Handle AMReX Abort Across Dynamic Libs to Apps

[ax3l]

We want to make sure that calls to amrex::Abort() & general exceptions from, e.g., throw std::runtime_error(...)s, can be propagated across dynamic libraries of AMReX, ABLASTR, etc. up to app Python bindings. In other words: an amrex::Abort() called from routines that are compiled into the AMReX .so file, e.g. amrex::ParmParse::get(), should be able to be caught as a runtime error in WarpX/ImpactX.

See description in BLAST-ImpactX/impactx#265 for details.

• set amrex.signal_handling = 0 and amrex.throw_exception = 1 in Python runs
• proper amrex::Abort support: enable working, cross-dynamic-library throw std::runtime_error exceptions
  • macOS: e.g., RTTI flags on AppleClang ?
  • Linux: e.g., -shared-libgcc on Linux (or use g++ for linking)
  • since RTTI is the default with all modern compilers, this could also be related to symbol stripping in pybind11 release builds: https://stackoverflow.com/a/17923224/2719194 - which conda-forge seems to handle well (see links below)
• make sure users can still trigger backtraces if they want to

Might also addressable via a custom system::error_handler:
https://github.com/AMReX-Codes/amrex/blob/b84d7c069cef7470f195b250926ca0e84ec46fb2/Src/Base/AMReX.cpp#L205-L206

Refs.:

• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38878999/try-catch-doesnt-work-in-shared-library/38879990#38879990
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3638237/polymorphically-catching-an-exception-in-a-fno-rtti-shared-library-on-mac-os-x
• On conda-forge, run-time type information (RTTI) is the default (and used for more stuff than exceptions, e.g., dynamic_cast, typeid over library bounds)
• https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/manual/cmake-buildsystem.7.html?highlight=rtti
• conda-forge:
  • https://github.com/conda-forge/libcxx-testing-feedstock/blob/7b267de95fc212c0c4235f76315314c1d4d5231d/recipe/meta.yaml#L26-L36
  • https://github.com/search?q=org%3Aconda-forge+rtti&type=code

[ax3l]

X-ref:

• https://pybind11.readthedocs.io/en/stable/advanced/exceptions.html#handling-unraisable-exceptions
• Fix: Fails in Python Callbacks Abort BLAST-WarpX/warpx#4380