From 7b0846ccfcbb0220ce51bf40cce89342b94c7e81 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FFFold <yu_daa@hotmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:03:44 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 1/9] fix(route/iwara): migrate API from apiq.iwara.tv to
 api.iwara.tv

- Replace Puppeteer with ofetch for ranking and subscriptions routes
- Fix video detail API response format (file vs files)
- Handle null slug in user route links
- Remove deprecated apiqRootUrl
---
 lib/routes/iwara/index.ts         |   4 +-
 lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts       |  38 ++---
 lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts | 245 ++++++++++++++----------------
 lib/routes/iwara/utils.ts         |   1 -
 4 files changed, 129 insertions(+), 159 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
index 13ed58f660e7..5bf7702c2288 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = list.map((item) => ({
         title: item.title,
         author: username,
-        link: `${rootUrl}/${type}/${item.id}/${item.slug}`,
-        category: item.tags.map((i) => i.id),
+        link: `${rootUrl}/${type}/${item.id}${item.slug ? `/${item.slug}` : ''}`,
+        category: item.tags?.map((i) => i.id) || [],
         description: parseThumbnail(type, item),
         pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
     }));
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
index 9a5746dacb93..804a872f08c3 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
+import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
-import { getPlaywrightPage } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 import { apiRootUrl, parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
 
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ export const route: Route = {
     maintainers: ['CaoMeiYouRen233'],
     handler,
     features: {
-        requirePuppeteer: true,
         nsfw: true,
     },
     radar: [
@@ -58,33 +57,20 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = await cache.tryGet(
         `iwara:ranking:${type}:${sort}:${rating}`,
         async () => {
-            const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(url, {
-                onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
-                    await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
-                        const request = route.request();
-                        request.resourceType() === 'document' || request.resourceType() === 'script' || request.resourceType() === 'xhr' || request.resourceType() === 'fetch' ? route.continue() : route.abort();
-                    });
-                },
-                gotoConfig: {
-                    waitUntil: 'networkidle',
+            const response = await ofetch(url, {
+                headers: {
+                    'user-agent': config.trueUA,
                 },
             });
 
-            try {
-                const content = await page.evaluate(() => document.querySelector('pre')?.textContent || document.body.textContent);
-                const response = JSON.parse(content || '{}');
-
-                return response.results.map((item) => ({
-                    title: item.title,
-                    author: item.user.name,
-                    link: `${rootUrl}/${type === 'video' ? 'video' : 'image'}/${item.id}${item.slug ? `/${item.slug}` : ''}`,
-                    category: item.tags?.map((i) => i.id) || [],
-                    description: parseThumbnail(type, item),
-                    pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
-                }));
-            } finally {
-                await destroy();
-            }
+            return response.results.map((item) => ({
+                title: item.title,
+                author: item.user.name,
+                link: `${rootUrl}/${type === 'video' ? 'video' : 'image'}/${item.id}${item.slug ? `/${item.slug}` : ''}`,
+                category: item.tags?.map((i) => i.id) || [],
+                description: parseThumbnail(type, item),
+                pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
+            }));
         },
         config.cache.routeExpire,
         false
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
index a9fc712e4b50..fd0aa7ee8d78 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
+import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
-import { getPlaywrightPage } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 import { renderSubscriptionImages } from './templates/subscriptions';
-import { apiqRootUrl, imageRootUrl, rootUrl } from './utils';
+import { apiRootUrl, imageRootUrl, rootUrl } from './utils';
 
 const md = MarkdownIt({
     html: true,
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ export const route: Route = {
                 description: '',
             },
         ],
-        requirePuppeteer: true,
         antiCrawler: false,
         supportBT: false,
         supportPodcast: false,
@@ -69,129 +68,96 @@ async function handler() {
     const username = config.iwara.username;
     const password = config.iwara.password;
 
-    const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
-        gotoConfig: {
-            waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
-        },
-    });
+    const fetchJson = (url: string, options: any = {}) =>
+        ofetch(url, {
+            headers: {
+                ...apiHeaders,
+                ...options.headers,
+            },
+            ...(options.body ? { body: JSON.stringify(options.body) } : {}),
+            ...(options.method ? { method: options.method } : {}),
+        });
 
-    try {
-        const fetchApi = (url: string, options: any) =>
-            page.evaluate(
-                async (args) => {
-                    const res = await fetch(args.url, {
-                        method: args.options.method || 'GET',
-                        headers: args.options.headers,
-                        body: args.options.body ? JSON.stringify(args.options.body) : undefined,
-                    });
-                    if (!res.ok) {
-                        throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${res.status}`);
-                    }
-                    return res.json();
+    // login and get refresh token
+    const refreshHeaders = await cache.tryGet(
+        'iwara:token',
+        async () => {
+            const result = await fetchJson(`${apiRootUrl}/user/login`, {
+                method: 'POST',
+                headers: apiHeaders,
+                body: { email: username, password },
+            });
+            return { authorization: 'Bearer ' + result.token };
+        },
+        30 * 24 * 60 * 60,
+        false
+    );
+
+    // get access token
+    const authHeaders = await cache.tryGet(
+        'iwara:authToken',
+        async () => {
+            const result = await fetchJson(`${apiRootUrl}/user/token`, {
+                method: 'POST',
+                headers: {
+                    ...apiHeaders,
+                    Authorization: refreshHeaders.authorization,
                 },
-                { url, options }
-            );
-
-        // login and get refresh token
-        const refreshHeaders = await cache.tryGet(
-            'iwara:token',
-            async () => {
-                const result = await fetchApi(`${apiqRootUrl}/user/login`, {
-                    method: 'POST',
-                    headers: apiHeaders,
-                    body: { email: username, password },
-                });
-                return { authorization: 'Bearer ' + result.token };
-            },
-            30 * 24 * 60 * 60,
-            false
-        );
-
-        // get access token
-        const authHeaders = await cache.tryGet(
-            'iwara:authToken',
-            async () => {
-                const result = await fetchApi(`${apiqRootUrl}/user/token`, {
-                    method: 'POST',
-                    headers: {
-                        ...apiHeaders,
-                        Authorization: refreshHeaders.authorization,
-                    },
-                });
-                return { authorization: 'Bearer ' + result.accessToken };
-            },
-            60 * 60,
-            false
-        );
+            });
+            return { authorization: 'Bearer ' + result.accessToken };
+        },
+        60 * 60,
+        false
+    );
 
-        const authedHeaders = {
-            ...apiHeaders,
-            Authorization: authHeaders.authorization,
-        };
+    const authedHeaders = {
+        ...apiHeaders,
+        Authorization: authHeaders.authorization,
+    };
 
-        // fetch subscriptions
-        const [videoResponse, imageResponse] = await Promise.all([
-            fetchApi(`${apiqRootUrl}/videos?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
-            fetchApi(`${apiqRootUrl}/images?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
-        ]);
-
-        const videoList = videoResponse.results.map((item) => {
-            const imageUrl = item.file ? `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${item.file.id}/thumbnail-${item.thumbnail.toString().padStart(2, '0')}.jpg` : '';
-
-            return {
-                title: item.title,
-                author: item.user.name,
-                link: `${rootUrl}/video/${item.id}`,
-                category: ['Video', ...(item.tags ? item.tags.map((i) => i.id) : [])],
-                imageUrl,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
-                private: item.private,
-            };
-        });
+    // fetch subscriptions
+    const [videoResponse, imageResponse] = await Promise.all([
+        fetchJson(`${apiRootUrl}/videos?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
+        fetchJson(`${apiRootUrl}/images?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
+    ]);
 
-        const imageList = imageResponse.results.map((item) => {
-            const imageUrl = item.thumbnail ? `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${item.thumbnail.id}/${item.thumbnail.name}` : '';
-            return {
-                title: item.title,
-                author: item.user.name,
-                link: `${rootUrl}/image/${item.id}`,
-                category: ['Image', ...(item.tags ? item.tags.map((i) => i.id) : [])],
-                imageUrl,
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
-            };
-        });
+    const videoList = videoResponse.results.map((item) => {
+        const imageUrl = item.file ? `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${item.file.id}/thumbnail-${item.thumbnail.toString().padStart(2, '0')}.jpg` : '';
 
-        // fulltext
-        const list = [...videoList, ...imageList];
-        // Execute fetches with limited concurrency
-        const items = await pMap(
-            list,
-            (item) =>
-                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                    let description = renderSubscriptionImages([item.imageUrl]);
-
-                    if (item.private === true) {
-                        description += 'private';
-                        return {
-                            title: item.title,
-                            author: item.author,
-                            link: item.link,
-                            category: item.category,
-                            pubDate: item.pubDate,
-                            description,
-                        };
-                    }
-
-                    const apiUrl = item.link.replace('www.iwara.tv', 'apiq.iwara.tv');
-                    const response = await fetchApi(apiUrl, {
-                        headers: authedHeaders,
-                    });
-
-                    description = renderSubscriptionImages(response.files ? response.files.filter((f) => f.type === 'image').map((f) => `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${f.id}/${f.name}`) : [item.imageUrl]);
-
-                    const body = response.body ? md.render(response.body) : '';
-                    description += body;
+        return {
+            title: item.title,
+            author: item.user.name,
+            link: `${rootUrl}/video/${item.id}`,
+            category: ['Video', ...(item.tags ? item.tags.map((i) => i.id) : [])],
+            imageUrl,
+            pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
+            private: item.private,
+        };
+    });
+
+    const imageList = imageResponse.results.map((item) => {
+        const imageUrl = item.thumbnail ? `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${item.thumbnail.id}/${item.thumbnail.name}` : '';
+        return {
+            title: item.title,
+            author: item.user.name,
+            link: `${rootUrl}/image/${item.id}`,
+            category: ['Image', ...(item.tags ? item.tags.map((i) => i.id) : [])],
+            imageUrl,
+            pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
+        };
+    });
 
+    // fulltext
+    const list = [...videoList, ...imageList];
+    // Execute fetches with limited concurrency
+    const items = await pMap(
+        list,
+        (item) =>
+            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                let description = renderSubscriptionImages([item.imageUrl]);
+
+                if (item.private === true) {
+                    description += 'private';
                     return {
                         title: item.title,
                         author: item.author,
@@ -200,16 +166,35 @@ async function handler() {
                         pubDate: item.pubDate,
                         description,
                     };
-                }),
-            { concurrency: 5 }
-        );
+                }
 
-        return {
-            title: 'Iwara Subscription',
-            link: rootUrl,
-            item: items,
-        };
-    } finally {
-        await destroy();
-    }
+                const apiUrl = item.link.replace('www.iwara.tv', 'api.iwara.tv');
+                const response = await fetchJson(apiUrl, {
+                    headers: authedHeaders,
+                });
+
+                // The new API returns `file` (single object) for videos and `files` (array) for images
+                const files = response.files || (response.file ? [response.file] : []);
+                description = renderSubscriptionImages(files.filter((f) => f.type === 'image').map((f) => `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${f.id}/${f.name}`));
+
+                const body = response.body ? md.render(response.body) : '';
+                description += body;
+
+                return {
+                    title: item.title,
+                    author: item.author,
+                    link: item.link,
+                    category: item.category,
+                    pubDate: item.pubDate,
+                    description,
+                };
+            }),
+        { concurrency: 5 }
+    );
+
+    return {
+        title: 'Iwara Subscription',
+        link: rootUrl,
+        item: items,
+    };
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/utils.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/utils.ts
index 90f05e4a3371..0fa2defe3407 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/utils.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 export const rootUrl = 'https://www.iwara.tv';
 export const apiRootUrl = 'https://api.iwara.tv';
-export const apiqRootUrl = 'https://apiq.iwara.tv';
 export const imageRootUrl = 'https://i.iwara.tv';
 
 export const typeMap = {

From 2d7bc0f70f35a036af914627152e5a61763d534d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FFFold <yu_daa@hotmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:28:02 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 2/9] fix(route/iwara): use Puppeteer to bypass Cloudflare
 protection

The api.iwara.tv endpoints are protected by Cloudflare challenges,
requiring a real browser to bypass. Restore Puppeteer-based approach
with updated API URLs and response format.

- ranking: use page.evaluate() fetch via browser context
- subscriptions: update apiq.iwara.tv -> api.iwara.tv
- index: use Puppeteer for videos/images listing
---
 lib/routes/iwara/index.ts         |  33 ++--
 lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts       |  41 +++--
 lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts | 247 ++++++++++++++++--------------
 3 files changed, 183 insertions(+), 138 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
index 5bf7702c2288..957256e7dace 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
@@ -3,14 +3,10 @@ import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
+import { getPlaywrightPage } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 import { apiRootUrl, parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
 
-const apiUrlMap = {
-    video: `${apiRootUrl}/videos`,
-    image: `${apiRootUrl}/images`,
-};
-
 export const route: Route = {
     path: '/users/:username/:type?',
     example: '/iwara/users/kelpie/video',
@@ -22,6 +18,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
     maintainers: ['Fatpandac'],
     handler,
     features: {
+        requirePuppeteer: true,
         nsfw: true,
     },
 };
@@ -39,15 +36,31 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     });
 
     const id = profile.id;
+
+    const apiUrl = `${apiRootUrl}/${type === 'video' ? 'videos' : 'images'}?user=${id}`;
+
     const list = await cache.tryGet(
-        `${apiUrlMap[type]}?user=${id}`,
+        apiUrl,
         async () => {
-            const response = await ofetch(`${apiUrlMap[type]}?user=${id}`, {
-                headers: {
-                    'user-agent': config.trueUA,
+            const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
+                gotoConfig: {
+                    waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
                 },
             });
-            return response.results;
+
+            try {
+                const response = await page.evaluate(async (url) => {
+                    const res = await fetch(url);
+                    if (!res.ok) {
+                        throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${res.status}`);
+                    }
+                    return res.json();
+                }, apiUrl);
+
+                return response.results;
+            } finally {
+                await destroy();
+            }
         },
         config.cache.routeExpire,
         false
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
index 804a872f08c3..739e01678603 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
-import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
+import { getPlaywrightPage } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
-import { apiRootUrl, parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
+import { parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
 
 const sortMap = {
     date: 'Latest',
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
     maintainers: ['CaoMeiYouRen233'],
     handler,
     features: {
+        requirePuppeteer: true,
         nsfw: true,
     },
     radar: [
@@ -52,25 +53,37 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const { type = 'video', sort = 'date', rating = 'ecchi' } = ctx.req.param();
 
     const limit = ctx.req.query('limit') || 32;
-    const url = `${apiRootUrl}/${type === 'video' ? 'videos' : 'images'}?sort=${sort}&rating=${rating}&limit=${limit}`;
+    const apiUrl = `https://api.iwara.tv/${type === 'video' ? 'videos' : 'images'}?sort=${sort}&rating=${rating}&limit=${limit}`;
 
     const items = await cache.tryGet(
         `iwara:ranking:${type}:${sort}:${rating}`,
         async () => {
-            const response = await ofetch(url, {
-                headers: {
-                    'user-agent': config.trueUA,
+            const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
+                gotoConfig: {
+                    waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
                 },
             });
 
-            return response.results.map((item) => ({
-                title: item.title,
-                author: item.user.name,
-                link: `${rootUrl}/${type === 'video' ? 'video' : 'image'}/${item.id}${item.slug ? `/${item.slug}` : ''}`,
-                category: item.tags?.map((i) => i.id) || [],
-                description: parseThumbnail(type, item),
-                pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
-            }));
+            try {
+                const response = await page.evaluate(async (url) => {
+                    const res = await fetch(url);
+                    if (!res.ok) {
+                        throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${res.status}`);
+                    }
+                    return res.json();
+                }, apiUrl);
+
+                return response.results.map((item) => ({
+                    title: item.title,
+                    author: item.user.name,
+                    link: `${rootUrl}/${type === 'video' ? 'video' : 'image'}/${item.id}${item.slug ? `/${item.slug}` : ''}`,
+                    category: item.tags?.map((i) => i.id) || [],
+                    description: parseThumbnail(type, item),
+                    pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
+                }));
+            } finally {
+                await destroy();
+            }
         },
         config.cache.routeExpire,
         false
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
index fd0aa7ee8d78..4b660f85d03f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
@@ -5,11 +5,11 @@ import { config } from '@/config';
 import ConfigNotFoundError from '@/errors/types/config-not-found';
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
-import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
+import { getPlaywrightPage } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 import { renderSubscriptionImages } from './templates/subscriptions';
-import { apiRootUrl, imageRootUrl, rootUrl } from './utils';
+import { imageRootUrl, rootUrl } from './utils';
 
 const md = MarkdownIt({
     html: true,
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ export const route: Route = {
                 description: '',
             },
         ],
+        requirePuppeteer: true,
         antiCrawler: false,
         supportBT: false,
         supportPodcast: false,
@@ -68,96 +69,133 @@ async function handler() {
     const username = config.iwara.username;
     const password = config.iwara.password;
 
-    const fetchJson = (url: string, options: any = {}) =>
-        ofetch(url, {
-            headers: {
-                ...apiHeaders,
-                ...options.headers,
-            },
-            ...(options.body ? { body: JSON.stringify(options.body) } : {}),
-            ...(options.method ? { method: options.method } : {}),
-        });
+    const apiRoot = 'https://api.iwara.tv';
 
-    // login and get refresh token
-    const refreshHeaders = await cache.tryGet(
-        'iwara:token',
-        async () => {
-            const result = await fetchJson(`${apiRootUrl}/user/login`, {
-                method: 'POST',
-                headers: apiHeaders,
-                body: { email: username, password },
-            });
-            return { authorization: 'Bearer ' + result.token };
-        },
-        30 * 24 * 60 * 60,
-        false
-    );
-
-    // get access token
-    const authHeaders = await cache.tryGet(
-        'iwara:authToken',
-        async () => {
-            const result = await fetchJson(`${apiRootUrl}/user/token`, {
-                method: 'POST',
-                headers: {
-                    ...apiHeaders,
-                    Authorization: refreshHeaders.authorization,
-                },
-            });
-            return { authorization: 'Bearer ' + result.accessToken };
+    const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
+        gotoConfig: {
+            waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
         },
-        60 * 60,
-        false
-    );
+    });
 
-    const authedHeaders = {
-        ...apiHeaders,
-        Authorization: authHeaders.authorization,
-    };
+    try {
+        const fetchApi = (url: string, options: any) =>
+            page.evaluate(
+                async (args) => {
+                    const res = await fetch(args.url, {
+                        method: args.options.method || 'GET',
+                        headers: args.options.headers,
+                        body: args.options.body ? JSON.stringify(args.options.body) : undefined,
+                    });
+                    if (!res.ok) {
+                        throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${res.status}`);
+                    }
+                    return res.json();
+                },
+                { url, options }
+            );
+
+        // login and get refresh token
+        const refreshHeaders = await cache.tryGet(
+            'iwara:token',
+            async () => {
+                const result = await fetchApi(`${apiRoot}/user/login`, {
+                    method: 'POST',
+                    headers: apiHeaders,
+                    body: { email: username, password },
+                });
+                return { authorization: 'Bearer ' + result.token };
+            },
+            30 * 24 * 60 * 60,
+            false
+        );
+
+        // get access token
+        const authHeaders = await cache.tryGet(
+            'iwara:authToken',
+            async () => {
+                const result = await fetchApi(`${apiRoot}/user/token`, {
+                    method: 'POST',
+                    headers: {
+                        ...apiHeaders,
+                        Authorization: refreshHeaders.authorization,
+                    },
+                });
+                return { authorization: 'Bearer ' + result.accessToken };
+            },
+            60 * 60,
+            false
+        );
 
-    // fetch subscriptions
-    const [videoResponse, imageResponse] = await Promise.all([
-        fetchJson(`${apiRootUrl}/videos?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
-        fetchJson(`${apiRootUrl}/images?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
-    ]);
+        const authedHeaders = {
+            ...apiHeaders,
+            Authorization: authHeaders.authorization,
+        };
 
-    const videoList = videoResponse.results.map((item) => {
-        const imageUrl = item.file ? `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${item.file.id}/thumbnail-${item.thumbnail.toString().padStart(2, '0')}.jpg` : '';
+        // fetch subscriptions
+        const [videoResponse, imageResponse] = await Promise.all([
+            fetchApi(`${apiRoot}/videos?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
+            fetchApi(`${apiRoot}/images?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
+        ]);
+
+        const videoList = videoResponse.results.map((item) => {
+            const imageUrl = item.file ? `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${item.file.id}/thumbnail-${item.thumbnail.toString().padStart(2, '0')}.jpg` : '';
+
+            return {
+                title: item.title,
+                author: item.user.name,
+                link: `${rootUrl}/video/${item.id}`,
+                category: ['Video', ...(item.tags ? item.tags.map((i) => i.id) : [])],
+                imageUrl,
+                pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
+                private: item.private,
+            };
+        });
 
-        return {
-            title: item.title,
-            author: item.user.name,
-            link: `${rootUrl}/video/${item.id}`,
-            category: ['Video', ...(item.tags ? item.tags.map((i) => i.id) : [])],
-            imageUrl,
-            pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
-            private: item.private,
-        };
-    });
+        const imageList = imageResponse.results.map((item) => {
+            const imageUrl = item.thumbnail ? `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${item.thumbnail.id}/${item.thumbnail.name}` : '';
+            return {
+                title: item.title,
+                author: item.user.name,
+                link: `${rootUrl}/image/${item.id}`,
+                category: ['Image', ...(item.tags ? item.tags.map((i) => i.id) : [])],
+                imageUrl,
+                pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
+            };
+        });
 
-    const imageList = imageResponse.results.map((item) => {
-        const imageUrl = item.thumbnail ? `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${item.thumbnail.id}/${item.thumbnail.name}` : '';
-        return {
-            title: item.title,
-            author: item.user.name,
-            link: `${rootUrl}/image/${item.id}`,
-            category: ['Image', ...(item.tags ? item.tags.map((i) => i.id) : [])],
-            imageUrl,
-            pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
-        };
-    });
+        // fulltext
+        const list = [...videoList, ...imageList];
+        // Execute fetches with limited concurrency
+        const items = await pMap(
+            list,
+            (item) =>
+                cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
+                    let description = renderSubscriptionImages([item.imageUrl]);
+
+                    if (item.private === true) {
+                        description += 'private';
+                        return {
+                            title: item.title,
+                            author: item.author,
+                            link: item.link,
+                            category: item.category,
+                            pubDate: item.pubDate,
+                            description,
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    const apiUrl = item.link.replace('www.iwara.tv', 'api.iwara.tv');
+                    const response = await fetchApi(apiUrl, {
+                        headers: authedHeaders,
+                    });
+
+                    // The new API returns `file` (single object) for videos and `files` (array) for images
+                    const files = response.files || (response.file ? [response.file] : []);
+                    description = renderSubscriptionImages(files.filter((f) => f.type === 'image').map((f) => `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${f.id}/${f.name}`));
+
+                    const body = response.body ? md.render(response.body) : '';
+                    description += body;
 
-    // fulltext
-    const list = [...videoList, ...imageList];
-    // Execute fetches with limited concurrency
-    const items = await pMap(
-        list,
-        (item) =>
-            cache.tryGet(item.link, async () => {
-                let description = renderSubscriptionImages([item.imageUrl]);
-
-                if (item.private === true) {
-                    description += 'private';
                     return {
                         title: item.title,
                         author: item.author,
@@ -166,35 +204,16 @@ async function handler() {
                         pubDate: item.pubDate,
                         description,
                     };
-                }
-
-                const apiUrl = item.link.replace('www.iwara.tv', 'api.iwara.tv');
-                const response = await fetchJson(apiUrl, {
-                    headers: authedHeaders,
-                });
+                }),
+            { concurrency: 5 }
+        );
 
-                // The new API returns `file` (single object) for videos and `files` (array) for images
-                const files = response.files || (response.file ? [response.file] : []);
-                description = renderSubscriptionImages(files.filter((f) => f.type === 'image').map((f) => `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${f.id}/${f.name}`));
-
-                const body = response.body ? md.render(response.body) : '';
-                description += body;
-
-                return {
-                    title: item.title,
-                    author: item.author,
-                    link: item.link,
-                    category: item.category,
-                    pubDate: item.pubDate,
-                    description,
-                };
-            }),
-        { concurrency: 5 }
-    );
-
-    return {
-        title: 'Iwara Subscription',
-        link: rootUrl,
-        item: items,
-    };
+        return {
+            title: 'Iwara Subscription',
+            link: rootUrl,
+            item: items,
+        };
+    } finally {
+        await destroy();
+    }
 }

From c96feedd1261809b7c5be9772dd6a60a60d79102 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FFFold <yu_daa@hotmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 21:36:04 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 3/9] refactor(route/iwara): use apiRootUrl constant and fix
 review issues

---
 lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts       |  4 ++--
 lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts | 12 +++++-------
 2 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
index 739e01678603..780931dbed8b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import { getPlaywrightPage } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
-import { parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
+import { apiRootUrl, parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
 
 const sortMap = {
     date: 'Latest',
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const { type = 'video', sort = 'date', rating = 'ecchi' } = ctx.req.param();
 
     const limit = ctx.req.query('limit') || 32;
-    const apiUrl = `https://api.iwara.tv/${type === 'video' ? 'videos' : 'images'}?sort=${sort}&rating=${rating}&limit=${limit}`;
+    const apiUrl = `${apiRootUrl}/${type === 'video' ? 'videos' : 'images'}?sort=${sort}&rating=${rating}&limit=${limit}`;
 
     const items = await cache.tryGet(
         `iwara:ranking:${type}:${sort}:${rating}`,
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
index 4b660f85d03f..e49a74752039 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
 import { getPlaywrightPage } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 import { renderSubscriptionImages } from './templates/subscriptions';
-import { imageRootUrl, rootUrl } from './utils';
+import { apiRootUrl, imageRootUrl, rootUrl } from './utils';
 
 const md = MarkdownIt({
     html: true,
@@ -69,8 +69,6 @@ async function handler() {
     const username = config.iwara.username;
     const password = config.iwara.password;
 
-    const apiRoot = 'https://api.iwara.tv';
-
     const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
         gotoConfig: {
             waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
@@ -98,7 +96,7 @@ async function handler() {
         const refreshHeaders = await cache.tryGet(
             'iwara:token',
             async () => {
-                const result = await fetchApi(`${apiRoot}/user/login`, {
+                const result = await fetchApi(`${apiRootUrl}/user/login`, {
                     method: 'POST',
                     headers: apiHeaders,
                     body: { email: username, password },
@@ -113,7 +111,7 @@ async function handler() {
         const authHeaders = await cache.tryGet(
             'iwara:authToken',
             async () => {
-                const result = await fetchApi(`${apiRoot}/user/token`, {
+                const result = await fetchApi(`${apiRootUrl}/user/token`, {
                     method: 'POST',
                     headers: {
                         ...apiHeaders,
@@ -133,8 +131,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
         // fetch subscriptions
         const [videoResponse, imageResponse] = await Promise.all([
-            fetchApi(`${apiRoot}/videos?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
-            fetchApi(`${apiRoot}/images?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
+            fetchApi(`${apiRootUrl}/videos?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
+            fetchApi(`${apiRootUrl}/images?rating=all&page=0&limit=24&subscribed=true`, { headers: authedHeaders }),
         ]);
 
         const videoList = videoResponse.results.map((item) => {

From 0c1db180e4345875fb0c8c5c027199ed902114df Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FFFold <yu_daa@hotmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 22:07:07 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 4/9] fix(route/iwara): add request-type filtering to Puppeteer
 calls

---
 lib/routes/iwara/index.ts   | 6 ++++++
 lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts | 6 ++++++
 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+)

diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
index 957256e7dace..eb20c289192f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
@@ -43,6 +43,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         apiUrl,
         async () => {
             const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
+                onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
+                    await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
+                        const type = route.request().resourceType();
+                        ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(type) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
+                    });
+                },
                 gotoConfig: {
                     waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
                 },
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
index 780931dbed8b..f0a36f4dfe9e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
@@ -59,6 +59,12 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         `iwara:ranking:${type}:${sort}:${rating}`,
         async () => {
             const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
+                onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
+                    await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
+                        const type = route.request().resourceType();
+                        ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(type) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
+                    });
+                },
                 gotoConfig: {
                     waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
                 },

From 563be5903dee48dca54654c60fe9465b36816cde Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FFFold <yu_daa@hotmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 22:53:04 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 5/9] fix(route/iwara): skip page navigation for Puppeteer
 calls

ranking and index routes only need a browser context to make fetch()
calls via page.evaluate(). Adding noGoto:true skips the page.goto()
navigation, avoiding the 30s scheduleClose timeout issue where the
browser gets closed before navigation completes.
---
 lib/routes/iwara/index.ts   | 4 +---
 lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts | 4 +---
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
index eb20c289192f..fccb070ba57c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
@@ -43,15 +43,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         apiUrl,
         async () => {
             const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
+                noGoto: true,
                 onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
                     await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
                         const type = route.request().resourceType();
                         ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(type) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                     });
                 },
-                gotoConfig: {
-                    waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
-                },
             });
 
             try {
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
index f0a36f4dfe9e..c36a2e3dbf25 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
@@ -59,15 +59,13 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         `iwara:ranking:${type}:${sort}:${rating}`,
         async () => {
             const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
+                noGoto: true,
                 onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
                     await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
                         const type = route.request().resourceType();
                         ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(type) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                     });
                 },
-                gotoConfig: {
-                    waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
-                },
             });
 
             try {

From 343680d4e8e99b23f2b0e4ceaf39a4b006783d7d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FFFold <yu_daa@hotmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 23:00:28 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 6/9] fix(route/iwara): restore page navigation with longer
 close timeout

Revert noGoto change - page navigation is needed to establish a valid
origin for fetch() calls (CORS). Increase closeTimeout to 90s to
accommodate slow environments where navigation takes longer.
---
 lib/routes/iwara/index.ts   | 5 ++++-
 lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts | 5 ++++-
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
index fccb070ba57c..a67701e7a67b 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
@@ -43,13 +43,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         apiUrl,
         async () => {
             const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
-                noGoto: true,
+                closeTimeout: 90 * 1000,
                 onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
                     await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
                         const type = route.request().resourceType();
                         ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(type) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                     });
                 },
+                gotoConfig: {
+                    waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
+                },
             });
 
             try {
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
index c36a2e3dbf25..9cb17fd2e40e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
@@ -59,13 +59,16 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
         `iwara:ranking:${type}:${sort}:${rating}`,
         async () => {
             const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
-                noGoto: true,
+                closeTimeout: 90 * 1000,
                 onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
                     await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
                         const type = route.request().resourceType();
                         ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(type) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                     });
                 },
+                gotoConfig: {
+                    waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
+                },
             });
 
             try {

From b9cb5fb2d8a4b2d8bbbc08224c0aefcbfe3f7627 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FFFold <yu_daa@hotmail.com>
Date: Sat, 18 Jul 2026 07:43:05 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 7/9] fix(route/iwara): keep video thumbnail when detail API
 returns no image files

Video detail API returns file.type as 'video', not 'image', so the
.filter(f => f.type === 'image') produces an empty array and drops
the thumbnail. Fall back to the list thumbnail when no image files
are found.
---
 lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
index e49a74752039..90c0a88be3f5 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
@@ -189,7 +189,8 @@ async function handler() {
 
                     // The new API returns `file` (single object) for videos and `files` (array) for images
                     const files = response.files || (response.file ? [response.file] : []);
-                    description = renderSubscriptionImages(files.filter((f) => f.type === 'image').map((f) => `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${f.id}/${f.name}`));
+                    const imageFiles = files.filter((f) => f.type === 'image');
+                    description = imageFiles.length > 0 ? renderSubscriptionImages(imageFiles.map((f) => `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${f.id}/${f.name}`)) : renderSubscriptionImages([item.imageUrl]);
 
                     const body = response.body ? md.render(response.body) : '';
                     description += body;

From 2507a0ea2be3bd8ef849e65ca4156a51c7a36402 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FFFold <yu_daa@hotmail.com>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 18:46:43 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 8/9] fix(route/iwara): resolve review comments and refine
 cache

- Fetch user profile through the same Playwright session as the list request
- Rename route resourceType variable to avoid shadowing the route type param
- Simplify subscription image description rendering
- Include limit in ranking cache key to prevent mixing cached results
---
 lib/routes/iwara/index.ts         | 120 ++++++++++++++++++------------
 lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts       |   6 +-
 lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts |   2 +-
 3 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
index a67701e7a67b..45a4337ac30c 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,28 @@
 import { config } from '@/config';
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
-import ofetch from '@/utils/ofetch';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
-import { getPlaywrightPage } from '@/utils/playwright';
+import { getPlaywrightPage, type Page } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
 import { apiRootUrl, parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
 
+const openPage = async () => {
+    const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
+        closeTimeout: 90 * 1000,
+        onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
+            await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
+                const resourceType = route.request().resourceType();
+                ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(resourceType) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
+            });
+        },
+        gotoConfig: {
+            waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
+        },
+    });
+
+    return { page, destroy };
+};
+
 export const route: Route = {
     path: '/users/:username/:type?',
     example: '/iwara/users/kelpie/video',
@@ -26,37 +42,41 @@ export const route: Route = {
 async function handler(ctx) {
     const { username, type = 'video' } = ctx.req.param();
 
-    const profile = await cache.tryGet(`${apiRootUrl}/profile/${username}`, async () => {
-        const response = await ofetch(`${apiRootUrl}/profile/${username}`, {
-            headers: {
-                'user-agent': config.trueUA,
-            },
-        });
-        return response.user;
-    });
+    let page: Page | undefined;
+    let destroy: (() => Promise<void>) | undefined;
 
-    const id = profile.id;
+    const openPageIfNeeded = async (): Promise<Page> => {
+        if (!page || !destroy) {
+            const opened = await openPage();
+            page = opened.page;
+            destroy = opened.destroy;
+        }
+        return page;
+    };
 
-    const apiUrl = `${apiRootUrl}/${type === 'video' ? 'videos' : 'images'}?user=${id}`;
+    try {
+        const profile = await cache.tryGet(`${apiRootUrl}/profile/${username}`, async () => {
+            const currentPage = await openPageIfNeeded();
+            const response = await currentPage.evaluate(async (url) => {
+                const res = await fetch(url);
+                if (!res.ok) {
+                    throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${res.status}`);
+                }
+                return res.json();
+            }, `${apiRootUrl}/profile/${username}`);
 
-    const list = await cache.tryGet(
-        apiUrl,
-        async () => {
-            const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
-                closeTimeout: 90 * 1000,
-                onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
-                    await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
-                        const type = route.request().resourceType();
-                        ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(type) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
-                    });
-                },
-                gotoConfig: {
-                    waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
-                },
-            });
+            return response.user;
+        });
+
+        const id = profile.id;
 
-            try {
-                const response = await page.evaluate(async (url) => {
+        const apiUrl = `${apiRootUrl}/${type === 'video' ? 'videos' : 'images'}?user=${id}`;
+
+        const list = await cache.tryGet(
+            apiUrl,
+            async () => {
+                const currentPage = await openPageIfNeeded();
+                const response = await currentPage.evaluate(async (url) => {
                     const res = await fetch(url);
                     if (!res.ok) {
                         throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${res.status}`);
@@ -65,26 +85,28 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
                 }, apiUrl);
 
                 return response.results;
-            } finally {
-                await destroy();
-            }
-        },
-        config.cache.routeExpire,
-        false
-    );
+            },
+            config.cache.routeExpire,
+            false
+        );
 
-    const items = list.map((item) => ({
-        title: item.title,
-        author: username,
-        link: `${rootUrl}/${type}/${item.id}${item.slug ? `/${item.slug}` : ''}`,
-        category: item.tags?.map((i) => i.id) || [],
-        description: parseThumbnail(type, item),
-        pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
-    }));
+        const items = list.map((item) => ({
+            title: item.title,
+            author: username,
+            link: `${rootUrl}/${type}/${item.id}${item.slug ? `/${item.slug}` : ''}`,
+            category: item.tags?.map((i) => i.id) || [],
+            description: parseThumbnail(type, item),
+            pubDate: parseDate(item.createdAt),
+        }));
 
-    return {
-        title: `${username}'s iwara - ${typeMap[type]}`,
-        link: `${rootUrl}/users/${username}`,
-        item: items,
-    };
+        return {
+            title: `${username}'s iwara - ${typeMap[type]}`,
+            link: `${rootUrl}/users/${username}`,
+            item: items,
+        };
+    } finally {
+        if (destroy) {
+            await destroy();
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
index 9cb17fd2e40e..8164f6f24ac4 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
@@ -56,14 +56,14 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const apiUrl = `${apiRootUrl}/${type === 'video' ? 'videos' : 'images'}?sort=${sort}&rating=${rating}&limit=${limit}`;
 
     const items = await cache.tryGet(
-        `iwara:ranking:${type}:${sort}:${rating}`,
+        `iwara:ranking:${type}:${sort}:${rating}:${limit}`,
         async () => {
             const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
                 closeTimeout: 90 * 1000,
                 onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
                     await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
-                        const type = route.request().resourceType();
-                        ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(type) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
+                        const resourceType = route.request().resourceType();
+                        ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(resourceType) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
                     });
                 },
                 gotoConfig: {
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
index 90c0a88be3f5..6a7a6b9e809e 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/subscriptions.ts
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ async function handler() {
                     // The new API returns `file` (single object) for videos and `files` (array) for images
                     const files = response.files || (response.file ? [response.file] : []);
                     const imageFiles = files.filter((f) => f.type === 'image');
-                    description = imageFiles.length > 0 ? renderSubscriptionImages(imageFiles.map((f) => `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${f.id}/${f.name}`)) : renderSubscriptionImages([item.imageUrl]);
+                    description = renderSubscriptionImages(imageFiles.length > 0 ? imageFiles.map((f) => `${imageRootUrl}/image/original/${f.id}/${f.name}`) : [item.imageUrl]);
 
                     const body = response.body ? md.render(response.body) : '';
                     description += body;

From f8debf7eb9ca516f5ec61814d720f7bffa0144b2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: FFFold <yu_daa@hotmail.com>
Date: Mon, 24 Aug 2026 18:58:16 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 9/9] refactor(route/iwara): extract shared Playwright and JSON
 helpers

- Add fetchJsonInPage helper for in-page JSON API calls
- Add getIwaraPage helper for shared Playwright page configuration
- Replace duplicated page.evaluate and getPlaywrightPage code across routes
---
 lib/routes/iwara/index.ts   | 39 +++++--------------------------------
 lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts | 24 +++--------------------
 lib/routes/iwara/utils.ts   | 25 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)

diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
index 45a4337ac30c..4de332035d51 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/index.ts
@@ -2,26 +2,9 @@ import { config } from '@/config';
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
-import { getPlaywrightPage, type Page } from '@/utils/playwright';
+import type { Page } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
-import { apiRootUrl, parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
-
-const openPage = async () => {
-    const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
-        closeTimeout: 90 * 1000,
-        onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
-            await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
-                const resourceType = route.request().resourceType();
-                ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(resourceType) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
-            });
-        },
-        gotoConfig: {
-            waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
-        },
-    });
-
-    return { page, destroy };
-};
+import { apiRootUrl, fetchJsonInPage, getIwaraPage, parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
 
 export const route: Route = {
     path: '/users/:username/:type?',
@@ -47,7 +30,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
 
     const openPageIfNeeded = async (): Promise<Page> => {
         if (!page || !destroy) {
-            const opened = await openPage();
+            const opened = await getIwaraPage();
             page = opened.page;
             destroy = opened.destroy;
         }
@@ -57,13 +40,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     try {
         const profile = await cache.tryGet(`${apiRootUrl}/profile/${username}`, async () => {
             const currentPage = await openPageIfNeeded();
-            const response = await currentPage.evaluate(async (url) => {
-                const res = await fetch(url);
-                if (!res.ok) {
-                    throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${res.status}`);
-                }
-                return res.json();
-            }, `${apiRootUrl}/profile/${username}`);
+            const response = await fetchJsonInPage(currentPage, `${apiRootUrl}/profile/${username}`);
 
             return response.user;
         });
@@ -76,13 +53,7 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
             apiUrl,
             async () => {
                 const currentPage = await openPageIfNeeded();
-                const response = await currentPage.evaluate(async (url) => {
-                    const res = await fetch(url);
-                    if (!res.ok) {
-                        throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${res.status}`);
-                    }
-                    return res.json();
-                }, apiUrl);
+                const response = await fetchJsonInPage(currentPage, apiUrl);
 
                 return response.results;
             },
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
index 8164f6f24ac4..0a8b42db8cb8 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/ranking.ts
@@ -2,9 +2,8 @@ import { config } from '@/config';
 import type { Route } from '@/types';
 import cache from '@/utils/cache';
 import { parseDate } from '@/utils/parse-date';
-import { getPlaywrightPage } from '@/utils/playwright';
 
-import { apiRootUrl, parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
+import { apiRootUrl, fetchJsonInPage, getIwaraPage, parseThumbnail, rootUrl, typeMap } from './utils';
 
 const sortMap = {
     date: 'Latest',
@@ -58,27 +57,10 @@ async function handler(ctx) {
     const items = await cache.tryGet(
         `iwara:ranking:${type}:${sort}:${rating}:${limit}`,
         async () => {
-            const { page, destroy } = await getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
-                closeTimeout: 90 * 1000,
-                onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
-                    await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
-                        const resourceType = route.request().resourceType();
-                        ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(resourceType) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
-                    });
-                },
-                gotoConfig: {
-                    waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
-                },
-            });
+            const { page, destroy } = await getIwaraPage();
 
             try {
-                const response = await page.evaluate(async (url) => {
-                    const res = await fetch(url);
-                    if (!res.ok) {
-                        throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${res.status}`);
-                    }
-                    return res.json();
-                }, apiUrl);
+                const response = await fetchJsonInPage(page, apiUrl);
 
                 return response.results.map((item) => ({
                     title: item.title,
diff --git a/lib/routes/iwara/utils.ts b/lib/routes/iwara/utils.ts
index 0fa2defe3407..8f0062aff49f 100644
--- a/lib/routes/iwara/utils.ts
+++ b/lib/routes/iwara/utils.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,32 @@
+import { getPlaywrightPage, type Page } from '@/utils/playwright';
+
 export const rootUrl = 'https://www.iwara.tv';
 export const apiRootUrl = 'https://api.iwara.tv';
 export const imageRootUrl = 'https://i.iwara.tv';
 
+export const getIwaraPage = () =>
+    getPlaywrightPage(rootUrl, {
+        closeTimeout: 90 * 1000,
+        onBeforeLoad: async (page) => {
+            await page.route('**/*', (route) => {
+                const resourceType = route.request().resourceType();
+                ['document', 'script', 'xhr', 'fetch'].includes(resourceType) ? route.continue() : route.abort();
+            });
+        },
+        gotoConfig: {
+            waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded',
+        },
+    });
+
+export const fetchJsonInPage = (page: Page, url: string) =>
+    page.evaluate(async (u) => {
+        const res = await fetch(u);
+        if (!res.ok) {
+            throw new Error(`HTTP error! status: ${res.status}`);
+        }
+        return res.json();
+    }, url);
+
 export const typeMap = {
     video: 'Videos',
     image: 'Images',