diff --git a/.gitlab-ci.yml b/.gitlab-ci.yml
index ed32496a49..bbc8584563 100644
--- a/.gitlab-ci.yml
+++ b/.gitlab-ci.yml
@@ -303,7 +303,9 @@ unit-bs:
     - .base-configuration
     - .bs-allowed-branches
   interruptible: true
-  resource_group: browserstack
+  parallel:
+    matrix:
+      - BS_BROWSER: [edge, firefox, safari-desktop, chrome-desktop, chrome-mobile]
   artifacts:
     reports:
       junit: test-report/unit-bs/*.xml
diff --git a/scripts/test/bs-wrapper.ts b/scripts/test/bs-wrapper.ts
index 58e5d860ee..32578649c4 100644
--- a/scripts/test/bs-wrapper.ts
+++ b/scripts/test/bs-wrapper.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-// This wrapper script ensures that no other test is running in BrowserStack before launching the
+// This wrapper script waits until a BrowserStack parallel session is available before launching the
 // test command, to avoid overloading the service and making tests more flaky than necessary. This
-// is also handled by the CI (exclusive lock on the "browserstack" resource), but it is helpful when
-// launching tests outside of the CI.
+// is also handled by the CI (resource groups), but it is helpful when launching tests outside of
+// the CI.
 //
 // It used to re-run the test command based on its output (in particular, when the BrowserStack
 // session failed to be created), but we observed that:
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 // after killing it. There might be a better way of prematurely aborting the test command if we need
 // to in the future.
 
+import { randomUUID } from 'node:crypto'
 import { spawn, type ChildProcess } from 'node:child_process'
 import browserStack from 'browserstack-local'
 import { printLog, runMain, timeout, printError } from '../lib/executionUtils.ts'
@@ -21,9 +22,10 @@ import { browserStackRequest } from '../lib/bsUtils.ts'
 
 const AVAILABILITY_CHECK_DELAY = 30_000
 const NO_OUTPUT_TIMEOUT = 5 * 60_000
-const BS_BUILD_URL = 'https://api.browserstack.com/automate/builds.json?status=running'
+const BS_PLAN_URL = 'https://api.browserstack.com/automate/plan.json'
 
 const bsLocal = new browserStack.Local()
+const localIdentifier = `browser-sdk-${randomUUID()}`
 
 runMain(async () => {
   if (command`git tag --points-at HEAD`.run()) {
@@ -44,15 +46,19 @@ runMain(async () => {
 })
 
 async function waitForAvailability(): Promise<void> {
-  while (await hasRunningBuild()) {
-    printLog('Other build running, waiting...')
-    await timeout(AVAILABILITY_CHECK_DELAY)
+  while (await isAtCapacity()) {
+    const jitter = Math.floor(Math.random() * 3_000)
+    printLog('All BrowserStack sessions occupied, waiting...')
+    await timeout(AVAILABILITY_CHECK_DELAY + jitter)
   }
 }
 
-async function hasRunningBuild(): Promise<boolean> {
-  const builds = (await browserStackRequest(BS_BUILD_URL)) as any[]
-  return builds.length > 0
+async function isAtCapacity(): Promise<boolean> {
+  const plan = (await browserStackRequest(BS_PLAN_URL)) as {
+    parallel_sessions_running: number
+    parallel_sessions_max_allowed: number
+  }
+  return plan.parallel_sessions_running >= plan.parallel_sessions_max_allowed
 }
 
 function startBsLocal(): Promise<void> {
@@ -62,8 +68,8 @@ function startBsLocal(): Promise<void> {
     bsLocal.start(
       {
         key: process.env.BS_ACCESS_KEY,
+        localIdentifier,
         forceLocal: true,
-        forceKill: true,
         onlyAutomate: true,
       },
       (error?: Error) => {
@@ -97,6 +103,7 @@ function runTests(): Promise<boolean> {
         ...process.env,
         FORCE_COLOR: 'true',
         BROWSER_STACK: 'true',
+        BROWSERSTACK_LOCAL_IDENTIFIER: localIdentifier,
       },
     })
 
diff --git a/test/browsers.conf.d.ts b/test/browsers.conf.d.ts
index 231cc71575..1bc8f4189b 100644
--- a/test/browsers.conf.d.ts
+++ b/test/browsers.conf.d.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 export interface BrowserConfiguration {
+  id?: string
   sessionName: string
   name: string
   version?: string
diff --git a/test/unit/browsers.conf.ts b/test/unit/browsers.conf.ts
index 11db782976..fd0bb06664 100644
--- a/test/unit/browsers.conf.ts
+++ b/test/unit/browsers.conf.ts
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ export const OLDEST_BROWSER_ECMA_VERSION = 2017
 
 export const browserConfigurations: BrowserConfiguration[] = [
   {
+    id: 'edge',
     sessionName: 'Edge',
     name: 'Edge',
     version: '80.0',
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ export const browserConfigurations: BrowserConfiguration[] = [
     osVersion: '11',
   },
   {
+    id: 'firefox',
     sessionName: 'Firefox',
     name: 'Firefox',
     version: '78.0',
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@ export const browserConfigurations: BrowserConfiguration[] = [
     osVersion: '11',
   },
   {
+    id: 'safari-desktop',
     sessionName: 'Safari desktop',
     name: 'Safari',
     version: '14.0',
@@ -30,6 +33,7 @@ export const browserConfigurations: BrowserConfiguration[] = [
     osVersion: 'Big Sur',
   },
   {
+    id: 'chrome-desktop',
     sessionName: 'Chrome desktop',
     name: 'Chrome',
     version: '80.0',
@@ -37,6 +41,7 @@ export const browserConfigurations: BrowserConfiguration[] = [
     osVersion: '11',
   },
   {
+    id: 'chrome-mobile',
     sessionName: 'Chrome mobile',
     name: 'chrome',
     os: 'android',
diff --git a/test/unit/karma.bs.conf.js b/test/unit/karma.bs.conf.js
index c6b4314a8c..f7af94ddbe 100644
--- a/test/unit/karma.bs.conf.js
+++ b/test/unit/karma.bs.conf.js
@@ -2,6 +2,16 @@ import { getBuildInfos } from '../envUtils.ts'
 import { browserConfigurations } from './browsers.conf.ts'
 import karmaBaseConf from './karma.base.conf.js'
 
+const selectedBrowser = process.env.BS_BROWSER
+const filteredConfigurations = selectedBrowser
+  ? browserConfigurations.filter((configuration) => configuration.id === selectedBrowser)
+  : browserConfigurations
+
+if (selectedBrowser && filteredConfigurations.length === 0) {
+  const availableIds = browserConfigurations.map((c) => c.id).join(', ')
+  throw new Error(`Unknown BS_BROWSER "${selectedBrowser}". Available: ${availableIds}`)
+}
+
 // eslint-disable-next-line import/no-default-export
 export default function (config) {
   config.set({
@@ -13,19 +23,20 @@ export default function (config) {
     ],
     plugins: [...karmaBaseConf.plugins, 'karma-browserstack-launcher'],
     reporters: [...karmaBaseConf.reporters, 'BrowserStack'],
-    browsers: browserConfigurations.map((configuration) => configuration.sessionName),
-    concurrency: 5,
+    browsers: filteredConfigurations.map((configuration) => configuration.sessionName),
+    concurrency: filteredConfigurations.length,
     browserDisconnectTolerance: 3,
     captureTimeout: 2 * 60 * 1000,
     browserStack: {
       username: process.env.BS_USERNAME,
       accessKey: process.env.BS_ACCESS_KEY,
+      localIdentifier: process.env.BROWSERSTACK_LOCAL_IDENTIFIER,
       project: 'browser sdk unit',
       build: getBuildInfos(),
       video: false,
     },
     customLaunchers: Object.fromEntries(
-      browserConfigurations.map((configuration) => [
+      filteredConfigurations.map((configuration) => [
         configuration.sessionName,
         // See https://github.com/karma-runner/karma-browserstack-launcher#per-browser-options
         {