Update sphinx requirement in the dev-dependencies group

Updates the requirements on [sphinx](https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx) to permit the latest version.

Updates `sphinx` to 8.2.3
- [Release notes](https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/blob/master/CHANGES.rst)
- [Commits](sphinx-doc/sphinx@v0.1.61611...v8.2.3)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: sphinx
  dependency-type: direct:production
  dependency-group: dev-dependencies
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <[email protected]>

Author: dependabot[bot]

pyproject.toml

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ dev = [
     "pytest-json-report",
     "pytest-random-order",
     "ruff",
-    "sphinx<7.4.6",              #  pinned due to https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/issues/12660
+    "sphinx<8.1.4",              #  pinned due to https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/issues/12660
     "sphinx-autobuild",
     "sphinx-copybutton",
     "sphinxcontrib-mermaid",