fix(simulator): replay image-specific GCP TPM events

Author: kvinwang

dstack/dstack-types/src/lib.rs

@@ -1158,6 +1158,15 @@ pub struct TeeSimulatorConfig {
     /// the development NitroTPM simulator.
     #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
     pub aws_pcr_replay: Option<AwsPcrReplay>,
+    /// Image-specific GCP TPM event log replayed by the development simulator.
+    #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub gcp_tpm_replay: Option<GcpTpmReplay>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct GcpTpmReplay {
+    #[serde(with = "serde_human_bytes::base64")]
+    pub event_log: Vec<u8>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Deserialize, Serialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]

dstack/tee-simulator/src/tpm.rs

@@ -128,8 +128,13 @@ pub fn start_gcp_vtpm(runtime_dir: &Path, config: &TeeSimulatorConfig) -> Result
     if let Some(error) = startup_error {
         return Err(error).context("GCP vTPM did not become ready");
     }
-    replay_fixture_event_log()?;
-    install_fixture_event_log()?;
+    let replay = config
+        .gcp_tpm_replay
+        .as_ref()
+        .context("tee_simulator.gcp_tpm_replay is required for GCP")?;
+    validate_gcp_event_log(config, &replay.event_log)?;
+    replay_gcp_event_log(&replay.event_log)?;
+    install_gcp_event_log(&replay.event_log)?;
 
     let template_with_size = state_dir.join("ak.tpm2b-public");
     let generated_public = state_dir.join("ak.public");
@@ -216,26 +221,57 @@ pub fn start_gcp_vtpm(runtime_dir: &Path, config: &TeeSimulatorConfig) -> Result
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn replay_fixture_event_log() -> Result<()> {
-    let bytes = include_bytes!("../../cc-eventlog/samples/tpm_eventlog.bin");
-    let event_log = cc_eventlog::tpm::TpmEventLog::decode(&mut bytes.as_slice())?;
+fn validate_gcp_event_log(config: &TeeSimulatorConfig, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
+    let vm_config: dstack_types::VmConfig = serde_json::from_str(
+        config
+            .vm_config
+            .as_deref()
+            .context("tee_simulator.vm_config is required for GCP")?,
+    )?;
+    let expected = vm_config
+        .gcp_measurement
+        .as_ref()
+        .context("vm_config.gcp_measurement is required for GCP")?
+        .decode_measurement()
+        .map_err(anyhow::Error::msg)?
+        .uki_authenticode_sha256;
+    let event_log = cc_eventlog::tpm::TpmEventLog::decode(&mut bytes.as_ref())?;
+    let actual = event_log
+        .pcr2_events()
+        .get(2)
+        .context("GCP TPM event log is missing the UKI event")?
+        .digest
+        .clone();
+    anyhow::ensure!(
+        actual == expected,
+        "GCP TPM event-log UKI digest does not match measurement.gcp.cbor"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn replay_gcp_event_log(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
+    let event_log = cc_eventlog::tpm::TpmEventLog::decode(&mut bytes.as_ref())?;
     for event in event_log.events {
         let extension = format!("{}:sha256={}", event.pcr_index, hex::encode(event.digest));
         command("tpm2_pcrextend", &[&extension])?;
     }
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn install_fixture_event_log() -> Result<()> {
+fn install_gcp_event_log(bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
     let security_root = Path::new("/sys/kernel/security");
     let event_log = security_root.join("tpm0/binary_bios_measurements");
     if event_log.exists() {
+        anyhow::ensure!(
+            fs_err::read(&event_log)? == bytes,
+            "existing simulated TPM event log does not match the image"
+        );
         return Ok(());
     }
     let tpm_dir = event_log.parent().context("TPM event log has no parent")?;
     // securityfs does not permit userspace to create a synthetic TPM event
     // log hierarchy. Shadow it in this development-only guest before
-    // publishing the fixture that was replayed into the simulated PCRs.
+    // publishing the event log that was replayed into the simulated PCRs.
     let flags = nix::mount::MsFlags::MS_NOSUID
         | nix::mount::MsFlags::MS_NODEV
         | nix::mount::MsFlags::MS_NOEXEC;
@@ -249,14 +285,8 @@ fn install_fixture_event_log() -> Result<()> {
     .context("failed to mount simulated securityfs shadow")?;
     fs_err::create_dir_all(tpm_dir)
         .context("failed to create TPM event-log directory in securityfs shadow")?;
-    fs_err::write(
-        event_log,
-        include_bytes!("../../cc-eventlog/samples/tpm_eventlog.bin"),
-    )
-    .context("failed to install simulated TPM event log")?;
-    Ok(())
+    fs_err::write(event_log, bytes).context("failed to install simulated TPM event log")
 }
-
 fn create_tpm_device_node() -> Result<()> {
     if Path::new("/dev/tpm0").exists() {
         return Ok(());
@@ -586,6 +616,38 @@ fn set_nv_public_size(response: &mut [u8], size: usize) -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn gcp_event_log_is_bound_to_vm_measurement() {
+        let fixture = include_bytes!("../../cc-eventlog/samples/tpm_eventlog.bin");
+        let fixture_hash =
+            hex::decode("9ab14a46f858662a89adc102d2a57a13f52f75c1769d65a4c34edbbfc8855f0f")
+                .unwrap();
+        let image_hash = vec![0x5a; 32];
+        let offset = fixture
+            .windows(fixture_hash.len())
+            .position(|window| window == fixture_hash)
+            .unwrap();
+        let mut event_log = fixture.to_vec();
+        event_log[offset..offset + image_hash.len()].copy_from_slice(&image_hash);
+
+        let measurement = dstack_types::GcpOsImageMeasurement::new(image_hash).unwrap();
+        let document =
+            dstack_types::GcpOsImageMeasurementDocument::from_measurement(Vec::new(), measurement);
+        let mut config = TeeSimulatorConfig {
+            vm_config: Some(serde_json::json!({ "gcp_measurement": document }).to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        validate_gcp_event_log(&config, &event_log).unwrap();
+
+        config.vm_config = Some("{}".into());
+        assert!(validate_gcp_event_log(&config, &event_log).is_err());
+    }
+}
+
 fn nv_read_response(command: &[u8], contents: &[u8]) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
     anyhow::ensure!(command.len() >= 4, "truncated NV_Read command");
     let size = read_be_u16(

dstack/tests/e2e/attestation/run-platform.sh

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ mkdir -p /sys/kernel/config/tsm/report
 
 VM_CONFIG='{}'
 MR_CONFIG='{"version":3,"app_id":"","compose_hash":"","key_provider":"none"}'
+GCP_TPM_REPLAY=null
 if [[ "$TEE_PLATFORM" == dstack-tdx ]]; then
   VM_CONFIG=$(jq -c --arg variant "${TDX_ATTESTATION_VARIANT:?}" \
     '.vm_config | fromjson | .tdx_attestation_variant = $variant' \
@@ -33,6 +34,9 @@ elif [[ "$TEE_PLATFORM" == dstack-gcp-tdx ]]; then
     --arg checksum "$(base64 -w0 "$WORK/sha256sum.txt")" \
     --arg measurement "$(base64 -w0 "$WORK/measurement.gcp.cbor")" \
     '{os_image_hash:$os,gcp_measurement:{checksum_file:$checksum,measurement:$measurement}}')
+  GCP_TPM_REPLAY=$(jq -cn \
+    --arg event_log "$(base64 -w0 /usr/local/share/dstack/tpm_eventlog.bin)" \
+    '{event_log:$event_log}')
 elif [[ "$TEE_PLATFORM" == dstack-amd-sev-snp ]]; then
   jq -r .attestation /usr/local/share/dstack/sev-snp-attestation.json | xxd -r -p > "$WORK/snp-fixture.bin"
   dstack-util attest-json --input "$WORK/snp-fixture.bin" --output "$WORK/snp-fixture.json"
@@ -97,7 +101,8 @@ cat > "$SIM_CONFIG" <<JSON
   "mock_attestation_seed": "$SEED",
   "collateral_base_url": "http://127.0.0.1:18088",
   "mr_config": $(jq -Rn --arg value "$MR_CONFIG" '$value'),
-  "vm_config": $(jq -Rn --arg value "$VM_CONFIG" '$value')
+  "vm_config": $(jq -Rn --arg value "$VM_CONFIG" '$value'),
+  "gcp_tpm_replay": $GCP_TPM_REPLAY
 }
 JSON
 

dstack/vmm/src/app.rs

@@ -1362,6 +1362,12 @@ pub(crate) fn sync_tee_simulator_config(
         .map(serde_json::from_value)
         .transpose()
         .context("invalid aws_pcr_replay in vm_config")?;
+    simulator_config.gcp_tpm_replay = vm_config_value
+        .get("gcp_tpm_replay")
+        .cloned()
+        .map(serde_json::from_value)
+        .transpose()
+        .context("invalid gcp_tpm_replay in vm_config")?;
     simulator_config.vm_config = Some(sys_config.vm_config);
     fs::write(path, serde_json::to_vec(&simulator_config)?)
         .context("failed to write TEE simulator config")
@@ -1599,6 +1605,14 @@ fn make_vm_config(
         );
         config["aws_pcr_replay"] = serde_json::to_value(replay)?;
     }
+    if is_gcp_tdx {
+        config["gcp_tpm_replay"] = serde_json::to_value(
+            image
+                .gcp_tpm_replay
+                .as_ref()
+                .context("GCP TDX simulation requires measurement.gcp.eventlog.bin")?,
+        )?;
+    }
     if is_amd_sev_snp {
         if let Some(mr_config) = mr_config {
             MrConfigV3::from_document(&mr_config).context("Invalid mr_config document")?;
@@ -1806,7 +1820,7 @@ mod tests {
         };
         let mr_config = r#"{"version":3}"#;
         let vm_config = format!(
-            r#"{{"image":"dev","aws_pcr_replay":{{"version":1,"events":[],"pcr4":"{zero}","pcr7":"{zero}","pcr12":"{zero}"}}}}"#,
+            r#"{{"image":"dev","aws_pcr_replay":{{"version":1,"events":[],"pcr4":"{zero}","pcr7":"{zero}","pcr12":"{zero}"}},"gcp_tpm_replay":{{"event_log":"AQID"}}}}"#,
             zero = "00".repeat(48)
         );
         let sys_config = serde_json::json!({
@@ -1830,6 +1844,13 @@ mod tests {
             written.aws_pcr_replay.as_ref().map(|replay| replay.version),
             Some(1)
         );
+        assert_eq!(
+            written
+                .gcp_tpm_replay
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|replay| replay.event_log.as_slice()),
+            Some([1, 2, 3].as_slice())
+        );
 
         sync_tee_simulator_config(dir.path(), None, &sys_config)?;
         assert!(!dir.path().join(TEE_SIMULATOR_CONFIG).exists());
@@ -2123,6 +2144,7 @@ mod tests {
             gcp_measurement: None,
             aws_measurement: None,
             aws_pcr_replay: None,
+            gcp_tpm_replay: None,
         }
     }
 

dstack/vmm/src/app/image.rs

@@ -8,14 +8,15 @@ use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
 use anyhow::{bail, Context, Result};
 use dstack_types::{
-    AwsOsImageMeasurementDocument, AwsPcrReplay, GcpOsImageMeasurementDocument,
+    AwsOsImageMeasurementDocument, AwsPcrReplay, GcpOsImageMeasurementDocument, GcpTpmReplay,
     SevOsImageMeasurementDocument, TdxOsImageMeasurementDocument, GCP_MEASUREMENT_FILENAME,
     SNP_MEASUREMENT_FILENAME, TDX_MEASUREMENT_FILENAME,
 };
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 const AWS_MEASUREMENT_FILENAME: &str = "measurement.aws.cbor";
 const AWS_PCR_REPLAY_FILENAME: &str = "measurement.aws.replay.json";
+const GCP_TPM_EVENT_LOG_FILENAME: &str = "measurement.gcp.eventlog.bin";
 
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct ImageInfo {
@@ -89,6 +90,8 @@ pub struct Image {
     pub aws_measurement: Option<AwsOsImageMeasurementDocument>,
     /// AWS boot events consumed only by the development NitroTPM simulator.
     pub aws_pcr_replay: Option<AwsPcrReplay>,
+    /// GCP TPM event log consumed only by the development simulator.
+    pub gcp_tpm_replay: Option<GcpTpmReplay>,
 }
 
 impl Image {
@@ -185,6 +188,15 @@ impl Image {
         } else {
             None
         };
+        let gcp_event_log_path = base_path.join(GCP_TPM_EVENT_LOG_FILENAME);
+        let gcp_tpm_replay = if gcp_event_log_path.exists() {
+            Some(GcpTpmReplay {
+                event_log: fs::read(&gcp_event_log_path)
+                    .with_context(|| format!("failed to read {}", gcp_event_log_path.display()))?,
+            })
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
         if info.version.is_empty() {
             // Older images does not have version field. Fallback to the version of the image folder name
             info.version = guess_version(&base_path).unwrap_or_default();
@@ -203,6 +215,7 @@ impl Image {
             gcp_measurement,
             aws_measurement,
             aws_pcr_replay,
+            gcp_tpm_replay,
         }
         .ensure_exists()
     }

dstack/vmm/src/app/qemu.rs

@@ -1091,6 +1091,7 @@ mod tests {
                 gcp_measurement: None,
                 aws_measurement: None,
                 aws_pcr_replay: None,
+                gcp_tpm_replay: None,
             },
             cid: 100,
             workdir: PathBuf::from("/does-not-exist/vm-1"),

os/image/README.md

@@ -22,6 +22,12 @@ All measurement artifacts are listed in `sha256sum.txt`, so
 Deploy tooling (`dstack-cloud prepare`) only **embeds** these files into
 `VmConfig`; it must not recompute PCRs (that would change the image identity).
 
+Dev images additionally carry `measurement.gcp.eventlog.bin`, a GCP firmware
+event-log template with the assembled UKI Authenticode digest for the vTPM
+simulator. This simulator-only fixture is not generated for release images and
+is deliberately excluded from `sha256sum.txt`, so it does not affect the
+production `os_image_hash`.
+
 AWS PCR precompute requires a pinned host `nitro-tpm-pcr-compute` binary (Rust,
 [aws/NitroTPM-Tools](https://github.com/aws/NitroTPM-Tools)). Set
 `NITRO_TPM_PCR_COMPUTE_BIN` or install it on `PATH`, for example with

os/image/assemble.sh

@@ -500,6 +500,14 @@ if [[ "$UKI_CREATED" = "1" ]]; then
     fi
     echo "Generating measurement.gcp.cbor via ${DSTACK_MR_BIN}"
     "${DSTACK_MR_BIN}" gcp-measurement-cbor "${OUTPUT_DIR}/auth_hash.txt" > "${OUTPUT_DIR}/measurement.gcp.cbor"
+    if [[ "$IS_DEV" = "true" ]]; then
+        gcp_event_log_template="${GCP_TPM_EVENT_LOG_TEMPLATE:-$(dirname "$0")/../../dstack/cc-eventlog/samples/tpm_eventlog.bin}"
+        echo "Generating image-specific GCP TPM event log for the dev image"
+        python3 "$(dirname "$0")/gcp-tpm-eventlog.py" \
+            --template "$gcp_event_log_template" \
+            --uki-hash "${OUTPUT_DIR}/auth_hash.txt" \
+            --output "${OUTPUT_DIR}/measurement.gcp.eventlog.bin"
+    fi
     HAVE_MEASUREMENT_GCP=1
 fi
 
@@ -610,6 +618,9 @@ if [ "$DSTACK_TAR_RELEASE" = "1" ]; then
     fi
     if [ "$HAVE_MEASUREMENT_GCP" = "1" ]; then
         BARE_METAL_FILES+=(measurement.gcp.cbor)
+        if [[ "$IS_DEV" = "true" ]]; then
+            BARE_METAL_FILES+=(measurement.gcp.eventlog.bin)
+        fi
     fi
     if [ "$HAVE_MEASUREMENT_AWS" = "1" ]; then
         BARE_METAL_FILES+=(measurement.aws.cbor measurement.aws.replay.json)
@@ -626,6 +637,9 @@ if [ "$DSTACK_TAR_RELEASE" = "1" ]; then
         rm -rf "${IMAGE_TAR_UKI}"
         echo "Archiving UKI image to ${IMAGE_TAR_UKI}"
         UKI_FILES=(disk.raw digest.txt sha256sum.txt measurement.gcp.cbor measurement.aws.cbor measurement.aws.replay.json)
+        if [[ "$IS_DEV" = "true" ]]; then
+            UKI_FILES+=(measurement.gcp.eventlog.bin)
+        fi
         UKI_TAR_FILES=()
         for file in "${UKI_FILES[@]}"; do
             UKI_TAR_FILES+=("$TAR_DIR_NAME/$file")

os/image/gcp-tpm-eventlog.py

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026 Phala Network
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+"""Bind the GCP TPM event-log template to an assembled UKI."""
+
+import argparse
+from pathlib import Path
+
+FIXTURE_UKI_HASH = bytes.fromhex(
+    "9ab14a46f858662a89adc102d2a57a13f52f75c1769d65a4c34edbbfc8855f0f"
+)
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """Generate an image-specific event log from the GCP template."""
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    parser.add_argument("--template", type=Path, required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--uki-hash", type=Path, required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--output", type=Path, required=True)
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    uki_hash = bytes.fromhex(args.uki_hash.read_text().strip())
+    if len(uki_hash) != 32:
+        raise SystemExit("GCP UKI Authenticode hash must be SHA-256")
+
+    event_log = args.template.read_bytes()
+    occurrences = event_log.count(FIXTURE_UKI_HASH)
+    if occurrences != 1:
+        raise SystemExit(
+            f"expected one UKI digest in GCP event-log template, found {occurrences}"
+        )
+    args.output.write_bytes(event_log.replace(FIXTURE_UKI_HASH, uki_hash, 1))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()