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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>GRPO, slowly</title>
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Bricolage+Grotesque:opsz,wght@12..96,600;12..96,800&family=Space+Grotesk:wght@400;500;700&family=Space+Mono:wght@400;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<style>
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.box{
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/* ---------- end ---------- */
.recap{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px;margin-top:34px;max-width:34ch}
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}
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html{scroll-behavior:auto}
*{animation:none!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important}
.rv{opacity:1;transform:none}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<!-- HERO -->
<section class="panel">
<div class="wrap">
<p class="eyebrow" style="margin-bottom:14px">How a language model gets better</p>
<h1 class="hero-mark">G<span>R</span>PO</h1>
<p class="hero-expand">Group · Relative · Policy · Optimization</p>
<p class="hero-line">The model answers the same question <em>many times</em>, then learns from which tries went best.</p>
</div>
<div class="scroll-cue"><i></i> scroll</div>
</section>
<!-- 1 ASK -->
<section class="panel">
<div class="wrap">
<p class="eyebrow rv"><b>1</b> Ask</p>
<h2 class="big rv" data-d="1">One question.</h2>
<div class="stage rv" data-d="2">
<div class="bubble"><div class="q">17 × 24 = ?</div></div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- 2 GROUP -->
<section class="panel">
<div class="wrap">
<p class="eyebrow rv"><b>2</b> Answer</p>
<h2 class="big rv" data-d="1">Eight tries.<br>That's the <span style="color:var(--rise)">group</span>.</h2>
<div class="stage rv" data-d="2">
<div class="fan">
<div class="card"><span class="n">TRY 1</span><span class="v">408</span></div>
<div class="card"><span class="n">TRY 2</span><span class="v">408</span></div>
<div class="card"><span class="n">TRY 3</span><span class="v">391</span></div>
<div class="card"><span class="n">TRY 4</span><span class="v">408</span></div>
<div class="card"><span class="n">TRY 5</span><span class="v">428</span></div>
<div class="card"><span class="n">TRY 6</span><span class="v">408</span></div>
<div class="card"><span class="n">TRY 7</span><span class="v">358</span></div>
<div class="card"><span class="n">TRY 8</span><span class="v">408</span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- 3 SCORE -->
<section class="panel">
<div class="wrap">
<p class="eyebrow rv"><b>3</b> Score</p>
<h2 class="big rv" data-d="1">Mark each one.</h2>
<div class="stage rv" data-d="2">
<div class="fan">
<div class="card ok"><span class="n">TRY 1</span><span class="v">408</span><span class="mark">✓ 10</span></div>
<div class="card ok"><span class="n">TRY 2</span><span class="v">408</span><span class="mark">✓ 10</span></div>
<div class="card no"><span class="n">TRY 3</span><span class="v">391</span><span class="mark">✗ 0</span></div>
<div class="card ok"><span class="n">TRY 4</span><span class="v">408</span><span class="mark">✓ 10</span></div>
<div class="card no"><span class="n">TRY 5</span><span class="v">428</span><span class="mark">✗ 0</span></div>
<div class="card ok"><span class="n">TRY 6</span><span class="v">408</span><span class="mark">✓ 10</span></div>
<div class="card no"><span class="n">TRY 7</span><span class="v">358</span><span class="mark">✗ 0</span></div>
<div class="card ok"><span class="n">TRY 8</span><span class="v">408</span><span class="mark">✓ 10</span></div>
</div>
<p class="sub" style="max-width:30ch">No human needed. A calculator can check maths. A test can check code.</p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- 4 THE IDEA -->
<section class="panel">
<div class="wrap">
<p class="eyebrow rv"><b>4</b> Compare — the whole idea</p>
<h2 class="big rv" data-d="1">Draw the average.</h2>
<div class="stage rv" data-d="2">
<div class="chart" id="chart" aria-hidden="true"></div>
<div class="chart-foot">
<span class="key k-up"><i></i> Above average → do more of this</span>
<span class="key k-down"><i></i> Below average → do less of this</span>
<button class="roll" id="roll">New question</button>
</div>
<p class="sub" style="max-width:32ch">Each answer is judged against its own group. That word — <b style="color:var(--ink)">relative</b> — is the R in GRPO.</p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- 5 NUDGE -->
<section class="panel">
<div class="wrap">
<p class="eyebrow rv"><b>5</b> Nudge</p>
<h2 class="big rv" data-d="1">Tilt the model.</h2>
<div class="stage rv" data-d="2">
<div class="nudge">
<div style="display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:12px">
<div class="pill up">Winners ↑ more likely</div>
<div class="pill down">Losers ↓ less likely</div>
</div>
<div class="arrows"><span class="a-up">→</span><span class="a-down">→</span></div>
<div class="brain">THE MODEL<br><span style="font-family:var(--mono);font-weight:400;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.12em;opacity:.75">slightly rewired</span></div>
</div>
<p class="sub" style="max-width:31ch">Small steps only. It must stay close to the model it started as, or it forgets how to talk.</p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- 6 LOOP -->
<section class="panel">
<div class="wrap">
<p class="eyebrow rv"><b>6</b> Repeat</p>
<h2 class="big rv" data-d="1">Again. And again.</h2>
<div class="stage rv loopwrap" data-d="2">
<svg viewBox="0 0 420 300" role="img" aria-label="A loop: ask, answer eight times, score, compare, nudge, repeat">
<defs>
<marker id="ah" markerWidth="9" markerHeight="9" refX="6" refY="4.5" orient="auto">
<path d="M0,0 L9,4.5 L0,9 z" fill="#0B8F6C"/>
</marker>
</defs>
<ellipse cx="210" cy="150" rx="120" ry="96" fill="none" stroke="#0D1E29" stroke-width="2.5" stroke-dasharray="8 8" opacity=".35"/>
<path d="M210 54 A120 96 0 0 1 318 108" fill="none" stroke="#0B8F6C" stroke-width="3.5" marker-end="url(#ah)"/>
<path d="M330 150 A120 96 0 0 1 250 243" fill="none" stroke="#0B8F6C" stroke-width="3.5" marker-end="url(#ah)"/>
<path d="M170 243 A120 96 0 0 1 90 150" fill="none" stroke="#0B8F6C" stroke-width="3.5" marker-end="url(#ah)"/>
<path d="M102 108 A120 96 0 0 1 190 55" fill="none" stroke="#0B8F6C" stroke-width="3.5" marker-end="url(#ah)"/>
<g text-anchor="middle">
<text class="loop-t" x="210" y="44">ask</text>
<text class="loop-t" x="352" y="155">answer ×8</text>
<text class="loop-t" x="210" y="266">score</text>
<text class="loop-t" x="62" y="155">nudge</text>
<text class="loop-n" x="210" y="145">millions</text>
<text class="loop-t" x="210" y="168">of times</text>
</g>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- 7 WHY -->
<section class="panel">
<div class="wrap">
<p class="eyebrow rv">Why people like it</p>
<h2 class="big rv" data-d="1">It fired the judge.</h2>
<div class="stage rv" data-d="2">
<div class="vs">
<div class="box old">
<h3>The older way</h3>
<div class="chip">The model</div>
<div class="chip ghost strike">A second AI, trained just to guess how good an answer is</div>
<p class="tiny">Twice the machines. Twice the cost.</p>
</div>
<div class="box">
<h3>GRPO</h3>
<div class="chip solid">The model</div>
<div class="chip" style="border-color:var(--rise);color:var(--rise)">The group's average does the judging — free</div>
<p class="tiny">One model. Less memory. Same lesson.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<!-- END -->
<section class="panel" style="min-height:auto">
<div class="wrap">
<h2 class="big rv">That's GRPO.</h2>
<div class="recap rv" data-d="1">
<div><b>01</b> Ask once.</div>
<div><b>02</b> Answer many times.</div>
<div><b>03</b> Score them.</div>
<div><b>04</b> Beat the group average? Do more of that.</div>
<div><b>05</b> Repeat.</div>
</div>
<footer>Used to train reasoning models like DeepSeek-R1</footer>
</div>
</section>
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