|
| 1 | +# Fels programming language documentation |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +## Write you first program |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +to write first program write code: |
| 6 | +``` |
| 7 | +println("Hello,world!") |
| 8 | +``` |
| 9 | + |
| 10 | +## Comment you code! |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +``` |
| 13 | +//one line comment |
| 14 | +/* |
| 15 | +This is multiline comment |
| 16 | +*/ |
| 17 | +``` |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | +## Variables |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +to set new variable write: |
| 22 | +``` |
| 23 | +name = "Tom" |
| 24 | +age = 60 |
| 25 | +
|
| 26 | +println("Name is "+name+", age: "+age) |
| 27 | +``` |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +## Variable types |
| 30 | + |
| 31 | +``` |
| 32 | +a = 60//NUMBER |
| 33 | +b = "NAME"//STRING |
| 34 | +c = func(a,b) = 2//FUNCTION |
| 35 | +d = [1,2,3]//Array |
| 36 | +//And more |
| 37 | +``` |
| 38 | + |
| 39 | +## I/O |
| 40 | + |
| 41 | +This is I/O example |
| 42 | + |
| 43 | +``` |
| 44 | +println("asdf")//Write text to console |
| 45 | +print("adsf")//Write text to console with out refactoring to new line |
| 46 | +
|
| 47 | +//INPUT |
| 48 | +
|
| 49 | +using ["fels.io.scanner"]//Import scanner module |
| 50 | +
|
| 51 | +a = scanner.readNum()//Read number from console |
| 52 | +println(a)//write variable a to console |
| 53 | +
|
| 54 | +``` |
| 55 | + |
| 56 | +## Logical gates |
| 57 | + |
| 58 | +This is basic logical gates: |
| 59 | + |
| 60 | +``` |
| 61 | +println(true or false) |
| 62 | +println(true || false) |
| 63 | +
|
| 64 | +println(true and false) |
| 65 | +println(true && false) |
| 66 | +
|
| 67 | +println(not true) |
| 68 | +println(!true) |
| 69 | +``` |
| 70 | + |
| 71 | +Logical operators: |
| 72 | + |
| 73 | +``` |
| 74 | +a = true |
| 75 | +b = false |
| 76 | +
|
| 77 | +if(a){ |
| 78 | + if(a == b){ |
| 79 | + println("?a == b: "+a==b) |
| 80 | + }else{ |
| 81 | + println("logical else") |
| 82 | + } |
| 83 | +} |
| 84 | +``` |
| 85 | + |
| 86 | +## User-Defined functions |
| 87 | + |
| 88 | +### User-defined functions basics |
| 89 | + |
| 90 | +Create you function: |
| 91 | + |
| 92 | +``` |
| 93 | +func out(text){ |
| 94 | + println(text) |
| 95 | +} |
| 96 | +``` |
| 97 | + |
| 98 | +Call you function: |
| 99 | + |
| 100 | +``` |
| 101 | +out("Hello,Fels!") |
| 102 | +``` |
| 103 | + |
| 104 | +### Extended User-defined functions |
| 105 | + |
| 106 | +Let's add return to you function: |
| 107 | + |
| 108 | +``` |
| 109 | +func a(){ |
| 110 | + return "a" |
| 111 | +} |
| 112 | +println(a())//a |
| 113 | +
|
| 114 | +//or use "speed form" |
| 115 | +
|
| 116 | +func a() = "a" |
| 117 | +println(a())//a |
| 118 | +``` |
| 119 | + |
| 120 | +### Link to function |
| 121 | + |
| 122 | +Write this code: |
| 123 | + |
| 124 | +``` |
| 125 | +//LINK NOT EXECUTE YOU FUNCTION |
| 126 | +
|
| 127 | +func a() = 2 |
| 128 | +printn(a())//2 |
| 129 | +
|
| 130 | +println(::a)//nothink output |
| 131 | +
|
| 132 | +``` |
| 133 | + |
| 134 | +## Loops |
| 135 | + |
| 136 | +### Basic loops |
| 137 | + |
| 138 | +While loop: |
| 139 | + |
| 140 | +``` |
| 141 | +a = 0 |
| 142 | +while(a < 10){ |
| 143 | + println("a = "+a) |
| 144 | + a++ |
| 145 | +} |
| 146 | +``` |
| 147 | + |
| 148 | +For loop: |
| 149 | + |
| 150 | +``` |
| 151 | +for(i = 0,i < 10,i++){ |
| 152 | + println("i = "+i) |
| 153 | +} |
| 154 | +``` |
| 155 | + |
| 156 | +### Extended loops |
| 157 | + |
| 158 | +For-each loop: |
| 159 | + |
| 160 | +``` |
| 161 | +array = [1,2,3,4,5] |
| 162 | +
|
| 163 | +for(el : array){ |
| 164 | + println(el) |
| 165 | +} |
| 166 | +``` |
| 167 | + |
| 168 | +Range(python like) loop: |
| 169 | + |
| 170 | +``` |
| 171 | +range(5){ |
| 172 | + println("This is range loop!") |
| 173 | +} |
| 174 | +``` |
| 175 | + |
| 176 | +Loop(rust like) loop: |
| 177 | + |
| 178 | +``` |
| 179 | +a = 10 |
| 180 | +loop{ |
| 181 | + if(a == 10) break |
| 182 | + println("a = "+a) |
| 183 | + a++ |
| 184 | +} |
| 185 | +``` |
| 186 | + |
| 187 | +## OOP |
| 188 | + |
| 189 | +Write you first class: |
| 190 | + |
| 191 | +``` |
| 192 | +class Test{ |
| 193 | + func Test(){}//CONSTRUCTOR |
| 194 | + |
| 195 | + func getASDF() = "asdf" |
| 196 | +} |
| 197 | +``` |
| 198 | + |
| 199 | +Create object of you class: |
| 200 | + |
| 201 | +``` |
| 202 | +obj = new Test() |
| 203 | +println(obj.getASDF())//asdf |
| 204 | +``` |
| 205 | + |
| 206 | +This keyword: |
| 207 | + |
| 208 | +``` |
| 209 | +class Vehicle{ |
| 210 | + func Vehicle(speed){ |
| 211 | + this.speed = spedd |
| 212 | + } |
| 213 | + |
| 214 | + func getSpeed() = this.speed |
| 215 | + |
| 216 | + func setSpeed(speed){ |
| 217 | + this.speed = speed |
| 218 | + } |
| 219 | +} |
| 220 | +
|
| 221 | +car = new Vehicle(60) |
| 222 | +car.setSpeed(65) |
| 223 | +println(car.getSeed())//65 |
| 224 | +``` |
| 225 | +## Extended operators |
| 226 | + |
| 227 | +Create extended operator: |
| 228 | + |
| 229 | +``` |
| 230 | +`a b c d` = 2 |
| 231 | +println(`a b c d`)//2 |
| 232 | +``` |
| 233 | + |
| 234 | +## Arrays |
| 235 | + |
| 236 | +### 1D arrays |
| 237 | + |
| 238 | +Create you first array: |
| 239 | + |
| 240 | +``` |
| 241 | +arr = [1,2,3,4,5] |
| 242 | +println(arr)//[1,2,3,4,5] |
| 243 | +``` |
| 244 | + |
| 245 | +Using in for-each: |
| 246 | + |
| 247 | +``` |
| 248 | +for(el : arr){ |
| 249 | + print(el) |
| 250 | +} |
| 251 | +//12345 |
| 252 | +``` |
| 253 | + |
| 254 | +Changing array item: |
| 255 | + |
| 256 | +``` |
| 257 | +arr = [1,2,3,4,5] |
| 258 | +
|
| 259 | +arr[1] = "asdf" |
| 260 | +println(arr[1])//asdf |
| 261 | +``` |
| 262 | + |
| 263 | +Creating empty array: |
| 264 | + |
| 265 | +``` |
| 266 | +using ["fels.utils.arrays"] |
| 267 | +
|
| 268 | +arr = arrsay(5) |
| 269 | +arr[0] = 1 |
| 270 | +println(arr[0])//1 |
| 271 | +``` |
| 272 | + |
| 273 | +Append array: |
| 274 | + |
| 275 | +``` |
| 276 | +arr1 = [1,2] |
| 277 | +arr2 = [3,4] |
| 278 | +
|
| 279 | +arr3 = arr1 :: arr2 |
| 280 | +println(arr3)//[1,2,3,4] |
| 281 | +``` |
| 282 | + |
| 283 | +## 2D and more arrays |
| 284 | + |
| 285 | +You can yse all functions and methods from 1D arrays |
| 286 | + |
| 287 | +Create 2D arrays |
| 288 | + |
| 289 | +``` |
| 290 | +arr = [1,2,"3",[1,2,"asdf"]] |
| 291 | +
|
| 292 | +println(arr[4][2]) |
| 293 | +``` |
| 294 | + |
| 295 | +Or you can create array using array module |
| 296 | + |
| 297 | +``` |
| 298 | +using ["fels.utils.arrays"] |
| 299 | +
|
| 300 | +arr5 = array(4, 4) |
| 301 | +println(arr5) |
| 302 | +arr5[1] = arr1 |
| 303 | +println(arr5) |
| 304 | +``` |
| 305 | + |
| 306 | +## Map type |
| 307 | + |
| 308 | +Create new map |
| 309 | + |
| 310 | +``` |
| 311 | +map = { |
| 312 | + "key":"value" |
| 313 | +} |
| 314 | +
|
| 315 | +println(map["key"]) |
| 316 | +println(map.key) |
| 317 | +``` |
| 318 | + |
| 319 | +Changing map values: |
| 320 | + |
| 321 | +``` |
| 322 | +map = { |
| 323 | + "key":"value" |
| 324 | +} |
| 325 | +
|
| 326 | +println(map["key"]) |
| 327 | +println(map.key) |
| 328 | +
|
| 329 | +map1["newkey"] = "newvalue" |
| 330 | +map1[0] = "zero" |
| 331 | +x = 400 |
| 332 | +map1[x] = [1, 2, 3] |
| 333 | +println( map1) |
| 334 | +``` |
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