Genalphid Language

This file is now deprecated as we move on to https://fishlandicfishy.github.io/genalphid-database.

Genalphid is a term I have coined to refer to people within Generation Alpha.

The Genalphid Language is spoken by the Genalphids. Not to be confused with "Genalphid English", the Genalphid dialect of English.

It refers to the midpoint of the two extremes of Genalphid speech: Pure screaming and Cantonese/Putonghua/English/Any other language. This means that neither screaming nor any other language would be considered the Genalphid Language.

It is previously falsely determined to be a language isolate, but further research shows that it is influenced primarily by Cantonese, English, and Putonghua. Other influences include other dialects of Chinese.

Research on the Genalphid Language is still ongoing. Many of the words, its grammar, and its full phonology are yet to be deciphered.

When contributing, it is recommended to use the optimised keyboard layout.

TL;DR because you have a low attention span

The Genalphid Language is babyspeak, but it is scientifically proven to mean stuff

Phonology

Consonants	bilabial	labiodental	post-alveolar	alveolar	alveolo-palatal	palatal	velar	uvular	glottal
nasal	m	ɱ		n			ŋ
stop	b p			d t			ɡ k		ʔ
fricative		f	ʃ	s z	ɕ		x	χ	h
tap/flap				ɾ
approximant	w	v		ɹ		j	(w)
lateral				l

Vowels	front	central	back
close	i y		u ɯ
near-close	ɪ		ʊ
close-mid			o
mid		ə ɚ
open-mid	ɛ		ɔ
open	a		ɑ
near-open	æ	ɐ

Vocabulary

Below is a list of terms of the Genalphid language.

a

*ãː˧˥
*ã˦ã˧aː˥ꜛ
*a˨ʔa˧
*a˨ʔa˥
*a˥ʔa˦˥ma˦ma˥
*aː˨ʔɛ˨ni˨
*a˥ʔɛ˥ʔi˥la˧
*a˥ʔɛ˩tɔ˥ʔai˨˥ʔawɔ˥zɔ˨wɔ˨sɛ˥ji˨ja˧
*aːːaː˨baː˨
*a˦ba˦
*aː˥baː˨
*a˥baɪ˨˥ja˨
*aː˨bɔ˥˨
- often repeated multiple times
- rhythmic: (2/4) |♩♩|
*a˥bɛ˨lɛ˨ʔi˧da˩
*a˨daɪ˨˥
*a˨daɪ˨hua˨
*a˨da˥ja˧di˧
*a˨dɛ˥a˨˥bɛ˨zɔŋ˦jɛ˨˥a˨
*a˨di˥bɔ˧bɔ˨
*a˨˥di˥na˨a˨ja˩˦
*a˨do˥na˨ɲaʔ˨
*a˥du˨su˦ju˦
- often repeated multiple times
*a˨du˥wɔ˧
*a˧ʔɛ˨bi˨jaː˨˩
- bye
*a˨ə˥
- exclamation
*a˥fa˨˥
- exclamation
- possibly related to *a˥ma˨˥
*a˧ɡa˥ji˨nɛ˦da˦˩
*a˦˧ɡja˨˦
- often repeated multiple times
*a˥ɡoʊ˨
*a˧ha˥mi˨
*a˨hɛ˥hɛ˥˨
- "How many stations left?" (railway)
- not to be confused with Navajo "ahéhee' "
*a˨˥ja˧
*a˥jaʔ˨
*a˥ja˨a˩ɛ˥
*a˥ja˧bɛ˥kɛɪ˩sy˥jy˨˥
*a˨ja˥dɛ˨
- *a˨ja˥- prefix?
*aː˥˨ja˥diʔ˧
*a˦ja˨ɛ˧
*a˨ja˥ʔaɪ˥ʔa˥ʔa˨˥˨
- *a˨ja˥- prefix?
*a˥˨jɛ˨˥bi˥˩
*a˥ji˨ɡa˥ba˧
*a˥ji˨nə˨naː˥
*a˥ji˧sa˥˨
*a˥la˩ma˥ji˥
*a˥laʊː˧
*a˥lan˨
*a˨lɛː˨
- related to *a˥zɛː˨
*a˥lɛ˨ɔ˥˨
*a˨li˥da˩
*a˨ljɔ˨fu˧wɔ˩
*a˨loʊ˥la˨
- 39 days or 39 seconds
  - (days and seconds are synonymous)
*a˥lɔː˧
- (but) there's no
- from Cantonese 都冇
*a˥˨lɔ˨a˨
*a˩lɔ˥ly˥
- (platonic) "ily" (see *lɔ˥)
*a˥ma˨˥
- exclamation
- alternate form: *a˥mã˨˥ (nasalised)
- more than one reported usage
- possibly related to *a˥fa˨˥
*aː˧maː˨maː˥
*a˨ma˥nɛ˩
*a˩˨mɛ˨nji˨
*a˥mɛ˥ɔ˨˥˨
*a˥mɛɪ˨ɡɔ˨˥ɡɔ˧
- possibly related to *a˧mi˦ɡɔ˥ɡɔ˦
*a˧mi˦ɡɔ˥ɡɔ˦
- possibly related to *a˥mɛɪ˨ɡɔ˨˥ɡɔ˧
*a˥mjɛn˥˨la˨˥di˨˥
*a˥na˥jɛs˥ta˩
*a˨na˩na˥ɡɛ˨taʊ˨
*a˥˨na˨pɔ˥pɔ˨˥
*a˥nɛ˨ə˩a˨˥
*a˥nɪŋ˨dən˩
*a˨ŋʲa˦
*a˨˥ɲaʊ˥˨
*a˧ɔ˧mɛɪ˨˥taɪ˧
*a˥saʊ˩a˨
*a˥sɛ˥sɛ˥˨
*a˨ʃi˥da˨la˨
- followed by *bi˥jaʔ˧
*a˩ʔɔ˧ʔɪ˥ja˦
*a˨˥wa˨
- vaguely rising then falling tone
*a˨wa˥
- exclamation
- vaguely rising tone
*a˥wa˥˨
- vaguely falling tone
*a˨wi˨˥jɛ˨jɛ˥
*a˨wi˥waɪ˨˥wɔ˨
*ax˧ʃʷa˥
*a˧za˧zə˧zə˧a˩wa˥ji˩ɔ˩
*a˨ʑʲa˥˨ma˨
*a˥za˧da˨ʔi˥da˧
*a˨za˨ji˥
*a˨za˨˥ku˨˥zã˨
*a˥zɛː˨
- related to *a˨lɛː˨
*aɪ˥˧
*aɪ˥bɔ˦
- exclamation
*aɪ˧bu˥
*aɪ˥˨da˨˥nja˨˥
*aɪ˥dɛɪ˨˥
*aɪ˥dɔ˨˥
*aɪ˥ɛ˨
*aɪ˥ɚ˨
*aɪ˨ja˥
*aɪː˧˨ja˨
- response: *aʊ˨˦wa˨
*aɪ˨˥ja˧wãː˧
*aɪ˥lɛʔ˧
*aɪ˨˥maɪ˥ŋuɪ˨ŋɔ˨ŋæ˩
*aɪ˨˥na˩
*aɪ˥na˧ɡi˨ɡɔ˨
*aɪ˥ŋaɪ˨
*aɪ˥ŋu˦ŋa˨
*am˨˥
- "three" from Cantonese "三"
*aʊ˨˥aɪ˨
*aʊ˩da˥
*aʊ˥wæ˨
*aʊ˥˨wɔ˨
- exclamation

æ

*æ˥bæ̃˩
*æ˥bæj˨hɛj˨
*æ˨˥naʊ˨˥naʊ˨
*æd˥bɔː˧

ɐ

*ɐ̃˨lɐ̃w̃˨ɐ̃˨˦

b

*ba˨˥
- alternate form: *ba˥˨
*ba˥ba˧˩
- exclamation
*ba˧ba˨bã˥
*ba˨ba˨ba˨ba˨ba˨ba˨
- often repeated multiple times
- probably related to *bæb˥bæ˧bæ˩bæb˨ and *bi˥bi˥bib˥
*bæ˧
- exclamation
*bæ˨bæ˨bæ˨oʊ˨˥ɚ˨˥æ˨
*bæ˧ja˧
*bæ˧lɔ˨hɔ˨˥
*bæʔ˧ki˧jaː˨
*bæb˥bæ˧bæ˩bæb˨
- more than one recorded usage
- often repeated multiple times
*bɛ˥bɛ˥a˧doŋ˨
*bɛ˨bɛ˨bɛ˧
*bɛɪ˨˥wɔ˨di˥
*bə˥lə˨
*bi˥bi˥bib˥
- more than one recorded usage
- often repeated multiple times
*bi˥bi˥ma˥ɡɔ˨
*bi˥jaʔ˧
- often repeated multiple times
- preceded with *a˨ʃi˥da˨la˨
*biœː˥
- related with *bi˥bi˥bib˥
- last syllable when using *bi˥bi˥bib˥
*bjaŋ˦˨
*blæʔ˥
- flat (music note)
- antonym of *ʃɔʔ˧
*bo˥ba˩
- hug (from Chinese "抱吧")
*bɔ˥bɔ˥bɔ˥
- ping-pong ball (from Cantonese "乒乓波")
*bɔ˥dɛʔ˨
*bɾa˨san˥˨san˥
*bu˧bu˨bu˩ː˥bu˨bu˩bu˦
- often repeated multiple times
*bu˨bu˨ɡa˥lə˨dɛɪ˩

ɕ

*ɕɪa˥˩

d

*da˨˥
- exclamation
- often repeated multiple times
- alternate forms:
  - *daʊ˨˥
  - *ja˨˥
- probably relating to tennis
- probably from Cantonese or Putonghua "打"
*da˥ʔa˨˥˨
*da˥ꜛda˥ꜛ
*da˥da˦da˧da˨daː˩
*da˨da˨da˨da˥di˨du˨
*da˨da˥ɡa˥ba˥
*da˥dɛ˥ho˥lɛ˩
*da˨˥wɔ˧ɔ˨˥dɚɪ˨
*da˥ʔa˧
*daɪ˨tɕʲɛ˦
*das˥nɔʔ˥pɔa˥˧
*dɑː˨dɑː˧dɑː˦
- presumably "I want my dad (to)" based on context
*dɑː˦dɑː˧
- presumably "(to) return west" based on context
*da˧˦mi˨da˥˨
*da˨mi˥na˨tɔ˩ŋjɔ˨˥
*da˧.zi˥.m̩˩.ji˥
*da˥˨ʔa˨˥
- often repeated multiple times
*dɛ˥bi˨dɛ˥
*dɛ˧dɛ˥bɛ˦ja˨
*dəː˥də˧də˦dəː˧dəː˨
- often repeated multiple times
*də˨doʊ˨˥moʊ˨˥
*dəd˨dəd˨də˥
- rhythmic: (4/4) |♫♩♫♩|
- often repeated multiple times
*də˧.doʊ˧˥.bɔ˧
- could be related to *doʊ˨˥
*də˥ɡoʊ˥doʊ˥
*dəʊ˨dəʊ˥
- "dance" (v)
*di˦di˨jɑː˨
*dɛn˥do˨
- onomatopoeia of an Empty R door opening (best example I could find)
- often repeated multiple times
- synonym of *dɪŋ˥doʊ˨
- antonym of *dy˨dy˨dyd˨
*dɪŋ˥doʊ˨
- onomatopoeia of an Empty R door opening
- often repeated multiple times
- synonym of *dɛn˥do˨
- antonym of *dy˨dy˨dyd˨
*doʊ˨˥
*doʊ˨˥ʔa˨
- could be related to *doʊ˨˥
*doʊ˥doʊ˥
- often repeated multiple times
*dɔː˨
- "go"¹
*dɔ˨˥sɔ˨˥bin˩do˥
*du˨bi˥shə˩
- possibly "Where are we going?" (到邊處？)
*du˨wɔ˨˥ji˨˩
*dy˨dy˨dyd˨
- onomatopoeia of an Empty R door closing (best example I could find)
- often repeated multiple times
- antonym of *dɛn˥do˨ and *dɪŋ˥doʊ˨

ə

*ə˦
*əʔ˨
- related to *iʔ˨
- exclaimed when writing something down
- often repeated multiple times
*ə˨˥ʔə˨˥ja˧
*ə˨la˥a˧la˥
*ə˨ləɪ˨ʔa˥ʔəŋ˥
*ə˥lɛ˥
- exclamation
- often repeated multiple times
*ə˨pɔ˨˥
- grandma
- borrowed from Cantonese "阿婆"
*əmˌː˩
- om | ॐ
*ən˥wɛɪ˥

ɛ

*ɛ˥
- exclamation
*ɛ˧
- "two" from Chinese "二"
*ɛ˥˩
- often repeated multiple times
*ɛ˥bə˥bə˨
*ɛ˨˥boɪ˥jɛ˨˥
*ɛ˥˨ɡɔ˨ba˨˦
*ɛ˧hɔ˩hɔ˥dɛ˧˩
*ɛ˥ja˧na˩dɛ˧ja˩
*ɛ˧jaʊ˧ɡiː˨
*ɛ˥jɔ˨ba˨jɛ˨˥
*ɛ˨jɔ˦fu˥˩
*ɛ˨jɔ˨ɡa˦ɡa˧mi˥ta˦
*ɛ˨ka˥bɛ˨˦fu
*ɛ˥ja˨ɔ˨˥a˨
*ɛ˥jɛ˥wan˥be˧
*ɛ˧lə˧dɑ˧
- exclamation
- shouted when one trips
*ɛ˧maɪ˨˥na˩
*ɛ˨man˧ŋu˥
*ɛ˥maʊ˩
*ɛ˧mɛ˧ɲa˥
*ɛ˨mə˨zoʊ˩a˨
*ɛ˥mi˨da˧
*ɛ˨mi˥to˥dad˥di˨˥
*ɛ˨˥mo˥jə˥
*ɛ˨na˨bɛ˨sa˧
*ɛ˥na˨zu˩zu˥ba˨
*ɛ˥ni˧njɛ˨njɛ˨
*ɛ˥ŋa˥ŋa˨˥
*ɛ˥ɔ˧lu˦da˩
*ɛ˧sɔ˥ɡɔ˨bɔ˨
*ɛː˥ꜛʃː
*ɛ˨ta˥ma˩ma˥
*ɛ˧wə˧da˩
*ɛ˧wɔ˧
*ɛ˨wɔ˥
*ɛ˥ʔɔ˥
*ɛɪ˨ɛɪ˥di˥jaʊ˩
*ɛɪ˥saʔ˥da˧jɔ˥
*ɛɪ˨u˥wɔ˩aʊ˨˥
*ɛl˥ji˨

f

*fan˨˥sə˩la˨
*fɛɪ˧ɡɛɪ˧ɡɛɪ˥
- aeroplane/airplane
*fɛɪ˨taʊ˥˩
- accompanied by repeating *tu˨
*foʊ˥.saʊ˨˥

ɡ

*ɡa˥bʲɛ˨˥xʲa˥ji˨zœ˨
*ɡa˨da˨˥
- a noun
*ɡa˨la˥ɡɔ˨lɔ˨sɛ˥ja˥
*ɡa˨˥n̩˨ja˧ɛɪ˨˥a˥ja˩
*ɡa˥zi˩ba˥
*ɡɛ˨˥da˥wa˧
*ɡɛɪ˨˥ɡaʊ˩jaʊ˩
- "a few pieces of this"
- *ɡɛɪ˨˥ɡaʊ˩ means "a few pieces" borrowed from Cantonese "幾舊"
- *jaʊ˩ meaning unknown
*ɡə˥bəɪ˥
- probably a generic exclamation
*ɡə˨doʊ˥fɔŋ˨
*ɡə˨ɡə˥jiw˧(ə˧)
- probably "we have arrived"
*ɡə˨ləb˧
*ɡi˦
*ɡi˧ɡi˧ɡɛʔ˧
*ɡiʊ˨səʊ˨˥ɡəb˥tsiʊ˥toʊ˩
*ɡjaʔ˥ɡja˨
- often repeated several times
*ɡo˧bɛ˧
- often repeated several times
*ɡo˨bi˧ta˥mɛ˧ja˨
*ɡo˦di˥
*ɡo˧li˧˨
*ɡɔ˥vɔ˧˩
*ɡoʊ˨y˥æ˥ja˨
*ɡɐ˧zɐ˧ɡe˧ɡe˧ba˥
*ɡy˨dy˨ba˥la˨ba˩ni˥
- "just give me the money"²

h

*ha˥boʊ˨
- handrail
*haɪ˥bɔ˧
*haɪ˨lu˥˩
*hãɪ˥ꜛ
*ha˨˥la˥ho˨˥lɔ˨
- suspiciously similar to *hoʊ˥la˥hoʊ˥la˨
*ha˥˨sa˨˥va˩
*ha˦˥ꜛtʃu˧i˩
*haʊ˩kə˨di˥jə˨
*haʊ˥wa˩
*hə˥˩
- related to *hjy˥˩
- accompanied with the head moving down aggressively
- possibly a sneeze
*hə˨hə˨hə˨ta˥hu˩
*həʔ˨tsuʔ˩
- walnuts from Cantonese "核桃"³
*hə˨wu˥ʒaʊ˨˥ɔ˨ba˨˥ji˧
*hɛɪ˥hɛɪ˥
*hɛɪː˥˨ɔː˨˥tsəʔ˨ɔː˨˥pɔʔ˨
*hɛ˧la˧
*hid˥hid˥dən˩dən˩dən˩
- rhythmic: (4/4) |♩♩♫♩|
- probably a ritual or a command telling someone to walk forward to a certain point
- often repeated multiple times
*hjy˥˩
- related to *hə˥˩
- accompanied with the head moving down aggressively
- possibly a sneeze
*ho˨daɪ˥ɡo˩
*hoɪ˨˥
- exclamation
*hoʊ˨˥du˥da˨˥
*hɔ˨˥ɡit˨tsən˥mɛɪ˥jɔ˥
*hɔ˥lɔː˨ba˥ə˧baː˥˧
*hɔɪ˥
- exclamation
- often repeated multiple times
*hɔɪ˥kɔk˥
*hɔɪ˨˥la˩
*hoʊ˥la˥hoʊ˥la˨
- often repeated multiple times
*hoʊ˨tɔŋ˥

i

*iː˧˩
- "oh dear"¹
*iʔ˨
- related to *əʔ˨
- exclaimed when writing something down
- often repeated multiple times
*i˨a˥˩
*i˥.daʊ˧˦
*i˨dɛŋ˥da˩
- related to *i˨dɛ˩dɛŋ˥da˩
*i˥dɛ˦dɛ˨˥
*i˨dɛ˩dɛŋ˥da˩
- related to *i˨dɛŋ˥da˩
*i˨.dɐ̃w̃˥.dɐ̃w̃˨˩
- possibly related to *i˧gla˥gla˨
*i˨ɡɛ˧i˥bɔ˥˨
*i˧ɡla˥ɡla˨
- possibly related to *i˨.dɐ̃w̃˥.dɐ̃w̃˨˩
*i˥ʔi˩ʔaɪ˨
*i˥ʔi˧lɛ˧
*i˧˥ja˧
*i˥ja˧ɛ˩
*i˥ja˩ɡa˥bə˨daɪ˥
*i˧ja˥ji˧ɡɐ˧za˥
*i˨˥ja˥tsi˨da˨
*i˦jɚ˧a˧mɔ˨ɡɛ˨˦
*i˨jɔ˨˥
*i˥juː˩
*i˥loʊ˨˥wɛ˥loʊ˨˥wɛ˥
*i˨ma˥
*i˨ma˨˥
*i˥ma˥maʊ˨˥
*i˨mɛ˥ji˥ha˥˨
*iː˥ɹʷaː˨
*i˨tsɪ˥˧jɔ˧
*i˨zju˥mɪŋ˩

j

*jã˨
- exclamation
- possibly related to *ja˨˥
*jã˥˨bwã˥˨
*jãʔ˥jãʔ˥
*ja˥˨
- exclamation
- possibly related to *ja˨˥
- alternate form: *a˥˨
*jaʔ˥
- more than one recorded usage
- "one" from Cantonese "一"
*ja˦aʊ˨a˦˧
*ja˥boʊ˨
*ja˨di˥
- often repeated multiple times
*ja˨˥ɛ˨ʔɛ˥ʔo˨˥la˨
*ja˩ja˧ja˥
*ja˦ji˧da˧˩
*ja˥mi˥ja˥mi˧
- yummy
*jaʔ˧mɔʔ˩˧ɔ˥daɪ˨˥
*ja˥nə˩
*ja˨sɔɪ˨˥dja˧
*ja˥wa˨˥
- possibly related to *ja˥ʔa˨˥
*ja˨wɛɪ˥˨
- exclamation
*ja˥ʔa˨˥
- possibly related to *ja˥wa˨˥
*ja˦ʔa˨
- possibly related to *ja˥ʔa˨˥
*jaʊ˥hi˧ja˧˩
*jaʊ˨vo˨a˩
*jaʊ˩wa˥˨
*jæ˥bə˨sən˨
*jɛ˨˥
- often repeated multiple times
*jɛ˥aʊ˧
*jɛ˨˥bi˨nɛ˩a˨
*jɛ˥hɛ˨˥
- exclamation
*jɛ˧lɔ˨lɔ˨
*jɛ˥si˨
- yes
*jɛɪ˧
*ji˥˧ː
- falling tone
*ji˧˥ꜛ
- rising tone with sudden high pitch
*ji˥bi˧
- "this side" from Cantonese "依邊"
*jiː˦jiː˧ɡɔː˨
*ji˨ji˨ji˨muː˨˥
*jo˨y˥jo˨y˥ɛ˥a˧
*jɔ˩˥ꜛ
*jɔ˥ba˨˥ni˩
*jɔ˨waɪ˨˦
*jɔ˧wɔ˨˦
*ju˦ba˧jɛ˨˦ɡaʊ˨˦

k

*kan˥lan˩
- Kowloon Tong, especially its station
*koɪ˨˥ki˨taʊ˥si˨ŋa˨˥
*koʊs˥baʊ˩

l

*lãn˧˨˥
*la˨˥
*la˥˩ha˨˥mɛɪ˨˥doʊ˥˩ʔa˩
*la˨sa˥bi˨wan˩
*la˨ʔɛ˨˥
*laɪ˨˥la˨˥
*laʊ˨la˥˩
- Judy Hopps from the infamous furbait "Zootopia"
*laʊ˨˥laʊ˨laʊ˨˥lɛɪ˨˥
*laʊ˦˥laʊ˦˥ʔu˥tɛ˦wɛ˦˥jɔ˦˥
*laʊ˧sam˥zaʊ˥
*laʊ˨wa˦
*læ̃˥læ̃˥læ̃˥læ̃˥læ̃˥læ̃˨
*lɛ˨ʔɔ˥ʔa˧
*lɛɪ˥ɡoʊ˨˥
*lɛɪ˧lɛɪ˧sa˧
*lək˨sɛk˨tɕʲɛ˨˥
- more than one reported usage
*lək˨sɪk˥bo˨
*lɚ˨˥daɪ˨˥ju˩
- [n] a factor causing distress?
*lja˨˥o˨ly˥tɕi˨˥
*lɔ˥
- v. (platonic) "love" (see *a˩lo˥ly˥)
*lɔ˦ɡɔɪ˦buʔ˦ɡɔ˦lɛ˦la˨
*loʊ˥ːa˧ː
*loʊ˥˩ha˧˩
- response: "let's just go home"
*loʊː˨jɛ˥˨
*loʊ˥mɛɪ˧lɛɪ˨ɔ˨
*luɔluɔʔa˨wan˥ni˨˥

m

*ma˩
- sometimes a prefix followed by *mɔ˩wɔ˨˥
*ma˦ɡa˦wuɪ˦˨ə˨
*ma˨lə˨tu˨dɛɪ˦lɛ˦
- *tu˨dɛɪ˦ -> "today"?
*maː˩maː˨mɛː˥
*ma˨˥ma˨mɛɪ˨˥joʊ˨˥ma˨ma˨
*ma˨mɛ˥
*ma˥na˥bi˥nɔ˧zaʊ˨˥zaʊ˨˥
- often repeated multiple times
*ma˧nɛ˥˩
*ma˥ni˨ɡa˧la˨
*ma˨˥nɔ˨
- full stomach
- from Cantonese 飽啦
*ma˥nɔ˧nɪŋ˥nɪŋ˥a˧˨
*ma˨tsi˨ja˥
- followed by a pronoun
*maɪ˦kə˨
*maɪ˥tsɚɪ˨
- often repeated multiple times
*mi˦mi˦mi˨˥
*mæ̃˨
- no (sense: yes/no)
- from Cantonese 唔係
*mæ̃˨mæ̃˨mæ̃˥mæ̃˥mæ̃˨˩
*mɛ˥˧daʔ˧
- more than one recorded usage
*mɛɪ˥mɛɪ˥pɔ˨pɔ˨˥
*mɛɪ˥s̩aʊ˧mɛɪ˥ji˩
*mi˦
- singular mid-high pitch
*mi˥ɡi˧
*mi˥mi˧
- often repeated multiple times
- alternating pitch, as opposed to *mi˦ which is a singular pitch
*mi˥˩
- descending pitch
- often repeated multiple times
*mi˥jaʊː˨
- "meow"¹
- often repeated multiple times
- clipping: /miː˥/
*mi˨tɕʲi˥
*mɔ˨mɔ˥mɔ˨mo˩
*mɔ˩wɔ˨˥

m̩

m̩-prefix

*(m̩)a˨˥ma˨
*(m̩)aɱ˥ʔaɱ˥
- Hung Hom, especially its station
*(m̩)a˥tʃ(ə)ʔ˩
- onomatopeia of sneezing? (~"achoo")
*(m̩)ɲam˥

non-m̩-prefix

*m̩ː˨ba˧

n

*naː˥ɛ˥
*na˨ɕʲɛ˥˨ny˨˥ma˩
*na˥ə˨a˧
*na˥baɪ˨ja˧ɛ˥ja˥
*na˥bi˥da˧
*na˥fɛɪ˥ja˨
*na˥ɡoʊ˩
- LEGO® pieces
*na˥hoʊ˧
*na˨i˥tu˧djɛ˧
*na˥jɛ˨˥
- exclamation
*na˩ma˥haʔ˨˩
*na˨ma˨m̩˩ʔɔ˨˥
*na˩ma˨˥si˨ja˥haɪ˩
*na˥mɔ˩tɛɪ˩aː˧
*na˦na˥
*na˨na˥
*na˧ni˥ha˧bo˨vo˨
*na˨ni˥nɔ˨
- suspiciously similar to *na˥nɔ˨nɔ˨
*na˥nɔ˨nɔ˨
- suspicuously similar to *na˨ni˥nɔ˨
*na˥o˩la˨
*na˥paʊ˨˥zɪŋ˧wɔ˨
*na˥sa˨˥
*na˥to˨vɛ˨
*na˨tɔ˨˥hwa˥˧
*na˨tu˨ha˥bɔ˥lan˩ʔa˩
- might be related to Poland?
*na˨˥za˩zi˥ni˨˥ni˨
*na˨ʔɛ˥˨
*naɪ˨˥fɔ˥˩
*næ˦næ˦næ˦
- same tone
*næ̃˥næ̃˦næ̃˨
- descending and nasalised
*nɛ˨˥ba˨dɛn˨dɛ˨
*nɛʔ˥dɐ˨˥
*nɛ˥ɡə˥ji˥ɡə˨
*nɛ˥ɡɛ˥ɡə˨˥ɡə˨˥jiʊ˩a˥
*nɛ˥ɡɛ˥ha˥la˥˧
*nɛ˥˧ɡɔː˨
*nɛ˨ɡɔ˦
*nɛ˥ja˨nɛ˥ja˨du˦˩
- "this one"
- usually followed by "I want this one"
*nɛ˨ji˥ji˥ja˨˥
*nɛ˩nɛ˨baʔ˦bʲæ̃˦
*nɛ˩˦sa˥zɯ˨˦zɯ˨ː
*nɛ˧tjæ˥waʊ˨
*nɛɪ˨n̩˩nɛɪ˨ɡa˧
- "it's someone else's"
- from Cantonese 人哋㗎
*ni˥ɡɛ˥su˥˨jɛ˨
*ni˥nɛ˥ɡəʊ˨˥waʊ˦waʊ˦waʊ˦
*nɪk˥bət˥
*nʲa˩nʲa˧nʲa˥
- possibly imitating an Undertale food item?
*nja˧nja˧nja˧
*njɛ˥njɛ˥njɛ˥njɛ˥njɛ˥njɛ˥njɛ˥njɛ˥dɔn˩dɔn˩dɔn˥dʒə˧dʒə˨
*nʲa˥nʲa˩nʲa˨ɡʷəd˥di˨da˨
*noʊ˥vɛɪ˥˩
- probably "no way"
*nɔɪ˥sa˨tsə˨baʊ˩

n̩

*n̩˨ma˨n̩˩

ŋ

*ŋa˥ɡɔ˨ɡɔ˧ŋaɪ˩
*ŋa˨˩ji˥
*ŋa˨ŋˌ˥ŋa˥ꜛ
*ŋa˥u˨
*ŋa˨˥za˥wɛɪ˧za˥a˧
*ŋɛɪ˨gɛ˨jɑ˨˥
*ŋʲap˦˥
- probably onomatopoeia for duck quacking
*ŋɔ˨˥tsɛ˥
- train
- from Cantonese 火車
*ŋo˨˥da˨˥da˨˥
*ŋu˨ŋi˥

o

*o˥ʔa˦ʔi˨
*o˨˥daʔ˥˨
*o˥ɛ˧
*o˦ɡɛ˥ɡa˧ni˨
*o˨˥ɡo˧ho˧bi˥
*oː˨ja˨˥
- exclamation of some sort
*oɪ˥da˧ju˩
*oɪ˨˦jaː˥˧
*oɪ˨ŋaː˦˥
*o˨ma˥sɔ˧ja˦˥
*o˨ɱŋʲaj˧
*o˨˥ŋa˨˥jɛ˨˥
*oː˨woː˦ʲa˥
*o˨˥zə˨tə˥a˨ja˨
*o˨ʔa˥lu˥lu˨ʔa˧
*oʊ˧ɛ˨a˩aɪ˥˨
*oʊ˨˥ʔɛ˨
*oʊ˨wan˧ʔi˥˨

ɔ

*ɔː˦˧
*ɔ˨ban˥nɛ˩
*ɔ˥dɛ˧sɛʊ˩
*ɔ˧ɡoʊ˥waɪ˩
*ɔ˨he˥lo˩ɡo˧ʔa˩
*ɔ˨jɛ˥a˨a˩ɛ˨
*ɔ˥laɪ˨
*ɔ˨laɪ˩jɚ˨˥
*ɔ˧lɛ˥
- often repeated multiple times
- exclamation of some sort
- alternate form: *ɔ˧lɛ˥˩
*ɔ˨˥lɛ˨kɛ˨˥kɛ˨˥kɛ˨˥
*ɔ˨lɛ˥zə˧za˥
*ɔ˨˥lɔ˩wa˨˥
*ɔ˥˨miː˥
*ɔ˨mɔ˥aʊ˩
*ɔ˨si˨˦mɛ˥
*ɔ˥wai˨fa˧
*ɔ˥za˨hoi˩
*ɔ˨˥zɪ˨kʲa˨˥na˨
*ɔ˨zu˥ɡɛ˧tu˧kjaː˧˩
*ɔj˥
- exclamation

p

*plajn˧˩
*pɔ˥hɔ˩pɔ˥˩
- exclamation, probably a call for someone to be quick and come with them

s

*saʔ˨
*sa˩dɔ˥hoʊ˨˥sɪ˨ʔa˨
*sa˥sɛɪ˨
- followed by *ʔɛ˥ja˨ʔɔ˦
*saɪ˥ɡɔ˧jy˧˥a˧
*sam˥hɔʔ˨
- more than one recorded usage
*saʔ˧mi˧naʊ˧a˧
*sæn˥ky˩
- likely "thank you"
*sɛk˥dɛ˨
*sə˧tsə˨ma˨
*səɪ˨lɪk˨
- "I want"
- might be derived from Chinese "勢力" (power)?
*si˨bo˥bo˧
*si˨˥bu˩aɪ˥
*si˥həŋ˩
*sɔɪː˨˦
- water
- from Cantonese 水

ʃ

*ʃɔʔ˧
- sharp (music note)
- antonym of *blæʔ˥

t

*tid˨bi˥
- presumably an honorific title to an MTR train; see T Chai
*tin˥təŋ˥˨
*tɔt˥tsiː˩
- chopsticks⁴
*tsi˨˥
*tsiʊː˥jaʊ˥
*tsjæ˨˥na˨
*tsɔ˧kɔ˩

u

*u˨ŋʲa˨˥ꜛ
*uɱ˥ha˥ɾa˩
*u˩wɛɪ˥ja˥˧
- preceded by a subject

w

*waː˥˨
- exclamation
*wa˥bi˧jo˧ba˩ba˧ba˥ba˧ba˧
- all syllables are the same length
- followed by a request for someone to clap their hands
*wa˥ɛ˨
- "what is this?" with a neutral emotion
*wa˩˦ɡa˥ba˧la˨
*wa˧ɡjaʊ˨
*wa˨hoʊ˨˥ɔ˨
- related to *wa˨hʊk˥ɔ˨
*wa˨hʊk˥ɔ˨
- related to *wa˨hoʊ˨˥ɔ˨
*waɪ˧
- exclamation
- related to *wɛɪ˧
*wa˨˥ŋa˨
*wa˨ʔɔ˨˦mɛ˥
*wa˥wəɪ˨
*wa˥y˥li˥da˩
- "what is this?" with an emotional undertone
*wa˧ʊ˥
- alternate forms *ma˧ʊ˥ *daːʊ˧
*waɪ˥ja˧˥
*waɪː˧s̩ː
*waɪ˦waɪ˧
*wãʊ˧
*wæ˨˥ꜛ
*wɛɪ˧
- exclamation
- related to *waɪ˧
*wɛɪ˨ha˥ha˥
*wəɪ˨wu˨
- small stomach (?)
- *wəɪ˨ from Cantonese 胃 (stomach)
*wəʊ˥
*wi˧aɪː˧˩
*wo˩tɛ˥ꜛpaʊ˩
*woʊ˦a˨
*wɔ˨˦
- no (sense: none, absent)
- from Cantonese 冇
*wɔ˨djɛ˥˨
*wɔ˥jɔ˧˥
*wɔː˨ʃi˨
*wɔ˨zɛ˥ʃɪ˨nã˨˥
*wu˩aː˥˩
*wuː˨˥ꜛda˨ji˨
*wu˨˥ʃi˥˩
*wuɪ˨˥
- seat
- from Cantonese 位

χ

*χː

z

*za˨ki˥
- suspiciously very similar to *zə˨ki˨˥
*zaʊ˧ɡwɔ˧bɛʊ˨bɛʊ˨bɛʊ˨dɛʊ˧dɔ˨dɔ˨dɔ˨
*zə˨ki˨˥
- suspiciously very similar to *za˨ki˥
*zə˨mə˨taɪ˥ɕʲa˥
*za˨nɛ˥za˨zɔ˩
*zə˧zə˥zə˧zə˩
- often repeated several times
*zʲa˨˥mu˨la˨
*ziː˨˦

ʔ

*ʔɛ˥sja˨ʔɔ˦
- preceded with *sa˥sɛɪ˨

Documented phrases

*dɑː˨dɑː˧dɑː˦ dɑː˦dɑː˧ "I want my dad to return west"
*ə˨pɔ˨˥ səɪ˨lɪk˨ ɡɛɪ˨˥ɡaʊ˩jaʊ˩ "Grandma, I want a few pieces of this"
*noʊ˥vɛɪ˥˩ "no way"
*ɔː˦˧ χː χː (unknown)
*sæn˥ky˩ "thank you"
*wa˥ɛ˨ "what is this?" (emotionless)
*wa˥y˥li˥da˩ "what is this?" (emotionful)

Grammar

Emotive language

There are a few cases documented where emotion is expressed through language.

For example, *wa˥ɛ˨ and *wa˥y˥li˥da˩ both mean "what is this?", but *wa˥ɛ˨ carries a neutral emotion while *wa˥y˥li˥da˩ has an unidentified emotion.

Time

Days and seconds are synonymous.

Proposals

Important

These are mere guesses and may not reflect reality.

Emotive language indicated by suffixes

The suffix -ɛ˨ may indicate a neutral emotion and the suffix -y˥li˥da˩ may indicate the "begging/desperate" emotion.

What does wa˥ mean then? "What is this" in an undefined emotion?

Meaning of the m̩-prefix

It is known that this prefix is occasionally dropped in some sentence patterns.

The prefix m̩- may be used to indicate a certain type of exclamation. However many exclamations do not follow this rule.

Big difference between dɑː˨dɑː˧dɑː˦ ("I want my dad to") and səɪ˨lɪk˨ ("I want")?

May be caused by different borrowings.

dɑː˨dɑː˧dɑː˦ may be native. It is unknown where the "my dad" part in this phrase is.

səɪ˨lɪk˨ may be borrowed from Cantonese though how it came to be is unknown (perhaps 勢力 "power"?)

Pronunciations are not set in stone

The pronunciation of a word can vary. This means that some entries can be unified.

Uh oh!

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