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摩尔定律：Moore's law is the observation that the number of transistors in an integrated circuit (IC) doubles about every two years. Moore's law is an observation and projection of a historical trend. Rather than a law of physics, it is an empirical relationship linked to gains from experience in production.
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NMOS switch closes when switch control input is high
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PMOS switch closes when switch control input is low
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Scale Out(horizonal scaling): Add more components to a system（e.g. more nodes）
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Scale Up(vertical scaling): Add resources to a single component in a system (e.g. upgrade memory)