Definition of code

Let's break down each line of code:

```python
# Import necessary libraries
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
```

- `import requests`: Imports the `requests` library, which is used to send HTTP requests.
- `from bs4 import BeautifulSoup`: Imports the `BeautifulSoup` class from the `bs4` library, which is used for HTML parsing.

```python
# Function to scrape quotes from a website
def scrape_quotes():
    # Send a GET request to the website
    url = "http://quotes.toscrape.com"
    response = requests.get(url)
```

- `def scrape_quotes():`: Defines a function named `scrape_quotes`.
- `url = "http://quotes.toscrape.com"`: Sets the URL of the website to be scraped.
- `response = requests.get(url)`: Sends a GET request to the specified URL and stores the response.

```python
    if response.status_code == 200:
        # Parse the HTML content of the page
        soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
```

- `if response.status_code == 200:`: Checks if the HTTP response status code is 200 (OK), indicating a successful request.
- `soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')`: Creates a BeautifulSoup object to parse the HTML content of the page.

```python
        # Extract information (quotes and authors) from the page
        quotes = []
        for quote in soup.find_all('div', class_='quote'):
            text = quote.find('span', class_='text').text
            author = quote.find('small', class_='author').text
            quotes.append({'text': text, 'author': author})
```

- `quotes = []`: Initializes an empty list to store the extracted quotes and authors.
- `for quote in soup.find_all('div', class_='quote'):`: Iterates through each quote `div` element on the page.
- `text = quote.find('span', class_='text').text`: Extracts the text of the quote.
- `author = quote.find('small', class_='author').text`: Extracts the author of the quote.
- `quotes.append({'text': text, 'author': author})`: Appends a dictionary with the quote text and author to the `quotes` list.

```python
        return quotes
    else:
        print("Failed to retrieve the page. Status code:", response.status_code)
        return None
```

- `return quotes`: Returns the list of extracted quotes if the request was successful.
- `else:`: If the request was not successful:
  - `print("Failed to retrieve the page. Status code:", response.status_code)`: Prints an error message with the HTTP status code.
  - `return None`: Returns `None` to indicate that web scraping failed.

```python
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Run the web scraping function
    scraped_quotes = scrape_quotes()
```

- `if __name__ == "__main__":`: Checks if the script is being run directly (not imported as a module).
- `scraped_quotes = scrape_quotes()`: Calls the `scrape_quotes` function and stores the result in the `scraped_quotes` variable.

```python
    # Display the results
    if scraped_quotes:
        print("Scraped Quotes:")
        for index, quote in enumerate(scraped_quotes, start=1):
            print(f"{index}. {quote['text']} - {quote['author']}")
    else:
        print("Web scraping failed.")
```

- `if scraped_quotes:`: Checks if quotes were successfully scraped.
- `print("Scraped Quotes:")`: Prints a header.
- `for index, quote in enumerate(scraped_quotes, start=1):`: Iterates through the scraped quotes with an index, starting from 1.
- `print(f"{index}. {quote['text']} - {quote['author']}")`: Prints each quote with its index, text, and author.
- `else:`: If web scraping failed:
  - `print("Web scraping failed.")`: Prints an error message.

This script demonstrates a basic web scraping process, fetching quotes from a website and displaying them.