AI functions, module langchain4j.core does not declare `uses`

[ugoloc]

JabRef version

6.0-alpha2

Operating system

Windows

Details on version and operating system

Windows 11

Checked with the latest development build (copy version output from About dialog)

• I made a backup of my libraries before testing the latest development version.
• I have tested the latest development version and the problem persists

Steps to reproduce the behaviour

1. In preference -> AI select Gemini provider (any model), supplying the appropriate API key
2. Select a paper from the library
3. Open AI summary tab OR open AI chat and send a message
4. The following error is risen: "java.util.ServiceConfigurationError: dev.langchain4j.http.client.HttpClientBuilderFactory: module langchain4j.core does not declare uses"

Version:
JabRef 6.0-alpha2.690--2025-09-05--261ae7c
Windows 11 10.0 amd64
Java 24.0.2
JavaFX 24.0.2+1

Appendix

No response

[Siedlerchr]

Guess it's a side effect from the latest deps update regarding that dependency
Probably here something needs to be adjusted
https://github.com/JabRef/jabref/blob/main/build-logic/src/main/kotlin/org.jabref.gradle.base.dependency-rules.gradle.kts

[Siedlerchr]

Full log message

langchain4j.http.client.HttpClientBuilderFactory: module langchain4j.core does not declare `uses`
	at org.jabref/org.jabref.gui.util.UiTaskExecutor.convertToException(UiTaskExecutor.java:220)
	at org.jabref/org.jabref.gui.util.UiTaskExecutor.lambda$getJavaFXTask$2(UiTaskExecutor.java:209)
	at javafx.base@24.0.2/com.sun.javafx.event.CompositeEventHandler.dispatchBubblingEvent(CompositeEventHandler.java:86)
	at javafx.base@24.0.2/com.sun.javafx.event.EventHandlerManager.dispatchBubblingEvent(EventHandlerManager.java:232)
	at javafx.base@24.0.2/com.sun.javafx.event.EventHandlerManager.dispatchBubblingEvent(EventHandlerManager.java:189)
	at javafx.base@24.0.2/com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:58)
	at javafx.base@24.0.2/com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
	at javafx.base@24.0.2/com.sun.javafx.event.EventUtil.fireEventImpl(EventUtil.java:74)
	at javafx.base@24.0.2/com.sun.javafx.event.EventUtil.fireEvent(EventUtil.java:54)
	at javafx.base@24.0.2/javafx.event.Event.fireEvent(Event.java:199)
	at javafx.graphics@24.0.2/javafx.concurrent.EventHelper.fireEvent(EventHelper.java:219)
	at javafx.graphics@24.0.2/javafx.concurrent.Task.fireEvent(Task.java:1321)
	at javafx.graphics@24.0.2/javafx.concurrent.Task.setState(Task.java:708)
	at javafx.graphics@24.0.2/javafx.concurrent.Task$TaskCallable.lambda$call$2(Task.java:1418)
	at javafx.graphics@24.0.2/com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$4(PlatformImpl.java:419)
	at javafx.graphics@24.0.2/com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:95)
Caused by: java.util.ServiceConfigurationError: dev.langchain4j.http.client.HttpClientBuilderFactory: module langchain4j.core does not declare `uses`
	at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader.fail(ServiceLoader.java:559)
	at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader.checkCaller(ServiceLoader.java:545)
	at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader.<init>(ServiceLoader.java:480)
	at java.base/java.util.ServiceLoader.load(ServiceLoader.java:1547)
	at langchain4j.core@1.4.0/dev.langchain4j.spi.ServiceHelper.loadFactories(ServiceHelper.java:57)
	at langchain4j.core@1.4.0/dev.langchain4j.spi.ServiceHelper.loadFactories(ServiceHelper.java:30)
	at langchain4j.http.client@1.4.0/dev.langchain4j.http.client.HttpClientBuilderLoader.loadHttpClientBuilder(HttpClientBuilderLoader.java:11)
	at langchain4j.core@1.4.0/dev.langchain4j.internal.Utils.getOrDefault(Utils.java:110)
	at langchain4j.google.ai.gemini@1.4.0/dev.langchain4j.model.googleai.GeminiService.<init>(GeminiService.java:55)
	at langchain4j.google.ai.gemini@1.4.0/dev.langchain4j.model.googleai.BaseGeminiChatModel.<init>(BaseGeminiChatModel.java:78)
	at langchain4j.google.ai.gemini@1.4.0/dev.langchain4j.model.googleai.GoogleAiGeminiChatModel.<init>(GoogleAiGeminiChatModel.java:40)
	at langchain4j.google.ai.gemini@1.4.0/dev.langchain4j.model.googleai.GoogleAiGeminiChatModel$GoogleAiGeminiChatModelBuilder.build(GoogleAiGeminiChatModel.java:402)

[Siedlerchr]

@jjohannes May I ask for your assistance with this special case? The ServiceLoader cannot find the module. I think their definition is not correct. However, I tried to patch the module by adding a uses here

jabref/build-logic/src/main/kotlin/org.jabref.gradle.base.dependency-rules.gradle.kts

Lines 194 to 201 in aa1d8f9

	module("dev.langchain4j:langchain4j", "langchain4j")
	module("dev.langchain4j:langchain4j-core", "langchain4j.core")
	module("dev.langchain4j:langchain4j-google-ai-gemini", "langchain4j.google.ai.gemini")
	module("dev.langchain4j:langchain4j-http-client", "langchain4j.http.client")
	module("dev.langchain4j:langchain4j-http-client-jdk", "langchain4j.http.client.jdk")
	module("dev.langchain4j:langchain4j-hugging-face", "langchain4j.hugging.face")
	module("dev.langchain4j:langchain4j-mistral-ai", "langchain4j.mistral.ai")
	module("dev.langchain4j:langchain4j-open-ai", "langchain4j.open.ai")

e.g.
uses("dev.langchain4j.http.client.jdk.JdkHttpClientBuilderFactory")

However, that results in java.lang.module.ResolutionException: Module langchain4j.core does not read a module that exports dev.langchain4j.http.client.jdk

and when I add a require I obviously get a circle...
I saw there is also an option called IgnoreServiceProvider but I don't know what it does...

[jjohannes]

Sure @Siedlerchr. When you start adding a { } configuration block to a "simple" patch entry, you need to do the following to preserve the patching behavior from before before:

module("dev.langchain4j:langchain4j-core", "langchain4j.core") {
 exportAllPackages()              // on by default if there is no config block
 requireAllDefinedDependencies()  // on by default if there is no config block (I think not having this causes the "Module langchain4j.core does not read a module" error

  // you custom additions, e.g.
  uses("dev.langchain4j.http.client.HttpClientBuilderFactory")
}

(Sorry this is a bit unintuitive. The DSL grew with the features we added. Maybe something to rethink with the next major release of the plugin.)

[Siedlerchr]

@jjohannes Thanks for the hints; unfortunately, that did not work either, and it still throws a module error.
Tried various combinations also with the specifid jdk module and the generic one
dev.langchain4j.http.client.HttpClientBuilderFactory

        // java.lang.module.ResolutionException: Module langchain4j.core does not read a module that exports dev.langchain4j.http.client.jdk

Created a PR to test this #13853

The module info of http-client looks like this:

open module langchain4j.http.client {
    requires java.base;
    requires transitive langchain4j.core;
    requires transitive org.slf4j;

    exports dev.langchain4j.http.client;
    exports dev.langchain4j.http.client.log;
    exports dev.langchain4j.http.client.sse;
}

so this requires transitive langchain4j core

htto client jdk looks like this:

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by FernFlower decompiler)
//

open module langchain4j.http.client.jdk {
    requires java.base;
    requires transitive langchain4j.core;
    requires transitive langchain4j.http.client;

    exports dev.langchain4j.http.client.jdk;

    provides dev.langchain4j.http.client.HttpClientBuilderFactory with
        dev.langchain4j.http.client.jdk.JdkHttpClientBuilderFactory;
}
and langchain4j core

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by FernFlower decompiler)
//

open module langchain4j {
requires java.base;
requires transitive langchain4j.core;
requires transitive com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation;
requires transitive com.fasterxml.jackson.core;
requires transitive com.fasterxml.jackson.databind;
requires transitive org.apache.opennlp.tools;
requires transitive org.slf4j;

exports dev.langchain4j.chain;
exports dev.langchain4j.classification;
exports dev.langchain4j.classloading;
exports dev.langchain4j.data.document.loader;
exports dev.langchain4j.data.document.parser;
exports dev.langchain4j.data.document.source;
exports dev.langchain4j.data.document.splitter;
exports dev.langchain4j.memory.chat;
exports dev.langchain4j.service;
exports dev.langchain4j.service.guardrail;
exports dev.langchain4j.service.guardrail.spi;
exports dev.langchain4j.service.memory;
exports dev.langchain4j.service.output;
exports dev.langchain4j.service.tool;
exports dev.langchain4j.spi.services;
exports dev.langchain4j.spi.store.embedding.inmemory;
exports dev.langchain4j.store.embedding.inmemory;

}

[jjohannes]

It should be: uses("dev.langchain4j.http.client.HttpClientBuilderFactory")
(the service interface, not the implementation)

However, I am afraid the service loading implementation in langchain4j is not compatible with JPMS. The uses(...) should not be needed in langchain4j.core, but langchain4j.http.client as that is the one declaring the interface (HttpClientBuilderFactory) and loading the service.

Unfortunately, ServiceLoader.load() is not called directly in langchain4j.http.client, but indirectly through the utility class ServiceHelper in langchain4j.core.
That's why now langchain4j.core needs access to service interface it wants to load. But hat would create a cycle:
langchain4j.http.client -> langchain4j.core -> langchain4j.http.client

---

Maybe I miss something, but I am afraid that without a fix in langchain4j the only way to fix this is merging all langchain4j Jars into one Jar/Module. 😞

[Siedlerchr]

Thanks for looking into it.
Yeah I had this circular issue as well when I played around with it. Already reported upstream but no idea about a fix. However I guess it would be possible to extract the service loader to a separate module so that both can use it.
I will try with merging the jars
Issue langchain4j/langchain4j#3668

[Siedlerchr]

@jjohannes Thanks so much for the great plugin. This is a lifesaver. It was so easy to merge the modules/jars now.