NoClassDefFoundError: junit/framework/TestCase & org/junit/rules/TestRule

[hsz]

What happened?

In IntelliJ Platform Gradle Plugin 2.0, when using TestFramework.JUnit5, it fails with NoClassDefFoundError.

Related issue: IJPL-159134

This needs to be fixed directly in the Test Framework JUnit5 library.
Until then, as a workaround, add JUnit4 to test dependencies:

dependencies {
  // ...
  testRuntimeOnly("junit:junit:4.13.2")
}

Relevant log output or stack trace

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: junit/framework/TestCase

or

org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.TestSuiteExecutionException: Could not start Gradle Test Executor 1.
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.startProcessing(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:45)
	at java.base@17.0.10/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base@17.0.10/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
	at java.base@17.0.10/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base@17.0.10/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
	at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:36)
	at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
	at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:33)
	at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:92)
	at jdk.proxy1/jdk.proxy1.$Proxy4.startProcessing(Unknown Source)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker$1.run(TestWorker.java:166)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.executeAndMaintainThreadName(TestWorker.java:130)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.execute(TestWorker.java:101)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.execute(TestWorker.java:61)
	at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.ActionExecutionWorker.execute(ActionExecutionWorker.java:56)
	at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.call(SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.java:122)
	at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.call(SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.java:69)
	at worker.org.gradle.process.internal.worker.GradleWorkerMain.run(GradleWorkerMain.java:69)
	at worker.org.gradle.process.internal.worker.GradleWorkerMain.main(GradleWorkerMain.java:74)
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/rules/TestRule
	at java.base/java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructors0(Native Method)
	at java.base/java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredConstructors(Class.java:3373)
	at java.base/java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Class.java:3578)
	at java.base/java.lang.Class.getDeclaredConstructor(Class.java:2754)
	at com.intellij.openapi.diagnostic.Logger.setFactory(Logger.java:72)
	at com.intellij.testFramework.common.TestEnvironmentKt.initializeTestEnvironment(testEnvironment.kt:30)
	at com.intellij.testFramework.junit5.impl.JUnit5TestEnvironmentInitializer.launcherSessionOpened(JUnit5TestEnvironmentInitializer.kt:13)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncherSession.<init>(DefaultLauncherSession.java:33)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.LauncherFactory.openSession(LauncherFactory.java:98)
	at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.LauncherFactory.openSession(LauncherFactory.java:82)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$BackwardsCompatibleLauncherSession.open(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:323)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.createTestExecutor(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:86)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junit.AbstractJUnitTestClassProcessor.startProcessing(AbstractJUnitTestClassProcessor.java:44)
	at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.startProcessing(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:43)
	... 18 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.junit.rules.TestRule
	at com.intellij.util.lang.UrlClassLoader.findClass(UrlClassLoader.java:224)
	at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:592)
	at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:525)

Steps to reproduce

repositories {
    mavenCentral()

    intellijPlatform {
        defaultRepositories()
    }
}

dependencies {
    testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.10.3"))
    testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api")
    testRuntimeOnly("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine")

    intellijPlatform {
        intellijIdeaCommunity("2023.2.7")
        testFramework(TestFrameworkType.JUnit5)
    }
}

tasks {
    test {
        useJUnitPlatform()
    }
}

intellijPlatform {
    instrumentCode = false
}

Gradle IntelliJ Plugin version

2.0.0

Gradle version

8.9

Operating System

None

Link to build, i.e. failing GitHub Action job

No response

[hsz]

Problem described in SDK Docs with a workaround provided:
https://plugins.jetbrains.com/docs/intellij/tools-intellij-platform-gradle-plugin-faq.html#junit5-test-framework-refers-to-junit4

[gaborbernat]

Is there a way to not need to use the workaround?