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<!doctype html>
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<title>Theories of International Mobility and the Incorporation of Immigrants</title>
<meta name="description" content="Slides for Economics of Migration class">
<meta name="author" content="John R.B. Palmer">
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<section>
<h2>Theories of International Mobility and the Incorporation of Immigrants</h2>
<h3>Class 8: Mobility, Scale, and Immigrant Incorporation</h3>
<p><a href="http://johnrbpalmer.com">John Palmer</a></p>
</section>
<!--
Notes
Sergi Brin meets etc founds this company and does pretty well in US.
Dr. Uğur Şahin and Özlem Türeci
Bell et al. (2002) dimensions of internal migration
https://imageproject.com.au/
MAUP (take slides)
INMI
The next observation is, that . . . there are far more burials than christenings. This is plain.... From this single observation it will follow that London should have decreased in its people, the contrary whereof we see by its daily increase.... It is therefore certain that London is supplied with people from out of the country, whereby not only to repair the over-plus difference of burials above-mentioned, but likewise to increase its inhabitants - John Graunt, Natural and Political Observations made upon the Bills of Mortality. (1662/1964: 35)
include Borjas from week 1 on human capital accumulation
Castles' point: what are we actually talking about here?
-->
<section>
<ul>
<li>What happens to immigrants as they settle in a new country?</li>
<li>What is assimilation?</li>
<li>What is integration?</li>
<li>What is incorporation?</li>
<li>Disentangling normative and descriptive arguments</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>How do natives want the process of immigrant incorporation to take place?</li>
<li>What are the demands placed on policy-makers</li>
<li>How do governments and other actors shape these demands and the process?</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Theories of Incorporation</h3>
<ul>
<li>Straight-line Assimilation</li>
<li>Segmented Assimilation</li>
<li>Superdiversity</li>
<li>Structural/Institutional Context</li>
<li>Multiculturalism</li>
<li>Interculturalism</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Hagan (1998)</h4>
<img class="stretch" src="images/Guatemala_town_volcanic_crater.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h4>Bosnian Settlement in US</h4>
<img class="stretch" src="images/bosnians_us.png">
</section>
<section>
<img class="stretch" src="images/bos_oneida.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<img class="stretch" src="images/bos_cook.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<img class="stretch" src="images/bos_stlouis.jpg">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Role of Policy</h3>
<ul>
<li>Admissions policy</li>
<li>Integration policy</li>
<li>Sanctions and enforcement</li>
<li>Expulsion</li>
<li>Discrimination/anti-discrimination policy</li>
<li>Education policy</li>
<li>...</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Moving Beyond Immigration</h3>
<ul>
<li>Social Class</li>
<li>Gender</li>
<li>Race and ethnicity</li>
<li>Inter-generational mobility</li>
<li>Urban structure</li>
<li>Mobility</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Internal Migration</h3>
<ul>"The next observation is, that . . . there are far more burials than christenings. This is plain.... From this single observation it will follow that London should have decreased in its people, the contrary whereof we see by its daily increase.... It is therefore certain that London is supplied with people from out of the country, whereby not only to repair the over-plus difference of burials above-mentioned, but likewise to increase its inhabitants - John Graunt, Natural and Political Observations made upon the Bills of Mortality. (1662/1964: 35)"</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Internal Migration</h3>
\[\begin{aligned}
\textrm{ANMR} & = 100 * 0.5\sum_i|D_i-O_i|/P \\
\textrm{ANMR} & = \textrm{CMI} * \textrm{MEI}/100 \\
\\
\textrm{CMI} & = 100 * M/P \\
\textrm{MEI} & = 100 *0.5\sum_i|D_i - O_i|/M \\
M & = \sum_i(D_i) = \sum_i(O_i)
\end{aligned} \]
</section>
<section>
<p>In other words...</p>
<ul>
<li>CMI is "overall incidence, or level of internal migration within a country, indicating the propensity to move."</li>
<li>MEI is "the effectiveness (or efficiency) of migration as a mechanism for population redistribution by comparing net migration with migration turnover; it quantifies the spatial imbalance between migration flows and counter-flows"</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Aggregation</h3>
<h4>Areal Unit Choice and MAUP</h4>
<img src="images/unclustered_map.png" class="stretch">
</section>
<section>
<h3>Aggregation</h3>
<h4>Areal Unit Choice and MAUP</h4>
<img src="images/maup_hex.png" class="stretch">
</section>
</div>
</div>
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