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RDS Connectivity Troubleshooting Guide

Error: Can't connect to MySQL server (Error code 111)

This error indicates that your computer cannot establish a network connection to the RDS instance. Here are the most common causes and solutions:

1. Security Group Configuration

Your RDS instance's security group needs to explicitly allow incoming connections from your IP address:

  1. Go to the AWS Management Console
  2. Navigate to RDS > Databases > Select your database (database-1)
  3. Click on the "Connectivity & security" tab
  4. Click on the VPC security group (e.g., "default")
  5. In the security group page:
    • Select the "Inbound rules" tab
    • Click "Edit inbound rules"
    • Add a rule:
      • Type: MySQL/Aurora (port 3306)
      • Source: Your IP address or 0.0.0.0/0 for any IP (not recommended for production)
    • Save rules

2. Public Accessibility Setting

Make sure your RDS instance is set to be publicly accessible:

  1. Go to the AWS Management Console
  2. Navigate to RDS > Databases > Select your database (database-1)
  3. Click "Modify"
  4. Under "Connectivity", ensure "Public access" is set to "Yes"
  5. Click "Continue" and "Apply immediately"
  6. Click "Modify DB Instance"

Note: It may take a few minutes for changes to take effect.

3. Database Instance Status

Verify that the RDS instance is in the "Available" state:

  1. Go to the AWS Management Console
  2. Navigate to RDS > Databases
  3. Check that the status of your database (database-1) shows as "Available"

4. Network/Firewall Issues

If you're accessing from a corporate network or using a VPN:

  1. Ensure that outbound connections to port 3306 are allowed
  2. Try connecting from a different network (e.g., mobile hotspot)
  3. Temporarily disable any VPN software that may be routing traffic

5. AWS Region and Endpoint

Confirm you're using the correct endpoint for your RDS instance's region:

  1. Go to the AWS Management Console
  2. Navigate to RDS > Databases > Select your database (database-1)
  3. On the "Connectivity & security" tab, check the "Endpoint" field
  4. Ensure this matches the endpoint in your .env file

Testing Connectivity

You can test basic network connectivity using telnet or ncat:

# Using PowerShell Test-NetConnection (Windows)
Test-NetConnection -ComputerName database-1.cxkucyeociny.ap-south-1.rds.amazonaws.com -Port 3306

A successful connection will show "TcpTestSucceeded : True".

Checking Your Current Public IP

To find your current public IP address (useful for setting up security group rules):

  1. Visit whatismyip.com or ipify.org
  2. Use this IP address in your security group rule