refactor: smart pointers and fix ownership

Replace raw pointer members (app, trayIcon, trayTopMenu) with std::unique_ptr in QtTrayMenu. Consolidate tray_qt module-level globals into a State struct accessed via a function-local static. Move tray test fixtures from global arrays into per-fixture instance members to eliminate shared mutable state between tests. Replace std::system shell invocations with posix_spawnp for notification cleanup. Use placement new instead of reinterpret_cast+memcpy for C struct initialization over raw buffers.

Author: ReenigneArcher

src/QtTrayMenu.cpp

@@ -19,12 +19,6 @@
   #include "WindowsAppearance.h"
 #endif
 
-namespace {
-  int defaultArgc = 1;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5421): This is required for QApplication's argc/argv constructor
-  char defaultArgv0[] = "TrayMenuApp";  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5421): This is required for QApplication's argc/argv constructor
-  char *defaultArgv[] = {defaultArgv0, nullptr};  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5421,cpp:S5954): This is required for QApplication's argc/argv constructor
-}  // namespace
-
 QtTrayMenu::QtTrayMenu(QObject *parent, const bool debug):
     QtTrayMenu(-1, nullptr, parent, debug) {
     };
@@ -40,9 +34,9 @@ QtTrayMenu::QtTrayMenu(int argc, char **argv, QObject *parent, const bool debug)
     // Note: The following is ugly but QApplication requires an argv containing the application name.
     // We might not have access to the real argc/argv here due to being called/pulled as a dependency.
     if (argc < 0 && argv == nullptr) {
-      app = new QApplication(defaultArgc, defaultArgv);  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5025): Qt has its own integrated memory management
+      app = new QApplication(defaultArgc, defaultArgv.data());  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5025): QApplication must remain alive through process teardown
     } else {
-      app = new QApplication(argc, argv);  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5025): Qt has its own integrated memory management
+      app = new QApplication(argc, argv);  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5025): QApplication must remain alive through process teardown
     }
   }
 #if defined(_WIN32)
@@ -53,16 +47,7 @@ QtTrayMenu::QtTrayMenu(int argc, char **argv, QObject *parent, const bool debug)
   }
 }
 
-QtTrayMenu::~QtTrayMenu() {
-  // Cleanup app only if it was created within this class
-  if (app && app != QApplication::instance()) {
-    // Quit QApplication
-    QApplication::quit();
-    // Delete app and clear references
-    delete app;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5025): Qt has its own integrated memory management
-    app = nullptr;  // Set to nullptr after deletion
-  }
-}
+QtTrayMenu::~QtTrayMenu() = default;
 
 int QtTrayMenu::init(struct tray *tray, const bool notification) {
   if (trayIcon) {
@@ -82,18 +67,18 @@ int QtTrayMenu::init(struct tray *tray, const bool notification) {
   }
 
   // Create tray icon
-  trayIcon = new QSystemTrayIcon(lookupIcon(tray->icon), this);
+  trayIcon = std::make_unique<QSystemTrayIcon>(lookupIcon(tray->icon));
   trayIcon->setToolTip(QString::fromUtf8(tray->tooltip));
 
-  connect(trayIcon, &QSystemTrayIcon::activated, this, &QtTrayMenu::onTrayActivated);
-  connect(trayIcon, &QSystemTrayIcon::messageClicked, this, &QtTrayMenu::onMessageClicked);
+  connect(trayIcon.get(), &QSystemTrayIcon::activated, this, &QtTrayMenu::onTrayActivated);
+  connect(trayIcon.get(), &QSystemTrayIcon::messageClicked, this, &QtTrayMenu::onMessageClicked);
   connect(this, &QtTrayMenu::update, this, &QtTrayMenu::onUpdate);
   connect(this, &QtTrayMenu::exit, this, &QtTrayMenu::onExitRequested);
   connect(this, &QtTrayMenu::showMenu, this, &QtTrayMenu::onShowMenu);
 
   updateMenu(tray->menu);
 
-  trayIcon->setContextMenu(trayTopMenu);
+  trayIcon->setContextMenu(trayTopMenu.get());
   trayIcon->show();
 
   if (notification) {
@@ -147,14 +132,12 @@ void QtTrayMenu::onExitRequested() {
     if (trayIcon) {
       trayIcon->setContextMenu(nullptr);
     }
-    delete trayTopMenu;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5025): Qt has its own integrated memory management
-    trayTopMenu = nullptr;  // Set to nullptr after deletion
+    trayTopMenu.reset();
   }
   // Remove tray icon references;
   if (trayIcon) {
     trayIcon->hide();
-    delete trayIcon;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5025): Qt has its own integrated memory management
-    trayIcon = nullptr;  // Set to nullptr after deletion
+    trayIcon.reset();
   }
   // Unset tray structure
   trayStruct = nullptr;
@@ -167,30 +150,24 @@ void QtTrayMenu::onExitRequested() {
 
 void QtTrayMenu::updateMenu(struct tray_menu *items) {
   // Create and setup new tray menu instance
-  const auto newTrayTopMenu = new QMenu();  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5025): Qt has its own integrated memory management
+  auto newTrayTopMenu = std::make_unique<QMenu>();
 #if defined(_WIN32)
-  connect(newTrayTopMenu, &QMenu::aboutToShow, this, []() {
+  connect(newTrayTopMenu.get(), &QMenu::aboutToShow, this, []() {
     tray_qt::windows::sync_color_scheme();
   });
 #endif
-  trayIcon->setContextMenu(newTrayTopMenu);
+  trayIcon->setContextMenu(newTrayTopMenu.get());
   // Fill new tray menu instance
-  createMenu(items, newTrayTopMenu);
-  // Clear old, unused trayTopMenu instance
-  if (trayTopMenu != nullptr) {
-    trayTopMenu->clear();  // Remove all actions
-    delete trayTopMenu;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5025): Qt has its own integrated memory management
-  }
-  // Store reference for cleanup
-  trayTopMenu = newTrayTopMenu;
+  createMenu(items, newTrayTopMenu.get());
+  trayTopMenu = std::move(newTrayTopMenu);
 }
 
 void QtTrayMenu::createMenu(struct tray_menu *items, QMenu *menu) {
   while (items && items->text) {
     if (strcmp(items->text, "-") == 0) {
       menu->addSeparator();
     } else {
-      auto *action = new QAction(QString::fromUtf8(items->text), menu);  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5025): Qt has its own integrated memory management
+      auto *action = menu->addAction(QString::fromUtf8(items->text));
       action->setDisabled(items->disabled == 1);
       action->setCheckable(items->checkbox == 1);
       action->setChecked(items->checked == 1);
@@ -249,15 +226,15 @@ void QtTrayMenu::onTrayActivated(QSystemTrayIcon::ActivationReason reason) {
 }
 
 void QtTrayMenu::onMenuItemTriggered() {
-  auto *action = qobject_cast<QAction *>(sender());
+  const auto *action = qobject_cast<const QAction *>(sender());
   struct tray_menu *menuItem = getTrayMenuItem(action);
 
   if (menuItem && menuItem->cb) {
     menuItem->cb(menuItem);
   }
 }
 
-struct tray_menu *QtTrayMenu::getTrayMenuItem(QAction *action) {  // NOSONAR(cpp:S995): Use as defined in function interface
+struct tray_menu *QtTrayMenu::getTrayMenuItem(const QAction *action) {
   return static_cast<struct tray_menu *>(action->property("tray_menu_item").value<void *>());
 }
 

src/QtTrayMenu.h

@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@
 #ifndef TRAYMENU_H
 #define TRAYMENU_H
 
+// standard includes
+#include <array>
+#include <memory>
+
 // qt includes
 #include <QMenu>
 #include <QObject>
@@ -135,13 +139,16 @@ class QtTrayMenu: public QObject {
   void createNotification();
   void updateMenu(struct tray_menu *items);
   QIcon lookupIcon(QString icon) const;
+  int defaultArgc = 1;
+  std::array<char, 12> defaultArgv0 {'T', 'r', 'a', 'y', 'M', 'e', 'n', 'u', 'A', 'p', 'p', '\0'};
+  std::array<char *, 2> defaultArgv {defaultArgv0.data(), nullptr};
   QApplication *app = nullptr;
-  QSystemTrayIcon *trayIcon = nullptr;
-  QMenu *trayTopMenu = nullptr;
+  std::unique_ptr<QSystemTrayIcon> trayIcon;
+  std::unique_ptr<QMenu> trayTopMenu;
   struct tray *trayStruct = nullptr;
   bool running = false;
   bool blockingEventLoop = false;
-  struct tray_menu *getTrayMenuItem(QAction *action);
+  struct tray_menu *getTrayMenuItem(const QAction *action);
   mutable std::function<void()> notificationCallback = nullptr;
 
 private slots:

src/tray_qt.cpp

@@ -19,45 +19,41 @@
 
 namespace tray_qt {
   /**
-   * QtTrayMenu instance
+   * @brief Process-wide state backing the C tray API.
    */
-  std::unique_ptr<QtTrayMenu> qt_tray_menu = nullptr;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5421): mutable state, not const
-  /**
-   * Logging callback for qt_message_handler
-   */
-  void (*log_callback)(int, const char *) = nullptr;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5421): mutable state, not const
-  /**
-   * Explicit Qt application metadata configured through the C API.
-   */
-  bool app_info_configured = false;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5421): mutable state, not const
-  /**
-   * Qt application name configured through the C API.
-   */
-  QString app_name;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5421): mutable state, not const
-  /**
-   * Qt application display name configured through the C API.
-   */
-  QString app_display_name;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5421): mutable state, not const
+  struct State {
+    std::unique_ptr<QtTrayMenu> trayMenu;  ///< Active tray menu instance.
+    void (*logCallback)(int, const char *) = nullptr;  ///< Registered C logging callback.
+    bool appInfoConfigured = false;  ///< Whether application metadata was explicitly configured.
+    QString appName;  ///< Configured application name.
+    QString appDisplayName;  ///< Configured application display name.
+    QString desktopName;  ///< Configured desktop file name.
+  };
+
   /**
-   * Qt desktop file name configured through the C API.
+   * @brief Access the process-wide tray API state.
+   * @return Mutable tray API state.
    */
-  QString desktop_name;  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5421): mutable state, not const
+  State &state() {
+    static State instance;
+    return instance;
+  }
 
   /**
    * @brief Acknowledge/click current notification.
    */
   void acknowledge_notification() {
-    if (qt_tray_menu != nullptr && QtTrayMenu::supportsMessages()) {
-      qt_tray_menu->clickMessage();
+    if (state().trayMenu != nullptr && QtTrayMenu::supportsMessages()) {
+      state().trayMenu->clickMessage();
     }
   }
 
   /**
    * @brief Clear current notification state without invoking callbacks.
    */
   void clear_notification() {
-    if (qt_tray_menu != nullptr) {
-      qt_tray_menu->clearMessageCallback();
+    if (state().trayMenu != nullptr) {
+      state().trayMenu->clearMessageCallback();
     }
   }
 
@@ -70,11 +66,11 @@ namespace tray_qt {
       clear_notification();
       return;
     }
-    if (qt_tray_menu != nullptr && QtTrayMenu::supportsMessages()) {
+    if (state().trayMenu != nullptr && QtTrayMenu::supportsMessages()) {
       if (tray->notification_icon != nullptr) {
-        qt_tray_menu->showMessage(tray->notification_title, tray->notification_text, tray->notification_icon, tray->notification_cb);
+        state().trayMenu->showMessage(tray->notification_title, tray->notification_text, tray->notification_icon, tray->notification_cb);
       } else {
-        qt_tray_menu->showMessage(tray->notification_title, tray->notification_text, tray->notification_cb);
+        state().trayMenu->showMessage(tray->notification_title, tray->notification_text, tray->notification_cb);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -84,14 +80,15 @@ namespace tray_qt {
    * @param allow_defaults Whether empty app info values should apply fallback defaults.
    */
   void apply_app_info(const bool allow_defaults = true) {
-    if (!app_info_configured || qt_tray_menu == nullptr) {
+    const auto &current_state = state();
+    if (!current_state.appInfoConfigured || current_state.trayMenu == nullptr) {
       return;
     }
-    if (!allow_defaults && app_name.isEmpty() && app_display_name.isEmpty()) {
+    if (!allow_defaults && current_state.appName.isEmpty() && current_state.appDisplayName.isEmpty()) {
       return;
     }
 
-    qt_tray_menu->configureAppMetadata(app_name, app_display_name, desktop_name);
+    current_state.trayMenu->configureAppMetadata(current_state.appName, current_state.appDisplayName, current_state.desktopName);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -114,7 +111,7 @@ namespace tray_qt {
    * @param msg The message string.
    */
   void qt_message_handler(QtMsgType type, const QMessageLogContext &, const QString &msg) {
-    if (log_callback == nullptr) {
+    if (state().logCallback == nullptr) {
       return;
     }
     int level;
@@ -132,29 +129,31 @@ namespace tray_qt {
         level = 3;
         break;
     }
-    log_callback(level, msg.toUtf8().constData());
+    state().logCallback(level, msg.toUtf8().constData());
   }
 }  // namespace tray_qt
 
 extern "C" {
   void tray_set_app_info(const char *app_name, const char *app_display_name, const char *desktop_name) {
-    tray_qt::app_info_configured = true;
-    tray_qt::app_name = app_name != nullptr ? QString::fromUtf8(app_name) : QString();
-    tray_qt::app_display_name = app_display_name != nullptr ? QString::fromUtf8(app_display_name) : QString();
-    tray_qt::desktop_name = desktop_name != nullptr ? QString::fromUtf8(desktop_name) : QString();
+    auto &state = tray_qt::state();
+    state.appInfoConfigured = true;
+    state.appName = app_name != nullptr ? QString::fromUtf8(app_name) : QString();
+    state.appDisplayName = app_display_name != nullptr ? QString::fromUtf8(app_display_name) : QString();
+    state.desktopName = desktop_name != nullptr ? QString::fromUtf8(desktop_name) : QString();
 
     tray_qt::apply_app_info();
   }
 
   int tray_init(struct tray *tray) {
-    if (tray_qt::qt_tray_menu == nullptr) {
+    auto &state = tray_qt::state();
+    if (state.trayMenu == nullptr) {
       tray_qt::configure_platform();
       // Create a new unique pointer to QtTrayMenu instance
-      tray_qt::qt_tray_menu = std::make_unique<QtTrayMenu>();
+      state.trayMenu = std::make_unique<QtTrayMenu>();
       tray_qt::apply_app_info(false);
     }
 
-    if (const auto result = tray_qt::qt_tray_menu->init(tray, false); result < 0) {
+    if (const auto result = state.trayMenu->init(tray, false); result < 0) {
       // Tray init failed. Clean up and return error.
       tray_exit();
       return result;
@@ -173,18 +172,18 @@ extern "C" {
   }
 
   int tray_loop(int blocking) {
-    if (tray_qt::qt_tray_menu == nullptr) {
+    if (tray_qt::state().trayMenu == nullptr) {
       return -1;
     }
-    return tray_qt::qt_tray_menu->loop(blocking);
+    return tray_qt::state().trayMenu->loop(blocking);
   }
 
   void tray_update(struct tray *tray) {  // NOSONAR(cpp:S995): C API requires this exact mutable-pointer signature
-    if (tray_qt::qt_tray_menu == nullptr) {
+    if (tray_qt::state().trayMenu == nullptr) {
       return;
     }
 
-    auto *const tray_menu = tray_qt::qt_tray_menu.get();
+    auto *const tray_menu = tray_qt::state().trayMenu.get();
     const auto apply_update = [tray_menu, tray]() {
       tray_menu->update(tray, false);
       tray_qt::notify(tray);
@@ -200,14 +199,14 @@ extern "C" {
   }
 
   void tray_exit(void) {
-    if (tray_qt::qt_tray_menu == nullptr) {
+    if (tray_qt::state().trayMenu == nullptr) {
       return;
     }
-    tray_qt::qt_tray_menu->exit();
+    tray_qt::state().trayMenu->exit();
   }
 
   void tray_set_log_callback(void (*cb)(int level, const char *msg)) {  // NOSONAR(cpp:S5205): C API requires a plain function pointer callback type
-    tray_qt::log_callback = cb;
+    tray_qt::state().logCallback = cb;
     if (cb != nullptr) {
       qInstallMessageHandler(tray_qt::qt_message_handler);
     } else {
@@ -216,17 +215,17 @@ extern "C" {
   }
 
   void tray_show_menu(void) {
-    if (tray_qt::qt_tray_menu == nullptr) {
+    if (tray_qt::state().trayMenu == nullptr) {
       return;
     }
-    tray_qt::qt_tray_menu->showMenu();
+    tray_qt::state().trayMenu->showMenu();
   }
 
   void tray_simulate_menu_item_click(int index) {
-    if (tray_qt::qt_tray_menu == nullptr) {
+    if (tray_qt::state().trayMenu == nullptr) {
       return;
     }
-    tray_qt::qt_tray_menu->clickMenuItem(index);
+    tray_qt::state().trayMenu->clickMenuItem(index);
   }
 
   void tray_simulate_notification_click(void) {