@@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ several key areas where disengagement manifests its detrimental effects
1111 Disengaged students are less likely to interact with course materials,
1212 participate in discussions, or complete assignments, directly leading
1313 to lower grades, poorer understanding of concepts, and ultimately,
14- reduced learning outcomes [ 1, 7 ] . This can manifest as a decline in
14+ reduced learning outcomes [ 1, 5 ] . This can manifest as a decline in
1515 performance over time, particularly in self-paced or asynchronous courses.
1616
17172 . ## ** Decreased Motivation and Satisfaction:**
1818
1919 A lack of engagement often correlates with diminished student motivation and
20- overall satisfaction with the learning experience [ 7 ] . Students may feel
20+ overall satisfaction with the learning experience [ 5 ] . Students may feel
2121 disconnected from the course and their peers, leading to a loss of interest
2222 and a perception that the online format is less effective or fulfilling than
2323 traditional learning [ 3] .
@@ -36,15 +36,15 @@ several key areas where disengagement manifests its detrimental effects
3636 can lead to feelings of social isolation. Disengaged students often struggle
3737 to connect with peers and instructors, missing out on collaborative learning
3838 opportunities and the sense of community that supports persistence and deeper
39- learning [ 1, 3] . This can be a significant source of stress [ 10 ] .
39+ learning [ 1, 3] . This can be a significant source of stress [ 6 ] .
4040
41415 . ## ** Negative Emotional and Mental Health Implications:**
4242
4343 The challenges associated with online learning, including disengagement, can
4444 contribute to increased stress levels and negative emotional states. Students
4545 may find it difficult to manage the pace of coursework and feel overwhelmed,
46- impacting their mental well-being [ 1, 10 ] . Some studies indicate a decline in
47- student motivation and engagement since the shift to more online learning [ 5 ] .
46+ impacting their mental well-being [ 1, 6 ] . Some studies indicate a decline in
47+ student motivation and engagement since the shift to more online learning [ 4 ] .
4848
4949### In summary
5050
@@ -68,13 +68,13 @@ Student Attitudes and Experiences. *Frontiers in Education*, 7, 851019.
6868performance and engagement. * Education and Information Technologies* .
6969[ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44217-024-00253-0 ]
7070
71- [ 5 ] EdWeek Research Center. (2020, November).
71+ [ 4 ] EdWeek Research Center. (2020, November).
7272* Survey: Teachers Say Student Motivation and Engagement Have Declined Since Pandemic* .
7373[ https://www.nasbe.org/getting-students-engaged-in-learning/ ]
7474
75- [ 7 ] Bergdahl, N. (2022). (PDF) Engagement and disengagement in online learning.
75+ [ 5 ] Bergdahl, N. (2022). (PDF) Engagement and disengagement in online learning.
7676* ResearchGate* .
7777[ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361181458_Engagement_and_disengagement_in_online_learning ]
7878
79- [ 10 ] IDRA. (n.d.). * Mental Health Implications of Virtual Learning on Student Engagement* .
79+ [ 6 ] IDRA. (n.d.). * Mental Health Implications of Virtual Learning on Student Engagement* .
8080[ https://www.idra.org/resource-center/mental-health-implications-of-virtual-learning-on-student-engagement/ ]
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