[sql_server] initial draft of docs (#32458)

This PR adds an initial draft of docs for the SQL Server source. It's
largely based off of the MySQL and Postgres docs.

I totally removed the section on replicating SQL Server with Debezium
and Kafka, but I can re-add that if we'd prefer until the SQL Server
source is out of private preview.

### Motivation

Closes MaterializeInc/database-issues#9200

### Tips for reviewer

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### Checklist

- [ ] This PR has adequate test coverage / QA involvement has been duly
considered. ([trigger-ci for additional test/nightly
runs](https://trigger-ci.dev.materialize.com/))
- [ ] This PR has an associated up-to-date [design
doc](https://github.com/MaterializeInc/materialize/blob/main/doc/developer/design/README.md),
is a design doc
([template](https://github.com/MaterializeInc/materialize/blob/main/doc/developer/design/00000000_template.md)),
or is sufficiently small to not require a design.
  <!-- Reference the design in the description. -->
- [ ] If this PR evolves [an existing `$T ⇔ Proto$T`
mapping](https://github.com/MaterializeInc/materialize/blob/main/doc/developer/command-and-response-binary-encoding.md)
(possibly in a backwards-incompatible way), then it is tagged with a
`T-proto` label.
- [ ] If this PR will require changes to cloud orchestration or tests,
there is a companion cloud PR to account for those changes that is
tagged with the release-blocker label
([example](MaterializeInc/cloud#5021)).
<!-- Ask in #team-cloud on Slack if you need help preparing the cloud
PR. -->
- [ ] If this PR includes major [user-facing behavior
changes](https://github.com/MaterializeInc/materialize/blob/main/doc/developer/guide-changes.md#what-changes-require-a-release-note),
I have pinged the relevant PM to schedule a changelog post.

Author: ParkMyCar

doc/user/config.toml

@@ -26,12 +26,6 @@ weight = 5
 # Connect sources
 #
 
-[[menu.main]]
-name = "SQL Server"
-parent = 'ingest-data'
-identifier = 'sql-server'
-weight = 15
-
 [[menu.main]]
 name = "CockroachDB"
 parent = 'ingest-data'

doc/user/content/concepts/sources.md

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ Materialize bundles native connectors for the following external systems:
 - [Redpanda](/sql/create-source/kafka)
 - [PostgreSQL](/sql/create-source/postgres)
 - [MySQL](/sql/create-source/mysql/)
+- [SQL Server](/sql/create-source/sql-server)
 - [Webhooks](/sql/create-source/webhook/)
 
 For details on the syntax, supported formats and features of each connector, check out the dedicated `CREATE SOURCE` documentation pages.

doc/user/content/get-started/_index.md

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Materialize provides **native connectors** that allow ingesting data from variou
 {{< linkbox title="Databases (CDC)" >}}
 - [PostgreSQL](/ingest-data/postgres/)
 - [MySQL](/ingest-data/mysql/)
-- [SQL Server](/ingest-data/cdc-sql-server/)
+- [SQL Server](/ingest-data/sql-server)
 - [CockroachDB](/ingest-data/cdc-cockroachdb/)
 - [MongoDB](https://github.com/MaterializeIncLabs/materialize-mongodb-debezium)
 {{</ linkbox >}}

doc/user/content/ingest-data/_index.md

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ You can ingest data into Materialize from various external systems:
 {{< linkbox title="Databases (CDC)" >}}
 - [PostgreSQL](/ingest-data/postgres/)
 - [MySQL](/ingest-data/mysql/)
-- [SQL Server](/ingest-data/cdc-sql-server/)
+- [SQL Server](/ingest-data/sql-server/)
 - [MongoDB](https://github.com/MaterializeIncLabs/materialize-mongodb-debezium)
 - [CockroachDB](/ingest-data/cdc-cockroachdb/)
 {{</ linkbox >}}

doc/user/content/ingest-data/cdc-sql-server.md

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ sources instead.
 |------------|---------------------| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
 | PostgreSQL | ✓                   | {{% ingest-data/postgres-native-support %}}                                                    |
 | MySQL      | ✓                   | {{% ingest-data/mysql-native-support %}}                                                       |
-| SQL Server |                     | [Kafka + Debezium](/ingest-data/cdc-sql-server/)                                               |
+| SQL Server | ✓                   | {{% ingest-data/sql-server-native-support %}}                                                  |
 | Oracle     |                     | [Kafka + Debezium](https://debezium.io/documentation/reference/stable/connectors/oracle.html)  |
 | MongoDB    |                     | [Kafka + Debezium](https://debezium.io/documentation/reference/stable/connectors/mongodb.html) |
 

doc/user/content/ingest-data/debezium.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+title: "SQL Server"
+description: "Connecting Materialize to a SQL Server database for Change Data Capture (CDC)."
+disable_list: true
+menu:
+  main:
+    parent: 'ingest-data'
+    identifier: 'sql-server'
+    weight: 15
+---
+
+## Change Data Capture (CDC)
+
+Materialize supports SQL Server as a real-time data source. The [SQL Server source](/sql/create-source/sql-server/)
+uses SQL Server's change data capture feature to **continually ingest changes**
+resulting from CRUD operations in the upstream database. The native support for
+SQL Server Change Data Capture (CDC) in Materialize gives you the following benefits:
+
+* **No additional infrastructure:** Ingest SQL Server change data into Materialize in
+    real-time with no architectural changes or additional operational overhead.
+    In particular, you **do not need to deploy Kafka and Debezium** for SQL Server
+    CDC.
+
+* **Transactional consistency:** The SQL Server source ensures that transactions in
+    the upstream SQL Server database are respected downstream. Materialize will
+    **never show partial results** based on partially replicated transactions.
+
+* **Incrementally updated materialized views:** Incrementally updated Materialized
+    views are considerably **limited in SQL Server**, so you can use Materialize as
+    a read-replica to build views on top of your SQL Server data that are
+    efficiently maintained and always up-to-date.
+
+* **Supported versions:** Materialize supports replicating data from SQL Server 2016
+    or higher.
+
+* **Integration Guides**
+    * [Self-hosted SQL Server](/ingest-data/sql-server/self-hosted/)