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<div class="section" id="basic-concept-of-algorithm">
<h1>4.1. Basic concept of algorithm<a class="headerlink" href="#basic-concept-of-algorithm" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>An <strong>algorithm</strong> is a set of unambiguous simple instructions. It ends after a finite amount of operations and produces a result from input data.
The algorithm is designed to be executed by the processor. If the processor is a computer, then the algorithm is traduced in a programming language (ie. C/C++, Python, Fortran, Java, etc.) and becomes a <strong>program</strong>.</p>
<p>The developpement of a programm is following different steps and actors.</p>
<div class="figure align-center" id="id1">
<span id="fig-chap3-program"></span><a class="reference internal image-reference" href="_images/program.jpg"><img alt="_images/program.jpg" src="_images/program.jpg" style="width: 364.5px; height: 220.5px;" /></a>
<p class="caption"><span class="caption-number">Figure 4.1: </span><span class="caption-text">Main steps of program development</span></p>
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<p>The analyse step consists on proposing a solution to the problem by writting an algorithm together with a set of verification tests proving the algorithm value.</p>
<div class="section" id="simple-algorithm-example">
<h2>4.1.1. Simple algorithm example<a class="headerlink" href="#simple-algorithm-example" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Recipe of a chocolate cake is an algorithm as it includes a list of simple instructions that takes ingredients in input and produces a chocolate cake as result:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li>Preheat oven at 180°C.</li>
<li>Melt chocolate and butter together.</li>
<li>Whisk 3 eggs.</li>
<li>Add chestnut cream and beat with eggs.</li>
<li>Incorporate melt chocolate.</li>
<li>Bake for 35 min at 180°C.</li>
</ol>
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<h2>4.1.2. Flowchart representation of an algorithm<a class="headerlink" href="#flowchart-representation-of-an-algorithm" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Algorithms can be more complex than the preceding recipe. For example it can contains structured instructions. In that case, it can be usefull to represent the algorithm using a flowchart.</p>
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<p class="caption"><span class="caption-number">Figure 4.2: </span><span class="caption-text">A basic algorithm example with conditional instructions.</span></p>
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