Add pkg/nvpassthrough for binding GPUs to the vfio-pci driver

This is mostly a direct port from https://github.com/NVIDIA/k8s-driver-manager/tree/fd043d8f5f74a26b04f83f1eb11b659d402e94de/internal/nvpassthrough

Signed-off-by: Christopher Desiniotis <cdesiniotis@nvidia.com>

Author: cdesiniotis

go.mod

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 module github.com/NVIDIA/go-nvlib
 
-go 1.20
+go 1.24.0
+
+toolchain go1.24.12
 
 require (
 	github.com/NVIDIA/go-nvml v0.13.0-1
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.40.0
 )
 
 require (

go.sum

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZb
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1 h1:7s2iGBzp5EwR7/aIZr8ao5+dra3wiQyKjjFuvgVKu7U=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1/go.mod h1:wZwfW3scLgRK+23gO65QZefKpKQRnfz6sD981Nm4B6U=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.40.0 h1:DBZZqJ2Rkml6QMQsZywtnjnnGvHza6BTfYFWY9kjEWQ=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.40.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405 h1:yhCVgyC4o1eVCa2tZl7eS0r+SDo693bJlVdllGtEeKM=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=

pkg/nvpassthrough/kmod.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package nvpassthrough
+
+import (
+	"os/exec"
+)
+
+type kernelModules struct {
+	root string
+}
+
+func newKernelModules(root string) *kernelModules {
+	km := &kernelModules{
+		root: root,
+	}
+	return km
+}
+
+func (km *kernelModules) load(module string) error {
+	cmd := exec.Command("chroot", km.root, "modprobe", module)
+	return cmd.Run()
+}

pkg/nvpassthrough/logger.go

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/**
+# Copyright (c) NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+**/
+
+package nvpassthrough
+
+type basicLogger interface {
+	Debugf(string, ...interface{})
+	Warnf(string, ...interface{})
+	Infof(string, ...interface{})
+}
+
+type nullLogger struct{}
+
+func (n *nullLogger) Debugf(string, ...interface{}) {}
+
+func (n *nullLogger) Warnf(string, ...interface{}) {}
+
+func (n *nullLogger) Infof(string, ...interface{}) {}

pkg/nvpassthrough/modalias.go

@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package nvpassthrough
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+)
+
+const (
+	vfioPciAliasPrefix string = "alias vfio_pci:"
+)
+
+// modAlias is a decomposed version of string like this
+//
+// vNNNNNNNNdNNNNNNNNsvNNNNNNNNsdNNNNNNNNbcNNscNNiNN
+//
+// The "NNNN" are always of the length in the example
+// unless replaced with a wildcard ("*").
+type modAlias struct {
+	vendor               string // v
+	device               string // d
+	subvendor            string // sv
+	subdevice            string // sd
+	baseClass            string // bc
+	subClass             string // sc
+	programmingInterface string // i
+}
+
+// vfioAlias represents an entry from the modules.alias file for a vfio driver.
+type vfioAlias struct {
+	modAlias *modAlias // The modalias pattern
+	driver   string    // The vfio driver name
+}
+
+func parseModAliasString(input string) (*modAlias, error) {
+	if input == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("modalias string is empty")
+	}
+
+	input = strings.TrimSpace(input)
+
+	// Trim the leading "pci:" prefix in the modalias file
+	_, input, ok := strings.Cut(input, "pci:")
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected number of parts in modalias after trimming 'pci:' prefix: %s", input)
+	}
+
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(input, "v") {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("modalias must start with 'v', got: %s", input)
+	}
+	ma := &modAlias{}
+	var before, after string
+	var found bool
+	after = strings.TrimPrefix(input, "v")
+
+	before, after, found = strings.Cut(after, "d")
+	if !found {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to find delimiter 'd' in %q", input)
+	}
+	ma.vendor = before
+
+	before, after, found = strings.Cut(after, "sv")
+	if !found {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to find delimiter 'sv' in %q", input)
+	}
+	ma.device = before
+
+	before, after, found = strings.Cut(after, "sd")
+	if !found {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to find delimiter 'sd' in %q", input)
+	}
+	ma.subvendor = before
+
+	before, after, found = strings.Cut(after, "bc")
+	if !found {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to find delimiter 'bc' in %q", input)
+	}
+	ma.subdevice = before
+
+	before, after, found = strings.Cut(after, "sc")
+	if !found {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to find delimiter 'sc' in input %q", input)
+	}
+	ma.baseClass = before
+
+	before, after, found = strings.Cut(after, "i")
+	if !found {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to find delimiter 'i' in %q", input)
+	}
+	ma.subClass = before
+	ma.programmingInterface = after
+
+	return ma, nil
+}
+
+func getKernelVersion() (string, error) {
+	var uname unix.Utsname
+	if err := unix.Uname(&uname); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	// Convert C-style byte array to Go string
+	release := make([]byte, 0, len(uname.Release))
+	for _, c := range uname.Release {
+		if c == 0 {
+			break
+		}
+		release = append(release, c)
+	}
+
+	return string(release), nil
+}
+
+func getVFIOAliases() ([]vfioAlias, error) {
+	kernelVersion, err := getKernelVersion()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get kernel version: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	modulesAliasFilePath := filepath.Join(libModulesRoot, kernelVersion, "modules.alias")
+	modulesAliasContent, err := os.ReadFile(modulesAliasFilePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read file %s: %w", modulesAliasFilePath, err)
+	}
+
+	// Get all vfio aliases from the modules.alias file
+	// (all lines starting with 'alias vfio_pci:')
+	return getVFIOAliasesFromString(string(modulesAliasContent)), nil
+
+}
+
+// getVFIOAliases returns the vfio driver aliases from the input string.
+// The input string is expected to be the content of a modules.alias file.
+// Only lines that begin with 'alias vfio_pci:' are parsed, with the
+// format being: alias vfio_pci:<modalias string> <driver_name>.
+func getVFIOAliasesFromString(input string) []vfioAlias {
+	var aliases []vfioAlias
+
+	lines := strings.Split(input, "\n")
+	for _, line := range lines {
+		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
+
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(line, vfioPciAliasPrefix) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		split := strings.SplitN(line, " ", 3)
+		if len(split) != 3 {
+			continue
+		}
+		modAliasStr := split[1]
+		modAlias, err := parseModAliasString(modAliasStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		driver := split[2]
+		aliases = append(aliases, vfioAlias{
+			modAlias: modAlias,
+			driver:   driver,
+		})
+	}
+
+	return aliases
+}
+
+// findBestMatch finds the best matching VFIO driver for the given modalias
+// by comparing against all available vfio alias patterns. The best match
+// is the one with the fewest wildcard characters.
+func findBestMatch(deviceModAlias *modAlias, aliases []vfioAlias) string {
+	var bestDriver string
+	bestWildcardCount := math.MaxInt
+
+	for _, alias := range aliases {
+		if matches, wildcardCount := matchModalias(deviceModAlias, alias.modAlias); matches {
+			if wildcardCount < bestWildcardCount {
+				bestDriver = alias.driver
+				bestWildcardCount = wildcardCount
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return bestDriver
+}
+
+// matchModalias checks if a device modalias matches a pattern from modules.alias
+// Returns true if it matches and the number of wildcards.
+func matchModalias(deviceModAlias, patternModAlias *modAlias) (bool, int) {
+	wildcardCount := 0
+
+	modAliasType := reflect.TypeOf(*deviceModAlias)
+	deviceModAliasValue := reflect.ValueOf(*deviceModAlias)
+	patternModAliasValue := reflect.ValueOf(*patternModAlias)
+
+	// iterate over both modAlias structs, comparing each field
+	for i := 0; i < modAliasType.NumField(); i++ {
+		deviceValue := deviceModAliasValue.Field(i).String()
+		patternValue := patternModAliasValue.Field(i).String()
+
+		if patternValue == "*" {
+			wildcardCount++
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if deviceValue != patternValue {
+			return false, wildcardCount
+		}
+	}
+	return true, wildcardCount
+}