Model Context Protocol (MCP) gir fleksibilitet i transportmekanismer, og tillater egendefinerte implementasjoner for spesialiserte bedriftsmiljøer. Denne avanserte veiledningen utforsker egendefinerte transportimplementasjoner ved bruk av Azure Event Grid og Azure Event Hubs som praktiske eksempler for å bygge skalerbare, sky-native MCP-løsninger.
Mens MCPs standardtransporter (stdio og HTTP streaming) dekker de fleste bruksområder, krever bedriftsmiljøer ofte spesialiserte transportmekanismer for forbedret skalerbarhet, pålitelighet og integrasjon med eksisterende skyinfrastruktur. Egendefinerte transporter gjør det mulig for MCP å utnytte sky-native meldings tjenester for asynkron kommunikasjon, hendelsesdrevne arkitekturer og distribuert behandling.
Denne leksjonen utforsker avanserte transportimplementasjoner basert på den nyeste MCP-spesifikasjonen (2025-11-25), Azure meldings tjenester og etablerte bedriftsintegrasjonsmønstre.
Fra MCP-spesifikasjonen (2025-11-25):
- Standardtransporter: stdio (anbefalt), HTTP streaming (for eksterne scenarier)
- Egendefinerte transporter: Enhver transport som implementerer MCP meldingsutvekslingsprotokoll
- Meldingsformat: JSON-RPC 2.0 med MCP-spesifikke utvidelser
- Toveis kommunikasjon: Full dupleks kommunikasjon kreves for varsler og svar
Ved slutten av denne avanserte leksjonen vil du kunne:
- Forstå krav til egendefinerte transporter: Implementere MCP-protokoll over hvilken som helst transportlag samtidig som du opprettholder samsvar
- Bygge Azure Event Grid Transport: Lage hendelsesdrevne MCP-servere ved bruk av Azure Event Grid for serverløs skalerbarhet
- Implementere Azure Event Hubs Transport: Designe høy gjennomstrømming MCP-løsninger ved bruk av Azure Event Hubs for sanntidsstrømming
- Anvende bedriftsmønstre: Integrere egendefinerte transporter med eksisterende Azure-infrastruktur og sikkerhetsmodeller
- Håndtere transportpålitelighet: Implementere meldingsholdbarhet, rekkefølge og feilhåndtering for bedrifts scenarier
- Optimalisere ytelse: Designe transportløsninger for skala, latenstid og gjennomstrømmingskrav
Message Protocol:
format: "JSON-RPC 2.0 with MCP extensions"
bidirectional: "Full duplex communication required"
ordering: "Message ordering must be preserved per session"
Transport Layer:
reliability: "Transport MUST handle connection failures gracefully"
security: "Transport MUST support secure communication"
identification: "Each session MUST have unique identifier"
Custom Transport:
compliance: "MUST implement complete MCP message exchange"
extensibility: "MAY add transport-specific features"
interoperability: "MUST maintain protocol compatibility"Azure Event Grid tilbyr en serverløs hendelsesrutingstjeneste ideell for hendelsesdrevne MCP-arkitekturer. Denne implementasjonen demonstrerer hvordan man bygger skalerbare, løst koblede MCP-systemer.
graph TB
Client[MCP-klient] --> EG[Azure Event Grid]
EG --> Server[MCP Server-funksjon]
Server --> EG
EG --> Client
subgraph "Azure-tjenester"
EG
Server
KV[Nøkkellager]
Monitor[Applikasjonsinnsikt]
end
using Azure.Messaging.EventGrid;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Azure;
using System.Text.Json;
public class EventGridMcpTransport : IMcpTransport
{
private readonly EventGridPublisherClient _publisher;
private readonly string _topicEndpoint;
private readonly string _clientId;
public EventGridMcpTransport(string topicEndpoint, string accessKey, string clientId)
{
_publisher = new EventGridPublisherClient(
new Uri(topicEndpoint),
new AzureKeyCredential(accessKey));
_topicEndpoint = topicEndpoint;
_clientId = clientId;
}
public async Task SendMessageAsync(McpMessage message)
{
var eventGridEvent = new EventGridEvent(
subject: $"mcp/{_clientId}",
eventType: "MCP.MessageReceived",
dataVersion: "1.0",
data: JsonSerializer.Serialize(message))
{
Id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(),
EventTime = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow
};
await _publisher.SendEventAsync(eventGridEvent);
}
public async Task<McpMessage> ReceiveMessageAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
// Event Grid is push-based, so implement webhook receiver
// This would typically be handled by Azure Functions trigger
throw new NotImplementedException("Use EventGridTrigger in Azure Functions");
}
}
// Azure Function for receiving Event Grid events
[FunctionName("McpEventGridReceiver")]
public async Task<IActionResult> HandleEventGridMessage(
[EventGridTrigger] EventGridEvent eventGridEvent,
ILogger log)
{
try
{
var mcpMessage = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<McpMessage>(
eventGridEvent.Data.ToString());
// Process MCP message
var response = await _mcpServer.ProcessMessageAsync(mcpMessage);
// Send response back via Event Grid
await _transport.SendMessageAsync(response);
return new OkResult();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
log.LogError(ex, "Error processing Event Grid MCP message");
return new BadRequestResult();
}
}import { EventGridPublisherClient, AzureKeyCredential } from "@azure/eventgrid";
import { McpTransport, McpMessage } from "./mcp-types";
export class EventGridMcpTransport implements McpTransport {
private publisher: EventGridPublisherClient;
private clientId: string;
constructor(
private topicEndpoint: string,
private accessKey: string,
clientId: string
) {
this.publisher = new EventGridPublisherClient(
topicEndpoint,
new AzureKeyCredential(accessKey)
);
this.clientId = clientId;
}
async sendMessage(message: McpMessage): Promise<void> {
const event = {
id: crypto.randomUUID(),
source: `mcp-client-${this.clientId}`,
type: "MCP.MessageReceived",
time: new Date(),
data: message
};
await this.publisher.sendEvents([event]);
}
// Hendelsesdrevet mottak via Azure Functions
onMessage(handler: (message: McpMessage) => Promise<void>): void {
// Implementeringen vil bruke Azure Functions Event Grid-trigger
// Dette er et konseptuelt grensesnitt for webhook-mottakeren
}
}
// Azure Functions-implementering
import { app, InvocationContext, EventGridEvent } from "@azure/functions";
app.eventGrid("mcpEventGridHandler", {
handler: async (event: EventGridEvent, context: InvocationContext) => {
try {
const mcpMessage = event.data as McpMessage;
// Behandle MCP-melding
const response = await mcpServer.processMessage(mcpMessage);
// Send svar via Event Grid
await transport.sendMessage(response);
} catch (error) {
context.error("Error processing MCP message:", error);
throw error;
}
}
});from azure.eventgrid import EventGridPublisherClient, EventGridEvent
from azure.core.credentials import AzureKeyCredential
import asyncio
import json
from typing import Callable, Optional
import uuid
from datetime import datetime
class EventGridMcpTransport:
def __init__(self, topic_endpoint: str, access_key: str, client_id: str):
self.client = EventGridPublisherClient(
topic_endpoint,
AzureKeyCredential(access_key)
)
self.client_id = client_id
self.message_handler: Optional[Callable] = None
async def send_message(self, message: dict) -> None:
"""Send MCP message via Event Grid"""
event = EventGridEvent(
data=message,
subject=f"mcp/{self.client_id}",
event_type="MCP.MessageReceived",
data_version="1.0"
)
await self.client.send(event)
def on_message(self, handler: Callable[[dict], None]) -> None:
"""Register message handler for incoming events"""
self.message_handler = handler
# Implementering av Azure Functions
import azure.functions as func
import logging
def main(event: func.EventGridEvent) -> None:
"""Azure Functions Event Grid trigger for MCP messages"""
try:
# Analyser MCP-melding fra Event Grid-hendelse
mcp_message = json.loads(event.get_body().decode('utf-8'))
# Behandle MCP-melding
response = process_mcp_message(mcp_message)
# Send svar tilbake via Event Grid
# (Implementeringen ville opprette en ny Event Grid-klient)
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Error processing MCP Event Grid message: {e}")
raiseAzure Event Hubs tilbyr høy gjennomstrømming og sanntidsstrømmingsmuligheter for MCP-scenarier som krever lav latenstid og høyt meldingsvolum.
graph TB
Client[MCP-klient] --> EH[Azure Event Hubs]
EH --> Server[MCP-server]
Server --> EH
EH --> Client
subgraph "Funksjoner i Event Hubs"
Partition[Partisjonering]
Retention[Meldingslagring]
Scaling[Autoskalering]
end
EH --> Partition
EH --> Retention
EH --> Scaling
using Azure.Messaging.EventHubs;
using Azure.Messaging.EventHubs.Producer;
using Azure.Messaging.EventHubs.Consumer;
using System.Text;
public class EventHubsMcpTransport : IMcpTransport, IDisposable
{
private readonly EventHubProducerClient _producer;
private readonly EventHubConsumerClient _consumer;
private readonly string _consumerGroup;
private readonly CancellationTokenSource _cancellationTokenSource;
public EventHubsMcpTransport(
string connectionString,
string eventHubName,
string consumerGroup = "$Default")
{
_producer = new EventHubProducerClient(connectionString, eventHubName);
_consumer = new EventHubConsumerClient(
consumerGroup,
connectionString,
eventHubName);
_consumerGroup = consumerGroup;
_cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
}
public async Task SendMessageAsync(McpMessage message)
{
var messageBody = JsonSerializer.Serialize(message);
var eventData = new EventData(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(messageBody));
// Add MCP-specific properties
eventData.Properties.Add("MessageType", message.Method ?? "response");
eventData.Properties.Add("MessageId", message.Id);
eventData.Properties.Add("Timestamp", DateTimeOffset.UtcNow);
await _producer.SendAsync(new[] { eventData });
}
public async Task StartReceivingAsync(
Func<McpMessage, Task> messageHandler)
{
await foreach (PartitionEvent partitionEvent in _consumer.ReadEventsAsync(
_cancellationTokenSource.Token))
{
try
{
var messageBody = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(
partitionEvent.Data.EventBody.ToArray());
var mcpMessage = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<McpMessage>(messageBody);
await messageHandler(mcpMessage);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
// Handle deserialization or processing errors
Console.WriteLine($"Error processing message: {ex.Message}");
}
}
}
public void Dispose()
{
_cancellationTokenSource?.Cancel();
_producer?.DisposeAsync().AsTask().Wait();
_consumer?.DisposeAsync().AsTask().Wait();
_cancellationTokenSource?.Dispose();
}
}import {
EventHubProducerClient,
EventHubConsumerClient,
EventData
} from "@azure/event-hubs";
export class EventHubsMcpTransport implements McpTransport {
private producer: EventHubProducerClient;
private consumer: EventHubConsumerClient;
private isReceiving = false;
constructor(
private connectionString: string,
private eventHubName: string,
private consumerGroup: string = "$Default"
) {
this.producer = new EventHubProducerClient(
connectionString,
eventHubName
);
this.consumer = new EventHubConsumerClient(
consumerGroup,
connectionString,
eventHubName
);
}
async sendMessage(message: McpMessage): Promise<void> {
const eventData: EventData = {
body: JSON.stringify(message),
properties: {
messageType: message.method || "response",
messageId: message.id,
timestamp: new Date().toISOString()
}
};
await this.producer.sendBatch([eventData]);
}
async startReceiving(
messageHandler: (message: McpMessage) => Promise<void>
): Promise<void> {
if (this.isReceiving) return;
this.isReceiving = true;
const subscription = this.consumer.subscribe({
processEvents: async (events, context) => {
for (const event of events) {
try {
const messageBody = event.body as string;
const mcpMessage: McpMessage = JSON.parse(messageBody);
await messageHandler(mcpMessage);
// Oppdater sjekkpunkt for minst-en-gang levering
await context.updateCheckpoint(event);
} catch (error) {
console.error("Error processing Event Hubs message:", error);
}
}
},
processError: async (err, context) => {
console.error("Event Hubs error:", err);
}
});
}
async close(): Promise<void> {
this.isReceiving = false;
await this.producer.close();
await this.consumer.close();
}
}from azure.eventhub import EventHubProducerClient, EventHubConsumerClient
from azure.eventhub import EventData
import json
import asyncio
from typing import Callable, Dict, Any
import logging
class EventHubsMcpTransport:
def __init__(
self,
connection_string: str,
eventhub_name: str,
consumer_group: str = "$Default"
):
self.producer = EventHubProducerClient.from_connection_string(
connection_string,
eventhub_name=eventhub_name
)
self.consumer = EventHubConsumerClient.from_connection_string(
connection_string,
consumer_group=consumer_group,
eventhub_name=eventhub_name
)
self.is_receiving = False
async def send_message(self, message: Dict[str, Any]) -> None:
"""Send MCP message via Event Hubs"""
event_data = EventData(json.dumps(message))
# Legg til MCP-spesifikke egenskaper
event_data.properties = {
"messageType": message.get("method", "response"),
"messageId": message.get("id"),
"timestamp": "2025-01-14T10:30:00Z" # Bruk faktisk tidsstempel
}
async with self.producer:
event_data_batch = await self.producer.create_batch()
event_data_batch.add(event_data)
await self.producer.send_batch(event_data_batch)
async def start_receiving(
self,
message_handler: Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], None]
) -> None:
"""Start receiving MCP messages from Event Hubs"""
if self.is_receiving:
return
self.is_receiving = True
async with self.consumer:
await self.consumer.receive(
on_event=self._on_event_received(message_handler),
starting_position="-1" # Start fra begynnelsen
)
def _on_event_received(self, handler: Callable):
"""Internal event handler wrapper"""
async def handle_event(partition_context, event):
try:
# Analyser MCP-melding fra Event Hubs-hendelse
message_body = event.body_as_str(encoding='UTF-8')
mcp_message = json.loads(message_body)
# Behandle MCP-melding
await handler(mcp_message)
# Oppdater sjekkpunkt for minst-en-gang levering
await partition_context.update_checkpoint(event)
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"Error processing Event Hubs message: {e}")
return handle_event
async def close(self) -> None:
"""Clean up transport resources"""
self.is_receiving = False
await self.producer.close()
await self.consumer.close()// Implementing message durability with retry logic
public class ReliableTransportWrapper : IMcpTransport
{
private readonly IMcpTransport _innerTransport;
private readonly RetryPolicy _retryPolicy;
public async Task SendMessageAsync(McpMessage message)
{
await _retryPolicy.ExecuteAsync(async () =>
{
try
{
await _innerTransport.SendMessageAsync(message);
}
catch (TransportException ex) when (ex.IsRetryable)
{
// Log and retry
throw;
}
});
}
}// Integrating Azure Key Vault for transport security
public class SecureTransportFactory
{
private readonly SecretClient _keyVaultClient;
public async Task<IMcpTransport> CreateEventGridTransportAsync()
{
var accessKey = await _keyVaultClient.GetSecretAsync("EventGridAccessKey");
var topicEndpoint = await _keyVaultClient.GetSecretAsync("EventGridTopic");
return new EventGridMcpTransport(
topicEndpoint.Value.Value,
accessKey.Value.Value,
Environment.MachineName
);
}
}// Adding telemetry to custom transports
public class ObservableTransport : IMcpTransport
{
private readonly IMcpTransport _transport;
private readonly ILogger _logger;
private readonly TelemetryClient _telemetryClient;
public async Task SendMessageAsync(McpMessage message)
{
using var activity = Activity.StartActivity("MCP.Transport.Send");
activity?.SetTag("transport.type", "EventGrid");
activity?.SetTag("message.method", message.Method);
var stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
try
{
await _transport.SendMessageAsync(message);
_telemetryClient.TrackDependency(
"EventGrid",
"SendMessage",
DateTime.UtcNow.Subtract(stopwatch.Elapsed),
stopwatch.Elapsed,
true
);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_telemetryClient.TrackException(ex);
throw;
}
}
}Bruke Azure Event Grid for å distribuere MCP-forespørsler på tvers av flere behandlingsnoder:
Architecture:
- MCP Client sends requests to Event Grid topic
- Multiple Azure Functions subscribe to process different tool types
- Results aggregated and returned via separate response topic
Benefits:
- Horizontal scaling based on message volume
- Fault tolerance through redundant processors
- Cost optimization with serverless computeBruke Azure Event Hubs for høyfrekvente MCP-interaksjoner:
Architecture:
- MCP Client streams continuous requests via Event Hubs
- Stream Analytics processes and routes messages
- Multiple consumers handle different aspect of processing
Benefits:
- Low latency for real-time scenarios
- High throughput for batch processing
- Built-in partitioning for parallel processingKombinere flere transporter for ulike bruksområder:
public class HybridMcpTransport : IMcpTransport
{
private readonly IMcpTransport _realtimeTransport; // Event Hubs
private readonly IMcpTransport _batchTransport; // Event Grid
private readonly IMcpTransport _fallbackTransport; // HTTP Streaming
public async Task SendMessageAsync(McpMessage message)
{
// Route based on message characteristics
var transport = message.Method switch
{
"tools/call" when IsRealtime(message) => _realtimeTransport,
"resources/read" when IsBatch(message) => _batchTransport,
_ => _fallbackTransport
};
await transport.SendMessageAsync(message);
}
}public class BatchingEventGridTransport : IMcpTransport
{
private readonly List<McpMessage> _messageBuffer = new();
private readonly Timer _flushTimer;
private const int MaxBatchSize = 100;
public async Task SendMessageAsync(McpMessage message)
{
lock (_messageBuffer)
{
_messageBuffer.Add(message);
if (_messageBuffer.Count >= MaxBatchSize)
{
_ = Task.Run(FlushMessages);
}
}
}
private async Task FlushMessages()
{
List<McpMessage> toSend;
lock (_messageBuffer)
{
toSend = new List<McpMessage>(_messageBuffer);
_messageBuffer.Clear();
}
if (toSend.Any())
{
var events = toSend.Select(CreateEventGridEvent);
await _publisher.SendEventsAsync(events);
}
}
}public class PartitionedEventHubsTransport : IMcpTransport
{
public async Task SendMessageAsync(McpMessage message)
{
// Partition by client ID for session affinity
var partitionKey = ExtractClientId(message);
var eventData = new EventData(JsonSerializer.SerializeToUtf8Bytes(message))
{
PartitionKey = partitionKey
};
await _producer.SendAsync(new[] { eventData });
}
}[Test]
public async Task EventGridTransport_SendMessage_PublishesCorrectEvent()
{
// Arrange
var mockPublisher = new Mock<EventGridPublisherClient>();
var transport = new EventGridMcpTransport(mockPublisher.Object);
var message = new McpMessage { Method = "tools/list", Id = "test-123" };
// Act
await transport.SendMessageAsync(message);
// Assert
mockPublisher.Verify(
x => x.SendEventAsync(
It.Is<EventGridEvent>(e =>
e.EventType == "MCP.MessageReceived" &&
e.Subject == "mcp/test-client"
)
),
Times.Once
);
}[Test]
public async Task EventHubsTransport_IntegrationTest()
{
// Using Testcontainers for integration testing
var eventHubsContainer = new EventHubsContainer()
.WithEventHub("test-hub");
await eventHubsContainer.StartAsync();
var transport = new EventHubsMcpTransport(
eventHubsContainer.GetConnectionString(),
"test-hub"
);
// Test message round-trip
var sentMessage = new McpMessage { Method = "test", Id = "123" };
McpMessage receivedMessage = null;
await transport.StartReceivingAsync(msg => {
receivedMessage = msg;
return Task.CompletedTask;
});
await transport.SendMessageAsync(sentMessage);
await Task.Delay(1000); // Allow for message processing
Assert.That(receivedMessage?.Id, Is.EqualTo("123"));
}- Idempotens: Sørg for at meldingsbehandling er idempotent for å håndtere duplikater
- Feilhåndtering: Implementer omfattende feilhåndtering og køer for døde brev
- Overvåking: Legg til detaljert telemetri og helsesjekker
- Sikkerhet: Bruk administrerte identiteter og minst privilegium-tilgang
- Ytelse: Design for dine spesifikke latenstids- og gjennomstrømmingskrav
- Bruk administrert identitet: Unngå tilkoblingsstrenger i produksjon
- Implementer kretsbrytere: Beskytt mot Azure-tjenesteavbrudd
- Overvåk kostnader: Følg med på meldingsvolum og behandlingskostnader
- Planlegg for skala: Design partisjonering og skaleringsstrategier tidlig
- Test grundig: Bruk Azure DevTest Labs for omfattende testing
Egendefinerte MCP-transporter muliggjør kraftige bedrifts scenarier ved bruk av Azures meldings tjenester. Ved å implementere Event Grid- eller Event Hubs-transporter kan du bygge skalerbare, pålitelige MCP-løsninger som integreres sømløst med eksisterende Azure-infrastruktur.
De oppgitte eksemplene demonstrerer produksjonsklare mønstre for implementering av egendefinerte transporter samtidig som MCP-protokollsamsvar og Azures beste praksis opprettholdes.
- MCP Specification 2025-06-18
- Azure Event Grid Documentation
- Azure Event Hubs Documentation
- Azure Functions Event Grid Trigger
- Azure SDK for .NET
- Azure SDK for TypeScript
- Azure SDK for Python
Denne veiledningen fokuserer på praktiske implementasjonsmønstre for produksjonsklare MCP-systemer. Valider alltid transportimplementasjoner mot dine spesifikke krav og Azure-tjenestebegrensninger. Gjeldende standard: Denne veiledningen reflekterer MCP Specification 2025-06-18 transportkrav og avanserte transportmønstre for bedriftsmiljøer.
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