A simplified example as follows:

Markdown:

> [!eqn] Open Addressing with Quadratic Probing
> $$ h(k, i) = (h'(k) + c_1 \cdot i + c_2 \cdot i^2) \mod m $$
<!--ID: 1708997849864-->

Notes added to Anki using this regex:

^\> *\[\!(?:ret|def|eqn|thm)\][-\+]? ?((?:[^\n])+)?\n*((?:\n(?:^.{1,3}$|^.{4}(?<!<!--).*))+)

Which matches some types of callouts.

In Anki, I get:
Front: Open Addressing with Quadratic Probing
Back: h(k, i) = (h&;(k) + c_1 \cdot i + c_2 \cdot i^2) \mod m
Tags: 039, obsidian

I read through the source code and from what I understand, inside Math blocks, the mathjax/latex is masked. When it's unmasked, ' char is masked and then replaced with '. The RegexNote.parse method removes the #039 if the option to make obsidian tags to anki tags is on.