The firmware used in qemu-zcu102 is from Xilinx v2022.1 (built Aug/Sept 2022)
I tried to upgrade to AMD Xilinx v2024.1 firmware but failed.
I have also tried to upgrade in the past and failed.
runqemu in a fresh build of v2024.1 does work so it should be possible.
Work in progress is here:
https://github.com/wmamills/openamp-demo/tree/wip-new-firmware