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docs: scope DPA4 selection guidance
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README.md

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| --- | ----------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| 🧬 | **Pretrained-first workflows** | Download [pretrained DPA4 models][dpa4-omat24], fine-tune full models, or adapt supported pretrained representations to downstream properties with [DPA-ADAPT]. |
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| 🏗️ | **Training from scratch** | Design a model for a new system or physical target, then train it with single-task, multi-task, and distributed workflows across supported backends. |
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| 🧠 | **Modern model portfolio** | Start with [DPA4] when accuracy is the priority, or [DPA4C] when simulation throughput and system size are the binding constraints. |
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| 🧠 | **Modern model portfolio** | For conservative energy/force interatomic potentials, start with [DPA4] for accuracy or [DPA4C] for simulation throughput and scale. |
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| 🧲 | **More than energy and force** | Model virials, Hessians, spin and magnetic forces, dipoles, polarizabilities, electronic density of states, atomic populations, and arbitrary intensive or extensive properties. |
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| 🔄 | **Backend flexibility** | Train or run supported models with [TensorFlow, PyTorch, JAX, or Paddle][backends], with backend-aware model formats and conversion paths for compatible architectures. |
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| 🚀 | **Performance from training to MD** | Use CPUs, CUDA GPUs, ROCm source builds, distributed training, compiled DPA4 paths, compressed DPA4C CUDA inference, AOTInductor `.pt2` export, and MPI-enabled simulation. |
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## 🧠 Choose a model family
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Start with the DPA4 family. The choice between its two primary models follows
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the constraint that matters most for your workload:
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For conservative energy/force interatomic potentials, start with the DPA4
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family. The choice between its two primary models follows the constraint that
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matters most for your workload:
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| Priority | Start with | Why |
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| ---------------------------------- | ---------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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DPA4 uses the PyTorch backend (`dp --pt`). DPA4C currently uses the PyTorch
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Exportable backend (`dp --pt-expt`); its compressed CUDA path requires
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`float32`. Older model families remain available when their backend coverage or
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compatibility is required.
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`float32`.
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Use the [model guide][model-guide] to compare model families, supported backends,
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targets, data formats, precision, compression, and deployment constraints.
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For other physical targets, use the [model guide][model-guide] to select a
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compatible model and backend. The guide also compares data formats, precision,
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compression, and deployment constraints.
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<p align="center">
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<img alt="DPA4 and DPA4C energy and force accuracy versus saturated throughput" src="./doc/_static/dpa4-performance.webp" width="1200">
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</p>
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<p align="center"><em>DPA4 and DPA4C span accuracy–throughput trade-offs for different deployment budgets.</em></p>
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<p align="center"><em>For energy/force potentials, DPA4 and DPA4C span accuracy–throughput trade-offs for different deployment budgets.</em></p>
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## 🔬 Go beyond conventional force fields
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