Setup GS backend directory structure (#313)

# Purpose
Set up the gs backend directory structure. A lot of backend tasks are
blocked until this gets merged.
https://www.notion.so/uworbital/Setup-GS-backend-1898a26d767780149972cc87f7ca78d3

# New Changes
- Create directory structure for gs backend
- Add files that were relevant from the gs onboarding

# Testing
- mypy
- `fastapi dev gs/backend/main.py` successfully creates a backend but
there are no routes currently
- There is no functionality being added so no additional tests are
required

# Outstanding Changes
- Implement gs backend

---------

Co-authored-by: William Chiu <williamrchiu18@gmail.com>

Author: Yarik-Popov

gs/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+from gs.backend.api.middleware.auth_middleware import AuthMiddleware
+from gs.backend.api.middleware.cors_middleware import add_cors_middleware
+from gs.backend.api.middleware.logger_middleware import LoggerMiddleware
+from gs.backend.api.v1.aro.endpoints.picture_requests import picture_requests_router
+from gs.backend.api.v1.aro.endpoints.user import aro_user_router
+from gs.backend.api.v1.mcc.endpoints.aro_requests import aro_requests_router
+from gs.backend.api.v1.mcc.endpoints.commands import commands_router
+from gs.backend.api.v1.mcc.endpoints.telemetry import telemetry_router
+
+
+def setup_routes(app: FastAPI) -> None:
+    """Adds the routes to the app"""
+    version_1 = "/api/v1"
+
+    # ARO routes
+    aro_prefix = f"{version_1}/aro"
+    app.include_router(aro_user_router, prefix=f"{aro_prefix}/user")
+    app.include_router(picture_requests_router, prefix=f"{aro_prefix}/requests")
+
+    # MCC routes
+    mcc_prefix = f"{version_1}/mcc"
+    app.include_router(commands_router, prefix=f"{mcc_prefix}/commands")
+    app.include_router(telemetry_router, prefix=f"{mcc_prefix}/telemetry")
+    app.include_router(aro_requests_router, prefix=f"{mcc_prefix}/requests")
+
+
+def setup_middlewares(app: FastAPI) -> None:
+    """Adds the middlewares to the app"""
+    add_cors_middleware(app)  # Cors middleware should be added first
+    app.add_middleware(AuthMiddleware)
+    app.add_middleware(LoggerMiddleware)

gs/backend/api/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+
+@asynccontextmanager
+async def lifespan(_: FastAPI) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
+    """Lifecycle event for the FastAPI app."""
+    yield

gs/backend/api/backend_setup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from fastapi import Request, Response
+from starlette.middleware.base import BaseHTTPMiddleware, RequestResponseEndpoint
+
+
+class AuthMiddleware(BaseHTTPMiddleware):
+    """Middleware that is responsible for authenticating the user"""
+
+    async def dispatch(self, request: Request, call_next: RequestResponseEndpoint) -> Response:
+        """Authenticates the user"""
+        # TODO: Implement authentication here
+        response = await call_next(request)
+        return response

gs/backend/api/lifespan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+
+
+def add_cors_middleware(app: FastAPI) -> None:
+    """
+    Adds the cors middleware to the FastAPI app
+
+    @param app: FastAPI app to add the middleware to
+    """
+    app.add_middleware(
+        CORSMiddleware,
+        allow_origins=["http://localhost:5173"],
+        allow_credentials=True,
+        allow_methods=["*"],
+        allow_headers=["*"],
+    )

gs/backend/api/middleware/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from fastapi import Request, Response
+from starlette.middleware.base import BaseHTTPMiddleware, RequestResponseEndpoint
+
+
+class LoggerMiddleware(BaseHTTPMiddleware):
+    """Middleware that logs the request and response"""
+
+    async def dispatch(self, request: Request, call_next: RequestResponseEndpoint) -> Response:
+        """Logs the request and response"""
+        # TODO: Add logging here
+        response = await call_next(request)
+        return response