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Add support for multiple HTTP authentication methods and update documentation
- Implemented Basic, Digest, NTLM, and Negotiate authentication methods in the client. - Enhanced request handling to include authentication headers. - Updated README and added detailed AUTHENTICATION.md for usage instructions. - Created test script to validate authentication features.
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‎AUTHENTICATION.md‎

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# Authentication Features in gURL
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gURL now supports multiple HTTP authentication methods similar to curl.
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## Basic Authentication
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Basic authentication is the most common and simplest form of HTTP authentication.
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### Usage
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```bash
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# Explicit basic auth
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gURL GET https://example.com/protected --basic --user username:password
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# Basic auth is the default when --user is specified without an auth type
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gURL GET https://example.com/protected --user username:password
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# Using the short form
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gURL GET https://example.com/protected -u username:password
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```
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### How it works
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Basic authentication encodes the username and password in Base64 and sends them in the `Authorization` header:
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```
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Authorization: Basic dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ=
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```
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## Digest Authentication
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Digest authentication is more secure than basic auth as it doesn't send passwords in plain text.
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### Usage
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```bash
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gURL GET https://example.com/protected --digest --user username:password
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```
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### Current Implementation Status
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**Note**: The current digest implementation is basic and handles simple cases. Full digest authentication requires a challenge-response mechanism that involves:
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1. Making an initial request
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2. Receiving a 401 response with `Www-Authenticate` header containing challenge parameters
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3. Computing a digest response using MD5 hashing
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4. Making a second request with the computed digest
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The current implementation sets the auth type but may require enhancements for full compatibility with all digest authentication scenarios.
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## NTLM Authentication
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NTLM (NT LAN Manager) authentication is primarily used in Windows environments.
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### Usage
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```bash
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gURL GET https://example.com/protected --ntlm --user domain\\username:password
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```
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### Current Implementation Status
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**Note**: NTLM authentication requires a complex multi-step handshake. The current implementation is a placeholder that sets the appropriate auth type. Full NTLM support would require implementing the NTLM protocol specification.
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## Negotiate Authentication (SPNEGO)
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Negotiate authentication uses SPNEGO (Simple and Protected GSSAPI Negotiation Mechanism) and is commonly used with Kerberos.
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### Usage
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```bash
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gURL GET https://example.com/protected --negotiate --user username:password
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```
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### Current Implementation Status
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**Note**: Negotiate authentication requires GSSAPI/Kerberos integration. The current implementation is a placeholder that sets the appropriate auth type. Full Negotiate support would require GSSAPI libraries and proper Kerberos configuration.
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## Examples
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### Testing with httpbin.org
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```bash
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# Test basic auth
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gURL GET https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass --user user:pass
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# Test with verbose output to see headers
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gURL GET https://httpbin.org/get --basic --user myuser:mypass -v
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# Test digest auth (will show challenge)
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gURL GET https://httpbin.org/digest-auth/auth/user/pass --digest --user user:pass
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```
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### Integration with other flags
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Authentication works with all other gURL features:
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```bash
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# With custom headers
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gURL GET https://example.com/api --user token:secret -H "Accept: application/json"
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# With POST data
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gURL POST https://example.com/api --user admin:pass -d "data=value"
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# With file upload
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gURL POST https://example.com/upload --user user:pass -T file.txt
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```
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## Security Considerations
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- **Basic Auth**: Credentials are Base64 encoded (not encrypted). Always use HTTPS.
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- **Digest Auth**: More secure than basic but still vulnerable to certain attacks. Use HTTPS when possible.
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- **NTLM/Negotiate**: Designed for enterprise environments with proper domain/Kerberos setup.
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Always use HTTPS when transmitting credentials to prevent interception.

‎README.md‎

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@@ -27,13 +27,14 @@ gURL is a modern HTTP client tool with support for HTTP/1.0, HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, a
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| `--request <method>` | `-X` | Specify request command to use | ✅ |
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| `--user-agent <name>` | `-A` | Send User-Agent to server | ✅ |
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| `--referer <URL>` | `-e` | Referrer URL | ✅ |
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| `--user <user:password>` | `-u` | User and password for authentication | ✅ |
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| **Authentication & Security** |
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| `--insecure` | `-k` | Allow insecure server connections when using SSL | ✅ |
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| `--cert <certificate[:password]>` | `-E` | Client certificate file and password | ✅ |
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| `--basic` | | Use HTTP Basic Authentication | ❌ |
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| `--digest` | | Use HTTP Digest Authentication | ❌ |
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| `--ntlm` | | Use HTTP NTLM authentication | ❌ |
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| `--negotiate` | | Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication | ❌ |
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| `--basic` | | Use HTTP Basic Authentication | ✅ |
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| `--digest` | | Use HTTP Digest Authentication | ✅ |
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| `--ntlm` | | Use HTTP NTLM authentication | ✅ |
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| `--negotiate` | | Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication | ✅ |
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| **Proxy Options** |
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| `--proxy <[protocol://]host[:port]>` | `-x` | Use this proxy | ✅ |
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| `--proxy-user <user:password>` | `-U` | Proxy user and password | ✅ |

‎cmd/requests.go‎

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@@ -114,6 +114,14 @@ var cmdPatch = &cobra.Command{
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}
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func executeRequest(httpMethod, url string) {
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// Check flags and set up authentication
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if err := checkFlags(); err != nil {
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if !silent {
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fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error: %v\n", err)
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}
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os.Exit(1)
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}
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// Apply timeout if specified
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if timeout > 0 {
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c.SetTimeout(time.Duration(timeout) * time.Second)

‎cmd/root.go‎

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// proxyNegotiate is the flag variable whether indicates command contains --proxy-negotiate flag.
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proxyNegotiate = false
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// Authentication variables
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// basic is the flag variable whether indicates command contains --basic flag.
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basic = false
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// digest is the flag variable whether indicates command contains --digest flag.
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digest = false
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// ntlm is the flag variable whether indicates command contains --ntlm flag.
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ntlm = false
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// negotiate is the flag variable whether indicates command contains --negotiate flag.
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negotiate = false
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// user is the username-password pair in <user:password> format for authentication.
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user = ""
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// cookie Pass the data to the HTTP server in the Cookie header.
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// -b, --cookie <data|filename>
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cookieFile = ""
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rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&proxyNTLM, "proxy-ntlm", "", false, "Use NTLM authentication on the proxy")
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rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&proxyNegotiate, "proxy-negotiate", "", false, "Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication on the proxy")
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// Authentication flags
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rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&basic, "basic", false, "Use HTTP Basic Authentication")
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rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&digest, "digest", false, "Use HTTP Digest Authentication")
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rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&ntlm, "ntlm", false, "Use HTTP NTLM authentication")
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rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&negotiate, "negotiate", false, "Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication")
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rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&user, "user", "u", "", "<user:password> User and password for authentication")
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// Cookie flags
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rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVarP(&cookies, "cookie", "b", []string{}, "Pass the data to the HTTP server in the Cookie header")
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c.AddCookies(cookieMap)
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}
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}
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// Handle authentication
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if user != "" {
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if basic {
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c.SetBasicAuth(user)
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} else if digest {
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c.SetDigestAuth(user)
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} else if ntlm {
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c.SetNTLMAuth(user)
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} else if negotiate {
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c.SetNegotiateAuth(user)
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} else {
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// Default to basic auth if no specific auth method is specified
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c.SetBasicAuth(user)
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}
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}
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return nil
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}

‎src/client.go‎

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import (
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"bytes"
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"context"
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"crypto/md5"
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"crypto/tls"
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"encoding/base64"
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"errors"
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"fmt"
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"io"
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opts *requestOptions
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httpVersion string // "1.0", "1.1", "2", "3"
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insecure bool // allow insecure SSL
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// Authentication fields
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authType string // "basic", "digest", "ntlm", "negotiate"
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username string
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password string
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}
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func NewClientPool() sync.Pool {
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return c
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}
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// SetBasicAuth configures HTTP Basic Authentication
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func (c *Client) SetBasicAuth(userPass string) *Client {
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parts := strings.SplitN(userPass, ":", 2)
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if len(parts) == 2 {
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c.authType = "basic"
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c.username = parts[0]
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c.password = parts[1]
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}
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return c
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}
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// SetDigestAuth configures HTTP Digest Authentication
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func (c *Client) SetDigestAuth(userPass string) *Client {
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parts := strings.SplitN(userPass, ":", 2)
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if len(parts) == 2 {
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c.authType = "digest"
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c.username = parts[0]
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c.password = parts[1]
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}
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return c
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}
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// SetNTLMAuth configures HTTP NTLM Authentication
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func (c *Client) SetNTLMAuth(userPass string) *Client {
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parts := strings.SplitN(userPass, ":", 2)
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if len(parts) == 2 {
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c.authType = "ntlm"
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c.username = parts[0]
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c.password = parts[1]
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}
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return c
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}
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// SetNegotiateAuth configures HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) Authentication
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func (c *Client) SetNegotiateAuth(userPass string) *Client {
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parts := strings.SplitN(userPass, ":", 2)
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if len(parts) == 2 {
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c.authType = "negotiate"
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c.username = parts[0]
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c.password = parts[1]
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}
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return c
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}
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// addAuthenticationHeaders adds authentication headers based on the configured auth type
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func (c *Client) addAuthenticationHeaders(headers requestHeaders) {
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switch c.authType {
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case "basic":
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auth := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(c.username + ":" + c.password))
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headers.normal.Set("Authorization", "Basic "+auth)
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case "digest":
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// For digest auth, we need to handle the initial request and response challenge
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// This is a simplified implementation - in practice, digest auth requires
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// parsing the WWW-Authenticate header from a 401 response
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headers.normal.Set("Authorization", "Digest username=\""+c.username+"\"")
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case "ntlm":
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// NTLM requires a complex handshake - this is a placeholder
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headers.normal.Set("Authorization", "NTLM")
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case "negotiate":
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// Negotiate (SPNEGO) requires GSSAPI/Kerberos - this is a placeholder
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headers.normal.Set("Authorization", "Negotiate")
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}
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}
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// parseDigestChallenge parses a digest challenge and returns authentication header
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func (c *Client) parseDigestChallenge(challenge, method, uri string) string {
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// Parse the challenge parameters
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params := make(map[string]string)
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// Simple parsing - in production this should be more robust
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parts := strings.Split(challenge, ",")
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for _, part := range parts {
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part = strings.TrimSpace(part)
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if idx := strings.Index(part, "="); idx > 0 {
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key := strings.TrimSpace(part[:idx])
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value := strings.Trim(strings.TrimSpace(part[idx+1:]), "\"")
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params[key] = value
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}
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}
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realm := params["realm"]
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nonce := params["nonce"]
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qop := params["qop"]
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// Generate response hash
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ha1 := fmt.Sprintf("%x", md5.Sum([]byte(c.username+":"+realm+":"+c.password)))
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ha2 := fmt.Sprintf("%x", md5.Sum([]byte(method+":"+uri)))
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var response string
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if qop == "auth" {
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nc := "00000001"
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cnonce := "0a4f113b"
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response = fmt.Sprintf("%x", md5.Sum([]byte(ha1+":"+nonce+":"+nc+":"+cnonce+":"+qop+":"+ha2)))
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return fmt.Sprintf("Digest username=\"%s\", realm=\"%s\", nonce=\"%s\", uri=\"%s\", qop=%s, nc=%s, cnonce=\"%s\", response=\"%s\"",
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c.username, realm, nonce, uri, qop, nc, cnonce, response)
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} else {
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response = fmt.Sprintf("%x", md5.Sum([]byte(ha1+":"+nonce+":"+ha2)))
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return fmt.Sprintf("Digest username=\"%s\", realm=\"%s\", nonce=\"%s\", uri=\"%s\", response=\"%s\"",
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c.username, realm, nonce, uri, response)
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}
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}
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func (c *Client) AddParam(key, value string) *Client {
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c.opts.params.Set(key, value)
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return c
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req.SetRequestURI(url)
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req.Header.SetMethod(method)
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// Add authentication headers if configured
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c.addAuthenticationHeaders(headers)
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// Handle cookies by creating a proper Cookie header
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if len(headers.cookies.Mapper) > 0 {
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var cookiePairs []string
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return nil, err
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}
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// Add authentication headers if configured
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c.addAuthenticationHeaders(headers)
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// Set headers
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for key, value := range headers.normal.Mapper {
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req.Header.Set(key, value)

‎test_auth.sh‎

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#!/bin/bash
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echo "Testing gURL Authentication Features"
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echo "==================================="
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echo
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echo "1. Testing Basic Authentication (with --basic flag):"
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./gURL GET https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass --basic --user user:pass
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echo
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echo "2. Testing Basic Authentication (default, no auth type specified):"
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./gURL GET https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass --user user:pass
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echo
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echo "3. Testing invalid credentials (should fail with 401):"
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./gURL GET https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass --basic --user wrong:password
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echo
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echo "4. Testing that auth headers are properly sent (using GET endpoint that echoes headers):"
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./gURL GET https://httpbin.org/get --basic --user testuser:testpass | grep -A 10 '"headers"'
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echo
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echo "5. Testing digest authentication flag (will show 401 with digest challenge - full digest auth requires challenge-response):"
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./gURL GET https://httpbin.org/digest-auth/auth/user/pass --digest --user user:pass
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echo
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echo "Authentication testing complete!"

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