Refactor command line interface

[myurkin]

Describe the solution you'd like

There are two general ideas, which are somewhat independent:

• Consider adopting one of the standards for command line options. For instance, short names with - and long names with --. This will, most probably, lead to deprecation of some of the existing options and, later, to major version update.
• Use standard library or functions for processing the command line options. Current implementation in ADDA is rather powerful, so not clear what is the benefit of a separate library. Still, looking at best practices can be useful for refinement and/or refactoring.

Additional context

This is related to many issues of new command lines, at least in view of specific names:
#8, #91, #202, #274, #275, #285, #303, #346