feat: add Azure Policy constraint parser (microsoft#658)

Add constraint.rs module that parses Azure Policy JSON constraints
into span-annotated AST nodes:

- Logical combinators: allOf, anyOf, not
- Leaf conditions: field/value with all 19 operators
- Count blocks: field-count and value-count with where clauses

Public API: parse_constraint() parses a standalone constraint from JSON.

Includes YAML-driven test suite with 6 test files covering operators,
fields, expressions, logical combinators, count, and parse errors.

Author: anakrish

src/languages/azure_policy/parser/constraint.rs

@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@ pub enum ParseError {
     InvalidCountName { span: Span },
     /// `name` used without `value` in count.
     MisplacedCountName { span: Span },
+    /// Multiple operator keys in a single condition.
+    MultipleOperators { span: Span },
+    /// A duplicate key was found in a JSON object.
+    DuplicateKey { span: Span, key: String },
     /// A custom error message (e.g., from sub-parsing).
     Custom { span: Span, message: String },
 }
@@ -137,6 +141,16 @@ impl core::fmt::Display for ParseError {
                     span.error("'name' can only be used with count-value")
                 )
             }
+            ParseError::MultipleOperators { ref span } => {
+                write!(
+                    f,
+                    "{}",
+                    span.error("only one operator key allowed in a condition")
+                )
+            }
+            ParseError::DuplicateKey { ref span, ref key } => {
+                write!(f, "{}", span.error(&format!("duplicate key \"{}\"", key)))
+            }
             ParseError::Custom {
                 ref span,
                 ref message,

src/languages/azure_policy/parser/error.rs

@@ -1,35 +1,60 @@
 // Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
 // Licensed under the MIT License.
 
-//! Core recursive-descent JSON parser for Azure Policy.
+//! Recursive-descent JSON parser for Azure Policy rule constraints.
 //!
-//! Provides the low-level token-driven parser (`core::Parser`) that reads JSON from
-//! [`Lexer`] tokens, building span-annotated AST values in a single pass.
-//! No intermediate `serde_json::Value` is created.
+//! Parses Azure Policy JSON directly from [`Lexer`] tokens, building span-annotated
+//! AST nodes in a single pass. No intermediate `serde_json::Value` is created.
 //!
-//! Higher-level policy-aware parsing (constraints, policy rules, policy
-//! definitions) is layered on top by sibling modules.
+//! The parser is policy-aware: when parsing JSON objects, it dispatches on key names
+//! (`allOf`, `anyOf`, `not`, `field`, `value`, `count`, operator names) to build
+//! the appropriate AST nodes.
 
-// Parser internals are consumed by constraint/policy_rule/policy_definition
-// modules added in a subsequent PR.
-#[allow(dead_code)]
-pub(crate) mod core;
+mod constraint;
+mod core;
 mod error;
 
 pub(super) use self::core::json_unescape;
 pub use error::ParseError;
 
 use alloc::string::ToString as _;
 
-use super::ast::{FieldKind, OperatorKind};
+use crate::lexer::{Source, TokenKind};
+
+use super::ast::{Constraint, FieldKind, OperatorKind};
 use super::expr::ExprParser;
 
+use self::core::Parser;
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Public API
+// ============================================================================
+
+/// Parse a standalone constraint from a JSON source.
+///
+/// A constraint is one of:
+/// - Logical combinator: `{ "allOf": [...] }`, `{ "anyOf": [...] }`, `{ "not": {...} }`
+/// - Leaf condition: `{ "field": "...", "equals": "..." }`
+/// - Count condition: `{ "count": { "field": "..." }, "greater": 0 }`
+pub fn parse_constraint(source: &Source) -> Result<Constraint, ParseError> {
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(source)?;
+    let constraint = parser.parse_constraint()?;
+
+    if parser.tok.0 != TokenKind::Eof {
+        return Err(ParseError::UnexpectedToken {
+            span: parser.tok.1.clone(),
+            expected: "end of input",
+        });
+    }
+
+    Ok(constraint)
+}
+
 // ============================================================================
-// Helper functions (used by constraint/policy_rule/policy_definition modules)
+// Helper functions (used across submodules)
 // ============================================================================
 
 /// Check if a string is an ARM template expression (`[...]` but not `[[...`).
-#[allow(dead_code)]
 pub(super) fn is_template_expr(s: &str) -> bool {
     s.starts_with('[') && s.ends_with(']') && !s.starts_with("[[")
 }
@@ -51,7 +76,6 @@ fn unwrap(s: &str, prefix_len: usize, suffix_len: usize) -> &str {
 }
 
 /// Classify a field string into a [`FieldKind`].
-#[allow(dead_code)]
 pub(super) fn classify_field(
     text: &str,
     span: &crate::lexer::Span,
@@ -96,7 +120,6 @@ pub(super) fn classify_field(
 }
 
 /// Try to parse a lowercase key as an operator kind.
-#[allow(dead_code)]
 pub(super) fn parse_operator_kind(key: &str) -> Option<OperatorKind> {
     match key {
         "contains" => Some(OperatorKind::Contains),

src/languages/azure_policy/parser/mod.rs

@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@
 // Licensed under the MIT License.
 
 mod normalization;
+mod parser_tests;