fix(java): Compatible mode on de/serialize api failed to deserialize (#1996)

## What does this PR do?
Read and write class data on COMPATIBLE mode for de/serializeJavaObject
api.

When COMPATIBLE mode is on and need to serialize and deserialize
different POJO, users are required to register classes those are going
to be serialized or deserialized.

## Related issues

<!--
Is there any related issue? Please attach here.

- #xxxx0
- #xxxx1
- #xxxx2
-->

## Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

<!--
If any user-facing interface changes, please [open an
issue](https://github.com/apache/fury/issues/new/choose) describing the
need to do so and update the document if necessary.
-->

- [ ] Does this PR introduce any public API change?
- [ ] Does this PR introduce any binary protocol compatibility change?

## Benchmark

<!--
When the PR has an impact on performance (if you don't know whether the
PR will have an impact on performance, you can submit the PR first, and
if it will have impact on performance, the code reviewer will explain
it), be sure to attach a benchmark data here.
-->

---------

Co-authored-by: Shawn Yang <[email protected]>

Author: orisgarno

docs/guide/java_serialization_guide.md

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public class Example {
 | `compressLong`                      | Enables or disables long compression for smaller size.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | `true`                                                         |
 | `compressString`                    | Enables or disables string compression for smaller size.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | `false`                                                        |
 | `classLoader`                       | The classloader should not be updated; Fury caches class metadata. Use `LoaderBinding` or `ThreadSafeFury` for classloader updates.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | `Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader()`               |
-| `compatibleMode`                    | Type forward/backward compatibility config. Also Related to `checkClassVersion` config. `SCHEMA_CONSISTENT`: Class schema must be consistent between serialization peer and deserialization peer. `COMPATIBLE`: Class schema can be different between serialization peer and deserialization peer. They can add/delete fields independently.                                                                                                                                                                                      | `CompatibleMode.SCHEMA_CONSISTENT`                             |
+| `compatibleMode`                    | Type forward/backward compatibility config. Also Related to `checkClassVersion` config. `SCHEMA_CONSISTENT`: Class schema must be consistent between serialization peer and deserialization peer. `COMPATIBLE`: Class schema can be different between serialization peer and deserialization peer. They can add/delete fields independently. [See more](#class-inconsistency-and-class-version-check).                                                                                                                             | `CompatibleMode.SCHEMA_CONSISTENT`                             |
 | `checkClassVersion`                 | Determines whether to check the consistency of the class schema. If enabled, Fury checks, writes, and checks consistency using the `classVersionHash`. It will be automatically disabled when `CompatibleMode#COMPATIBLE` is enabled. Disabling is not recommended unless you can ensure the class won't evolve.                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | `false`                                                        |
 | `checkJdkClassSerializable`         | Enables or disables checking of `Serializable` interface for classes under `java.*`. If a class under `java.*` is not `Serializable`, Fury will throw an `UnsupportedOperationException`.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         | `true`                                                         |
 | `registerGuavaTypes`                | Whether to pre-register Guava types such as `RegularImmutableMap`/`RegularImmutableList`. These types are not public API, but seem pretty stable.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | `true`                                                         |
@@ -518,6 +518,13 @@ fury with
 `CompatibleMode.COMPATIBLE` has more performance and space cost, do not set it by default if your classes are always
 consistent between serialization and deserialization.
 
+### Deserialize POJO into another type
+
+Fury allows you to serialize one POJO and deserialize it into a different POJO. To achieve this, configure Fury with
+`CompatibleMode` set to `org.apache.fury.config.CompatibleMode.COMPATIBLE`. Additionally, you only need to register the
+specific classes you want to serialize or deserialize to setup type mapping relationship; there's no need to register any nested classes within them.
+[See example here](/java/fury-core/src/test/java/org/apache/fury/serializer/compatible/DifferentPOJOCompatibleSerializerTest.java)
+
 ### Use wrong API for deserialization
 
 If you serialize an object by invoking `Fury#serialize`, you should invoke `Fury#deserialize` for deserialization

java/fury-core/src/main/java/org/apache/fury/Fury.java

@@ -1065,6 +1065,7 @@ public void serializeJavaObject(MemoryBuffer buffer, Object obj) {
         buffer.writeInt32(-1); // preserve 4-byte for nativeObjects start offsets.
         if (!refResolver.writeRefOrNull(buffer, obj)) {
           ClassInfo classInfo = classResolver.getOrUpdateClassInfo(obj.getClass());
+          classResolver.writeClass(buffer, classInfo);
           writeData(buffer, classInfo, obj);
           MetaContext metaContext = serializationContext.getMetaContext();
           if (metaContext != null && !metaContext.writingClassDefs.isEmpty()) {
@@ -1114,7 +1115,13 @@ public <T> T deserializeJavaObject(MemoryBuffer buffer, Class<T> cls) {
       T obj;
       int nextReadRefId = refResolver.tryPreserveRefId(buffer);
       if (nextReadRefId >= NOT_NULL_VALUE_FLAG) {
-        obj = (T) readDataInternal(buffer, classResolver.getClassInfo(cls));
+        ClassInfo classInfo;
+        if (shareMeta) {
+          classInfo = classResolver.readClassInfo(buffer);
+        } else {
+          classInfo = classResolver.getClassInfo(cls);
+        }
+        obj = (T) readDataInternal(buffer, classInfo);
         return obj;
       } else {
         return null;

java/fury-core/src/test/java/org/apache/fury/serializer/EnumSerializerTest.java

@@ -134,8 +134,10 @@ public void testEnumSerializationAsString() {
             .build();
 
     // serialize enum "B"
+    furySerialization.register(cls1);
     byte[] bytes = furySerialization.serializeJavaObject(cls1.getEnumConstants()[1]);
 
+    furyDeserialize.register(cls2);
     Object data = furyDeserialize.deserializeJavaObject(bytes, cls2);
     assertEquals(cls2.getEnumConstants()[0], data);
   }
@@ -169,8 +171,10 @@ public void testEnumSerializationAsString_differentClass() {
             .build();
 
     // serialize enum "B"
+    furySerialization.register(cls1);
     byte[] bytes = furySerialization.serializeJavaObject(cls1.getEnumConstants()[1]);
 
+    furyDeserialize.register(cls2);
     Object data = furyDeserialize.deserializeJavaObject(bytes, cls2);
     assertEquals(cls2.getEnumConstants()[0], data);
   }
@@ -203,9 +207,11 @@ public void testEnumSerializationAsString_invalidEnum() {
             .withAsyncCompilation(false)
             .build();
 
+    furySerialization.register(cls1);
     byte[] bytes = furySerialization.serializeJavaObject(cls1.getEnumConstants()[0]);
 
     try {
+      furyDeserialize.register(cls2);
       furyDeserialize.deserializeJavaObject(bytes, cls2);
       fail("expected to throw exception");
     } catch (Exception e) {

java/fury-core/src/test/java/org/apache/fury/serializer/compatible/DifferentPOJOCompatibleSerializerTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.fury.serializer.compatible;
+
+import org.apache.fury.Fury;
+import org.apache.fury.config.CompatibleMode;
+import org.apache.fury.config.Language;
+import org.apache.fury.serializer.compatible.classes.ClassCompleteField;
+import org.apache.fury.serializer.compatible.classes.ClassMissingField;
+import org.testng.Assert;
+import org.testng.annotations.Test;
+
+/**
+ * Test COMPATIBILITY mode that supports - same field type and name can be deserialized to other
+ * class with different name - scrambled field order to make sure it could handle different field
+ * order - missing or extra field from source class to target class - generic class
+ */
+public class DifferentPOJOCompatibleSerializerTest extends Assert {
+
+  Fury getFury(Class<?>... classes) {
+    Fury instance =
+        Fury.builder()
+            .withLanguage(Language.JAVA)
+            .withRefTracking(true)
+            .withCompatibleMode(CompatibleMode.COMPATIBLE)
+            .withMetaShare(true)
+            .withScopedMetaShare(true)
+            .requireClassRegistration(false)
+            .withAsyncCompilation(true)
+            .serializeEnumByName(true)
+            .build();
+    if (classes != null) {
+      for (Class<?> clazz : classes) {
+        instance.register(clazz);
+      }
+    }
+    ;
+    return instance;
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void testTargetHasLessFieldComparedToSourceClass() throws InterruptedException {
+
+    ClassCompleteField<String> subclass = new ClassCompleteField<>("subclass", "subclass2");
+    ClassCompleteField<ClassCompleteField<String>> classCompleteField =
+        new ClassCompleteField<>(subclass, subclass);
+    byte[] serialized = getFury(ClassCompleteField.class).serializeJavaObject(classCompleteField);
+    ClassMissingField<ClassMissingField<String>> classMissingField =
+        getFury(ClassMissingField.class).deserializeJavaObject(serialized, ClassMissingField.class);
+
+    assertEq(classCompleteField, classMissingField);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  void testTargetHasMoreFieldComparedToSourceClass() throws InterruptedException {
+
+    ClassMissingField<String> subclass = new ClassMissingField<>("subclass");
+    ClassMissingField classMissingField = new ClassMissingField(subclass);
+    byte[] serialized = getFury(ClassMissingField.class).serializeJavaObject(classMissingField);
+
+    ClassCompleteField classCompleteField =
+        getFury(ClassCompleteField.class)
+            .deserializeJavaObject(serialized, ClassCompleteField.class);
+
+    assertEq(classCompleteField, classMissingField);
+  }
+
+  void assertEq(ClassCompleteField classCompleteField, ClassMissingField classMissingField) {
+    assertEqSubClass(
+        (ClassCompleteField) classCompleteField.getPrivateFieldSubClass(),
+        (ClassMissingField) classMissingField.getPrivateFieldSubClass());
+    assertEquals(classCompleteField.getPrivateMap(), classMissingField.getPrivateMap());
+    assertEquals(classCompleteField.getPrivateList(), classMissingField.getPrivateList());
+    assertEquals(classCompleteField.getPrivateString(), classMissingField.getPrivateString());
+    assertEquals(classCompleteField.getPrivateInt(), classMissingField.getPrivateInt());
+  }
+
+  void assertEqSubClass(
+      ClassCompleteField classCompleteField, ClassMissingField classMissingField) {
+    assertEquals(
+        classCompleteField.getPrivateFieldSubClass(), classMissingField.getPrivateFieldSubClass());
+    assertEquals(classCompleteField.getPrivateMap(), classMissingField.getPrivateMap());
+    assertEquals(classCompleteField.getPrivateList(), classMissingField.getPrivateList());
+    assertEquals(classCompleteField.getPrivateString(), classMissingField.getPrivateString());
+    assertEquals(classCompleteField.getPrivateInt(), classMissingField.getPrivateInt());
+  }
+}

java/fury-core/src/test/java/org/apache/fury/serializer/compatible/classes/ClassCompleteField.java

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.fury.serializer.compatible.classes;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
+import lombok.Getter;
+
+@EqualsAndHashCode
+@Getter
+public class ClassCompleteField<T> {
+  private boolean privateBoolean = true;
+  private int privateInt = 10;
+  private String privateString = "notNull";
+  private Map<String, String> privateMap;
+  private List<String> privateList;
+  private T privateFieldSubClass;
+
+  private boolean privateBoolean2 = true;
+  private int privateInt2 = 10;
+  private String privateString2 = "notNull";
+  private Map<String, String> privateMap2;
+  private List<String> privateList2;
+  private T privateFieldSubClass2;
+
+  public ClassCompleteField(T privateFieldSubClass, T privateFieldSubClass2) {
+    privateMap = new HashMap<>();
+    privateMap.put("a", "b");
+    privateList = new ArrayList<>();
+    privateList.add("a");
+
+    privateMap2 = new HashMap<>();
+    privateMap2.put("a", "b");
+    privateList2 = new ArrayList<>();
+    privateList2.add("a");
+
+    this.privateFieldSubClass = privateFieldSubClass;
+    this.privateFieldSubClass2 = privateFieldSubClass2;
+  }
+}

java/fury-core/src/test/java/org/apache/fury/serializer/compatible/classes/ClassMissingField.java

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.fury.serializer.compatible.classes;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
+import lombok.Getter;
+
+@EqualsAndHashCode
+@Getter
+public class ClassMissingField<T> {
+  private T privateFieldSubClass;
+  private List<String> privateList;
+  private Map<String, String> privateMap;
+  private String privateString = "missing";
+  private int privateInt = 999;
+  private boolean privateBoolean = false;
+
+  public ClassMissingField(T privateFieldSubClass) {
+    privateMap = new HashMap<>();
+    privateMap.put("z", "x");
+    privateList = new ArrayList<>();
+    privateList.add("c");
+    this.privateFieldSubClass = privateFieldSubClass;
+  }
+}

java/fury-core/src/test/java/org/apache/fury/serializer/compatible/classes/SubclassCompleteField.java

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.fury.serializer.compatible.classes;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
+import lombok.Getter;
+
+@Getter
+@EqualsAndHashCode
+public class SubclassCompleteField {
+  private boolean privateBoolean = true;
+  private int privateInt = 10;
+  private String privateString = "notNull";
+  private Map<String, String> privateMap;
+  private List<String> privateList;
+
+  private boolean privateBoolean2 = true;
+  private int privateInt2 = 10;
+  private String privateString2 = "notNull";
+  private Map<String, String> privateMap2;
+  private List<String> privateList2;
+
+  public SubclassCompleteField() {
+    privateMap = new HashMap<>();
+    privateMap.put("a", "b");
+    privateList = new ArrayList<>();
+    privateList.add("a");
+
+    privateMap2 = new HashMap<>();
+    privateMap2.put("a", "b");
+    privateList2 = new ArrayList<>();
+    privateList2.add("a");
+  }
+}

java/fury-core/src/test/java/org/apache/fury/serializer/compatible/classes/SubclassMissingField.java

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.fury.serializer.compatible.classes;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
+import lombok.Getter;
+
+@Getter
+@EqualsAndHashCode
+public class SubclassMissingField {
+  private boolean privateBoolean = true;
+  private int privateInt = 10;
+  private String privateString = "notNull";
+  private Map<String, String> privateMap;
+  private List<String> privateList;
+
+  public SubclassMissingField() {
+    privateMap = new HashMap<>();
+    privateMap.put("a", "b");
+    privateList = new ArrayList<>();
+    privateList.add("a");
+  }
+}