btop_collect.cpp

/* Copyright 2021 Aristocratos (jakob@qvantnet.com)

   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   You may obtain a copy of the License at

	   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.

indent = tab
tab-size = 4
*/

#include <Availability.h>
#include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
#include <IOKit/IOKitLib.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <libproc.h>
#include <mach/mach.h>
#include <mach/mach_host.h>
#include <mach/mach_init.h>
#include <mach/mach_types.h>
#include <mach/processor_info.h>
#include <mach/vm_statistics.h>
#include <mach/mach_time.h>
// BUGS
//     If both <net/if.h> and <ifaddrs.h> are being included, <net/if.h> must be
//     included before <ifaddrs.h>.
// from: https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/System/Conceptual/ManPages_iPhoneOS/man3/getifaddrs.3.html
#include <net/if.h>
#include <ifaddrs.h>
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/tcp_fsm.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/statvfs.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h> // for inet_ntop
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <utility>

#include <cmath>
#include <fstream>
#include <mutex>
#include <numeric>
#include <ranges>
#include <regex>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_set>

#include <fmt/format.h>

#include "../btop_config.hpp"
#include "../btop_log.hpp"
#include "../btop_shared.hpp"
#include "../btop_tools.hpp"

#if __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED > 101504
#include "sensors.hpp"
#endif
#include "smc.hpp"
#include "ioreport.hpp"

#if __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < 120000
#define kIOMainPortDefault kIOMasterPortDefault
#endif

using std::clamp, std::string_literals::operator""s, std::cmp_equal, std::cmp_less, std::cmp_greater;
using std::ifstream, std::numeric_limits, std::streamsize, std::round, std::max, std::min;
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
namespace rng = std::ranges;
using namespace Tools;

//? --------------------------------------------------- FUNCTIONS -----------------------------------------------------

namespace Cpu {
	vector<long long> core_old_totals;
	vector<long long> core_old_idles;
	vector<string> available_fields = {"Auto", "total"};
	vector<string> available_sensors = {"Auto"};
	cpu_info current_cpu;
	bool got_sensors = false, cpu_temp_only = false, supports_watts = false;
	int core_offset = 0;

	//* Populate found_sensors map
	bool get_sensors();

	//* Get current cpu clock speed
	string get_cpuHz();

	//* Search /proc/cpuinfo for a cpu name
	string get_cpuName();

	struct Sensor {
		fs::path path;
		string label;
		int64_t temp = 0;
		int64_t high = 0;
		int64_t crit = 0;
	};

	string cpu_sensor;
	vector<string> core_sensors;
	std::unordered_map<int, int> core_mapping;
	core_info cpu_core_info;
}  // namespace Cpu

namespace Mem {
	double old_uptime;
}

	class MachProcessorInfo {
	public:
		processor_info_array_t info_array;
		mach_msg_type_number_t info_count;
		MachProcessorInfo() {}
		virtual ~MachProcessorInfo() {vm_deallocate(mach_task_self(), (vm_address_t)info_array, (vm_size_t)sizeof(processor_info_array_t) * info_count);}
	};

namespace Shared {

	fs::path passwd_path;
	uint64_t totalMem;
	long pageSize, coreCount, clkTck, physicalCoreCount, arg_max;
	double machTck;
	int totalMem_len;

	void init() {
		//? Shared global variables init

		coreCount = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN); // this returns all logical cores (threads)
		if (coreCount < 1) {
			coreCount = 1;
			Logger::warning("Could not determine number of cores, defaulting to 1.");
		}

		size_t physicalCoreCountSize = sizeof(physicalCoreCount);
		if (sysctlbyname("hw.physicalcpu", &physicalCoreCount, &physicalCoreCountSize, nullptr, 0) < 0) {
			Logger::error("Could not get physical core count");
		}

		pageSize = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE);
		if (pageSize <= 0) {
			pageSize = 4096;
			Logger::warning("Could not get system page size. Defaulting to 4096, processes memory usage might be incorrect.");
		}

		mach_timebase_info_data_t convf;
		if (mach_timebase_info(&convf) == KERN_SUCCESS) {
			machTck = convf.numer / convf.denom;
		} else {
			Logger::warning("Could not get mach clock tick conversion factor. Defaulting to 100, processes cpu usage might be incorrect.");
			machTck = 100;
		}

		clkTck = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
		if (clkTck <= 0) {
			clkTck = 100;
			Logger::warning("Could not get system clock ticks per second. Defaulting to 100, processes cpu usage might be incorrect.");
		}

		int64_t memsize = 0;
		size_t size = sizeof(memsize);
		if (sysctlbyname("hw.memsize", &memsize, &size, nullptr, 0) < 0) {
			Logger::warning("Could not get memory size");
		}
		totalMem = memsize;

		//* Get maximum length of process arguments
		arg_max = sysconf(_SC_ARG_MAX);

		//? Init for namespace Cpu
		Cpu::current_cpu.core_percent.insert(Cpu::current_cpu.core_percent.begin(), Shared::coreCount, {});
		Cpu::current_cpu.temp.insert(Cpu::current_cpu.temp.begin(), Shared::coreCount + 1, {});
		Cpu::core_old_totals.insert(Cpu::core_old_totals.begin(), Shared::coreCount, 0);
		Cpu::core_old_idles.insert(Cpu::core_old_idles.begin(), Shared::coreCount, 0);
		Cpu::collect();
		for (auto &[field, vec] : Cpu::current_cpu.cpu_percent) {
			if (not vec.empty() and not v_contains(Cpu::available_fields, field)) Cpu::available_fields.push_back(field);
		}
		Cpu::cpuName = Cpu::get_cpuName();
		Cpu::got_sensors = Cpu::get_sensors();
		Cpu::core_mapping = Cpu::get_core_mapping();
		Cpu::cpu_core_info = Cpu::get_core_info();

		//? Init for namespace Mem
		Mem::old_uptime = system_uptime();
		Mem::collect();
	}

}  // namespace Shared

namespace Cpu {
	string cpuName;
	string cpuHz;
	bool has_battery = true;
	bool macM1 = false;
	tuple<int, float, long, string> current_bat;

	const array<string, 10> time_names = {"user", "nice", "system", "idle"};

	std::unordered_map<string, long long> cpu_old = {
		{"totals", 0},
		{"idles", 0},
		{"user", 0},
		{"nice", 0},
		{"system", 0},
		{"idle", 0}
	};

	string get_cpuName() {
		string name;
		char buffer[1024];
		size_t size = sizeof(buffer);
		if (sysctlbyname("machdep.cpu.brand_string", &buffer, &size, nullptr, 0) < 0) {
			Logger::error("Failed to get CPU name");
			return name;
		}
		return trim_name(string(buffer));
	}

	bool get_sensors() {
		Logger::debug("get_sensors(): show_coretemp={} check_temp={}", Config::getB("show_coretemp"), Config::getB("check_temp"));
		got_sensors = false;
		if (Config::getB("show_coretemp") and Config::getB("check_temp")) {
#if __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED > 101504
			ThermalSensors sensors;
			if (sensors.getSensors() > 0) {
				Logger::debug("M1 sensors found");
				got_sensors = true;
				cpu_temp_only = true;
				macM1 = true;
			} else {
#endif
				// try SMC (intel)
				Logger::debug("checking intel");
				try {
					SMCConnection smcCon;
					Logger::debug("SMC connection established");
					long long t = smcCon.getTemp(-1);  // check if we have package T
					if (t > -1) {
						Logger::debug("intel sensors found");
						got_sensors = true;
						t = smcCon.getTemp(0);
						if (t == -1) {
							// for some macs the core offset is 1 - check if we get a sane value with 1
							if (smcCon.getTemp(1) > -1) {
								Logger::debug("intel sensors with offset 1");
								core_offset = 1;
							}
						}
					} else {
						Logger::debug("no intel sensors found");
						got_sensors = false;
					}
				} catch (std::runtime_error &e) {
					Logger::debug("SMC not available: {}", e.what());
					// ignore, we don't have temp (common in VMs)
					got_sensors = false;
				}
#if __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED > 101504
			}
#endif
		}
		return got_sensors;
	}

	void update_sensors() {
		current_cpu.temp_max = 95;  // we have no idea how to get the critical temp
		try {
			if (macM1) {
#if __MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED > 101504
				ThermalSensors sensors;
				current_cpu.temp.at(0).push_back(sensors.getSensors());
				if (current_cpu.temp.at(0).size() > 20)
					current_cpu.temp.at(0).pop_front();
#endif
			} else {
				SMCConnection smcCon;
				int threadsPerCore = Shared::coreCount / Shared::physicalCoreCount;
				long long packageT = smcCon.getTemp(-1); // -1 returns package T
				current_cpu.temp.at(0).push_back(packageT);

				for (int core = 0; core < Shared::coreCount; core++) {
					long long temp = smcCon.getTemp((core / threadsPerCore) + core_offset); // same temp for all threads of same physical core
					if (cmp_less(core + 1, current_cpu.temp.size())) {
						current_cpu.temp.at(core + 1).push_back(temp);
						if (current_cpu.temp.at(core + 1).size() > 20)
							current_cpu.temp.at(core + 1).pop_front();
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (std::runtime_error &e) {
			got_sensors = false;
			Logger::error("failed getting CPU temp");
		}
	}

	string get_cpuHz() {
		unsigned int freq = 1;
		size_t size = sizeof(freq);

		int mib[] = {CTL_HW, HW_CPU_FREQ};

		if (sysctl(mib, 2, &freq, &size, nullptr, 0) < 0) {
			// this fails on Apple Silicon macs. Apparently you're not allowed to know
			return "";
		}
		return std::to_string(freq / 1000.0 / 1000.0 / 1000.0).substr(0, 3);
	}

	auto get_core_mapping() -> std::unordered_map<int, int> {
		std::unordered_map<int, int> core_map;
		if (cpu_temp_only) return core_map;

		natural_t cpu_count;
		natural_t i;
		MachProcessorInfo info {};
		kern_return_t error;

		error = host_processor_info(mach_host_self(), PROCESSOR_CPU_LOAD_INFO, &cpu_count, &info.info_array, &info.info_count);
		if (error != KERN_SUCCESS) {
			Logger::error("Failed getting CPU info");
			return core_map;
		}
		for (i = 0; i < cpu_count; i++) {
			core_map[i] = i;
		}

		//? If core mapping from cpuinfo was incomplete try to guess remainder, if missing completely, map 0-0 1-1 2-2 etc.
		if (cmp_less(core_map.size(), Shared::coreCount)) {
			if (Shared::coreCount % 2 == 0 and (long) core_map.size() == Shared::coreCount / 2) {
				for (int i = 0, n = 0; i < Shared::coreCount / 2; i++) {
					if (std::cmp_greater_equal(n, core_sensors.size())) n = 0;
					core_map[Shared::coreCount / 2 + i] = n++;
				}
			} else {
				core_map.clear();
				for (int i = 0, n = 0; i < Shared::coreCount; i++) {
					if (std::cmp_greater_equal(n, core_sensors.size())) n = 0;
					core_map[i] = n++;
				}
			}
		}

		//? Apply user set custom mapping if any
		const auto &custom_map = Config::getS("cpu_core_map");
		if (not custom_map.empty()) {
			try {
				for (const auto &split : ssplit(custom_map)) {
					const auto vals = ssplit(split, ':');
					if (vals.size() != 2) continue;
					int change_id = std::stoi(vals.at(0));
					int new_id = std::stoi(vals.at(1));
					if (not core_map.contains(change_id) or cmp_greater(new_id, core_sensors.size())) continue;
					core_map.at(change_id) = new_id;
				}
			} catch (...) {
			}
		}

		return core_map;
	}

	auto get_core_info() -> core_info {
		core_info info;
		size_t size = sizeof(int);

		// On Apple Silicon:
		// - perflevel0 = Performance cores (P-cores)
		// - perflevel1 = Efficiency cores (E-cores)
		// Note: E-cores are enumerated FIRST (indices 0 to e_cores-1), P-cores SECOND
		if (sysctlbyname("hw.perflevel0.physicalcpu", &info.p_cores, &size, nullptr, 0) != 0) {
			info.p_cores = 0;
		}

		size = sizeof(int);
		if (sysctlbyname("hw.perflevel1.physicalcpu", &info.e_cores, &size, nullptr, 0) != 0) {
			info.e_cores = 0;
		}

		// Fallback: if detection fails (Intel Mac or error), treat all as P-cores
		if (info.p_cores == 0 and info.e_cores == 0) {
			info.p_cores = Shared::coreCount;
		}

		return info;
	}

	void update_core_frequencies() {
		//? Initialize IOReport (handles double-init internally)
		IOReport::init();

		if (IOReport::is_available()) {
			auto [e_freq, p_freq] = IOReport::get_cpu_frequencies();
			cpu_core_info.e_freq_mhz = static_cast<int>(e_freq);
			cpu_core_info.p_freq_mhz = static_cast<int>(p_freq);
		}
	}

	class IOPSInfo_Wrap {
		CFTypeRef data;
	public:
		IOPSInfo_Wrap() { data = IOPSCopyPowerSourcesInfo(); }
		CFTypeRef& operator()() { return data; }
		~IOPSInfo_Wrap() { CFRelease(data); }
	};

	class IOPSList_Wrap {
		CFArrayRef data;
	public:
		IOPSList_Wrap(CFTypeRef cft_ref) { data = IOPSCopyPowerSourcesList(cft_ref); }
		CFArrayRef& operator()() { return data; }
		~IOPSList_Wrap() { CFRelease(data); }
	};

	auto get_battery() -> tuple<int, float, long, string> {
		if (not has_battery) return {0, 0, 0, ""};

		uint32_t percent = -1;
		long seconds = -1;
		string status = "discharging";
		IOPSInfo_Wrap ps_info{};
		if (ps_info()) {
			IOPSList_Wrap one_ps_descriptor(ps_info());
			if (one_ps_descriptor()) {
				if (CFArrayGetCount(one_ps_descriptor())) {
					CFDictionaryRef one_ps = IOPSGetPowerSourceDescription(ps_info(), CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(one_ps_descriptor(), 0));
					has_battery = true;
					CFNumberRef remaining = (CFNumberRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(one_ps, CFSTR(kIOPSTimeToEmptyKey));
					int32_t estimatedMinutesRemaining;
					if (remaining) {
						CFNumberGetValue(remaining, kCFNumberSInt32Type, &estimatedMinutesRemaining);
						seconds = estimatedMinutesRemaining * 60;
					}
					CFNumberRef charge = (CFNumberRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(one_ps, CFSTR(kIOPSCurrentCapacityKey));
					if (charge) {
						CFNumberGetValue(charge, kCFNumberSInt32Type, &percent);
					}
					CFBooleanRef charging = (CFBooleanRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(one_ps, CFSTR(kIOPSIsChargingKey));
					if (charging) {
						bool isCharging = CFBooleanGetValue(charging);
						if (isCharging) {
							status = "charging";
						}
					}
					if (percent == 100) {
						status = "full";
					}
				} else {
					has_battery = false;
				}
			} else {
				has_battery = false;
			}
		}
		return {percent, -1, seconds, status};
	}

	auto collect(bool no_update) -> cpu_info & {
		if (Runner::stopping or (no_update and not current_cpu.cpu_percent.at("total").empty()))
			return current_cpu;
		auto &cpu = current_cpu;

		//? Update P/E core frequencies
		update_core_frequencies();

		if (getloadavg(cpu.load_avg.data(), cpu.load_avg.size()) < 0) {
			Logger::error("failed to get load averages");
		}

		natural_t cpu_count;
		natural_t i;
		kern_return_t error;
		processor_cpu_load_info_data_t *cpu_load_info = nullptr;

		MachProcessorInfo info{};
		error = host_processor_info(mach_host_self(), PROCESSOR_CPU_LOAD_INFO, &cpu_count, &info.info_array, &info.info_count);
		if (error != KERN_SUCCESS) {
			Logger::error("Failed getting CPU load info");
		}
		cpu_load_info = (processor_cpu_load_info_data_t *)info.info_array;
		long long global_totals = 0;
		long long global_idles = 0;
		vector<long long> times_summed = {0, 0, 0, 0};
		for (i = 0; i < cpu_count; i++) {
			vector<long long> times;
			//? 0=user, 1=nice, 2=system, 3=idle
			for (int x = 0; const unsigned int c_state : {CPU_STATE_USER, CPU_STATE_NICE, CPU_STATE_SYSTEM, CPU_STATE_IDLE}) {
				auto val = cpu_load_info[i].cpu_ticks[c_state];
				times.push_back(val);
				times_summed.at(x++) += val;
			}

			try {
				//? All values
				const long long totals = std::accumulate(times.begin(), times.end(), 0ll);

				//? Idle time
				const long long idles = times.at(3);

				global_totals += totals;
				global_idles += idles;

				//? Calculate cpu total for each core
				if (i > Shared::coreCount) break;
				const long long calc_totals = max(0ll, totals - core_old_totals.at(i));
				const long long calc_idles = max(0ll, idles - core_old_idles.at(i));
				core_old_totals.at(i) = totals;
				core_old_idles.at(i) = idles;

				cpu.core_percent.at(i).push_back(clamp((long long)round((double)(calc_totals - calc_idles) * 100 / calc_totals), 0ll, 100ll));

				//? Reduce size if there are more values than needed for graph
				if (cpu.core_percent.at(i).size() > 40) cpu.core_percent.at(i).pop_front();

			} catch (const std::exception &e) {
				Logger::error("Cpu::collect() : {}", e.what());
				throw std::runtime_error(fmt::format("collect() : {}", e.what()));
			}
		}

		const long long calc_totals = max(1ll, global_totals - cpu_old.at("totals"));
		const long long calc_idles = max(1ll, global_idles - cpu_old.at("idles"));

		//? Populate cpu.cpu_percent with all fields from syscall
		for (int ii = 0; const auto &val : times_summed) {
			cpu.cpu_percent.at(time_names.at(ii)).push_back(clamp((long long)round((double)(val - cpu_old.at(time_names.at(ii))) * 100 / calc_totals), 0ll, 100ll));
			cpu_old.at(time_names.at(ii)) = val;

			//? Reduce size if there are more values than needed for graph
			while (cmp_greater(cpu.cpu_percent.at(time_names.at(ii)).size(), width * 2)) cpu.cpu_percent.at(time_names.at(ii)).pop_front();

			ii++;
		}

		cpu_old.at("totals") = global_totals;
		cpu_old.at("idles") = global_idles;

		//? Total usage of cpu
		cpu.cpu_percent.at("total").push_back(clamp((long long)round((double)(calc_totals - calc_idles) * 100 / calc_totals), 0ll, 100ll));

		//? Reduce size if there are more values than needed for graph
		while (cmp_greater(cpu.cpu_percent.at("total").size(), width * 2)) cpu.cpu_percent.at("total").pop_front();

		if (Config::getB("show_cpu_freq")) {
			auto hz = get_cpuHz();
			if (hz != "") {
				cpuHz = hz;
			}
		}

		if (Config::getB("check_temp") and got_sensors)
			update_sensors();

		if (Config::getB("show_battery") and has_battery)
			current_bat = get_battery();

		return cpu;
	}
}  // namespace Cpu

namespace Mem {
	bool has_swap = false;
	vector<string> fstab;
	fs::file_time_type fstab_time;
	int disk_ios = 0;
	vector<string> last_found;
	static std::mutex iokit_mutex;  // Protect concurrent IOKit calls
	static std::mutex interface_mutex;  // Protect concurrent interface access during USB device changes

	mem_info current_mem{};

	uint64_t get_totalMem() {
		return Shared::totalMem;
	}

	int64_t getCFNumber(CFDictionaryRef dict, const void *key) {
		CFNumberRef ref = (CFNumberRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(dict, key);
		if (ref) {
			int64_t value;
			CFNumberGetValue(ref, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &value);
			return value;
		}
		return 0;
	}

	string getCFString(io_registry_entry_t volumeRef, CFStringRef key) {
		CFStringRef bsdNameRef = (CFStringRef)IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty(volumeRef, key, kCFAllocatorDefault, 0);
		if (bsdNameRef) {
			char buf[200];
			CFStringGetCString(bsdNameRef, buf, 200, kCFStringEncodingASCII);
			CFRelease(bsdNameRef);
			return string(buf);
		}
		return "";
	}

	bool isWhole(io_registry_entry_t volumeRef) {
		CFBooleanRef isWhole = (CFBooleanRef)IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty(volumeRef, CFSTR("Whole"), kCFAllocatorDefault, 0);
		Boolean val = CFBooleanGetValue(isWhole);
		CFRelease(isWhole);
		return bool(val);
	}

	class IOObject {
		public:
			IOObject(string name, io_object_t& obj) : name(name), object(obj) {}
			virtual ~IOObject() { IOObjectRelease(object); }
		private:
			string name;
			io_object_t &object;
	};

	void collect_disk(std::unordered_map<string, disk_info> &disks, std::unordered_map<string, string> &mapping) {
		// Lock mutex to prevent concurrent IOKit access
		std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(iokit_mutex);

		io_registry_entry_t drive;
		io_iterator_t drive_list;

		/* Get the list of all drive objects. */
		if (IOServiceGetMatchingServices(kIOMainPortDefault,
										 IOServiceMatching("IOMediaBSDClient"), &drive_list)) {
			Logger::error("Error in IOServiceGetMatchingServices()");
			return;
		}
		auto d = IOObject("drive list", drive_list); // dummy var so it gets destroyed
		while ((drive = IOIteratorNext(drive_list)) != 0) {
			auto dr = IOObject("drive", drive);
			io_registry_entry_t volumeRef;
			IORegistryEntryGetParentEntry(drive, kIOServicePlane, &volumeRef);
			if (volumeRef) {
				if (!isWhole(volumeRef)) {
					string bsdName = getCFString(volumeRef, CFSTR("BSD Name"));
					string device = getCFString(volumeRef, CFSTR("VolGroupMntFromName"));
					if (!mapping.contains(device)) {
						device = "/dev/" + bsdName; // try again with BSD name - not all volumes seem to have VolGroupMntFromName property
					}
					if (device != "") {
						if (mapping.contains(device)) {
							string mountpoint = mapping.at(device);
							if (disks.contains(mountpoint)) {
								auto& disk = disks.at(mountpoint);
								CFDictionaryRef properties;
								IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperties(volumeRef, (CFMutableDictionaryRef *)&properties, kCFAllocatorDefault, 0);
								if (properties) {
									CFDictionaryRef statistics = (CFDictionaryRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(properties, CFSTR("Statistics"));
									if (statistics) {
										disk_ios++;
										int64_t readBytes = getCFNumber(statistics, CFSTR("Bytes read from block device"));
										if (disk.io_read.empty())
											disk.io_read.push_back(0);
										else
											disk.io_read.push_back(max((int64_t)0, (readBytes - disk.old_io.at(0))));
										disk.old_io.at(0) = readBytes;
										while (cmp_greater(disk.io_read.size(), width * 2)) disk.io_read.pop_front();

										int64_t writeBytes = getCFNumber(statistics, CFSTR("Bytes written to block device"));
										if (disk.io_write.empty())
											disk.io_write.push_back(0);
										else
											disk.io_write.push_back(max((int64_t)0, (writeBytes - disk.old_io.at(1))));
										disk.old_io.at(1) = writeBytes;
										while (cmp_greater(disk.io_write.size(), width * 2)) disk.io_write.pop_front();

										// IOKit does not give us IO times, (use IO read + IO write with 1 MiB being 100% to get some activity indication)
										if (disk.io_activity.empty())
											disk.io_activity.push_back(0);
										else
											disk.io_activity.push_back(clamp((long)round((double)(disk.io_write.back() + disk.io_read.back()) / (1 << 20)), 0l, 100l));
										while (cmp_greater(disk.io_activity.size(), width * 2)) disk.io_activity.pop_front();
									}
								}
								CFRelease(properties);
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	auto collect(bool no_update) -> mem_info & {
		if (Runner::stopping or (no_update and not current_mem.percent.at("used").empty()))
			return current_mem;

		auto show_swap = Config::getB("show_swap");
		auto show_disks = Config::getB("show_disks");
		auto swap_disk = Config::getB("swap_disk");
		auto &mem = current_mem;
		static bool snapped = (getenv("BTOP_SNAPPED") != nullptr);

		vm_statistics64 p;
		mach_msg_type_number_t info_size = HOST_VM_INFO64_COUNT;
		if (host_statistics64(mach_host_self(), HOST_VM_INFO64, (host_info64_t)&p, &info_size) == 0) {
			mem.stats.at("free") = p.free_count * Shared::pageSize;
			mem.stats.at("cached") = p.external_page_count * Shared::pageSize;
			mem.stats.at("used") = (p.active_count + p.wire_count) * Shared::pageSize;
			mem.stats.at("available") = Shared::totalMem - mem.stats.at("used");
		}

		int mib[2] = {CTL_VM, VM_SWAPUSAGE};

		struct xsw_usage swap;
		size_t len = sizeof(struct xsw_usage);
		if (sysctl(mib, 2, &swap, &len, nullptr, 0) == 0) {
			mem.stats.at("swap_total") = swap.xsu_total;
			mem.stats.at("swap_free") = swap.xsu_avail;
			mem.stats.at("swap_used") = swap.xsu_used;
		}

		if (show_swap and mem.stats.at("swap_total") > 0) {
			for (const auto &name : swap_names) {
				mem.percent.at(name).push_back(round((double)mem.stats.at(name) * 100 / mem.stats.at("swap_total")));
				while (cmp_greater(mem.percent.at(name).size(), width * 2))
					mem.percent.at(name).pop_front();
			}
			has_swap = true;
		} else
			has_swap = false;
		//? Calculate percentages
		for (const auto &name : mem_names) {
			mem.percent.at(name).push_back(round((double)mem.stats.at(name) * 100 / Shared::totalMem));
			while (cmp_greater(mem.percent.at(name).size(), width * 2))
				mem.percent.at(name).pop_front();
		}

		if (show_disks) {
			std::unordered_map<string, string> mapping;  // keep mapping from device -> mountpoint, since IOKit doesn't give us the mountpoint
			double uptime = system_uptime();
			auto &disks_filter = Config::getS("disks_filter");
			bool filter_exclude = false;
			// auto only_physical = Config::getB("only_physical");
			auto &disks = mem.disks;
			vector<string> filter;
			if (not disks_filter.empty()) {
				filter = ssplit(disks_filter);
				if (filter.at(0).starts_with("exclude=")) {
					filter_exclude = true;
					filter.at(0) = filter.at(0).substr(8);
				}
			}

			struct statfs *stfs;
			int count = getmntinfo(&stfs, MNT_WAIT);
			vector<string> found;
			found.reserve(last_found.size());
			for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
				std::error_code ec;
				string mountpoint = stfs[i].f_mntonname;
				string dev = stfs[i].f_mntfromname;
				mapping[dev] = mountpoint;

				if (string(stfs[i].f_fstypename) == "autofs") {
					continue;
				}

				//? Match filter if not empty
				if (not filter.empty()) {
					bool match = v_contains(filter, mountpoint);
					if ((filter_exclude and match) or (not filter_exclude and not match))
						continue;
				}

				found.push_back(mountpoint);
				if (not disks.contains(mountpoint)) {
					disks[mountpoint] = disk_info{fs::canonical(dev, ec), fs::path(mountpoint).filename()};

					if (disks.at(mountpoint).dev.empty())
						disks.at(mountpoint).dev = dev;

					if (disks.at(mountpoint).name.empty())
						disks.at(mountpoint).name = (mountpoint == "/" ? "root" : mountpoint);
				}


				if (not v_contains(last_found, mountpoint))
					redraw = true;

				disks.at(mountpoint).free = stfs[i].f_bfree;
				disks.at(mountpoint).total = stfs[i].f_iosize;
			}

			//? Remove disks no longer mounted or filtered out
			if (swap_disk and has_swap) found.push_back("swap");
			for (auto it = disks.begin(); it != disks.end();) {
				if (not v_contains(found, it->first))
					it = disks.erase(it);
				else
					it++;
			}
			if (found.size() != last_found.size()) redraw = true;
			last_found = std::move(found);

			//? Get disk/partition stats
			for (auto &[mountpoint, disk] : disks) {
				if (std::error_code ec; not fs::exists(mountpoint, ec))
					continue;
				struct statvfs vfs;
				if (statvfs(mountpoint.c_str(), &vfs) < 0) {
					Logger::warning("Failed to get disk/partition stats with statvfs() for: {}", mountpoint);
					continue;
				}
				disk.total = vfs.f_blocks * vfs.f_frsize;
				disk.free = vfs.f_bfree * vfs.f_frsize;
				disk.used = disk.total - disk.free;
				if (disk.total != 0) {
					disk.used_percent = round((double)disk.used * 100 / disk.total);
					disk.free_percent = 100 - disk.used_percent;
				} else {
					disk.used_percent = 0;
					disk.free_percent = 0;
				}
			}

			//? Setup disks order in UI and add swap if enabled
			mem.disks_order.clear();
			if (snapped and disks.contains("/mnt"))
				mem.disks_order.push_back("/mnt");
			else if (disks.contains("/"))
				mem.disks_order.push_back("/");
			if (swap_disk and has_swap) {
				mem.disks_order.push_back("swap");
				if (not disks.contains("swap"))
					disks["swap"] = {"", "swap"};
				disks.at("swap").total = mem.stats.at("swap_total");
				disks.at("swap").used = mem.stats.at("swap_used");
				disks.at("swap").free = mem.stats.at("swap_free");
				disks.at("swap").used_percent = mem.percent.at("swap_used").back();
				disks.at("swap").free_percent = mem.percent.at("swap_free").back();
			}
			for (const auto &name : last_found)
				if (not is_in(name, "/", "swap", "/dev"))
					mem.disks_order.push_back(name);

			disk_ios = 0;
			collect_disk(disks, mapping);

			old_uptime = uptime;
		}
		return mem;
	}

}  // namespace Mem

namespace Net {
	std::unordered_map<string, net_info> current_net;
	net_info empty_net = {};
	vector<string> interfaces;
	string selected_iface;
	int errors = 0;
	std::unordered_map<string, uint64_t> graph_max = {{"download", {}}, {"upload", {}}};
	std::unordered_map<string, array<int, 2>> max_count = {{"download", {}}, {"upload", {}}};
	bool rescale = true;
	uint64_t timestamp = 0;

	//* RAII wrapper for getifaddrs
	class getifaddr_wrapper {
		struct ifaddrs *ifaddr;

	   public:
		int status;
		getifaddr_wrapper() { status = getifaddrs(&ifaddr); }
		~getifaddr_wrapper() { freeifaddrs(ifaddr); }
		auto operator()() -> struct ifaddrs * { return ifaddr; }
	};

	auto collect(bool no_update) -> net_info & {
		// Lock mutex to prevent concurrent interface access during USB device changes
		std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(Mem::interface_mutex);
		auto &net = current_net;
		auto &config_iface = Config::getS("net_iface");
		auto net_sync = Config::getB("net_sync");
		auto net_auto = Config::getB("net_auto");
		auto new_timestamp = time_ms();

		if (not no_update and errors < 3) {
			//? Get interface list using getifaddrs() wrapper
			getifaddr_wrapper if_wrap{};
			if (if_wrap.status != 0) {
				errors++;
				Logger::error("Net::collect() -> getifaddrs() failed with id {}", if_wrap.status);
				redraw = true;
				return empty_net;
			}
			int family = 0;
			static_assert(INET6_ADDRSTRLEN >= INET_ADDRSTRLEN); // 46 >= 16, compile-time assurance.
			enum { IPBUFFER_MAXSIZE = INET6_ADDRSTRLEN }; // manually using the known biggest value, guarded by the above static_assert
			char ip[IPBUFFER_MAXSIZE];
			interfaces.clear();
			string ipv4, ipv6;

			//? Iteration over all items in getifaddrs() list
			for (auto *ifa = if_wrap(); ifa != nullptr; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
				if (ifa->ifa_addr == nullptr) continue;
				family = ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family;
				const auto &iface = ifa->ifa_name;
				//? Update available interfaces vector and get status of interface
				if (not v_contains(interfaces, iface)) {
					interfaces.push_back(iface);
					net[iface].connected = (ifa->ifa_flags & IFF_RUNNING);
					// An interface can have more than one IP of the same family associated with it,
					// but we pick only the first one to show in the NET box.
					// Note: Interfaces without any IPv4 and IPv6 set are still valid and monitorable!
					net[iface].ipv4.clear();
					net[iface].ipv6.clear();
				}
				//? Get IPv4 address
				if (family == AF_INET) {
					if (net[iface].ipv4.empty()) {
						if (nullptr != inet_ntop(family, &(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in*>(ifa->ifa_addr)->sin_addr), ip, IPBUFFER_MAXSIZE)) {
							net[iface].ipv4 = ip;
						} else {
							int errsv = errno;
							Logger::error("Net::collect() -> Failed to convert IPv4 to string for iface {}, errno: {}", iface, strerror(errsv));
						}
					}
				}
				//? Get IPv6 address
				else if (family == AF_INET6) {
					if (net[iface].ipv6.empty()) {
						if (nullptr != inet_ntop(family, &(reinterpret_cast<struct sockaddr_in6*>(ifa->ifa_addr)->sin6_addr), ip, IPBUFFER_MAXSIZE)) {
							net[iface].ipv6 = ip;
						} else {
							int errsv = errno;
							Logger::error("Net::collect() -> Failed to convert IPv6 to string for iface {}, errno: {}", iface, strerror(errsv));
						}
					}
				} // else, ignoring family==AF_LINK (see man 3 getifaddrs)
			}

			std::unordered_map<string, std::tuple<uint64_t, uint64_t>> ifstats;
			int mib[] = {CTL_NET, PF_ROUTE, 0, 0, NET_RT_IFLIST2, 0};
			size_t len;
			if (sysctl(mib, 6, nullptr, &len, nullptr, 0) < 0) {
				Logger::error("failed getting network interfaces");
			} else {
				std::unique_ptr<char[]> buf(new char[len]);
				if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf.get(), &len, nullptr, 0) < 0) {
					Logger::error("failed getting network interfaces");
				} else {
					char *lim = buf.get() + len;
					char *next = nullptr;
					for (next = buf.get(); next < lim;) {
						struct if_msghdr *ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)next;
						next += ifm->ifm_msglen;
						if (ifm->ifm_type == RTM_IFINFO2) {
							struct if_msghdr2 *if2m = (struct if_msghdr2 *)ifm;
							struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(if2m + 1);
							char iface[32];
							strncpy(iface, sdl->sdl_data, sdl->sdl_nlen);
							iface[sdl->sdl_nlen] = 0;
							ifstats[iface] = std::tuple(if2m->ifm_data.ifi_ibytes, if2m->ifm_data.ifi_obytes);
						}
					}
				}
			}

			//? Get total received and transmitted bytes + device address if no ip was found
			for (const auto &iface : interfaces) {
				for (const string dir : {"download", "upload"}) {
					auto &saved_stat = net.at(iface).stat.at(dir);
					auto &bandwidth = net.at(iface).bandwidth.at(dir);
					uint64_t val = dir == "download" ? std::get<0>(ifstats[iface]) : std::get<1>(ifstats[iface]);

					//? Update speed, total and top values
					if (val < saved_stat.last) {
						saved_stat.rollover += saved_stat.last;
						saved_stat.last = 0;
					}
					if (cmp_greater((unsigned long long)saved_stat.rollover + (unsigned long long)val, numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max())) {
						saved_stat.rollover = 0;
						saved_stat.last = 0;
					}
					saved_stat.speed = round((double)(val - saved_stat.last) / ((double)(new_timestamp - timestamp) / 1000));
					if (saved_stat.speed > saved_stat.top) saved_stat.top = saved_stat.speed;
					if (saved_stat.offset > val + saved_stat.rollover) saved_stat.offset = 0;
					saved_stat.total = (val + saved_stat.rollover) - saved_stat.offset;
					saved_stat.last = val;

					//? Add values to graph
					bandwidth.push_back(saved_stat.speed);
					while (cmp_greater(bandwidth.size(), width * 2)) bandwidth.pop_front();

					//? Set counters for auto scaling
					if (net_auto and selected_iface == iface) {
						if (saved_stat.speed > graph_max[dir]) {
							++max_count[dir][0];
							if (max_count[dir][1] > 0) --max_count[dir][1];
						} else if (graph_max[dir] > 10 << 10 and saved_stat.speed < graph_max[dir] / 10) {
							++max_count[dir][1];
							if (max_count[dir][0] > 0) --max_count[dir][0];
						}
					}
				}
			}

			//? Clean up net map if needed
			if (net.size() > interfaces.size()) {
				for (auto it = net.begin(); it != net.end();) {
					if (not v_contains(interfaces, it->first))
						it = net.erase(it);
					else
						it++;
				}
			}

			timestamp = new_timestamp;
		}
		//? Return empty net_info struct if no interfaces was found
		if (net.empty())
			return empty_net;

		//? Find an interface to display if selected isn't set or valid
		if (selected_iface.empty() or not v_contains(interfaces, selected_iface)) {
			max_count["download"][0] = max_count["download"][1] = max_count["upload"][0] = max_count["upload"][1] = 0;
			redraw = true;
			if (net_auto) rescale = true;
			if (not config_iface.empty() and v_contains(interfaces, config_iface))
				selected_iface = config_iface;
			else {
				//? Sort interfaces by total upload + download bytes
				auto sorted_interfaces = interfaces;
				rng::sort(sorted_interfaces, [&](const auto &a, const auto &b) {
					return cmp_greater(net.at(a).stat["download"].total + net.at(a).stat["upload"].total,
									   net.at(b).stat["download"].total + net.at(b).stat["upload"].total);
				});
				selected_iface.clear();
				//? Try to set to a connected interface
				for (const auto &iface : sorted_interfaces) {
					if (net.at(iface).connected) selected_iface = iface;
					break;
				}
				//? If no interface is connected set to first available
				if (selected_iface.empty() and not sorted_interfaces.empty())
					selected_iface = sorted_interfaces.at(0);
				else if (sorted_interfaces.empty())
					return empty_net;
			}
		}

		//? Calculate max scale for graphs if needed
		if (net_auto) {
			bool sync = false;
			for (const auto &dir : {"download", "upload"}) {
				for (const auto &sel : {0, 1}) {
					if (rescale or max_count[dir][sel] >= 5) {
						const long long avg_speed = (net[selected_iface].bandwidth[dir].size() > 5
														? std::accumulate(net.at(selected_iface).bandwidth.at(dir).rbegin(), net.at(selected_iface).bandwidth.at(dir).rbegin() + 5, 0ll) / 5
														: net[selected_iface].stat[dir].speed);
						graph_max[dir] = max(uint64_t(avg_speed * (sel == 0 ? 1.3 : 3.0)), (uint64_t)10 << 10);
						max_count[dir][0] = max_count[dir][1] = 0;
						redraw = true;
						if (net_sync) sync = true;
						break;
					}
				}
				//? Sync download/upload graphs if enabled
				if (sync) {
					const auto other = (string(dir) == "upload" ? "download" : "upload");
					graph_max[other] = graph_max[dir];
					max_count[other][0] = max_count[other][1] = 0;
					break;
				}
			}
		}

		rescale = false;
		return net.at(selected_iface);
	}
}  // namespace Net

namespace Proc {

	vector<proc_info> current_procs;
	std::unordered_map<string, string> uid_user;
	string current_sort;
	string current_filter;
	bool current_rev = false;
	bool is_tree_mode;

	fs::file_time_type passwd_time;

	uint64_t cputimes;
	int collapse = -1, expand = -1, toggle_children = -1;
	uint64_t old_cputimes = 0;
	atomic<int> numpids = 0;
	int filter_found = 0;

	detail_container detailed;
	static std::unordered_set<size_t> dead_procs;

	string get_status(char s) {
		if (s & SRUN) return "Running";
		if (s & SSLEEP) return "Sleeping";
		if (s & SIDL) return "Idle";
		if (s & SSTOP) return "Stopped";
		if (s & SZOMB) return "Zombie";
		return "Unknown";
	}

	//* Get detailed info for selected process
	void _collect_details(const size_t pid, vector<proc_info> &procs) {
		if (pid != detailed.last_pid) {
			detailed = {};
			detailed.last_pid = pid;
			detailed.skip_smaps = not Config::getB("proc_info_smaps");
		}

		//? Copy proc_info for process from proc vector
		auto p_info = rng::find(procs, pid, &proc_info::pid);
		detailed.entry = *p_info;

		//? Update cpu percent deque for process cpu graph
		if (not Config::getB("proc_per_core")) detailed.entry.cpu_p *= Shared::coreCount;
		detailed.cpu_percent.push_back(clamp((long long)round(detailed.entry.cpu_p), 0ll, 100ll));
		while (cmp_greater(detailed.cpu_percent.size(), width)) detailed.cpu_percent.pop_front();

		//? Process runtime : current time - start time (both in unix time - seconds since epoch)
		struct timeval currentTime;
		gettimeofday(&currentTime, nullptr);
		//? Get elapsed time if process isn't dead
		if (detailed.entry.state != 'X') detailed.elapsed = sec_to_dhms(currentTime.tv_sec - (detailed.entry.cpu_s / 1'000'000));
		else detailed.elapsed = sec_to_dhms(detailed.entry.death_time);
		if (detailed.elapsed.size() > 8) detailed.elapsed.resize(detailed.elapsed.size() - 3);

		//? Get parent process name
		if (detailed.parent.empty()) {
			auto p_entry = rng::find(procs, detailed.entry.ppid, &proc_info::pid);
			if (p_entry != procs.end()) detailed.parent = p_entry->name;
		}

		//? Expand process status from single char to explanative string
		detailed.status = get_status(detailed.entry.state);

		detailed.mem_bytes.push_back(detailed.entry.mem);
		detailed.memory = floating_humanizer(detailed.entry.mem);

		if (detailed.first_mem == -1 or detailed.first_mem < detailed.mem_bytes.back() / 2 or detailed.first_mem > detailed.mem_bytes.back() * 4) {
			detailed.first_mem = min((uint64_t)detailed.mem_bytes.back() * 2, Mem::get_totalMem());
			redraw = true;
		}

		while (cmp_greater(detailed.mem_bytes.size(), width)) detailed.mem_bytes.pop_front();

		rusage_info_current rusage;
		if (proc_pid_rusage(pid, RUSAGE_INFO_CURRENT, (void **)&rusage) == 0) {
			// this fails for processes we don't own - same as in Linux
			detailed.io_read = floating_humanizer(rusage.ri_diskio_bytesread);
			detailed.io_write = floating_humanizer(rusage.ri_diskio_byteswritten);
		}
	}

	//* Collects and sorts process information from /proc
	auto collect(bool no_update) -> vector<proc_info> & {
		const auto &sorting = Config::getS("proc_sorting");
		auto reverse = Config::getB("proc_reversed");
		const auto &filter = Config::getS("proc_filter");
		auto per_core = Config::getB("proc_per_core");
		auto tree = Config::getB("proc_tree");
		auto show_detailed = Config::getB("show_detailed");
		const auto pause_proc_list = Config::getB("pause_proc_list");
		const size_t detailed_pid = Config::getI("detailed_pid");
		bool should_filter = current_filter != filter;
		if (should_filter) current_filter = filter;
		bool sorted_change = (sorting != current_sort or reverse != current_rev or should_filter);
		bool tree_mode_change = tree != is_tree_mode;
		if (sorted_change) {
			current_sort = sorting;
			current_rev = reverse;
		}
		if (tree_mode_change) is_tree_mode = tree;

		const int cmult = (per_core) ? Shared::coreCount : 1;
		bool got_detailed = false;

		static vector<size_t> found;

		//* Use pids from last update if only changing filter, sorting or tree options
		if (no_update and not current_procs.empty()) {
			if (show_detailed and detailed_pid != detailed.last_pid) _collect_details(detailed_pid, current_procs);
		} else {
			//* ---------------------------------------------Collection start----------------------------------------------

			{  //* Get CPU totals
				natural_t cpu_count;
				kern_return_t error;
				processor_cpu_load_info_data_t *cpu_load_info = nullptr;
				MachProcessorInfo info{};
				error = host_processor_info(mach_host_self(), PROCESSOR_CPU_LOAD_INFO, &cpu_count, &info.info_array, &info.info_count);
				if (error != KERN_SUCCESS) {
					Logger::error("Failed getting CPU load info");
				}
				cpu_load_info = (processor_cpu_load_info_data_t *)info.info_array;
				cputimes = 0;
				for (natural_t i = 0; i < cpu_count; i++) {
					cputimes 	+= (cpu_load_info[i].cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_USER]
								+ cpu_load_info[i].cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_NICE]
								+ cpu_load_info[i].cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_SYSTEM]
								+ cpu_load_info[i].cpu_ticks[CPU_STATE_IDLE]);
				}
			}

			should_filter = true;
			int mib[] = {CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0};
			found.clear();
			size_t size = 0;
			const auto timeNow = time_micros();

			if (sysctl(mib, 4, nullptr, &size, nullptr, 0) < 0 || size == 0) {
				Logger::error("Unable to get size of kproc_infos");
			}
			uint64_t cpu_t = 0;

			std::unique_ptr<kinfo_proc[]> processes(new kinfo_proc[size / sizeof(kinfo_proc)]);
			if (sysctl(mib, 4, processes.get(), &size, nullptr, 0) == 0) {
				size_t count = size / sizeof(struct kinfo_proc);
				for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {  //* iterate over all processes in kinfo_proc
					struct kinfo_proc& kproc = processes.get()[i];
					const size_t pid = (size_t)kproc.kp_proc.p_pid;
					if (pid < 1) continue;
					found.push_back(pid);

					//? Check if pid already exists in current_procs
					bool no_cache = false;
					auto find_old = rng::find(current_procs, pid, &proc_info::pid);
					//? Only add new processes if not paused
					if (find_old == current_procs.end()) {
						if (not pause_proc_list) {
							current_procs.push_back({pid});
							find_old = current_procs.end() - 1;
							no_cache = true;
						}
						else continue;
					}
					else if (dead_procs.contains(pid)) continue;

					auto &new_proc = *find_old;

					//? Get program name, command, username, parent pid, nice and status
					if (no_cache) {
						char fullname[PROC_PIDPATHINFO_MAXSIZE];
						int rc = proc_pidpath(pid, fullname, sizeof(fullname));
						string f_name = "<defunct>";
						if (rc != 0) {
							f_name = std::string(fullname);
							size_t lastSlash = f_name.find_last_of('/');
							f_name = f_name.substr(lastSlash + 1);
						}
						new_proc.name = f_name;
						//? Get process arguments if possible, fallback to process path in case of failure
						if (Shared::arg_max > 0) {
							std::unique_ptr<char[]> proc_chars(new char[Shared::arg_max]);
							int mib[] = {CTL_KERN, KERN_PROCARGS2, (int)pid};
							size_t argmax = Shared::arg_max;
							if (sysctl(mib, 3, proc_chars.get(), &argmax, nullptr, 0) == 0) {
								int argc = 0;
								memcpy(&argc, &proc_chars.get()[0], sizeof(argc));
								std::string_view proc_args(proc_chars.get(), argmax);
								if (size_t null_pos = proc_args.find('\0', sizeof(argc)); null_pos != string::npos) {
									if (size_t start_pos = proc_args.find_first_not_of('\0', null_pos); start_pos != string::npos) {
										while (argc-- > 0 and null_pos != string::npos and cmp_less(new_proc.cmd.size(), 1000)) {
											null_pos = proc_args.find('\0', start_pos);
											new_proc.cmd += (string)proc_args.substr(start_pos, null_pos - start_pos) + ' ';
											start_pos = null_pos + 1;
										}
									}
								}
								if (not new_proc.cmd.empty()) new_proc.cmd.pop_back();
							}
						}
						if (new_proc.cmd.empty()) new_proc.cmd = f_name;
						if (new_proc.cmd.size() > 1000) {
							new_proc.cmd.resize(1000);
							new_proc.cmd.shrink_to_fit();
						}
						new_proc.ppid = kproc.kp_eproc.e_ppid;
						new_proc.cpu_s = kproc.kp_proc.p_starttime.tv_sec * 1'000'000 + kproc.kp_proc.p_starttime.tv_usec;
						struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(kproc.kp_eproc.e_ucred.cr_uid);
                        if (pwd != nullptr) {
                            new_proc.user = pwd->pw_name;
                        } else {
                            new_proc.user = std::to_string(kproc.kp_eproc.e_ucred.cr_uid);
                        }
					}
					new_proc.p_nice = kproc.kp_proc.p_nice;
					new_proc.state = kproc.kp_proc.p_stat;

					//? Get threads, mem and cpu usage
					struct proc_taskinfo pti{};
					if (sizeof(pti) == proc_pidinfo(new_proc.pid, PROC_PIDTASKINFO, 0, &pti, sizeof(pti))) {
						new_proc.threads = pti.pti_threadnum;
						new_proc.mem = pti.pti_resident_size;
						cpu_t = pti.pti_total_user + pti.pti_total_system;

						if (new_proc.cpu_t == 0) new_proc.cpu_t = cpu_t;
					} else {
						// Reset memory value if process info cannot be accessed (bad permissions or zombie processes)
						new_proc.threads = 0;
						new_proc.mem = 0;
						cpu_t = new_proc.cpu_t;
					}

					//? Process cpu usage since last update
					new_proc.cpu_p = clamp(round(((cpu_t - new_proc.cpu_t) * Shared::machTck) / ((cputimes - old_cputimes) * Shared::clkTck)) * cmult / 1000.0, 0.0, 100.0 * Shared::coreCount);

					//? Process cumulative cpu usage since process start
					new_proc.cpu_c = (double)(cpu_t * Shared::machTck) / (timeNow - new_proc.cpu_s);

					//? Update cached value with latest cpu times
					new_proc.cpu_t = cpu_t;

					if (show_detailed and not got_detailed and new_proc.pid == detailed_pid) {
						got_detailed = true;
					}
				}

				//? Clear dead processes from current_procs if not paused
				if (not pause_proc_list) {
					auto eraser = rng::remove_if(current_procs, [&](const auto& element) { return not v_contains(found, element.pid); });
					current_procs.erase(eraser.begin(), eraser.end());
					if (!dead_procs.empty()) dead_procs.clear();
				}
				//? Set correct state of dead processes if paused
				else {
					const bool keep_dead_proc_usage = Config::getB("keep_dead_proc_usage");
					for (auto& r : current_procs) {
						if (rng::find(found, r.pid) == found.end()) {
							if (r.state != 'X') {
								struct timeval currentTime;
								gettimeofday(&currentTime, nullptr);
								r.death_time = currentTime.tv_sec - (r.cpu_s / 1'000'000);
							}
							r.state = 'X';
							dead_procs.emplace(r.pid);
							//? Reset cpu usage for dead processes if paused and option is set
							if (!keep_dead_proc_usage) {
								r.cpu_p = 0.0;
								r.mem = 0;
							}
						}
					}
				}

				//? Update the details info box for process if active
				if (show_detailed and got_detailed) {
					_collect_details(detailed_pid, current_procs);
				} else if (show_detailed and not got_detailed and detailed.status != "Dead") {
					detailed.status = "Dead";
					redraw = true;
				}

				old_cputimes = cputimes;
			}
		}

		//* ---------------------------------------------Collection done-----------------------------------------------

		//* Match filter if defined
		if (should_filter) {
			filter_found = 0;
			for (auto &p : current_procs) {
				if (not tree and not filter.empty()) {
					if (!matches_filter(p, filter)) {
						p.filtered = true;
						filter_found++;
					} else {
						p.filtered = false;
					}
				} else {
					p.filtered = false;
				}
			}
		}

		//* Sort processes
		if ((sorted_change or tree_mode_change) or (not no_update and not pause_proc_list)) {
			proc_sorter(current_procs, sorting, reverse, tree);
		}

		//* Generate tree view if enabled
		if (tree and (not no_update or should_filter or sorted_change)) {
			bool locate_selection = false;

			if (toggle_children != -1) {
				auto collapser = rng::find(current_procs, toggle_children, &proc_info::pid);
				if (collapser != current_procs.end()){
					for (auto& p : current_procs) {
						if (p.ppid == collapser->pid) {
							auto child = rng::find(current_procs, p.pid, &proc_info::pid);
							if (child != current_procs.end()){
								child->collapsed = not child->collapsed;
							}
						}
					}
					if (Config::ints.at("proc_selected") > 0) locate_selection = true;
				}
				toggle_children = -1;
			}
			
			if (auto find_pid = (collapse != -1 ? collapse : expand); find_pid != -1) {
				auto collapser = rng::find(current_procs, find_pid, &proc_info::pid);
				if (collapser != current_procs.end()) {
					if (collapse == expand) {
						collapser->collapsed = not collapser->collapsed;
					}
					else if (collapse > -1) {
						collapser->collapsed = true;
					}
					else if (expand > -1) {
						collapser->collapsed = false;
					}
					if (Config::ints.at("proc_selected") > 0) locate_selection = true;
				}
				collapse = expand = -1;
			}
			if (should_filter or not filter.empty()) filter_found = 0;

			vector<tree_proc> tree_procs;
			tree_procs.reserve(current_procs.size());

			if (!pause_proc_list) {
				for (auto& p : current_procs) {
					if (not v_contains(found, p.ppid)) p.ppid = 0;
				}
			}

			//? Stable sort to retain selected sorting among processes with the same parent
			rng::stable_sort(current_procs, rng::less{}, & proc_info::ppid);

			//? Start recursive iteration over processes with the lowest shared parent pids
			for (auto& p : rng::equal_range(current_procs, current_procs.at(0).ppid, rng::less{}, &proc_info::ppid)) {
				_tree_gen(p, current_procs, tree_procs, 0, false, filter, false, no_update, should_filter);
			}

			//? Recursive sort over tree structure to account for collapsed processes in the tree
			int index = 0;
			tree_sort(tree_procs, sorting, reverse, (pause_proc_list and not (sorted_change or tree_mode_change)), index, current_procs.size());

			//? Recursive construction of ASCII tree prefixes.
			for (auto t = tree_procs.begin(); t != tree_procs.end(); ++t) {
				_collect_prefixes(*t, t == tree_procs.end() - 1);
			}

			//? Final sort based on tree index
			rng::stable_sort(current_procs, rng::less {}, &proc_info::tree_index);

			//? Move current selection/view to the selected process when collapsing/expanding in the tree
			if (locate_selection) {
				int loc = rng::find(current_procs, Proc::selected_pid, &proc_info::pid)->tree_index;
				if (Config::ints.at("proc_start") >= loc or Config::ints.at("proc_start") <= loc - Proc::select_max)
					Config::ints.at("proc_start") = max(0, loc - 1);
				Config::ints.at("proc_selected") = loc - Config::ints.at("proc_start") + 1;
			}
		}

		numpids = (int)current_procs.size() - filter_found;
		return current_procs;
	}
}  // namespace Proc

namespace Tools {
	double system_uptime() {
		struct timeval ts, currTime;
		std::size_t len = sizeof(ts);
		int mib[2] = {CTL_KERN, KERN_BOOTTIME};
		if (sysctl(mib, 2, &ts, &len, nullptr, 0) != -1) {
			gettimeofday(&currTime, nullptr);
			return currTime.tv_sec - ts.tv_sec;
		}
		return 0.0;
	}
}  // namespace Tools