fix(athena): escape single quotes in iceberg DDL splices (#3372)

`_create_iceberg_table` interpolates `columns_comments` values and
`additional_table_properties` keys/values into a generated CREATE TABLE
DDL with no escaping. A value containing a single quote can close the
surrounding string literal and append additional clauses (LOCATION,
TBLPROPERTIES, etc.).

Add `_escape_athena_string_literal` that doubles single quotes per the
Athena/Trino string-literal escape rule, and apply it at both splice
sites. Both keys and values in `additional_table_properties` are
escaped for symmetry — the cost is one function call.

Add a unit test in `test_moto.py` that exercises both splice sites with
a representative payload and asserts the structure of the generated DDL
is preserved.

Author: kukushking

awswrangler/athena/_write_iceberg.py

@@ -24,6 +24,21 @@
 _logger: logging.Logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+def _escape_athena_string_literal(value: Any) -> str:
+    # Used for caller-supplied values spliced inside SQL string literals, e.g.
+    # COMMENT '<value>' or TBLPROPERTIES ('<key>'='<value>').
+    #
+    # The wrapping single quotes around the splice site are *delimiters* — they tell
+    # Athena "this is a string literal" and are part of the DDL grammar, not escaping.
+    # A naive splice f"'{value}'" lets a value containing ' close the literal and
+    # append arbitrary DDL (e.g. LOCATION '...').
+    #
+    # Athena/Trino string literals have exactly one escape mechanism: a single quote
+    # inside the literal must be doubled. Pre-doubling caller quotes here means the
+    # whole value parses as one literal regardless of what it contains.
+    return str(value).replace("'", "''")
+
+
 def _create_iceberg_table(
     df: pd.DataFrame,
     database: str,
@@ -50,13 +65,19 @@ def _create_iceberg_table(
         [
             f"{k} {v}"
             if (columns_comments is None or columns_comments.get(k) is None)
-            else f"{k} {v} COMMENT '{columns_comments[k]}'"
+            else f"{k} {v} COMMENT '{_escape_athena_string_literal(columns_comments[k])}'"
             for k, v in columns_types.items()
         ]
     )
     partition_cols_str: str = f"PARTITIONED BY ({', '.join([col for col in partition_cols])})" if partition_cols else ""
     table_properties_str: str = (
-        ", " + ", ".join([f"'{key}'='{value}'" for key, value in additional_table_properties.items()])
+        ", "
+        + ", ".join(
+            [
+                f"'{_escape_athena_string_literal(key)}'='{_escape_athena_string_literal(value)}'"
+                for key, value in additional_table_properties.items()
+            ]
+        )
         if additional_table_properties
         else ""
     )

tests/unit/test_moto.py

@@ -802,3 +802,45 @@ def mock_make_api_call(self, operation_name, kwarg):
             allow_full_scan=True,
         )
         assert describe_table_calls == 1
+
+
+def test_create_iceberg_table_escapes_single_quotes_in_columns_comments() -> None:
+    # Single quotes in caller-supplied columns_comments / additional_table_properties
+    # values must be doubled so they cannot terminate the surrounding 'literal' and
+    # change the structure of the generated DDL.
+    from awswrangler.athena import _write_iceberg
+
+    captured: list[str] = []
+
+    def fake_start(*, sql: str, **_) -> str:
+        captured.append(sql)
+        return "qid"
+
+    df = pd.DataFrame({"id": pd.Series(dtype="int64"), "user_name": pd.Series(dtype="string")})
+    wg_config = mock.MagicMock()
+    wg_config.enforce_workgroup_location = False
+
+    with mock.patch.object(_write_iceberg, "_start_query_execution", side_effect=fake_start), mock.patch.object(
+        _write_iceberg, "wait_query"
+    ):
+        _write_iceberg._create_iceberg_table(
+            df=df,
+            database="db",
+            table="t",
+            path="s3://intended/output/",
+            wg_config=wg_config,
+            partition_cols=None,
+            additional_table_properties={"prop": "val') LOCATION 's3://other/' --"},
+            index=False,
+            boto3_session=mock.MagicMock(),
+            columns_comments={"user_name": "') LOCATION 's3://other/' TBLPROPERTIES ('x'='y"},
+        )
+
+    sql = captured[0]
+    # Quotes were doubled in both splices, so unescaped caller content stays inside the
+    # COMMENT / TBLPROPERTIES string literals and does not open a new DDL clause.
+    assert "COMMENT ''') LOCATION ''s3://other/'' TBLPROPERTIES (''x''=''y'" in sql
+    assert "'prop'='val'') LOCATION ''s3://other/'' --'" in sql
+    # The intended LOCATION (un-doubled quotes) is the only top-level clause.
+    assert "LOCATION 's3://intended/output/'" in sql
+    assert "LOCATION 's3://other/'" not in sql