chore: deploy static site

Author: beihaili

gh-pages-worktree/assets/index-170edc15.css

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+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+"""
+比特币密码学完整代码示例
+包含本章节涉及的所有密码学操作实现
+
+依赖安装:
+pip install ecdsa mnemonic base58 cryptography
+
+使用方法:
+python crypto_examples.py
+"""
+
+import hashlib
+import time
+import ecdsa
+from ecdsa import SigningKey, SECP256k1
+import binascii
+import secrets
+import base58
+import hmac
+import struct
+import os
+import base64
+from mnemonic import Mnemonic
+from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
+
+class BitcoinCrypto:
+    """比特币密码学工具包"""
+    
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.curve_params = {
+            'p': 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEFFFFFC2F,
+            'n': 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141,
+            'Gx': 0x79BE667EF9DCBBAC55A06295CE870B07029BFCDB2DCE28D959F2815B16F81798,
+            'Gy': 0x483ADA7726A3C4655DA4FBFC0E1108A8FD17B448A68554199C47D08FFB10D4B8
+        }
+    
+    def sha256(self, data):
+        """SHA-256哈希"""
+        if isinstance(data, str):
+            data = data.encode('utf-8')
+        return hashlib.sha256(data).hexdigest()
+    
+    def double_sha256(self, data):
+        """双重SHA-256（比特币标准）"""
+        if isinstance(data, str):
+            data = data.encode('utf-8')
+        first = hashlib.sha256(data).digest()
+        return hashlib.sha256(first).hexdigest()
+    
+    def demonstrate_avalanche_effect(self):
+        """演示雪崩效应"""
+        print("=== SHA-256雪崩效应演示 ===")
+        original = "Hello Bitcoin"
+        modified = "Hello bitcoin"
+        
+        print(f"原始: '{original}' -> {self.sha256(original)}")
+        print(f"修改: '{modified}' -> {self.sha256(modified)}")
+        print("结论: 微小改动导致完全不同的哈希值\n")
+    
+    def simple_proof_of_work(self, data, difficulty=4):
+        """简化工作量证明演示"""
+        print(f"=== 挖矿演示 (难度{difficulty}) ===")
+        target = "0" * difficulty
+        nonce = 0
+        start_time = time.time()
+        
+        while True:
+            test_data = f"{data}{nonce}"
+            hash_result = self.sha256(test_data)
+            
+            if hash_result.startswith(target):
+                elapsed = time.time() - start_time
+                print(f"挖矿成功! Nonce: {nonce}, 耗时: {elapsed:.2f}秒")
+                print(f"哈希: {hash_result}\n")
+                break
+            nonce += 1
+    
+    def generate_keypair(self):
+        """生成比特币密钥对"""
+        private_key = secrets.randbelow(self.curve_params['n'])
+        signing_key = SigningKey.from_secret_exponent(private_key, curve=SECP256k1)
+        
+        return {
+            'private_key': hex(private_key),
+            'public_key_compressed': self.compress_public_key(signing_key.verifying_key),
+            'signing_key': signing_key
+        }
+    
+    def compress_public_key(self, verifying_key):
+        """压缩公钥格式"""
+        point = verifying_key.pubkey.point
+        x, y = point.x(), point.y()
+        prefix = '03' if y % 2 == 1 else '02'
+        return prefix + f'{x:064x}'
+    
+    def sign_and_verify(self, message, keypair):
+        """数字签名演示"""
+        print("=== 数字签名演示 ===")
+        print(f"消息: {message}")
+        
+        # 签名
+        message_hash = hashlib.sha256(message.encode()).digest()
+        signature = keypair['signing_key'].sign(message_hash)
+        sig_hex = binascii.hexlify(signature).decode()
+        
+        print(f"签名: {sig_hex[:32]}...")
+        
+        # 验证
+        try:
+            keypair['signing_key'].verifying_key.verify(signature, message_hash)
+            print("✅ 签名验证成功")
+        except:
+            print("❌ 签名验证失败")
+        
+        # 篡改测试
+        tampered = message + "x"
+        tampered_hash = hashlib.sha256(tampered.encode()).digest()
+        try:
+            keypair['signing_key'].verifying_key.verify(signature, tampered_hash)
+            print("❌ 篡改消息验证成功（不应该发生）")
+        except:
+            print("✅ 篡改消息验证失败（正确行为）\n")
+    
+    def private_key_to_address(self, private_key_hex):
+        """从私钥生成比特币地址"""
+        print("=== 地址生成过程 ===")
+        
+        # 1. 生成公钥
+        private_key_int = int(private_key_hex, 16)
+        signing_key = SigningKey.from_secret_exponent(private_key_int, curve=SECP256k1)
+        compressed_pubkey = self.compress_public_key(signing_key.verifying_key)
+        print(f"1. 压缩公钥: {compressed_pubkey}")
+        
+        # 2. SHA-256
+        pubkey_bytes = bytes.fromhex(compressed_pubkey)
+        sha256_hash = hashlib.sha256(pubkey_bytes).digest()
+        
+        # 3. RIPEMD-160
+        ripemd160_hash = hashlib.new('ripemd160', sha256_hash).digest()
+        print(f"2. 公钥哈希: {ripemd160_hash.hex()}")
+        
+        # 4. 添加版本和校验和
+        versioned = b'\x00' + ripemd160_hash
+        checksum = hashlib.sha256(hashlib.sha256(versioned).digest()).digest()[:4]
+        
+        # 5. Base58编码
+        address = base58.b58encode(versioned + checksum).decode()
+        print(f"3. 比特币地址: {address}\n")
+        
+        return address
+
+class HDWallet:
+    """简化的HD钱包实现"""
+    
+    def __init__(self, mnemonic_phrase=None):
+        self.mnemo = Mnemonic('english')
+        
+        if mnemonic_phrase is None:
+            self.mnemonic = self.mnemo.generate(strength=128)  # 12个词
+        else:
+            if not self.mnemo.check(mnemonic_phrase):
+                raise ValueError("无效的助记词")
+            self.mnemonic = mnemonic_phrase
+        
+        # 生成种子
+        self.seed = self.mnemo.to_seed(self.mnemonic)
+        
+        # 生成主私钥
+        master_key = hmac.new(b"Bitcoin seed", self.seed, hashlib.sha512).digest()
+        self.master_private_key = master_key[:32]
+        self.master_chain_code = master_key[32:]
+    
+    def derive_child(self, parent_key, parent_chain, index):
+        """派生子密钥"""
+        if index >= 0x80000000:  # 硬化派生
+            data = b'\x00' + parent_key + struct.pack('>I', index)
+        else:  # 正常派生（简化实现）
+            data = parent_key + struct.pack('>I', index)
+        
+        child_key = hmac.new(parent_chain, data, hashlib.sha512).digest()
+        return child_key[:32], child_key[32:]
+    
+    def get_address(self, account=0, change=0, index=0):
+        """获取指定路径的地址"""
+        # 简化的BIP44路径派生 m/44'/0'/account'/change/index
+        current_key = self.master_private_key
+        current_chain = self.master_chain_code
+        
+        # 派生路径
+        for i in [44 + 0x80000000, 0x80000000, account + 0x80000000, change, index]:
+            current_key, current_chain = self.derive_child(current_key, current_chain, i)
+        
+        # 生成地址
+        crypto = BitcoinCrypto()
+        return crypto.private_key_to_address(current_key.hex())
+
+class SecurityDemo:
+    """安全最佳实践演示"""
+    
+    def secure_random_demo(self):
+        """安全随机数生成演示"""
+        print("=== 安全随机数生成 ===")
+        
+        # 不安全的方式
+        import random
+        unsafe = random.randint(1, 2**256)
+        print(f"❌ random模块: {hex(unsafe)[:20]}...")
+        
+        # 安全的方式
+        safe1 = secrets.randbelow(2**256)
+        safe2 = int.from_bytes(os.urandom(32), 'big')
+        
+        print(f"✅ secrets模块: {hex(safe1)[:20]}...")
+        print(f"✅ os.urandom: {hex(safe2)[:20]}...\n")
+    
+    def encrypt_private_key(self, private_key, password):
+        """私钥加密示例"""
+        print("=== 私钥加密演示 ===")
+        
+        # 使用PBKDF2派生密钥
+        salt = os.urandom(16)
+        key = hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac('sha256', password.encode(), salt, 100000)
+        key_base64 = base64.urlsafe_b64encode(key)
+        
+        # 加密私钥
+        f = Fernet(key_base64)
+        encrypted = f.encrypt(private_key.encode())
+        
+        print(f"原始私钥: {private_key}")
+        print(f"盐值: {salt.hex()}")
+        print(f"加密私钥: {encrypted.hex()[:32]}...")
+        
+        # 解密验证
+        decrypted = f.decrypt(encrypted).decode()
+        print(f"解密成功: {'✅' if decrypted == private_key else '❌'}\n")
+
+def main():
+    """主演示程序"""
+    print("🔐 比特币密码学完整演示\n")
+    
+    # 初始化工具
+    crypto = BitcoinCrypto()
+    
+    # 1. 哈希函数演示
+    crypto.demonstrate_avalanche_effect()
+    crypto.simple_proof_of_work("比特币区块", difficulty=3)
+    
+    # 2. 数字签名演示
+    keypair = crypto.generate_keypair()
+    crypto.sign_and_verify("从Alice转账1BTC给Bob", keypair)
+    
+    # 3. 地址生成演示
+    test_private_key = "e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"
+    crypto.private_key_to_address(test_private_key)
+    
+    # 4. HD钱包演示
+    print("=== HD钱包演示 ===")
+    hd_wallet = HDWallet()
+    print(f"助记词: {hd_wallet.mnemonic}")
+    
+    # 生成几个地址
+    for i in range(3):
+        addr = hd_wallet.get_address(account=0, change=0, index=i)
+        print(f"地址{i}: {addr}")
+    print()
+    
+    # 5. 安全演示
+    security = SecurityDemo()
+    security.secure_random_demo()
+    security.encrypt_private_key(test_private_key, "SecurePassword123!")
+    
+    print("🎉 演示完成！")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()