Migrate CI from Ubuntu 20.04

[kimwnasptd]

Context

Because of the Ubuntu 20.04 deprecation we'll need to move away from 20.04 in this and all CKF repos.

This will affect the CI, that is still relying on 20.04 and Python 3.8 for different actions (building, releasing, testing the charms).

Ideally we should migrate from 20.04 in all aspects of our charms (i.e. bases, python version etc) but this will be a significant undertaking. Thus for now we'll focus on:

1. Using the actions/setup-python to install Python 3.8 (affects global pip and python3). See example here
2. Update the CI to use Ubuntu 24.04
3. Update the publish.yaml and/or release.yaml to install LXD and not use destructive mode, since we are now building on a different Ubuntu version than the host

What needs to get done

1. Use the actions/setup-python to install Python 3.8, example
2. Replace runs-on: ubuntu-20.04 with runs-on: ubuntu-24.04, in the .github/workflows
3. Update the publish.yaml and/or release.yaml to install LXD and not use destructive mode, since we are now building on a different Ubuntu version than the host

Definition of Done

1. The CI of the repo is not using Ubuntu 20.04 anywhere
2. The changes are merged to the main branch

[syncronize-issues-to-jira]

Thank you for reporting your feedback to us!

The internal ticket has been created: https://warthogs.atlassian.net/browse/KF-7105.

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