terms.json

[
  {
    "term": "Entity",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Something that has separate and distinct existence and objective or conceptual reality.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19119:2016, 4.1.6"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Government or business organization that is formed to conduct business or represent the government of the day.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "CEOS Entities include Working Groups, Virtual Constellations, etc.",
        "sources": "- WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Accuracy",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Closeness of agreement between a measured quantity value and a true quantity value of a measurand.",
        "notes": "- In essence, Accuracy reflects how close measurements are to the accepted Value, while precision gauges the reliability and consistency of those measurements.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- BS ISO 5725-1"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Closeness of agreement between a measured quantity value and a true quantity value of a measurand.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ], GUM [ [RD4](https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/documents/jcgm/JCGM_100_2008_E.pdf) ]\n- Definitions used in other communities\n- ACIX community\n- [Community, not standard, definition]\n- Used in the atmospheric correction community to represent the average difference between the modelled and measured quantities"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Climate Indices",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Diagnostic time series representing the state of a climate system, derived from specific atmospheric or oceanic variables.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Columbia University](http://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu/dochelp/StatTutorial/Homogeneity/index.html)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Area of Representativeness",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "Volume of Representativeness",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Area (or volume) where concentration does not deviate from the station value by more than a specified range.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Larssen [ [RD12](https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/TEC12) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Electronic data package distributable to users; content is derived from instrument data via processing involving ancillary and auxiliary data.",
        "notes": "- Products may be accompanied by metadata and browse images.\n- A Product may be part of a collection — a distinction useful for archiving and cataloguing purposes.\n- The term Product may be used to denote a product type, such as e.g. ENVISAT_ASAR_L1B_PRI data products.\n- End users may distinguish between (input, \"raw\") data and products, i.e., the derived geophysical parameters.\n- See also granule.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Output of an organization distributable to users without transaction, derived from instrument data via processing with ancillary data, and may include metadata and browse images.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]\n- RD7: ISO 9000:2015(en), Quality management systems - Fundamentals and vocabulary\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Artifact",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "- A physical object that is made or modified by human culture\n- a three-dimensional object held in an archives\n- a library or archival resource that has value as a physical object in addition to its informational value\n- an anomaly in data that results from the methodology used to capture or analyze the data, or that was introduced or produced during a procedure",
        "notes": "from NIST: A piece of evidence, such as text or a reference to a resource, that is submitted to support a response to a question.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [https://dictionary.archivists.org/](https://dictionary.archivists.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Stability",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Maximum acceptable change in Uncertainty per decade.",
        "notes": "- GCOS uses bias or systematic errors instead of Uncertainty.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Modified from GCOS 2022"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Property of a measuring instrument, whereby its metrological properties remain constant in time",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Classification System",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Nomenclature used to classify Information into categorical thematic classes (e.g., EUNIS, MAES ecosystems, Corine Land Cover, LCCS).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Authorization of Use",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Official management decision to authorize use of an information system based on an authorization package and accepted risk to operations, assets, and reputation.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST SP 800-37 Rev. 2](https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-37r2)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Temporal Reporting Period",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Time Period used for reporting and for which the information should be aggregated from the native Temporal Resolution.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "| Entry format example | Valid unit                     |\n|----------------------|-------------------------------|\n| 1 s, 2 h, 1 d        | second, hour, day, month, year |",
        "sources": "- Modified WIGOS Metadata Standard 2019"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Archivist",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Professional trained in preserving original materials and facilitating access, with expertise across the records life cycle and strong research skills.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [National Archives and Records Administration](https://www.archives.gov/about/info/whats-an-archivist.html)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Open Source",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Software with source code available under an open license, permitting free use, inspection, modification, and redistribution by users with technical capability.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [opendatahandbook.org](https://opendatahandbook.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Compliance",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A state of being in accordance with established guidelines or specifications.",
        "notes": "Compliance of an information system concerns the relationship between the behavior of that running system and some relevant legal norms: the norms specify some constraints that must be satisfied and others that must not be violated, so that we can only say that the system complies if and only if no behavior of the system fails with regards to any of these two sets of constraints.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Theory of Regulatory Compliance for Requirements Engineering](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/45902050_Theory_of_Regulatory_Compliance_for_Requirements_Engineering)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "User Interface",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Set of all the components of an interactive system that provide information and controls for the User to accomplish specific tasks with the interactive system.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 9241-110:2020, 3.10"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Measurand",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Particular Quantity subject to Measurement.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "| Step | Process description |\n| :----- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n--- |\n| (Raw) | The complete and unaltered/unprocessed set of Data acquired by one or several sensors on a platform |\n| M/0 uncalibrated | Unaltered/unprocessed Level 0 (main) Sensor Data annotated with processed Ancillary Data and supplemented by Auxiliary Data (including radiometric and geometric Calibration coefficients and geo-referencing parameters) allowing further processing to higher Levels. |\n| M/1 Sensor-calibrated | Level M/0 Sensor Data which have been calibrated (ideally traceable to SI) and spatially aligned (co-located, eventually co-gridded) to represent at-Sensor measurements (Value and Uncertainty) in Sensor nominal spatiotemporal sampling, supplemented by appropriate ancillary data. |\n| M/2 target-calibrated | Level M/1 Data processed to represent geophysical Property values (and uncertainties) for a specified target (Object, Feature of interest, e.g. surface reflectance, apparent temperature) derived from M/1 Sensor Data, as much as possible maintaining the sensors nominal spatial and temporal sampling (Observation preserving). |\n| M/3 homogenised | Level M/1 or M/2 Data which have been generalised and integrated across one or several platforms and acquisitions to achieve an increased, more regular or in any other form enhanced spatial or temporal coverage in which states geophysical values agnostic of the originally acquiring Sensor and Observation condition and thus directly comparable. This homogenisation and fusion may include measurand re-Calibration to external standards and references including use of modelling, aggregation and interpolation. |\n| M/4 derived/inferred | Model output or results from analyses of Level M/3 (or lower level) Data i.e., attributes that might not be directly observable by the Sensor(s) but are derived from observations in combination with other external incl. non-observational Data using techniques like modelling or machine learning (AI). |\n\nFrom http://doi.org/10.2760/46796",
        "sources": "- VIM: 1993, 2.6\n\n- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Influence quantity",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Quantity that affects the relation between the indication and the measurement result without affecting the measured quantity.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Attitude Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data representing spacecraft orientation, pointing, calibration, alignment, Euler angles, quaternions, rates, biases, and associated accuracy parameters.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DAttitude%2BData&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Reformatting",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Transformation process converting data from one format to another, including reorganization, relocation, or dropping of fields, using well-defined rules to preserve information integrity.",
        "notes": "Transformation: a Digital Migration in which there is an alteration to the Content Information or PDI of an Archival Information Package. For example, changing ASCII codes to UNICODE in a text document being preserved is a Transformation.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Acquisition",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process from on-board recording and downlink to ground reconstruction of instrument source packets.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_for Review.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DAcquisition&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Quarantine",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Withholding of an Earth observation product from distribution due to severe technical or quality issues.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Instrumental drift",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Continuous or incremental change over time in indication, due to changes in metrological properties of a measuring instrument. Note that instrumental drift is related neither to a change in a quantity being measured nor to a change of any recognized influence quantity.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Restituted Orbit",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "Operational Orbit",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Orbit determination using delayed telemetry data with a one-day latency, computed from a three-day moving window and typically sampled every 60 seconds with lower precision than precise orbits.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Business Continuity",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An organisation's readiness to continue functioning during times of disruption.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Dictionary",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A formal repository of terms used to describe data. The repository should contain information for all data elements and allowed values of those elements used in metadata specifications.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Representation Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information enabling digital data to be interpreted and used, including structural, semantic, and format descriptions, provided formally (e.g., XFDU) or informally (e.g., text).",
        "notes": "Representation Information: the information that maps a Data Object into more meaningful concepts. An example is the ASCII definition that describes how a sequence of bits (i.e., a Data Object) is mapped into a symbol.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Algorithm",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Series of steps or rules for solving a problem or performing a task, especially by a computer.",
        "notes": "Algorithms implemented as software are delivered to science processing system to use as primary tools in the generation of science products. The term includes executable code, source code, job control scripts, and documentation.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- Oxford library\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "On-demand data set",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Collection of products that are generated in response to a user’s request. Such products could either be pre-defined or not.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Phenomenon",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Entity with at least one Property referenced by an identifier.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO, modified after Wikipedia and the Columbia Encyclopaedia 2008"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "A phenomenon is a fact or event that has\nproperties\n.\nSource:\nmodified after Wikipedia and The Columbia Encyclopedia 2008",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Preliminary Orbit",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Preliminary orbits are based on the fast delivery tracking data. They provide an improvement of the initial knowledge of the orbit but not the optimal fit.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Time of Year",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Time of the year at which the variable is observed or simulated by a model.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "| Type      | Entry format example | Valid unit     |\n|-----------|----------------------|----------------|\n| timestamp | m/d                  | Not Applicable |\n| timerange | m/d - m/d            | Not Applicable |",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Democracy",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Describes a methodological framework of values and actions that benefit and minimize any harm to the public or the typical user.",
        "notes": "A data democracy breaks down into at least six principles:\n- The average end user can access information in any digital format.\n- Non-specialists should be able to gather and analyze data or engage in self-service without requiring outside help, specifically from IT.\n- Individual private data needs to be protected, as decreed by the [General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)](https://eugdpr.org/) .\n- Data Quality is a must.\n- Technologies such as Augmented Analytics, NoSQL, dashboards, and self-service tools, like those created by Collibra, Teradata, and Unilog, play an important part in empowering nontechnical people in a Data Democracy.\n- [Data ethics](http://www.dataversity.net/what-are-data-ethics/) need to guide data democracies.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Dataversity](https://www.dataversity.net/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Information Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Product formed by selecting, acquiring, evaluating, analyzing, synthesizing, assessing, restructuring, aggregating, translating, packaging, or repackaging data and information from various sources.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Ingestion",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of accepting data from sources such as ground segment reception or processing, performing quality checks, extracting metadata including browse images, and forming a data product for archiving and cataloguing.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CCSDS – LTDP discussion and agreement (telecon 22 September 2014) ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DIngestion&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CCSDS+%E2%80%93+LTDP+discussion+and+agreement+%28telecon+22+September+2014%29+ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Center",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Facility that stores, maintains, and provides access to datasets, including data selection, replication, documentation, and tailored product generation.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DData%2BCenter&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Ad-hoc Order",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A request that is generated by a Consumer for information the OAIS has indicated is currently available.",
        "notes": "A general request for data from tape or disk cache without sub-setting or packaging; may become a subscription (standing order) repeating; or bulk order if exceed threshold - requires an order processor",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Transformation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of converting data or information from one format to another, typically from a source system to a required destination format, including language or structural transformations for platform compatibility.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data fusion",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Framework for combining data from multiple sources to produce higher-quality information, with quality defined by application context.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Wald L., A European proposal for terms of reference in data fusion. International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vol. XXXII, Part 7, 651-654, 1998\n- [Wald L., Some terms of reference in data fusion. IEEE Transactions on Geosciences and Remote Sensing, 37, 3, 1190-1193, 1999.](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/763269)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Analytics",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Systematic computational analysis of data or statistics to discover, interpret, and communicate meaningful patterns for decision-making.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Oxford Definition of Analytics](https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/analytics) ; [Oracle: What is Analytics](https://www.oracle.com/business-analytics/what-is-analytics/) ;\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Frame",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Fixed-size product generated from a longer data segment, with fixed frames having predefined geographical footprints and floating frames starting at user-chosen positions.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DFrame&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Environmental Process",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be defined",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Mission Phase",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Mission Specific period characterized by a set of parameters (e.g. Repeat Cycle, instrument configuration, etc...)",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DMission%2BPhase&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Earth Spheres",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Spheres dividing planet Earth into subsystems, which are collectives of (physical) matter sharing specific traits.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "- Atmosphere\n- Hydrosphere\n- Cryosphere\n- Biosphere\n- Lithosphere\n- Anthroposphere",
        "sources": "- Hugget, R., et al., 2024, DOI: 10.1177/03091333241275465\n- Guth, P., et al., 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183581\n- Martin, Y.E., et al., 2012"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Precision",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Closeness of agreement between indications or measured values obtained by replicate measurements on the same or similar objects under specified conditions.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- (1) ISO:19116 [ [RD8](https://www.iso.org/standard/37805.html) ]\n- (2) VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]\n- (3) from [ACIX](https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/2/352)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Telemetry",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Automated transmission of payload data (science, engineering) from a platform to receiving equipment via telemetry link, excluding commands, tracking, memory transfers, audio, or video.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DTelemetry&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Packaging Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A description of the package, which allows the user to understand the structure of the information package. In the data set it is part of the documentation .",
        "notes": "Packaging Information: the information that is used to bind and identify the components of an Information Package.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geopositioning",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Determination of the geographic Position of a point (0D) or linear (1D) Feature.",
        "notes": "- Modified from: ISO 19130-1:2018, 3.36",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Earth Observation Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Direct output from standardized satellite data processing chains (indicative levels 2 and 3), representing fundamental geophysical and biophysical variables. These products demonstrate direct Traceability to original satellite measurements through rigorous Calibration and Validation processes. The processing methodology prioritizes the conversion of raw sensor data into quantifiable physical measurements, maintaining strict adherence to standardized processing protocols and Validation requirements.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "- Soil moisture from microwave sensors\n- Forest canopy height from LiDAR data",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Coverage Interval",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "Coverage extent",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Range or specific subset of values associated with a coverage dataset.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Format",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "Data Formats",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Structured Data that is machine readable and can be automatically read and processed by a computer, such as HDF, NetCDF, CSV, JSON, XML, etc.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS Wiki\n\n- [Opendatahandbook.org](https://opendatahandbook.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Information Package",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Logical container containing optional content information and associated preservation description information, with packaging and package description information for identification and search.",
        "notes": "The Information Package contains the Content Information and associated Preservation Description Information which is needed to aid in the preservation of the Content Information. It has associated Packaging Information used to delimit and identify the Content Information and Preservation Description Information. It may have been packaged for a specific purpose such as the Submission Information Package, the Archival Information Package and the Dissemination Information Package.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Deprecated Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Products and collections that have been superseded by a newer version and are still available, but whose use is discouraged since they will be decommissioned in the future.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Downlink",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data stream from the satellite to a receiving station during visibility of the satellite from the station. The data stream transmits the payload data and optionally telemetry and housekeeping data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DDownlink&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Update Frequency",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Frequency at which the product is available to users.",
        "notes": "- Also known in product catalogues as dissemination frequency.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Bias correction",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Reconciling differences between sensors and/or products by a simple multiplication or addition of a correction factor. (unlike harmonisation / homogenisation which involve a recalibration of the sensor)",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Migration",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Transfer of digital information to new hardware or software environments to preserve it and overcome technological obsolescence, excluding format conversion as reprocessing.",
        "notes": "The transfer of digital information, while intending to preserve it, within the OAIS. It is distinguished from transfers in general by three attributes: • a focus on the preservation of the full information content; • a perspective that the new archival implementation of the information is a replacement for the old; and an understanding that full control and responsibility over all aspects of the transfer resides with the OAIS.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Record",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data or information in a fixed form with consistent content, structure, and context; for Earth observation, it includes instrument data, browse data, ancillary and auxiliary data, calibration and validation data, and metadata.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Uncertainty of Measurement Method",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Uncertainty associated with the method of measurement, as there can be other methods, some of them as yet unknown or in some way impractical, that would give systematically different results of apparently equal validity.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- GUM [ [RD4](https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/documents/jcgm/JCGM_100_2008_E.pdf) ], section F.2.5"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Laboratory Observation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Usually in-situ observations in which the Object or Phenomenon is isolated from other systems or altered in its original conditions or environment.",
        "notes": "- It is important to consider that Laboratory Observations are typically conducted in controlled conditions, allowing for isolation or alteration of the Object or Phenomenon from its natural environment or other systems.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Collection Group",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Set of collections sharing a specific characteristic, e. g. same terms of conditions for access authorization",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DCollection%2BGroup&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Consolidation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Consolidation is the process to provide a set of products for long-term archiving and further processing. Consolidation is one of the tasks of data preservation and leads the generation of the Master Data Records.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geodesy",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The branch of applied mathematics that deals with the measurement of the shape and area of large tracts of country, the exact position of geographical points, and the curvature, shape, and dimensions of the earth.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- dictionary.com\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Ancillary Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data acquired on the same platform as the main sensor but not from the sensor itself, used primarily for processing instrument data.",
        "notes": "This can be divided into data referred to as spacecraft 'engineering', 'core housekeeping' or 'subsystem' data obtained from other parts of the platform, and includes parameters such as orbit position and velocity, attitude and its range of change, time, temperatures, pressures, jet firings, water dumps, internally produced magnetic fields, and other environmental measurements. Ancillary refers to data that exist purely to serve the data processing.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ESA/CEOS?, modified\n- EO Data Stewardship Glossary"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Non-instrument data required for processing, including orbit, attitude, time, spacecraft engineering, calibration, quality, and external model data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS-ARD PFS template 20220302"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 3,
        "definition": "Data not from the sensor, provided in science telemetry, used to process instrument data and including spacecraft engineering, housekeeping, or subsystem parameters.",
        "notes": "OASIS equivalent definition is ancillary data can be considered as a Digital Data Object (object composed of a set of bit sequences) part of a Content Information, related to other digital objects (i.e. Primary Data) through Context Information (the information that documents the relationships of the Content Information to its environment; this includes why the Content Information was created and how it relates to other Content Information objects) or as a compound digital object which contains a mixture of Provenance, Context and Representation Information related to a Primary Digital Data Object",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DAncillary%2BData&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Climate Projection",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Simulated response of the climate system to a scenario of future emission or concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and aerosols, generally derived using climate models. Climate Projections are distinguished from climate predictions by their dependence on the emission/concentration/radiative forcing scenario used, which is in turn based on assumptions concerning, for example, future socioeconomic and technological developments that may or may not be realised.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- IPCC"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Analysis Ready Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Processed data product geometrically referenced and minimally corrected to enable direct use without additional user processing.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Decommissioned Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Products and collections that have been superseded by new versions and are no longer available.",
        "notes": "- Decommissioned products are no longer supported, i.e. corrections will not be made, new data will not be added, and support is not available.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Proximity Computing",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Computing data physically close to its source to minimize remote processing and data transfer.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Archival Information Package",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "AIP",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information package containing content and preservation description information preserved within an OAIS.",
        "notes": "An Information Package, consisting of the Content Information and the associated Preservation Description Information (PDI), which is preserved within an OAIS.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Dissemination Request",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Request for dissemination of specific products, parameterized by delivery method, medium, address, and product selection criteria, often part of a bulk dissemination request.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DDissemination%2BRequest&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Instrument",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Hardware system that collects scientific or operational data, or a hardware-integrated collection of one or more sensors contributing data of one type to an investigation.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DInstrument&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Open Access",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Principle that published research outputs, especially from publicly-funded work, should be freely accessible to all without subscription barriers.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [opendatahandbook.org](https://opendatahandbook.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Traceability",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Property of a measurement result whereby the result can be related to a Reference through a documented unbroken chain of calibrations, each contributing to the measurement uncertainty.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- https://www.isobudgets.com/Measurement-traceability-complying-iso-17025-requirements/\n\n- (1) VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ] ; (2) QA4EO; (3) ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Provider",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "Archive Holder, Data and Mission Owners",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An entity that archives and distributes data. The data provider may or may not be the entity that also produced the data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Near Real Time Data",
    "tags": "- high-impact\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data available for use with a specified (small and application dependent) latency, typically 3 hours for meteorological applications.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n\n- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Manager",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A role responsible for the management and organization of data assets. See also Data Curator, Science Steward, Data Steward for more specific role definitions.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Near Real Time",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data available with a small, application-dependent latency, typically 3 hours in meteorological applications.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Process Validation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Established documented evidence providing high assurance that a process consistently produces products meeting predefined specifications and quality characteristics.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CDRH [ [RD1](https://www.fda.gov/media/73141/download) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Knowledge Information Package",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "KIP",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information package containing consolidated data records and associated knowledge for a specific product type of an EO mission instrument, tailored to the designated community.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Science Data Segment Interface",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "SDS Interface",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "System for assessing and verifying quality of Raw Data Records (RDRs), Sensor Data Records (SDRs), Environmental Data Records (EDRs), and Temperature Data Records (TDRs) through distributed Product Evaluation and Test Elements (PEATEs).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EOSDIS](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DScience%2BData%2BSegment%2B%2528SDS%2529%2BInterface&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=EOSDIS)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "EO Space Data Users",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "User communities that rely on Earth Observation space data and products for application areas such as climate monitoring, agriculture, or disaster response.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Logical Record",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Logical unit of information defined by content, function, and use rather than physical storage; portions may span multiple physical records or multiple logical records may reside in one.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DLogical%2BRecord&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Appraisal",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Procedure for assessing the value and suitability of Earth observation space data sets for long-term preservation.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Acquisition",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Includes all stages of the process of acquiring a data product or services, beginning with the process for determining the need for the product or service and ending with the final stage of data storage or archival.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST Glossary](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/Broad_network_access)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Operational Scenario",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Pre-defined end-to-end flow of operation characterized with respect to the implemented overall data flow and interaction between the external entities and the PDGS system components.\nTypically, an operational scenario is triggered by an external event (data provisioning, e.g. satellite downlink, user request)",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DOperational%2BScenario&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Minimum Mapping Unit",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The area of the smallest Feature that is still represented on a map.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CGLS"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Virtual Archive Information Package",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A ‘Virtual’ AIP (vAIP) is an NCEI specific realization of the Open Archival Information System Reference Model (OAIS RM) concept of the Archival Information Package (AIP).",
        "notes": "vAIP may refer to the implementation, concept, or defined process that encapsulates their creation and management. vAIPs were created to provide a fundamental unit of abstraction for data held in Archive to guarantee Independent Understandability of Archive holdings for various Designated Communities to meet a goal of Long Term Preservation. Long Term Preservation implies that Archive holdings must be independent of specific technological implementations and catalog views of their contents, allowing for evolutionary and flexible growth in an unpredictable future.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Virtual AIPs](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1sHT76kOZbaIuA5PXjZ7StaWTfeFsfuNXC2I8dPNl2Zk/edit?usp=sharing) [Archival Epiphenomena](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/17tNAn9O3L4_mko9AKzgHEdRY3LA29zthBs9Hlact5-Y/edit?usp=sharing)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Stewardship",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Application of rigorous analyses and oversight to ensure data sets meet user needs, including metadata documentation, observing system feedback, inter-comparison, reprocessing, and recommendation of improvements.",
        "notes": "The responsibility for planning, management and certification of digital EO data sets throughout the mission phases and to ensure adequate funding. It includes curation and preservation activities. Data Stewardship covers governance, planning, implementation and management of the sourcing, use and maintenance of Space Data assets. Data Stewardship enables the governance of all the types and forms of Space Data Package and the related repositories or archives.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NOAA Data Management Planning Procedural Directive, Version 2.0.1, Environmental Data Management Committee[2]; NOAA Administrative Order 212-15[5] ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Model",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An Earth science metadata model, which supports the data standardization necessary for total system interoperability within a heterogeneous, open systems environment. The Data Model includes diagrams, which graphically illustrate the relationships of classes, the attributes contained within the classes, the characteristics of the relationships between classes, and the attribute specifications.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Earth Science Data System Glossary](https://earthdata.nasa.gov/user-resources/glossary)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Fixity Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The information which documents the mechanisms that ensure that the Content Information object has not been altered in an undocumented manner. An example is a Cyclical Redundancy Check (CRC) code for a file.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Derived Products",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Higher-level products (level 1b through 4) generated by applying calibration, geo-location transformations, and algorithms to produce sensor units or gridded geophysical parameters.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- 423-SPEC-001 NASA EarthScience Data Preservation Content Specification\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Service",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Output of an organization involving at least one activity performed between the organization and the customer, or a software component in a service-oriented architecture providing functionality or realizing capabilities.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]\n- [NIST](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Processing",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Collective set of data actions including collection, retention, logging, generation, transformation, use, disclosure, sharing, transmission, and disposal.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Uniform Resource Identifier",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Compact sequence of characters identifying an abstract or physical resource on the Internet.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Footprint",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "the area of a target encircled by the field-of-view of a detector of radiation, or irradiated by an active system",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NIST [RD15]\n- RD15: Prokhorov, A. V., R. U. Datla, V. P. Zakharenkov, V. Privalsky, T. W. Humpherys, and V. I. Sapritsky, Spaceborne Optoelectronic Sensors and their Radiometric Calibration. Terms and Definitions. Part 1. Calibration Techniques, Ed. by A. C. Parr and L. K. Issaev, NIST Technical Note NISTIR 7203, March 2005\n- [http://ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](http://ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx))"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geographic Identifier",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Spatial reference in the form of a label or code that identifies a Location.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "- \"Spain\" is an example of a label (country name); \"SW1-3AD\" is an example of a code (postcode).",
        "sources": "- ISO 19112:2019, 3.1.2"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Bulk Data Transfer",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A software-based mechanism that is designed to move large data files. It supports compression, blocking, and buffering to optimize transfer times.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Outreach",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The act of inviting users (or stakeholders more broadly) to engage in a mutually beneficial exchange.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NESDIS User Engagement Lexicon](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DOutreach&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=NESDIS+User+Engagement+Lexicon)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Primary Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A set of results from a scientific observation, i.e. the instrument data, delivered in the form of electromagnetic signals, photographic film, magnetic tape, or any other means.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "EO Space Data Producers",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Private or public institutes responsible for Earth Observation space missions and the production of derived data products at various levels.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Custodian",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Entity responsible for the safe custody, transport, storage of the data and implementation of business rules.",
        "notes": "- See also Steward.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Homogenisation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Unlike harmonisation, homogenisation is where all satellites are forced to look the same such that when looking at the same location at the same time they would (in theory) give the same signal. In reality the signals from different sensors would be different and homogenisation is adding in corrective terms to each satellite to make them look the same. It is likely that these corrective terms will not be 100% effective and that the process of homogenisation will add in scene dependent errors to the uncertainty budget which may be difficult to assess.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- FIDUCEO vocabulary"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Platform",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Support carrying instrument(s) or sensor(s), such as a spacecraft, aircraft, or ground-based platform.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geolocating",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Geopositioning of an Object using a Physical Sensor Model or a True Replacement Model.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19115-2:2009, 4.11"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Determination of the geographic location of a feature of two or more dimensions.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19130-1:2018, 3.36 ('geopositioning'), modified"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Browse",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of viewing browse data or images to quickly assess them before accessing full-resolution or broader spatio-temporal data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Sample",
    "tags": "- controversial\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Subset of one or more entities.",
        "notes": "- A Sample may be spatial, temporal, spectral, or in any other dimension or Trait.\n- Each Sample is contiguous, i.e. it does not consist of more than one discontinuous geometry in any dimension.\n- The Process of obtaining a Sample is called sampling.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Standard Uncertainty",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Standard deviation of the probability distribution describing the spread of possible values in quantitative/continuous data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Measurement uncertainty expressed as a standard deviation",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Policy Objective",
    "tags": "- high-impact\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Desired outcome that policymakers wish to achieve.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Type A evaluation of uncertainty",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Method of evaluation of a component of measurement uncertainty by a statistical analysis of quantity values obtained by measurements under repeatability conditions",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO guide 99 Vocabulary for International Metrology (updated draft of 2004)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Resolution",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be defined\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Smallest change in energy detectable and representable by the number of bits per pixel, where each bit doubles the number of possible values.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- (1) VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]; (2) NIST [RD15]; (3) MACC [RD13]\n- RD15: Prokhorov, A. V., R. U. Datla, V. P. Zakharenkov, V. Privalsky, T. W. Humpherys, and V. I. Sapritsky, Spaceborne Optoelectronic Sensors and their Radiometric Calibration. Terms and Definitions. Part 1. Calibration Techniques, Ed. by A. C. Parr and L. K. Issaev, NIST Technical Note NISTIR 7203, March 2005\n- RD13: MACC II Service Validation Protocol, Deliverable D153.1, May 2013\n- [NASA Earthdata](https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/backgrounders/remote-sensing)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Aggregation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The presentation of many data files as one consistent block of time and space.",
        "notes": "Usually implemented w/ OPENDAP clients THREDDS, ERDDAP Hyrax. Aggregation can be achieved through physical aggregation (combining several netcdf files to present a consistent block of time/space) or through virtual aggregation (combining several netcdf files dynamically through an OPENDAB client (ZarrDAP, THREDDS)",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NCEI/DAB\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Earth Observation",
    "tags": "- high-impact\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Science domain dealing with technologies and methods of collecting and analyzing observations about the different Earth spheres.",
        "notes": "- Earth Observation (EO) can be categorised by location of the sensor into space-borne, air-borne, sea-borne, ground-based, underwater and underground EO.\n- Earth Observation (EO) includes Remote Sensing, such as satellite imagery, as well as in-situ observations, e.g., with ground-based devices.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Modified GEO definition [GEO (earthobservations.org)](https://earthobservations.org/resources#key)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Authoritative Source",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Entity with verified access to accurate information from an issuing source to validate identity evidence during proofing.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST Glossary](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Policy Target",
    "tags": "- high-impact\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Specific level or rate set for the Policy Objective.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Repeatability",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Measurement precision under conditions including the same procedure, location, equipment, and replicate measurements on similar objects over time.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Maintenance",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Activities sustaining equipment and software in current operational configuration.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DMaintenance&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Subscription",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "Standing Order",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Service providing regular access to a predefined set of products, typically delivered online, with user enrollment via subscription requests and no further ordering required.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DSubscription&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Email issued to users when new data is available from the CLASS infrastructure.",
        "notes": "An email provides a 'symbolic link' to new files stored in an access area. (Not sure if all 'links' are emailed or some other notification)",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [OSGS/CLASS - NCEI/DAB](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DStanding%2BOrder%2B%2528Subscription%2529&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=OSGS%2FCLASS+-+NCEI%2FDAB)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Software as a Service",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "SaaS",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Software hosted and maintained by a third party, accessed via the web, with data storage and monetization managed by the host.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Open Data Handbook](https://opendatahandbook.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "User Engagement",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Evidence-based practice of understanding user needs, challenges, and work environments to deliver useful, usable, and used products and services through ongoing mutual exchange.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NESDIS User Engagement Council Lexicon](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DUser%2BEngagement&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=NESDIS+User+Engagement+Council+Lexicon)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Stewardship",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Responsibility for planning, management, and certification of digital Earth observation data sets throughout mission phases, including curation, preservation, governance, and resource allocation for space data assets and their repositories.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Application",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Computer program designed for specific end-user tasks, distinct from system or utility software.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_software#cite_note-:1-3)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Version",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Versioning refers to saving new copies of your files when you make changes so that you can go back and retrieve specific versions of your files later.",
        "notes": "Best practices is to record a version in the metadata. The version is increased when there is a modification to the scientific algorithm used to process the data.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Stanford University Data Management Services](https://library.stanford.edu/research/data-management-services/data-best-practices/data-versioning)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Provisional Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Products in a research and development phase not yet published into a standardized collection.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Spatial Resolution",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be defined",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Product Type Collection",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Ensemble of all available products of a specific product type.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Lead Time",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Minimum time of interval between an Observation being tasked and being performed.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Instrument Calibration",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Determination of parameters describing instrument characteristics for generating calibrated and comparable physical values, varying by instrument, mode, and over time due to degradation.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DInstrument%2BCalibration&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29) [2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DInstrument%2BCalibration&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Steward",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Entity responsible for the safe custody, transport, storage of the data and implementation of business rules.",
        "notes": "- See also Custodian.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Timeliness",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Period between the moment of requesting information and the moment of availability of information.\n\n- Near Real-Time (NRT): delivered less than 3 hours after requesting information.\n- Slow-Time Critical (STC): delivered within 48 hours after requesting information.\n- Non-Time Critical (NTC): typically delivered within 1 month after requesting information.",
        "notes": "- In some contexts also known as delivery time.\n- C3S URDB describes timeliness as \"the ability of the publish/subscribe middleware to provide the expected service within known time bounds\".",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Adapted from ESA S3 User Guide"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Tolerance",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be defined",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Flight Operations Segment",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Personnel and elements responsible for planning, executing, and evaluating control of the space segment in orbit.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Preserved data set Content",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "PDSC",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The individual items making up a complete Earth Observation data se t to be preserved, including data records , and the a ssociated knowledge , i.e. information , and tools . Preserving the complete PDSC ensures long term data usability and understandability. The composition of required items varies by data category (SAR, optical, atmospheric) and should be tailored to satisfy the designated community and preservation objective.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data set Series",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Collection of data sets sharing the same product specification. They are synonym of EO collections. They are named data set series as they may be mapped to ‘data set series’ accordingto the terminology defined in ISO 19113, ISO19114 and ISO 19115.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Process",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Series of activities that interact to produce a result.",
        "notes": "- A Process may occur once-only or be recurrent or periodic.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process)\n\n- ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]\n- RD7: ISO 9000:2015(en), Quality management systems - Fundamentals and vocabulary"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Detection limit",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "measured quantity value, obtained by a given measurement procedure, for which the probability of falsely claiming the absence of a component is β, given a probability α of falsely claiming its presence",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geometrical Resolution",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Ability of a sensor system to distinguish signals from neighboring object structures.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- DIN 18716-3 [RD3]\n- RD3: DIN 18716-3: 1997-07, Photogrammetry and remote sensing - Part 3: Remote sensing terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Precise Orbit",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Orbit model derived from all available satellite tracking data and dynamical corrections, achieving highest accuracy.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Measurement Procedure",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Detailed description of a measurement based on one or more principles and methods, including the measurement model and all calculations to obtain a result.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Collection",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Group of products that have been processed using a consistent radiometric calibration, geometric registration base, data/metadata format, and version of processing algorithms.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Grouping of environmental data or products sharing common characteristics, represented by a single metadata record and consisting of one or more granules; also referred to as a dataset.",
        "notes": "Note that in these definitions of “collection” and “granule” that a collection is the minimum citable unit of data, akin to a journal article. This approach helps align data citation and publication with the much more mature practices surrounding journal article publication. In this alignment, granules can be thought of as the words in that article. This functional definition allows for flexibility as well; just as current science domains have their own standards for what qualifies as a minimally citable body of work that can go into a single journal article, different data domains across NOAA can do the same and determine what makes sense to go into one of their collections. If NOAA should ever reach a more detailed definition, adjustments can be made to align the collection metadata with that new definition.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DCollection&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- This term and functional definition emerged from an ESIP session on collections and granules in the mid-2010’s.; [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Readme",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "File providing metadata to ensure correct interpretation of associated data by users now or in the future.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Earth System Data Record",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A unified and coherent set of observations of a given parameter of the Earth system, which is optimized to meet specific requirements in addressing science questions.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "User Support",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "User support is a function inside the payload data ground segment to support external users to interact with the segment, to handle user registration, inquiries, complaints. This function is usually provided by a help desk.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DUser%2BSupport&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Controlled Unclassified Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "CUI",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information requiring safeguarding or dissemination controls under law, regulation, or government policy, excluding classified national security information or atomic energy information.",
        "notes": "A categorical designation that refers to unclassified information that does not meet the standards mentioned above but is i) pertinent to the national interests of the United States or the important interests of entities outside the federal government, and ii) under law or policy requires protection from unauthorized disclosure, special handling safeguards, or prescribed limits on exchange or dissemination. Henceforth, the designation CUI replaces Sensitive But Unclassified (SBU).",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST Glossary](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/Broad_network_access)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Science Data System",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "System overseeing the lifecycle of science data from acquisition to distribution to maximize scientific return for researchers, decision makers, and society.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EOSDIS](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DScience%2BData%2BSystem&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=EOSDIS)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Governance",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A set of processes that ensures that data assets are formally managed throughout the enterprise. A data governance model establishes authority and management and decision making parameters related to the data produced or managed by the enterprise.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Bulk Order",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An order request for data from tape or disk cache which spans a month or more. This requires incremental direct download management or copy to alternative devices for delivery to a customer.",
        "notes": "A customer request which exceeds the customer’s ability to download the data requested immediately thus necessitating incremental direct download management or a data copy to an alternative device for shipment. In either case, an order processing function is needed to managed and track the request. This type of request would likely always involve the transfer of data from Glacier to S3/EFS.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- OSGS/CLASS - NCEI/DAB\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Spectral Resolution",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Measure of the ability to resolve features in the electromagnetic spectrum.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Temporal Resolution",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Regular interval between observations or model time steps that determines the smallest resolvable event or process.",
        "notes": "- WIGOS 2019 distinguishes between sampling time Period, as the Period over which a Measurement is taken, and temporal sampling interval as the time Period between the beginning of consecutive sampling periods. Temporal Resolution in this Glossary is equivalent to sampling time Period as used by WIGOS.",
        "examples": "| Entry format example | Valid unit                     |\n|----------------------|-------------------------------|\n| 1 s, 2 h, 1 m        | second, hour, day, month, year |",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "A time period during which data was collected or observations made, or a time period that an activity or collection is linked to intellectually or thematically, for example, 1997 to 1998; the 18th century.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Australian National Data Service - Content Providers Guide - Spatial and Temporal Coverage](https://documentation.ands.org.au/display/DOC/Temporal+coverage)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Catalogue Service",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Functionality to expose or publish product-level catalogues using protocols such as the Open Geospatial Consortium's Catalogue Service for Web (CSW).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Remote Sensing",
    "tags": "- controversial\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "Remote Observation",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Type of Observation performed at a significant distance from a Phenomenon.",
        "notes": "- 'Significant' in this context means that the distance has, or may have, a non-negligible impact on the Value of the Property observed.\n- The effect of the distance on the acquired data is the main distinction criterion between 'remote' and 'in-situ' observations.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Continuity",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be defined",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Curation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Value-adding, organizational, presentational, and preservation activities to establish, increase, and sustain the value of Earth observation data over its lifecycle.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Source Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data required for producing an Earth observation collection, including unenhanced satellite mission data, precision-corrected Level-1 radiance, or other pre-processed formats meeting program requirements.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Unprocessed data not yet transformed into meaningful information, originating from the source location in computing systems.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- multiple sources needs revision\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Quantity",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Property having a magnitude that can be expressed as a number from a continuous and contiguous range and a reference.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 1.1, modified — Notes omitted"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Property whose instances can be compared by ratio or only by order.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- gEOGlos (VIM4 Notes omitted)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 3,
        "definition": "Property of a phenomenon, body, or substance with a magnitude expressible as a number and a reference.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Policy",
    "tags": "- high-impact\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Deliberate system of guidelines to guide decisions and achieve rational outcomes. Statement of intent implemented as a procedure or protocol. Typically promulgated through official written documents.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Scientific Data Formats",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Structured, self-describing, open standards enabling N-dimensional scientific data representation via software libraries and machine-independent formats.",
        "notes": "Examples include CDF, HDF, netCDF",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Confidence Interval",
    "tags": "- controversial\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Probability that the Quantity lies in the interval, conditioned on the measuring or modelling assumptions.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Point-to-Area Representativeness",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "Point-to-Volume Representativeness",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The probability that a point measurement lies within a specific range of area-average (volume-average) concentration value",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Nappo [RD14]\n- RD14: Nappo, C.J., Caneill J.Y., Furman R.W., Gifford F.A., Kaimal J.C., Kramer M.L., Lockhart T.J., Pendergast M.M, Pielke R.A., Randerson D., Shreffler J.H., and Wyngaard J.C., The Workshop on the Representativeness of Meteorological Observations, June 1981, Boulder, CO, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 63, 761-764, 1982."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Circulation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "PDGS function implementing the distribution of products between facilities in the same or different geographic locations.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DCirculation&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Resample",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Technique of transforming a digital image to alter resolution, orientation, or sampling points for applications in medical, industrial, and remote sensing contexts.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Gurjar, S.B., Padmanabhan, N. Study of various resampling techniques for high-resolution remote sensing imagery. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 33, 113–120 (2005). [https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02989999](https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02989999)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Error",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Measured quantity value minus a reference quantity value.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- (1) VIM[ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]\n- (2) CEOS/ISO:19159 [ [RD10](https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:ts:19159:-1:ed-1:v1:en) ]\n- (3) MACC [ [RD13](http://www.gmes-atmosphere.eu/documents/maccii/deliverables/man/MACCII_MAN_DEL_D_153.1_20130528_Lambert_V2.pdf) ]\n- (4) GUM [ [RD4](https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/documents/jcgm/JCGM_100_2008_E.pdf) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Function",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Self-contained software routine that performs a task by processing input values and optionally returning results.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [PC Magazine](https://www.pcmag.com/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Archive Operations",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Functional entity managing day-to-day operations of an archive system, including hardware, software, monitoring, error recovery, maintenance, and reporting.",
        "notes": "Administration Functional Entity: The OAIS functional entity that contains the services and functions needed to control the operation of the other OAIS functional entities on a day-to-day basis.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Dissemination Information Package",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "DIP",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "[OAIS]Information Package - derived from one or more AIPs (Archival Information Package) -supplied to the Consumer in response to a request to the OAIS.",
        "notes": "Dissemination Information Package (DIP): the Information Package, derived from one or more AIPs, received by the Consumer in response to a request to the OAIS.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Use Policy Agreement",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Executed agreement between a data provider and a data recipient that specifies the terms under which the data can be used.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Acquisition Planning",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Computation of a non-conflicting timeline for space segment and station reception activities, accounting for budgets, capacities, station availability, and cross-mission conflict resolution.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DAcquisition%2BPlanning&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Measurement",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Observation of a Quantity.",
        "notes": "- The Process of collecting a measurement is called measuring.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- GEOGlos (VIM ?, modified)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Preservation Workflow",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A set of actions recommended for the preservation of an “EO Missions/Sensors data set” (i.e. EO space data records and associated information) with the goal to ensure and optimize its (re-)use in the long term.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Discovery",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Any service that helps the user to identify and locate EO resource starting from his needs. See also search and discovery .",
        "notes": "Finding Aid: a type of Access Aid that allows a user to search for and identify Archival Information Packages of interest.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Covariance Matrix",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Symmetric positive semi-definite matrix of dimension N × N associated with an estimate of a real vector quantity of dimension N × 1, containing on its diagonal the squares of the standard uncertainties associated with the respective components of the estimate of the quantity, and, in its off-diagonal positions, the covariances associated with pairs of components of that estimate",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- GUM S2 [ [RD6](https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/documents/jcgm/JCGM_102_2011_E.pdf) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Observation",
    "tags": "- controversial\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Act of determining the Value of a Property by interacting in a reproducible way with the Phenomenon using a Sensor.",
        "notes": "- The result of an Observation is a Value complemented by an Uncertainty, often itself being referred to as 'observation'.\n- An Observation result represents a Sample of the Phenomenon (otherwise it would be identical with the Phenomenon).",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Granule",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "Logical Granule",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The smallest aggregation of data which is independently managed (i.e. described, inventoried, retrievable). Granules may be managed as logical granules and/or physical granules.",
        "notes": "- See also product.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NASA EarthData](https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/glossary)\n\n- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DGranule&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- This term and functional definition emerged from an ESIP session on collections and granules in the mid-2010’s.; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Authenticity",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The degree to which a person (or system) regards an object as what it is purported to be. Authenticity is judged on the basis of evidence.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Machine Learning",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The use and development of computer systems that are able to learn and adapt without following explicit instructions, by using algorithms and statistical models to analyze and draw inferences from patterns in data.",
        "notes": "Machine learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence, which is broadly defined as the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior. Artificial intelligence systems are used to perform complex tasks in a way that is similar to how humans solve problems.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Oxford Dictionary; [MIT](https://mitsloan.mit.edu/ideas-made-to-matter/machine-learning-explained)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Scene",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Subset of instrument acquisition data segmented by time across the swath.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DScene&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Uniform Resource Locator",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Reference to a web resource specifying its location and retrieval mechanism.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Location Error",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Measure of the agreement between the represented Location of an Object and the true Location.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Physical Medium",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Any physical material capable of holding data(e.g., pages, film, magnetic tape, optical disk, wire, silicon).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DPhysical%2BMedium&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Consistency",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be defined",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Traceability Chain",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Sequence of measurement standards and calibrations that is used to relate a measurement result to a reference",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Satellite Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data comprising housekeeping telemetry and payload data transmitted via the payload telemetry link.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Climatology",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Long-term average of a climate variable, typically over 20–30 years, computed for specified time ranges such as monthly or daily means.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Columbia University](http://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu/dochelp/StatTutorial/Homogeneity/index.html)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Science Stewards",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Experts providing scientific oversight to ensure accurate data and metadata representation, guiding data quality, characterization, and usability requirements.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Peng, G., J.L. Privette, E.J. Kearns, N.A. Ritchey, and S. Ansari, 2015: A unified framework for measuring stewardship practices applied to digital environmental datasets. Data Science Journal , 13. [http://doi.org/10.2481/dsj.14-049](http://doi.org/10.2481/dsj.14-049)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Processing Levels",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Raw Data\nThe physical telemetry payload data as received from the satellite, i.e. a serial data stream without de-multiplexing.\nLevel 0\nReconstructed unprocessed data at full space-time resolution with all available supplemental information to be used in subsequent processing (e.g. ephemeris, health and safety) appended.\nLevel 1A\nReconstructed unprocessed data at full resolution, time-referenced, and annotated with ancillary information, including radiometric and geometric calibration coefficients and geo-referencing parameters (e.g. ephemeris) computed and appended but not applied to the Level 0 data.\nLevel 1B\nRadiometrically corrected and calibrated data in physical units at full instrument resolution as acquired.\nLevel 1C\nL1B data orthorectified, re-sampled to a specified grid\nLevel 2\nDerived geophysical parameters (e.g. sea surface temperature, leaf area index) at the same resolution and location as Level 1B source data.\nLevel 3\nData or retrieved geophysical parameters which have been spatially and/or temporally re-sampled (i.e. derived from Level 1 or 2 products), usually with some completeness and consistency. Such re-sampling may include averaging and compositing.\nLevel 4\nModel output or results from analyses of lower level data (i.e., variables that are not directly measured by the instruments, but are derived from these measurements; could be derived from multiple instrument measurements).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Expanded Uncertainty",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Standard Uncertainty multiplied by a coverage factor, k. The coverage factor is chosen to obtain a desired level of confidence. Most commonly a 95% confidence interval is chosen. For a Gaussian distribution, this is achieved with a coverage factor k = 2. (Note that strictly this provides a 95.45% confidence interval.)",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Spatial Reference",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Method by which location or coverage is designated (e.g., latitude and longitude).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS-DSIG Browse Guidelines DSIG_BGD_20130222.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DSpatial%2BReference&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS-DSIG+Browse+Guidelines+DSIG_BGD_20130222.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Place",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Part of any space referenced by an identifier.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19155:2012, 4.8"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Forecast Range",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The forecast period.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Cube",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Multi-dimensional array of values representing data along axes such as space, time, or other measurable dimensions.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Dead Band",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "Neutral Zone",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "maximum interval through which a value of a quantity being measured can be changed in both directions without producing a detectable change in the corresponding indication",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Field-of-view",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "the solid angle from which the detector receives radiation",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NIST [RD15]\n- RD15: Prokhorov, A. V., R. U. Datla, V. P. Zakharenkov, V. Privalsky, T. W. Humpherys, and V. I. Sapritsky, Spaceborne Optoelectronic Sensors and their Radiometric Calibration. Terms and Definitions. Part 1. Calibration Techniques, Ed. by A. C. Parr and L. K. Issaev, NIST Technical Note NISTIR 7203, March 2005"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Obsolete Product or Collection",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Products or collections which have been superseded by later versions of a product or collection.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Documentation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The information component of a data set's associated knowledge may include mission, instrument, calibration, and other information in the form of text documents.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Type B evaluation of uncertainty",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Method of evaluation of a component of measurement uncertainty by means other than a statistical analysis of quantity values obtained by measurement",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO guide 99 Vocabulary for International Metrology (updated draft of 2004)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Methodology",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A generalised description of an approach or set of approaches to carry out a particular task. This provides an overview of concept but not the detail as in a protocol or procedure.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Proposed working Definition"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "System",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Set of interrelated or interacting elements",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Interface Control Document",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "ICD",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "ICDs are used to record design agreements for the interfaces between participating organizations. ICDs provide a means to evaluate and control all mutually interdependent and/or interacting design parameters of the interface.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Online Access",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Function providing direct online availability of products for user download.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Access Functional Entity",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "OAIS functional entity that makes archival information holdings and related services visible to consumers.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Access",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Services or systems enabling data search, discovery, retrieval, and dissemination; may refer to functionality, service providers, or entities providing access.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Browse Image",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Visual representation of a product (as an image) to help and support product selection in the frameof the user service facility. Synonyms are: Browse, Quick-look, and Preview.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DBrowse%2BImage&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Submission Information Package",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "SIP",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An Information Package that is delivered by the Producer to the OAIS for use in the construction or update of one or more AIPs and/or the associated Descriptive Information.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Reconciliation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of matching processed output data with relevant input data to detect unexplained losses and establish the output as the master dataset for archiving and further use.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Fiducial",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "used as a fixed standard of reference for comparison or measurement (fiducial point)",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- WordNet [ [RD20](https://wordnet.princeton.edu/) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "EO Space Data Holders and Archive Owners",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "This category is intended to include all entities dealing with the archiving of EO space data and responsible for their preservation in the long term. It includes data providers, data and mission owners, archive holders, etc...",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Fiducial Reference Measurements",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "FRM",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Independent measurements traceable to SI standards, produced with documented uncertainties to validate satellite data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Copernicus/ESA; Donlan\n- ESA definition: [FRM](https://earth.esa.int/web/sppa/activities/frm)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Cloud Optimized Formats",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The format of data that is ideal in a cloud infrastructure to make them tractable to support cloud-native analysis or access.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Collection Update",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Minor revisions to a relatively small number of products within a collection for the purpose of correcting errors and maintaining consistent quality.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Exploitation Platform",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Collaborative Big Data processing environment enabling communities to share algorithms, data, and expertise for mission-specific or multi-mission research and service provisioning.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DExploitation%2BPlatform&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Time series",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A data sequence that is designed to be consistent over a defined time interval. Data points represent the same variable, processed in the same way, at evenly spaced points in time.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Global Attribute",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Metadata providing contextual information about a dataset as a whole to enable independent usability.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NASA ISTP Guide](https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/istp_guide/gattributes.html)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Operator",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A person who operates a computer in a datacenter and performs such activities as commanding the operating system, mounting disks and tapes and placing paper in the printer. Operators may also write the job control language (JCL), which schedules the daily work for the computer.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- PC Magazine\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Exploitation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Services, applications, and platforms that process and utilize space mission data to derive meaningful information and generate benefit.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Product Quality Control",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Determination of quality parameters for individual products through automated or manual activities such as quick look visualization.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DProduct%2BQuality%2BControl&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Version Control",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Method of working with collections, similar to the version control systems used in traditional software development but optimized to allow better processing of data and collaboration in the context of data analytics, research, and any other form of data analysis.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_version_control)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geographic Grid",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Regular grid based on a Geographic Coordinate Reference System (CRS).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geocoding",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Translation of one form of Location into another.",
        "notes": "- Geocoding usually refers to the translation of \"address\" or \"intersection\" to \"direct Position.\" Many service providers also include a \"reverse geocoding\" interface to their geocoder, thus extending the definition of the service as a general translator of Location. Because routing services use internal Location encodings not usually available to others, a geocoder is an integral part of the internals of such a service.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19133:2005; https://www.iso.org/standard/32551.html"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geolocation Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information used to determine geographic Location.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19130-1:2018, 3.34"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Policy Making",
    "tags": "- high-impact\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process by which governments translate their political vision into programmes and actions to deliver outcomes — desired change in the real world.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [ESA/CEOS?, modified](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/quality-public-administration-toolbox-practitioners)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Duration",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Non-negative interval Quantity of time equal to the difference between the final and initial instants of a time interval.",
        "notes": "- Duration is one of the base quantities in the International System of Quantities (ISQ) on which the International System of Units (SI) is based. The term \"time\" instead of \"duration\" is often used in this context and also for an infinitesimal duration.\n- For the term \"duration\", expressions such as \"time\" or \"time interval\" are often used, but the term \"time\" is not recommended in this sense and the term \"time interval\" is deprecated in this sense to avoid confusion with the concept of \"time interval\".\n- The exact duration of a time scale unit depends on the time scale used. For example, the durations of a year, month, week, day, hour or minute may depend on when they occur (in a Gregorian calendar, a calendar month can have a duration of 28, 29, 30, or 31 days; in a 24-hour clock, a clock minute can have a duration of 59, 60, or 61 seconds, etc.). Therefore, the exact duration can only be evaluated if the exact duration of each is known.\n- This definition is closely related to NOTE 1 of the terminological entry \"duration\" in IEC 60050-113:2011, 113-01-13.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 8601-1:2019, 3.1.1.8"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Context Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information documenting the relationships of content information to its environment, including its creation purpose and connections to other content objects.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geospatial Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data consisting of, derived from, or relating to information that is directly linked to specific geographical locations.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/geospatial\n- https://isotc211.geolexica.org/Concepts/202/, accessed 20221010"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Federated Archives",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A group of Archives that has agreed to provide access to their holdings via one or more common finding aids.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Common Data Elements",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "CDE",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The purpose of the CDE Project is to standardize the collection of investigational data to facilitate comparison of results across studies and more effectively aggregate information into significant metadata results.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIH](https://www.commondataelements.ninds.nih.gov/ProjReview)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Application Programming Interface",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "API",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "According to Wikipedia, \"In computer programming, an application programming interface (API) is a set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software and applications. An API expresses a software component in terms of its operations, inputs, outputs, and underlying types, defining functionalities that are independent of their respective implementations, which allows definitions and implementations to vary without compromising the interface. A good API makes it easier to develop a program by providing all the building blocks, which are then put together by the programmer. An API may be for a web-based system, operating system, or database system, and it provides facilities to develop applications for that system using a given programming language.\" As examples in EOSDIS, NASA's Common Metadata Repository (CMR) and Global Imagery Services (GIBS) provide an APIs to support client developers.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "A set of functions and procedures allowing the creation of applications that access the features or data of an operating system, application, or other service.",
        "notes": "An application programming interface (API) is an interface that defines interactions between multiple software applications or mixed hardware-software intermediaries. It defines the kinds of calls or requests that can be made, how to make them, the data formats that should be used, the conventions to follow, etc. It can also provide extension mechanisms so that users can extend existing functionality in various ways and to varying degrees. An API can be entirely custom, specific to a component, or designed based on an industry-standard to ensure interoperability. Through information hiding, APIs enable modular programming, allowing users to use the interface independently of the implementation.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Structured Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data with explicit structural relations between elements encoded in its storage format, such as XML or JSON, enabling logical interpretation distinct from visual layout.",
        "notes": "The Representation Information that imparts meaning about how other information is organized. For example, it maps bit streams to common computer types such as characters, numbers, and pixels and aggregations of those types such as character strings and arrays.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [Open Data Handbook](https://opendatahandbook.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Retrieval",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Physical transfer of data from a repository to the user.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Long Term Preservation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The act of maintaining information in a correct and independently understandable form over the long term.",
        "notes": "- Long term refers to a period of time long enough to be concerned with the impact which changing technologies, including support for media and data formats, and changing user communities will have on the information being held in a repository.\n- See also preservation.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n\n- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Licensing",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Legal instrument granting rights to use protected data, where open data requires an explicitly applied license conforming to the Open Definition.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [opendatahandbook.org](https://opendatahandbook.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Product Team",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Scientifically knowledgeable team ensuring products are generated, high quality, well documented, and delivered to the archive.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Grid",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Network composed of two or more sets of curves in which the members of each set intersect the members of the other sets in an algorithmic way.",
        "notes": "- The curves partition a space into grid cells or zones.\n- The intersection points of the curves are called nodes.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19123:2005, 4.1.23; Note 1 modified; Note 2 added"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Hydrosphere",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The masses of liquid water, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Guth et al. 2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Property",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Observable Trait.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Assessable and attributable characteristic of a phenomenon, named and either observable (factual) or assigned (fictional).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Directory Service",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Descriptions of metadata or data set catalogues accessed as a component of the Catalogue Service containing high level information suitable for making an initial determination of the potential usefulness of a data set for some application. Information on the location of metadata or data set catalogues will be found in this directory.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DDirectory%2BService&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Spectral Band",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Part of the electromagnetic spectrum of specific wavelengths. In Remote Sensing, usually described by central wavelength and bandwidth.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Archive Organization",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The organizational structure of an archive based on a sufficient number of qualified staffs with clear roles and responsibilities.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Dataset Landing Page",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Web page containing descriptive information and relevant documentation to facilitate understanding and use of a dataset.",
        "notes": "When a dataset identifier is resolved it will lead to a web page, (the “landing page”) representing that dataset.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Path",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Line defined in an algorithmic way using at least two positions (can be open-ended). Alternative: line connecting two positions in an algorithmic way (limited by end points).",
        "notes": "- A Path is a 1-dimensional Place.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Spatial Extent",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Zone or region of space described by a geographic identifier in the form of a label or code, or by a bounding box. Represents the maximum extent (the spatial boundary or limits) within which the User is requesting data.\n\nThe attribute represents the maximum spatial extent of the AOI, and in case the AOI is made of many discontinuous zones then it represents the maximum extent of the union of all the zones.",
        "notes": "- WIGOS metadata standard defines it as the typical spatial georeferenced volume covered by the observations.",
        "examples": "- If a User is requesting information about degradation of African protected sites, then the AOIs are the protected sites, and the spatial extent is the African continent.",
        "sources": "- Adapted from ISO 19170-1:2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Heterogeneous Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Heterogeneous data are any data with high variability of data types and formats. They are possibly ambiguous and low quality due to missing values, high data redundancy, and untruthfulness.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Tagging",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of adding tags or annotations to components of unstructured data at a granular level to prepare it for analysis, enabling deeper insight beyond broad categorization.",
        "notes": "see metadata; Metadata tagging has traditionally been a manual and often laborious process. It was mainly executed through a rule-based system encoded by a specific knowledge worker or subject matter expert (SME) alongside software engineers. Rule-based tagging focuses on tagging recognizable elements clearly defined within the content.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [innodata.com](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DTagging&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=innodata.com)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Sensor Performance Monitoring",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Long-term recording and trend analysis of parameters describing sensor quality and their level-0 outputs.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Certification Services",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A NCEI director certification of archive authenticity.",
        "notes": "NCEI certifies hardcopy data products (generally PDF) that are generated both offline and online. Customers pay for certification from the NOAA E-Commerce system and Pay.gov. The products are typically used in litigation and insurance claims.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NCEI/DAB\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Semantic Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The Representation Information that further describes the meaning beyond that provided by the Structure Information.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Management",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Services and functions for populating, maintaining, and accessing diverse information such as catalogs, processing algorithms, access statistics, security controls, and OAIS policies.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [I. Maggio European LTDP Glossary & Technical Definitions_Issue1.0.docx](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DData%2BManagement&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=I.+Maggio+European+LTDP+Glossary+%26+Technical+Definitions_Issue1.0.docx)\n- NOAA Data Management Planning Procedural Directive, Version 2.0.1, Environmental Data Management Committee[2]; NOAA Administrative Order 212-15[5]\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Temporal Consistency",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Condition where the temporal statistical properties of the Sample depend only on the underlying physical processes and not on other factors such as fusing different products or sensors.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Compression",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Reduction of file size via compression algorithms, rendering the file unreadable without decompression.",
        "notes": "There is the concept for multiple file compression primarily used for archive purposes. The compression methods such as the ZIP format are used to reduce the size of a single, huge file, there is compression to compress several files into one \"archive.\" It is convenient to store and considerably more convenient to transmit a single file than to keep track of multiple files but hinders integration of the data to tools and services, as well as performing rapid analysis.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST Glossary](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/term/Broad_network_access)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Maturity Matrix",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "Maturity Model",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Maturity Matrix/Model is a measurement of the ability of an organization for continuous improvement in a particular discipline. It defines of all activities needed to preserve and improve the information content, quality, accessibility, and usability of data and metadata.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Spatial Reporting Unit",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Smallest spatial object of interest that may be used for reporting and for which the information should be aggregated.",
        "notes": "- WIGOS 2019 uses 'spatial reporting interval', probably assuming observations are reported on a grid with regular spacing/intervals.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Instrument Source Packet",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An individual packet of data formatted by the instrument and reconstituted from within the descrambled VCDUs.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Archive Recommendation Package",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "ARP",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An ARP is written in collaboration with the Data Producers early on in the process, in which recommendations are assembled for what exactly should be archived. They are used for all the satellite missions for example, to support readiness reviews and make recommendations on things like what level of data should be archived.",
        "notes": "An ARP defines what should be archived to ensure the data are independently understandable. The ARP may include additional data and information required for completeness such as ancillary and auxiliary information, change memos, etc.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NOAA NESDIS NCEI\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Access Software",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "OAIS functional entity that makes archival information holdings and related services visible to consumers.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Band Central Wavelength",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Single wavelength Value within the sensitivity interval of a spectroradiometric Sensor which represents the respective band. It could be either the mean, the median, the maximum sensitivity, or any other reasonable Value chosen to be representative.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "| Entry format example | Valid unit                                        |\n|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------|\n| 0.545 μm             | micrometre (μm), millimetre (mm), centimetre (cm) |",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Artificial Intelligence",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.",
        "notes": "Software (and possibly hardware) systems designed by humans that, given a complex goal, act in the physical or digital dimension by perceiving their environment through data acquisition, interpreting the collected structured or unstructured data, reasoning on the knowledge, or processing the information, derived from this data and deciding the best action(s) to take to achieve the given goal. AI systems can either use symbolic rules or learn a numeric model, and they can also adapt their behaviour by analysing how the environment is affected by their previous actions.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [AI WATCH. Defining Artificial Intelligence - JRC Technical Reports](https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC118163)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "User Guide",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Documentation intended to assist users in using a particular product, service, or application.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [wikipedia](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DUser%2BGuide&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=wikipedia)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "User Category",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Classification of users in order to provide PDGS services with different access rights and service levels",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DUser%2BCategory&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Instantaneous Field of View",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "IFOV",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A measure of the spatial resolution of a remotesensing imaging system. Defined as the anglesubtended by a single detector element on theaxis of the optical system.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Provenance Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information documenting the origin, history, modifications, inputs, algorithms used, and custody of content.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Operations Center",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Physical location where “ Facilities ” are operated and/or coordinated, comprising infrastructure, human resources, operational procedures, etc.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Common Services",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The supporting services such as inter-process communication, name services, temporary storage allocation, exception handling, security, and directory services necessary to support the OAIS.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Reference",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Phenomenon whose values for specific properties are known and understood with an Uncertainty significantly lower (quantify?) than that of the Observation with which it is compared.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Sort of data acquired with an Uncertainty significantly lower (quantify?) than that of the data it is being compared with.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM?, modified"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Dwell Time",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Time that an antenna beam spends on a target.",
        "notes": "- In the context of radar sensing.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Colonialism",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The process by which governments, non-governmental organizations and corporations claim ownership of and privatize the data that is produced by their users and citizens.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Purdue University](https://www.purdue.edu/critical-data-studies/collaborative-glossary/data-colonialism.php#:~:text=The%20definition%20of%20%E2%80%9Cdata%20colonialism%E2%80%9D%20is%20the%20process,that%20is%20produced%20by%20their%20users%20and%20citizens.)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Order Fulfillment Access Model",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Group of data access services enabling delayed delivery due to non-immediate availability or need for formatting, transformation, or packaging.",
        "notes": "These services include:\n- Subsetting service - selecting a subset of observations from a dataset for particular time(s), location(s), observation station(s), and output format(s)\n- Document certification\n- Subscription service - a service allowing users to subscribe to notifications for datasets.\n- Ad Hoc orders\n- Event based subsetting\n- Transformation service\n- Bulk ordering - “ could involve pulling data from glacier” - volume component",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Preservation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Processes and operations used to ensure data technical and intellectual survival through time.",
        "notes": "- Grants data integrity, discoverability and accessibility, and facilitates its (re-)use in the long term.\n- Preservation is one of the tasks of data curation.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Processes ensuring the technical and intellectual survival of space data sets and metadata over time, preserving integrity, discoverability, accessibility, and long-term reusability.",
        "notes": "Preservation covers all processes and operations on individual or multi-mission data sets for ensuring the technical and intellectual survival of Space Data set and their metadata through time. It grants dataset integrity, its discoverability and accessibility, and facilitates its (re)-use in the long term. Preservation is one of the tasks of data curation. Examples are data record improvement and consolidation. XX",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Cell",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Spatial, spatio-temporal zone or temporal unit of geometry with dimensionality greater than 0, associated with a zone.",
        "notes": "- Cells are the unit of geometry in a DGGS, and the geometry of the region of space-time occupied by a zone is a Cell.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19170:2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data System",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "(1) A collection of hardware and software to perform one or more specific data processing, analysis, storage, retrieval or distribution functions.\n(2) An integrated system ideally containing online data catalogue(s) and inventories as well as data storage, access, manipulation, retrieval, and display capabilities.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DData%2BSystem&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Spectral Bandwidth",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Range of the Spectral Band.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Characteristic",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Distinguishing Feature.",
        "notes": "- A Characteristic can be inherent or assigned.\n- A Characteristic can be qualitative or quantitative.\n- There are various classes of Characteristics, such as the following:\n  - physical (e.g. mechanical, electrical, chemical, biological);\n  - sensory (e.g. relating to smell, touch, taste, sight, hearing);\n  - behavioural (e.g. courtesy, honesty, veracity);\n  - temporal (e.g. punctuality, reliability, availability);\n  - ergonomic (e.g. physiological characteristic or related to human safety);\n  - functional (e.g. maximum speed of an aircraft).",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 9000:2005, 3.5.1"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Abstraction of a Property of an Object or of a set of objects.",
        "notes": "- Characteristics are used for describing Concepts.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 1087-1:2000, 3.2.4; ISO 19146:2010(E); https://www.iso.org/standard/20057.html"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Area of Interest",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Zone in 2D or 3D for which the Information or Data is requested. It can be discontinuous in space — in other words it can consist of the union of many separate zones (e.g., Natural Reserves in Africa, Urban environments, etc.). The attribute indicates a request for spatially complete Data within the AOI zone(s).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "| Type                                    | Entry format example              | Valid units |\n|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------|\n| Geographical/administrative identifier  | NUTS3, LAU, Natura 2000 site      | unitless    |",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Earth Observation Based Output",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Higher-level processing and integration output (indicative level 4 and beyond) that goes beyond basic data processing. These outputs are often designed specifically for policy or decision-making needs, and can be categorized into sub-categories:\n\n- Outputs from models/model integration: use of EO products as inputs in numerical models or combining them with other data sources in modelling frameworks.\n- Indicator-based outputs: EO products transformed through specialized algorithms (including statistical methods, machine learning, and pattern recognition) to create meaningful metrics based on spatio-temporal analysis.\n- Outputs from reanalysis: merging of EO products with other observations and models, creating consistent long-term records of past atmospheric, oceanic, and land surface conditions, and filling gaps through data assimilation techniques.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Browse Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Subsets of data sets, other than directory and metadata, that facilitate user selection of specific data by providing reduced-resolution or simplified representations.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DBrowse%2BData&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Object",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Entity with a well-defined boundary and identity that encapsulates state and behaviour.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO/IEC 19501:2005"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Dispose",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Action of permanently and irrecoverably removing all copies of data held by an organization.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Operator",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Part of the PDGS being in charge of the management of the PDGS systems and operational procedures in order to provide the PDGS services to the users.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DOperator&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Access Collection",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A collection of AIPs that is defined by a Collection Description but for which there is no Packaging Information for the collection in Archival Storage.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Replicability",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Property enabling other researchers to conduct an independent study with different data and similar but not identical methods, yet arriving at results that confirm the original study's hypothesis.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Craglia, M., et al. (2018)."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Bias",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "- measurement bias: estimate of a systematic measurement error\n- instrument bias: average of replicate indications minus a reference quantity value\n- estimate of a systematic forecast error",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- - VIM [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]\n- - VIM [RD18]\n- - MACC [ [RD13](http://www.gmes-atmosphere.eu/documents/maccii/deliverables/man/MACCII_MAN_DEL_D_153.1_20130528_Lambert_V2.pdf) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Content Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information object comprising content data and representation information, serving as the primary target for preservation.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Sensor",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Device or instrument suited (through physical/chemical interaction) to measure one or more properties of a Phenomenon and thus collect factual/objective data.",
        "notes": "- Sensing is therefore a synonym for Observation (the Process).\n- As by their definition, sensors perform sampling.\n- Sensors used to obtain measurements must be calibrated and provide uncertainties.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Device which transmits an output signal in response to a physical input stimulus as voltage. In Earth observation a distinction between passives sensors, such as radiometers, and active sensors, such as radars, is common. Earth observation sensors – or instruments – are operated from different ground-/water-based, airborne, or spaceborne platforms.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Submission Agreement",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The agreement reached between an OAIS and theproducer that specifies a data model for the datasubmission session. This data model identifiesformat/contents and the logical constructs usedby the producer and how they are represented oneach media delivery or in a telecommunicationsession.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Thematic Uncertainty",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Uncertainty associated with the method of classification.",
        "notes": "- Typically, computed from the error matrix.\n- For a review of classification Uncertainty metrics, consult Ye et al. 2018.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Policy Cycle",
    "tags": "- high-impact\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Well-established concept, typically taught as the rational model of policy decision-making. Idealised view of the policy process.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [ESA/CEOS?, modified](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/quality-public-administration-toolbox-practitioners)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Maturity",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Beta\nProducts intended to enable users to gain familiarity with the parameters and the data formats.\nProvisional\nProduct was defined to facilitate data exploration and process studies that do not require rigorous validation. These data are partially validated and improvements are continuing; quality may not be optimal since validation and quality assurance are ongoing.\nValidated\nProducts are high quality data that have been fully validated and quality checked, and that are deemed suitable for systematic studies such as climate change, as well as for shorter term, process studies. These are publication quality data with well-defined uncertainties, but they are also subject to continuing validation, quality assurance, and further improvements in subsequent versions. Users are expected to be familiar with quality summaries of all data before publication of results; when in doubt, contact the appropriate instrument team.\n- Stage 1 Validation: Product accuracy is estimated using a small number of independent measurements obtained from selected locations and time periods and ground-truth/field program efforts.\n- Stage 2 Validation: Product accuracy is estimated over a significant set of locations and time periods by comparison with reference in situ or other suitable reference data. Spatial and temporal consistency of the product and with similar products has been evaluated over globally representative locations and time periods. Results are published in the peer-reviewed literature.\n- Stage 3 Validation: Product accuracy has been assessed. Uncertainties in the product and its associated structure are well quantified from comparison with reference in situ or other suitable reference data. Uncertainties are characterized in a statistically robust way over multiple locations and time periods representing global conditions. Spatial and temporal consistency of the product and with similar products has been evaluated over globally representative locations and periods. Results are published in the peer-reviewed literature.\n- Stage 4 Validation: Validation results for stage 3 are systematically updated when new product versions are released and as the time-series expands.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Validation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of assessing, by independent means, the quality of the data products derived from the system outputs.",
        "notes": "- In this part of ISO 19159, the term validation is used in a limited sense and only relates to the validation of calibration data in order to control their change over time.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO/TS 19101‑2:2008, 4.41"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Process of verifying that specified requirements are met by comparing mission products with representative reference data, ensuring quality and traceability.",
        "notes": "- In this part of ISO 19159, the term validation is used in a limited sense and only relates to the validation of calibration data in order to control their change over time.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- BIPM; QA4EO; ESA?, modified"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 3,
        "definition": "Assurance that a product, service, or system meets customer and stakeholder needs through acceptance and suitability evaluation.",
        "notes": "- In this part of ISO 19159, the term validation is used in a limited sense and only relates to the validation of calibration data in order to control their change over time.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- EU-US Land Imaging EO Collaboration"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 4,
        "definition": "Process of assessing, by independent means, the quality of data products derived from system outputs.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- (1) CEOS/ISO:19159 [RD10]; (2) VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]; (3) ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]; (4) NIST [RD15]; (5) CDRH [ [RD1](https://www.fda.gov/media/73141/download) ]\n- RD10:SO/TS 19159-1:2014(en), Geographic information - Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data — Part 1: Optical sensors\n- RD15: Prokhorov, A. V., R. U. Datla, V. P. Zakharenkov, V. Privalsky, T. W. Humpherys, and V. I. Sapritsky, Spaceborne Optoelectronic Sensors and their Radiometric Calibration. Terms and Definitions. Part 1. Calibration Techniques, Ed. by A. C. Parr and L. K. Issaev, NIST Technical Note NISTIR 7203, March 2005\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Provenance",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information documenting the origin, history, modifications, inputs, algorithms used, and custody of content.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Auxiliary Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data enhancing processing and utilization of main sensor data, collected via different processes or platforms, and usable as independent datasets.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ESA/CEOS?, modified\n- ENMAP Glossary of Terms, https://www.enmap.org/Data/doc/EnMAP_Terms.pdf, 20210624\n- EO Data Stewardship Glossary"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Data required to perform processing of Sensor Data which is not obtained from the Sensor itself. Includes: (a) Data provided by the spacecraft (e.g. orbit Position and velocity, attitude, instrument house-keeping Data, on-board time); (b) Data not available from on-board sources.",
        "notes": "For EnMAP, this includes (a) orbit files, attitude files, Calibration Data, instrument house-keeping Data; (b) atmospheric parameters, reference images.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ENMAP Glossary of Terms, https://www.enmap.org/Data/doc/EnMAP_Terms.pdf, 20210624\n- EO Data Stewardship Glossary"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 3,
        "definition": "Data required for instrument processing that does not originate in the instrument itself or from the satellite. Some Auxiliary Data will be generated in the ground segment, whilst other Data will be provided from external sources.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS-ARD PFS template 20220302"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 4,
        "definition": "Data enhancing processing and utilization of remote sensing instrument data, collected via different processes or platforms, preferably georeferenced, and usable as independent datasets.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Logical Volume",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "That portion of a volume which is viewed by acomputer operating system as a volume. For instance, with today's WORM optical disk drives, each side of a two-sided disk is a physical volume.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DLogical%2BVolume&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Open Archival Information System",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "OAIS",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Organization with people and systems responsible for preserving information and making it available to a designated community, meeting defined archival responsibilities.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Producer",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Entity or organization that develops novel data products or improved algorithms, including system developers, operators, researchers, and data stewards responsible for data production or collection.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Environmental Data Management Planning Policy, February 2017, Version 1.0; [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Catalog Service",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of exposing product or collection-level catalogs via standardized protocols such as OGC CSW.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Directory",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "“Discovery” service for what services are available in the PDGS, i.e. intending by default a “Service Directory”. Typical usage is the directory of different “Product Catalogue” services for EO product collections",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DDirectory&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Location",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Particular Place referenced by an identifier.",
        "notes": "- While a (geo)location identifies a geographic Place, it may also be associated with objects other than the Earth.\n- While Location in principle covers 0- to 3-dimensional spatial geometries, it should not be used for 0- and 1-dimensional geometries (positions and paths).",
        "examples": "- Madrid\n- California",
        "sources": "- [ISO 19112:2019](https://www.iso.org/standard/70742.html), (E), 3.1.3, modified, note 2 added"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Visualization",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Display of an image representing a segment or subset of a data granule.",
        "notes": "Enables users to better identify and select the data they truly need, helping to minimize unnecessary downloads and egress costs",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NCEI/DAB](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DVisualization&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=NCEI%2FDAB)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Parameter",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A measurable or derived variable occurring in the physical or digital world.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DParameter&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Request",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A request is the generic means to use a function of an element that provides the function as its service. Requests are usually exchanged between elements such that one element uses the functions of the other.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DRequest&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Science",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Multidisciplinary approach to extracting actionable insights from large datasets through data preparation, advanced analysis, and result visualization to inform stakeholder decisions.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- IBM\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Preservation Description Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Reference, context, provenance, and fixity information, which is required for adequate preservation of the content information. Access rights information may be included. Preservation Description information is part of the data set's information component, and as such part of the associated knowledge .",
        "notes": "Preservation Description Information (PDI): the information which is necessary for adequate preservation of the Content Information and which can be categorized as Provenance, Reference, Fixity, Context information and Access rights.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Mining",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An analytical process that attempts to find correlations or patterns in large data sets for the purpose of data or knowledge discovery.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST Glossary](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Standardisation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Establish an agreement (not necessarily obligatory) on precise procedures and concepts",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Proposed working definition"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Migration",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Transfer of data between storage types, formats, or systems with minimal change, often driven by acquisitions, relocation, or system scaling, and used to rethink data strategy and architecture.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Raw Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Time-ordered telemetry data from the instrument before any processing has been applied.",
        "notes": "Time ordered telemetry data Extended Application Packets (EAPs) from the Data Handling Node (DHN). The Raw Data set is sent to Satellite Operations (SO) and/or to Stored Telemetry Analysis (STA). The raw data is stored as a Real-Time Telemetry (RT-TLM) file and also processed into a Processed Telemetry (PTM) file (C3).",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf) ; [JPSS Program Lexicon](https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/jpss/documents/470-00041_JPSS_Program_Lexicon_RevC_January_21_2016.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Event-based Order",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An event is any environmental observation of significance.",
        "notes": "There are two use cases for event based orders. 1) Observations from a particular event (time, space, variable) 2) Using an event observed in one dataset to order/subset data from another dataset. Might require an order processor or AI",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NCEI/DAB - OSGS/CLASS\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Designated Community",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Scientific or other user group in the same or related disciplines with a vested interest in the long-term availability and usability of a preserved dataset.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Period",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Particular era or span of time.",
        "notes": "- Periods are intervals named with a Period Identifier.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19170:2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Policy Milestone",
    "tags": "- high-impact\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Markers of significant progress in addressing specific issues, or crucial decision points where significant choices are made. Concrete examples include: policy planning and proposing, impact assessment, implementation, or implementation cycles (e.g., Water Framework Directive, Marine Strategy Framework Directive), achievement of Policy Objectives and Policy Targets, and evaluating and improving existing laws.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "On-the-fly Processing",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Fully automated generation of a requested product for immediate download, with processing time not exceeding 10 minutes.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DOn-the-fly%2BProcessing&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Secondary Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data used for processing or interpreting primary data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Procedure",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Specified way to carry out an activity or a process",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]\n- RD7:ISO 9000:2015(en), Quality management systems - Fundamentals and vocabulary"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Orbit Prediction and Determination",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Generation of attitude and state vectors to describe spacecraft position over time, computed either in advance (predicted) or after observation (restituted or precise).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Bulk Dissemination",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Bulk Dissemination is a special service provided in case of high volumes of data to be disseminated to User (Research on-demand or Operational). Typically, this implies dissemination on media or allocation of dedicated FTP resources for this user.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DBulk%2BDissemination&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Outcome",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be defined",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Period Identifier",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Temporal reference in the form of a label or code that identifies a Period.",
        "notes": "- Period Identifiers are the temporal equivalent of geographic identifiers as specified in ISO 19912.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19170:2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Volume",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A unit of physical storage medium which contains data. Usually physically interchangeable with other volumes of a similar type, and requiring a specific device for reading or writing.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Radiometric Calibration",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Determination of radiometric instrument performance across spatial, spectral, and temporal domains by relating output to true radiometric values.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NIST [RD15]\n- RD15: Prokhorov, A. V., R. U. Datla, V. P. Zakharenkov, V. Privalsky, T. W. Humpherys, and V. I. Sapritsky, Spaceborne Optoelectronic Sensors and their Radiometric Calibration. Terms and Definitions. Part 1. Calibration Techniques, Ed. by A. C. Parr and L. K. Issaev, NIST Technical Note NISTIR 7203, March 2005"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Housekeeping Telemetry",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Housekeeping telemetry (HKTM) is all the telemetry necessary to monitor the health and status of the satellite and transmitted through the telemetry link.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Collection Upgrade",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "New and improved major version of all products within a collection due to comprehensive reprocessing.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Workflow",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Orchestrated and repeatable pattern of business activity enabled by systematic organization of resources into processes.",
        "notes": "A Workflow is a sequence of tasks that processes a set of data. Workflows occur across every kind of business and industry. Anytime data is passed between humans and/or systems, a workflow is created. Workflows are the paths that describe how something goes from being undone to done, or raw to processed. Workflows happen throughout the workspace. Some are very structured, and others are unstructured, but workflows exist anytime data moves from one task to another.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [1] [Cornell Center for Advanced Computing](https://www.cac.cornell.edu/education/training/StampedeJan2015/workflowsAndDataManagement.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Cryosphere",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Masses of frozen water, such as sea ice, ice shields, glaciers, and snow.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Guth et al. 2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Minimum Mapping Width",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The width of the smallest linear Feature that is still represented on a map.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CGLS"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Analytics Optimized Data Store",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data stores offer reliable and flexible storage for processed data and make it available for queries and analysis on a large scale. Data stores do not require data schemas to be defined.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [AWS Mini User Guide to Data Stores and Datasets](https://d1.awsstatic.com/IoT/User%20Guide%20PDFs/03_AWS_Mini-User_Guide_Datastores-and-Datasets_August2018.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Time of Day",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Time of the day at which the variable or parameter is observed or simulated by a model.",
        "notes": "- In Remote Sensing it is also known as time of overpass.",
        "examples": "| Type      | Entry format example | Valid unit |\n|-----------|----------------------|------------|\n| timestamp | 18:00 h (0–24)       | Hours      |\n| timerange | 18:00 – 20:00 h      | Hours      |",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Policy File",
    "tags": "- high-impact\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Policy documents that represent the official written reference for a given Policy.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "EO Space Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Earth Observation data generated by spaceborne missions or instruments owned by public or private organizations.",
        "notes": "- See also Instrument data.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n\n- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Sensitivity of a Measuring System",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Quotient of the change in an indication of a measuring system and the corresponding change in a value of a quantity being measured.\nNote: sensitivity can depend on the value of the quantity being measured. The change considered in a value of a quantity being measured must be large compared with the resolution.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Value-added Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The production of a product in a manner that changes the physical state or form of the product and enhances its value, as demonstrated through a business plan. As a result of the change in physical state or the manner in which the product is produced and segregated, the customer base for the product is expanded",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Derived from [USDA](https://www.agmrc.org/business-development/valueadded-agriculture/articles/usda-value-added-ag-definition)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Orbit",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Path in space described by a satellite revolving around the Earth under mutual gravitational attraction.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Access Rights Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information specifying access restrictions on content, including legal terms, licensing, access control, and rights enforcement specifications as defined in submission agreements.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Inventory Service",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Part of a Catalogue Service containing information to identify and retrieve individual granules given variable ranges, including extracted granule metadata and ordering details.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DInventory%2BService&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Web Object Storage",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Object Storage accessible through HTTPS.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Search and Discovery Interface",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Web application interface enabling users to search collection or granule metadata using terms such as location, time, and characteristics.",
        "notes": "The results allow the discovery of datasets and supported services. Examples include (OneStop UI, EarthData UI)",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NCEI/DAB](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DSearch%2Band%2BDiscovery%2BInterface&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=NCEI%2FDAB)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Import",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Automated or semi-automated input of data sets between different software applications.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Retention Period",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The minimum amount of time that a key or other cryptographically related information should be retained.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Subsetting",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Extraction of a multi-dimensional rectangular pixel array from a data granule, defined by starting location and count along each dimension, or delivery of subset data based on time, space, variable type, or characteristics.",
        "notes": "Data subsetting can be achieved through several tools which support OpenDAP (THREDDS, Hyrax, ERDDAP). Specialized data APIs also support subsetting for order fulfillment (Common Access).\nIn research communities (for example, [earth sciences](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_science) , [astronomy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy) , [business](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business) , and [government](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government) ), subsetting is the process of retrieving just the parts of large files which are of interest for a specific purpose. This occurs usually in a client—server setting, where the extraction of the parts of interest occurs on the server before the data is sent to the client over a network. The main purpose of subsetting is to save bandwidth on the network and storage space on the client computer.\nSubsetting may be favorable for the following reasons: [[1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsetting#cite_note-Institute2012-1) ]\n- restrict or divide the time range\n- select [cross sections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-sectional_data) of data\n- select particular kinds of [time series](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_series)\n- exclude particular observations\nSubsetting within Programs\nYou can subset within statistical software programs to help speed up the process of subsetting if needed. There are many different types of subsetting that can provide challenges with using software programs though.\nSome types of subsetting are:\n- Atomic Vectors\n- Lists\n- Matrices and Arrays\n- Data Frames\n- S3 Objects\n- S4 Objects",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [ECS Project](http://edhs1.gsfc.nasa.gov/waisdata/docsw/pdf/tp1520303.pdf)\n- [NCEI/DAB](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DSubsetting&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=NCEI%2FDAB)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geosphere",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The masses of minerals that constitute planet Earth.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Guth et al. 2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Measurement Uncertainty",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Uncertainty associated with the method of Measurement.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS Wiki adopted from JCGM GUM"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Spatial Completeness",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Presence or absence of gaps, which are missing values in an otherwise continuous spatial data series.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "- Surface soil moisture retrieved from microwave satellite sensors may present gaps in mountainous terrains.",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Metrics",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Tools designed to facilitate decision making and improve performance and accountability through collection, analysis, and reporting of relevant performance-related data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Notification",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Function that informs registered recipients—internal ground segment elements or external users—about events in payload data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DNotification&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Cartographic Projection",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be defined",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Inventory System",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A specific implementation of an inventory service.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DInventory%2BSystem&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Search and Discovery",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of locating information using search criteria and obtaining details on available products via searchable metadata, browse images, and catalogue services.",
        "notes": "Finding Aid: a type of Access Aid that allows a user to search for and identify Archival Information Packages of interest.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Storage",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The permanent holding place for digital data, until purposely erased. Storage is a repository that retains its content without power",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Lineage",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The history of processing of a data element, which may include point-to-point data flows and the data actions performed upon the data element.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Research Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A data product produced at a science computing facility by a research algorithm for later migration to a community consensus algorithm and can be archived and distributed by an archive center.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [ECS Project](http://edhs1.gsfc.nasa.gov/waisdata/docsw/pdf/tp1520303.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Lifecycle",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Evolution of a system, product, service, project, or other human-made entity from conception through retirement.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Equivalence",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be defined",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data File",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A computer file that contains any type of data, including a word processing document or spreadsheet. It may also refer to a database file that contains records, such as orders and customers. A data file might also refer to the source code of a program but generally not to its executable machine language.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- pcmag.com\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Transcription",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Migration of data from one storage medium to another (from old to new technologies) in order to preserve the data and for efficiency purposes.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DTranscription&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Monitoring",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "(1) systematic evaluation over time of some quantity\n(2) by extension, evaluation over time of the performance of a system, of the occurrence of an event etc.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- (1) NIST [RD15]\n- (2) MACC [ [RD13](http://www.gmes-atmosphere.eu/documents/maccii/deliverables/man/MACCII_MAN_DEL_D_153.1_20130528_Lambert_V2.pdf) ]\n- RD15: Prokhorov, A. V., R. U. Datla, V. P. Zakharenkov, V. Privalsky, T. W. Humpherys, and V. I. Sapritsky, Spaceborne Optoelectronic Sensors and their Radiometric Calibration. Terms and Definitions. Part 1. Calibration Techniques, Ed. by A. C. Parr and L. K. Issaev, NIST Technical Note NISTIR 7203, March 2005"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Quality",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Metric—such as a number, graph, uncertainty budget, or flag—that enables users to evaluate the fitness for purpose of data or derived products.",
        "notes": "Quality Information: Secondary data required to assess the primary data set’s fitness for purpose, e.g. calibration and validation data and quality control results.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Interoperability",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Ability of different information technology systems and software applications to communicate, exchange data, and use the exchanged information, including interoperable discovery and access across catalogues and data formats.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Facility",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Grouping of functional activities operated together, including their hardware instantiation in an Operations Center.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DFacility&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Payload Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data transmitted via the payload telemetry link, presented as instrument data, platform ancillary data, and housekeeping telemetry after packet extraction and reordering.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DPayload%2BData&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Accessibility",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The capability to access available data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Proposed working Definition"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Fused Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Derived data product created by merging two or more fully interoperable products into a single, non-reversible dataset.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Coordinate Reference System",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Coordinate-based framework for defining and locating geographical entities locally, regionally, or globally.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Variable",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Physical property whose value determines the characteristics or behavior of a system, such as temperature, pressure, or density.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NASA Earthdata](https://earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/user-resources/glossary#parameter)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Climate Data Record",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "CDR",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A time series of measurements of sufficientlength, consistency, and continuity to determineclimate variability and change.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Refreshment",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A digital migration where the effect is to replacea media instance with a copy that is sufficiently exact so that all archival storage hardware and software continues to run as before.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Catalog",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "System for discovering Earth observation data products, organized into collections with access controls based on product and user type.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Discipline",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A field of study such as oceanography, meteorology, geology, or marine biology",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Operations",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Activities directly related to the acquisition, archiving, distribution, and processing of mission-related information.",
        "notes": "Relating to the NESDIS user requirements for routine data and services with established schedules, formats, and completeness. - UE Lexicon",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EOSDIS Project Science Office](https://eospso.nasa.gov/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Calibration",
    "tags": "- core\n- source missing\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of quantitatively defining a system's response to known, controlled inputs using reference measurements.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Operation that establishes and applies a relation between measurement standard values and instrument indications to derive measurement results.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- (1) CEOS/ISO:19159 [RD10]: ISO/TS 19159-1:2014(en), Geographic information - Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data — Part 1: Optical sensors\n- (2) VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Warehouse",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Unified database that holds and makes accessible an organization’s entire business information with subject-based classification, normalized design, and enterprise-wide data organization.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [technopedia.com](https://www.techopedia.com/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Open Science",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Practice of science adhering to open principles, including open access publishing, sharing research data and source code as open data, and using open-source tools.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [opendatahandbook.org](https://opendatahandbook.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Fiducial mark",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "index mark on a test system that allows automatic geometric identification and orientation detection of an object using imaging systems",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO:19262 [ [RD11](https://www.iso.org/standard/64219.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Distributor",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Entity that provides access to data for end users, ensuring accessibility and reliability across disciplinary boundaries.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Document detailing the theoretical foundation of an algorithm, including physical theory, mathematical procedures, and assumptions, updated with algorithm changes.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [NASA Earth Observing System Project Science Office](http://eospso.nasa.gov/content/algorithm-theoretical-basis-documents)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Information System",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "System composed of hardware, software, and operational procedures for processing, storing, or transmitting data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Engineering Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data which describe the physical condition and operation of the platform and instruments on the platform. Parameters might include temperatures at specific points, filter(s) in use, switch settings, memory data, etc.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DEngineering%2BData&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Mission Planning",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Computation of non-conflicting timelines for space payload activities and ground station reception, accounting for budgets, capacities, and station availabilities, including cross-mission conflict resolution.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Inventory",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Organization capability for archiving management, enabling grouping, searching, and identification of data products for retrieval, statistics, and reorganization; also refers to the list of available items in a storage system.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [¬ ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DInventory&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=%C2%AC+ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Administrative Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data collected and maintained by agencies are used to administer (or run) programs and provide services to the public.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Commerce Data Governance Board Inventory Working Group;\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Ingest",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of accepting data from sources such as ground segment reception or processing, performing quality checks, extracting metadata including browse images, and forming a data product for archiving and cataloguing.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Reprocessing",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Systematic generation of a new product revision using archived lower-level products, typically triggered by an improved processing algorithm.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Administration Functional Entity",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "OAIS functional entity that controls day-to-day operation of other OAIS functional entities.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Management Plan",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Plan describing how scientific data will be generated, processed, distributed, analyzed, archived, managed, described, stored, protected, and standardized throughout a project's lifecycle.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Earth Science Data System Glossary](https://earthdata.nasa.gov/user-resources/glossary)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Product Area",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Suite of products organized by thematic category into foundational data, geophysical products, and analytical reports.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Repository",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A metadata repository, commonly referred to as a catalog, is accessed by client applications that support user queries.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Earth Science Data System Glossary](https://earthdata.nasa.gov/user-resources/glossary)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Impact",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Regarded long-term according to X. However, in the Horizon Europe Missions terminology, regarded short-term.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Classification System Levels",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Levels in a hierarchical Classification System.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Archive",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "System for long-term storage of data products with guaranteed preservation.",
        "notes": "- This function includes all operations to identify, store and retrieve the data and ensure their integrity.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n\n- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Description Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Set of information identifying an archived dataset for long-term preservation, including spatial mission and payload details, data composition, availability, time span, volume, storage media, and archiving format.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Open Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data freely accessible, usable, modifiable, and shareable for any purpose, subject only to attribution or share-alike requirements, as defined by the Open Definition.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [opendatahandbook.org](https://opendatahandbook.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Calibration Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "CAL/VAL Data",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data required to calibrate instrument science data, engineering data, and spacecraft data, including pre-flight and in-flight measurements, calibration coefficients, and ground truth.",
        "notes": "CAL/VAL data can be considered as a digital data object (object composed of a set of bit sequences) part of a content information, related to other digital objects (i.e. primary data) through context information (the information that documents the relationships of the content information to its environment; this includes why the content Information was created and how it relates to other content information objects) or as a specialized type of provenance and representation information related to a primary digital data object.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Master Data Record",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Consolidated and quality-checked data record resulting from consolidation procedures, used for preservation, dissemination, and further processing in Earth Observation data stewardship.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Interoperable Products",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Set of two or more ARD products sufficiently documented to enable processing across a continuum of geometric and/or radiometric standards for direct quantitative comparison.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Temporal Revisit",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Interval between successive observations.",
        "notes": "- In Remote Sensing it is also called repeat cycle.\n- More generally it is known as temporal sampling interval.",
        "examples": "| Entry format example | Valid unit                     |\n|----------------------|-------------------------------|\n| 1 s, 2 h             | second, hour, day, month, year |",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Analysis",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Verification method using analytical techniques to demonstrate theoretical compliance with requirements through review, modeling, simulation, calculations, or data comparisons.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [JPSS Program Lexicon](https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/jpss/documents/470-00041_JPSS_Program_Lexicon_RevC_January_21_2016.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Verification",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Provision of objective evidence that a given item fulfils specified requirements.",
        "notes": "- When applicable, measurement uncertainty should be taken into consideration.\n- The item may be, e.g. a Process, measurement procedure, material, compound, or measuring system.\n- The specified requirements may be, e.g. that a manufacturer's specifications are met.\n- Verification should not be confused with Calibration. Not every verification is a Validation.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.44"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Evaluation of whether a product, service, or system complies with a regulation, specification, or imposed condition.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- EU-US Land Imaging EO Collaboration"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 3,
        "definition": "Evaluation of data reliability in the absence of a reference dataset, confirming consistency and internal coherence.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 4,
        "definition": "Provision of objective evidence that specified requirements have been fulfilled.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- (1) VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]; (2) ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]; (3) CDRH [ [RD1](https://www.fda.gov/media/73141/download) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "In Situ Measurement",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "(1) a direct measurement of the measurand in its original place\n(2) any sub-orbital measurement of the measurand",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- (1) CEOS/ISO:19159 [ [RD10](https://www.iso.org/standard/60080.html) ]\n- (2) GEOSS"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Vertical Levels",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Levels of a vertical discretization. Examples may be pressure levels in an atmospheric model reanalysis or height levels in a forest biomass EO product.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "| Entry format example                | Valid unit           |\n|------------------------------------|----------------------|\n| 1, 5, 10 meter; 1000, 850, 500 hPa | meter, hPa, unitless |",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Authoritative Copy",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Recognized as the official copy of the object from the originating source that has not been altered.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Copernicus Service Provider",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Institutional body, organisation or programme that provides reliable, trusted (authoritative?) EO Information and that has the financial resources to sustain the provision. It utilises satellite Data, ground-based measurements, and other sources to generate accurate and timely Data products related to various aspects of the Earth's environment, such as land, Atmosphere, oceans, and climate.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Use Metrics",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data Use Metrics represent statistics on data access volumes, user groups, usefulness/popularity of tools and services.",
        "notes": "These metrics are used by data managers to report and monitor the usefulness of datasets and products and are an effective means to engage users and stakeholders to improve products and services.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NCEI/DAB\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Object",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An entity that, together with associated Representation Information, is the original target of preservation.",
        "notes": "The Data Object, that together with associated Representation Information, is the original target of preservation.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [I. Maggio European LTDP Glossary & Technical Definitions_Issue1.0.docx](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DData%2BObject&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=I.+Maggio+European+LTDP+Glossary+%26+Technical+Definitions_Issue1.0.docx)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Domain Expert",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Subject-matter expert with authoritative knowledge in a specific domain, especially in expert systems development.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- wikipedia\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Quality Assessment",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Derivation of quality indicators sufficient to assess fulfillment of quality requirements.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Instance",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "One operational incarnation of an element with its configuration.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CCSDS – LTDP discussion and agreement (telecon 22 September 2014) ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DInstance&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CCSDS+%E2%80%93+LTDP+discussion+and+agreement+%28telecon+22+September+2014%29+ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Guide Service",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Part of a Catalogue Service that provides detailed information concerning specific data sets which enable the user to make a detailed analysis of whether a data set or a specific granule within the data set will be of value for some application. May also contain information necessary for analysis of the data (e.g calibration coefficients).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DGuide%2BService&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Licencing",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Legal instrument by which a copyright holder may grant rights over the protected work. Data and content is open if it is subject to an explicitly-applied licence that conforms to the Open Definition. A range of standard open licences are available, such as the Creative Commons CC-BY licence, which requires only attribution.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS Wiki"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Environmental Data Record",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Recorded and derived observations and measurements of physical, chemical, biological, geological, and geophysical properties of the Earth system, including correlative data, metadata, documentation, and numerical model outputs.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NOAA Data Management Planning Procedural Directive, Version 2.0.1, Environmental Data Management Committee; NOAA Administrative Order 212-15\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Baseline",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Reference Period, time or measure against which the Information is assessed or compared.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Source data that has been processed to a common set of requirements and organised into a form that allows immediate analysis and interoperability through time and with other collections.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Field-of-regard",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "an area of the object space scanned by the field-of-view of a scanning sensor",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NIST [RD15]\n- RD15:Prokhorov, A. V., R. U. Datla, V. P. Zakharenkov, V. Privalsky, T. W. Humpherys, and V. I. Sapritsky, Spaceborne Optoelectronic Sensors and their Radiometric Calibration. Terms and Definitions. Part 1. Calibration Techniques, Ed. by A. C. Parr and L. K. Issaev, NIST Technical Note NISTIR 7203, March 2005"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Payload Data Ground Segment",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The personnel and elements performing mission operations related to payload data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DPayload%2BData%2BGround%2BSegment&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Uncertainty",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Non-negative parameter, associated with data, characterizing the dispersion of the values of a Trait that can reasonably be attributed to a Phenomenon by means of sensing or modelling.",
        "notes": "- In case of quantitative (continuous) data the uncertainty may be, for example, a standard deviation (or a given multiple of it), or the half-width of an interval having a stated level of confidence (see e.g. Standard and Expanded Uncertainty).\n- For qualitative (categorical?) data, uncertainty may be expressed by commission and omission ('confusion matrix') or overall errors.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Modified from GUM, VIM4:3.1, FIDUCEO, Notes added"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Parameter, associated with the result of a measurement, that characterises the dispersion of the values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- GUM"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 3,
        "definition": "Measure of the spread of the distribution of possible values.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [FIDUCEO Glossary](https://research.reading.ac.uk/fiduceo/glossary/), VIM?, modified"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 4,
        "definition": "Parameter, associated with the result of measurement, that characterizes the dispersion of values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurand.",
        "notes": "- When the quality of accuracy or precision of measured values, such as coordinates, is to be characterized quantitatively, the quality parameter is an estimate of the uncertainty of the measurement results. Because accuracy is a qualitative concept, one should not use it quantitatively, that is associate numbers with it; numbers should be associated with measures of uncertainty instead.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19116:2004(E)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 5,
        "definition": "Parameter characterizing the dispersion of the values being attributed to a measurand, based on the information used.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM4: 3.1\n\n- [l](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Ground Sampling Distance",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "GSD",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "linear distance between pixel centres on the ground",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS/ISO:19159 [ [RD10](https://www.iso.org/standard/60080.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Digital Object Identifiers",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Persistent identifiers that are globally unique character strings that reference physical, digital, or abstract objects. They provide actionable, interoperable, persistent links to information about the objects they reference.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [DOI.org](https://www.doi.org/doi_handbook/Glossary.html)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Interferometric Baseline",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Accurate determination of orbital distances between satellites with compatible orbits, required for SAR and differential interferometry applications.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Lake",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A data lake is a centralized repository that allows you to store all your structured and unstructured data at any scale.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [AWS Amazon](https://aws.amazon.com/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Big Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data sets so large or complex that traditional data processing applications are inadequate.",
        "notes": "A collection of data so large that it cannot be stored, transmitted or processed by traditional means. The increasing availability of and need to process such datasets (for example, huge collections of weather or other scientific data) has led to the development of specialised computer technologies, architectures and programming languages.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Lithosphere",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The solid, inanimate outer layer of the Geosphere. For the purposes of Earth Observation, the Lithosphere is considered to include soils ('pedosphere').",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Guth et al. 2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Stewards",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Individuals responsible for establishing, maintaining, and being accountable for the quality, integrity, documentation, and preservation of environmental data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NOAA Data Management Planning Procedural Directive, Version 2.0.1, Environmental Data Management Committee[2]; NOAA Administrative Order 212-15[5]\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "REST",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A software architectural style that defines a common method for defining APIs for Web services.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST](https://csrc.nist.gov/glossary/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "In-Situ Observation",
    "tags": "- controversial\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Observations performed in the same Place where a Phenomenon occurs, normally without isolating it from other systems (its environment) or altering its pre-Observation state.",
        "notes": "- The main Characteristic of such observations is that distance has no or only negligible (within Uncertainty) influence on the Value of the Property observed. In-Situ Observations therefore often require either direct physical contact or small distances between a Sensor and the observed Phenomenon.\n- Observations not fulfilling these conditions are considered Remote Sensing.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Unstructured Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Information in diverse forms that does not conform to conventional data models, complicating storage and management in relational databases.",
        "notes": "Data that are not in fixed locations. The term refers to free-form text in business documents and reports, news articles and social media. For example, unstructured data are found in word processing files, PDF files, email messages, Internet forums, blogs, Web pages, Twitter feeds and Facebook pages. It is estimated that 80% of all electronic data are unstructured in contrast to highly organized tables in databases.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [PC Magazine](https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Homogeneous Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data drawn from a single population with constant external influences throughout the observation period.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Columbia University](http://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu/dochelp/StatTutorial/Homogeneity/index.html)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Repackaging",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Repackaging is a digital migration which alters the packaging information of the AIP.",
        "notes": "Repackaging: a Digital Migration in which there is an alteration in the Packaging Information of the AIP.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [European LTDP Common Guidelines Issue 2.0](https://earth.esa.int/documents/1656065/1681917/EuropeanLTDPCommonGuidelines_Issue2.0.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Quality Control",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "QC",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Activities to check and optimize data accuracy and precision after collection; part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- (1) CEOS/ISO:19159 [ [RD10](https://www.iso.org/standard/60080.html) ],\n- (2) ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]\n- RD10: ISO/TS 19159-1:2014(en), Geographic information - Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data — Part 1: Optical sensors\n- RD7: ISO 9000:2015(en), Quality management systems - Fundamentals and vocabulary"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Reference Model",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Conceptual framework of unifying concepts for understanding relationships among entities in an environment and developing consistent standards, particularly for archival systems preserving digital information.",
        "notes": "OAIS Definition Reference Model: a framework for understanding significant relationships among the entities of some environment, and for the development of consistent standards or specifications supporting that environment. A reference model is based on a small number of unifying concepts and may be used as a basis for education and explaining standards to a non-specialist.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Quality Assurance",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Part of quality management focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS/ISO:19159 [ [RD10](https://www.iso.org/standard/60080.html) ], ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]\n- RD10: ISO/TS 19159-1:2014(en), Geographic information - Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data — Part 1: Optical sensors\n- RD7: ISO 9000:2015(en), Quality management systems - Fundamentals and vocabulary"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Systematic Error",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Component of measurement error that remains constant or varies predictably across replicate measurements.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Information Object",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data object combined with its representation information, enabling interpretation and exchange of meaning.",
        "notes": "Any type of knowledge that can be exchanged. In an exchange, it is represented by data. An example is a string of bits (the data) accompanied by a description of how to interpret a string of bits as numbers representing temperature observations measured in degrees Celsius (the representation information).",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Quality Indicator",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Indicator providing sufficient information to allow all users to readily evaluate the fitness for purpose of the data or derived product. May be a number, set of numbers, graph, Uncertainty budget, or a simple flag.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS Wiki"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Information provided as a number, set of numbers, graph, uncertainty budget, or flag to evaluate data fitness for purpose.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Georectifying",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "Orthorectifying",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Correcting for positional displacement with respect to the surface of the Earth.",
        "notes": "- Source: ISO 19115-2:2019, 3.11; ISO 19115-2:2009(E); https://www.iso.org/standard/67039.html, modified",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": ""
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "The correction of sample locations to achieve some sort of geometric regularity, e.g., a regular 2D geographic grid.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Guide",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The guide function is part of the user information function to provide information about satellites, sensors, product types and services.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DGuide&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Inter-Project Agreement",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "IPA",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "IPAs are agreements between ESDIS and projects not managed by ESDIS. Generally, the projects involved agree on an exchange of support services and data. From the interface control viewpoint, these agreements identify the need for an interface and the scope of the interface.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Relative Standard Uncertainty",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Standard measurement uncertainty divided by the absolute value of the measured quantity value",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Swath",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Area covered by spatial samples collected during a scan of a spaceborne instrument, determined by its incidence angle.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Vicarious Calibration",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Post-launch calibration of sensors that make use of natural or artificial sites on the surface of the Earth",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS/ISO:19159 [ [RD10](https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso:ts:19159:-1:ed-1:v1:en) ]\n- RD10: ISO/TS 19159-1:2014(en), Geographic information - Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data — Part 1: Optical sensors"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Value",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Element of a type domain.",
        "notes": "- A Value may consider a possible state of an object within a class or type (domain).\n- A data value is an instance of a data type, a value without identity.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO/IEC 19501:2005, 0000_5"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Segregation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Earth observation products with degraded quality relative to nominal standards, such as those acquired during maneuvers or special campaigns, still useful but requiring clear indication of status and reason.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Standard Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Agency-certified key products systematically acquired and generated through extensive spatial and temporal processing.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Architecture",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data architecture describes the structure of an organization's logical and physical data assets and data management resources. It is an offshoot of enterprise architecture that comprises the models, policies, rules, and standards that govern the collection, storage, arrangement, integration, and use of data in organizations. An organization's data architecture is the purview of data architects.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- cio.com\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Trait",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Characteristic belonging to an entity and referenced by an identifier.",
        "notes": "- Traits can be objective (inherent?) in which case they are also observable and called properties. Traits which are not observable (directly or indirectly) need to be assigned.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Based on ISO 19143:2010, 4.21, ISO/IEC 2382:2015, 2121440, significantly modified, Note 1 added"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Structured Error",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Errors in satellite imagery affecting multiple pixels non-uniformly, where errors are correlated across affected regions due to localized systematic or random effects.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- FIDUCEO vocabulary"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Temporal Extent",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Period during which data was collected, observations were made, or for which the model was run.",
        "notes": "- In W3C this is the definition of temporal coverage.\n- Time Period covered by a series of observations inclusive of the specified date/time indications (measurement history). Defined based on the beginning and end dates of observations.",
        "examples": "- WIGOS Metadata",
        "sources": "- Adapted from W3C"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Representativeness",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Quality or characteristic of a measurement or Observation to accurately represent a specific geographic location, time Period, or environmental condition.",
        "notes": "- WIGOS metadata standard defines representativeness as the extent of the region around the Observation of which it is representative.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "The extent to which a set of measurements taken in a given space-time domain reflect the actual conditions in the same or different space-time domain taken on a scale appropriate for a specific application",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Nappo [RD14]\n- RD14: Nappo, C.J., Caneill J.Y., Furman R.W., Gifford F.A., Kaimal J.C., Kramer M.L., Lockhart T.J., Pendergast M.M, Pielke R.A., Randerson D., Shreffler J.H., and Wyngaard J.C., The Workshop on the Representativeness of Meteorological Observations, June 1981, Boulder, CO, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 63, 761-764, 1982."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Associated Knowledge",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "All information and tools relevant to instrument data that ensure its usability, legibility, and understandability.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Ground Truth",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Geophysical parameter data, measured or collected by other means than by the instrument itself, used as correlative or calibration/validation data for that instrument data. It includes data taken on the ground, on the ocean or in the atmosphere. Ground truth data is another measurement of the phenomenon of interest; it is not necessarily more \"true\" or more accurate than the instrument data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DGround%2BTruth&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "User",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Entity (person, organization, institution, etc.) requesting data or information with specified characteristics.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "External person, institution, or system consuming provided services.",
        "notes": "- Includes Data Access or Science and Service Exploitation Platforms provided by a payload data ground segment.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- EO Data Stewardship Glossary\n\n- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Spatial Consistency",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Condition where the spatial statistical properties of the data depend only on the underlying physical processes and not on other factors such as fusing different products or sensors. Also, the validity of the assumptions of the procedure to produce information holds true across the whole spatial range.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geographic Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data with implicit or explicit reference to a Location relative to the Earth.",
        "notes": "- Geographic Information is also used as a term for information concerning phenomena implicitly or explicitly associated with a Location relative to the Earth.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19109:2015, 4.13; ISO 19109:2005"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data User Guide",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A document, either on-line or hardcopy, containing the necessary information for the correct usage of the data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DData%2BUser%2BGuide&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Citizen Data Scientist",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A person who creates or generates models that leverage predictive or prescriptive analytics, but whose primary job function is outside of the field of statistics and analytics.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Gartner](https://www.gartner.com/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Quality",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Degree to which a set of inherent characteristics of an object fulfils requirements",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO:9000 [ [RD7](https://www.iso.org/standard/45481.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Technology Stewards",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Individuals who are responsible for establishing, maintaining, and being accountable for the",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Processing",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Generation of higher-level products from lower-level and auxiliary products using version-controlled core algorithms supplemented by administrative functions.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DProcessing&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Order Agreement",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Agreement specifying physical delivery details of data, such as media type and format.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Telemetry Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data stream of measured values (instrument science, instrument engineering, and spacecraftor platform engineering data), not including command, tracking, computer memory transfer, audio or video signals.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DTelemetry%2BData&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Backup",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "General practice of making copies of current baseline and derived products of EO Collections at specified time intervals, and storing those copies in a manner that will not affect the data if the primary distribution environment is compromised.",
        "notes": "- The emphasis is on the ability to retrieve a copy of the entire EO Collection on demand if the original data is lost or compromised.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Processing Baseline",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A combination of processor versions, auxiliary data and other needed enablers that allows the generation of a coherent set of EO products",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DProcessing%2BBaseline&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Curator",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Role responsible for annotating, publishing, and managing data to ensure long-term value, availability, and reusability.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Schema",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The definition of a data structure such as a database or XML file. Schemas describe the data elements and their interrelationships.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [PC Magazine](https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Architect",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Senior role responsible for translating business requirements into technology requirements and designing an organization’s enterprise data management framework, including standards, processes, and vocabulary.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- DAMA International’s Guide to the Data Management Body of Knowledge (DAMA-DMBOK2)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Integration",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Process of making datasets from different sources compatible through consistent naming, units, and coordinates to enable combined use.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [opendatahandbook.org](https://opendatahandbook.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Value and possibly Uncertainty of a Trait of a specific Entity.",
        "notes": "- Data simply describe entities using certain traits and are not targeted at a particular use or audience.",
        "examples": "Data can be categorised into:\n- factual (i.e. obtained by Observation) or fictional (obtained e.g. through modelling, estimating or assigning)\n- quantitative (continuous) or qualitative (categorical)\n- analogue or digital\n\n(list not exhaustive!)",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Scientific or technical measurements, calculated values, observations, or facts representable by numbers, tables, graphs, models, text, or symbols and used as a basis for reasoning and calculation.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data\n\n- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DData&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf) ; [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Atmosphere",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Layer of gases, commonly known as air, including suspended liquid and solid particles known as aerosols (incl. dust, clouds, snow and ice).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Guth et al. 2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Information",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Result of organizing, interpreting, categorizing, or classifying data to assign meaning understandable by the addressee.",
        "notes": "- Information depends on Data and is targeted.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Knowledge exchangeable in the form of data, including representation information that enables interpretation of the data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Monitoring and Control",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Function ensuring nominal operation of ground segment resources and making activities visible and traceable through operator interaction for failure handling.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DMonitoring%2Band%2BControl&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Random Error",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGISS",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Component of measurement error that varies unpredictably in replicate measurements.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- (1) VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]\n- (2) MACC [RD13]\n- RD13: MACC II Service Validation Protocol, Deliverable D153.1, May 2013"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Reproducibility",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Validity of study results through exact reproduction using the same data and methods to verify authenticity.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Ostermann and Granell (2015)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Measurement precision under conditions including different locations, operators, measuring systems, and replicate measurements on similar objects.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data set",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "Preserved Data Set",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Logically meaningful collection of similar or related data with shared characteristics—such as source, processing level, or resolution—grouped to meet specific coverage or revisit requirements.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Instrument Data",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "Sensor Data, Sensor Data Record",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data specifically associated with the instrument, either because it was generated by the instrument or included in data packets identified with that instrument.",
        "notes": "- These data consist of instrument science and engineering data, and possibly ancillary data. Instrument engineering data is produced by engineering sensor(s) of an instrument, used either for operating the instrument or for processing the science data generated by the instrument. Instrument science data is produced by the science sensor(s) of an instrument, usually constituting the basic reason for existence of an instrument.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Data created by an instrument including scientific measurements and any engineering or ancillary data which may be included in the data packets.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 3,
        "definition": "Data produced and transmitted by the science and engineering sensors of an instrument, and, in the spacecraft environment, any additional data packaged with the instrument's sensor data by virtue of services provided.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 4,
        "definition": "Data specifically associated with the instrument, generated by it or included in its data packets, comprising science and engineering data, and possibly ancillary data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS-WGISS Document: Auxiliary Data in the CEOS Community: Reference](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DInstrument%2BData&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc) [Guidelines Document Part 1: Current Usage (1996) accessible at wgiss.ceos.org/archive/archive.doc/ads200part1.doc](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DInstrument%2BData&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=CEOS-WGISS+Document%3A+Auxiliary+Data+in+the+CEOS+Community%3A+Reference+Guidelines+Document+Part+1%3A+Current+Usage+%281996%29+accessible+at+wgiss.ceos.org%2Farchive%2Farchive.doc%2Fads200part1.doc)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Producer",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Role of persons or systems providing information to be preserved, including other OAISs or internal entities.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Building Block",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Set of functions with a well-defined external interface allowing reuse for different missions",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_for Review.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DBuilding%2BBlock&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Knowledge Transfer File",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be defined\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "",
        "notes": "Knowledge Information Package (KIP) - An information package containing the (consolidated) data records for a specific product type (collection) of an EO mission instrument plus the associated knowledge. The KIP can be tailored to the designated community.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Thumbnail",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Small, very low resolution browse image which may be made available for users as part of the catalogue service .",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Reprojection",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Changing the coordinates values of a dataset from one coordinate system to another coordinate system.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [GIS](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DReprojection&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=GIS)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Model",
    "tags": "- controversial\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "An, often numeric, theoretical (or otherwise abstract) representation of an Entity intended to generate Data describing one or more of its traits (as a result of pre-set conditions).",
        "notes": "- The Process of generating Data using a model is called modelling.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Geographic Coordinate Reference System",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Coordinate Reference System (CRS) that has a geodetic Reference frame and an ellipsoidal coordinate system.",
        "notes": "- Also known as geographic CRS.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.35"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Consumer",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Role of persons or client systems that interact with OAIS services to find and access preserved information.",
        "notes": "The role played by those persons or client systems, who interact with OAIS services to find preserved information of interest and to access that information in detail. This can include other OAISs, as well as internal OAIS persons or systems.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Final Product Version",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Product within an EO Collection that is not expected to be updated.",
        "notes": "- In its production, all of the prerequisite auxiliary data were used as input.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Catalogue",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "System that provides discovery of information on which Earth observation products can be obtained.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "- A 'Product Catalogue' can organise products and collections with varying access levels depending on product and user type.",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n\n- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Purge",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "To permanently and irrecoverably remove all copies of an Earth Observation data set held in an organization.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Self-Service Access Model",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Self-Service Access Model - a group of data access services which a user can employ to obtain data of interest without any delay as the data are immediately available. Synchronous requests.",
        "notes": "These services include\n- Subsetting service available through tools (Thredds, Hyrax, ERDDAP)\n- Family of transfer services (SFTP, FTP, FTPS, HTTPS)\n- Visualization service (Hyrax, Jupyter Notebooks)\n- Preview service (Common Access\n- Geographic Information Services (GIS) clip-n-ship\n- Transformation services (Lambda functions) Convert Grib to ZARR Convert netCDF to COG\n- Dependent on the dataset and characteristics",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NCEI/DAB](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DSelf-Service%2BAccess%2BModel&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=NCEI%2FDAB)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Availability",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The quality of being at hand when needed",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Proposed Working Definition"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Production Request",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Request for producing one or more products, typically tied to a user order and parameterized with processing, input, and optional output parameters.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Granule Metadata",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "These are metadata elements that describe a single granule of a data product. Values of granule metadata apply to all of the data in that one granule. Typical metadata in this category describe spatial and temporal extent of the data as well as the quality and lineage of the data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CEOS CalVal Portal"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Biosphere",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Masses of living organisms, such as vegetation and animals, including dead but still connected parts such as roots, trunks or branches.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Guth et al. 2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Essential Climate Variable",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "ECV, Essential Climate Variables",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Physical, chemical, or biological variable or group of linked variables critical to characterizing Earth’s climate and providing empirical evidence for climate understanding, prediction, and service provision.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WMO](https://public.wmo.int/en)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms\n\n- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Positional Accuracy",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Closeness of coordinate value to the true or accepted value in a specified reference system",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO:19116 [ [RD8](https://www.iso.org/standard/37805.html) ]\n- RD8:ISO 19116:2004(en), Geographic information - Positioning services"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Transformation",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A digital migration in which there is an alteration to the content information or preservation Description information of an archival information package. For example, changing ASCII codes to UNICODE in a text document being preserved is a transformation. See also reformatting .",
        "notes": "Data can be converted dynamically on-demand (eg. converting Grib to netCDF, converting neCDF to COG) using a lambda function. The may result from order fulfillment in converting for example netCDF to Zarr or CSV to PDF.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [NCEI/DAB](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DTransformation&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=NCEI%2FDAB)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Cloud Computing",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Model for on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable IT resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NIST SP 800-145, The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing](https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-145.pdf) ; NOAA Cloud Computing Lexicon and Related Terms\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Anthroposphere",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "One of the Earth spheres consisting predominantly of matter processed by humans, such as construction wood, bricks, concrete, asphalt, glass, or plastics.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Guth et al. 2021"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Quality Information",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Secondary data required to assess the primary data set’s fitness for purpose, e.g. calibration and validation data and quality control results.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Access",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Service to disseminate Data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- KCEO"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Export",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Saving a copy of a document, database, image, or video in a file format compatible with another application.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [PC Magazine](https://www.pcmag.com/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Feature",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be discussed",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Abstraction of real-world phenomena.",
        "notes": "- A feature may occur as a type or an instance.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19101-1:2014, 4.1.11, modified"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Base",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "(1) A collection of data sets associated with a system, project, or facility.\n(2) A collection of interrelated or independent data items stored together in a structured way to serve one or more applications.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Fundamental Climate Data Record",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "FCDR",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Long-term, stabilised record of calibrated sensor observations in physical units with quantified uncertainty and associated ancillary data.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Definition agreed by the WG Climate"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Long Term Archive",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "System for long-term storage of data, separated from primary media for compliance or archival purposes, organized as files or cataloged structures.",
        "notes": "A facility that provides permanent active archive functions for archived holdings during and beyond the scope of the mission or project, receiving responsibility for these holdings and providing long-term access to users. - EOSDIS",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Predicted Orbit",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "These state vectors are calculated (e.g. at ESOC) using S-band tracking and relevant payloads received from previous orbits (e.g. altimeter, DORIS, GPS).",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Thematic Resolution",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Level of categorical detail of information expressed by the number of classes.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- CGLS"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Service Level Agreement",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Agreement defining expected service levels, measurement metrics, and remedies or penalties for unmet thresholds, applicable between companies or internal departments.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CIO.com](https://www.cio.com/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Operational Data Store",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Database optimized for frequent queries on transactional data, updated during business operations and typically serving as an interim staging area for a data warehouse.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [PC Magazine](https://www.pcmag.com/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Subscription Service",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Service that notifies subscribers of data updates.",
        "notes": "This service allows users to sign up or subscribe to data update notifications at a particular frequency. A user should expect a subscription acknowledgement as an initial response, and when new data is available on S3/EFS or Glacier for the data subscribed, a message is communicated to the user through e-mail, RSS feed, JSON feed, etc. This may require an order processor.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [NCEI/DAB - OSGS/CLASS](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DSubscription%2BService&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=NCEI%2FDAB+-+OSGS%2FCLASS)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Replication",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A Digital Migration where there is no change to the Packaging Information, the Content Information, and the PDI. The bits used to represent these Information Objects are preserved in the transfer to the same or new media instance.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "User Management",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "The user management function maintains information about registered users and supports registration, authentication and information needed for authorization.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DUser%2BManagement&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Indication",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Quantity value provided by a measuring instrument or a measuring system",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- VIM/ISO:99 [ [RD18](https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html) ]"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Latency",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGCV\n- WGClimate",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Period between the end of sensing of a Phenomenon to the beginning of availability of a specific product.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ?"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Time delay between event occurrence and use of processed data, typically within 3 hours for meteorological purposes.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "F.A.I.R. principle",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Guiding principles for enhancing Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse of digital assets with machine-actionability.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [https://www.go-fair.org/](https://www.go-fair.org/)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "File Transfer Protocol",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "FTP",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "A protocol used to transfer files over an IP network.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Position",
    "tags": "- base\n- to be discussed\n- controversial",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Place referenced by a single set of coordinates within a coordinate reference system.",
        "notes": "- Opposite to (previous) ISO definition, Position shall be used only for 0-dimensional primitives (points).",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- ISO 19133:2005, modified to cover only points, also called 'direct position'"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Dissemination",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Function that delivers final products to users via physical media, electronic distribution (e.g., ftp-push), or online server access (e.g., ftp-pull), including preparation of delivery media and management of online access.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [CEOS/WGISS/DSIG/GLOS](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- [ESA PDGS Glossary, PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033 (MM-PDGS Glossary Issue 2.0_forReview.docx)](https://calvalportal.ceos.org/web/guest/t-d_wiki?p_p_id=com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName=%2Fwiki%2Fedit_page&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcalvalportal.ceos.org%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Ft-d_wiki%3Fp_p_id%3Dcom_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_mvcRenderCommandName%3D%252Fwiki%252Fview_page%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeName%3DCEOS_Terms_and_Definitions%26_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title%3DDissemination&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_nodeId=668236&_com_liferay_wiki_web_portlet_WikiDisplayPortlet_INSTANCE_B9cyrDcwYNcn_title=ESA+PDGS+Glossary%2C+PGSI-GSEG-EOPG-LI-13-0033+%28MM-PDGS+Glossary+Issue+2.0_forReview.docx%29)\n- [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Intelligent Filtering",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Software components within the management system that perform this preprocessing task. They can be used to directly support the human operator as well as to sep- arate tasks within a management application software.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- Möller M., Tretter S., Fink B. (1995) Intelligent filtering in network management systems. In: Sethi A.S., Raynaud Y., Faure-Vincent F. (eds) Integrated Network Management IV. IM 1995. IFIP — The International Federation for Information Processing. Springer, Boston, MA. [https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34890-2_27](https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34890-2_27)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Derivative Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Product additionally processed from baseline or unenhanced mission data.",
        "notes": "- Generally either a compilation of time-series data (e.g., all time, annual, monthly or seasonal summary data, > Level 3) or thematic versions of each individual data tile of baseline data.\n- Derived products are citable via a Digital Object Identifier (DOI).",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [WGISS Shared Collection Lifecycle Management Principles for Earth Observation Data](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Documents/Shared%20Collection%20Lifecycle%20Management%20Principles%20for%20Earth%20Observation%20Data_March2025.pdf)"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Operational Product",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "It is recognized as an important data source for the data repository and operational reporting. It is used for processing and integrating data from multiple sources for operational decision support and reporting.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Data Management Services",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be discussed\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Services that enforce standards, ingest data, develop collections and products, maintain databases, ensure secure archival, provide user- and machine-accessible interfaces, assist users, migrate technologies, and respond to feedback.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- NOAA Administrative Order 212-15[5]\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    "term": "Metadata",
    "tags": "- core\n- to be approved\n- calval ingest\n- WGISS\n- WGCV",
    "synonyms": "",
    "definitions": [
      {
        "definition_no": 1,
        "definition": "Data describing other data, providing an understanding of the content and utility of a product or collection.",
        "notes": "- Metadata may be used to select data for a particular scientific investigation.\n- Metadata is intended as information describing significant aspects of a resource (Earth Observation space data in this context). They are created for the purposes of data search, discovery and access management and may exist at various levels, typically from data collection through to the individual variables of each product in a collection.",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- [EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)"
      },
      {
        "definition_no": 2,
        "definition": "Data describing characteristics, content, and utility of a dataset to enable search, discovery, and access management, particularly for Earth Observation resources.",
        "notes": "",
        "examples": "",
        "sources": "- WMO [ [RD19](http://www.bom.gov.au/wmo/quality_management.shtml) ]\n- [Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Recommended Practice CCSDS 650.0-M-2, Magenta Book 2012](https://public.ccsds.org/pubs/650x0m2.pdf) ; [CEOS EO Data Stewardship Glossary](https://ceos.org/document_management/Working_Groups/WGISS/Interest_Groups/Data_Stewardship/White_Papers/EO-DataStewardshipGlossary.pdf)\n- NESDIS Data Management Lexicon and Related Terms"
      }
    ]
  }
]