Add option to build Chapel with mimalloc as either the host or target allocator (#26246)

Adds the ability to set `CHPL_HOST_MEM` and/or `CHPL_TARGET_MEM` to
[`mimalloc`](https://github.com/microsoft/mimalloc/).

This PR only provides the option to use mimalloc, it does not change the
default from jemalloc

### Performance comparisons for `CHPL_TARGET_MEM` on linux64

#### test/performance/memory/microMemoryAllocation.chpl

Using `--trials=2_000_000`

- jemalloc: 1.38
- mimalloc: 7.79

#### test/studies/shootout/binary-trees/binarytrees-inner.chpl

Using `--n=21`

- jemalloc: 2.274
- mimalloc: 0.984

### Performance comparisons for `CHPL_HOST_MEM` on linux64

#### Compiling examples/hello.chpl

- jemalloc: 6.0s
- mimalloc: 5.1s

#### Compiling Arkouda

- jemalloc: 1879.510
- mimalloc: 1827.754

Major changes in this PR
- Add support to use mimalloc from `$CHPL_HOME/third-party/mimalloc` or
from the system
- Add a bundled mimalloc 2.1.7

Correctness testing
- [x] paratest with/without gasnet with CHPL_TARGET_MEM=mimalloc on
linux64
- [x] paratest with/without gasnet with CHPL_HOST_MEM=mimalloc on
linux64
- [x] `make check` with/without gasnet with CHPL_TARGET_MEM=mimalloc on
MacOS
- [x] `make check` with/without gasnet with CHPL_HOST_MEM=mimalloc on
MacOS
- [x] Test that fixed heap config with SS11 gives proper errors

Future work:
- enable fixed heap configs
- enable asan builds

[Reviewed by @jhh67]

Author: jabraham17

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -126,13 +126,15 @@ set(CHPL_HOST_SYSTEM_COMPILE_ARGS CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_HOST_BUNDLED_LINK_ARGS CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_HOST_SYSTEM_LINK_ARGS CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_HOST_JEMALLOC CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
+set(CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_TARGET_COMPILER_PRGENV CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_TARGET_BUNDLED_COMPILE_ARGS CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_TARGET_SYSTEM_COMPILE_ARGS CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_TARGET_BUNDLED_LINK_ARGS CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_TARGET_SYSTEM_LINK_ARGS CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_TARGET_MEM CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_TARGET_JEMALLOC CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
+set(CHPL_TARGET_MIMALLOC CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_TARGET_CPU_FLAG CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_TARGET_BACKEND_CPU CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_MAKE CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
@@ -157,6 +159,8 @@ set(CHPL_GMP_UNIQ_CFG_PATH CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_HWLOC_UNIQ_CFG_PATH CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_HOST_JEMALLOC_UNIQ_CFG_PATH CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_TARGET_JEMALLOC_UNIQ_CFG_PATH CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
+set(CHPL_TARGET_MIMALLOC_UNIQ_CFG_PATH CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
+set(CHPL_LLVM_CLANG_C_UNIQ_CFG_PATH CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_LIBFABRIC_UNIQ_CFG_PATH CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_LIBUNWIND_UNIQ_CFG_PATH CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
 set(CHPL_QTHREAD_UNIQ_CFG_PATH CACHE INTERNAL "Description")
@@ -359,12 +363,33 @@ add_subdirectory(compiler)
 add_subdirectory(frontend)
 add_subdirectory(tools/chpldoc)
 
+
+if (CHPL_HOST_MEM STREQUAL "mimalloc")
+  if (CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC STREQUAL "bundled")
+    find_package(mimalloc REQUIRED PATHS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/third-party/mimalloc/install/${CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC_UNIQ_CFG_PATH} NO_DEFAULT_PATH)
+  elseif (CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC STREQUAL "system")
+    find_package(mimalloc REQUIRED)
+  else()
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Invalid CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC value: ${CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC}")
+  endif()
+
+  # static linking results in much faster compile times, but causes crashes on Mac
+  if (APPLE)
+    target_link_libraries(ChplFrontend PRIVATE mimalloc)
+    target_link_libraries(ChplFrontendShared PRIVATE mimalloc)
+  else()
+    target_link_libraries(ChplFrontend PRIVATE mimalloc-static)
+    target_link_libraries(ChplFrontendShared PRIVATE mimalloc-static)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
 # Adjust the install rpath for chpl and chpldoc
 if (INSTALLATION_MODE STREQUAL "prefix")
   # let the build and install rpaths be absolute (which is the default)
   set_target_properties(chpl chpldoc ChplFrontendShared
                         PROPERTIES
                         INSTALL_RPATH "${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib/chapel/${CHPL_MAJOR_VERSION}.${CHPL_MINOR_VERSION}/compiler")
+  # TODO: handle rpath for mimalloc in prefix installs
   install(TARGETS chpl
           RUNTIME DESTINATION bin)
   install(TARGETS chpldoc OPTIONAL
@@ -387,10 +412,23 @@ else()
       set(CHPL_INSTALL_RPATH "@executable_path/../../lib/compiler/${CHPL_HOST_BIN_SUBDIR}")
     endif()
 
+    if (CHPL_HOST_MEM STREQUAL "mimalloc")
+      if (CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC STREQUAL "bundled")
+        if(APPLE)
+          set(CHPL_INSTALL_RPATH "${CHPL_INSTALL_RPATH};@executable_path/../../third-party/mimalloc/install/${CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC_UNIQ_CFG_PATH}/lib")
+        else()
+          # TODO: this adds both lib and lib64 but should only add the correct one
+          set(CHPL_INSTALL_RPATH "${CHPL_INSTALL_RPATH};$ORIGIN/../../third-party/mimalloc/install/${CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC_UNIQ_CFG_PATH}/lib;$ORIGIN/../../third-party/mimalloc/install/${CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC_UNIQ_CFG_PATH}/lib64")
+        endif()
+      elseif (CHPL_HOST_MIMALLOC STREQUAL "system")
+        set(CHPL_INSTALL_RPATH "${CHPL_INSTALL_RPATH};${MIMALLOC_LIBRARY_DIR}")
+      endif()
+    endif()
+
     set_target_properties(chpl chpldoc ChplFrontendShared
                           PROPERTIES
                           BUILD_WITH_INSTALL_RPATH TRUE
-                          INSTALL_RPATH ${CHPL_INSTALL_RPATH})
+                          INSTALL_RPATH "${CHPL_INSTALL_RPATH}")
   endif()
 
   install(TARGETS chpl

Makefile

@@ -80,18 +80,21 @@ frontend: FORCE
 	@echo "Making the frontend compiler library..."
 	@cd third-party && $(MAKE) llvm
 	@cd third-party && $(MAKE) CHPL_MAKE_HOST_TARGET=--host jemalloc
+	@cd third-party && $(MAKE) CHPL_MAKE_HOST_TARGET=--host mimalloc
 	@cd compiler && $(MAKE) frontend
 
 frontend-shared: FORCE
 	@echo "Making the frontend compiler library (always shared)..."
 	@cd third-party && $(MAKE) llvm
 	@cd third-party && $(MAKE) CHPL_MAKE_HOST_TARGET=--host jemalloc
+	@cd third-party && $(MAKE) CHPL_MAKE_HOST_TARGET=--host mimalloc
 	@cd compiler && $(MAKE) frontend-shared
 
 compiler: FORCE
 	@echo "Making the compiler..."
 	@cd third-party && $(MAKE) llvm
 	@cd third-party && $(MAKE) CHPL_MAKE_HOST_TARGET=--host jemalloc
+	@cd third-party && $(MAKE) CHPL_MAKE_HOST_TARGET=--host mimalloc
 	@cd compiler && $(MAKE)
 
 parser: FORCE

compiler/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -26,6 +26,17 @@ set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD_REQUIRED True)
 
 set(SRC_DIR     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
 
+
+if (CHPL_HOST_MEM STREQUAL "mimalloc")
+if (APPLE)
+    # filter mimalloc out of CHPL_HOST_BUNDLED_LINK_ARGS
+    # this is a hack to avoid linking mimalloc twice
+    string(REPLACE "-lmimalloc" "" CHPL_HOST_BUNDLED_LINK_ARGS "${CHPL_HOST_BUNDLED_LINK_ARGS}")
+    string(STRIP "${CHPL_HOST_BUNDLED_LINK_ARGS}" CHPL_HOST_BUNDLED_LINK_ARGS)
+endif()
+endif()
+
+
 # TODO: See if we can use these directly, I am not sure we can because
 # the CMake way to concat strings requires an output variable
 string(CONCAT CHPL_LLVM_COMP_ARGS ${CHPL_HOST_BUNDLED_COMPILE_ARGS} " " ${CHPL_HOST_SYSTEM_COMPILE_ARGS})

frontend/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -68,6 +68,16 @@ endif()
 string(REPLACE "-ljemalloc" "" CHPL_LLVM_LINK_ARGS "${CHPL_LLVM_LINK_ARGS}")
 string(STRIP "${CHPL_LLVM_LINK_ARGS}" CHPL_LLVM_LINK_ARGS)
 
+if (CHPL_HOST_MEM STREQUAL "mimalloc")
+if (APPLE)
+    # filter mimalloc out of CHPL_LLVM_LINK_ARGS
+    # this is a hack to avoid linking mimalloc twice
+    string(REPLACE "-lmimalloc" "" CHPL_LLVM_LINK_ARGS "${CHPL_LLVM_LINK_ARGS}")
+    string(STRIP "${CHPL_LLVM_LINK_ARGS}" CHPL_LLVM_LINK_ARGS)
+endif()
+endif()
+
+
 set(CHPL_MAIN_SRC_DIR     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
 set(CHPL_MAIN_INCLUDE_DIR ${CHPL_MAIN_SRC_DIR}/include)
 set(CHPL_INCLUDE_DIR      ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/include)

make/Makefile.base

@@ -196,9 +196,12 @@ include $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR)/qthread/Makefile.include
 include $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR)/jemalloc/Makefile.common.include
 ifeq ($(strip $(CHPL_MAKE_HOST_TARGET)),--host)
 include $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR)/jemalloc/Makefile.host.include-$(CHPL_MAKE_HOST_JEMALLOC)
+include $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR)/mimalloc/Makefile.host.include-$(CHPL_MAKE_HOST_MIMALLOC)
 else
 include $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR)/jemalloc/Makefile.target.include-$(CHPL_MAKE_TARGET_JEMALLOC)
+include $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR)/mimalloc/Makefile.target.include-$(CHPL_MAKE_TARGET_MIMALLOC)
 endif
+
 include $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR)/gmp/Makefile.include
 include $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR)/hwloc/Makefile.include
 include $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR)/re2/Makefile.include

runtime/Makefile

@@ -78,6 +78,10 @@ endif
 ifneq (, $(filter $(THIRD_PARTY_PKGS),jemalloc))
 	@echo "Making jemalloc..."
 	@$(MAKE) -C $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR) CHPL_MAKE_HOST_TARGET=--target jemalloc
+endif
+ifneq (, $(filter $(THIRD_PARTY_PKGS),mimalloc))
+	@echo "Making mimalloc..."
+	@$(MAKE) -C $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR) CHPL_MAKE_HOST_TARGET=--target mimalloc
 endif
 	@echo "Making third-party-packages..."
 	@$(MAKE) -C $(THIRD_PARTY_DIR) $(THIRD_PARTY_PKGS)

runtime/include/mem/mimalloc/chpl-mem-impl.h

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020-2025 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
+ * Copyright 2004-2019 Cray Inc.
+ * Other additional copyright holders may be indicated within.
+ *
+ * The entirety of this work is licensed under the Apache License,
+ * Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except
+ * in compliance with the License.
+ *
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/* mimalloc memory function implementation */
+#ifndef _chpl_mem_impl_H_
+#define _chpl_mem_impl_H_
+
+
+#include <mimalloc.h>
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+static inline void* chpl_calloc(size_t n, size_t size) {
+  return mi_calloc(n, size);
+}
+
+static inline void* chpl_malloc(size_t size) {
+  return mi_malloc(size);
+}
+
+static inline void* chpl_memalign(size_t boundary, size_t size) {
+  return mi_memalign(boundary, size);
+}
+
+static inline void* chpl_realloc(void* ptr, size_t size) {
+  return mi_realloc(ptr, size);
+}
+
+static inline void chpl_free(void* ptr) {
+  mi_free(ptr);
+}
+
+// malloc_good_size is OSX specific unfortunately. On other platforms just
+// return minSize.
+static inline size_t chpl_good_alloc_size(size_t minSize) {
+  return mi_malloc_good_size(minSize);
+}
+
+static inline size_t chpl_real_alloc_size(void* ptr) {
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#define CHPL_USING_MIMALLOC_MALLOC 1
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif

runtime/make/Makefile.runtime.head

@@ -62,6 +62,10 @@ ifneq ($(MAKE_LAUNCHER),1)
     LAUNCHER_CFLAGS += -DCHPL_TARGET_MEM_JEMALLOC
     LAUNCHER_INCLS += -I$(RUNTIME_ROOT)/include/mem/$(CHPL_MAKE_TARGET_MEM)
   endif
+  ifeq ($(CHPL_MAKE_TARGET_MEM),mimalloc)
+    LAUNCHER_CFLAGS += -DCHPL_TARGET_MEM_MIMALLOC
+    LAUNCHER_INCLS += -I$(RUNTIME_ROOT)/include/mem/$(CHPL_MAKE_TARGET_MEM)
+  endif
 endif
 
 # Get runtime headers and required -D flags.

runtime/make/Makefile.runtime.include

@@ -101,6 +101,11 @@ ifeq ($(MAKE_LAUNCHER),1)
       $(RUNTIME_ROOT)/make/Makefile.runtime.mem-$(CHPL_MAKE_TARGET_MEM)
     -include $(TARGET_MEM_INCLUDE)
   endif
+  ifeq ($(CHPL_MAKE_TARGET_MEM),mimalloc)
+    TARGET_MEM_INCLUDE=\
+      $(RUNTIME_ROOT)/make/Makefile.runtime.mem-$(CHPL_MAKE_TARGET_MEM)
+    -include $(TARGET_MEM_INCLUDE)
+  endif
 endif
 
 # Add any further includes for COMM.

runtime/make/Makefile.runtime.mem-mimalloc

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+
+# Copyright 2020-2025 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP
+# Copyright 2004-2019 Cray Inc.
+# Other additional copyright holders may be indicated within.
+#
+# The entirety of this work is licensed under the Apache License,
+# Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except
+# in compliance with the License.
+#
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# Add any further includes for MIMALLOC.
+MIMALLOC_INCLUDE=$(RUNTIME_ROOT)/make/Makefile.runtime.mimalloc-$(CHPL_MAKE_TARGET_MIMALLOC)
+-include $(MIMALLOC_INCLUDE)