-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathlinux_commands.html
241 lines (206 loc) · 11.8 KB
/
linux_commands.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>Linux 常用命令 — myhome 1.0.0 documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/default.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
<script type="text/javascript">
var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = {
URL_ROOT: './',
VERSION: '1.0.0',
COLLAPSE_INDEX: false,
FILE_SUFFIX: '.html',
HAS_SOURCE: true
};
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/jquery.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/underscore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="_static/doctools.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
<link rel="top" title="myhome 1.0.0 documentation" href="index.html" />
<link rel="up" title="Linux Doc (UBUNTU distribution)" href="software.html" />
<link rel="prev" title="Linux Doc (UBUNTU distribution)" href="software.html" />
</head>
<body>
<div class="related">
<h3>Navigation</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
accesskey="I">index</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="software.html" title="Linux Doc (UBUNTU distribution)"
accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
<li><a href="index.html">myhome 1.0.0 documentation</a> »</li>
<li><a href="software.html" accesskey="U">Linux Doc (UBUNTU distribution)</a> »</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="document">
<div class="documentwrapper">
<div class="bodywrapper">
<div class="body">
<div class="section" id="linux">
<h1>Linux 常用命令<a class="headerlink" href="#linux" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="section" id="find">
<h2>find<a class="headerlink" href="#find" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>find命令的作用是在目录中根据文件名搜索文件</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c">#列出当前目录及其子目录的所有文件和文件夹的完整路径。</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span>
<span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录中搜索文件名为Help.java的文件。</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -name Help.java
<span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录中搜索文件名为Help.java的文件(同上)。</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> . -name Help.java
<span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录中查找指定权限的文件</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -perm 755
<span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录中查找指定用户username的文件</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> . -user username
<span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录中查找5min内被访问过的文件</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> . -amin -5
<span class="c">#-amin 访问 -mmin 修改 -cmin 文件状态改变</span>
<span class="c"># 以上时间精确到分钟 若精确到天:min -> time</span>
<span class="c"># -5 5min内 +5 5min以上</span>
<span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录中查找文件大小限制的文件</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -size +1000000c
<span class="c">#+ 大于某个数 - 小于某个数</span>
<span class="c">#c 字节 可用单位还有：k、M、G</span>
<span class="c">#使用正则表达式技术(-regex)</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> . -regex <span class="s1">'.*b.*3'</span> <span class="c">#注意文件名匹配为全路径（即所有文件名为./filename形式）</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -type b <span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录下查找块设备文件。</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -type d <span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录下查文件夹。</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -type c <span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录下查找字符设备文件。</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -type p <span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录下查找管道文件。</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -type l <span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录下查找符号链接文件。</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -type f <span class="c">#在当前目录及其子目录下查找普通文件。</span>
<span class="c">#查找当前目录及其子目录下的文件夹，并将查找结果以ls -l的方式展现。</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -type d -exec ls -l <span class="o">{}</span> <span class="se">\;</span>
<span class="c"># -exec 表示由find找到的结果会作为其后设定的命令的参数</span>
<span class="c"># {} 表示find查找到的结果的每一项，</span>
<span class="c"># \; 表-exec参数结束</span>
<span class="c">#查找当前目录及其子目录下的文件夹，并将查找结果依次执行rm -rf命令，但是在执行命令前会有确认提示。</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> -type d -ok rm -rf <span class="o">{}</span> <span class="se">\;</span>
<span class="c">#设定目录展开程度选项：</span>
<span class="nv">$find</span> . -maxdepth 1 -name <span class="s2">"*.c"</span> <span class="c">#不进入子目录查找</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="grep">
<h2>grep<a class="headerlink" href="#grep" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>grep命令的作用是在目录中根据文件内容搜索文件</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="c">#查找当前目录下的所有文件中包含Clock字符串的文件，不查找子目录</span>
<span class="nv">$grep</span> Clock *
<span class="c">#查找当前目录下的所有文件中包含Clock字符串的文件，查找子目录</span>
<span class="nv">$grep</span> -r Clock *
<span class="c">#查找当前目录下的所有文件中包含Clock字符串的文件，查找子目录，并显示行号</span>
<span class="nv">$grep</span> -nr Clock *
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="sed">
<h2>sed<a class="headerlink" href="#sed" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>sed (stream editor 流编辑器) 同cut类似，是一个面向行处理的工具，一次只处理一行内容，处理结果直接输出到标准输出，直至文件结束，但不会对文件做任何修改。</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nv">$sed</span> <span class="s1">'command'</span> filename <span class="c">#注意需要将命令用单引号括起来</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> -e <span class="s1">'command1'</span> -e <span class="s1">'command2'</span> filename <span class="c">#多个命令需在每个命令前加-e</span>
<span class="c">#删除文件中含字符'2'的行，</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> <span class="s1">'/2/d'</span> filename
<span class="c">#输出含字符'2'的行,-n 选项要求只输出符合条件的行，否则会将每一行都输出</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> -n <span class="s1">'/2/p'</span> filename
<span class="c">#输出10～20行</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> -n <span class="s1">'10,20p'</span> filename
<span class="c">#将以d或D开头的行所有小写x改成大写X</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> <span class="s1">'/^[dD]/s/x/X/g'</span> filename
<span class="c">#删除每一行前两个字符 删除后两个字符用's/..$//'</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> <span class="s1">'s/..//'</span> filename
<span class="c">#在'patern'后加上'add'，&表示被匹配的部分</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> <span class="s1">'s/patern/&add/'</span> filename
<span class="c">#将匹配'abc'和'ABC'字符串之间的行输出</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> -n <span class="s1">'/abc/,/ABC/p'</span> filename
<span class="c">#在filename中'abc'行下插入insertfile的内容</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> <span class="s1">'/abc/r insertfile'</span> filename
<span class="c">#将filename中含'line1'到'line5'的行写到新文件newfile</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> <span class="s1">'/line[1-5]/w newfile'</span> filename
<span class="c">#在匹配'line'行下（上用-i选项）插入'insertline'</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> <span class="s1">'/line/a\insertline'</span> filename
<span class="c">#将'abc'对应替换为'ABC'</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> <span class="s1">'y/abc/ABC/'</span> filename
<span class="c">#找到'abc'的行，在其下一行(n;)中将'abc'每个字符对应替换为'ABC'</span>
<span class="nv">$sed</span> <span class="s1">'/abc/{n;y/abc/ABC/;}'</span> filename
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="vi">
<h2>vi<a class="headerlink" href="#vi" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<div class="section" id="id1">
<h3>替换<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>:1,$/\([0-9]\{4\}-[0-9]\{2\}-[0-9]\{2\}\)/'\1'/g
在xxxx-xx-xx日期格式两侧加单引号
\{n\} 表示重复此符号前的元素n遍，[0-9]\{4\}表示一个四位数
\(\) 表示匹配内容暂存，\1引用第一个暂存的内容
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sphinxsidebar">
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
<h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Linux 常用命令</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#find">find</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#grep">grep</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sed">sed</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#vi">vi</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id1">替换</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Previous topic</h4>
<p class="topless"><a href="software.html"
title="previous chapter">Linux Doc (UBUNTU distribution)</a></p>
<h3>This Page</h3>
<ul class="this-page-menu">
<li><a href="_sources/linux_commands.txt"
rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li>
</ul>
<div id="searchbox" style="display: none">
<h3>Quick search</h3>
<form class="search" action="search.html" method="get">
<input type="text" name="q" />
<input type="submit" value="Go" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</form>
<p class="searchtip" style="font-size: 90%">
Enter search terms or a module, class or function name.
</p>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearer"></div>
</div>
<div class="related">
<h3>Navigation</h3>
<ul>
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
<a href="genindex.html" title="General Index"
>index</a></li>
<li class="right" >
<a href="software.html" title="Linux Doc (UBUNTU distribution)"
>previous</a> |</li>
<li><a href="index.html">myhome 1.0.0 documentation</a> »</li>
<li><a href="software.html" >Linux Doc (UBUNTU distribution)</a> »</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="footer">
© Copyright 2014, conderls.
Created using <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.2.2.
</div>
</body>
</html>