helm: Incorporate kustomize provider patches into helm chart

[beraldoleal]

Description

Currently kustomize overlays have provider-specific patches that helm charts don't support:

Patches to incorporate:

• All providers: tls_certs_volume_mount.yaml
• alibabacloud: patch.yaml
• azure: workload-identity.yaml
• byom: ssh_host_key_allowlist_volume_mount.yaml
• docker: docker_mount.yaml, imagepullpolicy-patch.yaml
• ibmcloud: kata_direct_volumes_mount.yaml, cr_token_projection.yaml

Current situation:

• Docker mount was added directly to main daemonset.yaml template with {{- if eq .Values.provider "docker" }} conditionals
• Provider values are auto-generated by config-extractor (make sync-chart-values) with CI drift checking
• Adding many provider-specific conditionals to main templates could pollute them

The goal is to maintain parity with kustomize while keeping auto-generation workflow.