(Kliknite zgornjo sliko za ogled videa te lekcije)
Ta lekcija se osredotoča na napredne najboljše prakse za razvoj, testiranje in uvajanje MCP strežnikov ter funkcij v produkcijskih okoljih. Ker ekosistemi MCP postajajo vse bolj kompleksni in pomembni, sledenje uveljavljenim vzorcem zagotavlja zanesljivost, vzdržljivost in interoperabilnost. Lekcija združuje praktične izkušnje iz resničnih implementacij MCP, da vas usmeri k ustvarjanju robustnih, učinkovitih strežnikov z ustreznimi viri, pozivi in orodji.
Do konca te lekcije boste sposobni:
- Uporabiti industrijske najboljše prakse pri oblikovanju MCP strežnikov in funkcij
- Ustvariti celovite strategije testiranja za MCP strežnike
- Oblikovati učinkovite, ponovno uporabne vzorce delovnih tokov za kompleksne MCP aplikacije
- Uvesti ustrezno obravnavo napak, beleženje in opazovanje v MCP strežnikih
- Optimizirati MCP implementacije za zmogljivost, varnost in vzdržljivost
Preden se poglobimo v specifične prakse implementacije, je pomembno razumeti temeljna načela, ki vodijo učinkovit razvoj MCP:
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Standardizirana komunikacija: MCP uporablja JSON-RPC 2.0 kot svojo osnovo, kar zagotavlja dosleden format za zahteve, odgovore in obravnavo napak v vseh implementacijah.
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Uporabniško usmerjeno oblikovanje: Vedno dajte prednost soglasju, nadzoru in preglednosti uporabnika v svojih MCP implementacijah.
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Varnost na prvem mestu: Uvedite robustne varnostne ukrepe, vključno z avtentikacijo, avtorizacijo, validacijo in omejevanjem hitrosti.
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Modularna arhitektura: Oblikujte MCP strežnike z modularnim pristopom, kjer ima vsako orodje in vir jasno, osredotočeno nalogo.
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Stalne povezave: Izkoristite sposobnost MCP za ohranjanje stanja med več zahtevami za bolj koherentne in kontekstno zavedne interakcije.
Naslednje najboljše prakse izhajajo iz uradne dokumentacije Model Context Protocol:
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Soglasje in nadzor uporabnika: Vedno zahtevajte izrecno soglasje uporabnika pred dostopom do podatkov ali izvajanjem operacij. Omogočite jasen nadzor nad tem, kateri podatki so deljeni in katere akcije so odobrene.
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Zasebnost podatkov: Razkrijte podatke uporabnika le z izrecnim soglasjem in jih zaščitite z ustreznimi kontrolami dostopa. Preprečite nepooblaščeno prenašanje podatkov.
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Varnost orodij: Zahtevajte izrecno soglasje uporabnika pred uporabo katerega koli orodja. Poskrbite, da uporabniki razumejo funkcionalnost vsakega orodja in uveljavite robustne varnostne meje.
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Nadzor dovoljenj za orodja: Konfigurirajte, katera orodja lahko model uporablja med sejo, da zagotovite dostop le do izrecno odobrenih orodij.
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Avtentikacija: Zahtevajte ustrezno avtentikacijo pred odobritvijo dostopa do orodij, virov ali občutljivih operacij z uporabo API ključev, OAuth žetonov ali drugih varnih metod avtentikacije.
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Validacija parametrov: Uveljavite validacijo za vse pozive orodij, da preprečite, da bi neveljavni ali zlonamerni vnosi dosegli implementacije orodij.
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Omejevanje hitrosti: Uvedite omejevanje hitrosti, da preprečite zlorabe in zagotovite pravično uporabo strežniških virov.
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Pogajanje o zmogljivostih: Med vzpostavitvijo povezave izmenjajte informacije o podprtih funkcijah, različicah protokola, razpoložljivih orodjih in virih.
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Oblikovanje orodij: Ustvarite osredotočena orodja, ki dobro opravljajo eno nalogo, namesto monolitnih orodij, ki obravnavajo več skrbi.
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Obravnava napak: Uvedite standardizirana sporočila o napakah in kode za pomoč pri diagnosticiranju težav, elegantno obravnavo neuspehov in zagotavljanje uporabnih povratnih informacij.
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Beleženje: Konfigurirajte strukturirane dnevnike za revizijo, odpravljanje napak in spremljanje interakcij protokola.
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Sledenje napredku: Za dolgotrajne operacije poročajte o posodobitvah napredka, da omogočite odzivne uporabniške vmesnike.
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Preklic zahtev: Omogočite strankam preklic zahtev, ki niso več potrebne ali trajajo predolgo.
Za najnovejše informacije o najboljših praksah MCP glejte:
Vsako MCP orodje naj ima jasno, osredotočeno nalogo. Namesto ustvarjanja monolitnih orodij, ki poskušajo obravnavati več skrbi, razvijte specializirana orodja, ki odlično opravljajo specifične naloge.
// A focused tool that does one thing well
public class WeatherForecastTool : ITool
{
private readonly IWeatherService _weatherService;
public WeatherForecastTool(IWeatherService weatherService)
{
_weatherService = weatherService;
}
public string Name => "weatherForecast";
public string Description => "Gets weather forecast for a specific location";
public ToolDefinition GetDefinition()
{
return new ToolDefinition
{
Name = Name,
Description = Description,
Parameters = new Dictionary<string, ParameterDefinition>
{
["location"] = new ParameterDefinition
{
Type = ParameterType.String,
Description = "City or location name"
},
["days"] = new ParameterDefinition
{
Type = ParameterType.Integer,
Description = "Number of forecast days",
Default = 3
}
},
Required = new[] { "location" }
};
}
public async Task<ToolResponse> ExecuteAsync(IDictionary<string, object> parameters)
{
var location = parameters["location"].ToString();
var days = parameters.ContainsKey("days")
? Convert.ToInt32(parameters["days"])
: 3;
var forecast = await _weatherService.GetForecastAsync(location, days);
return new ToolResponse
{
Content = new List<ContentItem>
{
new TextContent(JsonSerializer.Serialize(forecast))
}
};
}
}Uvedite robustno obravnavo napak z informativnimi sporočili o napakah in ustreznimi mehanizmi za obnovitev.
# Python example with comprehensive error handling
class DataQueryTool:
def get_name(self):
return "dataQuery"
def get_description(self):
return "Queries data from specified database tables"
async def execute(self, parameters):
try:
# Parameter validation
if "query" not in parameters:
raise ToolParameterError("Missing required parameter: query")
query = parameters["query"]
# Security validation
if self._contains_unsafe_sql(query):
raise ToolSecurityError("Query contains potentially unsafe SQL")
try:
# Database operation with timeout
async with timeout(10): # 10 second timeout
result = await self._database.execute_query(query)
return ToolResponse(
content=[TextContent(json.dumps(result))]
)
except asyncio.TimeoutError:
raise ToolExecutionError("Database query timed out after 10 seconds")
except DatabaseConnectionError as e:
# Connection errors might be transient
self._log_error("Database connection error", e)
raise ToolExecutionError(f"Database connection error: {str(e)}")
except DatabaseQueryError as e:
# Query errors are likely client errors
self._log_error("Database query error", e)
raise ToolExecutionError(f"Invalid query: {str(e)}")
except ToolError:
# Let tool-specific errors pass through
raise
except Exception as e:
# Catch-all for unexpected errors
self._log_error("Unexpected error in DataQueryTool", e)
raise ToolExecutionError(f"An unexpected error occurred: {str(e)}")
def _contains_unsafe_sql(self, query):
# Implementation of SQL injection detection
pass
def _log_error(self, message, error):
# Implementation of error logging
passVedno temeljito validirajte parametre, da preprečite neveljavne ali zlonamerne vnose.
// JavaScript/TypeScript example with detailed parameter validation
class FileOperationTool {
getName() {
return "fileOperation";
}
getDescription() {
return "Performs file operations like read, write, and delete";
}
getDefinition() {
return {
name: this.getName(),
description: this.getDescription(),
parameters: {
operation: {
type: "string",
description: "Operation to perform",
enum: ["read", "write", "delete"]
},
path: {
type: "string",
description: "File path (must be within allowed directories)"
},
content: {
type: "string",
description: "Content to write (only for write operation)",
optional: true
}
},
required: ["operation", "path"]
};
}
async execute(parameters) {
// 1. Validate parameter presence
if (!parameters.operation) {
throw new ToolError("Missing required parameter: operation");
}
if (!parameters.path) {
throw new ToolError("Missing required parameter: path");
}
// 2. Validate parameter types
if (typeof parameters.operation !== "string") {
throw new ToolError("Parameter 'operation' must be a string");
}
if (typeof parameters.path !== "string") {
throw new ToolError("Parameter 'path' must be a string");
}
// 3. Validate parameter values
const validOperations = ["read", "write", "delete"];
if (!validOperations.includes(parameters.operation)) {
throw new ToolError(`Invalid operation. Must be one of: ${validOperations.join(", ")}`);
}
// 4. Validate content presence for write operation
if (parameters.operation === "write" && !parameters.content) {
throw new ToolError("Content parameter is required for write operation");
}
// 5. Path safety validation
if (!this.isPathWithinAllowedDirectories(parameters.path)) {
throw new ToolError("Access denied: path is outside of allowed directories");
}
// Implementation based on validated parameters
// ...
}
isPathWithinAllowedDirectories(path) {
// Implementation of path safety check
// ...
}
}// Java example with authentication and authorization
public class SecureDataAccessTool implements Tool {
private final AuthenticationService authService;
private final AuthorizationService authzService;
private final DataService dataService;
// Dependency injection
public SecureDataAccessTool(
AuthenticationService authService,
AuthorizationService authzService,
DataService dataService) {
this.authService = authService;
this.authzService = authzService;
this.dataService = dataService;
}
@Override
public String getName() {
return "secureDataAccess";
}
@Override
public ToolResponse execute(ToolRequest request) {
// 1. Extract authentication context
String authToken = request.getContext().getAuthToken();
// 2. Authenticate user
UserIdentity user;
try {
user = authService.validateToken(authToken);
} catch (AuthenticationException e) {
return ToolResponse.error("Authentication failed: " + e.getMessage());
}
// 3. Check authorization for the specific operation
String dataId = request.getParameters().get("dataId").getAsString();
String operation = request.getParameters().get("operation").getAsString();
boolean isAuthorized = authzService.isAuthorized(user, "data:" + dataId, operation);
if (!isAuthorized) {
return ToolResponse.error("Access denied: Insufficient permissions for this operation");
}
// 4. Proceed with authorized operation
try {
switch (operation) {
case "read":
Object data = dataService.getData(dataId, user.getId());
return ToolResponse.success(data);
case "update":
JsonNode newData = request.getParameters().get("newData");
dataService.updateData(dataId, newData, user.getId());
return ToolResponse.success("Data updated successfully");
default:
return ToolResponse.error("Unsupported operation: " + operation);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
return ToolResponse.error("Operation failed: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}// C# rate limiting implementation
public class RateLimitingMiddleware
{
private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
private readonly IMemoryCache _cache;
private readonly ILogger<RateLimitingMiddleware> _logger;
// Configuration options
private readonly int _maxRequestsPerMinute;
public RateLimitingMiddleware(
RequestDelegate next,
IMemoryCache cache,
ILogger<RateLimitingMiddleware> logger,
IConfiguration config)
{
_next = next;
_cache = cache;
_logger = logger;
_maxRequestsPerMinute = config.GetValue<int>("RateLimit:MaxRequestsPerMinute", 60);
}
public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context)
{
// 1. Get client identifier (API key or user ID)
string clientId = GetClientIdentifier(context);
// 2. Get rate limiting key for this minute
string cacheKey = $"rate_limit:{clientId}:{DateTime.UtcNow:yyyyMMddHHmm}";
// 3. Check current request count
if (!_cache.TryGetValue(cacheKey, out int requestCount))
{
requestCount = 0;
}
// 4. Enforce rate limit
if (requestCount >= _maxRequestsPerMinute)
{
_logger.LogWarning("Rate limit exceeded for client {ClientId}", clientId);
context.Response.StatusCode = StatusCodes.Status429TooManyRequests;
context.Response.Headers.Add("Retry-After", "60");
await context.Response.WriteAsJsonAsync(new
{
error = "Rate limit exceeded",
message = "Too many requests. Please try again later.",
retryAfterSeconds = 60
});
return;
}
// 5. Increment request count
_cache.Set(cacheKey, requestCount + 1, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(2));
// 6. Add rate limit headers
context.Response.Headers.Add("X-RateLimit-Limit", _maxRequestsPerMinute.ToString());
context.Response.Headers.Add("X-RateLimit-Remaining", (_maxRequestsPerMinute - requestCount - 1).ToString());
// 7. Continue with the request
await _next(context);
}
private string GetClientIdentifier(HttpContext context)
{
// Implementation to extract API key or user ID
// ...
}
}Vedno testirajte svoja orodja ločeno, z uporabo simuliranih zunanjih odvisnosti:
// TypeScript example of a tool unit test
describe('WeatherForecastTool', () => {
let tool: WeatherForecastTool;
let mockWeatherService: jest.Mocked<IWeatherService>;
beforeEach(() => {
// Create a mock weather service
mockWeatherService = {
getForecasts: jest.fn()
} as any;
// Create the tool with the mock dependency
tool = new WeatherForecastTool(mockWeatherService);
});
it('should return weather forecast for a location', async () => {
// Arrange
const mockForecast = {
location: 'Seattle',
forecasts: [
{ date: '2025-07-16', temperature: 72, conditions: 'Sunny' },
{ date: '2025-07-17', temperature: 68, conditions: 'Partly Cloudy' },
{ date: '2025-07-18', temperature: 65, conditions: 'Rain' }
]
};
mockWeatherService.getForecasts.mockResolvedValue(mockForecast);
// Act
const response = await tool.execute({
location: 'Seattle',
days: 3
});
// Assert
expect(mockWeatherService.getForecasts).toHaveBeenCalledWith('Seattle', 3);
expect(response.content[0].text).toContain('Seattle');
expect(response.content[0].text).toContain('Sunny');
});
it('should handle errors from the weather service', async () => {
// Arrange
mockWeatherService.getForecasts.mockRejectedValue(new Error('Service unavailable'));
// Act & Assert
await expect(tool.execute({
location: 'Seattle',
days: 3
})).rejects.toThrow('Weather service error: Service unavailable');
});
});Testirajte celoten tok od zahtev stranke do odgovorov strežnika:
# Python integration test example
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_mcp_server_integration():
# Start a test server
server = McpServer()
server.register_tool(WeatherForecastTool(MockWeatherService()))
await server.start(port=5000)
try:
# Create a client
client = McpClient("http://localhost:5000")
# Test tool discovery
tools = await client.discover_tools()
assert "weatherForecast" in [t.name for t in tools]
# Test tool execution
response = await client.execute_tool("weatherForecast", {
"location": "Seattle",
"days": 3
})
# Verify response
assert response.status_code == 200
assert "Seattle" in response.content[0].text
assert len(json.loads(response.content[0].text)["forecasts"]) == 3
finally:
# Clean up
await server.stop()Uvedite ustrezno predpomnjenje za zmanjšanje zakasnitve in porabe virov:
// C# example with caching
public class CachedWeatherTool : ITool
{
private readonly IWeatherService _weatherService;
private readonly IDistributedCache _cache;
private readonly ILogger<CachedWeatherTool> _logger;
public CachedWeatherTool(
IWeatherService weatherService,
IDistributedCache cache,
ILogger<CachedWeatherTool> logger)
{
_weatherService = weatherService;
_cache = cache;
_logger = logger;
}
public string Name => "weatherForecast";
public async Task<ToolResponse> ExecuteAsync(IDictionary<string, object> parameters)
{
var location = parameters["location"].ToString();
var days = Convert.ToInt32(parameters.GetValueOrDefault("days", 3));
// Create cache key
string cacheKey = $"weather:{location}:{days}";
// Try to get from cache
string cachedForecast = await _cache.GetStringAsync(cacheKey);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(cachedForecast))
{
_logger.LogInformation("Cache hit for weather forecast: {Location}", location);
return new ToolResponse
{
Content = new List<ContentItem>
{
new TextContent(cachedForecast)
}
};
}
// Cache miss - get from service
_logger.LogInformation("Cache miss for weather forecast: {Location}", location);
var forecast = await _weatherService.GetForecastAsync(location, days);
string forecastJson = JsonSerializer.Serialize(forecast);
// Store in cache (weather forecasts valid for 1 hour)
await _cache.SetStringAsync(
cacheKey,
forecastJson,
new DistributedCacheEntryOptions
{
AbsoluteExpirationRelativeToNow = TimeSpan.FromHours(1)
});
return new ToolResponse
{
Content = new List<ContentItem>
{
new TextContent(forecastJson)
}
};
}
}Oblikujte orodja tako, da prejmejo svoje odvisnosti prek konstruktorja, kar omogoča testiranje in konfiguracijo:
// Java example with dependency injection
public class CurrencyConversionTool implements Tool {
private final ExchangeRateService exchangeService;
private final CacheService cacheService;
private final Logger logger;
// Dependencies injected through constructor
public CurrencyConversionTool(
ExchangeRateService exchangeService,
CacheService cacheService,
Logger logger) {
this.exchangeService = exchangeService;
this.cacheService = cacheService;
this.logger = logger;
}
// Tool implementation
// ...
}Oblikujte orodja, ki jih je mogoče sestaviti skupaj za ustvarjanje bolj kompleksnih delovnih tokov:
# Python example showing composable tools
class DataFetchTool(Tool):
def get_name(self):
return "dataFetch"
# Implementation...
class DataAnalysisTool(Tool):
def get_name(self):
return "dataAnalysis"
# This tool can use results from the dataFetch tool
async def execute_async(self, request):
# Implementation...
pass
class DataVisualizationTool(Tool):
def get_name(self):
return "dataVisualize"
# This tool can use results from the dataAnalysis tool
async def execute_async(self, request):
# Implementation...
pass
# These tools can be used independently or as part of a workflowShema je pogodba med modelom in vašim orodjem. Dobro oblikovane sheme vodijo k boljši uporabnosti orodij.
Vedno vključite opisne informacije za vsak parameter:
public object GetSchema()
{
return new {
type = "object",
properties = new {
query = new {
type = "string",
description = "Search query text. Use precise keywords for better results."
},
filters = new {
type = "object",
description = "Optional filters to narrow down search results",
properties = new {
dateRange = new {
type = "string",
description = "Date range in format YYYY-MM-DD:YYYY-MM-DD"
},
category = new {
type = "string",
description = "Category name to filter by"
}
}
},
limit = new {
type = "integer",
description = "Maximum number of results to return (1-50)",
default = 10
}
},
required = new[] { "query" }
};
}Vključite omejitve validacije za preprečevanje neveljavnih vnosov:
Map<String, Object> getSchema() {
Map<String, Object> schema = new HashMap<>();
schema.put("type", "object");
Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<>();
// Email property with format validation
Map<String, Object> email = new HashMap<>();
email.put("type", "string");
email.put("format", "email");
email.put("description", "User email address");
// Age property with numeric constraints
Map<String, Object> age = new HashMap<>();
age.put("type", "integer");
age.put("minimum", 13);
age.put("maximum", 120);
age.put("description", "User age in years");
// Enumerated property
Map<String, Object> subscription = new HashMap<>();
subscription.put("type", "string");
subscription.put("enum", Arrays.asList("free", "basic", "premium"));
subscription.put("default", "free");
subscription.put("description", "Subscription tier");
properties.put("email", email);
properties.put("age", age);
properties.put("subscription", subscription);
schema.put("properties", properties);
schema.put("required", Arrays.asList("email"));
return schema;
}Ohranite doslednost v svojih strukturah odgovorov, da olajšate interpretacijo rezultatov modelom:
async def execute_async(self, request):
try:
# Process request
results = await self._search_database(request.parameters["query"])
# Always return a consistent structure
return ToolResponse(
result={
"matches": [self._format_item(item) for item in results],
"totalCount": len(results),
"queryTime": calculation_time_ms,
"status": "success"
}
)
except Exception as e:
return ToolResponse(
result={
"matches": [],
"totalCount": 0,
"queryTime": 0,
"status": "error",
"error": str(e)
}
)
def _format_item(self, item):
"""Ensures each item has a consistent structure"""
return {
"id": item.id,
"title": item.title,
"summary": item.summary[:100] + "..." if len(item.summary) > 100 else item.summary,
"url": item.url,
"relevance": item.score
}Robustna obravnava napak je ključna za zanesljivost MCP orodij.
Obravnavajte napake na ustreznih ravneh in zagotovite informativna sporočila:
public async Task<ToolResponse> ExecuteAsync(ToolRequest request)
{
try
{
string fileId = request.Parameters.GetProperty("fileId").GetString();
try
{
var fileData = await _fileService.GetFileAsync(fileId);
return new ToolResponse {
Result = JsonSerializer.SerializeToElement(fileData)
};
}
catch (FileNotFoundException)
{
throw new ToolExecutionException($"File not found: {fileId}");
}
catch (UnauthorizedAccessException)
{
throw new ToolExecutionException("You don't have permission to access this file");
}
catch (Exception ex) when (ex is IOException || ex is TimeoutException)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Error accessing file {FileId}", fileId);
throw new ToolExecutionException("Error accessing file: The service is temporarily unavailable");
}
}
catch (JsonException)
{
throw new ToolExecutionException("Invalid file ID format");
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "Unexpected error in FileAccessTool");
throw new ToolExecutionException("An unexpected error occurred");
}
}Kjer je mogoče, vrnite strukturirane informacije o napakah:
@Override
public ToolResponse execute(ToolRequest request) {
try {
// Implementation
} catch (Exception ex) {
Map<String, Object> errorResult = new HashMap<>();
errorResult.put("success", false);
if (ex instanceof ValidationException) {
ValidationException validationEx = (ValidationException) ex;
errorResult.put("errorType", "validation");
errorResult.put("errorMessage", validationEx.getMessage());
errorResult.put("validationErrors", validationEx.getErrors());
return new ToolResponse.Builder()
.setResult(errorResult)
.build();
}
// Re-throw other exceptions as ToolExecutionException
throw new ToolExecutionException("Tool execution failed: " + ex.getMessage(), ex);
}
}Uvedite ustrezno logiko ponovnih poskusov za prehodne napake:
async def execute_async(self, request):
max_retries = 3
retry_count = 0
base_delay = 1 # seconds
while retry_count < max_retries:
try:
# Call external API
return await self._call_api(request.parameters)
except TransientError as e:
retry_count += 1
if retry_count >= max_retries:
raise ToolExecutionException(f"Operation failed after {max_retries} attempts: {str(e)}")
# Exponential backoff
delay = base_delay * (2 ** (retry_count - 1))
logging.warning(f"Transient error, retrying in {delay}s: {str(e)}")
await asyncio.sleep(delay)
except Exception as e:
# Non-transient error, don't retry
raise ToolExecutionException(f"Operation failed: {str(e)}")Uvedite predpomnjenje za drage operacije:
public class CachedDataTool : IMcpTool
{
private readonly IDatabase _database;
private readonly IMemoryCache _cache;
public CachedDataTool(IDatabase database, IMemoryCache cache)
{
_database = database;
_cache = cache;
}
public async Task<ToolResponse> ExecuteAsync(ToolRequest request)
{
var query = request.Parameters.GetProperty("query").GetString();
// Create cache key based on parameters
var cacheKey = $"data_query_{ComputeHash(query)}";
// Try to get from cache first
if (_cache.TryGetValue(cacheKey, out var cachedResult))
{
return new ToolResponse { Result = cachedResult };
}
// Cache miss - perform actual query
var result = await _database.QueryAsync(query);
// Store in cache with expiration
var cacheOptions = new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
.SetAbsoluteExpiration(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15));
_cache.Set(cacheKey, JsonSerializer.SerializeToElement(result), cacheOptions);
return new ToolResponse { Result = JsonSerializer.SerializeToElement(result) };
}
private string ComputeHash(string input)
{
// Implementation to generate stable hash for cache key
}
}Uporabite asinhrone vzorce programiranja za operacije, ki temeljijo na vhodno-izhodnih procesih:
public class AsyncDocumentProcessingTool implements Tool {
private final DocumentService documentService;
private final ExecutorService executorService;
@Override
public ToolResponse execute(ToolRequest request) {
String documentId = request.getParameters().get("documentId").asText();
// For long-running operations, return a processing ID immediately
String processId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
// Start async processing
CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
try {
// Perform long-running operation
documentService.processDocument(documentId);
// Update status (would typically be stored in a database)
processStatusRepository.updateStatus(processId, "completed");
} catch (Exception ex) {
processStatusRepository.updateStatus(processId, "failed", ex.getMessage());
}
}, executorService);
// Return immediate response with process ID
Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<>();
result.put("processId", processId);
result.put("status", "processing");
result.put("estimatedCompletionTime", ZonedDateTime.now().plusMinutes(5));
return new ToolResponse.Builder().setResult(result).build();
}
// Companion status check tool
public class ProcessStatusTool implements Tool {
@Override
public ToolResponse execute(ToolRequest request) {
String processId = request.getParameters().get("processId").asText();
ProcessStatus status = processStatusRepository.getStatus(processId);
return new ToolResponse.Builder().setResult(status).build();
}
}
}Uvedite omejevanje virov, da preprečite preobremenitev:
class ThrottledApiTool(Tool):
def __init__(self):
self.rate_limiter = TokenBucketRateLimiter(
tokens_per_second=5, # Allow 5 requests per second
bucket_size=10 # Allow bursts up to 10 requests
)
async def execute_async(self, request):
# Check if we can proceed or need to wait
delay = self.rate_limiter.get_delay_time()
if delay > 0:
if delay > 2.0: # If wait is too long
raise ToolExecutionException(
f"Rate limit exceeded. Please try again in {delay:.1f} seconds."
)
else:
# Wait for the appropriate delay time
await asyncio.sleep(delay)
# Consume a token and proceed with the request
self.rate_limiter.consume()
# Call API
result = await self._call_api(request.parameters)
return ToolResponse(result=result)
class TokenBucketRateLimiter:
def __init__(self, tokens_per_second, bucket_size):
self.tokens_per_second = tokens_per_second
self.bucket_size = bucket_size
self.tokens = bucket_size
self.last_refill = time.time()
self.lock = asyncio.Lock()
async def get_delay_time(self):
async with self.lock:
self._refill()
if self.tokens >= 1:
return 0
# Calculate time until next token available
return (1 - self.tokens) / self.tokens_per_second
async def consume(self):
async with self.lock:
self._refill()
self.tokens -= 1
def _refill(self):
now = time.time()
elapsed = now - self.last_refill
# Add new tokens based on elapsed time
new_tokens = elapsed * self.tokens_per_second
self.tokens = min(self.bucket_size, self.tokens + new_tokens)
self.last_refill = nowVedno temeljito validirajte vhodne parametre:
public async Task<ToolResponse> ExecuteAsync(ToolRequest request)
{
// Validate parameters exist
if (!request.Parameters.TryGetProperty("query", out var queryProp))
{
throw new ToolExecutionException("Missing required parameter: query");
}
// Validate correct type
if (queryProp.ValueKind != JsonValueKind.String)
{
throw new ToolExecutionException("Query parameter must be a string");
}
var query = queryProp.GetString();
// Validate string content
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(query))
{
throw new ToolExecutionException("Query parameter cannot be empty");
}
if (query.Length > 500)
{
throw new ToolExecutionException("Query parameter exceeds maximum length of 500 characters");
}
// Check for SQL injection attacks if applicable
if (ContainsSqlInjection(query))
{
throw new ToolExecutionException("Invalid query: contains potentially unsafe SQL");
}
// Proceed with execution
// ...
}Uvedite ustrezne preveritve avtorizacije:
@Override
public ToolResponse execute(ToolRequest request) {
// Get user context from request
UserContext user = request.getContext().getUserContext();
// Check if user has required permissions
if (!authorizationService.hasPermission(user, "documents:read")) {
throw new ToolExecutionException("User does not have permission to access documents");
}
// For specific resources, check access to that resource
String documentId = request.getParameters().get("documentId").asText();
if (!documentService.canUserAccess(user.getId(), documentId)) {
throw new ToolExecutionException("Access denied to the requested document");
}
// Proceed with tool execution
// ...
}Ravnajte previdno z občutljivimi podatki:
class SecureDataTool(Tool):
def get_schema(self):
return {
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"userId": {"type": "string"},
"includeSensitiveData": {"type": "boolean", "default": False}
},
"required": ["userId"]
}
async def execute_async(self, request):
user_id = request.parameters["userId"]
include_sensitive = request.parameters.get("includeSensitiveData", False)
# Get user data
user_data = await self.user_service.get_user_data(user_id)
# Filter sensitive fields unless explicitly requested AND authorized
if not include_sensitive or not self._is_authorized_for_sensitive_data(request):
user_data = self._redact_sensitive_fields(user_data)
return ToolResponse(result=user_data)
def _is_authorized_for_sensitive_data(self, request):
# Check authorization level in request context
auth_level = request.context.get("authorizationLevel")
return auth_level == "admin"
def _redact_sensitive_fields(self, user_data):
# Create a copy to avoid modifying the original
redacted = user_data.copy()
# Redact specific sensitive fields
sensitive_fields = ["ssn", "creditCardNumber", "password"]
for field in sensitive_fields:
if field in redacted:
redacted[field] = "REDACTED"
# Redact nested sensitive data
if "financialInfo" in redacted:
redacted["financialInfo"] = {"available": True, "accessRestricted": True}
return redactedCelovito testiranje zagotavlja, da MCP orodja pravilno delujejo, obravnavajo robne primere in se pravilno integrirajo s preostalim sistemom.
Ustvarite osredotočene teste za funkcionalnost vsakega orodja:
[Fact]
public async Task WeatherTool_ValidLocation_ReturnsCorrectForecast()
{
// Arrange
var mockWeatherService = new Mock<IWeatherService>();
mockWeatherService
.Setup(s => s.GetForecastAsync("Seattle", 3))
.ReturnsAsync(new WeatherForecast(/* test data */));
var tool = new WeatherForecastTool(mockWeatherService.Object);
var request = new ToolRequest(
toolName: "weatherForecast",
parameters: JsonSerializer.SerializeToElement(new {
location = "Seattle",
days = 3
})
);
// Act
var response = await tool.ExecuteAsync(request);
// Assert
Assert.NotNull(response);
var result = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<WeatherForecast>(response.Result);
Assert.Equal("Seattle", result.Location);
Assert.Equal(3, result.DailyForecasts.Count);
}
[Fact]
public async Task WeatherTool_InvalidLocation_ThrowsToolExecutionException()
{
// Arrange
var mockWeatherService = new Mock<IWeatherService>();
mockWeatherService
.Setup(s => s.GetForecastAsync("InvalidLocation", It.IsAny<int>()))
.ThrowsAsync(new LocationNotFoundException("Location not found"));
var tool = new WeatherForecastTool(mockWeatherService.Object);
var request = new ToolRequest(
toolName: "weatherForecast",
parameters: JsonSerializer.SerializeToElement(new {
location = "InvalidLocation",
days = 3
})
);
// Act & Assert
var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ToolExecutionException>(
() => tool.ExecuteAsync(request)
);
Assert.Contains("Location not found", exception.Message);
}Preverite, ali so sheme veljavne in pravilno uveljavljajo omejitve:
@Test
public void testSchemaValidation() {
// Create tool instance
SearchTool searchTool = new SearchTool();
// Get schema
Object schema = searchTool.getSchema();
// Convert schema to JSON for validation
String schemaJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(schema);
// Validate schema is valid JSONSchema
JsonSchemaFactory factory = JsonSchemaFactory.byDefault();
JsonSchema jsonSchema = factory.getJsonSchema(schemaJson);
// Test valid parameters
JsonNode validParams = objectMapper.createObjectNode()
.put("query", "test query")
.put("limit", 5);
ProcessingReport validReport = jsonSchema.validate(validParams);
assertTrue(validReport.isSuccess());
// Test missing required parameter
JsonNode missingRequired = objectMapper.createObjectNode()
.put("limit", 5);
ProcessingReport missingReport = jsonSchema.validate(missingRequired);
assertFalse(missingReport.isSuccess());
// Test invalid parameter type
JsonNode invalidType = objectMapper.createObjectNode()
.put("query", "test")
.put("limit", "not-a-number");
ProcessingReport invalidReport = jsonSchema.validate(invalidType);
assertFalse(invalidReport.isSuccess());
}Ustvarite specifične teste za pogoje napak:
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_api_tool_handles_timeout():
# Arrange
tool = ApiTool(timeout=0.1) # Very short timeout
# Mock a request that will time out
with aioresponses() as mocked:
mocked.get(
"https://api.example.com/data",
callback=lambda *args, **kwargs: asyncio.sleep(0.5) # Longer than timeout
)
request = ToolRequest(
tool_name="apiTool",
parameters={"url": "https://api.example.com/data"}
)
# Act & Assert
with pytest.raises(ToolExecutionException) as exc_info:
await tool.execute_async(request)
# Verify exception message
assert "timed out" in str(exc_info.value).lower()
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_api_tool_handles_rate_limiting():
# Arrange
tool = ApiTool()
# Mock a rate-limited response
with aioresponses() as mocked:
mocked.get(
"https://api.example.com/data",
status=429,
headers={"Retry-After": "2"},
body=json.dumps({"error": "Rate limit exceeded"})
)
request = ToolRequest(
tool_name="apiTool",
parameters={"url": "https://api.example.com/data"}
)
# Act & Assert
with pytest.raises(ToolExecutionException) as exc_info:
await tool.execute_async(request)
# Verify exception contains rate limit information
error_msg = str(exc_info.value).lower()
assert "rate limit" in error_msg
assert "try again" in error_msgTestirajte orodja, ki delujejo skupaj v pričakovanih kombinacijah:
[Fact]
public async Task DataProcessingWorkflow_CompletesSuccessfully()
{
// Arrange
var dataFetchTool = new DataFetchTool(mockDataService.Object);
var analysisTools = new DataAnalysisTool(mockAnalysisService.Object);
var visualizationTool = new DataVisualizationTool(mockVisualizationService.Object);
var toolRegistry = new ToolRegistry();
toolRegistry.RegisterTool(dataFetchTool);
toolRegistry.RegisterTool(analysisTools);
toolRegistry.RegisterTool(visualizationTool);
var workflowExecutor = new WorkflowExecutor(toolRegistry);
// Act
var result = await workflowExecutor.ExecuteWorkflowAsync(new[] {
new ToolCall("dataFetch", new { source = "sales2023" }),
new ToolCall("dataAnalysis", ctx => new {
data = ctx.GetResult("dataFetch"),
analysis = "trend"
}),
new ToolCall("dataVisualize", ctx => new {
analysisResult = ctx.GetResult("dataAnalysis"),
type = "line-chart"
})
});
// Assert
Assert.NotNull(result);
Assert.True(result.Success);
Assert.NotNull(result.GetResult("dataVisualize"));
Assert.Contains("chartUrl", result.GetResult("dataVisualize").ToString());
}Testirajte MCP strežnik s popolno registracijo orodij in izvedbo:
@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class McpServerIntegrationTest {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
@Test
public void testToolDiscovery() throws Exception {
// Test the discovery endpoint
mockMvc.perform(get("/mcp/tools"))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.tools").isArray())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.tools[*].name").value(hasItems(
"weatherForecast", "calculator", "documentSearch"
)));
}
@Test
public void testToolExecution() throws Exception {
// Create tool request
Map<String, Object> request = new HashMap<>();
request.put("toolName", "calculator");
Map<String, Object> parameters = new HashMap<>();
parameters.put("operation", "add");
parameters.put("a", 5);
parameters.put("b", 7);
request.put("parameters", parameters);
// Send request and verify response
mockMvc.perform(post("/mcp/execute")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(request)))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.result.value").value(12));
}
@Test
public void testToolValidation() throws Exception {
// Create invalid tool request
Map<String, Object> request = new HashMap<>();
request.put("toolName", "calculator");
Map<String, Object> parameters = new HashMap<>();
parameters.put("operation", "divide");
parameters.put("a", 10);
// Missing parameter "b"
request.put("parameters", parameters);
// Send request and verify error response
mockMvc.perform(post("/mcp/execute")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.content(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(request)))
.andExpect(status().isBadRequest())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.error").exists());
}
}Testirajte celotne delovne tokove od poziva modela do izvedbe orodja:
@pytest.mark.asyncio
async def test_model_interaction_with_tool():
# Arrange - Set up MCP client and mock model
mcp_client = McpClient(server_url="http://localhost:5000")
# Mock model responses
mock_model = MockLanguageModel([
MockResponse(
"What's the weather in Seattle?",
tool_calls=[{
"tool_name": "weatherForecast",
"parameters": {"location": "Seattle", "days": 3}
}]
),
MockResponse(
"Here's the weather forecast for Seattle:\n- Today: 65°F, Partly Cloudy\n- Tomorrow: 68°F, Sunny\n- Day after: 62°F, Rain",
tool_calls=[]
)
])
# Mock weather tool response
with aioresponses() as mocked:
mocked.post(
"http://localhost:5000/mcp/execute",
payload={
"result": {
"location": "Seattle",
"forecast": [
{"date": "2023-06-01", "temperature": 65, "conditions": "Partly Cloudy"},
{"date": "2023-06-02", "temperature": 68, "conditions": "Sunny"},
{"date": "2023-06-03", "temperature": 62, "conditions": "Rain"}
]
}
}
)
# Act
response = await mcp_client.send_prompt(
"What's the weather in Seattle?",
model=mock_model,
allowed_tools=["weatherForecast"]
)
# Assert
assert "Seattle" in response.generated_text
assert "65" in response.generated_text
assert "Sunny" in response.generated_text
assert "Rain" in response.generated_text
assert len(response.tool_calls) == 1
assert response.tool_calls[0].tool_name == "weatherForecast"Preverite, koliko sočasnih zahtev lahko obravnava vaš MCP strežnik:
[Fact]
public async Task McpServer_HandlesHighConcurrency()
{
// Arrange
var server = new McpServer(
name: "TestServer",
version: "1.0",
maxConcurrentRequests: 100
);
server.RegisterTool(new FastExecutingTool());
await server.StartAsync();
var client = new McpClient("http://localhost:5000");
// Act
var tasks = new List<Task<McpResponse>>();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
{
tasks.Add(client.ExecuteToolAsync("fastTool", new { iteration = i }));
}
var results = await Task.WhenAll(tasks);
// Assert
Assert.Equal(1000, results.Length);
Assert.All(results, r => Assert.NotNull(r));
}Preverite delovanje sistema pod ekstremno obremenitvijo:
@Test
public void testServerUnderStress() {
int maxUsers = 1000;
int rampUpTimeSeconds = 60;
int testDurationSeconds = 300;
// Set up JMeter for stress testing
StandardJMeterEngine jmeter = new StandardJMeterEngine();
// Configure JMeter test plan
HashTree testPlanTree = new HashTree();
// Create test plan, thread group, samplers, etc.
TestPlan testPlan = new TestPlan("MCP Server Stress Test");
testPlanTree.add(testPlan);
ThreadGroup threadGroup = new ThreadGroup();
threadGroup.setNumThreads(maxUsers);
threadGroup.setRampUp(rampUpTimeSeconds);
threadGroup.setScheduler(true);
threadGroup.setDuration(testDurationSeconds);
testPlanTree.add(threadGroup);
// Add HTTP sampler for tool execution
HTTPSampler toolExecutionSampler = new HTTPSampler();
toolExecutionSampler.setDomain("localhost");
toolExecutionSampler.setPort(5000);
toolExecutionSampler.setPath("/mcp/execute");
toolExecutionSampler.setMethod("POST");
toolExecutionSampler.addArgument("toolName", "calculator");
toolExecutionSampler.addArgument("parameters", "{\"operation\":\"add\",\"a\":5,\"b\":7}");
threadGroup.add(toolExecutionSampler);
// Add listeners
SummaryReport summaryReport = new SummaryReport();
threadGroup.add(summaryReport);
// Run test
jmeter.configure(testPlanTree);
jmeter.run();
// Validate results
assertEquals(0, summaryReport.getErrorCount());
assertTrue(summaryReport.getAverage() < 200); // Average response time < 200ms
assertTrue(summaryReport.getPercentile(90.0) < 500); // 90th percentile < 500ms
}Vzpostavite spremljanje za dolgoročno analizo zmogljivosti:
# Configure monitoring for an MCP server
def configure_monitoring(server):
# Set up Prometheus metrics
prometheus_metrics = {
"request_count": Counter("mcp_requests_total", "Total MCP requests"),
"request_latency": Histogram(
"mcp_request_duration_seconds",
"Request duration in seconds",
buckets=[0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0]
),
"tool_execution_count": Counter(
"mcp_tool_executions_total",
"Tool execution count",
labelnames=["tool_name"]
),
"tool_execution_latency": Histogram(
"mcp_tool_duration_seconds",
"Tool execution duration in seconds",
labelnames=["tool_name"],
buckets=[0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0]
),
"tool_errors": Counter(
"mcp_tool_errors_total",
"Tool execution errors",
labelnames=["tool_name", "error_type"]
)
}
# Add middleware for timing and recording metrics
server.add_middleware(PrometheusMiddleware(prometheus_metrics))
# Expose metrics endpoint
@server.router.get("/metrics")
async def metrics():
return generate_latest()
return serverDobro oblikovani delovni tokovi MCP izboljšajo učinkovitost, zanesljivost in vzdržljivost. Tukaj so ključni vzorci, ki jih je treba upoštevati:
Povežite več orodij v zaporedje, kjer izhod vsakega orodja postane vhod za naslednje:
# Python Chain of Tools implementation
class ChainWorkflow:
def __init__(self, tools_chain):
self.tools_chain = tools_chain # List of tool names to execute in sequence
async def execute(self, mcp_client, initial_input):
current_result = initial_input
all_results = {"input": initial_input}
for tool_name in self.tools_chain:
# Execute each tool in the chain, passing previous result
response = await mcp_client.execute_tool(tool_name, current_result)
# Store result and use as input for next tool
all_results[tool_name] = response.result
current_result = response.result
return {
"final_result": current_result,
"all_results": all_results
}
# Example usage
data_processing_chain = ChainWorkflow([
"dataFetch",
"dataCleaner",
"dataAnalyzer",
"dataVisualizer"
])
result = await data_processing_chain.execute(
mcp_client,
{"source": "sales_database", "table": "transactions"}
)Uporabite osrednje orodje, ki usmerja na specializirana orodja glede na vhod:
public class ContentDispatcherTool : IMcpTool
{
private readonly IMcpClient _mcpClient;
public ContentDispatcherTool(IMcpClient mcpClient)
{
_mcpClient = mcpClient;
}
public string Name => "contentProcessor";
public string Description => "Processes content of various types";
public object GetSchema()
{
return new {
type = "object",
properties = new {
content = new { type = "string" },
contentType = new {
type = "string",
enum = new[] { "text", "html", "markdown", "csv", "code" }
},
operation = new {
type = "string",
enum = new[] { "summarize", "analyze", "extract", "convert" }
}
},
required = new[] { "content", "contentType", "operation" }
};
}
public async Task<ToolResponse> ExecuteAsync(ToolRequest request)
{
var content = request.Parameters.GetProperty("content").GetString();
var contentType = request.Parameters.GetProperty("contentType").GetString();
var operation = request.Parameters.GetProperty("operation").GetString();
// Determine which specialized tool to use
string targetTool = DetermineTargetTool(contentType, operation);
// Forward to the specialized tool
var specializedResponse = await _mcpClient.ExecuteToolAsync(
targetTool,
new { content, options = GetOptionsForTool(targetTool, operation) }
);
return new ToolResponse { Result = specializedResponse.Result };
}
private string DetermineTargetTool(string contentType, string operation)
{
return (contentType, operation) switch
{
("text", "summarize") => "textSummarizer",
("text", "analyze") => "textAnalyzer",
("html", _) => "htmlProcessor",
("markdown", _) => "markdownProcessor",
("csv", _) => "csvProcessor",
("code", _) => "codeAnalyzer",
_ => throw new ToolExecutionException($"No tool available for {contentType}/{operation}")
};
}
private object GetOptionsForTool(string toolName, string operation)
{
// Return appropriate options for each specialized tool
return toolName switch
{
"textSummarizer" => new { length = "medium" },
"htmlProcessor" => new { cleanUp = true, operation },
// Options for other tools...
_ => new { }
};
}
}Izvedite več orodij hkrati za večjo učinkovitost:
public class ParallelDataProcessingWorkflow {
private final McpClient mcpClient;
public ParallelDataProcessingWorkflow(McpClient mcpClient) {
this.mcpClient = mcpClient;
}
public WorkflowResult execute(String datasetId) {
// Step 1: Fetch dataset metadata (synchronous)
ToolResponse metadataResponse = mcpClient.executeTool("datasetMetadata",
Map.of("datasetId", datasetId));
// Step 2: Launch multiple analyses in parallel
CompletableFuture<ToolResponse> statisticalAnalysis = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() ->
mcpClient.executeTool("statisticalAnalysis", Map.of(
"datasetId", datasetId,
"type", "comprehensive"
))
);
CompletableFuture<ToolResponse> correlationAnalysis = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() ->
mcpClient.executeTool("correlationAnalysis", Map.of(
"datasetId", datasetId,
"method", "pearson"
))
);
CompletableFuture<ToolResponse> outlierDetection = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() ->
mcpClient.executeTool("outlierDetection", Map.of(
"datasetId", datasetId,
"sensitivity", "medium"
))
);
// Wait for all parallel tasks to complete
CompletableFuture<Void> allAnalyses = CompletableFuture.allOf(
statisticalAnalysis, correlationAnalysis, outlierDetection
);
allAnalyses.join(); // Wait for completion
// Step 3: Combine results
Map<String, Object> combinedResults = new HashMap<>();
combinedResults.put("metadata", metadataResponse.getResult());
combinedResults.put("statistics", statisticalAnalysis.join().getResult());
combinedResults.put("correlations", correlationAnalysis.join().getResult());
combinedResults.put("outliers", outlierDetection.join().getResult());
// Step 4: Generate summary report
ToolResponse summaryResponse = mcpClient.executeTool("reportGenerator",
Map.of("analysisResults", combinedResults));
// Return complete workflow result
WorkflowResult result = new WorkflowResult();
result.setDatasetId(datasetId);
result.setAnalysisResults(combinedResults);
result.setSummaryReport(summaryResponse.getResult());
return result;
}
}Uvedite elegantne rešitve za neuspehe orodij:
class ResilientWorkflow:
def __init__(self, mcp_client):
self.client = mcp_client
async def execute_with_fallback(self, primary_tool, fallback_tool, parameters):
try:
# Try primary tool first
response = await self.client.execute_tool(primary_tool, parameters)
return {
"result": response.result,
"source": "primary",
"tool": primary_tool
}
except ToolExecutionException as e:
# Log the failure
logging.warning(f"Primary tool '{primary_tool}' failed: {str(e)}")
# Fall back to secondary tool
try:
# Might need to transform parameters for fallback tool
fallback_params = self._adapt_parameters(parameters, primary_tool, fallback_tool)
response = await self.client.execute_tool(fallback_tool, fallback_params)
return {
"result": response.result,
"source": "fallback",
"tool": fallback_tool,
"primaryError": str(e)
}
except ToolExecutionException as fallback_error:
# Both tools failed
logging.error(f"Both primary and fallback tools failed. Fallback error: {str(fallback_error)}")
raise WorkflowExecutionException(
f"Workflow failed: primary error: {str(e)}; fallback error: {str(fallback_error)}"
)
def _adapt_parameters(self, params, from_tool, to_tool):
"""Adapt parameters between different tools if needed"""
# This implementation would depend on the specific tools
# For this example, we'll just return the original parameters
return params
# Example usage
async def get_weather(workflow, location):
return await workflow.execute_with_fallback(
"premiumWeatherService", # Primary (paid) weather API
"basicWeatherService", # Fallback (free) weather API
{"location": location}
)Zgradite kompleksne delovne tokove z združevanjem enostavnejših:
public class CompositeWorkflow : IWorkflow
{
private readonly List<IWorkflow> _workflows;
public CompositeWorkflow(IEnumerable<IWorkflow> workflows)
{
_workflows = new List<IWorkflow>(workflows);
}
public async Task<WorkflowResult> ExecuteAsync(WorkflowContext context)
{
var results = new Dictionary<string, object>();
foreach (var workflow in _workflows)
{
var workflowResult = await workflow.ExecuteAsync(context);
// Store each workflow's result
results[workflow.Name] = workflowResult;
// Update context with the result for the next workflow
context = context.WithResult(workflow.Name, workflowResult);
}
return new WorkflowResult(results);
}
public string Name => "CompositeWorkflow";
public string Description => "Executes multiple workflows in sequence";
}
// Example usage
var documentWorkflow = new CompositeWorkflow(new IWorkflow[] {
new DocumentFetchWorkflow(),
new DocumentProcessingWorkflow(),
new InsightGenerationWorkflow(),
new ReportGenerationWorkflow()
});
var result = await documentWorkflow.ExecuteAsync(new WorkflowContext {
Parameters = new { documentId = "12345" }
});Testiranje je ključni vidik razvoja zanesljivih, visokokakovostnih MCP strežnikov. Ta vodnik ponuja celovite najboljše prakse in nasvete za testiranje vaših MCP strežnikov skozi celoten razvojni cikel, od enotestov do integracijskih testov in validacije od konca do konca.
MCP strežniki služijo kot ključni vmesnik med AI modeli in odjemalskimi aplikacijami. Temeljito testiranje zagotavlja:
- Zanesljivost v produkcijskih okoljih
- Natančno obravnavo zahtev in odgovorov
- Pravilno implementacijo specifikacij MCP
- Odpornost proti neuspehom in robnim primerom
- Dosledno zmogljivost pod različnimi obremenitvami
Enotesti preverjajo posamezne komponente vašega MCP strežnika ločeno.
- Upravljalniki virov: Testirajte logiko vsakega upravljalnika virov neodvisno
- Implementacije orodij: Preverite vedenje orodij z različnimi vnosi
- Predloge pozivov: Preverite, ali se predloge pozivov pravilno upodabljajo
- Validacija shem: Testirajte logiko validacije parametrov
- Obravnava napak: Preverite odgovore na napake za neveljavne vnose
// Example unit test for a calculator tool in C#
[Fact]
public async Task CalculatorTool_Add_ReturnsCorrectSum()
{
// Arrange
var calculator = new CalculatorTool();
var parameters = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
["operation"] = "add",
["a"] = 5,
["b"] = 7
};
// Act
var response = await calculator.ExecuteAsync(parameters);
var result = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<CalculationResult>(response.Content[0].ToString());
// Assert
Assert.Equal(12, result.Value);
}# Example unit test for a calculator tool in Python
def test_calculator_tool_add():
# Arrange
calculator = CalculatorTool()
parameters = {
"operation": "add",
"a": 5,
"b": 7
}
# Act
response = calculator.execute(parameters)
result = json.loads(response.content[0].text)
# Assert
assert result["value"] == 12Integracijski testi preverjajo interakcije med komponentami vašega MCP strežnika.
- Inicializacija strežnika: Testirajte zagon strežnika z različnimi konfiguracijami
- Registracija poti: Preverite, ali so vsi končne točke pravilno registrirane
- Obdelava zahtev: Testirajte celoten cikel zahteva-odgovor
- Propagacija napak: Preverite, ali so napake pravilno obravnavane med komponentami
- Avtentikacija in avtorizacija: Testirajte varnostne mehanizme
// Example integration test for MCP server in C#
[Fact]
public async Task Server_ProcessToolRequest_ReturnsValidResponse()
{
// Arrange
var server = new McpServer();
server.RegisterTool(new CalculatorTool());
await server.StartAsync();
var request = new McpRequest
{
Tool = "calculator",
Parameters = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
["operation"] = "multiply",
["a"] = 6,
["b"] = 7
}
};
// Act
var response = await server.ProcessRequestAsync(request);
// Assert
Assert.NotNull(response);
Assert.Equal(McpStatusCodes.Success, response.StatusCode);
// Additional assertions for response content
// Cleanup
await server.StopAsync();
}Testi od konca do konca preverjajo celotno vedenje sistema od odjemalca do strežnika.
- Komunikacija odjemalec-strežnik: Testirajte celotne cikle zahteva-odgovor
- Pravi odjemalski SDK-ji: Testirajte z dejanskimi implementacijami odjemalcev
- Zmogljivost pod obremenitvijo: Preverite vedenje z več sočasnimi zahtevami
- Obnovitev napak: Testirajte obnovitev sistema po neuspehih
- Dolgotrajne operacije: Preverite obravnavo pretakanja in dolgih operacij
// Example E2E test with a client in TypeScript
describe('MCP Server E2E Tests', () => {
let client: McpClient;
beforeAll(async () => {
// Start server in test environment
await startTestServer();
client = new McpClient('http://localhost:5000');
});
afterAll(async () => {
await stopTestServer();
});
test('Client can invoke calculator tool and get correct result', async () => {
// Act
const response = await client.invokeToolAsync('calculator', {
operation: 'divide',
a: 20,
b: 4
});
// Assert
expect(response.statusCode).toBe(200);
expect(response.content[0].text).toContain('5');
});
});Simulacija je ključna za izolacijo komponent med testiranjem.
- Zunanji AI modeli: Simulirajte odzive modelov za predvidljivo testiranje
- Zunanje storitve: Simulirajte odvisnosti API-jev (podatkovne baze, storitve tretjih oseb)
- Storitve avtentikacije: Simulirajte ponudnike identitete
- Ponudniki virov: Simulirajte drage upravljalnike virov
// C# example with Moq
var mockModel = new Mock<ILanguageModel>();
mockModel
.Setup(m => m.GenerateResponseAsync(
It.IsAny<string>(),
It.IsAny<McpRequestContext>()))
.ReturnsAsync(new ModelResponse {
Text = "Mocked model response",
FinishReason = FinishReason.Completed
});
var server = new McpServer(modelClient: mockModel.Object);# Python example with unittest.mock
@patch('mcp_server.models.OpenAIModel')
def test_with_mock_model(mock_model):
# Configure mock
mock_model.return_value.generate_response.return_value = {
"text": "Mocked model response",
"finish_reason": "completed"
}
# Use mock in test
server = McpServer(model_client=mock_model)
# Continue with testTestiranje zmogljivosti je ključnega pomena za produk
3. Osnovne zmogljivosti: Ohranjajte merila zmogljivosti za odkrivanje regresij
4. Varnostni pregledi: Avtomatizirajte varnostno testiranje kot del cevovoda
name: MCP Server Tests
on:
push:
branches: [ main ]
pull_request:
branches: [ main ]
jobs:
test:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v2
- name: Set up Runtime
uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v1
with:
dotnet-version: '8.0.x'
- name: Restore dependencies
run: dotnet restore
- name: Build
run: dotnet build --no-restore
- name: Unit Tests
run: dotnet test --no-build --filter Category=Unit
- name: Integration Tests
run: dotnet test --no-build --filter Category=Integration
- name: Performance Tests
run: dotnet run --project tests/PerformanceTests/PerformanceTests.csprojPreverite, ali vaš strežnik pravilno izvaja specifikacijo MCP.
- API končne točke: Testirajte zahtevane končne točke (/resources, /tools itd.)
- Format zahtevkov/odgovorov: Preverite skladnost s shemo
- Kode napak: Preverite pravilne statusne kode za različne scenarije
- Vrste vsebin: Testirajte obravnavo različnih vrst vsebin
- Avtentikacijski tok: Preverite mehanizme avtentikacije skladne s specifikacijo
[Fact]
public async Task Server_ResourceEndpoint_ReturnsCorrectSchema()
{
// Arrange
var client = new HttpClient();
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Authorization", "Bearer test-token");
// Act
var response = await client.GetAsync("http://localhost:5000/api/resources");
var content = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
var resources = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<ResourceList>(content);
// Assert
Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, response.StatusCode);
Assert.NotNull(resources);
Assert.All(resources.Resources, resource =>
{
Assert.NotNull(resource.Id);
Assert.NotNull(resource.Type);
// Additional schema validation
});
}- Ločeno testirajte definicije orodij: Preverite sheme neodvisno od logike orodij
- Uporabljajte parametizirane teste: Testirajte orodja z različnimi vnosi, vključno z robnimi primeri
- Preverite odzive na napake: Preverite pravilno obravnavo vseh možnih napak
- Testirajte logiko avtorizacije: Zagotovite pravilno kontrolo dostopa za različne uporabniške vloge
- Spremljajte pokritost testov: Ciljajte na visoko pokritost kritične kode
- Testirajte pretočne odgovore: Preverite pravilno obravnavo pretočne vsebine
- Simulirajte težave z omrežjem: Testirajte obnašanje v slabih omrežnih pogojih
- Testirajte omejitve virov: Preverite obnašanje ob doseganju kvot ali omejitev hitrosti
- Avtomatizirajte regresijske teste: Zgradite zbirko, ki se izvaja ob vsaki spremembi kode
- Dokumentirajte testne primere: Ohranjajte jasno dokumentacijo testnih scenarijev
- Preveliko zanašanje na testiranje srečnih poti: Poskrbite, da temeljito testirate primere napak
- Ignoriranje testiranja zmogljivosti: Identificirajte ozka grla, preden vplivajo na produkcijo
- Testiranje samo v izolaciji: Združite enote, integracijo in E2E teste
- Nepopolna pokritost API-ja: Poskrbite, da so testirane vse končne točke in funkcije
- Nedosledna testna okolja: Uporabljajte vsebnike za zagotavljanje doslednih testnih okolij
Celovita strategija testiranja je ključna za razvoj zanesljivih, visokokakovostnih MCP strežnikov. Z izvajanjem najboljših praks in nasvetov, opisanih v tem vodniku, lahko zagotovite, da vaše MCP implementacije dosegajo najvišje standarde kakovosti, zanesljivosti in zmogljivosti.
- Oblikovanje orodij: Upoštevajte načelo enotne odgovornosti, uporabite injekcijo odvisnosti in oblikujte za sestavljivost
- Oblikovanje shem: Ustvarite jasne, dobro dokumentirane sheme z ustreznimi omejitvami validacije
- Obravnava napak: Izvedite elegantno obravnavo napak, strukturirane odgovore na napake in logiko ponovnih poskusov
- Zmogljivost: Uporabljajte predpomnjenje, asinhrono obdelavo in omejevanje virov
- Varnost: Uporabljajte temeljito validacijo vhodov, preverjanje avtorizacije in obravnavo občutljivih podatkov
- Testiranje: Ustvarite celovite enote, integracijo in končne teste
- Vzorce delovnih tokov: Uporabljajte uveljavljene vzorce, kot so verige, dispečerji in vzporedna obdelava
Oblikujte MCP orodje in delovni tok za sistem obdelave dokumentov, ki:
- Sprejema dokumente v več formatih (PDF, DOCX, TXT)
- Izvleče besedilo in ključne informacije iz dokumentov
- Razvrsti dokumente glede na vrsto in vsebino
- Ustvari povzetek vsakega dokumenta
Izvedite sheme orodij, obravnavo napak in vzorec delovnega toka, ki najbolj ustreza temu scenariju. Razmislite, kako bi testirali to implementacijo.
- Pridružite se MCP skupnosti na Azure AI Foundry Discord Community, da ostanete na tekočem z najnovejšimi razvoji
- Prispevajte k odprtokodnim MCP projektom
- Uporabljajte MCP načela v AI iniciativah vaše organizacije
- Raziščite specializirane MCP implementacije za vašo industrijo
- Razmislite o naprednih tečajih na specifičnih MCP temah, kot so multimodalna integracija ali integracija aplikacij v podjetjih
- Eksperimentirajte z gradnjo lastnih MCP orodij in delovnih tokov z uporabo načel, ki ste se jih naučili v Hands on Lab
Naprej: Najboljše prakse študije primerov
Omejitev odgovornosti:
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