wordpress-learning-kit/20-debug-testing-maintenance.html at main · coowinit/wordpress-learning-kit · GitHub

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>20 调试、测试与维护</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/common.css">
</head>
<body>
  <main class="page">
    <section class="hero">
      <div class="hero-card">
        <h1>20 调试、测试与维护</h1>
        <p>整理 WP_DEBUG、日志、Query Monitor 思路、错误处理、计划任务和维护清单。</p>
      </div>
      <img src="assets/20-debug-testing-maintenance.svg" alt="20 调试、测试与维护">
    </section>

    <nav class="nav">
      <a href="index.html">首页</a>
      <a href="01-hooks-functions.html">01</a>
      <a href="02-theme-setup-assets.html">02</a>
      <a href="03-template-loop-conditions.html">03</a>
      <a href="04-cpt-taxonomy.html">04</a>
      <a href="05-media-images.html">05</a>
      <a href="06-menus-widgets-sidebars.html">06</a>
      <a href="07-admin-ui-settings.html">07</a>
      <a href="08-plugin-architecture.html">08</a>
      <a href="09-shortcodes-content.html">09</a>
      <a href="10-gutenberg-blocks.html">10</a>
      <a href="11-elementor-integration.html">11</a>
      <a href="12-customizer-settings-api.html">12</a>
      <a href="13-forms-email-ajax.html">13</a>
      <a href="14-security-permissions.html">14</a>
      <a href="15-users-roles-capabilities.html">15</a>
      <a href="16-rest-api-ajax.html">16</a>
      <a href="17-seo-schema-head.html">17</a>
      <a href="18-performance-cache.html">18</a>
      <a href="19-migration-config.html">19</a>
      <a href="20-debug-testing-maintenance.html">20</a>
    </nav>

    <section class="card">
      <h2>本页关键词</h2>
      <div class="tag-list">
        <span>WP_DEBUG</span>
        <span>error_log</span>
        <span>WP_Error</span>
        <span>cron</span>
        <span>maintenance</span>
      </div>
    </section>

    <section class="card">
      <h2>学习目标</h2>
      <ul class="checklist">
        <li>会开启调试日志</li>
        <li>会写 error_log</li>
        <li>会处理 WP_Error</li>
        <li>会注册计划任务</li>
        <li>知道维护检查清单</li>
      </ul>
    </section>

    <section class="card">
      <h2>代码使用提醒</h2>
      <p>本页代码适合用于学习和研究。复制到正式网站前，请先备份，并优先在测试环境验证。</p>
      <p>涉及用户输入、后台保存、接口请求、删除操作和邮件发送时，要同时考虑权限、nonce、sanitize、validate 和 escape。</p>
    </section>

    <section class="code-grid">

    <article class="code-card">
      <div class="code-title">
        <h3>1. wp-config 调试配置</h3>
        <span class="badge">调试</span>
      </div>
      <div class="code">&lt;?php
define( 'WP_DEBUG', true );
define( 'WP_DEBUG_LOG', true );
define( 'WP_DEBUG_DISPLAY', false );</div>
      <div class="code-note">正式站不建议把错误直接显示给访客。</div>
    </article>


    <article class="code-card">
      <div class="code-title">
        <h3>2. 写入调试日志</h3>
        <span class="badge">调试</span>
      </div>
      <div class="code">&lt;?php
error_log( 'Contact form handler started.' );

$data = array( 'name' =&gt; 'Test', 'status' =&gt; 'ok' );
error_log( print_r( $data, true ) );</div>
      <div class="code-note">临时排查可用 error_log，修复后应清理过多日志。</div>
    </article>


    <article class="code-card">
      <div class="code-title">
        <h3>3. 处理 WP_Error</h3>
        <span class="badge">稳定</span>
      </div>
      <div class="code">&lt;?php
$response = wp_remote_get( 'https://example.com/api' );

if ( is_wp_error( $response ) ) {
    error_log( $response-&gt;get_error_message() );
    return;
}

$body = wp_remote_retrieve_body( $response );</div>
      <div class="code-note">调用接口、插入数据、上传文件时都可能返回 WP_Error。</div>
    </article>


    <article class="code-card">
      <div class="code-title">
        <h3>4. 注册计划任务</h3>
        <span class="badge">维护</span>
      </div>
      <div class="code">&lt;?php
function mysite_schedule_daily_task() {
    if ( ! wp_next_scheduled( 'mysite_daily_cleanup' ) ) {
        wp_schedule_event( time(), 'daily', 'mysite_daily_cleanup' );
    }
}
add_action( 'wp', 'mysite_schedule_daily_task' );

function mysite_daily_cleanup_callback() {
    // 每日清理逻辑。
}
add_action( 'mysite_daily_cleanup', 'mysite_daily_cleanup_callback' );</div>
      <div class="code-note">WP-Cron 依赖访问触发，不等同于系统 cron。</div>
    </article>


    <article class="code-card">
      <div class="code-title">
        <h3>5. 停用插件时清理计划任务</h3>
        <span class="badge">维护</span>
      </div>
      <div class="code">&lt;?php
function mysite_clear_scheduled_tasks() {
    $timestamp = wp_next_scheduled( 'mysite_daily_cleanup' );

    if ( $timestamp ) {
        wp_unschedule_event( $timestamp, 'mysite_daily_cleanup' );
    }
}
register_deactivation_hook( __FILE__, 'mysite_clear_scheduled_tasks' );</div>
      <div class="code-note">注册了计划任务，就要考虑停用时清理。</div>
    </article>


    <article class="code-card">
      <div class="code-title">
        <h3>6. 维护模式短路输出</h3>
        <span class="badge">维护</span>
      </div>
      <div class="code">&lt;?php
function mysite_simple_maintenance_mode() {
    if ( current_user_can( 'manage_options' ) ) {
        return;
    }

    if ( get_option( 'mysite_maintenance_mode' ) ) {
        wp_die( '网站维护中，请稍后访问。', 'Maintenance', array( 'response' =&gt; 503 ) );
    }
}
add_action( 'template_redirect', 'mysite_simple_maintenance_mode' );</div>
      <div class="code-note">维护模式要允许管理员访问，且返回合适状态码。</div>
    </article>


    <article class="code-card">
      <div class="code-title">
        <h3>7. 基础维护检查清单代码注释</h3>
        <span class="badge">维护</span>
      </div>
      <div class="code">&lt;?php
/**
 * 每次更新前检查：
 * 1. 备份数据库和文件
 * 2. 记录当前 WordPress / 主题 / 插件版本
 * 3. 在测试环境更新
 * 4. 测试首页、表单、购物车、登录、搜索
 * 5. 查看 debug.log 是否有新错误
 */</div>
      <div class="code-note">把维护流程写进项目文档，比只靠记忆更可靠。</div>
    </article>

    </section>

    <section class="summary-box">
      <h2>本页总结</h2>
      <p>调试维护的重点是日志、错误处理、计划任务和复测流程。任何修复都要以备份和可回滚为前提。</p>
    </section>
  </main>
</body>
</html>