Adding a LogRecord example

Author: crmpicco

advanced-oop.md

@@ -1,7 +1,22 @@
 # Advanced Object-Oriented Programming
 
+## Assorted methods
 `__le__` - this method is used to implement less than or equal to comparisons. It should return `True` if the object is less than or equal to the other object, `False` otherwise.
 
+`__repr()__` - used to return a information-rich string representation of the object. This is useful for debugging and logging purposes. The string returned by `__repr__()` should be a valid Python expression that can be used to recreate the object, e.g.
+```python
+class Player:
+    def __init__(self, name, age):
+        self.name = name
+        self.age = age
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"Player(name={self.name!r}, age={self.age!r})"
+
+player = Player("James Tavernier", 33)
+print(repr(player))  # Player(name='James Tavernier', age=33)
+```
+
 `from abc import ABC, abstractmethod` - the `abc` module provides the `ABC` class that can be used to create abstract base classes. Abstract base classes are classes that are designed to be inherited from, but not instantiated. Abstract methods are methods that must be implemented by any concrete subclasses.
 
 `@abstractmethod` - this decorator is used to mark a method as abstract. Abstract methods must be implemented by any concrete subclasses.

file-processing.md

@@ -30,4 +30,31 @@ cursor.executescript(sql_script)
 # commit changes and close the connection
 conn.commit()
 conn.close()
-```
+```
+
+## Logging
+The [logging](https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html) module is used to log messages from a program. It is useful for debugging and tracking the execution of a program. The logging module provides a way to configure different log levels, such as `DEBUG`, `INFO`, `WARNING`, `ERROR`, and `CRITICAL`.
+
+`LogRecord` - an object that holds all the metadata about the logging event (level, filename, line number etc.)
+
+```python
+import logging
+
+logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
+logger = logging.getLogger()
+
+logger.debug("Let's generate some fixtures for the new season!")
+
+log_record = logging.LogRecord(
+    name='crmpicco_logger',
+    level=logging.DEBUG,
+    pathname='generate_fixtures.py',
+    lineno=10,
+    msg='This is a custom log message',
+    args=None,
+    exc_info=None
+)
+
+# you can access the log message from the LogRecord using the msg attribute
+log_message = log_record.msg
+```

gui-programming.md

@@ -11,6 +11,21 @@ Event handlers interact with various components to capture and transform user in
 
 ### Widgets
 
+#### Positioning
+
+The placement of widgets in a window is determined by the geometry manager. They can be defined by x/y coordinates or with relative coordinates and anchor, e.g.
+```python
+# x/y coordinates (in pixels)
+import tkinter as tk
+xy_label = tk.Label(root, text="x/y coordinates")
+xy_label.place(x=100, y=100)
+```
+```python
+# relative coordinates (and anchor)
+import tkinter as tk
+relative_label = tk.Label(root, text="relative (anchored) coordinates")
+relative_label.place(relx=0.5, rely=0.5, anchor="center")
+```
 - `Entry` - a single-line text input field. It can be used to get user input. 
 ```python
 entry.insert(0, "Please enter your name")