unit5_standardIOAndPipes.md

standard input and output

• ls -l /dev/std*
• find /etc -name passwd

redirecting output displayed on the terminal

redirecting input and output

• >
• >>
• <
• cal > cal.1
• cat cal.1
• cal >> cal.2
• cat cal.2

overwriting or appending

redirecting standard output

redirecting standdard error

redirecting both standard output and error

• su - user1
• find /etc/ -name passwd 2> errs 1> output
• cat errs
• find /etc -name passwd > alloutput 2>&1
• cat alloutput
• find /etc -name pwsswd &> alloutput
• cat alloutput

redirectin input

• .< -input
• tr 'A-Z' 'a-z' < .bash_profile

cut

• cut -f4 result.dat

sort

• man sort
• sort -fuf test

using pipes to connect processes

using pipes for mail

• mail -s "lst mail" mskv
• cat /var/spool/mail/mskv
• ls -l | mail -s "send mail to mango" mango

tee