diff --git a/.github/workflows/compfuzzci_close_pr.yaml b/.github/workflows/compfuzzci_close_pr.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fec95d7b6b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/compfuzzci_close_pr.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# This workflow is triggered on PR being closed.
+# It dispatches workflow on CompFuzzCI repository, where the bugs found in the PR head is discarded from the database.
+
+name: Updating CompFuzzCI on PR Closed
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - master
+    types: [closed]
+  
+jobs:
+  UpdatePRClosed:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.base.ref == 'master' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.owner.login == 'dafny-lang'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Trigger CompFuzzCI
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        with:
+            github-token: ${{ secrets.COMPFUZZCI_PAT }}
+            script: |
+              await github.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
+                  owner: 'CompFuzzCI',
+                  repo: 'DafnyCompilerFuzzer',
+                  workflow_id: 'update_pr_close.yaml',
+                  ref: 'main',
+                  inputs: {
+                      pr_head_ref: '${{github.event.pull_request.head.ref}}' 
+                  }
+              })
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.github/workflows/compfuzzci_fuzz.yaml b/.github/workflows/compfuzzci_fuzz.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..720f6a02a76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/compfuzzci_fuzz.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# This workflow is triggered on PR being opened, synced, reopened, closed.
+# It dispatches workflow on CompFuzzCI repository, where fuzzing of the PR is handled.
+# For problems or suggestions, contact karnbongkot.boonriong23@imperial.ac.uk
+
+name: Fuzzing on PR
+on:
+  pull_request_target:
+    branches:
+      - master
+  
+jobs:
+  FuzzOnPR:
+    if: github.event.pull_request.base.ref == 'master' &&
+        (github.event.pull_request.author_association == 'COLLABORATOR' ||
+        github.event.pull_request.author_association == 'MEMBER' ||
+        github.event.pull_request.author_association == 'OWNER')
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Trigger CompFuzzCI
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        with:
+            github-token: ${{ secrets.COMPFUZZCI_PAT }}
+            script: |
+              await github.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
+                  owner: 'CompFuzzCI',
+                  repo: 'DafnyCompilerFuzzer',
+                  workflow_id: 'fuzz.yaml',
+                  ref: 'main',
+                  inputs: {
+                      pr: '${{github.event.pull_request.number}}',
+                      author: '${{github.event.pull_request.user.login}}',
+                      branch: '${{github.event.pull_request.head.ref}}',
+                      head_sha: '${{github.event.pull_request.head.sha}}',
+                      duration: '3600',
+                      instance: '2'
+                  }
+              })
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.github/workflows/compfuzzci_process_issues.yaml b/.github/workflows/compfuzzci_process_issues.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2228ef0a2d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/compfuzzci_process_issues.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# This workflow is triggered on issue being opened, closed, reopened.
+# The CompFuzzCI fuzzer needs to keep track of active issues in the repository to ensure that the fuzzer does not report the same issue multiple times.
+# For open and reopen events: It dispatches workflow on CompFuzzCI repository, where the issue is added to the database.
+# For close event: It dispatches workflow on CompFuzzCI repository, where the issue is removed from the database.
+
+name: Issue Update for Fuzzer
+on:
+  issues:
+    branches:
+      - master
+    types: [opened, closed, reopened]
+
+jobs:
+  UpdateIssueOpened:
+    if: github.event.action == 'opened' || github.event.action == 'reopened'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Trigger CompFuzzCI
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        with:
+            github-token: ${{ secrets.COMPFUZZCI_PAT }}
+            script: |
+              await github.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
+                  owner: 'CompFuzzCI',
+                  repo: 'DafnyCompilerFuzzer',
+                  workflow_id: 'update_issue_open.yaml',
+                  ref: 'main',
+                  inputs: {
+                      issue_number: '${{github.event.issue.number}}',
+                      issuer: '${{github.event.issue.user.login}}',
+                      commit: '${{ github.sha }}'          
+                  }
+              })
+  UpdateIssueClosed:
+    if: github.event.action == 'closed'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Trigger CompFuzzCI
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        with:
+            github-token: ${{ secrets.COMPFUZZCI_PAT }}
+            script: |
+              await github.rest.actions.createWorkflowDispatch({
+                  owner: 'CompFuzzCI',
+                  repo: 'DafnyCompilerFuzzer',
+                  workflow_id: 'update_issue_close.yaml',
+                  ref: 'main',
+                  inputs: {
+                      issue_number: '${{github.event.issue.number}}'
+                  }
+              })
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.github/workflows/daily-soak-test-build.yml b/.github/workflows/daily-soak-test-build.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..98f9025f244
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/daily-soak-test-build.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+
+# Scheduled daily build
+#
+# The purpose of this build is to run tests that may have non-deterministic failures
+# many times over, in the hopes of more aggressively revealing
+# flaky tests that occasionally slow down unrelated development.
+
+name: Daily soak test workflow
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    # Chosen to be hopefully outside of business hours for most contributors'
+    # time zones, and not on the hour to avoid heavy scheduled-job times:
+    # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/events-that-trigger-workflows#schedule
+    - cron: "30 3 * * *"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  daily-soak-build-for-master:
+    if: github.repository_owner == 'dafny-lang' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/xunit-tests-reusable.yml
+    with:
+        soak_test: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/integration-tests-reusable.yml b/.github/workflows/integration-tests-reusable.yml
index 086b547eb1b..7dc0d80617f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/integration-tests-reusable.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/integration-tests-reusable.yml
@@ -12,11 +12,15 @@ on:
       ref:
         required: true
         type: string
+      compilers:
+        description: 'Compilers to use'
+        type: string
+        required: false
+        default: ""
 
 env:
   dotnet-version: 6.0.x # SDK Version for building Dafny
 
-
 jobs:
   # This job is used to dynamically calculate the matrix dimensions.
   # For now that just makes the sharding a little cleaner, but it will shortly
@@ -27,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Populate OS list (all platforms)
         id: populate-os-list-all
         if: inputs.all_platforms
-        run: echo "os-list=[\"ubuntu-latest\", \"ubuntu-20.04\", \"macos-latest\", \"windows-2019\"]" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+        run: echo "os-list=[\"ubuntu-20.04\", \"macos-13\", \"windows-2019\"]" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Populate OS list (one platform)
         id: populate-os-list-one
         if: "!inputs.all_platforms"
@@ -35,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Populate OS mapping for package.py
         id: populate-os-mapping
         run: |
-          echo "os-mapping={\"ubuntu-latest\": \"ubuntu\", \"ubuntu-20.04\": \"ubuntu\", \"macos-latest\": \"macos\", \"windows-2019\": \"windows\"}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "os-mapping={\"ubuntu-20.04\": \"ubuntu\", \"macos-13\": \"macos\", \"windows-2019\": \"windows\"}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       - name: Populate target runtime version list (all platforms)
         id: populate-target-runtime-version-all
         if: inputs.all_platforms
@@ -91,12 +95,12 @@ jobs:
     - name: Set up oldest supported Go
       uses: actions/setup-go@v5
       with:
-        go-version: '1.15'
+        go-version: '1.21'
         cache: false
     - name: Set up goimports
       env:
         GO111MODULE: on
-      run: go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports@release-branch.go1.15
+      run: go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports@latest
     - name: Set up Python
       uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with: 
@@ -151,6 +155,7 @@ jobs:
         XUNIT_SHARD: ${{ matrix.shard }}
         XUNIT_SHARD_COUNT: ${{ inputs.num_shards }}
         DAFNY_RELEASE: ${{ github.workspace }}\unzippedRelease\dafny
+        DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ONLY_COMPILERS: ${{ inputs.compilers }}
       run: |
         cmd /c mklink D:\a\dafny\dafny\unzippedRelease\dafny\z3\bin\z3-4.12.1 D:\a\dafny\dafny\unzippedRelease\dafny\z3\bin\z3-4.12.1.exe
         dotnet test --logger trx --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings dafny/Source/IntegrationTests/coverlet.runsettings dafny/Source/IntegrationTests/IntegrationTests.csproj
@@ -167,6 +172,7 @@ jobs:
       env:
         XUNIT_SHARD: ${{ matrix.shard }}
         XUNIT_SHARD_COUNT: ${{ inputs.num_shards }}
+        DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ONLY_COMPILERS: ${{ inputs.compilers }}
       run: |
         ${{ inputs.all_platforms }} && export DAFNY_RELEASE="${{ github.workspace }}/unzippedRelease/dafny"
         dotnet test --logger trx --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings dafny/Source/IntegrationTests/coverlet.runsettings dafny/Source/IntegrationTests
diff --git a/.github/workflows/msbuild.yml b/.github/workflows/msbuild.yml
index ee69aec54c3..a36595910f6 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/msbuild.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/msbuild.yml
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ jobs:
       run: dotnet tool restore
     - name: Check whitespace and style
       working-directory: dafny
-      run: dotnet format whitespace Source/Dafny.sln --verify-no-changes --exclude Source/DafnyCore/Scanner.cs --exclude Source/DafnyCore/Parser.cs --exclude Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny.cs --exclude Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeSystemModule.cs
+      run: dotnet format whitespace Source/Dafny.sln --verify-no-changes --exclude Source/DafnyCore/Scanner.cs --exclude Source/DafnyCore/Parser.cs --exclude Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/* --exclude Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedFromDafny/* --exclude Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeSystemModule.cs
     - name: Get Boogie Version
       run: |
         sudo apt-get update
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ jobs:
 
   integration-tests:
     needs: check-deep-tests
-    if: always() && (( github.event_name == 'pull_request' && (needs.check-deep-tests.result == 'success' || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-deep-tests'))) || ( github.event_name == 'push' && ( github.ref_name == 'master' || vars.TEST_ON_FORK == 'true' )))
+    if: always() && (( github.event_name == 'pull_request' && (needs.check-deep-tests.result == 'success' || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-deep-tests') || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-integration-tests'))) || ( github.event_name == 'push' && ( github.ref_name == 'master' || vars.TEST_ON_FORK == 'true' )))
     uses: ./.github/workflows/integration-tests-reusable.yml
     with:
       ref: ${{ github.ref }}
@@ -76,6 +76,8 @@ jobs:
       # This is the best way to fix an issue in master that was only caught by the nightly build.
       all_platforms: ${{ contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-deep-tests') || contains(github.event.push.labels.*.name, 'run-deep-tests')}}
       num_shards: 5
+      # Omit Rust in the nightly build (or rather simulating it here) because Rust is known to have random issues
+      compilers: ${{ (contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-deep-tests') || contains(github.event.push.labels.*.name, 'run-deep-tests')) && 'cs,java,go,js,cpp,dfy,py' || '' }}
 
   test-coverage-analysis:
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
@@ -159,7 +161,7 @@ jobs:
           output: both
           # Fail if less than 86% total coverage, measured across all packages combined.
           # Report "yellow" status if less than 90% total coverage.
-          thresholds: '86 90'
+          thresholds: '85 90'
 
       - name: Code coverage report (LSP)
         uses: irongut/CodeCoverageSummary@v1.3.0
diff --git a/.github/workflows/nightly-build-reusable.yml b/.github/workflows/nightly-build-reusable.yml
index 6eaf53fa2b1..4b659ebba7b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/nightly-build-reusable.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/nightly-build-reusable.yml
@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@ jobs:
     with:
       ref: ${{ inputs.ref }}
       all_platforms: true
-      num_shards: 5
+      num_shards: 10
+      # Omit Rust because Rust is known to have random issues
+      compilers: cs,java,go,js,cpp,dfy,py
 
   determine-vars:
     if: github.repository_owner == 'dafny-lang' && inputs.publish-prerelease
diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish-release-reusable.yml b/.github/workflows/publish-release-reusable.yml
index a86b9e1edeb..d288548bf83 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish-release-reusable.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish-release-reusable.yml
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ env:
 jobs:
 
   publish-release:
-    runs-on: macos-latest   # Put back 'ubuntu-20.04' if macos-latest fails in any way
+    runs-on: macos-13   # Put back 'ubuntu-20.04' if macos-latest fails in any way
     steps:
     - name: Print version
       run: echo ${{ inputs.name }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-brew.yml b/.github/workflows/release-brew.yml
index 00c910954f9..c6867f03326 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-brew.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-brew.yml
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
   build:
 
-    runs-on: macos-latest
+    runs-on: macos-13
 
     steps:
     - name: Install dafny
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-downloads-nuget.yml b/.github/workflows/release-downloads-nuget.yml
index 31d0e91d585..09c25932a11 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-downloads-nuget.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-downloads-nuget.yml
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         # This workflow breaks on windows-2022: https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/1906
-        os: [ ubuntu-22.04, ubuntu-20.04, macos-11, windows-2019 ]
+        os: [ ubuntu-22.04, ubuntu-20.04, macos-13, windows-2019 ]
 
     steps:
     - name: OS
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ jobs:
         excludes: prerelease, draft
     - name: Verify Dafny version
       if: "${{ steps.dafny.outputs.release != '' }}"
-      run: version="${{ steps.dafny.outputs.release }}"; dafny -version | grep -iE "Dafny "${version:1}".[0-9]{5}"
+      run: version="${{ steps.dafny.outputs.release }}"; dafny -version | grep -iE "Dafny "${version:1}".[0-9]+"
       shell: bash
     ## Check that a simple program compiles and runs on each supported platform
     ## Now that the dotnet tool distribution doesn't include the Scripts,
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ jobs:
         # but note we need to skip Dafny since nuget install doesn't work for dotnet tools.
         library-name: [ DafnyPipeline, DafnyServer, DafnyLanguageServer, DafnyRuntime, DafnyCore, DafnyDriver ]
         # This workflow breaks on windows-2022: https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/1906
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-20.04, macos-latest, windows-2019 ]
+        os: [ ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-20.04, macos-13, windows-2019 ]
 
     steps:
     # Verify that the dependencies of the libraries we publish (e.g. DafnyLanguageServer)
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-downloads.yml b/.github/workflows/release-downloads.yml
index f6158a53d4c..74c68178672 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-downloads.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-downloads.yml
@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         # This workflow breaks on windows-2022: https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/1906
-        os: [ ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-20.04, macos-latest, windows-2019 ]
+        os: [ ubuntu-latest, ubuntu-20.04, macos-13, windows-2019 ]
         include:
         - os:  'ubuntu-latest'
           osn: 'ubuntu-20.04'
         - os:  'ubuntu-20.04'
           osn: 'ubuntu-20.04'
-        - os:  'macos-latest'
-          osn: 'x64-macos-11'
+        - os:  'macos-13'
+          osn: 'x64-macos-13'
         - os:  'windows-2019'
           osn: 'windows-2019'
     # There is no hosted environment for Ubuntu 14.04 or for debian
diff --git a/.github/workflows/runtime-tests.yml b/.github/workflows/runtime-tests.yml
index 5f2db0e25dd..c3756189bd9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/runtime-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/runtime-tests.yml
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: '1.15'
+          go-version: '1.21'
           cache: false
       - name: Set up goimports
         env:
           GO111MODULE: on
-        run: go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports@release-branch.go1.15
+        run: go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports@latest
       - name: Build Dafny
         run: dotnet build Source/Dafny.sln
       - name: Get Z3
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ jobs:
           cd ./Source/DafnyCore
           make test
           make check-format
-      - name: Test DafnyRuntime (C#)
+      - name: Test DafnyRuntime (C#, Rust)
         run: |
           cd ./Source/DafnyRuntime
           make all
@@ -72,3 +72,7 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           cd ./Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeJs
           make all
+      - name: Test DafnyRuntimeRust
+        run: |
+          cd ./Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust
+          make all
diff --git a/.github/workflows/standard-libraries.yml b/.github/workflows/standard-libraries.yml
index d79e0df0e8d..dd966bbc82f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/standard-libraries.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/standard-libraries.yml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
   build:
     needs: check-deep-tests
     if: always() && (( github.event_name == 'pull_request' && (needs.check-deep-tests.result == 'success' || contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-deep-tests'))) || ( github.event_name == 'push' && ( github.ref_name == 'master' || vars.TEST_ON_FORK == 'true' )))
-    runs-on: macos-latest
+    runs-on: macos-13
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout Dafny
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Set up Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: '1.15'
+          go-version: '1.21'
           cache: false
       - name: Set up goimports
         env:
           GO111MODULE: on
-        run: go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports@release-branch.go1.15
+        run: go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports@latest
       - name: Build Dafny
         run: dotnet build Source/Dafny.sln
       - name: Get Z3
diff --git a/.github/workflows/xunit-tests-reusable.yml b/.github/workflows/xunit-tests-reusable.yml
index b4f7c95c86c..68576f2315f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/xunit-tests-reusable.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/xunit-tests-reusable.yml
@@ -2,7 +2,17 @@ name: Run XUnit tests
 
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      soak_test:
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
   workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      soak_test:
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
 
 ## In the matrix:
 ##  os - name of the Github actions runner
@@ -15,15 +25,34 @@ defaults:
     working-directory: dafny
 
 jobs:
+  populate-matrix-dimensions:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Populate iterations (normal mode)
+        id: populate-iterations-normal
+        if: "!inputs.soak_test"
+        working-directory: .
+        run: echo "iterations=[1]" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      - name: Populate iterations (soak test mode)
+        id: populate-iterations-soak
+        if: inputs.soak_test
+        working-directory: .
+        run: echo "iterations=[`seq -s , 1 5`]" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+    outputs:
+      iterations: ${{ steps.populate-iterations-normal.outputs.iterations }} ${{ steps.populate-iterations-soak.outputs.iterations }}
+  
   build:
+    needs: populate-matrix-dimensions
     runs-on: ${{matrix.os}}
     timeout-minutes: 60
-    name: ${{matrix.suffix}}
+    name: ${{matrix.suffix}} (${{matrix.iteration}})
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-20.04, windows-2019, macos-13]
+        iteration: ${{ fromJson(needs.populate-matrix-dimensions.outputs.iterations) }}
         include:
-          - os: macos-11
+          - os: macos-13
             suffix: osx
             chmod: true
           - os: windows-2019
@@ -34,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
             chmod: true
     env:
       solutionPath: Source/Dafny.sln
-      z3BaseUri: https://github.com/dafny-lang/solver-builds/releases/download/snapshot-2023-08-02
+      z3BaseUri: https://github.com/dafny-lang/solver-builds/releases/download/snapshot-2024-04-10
       Logging__LogLevel__Microsoft: Debug
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -66,27 +95,34 @@ jobs:
     - name: Build
       run: dotnet build --no-restore ${{env.solutionPath}}
     - name: Run DafnyCore Tests
+      if: "!inputs.soak_test"
       run: dotnet test --no-restore --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --logger trx --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings Source/DafnyCore.Test/coverlet.runsettings Source/DafnyCore.Test
+    - name: Run DafnyLanguageServer Tests (soak test - iteration ${{matrix.iteration}})
+      if: inputs.soak_test
+      run: |
+        dotnet test --no-restore --blame-crash --blame-hang-timeout 360s --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --logger trx --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/coverlet.runsettings Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test
     - name: Run DafnyLanguageServer Tests
+      if: "!inputs.soak_test"
       run: |
-        ## Run twice to catch unstable code (Issue #2673)
-        dotnet test --no-restore --blame-hang-timeout 360s --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --logger trx --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/coverlet.runsettings Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test
-        ## On the second run, collect test coverage data
         ##  Note that, for some mysterious reason, --collect doesn't work with the DafnyLanguageServer.Test package
         dotnet coverage collect -o DafnyLanguageServer.Test.coverage dotnet test --no-restore --blame-hang-timeout 360s --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --logger trx Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test
-
     - name: Run DafnyDriver Tests
+      if: "!inputs.soak_test"
       run: dotnet test --no-restore --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --logger trx --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings Source/DafnyDriver.Test/coverlet.runsettings Source/DafnyDriver.Test
     - name: Run DafnyPipeline Tests
+      if: "!inputs.soak_test"
       run: dotnet test --no-restore --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --logger trx --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/coverlet.runsettings Source/DafnyPipeline.Test
     - name: Run DafnyTestGeneration Tests
-      run: dotnet test --no-restore --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --logger trx --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/coverlet.runsettings Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test
+      if: "!inputs.soak_test"
+      run: dotnet test --no-restore --blame-hang-timeout 5m --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --logger trx --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/coverlet.runsettings Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test
     - name: Run AutoExtern Tests
+      if: "!inputs.soak_test"
       run: dotnet test --no-restore --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --logger trx --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings Source/AutoExtern.Test/coverlet.runsettings Source/AutoExtern.Test
     - name: Run DafnyRuntime Tests
+      if: "!inputs.soak_test"
       run: dotnet test --no-restore --logger "console;verbosity=normal" --logger trx --collect:"XPlat Code Coverage" --settings Source/DafnyRuntime.Tests/coverlet.runsettings Source/DafnyRuntime.Tests
     - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-      if: always()
+      if: always() && !inputs.soak_test
       with:
         name: unit-test-results-${{ matrix.os }}
         path: |
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 3a841b1d10a..beb07d34a9c 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -81,3 +81,12 @@ Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/server/*.bvd
 /Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/model
 Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/*.html
 Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/**/*.html
+Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/**/*.dtr
+/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/usesLibrary-lib
+/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/usesLibrary.doo
+Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/**/*.deps.json
+Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/**/*.csproj
+/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule2
+/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/PythonModule1
+/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/DafnyPrelude.bpl
+/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Sequences.bpl
diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 9c4a8290fd2..46b4b28d51d 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -4,5 +4,6 @@ repos:
     -   id: dotnet-format
         name: dotnet-format
         language: system
-        entry: dotnet format whitespace Source/Dafny.sln --include
+        entry: dotnet format whitespace Source/Dafny.sln -v:d --include
+        exclude: 'GeneratedFromDafny|Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeSystemModule.cs'
         types_or: ["c#"]
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index d6256e00c2e..05fff0ed28e 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -5,82 +5,114 @@ default: exe
 all: exe refman
 
 exe:
-	(cd ${DIR} ; dotnet build Source/Dafny.sln ) ## includes parser
+	(cd "${DIR}" ; dotnet build Source/Dafny.sln ) ## includes parser
 
-dfyprodformat:
+format-dfy:
 	(cd "${DIR}"/Source/DafnyCore ; ../../Binaries/Dafny.exe format .)
 
-dfyprodinit: 
+dfy-to-cs: 
 	(cd "${DIR}"/Source/DafnyCore ; bash DafnyGeneratedFromDafny.sh)
 
-dfyprod: dfyprodformat dfyprodinit
-	(cd "${DIR}" ; dotnet build Source/Dafny.sln ) ## includes parser
+dfy-to-cs-exe: dfy-to-cs
+	(cd "${DIR}" ; dotnet build Source/Dafny.sln )
 
-dfydevinit:
-	(cd "${DIR}"/Source/DafnyCore ; bash DafnyGeneratedFromDafny.sh --no-verify --no-format)
+dfy-to-cs-noverify:
+	(cd "${DIR}"/Source/DafnyCore ; bash DafnyGeneratedFromDafny.sh --no-verify)
 
-dfydev: dfydevinit
-	(cd "${DIR}" ; dotnet build Source/Dafny.sln ) ## includes parser
+dfy-to-cs-noverify-exe: dfy-to-cs-noverify exe
 
 boogie: ${DIR}/boogie/Binaries/Boogie.exe
 
 tests:
-	(cd ${DIR}; dotnet test Source/IntegrationTests)
+	(cd "${DIR}"; dotnet test Source/IntegrationTests)
+
+# make test name=<part of the path of an integration test>
+test:
+	(cd "${DIR}"; dotnet test Source/IntegrationTests --filter "DisplayName~${name}")
 
 tests-verbose:
-	(cd ${DIR}; dotnet test --logger "console;verbosity=normal" Source/IntegrationTests )
+	(cd "${DIR}"; dotnet test --logger "console;verbosity=normal" Source/IntegrationTests )
 
 ${DIR}/boogie/Binaries/Boogie.exe:
-	(cd ${DIR}/boogie ; dotnet build -c Release Source/Boogie.sln )
+	(cd "${DIR}"/boogie ; dotnet build -c Release Source/Boogie.sln )
 
 refman: exe
-	make -C ${DIR}/docs/DafnyRef
+	make -C "${DIR}"/docs/DafnyRef
 
 refman-release: exe
-	make -C ${DIR}/docs/DafnyRef release
+	make -C "${DIR}"/docs/DafnyRef release
 
 z3-mac:
-	mkdir -p ${DIR}/Binaries/z3/bin
+	mkdir -p "${DIR}"/Binaries/z3/bin
 	wget https://github.com/dafny-lang/solver-builds/releases/download/snapshot-2023-08-02/z3-4.12.1-x64-macos-11-bin.zip
 	unzip z3-4.12.1-x64-macos-11-bin.zip
 	rm z3-4.12.1-x64-macos-11-bin.zip
 	wget https://github.com/dafny-lang/solver-builds/releases/download/snapshot-2023-08-02/z3-4.8.5-x64-macos-11-bin.zip
 	unzip z3-4.8.5-x64-macos-11-bin.zip
 	rm z3-4.8.5-x64-macos-11-bin.zip
-	mv z3-* ${DIR}/Binaries/z3/bin/
-	chmod +x ${DIR}/Binaries/z3/bin/z3-*
+	mv z3-* "${DIR}"/Binaries/z3/bin/
+	chmod +x "${DIR}"/Binaries/z3/bin/z3-*
 
 z3-mac-arm:
-	mkdir -p ${DIR}/Binaries/z3/bin
+	mkdir -p "${DIR}"/Binaries/z3/bin
 	wget https://github.com/dafny-lang/solver-builds/releases/download/snapshot-2023-08-02/z3-4.12.1-arm64-macos-11-bin.zip
 	unzip z3-4.12.1-arm64-macos-11-bin.zip
 	rm z3-4.12.1-arm64-macos-11-bin.zip
 	wget https://github.com/dafny-lang/solver-builds/releases/download/snapshot-2023-08-02/z3-4.8.5-x64-macos-11-bin.zip
 	unzip z3-4.8.5-x64-macos-11-bin.zip
 	rm z3-4.8.5-x64-macos-11-bin.zip
-	mv z3-* ${DIR}/Binaries/z3/bin/
-	chmod +x ${DIR}/Binaries/z3/bin/z3-*
+	mv z3-* "${DIR}"/Binaries/z3/bin/
+	chmod +x "${DIR}"/Binaries/z3/bin/z3-*
 
 z3-ubuntu:
-	mkdir -p ${DIR}/Binaries/z3/bin
+	mkdir -p "${DIR}"/Binaries/z3/bin
 	wget https://github.com/dafny-lang/solver-builds/releases/download/snapshot-2023-08-02/z3-4.12.1-x64-ubuntu-20.04-bin.zip
 	unzip z3-4.12.1-x64-ubuntu-20.04-bin.zip
 	rm z3-4.12.1-x64-ubuntu-20.04-bin.zip
 	wget https://github.com/dafny-lang/solver-builds/releases/download/snapshot-2023-08-02/z3-4.8.5-x64-ubuntu-20.04-bin.zip
 	unzip z3-4.8.5-x64-ubuntu-20.04-bin.zip
 	rm z3-4.8.5-x64-ubuntu-20.04-bin.zip
-	mv z3-* ${DIR}/Binaries/z3/bin/
-	chmod +x ${DIR}/Binaries/z3/bin/z3-*
+	mv z3-* "${DIR}"/Binaries/z3/bin/
+	chmod +x "${DIR}"/Binaries/z3/bin/z3-*
 
 format:
-	dotnet format whitespace Source/Dafny.sln --exclude Source/DafnyCore/Scanner.cs --exclude Source/DafnyCore/Parser.cs --exclude boogie --exclude Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny.cs --exclude Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeSystemModule.cs
+	dotnet format whitespace Source/Dafny.sln --exclude Source/DafnyCore/Scanner.cs --exclude Source/DafnyCore/Parser.cs --exclude boogie --exclude Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/* --exclude Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedFromDafny/* --exclude Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeSystemModule.cs
 
 clean:
-	(cd ${DIR}; cd Source; rm -rf Dafny/bin Dafny/obj DafnyDriver/bin DafnyDriver/obj DafnyRuntime/obj DafnyRuntime/bin DafnyServer/bin DafnyServer/obj DafnyPipeline/obj DafnyPipeline/bin DafnyCore/obj DafnyCore/bin)
-	(cd ${DIR} ; dotnet build Source/Dafny.sln -v:q --nologo -target:clean )
-	make -C ${DIR}/Source/DafnyCore -f Makefile clean
-	(cd ${DIR}/Source/Dafny && rm -rf Scanner.cs Parser.cs obj )
-	(cd ${DIR}/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeJava; ./gradlew clean)
-	make -C ${DIR}/docs/DafnyRef clean
-	(cd ${DIR}; cd Source; rm -rf Dafny/bin Dafny/obj DafnyDriver/bin DafnyDriver/obj DafnyRuntime/obj DafnyRuntime/bin DafnyServer/bin DafnyServer/obj DafnyPipeline/obj DafnyPipeline/bin DafnyCore/obj DafnyCore/bin)
+	(cd "${DIR}"; cd Source; rm -rf Dafny/bin Dafny/obj DafnyDriver/bin DafnyDriver/obj DafnyRuntime/obj DafnyRuntime/bin DafnyServer/bin DafnyServer/obj DafnyPipeline/obj DafnyPipeline/bin DafnyCore/obj DafnyCore/bin)
+	(cd "${DIR}" ; dotnet build Source/Dafny.sln -v:q --nologo -target:clean )
+	make -C "${DIR}"/Source/DafnyCore -f Makefile clean
+	(cd "${DIR}"/Source/Dafny && rm -rf Scanner.cs Parser.cs obj )
+	(cd "${DIR}"/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeJava; ./gradlew clean)
+	make -C "${DIR}"/docs/DafnyRef clean
+	(cd "${DIR}"; cd Source; rm -rf Dafny/bin Dafny/obj DafnyDriver/bin DafnyDriver/obj DafnyRuntime/obj DafnyRuntime/bin DafnyServer/bin DafnyServer/obj DafnyPipeline/obj DafnyPipeline/bin DafnyCore/obj DafnyCore/bin)
 	echo Source/*/bin Source/*/obj
+
+update-cs-module:
+	(cd "${DIR}"; cd Source/DafnyRuntime; make update-system-module)
+
+update-rs-module:
+	(cd "${DIR}"; cd Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust; make update-system-module)
+
+update-go-module:
+	(cd "${DIR}"; cd Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo; make update-system-module)
+
+update-runtime-dafny:
+	(cd "${DIR}"; cd Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeDafny; make update-go)
+
+pr-nogeneration: format-dfy format update-runtime-dafny update-cs-module update-rs-module update-go-module update-rs-module
+
+update-standard-libraries:
+	(cd "${DIR}"; cd Source/DafnyStandardLibraries; make update-binary)
+
+# `make pr` will bring you in a state suitable for submitting a PR
+# - Builds the Dafny executable
+# - Use the build to convert core .dfy files to .cs
+# - Rebuilds the Dafny executable with this .cs files
+# - Apply dafny format on all dfy files
+# - Apply dotnet format on all cs files except the generated ones
+# - Rebuild the Go and C# runtime modules as needed.
+pr: exe dfy-to-cs-exe pr-nogeneration
+
+# Same as `make pr` but useful when resolving conflicts, to take the last compiled version of Dafny first
+pr-conflict: dfy-to-cs-exe dfy-to-cs-exe pr-nogeneration
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 9407f36d35e..ddaf9d5950c 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ This github site contains these materials:
 * the [issue tracker](https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues)
 * the wiki, including [frequently asked questions](https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/wiki/FAQ)
 
-Documentation about the dafny language and tools is located
+Documentation about the Dafny language and tools is located
 [here](https://dafny-lang.github.io/dafny).
 A reference manual is available both [online](https://dafny-lang.github.io/dafny/DafnyRef/DafnyRef) and as [pdf](https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/blob/master/docs/DafnyRef/out/DafnyRef.pdf). (A LaTeX version can be produced if needed.)
 
diff --git a/RELEASE_NOTES.md b/RELEASE_NOTES.md
index 6124b11a42c..2e52b713dfc 100644
--- a/RELEASE_NOTES.md
+++ b/RELEASE_NOTES.md
@@ -2,6 +2,168 @@
 
 See [docs/dev/news/](docs/dev/news/).
 
+# 4.8.0
+
+## New features
+
+- Introduce `hide` statements that enable hiding the body of a function at a particular proof location, which allows simplifying the verification of that proof in case the body of the function is not needed for the proof. `Hide` statements make the opaque keyword on functions obsolete. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5562)
+
+- Let the command `measure-complexity` output which verification tasks performed the worst in terms of resource count. Output looks like:
+  ...
+  Verification task on line 8 in file measure-complexity.dfy consumed 9984 resources
+  Verification task on line 7 in file measure-complexity.dfy consumed 9065 resources
+  ...
+  (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5631)
+
+- Enable the option `--enforce-determinism` for the commands `resolve` and `verify` (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5632)
+
+- Method calls get an optional by-proof that hides the precondtion and its proof (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5662)
+
+## Bug fixes
+
+- Clarify error location of inlined `is` predicates. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5587)
+
+- Optimize the compilation of single-LHS assignment statements to allow the RHS to be a deeply nested expression. This solves a problem in compiling to Java, since `javac` does not deal gracefully with nested lambda expressions. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5589)
+
+- Crash when compiling an empty source file while including testing code (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5638)
+
+- Let the options --print-mode=NoGhostOrIncludes and --print-mode=NoIncludes work (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5645)
+
+- Verification in the IDE now works correctly when declaring nested module in a different file than their parent. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5650)
+
+- Fix NRE that would occur when using --legacy-data-constructors (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5655)
+
+# 4.7.0
+
+## New features
+
+- Add the option --find-project <path> that given a Dafny file traverses up the file tree until it finds a Dafny project that includes that path. This is useful when developing a particular file and doing CLI invocations as part of your development workflow.
+
+- Improved error reporting when verification times out or runs out of resources, so that when using `--isolate-assertions`, the error message points to the problematic assertion. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5281)
+
+- Support newtypes based on map and imap (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5175)
+
+- To enable smoothly working with multiple projects inside a single repository, Dafny now allows using a Dafny project file as an argument to `--library`. When using `dafny verify`, Dafny ensures that any dependencies specified through a project are verified as well, unless using the flag `--dont-verify-dependencies`. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5297)
+
+- Experimental Dafny-to-Rust compiler development
+  - Supports emitting code even if malformed with option `--emit-uncompilable-code`.
+  - Supports for immutable collections and operators
+  (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5081)
+
+- Allow for plugins to add custom request handlers to the language server. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5161)
+
+- Deprecated the unicode-char option (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5302)
+
+- Warn when passing a Dafny source file to `--library` (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5313)
+
+- Add support for "translation records", which record the options used when translating library code.
+  * `--translation-record` - Provides a `.dtr` file from a previous translation of library code. Can be specified multiple times.
+  * `--translation-record-output` - Customizes where to write the translation record for the current translation. Defaults to the output directory.
+  Providing translation records is necessary to handle options such as `--outer-module` that affect how code is translated.
+  (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5346)
+
+- The new `decreases to` expression makes it possible to write an explicit assertion equivalent to the internal check Dafny does to prove that a loop or recursive call terminates. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5367)
+
+- The new `assigned` expression makes it possible to explicitly assert that a variable, constant, out-parameter, or object field is definitely assigned. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5501)
+
+- Greatly reduced the size of generated code for the backends: C#, Python, GoLang and JavaScript.
+
+- Introduce additional warnings that previously only appeared when running the `dafny audit` command. Two warnings are as follows:
+  - Emit a warning when exporting a declaration that has requires clauses or subset type inputs
+  - Emit a warning when importing a declaration that has ensures clauses or subset type outputs
+Those two can be silenced with the flag `--allow-external-contracts`. A third new warning occurs when using bodyless functions marked with `{:extern}`, and can be silenced using the option `--allow-external-function`.
+
+- Enable project files to specify another project file as a base, which copies all configuration from that base file. More information can be found in the reference manual. 
+
+## Bug fixes
+
+- Fix a common memory leak that occurred when doing verification in the IDE that could easily consume gigabytes of memory. 
+
+- Fix bugs that could cause the IDE to become unresponsive
+
+- Improve the performance of the Dafny IDE by fixing bugs in its caching code
+
+- No longer reuse SMT solver processes between different document version when using the IDE, making the IDE verification behavior more inline to that of the CLI
+
+- Fix bugs that caused Dafny IDE internal errors (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/5355, https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5543, https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5548)
+
+- Fix bugs in the Dafny IDEs code navigation and renaming features when working with definition that are not referred to.
+
+- Fix a code navigation bug that could occur when navigating to and from module imports
+- 
+- Fix a code navigation bug that could occur when navigating to and from explicit types of variables
+  (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5419)
+
+- Let the IDE no longer show diagnostics for projects for which all files have been closed (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5437)
+
+- Fix bug that could lead to an unresponsive IDE when working with project files (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5444)
+
+- Fix bugs in Dafny library files that could cause them not to work with certain option values, such as --function-syntax=3 
+
+- Fix a bug that prevented building Dafny libraries for Dafny projects that could verify without errors.
+
+- Reserved module identifiers correctly escaped in GoLang (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/4181)
+
+- Fix a soundness issue that could be triggered by calling ensures fresh in the post-condition of a constructor (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/4700)
+
+- Ability to cast a datatype to its trait when overriding functions (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/4823)
+
+- Fix crash that could occur when using a constructor in a match pattern where a tuple was expected (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/4860)
+
+- No longer emit an incorrect internal error while waiting for verification message (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5209)
+
+- More helpful error messages when read fields not mentioned in reads clauses (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5262)
+
+- Check datatype constructors for bad type-parameter instantiations (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5278)
+
+- Avoid name clashes with Go built-in modules (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5283)
+
+- Invalid Python code for nested set and map comprehensions (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5287)
+
+- Stop incorrectly emitting the error message "Dafny encountered an internal error while waiting for this symbol to verify" (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5295)
+
+- Rename the `dafny generate-tests` option `--coverage-report` to `--expected-coverage-report` (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5301)
+
+- Stop giving an incorrect warning about a missing {:axiom} clause on an opaque constant. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5306)
+
+- No new resolver crash when datatype update expressions are partially resolved (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5331)
+
+- Optional pre-type won't cause a crash anymore (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5369)
+
+- Unguarded enumeration of bound variables in set and map comprehensions (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5402)
+
+- Reference the correct `this` after removing the tail call of a function or method (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5474)
+
+- Apply name mangling to datatype names in Python more often (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5476)
+
+- Only guard `this` when eliminating tail calls, if possible (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5524)
+
+- Compiled disjunctive nested pattern matching no longer crashing (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5572)
+
+# 4.6.0
+
+## New features
+
+- Add a check to `dafny run` that notifies the user when a value that was parsed as a user program argument, and which occurs before a `--` token, starts with `--`, since this indicates they probably mistyped a Dafny option name. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5097)
+
+- Add an option --progress that can be used to track the progress of verification. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5150)
+
+- Add the attribute `{:isolate_assertions}`, which does the same as `{:vcs_split_on_every_assert}`. Deprecated `{:vcs_split_on_every_assert}` (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5247)
+
+## Bug fixes
+
+- (soundness issue) Twostate predicate now check if their not new arguments are allocated in the previous heap (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/4844)
+
+- Add uniform checking of type characteristics in refinement modules (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5146)
+
+- Fixed links associated with the standard libraries. (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5176)
+
+- fix: Disable the "erase datatype wrappers" optimization if the datatype implements any traits.
+  feat: Allow the "erase datatype wrappers" optimization if the only fields in the datatype are ghost fields.
+  (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5234)
+
+- Fix the default string value emitted for JavaScript (https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/5239)
+
 # 4.5.0
 
 ## New features
diff --git a/Scripts/prepare_release.py b/Scripts/prepare_release.py
index 1c6823e9bc1..bb625bb63c0 100755
--- a/Scripts/prepare_release.py
+++ b/Scripts/prepare_release.py
@@ -322,6 +322,18 @@ def _push_release_branch(self):
             self.REMOTE, f"{self.release_branch_path}:{self.release_branch_path}",
             check=True)
 
+    def set_next_version(self):
+        assert_one(f"Is {self.version} a valid version number?",
+                   self._parse_vernum)
+        assert_one(f"Can we find `{self.build_props_path}`?",
+                   self._build_props_file_exists)
+        assert_one(f"Can we parse `{self.build_props_path}`?",
+                   self._build_props_file_parses)
+        assert_one(f"Can we create a section for `{self.version}` in `{self.release_notes_md_path}`?",
+                   self._version_number_is_fresh)
+        run_one(f"Updating `{self.build_props_path}`...",
+                self._update_build_props_file)
+
     # Still TODO:
     # - Run deep test as part of release workflow
 
@@ -430,7 +442,7 @@ def parse_arguments() -> argparse.Namespace:
     parser.add_argument("--source-branch", help="Which branch to release from (optional, defaults to 'master')", default="master")
     parser.add_argument("version", help="Version number for this release (A.B.C-xyz)")
     parser.add_argument("action", help="Which part of the release process to run",
-                        choices=["prepare", "release"])
+                        choices=["prepare", "release", "set-next-version"])
     return parser.parse_args()
 
 def main() -> None:
@@ -438,6 +450,7 @@ def main() -> None:
     try:
         release = (DryRunRelease if args.dry_run else Release)(args.version, args.source_branch)
         {"prepare": release.prepare,
+         "set-next-version": release.set_next_version,
          "release": release.release}[args.action]()
     except CannotReleaseError:
         sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/Scripts/quicktest.sh b/Scripts/quicktest.sh
index ae8053131b4..4909759f8e7 100755
--- a/Scripts/quicktest.sh
+++ b/Scripts/quicktest.sh
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ $DAFNY build -t:go c.dfy | diff - $tmp || exit 1
 (cd c-go; GO111MODULE=auto GOPATH=`pwd` go run src/c.go) | diff - $tmpx || exit 1
 echo Building with Python
 $DAFNY build -t:py c.dfy | diff - $tmp || exit 1
-python c-py/c.py | diff - $tmpx || exit 1
+python c-py/__main__.py | diff - $tmpx || exit 1
 echo Building with Rust
 $DAFNY build -t:rs c.dfy | diff - $tmp || exit 1
 ./c-rust/target/debug/c | diff - $tmpx || exit 1
diff --git a/Source/AutoExtern.Test/Tutorial/ClientApp/GroceryListPrinter.dfy.expect b/Source/AutoExtern.Test/Tutorial/ClientApp/GroceryListPrinter.dfy.expect
index 03a358a4c2b..44366de2ee0 100644
--- a/Source/AutoExtern.Test/Tutorial/ClientApp/GroceryListPrinter.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/AutoExtern.Test/Tutorial/ClientApp/GroceryListPrinter.dfy.expect
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ Warning: this way of using the CLI is deprecated. Use 'dafny --help' to see help
 
 Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
 Wrote textual form of target program to GroceryListPrinter.cs
+Additional output written to GroceryListPrinter-cs.dtr
 # Printing a grocery list
    (2 items in the list)
 ## Apple: 3 @ 1.00
diff --git a/Source/Dafny/Dafny.csproj b/Source/Dafny/Dafny.csproj
index 0ac53285657..ff383440c30 100644
--- a/Source/Dafny/Dafny.csproj
+++ b/Source/Dafny/Dafny.csproj
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
       <GenerateAssemblyInfo>true</GenerateAssemblyInfo>
       <DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
       <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+      <RollForward>Major</RollForward>
       <OutputPath>..\..\Binaries\</OutputPath>
       <ValidateExecutableReferencesMatchSelfContained>false</ValidateExecutableReferencesMatchSelfContained>
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyBenchmarkingPlugin/DafnyBenchmarkingPlugin.csproj b/Source/DafnyBenchmarkingPlugin/DafnyBenchmarkingPlugin.csproj
index d10cb4ca84e..9cf987817bc 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyBenchmarkingPlugin/DafnyBenchmarkingPlugin.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyBenchmarkingPlugin/DafnyBenchmarkingPlugin.csproj
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
     <PropertyGroup>
         <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+        <RollForward>Major</RollForward>
         <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
         <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
         <OutputPath>..\..\Binaries\</OutputPath>
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore.Test/ClonerTest.cs b/Source/DafnyCore.Test/ClonerTest.cs
index eac50ae3280..5d7d645b769 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore.Test/ClonerTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore.Test/ClonerTest.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using Microsoft.Dafny;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 using Tomlyn;
 
 namespace DafnyCore.Test;
@@ -13,6 +14,11 @@ public DummyDecl(Cloner cloner, Declaration original) : base(cloner, original) {
     public DummyDecl(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, Attributes attributes, bool isRefining) : base(rangeToken, name,
       attributes, isRefining) {
     }
+
+    public override SymbolKind? Kind => null;
+    public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
+      return "";
+    }
   }
 
   [Fact]
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore.Test/DafnyProjectTest.cs b/Source/DafnyCore.Test/DafnyProjectTest.cs
index ffc1167bcb6..891e2ecc38e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore.Test/DafnyProjectTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore.Test/DafnyProjectTest.cs
@@ -6,25 +6,22 @@ public class DafnyProjectTest {
   [Fact]
   public void Equality() {
     var randomFileName = Path.GetTempFileName();
-    var first = new DafnyProject() {
-      Uri = new Uri(randomFileName, UriKind.Absolute),
-      Includes = new[] { "a", "a2" },
-      Excludes = new[] { "b", "b2" },
-      Options = new Dictionary<string, object>() {
+    var first = new DafnyProject(new Uri(randomFileName, UriKind.Absolute), null,
+      new[] { "a", "a2" }.ToHashSet(),
+      new[] { "b", "b2" }.ToHashSet(), new Dictionary<string, object>() {
         { "c", "d" },
         { "e", "f" }
       }
-    };
+    );
 
-    var second = new DafnyProject() {
-      Uri = new Uri(randomFileName, UriKind.Absolute),
-      Includes = new[] { "a2", "a" },
-      Excludes = new[] { "b2", "b" },
-      Options = new Dictionary<string, object>() {
+    var second = new DafnyProject(new Uri(randomFileName, UriKind.Absolute), null,
+      new[] { "a2", "a" }.ToHashSet(),
+      new[] { "b2", "b" }.ToHashSet(),
+      new Dictionary<string, object>() {
         { "e", "f" },
         { "c", "d" },
       }
-    };
+    );
 
     Assert.Equal(first, second);
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedDafnyTest.cs b/Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedDafnyTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..72600e6f7c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedDafnyTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+using Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+namespace DafnyCore.Test;
+
+public class GeneratedDafnyTest {
+  [Fact]
+  public void TestDafnyGeneratedCode() {
+    DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestExpr();
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedFromDafny/DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage_RASTCoverage.cs b/Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedFromDafny/DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage_RASTCoverage.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8319b008012
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedFromDafny/DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage_RASTCoverage.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static void TestExpr()
+    {
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestOptimizeToString();
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestPrintingInfo();
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoExtraSemicolonAfter();
+      FactorPathsOptimizationTest.__default.TestApply();
+    }
+    public static void TestNoOptimize(RAST._IExpr e)
+    {
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr ConversionNum(RAST._IType t, RAST._IExpr x)
+    {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_Call(RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromPath(RAST.Path.create_PMemberSelect(RAST.Path.create_PMemberSelect(RAST.Path.create_Global(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("dafny_runtime")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("truncate!"))), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(x, RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromType(t)));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr DafnyIntLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s) {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_Call(RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromPath(RAST.Path.create_PMemberSelect(RAST.__default.dafny__runtime, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("int!"))), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("1"))));
+    }
+    public static void TestOptimizeToString()
+    {
+      RAST._IExpr _0_x;
+      _0_x = RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"));
+      RAST._IExpr _1_y;
+      _1_y = RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("y"));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), RAST.Expr.create_Call(RAST.Expr.create_Select(_0_x, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("clone")), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()), DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())).Optimize(), RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), _0_x, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), RAST.Expr.create_Call(RAST.Expr.create_Select(_0_x, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("clone")), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_1_y)), DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat()));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"), RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=="), _0_x, _1_y, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat()), DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_CombineFormat())).Optimize(), RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!="), _0_x, _1_y, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"), RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _0_x, _1_y, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat()), DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_CombineFormat())).Optimize(), RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">="), _0_x, _1_y, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"), RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _0_x, _1_y, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_ReverseFormat()), DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_CombineFormat())).Optimize(), RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<="), _1_y, _0_x, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.ConversionNum(RAST.Type.create_I128(), DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.DafnyIntLiteral(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("1")))).Optimize(), RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("1"))));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.ConversionNum(RAST.Type.create_I128(), _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("z"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I128()), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None()), RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.__default.AssignVar(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("z"), _1_y), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return"))))).Optimize(), RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("z"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I128()), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_1_y)), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return")))));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("z"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I128()), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None()), RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.__default.AssignVar(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("w"), _1_y), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return")))));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(_0_x);
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(_0_x, _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_Match(_0_x, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements()), _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_StructBuild(_0_x, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements()), _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_Tuple(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()), _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), _0_x, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat()), _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&&"), _0_x, _0_x, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat()), _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription(_0_x, RAST.Type.create_I128()), _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("1")), _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("2"), true, false), _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.TestNoOptimize(RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("3"), false, true), _0_x));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("z"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I128()), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None()), RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.__default.AssignVar(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("z"), _1_y), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return"))))).Optimize(), RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("z"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I128()), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_1_y)), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return")))));
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _2_coverageExpression;
+      _2_coverageExpression = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc")), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), RAST.Expr.create_Match(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(RAST.MatchCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"))))), RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("panic!()")), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("a"))), RAST.Expr.create_Block(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"))), RAST.Expr.create_StructBuild(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("dummy")), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("foo"), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("bar"))))), RAST.Expr.create_StructBuild(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("dummy")), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("foo"), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("bar"))), RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("foo2"), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("bar"))))), RAST.Expr.create_Tuple(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")))), RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("-"), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat()), RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("+"), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("y")), DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat()), RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), RAST.Type.create_I128()), RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("322")), RAST.Expr.create_LiteralString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), true, false), RAST.Expr.create_LiteralString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), false, true), RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I128()), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None()), RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_CONST(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")))), RAST.__default.AssignVar(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"))), RAST.Expr.create_IfExpr(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"))), RAST.Expr.create_Loop(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"))), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"))), RAST.Expr.create_For(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"))), RAST.Expr.create_Labelled(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"))), RAST.Expr.create_Break(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None()), RAST.Expr.create_Break(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("l"))), RAST.Expr.create_Continue(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None()), RAST.Expr.create_Continue(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("l"))), RAST.Expr.create_Return(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None()), RAST.Expr.create_Return(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")))), RAST.Expr.create_Call(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()), RAST.Expr.create_Call(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("y")))), RAST.Expr.create_CallType(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_I128(), RAST.Type.create_U32())), RAST.Expr.create_Select(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc")), RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromPath(RAST.Path.create_PMemberSelect(RAST.Path.create_Crate(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"))), RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromPath(RAST.Path.create_PMemberSelect(RAST.Path.create_Global(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"))));
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((_2_coverageExpression).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _3_i = BigInteger.Zero; _3_i < _hi0; _3_i++) {
+        RAST._IExpr _4_c;
+        _4_c = (_2_coverageExpression).Select(_3_i);
+        RAST._IPrintingInfo _5___v0;
+        _5___v0 = (_4_c).printingInfo;
+        RAST._IExpr _6___v1;
+        _6___v1 = (_4_c).Optimize();
+        Dafny.IMap<RAST._IExpr,Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _7___v2;
+        _7___v2 = Dafny.Map<RAST._IExpr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<RAST._IExpr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(_4_c, (_4_c)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))));
+        RAST._IExpr _8___v3;
+        _8___v3 = (RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I128()), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None()), _4_c)).Optimize();
+        RAST._IExpr _9___v4;
+        _9___v4 = (RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I128()), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None()), RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.__default.AssignVar(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), _4_c), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))))).Optimize();
+        RAST._IExpr _10___v5;
+        _10___v5 = (RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), _4_c, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())).Optimize();
+        RAST._IExpr _11___v6;
+        _11___v6 = (RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"), _4_c, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())).Optimize();
+        RAST._IExpr _12___v7;
+        _12___v7 = (DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.ConversionNum(RAST.Type.create_U8(), _4_c)).Optimize();
+        RAST._IExpr _13___v8;
+        _13___v8 = (DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.ConversionNum(RAST.Type.create_U8(), RAST.Expr.create_Call(_4_c, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()))).Optimize();
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _14___v9;
+        _14___v9 = (_4_c).RightMostIdentifier();
+      }
+    }
+    public static void TestPrintingInfo()
+    {
+      RAST._IExpr _0_x;
+      _0_x = RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"));
+      RAST._IExpr _1_y;
+      _1_y = RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("y"));
+      DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat _2_bnf;
+      _2_bnf = DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat();
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(((RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"))).printingInfo).is_UnknownPrecedence);
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((_0_x).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(BigInteger.One)));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("3"))).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(BigInteger.One)));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_LiteralString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abc"), true, false)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(BigInteger.One)));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("?"), _0_x, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_SuffixPrecedence(new BigInteger(5))));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("-"), _0_x, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(new BigInteger(6))));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*"), _0_x, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(new BigInteger(6))));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"), _0_x, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(new BigInteger(6))));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), _0_x, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(new BigInteger(6))));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut"), _0_x, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(new BigInteger(6))));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!!"), _0_x, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_UnknownPrecedence()));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_Select(_0_x, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("name"))).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(2), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromPath(RAST.Path.create_PMemberSelect(RAST.Path.create_Global(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("name")))).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(new BigInteger(2))));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_Call(_0_x, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements())).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(2), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription(_0_x, RAST.Type.create_I128())).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(10), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(20), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(20), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("%"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(20), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("+"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(30), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("-"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(30), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<<"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(40), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">>"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(40), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(50), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("^"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(60), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("|"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(70), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(80), RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(80), RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(80), RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(80), RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(80), RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(80), RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&&"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(90), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("||"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(100), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".."), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("..="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("+="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("-="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("%="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("|="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("^="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<<="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">>="), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("?!?"), _0_x, _1_y, _2_bnf)).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(BigInteger.Zero, RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses())));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(object.Equals((RAST.Expr.create_Break(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None())).printingInfo, RAST.PrintingInfo.create_UnknownPrecedence()));
+    }
+    public static void AssertCoverage(bool x)
+    {
+    }
+    public static void TestNoExtraSemicolonAfter()
+    {
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage((RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"))).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(!((RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("a"))).NoExtraSemicolonAfter()));
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage((RAST.Expr.create_Return(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None())).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage((RAST.Expr.create_Continue(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None())).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage((RAST.Expr.create_Break(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None())).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage((RAST.__default.AssignVar(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("y")))).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage((RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None())).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage.__default.AssertCoverage(!((RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"))).NoExtraSemicolonAfter()));
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage.RASTCoverage
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedFromDafny/FactorPathsOptimizationTest.cs b/Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedFromDafny/FactorPathsOptimizationTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..619b9656ad7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore.Test/GeneratedFromDafny/FactorPathsOptimizationTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace FactorPathsOptimizationTest {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static void ShouldBeEqual(RAST._IMod a, RAST._IMod b)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_sA;
+      _0_sA = (a)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_sB;
+      _1_sB = (b)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+      if (!(_0_sA).Equals(_1_sB)) {
+        Dafny.Helpers.Print((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Got:\n"), _0_sA), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"))).ToVerbatimString(false));
+        Dafny.Helpers.Print((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Expected:\n"), _1_sB), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"))).ToVerbatimString(false));
+        if (!((_0_sA).Equals(_1_sB))) {
+          throw new Dafny.HaltException("Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-path-simplification.dfy(12,6): " + Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("expectation violation").ToVerbatimString(false));}
+      }
+    }
+    public static void TestApply()
+    {
+      RAST._ITypeParamDecl _0_T__Decl;
+      _0_T__Decl = RAST.TypeParamDecl.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("T"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.DafnyType));
+      RAST._ITypeParamDecl _1_T__Decl__simp;
+      _1_T__Decl__simp = RAST.TypeParamDecl.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("T"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyType"))));
+      RAST._IType _2_T;
+      _2_T = RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("T"));
+      RAST._IPath _3_std__any__Any;
+      _3_std__any__Any = (((RAST.__default.@global).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("std"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("any"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Any"));
+      RAST._IType _4_Any;
+      _4_Any = RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Any"));
+      FactorPathsOptimizationTest.__default.ShouldBeEqual(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<RAST._IMod, RAST._IMod>>(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.apply(RAST.__default.crate))(RAST.Mod.create_Mod(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("onemodule"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_StructDecl(RAST.Struct.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("test"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_0_T__Decl), RAST.Fields.create_NamedFields(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.FromElements(RAST.Field.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("a"), (_3_std__any__Any).AsType())))))), RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_Impl(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_0_T__Decl), (RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("test"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_2_T)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements())), RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_0_T__Decl), (_3_std__any__Any).AsType(), ((((RAST.__default.crate).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("onemodule"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("test"))).AsType()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_2_T)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements()))))), RAST.Mod.create_Mod(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("onemodule"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_UseDecl(RAST.Use.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyType")))), RAST.ModDecl.create_UseDecl(RAST.Use.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), _3_std__any__Any)), RAST.ModDecl.create_StructDecl(RAST.Struct.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("test"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_1_T__Decl__simp), RAST.Fields.create_NamedFields(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.FromElements(RAST.Field.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("a"), _4_Any)))))), RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_Impl(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_1_T__Decl__simp), (RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("test"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_2_T)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements())), RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_1_T__Decl__simp), _4_Any, (RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("test"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_2_T)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements())))));
+      FactorPathsOptimizationTest.__default.ShouldBeEqual(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<RAST._IMod, RAST._IMod>>(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.apply(RAST.__default.crate))(RAST.Mod.create_Mod(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("onemodule"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_0_T__Decl), (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("UpcastObject"))).AsType()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")))), (RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("test"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_2_T)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements()))))), RAST.Mod.create_Mod(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("onemodule"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_UseDecl(RAST.Use.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyType")))), RAST.ModDecl.create_UseDecl(RAST.Use.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("UpcastObject")))), RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_1_T__Decl__simp), (RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("UpcastObject"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x")))), (RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("test"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_2_T)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements())))));
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace FactorPathsOptimizationTest
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/AstVisitor.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/AstVisitor.cs
index f9922cd68ea..cf1388b50d9 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/AstVisitor.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/AstVisitor.cs
@@ -136,12 +136,12 @@ public virtual void VisitFunction(Function function) {
 
       VisitAttributes(function, function.EnclosingClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition);
 
-      foreach (var formal in function.Formals) {
+      foreach (var formal in function.Ins) {
         VisitUserProvidedType(formal.Type, context);
       }
       VisitUserProvidedType(function.ResultType, context);
 
-      VisitDefaultParameterValues(function.Formals, context);
+      VisitDefaultParameterValues(function.Ins, context);
 
       function.Req.ForEach(aexpr => VisitAttributedExpression(aexpr, context));
 
@@ -328,12 +328,12 @@ protected virtual void VisitStatement(Statement stmt, VisitorContext context) {
         // Visit user-provided types
         if (stmt is VarDeclStmt varDeclStmt) {
           foreach (var local in varDeclStmt.Locals) {
-            VisitUserProvidedType(local.OptionalType, context);
+            VisitUserProvidedType(local.SyntacticType, context);
           }
 
         } else if (stmt is VarDeclPattern varDeclPattern) {
           foreach (var local in varDeclPattern.LocalVars) {
-            VisitUserProvidedType(local.OptionalType, context);
+            VisitUserProvidedType(local.SyntacticType, context);
           }
 
         } else if (stmt is AssignStmt assignStmt) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Cloner.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Cloner.cs
index 36fef7059bc..d42e6358abc 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Cloner.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Cloner.cs
@@ -86,12 +86,13 @@ public virtual TopLevelDecl CloneDeclaration(TopLevelDecl d, ModuleDefinition ne
       } else if (d is NewtypeDecl) {
         var dd = (NewtypeDecl)d;
         if (dd.Var == null) {
-          return new NewtypeDecl(Range(dd.RangeToken), dd.NameNode.Clone(this), newParent, CloneType(dd.BaseType),
+          return new NewtypeDecl(Range(dd.RangeToken), dd.NameNode.Clone(this), dd.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(CloneTypeParam), newParent,
+            CloneType(dd.BaseType), dd.WitnessKind, CloneExpr(dd.Witness),
             dd.ParentTraits.ConvertAll(CloneType),
             dd.Members.ConvertAll(d => CloneMember(d, false)), CloneAttributes(dd.Attributes), dd.IsRefining);
         } else {
-          return new NewtypeDecl(Range(dd.RangeToken), dd.NameNode.Clone(this), newParent, CloneBoundVar(dd.Var, false),
-            CloneExpr(dd.Constraint), dd.WitnessKind, CloneExpr(dd.Witness),
+          return new NewtypeDecl(Range(dd.RangeToken), dd.NameNode.Clone(this), dd.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(CloneTypeParam), newParent,
+            CloneBoundVar(dd.Var, false), CloneExpr(dd.Constraint), dd.WitnessKind, CloneExpr(dd.Witness),
             dd.ParentTraits.ConvertAll(CloneType),
             dd.Members.ConvertAll(d => CloneMember(d, false)), CloneAttributes(dd.Attributes), dd.IsRefining);
         }
@@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ public DatatypeCtor CloneCtor(DatatypeCtor ct) {
     public TypeParameter CloneTypeParam(TypeParameter tp) {
       return (TypeParameter)typeParameterClones.GetOrCreate(tp,
         () => new TypeParameter(Range(tp.RangeToken), tp.NameNode.Clone(this), tp.VarianceSyntax,
-          CloneTPChar(tp.Characteristics)));
+          CloneTPChar(tp.Characteristics), tp.TypeBounds.ConvertAll(CloneType)));
     }
 
     public virtual MemberDecl CloneMember(MemberDecl member, bool isReference) {
@@ -517,7 +518,7 @@ public virtual Field CloneField(Field f) {
 
     public virtual Function CloneFunction(Function f, string newName = null) {
       var tps = f.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(CloneTypeParam);
-      var formals = f.Formals.ConvertAll(p => CloneFormal(p, false));
+      var formals = f.Ins.ConvertAll(p => CloneFormal(p, false));
       var result = f.Result != null ? CloneFormal(f.Result, false) : null;
       var req = f.Req.ConvertAll(CloneAttributedExpr);
       var reads = CloneSpecFrameExpr(f.Reads);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/CompilationData.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/CompilationData.cs
index 45f9c30a283..d6a4508b230 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/CompilationData.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/CompilationData.cs
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public class CompilationData {
-  public readonly FreshIdGenerator IdGenerator = new();
-
   public CompilationData(ErrorReporter errorReporter, List<Include> includes, IList<Uri> rootSourceUris, ISet<Uri> alreadyVerifiedRoots, ISet<Uri> alreadyCompiledRoots) {
     Includes = includes;
     ErrorReporter = errorReporter;
@@ -28,4 +27,6 @@ public CompilationData(ErrorReporter errorReporter, List<Include> includes, ILis
   // TODO move to DocumentAfterParsing once that's used by the CLI
   [FilledInDuringResolution]
   public ISet<Uri> UrisToCompile;
+
+  public TranslationRecord AlreadyTranslatedRecord { get; set; }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Applications/FunctionCallExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Applications/FunctionCallExpr.cs
index aadb24fcdcc..b2fd5b53536 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Applications/FunctionCallExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Applications/FunctionCallExpr.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class FunctionCallExpr : Expression, IHasUsages, ICloneable<FunctionCallExpr> {
+public class FunctionCallExpr : Expression, IHasReferences, ICloneable<FunctionCallExpr> {
   public string Name;
   public readonly Expression Receiver;
   public readonly IToken OpenParen;  // can be null if Args.Count == 0
@@ -144,9 +144,9 @@ public override IEnumerable<Expression> SubExpressions {
   }
 
   public override IEnumerable<Type> ComponentTypes => Util.Concat(TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass, TypeApplication_JustFunction);
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
     return Enumerable.Repeat(Function, 1);
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Applications/MemberSelectExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Applications/MemberSelectExpr.cs
index b8b27eb640b..0d5466b02fd 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Applications/MemberSelectExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Applications/MemberSelectExpr.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class MemberSelectExpr : Expression, IHasUsages, ICloneable<MemberSelectExpr> {
+public class MemberSelectExpr : Expression, IHasReferences, ICloneable<MemberSelectExpr> {
   public readonly Expression Obj;
   public string MemberName;
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public MemberDecl Member;    // will be a Field or Function
@@ -15,25 +15,25 @@ public class MemberSelectExpr : Expression, IHasUsages, ICloneable<MemberSelectE
   /// PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass is the list of type arguments used to instantiate the type that
   /// declares Member (which is some supertype of the receiver type).
   /// </summary>
-  [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<PreType> PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass;
+  [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<PreType> PreTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass;
 
   /// <summary>
   /// PreTypeApplication_JustMember is the list of type arguments used to instantiate the type parameters
   /// of Member.
   /// </summary>
-  [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<PreType> PreTypeApplication_JustMember;
+  [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<PreType> PreTypeApplicationJustMember;
 
   /// <summary>
   /// TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass is the list of type arguments used to instantiate the type that
   /// declares Member (which is some supertype of the receiver type).
   /// </summary>
-  [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<Type> TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass;
+  [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<Type> TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass;
 
   /// <summary>
   /// TypeApplication_JustMember is the list of type arguments used to instantiate the type parameters
   /// of Member.
   /// </summary>
-  [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<Type> TypeApplication_JustMember;
+  [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<Type> TypeApplicationJustMember;
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Returns a mapping from formal type parameters to actual type arguments. For example, given
@@ -54,21 +54,21 @@ public Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> TypeArgumentSubstitutionsAtMemberDeclarat
 
     // Add the mappings from the member's own type parameters
     if (Member is ICallable icallable) {
-      Contract.Assert(TypeApplication_JustMember.Count == icallable.TypeArgs.Count);
+      Contract.Assert(TypeApplicationJustMember.Count == icallable.TypeArgs.Count);
       for (var i = 0; i < icallable.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
-        subst.Add(icallable.TypeArgs[i], TypeApplication_JustMember[i]);
+        subst.Add(icallable.TypeArgs[i], TypeApplicationJustMember[i]);
       }
     } else {
-      Contract.Assert(TypeApplication_JustMember.Count == 0);
+      Contract.Assert(TypeApplicationJustMember.Count == 0);
     }
 
     // Add the mappings from the enclosing class.
     TopLevelDecl cl = Member.EnclosingClass;
     // Expand the type down to its non-null type, if any
     if (cl != null) {
-      Contract.Assert(cl.TypeArgs.Count == TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.Count);
+      Contract.Assert(cl.TypeArgs.Count == TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.Count);
       for (var i = 0; i < cl.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
-        subst.Add(cl.TypeArgs[i], TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass[i]);
+        subst.Add(cl.TypeArgs[i], TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass[i]);
       }
     }
 
@@ -94,21 +94,21 @@ public Dictionary<TypeParameter, PreType> PreTypeArgumentSubstitutionsAtMemberDe
 
     // Add the mappings from the member's own type parameters
     if (Member is ICallable icallable) {
-      Contract.Assert(PreTypeApplication_JustMember.Count == icallable.TypeArgs.Count);
+      Contract.Assert(PreTypeApplicationJustMember.Count == icallable.TypeArgs.Count);
       for (var i = 0; i < icallable.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
-        subst.Add(icallable.TypeArgs[i], PreTypeApplication_JustMember[i]);
+        subst.Add(icallable.TypeArgs[i], PreTypeApplicationJustMember[i]);
       }
     } else {
-      Contract.Assert(PreTypeApplication_JustMember.Count == 0);
+      Contract.Assert(PreTypeApplicationJustMember.Count == 0);
     }
 
     // Add the mappings from the enclosing class.
     TopLevelDecl cl = Member.EnclosingClass;
     // Expand the type down to its non-null type, if any
     if (cl != null) {
-      Contract.Assert(cl.TypeArgs.Count == PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.Count);
+      Contract.Assert(cl.TypeArgs.Count == PreTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.Count);
       for (var i = 0; i < cl.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
-        subst.Add(cl.TypeArgs[i], PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass[i]);
+        subst.Add(cl.TypeArgs[i], PreTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass[i]);
       }
     }
 
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents() {
     Contract.Requires(WasResolved());
     Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type>>() != null);
 
-    return TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParentsAux(Obj.Type, Member, TypeApplication_JustMember);
+    return TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParentsAux(Obj.Type, Member, TypeApplicationJustMember);
   }
 
   public static Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParentsAux(Type receiverType, MemberDecl member, List<Type> typeApplicationMember) {
@@ -193,8 +193,8 @@ public static Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParen
   void ObjectInvariant() {
     Contract.Invariant(Obj != null);
     Contract.Invariant(MemberName != null);
-    Contract.Invariant((Member != null) == (TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass != null));  // TypeApplication_* are set whenever Member is set
-    Contract.Invariant((Member != null) == (TypeApplication_JustMember != null));  // TypeApplication_* are set whenever Member is set
+    Contract.Invariant((Member != null) == (TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass != null));  // TypeApplication_* are set whenever Member is set
+    Contract.Invariant((Member != null) == (TypeApplicationJustMember != null));  // TypeApplication_* are set whenever Member is set
   }
 
   public MemberSelectExpr Clone(Cloner cloner) {
@@ -209,8 +209,8 @@ public MemberSelectExpr(Cloner cloner, MemberSelectExpr original) : base(cloner,
       Member = cloner.CloneMember(original.Member, true);
       AtLabel = original.AtLabel;
       InCompiledContext = original.InCompiledContext;
-      TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = original.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass;
-      TypeApplication_JustMember = original.TypeApplication_JustMember;
+      TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = original.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass;
+      TypeApplicationJustMember = original.TypeApplicationJustMember;
     }
   }
 
@@ -236,17 +236,16 @@ public MemberSelectExpr(IToken tok, Expression obj, Field field)
     this.Member = field;  // resolve here
 
     var receiverType = obj.Type.NormalizeExpand();
-    this.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = receiverType.TypeArgs;
-    this.TypeApplication_JustMember = new List<Type>();
-    this.ResolvedOutparameterTypes = new List<Type>();
+    this.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = receiverType.TypeArgs;
+    this.TypeApplicationJustMember = new List<Type>();
 
     var typeMap = new Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type>();
     if (receiverType is UserDefinedType udt) {
       var cl = udt.ResolvedClass as TopLevelDeclWithMembers;
       Contract.Assert(cl != null);
-      Contract.Assert(cl.TypeArgs.Count == TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.Count);
+      Contract.Assert(cl.TypeArgs.Count == TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.Count);
       for (var i = 0; i < cl.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
-        typeMap.Add(cl.TypeArgs[i], TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass[i]);
+        typeMap.Add(cl.TypeArgs[i], TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass[i]);
       }
       foreach (var entry in cl.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals) {
         var v = entry.Value.Subst(typeMap);
@@ -255,9 +254,9 @@ public MemberSelectExpr(IToken tok, Expression obj, Field field)
     } else if (field.EnclosingClass == null) {
       // leave typeMap as the empty substitution
     } else {
-      Contract.Assert(field.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.Count == TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.Count);
+      Contract.Assert(field.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.Count == TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.Count);
       for (var i = 0; i < field.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
-        typeMap.Add(field.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs[i], TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass[i]);
+        typeMap.Add(field.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs[i], TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass[i]);
       }
     }
     this.Type = field.Type.Subst(typeMap);  // resolve here
@@ -290,13 +289,13 @@ public override IEnumerable<Expression> SubExpressions {
     get { yield return Obj; }
   }
 
-  public override IEnumerable<Type> ComponentTypes => Util.Concat(TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass, TypeApplication_JustMember);
+  public override IEnumerable<Type> ComponentTypes => Util.Concat(TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass, TypeApplicationJustMember);
 
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<Type> ResolvedOutparameterTypes;
 
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
     return new[] { Member };
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchCaseExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchCaseExpr.cs
index 603ec190c30..8ed0207b4b5 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchCaseExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchCaseExpr.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -35,4 +36,10 @@ public void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver,
       resolver.ConstrainSubtypeRelation(resultType, Body.Type, Body.tok, "type of case bodies do not agree (found {0}, previous types {1})", Body.Type, resultType);
     }
   }
+
+  public override string ToString() {
+    var writer = new StringWriter();
+    new Printer(writer, DafnyOptions.Default).PrintNestedMatchCase(false, false, this, false, false);
+    return writer.ToString();
+  }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchExpr.cs
index f362acdd8dd..d5e5e2e4c23 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchExpr.cs
@@ -8,12 +8,16 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 interface INestedMatch : INode {
   Expression Source { get; }
   string MatchTypeName { get; }
+  IReadOnlyList<NestedMatchCase> Cases { get; }
 }
 
 public class NestedMatchExpr : Expression, ICloneable<NestedMatchExpr>, ICanFormat, INestedMatch {
   public Expression Source { get; }
   public string MatchTypeName => "expression";
-  public readonly List<NestedMatchCaseExpr> Cases;
+  public List<NestedMatchCaseExpr> Cases { get; }
+
+  IReadOnlyList<NestedMatchCase> INestedMatch.Cases => Cases;
+
   public readonly bool UsesOptionalBraces;
   public Attributes Attributes;
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchStmt.cs
index ecd4c7f0e33..68a6cf14c09 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/NestedMatchStmt.cs
@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 public class NestedMatchStmt : Statement, ICloneable<NestedMatchStmt>, ICanFormat, INestedMatch, ICanResolve {
   public Expression Source { get; }
   public string MatchTypeName => "statement";
-  public readonly List<NestedMatchCaseStmt> Cases;
+  public List<NestedMatchCaseStmt> Cases { get; }
+
+  IReadOnlyList<NestedMatchCase> INestedMatch.Cases => Cases;
+
   public readonly bool UsesOptionalBraces;
 
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public Statement Flattened { get; set; }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/Patterns/ExtendedPattern.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/Patterns/ExtendedPattern.cs
index e745cb7fc71..553d85e5100 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/Patterns/ExtendedPattern.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/Patterns/ExtendedPattern.cs
@@ -97,14 +97,13 @@ public void CheckLinearExtendedPattern(Type type, ResolutionContext resolutionCo
       Contract.Assert(tupleTypeDecl.Ctors[0] == tupleTypeDecl.GroundingCtor);
       idpat.Ctor = tupleTypeDecl.GroundingCtor;
 
-      //We expect the number of arguments in the type of the matchee and the provided pattern to match, except if the pattern is a bound variable
-      if (udt.TypeArgs.Count != idpat.Arguments.Count) {
+      if (idpat.Id != tupleTypeDecl.GroundingCtor.Name) {
         if (idpat.Id.StartsWith(SystemModuleManager.TupleTypeCtorNamePrefix)) {
           resolver.reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, this.Tok,
             $"the case pattern is a {idpat.Arguments.Count}-element tuple, while the match expression is a {udt.TypeArgs.Count}-element tuple");
         } else {
-          resolver.reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, this.Tok,
-            $"case pattern {idpat.Id} has {idpat.Arguments.Count} arguments whereas the match expression has {udt.TypeArgs.Count}");
+          resolver.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, idpat.Tok,
+            $"found constructor {idpat.Id} but expected a {tupleTypeDecl.Dims}-tuple");
         }
       }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/Patterns/IdPattern.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/Patterns/IdPattern.cs
index 4d444832148..fd31b87de28 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/Patterns/IdPattern.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/Patterns/IdPattern.cs
@@ -1,29 +1,30 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
-using System.Security.AccessControl;
-using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Syntax;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class IdPattern : ExtendedPattern, IHasUsages {
+public class IdPattern : ExtendedPattern, IHasReferences {
   public bool HasParenthesis { get; }
   public String Id;
   public PreType PreType;
   public Type Type; // This is the syntactic type, ExtendedPatterns disappear during resolution.
-  public IVariable BoundVar { get; set; }
+
+  public IVariable BoundVar { get; set; } // Only set if there are no arguments
+
   public List<ExtendedPattern> Arguments; // null if just an identifier; possibly empty argument list if a constructor call
   public LiteralExpr ResolvedLit; // null if just an identifier
   [FilledInDuringResolution]
   public DatatypeCtor Ctor;
 
   public bool IsWildcardPattern =>
-    Arguments == null && Id.StartsWith("_");
+    Arguments == null && Id.StartsWith(WildcardString);
 
   public bool IsWildcardExact =>
-    Arguments == null && Id == "_";
+    Arguments == null && Id == WildcardString;
+
+  public const string WildcardString = "_";
 
   public void MakeAConstructor() {
     this.Arguments = new List<ExtendedPattern>();
@@ -129,11 +130,11 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver, ResolutionContext resoluti
     }
   }
 
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
-    return new IDeclarationOrUsage[] { Ctor }.Where(x => x != null);
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
+    return new ISymbol[] { Ctor }.Where(x => x != null);
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => Tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => Tok;
 
   public void CheckLinearVarPattern(Type type, ResolutionContext resolutionContext, ModuleResolver resolver) {
     if (Arguments != null) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/TernaryExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/TernaryExpr.cs
index 4483e88214d..e91962963ac 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/TernaryExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Conditional/TernaryExpr.cs
@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ public class TernaryExpr : Expression, ICloneable<TernaryExpr> {
   public readonly Expression E0;
   public readonly Expression E1;
   public readonly Expression E2;
-  public enum Opcode { /*SOON: IfOp,*/ PrefixEqOp, PrefixNeqOp }
-  public static readonly bool PrefixEqUsesNat = false;  // "k" is either a "nat" or an "ORDINAL"
+  public enum Opcode { PrefixEqOp, PrefixNeqOp }
 
   public TernaryExpr(Cloner cloner, TernaryExpr original) : base(cloner, original) {
     Op = original.Op;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Datatypes/DatatypeUpdateExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Datatypes/DatatypeUpdateExpr.cs
index 658cc08d330..865eb478cd1 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Datatypes/DatatypeUpdateExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Datatypes/DatatypeUpdateExpr.cs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class DatatypeUpdateExpr : ConcreteSyntaxExpression, IHasUsages, ICloneable<DatatypeUpdateExpr> {
+public class DatatypeUpdateExpr : ConcreteSyntaxExpression, IHasReferences, ICloneable<DatatypeUpdateExpr> {
   public readonly Expression Root;
   public readonly List<Tuple<IToken, string, Expression>> Updates;
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<MemberDecl> Members;
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ public override IEnumerable<Expression> SubExpressions {
     }
   }
 
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
-    return (IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage>)LegalSourceConstructors ?? Array.Empty<IDeclarationOrUsage>();
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
+    return (IEnumerable<ISymbol>)LegalSourceConstructors ?? Array.Empty<ISymbol>();
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
 
   public override IEnumerable<Expression> PreResolveSubExpressions {
     get {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Datatypes/DatatypeValue.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Datatypes/DatatypeValue.cs
index 9cd5476536b..ef817d6efc3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Datatypes/DatatypeValue.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Datatypes/DatatypeValue.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class DatatypeValue : Expression, IHasUsages, ICloneable<DatatypeValue>, ICanFormat {
+public class DatatypeValue : Expression, IHasReferences, ICloneable<DatatypeValue>, ICanFormat {
   public readonly string DatatypeName;
   public readonly string MemberName;
   public readonly ActualBindings Bindings;
@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ public DatatypeValue(IToken tok, string datatypeName, string memberName, List<Ex
   public override IEnumerable<Expression> SubExpressions =>
     Arguments ?? Enumerable.Empty<Expression>();
 
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
     return Enumerable.Repeat(Ctor, 1);
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
   public bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
     formatter.SetMethodLikeIndent(StartToken, OwnedTokens, indentBefore);
     return true;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Expression.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Expression.cs
index 0be7447988e..7b4f54224e3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Expression.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Expression.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Numerics;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ public virtual IEnumerable<Expression> TerminalExpressions {
   public Type Type {
     get {
       Contract.Ensures(type != null || Contract.Result<Type>() == null);  // useful in conjunction with postcondition of constructor
-      return type == null ? null : type.Normalize();
+      return type?.Normalize();
     }
     set {
       Contract.Requires(!WasResolved());  // set it only once
@@ -106,6 +107,7 @@ protected Expression(Cloner cloner, Expression original) {
 
     if (cloner.CloneResolvedFields && original.Type != null) {
       Type = original.Type;
+      PreType = original.PreType;
     }
   }
 
@@ -126,6 +128,23 @@ public virtual IEnumerable<Expression> SubExpressions {
     get { yield break; }
   }
 
+  public IEnumerable<Expression> DescendantsAndSelf {
+    get {
+      Stack<Expression> todo = new();
+      List<Expression> result = new();
+      todo.Push(this);
+      while (todo.Any()) {
+        var current = todo.Pop();
+        result.Add(current);
+        foreach (var child in current.SubExpressions) {
+          todo.Push(child);
+        }
+      }
+
+      return result;
+    }
+  }
+
   /// <summary>
   /// Returns the list of types that appear in this expression proper (that is, not including types that
   /// may appear in subexpressions). Types occurring in substatements of the expression are not included.
@@ -135,9 +154,7 @@ public virtual IEnumerable<Type> ComponentTypes {
     get { yield break; }
   }
 
-  public virtual bool IsImplicit {
-    get { return false; }
-  }
+  public virtual bool IsImplicit => false;
 
   public static IEnumerable<Expression> Conjuncts(Expression expr) {
     Contract.Requires(expr != null);
@@ -723,7 +740,7 @@ public static Expression CreateITE(Expression test, Expression e0, Expression e1
   /// </summary>
   public static Expression CreateResolvedCall(IToken tok, Expression receiver, Function function, List<Expression> arguments,
     List<Type> typeArguments, SystemModuleManager systemModuleManager) {
-    Contract.Requires(function.Formals.Count == arguments.Count);
+    Contract.Requires(function.Ins.Count == arguments.Count);
     Contract.Requires(function.TypeArgs.Count == typeArguments.Count);
 
     var call = new FunctionCallExpr(tok, function.Name, receiver, tok, tok, arguments) {
@@ -768,7 +785,7 @@ public static Expression CreateFieldSelect(IToken tok, Expression receiver, Fiel
   /// Wrap the resolved MemberSelectExpr in the usual unresolved structure, in case the expression is cloned and re-resolved.
   /// </summary>
   public static Expression WrapResolvedMemberSelect(MemberSelectExpr memberSelectExpr) {
-    List<Type> optTypeArguments = memberSelectExpr.TypeApplication_JustMember.Count == 0 ? null : memberSelectExpr.TypeApplication_JustMember;
+    List<Type> optTypeArguments = memberSelectExpr.TypeApplicationJustMember.Count == 0 ? null : memberSelectExpr.TypeApplicationJustMember;
     return new ExprDotName(memberSelectExpr.tok, memberSelectExpr.Obj, memberSelectExpr.MemberName, optTypeArguments) {
       ResolvedExpression = memberSelectExpr,
       Type = memberSelectExpr.Type
@@ -907,4 +924,10 @@ public string AsStringLiteral() {
 
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => SubExpressions;
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => Children;
+
+  public static Expression CreateAssigned(IToken tok, IdentifierExpr inner) {
+    return new UnaryOpExpr(tok, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Assigned, inner) {
+      Type = Type.Bool
+    };
+  }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Heap/FrameExpression.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Heap/FrameExpression.cs
index fa767652ceb..d946addaa92 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Heap/FrameExpression.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Heap/FrameExpression.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class FrameExpression : TokenNode, IHasUsages {
+public class FrameExpression : TokenNode, IHasReferences {
   public readonly Expression OriginalExpression; // may be a WildcardExpr
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public Expression DesugaredExpression; // may be null for modifies clauses, even after resolution
 
@@ -48,10 +48,10 @@ public FrameExpression(Cloner cloner, FrameExpression original) {
     }
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => new[] { E };
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => Children;
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
     return new[] { Field }.Where(x => x != null);
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/BinaryExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/BinaryExpr.cs
index b81c90e4840..74da619191e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/BinaryExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/BinaryExpr.cs
@@ -114,14 +114,14 @@ public enum ResolvedOpcode {
   }
   private ResolvedOpcode _theResolvedOp = ResolvedOpcode.YetUndetermined;
   public ResolvedOpcode ResolvedOp {
-    set {
-      Contract.Assume(_theResolvedOp == ResolvedOpcode.YetUndetermined || _theResolvedOp == value);  // there's never a reason for resolution to change its mind, is there?
-      _theResolvedOp = value;
-    }
     get {
       Debug.Assert(_theResolvedOp != ResolvedOpcode.YetUndetermined);  // shouldn't read it until it has been properly initialized
       return _theResolvedOp;
     }
+    set {
+      Contract.Assume(_theResolvedOp == ResolvedOpcode.YetUndetermined || _theResolvedOp == value);  // there's never a reason for resolution to change its mind, is there?
+      _theResolvedOp = value;
+    }
   }
   public ResolvedOpcode ResolvedOp_PossiblyStillUndetermined {  // offer a way to return _theResolveOp -- for experts only!
     get { return _theResolvedOp; }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/DecreasesToExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/DecreasesToExpr.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d8ee2abb01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/DecreasesToExpr.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+public class DecreasesToExpr : Expression, ICloneable<DecreasesToExpr> {
+  public IReadOnlyList<Expression> OldExpressions { get; }
+  public IReadOnlyList<Expression> NewExpressions { get; }
+
+  public bool AllowNoChange { get; }
+
+  public DecreasesToExpr(IToken tok,
+    IReadOnlyList<Expression> oldExpressions,
+    IReadOnlyList<Expression> newExpressions, bool allowNoChange) : base(tok) {
+    OldExpressions = oldExpressions;
+    NewExpressions = newExpressions;
+    AllowNoChange = allowNoChange;
+  }
+
+  public DecreasesToExpr(Cloner cloner, DecreasesToExpr original) : base(cloner, original) {
+    OldExpressions = original.OldExpressions.Select(cloner.CloneExpr).ToList();
+    NewExpressions = original.NewExpressions.Select(cloner.CloneExpr).ToList();
+    AllowNoChange = original.AllowNoChange;
+  }
+
+  public DecreasesToExpr Clone(Cloner cloner) {
+    return new DecreasesToExpr(cloner, this);
+  }
+
+  public override IEnumerable<Expression> SubExpressions => OldExpressions.Concat(NewExpressions);
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/UnaryOpExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/UnaryOpExpr.cs
index 44c3ed134ec..bf1f6d82a85 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/UnaryOpExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Operators/UnaryOpExpr.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ public enum Opcode {
     Fresh, // fresh also has a(n optional) second argument, namely the @-label
     Allocated,
     Lit,  // there is no syntax for this operator, but it is sometimes introduced during translation
+    Assigned,
   }
   public readonly Opcode Op;
 
@@ -22,7 +23,8 @@ public enum ResolvedOpcode {
     MapCard,
     Fresh,
     Allocated,
-    Lit
+    Lit,
+    Assigned,
   }
 
   private ResolvedOpcode _ResolvedOp = ResolvedOpcode.YetUndetermined;
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ public ResolvedOpcode ResolveOp() {
         (Opcode.Fresh, _) => ResolvedOpcode.Fresh,
         (Opcode.Allocated, _) => ResolvedOpcode.Allocated,
         (Opcode.Lit, _) => ResolvedOpcode.Lit,
+        (Opcode.Assigned, _) => ResolvedOpcode.Assigned,
         _ => ResolvedOpcode.YetUndetermined // Unreachable
       };
       Contract.Assert(_ResolvedOp != ResolvedOpcode.YetUndetermined);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/StmtExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/StmtExpr.cs
index 8af66ea9d28..ea509b3c1a3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/StmtExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/StmtExpr.cs
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public Expression GetSConclusion() {
     } else if (S is CalcStmt) {
       var s = (CalcStmt)S;
       return s.Result;
-    } else if (S is RevealStmt) {
+    } else if (S is HideRevealStmt) {
       return CreateBoolLiteral(tok, true);  // one could use the definition axiom or the referenced labeled assertions, but "true" is conservative and much simpler :)
     } else if (S is UpdateStmt) {
       return CreateBoolLiteral(tok, true);  // one could use the postcondition of the method, suitably instantiated, but "true" is conservative and much simpler :)
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/Formal.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/Formal.cs
index cdbff00e752..c3fc0844884 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/Formal.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/Formal.cs
@@ -35,11 +35,11 @@ public Formal(IToken tok, string name, Type type, bool inParam, bool isGhost, Ex
 
   public bool HasName => !Name.StartsWith("#");
 
-  private string sanitizedName;
-  public override string SanitizedName =>
-    sanitizedName ??= SanitizeName(Name); // No unique-ification
-  public override string CompileName =>
-    compileName ??= SanitizeName(NameForCompilation);
+  public override string GetOrCreateCompileName(CodeGenIdGenerator generator) {
+    return CompileName;
+  }
+
+  public string CompileName => compileName ??= SanitizeName(NameForCompilation);
 
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children =>
     (DefaultValue != null ? new List<Node> { DefaultValue } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>()).Concat(base.Children);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IVariable.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IVariable.cs
index 36f35a0ed1f..c8f174a0788 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IVariable.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IVariable.cs
@@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ string UniqueName {
   bool HasBeenAssignedUniqueName {  // unique names are not assigned until the Translator; if you don't already know if that stage has run, this boolean method will tell you
     get;
   }
-  static FreshIdGenerator CompileNameIdGenerator = new FreshIdGenerator();
-  string AssignUniqueName(FreshIdGenerator generator);
-  string SanitizedName {
-    get;
-  }
-  string CompileName {
-    get;
-  }
+  string AssignUniqueName(VerificationIdGenerator generator);
+
+  /// <summary>
+  /// A name suitable for compilation, but without the unique identifier.
+  /// Useful to generate readable identifiers in the generated source code.
+  /// </summary>
+  string CompileNameShadowable { get; }
+  string GetOrCreateCompileName(CodeGenIdGenerator generator);
 
   PreType PreType {
     get;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IVariableContracts.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IVariableContracts.cs
index 0fe8374904f..9880d147130 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IVariableContracts.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IVariableContracts.cs
@@ -35,18 +35,21 @@ public bool HasBeenAssignedUniqueName {
       throw new NotImplementedException();  // this getter implementation is here only so that the Ensures contract can be given here
     }
   }
-  public string SanitizedName {
-    get {
-      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<string>() != null);
-      throw new NotImplementedException();  // this getter implementation is here only so that the Ensures contract can be given here
-    }
+  public string SanitizedName(CodeGenIdGenerator generator) {
+    Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<string>() != null);
+    throw new NotImplementedException();  // this getter implementation is here only so that the Ensures contract can be given here
   }
-  public string CompileName {
+
+  public string CompileNameShadowable {
     get {
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<string>() != null);
       throw new NotImplementedException();  // this getter implementation is here only so that the Ensures contract can be given here
     }
   }
+  public string GetOrCreateCompileName(CodeGenIdGenerator generator) {
+    Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<string>() != null);
+    throw new NotImplementedException();  // this getter implementation is here only so that the Ensures contract can be given here
+  }
   public Type Type {
     get {
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Type>() != null);
@@ -81,13 +84,13 @@ public bool IsGhost {
   public void MakeGhost() {
     throw new NotImplementedException();
   }
-  public string AssignUniqueName(FreshIdGenerator generator) {
+  public string AssignUniqueName(VerificationIdGenerator generator) {
     Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<string>() != null);
     throw new NotImplementedException();
   }
 
-  public abstract IToken NameToken { get; }
-  public SymbolKind Kind => throw new NotImplementedException();
+  public abstract IToken NavigationToken { get; }
+  public SymbolKind? Kind => throw new NotImplementedException();
   public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     throw new NotImplementedException();
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IdentifierExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IdentifierExpr.cs
index 1693a8e3a17..c1c3777b450 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IdentifierExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/IdentifierExpr.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class IdentifierExpr : Expression, IHasUsages, ICloneable<IdentifierExpr> {
+public class IdentifierExpr : Expression, IHasReferences, ICloneable<IdentifierExpr> {
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
   void ObjectInvariant() {
     Contract.Invariant(Name != null);
@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@ public static bool Is(Expression expr, IVariable variable) {
     return expr.Resolved is IdentifierExpr identifierExpr && identifierExpr.Var == variable;
   }
 
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
     return Enumerable.Repeat(Var, 1);
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children { get; } = Enumerable.Empty<Node>();
 }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/NonglobalVariable.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/NonglobalVariable.cs
index f81d643d644..26ad772c020 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/NonglobalVariable.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/NonglobalVariable.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,17 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 public abstract class NonglobalVariable : TokenNode, IVariable {
   readonly string name;
 
+  protected NonglobalVariable(IToken tok, string name, Type type, bool isGhost) {
+    Contract.Requires(tok != null);
+    Contract.Requires(name != null);
+    Contract.Requires(type != null);
+    this.tok = tok;
+    this.name = name;
+    IsTypeExplicit = type != null;
+    this.type = type ?? new InferredTypeProxy();
+    this.isGhost = isGhost;
+  }
+
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
   void ObjectInvariant() {
     Contract.Invariant(name != null);
@@ -27,7 +38,7 @@ public string Name {
   private string uniqueName;
   public string UniqueName => uniqueName;
   public bool HasBeenAssignedUniqueName => uniqueName != null;
-  public string AssignUniqueName(FreshIdGenerator generator) {
+  public string AssignUniqueName(VerificationIdGenerator generator) {
     return uniqueName ??= generator.FreshId(Name + "#");
   }
 
@@ -74,16 +85,19 @@ public static string SanitizeName(string nm) {
     }
   }
 
-  private string sanitizedName;
-  public virtual string SanitizedName =>
-    sanitizedName ??= $"_{IVariable.CompileNameIdGenerator.FreshNumericId()}_{SanitizeName(Name)}";
+  private string sanitizedNameShadowable;
+
+  public virtual string CompileNameShadowable =>
+    sanitizedNameShadowable ??= SanitizeName(Name);
 
   protected string compileName;
-  public virtual string CompileName =>
-    compileName ??= SanitizedName;
+
+  public virtual string GetOrCreateCompileName(CodeGenIdGenerator generator) {
+    return compileName ??= $"_{generator.FreshNumericId()}_{CompileNameShadowable}";
+  }
 
   Type type;
-  public bool IsTypeExplicit = false;
+  public bool IsTypeExplicit { get; set; }
   public Type SyntacticType { get { return type; } }  // returns the non-normalized type
   public PreType PreType { get; set; }
 
@@ -122,20 +136,10 @@ public void MakeGhost() {
     IsGhost = true;
   }
 
-  public NonglobalVariable(IToken tok, string name, Type type, bool isGhost) {
-    Contract.Requires(tok != null);
-    Contract.Requires(name != null);
-    Contract.Requires(type != null);
-    this.tok = tok;
-    this.name = name;
-    this.type = type;
-    this.isGhost = isGhost;
-  }
-
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => IsTypeExplicit ? new List<Node> { Type } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>();
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => IsTypeExplicit ? new List<Node>() { Type } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>();
-  public SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Variable;
+  public SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Variable;
   public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     return this.AsText();
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/Resolver_IdentifierExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/Resolver_IdentifierExpr.cs
index e781b702630..79365f377f2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/Resolver_IdentifierExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Expressions/Variables/Resolver_IdentifierExpr.cs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 /// <summary>
 /// This class is used only inside the resolver itself. It gets hung in the AST in uncompleted name segments.
 /// </summary>
-class Resolver_IdentifierExpr : Expression, IHasUsages, ICloneable<Resolver_IdentifierExpr> {
+class Resolver_IdentifierExpr : Expression, IHasReferences, ICloneable<Resolver_IdentifierExpr> {
   public readonly TopLevelDecl Decl;
   public readonly List<Type> TypeArgs;
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@ public Resolver_IdentifierExpr(IToken tok, TypeParameter tp)
     Contract.Requires(tp != null);
   }
 
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
     return new[] { Decl };
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
   public Resolver_IdentifierExpr Clone(Cloner cloner) {
     return new Resolver_IdentifierExpr(cloner, this);
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Formatting.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Formatting.dfy
index 0d9269e440e..bfaabd16e2a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Formatting.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Formatting.dfy
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ module {:extern "Microsoft"} {:options "-functionSyntax:4"}  Microsoft {
           2) Reindentation algorithm provided by the same reindent */
       method ReindentProgramFromFirstToken(firstToken: IToken, reindent: IIndentationFormatter) returns (s: CsString)
         requires firstToken.Valid()
-        ensures forall token <- firstToken.allTokens :: s.Contains(token.val)
+        ensures forall token: IToken <- firstToken.allTokens :: s.Contains(token.val)
       {
         var token: IToken? := firstToken;
         var sb := new CsStringBuilder();
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ module {:extern "Microsoft"} {:options "-functionSyntax:4"}  Microsoft {
                     && token.Valid()
                     && i < |allTokens|
                     && token == allTokens[i]
-          invariant forall t <- allTokens[0..i] :: sb.built.Contains(t.val)
+          invariant forall t: IToken <- allTokens[0..i] :: sb.built.Contains(t.val)
         {
           if(token.Next == null) {
             firstToken.TokenNextIsNullImpliesLastToken(token, i);
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ module {:extern "Microsoft"} {:options "-functionSyntax:4"}  Microsoft {
           sb.Append(token.val);
           sb.Append(newTrailingTrivia);
           ContainsTransitive();
-          assert {:split_here} forall t <- allTokens[0..i+1] :: sb.built.Contains(t.val);
+          assert {:split_here} forall t: IToken <- allTokens[0..i+1] :: sb.built.Contains(t.val);
           token := token.Next;
           i := i + 1;
         }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ParseErrors.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ParseErrors.cs
index 01a6d1cb11c..8e666089d15 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ParseErrors.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ParseErrors.cs
@@ -139,6 +139,8 @@ public enum ErrorId {
     p_file_has_no_code,
     p_general_traits_datatype,
     p_general_traits_full,
+    p_decreases_without_to,
+    p_binding_in_decreases_to,
   }
 
   static ParseErrors() {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ParserNonGeneratedPart.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ParserNonGeneratedPart.cs
index 86c8c4c59c0..783e1716810 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ParserNonGeneratedPart.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ParserNonGeneratedPart.cs
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ public Parser(DafnyOptions options, Scanner/*!*/ scanner, Errors/*!*/ errors, Ca
     theModule = new FileModuleDefinition(scanner.FirstToken);
   }
 
+  bool IsReveal(IToken nextToken) => la.kind == _reveal || (la.kind == _hide && nextToken.kind is _star or _ident);
+
   bool IsIdentifier(int kind) {
     return kind == _ident || kind == _least || kind == _greatest || kind == _older || kind == _opaque;
   }
@@ -156,7 +158,12 @@ bool IsWitness() {
   }
 
   bool IsFunctionDecl() {
-    switch (la.kind) {
+    var kind = la.kind;
+    return IsFunctionDecl(kind);
+  }
+
+  private bool IsFunctionDecl(int kind) {
+    switch (kind) {
       case _function:
       case _predicate:
       case _copredicate:
@@ -184,6 +191,9 @@ bool IsParenStar() {
   bool IsExpliesOp() => IsExpliesOp(la);
   bool IsAndOp() => IsAndOp(la);
   bool IsOrOp() => IsOrOp(la);
+  bool IsComma() {
+    return la.val == ",";
+  }
   static bool IsEquivOp(IToken la) {
     return la.val == "<==>";
   }
@@ -617,7 +627,6 @@ class DeclModifierData {
     public bool IsOpaque;
     public IToken OpaqueToken;
     public IToken FirstToken;
-
   }
 
   private ModuleKindEnum GetModuleKind(DeclModifierData mods) {
@@ -682,6 +691,39 @@ bool IsAssumeTypeKeyword(IToken la) {
     return la.kind == _assume || la.kind == _assert || la.kind == _expect;
   }
 
+  Expression ProcessTupleArgs(List<ActualBinding> args, IToken lp) {
+    if (args.Count == 1 && !args[0].IsGhost) {
+      if (args[0].FormalParameterName != null) {
+        SemErr(ErrorId.p_no_parenthesized_binding, lp, "binding not allowed in parenthesized expression");
+      }
+      return args[0].Actual;
+    } else {
+      // Compute the actual position of ghost arguments
+      var ghostness = new bool[args.Count];
+      for (var i = 0; i < args.Count; i++) {
+        ghostness[i] = false;
+      }
+      for (var i = 0; i < args.Count; i++) {
+        var arg = args[i];
+        if (arg.IsGhost) {
+          if (arg.FormalParameterName == null) {
+            ghostness[i] = true;
+          } else {
+            var success = int.TryParse(arg.FormalParameterName.val, out var index);
+            if (success && 0 <= index && index < args.Count) {
+              ghostness[index] = true;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      var argumentGhostness = ghostness.ToList();
+      // make sure the corresponding tuple type exists
+      SystemModuleModifiers.Add(b => b.TupleType(lp, args.Count, true, argumentGhostness));
+      return new DatatypeValue(lp, SystemModuleManager.TupleTypeName(argumentGhostness), SystemModuleManager.TupleTypeCtorName(args.Count), args);
+    }
+  }
+
+
   public void ApplyOptionsFromAttributes(Attributes attrs) {
     var overrides = attrs.AsEnumerable().Where(a => a.Name == "options")
       .Reverse().Select(a =>
@@ -764,4 +806,4 @@ void CheckDeclModifiers(ref DeclModifierData dmod, string declCaption, AllowedDe
     }
   }
 
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.Expression.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.Expression.cs
index 1bfc36a281f..a95048f8f31 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.Expression.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.Expression.cs
@@ -767,6 +767,10 @@ void PrintExpr(Expression expr, int contextBindingStrength, bool fragileContext,
           wr.Write("Lit(");
           PrintExpression(e.E, false);
           wr.Write(")");
+        } else if (e.Op == UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Assigned) {
+          wr.Write("assigned(");
+          PrintExpression(e.E, false);
+          wr.Write(")");
         } else {
           Contract.Assert(e.Op != UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Fresh); // this is handled is "is FreshExpr" case above
           // Prefix operator.
@@ -1145,12 +1149,7 @@ void PrintExpr(Expression expr, int contextBindingStrength, bool fragileContext,
         int i = 0;
         foreach (var mc in e.Cases) {
           bool isLastCase = i == e.Cases.Count - 1;
-          wr.Write(" case");
-          PrintAttributes(mc.Attributes);
-          wr.Write(" ");
-          PrintExtendedPattern(mc.Pat);
-          wr.Write(" => ");
-          PrintExpression(mc.Body, isRightmost && isLastCase, !parensNeeded && isFollowedBySemicolon);
+          PrintNestedMatchCase(isRightmost, isFollowedBySemicolon, mc, isLastCase, parensNeeded);
           i++;
         }
         if (e.UsesOptionalBraces) { wr.Write(" }"); } else if (parensNeeded) { wr.Write(")"); }
@@ -1198,9 +1197,41 @@ void PrintExpr(Expression expr, int contextBindingStrength, bool fragileContext,
         wr.Write("[BoogieFunctionCall]");  // this prevents debugger watch window crash
       } else if (expr is Resolver_IdentifierExpr) {
         wr.Write("[Resolver_IdentifierExpr]");  // we can get here in the middle of a debugging session
+      } else if (expr is DecreasesToExpr decreasesToExpr) {
+        var comma = false;
+        foreach (var oldExpr in decreasesToExpr.OldExpressions) {
+          if (comma) {
+            wr.Write(", ");
+          }
+          PrintExpression(oldExpr, false);
+          comma = true;
+        }
+        if (decreasesToExpr.AllowNoChange) {
+          wr.Write(" nonincreases to ");
+        } else {
+          wr.Write(" decreases to ");
+        }
+        comma = false;
+        foreach (var newExpr in decreasesToExpr.NewExpressions) {
+          if (comma) {
+            wr.Write(", ");
+          }
+          PrintExpression(newExpr, false);
+          comma = true;
+        }
       } else {
         Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected expression
       }
     }
+
+    public void PrintNestedMatchCase(bool isRightmost, bool isFollowedBySemicolon, NestedMatchCaseExpr mc, bool isLastCase,
+      bool parensNeeded) {
+      wr.Write(" case");
+      PrintAttributes(mc.Attributes);
+      wr.Write(" ");
+      PrintExtendedPattern(mc.Pat);
+      wr.Write(" => ");
+      PrintExpression(mc.Body, isRightmost && isLastCase, !parensNeeded && isFollowedBySemicolon);
+    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.Statement.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.Statement.cs
index 151ac8a0037..ef97d0be06f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.Statement.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.Statement.cs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public partial class Printer {
     public void PrintStatement(Statement stmt, int indent) {
       Contract.Requires(stmt != null);
 
-      if (stmt.IsGhost && printMode == PrintModes.NoGhost) { return; }
+      if (stmt.IsGhost && printMode == PrintModes.NoGhostOrIncludes) { return; }
       for (LList<Label> label = stmt.Labels; label != null; label = label.Next) {
         if (label.Data.Name != null) {
           wr.WriteLine("label {0}:", label.Data.Name);
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public void PrintStatement(Statement stmt, int indent) {
       }
 
       if (stmt is PredicateStmt) {
-        if (printMode == PrintModes.NoGhost) { return; }
+        if (printMode == PrintModes.NoGhostOrIncludes) { return; }
         Expression expr = ((PredicateStmt)stmt).Expr;
         var assertStmt = stmt as AssertStmt;
         var expectStmt = stmt as ExpectStmt;
@@ -70,22 +70,8 @@ public void PrintStatement(Statement stmt, int indent) {
         PrintAttributeArgs(s.Args, true);
         wr.Write(";");
 
-      } else if (stmt is RevealStmt) {
-        var s = (RevealStmt)stmt;
-        wr.Write("reveal ");
-        var sep = "";
-        foreach (var e in s.Exprs) {
-          wr.Write(sep);
-          sep = ", ";
-          if (RevealStmt.SingleName(e) != null) {
-            // this will do the printing correctly for labels (or label-lookalikes) like 00_023 (which by PrintExpression below would be printed as 23)
-            wr.Write(RevealStmt.SingleName(e));
-          } else {
-            PrintExpression(e, true);
-          }
-        }
-        wr.Write(";");
-
+      } else if (stmt is HideRevealStmt revealStmt) {
+        PrintHideReveal(revealStmt);
       } else if (stmt is BreakStmt) {
         var s = (BreakStmt)stmt;
         if (s.TargetLabel != null) {
@@ -234,7 +220,7 @@ public void PrintStatement(Statement stmt, int indent) {
 
       } else if (stmt is CalcStmt) {
         CalcStmt s = (CalcStmt)stmt;
-        if (printMode == PrintModes.NoGhost) { return; }   // Calcs don't get a "ghost" attribute, but they are.
+        if (printMode == PrintModes.NoGhostOrIncludes) { return; }   // Calcs don't get a "ghost" attribute, but they are.
         wr.Write("calc");
         PrintAttributes(stmt.Attributes);
         wr.Write(" ");
@@ -377,7 +363,7 @@ public void PrintStatement(Statement stmt, int indent) {
           wr.Write(" ");
         }
         PrintUpdateRHS(s, indent);
-        wr.Write(";");
+        PrintBy(s);
 
       } else if (stmt is CallStmt) {
         // Most calls are printed from their concrete syntax given in the input. However, recursive calls to
@@ -388,7 +374,7 @@ public void PrintStatement(Statement stmt, int indent) {
 
       } else if (stmt is VarDeclStmt) {
         var s = (VarDeclStmt)stmt;
-        if (s.Locals.Exists(v => v.IsGhost) && printMode == PrintModes.NoGhost) { return; }
+        if (s.Locals.Exists(v => v.IsGhost) && printMode == PrintModes.NoGhostOrIncludes) { return; }
         if (s.Locals.TrueForAll((v => v.IsGhost))) {
           // Emit the "ghost" modifier if all of the variables are ghost. If some are ghost, but not others,
           // then some of these ghosts are auto-converted to ghost, so we should not emit the "ghost" keyword.
@@ -402,15 +388,14 @@ public void PrintStatement(Statement stmt, int indent) {
             PrintAttributes(local.Attributes);
           }
           wr.Write(" {0}", local.DisplayName);
-          PrintType(": ", local.OptionalType);
+          PrintType(": ", local.SyntacticType);
           sep = ",";
         }
         if (s.Update != null) {
           wr.Write(" ");
           PrintUpdateRHS(s.Update, indent);
         }
-        wr.Write(";");
-
+        PrintBy(s.Update);
       } else if (stmt is VarDeclPattern) {
         var s = (VarDeclPattern)stmt;
         if (s.tok is AutoGeneratedToken) {
@@ -469,6 +454,40 @@ public void PrintStatement(Statement stmt, int indent) {
       } else {
         Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected statement
       }
+
+      void PrintBy(ConcreteUpdateStatement statement) {
+        BlockStmt proof = statement switch {
+          UpdateStmt updateStmt => updateStmt.Proof,
+          AssignOrReturnStmt returnStmt => returnStmt.Proof,
+          _ => null
+        };
+        if (proof != null) {
+          wr.Write(" by ");
+          PrintStatement(proof, indent);
+        } else {
+          wr.Write(";");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    private void PrintHideReveal(HideRevealStmt revealStmt) {
+      wr.Write(revealStmt.Mode == Bpl.HideRevealCmd.Modes.Hide ? "hide " : "reveal ");
+      if (revealStmt.Wildcard) {
+        wr.Write("*");
+      } else {
+        var sep = "";
+        foreach (var e in revealStmt.Exprs) {
+          wr.Write(sep);
+          sep = ", ";
+          if (HideRevealStmt.SingleName(e) != null) {
+            // this will do the printing correctly for labels (or label-lookalikes) like 00_023 (which by PrintExpression below would be printed as 23)
+            wr.Write(HideRevealStmt.SingleName(e));
+          } else {
+            PrintExpression(e, true);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      wr.Write(";");
     }
 
     private void PrintModifyStmt(int indent, ModifyStmt s, bool omitFrame) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.cs
index 119139ff799..5cd7c07e953 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/Printer/Printer.cs
@@ -23,10 +23,9 @@ public enum PrintModes {
     Everything,
     Serialization, // Serializing the program to a file for lossless loading later
     NoIncludes,
-    NoGhost
+    NoGhostOrIncludes
   }
 
-
   public record PrintFlags(bool UseOriginalDafnyNames = false);
 
   public partial class Printer {
@@ -36,9 +35,7 @@ static Printer() {
         options.PrintMode = value;
       });
 
-      DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(new Option[] {
-        PrintMode
-      });
+      OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(PrintMode, OptionScope.Cli);
     }
 
     public static readonly Option<PrintModes> PrintMode = new("--print-mode", () => PrintModes.Everything, @"
@@ -209,7 +206,7 @@ public void PrintProgram(Program prog, bool afterResolver) {
       if (options.DafnyPrintResolvedFile != null && options.PrintMode == PrintModes.Everything) {
         wr.WriteLine();
         wr.WriteLine("/*");
-        PrintModuleDefinition(prog.Compilation, prog.SystemModuleManager.SystemModule, null, 0, null, Path.GetFullPath(options.DafnyPrintResolvedFile));
+        PrintModuleDefinition(prog.Compilation, prog.SystemModuleManager.SystemModule, null, 0, null);
         wr.Write("// bitvector types in use:");
         foreach (var w in prog.SystemModuleManager.Bitwidths) {
           wr.Write(" bv{0}", w);
@@ -219,10 +216,10 @@ public void PrintProgram(Program prog, bool afterResolver) {
       }
       wr.WriteLine();
       PrintCallGraph(prog.DefaultModuleDef, 0);
-      PrintTopLevelDecls(prog.Compilation, prog.DefaultModuleDef.TopLevelDecls, 0, null, Path.GetFullPath(prog.FullName));
+      PrintTopLevelDecls(prog.Compilation, prog.DefaultModuleDef.TopLevelDecls, 0, null);
       foreach (var tup in prog.DefaultModuleDef.PrefixNamedModules) {
         var decls = new List<TopLevelDecl>() { tup.Module };
-        PrintTopLevelDecls(prog.Compilation, decls, 0, tup.Parts, Path.GetFullPath(prog.FullName));
+        PrintTopLevelDecls(prog.Compilation, decls, 0, tup.Parts);
       }
       wr.Flush();
     }
@@ -268,12 +265,14 @@ public void PrintCallGraph(ModuleDefinition module, int indent) {
       }
     }
 
-    public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevelDecl> decls, int indent, IEnumerable<IToken>/*?*/ prefixIds, string fileBeingPrinted) {
+    public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevelDecl> decls, int indent,
+      IEnumerable<IToken>/*?*/ prefixIds) {
       Contract.Requires(decls != null);
       int i = 0;
       foreach (TopLevelDecl d in decls) {
         Contract.Assert(d != null);
-        if (PrintModeSkipGeneral(d.tok, fileBeingPrinted)) { continue; }
+        var project = compilation.Options.DafnyProject;
+        if (PrintModeSkipGeneral(project, d.tok)) { continue; }
         if (d is AbstractTypeDecl) {
           var at = (AbstractTypeDecl)d;
           if (i++ != 0) { wr.WriteLine(); }
@@ -284,7 +283,7 @@ public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevel
             wr.WriteLine();
           } else {
             wr.WriteLine(" {");
-            PrintMembers(at.Members, indent + IndentAmount, fileBeingPrinted);
+            PrintMembers(at.Members, indent + IndentAmount, project);
             Indent(indent);
             wr.WriteLine("}");
           }
@@ -292,7 +291,7 @@ public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevel
           var dd = (NewtypeDecl)d;
           if (i++ != 0) { wr.WriteLine(); }
           Indent(indent);
-          PrintClassMethodHelper("newtype", dd.Attributes, dd.Name, new List<TypeParameter>());
+          PrintClassMethodHelper("newtype", dd.Attributes, dd.Name, dd.TypeArgs);
           PrintExtendsClause(dd);
           wr.Write(" = ");
           if (dd.Var == null) {
@@ -309,16 +308,16 @@ public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevel
             wr.Write("| ");
             PrintExpression(dd.Constraint, true);
             wr.WriteLine();
-            if (dd.WitnessKind != SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.CompiledZero) {
-              Indent(indent + IndentAmount);
-              PrintWitnessClause(dd);
-              wr.WriteLine();
-            }
+          }
+          if (dd.WitnessKind != SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.CompiledZero) {
+            Indent(indent + IndentAmount);
+            PrintWitnessClause(dd);
+            wr.WriteLine();
           }
           if (dd.Members.Count != 0) {
             Indent(indent);
             wr.WriteLine("{");
-            PrintMembers(dd.Members, indent + IndentAmount, fileBeingPrinted);
+            PrintMembers(dd.Members, indent + IndentAmount, project);
             Indent(indent);
             wr.WriteLine("}");
           }
@@ -337,7 +336,7 @@ public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevel
         } else if (d is DatatypeDecl) {
           var dd = (DatatypeDecl)d;
           if (i++ != 0) { wr.WriteLine(); }
-          PrintDatatype(dd, indent, fileBeingPrinted);
+          PrintDatatype(dd, indent, project);
         } else if (d is IteratorDecl) {
           var iter = (IteratorDecl)d;
           if (i++ != 0) { wr.WriteLine(); }
@@ -353,7 +352,7 @@ public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevel
             // also print the members that were created as part of the interpretation of the iterator
             Contract.Assert(iter.Members.Count != 0);  // filled in during resolution
             Indent(indent); wr.WriteLine("/*---------- iterator members ----------");
-            Indent(indent); PrintIteratorClass(iter, indent, fileBeingPrinted);
+            Indent(indent); PrintIteratorClass(iter, indent, project);
             Indent(indent); wr.WriteLine("---------- iterator members ----------*/");
           }
 
@@ -362,17 +361,17 @@ public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevel
             // print nothing
           } else {
             if (i++ != 0) { wr.WriteLine(); }
-            PrintMembers(defaultClassDecl.Members, indent, fileBeingPrinted);
+            PrintMembers(defaultClassDecl.Members, indent, project);
           }
         } else if (d is ClassLikeDecl) {
           var cl = (ClassLikeDecl)d;
           if (i++ != 0) { wr.WriteLine(); }
-          PrintClass(cl, indent, fileBeingPrinted);
+          PrintClass(cl, indent, project);
 
         } else if (d is ClassLikeDecl) {
           var cl = (ClassLikeDecl)d;
           if (i++ != 0) { wr.WriteLine(); }
-          PrintClass(cl, indent, fileBeingPrinted);
+          PrintClass(cl, indent, project);
 
         } else if (d is ValuetypeDecl) {
           var vtd = (ValuetypeDecl)d;
@@ -383,7 +382,7 @@ public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevel
             wr.WriteLine(" { }");
           } else {
             wr.WriteLine(" {");
-            PrintMembers(vtd.Members, indent + IndentAmount, fileBeingPrinted);
+            PrintMembers(vtd.Members, indent + IndentAmount, project);
             Indent(indent);
             wr.WriteLine("}");
           }
@@ -403,7 +402,7 @@ public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevel
             if (modDecl.Signature != null) {
               scope = modDecl.Signature.VisibilityScope;
             }
-            PrintModuleDefinition(compilation, modDecl.ModuleDef, scope, indent, prefixIds, fileBeingPrinted);
+            PrintModuleDefinition(compilation, modDecl.ModuleDef, scope, indent, prefixIds);
           } else if (d is AliasModuleDecl) {
             var dd = (AliasModuleDecl)d;
 
@@ -452,7 +451,7 @@ public void PrintTopLevelDecls(CompilationData compilation, IEnumerable<TopLevel
             }
 
             wr.WriteLine();
-            PrintModuleExportDecl(compilation, e, indent + IndentAmount, fileBeingPrinted);
+            PrintModuleExportDecl(compilation, e, indent + IndentAmount, project);
             wr.WriteLine();
           } else {
             Contract.Assert(false); // unexpected ModuleDecl
@@ -521,7 +520,7 @@ private void PrintWitnessClause(RedirectingTypeDecl dd) {
       }
     }
 
-    void PrintModuleExportDecl(CompilationData compilation, ModuleExportDecl m, int indent, string fileBeingPrinted) {
+    void PrintModuleExportDecl(CompilationData compilation, ModuleExportDecl m, int indent, DafnyProject project) {
       Contract.Requires(m != null);
 
       if (m.RevealAll) {
@@ -552,9 +551,9 @@ void PrintModuleExportDecl(CompilationData compilation, ModuleExportDecl m, int
           for (int j = start; j < i; j++) {
             var id = m.Exports[j];
             if (id.Decl is TopLevelDecl) {
-              PrintTopLevelDecls(compilation, new List<TopLevelDecl> { (TopLevelDecl)id.Decl }, indent + IndentAmount, null, fileBeingPrinted);
+              PrintTopLevelDecls(compilation, new List<TopLevelDecl> { (TopLevelDecl)id.Decl }, indent + IndentAmount, null);
             } else if (id.Decl is MemberDecl) {
-              PrintMembers(new List<MemberDecl> { (MemberDecl)id.Decl }, indent + IndentAmount, fileBeingPrinted);
+              PrintMembers(new List<MemberDecl> { (MemberDecl)id.Decl }, indent + IndentAmount, project);
             }
           }
           Indent(indent);
@@ -565,7 +564,7 @@ void PrintModuleExportDecl(CompilationData compilation, ModuleExportDecl m, int
       }
     }
 
-    public void PrintModuleDefinition(CompilationData compilation, ModuleDefinition module, VisibilityScope scope, int indent, IEnumerable<IToken>/*?*/ prefixIds, string fileBeingPrinted) {
+    public void PrintModuleDefinition(CompilationData compilation, ModuleDefinition module, VisibilityScope scope, int indent, IEnumerable<IToken>/*?*/ prefixIds) {
       Contract.Requires(module != null);
       Contract.Requires(0 <= indent);
       Type.PushScope(scope);
@@ -597,23 +596,23 @@ public void PrintModuleDefinition(CompilationData compilation, ModuleDefinition
       } else {
         wr.WriteLine("{");
         PrintCallGraph(module, indent + IndentAmount);
-        PrintTopLevelDeclsOrExportedView(compilation, module, indent, fileBeingPrinted);
+        PrintTopLevelDeclsOrExportedView(compilation, module, indent);
         Indent(indent);
         wr.WriteLine("}");
       }
       Type.PopScope(scope);
     }
 
-    void PrintTopLevelDeclsOrExportedView(CompilationData compilation, ModuleDefinition module, int indent, string fileBeingPrinted) {
+    void PrintTopLevelDeclsOrExportedView(CompilationData compilation, ModuleDefinition module, int indent) {
       var decls = module.TopLevelDecls;
       // only filter based on view name after resolver.
       if (afterResolver && options.DafnyPrintExportedViews.Count != 0) {
         var views = options.DafnyPrintExportedViews.ToHashSet();
         decls = decls.Where(d => views.Contains(d.FullName));
       }
-      PrintTopLevelDecls(compilation, decls, indent + IndentAmount, null, fileBeingPrinted);
+      PrintTopLevelDecls(compilation, decls, indent + IndentAmount, null);
       foreach (var tup in module.PrefixNamedModules) {
-        PrintTopLevelDecls(compilation, new TopLevelDecl[] { tup.Module }, indent + IndentAmount, tup.Parts, fileBeingPrinted);
+        PrintTopLevelDecls(compilation, new TopLevelDecl[] { tup.Module }, indent + IndentAmount, tup.Parts);
       }
     }
 
@@ -651,21 +650,21 @@ void PrintIteratorSignature(IteratorDecl iter, int indent) {
       wr.WriteLine();
     }
 
-    private void PrintIteratorClass(IteratorDecl iter, int indent, string fileBeingPrinted) {
+    private void PrintIteratorClass(IteratorDecl iter, int indent, DafnyProject project) {
       PrintClassMethodHelper("class", null, iter.Name, iter.TypeArgs);
       wr.WriteLine(" {");
-      PrintMembers(iter.Members, indent + IndentAmount, fileBeingPrinted);
+      PrintMembers(iter.Members, indent + IndentAmount, project);
       Indent(indent); wr.WriteLine("}");
 
       Contract.Assert(iter.NonNullTypeDecl != null);
       PrintSubsetTypeDecl(iter.NonNullTypeDecl, indent);
     }
 
-    public void PrintClass(ClassLikeDecl c, int indent, string fileBeingPrinted) {
+    public void PrintClass(ClassLikeDecl c, int indent, DafnyProject project) {
       Contract.Requires(c != null);
 
       Indent(indent);
-      PrintClassMethodHelper((c is TraitDecl) ? "trait" : "class", c.Attributes, c.Name, c.TypeArgs);
+      PrintClassMethodHelper(c is TraitDecl ? "trait" : "class", c.Attributes, c.Name, c.TypeArgs);
       if (c.IsRefining) {
         wr.Write(" ...");
       } else {
@@ -676,7 +675,7 @@ public void PrintClass(ClassLikeDecl c, int indent, string fileBeingPrinted) {
         wr.WriteLine(" { }");
       } else {
         wr.WriteLine(" {");
-        PrintMembers(c.Members, indent + IndentAmount, fileBeingPrinted);
+        PrintMembers(c.Members, indent + IndentAmount, project);
         Indent(indent);
         wr.WriteLine("}");
       }
@@ -701,12 +700,12 @@ private void PrintExtendsClause(TopLevelDeclWithMembers c) {
       }
     }
 
-    public void PrintMembers(List<MemberDecl> members, int indent, string fileBeingPrinted) {
+    public void PrintMembers(List<MemberDecl> members, int indent, DafnyProject project) {
       Contract.Requires(members != null);
 
       int state = 0;  // 0 - no members yet; 1 - previous member was a field; 2 - previous member was non-field
       foreach (MemberDecl m in members) {
-        if (PrintModeSkipGeneral(m.tok, fileBeingPrinted)) { continue; }
+        if (PrintModeSkipGeneral(project, m.tok)) { continue; }
         if (printMode == PrintModes.Serialization && Attributes.Contains(m.Attributes, "auto_generated")) {
           // omit this declaration
         } else if (m is Method) {
@@ -766,38 +765,43 @@ void PrintClassMethodHelper(string kind, Attributes attrs, string name, List<Typ
     private void PrintTypeParams(List<TypeParameter> typeArgs) {
       Contract.Requires(typeArgs != null);
       Contract.Requires(
-        typeArgs.All(tp => tp.Name.StartsWith("_")) ||
-        typeArgs.All(tp => !tp.Name.StartsWith("_")));
+        typeArgs.All(tp => tp.IsAutoCompleted) ||
+        typeArgs.All(tp => !tp.IsAutoCompleted));
 
-      if (typeArgs.Count != 0 && !typeArgs[0].Name.StartsWith("_")) {
+      if (typeArgs.Count != 0 && !typeArgs[0].IsAutoCompleted) {
         wr.Write("<{0}>", Util.Comma(typeArgs, TypeParamString));
       }
     }
 
+    public static string TypeParameterToString(TypeParameter tp) {
+      return TypeParamVariance(tp) + tp.Name + TPCharacteristicsSuffix(tp.Characteristics, true);
+    }
+
     public string TypeParamString(TypeParameter tp) {
       Contract.Requires(tp != null);
-      string variance;
+      var paramString = TypeParamVariance(tp) + tp.Name + TPCharacteristicsSuffix(tp.Characteristics);
+      foreach (var typeBound in tp.TypeBounds) {
+        paramString += $" extends {typeBound.TypeName(options, null, true)}";
+      }
+      return paramString;
+    }
+
+    public static string TypeParamVariance(TypeParameter tp) {
       switch (tp.VarianceSyntax) {
         case TypeParameter.TPVarianceSyntax.Covariant_Permissive:
-          variance = "*";
-          break;
+          return "*";
         case TypeParameter.TPVarianceSyntax.Covariant_Strict:
-          variance = "+";
-          break;
+          return "+";
         case TypeParameter.TPVarianceSyntax.NonVariant_Permissive:
-          variance = "!";
-          break;
+          return "!";
         case TypeParameter.TPVarianceSyntax.NonVariant_Strict:
-          variance = "";
-          break;
+          return "";
         case TypeParameter.TPVarianceSyntax.Contravariance:
-          variance = "-";
-          break;
+          return "-";
         default:
           Contract.Assert(false);  // unexpected VarianceSyntax
           throw new cce.UnreachableException();
       }
-      return variance + tp.Name + TPCharacteristicsSuffix(tp.Characteristics);
     }
 
     private void PrintArrowType(string arrow, string internalName, List<TypeParameter> typeArgs) {
@@ -822,7 +826,7 @@ private void PrintTypeInstantiation(List<Type> typeArgs) {
       wr.Write(Type.TypeArgsToString(options, typeArgs));
     }
 
-    public void PrintDatatype(DatatypeDecl dt, int indent, string fileBeingPrinted) {
+    public void PrintDatatype(DatatypeDecl dt, int indent, DafnyProject dafnyProject) {
       Contract.Requires(dt != null);
       Indent(indent);
       PrintClassMethodHelper(dt is IndDatatypeDecl ? "datatype" : "codatatype", dt.Attributes, dt.Name, dt.TypeArgs);
@@ -841,7 +845,7 @@ public void PrintDatatype(DatatypeDecl dt, int indent, string fileBeingPrinted)
         wr.WriteLine();
       } else {
         wr.WriteLine(" {");
-        PrintMembers(dt.Members, indent + IndentAmount, fileBeingPrinted);
+        PrintMembers(dt.Members, indent + IndentAmount, dafnyProject);
         Indent(indent);
         wr.WriteLine("}");
       }
@@ -924,7 +928,7 @@ public void PrintFunction(Function f, int indent, bool printSignatureOnly) {
         if (f is ExtremePredicate) {
           PrintKTypeIndication(((ExtremePredicate)f).TypeOfK);
         }
-        PrintFormals(f.Formals, f, f.Name);
+        PrintFormals(f.Ins, f, f.Name);
         if (f.Result != null || (f is not Predicate && f is not ExtremePredicate && f is not TwoStatePredicate && f is not PrefixPredicate)) {
           wr.Write(": ");
           if (f.Result != null) {
@@ -972,18 +976,18 @@ void Indent(int amount) {
     }
 
     private bool PrintModeSkipFunctionOrMethod(bool IsGhost, Attributes attributes, string name) {
-      if (printMode == PrintModes.NoGhost && IsGhost) { return true; }
-      if (printMode == PrintModes.NoIncludes || printMode == PrintModes.NoGhost) {
+      if (printMode == PrintModes.NoGhostOrIncludes && IsGhost) { return true; }
+      if (printMode == PrintModes.NoIncludes || printMode == PrintModes.NoGhostOrIncludes) {
         bool verify = true;
         if (Attributes.ContainsBool(attributes, "verify", ref verify) && !verify) { return true; }
-        if (name.Contains("INTERNAL") || name.StartsWith(RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix)) { return true; }
+        if (name.Contains("INTERNAL") || name.StartsWith(HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix)) { return true; }
       }
       return false;
     }
 
-    private bool PrintModeSkipGeneral(IToken tok, string fileBeingPrinted) {
-      return (printMode == PrintModes.NoIncludes || printMode == PrintModes.NoGhost)
-             && tok.Uri != null && fileBeingPrinted != null && tok.Uri.LocalPath != fileBeingPrinted;
+    private bool PrintModeSkipGeneral(DafnyProject project, IToken tok) {
+      return (printMode == PrintModes.NoIncludes || printMode == PrintModes.NoGhostOrIncludes)
+             && tok.Uri != null && !project.ContainsSourceFile(tok.Uri);
     }
 
     public void PrintMethod(Method method, int indent, bool printSignatureOnly) {
@@ -1108,7 +1112,7 @@ void PrintFormal(Formal f, bool showNewKeyword) {
 
     internal void PrintDecreasesSpec(Specification<Expression> decs, int indent) {
       Contract.Requires(decs != null);
-      if (printMode == PrintModes.NoGhost) { return; }
+      if (printMode == PrintModes.NoGhostOrIncludes) { return; }
       if (decs.Expressions != null && decs.Expressions.Count != 0) {
         wr.WriteLine();
         Indent(indent);
@@ -1137,7 +1141,7 @@ internal void PrintFrameSpecLine(string kind, Specification<FrameExpression> ee,
     internal void PrintSpec(string kind, List<AttributedExpression> ee, int indent) {
       Contract.Requires(kind != null);
       Contract.Requires(ee != null);
-      if (printMode == PrintModes.NoGhost) { return; }
+      if (printMode == PrintModes.NoGhostOrIncludes) { return; }
       foreach (AttributedExpression e in ee) {
         Contract.Assert(e != null);
         wr.WriteLine();
@@ -1181,9 +1185,13 @@ public void PrintType(string prefix, Type ty) {
     }
 
     public string TPCharacteristicsSuffix(TypeParameter.TypeParameterCharacteristics characteristics) {
+      return TPCharacteristicsSuffix(characteristics, options.DafnyPrintResolvedFile != null);
+    }
+
+    public static string TPCharacteristicsSuffix(TypeParameter.TypeParameterCharacteristics characteristics, bool printInferredTypeCharacteristics) {
       string s = null;
       if (characteristics.EqualitySupport == TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.Required ||
-        (characteristics.EqualitySupport == TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired && options.DafnyPrintResolvedFile != null)) {
+          (characteristics.EqualitySupport == TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired && printInferredTypeCharacteristics)) {
         s = "==";
       }
       if (characteristics.HasCompiledValue) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ProgramParser.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ProgramParser.cs
index 0e892ca2f89..8c6ea9f3a4e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ProgramParser.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Grammar/ProgramParser.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
@@ -40,8 +41,8 @@ public virtual async Task<Program> ParseFiles(string programName, IReadOnlyList<
     var defaultModule = new DefaultModuleDefinition();
 
     var rootSourceUris = files.Select(f => f.Uri).ToList();
-    var verifiedRoots = files.Where(df => df.IsPreverified).Select(df => df.Uri).ToHashSet();
-    var compiledRoots = files.Where(df => df.IsPrecompiled).Select(df => df.Uri).ToHashSet();
+    var verifiedRoots = files.Where(df => df.ShouldNotVerify).Select(df => df.Uri).ToHashSet();
+    var compiledRoots = files.Where(df => df.ShouldNotCompile).Select(df => df.Uri).ToHashSet();
     var compilation = new CompilationData(errorReporter, defaultModule.Includes, rootSourceUris, verifiedRoots,
       compiledRoots);
     var program = new Program(
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ public virtual async Task<Program> ParseFiles(string programName, IReadOnlyList<
       }
 
       var parseResult = ParseFileWithErrorHandling(
-        dafnyFile.ParseOptions,
+        dafnyFile.FileOptions,
         dafnyFile.GetContent,
         dafnyFile.Origin,
         dafnyFile.Uri,
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ public virtual async Task<Program> ParseFiles(string programName, IReadOnlyList<
     }
 
     if (!(options.DisallowIncludes || options.PrintIncludesMode == DafnyOptions.IncludesModes.Immediate)) {
-      var includedModules = await TryParseIncludes(files, defaultModule.Includes.ToList(),
+      var includedModules = TryParseIncludes(files, defaultModule.Includes.ToList(),
         builtIns, errorReporter, cancellationToken);
 
       foreach (var module in includedModules) {
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ public virtual async Task<Program> ParseFiles(string programName, IReadOnlyList<
       // if we're building a .doo file.
       // See comment on LibraryBackend.DooFile.
       if (program.Options.Backend is LibraryBackend libBackend) {
-        libBackend.ProgramAfterParsing = new Program(new Cloner(true), program);
+        program.AfterParsingClone = new Program(new Cloner(true), program);
       }
     }
 
@@ -134,8 +135,7 @@ private DfyParseResult ParseFileWithErrorHandling(DafnyOptions options,
 
       var reporter = new BatchErrorReporter(options);
       reporter.Error(MessageSource.Parser, ErrorId.p_internal_exception, internalErrorDummyToken,
-        "[internal error] Parser exception: " + e.Message + (!options.Verbose ? "" :
-          "\n" + e.StackTrace));
+        "[internal error] Parser exception: " + e.Message + "\n" + e.StackTrace);
       return new DfyParseResult(reporter, new FileModuleDefinition(Token.NoToken), new Action<SystemModuleManager>[] { });
     }
   }
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ public static void MoveModuleContents(ModuleDefinition sourceModule, ModuleDefin
     }
   }
 
-  public async Task<IList<DfyParseResult>> TryParseIncludes(
+  public IList<DfyParseResult> TryParseIncludes(
     IReadOnlyList<DafnyFile> files,
     IEnumerable<Include> roots,
     SystemModuleManager systemModuleManager,
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ CancellationToken cancellationToken
     }
 
     foreach (var root in roots) {
-      var dafnyFile = await IncludeToDafnyFile(systemModuleManager, errorReporter, root);
+      var dafnyFile = IncludeToDafnyFile(errorReporter, root);
       if (dafnyFile != null) {
         stack.Push(dafnyFile);
       }
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ CancellationToken cancellationToken
 
       cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
       var parseIncludeResult = ParseFileWithErrorHandling(
-        errorReporter.Options,
+        top.FileOptions,
         top.GetContent,
         top.Origin,
         top.Uri,
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ CancellationToken cancellationToken
       result.Add(parseIncludeResult);
 
       foreach (var include in parseIncludeResult.Module.Includes) {
-        var dafnyFile = await IncludeToDafnyFile(systemModuleManager, errorReporter, include);
+        var dafnyFile = IncludeToDafnyFile(errorReporter, include);
         if (dafnyFile != null) {
           stack.Push(dafnyFile);
         }
@@ -252,8 +252,8 @@ CancellationToken cancellationToken
     return result;
   }
 
-  private Task<DafnyFile> IncludeToDafnyFile(SystemModuleManager systemModuleManager, ErrorReporter errorReporter, Include include) {
-    return DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(errorReporter, fileSystem, systemModuleManager.Options, include.IncludedFilename, include.tok);
+  private DafnyFile IncludeToDafnyFile(ErrorReporter errorReporter, Include include) {
+    return DafnyFile.HandleDafnyFile(fileSystem, errorReporter, include.ParseOptions, include.IncludedFilename, include.tok, false);
   }
 
   ///<summary>
@@ -309,8 +309,8 @@ private static Parser SetupParser(string s /*!*/, Uri uri /*!*/,
 
   public async Task<Program> Parse(string source, Uri uri, ErrorReporter reporter) {
     var fs = new InMemoryFileSystem(ImmutableDictionary<Uri, string>.Empty.Add(uri, source));
-    var file = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(reporter, fs, reporter.Options, uri, Token.NoToken);
-    var files = file == null ? Array.Empty<DafnyFile>() : new[] { file };
+    var file = DafnyFile.HandleDafnyFile(fs, reporter, reporter.Options, uri, Token.NoToken, false);
+    var files = new[] { file };
     return await ParseFiles(uri.ToString(), files, reporter, CancellationToken.None);
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/IHasUsages.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/IHasReferences.cs
similarity index 86%
rename from Source/DafnyCore/AST/IHasUsages.cs
rename to Source/DafnyCore/AST/IHasReferences.cs
index 31c31f280a0..9cade2c0e90 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/IHasUsages.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/IHasReferences.cs
@@ -5,12 +5,15 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public interface IDeclarationOrUsage : INode {
-  IToken NameToken { get; }
+/// <summary>
+/// Node that has a token that is used to navigate to this node
+/// </summary>
+public interface IHasNavigationToken : INode {
+  IToken NavigationToken { get; }
 }
 
-public interface IHasUsages : IDeclarationOrUsage {
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations();
+public interface IHasReferences : IHasNavigationToken {
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences();
 }
 
 /// <summary>
@@ -59,8 +62,8 @@ public static string AsText(this IVariable variable) {
   }
 }
 
-public interface ISymbol : IDeclarationOrUsage {
-  SymbolKind Kind { get; }
+public interface ISymbol : IHasNavigationToken {
+  SymbolKind? Kind { get; }
 
   string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options);
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Include.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Include.cs
index 844772c7b17..a1670b93740 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Include.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Include.cs
@@ -5,14 +5,16 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public class Include : TokenNode, IComparable {
+  public DafnyOptions ParseOptions { get; }
   public Uri IncluderFilename { get; }
   public Uri IncludedFilename { get; }
   public string CanonicalPath { get; }
 
-  public Include(IToken tok, Uri includer, Uri theFilename) {
+  public Include(IToken tok, Uri includer, Uri theFilename, DafnyOptions parseOptions) {
     this.tok = tok;
     this.IncluderFilename = includer;
     this.IncludedFilename = theFilename;
+    ParseOptions = parseOptions;
     this.CanonicalPath = DafnyFile.Canonicalize(theFilename.LocalPath).LocalPath;
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ConstantField.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ConstantField.cs
index 7ec15279603..2aba49f9ccc 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ConstantField.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ConstantField.cs
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ public override bool CanBeRevealed() {
   public ModuleDefinition EnclosingModule { get { return this.EnclosingClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition; } }
   public bool MustReverify { get { return false; } }
   public bool AllowsNontermination { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
+  CodeGenIdGenerator ICodeContext.CodeGenIdGenerator => CodeGenIdGenerator;
+
   public string NameRelativeToModule {
     get {
       if (EnclosingClass is DefaultClassDecl) {
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ public bool InferredDecreases {
   public bool AllowsAllocation => true;
 
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => base.Children.Concat(new[] { Rhs }.Where(x => x != null));
-  public override SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Constant;
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Constant;
 
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => Children;
   public ModuleDefinition ContainingModule => EnclosingModule;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Constructor.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Constructor.cs
index 7c8b2b7bb4e..b40feeaf963 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Constructor.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Constructor.cs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
     Contract.Invariant(Body == null || Body is DividedBlockStmt);
   }
 
-  public override SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Constructor;
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Constructor;
   protected override string GetQualifiedName() {
     return EnclosingClass.Name;
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ExtremePredicate.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ExtremePredicate.cs
index cb1e5d21517..1c66676e6a5 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ExtremePredicate.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ExtremePredicate.cs
@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ public bool KNat {
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => base.Children;
 
   public ExtremePredicate(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isOpaque, KType typeOfK,
-    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> formals, Formal result,
+    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> ins, Formal result,
     List<AttributedExpression> req, Specification<FrameExpression> reads, List<AttributedExpression> ens,
     Expression body, Attributes attributes, IToken signatureEllipsis)
-    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, true, isOpaque, typeArgs, formals, result, Type.Bool,
+    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, true, isOpaque, typeArgs, ins, result, Type.Bool,
       req, reads, ens, new Specification<Expression>(new List<Expression>(), null), body, null, null, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
     TypeOfK = typeOfK;
   }
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ public FunctionCallExpr CreatePrefixPredicateCall(FunctionCallExpr fexp, Express
 public class GreatestPredicate : ExtremePredicate {
   public override string WhatKind => "greatest predicate";
   public GreatestPredicate(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isOpaque, KType typeOfK,
-    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> formals, Formal result,
+    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> ins, Formal result,
     List<AttributedExpression> req, Specification<FrameExpression> reads, List<AttributedExpression> ens,
     Expression body, Attributes attributes, IToken signatureEllipsis)
-    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, isOpaque, typeOfK, typeArgs, formals, result,
+    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, isOpaque, typeOfK, typeArgs, ins, result,
       req, reads, ens, body, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
   }
 }
@@ -64,10 +64,10 @@ public GreatestPredicate(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword
 public class LeastPredicate : ExtremePredicate {
   public override string WhatKind => "least predicate";
   public LeastPredicate(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isOpaque, KType typeOfK,
-    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> formals, Formal result,
+    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> ins, Formal result,
     List<AttributedExpression> req, Specification<FrameExpression> reads, List<AttributedExpression> ens,
     Expression body, Attributes attributes, IToken signatureEllipsis)
-    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, isOpaque, typeOfK, typeArgs, formals, result,
+    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, isOpaque, typeOfK, typeArgs, ins, result,
       req, reads, ens, body, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Field.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Field.cs
index eaf9aa29b1a..5bd74bd21b7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Field.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Field.cs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class Field : MemberDecl, ICanFormat, IHasDocstring, ISymbol {
+public class Field : MemberDecl, ICanFormat, IHasDocstring {
   public override string WhatKind => "field";
   public readonly bool IsMutable;  // says whether or not the field can ever change values
   public readonly bool IsUserMutable;  // says whether or not code is allowed to assign to the field (IsUserMutable implies IsMutable)
@@ -96,9 +96,9 @@ public string GetTriviaContainingDocstring() {
     return GetTriviaContainingDocstringFromStartTokenOrNull();
   }
 
-  public virtual SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Field;
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Field;
 
-  public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
+  public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     var prefix = IsMutable ? "var" : "const";
     return $"{prefix} {AstExtensions.GetMemberQualification(this)}{Name}: {Type}";
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Function.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Function.cs
index 84cc33ba36a..714be37301a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Function.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Function.cs
@@ -52,12 +52,9 @@ public override bool CanBeRevealed() {
     return true;
   }
 
-  public bool HasPostcondition =>
+  public override bool HasPostcondition =>
     Ens.Count > 0 || ResultType.AsSubsetType is not null;
 
-  public bool HasPrecondition =>
-    Req.Count > 0 || Formals.Any(f => f.Type.AsSubsetType is not null);
-
   public override IEnumerable<Assumption> Assumptions(Declaration decl) {
     foreach (var a in base.Assumptions(this)) {
       yield return a;
@@ -96,11 +93,22 @@ public TailStatus
   public bool IsTailRecursive => TailRecursion != TailStatus.NotTailRecursive;
   public bool IsAccumulatorTailRecursive => IsTailRecursive && TailRecursion != TailStatus.TailRecursive;
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public bool IsFueled; // if anyone tries to adjust this function's fuel
-  public readonly List<Formal> Formals;
   public readonly Formal Result;
   public PreType ResultPreType;
   public readonly Type ResultType;
-  public readonly Specification<FrameExpression> Reads;
+  public Type OriginalResultTypeWithRenamings() {
+    if (OverriddenFunction == null) {
+      return ResultType;
+    }
+
+    Contract.Assert(TypeArgs.Count == OverriddenFunction.TypeArgs.Count);
+    var renamings = new Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type>();
+    for (var i = 0; i < TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
+      renamings.Add(OverriddenFunction.TypeArgs[i], new UserDefinedType(tok, TypeArgs[i]));
+    }
+    return OverriddenFunction.ResultType.Subst(renamings);
+
+  }
   public Expression Body; // an extended expression; Body is readonly after construction, except for any kind of rewrite that may take place around the time of resolution
   public IToken /*?*/ ByMethodTok; // null iff ByMethodBody is null
   public BlockStmt /*?*/ ByMethodBody;
@@ -140,7 +148,7 @@ public enum TailStatus {
     Concat<Node>(Req).
     Concat(Ens.Select(e => e.E)).
     Concat(Decreases.Expressions).
-    Concat(Formals).
+    Concat(Ins).
     Concat(Result != null ? new List<Node>() { Result } : new List<Node>()).
     Concat(ResultType != null ? new List<Node>() { ResultType } : new List<Node>()).
     Concat(Body == null ? Enumerable.Empty<Node>() : new[] { Body });
@@ -151,13 +159,13 @@ public enum TailStatus {
     Concat<Node>(Req).
     Concat(Ens).
     Concat(Decreases.Expressions.Where(expression => expression is not AutoGeneratedExpression)).
-    Concat(Formals).Concat(ResultType != null && ResultType.tok.line > 0 ? new List<Node>() { ResultType } : new List<Node>()).
+    Concat(Ins).Concat(ResultType != null && ResultType.tok.line > 0 ? new List<Node>() { ResultType } : new List<Node>()).
     Concat(Body == null ? Enumerable.Empty<Node>() : new[] { Body }).
     Concat(ByMethodBody == null ? Enumerable.Empty<Node>() : new[] { ByMethodBody });
 
   public override IEnumerable<Expression> SubExpressions {
     get {
-      foreach (var formal in Formals.Where(f => f.DefaultValue != null)) {
+      foreach (var formal in Ins.Where(f => f.DefaultValue != null)) {
         yield return formal.DefaultValue;
       }
       foreach (var e in Req) {
@@ -180,10 +188,10 @@ public override IEnumerable<Expression> SubExpressions {
 
   public Type GetMemberType(ArrowTypeDecl atd) {
     Contract.Requires(atd != null);
-    Contract.Requires(atd.Arity == Formals.Count);
+    Contract.Requires(atd.Arity == Ins.Count);
 
     // Note, the following returned type can contain type parameters from the function and its enclosing class
-    return new ArrowType(tok, atd, Formals.ConvertAll(f => f.Type), ResultType);
+    return new ArrowType(tok, atd, Ins.ConvertAll(f => f.Type), ResultType);
   }
 
   public bool AllowsNontermination {
@@ -192,6 +200,8 @@ public bool AllowsNontermination {
     }
   }
 
+  CodeGenIdGenerator ICodeContext.CodeGenIdGenerator => CodeGenIdGenerator;
+
   /// <summary>
   /// The "AllCalls" field is used for non-ExtremePredicate, non-PrefixPredicate functions only (so its value should not be relied upon for ExtremePredicate and PrefixPredicate functions).
   /// It records all function calls made by the Function, including calls made in the body as well as in the specification.
@@ -209,7 +219,7 @@ public enum CoCallClusterInvolvement {
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
   void ObjectInvariant() {
     Contract.Invariant(cce.NonNullElements(TypeArgs));
-    Contract.Invariant(cce.NonNullElements(Formals));
+    Contract.Invariant(cce.NonNullElements(Ins));
     Contract.Invariant(ResultType != null);
     Contract.Invariant(cce.NonNullElements(Req));
     Contract.Invariant(Reads != null);
@@ -218,16 +228,16 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
   }
 
   public Function(RangeToken range, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isGhost, bool isOpaque,
-    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> formals, Formal result, Type resultType,
+    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> ins, Formal result, Type resultType,
     List<AttributedExpression> req, Specification<FrameExpression> reads, List<AttributedExpression> ens, Specification<Expression> decreases,
     Expression/*?*/ body, IToken/*?*/ byMethodTok, BlockStmt/*?*/ byMethodBody,
     Attributes attributes, IToken/*?*/ signatureEllipsis)
-    : base(range, name, hasStaticKeyword, isGhost, attributes, signatureEllipsis != null, typeArgs, req, ens, decreases) {
+    : base(range, name, hasStaticKeyword, isGhost, attributes, signatureEllipsis != null, typeArgs, ins, req, ens, decreases) {
 
     Contract.Requires(tok != null);
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(typeArgs));
-    Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(formals));
+    Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(ins));
     Contract.Requires(resultType != null);
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(req));
     Contract.Requires(reads != null);
@@ -235,7 +245,6 @@ public Function(RangeToken range, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isGhost
     Contract.Requires(decreases != null);
     Contract.Requires(byMethodBody == null || (!isGhost && body != null)); // function-by-method has a ghost expr and non-ghost stmt, but to callers appears like a functiion-method
     this.IsFueled = false;  // Defaults to false.  Only set to true if someone mentions this function in a fuel annotation
-    this.Formals = formals;
     this.Result = result;
     this.ResultType = result != null ? result.Type : resultType;
     this.Reads = reads;
@@ -267,7 +276,7 @@ public Function(RangeToken range, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isGhost
 
   bool ICodeContext.IsGhost { get { return IsGhost; } }
   List<TypeParameter> ICodeContext.TypeArgs { get { return TypeArgs; } }
-  List<Formal> ICodeContext.Ins { get { return Formals; } }
+  List<Formal> ICodeContext.Ins { get { return Ins; } }
   string ICallable.NameRelativeToModule {
     get {
       if (EnclosingClass is DefaultClassDecl) {
@@ -320,8 +329,7 @@ static Function() {
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(FunctionSyntaxOption, (options, value) => {
       options.FunctionSyntax = functionSyntaxOptionsMap[value];
     });
-
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(FunctionSyntaxOption);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(FunctionSyntaxOption, OptionScope.Module);
   }
 
   public bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
@@ -330,7 +338,7 @@ public bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
       formatter.SetDelimiterIndentedRegions(BodyStartTok, indentBefore);
     }
 
-    formatter.SetFormalsIndentation(Formals);
+    formatter.SetFormalsIndentation(Ins);
     if (Result is { } outFormal) {
       formatter.SetTypeIndentation(outFormal.SyntacticType);
     }
@@ -364,6 +372,10 @@ public bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
   protected override bool Bodyless => Body == null;
   protected override string TypeName => "function";
 
+  public void ResolveNewOrOldPart(INewOrOldResolver resolver) {
+    ResolveMethodOrFunction(resolver);
+  }
+
   /// <summary>
   /// Assumes type parameters have already been pushed
   /// </summary>
@@ -372,7 +384,7 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver) {
     Contract.Requires(resolver.AllTypeConstraints.Count == 0);
     Contract.Ensures(resolver.AllTypeConstraints.Count == 0);
 
-    base.Resolve(resolver);
+    ResolveNewOrOldPart(resolver);
 
     // make note of the warnShadowing attribute
     bool warnShadowingOption = resolver.Options.WarnShadowing;  // save the original warnShadowing value
@@ -386,20 +398,21 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver) {
       resolver.scope.AllowInstance = false;
     }
 
-    foreach (Formal p in Formals) {
+    foreach (Formal p in Ins) {
       resolver.scope.Push(p.Name, p);
     }
 
-    resolver.ResolveParameterDefaultValues(Formals, ResolutionContext.FromCodeContext(this));
+    resolver.ResolveParameterDefaultValues(Ins, ResolutionContext.FromCodeContext(this));
 
+    var contractContext = new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateFunction);
     foreach (var req in Req) {
-      resolver.ResolveAttributes(req, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateFunction));
+      resolver.ResolveAttributes(req, contractContext);
       Expression r = req.E;
-      resolver.ResolveExpression(r, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateFunction));
+      resolver.ResolveExpression(r, contractContext);
       Contract.Assert(r.Type != null);  // follows from postcondition of ResolveExpression
       resolver.ConstrainTypeExprBool(r, "Precondition must be a boolean (got {0})");
     }
-    resolver.ResolveAttributes(Reads, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateFunction));
+    resolver.ResolveAttributes(Reads, contractContext);
     foreach (FrameExpression fr in Reads.Expressions) {
       resolver.ResolveFrameExpressionTopLevel(fr, FrameExpressionUse.Reads, this);
     }
@@ -410,16 +423,16 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver) {
     }
     foreach (AttributedExpression e in Ens) {
       Expression r = e.E;
-      resolver.ResolveAttributes(e, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateFunction));
-      resolver.ResolveExpression(r, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateFunction) with { InFunctionPostcondition = true });
+      resolver.ResolveAttributes(e, contractContext);
+      resolver.ResolveExpression(r, contractContext with { InFunctionPostcondition = true });
       Contract.Assert(r.Type != null);  // follows from postcondition of ResolveExpression
       resolver.ConstrainTypeExprBool(r, "Postcondition must be a boolean (got {0})");
     }
     resolver.scope.PopMarker(); // function result name
 
-    resolver.ResolveAttributes(Decreases, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateFunction));
+    resolver.ResolveAttributes(Decreases, contractContext);
     foreach (Expression r in Decreases.Expressions) {
-      resolver.ResolveExpression(r, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateFunction));
+      resolver.ResolveExpression(r, contractContext);
       // any type is fine
     }
     resolver.SolveAllTypeConstraints(); // solve type constraints in the specification
@@ -448,7 +461,7 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver) {
     if (Result != null) {
       resolver.scope.Push(Result.Name, Result);  // function return only visible in post-conditions (and in function attributes)
     }
-    resolver.ResolveAttributes(this, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateFunction), true);
+    resolver.ResolveAttributes(this, contractContext, true);
     resolver.scope.PopMarker(); // function result name
 
     resolver.scope.PopMarker(); // formals
@@ -484,23 +497,23 @@ public string GetTriviaContainingDocstring() {
     return null;
   }
 
-  public SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Function;
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Function;
   public bool ShouldVerify => true; // This could be made more accurate
   public ModuleDefinition ContainingModule => EnclosingClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition;
-  public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
-    var formals = string.Join(", ", Formals.Select(f => f.AsText()));
+  public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
+    var formals = string.Join(", ", Ins.Select(f => f.AsText()));
     var resultType = ResultType.TypeName(options, null, false);
     return $"{WhatKind} {AstExtensions.GetMemberQualification(this)}{Name}({formals}): {resultType}";
   }
 
-  public void AutoRevealDependencies(AutoRevealFunctionDependencies Rewriter, DafnyOptions Options,
-    ErrorReporter Reporter) {
+  public void AutoRevealDependencies(AutoRevealFunctionDependencies rewriter, DafnyOptions options,
+    ErrorReporter reporter) {
     if (Body is null) {
       return;
     }
 
     if (ByMethodDecl is not null) {
-      ByMethodDecl.AutoRevealDependencies(Rewriter, Options, Reporter);
+      ByMethodDecl.AutoRevealDependencies(rewriter, options, reporter);
     }
 
     object autoRevealDepsVal = null;
@@ -508,7 +521,7 @@ public void AutoRevealDependencies(AutoRevealFunctionDependencies Rewriter, Dafn
       ref autoRevealDepsVal, new List<Attributes.MatchingValueOption> {
         Attributes.MatchingValueOption.Bool,
         Attributes.MatchingValueOption.Int
-      }, s => Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Rewriter, ErrorLevel.Error, Tok, s));
+      }, s => reporter.Error(MessageSource.Rewriter, ErrorLevel.Error, Tok, s));
 
     // Default behavior is reveal all dependencies
     int autoRevealDepth = int.MaxValue;
@@ -524,7 +537,7 @@ public void AutoRevealDependencies(AutoRevealFunctionDependencies Rewriter, Dafn
     var currentClass = EnclosingClass;
     List<AutoRevealFunctionDependencies.RevealStmtWithDepth> addedReveals = new();
 
-    foreach (var func in Rewriter.GetEnumerator(this, currentClass, SubExpressions)) {
+    foreach (var func in rewriter.GetEnumerator(this, currentClass, SubExpressions)) {
       var revealStmt =
         AutoRevealFunctionDependencies.BuildRevealStmt(func.Function, Tok, EnclosingClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition);
 
@@ -560,7 +573,7 @@ public void AutoRevealDependencies(AutoRevealFunctionDependencies Rewriter, Dafn
     }
 
     if (addedReveals.Any()) {
-      Reporter.Message(MessageSource.Rewriter, ErrorLevel.Info, null, tok,
+      reporter.Message(MessageSource.Rewriter, ErrorLevel.Info, null, tok,
         AutoRevealFunctionDependencies.GenerateMessage(addedReveals, autoRevealDepth));
     }
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ICodeContext.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ICodeContext.cs
index b314efc9bd0..d01e78f5b6f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ICodeContext.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/ICodeContext.cs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ public interface ICodeContext : IASTVisitorContext {
   bool MustReverify { get; }
   string FullSanitizedName { get; }
   bool AllowsNontermination { get; }
+  CodeGenIdGenerator CodeGenIdGenerator { get; }
 }
 
 
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ public CodeContextWrapper(ICodeContext inner, bool isGhostContext) {
   public bool MustReverify => inner.MustReverify;
   public string FullSanitizedName => inner.FullSanitizedName;
   public bool AllowsNontermination => inner.AllowsNontermination;
+  CodeGenIdGenerator ICodeContext.CodeGenIdGenerator => inner.CodeGenIdGenerator;
 
   public static ICodeContext Unwrap(ICodeContext codeContext) {
     while (codeContext is CodeContextWrapper ccw) {
@@ -46,6 +48,9 @@ public static ICodeContext Unwrap(ICodeContext codeContext) {
   }
 }
 
+interface ICodeContainer {
+  bool ContainsHide { get; set; }
+}
 
 /// <summary>
 /// An ICallable is a Function, Method, IteratorDecl, or (less fitting for the name ICallable) RedirectingTypeDecl or DatatypeDecl.
@@ -91,10 +96,11 @@ public bool InferredDecreases {
 
   public bool AllowsAllocation => CwInner.AllowsAllocation;
 
+  public bool SingleFileToken => CwInner.SingleFileToken;
   public IEnumerable<IToken> OwnedTokens => CwInner.OwnedTokens;
   public RangeToken RangeToken => CwInner.RangeToken;
-  public IToken NameToken => CwInner.NameToken;
-  public SymbolKind Kind => CwInner.Kind;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => CwInner.NavigationToken;
+  public SymbolKind? Kind => CwInner.Kind;
   public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     return CwInner.GetDescription(options);
   }
@@ -102,41 +108,6 @@ public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
   public string Designator => WhatKind;
 }
 
-
-public class DontUseICallable : ICallable {
-  public string WhatKind { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public bool IsGhost { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public List<TypeParameter> TypeArgs { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public List<Formal> Ins { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public ModuleDefinition EnclosingModule { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public bool MustReverify { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public string FullSanitizedName { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public bool AllowsNontermination { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public IToken Tok { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public IEnumerable<INode> Children => throw new cce.UnreachableException();
-  public IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => throw new cce.UnreachableException();
-
-  public string NameRelativeToModule { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public Specification<Expression> Decreases { get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
-  public bool InferredDecreases {
-    get { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); }
-    set { throw new cce.UnreachableException(); }
-  }
-  public bool AllowsAllocation => throw new cce.UnreachableException();
-  public IEnumerable<INode> GetConcreteChildren() {
-    throw new cce.UnreachableException();
-  }
-
-  public IEnumerable<IToken> OwnedTokens => throw new cce.UnreachableException();
-  public RangeToken RangeToken => throw new cce.UnreachableException();
-  public IToken NameToken => throw new cce.UnreachableException();
-  public SymbolKind Kind => throw new cce.UnreachableException();
-  public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
-    throw new cce.UnreachableException();
-  }
-  public string Designator => WhatKind;
-}
-
 /// <summary>
 /// An IMethodCodeContext is a Method or IteratorDecl.
 /// </summary>
@@ -160,6 +131,8 @@ public NoContext(ModuleDefinition module) {
   bool ICodeContext.MustReverify { get { Contract.Assume(false, "should not be called on NoContext"); throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
   public string FullSanitizedName { get { Contract.Assume(false, "should not be called on NoContext"); throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
   public bool AllowsNontermination { get { Contract.Assume(false, "should not be called on NoContext"); throw new cce.UnreachableException(); } }
+  CodeGenIdGenerator ICodeContext.CodeGenIdGenerator { get; } = new();
+
   public bool AllowsAllocation => true;
 }
 
@@ -172,10 +145,12 @@ public interface RedirectingTypeDecl : ICallable {
   Attributes Attributes { get; }
   ModuleDefinition Module { get; }
   BoundVar/*?*/ Var { get; }
+  PreType BasePreType { get; }
+  Type BaseType { get; }
   Expression/*?*/ Constraint { get; }
   SubsetTypeDecl.WKind WitnessKind { get; }
   Expression/*?*/ Witness { get; }  // non-null iff WitnessKind is Compiled or Ghost
-  FreshIdGenerator IdGenerator { get; }
+  VerificationIdGenerator IdGenerator { get; }
 
   [FilledInDuringResolution] bool ConstraintIsCompilable { get; set; }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/MemberDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/MemberDecl.cs
index 96e7947c802..4c8a515c46e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/MemberDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/MemberDecl.cs
@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Auditor;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public abstract class MemberDecl : Declaration {
+public abstract class MemberDecl : Declaration, ISymbol {
   public abstract string WhatKind { get; }
   public string WhatKindAndName => $"{WhatKind} '{Name}'";
   public virtual string WhatKindMentionGhost => (IsGhost ? "ghost " : "") + WhatKind;
@@ -96,7 +97,8 @@ public virtual string FullName {
   public override string SanitizedName =>
     (Name == EnclosingClass.Name ? "_" : "") + base.SanitizedName;
 
-  public override string GetCompileName(DafnyOptions options) => (Name == EnclosingClass.Name ? "_" : "") + base.GetCompileName(options);
+  public override string GetCompileName(DafnyOptions options) =>
+    (Name == EnclosingClass.Name ? "_" : "") + base.GetCompileName(options);
 
   public virtual string FullSanitizedName {
     get {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Method.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Method.cs
index c4937dc3aca..37b7958ab35 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Method.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Method.cs
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.CommandLine;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Numerics;
+using DafnyCore;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Auditor;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 
@@ -9,20 +12,29 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public class Method : MethodOrFunction, TypeParameter.ParentType,
   IMethodCodeContext, ICanFormat, IHasDocstring, IHasSymbolChildren, ICanAutoRevealDependencies, ICanVerify {
+
+  public static readonly Option<bool> ReadsClausesOnMethods = new("--reads-clauses-on-methods",
+    "Allows reads clauses on methods (with a default of 'reads *') as well as functions."
+  );
+
+  static Method() {
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyUi(ReadsClausesOnMethods, DafnyOptions.ParseBoolean, "Language feature selection", "readsClausesOnMethods", @"
+0 (default) - Reads clauses on methods are forbidden.
+1 - Reads clauses on methods are permitted (with a default of 'reads *').".TrimStart(), defaultValue: false);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(ReadsClausesOnMethods, OptionCompatibility.CheckOptionLocalImpliesLibrary);
+  }
+
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => new Node[] { Body, Decreases }.Where(x => x != null).
     Concat(Ins).Concat(Outs).Concat<Node>(TypeArgs).
     Concat(Req).Concat(Ens).Concat(Reads.Expressions).Concat(Mod.Expressions);
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => Children;
-
   public override string WhatKind => "method";
   public bool SignatureIsOmitted { get { return SignatureEllipsis != null; } }
   public readonly IToken SignatureEllipsis;
   public readonly bool IsByMethod;
   public bool MustReverify;
   public bool IsEntryPoint = false;
-  public readonly List<Formal> Ins;
   public readonly List<Formal> Outs;
-  public readonly Specification<FrameExpression> Reads;
   public readonly Specification<FrameExpression> Mod;
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public bool IsRecursive;
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public bool IsTailRecursive;
@@ -32,11 +44,10 @@ public class Method : MethodOrFunction, TypeParameter.ParentType,
   public Method Original => OverriddenMethod == null ? this : OverriddenMethod.Original;
   public override bool IsOverrideThatAddsBody => base.IsOverrideThatAddsBody && Body != null;
 
-  public bool HasPostcondition =>
-    Ens.Count > 0 || Outs.Any(f => f.Type.AsSubsetType is not null);
-
-  public bool HasPrecondition =>
-    Req.Count > 0 || Ins.Any(f => f.Type.AsSubsetType is not null);
+  public override bool HasPostcondition =>
+    Ens.Count > 0
+    // This check is incomplete, which is a bug
+    || Outs.Any(f => f.Type.AsSubsetType is not null);
 
   public override IEnumerable<Assumption> Assumptions(Declaration decl) {
     foreach (var a in base.Assumptions(this)) {
@@ -109,7 +120,6 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
   }
 
   public Method(Cloner cloner, Method original) : base(cloner, original) {
-    this.Ins = original.Ins.ConvertAll(p => cloner.CloneFormal(p, false));
     if (original.Outs != null) {
       this.Outs = original.Outs.ConvertAll(p => cloner.CloneFormal(p, false));
     }
@@ -131,9 +141,10 @@ public Method(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name,
     [Captured] List<AttributedExpression> ens,
     [Captured] Specification<Expression> decreases,
     [Captured] BlockStmt body,
-    Attributes attributes, IToken signatureEllipsis, bool isByMethod = false)
+    Attributes attributes, IToken signatureEllipsis,
+    bool isByMethod = false)
     : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, isGhost, attributes, signatureEllipsis != null,
-      typeArgs, req, ens, decreases) {
+      typeArgs, ins, req, ens, decreases) {
     Contract.Requires(rangeToken != null);
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(typeArgs));
@@ -144,7 +155,6 @@ public Method(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name,
     Contract.Requires(mod != null);
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(ens));
     Contract.Requires(decreases != null);
-    this.Ins = ins;
     this.Outs = outs;
     this.Reads = reads;
     this.Mod = mod;
@@ -190,6 +200,8 @@ public bool AllowsNontermination {
     }
   }
 
+  CodeGenIdGenerator ICodeContext.CodeGenIdGenerator => CodeGenIdGenerator;
+
   public override string GetCompileName(DafnyOptions options) {
     var nm = base.GetCompileName(options);
     if (nm == Dafny.Compilers.SinglePassCodeGenerator.DefaultNameMain && IsStatic && !IsEntryPoint) {
@@ -252,7 +264,7 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver) {
     Contract.Requires(resolver.AllTypeConstraints.Count == 0);
     Contract.Ensures(resolver.AllTypeConstraints.Count == 0);
 
-    base.Resolve(resolver);
+    ResolveMethodOrFunction(resolver);
 
     try {
       resolver.currentMethod = this;
@@ -273,29 +285,31 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver) {
         resolver.scope.Push(p.Name, p);
       }
 
-      resolver.ResolveParameterDefaultValues(Ins, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateLemma));
+      var resolutionContext = new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateLemma);
+      resolver.ResolveParameterDefaultValues(Ins, resolutionContext);
 
       // Start resolving specification...
       foreach (AttributedExpression e in Req) {
-        resolver.ResolveAttributes(e, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateLemma));
-        resolver.ResolveExpression(e.E, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateLemma));
+        resolver.ResolveAttributes(e, resolutionContext);
+        resolver.ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
         Contract.Assert(e.E.Type != null);  // follows from postcondition of ResolveExpression
         resolver.ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.E, "Precondition must be a boolean (got {0})");
       }
 
-      resolver.ResolveAttributes(Reads, new ResolutionContext(this, false));
+      var context = new ResolutionContext(this, false);
+      resolver.ResolveAttributes(Reads, context);
       foreach (FrameExpression fe in Reads.Expressions) {
         resolver.ResolveFrameExpressionTopLevel(fe, FrameExpressionUse.Reads, this);
       }
 
-      resolver.ResolveAttributes(Mod, new ResolutionContext(this, false));
+      resolver.ResolveAttributes(Mod, context);
       foreach (FrameExpression fe in Mod.Expressions) {
         resolver.ResolveFrameExpressionTopLevel(fe, FrameExpressionUse.Modifies, this);
       }
 
-      resolver.ResolveAttributes(Decreases, new ResolutionContext(this, false));
+      resolver.ResolveAttributes(Decreases, context);
       foreach (Expression e in Decreases.Expressions) {
-        resolver.ResolveExpression(e, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateLemma));
+        resolver.ResolveExpression(e, resolutionContext);
         // any type is fine
       }
 
@@ -321,8 +335,9 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver) {
 
       // ... continue resolving specification
       foreach (AttributedExpression e in Ens) {
-        resolver.ResolveAttributes(e, new ResolutionContext(this, true));
-        resolver.ResolveExpression(e.E, new ResolutionContext(this, true));
+        var ensuresContext = new ResolutionContext(this, true);
+        resolver.ResolveAttributes(e, ensuresContext);
+        resolver.ResolveExpression(e.E, ensuresContext);
         Contract.Assert(e.E.Type != null);  // follows from postcondition of ResolveExpression
         resolver.ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.E, "Postcondition must be a boolean (got {0})");
       }
@@ -356,7 +371,7 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver) {
       }
 
       // attributes are allowed to mention both in- and out-parameters (including the implicit _k, for greatest lemmas)
-      resolver.ResolveAttributes(this, new ResolutionContext(this, this is TwoStateLemma), true);
+      resolver.ResolveAttributes(this, resolutionContext, true);
 
       resolver.Options.WarnShadowing = warnShadowingOption; // restore the original warnShadowing value
       resolver.scope.PopMarker();  // for the out-parameters and outermost-level locals
@@ -383,8 +398,8 @@ public string GetTriviaContainingDocstring() {
     return GetTriviaContainingDocstringFromStartTokenOrNull();
   }
 
-  public virtual SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Method;
-  public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Method;
+  public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     var qualifiedName = GetQualifiedName();
     var signatureWithoutReturn = $"{WhatKind} {qualifiedName}({string.Join(", ", Ins.Select(i => i.AsText()))})";
     if (Outs.Count == 0) {
@@ -473,4 +488,8 @@ public void AutoRevealDependencies(AutoRevealFunctionDependencies Rewriter, Dafn
     }
   }
   public string Designator => WhatKind;
+
+  public void ResolveNewOrOldPart(INewOrOldResolver resolver) {
+    ResolveMethodOrFunction(resolver);
+  }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/MethodOrFunction.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/MethodOrFunction.cs
index 6d824df0558..2b5167ed426 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/MethodOrFunction.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/MethodOrFunction.cs
@@ -1,15 +1,29 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.CommandLine;
+using System.Linq;
+using DafnyCore;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public abstract class MethodOrFunction : MemberDecl {
+public abstract class MethodOrFunction : MemberDecl, ICodeContainer {
+  public static readonly Option<bool> AllowExternalContracts = new("--allow-external-contracts",
+    "Allow exporting callables with preconditions, and importing callables with postconditions");
+
+  static MethodOrFunction() {
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(AllowExternalContracts, OptionCompatibility.OptionLibraryImpliesLocalError);
+  }
+
+  [FilledInDuringResolution]
+  public bool ContainsHide { get; set; }
   public readonly List<TypeParameter> TypeArgs;
   public readonly List<AttributedExpression> Req;
   public readonly List<AttributedExpression> Ens;
   public readonly Specification<Expression> Decreases;
+  public readonly List<Formal> Ins;
 
   protected MethodOrFunction(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isGhost,
-    Attributes attributes, bool isRefining, List<TypeParameter> typeArgs,
+    Attributes attributes, bool isRefining, List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> ins,
     List<AttributedExpression> req,
     List<AttributedExpression> ens,
     Specification<Expression> decreases)
@@ -18,6 +32,7 @@ protected MethodOrFunction(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeywo
     Req = req;
     Decreases = decreases;
     Ens = ens;
+    Ins = ins;
   }
 
   protected MethodOrFunction(Cloner cloner, MethodOrFunction original) : base(cloner, original) {
@@ -25,6 +40,10 @@ protected MethodOrFunction(Cloner cloner, MethodOrFunction original) : base(clon
     this.Req = original.Req.ConvertAll(cloner.CloneAttributedExpr);
     this.Decreases = cloner.CloneSpecExpr(original.Decreases);
     this.Ens = original.Ens.ConvertAll(cloner.CloneAttributedExpr);
+    this.Ins = original.Ins.ConvertAll(p => cloner.CloneFormal(p, false));
+    if (cloner.CloneResolvedFields) {
+      this.ContainsHide = original.ContainsHide;
+    }
   }
 
   protected abstract bool Bodyless { get; }
@@ -37,17 +56,47 @@ public virtual void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver) {
     ResolveMethodOrFunction(resolver);
   }
 
+  public abstract bool HasPostcondition { get; }
+
   public void ResolveMethodOrFunction(INewOrOldResolver resolver) {
-    if (!AutoGeneratedToken.Is(RangeToken) && Bodyless && !IsVirtual && !IsAbstract && !this.IsExtern(resolver.Options) && !this.IsExplicitAxiom()) {
+    var isImported = (Bodyless || !ProgramResolver.ShouldCompile(this)) && this.IsExtern(resolver.Options);
+    if (!resolver.Options.Get(AllowExternalContracts) && HasPostcondition && isImported && !HasAxiomAttribute) {
+      resolver.Reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Verifier, ResolutionErrors.ErrorId.none, Tok,
+        $"when a {WhatKind} is imported, meaning it has no body and an {{:extern}} annotation, " +
+        $"Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). " +
+        $"To silence this warning, please add an {{:axiom}} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.");
+    }
+
+    var isExported = !Bodyless && ProgramResolver.ShouldCompile(this) && this.IsExtern(resolver.Options);
+    if (!resolver.Options.Get(AllowExternalContracts) && HasPrecondition && !HasAxiomAttribute && isExported) {
+      resolver.Reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Verifier, ResolutionErrors.ErrorId.none, Tok,
+        $"when a {WhatKind} is exported, meaning it has a body and an {{:extern}} annotation, " +
+        $"Dafny can not guarantee that it is called with arguments that satisfy its preconditions (its requires clauses and inputs that are subset types). " +
+        $"To silence this warning, please add an {{:axiom}} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'");
+    }
+    if (!AutoGeneratedToken.Is(RangeToken) && HasVerifyFalseAttribute) {
+      resolver.Reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Verifier, ResolutionErrors.ErrorId.none, Tok,
+        $"The {{:verify false}} attribute should only be used during development. " +
+        $"Consider using a bodyless {WhatKind} together with the {{:axiom}} attribute instead");
+    } else if (!AutoGeneratedToken.Is(RangeToken) && Bodyless && !IsVirtual && !IsAbstract
+                 && !this.IsExtern(resolver.Options) && !this.IsExplicitAxiom()) {
       foreach (var ensures in Ens) {
         if (!ensures.IsExplicitAxiom() && !resolver.Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.AllowAxioms)) {
           resolver.Reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Verifier, ResolutionErrors.ErrorId.none, ensures.Tok,
             $"This ensures clause is part of a bodyless {TypeName}. Add the {{:axiom}} attribute to it or the enclosing {TypeName} to suppress this warning");
         }
       }
+
     }
   }
 
+  public bool HasPrecondition =>
+    Req.Count > 0
+    // The following check is incomplete, which is a bug.
+    || Ins.Any(f => f.Type.AsSubsetType is not null);
+
   protected MethodOrFunction(RangeToken tok, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isGhost, Attributes attributes, bool isRefining) : base(tok, name, hasStaticKeyword, isGhost, attributes, isRefining) {
   }
+
+  public Specification<FrameExpression> Reads { get; set; }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Predicate.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Predicate.cs
index 5dc0d8bc560..5a3c8c9eda9 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Predicate.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/Predicate.cs
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ public enum BodyOriginKind {
   }
   public readonly BodyOriginKind BodyOrigin;
   public Predicate(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isGhost, bool isOpaque,
-    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> formals,
+    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> ins,
     Formal result,
     List<AttributedExpression> req, Specification<FrameExpression> reads, List<AttributedExpression> ens, Specification<Expression> decreases,
     Expression body, BodyOriginKind bodyOrigin, IToken/*?*/ byMethodTok, BlockStmt/*?*/ byMethodBody, Attributes attributes, IToken signatureEllipsis)
-    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, isGhost, isOpaque, typeArgs, formals, result, Type.Bool, req, reads, ens, decreases, body, byMethodTok, byMethodBody, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
+    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, isGhost, isOpaque, typeArgs, ins, result, Type.Bool, req, reads, ens, decreases, body, byMethodTok, byMethodBody, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
     Contract.Requires(bodyOrigin == Predicate.BodyOriginKind.OriginalOrInherited || body != null);
     BodyOrigin = bodyOrigin;
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/PrefixPredicate.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/PrefixPredicate.cs
index 2d9698b2005..4a3d9ef6e1f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/PrefixPredicate.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/PrefixPredicate.cs
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ public class PrefixPredicate : Function {
   public readonly Formal K;
   public readonly ExtremePredicate ExtremePred;
   public PrefixPredicate(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword,
-    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, Formal k, List<Formal> formals,
+    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, Formal k, List<Formal> ins,
     List<AttributedExpression> req, Specification<FrameExpression> reads, List<AttributedExpression> ens, Specification<Expression> decreases,
     Expression body, Attributes attributes, ExtremePredicate extremePred)
-    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, true, false, typeArgs, formals, null, Type.Bool, req, reads, ens, decreases, body, null, null, attributes, null) {
+    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, true, false, typeArgs, ins, null, Type.Bool, req, reads, ens, decreases, body, null, null, attributes, null) {
     Contract.Requires(k != null);
     Contract.Requires(extremePred != null);
-    Contract.Requires(formals != null && 1 <= formals.Count && formals[0] == k);
+    Contract.Requires(ins != null && 1 <= ins.Count && ins[0] == k);
     K = k;
     ExtremePred = extremePred;
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/SpecialFunction.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/SpecialFunction.cs
index 5ee59ad77bd..2d0211ba181 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/SpecialFunction.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/SpecialFunction.cs
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 public class SpecialFunction : Function, ICallable {
   readonly ModuleDefinition Module;
   public SpecialFunction(RangeToken rangeToken, string name, ModuleDefinition module, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isGhost,
-    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> formals, Type resultType,
+    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> ins, Type resultType,
     List<AttributedExpression> req, Specification<FrameExpression> reads, List<AttributedExpression> ens, Specification<Expression> decreases,
     Expression body, Attributes attributes, IToken signatureEllipsis)
-    : base(rangeToken, new Name(name), hasStaticKeyword, isGhost, false, typeArgs, formals, null, resultType, req, reads, ens, decreases, body, null, null, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
+    : base(rangeToken, new Name(name), hasStaticKeyword, isGhost, false, typeArgs, ins, null, resultType, req, reads, ens, decreases, body, null, null, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
     Module = module;
   }
   ModuleDefinition IASTVisitorContext.EnclosingModule { get { return this.Module; } }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/TwoStateFunction.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/TwoStateFunction.cs
index 1f153de3c75..8bee9a9fd73 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/TwoStateFunction.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Members/TwoStateFunction.cs
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ public class TwoStateFunction : Function {
   public override string WhatKind => "twostate function";
   public override string WhatKindMentionGhost => WhatKind;
   public TwoStateFunction(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isOpaque,
-    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> formals, Formal result, Type resultType,
+    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> ins, Formal result, Type resultType,
     List<AttributedExpression> req, Specification<FrameExpression> reads, List<AttributedExpression> ens, Specification<Expression> decreases,
     Expression body, Attributes attributes, IToken signatureEllipsis)
-    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, true, isOpaque, typeArgs, formals, result, resultType, req, reads, ens, decreases, body, null, null, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
+    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, true, isOpaque, typeArgs, ins, result, resultType, req, reads, ens, decreases, body, null, null, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
     Contract.Requires(rangeToken != null);
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
     Contract.Requires(typeArgs != null);
-    Contract.Requires(formals != null);
+    Contract.Requires(ins != null);
     Contract.Requires(resultType != null);
     Contract.Requires(req != null);
     Contract.Requires(reads != null);
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@ public TwoStateFunction(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword,
 public class TwoStatePredicate : TwoStateFunction {
   public override string WhatKind => "twostate predicate";
   public TwoStatePredicate(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, bool hasStaticKeyword, bool isOpaque,
-    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> formals, Formal result,
+    List<TypeParameter> typeArgs, List<Formal> ins, Formal result,
     List<AttributedExpression> req, Specification<FrameExpression> reads, List<AttributedExpression> ens, Specification<Expression> decreases,
     Expression body, Attributes attributes, IToken signatureEllipsis)
-    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, isOpaque, typeArgs, formals, result, Type.Bool, req, reads, ens, decreases, body, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
+    : base(rangeToken, name, hasStaticKeyword, isOpaque, typeArgs, ins, result, Type.Bool, req, reads, ens, decreases, body, attributes, signatureEllipsis) {
     Contract.Requires(rangeToken != null);
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
     Contract.Requires(typeArgs != null);
-    Contract.Requires(formals != null);
+    Contract.Requires(ins != null);
     Contract.Requires(req != null);
     Contract.Requires(reads != null);
     Contract.Requires(ens != null);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/AliasModuleDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/AliasModuleDecl.cs
index 29fe792fba8..0f0c46d7d89 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/AliasModuleDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/AliasModuleDecl.cs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
 using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
+using SymbolKind = OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models.SymbolKind;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -50,5 +51,22 @@ public bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
     return true;
   }
 
+  /// <summary>
+  /// If no explicit name is given for an import declaration,
+  /// Then we consider this as a reference, not a declaration, from the IDE perspective.
+  /// So any further references to the imported module then resolve directly to the module,
+  /// Not to this import declaration.
+  ///
+  /// Code wise, it might be better not to let AliasModuleDecl inherit from Declaration,
+  /// since it is not always a declaration. 
+  /// </summary>
+  public override IToken NavigationToken => HasAlias ? base.NavigationToken : (TargetQId.Decl?.NavigationToken ?? base.NavigationToken);
+
+  private bool HasAlias => NameNode.RangeToken.IsSet();
+
+  public override IToken Tok => HasAlias ? NameNode.StartToken : StartToken;
+
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => !HasAlias ? null : base.Kind;
+
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => base.Children.Concat(new INode[] { TargetQId });
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ExportSignature.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ExportSignature.cs
index b74480529bc..788d995e243 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ExportSignature.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ExportSignature.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class ExportSignature : TokenNode, IHasUsages {
+public class ExportSignature : TokenNode, IHasReferences {
   public readonly IToken ClassIdTok;
   public readonly bool Opaque;
   public readonly string ClassId;
@@ -57,10 +57,10 @@ public override string ToString() {
     return Id;
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => Tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => Tok;
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => Enumerable.Empty<Node>();
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => Enumerable.Empty<Node>();
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
     return new[] { Decl };
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/LiteralModuleDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/LiteralModuleDecl.cs
index 81832611c9c..215b9a5b0d0 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/LiteralModuleDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/LiteralModuleDecl.cs
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ public override ModuleSignature AccessibleSignature(bool ignoreExports) {
     }
     return this.AccessibleSignature();
   }
+
+  public override bool SingleFileToken => ModuleDef.SingleFileToken;
+
   public override ModuleSignature AccessibleSignature() {
     if (DefaultExport == null) {
       if (emptySignature == null) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleDecl.cs
index 588913b92a4..daac21ba87f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleDecl.cs
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@ public virtual string GetTriviaContainingDocstring() {
     return GetTriviaContainingDocstringFromStartTokenOrNull();
   }
 
-  public SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Namespace;
-  public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Namespace;
+  public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     return $"module {Name}";
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleDefinition.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleDefinition.cs
index 7a0514e757b..c7b1b971f80 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleDefinition.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleDefinition.cs
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using System.CommandLine;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
+using DafnyCore;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Auditor;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -24,11 +28,24 @@ public enum ImplementationKind {
 public record Implements(ImplementationKind Kind, ModuleQualifiedId Target);
 
 public class ModuleDefinition : RangeNode, IAttributeBearingDeclaration, ICloneable<ModuleDefinition>, IHasSymbolChildren {
+
+  public static readonly Option<bool> LegacyModuleNames = new("--legacy-module-names",
+    @"
+Generate module names in the older A_mB_mC style instead of the current A.B.C scheme".TrimStart()) {
+    IsHidden = true
+  };
+
+  static ModuleDefinition() {
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyUi(LegacyModuleNames, DafnyOptions.ParseBoolean, "Compilation options", legacyName: "legacyModuleNames", defaultValue: false);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(LegacyModuleNames, OptionScope.Translation);
+  }
+
   public IToken BodyStartTok = Token.NoToken;
   public IToken TokenWithTrailingDocString = Token.NoToken;
   public string DafnyName => NameNode.StartToken.val; // The (not-qualified) name as seen in Dafny source code
   public Name NameNode; // (Last segment of the) module name
 
+  public override bool SingleFileToken => !ResolvedPrefixNamedModules.Any();
   public override IToken Tok => NameNode.StartToken;
 
   public string Name => NameNode.Value;
@@ -130,11 +147,12 @@ public ModuleDefinition(Cloner cloner, ModuleDefinition original) : base(cloner,
     // For cloning modules into their compiled variants, we don't want to copy resolved fields, but we do need to copy this.
     // We're hoping to remove the copying of modules into compiled variants altogether,
     // and then this can be moved to inside the `if (cloner.CloneResolvedFields)` block
-    foreach (var tup in original.ResolvedPrefixNamedModules) {
-      ResolvedPrefixNamedModules.Add(cloner.CloneDeclaration(tup, this));
-    }
 
     if (cloner.CloneResolvedFields) {
+      foreach (var tup in original.ResolvedPrefixNamedModules) {
+        ResolvedPrefixNamedModules.Add(cloner.CloneDeclaration(tup, this));
+      }
+
       Height = original.Height;
     }
   }
@@ -212,11 +230,15 @@ public string GetCompileName(DafnyOptions options) {
       if (IsBuiltinName) {
         compileName = Name;
       } else if (EnclosingModule is { TryToAvoidName: false }) {
-        // Include all names in the module tree path, to disambiguate when compiling
-        // a flat list of modules.
-        // Use an "underscore-escaped" character as a module name separator, since
-        // underscores are already used as escape characters in SanitizeName()
-        compileName = EnclosingModule.GetCompileName(options) + options.Backend.ModuleSeparator + NonglobalVariable.SanitizeName(Name);
+        if (options.Get(LegacyModuleNames)) {
+          compileName = SanitizedName;
+        } else {
+          // Include all names in the module tree path, to disambiguate when compiling
+          // a flat list of modules.
+          // Use an "underscore-escaped" character as a module name separator, since
+          // underscores are already used as escape characters in SanitizeName()
+          compileName = EnclosingModule.GetCompileName(options) + options.Backend.ModuleSeparator + NonglobalVariable.SanitizeName(Name);
+        }
       } else {
         compileName = NonglobalVariable.SanitizeName(Name);
       }
@@ -381,7 +403,7 @@ public bool IsEssentiallyEmptyModuleBody() {
     return TopLevelDecls.All(decl => decl.IsEssentiallyEmpty());
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children =>
     (Attributes != null ? new List<Node> { Attributes } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>()).
     Concat(DefaultClasses).
@@ -1049,7 +1071,7 @@ bool InheritsFromObject(TraitDecl traitDecl) {
     return Enumerable.Empty<ISymbol>();
   });
 
-  public SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Namespace;
+  public SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Namespace;
   public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     return $"module {Name}";
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleQualifiedId.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleQualifiedId.cs
index e71f8955e01..4b807d82025 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleQualifiedId.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Modules/ModuleQualifiedId.cs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class ModuleQualifiedId : Node, IHasUsages {
+public class ModuleQualifiedId : Node, IHasReferences {
   public readonly List<Name> Path; // Path != null && Path.Count > 0
 
   // The following are filled in during resolution
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ public override RangeToken RangeToken {
     set => throw new NotSupportedException();
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => Path.Last().StartToken;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => Path.Last().StartToken;
 
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
     // Normally the target should already have been resolved, but in certain conditions like an unused alias module decl,
     // Decl might not be set yet so we need to resolve it here.
     return Enumerable.Repeat(ResolveTarget(new ErrorReporterSink(DafnyOptions.Default)), 1);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Program.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Program.cs
index b4f897463a4..b46d731cc86 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Program.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Program.cs
@@ -39,6 +39,24 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
 
   public ProofDependencyManager ProofDependencyManager { get; set; } = new();
 
+  /// <summary>
+  /// Serializing the state of the Program passed to this backend,
+  /// after resolution, can be problematic.
+  /// If nothing else, very early on in the resolution process
+  /// we create explicit module definitions for implicit ones appearing
+  /// in qualified names such as `module A.B.C { ... }`,
+  /// and this means that multiple .doo files would then not be able to
+  /// share these prefixes without hitting duplicate name errors.
+  ///
+  /// Instead we serialize the state of the program immediately after parsing.
+  /// See also ProgramParser.ParseFiles().
+  /// 
+  /// This could be captured somewhere else, such as on the Program itself,
+  /// if having this state here hampers reuse in the future,
+  /// especially parallel processing.
+  /// </summary>
+  public Program AfterParsingClone { get; set; }
+
   public Program(string name, [Captured] LiteralModuleDecl module, [Captured] SystemModuleManager systemModuleManager, ErrorReporter reporter,
     CompilationData compilation) {
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/ShouldCompileOrVerify.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/ShouldCompileOrVerify.cs
index edf31aae0d9..c63699e789a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/ShouldCompileOrVerify.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/ShouldCompileOrVerify.cs
@@ -26,8 +26,7 @@ public static bool ShouldCompile(this ModuleDefinition module, CompilationData p
     }
 
     if (program.Options.Backend?.TargetId != "lib") {
-      bool compileIt = true;
-      if (Attributes.ContainsBool(module.Attributes, "compile", ref compileIt) && !compileIt) {
+      if (!ProgramResolver.ShouldCompile(module)) {
         return false;
       }
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignOrReturnStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignOrReturnStmt.cs
index 0b6199ae2bb..a598f530af8 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignOrReturnStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignOrReturnStmt.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ public class AssignOrReturnStmt : ConcreteUpdateStatement, ICloneable<AssignOrRe
   public readonly ExprRhs Rhs; // this is the unresolved RHS, and thus can also be a method call
   public readonly List<AssignmentRhs> Rhss;
   public readonly AttributedToken KeywordToken;
+  public readonly BlockStmt Proof;
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public readonly List<Statement> ResolvedStatements = new List<Statement>();
   public override IEnumerable<Statement> SubStatements => ResolvedStatements;
   public override IToken Tok {
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ public override IToken Tok {
     }
   }
 
-  public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => ResolvedStatements;
+  public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => ResolvedStatements.Concat(Proof?.Children ?? new List<INode>());
   public override IEnumerable<Statement> PreResolveSubStatements => Enumerable.Empty<Statement>();
 
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
@@ -43,13 +44,14 @@ public AssignOrReturnStmt(Cloner cloner, AssignOrReturnStmt original) : base(clo
     Rhs = (ExprRhs)cloner.CloneRHS(original.Rhs);
     Rhss = original.Rhss.ConvertAll(cloner.CloneRHS);
     KeywordToken = cloner.AttributedTok(original.KeywordToken);
+    Proof = cloner.CloneBlockStmt(original.Proof);
 
     if (cloner.CloneResolvedFields) {
       ResolvedStatements = original.ResolvedStatements.Select(stmt => cloner.CloneStmt(stmt, false)).ToList();
     }
   }
 
-  public AssignOrReturnStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhss, ExprRhs rhs, AttributedToken keywordToken, List<AssignmentRhs> rhss)
+  public AssignOrReturnStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhss, ExprRhs rhs, AttributedToken keywordToken, List<AssignmentRhs> rhss, BlockStmt proof = null)
     : base(rangeToken, lhss) {
     Contract.Requires(rangeToken != null);
     Contract.Requires(lhss != null);
@@ -59,6 +61,7 @@ public AssignOrReturnStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhss, ExprRhs
     Rhs = rhs;
     Rhss = rhss;
     KeywordToken = keywordToken;
+    Proof = proof;
   }
 
   public override IEnumerable<Expression> PreResolveSubExpressions {
@@ -190,6 +193,8 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver, ResolutionContext resoluti
       return;
     }
 
+    ModuleResolver.ResolveByProof(resolver, Proof, resolutionContext);
+
     Expression lhsExtract = null;
     if (expectExtract) {
       if (resolutionContext.CodeContext is Method caller && caller.Outs.Count == 0 && KeywordToken == null) {
@@ -285,7 +290,7 @@ private void DesugarElephantStatement(bool expectExtract, Expression lhsExtract,
       }
     }
     // " temp, ... := MethodOrExpression, ...;"
-    UpdateStmt up = new UpdateStmt(RangeToken, lhss2, rhss2);
+    UpdateStmt up = new UpdateStmt(RangeToken, lhss2, rhss2, Proof);
     if (expectExtract) {
       up.OriginalInitialLhs = Lhss.Count == 0 ? null : Lhss[0];
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignStmt.cs
index 09f93ed194a..ab73b05d1a1 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignStmt.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,11 @@ public class AssignStmt : Statement, ICloneable<AssignStmt> {
   public readonly AssignmentRhs Rhs;
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => new List<Node> { Lhs, Rhs }.Where(x => x != null);
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => Children;
+
+  public override IEnumerable<IdentifierExpr> GetAssignedLocals() {
+    return new[] { Lhs.Resolved }.OfType<IdentifierExpr>();
+  }
+
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
   void ObjectInvariant() {
     Contract.Invariant(Lhs != null);
@@ -17,13 +22,15 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
 
   public override IToken Tok {
     get {
-      var previous = Rhs.StartToken.Prev;
-      // If there was a single assignment, report on the operator.
-      var singleAssignment = previous.val == ":=";
-      // If there was an implicit return assignment, report on the return.
-      var implicitAssignment = previous.val == "return";
-      if (singleAssignment || implicitAssignment) {
-        return previous;
+      if (Rhs.StartToken.Prev is not null) {
+        var previous = Rhs.StartToken.Prev;
+        // If there was a single assignment, report on the operator.
+        var singleAssignment = previous.val == ":=";
+        // If there was an implicit return assignment, report on the return.
+        var implicitAssignment = previous.val == "return";
+        if (singleAssignment || implicitAssignment) {
+          return previous;
+        }
       }
       return Rhs.StartToken;
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignSuchThatStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignSuchThatStmt.cs
index 1d1db731578..9e28b8bfce7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignSuchThatStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/AssignSuchThatStmt.cs
@@ -77,6 +77,10 @@ public override void GenResolve(INewOrOldResolver resolver, ResolutionContext re
     Contract.Requires(this != null);
     Contract.Requires(resolutionContext != null);
 
+    if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && resolver.Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
+      resolver.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_assign_such_that_forbidden,
+        Tok, "assign-such-that statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+    }
     base.GenResolve(resolver, resolutionContext);
 
     if (AssumeToken != null) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/ConcreteUpdateStatement.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/ConcreteUpdateStatement.cs
index 159ddb223fa..4288038b6c3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/ConcreteUpdateStatement.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/ConcreteUpdateStatement.cs
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ public ConcreteUpdateStatement(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhss, Att
 
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => Lhss;
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => Lhss;
+  public override IEnumerable<IdentifierExpr> GetAssignedLocals() {
+    return Lhss.Select(lhs => lhs.Resolved).OfType<IdentifierExpr>();
+  }
 
   public bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
     return formatter.SetIndentUpdateStmt(this, indentBefore, false);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/HavocRhs.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/HavocRhs.cs
index 73e32f52b8e..6146bc29952 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/HavocRhs.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/HavocRhs.cs
@@ -16,4 +16,10 @@ private HavocRhs(Cloner cloner, HavocRhs havocRhs) : base(cloner, havocRhs) {
   public override bool CanAffectPreviouslyKnownExpressions { get { return false; } }
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => Enumerable.Empty<Node>();
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => Enumerable.Empty<Node>();
+
+  public void Resolve(INewOrOldResolver resolver, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
+    if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && resolver.Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
+      resolver.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_nondeterminism_forbidden, Tok, "nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+    }
+  }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/LocalVariable.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/LocalVariable.cs
index 3ae978865a6..ab2331d019f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/LocalVariable.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/LocalVariable.cs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ public class LocalVariable : RangeNode, IVariable, IAttributeBearingDeclaration
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
   void ObjectInvariant() {
     Contract.Invariant(name != null);
-    Contract.Invariant(OptionalType != null);
+    Contract.Invariant(SyntacticType != null);
   }
 
   public override IToken Tok => RangeToken.StartToken;
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
   public LocalVariable(Cloner cloner, LocalVariable original)
     : base(cloner, original) {
     name = original.Name;
-    OptionalType = cloner.CloneType(original.OptionalType);
+    SyntacticType = cloner.CloneType(original.SyntacticType);
     IsTypeExplicit = original.IsTypeExplicit;
     IsGhost = original.IsGhost;
 
@@ -37,7 +37,8 @@ public LocalVariable(RangeToken rangeToken, string name, Type type, bool isGhost
     Contract.Requires(type != null);  // can be a proxy, though
 
     this.name = name;
-    this.OptionalType = type;
+    IsTypeExplicit = type != null;
+    this.SyntacticType = type ?? new InferredTypeProxy();
     if (type is InferredTypeProxy) {
       ((InferredTypeProxy)type).KeepConstraints = true;
     }
@@ -64,20 +65,24 @@ public string DisplayName {
   private string uniqueName;
   public string UniqueName => uniqueName;
   public bool HasBeenAssignedUniqueName => uniqueName != null;
-  public string AssignUniqueName(FreshIdGenerator generator) {
+  public string AssignUniqueName(VerificationIdGenerator generator) {
     return uniqueName ??= generator.FreshId(Name + "#");
   }
 
-  private string sanitizedName;
-  public string SanitizedName =>
-    sanitizedName ??= $"_{IVariable.CompileNameIdGenerator.FreshNumericId()}_{NonglobalVariable.SanitizeName(Name)}";
+  private string sanitizedNameShadowable;
+
+  public string CompileNameShadowable =>
+    sanitizedNameShadowable ??= NonglobalVariable.SanitizeName(Name);
 
   string compileName;
-  public string CompileName =>
-    compileName ??= SanitizedName;
 
-  public readonly Type OptionalType;  // this is the type mentioned in the declaration, if any
-  Type IVariable.OptionalType { get { return this.OptionalType; } }
+  public string GetOrCreateCompileName(CodeGenIdGenerator generator) {
+    return compileName ??= $"_{generator.FreshNumericId()}_{CompileNameShadowable}";
+  }
+
+  // TODO rename and update comment? Or make it nullable?
+  public readonly Type SyntacticType;  // this is the type mentioned in the declaration, if any
+  Type IVariable.OptionalType => SyntacticType;
 
   [FilledInDuringResolution]
   internal Type type;  // this is the declared or inferred type of the variable; it is non-null after resolution (even if resolution fails)
@@ -121,17 +126,17 @@ public void MakeGhost() {
     this.IsGhost = true;
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => RangeToken.StartToken;
-  public bool IsTypeExplicit = false;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => RangeToken.StartToken;
+  public bool IsTypeExplicit { get; }
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children =>
     (Attributes != null ? new List<Node> { Attributes } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>()).Concat(
       IsTypeExplicit ? new List<Node>() { type } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>());
 
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren =>
     (Attributes != null ? new List<Node> { Attributes } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>()).Concat(
-      IsTypeExplicit ? new List<Node>() { OptionalType ?? type } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>());
+      IsTypeExplicit ? new List<Node>() { SyntacticType ?? type } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>());
 
-  public SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Variable;
+  public SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Variable;
   public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     return this.AsText();
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/TypeRhs.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/TypeRhs.cs
index 7ae5c6a850b..1297ac19539 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/TypeRhs.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/TypeRhs.cs
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class TypeRhs : AssignmentRhs, ICloneable<TypeRhs> {
   ///     ElementInit is non-null to represent "new EType[ArrayDimensions] (elementInit)",
   ///     InitDisplay is non-null to represent "new EType[ArrayDimensions] [InitDisplay]",
   ///     and Arguments, Path, and InitCall are all null.
-  /// If ArrayDimentions == null && Arguments == null, then the TypeRhs represents "new EType"
+  /// If ArrayDimensions == null && Arguments == null, then the TypeRhs represents "new EType"
   ///     and ElementInit, Path, and InitCall are all null.
   /// If Arguments != null, then the TypeRhs represents "new Path(Arguments)"
   ///     and EType and InitCall is filled in by resolution, and ArrayDimensions == null and ElementInit == null.
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/UpdateStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/UpdateStmt.cs
index e4d22f33497..0b61df6ab30 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/UpdateStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/UpdateStmt.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ public class UpdateStmt : ConcreteUpdateStatement, ICloneable<UpdateStmt>, ICanR
   public readonly List<AssignmentRhs> Rhss;
   public readonly bool CanMutateKnownState;
   public Expression OriginalInitialLhs = null;
+  public readonly BlockStmt Proof;
 
   public override IToken Tok {
     get {
@@ -22,7 +23,10 @@ public override IToken Tok {
   }
 
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<Statement> ResolvedStatements;
-  public override IEnumerable<Statement> SubStatements => Children.OfType<Statement>();
+  public override IEnumerable<Statement> SubStatements => Children.OfType<Statement>().Concat(Proof != null ? Proof.SubStatements : new List<Statement>());
+
+  public override IEnumerable<Expression> NonSpecificationSubExpressions =>
+    ResolvedStatements == null ? Rhss.SelectMany(r => r.NonSpecificationSubExpressions) : Enumerable.Empty<Expression>();
 
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => ResolvedStatements ?? Lhss.Concat<Node>(Rhss);
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => Lhss.Concat<Node>(Rhss);
@@ -42,27 +46,31 @@ public UpdateStmt Clone(Cloner cloner) {
   public UpdateStmt(Cloner cloner, UpdateStmt original) : base(cloner, original) {
     Rhss = original.Rhss.Select(cloner.CloneRHS).ToList();
     CanMutateKnownState = original.CanMutateKnownState;
+    Proof = cloner.CloneBlockStmt(original.Proof);
     if (cloner.CloneResolvedFields) {
       ResolvedStatements = original.ResolvedStatements.Select(stmt => cloner.CloneStmt(stmt, false)).ToList();
     }
   }
 
-  public UpdateStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhss, List<AssignmentRhs> rhss)
+  public UpdateStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhss, List<AssignmentRhs> rhss, BlockStmt proof = null)
     : base(rangeToken, lhss) {
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(lhss));
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(rhss));
     Contract.Requires(lhss.Count != 0 || rhss.Count == 1);
     Rhss = rhss;
     CanMutateKnownState = false;
+    Proof = proof;
   }
-  public UpdateStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhss, List<AssignmentRhs> rhss, bool mutate)
+  public UpdateStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhss, List<AssignmentRhs> rhss, bool mutate, BlockStmt proof = null)
     : base(rangeToken, lhss) {
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(lhss));
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(rhss));
     Contract.Requires(lhss.Count != 0 || rhss.Count == 1);
     Rhss = rhss;
     CanMutateKnownState = mutate;
+    Proof = proof;
   }
+
   public override IEnumerable<Expression> PreResolveSubExpressions {
     get {
       foreach (var e in base.PreResolveSubExpressions) {
@@ -119,6 +127,9 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver, ResolutionContext resoluti
       resolver.ResolveAttributes(rhs, resolutionContext);
     }
 
+    // resolve proof
+    ModuleResolver.ResolveByProof(resolver, Proof, resolutionContext);
+
     // figure out what kind of UpdateStmt this is
     if (firstEffectfulRhs == null) {
       if (Lhss.Count == 0) {
@@ -174,7 +185,7 @@ public override void Resolve(ModuleResolver resolver, ResolutionContext resoluti
         foreach (var ll in Lhss) {
           resolvedLhss.Add(ll.Resolved);
         }
-        CallStmt a = new CallStmt(RangeToken, resolvedLhss, methodCallInfo.Callee, methodCallInfo.ActualParameters, methodCallInfo.Tok);
+        CallStmt a = new CallStmt(RangeToken, resolvedLhss, methodCallInfo.Callee, methodCallInfo.ActualParameters, methodCallInfo.Tok, Proof);
         a.OriginalInitialLhs = OriginalInitialLhs;
         ResolvedStatements.Add(a);
       }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/VarDeclStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/VarDeclStmt.cs
index 06141701139..72bbed6ffc0 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/VarDeclStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Assignment/VarDeclStmt.cs
@@ -43,12 +43,6 @@ public override IEnumerable<Expression> SpecificationSubExpressions {
           yield return e;
         }
       }
-
-      if (this.Update != null) {
-        foreach (var e in this.Update.NonSpecificationSubExpressions) {
-          yield return e;
-        }
-      }
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/AlternativeStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/AlternativeStmt.cs
index 60e52485d2a..4ad76ab0c4f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/AlternativeStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/AlternativeStmt.cs
@@ -57,4 +57,49 @@ public bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
       formatter.VisitAlternatives(Alternatives, indentBefore);
     });
   }
+
+  public void Resolve(INewOrOldResolver resolver, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
+    if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && resolver.Options.ForbidNondeterminism && 2 <= Alternatives.Count) {
+      resolver.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_case_based_if_forbidden, Tok,
+        "case-based if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+    }
+    ResolveAlternatives(resolver, Alternatives, null, resolutionContext);
+  }
+
+  public static void ResolveAlternatives(INewOrOldResolver resolver, List<GuardedAlternative> alternatives,
+    AlternativeLoopStmt loopToCatchBreaks, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
+    Contract.Requires(alternatives != null);
+    Contract.Requires(resolutionContext != null);
+
+    // first, resolve the guards
+    foreach (var alternative in alternatives) {
+      int prevErrorCount = resolver.Reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error);
+      resolver.ResolveExpression(alternative.Guard, resolutionContext);  // follows from postcondition of ResolveExpression
+      bool successfullyResolved = resolver.Reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error) == prevErrorCount;
+      resolver.ConstrainTypeExprBool(alternative.Guard, "condition is expected to be of type bool, but is {0}");
+    }
+
+    if (loopToCatchBreaks != null) {
+      resolver.LoopStack.Add(loopToCatchBreaks);  // push
+    }
+    foreach (var alternative in alternatives) {
+      resolver.Scope.PushMarker();
+      resolver.DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
+      if (alternative.IsBindingGuard) {
+        var exists = (ExistsExpr)alternative.Guard;
+        foreach (var v in exists.BoundVars) {
+          resolver.ScopePushAndReport(resolver.Scope, v, "bound-variable");
+        }
+      }
+      resolver.ResolveAttributes(alternative, resolutionContext);
+      foreach (Statement ss in alternative.Body) {
+        resolver.ResolveStatementWithLabels(ss, resolutionContext);
+      }
+      resolver.DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
+      resolver.Scope.PopMarker();
+    }
+    if (loopToCatchBreaks != null) {
+      resolver.LoopStack.RemoveAt(resolver.LoopStack.Count - 1);  // pop
+    }
+  }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/BreakStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/BreakStmt.cs
index 9cda7948249..07d87acf391 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/BreakStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/BreakStmt.cs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 /// <summary>
 /// Class "BreakStmt" represents both "break" and "continue" statements.
 /// </summary>
-public class BreakStmt : Statement, IHasUsages, ICloneable<BreakStmt> {
+public class BreakStmt : Statement, IHasReferences, ICloneable<BreakStmt> {
   public readonly IToken TargetLabel;
   public readonly bool IsContinue;
   public string Kind => IsContinue ? "continue" : "break";
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ public BreakStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, int breakAndContinueCount, bool isContin
     this.IsContinue = isContinue;
   }
 
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
-    return new[] { TargetStmt }.OfType<IDeclarationOrUsage>();
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
+    return new[] { TargetStmt }.OfType<IHasNavigationToken>();
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => Tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => Tok;
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/IfStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/IfStmt.cs
index 78b9ed3bbaf..ed5717638e4 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/IfStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/IfStmt.cs
@@ -86,4 +86,36 @@ public bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
     }
     return false;
   }
+
+  public void Resolve(INewOrOldResolver resolver, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
+    if (Guard != null) {
+      if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && IsBindingGuard && resolver.Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
+        resolver.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_binding_if_forbidden, Tok, "binding if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+      }
+      resolver.ResolveExpression(Guard, resolutionContext);
+      resolver.ConstrainTypeExprBool(Guard, "condition is expected to be of type bool, but is {0}");
+    } else {
+      if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && resolver.Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
+        resolver.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_nondeterministic_if_forbidden, Tok, "nondeterministic if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+      }
+    }
+
+    resolver.Scope.PushMarker();
+    if (IsBindingGuard) {
+      var exists = (ExistsExpr)Guard;
+      foreach (var v in exists.BoundVars) {
+        resolver.ScopePushAndReport(resolver.Scope, v.Name, v, v.Tok, "bound-variable");
+      }
+    }
+    resolver.DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
+    resolver.ResolveBlockStatement(Thn, resolutionContext);
+    resolver.DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
+    resolver.Scope.PopMarker();
+
+    if (Els != null) {
+      resolver.DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
+      resolver.ResolveStatement(Els, resolutionContext);
+      resolver.DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
+    }
+  }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/Label.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/Label.cs
index e696b3df4aa..7e4e125dfce 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/Label.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/Label.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ public class Label {
   public readonly IToken Tok;
   public readonly string Name;
   string uniqueId = null;
+
   public string AssignUniqueId(FreshIdGenerator idGen) {
     if (uniqueId == null) {
       uniqueId = idGen.FreshNumericId("label");
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/LoopStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/LoopStmt.cs
index b9a47487938..551a031aaf2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/LoopStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/LoopStmt.cs
@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public abstract class LoopStmt : Statement, IDeclarationOrUsage {
+public abstract class LoopStmt : Statement, IHasNavigationToken {
   public readonly List<AttributedExpression> Invariants;
   public readonly Specification<Expression> Decreases;
+
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public bool InferredDecreases;  // says that no explicit "decreases" clause was given and an attempt was made to find one automatically (which may or may not have produced anything)
   public readonly Specification<FrameExpression> Mod;
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
@@ -84,5 +85,5 @@ public override IEnumerable<Expression> SpecificationSubExpressions {
     }
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => Tok;
+  public IToken NavigationToken => Tok;
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/OneBodyLoopStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/OneBodyLoopStmt.cs
index 0f2be6b70a6..251662cdd18 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/OneBodyLoopStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/ControlFlow/OneBodyLoopStmt.cs
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public void ComputeBodySurrogate(ErrorReporter reporter) {
     if (BodySurrogate.UsesHeap) {
       text += text.Length == 0 ? "$Heap" : ", $Heap";
     }
-    text = string.Format("note, this loop has no body{0}", text.Length == 0 ? "" : " (loop frame: " + text + ")");
+    text = $"this loop has no body{(text.Length == 0 ? "" : " (loop frame: " + text + ")")}";
     reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Resolver, ErrorRegistry.NoneId, Tok, text);
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Methods/CallStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Methods/CallStmt.cs
index fc52debc2a6..22b17ce7c8a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Methods/CallStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Methods/CallStmt.cs
@@ -19,17 +19,22 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
   }
 
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => Lhs.Concat(new Node[] { MethodSelect, Bindings });
+  public override IEnumerable<IdentifierExpr> GetAssignedLocals() {
+    return Lhs.Select(lhs => lhs.Resolved).OfType<IdentifierExpr>();
+  }
+
   public readonly List<Expression> Lhs;
   public readonly MemberSelectExpr MethodSelect;
   private readonly IToken overrideToken;
   public readonly ActualBindings Bindings;
   public List<Expression> Args => Bindings.Arguments;
   public Expression OriginalInitialLhs = null;
+  public readonly BlockStmt Proof;
 
   public Expression Receiver { get { return MethodSelect.Obj; } }
   public Method Method { get { return (Method)MethodSelect.Member; } }
 
-  public CallStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhs, MemberSelectExpr memSel, List<ActualBinding> args, IToken overrideToken = null)
+  public CallStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhs, MemberSelectExpr memSel, List<ActualBinding> args, IToken overrideToken = null, BlockStmt proof = null)
     : base(rangeToken) {
     Contract.Requires(rangeToken != null);
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(lhs));
@@ -41,6 +46,7 @@ public CallStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhs, MemberSelectExpr me
     this.MethodSelect = memSel;
     this.overrideToken = overrideToken;
     this.Bindings = new ActualBindings(args);
+    Proof = proof;
   }
 
   public CallStmt Clone(Cloner cloner) {
@@ -52,14 +58,15 @@ public CallStmt(Cloner cloner, CallStmt original) : base(cloner, original) {
     Lhs = original.Lhs.Select(cloner.CloneExpr).ToList();
     Bindings = new ActualBindings(cloner, original.Bindings);
     overrideToken = original.overrideToken;
+    Proof = cloner.CloneBlockStmt(original.Proof);
   }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// This constructor is intended to be used when constructing a resolved CallStmt. The "args" are expected
   /// to be already resolved, and are all given positionally.
   /// </summary>
-  public CallStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhs, MemberSelectExpr memSel, List<Expression> args)
-    : this(rangeToken, lhs, memSel, args.ConvertAll(e => new ActualBinding(null, e))) {
+  public CallStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> lhs, MemberSelectExpr memSel, List<Expression> args, BlockStmt proof = null)
+    : this(rangeToken, lhs, memSel, args.ConvertAll(e => new ActualBinding(null, e)), proof: proof) {
     Bindings.AcceptArgumentExpressionsAsExactParameterList();
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Methods/PrintStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Methods/PrintStmt.cs
index a12311e6521..42ec4a47507 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Methods/PrintStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Methods/PrintStmt.cs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
 using DafnyCore;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -16,10 +17,7 @@ static PrintStmt() {
       options.EnforcePrintEffects = value;
     });
 
-    DooFile.RegisterLibraryChecks(
-      checks: new Dictionary<Option, DooFile.OptionCheck> {
-        { TrackPrintEffectsOption, DooFile.CheckOptionLocalImpliesLibrary }
-      });
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(TrackPrintEffectsOption, OptionCompatibility.CheckOptionLocalImpliesLibrary);
   }
 
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/OpaqueBlock.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/OpaqueBlock.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3611bac7165
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/OpaqueBlock.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+public class OpaqueBlock : BlockStmt, ICanResolveNewAndOld {
+  public readonly List<AttributedExpression> Ensures;
+  public readonly Specification<FrameExpression> Modifies;
+
+  protected OpaqueBlock(Cloner cloner, OpaqueBlock original) : base(cloner, original) {
+    Ensures = original.Ensures.Select(cloner.CloneAttributedExpr).ToList();
+    Modifies = cloner.CloneSpecFrameExpr(original.Modifies);
+  }
+
+  public override IEnumerable<Expression> SpecificationSubExpressions {
+    get {
+      foreach (var e in Ensures) {
+        yield return e.E;
+      }
+      foreach (var e in Modifies.Expressions) {
+        yield return e.E;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public OpaqueBlock(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Statement> body,
+    List<AttributedExpression> ensures,
+    Specification<FrameExpression> modifies) : base(rangeToken, body) {
+    Ensures = ensures;
+    Modifies = modifies;
+  }
+
+  public override void GenResolve(INewOrOldResolver resolver, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
+
+    resolver.Scope.PushMarker();
+    foreach (Statement ss in Body) {
+      resolver.ResolveStatementWithLabels(ss, resolutionContext);
+    }
+    resolver.Scope.PopMarker();
+
+    resolver.ResolveAttributes(Modifies, resolutionContext);
+    foreach (var fe in Modifies.Expressions) {
+      resolver.ResolveFrameExpression(fe, FrameExpressionUse.Modifies, resolutionContext);
+    }
+
+    foreach (var ensure in Ensures) {
+      resolver.ResolveAttributes(ensure, resolutionContext);
+      resolver.ResolveExpression(ensure.E, resolutionContext);
+      resolver.ConstrainTypeExprBool(ensure.E, "Postcondition must be a boolean (got {0})");
+    }
+    base.GenResolve(resolver, resolutionContext);
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/SkeletonStatement.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/SkeletonStatement.cs
index 44033eacf5a..f36c87d2a14 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/SkeletonStatement.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/SkeletonStatement.cs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#nullable enable
+
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 
@@ -24,11 +26,11 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 ///   ConditionOmitted == true && BodyOmitted == false
 /// </summary>
 public class SkeletonStatement : Statement, ICloneable<SkeletonStatement>, ICanFormat {
-  public readonly Statement S;
-  public bool ConditionOmitted { get { return ConditionEllipsis != null; } }
-  public readonly IToken ConditionEllipsis;
-  public bool BodyOmitted { get { return BodyEllipsis != null; } }
-  public readonly IToken BodyEllipsis;
+  public readonly Statement? S;
+  public bool ConditionOmitted => ConditionEllipsis != null;
+  public readonly IToken? ConditionEllipsis;
+  public bool BodyOmitted => BodyEllipsis != null;
+  public readonly IToken? BodyEllipsis;
 
   public SkeletonStatement Clone(Cloner cloner) {
     return new SkeletonStatement(cloner, this);
@@ -52,13 +54,14 @@ public SkeletonStatement(Statement s, IToken conditionEllipsis, IToken bodyEllip
     ConditionEllipsis = conditionEllipsis;
     BodyEllipsis = bodyEllipsis;
   }
+
   public override IEnumerable<Statement> SubStatements {
     get {
       // The SkeletonStatement is really a modification of its inner statement S.  Therefore,
       // we don't consider S to be a substatement.  Instead, the substatements of S are the
       // substatements of the SkeletonStatement.  In the case the SkeletonStatement modifies
       // S by omitting its body (which is true only for loops), there are no substatements.
-      if (!BodyOmitted && S.SubStatements != null) {
+      if (!BodyOmitted && S?.SubStatements != null) {
         foreach (var s in S.SubStatements) {
           yield return s;
         }
@@ -68,7 +71,9 @@ public override IEnumerable<Statement> SubStatements {
 
   public override IEnumerable<Statement> PreResolveSubStatements {
     get {
-      yield return S;
+      if (S != null) {
+        yield return S;
+      }
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Statement.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Statement.cs
index 8c8ab1ba0d9..67c8c7fdabd 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Statement.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Statement.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ public abstract class Statement : RangeNode, IAttributeBearingDeclaration {
   public override IToken Tok => PostLabelToken ?? StartToken;
   public IToken PostLabelToken { get; set; }
 
+  public int ScopeDepth { get; set; }
   public LList<Label> Labels;  // mutable during resolution
 
   private Attributes attributes;
@@ -76,6 +77,23 @@ public virtual IEnumerable<Statement> SubStatements {
     get { yield break; }
   }
 
+  public IEnumerable<Statement> DescendantsAndSelf {
+    get {
+      Stack<Statement> todo = new();
+      List<Statement> result = new();
+      todo.Push(this);
+      while (todo.Any()) {
+        var current = todo.Pop();
+        result.Add(current);
+        foreach (var child in current.SubStatements) {
+          todo.Push(child);
+        }
+      }
+
+      return result;
+    }
+  }
+
   /// <summary>
   /// Returns the non-null substatements of the Statements, before resolution occurs
   /// </summary>
@@ -174,4 +192,6 @@ public override string ToString() {
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren =>
     (Attributes != null ? new List<Node> { Attributes } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>()).Concat(
       PreResolveSubStatements).Concat(PreResolveSubExpressions);
+
+  public virtual IEnumerable<IdentifierExpr> GetAssignedLocals() => Enumerable.Empty<IdentifierExpr>();
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Verification/AssertStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Verification/AssertStmt.cs
index 295803e9e6e..306f1d4815b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Verification/AssertStmt.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Verification/AssertStmt.cs
@@ -89,16 +89,7 @@ public override void GenResolve(INewOrOldResolver resolver, ResolutionContext co
 
     base.GenResolve(resolver, context);
 
-    if (Proof != null) {
-      // clear the labels for the duration of checking the proof body, because break statements are not allowed to leave a the proof body
-      var prevLblStmts = resolver.EnclosingStatementLabels;
-      var prevLoopStack = resolver.LoopStack;
-      resolver.EnclosingStatementLabels = new Scope<Statement>(resolver.Options);
-      resolver.LoopStack = new List<Statement>();
-      resolver.ResolveStatement(Proof, context);
-      resolver.EnclosingStatementLabels = prevLblStmts;
-      resolver.LoopStack = prevLoopStack;
-    }
+    ModuleResolver.ResolveByProof(resolver, Proof, context);
   }
 
   public bool HasAssertOnlyAttribute(out AssertOnlyKind assertOnlyKind) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Verification/HideRevealStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Verification/HideRevealStmt.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f78a07109bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Verification/HideRevealStmt.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using System.Linq;
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+public class HideRevealStmt : Statement, ICloneable<HideRevealStmt>, ICanFormat {
+  public const string RevealLemmaPrefix = "reveal_";
+
+  public string Kind => Mode == HideRevealCmd.Modes.Hide ? "hide" : "reveal";
+  public string KindVerb => Mode == HideRevealCmd.Modes.Hide ? "hidden" : "revealed";
+  public readonly List<Expression> Exprs;
+  [FilledInDuringResolution]
+  public readonly List<AssertLabel> LabeledAsserts = new();  // to indicate that "Expr" denotes a labeled assertion
+  [FilledInDuringResolution]
+  public readonly List<Statement> ResolvedStatements = new();
+  [FilledInDuringResolution] public List<MemberDecl> OffsetMembers = new();
+  public HideRevealCmd.Modes Mode { get; private set; }
+  public bool Wildcard { get; private set; }
+
+  public override IEnumerable<Statement> SubStatements => ResolvedStatements;
+
+  public override IEnumerable<Statement> PreResolveSubStatements => Enumerable.Empty<Statement>();
+
+  [ContractInvariantMethod]
+  void ObjectInvariant() {
+    Contract.Invariant(Exprs != null);
+    Contract.Invariant(LabeledAsserts.Count <= Exprs.Count);
+  }
+
+  public HideRevealStmt Clone(Cloner cloner) {
+    return new HideRevealStmt(cloner, this);
+  }
+
+  public HideRevealStmt(Cloner cloner, HideRevealStmt original) : base(cloner, original) {
+    Mode = original.Mode;
+    Exprs = original.Exprs?.Select(cloner.CloneExpr).ToList();
+    Wildcard = original.Wildcard;
+    if (cloner.CloneResolvedFields) {
+      OffsetMembers = original.OffsetMembers.ToList();
+      LabeledAsserts = original.LabeledAsserts.Select(a => new AssertLabel(cloner.Tok(a.Tok), a.Name)).ToList();
+      ResolvedStatements = original.ResolvedStatements.Select(stmt => cloner.CloneStmt(stmt, false)).ToList();
+    }
+  }
+
+  public HideRevealStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, HideRevealCmd.Modes mode)
+    : base(rangeToken) {
+    Wildcard = true;
+    this.Exprs = null;
+    Mode = mode;
+  }
+
+  public HideRevealStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> exprs, HideRevealCmd.Modes mode)
+    : base(rangeToken) {
+    Contract.Requires(exprs != null);
+    this.Exprs = exprs;
+    Wildcard = false;
+    Mode = mode;
+  }
+
+  public static string SingleName(Expression e) {
+    Contract.Requires(e != null);
+    if (e is NameSegment || e is LiteralExpr) {
+      return e.tok.val;
+    } else {
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
+    return formatter.SetIndentPrintRevealStmt(indentBefore, OwnedTokens);
+  }
+
+  public void Resolve(PreTypeResolver resolver, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
+    ((ICodeContainer)resolutionContext.CodeContext).ContainsHide |= Mode == HideRevealCmd.Modes.Hide;
+
+    if (Wildcard) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    foreach (var expr in Exprs) {
+      var name = SingleName(expr);
+      var labeledAssert = name == null ? null : resolver.DominatingStatementLabels.Find(name) as AssertLabel;
+      if (labeledAssert != null) {
+        LabeledAsserts.Add(labeledAssert);
+      } else {
+        Expression effectiveExpr = expr;
+        if (expr is ApplySuffix applySuffix) {
+          if (applySuffix.AtTok != null) {
+            resolver.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, expr.Tok, $"an @-label can not be used in a hide or reveal statement");
+          }
+          effectiveExpr = applySuffix.Lhs;
+        }
+        if (effectiveExpr is NameSegment or ExprDotName) {
+          if (effectiveExpr is NameSegment) {
+            resolver.ResolveNameSegment((NameSegment)effectiveExpr, true, null, resolutionContext, true);
+          } else {
+            resolver.ResolveDotSuffix((ExprDotName)effectiveExpr, true, true, null, resolutionContext, true);
+          }
+          var callee = (MemberSelectExpr)((ConcreteSyntaxExpression)effectiveExpr).ResolvedExpression;
+          if (callee == null) {
+            // error from resolving child
+          } else {
+            if (callee.Member is Function or ConstantField) {
+              OffsetMembers.Add(callee.Member);
+              if (callee.Member.IsOpaque && Mode == HideRevealCmd.Modes.Reveal) {
+                var revealResolutionContext = resolutionContext with { InReveal = true };
+                var exprClone = new Cloner().CloneExpr(effectiveExpr);
+                if (exprClone is NameSegment) {
+                  resolver.ResolveNameSegment((NameSegment)exprClone, true, null, revealResolutionContext, true);
+                } else {
+                  resolver.ResolveDotSuffix((ExprDotName)exprClone, true, true, null, revealResolutionContext, true);
+                }
+
+                var revealCallee = ((MemberSelectExpr)((ConcreteSyntaxExpression)exprClone).ResolvedExpression);
+                if (revealCallee != null) {
+                  var call = new CallStmt(RangeToken, new List<Expression>(),
+                    revealCallee,
+                    new List<ActualBinding>(), effectiveExpr.tok);
+                  ResolvedStatements.Add(call);
+                }
+              }
+            } else {
+              resolver.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, effectiveExpr.Tok,
+                $"only functions and constants can be {KindVerb}");
+            }
+          }
+        } else {
+          resolver.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, Tok, "can't use parenthesis when hiding or revealing");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    foreach (var a in ResolvedStatements) {
+      resolver.ResolveStatement(a, resolutionContext);
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Verification/RevealStmt.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Verification/RevealStmt.cs
deleted file mode 100644
index cf429919606..00000000000
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Statements/Verification/RevealStmt.cs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
-using System.Linq;
-
-namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
-
-public class RevealStmt : Statement, ICloneable<RevealStmt>, ICanFormat {
-  public const string RevealLemmaPrefix = "reveal_";
-
-  public readonly List<Expression> Exprs;
-  [FilledInDuringResolution] public readonly List<AssertLabel> LabeledAsserts = new List<AssertLabel>();  // to indicate that "Expr" denotes a labeled assertion
-  [FilledInDuringResolution] public readonly List<Statement> ResolvedStatements = new List<Statement>();
-
-  public override IEnumerable<Statement> SubStatements {
-    get { return ResolvedStatements; }
-  }
-
-  public override IEnumerable<Statement> PreResolveSubStatements => Enumerable.Empty<Statement>();
-
-  [ContractInvariantMethod]
-  void ObjectInvariant() {
-    Contract.Invariant(Exprs != null);
-    Contract.Invariant(LabeledAsserts.Count <= Exprs.Count);
-  }
-
-  public RevealStmt Clone(Cloner cloner) {
-    return new RevealStmt(cloner, this);
-  }
-
-  public RevealStmt(Cloner cloner, RevealStmt original) : base(cloner, original) {
-    Exprs = original.Exprs.Select(cloner.CloneExpr).ToList();
-    if (cloner.CloneResolvedFields) {
-      LabeledAsserts = original.LabeledAsserts.Select(a => new AssertLabel(cloner.Tok(a.Tok), a.Name)).ToList();
-      ResolvedStatements = original.ResolvedStatements.Select(stmt => cloner.CloneStmt(stmt, false)).ToList();
-    }
-  }
-
-  public RevealStmt(RangeToken rangeToken, List<Expression> exprs)
-    : base(rangeToken) {
-    Contract.Requires(exprs != null);
-    this.Exprs = exprs;
-  }
-
-  public static string SingleName(Expression e) {
-    Contract.Requires(e != null);
-    if (e is NameSegment || e is LiteralExpr) {
-      return e.tok.val;
-    } else {
-      return null;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
-    return formatter.SetIndentPrintRevealStmt(indentBefore, OwnedTokens);
-  }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Substituter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Substituter.cs
index ea0a86f23c2..4af3641b4f3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Substituter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Substituter.cs
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
   /// particular, the substituter does not copy parts of an expression that are used only for well-formedness checks.
   /// </summary>
   public class Substituter {
-    protected readonly Expression receiverReplacement;
-    protected readonly Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> substMap;
-    protected readonly Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> typeMap;
+    protected Expression receiverReplacement { get; }
+    public Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> substMap { get; }
+    public Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> typeMap { get; }
     protected readonly Label oldHeapLabel;
     [CanBeNull] protected readonly SystemModuleManager SystemModuleManager; // if non-null, substitutions into FunctionCallExpr's will be wrapped
 
@@ -118,15 +118,15 @@ public virtual Expression Substitute(Expression expr) {
       } else if (expr is MemberSelectExpr) {
         var mse = (MemberSelectExpr)expr;
         var newObj = Substitute(mse.Obj);
-        var newTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = SubstituteTypeList(mse.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass);
-        var newTypeApplicationJustMember = SubstituteTypeList(mse.TypeApplication_JustMember);
+        var newTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = SubstituteTypeList(mse.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass);
+        var newTypeApplicationJustMember = SubstituteTypeList(mse.TypeApplicationJustMember);
         if (newObj != mse.Obj ||
-            newTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass != mse.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass ||
-            newTypeApplicationJustMember != mse.TypeApplication_JustMember) {
+            newTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass != mse.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass ||
+            newTypeApplicationJustMember != mse.TypeApplicationJustMember) {
           var fseNew = new MemberSelectExpr(mse.tok, newObj, mse.MemberName) {
             Member = mse.Member,
-            TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = newTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass,
-            TypeApplication_JustMember = newTypeApplicationJustMember,
+            TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = newTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass,
+            TypeApplicationJustMember = newTypeApplicationJustMember,
             AtLabel = mse.AtLabel ?? oldHeapLabel
           };
           newExpr = fseNew;
@@ -314,7 +314,9 @@ ExtendedPattern SubstituteForPattern(ExtendedPattern pattern) {
               case IdPattern idPattern:
                 if (idPattern.BoundVar == null) {
                   return new IdPattern(idPattern.Tok, idPattern.Id, idPattern.Type,
-                    idPattern.Arguments?.Select(SubstituteForPattern).ToList(), idPattern.IsGhost);
+                    idPattern.Arguments?.Select(SubstituteForPattern).ToList(), idPattern.IsGhost) {
+                    Ctor = idPattern.Ctor
+                  };
                 }
 
                 discoveredBvs.Add((BoundVar)idPattern.BoundVar);
@@ -425,6 +427,13 @@ ExtendedPattern SubstituteForPattern(ExtendedPattern pattern) {
           newExpr = new BoogieGenerator.BoogieFunctionCall(e.tok, e.FunctionName, e.UsesHeap, e.UsesOldHeap, e.HeapAtLabels, newArgs, newTyArgs);
         }
 
+      } else if (expr is DecreasesToExpr decreasesToExpr) {
+        List<Expression> oldExpressionsSubst = SubstituteExprList(decreasesToExpr.OldExpressions.ToList());
+        List<Expression> newExpressionsSubst = SubstituteExprList(decreasesToExpr.NewExpressions.ToList());
+        newExpr = new DecreasesToExpr(decreasesToExpr.tok, oldExpressionsSubst, newExpressionsSubst, decreasesToExpr.AllowNoChange) {
+          Type = decreasesToExpr.Type
+        };
+
       } else {
         Contract.Assume(false); // unexpected Expression
       }
@@ -595,8 +604,8 @@ protected virtual List<LocalVariable> CreateLocalVarSubstitutions(List<LocalVari
       bool anythingChanged = false;
       var newVars = new List<LocalVariable>();
       foreach (var v in vars) {
-        var tt = v.OptionalType.Subst(typeMap);
-        if (!forceSubstitutionOfVars && tt == v.OptionalType) {
+        var tt = v.SyntacticType.Subst(typeMap);
+        if (!forceSubstitutionOfVars && tt == v.SyntacticType) {
           newVars.Add(v);
         } else {
           anythingChanged = true;
@@ -863,12 +872,12 @@ protected virtual Statement SubstStmt(Statement stmt) {
         var lhss = SubstituteCasePattern(s.LHS, false, CloneLocalVariable);
         var rr = new VarDeclPattern(s.RangeToken, lhss, (Expression)Substitute(s.RHS), s.HasGhostModifier);
         r = rr;
-      } else if (stmt is RevealStmt) {
-        var s = (RevealStmt)stmt;
+      } else if (stmt is HideRevealStmt revealStmt) {
         // don't need to substitute s.Expr since it won't be used, only the s.ResolvedStatements are used.
-        var rr = new RevealStmt(s.RangeToken, s.Exprs);
-        rr.LabeledAsserts.AddRange(s.LabeledAsserts);
-        rr.ResolvedStatements.AddRange(s.ResolvedStatements.ConvertAll(SubstStmt));
+        var rr = new HideRevealStmt(revealStmt.RangeToken, revealStmt.Exprs, revealStmt.Mode);
+        rr.LabeledAsserts.AddRange(revealStmt.LabeledAsserts);
+        rr.ResolvedStatements.AddRange(revealStmt.ResolvedStatements.ConvertAll(SubstStmt));
+        rr.OffsetMembers = revealStmt.OffsetMembers.ToList();
         r = rr;
       } else {
         Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected statement
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/System.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/System.dfy
index efc03f827c6..2ecffd39ce3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/System.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/System.dfy
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ module {:extern "System"} {:compile false} {:options "-functionSyntax:4"} System
   class {:extern "Text.StringBuilder"} {:compile false} CsStringBuilder {
     ghost var built: CsString
     constructor {:extern} ()
-    method {:extern "Append"} Append(s: CsString)
+    method {:axiom} {:extern "Append"} Append(s: CsString)
       modifies this
       ensures built == String.Concat(old(built), s)
     // This hack is necessary because ToString is replaced by ToString_
     // in the C# compiler, even if it's declared extern...
-    method {:extern @"ToString().ToString"} ToString() returns (r: CsString)
+    method {:axiom} {:extern @"ToString().ToString"} ToString() returns (r: CsString)
       ensures r == built
   }
   type {:extern "String"} CsString(!new,==) {
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ module {:extern "System"} {:compile false} {:options "-functionSyntax:4"} System
     }
   }
   class {:extern "String"} {:compile false} String {
-    static function {:extern} Concat(s1: CsString, s2: CsString): (r: CsString)
+    static function {:axiom} {:extern} Concat(s1: CsString, s2: CsString): (r: CsString)
       ensures r.Contains(s1)
       ensures r.Contains(s2)
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/SystemModuleManager.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/SystemModuleManager.cs
index 91d75d87eba..7b5f3bde91d 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/SystemModuleManager.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/SystemModuleManager.cs
@@ -380,8 +380,8 @@ private Expression ArrowSubtypeConstraint(IToken tok, RangeToken rangeToken, Bou
     }
     var fn = new MemberSelectExpr(tok, f, member.Name) {
       Member = member,
-      TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = f.Type.TypeArgs,
-      TypeApplication_JustMember = new List<Type>(),
+      TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = f.Type.TypeArgs,
+      TypeApplicationJustMember = new List<Type>(),
       Type = GetTypeOfFunction(member, tps.ConvertAll(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp)), new List<Type>())
     };
     Expression body = new ApplyExpr(tok, fn, args, tok);
@@ -405,12 +405,12 @@ Type GetTypeOfFunction(Function f, List<Type> typeArgumentsClass, List<Type> typ
     Contract.Requires(typeArgumentsClass.Count == f.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.Count);
     Contract.Requires(typeArgumentsMember.Count == f.TypeArgs.Count);
 
-    var atd = ArrowTypeDecls[f.Formals.Count];
+    var atd = ArrowTypeDecls[f.Ins.Count];
 
     var formals = Util.Concat(f.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs, f.TypeArgs);
     var actuals = Util.Concat(typeArgumentsClass, typeArgumentsMember);
     var typeMap = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(formals, actuals);
-    return new ArrowType(f.tok, atd, f.Formals.ConvertAll(arg => arg.Type.Subst(typeMap)), f.ResultType.Subst(typeMap));
+    return new ArrowType(f.tok, atd, f.Ins.ConvertAll(arg => arg.Type.Subst(typeMap)), f.ResultType.Subst(typeMap));
   }
 
   public TupleTypeDecl TupleType(IToken tok, int dims, bool allowCreationOfNewType, List<bool> argumentGhostness = null) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Tokens.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Tokens.cs
index 015e96123c0..ac755b994f8 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Tokens.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Tokens.cs
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ public class Token : IToken {
   public Token peekedTokens; // Used only internally by Coco when the scanner "peeks" tokens. Normally null at the end of parsing
   public static readonly Token NoToken = new();
   public static readonly Token Cli = new(1, 1);
+  public static readonly Token Ide = new(1, 1);
   public Token() : this(0, 0) { }
 
   public Token(int linenum, int colnum) {
@@ -204,6 +205,9 @@ public int CompareTo(Boogie.IToken other) {
 
 public static class TokenExtensions {
 
+
+  public static bool IsSet(this IToken token) => token.Uri != null;
+
   public static string TokenToString(this IToken tok, DafnyOptions options) {
     if (tok == Token.Cli) {
       return "CLI";
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/ClassDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/ClassDecl.cs
index 7fb0d201eb6..e4d9677aa12 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/ClassDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/ClassDecl.cs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class ClassDecl : ClassLikeDecl, IHasDocstring {
+public class ClassDecl : ClassLikeDecl {
   public override string WhatKind => "class";
   public override bool IsReferenceTypeDecl => true;
   public override bool AcceptThis => true;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/DatatypeCtor.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/DatatypeCtor.cs
index 6721d1ce0ab..854e6dc79f3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/DatatypeCtor.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/DatatypeCtor.cs
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ public string GetTriviaContainingDocstring() {
     return GetTriviaContainingDocstringFromStartTokenOrNull();
   }
 
-  public SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.EnumMember;
-  public string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.EnumMember;
+  public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     var formals = string.Join(", ", Formals.Select(f => f.AsText()));
     return $"{EnclosingDatatype.Name}.{Name}({formals})";
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/DatatypeDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/DatatypeDecl.cs
index b12e70ee970..e6cb1c6facc 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/DatatypeDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/DatatypeDecl.cs
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ public bool IsRecordType {
   ModuleDefinition IASTVisitorContext.EnclosingModule { get { return EnclosingModuleDefinition; } }
   bool ICodeContext.MustReverify { get { return false; } }
   bool ICodeContext.AllowsNontermination { get { return false; } }
+  CodeGenIdGenerator ICodeContext.CodeGenIdGenerator => CodeGenIdGenerator;
   string ICallable.NameRelativeToModule { get { return Name; } }
   Specification<Expression> ICallable.Decreases {
     get {
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ public override bool IsEssentiallyEmpty() {
   }
 
   public override IEnumerable<ISymbol> ChildSymbols => base.ChildSymbols.Concat(Ctors);
-  public override SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Enum;
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Enum;
 
   public bool SetIndent(int indent, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
     var indent2 = indent + formatter.SpaceTab;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/Declaration.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/Declaration.cs
index 9ce454af73d..db68fdf4112 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/Declaration.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/Declaration.cs
@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Auditor;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public abstract class Declaration : RangeNode, IAttributeBearingDeclaration, IDeclarationOrUsage {
+public abstract class Declaration : RangeNode, IAttributeBearingDeclaration, ISymbol {
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
   void ObjectInvariant() {
     Contract.Invariant(Name != null);
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
   public Name NameNode;
 
   public override IToken Tok => NameNode.StartToken;
-  public IToken NameToken => NameNode.StartToken;
+  public virtual IToken NavigationToken => NameNode.StartToken;
 
   public string Name => NameNode.Value;
   public bool IsRefining;
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ protected Declaration(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, Attributes attributes, b
     Attributes.Contains(Attributes, Attributes.AutoGeneratedAttributeName);
 
   public bool HasVerifyFalseAttribute =>
-    Attributes.Find(Attributes, Attributes.VerifyAttributeName) is Attributes va &&
+    Attributes.Find(Attributes, Attributes.VerifyAttributeName) is { } va &&
     va.Args.Count == 1 &&
     Expression.IsBoolLiteral(va.Args[0], out var verify) &&
     verify == false;
@@ -131,7 +132,14 @@ public override string ToString() {
     return Name;
   }
 
-  internal FreshIdGenerator IdGenerator = new();
+  // For Boogie
+  internal VerificationIdGenerator IdGenerator = new();
   public override IEnumerable<INode> Children => (Attributes != null ? new List<Node> { Attributes } : Enumerable.Empty<Node>());
   public override IEnumerable<INode> PreResolveChildren => Children;
+  public abstract SymbolKind? Kind { get; }
+  public abstract string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options);
+
+
+  // For Compilation
+  internal CodeGenIdGenerator CodeGenIdGenerator = new();
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/IteratorDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/IteratorDecl.cs
index 93b51ee07c5..081b675123e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/IteratorDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/IteratorDecl.cs
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class IteratorDecl : ClassDecl, IMethodCodeContext, ICanVerify {
+public class IteratorDecl : ClassDecl, IMethodCodeContext, ICanVerify, ICodeContainer {
   public override string WhatKind { get { return "iterator"; } }
   public readonly List<Formal> Ins;
   public readonly List<Formal> Outs;
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ public IteratorDecl(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, ModuleDefinition module, L
     DecreasesFields = new List<Field>();
 
     YieldCountVariable = new LocalVariable(rangeToken, "_yieldCount", new EverIncreasingType(), true);
-    YieldCountVariable.type = YieldCountVariable.OptionalType;  // resolve YieldCountVariable here
+    YieldCountVariable.type = YieldCountVariable.SyntacticType;  // resolve YieldCountVariable here
   }
 
   /// <summary>
@@ -151,6 +152,8 @@ public bool AllowsNontermination {
     }
   }
 
+  CodeGenIdGenerator ICodeContext.CodeGenIdGenerator => CodeGenIdGenerator;
+
   public override bool SetIndent(int indentBefore, TokenNewIndentCollector formatter) {
     formatter.SetMethodLikeIndent(StartToken, OwnedTokens, indentBefore);
     foreach (var req in Requires) {
@@ -514,4 +517,7 @@ public override string GetTriviaContainingDocstring() {
   public bool ShouldVerify => true; // This could be made more accurate
   public ModuleDefinition ContainingModule => EnclosingModuleDefinition;
   public string Designator => WhatKind;
+
+  [FilledInDuringResolution]
+  public bool ContainsHide { get; set; }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/NewtypeDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/NewtypeDecl.cs
index 8d9e9b7414a..ba9804f4edd 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/NewtypeDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/NewtypeDecl.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ public class NewtypeDecl : TopLevelDeclWithMembers, RevealableTypeDecl, Redirect
   public override string WhatKind { get { return "newtype"; } }
   public override bool CanBeRevealed() { return true; }
   public PreType BasePreType;
+  PreType RedirectingTypeDecl.BasePreType => BasePreType;
   public Type BaseType { get; set; } // null when refining
   public BoundVar Var { get; set; }  // can be null (if non-null, then object.ReferenceEquals(Var.Type, BaseType))
   public Expression Constraint { get; set; }  // is null iff Var is
@@ -31,19 +32,25 @@ bool RedirectingTypeDecl.ConstraintIsCompilable {
 
   [FilledInDuringResolution] public bool TargetTypeCoversAllBitPatterns; // "target complete" -- indicates that any bit pattern that can fill the target type is a value of the newtype
 
-  public NewtypeDecl(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, ModuleDefinition module, Type baseType, List<Type> parentTraits,
-    List<MemberDecl> members, Attributes attributes, bool isRefining)
-    : base(rangeToken, name, module, new List<TypeParameter>(), members, attributes, isRefining, parentTraits) {
+  public NewtypeDecl(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, List<TypeParameter> typeParameters, ModuleDefinition module,
+    Type baseType,
+    SubsetTypeDecl.WKind witnessKind, Expression witness, List<Type> parentTraits, List<MemberDecl> members, Attributes attributes, bool isRefining)
+    : base(rangeToken, name, module, typeParameters, members, attributes, isRefining, parentTraits) {
     Contract.Requires(rangeToken != null);
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
     Contract.Requires(module != null);
     Contract.Requires(isRefining ^ (baseType != null));
+    Contract.Requires((witnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled || witnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Ghost) == (witness != null));
     Contract.Requires(members != null);
     BaseType = baseType;
+    Witness = witness;
+    WitnessKind = witnessKind;
     this.NewSelfSynonym();
   }
-  public NewtypeDecl(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, ModuleDefinition module, BoundVar bv, Expression constraint,
-    SubsetTypeDecl.WKind witnessKind, Expression witness, List<Type> parentTraits, List<MemberDecl> members, Attributes attributes, bool isRefining) : base(rangeToken, name, module, new List<TypeParameter>(), members, attributes, isRefining, parentTraits) {
+  public NewtypeDecl(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, List<TypeParameter> typeParameters, ModuleDefinition module,
+    BoundVar bv, Expression constraint,
+    SubsetTypeDecl.WKind witnessKind, Expression witness, List<Type> parentTraits, List<MemberDecl> members, Attributes attributes, bool isRefining)
+    : base(rangeToken, name, module, typeParameters, members, attributes, isRefining, parentTraits) {
     Contract.Requires(rangeToken != null);
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
     Contract.Requires(module != null);
@@ -60,11 +67,16 @@ public NewtypeDecl(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, ModuleDefinition module, Bo
 
   public Type ConcreteBaseType(List<Type> typeArguments) {
     Contract.Requires(TypeArgs.Count == typeArguments.Count);
+    if (typeArguments.Count == 0) {
+      // this optimization seems worthwhile
+      return BaseType;
+    }
     var subst = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(TypeArgs, typeArguments);
     return BaseType.Subst(subst);
   }
 
-  /// <summary>  /// Return .BaseType instantiated with "typeArgs", but only look at the part of .BaseType that is in scope.
+  /// <summary>
+  /// Return .BaseType instantiated with "typeArgs", but only look at the part of .BaseType that is in scope.
   /// </summary>
   public Type RhsWithArgument(List<Type> typeArgs) {
     Contract.Requires(typeArgs != null);
@@ -78,21 +90,7 @@ public Type RhsWithArgument(List<Type> typeArgs) {
         return rtd.SelfSynonym(typeArgs);
       }
     }
-    return RhsWithArgumentIgnoringScope(typeArgs);
-  }
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Returns the declared .BaseType but with formal type arguments replaced by the given actuals.
-  /// </summary>
-  public Type RhsWithArgumentIgnoringScope(List<Type> typeArgs) {
-    Contract.Requires(typeArgs != null);
-    Contract.Requires(typeArgs.Count == TypeArgs.Count);
-    // Instantiate with the actual type arguments
-    if (typeArgs.Count == 0) {
-      // this optimization seems worthwhile
-      return BaseType;
-    } else {
-      return ConcreteBaseType(typeArgs);
-    }
+    return ConcreteBaseType(typeArgs);
   }
 
   public TopLevelDecl AsTopLevelDecl => this;
@@ -116,16 +114,17 @@ public TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue EqualitySupport {
   Expression RedirectingTypeDecl.Constraint { get { return Constraint; } }
   SubsetTypeDecl.WKind RedirectingTypeDecl.WitnessKind { get { return WitnessKind; } }
   Expression RedirectingTypeDecl.Witness { get { return Witness; } }
-  FreshIdGenerator RedirectingTypeDecl.IdGenerator { get { return IdGenerator; } }
+  VerificationIdGenerator RedirectingTypeDecl.IdGenerator { get { return IdGenerator; } }
 
   bool ICodeContext.IsGhost {
     get { throw new NotSupportedException(); }  // if .IsGhost is needed, the object should always be wrapped in an CodeContextWrapper
   }
-  List<TypeParameter> ICodeContext.TypeArgs { get { return new List<TypeParameter>(); } }
+  List<TypeParameter> ICodeContext.TypeArgs { get { return TypeArgs; } }
   List<Formal> ICodeContext.Ins { get { return new List<Formal>(); } }
   ModuleDefinition IASTVisitorContext.EnclosingModule { get { return EnclosingModuleDefinition; } }
   bool ICodeContext.MustReverify { get { return false; } }
   bool ICodeContext.AllowsNontermination { get { return false; } }
+  CodeGenIdGenerator ICodeContext.CodeGenIdGenerator => CodeGenIdGenerator;
   string ICallable.NameRelativeToModule { get { return Name; } }
   Specification<Expression> ICallable.Decreases {
     get {
@@ -174,7 +173,7 @@ public class NativeType {
   public readonly BigInteger LowerBound;
   public readonly BigInteger UpperBound;
   public readonly int Bitwidth;  // for unassigned types, this shows the number of bits in the type; else is 0
-  public enum Selection { Byte, SByte, UShort, Short, UInt, Int, Number, ULong, Long }
+  public enum Selection { Byte, SByte, UShort, Short, UInt, Int, Number, ULong, Long, UDoubleLong, DoubleLong }
   public readonly Selection Sel;
   public NativeType(string Name, BigInteger LowerBound, BigInteger UpperBound, int bitwidth, Selection sel) {
     Contract.Requires(Name != null);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/NonNullTypeDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/NonNullTypeDecl.cs
index f17da2136b1..9460420165a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/NonNullTypeDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/NonNullTypeDecl.cs
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ public class NonNullTypeDecl : SubsetTypeDecl {
   /// in order to build values that depend on previously computed parameters.
   /// </summary>
   public NonNullTypeDecl(ClassLikeDecl cl)
-    : this(cl, cl.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(tp => new TypeParameter(tp.RangeToken, tp.NameNode, tp.VarianceSyntax, tp.Characteristics))) {
+    : this(cl, TypeParameter.CloneTypeParameters(cl.TypeArgs)) {
     Contract.Requires(cl != null);
   }
 
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ private NonNullTypeDecl(ClassLikeDecl cl, List<TypeParameter> tps, BoundVar id)
     Class = cl;
   }
 
-  public override List<Type> ParentTypes(List<Type> typeArgs) {
-    List<Type> result = new List<Type>(base.ParentTypes(typeArgs));
+  public override List<Type> ParentTypes(List<Type> typeArgs, bool includeTypeBounds) {
+    var result = new List<Type>(base.ParentTypes(typeArgs, includeTypeBounds));
 
-    foreach (var rhsParentType in Class.ParentTypes(typeArgs)) {
+    foreach (var rhsParentType in Class.ParentTypes(typeArgs, includeTypeBounds)) {
       var rhsParentUdt = (UserDefinedType)rhsParentType; // all parent types of .Class are expected to be possibly-null class types
       Contract.Assert(rhsParentUdt.ResolvedClass is TraitDecl);
       result.Add(UserDefinedType.CreateNonNullTypeIfReferenceType(rhsParentUdt));
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public override List<Type> ParentTypes(List<Type> typeArgs) {
     return result;
   }
 
-  public override SymbolKind Kind => Class.Kind;
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => Class.Kind;
 
   public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     return Class.GetDescription(options);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/SubsetTypeDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/SubsetTypeDecl.cs
index 54c4932a159..d5c473087ac 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/SubsetTypeDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/SubsetTypeDecl.cs
@@ -50,16 +50,18 @@ public SubsetTypeDecl(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, TypeParameter.TypeParame
       );
 
   BoundVar RedirectingTypeDecl.Var => Var;
+  PreType RedirectingTypeDecl.BasePreType => Var.PreType;
+  Type RedirectingTypeDecl.BaseType => Var.Type;
   Expression RedirectingTypeDecl.Constraint => Constraint;
   WKind RedirectingTypeDecl.WitnessKind => WitnessKind;
   Expression RedirectingTypeDecl.Witness => Witness;
 
-  public override List<Type> ParentTypes(List<Type> typeArgs) {
+  public override List<Type> ParentTypes(List<Type> typeArgs, bool includeTypeBounds) {
     return new List<Type> { RhsWithArgument(typeArgs) };
   }
   public bool ShouldVerify => true; // This could be made more accurate
   public ModuleDefinition ContainingModule => EnclosingModuleDefinition;
-  public override SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Class;
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Class;
   public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     return "subset type";
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TopLevelDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TopLevelDecl.cs
index 985a4377f8b..6eafb30f1f0 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TopLevelDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TopLevelDecl.cs
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public abstract class TopLevelDecl : Declaration, TypeParameter.ParentType {
+public abstract class TopLevelDecl : Declaration, TypeParameter.ParentType, ISymbol {
   public abstract string WhatKind { get; }
   public string WhatKindAndName => $"{WhatKind} '{Name}'";
   public ModuleDefinition EnclosingModuleDefinition;
@@ -97,8 +98,10 @@ public TopLevelDecl ViewAsClass {
   ///     class C<X> extends J<X, int>
   /// C.ParentTypes(real) = J<real, int>    // non-null types C and J
   /// C?.ParentTypes(real) = J?<real, int>  // possibly-null type C? and J?
+  /// 
+  /// If "includeTypeBounds" is "true", then for a type parameter, ParentTypes() returns the type bounds.
   /// </summary>
-  public virtual List<Type> ParentTypes(List<Type> typeArgs) {
+  public virtual List<Type> ParentTypes(List<Type> typeArgs, bool includeTypeBounds) {
     Contract.Requires(typeArgs != null);
     Contract.Requires(this.TypeArgs.Count == typeArgs.Count);
     return new List<Type>();
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TopLevelDeclWithMembers.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TopLevelDeclWithMembers.cs
index 89dde03d4a4..a975a0afba7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TopLevelDeclWithMembers.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TopLevelDeclWithMembers.cs
@@ -109,13 +109,17 @@ public List<Type> RawTraitsWithArgument(List<Type> typeArgs) {
     Contract.Requires(typeArgs.Count == TypeArgs.Count);
     // Instantiate with the actual type arguments
     var subst = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(TypeArgs, typeArgs);
-    return ParentTraits.ConvertAll(traitType => {
+    var isReferenceType = this is ClassLikeDecl { IsReferenceTypeDecl: true };
+    var results = new List<Type>();
+    foreach (var traitType in ParentTraits) {
       var ty = (UserDefinedType)traitType.Subst(subst);
-      return (Type)UserDefinedType.CreateNullableTypeIfReferenceType(ty);
-    });
+      Contract.Assert(isReferenceType || !ty.IsRefType);
+      results.Add(UserDefinedType.CreateNullableTypeIfReferenceType(ty));
+    }
+    return results;
   }
 
-  public override List<Type> ParentTypes(List<Type> typeArgs) {
+  public override List<Type> ParentTypes(List<Type> typeArgs, bool includeTypeBounds) {
     return RawTraitsWithArgument(typeArgs);
   }
 
@@ -212,7 +216,7 @@ public void RegisterMembers(ModuleResolver resolver, Dictionary<string, MemberDe
           resolver.reporter.Info(MessageSource.Resolver, m.tok, string.Format("_k: {0}", k.Type));
           formals.Add(k);
           if (m is ExtremePredicate extremePredicate) {
-            formals.AddRange(extremePredicate.Formals.ConvertAll(f => cloner.CloneFormal(f, false)));
+            formals.AddRange(extremePredicate.Ins.ConvertAll(f => cloner.CloneFormal(f, false)));
 
             List<TypeParameter> tyvars = extremePredicate.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(cloner.CloneTypeParam);
 
@@ -267,8 +271,8 @@ public void RegisterMembers(ModuleResolver resolver, Dictionary<string, MemberDe
     }
   }
   public virtual IEnumerable<ISymbol> ChildSymbols => Members.OfType<ISymbol>();
-  public virtual SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Class;
-  public virtual string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Class;
+  public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     return $"{WhatKind} {Name}";
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TypeSynonymDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TypeSynonymDecl.cs
index b3687324a13..0e41dc16a5d 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TypeSynonymDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TypeSynonymDecl.cs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ public TypeSynonymDecl(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, TypeParameter.TypeParam
   }
   public TopLevelDecl AsTopLevelDecl => this;
   public TypeDeclSynonymInfo SynonymInfo { get; set; }
-  public override SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Class;
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Class;
   public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     return "type synonym";
   }
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ public InternalTypeSynonymDecl(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, TypeParameter.T
     : base(rangeToken, name, characteristics, typeArgs, module, rhs, attributes) {
   }
 
-  public override SymbolKind Kind => SymbolKind.Class;
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.Class;
   public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
     return "type synonym";
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TypeSynonymDeclBase.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TypeSynonymDeclBase.cs
index 8ce7193f41b..3466a7113f6 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TypeSynonymDeclBase.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/TypeDeclarations/TypeSynonymDeclBase.cs
@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ public Type RhsWithArgumentIgnoringScope(List<Type> typeArgs) {
   Attributes RedirectingTypeDecl.Attributes { get { return Attributes; } }
   ModuleDefinition RedirectingTypeDecl.Module { get { return EnclosingModuleDefinition; } }
   BoundVar RedirectingTypeDecl.Var { get { return null; } }
+  PreType RedirectingTypeDecl.BasePreType { get { return null; } }
+  Type RedirectingTypeDecl.BaseType { get { return null; } }
   Expression RedirectingTypeDecl.Constraint { get { return null; } }
 
   bool RedirectingTypeDecl.ConstraintIsCompilable {
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ bool RedirectingTypeDecl.ConstraintIsCompilable {
 
   SubsetTypeDecl.WKind RedirectingTypeDecl.WitnessKind { get { return SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.CompiledZero; } }
   Expression RedirectingTypeDecl.Witness { get { return null; } }
-  FreshIdGenerator RedirectingTypeDecl.IdGenerator { get { return IdGenerator; } }
+  VerificationIdGenerator RedirectingTypeDecl.IdGenerator { get { return IdGenerator; } }
 
   bool ICodeContext.IsGhost {
     get { throw new NotSupportedException(); }  // if .IsGhost is needed, the object should always be wrapped in an CodeContextWrapper
@@ -83,6 +85,7 @@ bool ICodeContext.IsGhost {
   ModuleDefinition IASTVisitorContext.EnclosingModule { get { return EnclosingModuleDefinition; } }
   bool ICodeContext.MustReverify { get { return false; } }
   bool ICodeContext.AllowsNontermination { get { return false; } }
+  CodeGenIdGenerator ICodeContext.CodeGenIdGenerator => CodeGenIdGenerator;
   string ICallable.NameRelativeToModule { get { return Name; } }
   Specification<Expression> ICallable.Decreases {
     get {
@@ -123,7 +126,7 @@ public string GetTriviaContainingDocstring() {
     return GetTriviaContainingDocstringFromStartTokenOrNull();
   }
 
-  public abstract SymbolKind Kind { get; }
-  public abstract string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options);
+  public abstract override SymbolKind? Kind { get; }
+  public abstract override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options);
   public string Designator => WhatKind;
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/TypeParameter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/TypeParameter.cs
index c18183a7010..7b4a5e1d70d 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/TypeParameter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/TypeParameter.cs
@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public class TypeParameter : TopLevelDecl {
   public interface ParentType {
     string FullName { get; }
+    IToken Tok { get; }
   }
 
   public override string WhatKind => "type parameter";
 
+  public bool IsAutoCompleted => Name.StartsWith("_");
+
   ParentType parent;
   public ParentType Parent {
     get {
@@ -170,16 +174,30 @@ public bool SupportsEquality {
   }
   public int PositionalIndex; // which type parameter this is (ie. in C<S, T, U>, S is 0, T is 1 and U is 2).
 
-  public TypeParameter(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, TPVarianceSyntax varianceS, TypeParameterCharacteristics characteristics)
+  public readonly List<Type> TypeBounds;
+
+  public IEnumerable<TopLevelDecl> TypeBoundHeads {
+    get {
+      foreach (var typeBound in TypeBounds) {
+        if (typeBound is UserDefinedType { ResolvedClass: { } parentDecl }) {
+          yield return parentDecl;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public TypeParameter(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, TPVarianceSyntax varianceS, TypeParameterCharacteristics characteristics,
+    List<Type> typeBounds)
     : base(rangeToken, name, null, new List<TypeParameter>(), null, false) {
     Contract.Requires(rangeToken != null);
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
     Characteristics = characteristics;
     VarianceSyntax = varianceS;
+    TypeBounds = typeBounds;
   }
 
   public TypeParameter(RangeToken rangeToken, Name name, TPVarianceSyntax varianceS)
-    : this(rangeToken, name, varianceS, new TypeParameterCharacteristics(false)) {
+    : this(rangeToken, name, varianceS, new TypeParameterCharacteristics(false), new List<Type>()) {
     Contract.Requires(rangeToken != null);
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
   }
@@ -190,6 +208,17 @@ public TypeParameter(RangeToken tok, Name name, int positionalIndex, ParentType
     Parent = parent;
   }
 
+  /// <summary>
+  /// Return a list of unresolved clones of the type parameters in "typeParameters".
+  /// </summary>
+  public static List<TypeParameter> CloneTypeParameters(List<TypeParameter> typeParameters) {
+    var cloner = new Cloner();
+    return typeParameters.ConvertAll(tp => {
+      var typeBounds = tp.TypeBounds.ConvertAll(cloner.CloneType);
+      return new TypeParameter(tp.RangeToken, tp.NameNode, tp.VarianceSyntax, tp.Characteristics, typeBounds);
+    });
+  }
+
   public override string FullName {
     get {
       // when debugging, print it all:
@@ -197,6 +226,11 @@ public override string FullName {
     }
   }
 
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => SymbolKind.TypeParameter;
+  public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return null; // TODO test the effect of this
+  }
+
   public static TypeParameterCharacteristics GetExplicitCharacteristics(TopLevelDecl d) {
     Contract.Requires(d != null);
     TypeParameterCharacteristics characteristics = new TypeParameterCharacteristics(false);
@@ -225,4 +259,7 @@ public static Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> SubstitutionMap(List<TypeParameter
     return subst;
   }
 
+  public override List<Type> ParentTypes(List<Type> typeArgs, bool includeTypeBounds) {
+    return includeTypeBounds ? TypeBounds : new List<Type>();
+  }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/Types.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/Types.cs
index e9209663890..7c49af62df7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/Types.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/Types.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define TI_DEBUG_PRINT
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
@@ -337,11 +338,10 @@ public bool IsNumericBased(NumericPersuasion p) {
       } else if (t.IsRealType) {
         return p == NumericPersuasion.Real;
       }
-      var d = t.AsNewtype;
-      if (d == null) {
+      if (t.AsNewtype is not { } newtypeDecl) {
         return false;
       }
-      t = d.BaseType;
+      t = newtypeDecl.RhsWithArgument(t.TypeArgs);
     }
   }
 
@@ -1664,7 +1664,7 @@ public bool ContainsProxy(TypeProxy proxy) {
     }
   }
 
-  public virtual List<Type> ParentTypes() {
+  public virtual List<Type> ParentTypes(bool includeTypeBounds) {
     return new List<Type>();
   }
 
@@ -1691,7 +1691,13 @@ public virtual bool IsSubtypeOf(Type super, bool ignoreTypeArguments, bool ignor
       return ignoreTypeArguments || CompatibleTypeArgs(super, sub);
     }
 
-    return sub.ParentTypes().Any(parentType => parentType.IsSubtypeOf(super, ignoreTypeArguments, ignoreNullity));
+    // There is a special case, namely when super is the non-null "object". Since "sub.ParentTypes()" only gives
+    // back the explicitly declared parent traits, the general case below may miss it.
+    if (super.IsObject) {
+      return sub.IsNonNullRefType;
+    }
+
+    return sub.ParentTypes(true).Any(parentType => parentType.IsSubtypeOf(super, ignoreTypeArguments, ignoreNullity));
   }
 
   public static bool CompatibleTypeArgs(Type super, Type sub) {
@@ -1946,19 +1952,21 @@ public bool HasTypeArg() {
   }
   public void SetTypeArg(Type arg) {
     Contract.Requires(arg != null);
-    Contract.Requires(1 <= this.TypeArgs.Count);  // this is actually an invariant of all collection types
     Contract.Assume(this.arg == null);  // Can only set it once.  This is really a precondition.
     this.arg = arg;
-    this.TypeArgs[0] = arg;
+
+    Debug.Assert(TypeArgs.Count == 0);
+    TypeArgs.Add(arg);
   }
   public virtual void SetTypeArgs(Type arg, Type other) {
     Contract.Requires(arg != null);
     Contract.Requires(other != null);
-    Contract.Requires(this.TypeArgs.Count == 2);
     Contract.Assume(this.arg == null);  // Can only set it once.  This is really a precondition.
     this.arg = arg;
-    this.TypeArgs[0] = arg;
-    this.TypeArgs[1] = other;
+
+    Debug.Assert(TypeArgs.Count == 0);
+    TypeArgs.Add(arg);
+    TypeArgs.Add(other);
   }
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
   void ObjectInvariant() {
@@ -1971,14 +1979,23 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
   /// </summary>
   protected CollectionType(Type arg) {
     this.arg = arg;
-    this.TypeArgs = new List<Type> { arg };
+    TypeArgs = new List<Type>(1);
+    if (arg != null) {
+      TypeArgs.Add(arg);
+    }
   }
+
   /// <summary>
   /// This constructor is a collection types with 2 type arguments
   /// </summary>
   protected CollectionType(Type arg, Type other) {
     this.arg = arg;
-    this.TypeArgs = new List<Type> { arg, other };
+    TypeArgs = new List<Type>(2);
+    if (arg != null && other != null) {
+      TypeArgs.Add(arg);
+      TypeArgs.Add(other);
+    }
+    Debug.Assert(arg == null && other == null || arg != null && other != null);
   }
 
   protected CollectionType(Cloner cloner, CollectionType original) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/UserDefinedType.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/UserDefinedType.cs
index 04839e22327..f0fd965e169 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/UserDefinedType.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/AST/Types/UserDefinedType.cs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public class UserDefinedType : NonProxyType, IHasUsages {
+public class UserDefinedType : NonProxyType, IHasReferences {
   [ContractInvariantMethod]
   void ObjectInvariant() {
     Contract.Invariant(tok != null);
@@ -503,8 +503,8 @@ public override bool ComputeMayInvolveReferences(ISet<DatatypeDecl> visitedDatat
     return true;
   }
 
-  public override List<Type> ParentTypes() {
-    return ResolvedClass != null ? ResolvedClass.ParentTypes(TypeArgs) : base.ParentTypes();
+  public override List<Type> ParentTypes(bool includeTypeBounds) {
+    return ResolvedClass != null ? ResolvedClass.ParentTypes(TypeArgs, includeTypeBounds) : base.ParentTypes(includeTypeBounds);
   }
 
   public override bool IsSubtypeOf(Type super, bool ignoreTypeArguments, bool ignoreNullity) {
@@ -522,8 +522,8 @@ public override bool IsSubtypeOf(Type super, bool ignoreTypeArguments, bool igno
     return base.IsSubtypeOf(super, ignoreTypeArguments, ignoreNullity);
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
     return new[] { ResolvedClass };
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/Assumption.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/Assumption.cs
index 60a9497ae0e..322171ce611 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/Assumption.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/Assumption.cs
@@ -5,125 +5,111 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Auditor;
 
 public record AssumptionDescription(
-  string issue,
-  string mitigation,
-  string mitigationIETF,
-  bool isExplicit,
-  bool allowedInLibraries
+  string Issue,
+  string Mitigation,
+  string MitigationIetf,
+  bool IsExplicit
 ) {
   public static AssumptionDescription HasAxiomAttribute = new(
-    issue: "Declaration has explicit [{:axiom}] attribute.",
-    mitigation: "Provide a proof or test.",
-    mitigationIETF: "SHOULD provide a proof or test.",
-    isExplicit: true,
-    allowedInLibraries: true);
+    Issue: "Declaration has explicit [{:axiom}] attribute.",
+    Mitigation: "Provide a proof or test.",
+    MitigationIetf: "SHOULD provide a proof or test.",
+    IsExplicit: true);
   public static AssumptionDescription HasVerifyFalseAttribute = new(
-    issue: "Declaration has [{:verify false}] attribute.",
-    mitigation: "Remove [{:verify false}] attribute and prove if possible.",
-    mitigationIETF: "MUST remove [{:verify false}] attribute and prove.",
-    isExplicit: false,
-    allowedInLibraries: false);
+    Issue: "Declaration has [{:verify false}] attribute.",
+    Mitigation: "Remove [{:verify false}] attribute and prove if possible.",
+    MitigationIetf: "MUST remove [{:verify false}] attribute and prove.",
+    IsExplicit: false);
   public static AssumptionDescription ExternFunction = new(
-    issue: "Function with [{:extern}] attribute.",
-    mitigation: "Turn into a [method] with [modifies {}] and test thoroughly for lack of side effects.",
-    mitigationIETF: "SHOULD use [method] with [modifies {}] instead.",
-    isExplicit: false,
-    allowedInLibraries: false);
+    Issue: "Function with [{:extern}] attribute.",
+    Mitigation: "Turn into a [method] with [modifies {}] and test thoroughly for lack of side effects.",
+    MitigationIetf: "SHOULD use [method] with [modifies {}] instead.",
+    IsExplicit: false);
 
   public static AssumptionDescription ExternWithPrecondition = new(
-    issue: "Declaration with [{:extern}] has a requires clause.",
-    mitigation: "Test any external callers (maybe with [/testContracts]).",
-    mitigationIETF: "MUST test any external callers.",
-    isExplicit: false,
-    allowedInLibraries: false);
+    Issue: "Declaration with [{:extern}] has a requires clause.",
+    Mitigation: "Test any external callers (maybe with [/testContracts]).",
+    MitigationIetf: "MUST test any external callers.",
+    IsExplicit: false);
   public static AssumptionDescription ExternWithPostcondition = new(
-    issue: "Declaration with [{:extern}] has a ensures clause.",
-    mitigation: "Test external callee (maybe with [/testContracts]).",
-    mitigationIETF: "MUST test external callee.",
-    isExplicit: false,
-    allowedInLibraries: false);
+    Issue: "Declaration with [{:extern}] has a ensures clause.",
+    Mitigation: "Test external callee (maybe with [/testContracts]).",
+    MitigationIetf: "MUST test external callee.",
+    IsExplicit: false);
 
   public static AssumptionDescription AssumeStatement(bool hasAxiomAttribute) {
     return new(
-      issue:
+      Issue:
       hasAxiomAttribute
         ? "Definition has [assume {:axiom}] statement in body."
         : "Definition has [assume] statement in body.",
-      mitigation:
+      Mitigation:
         hasAxiomAttribute
           ? "Replace with [assert] and prove."
           : "Replace with [assert] and prove or add [{:axiom}].",
-      mitigationIETF:
+      MitigationIetf:
         hasAxiomAttribute
           ? "SHOULD replace with [assert] and prove."
           : "MUST replace with [assert] and prove or add [{:axiom}].",
-      isExplicit: false,
-      allowedInLibraries: hasAxiomAttribute
+      IsExplicit: false
     );
   }
   public static AssumptionDescription MayNotTerminate = new(
-    issue: "Method may not terminate (uses [decreases *]).",
-    mitigation: "Provide a valid [decreases] clause.",
-    mitigationIETF: "SHOULD provide a valid [decreases] clause.",
-    isExplicit: false,
-    allowedInLibraries: true);
+    Issue: "Method may not terminate (uses [decreases *]).",
+    Mitigation: "Provide a valid [decreases] clause.",
+    MitigationIetf: "SHOULD provide a valid [decreases] clause.",
+    IsExplicit: false);
   public static AssumptionDescription HasTerminationFalseAttribute = new(
-    issue: "Trait method calls may not terminate (uses [{:termination false}]).",
-    mitigation: "Remove if possible.",
-    mitigationIETF: "MUST remove [{:termination false}] or justify.",
-    isExplicit: false,
-    allowedInLibraries: false);
+    Issue: "Trait method calls may not terminate (uses [{:termination false}]).",
+    Mitigation: "Remove if possible.",
+    MitigationIetf: "MUST remove [{:termination false}] or justify.",
+    IsExplicit: false);
   public static AssumptionDescription ForallWithoutBody = new(
-    issue: "Definition contains [forall] statement with no body.",
-    mitigation: "Provide a body.",
-    mitigationIETF: "MUST provide a body.",
-    isExplicit: false,
-    allowedInLibraries: false);
+    Issue: "Definition contains [forall] statement with no body.",
+    Mitigation: "Provide a body.",
+    MitigationIetf: "MUST provide a body.",
+    IsExplicit: false);
   public static AssumptionDescription LoopWithoutBody = new(
-    issue: "Definition contains loop with no body.",
-    mitigation: "Provide a body.",
-    mitigationIETF: "MUST provide a body.",
-    isExplicit: false,
-    allowedInLibraries: false);
+    Issue: "Definition contains loop with no body.",
+    Mitigation: "Provide a body.",
+    MitigationIetf: "MUST provide a body.",
+    IsExplicit: false);
+
   public static AssumptionDescription HasAssumeConcurrentAttribute(bool isModifies) {
     return new AssumptionDescription(
-      issue: (isModifies ? "Modifies" : "Reads") + " clause has [{:assume_concurrent}] attribute.",
-      mitigation: "Manually review and test in a concurrent setting.",
-      mitigationIETF: "MUST manually review and test in a concurrent setting.",
-      isExplicit: true,
-      allowedInLibraries: false);
+      Issue: (isModifies ? "Modifies" : "Reads") + " clause has [{:assume_concurrent}] attribute.",
+      Mitigation: "Manually review and test in a concurrent setting.",
+      MitigationIetf: "MUST manually review and test in a concurrent setting.",
+      IsExplicit: true);
   }
 
   public static AssumptionDescription NoBody(bool isGhost) {
     return new(
-      issue: (isGhost ? "Ghost" : "Compiled") +
+      Issue: (isGhost ? "Ghost" : "Compiled") +
              " declaration has no body and has an ensures clause.",
-      mitigation: "Provide a body or add [{:axiom}].",
-      mitigationIETF: (isGhost ? "MUST" : "SHOULD") + " provide a body or add [{:axiom}].",
-      isExplicit: false,
-      allowedInLibraries: false);
+      Mitigation: "Provide a body or add [{:axiom}].",
+      MitigationIetf: (isGhost ? "MUST" : "SHOULD") + " provide a body or add [{:axiom}].",
+      IsExplicit: false);
   }
 
   public static readonly AssumptionDescription AssertOnly = new(
-    issue: "Assertion has explicit temporary [{:only}] attribute.",
-    mitigation: "Remove the [{:only}] attribute.",
-    mitigationIETF: "MUST remove the [{:only}] attribute.",
-    isExplicit: true,
-    allowedInLibraries: false
+    Issue: "Assertion has explicit temporary [{:only}] attribute.",
+    Mitigation: "Remove the [{:only}] attribute.",
+    MitigationIetf: "MUST remove the [{:only}] attribute.",
+    IsExplicit: true
   );
 
   public static readonly AssumptionDescription MemberOnly = new(
-    issue: "Member has explicit temporary [{:only}] attribute.",
-    mitigation: "Remove the [{:only}] attribute.",
-    mitigationIETF: "MUST remove the [{:only}] attribute.",
-    isExplicit: true,
-    allowedInLibraries: false
+    Issue: "Member has explicit temporary [{:only}] attribute.",
+    Mitigation: "Remove the [{:only}] attribute.",
+    MitigationIetf: "MUST remove the [{:only}] attribute.",
+    IsExplicit: true
   );
 }
 public record Assumption(Declaration decl, IToken tok, AssumptionDescription desc) {
   public string Warning() {
-    var tickIssue = UpdateVerbatim(desc.issue, "`", "`");
-    var tickMitigation = UpdateVerbatim(desc.mitigation, "`", "`");
+    var tickIssue = UpdateVerbatim(desc.Issue, "`", "`");
+    var tickMitigation = UpdateVerbatim(desc.Mitigation, "`", "`");
     return decl.Name + ": " + tickIssue + " Possible mitigation: " + tickMitigation;
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/AuditReport.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/AuditReport.cs
index 046dba58775..ae1a53a070a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/AuditReport.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/AuditReport.cs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ private void UseDecl(Declaration decl) {
     }
   }
   public void AddAssumptions(Declaration decl, IEnumerable<Assumption> assumptions) {
-    var explicitAssumptions = assumptions.Where(a => a.desc.isExplicit);
+    var explicitAssumptions = assumptions.Where(a => a.desc.IsExplicit);
     var assumptionsToAdd = explicitAssumptions.Any() ? explicitAssumptions : assumptions;
     if (assumptionsToAdd.Any()) {
       assumptionsByDecl.Add(decl, assumptionsToAdd);
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ private IEnumerable<string> IssueRow(Declaration decl, Assumption a, string issu
 
   private string RenderAssumptionRows(Declaration decl, IEnumerable<Assumption> assumptions, string beg, string sep, string end, Func<string, string> targetFormatter) {
     var rows = assumptions
-      .Select(a => RenderRow(beg, sep, end, IssueRow(decl, a, a.desc.issue, a.desc.mitigation, targetFormatter)));
+      .Select(a => RenderRow(beg, sep, end, IssueRow(decl, a, a.desc.Issue, a.desc.Mitigation, targetFormatter)));
     return String.Concat(rows);
   }
 
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ public string RenderMarkdownTable() {
   }
 
   private void AppendMarkdownIETFDescription(AssumptionDescription desc, StringBuilder text) {
-    var issue = Assumption.UpdateVerbatim(desc.issue, "`", "`");
-    var mitigation = Assumption.UpdateVerbatim(desc.mitigationIETF, "`", "`");
+    var issue = Assumption.UpdateVerbatim(desc.Issue, "`", "`");
+    var mitigation = Assumption.UpdateVerbatim(desc.MitigationIetf, "`", "`");
     text.AppendLine("");
     text.AppendLine($"* {issue} {mitigation}");
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/Auditor.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/Auditor.cs
index 16f266cda25..a09dbeee9c2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/Auditor.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Auditor/Auditor.cs
@@ -66,11 +66,9 @@ static Auditor() {
                                  "md-ietf", "markdown-ietf",
                                  "txt");
 
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(
-      ReportFileOption,
-      ReportFormatOption,
-      CompareReportOption
-    );
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ReportFileOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ReportFormatOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(CompareReportOption, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 
   /// <summary>
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/BoogieExtractor.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/BoogieExtractor.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dd9a226fdc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/BoogieExtractor.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Copyright by the contributors to the Dafny Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#nullable enable
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using Microsoft.BaseTypes;
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers {
+  public class ExtractorError : Exception {
+    public ExtractorError(string message)
+      : base(message) {
+    }
+  }
+
+  public class BoogieExtractor : ASTVisitor<IASTVisitorContext> {
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Says to look inside the module for contents to extract.
+    /// Can be applied to a module.
+    /// 
+    /// Note: This attribute isn't used yet, so the use of the attribute is just a stylistic thing at the moment.
+    /// Similarly, one can imagine that the extractor will look at a module's export clauses, to--in some way--check that
+    /// the set of Boogie declarations exported are self consistent. But that isn't done yet, either. Instead, all contents
+    /// of all files given to the extractor are considered for extraction.  
+    /// </summary>
+    private const string ExtractAttribute = "extract_boogie";
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gives the Boogie name to be used in the extraction.
+    /// Can be applied to types and functions.
+    /// </summary>
+    private const string NameAttribute = "extract_boogie_name";
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Says to place the extracted axiom declaration in the "uses" block of the given function.
+    /// Can be applied to lemmas.
+    /// </summary>
+    private const string UsedByAttribute = "extract_used_by";
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Gives a matching pattern to be applied in the quantifier emitted from a lemma or from a quantifier.
+    /// Can be applied to lemmas and quantifiers.
+    /// </summary>
+    private const string PatternAttribute = "extract_pattern";
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Specifies an additional attribute to be attached to the quantifier emitted from a lemma.
+    /// Can be applied to lemmas.
+    /// </summary>
+    private const string AttributeAttribute = "extract_attribute";
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Throws an "ExtractorError" if the input is unexpected or unsupported.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static Boogie.Program Extract(Program program) {
+      var extractor = new BoogieExtractor();
+      extractor.VisitModule(program.DefaultModule);
+      extractor.FixUpUsedByInformation();
+
+      var extractedProgram = new Boogie.Program();
+      extractedProgram.AddTopLevelDeclarations(extractor.allDeclarations);
+      return extractedProgram;
+    }
+
+    private List<Boogie.Declaration> declarations = new(); // for the current module
+    private List<Boogie.Declaration> allDeclarations = new(); // these are the declarations for all modules marked with {:extract} 
+    private readonly Dictionary<Function, Boogie.Function> functionExtractions = new();
+    private readonly List<(Boogie.Axiom, Function)> axiomUsedBy = new();
+
+    private BoogieExtractor() {
+    }
+
+    void FixUpUsedByInformation() {
+      foreach (var (axiom, function) in axiomUsedBy) {
+        if (!functionExtractions.TryGetValue(function, out var boogieFunction)) {
+          throw new ExtractorError($":{UsedByAttribute} attribute mentions non-extracted function: {function.Name}");
+        }
+        boogieFunction.OtherDefinitionAxioms.Add(axiom);
+      }
+      axiomUsedBy.Clear();
+    }
+
+    public override IASTVisitorContext GetContext(IASTVisitorContext astVisitorContext, bool inFunctionPostcondition) {
+      return astVisitorContext;
+    }
+
+    void VisitModule(ModuleDecl module) {
+      var previousDeclarations = declarations;
+      declarations = new();
+
+      VisitDeclarations(module.Signature.TopLevels.Values.ToList());
+
+      if (Attributes.Contains(module.Signature.ModuleDef.Attributes, ExtractAttribute)) {
+        declarations.Sort((d0, d1) => d0.tok.pos - d1.tok.pos);
+        allDeclarations.AddRange(declarations);
+      }
+      declarations = previousDeclarations;
+    }
+
+    protected override void VisitOneDeclaration(TopLevelDecl decl) {
+      if (decl is ModuleDecl moduleDecl) {
+        VisitModule(moduleDecl);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (GetExtractName(decl.Attributes) is { } extractName) {
+        var ty = new Boogie.TypeCtorDecl(decl.tok, extractName, decl.TypeArgs.Count);
+        declarations.Add(ty);
+      }
+
+      base.VisitOneDeclaration(decl); // this will visit the declaration's members
+    }
+
+    public override void VisitMethod(Method method) {
+      if (method is not Lemma lemma) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      var patterns = Attributes.FindAllExpressions(lemma.Attributes, PatternAttribute);
+      var usedByInfo = Attributes.Find(lemma.Attributes, UsedByAttribute);
+      if (patterns == null && usedByInfo == null) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if ((lemma.Ins.Count == 0) != (patterns == null)) {
+        throw new ExtractorError($"a parameterized lemma must specify at least one :{PatternAttribute}: {lemma.Name}");
+      }
+      if (lemma.TypeArgs.Count != 0) {
+        throw new ExtractorError($"an extracted lemma is not allowed to have type parameters: {lemma.Name}");
+      }
+      if (lemma.Outs.Count != 0) {
+        throw new ExtractorError($"an extracted lemma is not allowed to have out-parameters: {lemma.Name}");
+      }
+
+      var tok = lemma.tok;
+
+      var boundVars = lemma.Ins.ConvertAll(formal =>
+        (Boogie.Variable)new Boogie.BoundVariable(tok, new TypedIdent(tok, formal.Name, ExtractType(formal.Type)))
+      );
+
+      var triggers = GetTriggers(tok, patterns);
+
+      var ante = BoogieGenerator.BplAnd(lemma.Req.ConvertAll(req => ExtractExpr(req.E)));
+      var post = BoogieGenerator.BplAnd(lemma.Ens.ConvertAll(ens => ExtractExpr(ens.E)));
+      var body = BoogieGenerator.BplImp(ante, post);
+
+      Boogie.Expr axiomBody;
+      if (boundVars.Count == 0) {
+        axiomBody = body;
+      } else {
+        var kv = GetKeyValues(tok, lemma.Attributes);
+        axiomBody = new Boogie.ForallExpr(tok, new List<TypeVariable>(), boundVars, kv, triggers, body);
+      }
+      var axiom = new Boogie.Axiom(tok, axiomBody);
+      declarations.Add(axiom);
+
+      if (usedByInfo != null) {
+        if (usedByInfo.Args.Count == 1 && usedByInfo.Args[0].Resolved is MemberSelectExpr { Member: Function function }) {
+          axiomUsedBy.Add((axiom, function));
+        } else {
+          throw new ExtractorError($":{UsedByAttribute} argument on lemma '{lemma.Name}' is expected to be an extracted function");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    private Trigger? GetTriggers(IToken tok, List<List<Expression>>? patterns) {
+      if (patterns == null) {
+        return null;
+      }
+
+      Boogie.Trigger? triggers = null;
+      for (var i = 0; i < patterns.Count; i++) {
+        var terms = patterns![i].ConvertAll(ExtractExpr);
+        triggers = new Boogie.Trigger(tok, true, terms, triggers);
+      }
+
+      return triggers;
+    }
+
+    private QKeyValue? GetKeyValues(IToken tok, Attributes attributes) {
+      QKeyValue? kv = null;
+      var extractAttributes = Attributes.FindAllExpressions(attributes, AttributeAttribute);
+      if (extractAttributes == null) {
+        return kv;
+      }
+
+      if (extractAttributes.Count == 0) {
+        throw new ExtractorError($"first argument to :{AttributeAttribute} is expected to be a literal string; got no arguments");
+      }
+      for (var i = extractAttributes.Count; 0 <= --i;) {
+        string? attrName = null;
+        var parameters = new List<object>();
+        foreach (var argument in extractAttributes[i]) {
+          if (attrName != null) {
+            parameters.Add(ExtractExpr(argument));
+          } else if (argument is StringLiteralExpr { Value: string name }) {
+            attrName = name;
+          } else {
+            throw new ExtractorError($"first argument to :{AttributeAttribute} is expected to be a literal string; got: {argument}");
+          }
+        }
+
+        kv = new QKeyValue(tok, attrName, parameters, kv);
+      }
+
+      return kv;
+    }
+
+    public override void VisitFunction(Function function) {
+      if (GetExtractName(function.Attributes) is { } extractName) {
+        var tok = function.tok;
+        if (function.TypeArgs.Count != 0) {
+          throw new ExtractorError($"an extracted function is not allowed to have type parameters: {function.Name}");
+        }
+        var inParams = function.Ins.ConvertAll(formal =>
+          (Boogie.Variable)new Boogie.Formal(tok, new TypedIdent(tok, formal.Name, ExtractType(formal.Type)), true)
+        );
+        var result = new Boogie.Formal(tok, new TypedIdent(tok, TypedIdent.NoName, ExtractType(function.ResultType)), false);
+        var fn = new Boogie.Function(tok, extractName, inParams, result);
+        declarations.Add(fn);
+        functionExtractions.Add(function, fn);
+      }
+    }
+
+    private Boogie.Type ExtractType(Type type) {
+      switch (type) {
+        case IntType:
+          return Boogie.Type.Int;
+        case BoolType:
+          return Boogie.Type.Bool;
+        case UserDefinedType udt: {
+            var cl = udt.ResolvedClass;
+            var name = GetExtractName(cl.Attributes) ?? cl.Name;
+            return new Boogie.UnresolvedTypeIdentifier(Boogie.Token.NoToken, name, udt.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(ExtractType));
+          }
+        default:
+          throw new ExtractorError($"type not supported by extractor: {type}");
+      }
+    }
+
+    private string? GetExtractName(Attributes attributes) {
+      if (Attributes.Find(attributes, NameAttribute) is { } extractNameAttribute) {
+        if (extractNameAttribute.Args.Count == 1 && extractNameAttribute.Args[0] is StringLiteralExpr { Value: string extractName }) {
+          return extractName;
+        }
+      }
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    private Boogie.Expr ExtractExpr(Expression expr) {
+      expr = expr.Resolved;
+      var tok = expr.tok;
+      switch (expr) {
+        case LiteralExpr literalExpr: {
+            if (literalExpr.Value is bool boolValue) {
+              // use the specific literals, rather than Boogie.LiteralExpr(bool), in order for the
+              // peephole optimizations to kick in
+              return boolValue ? Boogie.Expr.True : Boogie.Expr.False;
+            } else if (literalExpr.Value is BigInteger intValue) {
+              var n = BigNum.FromBigInt(intValue);
+              return Boogie.Expr.Literal(n);
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+
+        case IdentifierExpr identifierExpr:
+          return new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(tok, identifierExpr.Name);
+
+        case FunctionCallExpr functionCallExpr: {
+            var function = functionCallExpr.Function;
+            var functionName = GetExtractName(function.Attributes) ?? function.Name;
+            Contract.Assert(function.IsStatic);
+            var arguments = functionCallExpr.Args.ConvertAll(ExtractExpr);
+            return new Boogie.NAryExpr(tok, new Boogie.FunctionCall(new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(tok, functionName)), arguments);
+          }
+
+        case BinaryExpr binaryExpr: {
+            var e0 = ExtractExpr(binaryExpr.E0);
+            var e1 = ExtractExpr(binaryExpr.E1);
+            switch (binaryExpr.ResolvedOp) {
+              case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.EqCommon:
+                return Boogie.Expr.Eq(e0, e1);
+              case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NeqCommon:
+                return Boogie.Expr.Neq(e0, e1);
+              case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Iff:
+                return BoogieGenerator.BplIff(e0, e1);
+              case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Imp:
+                return BoogieGenerator.BplImp(e0, e1);
+              case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.And:
+                return BoogieGenerator.BplAnd(e0, e1);
+              case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Or:
+                return BoogieGenerator.BplOr(e0, e1);
+              case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Le:
+                return Boogie.Expr.Le(e0, e1);
+              case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Lt:
+                return Boogie.Expr.Lt(e0, e1);
+              case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Add:
+                return Boogie.Expr.Add(e0, e1);
+              case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Sub:
+                return Boogie.Expr.Sub(e0, e1);
+              default:
+                break;
+            }
+            break;
+          }
+
+        case UnaryOpExpr unaryOpExpr:
+          if (unaryOpExpr.ResolvedOp == UnaryOpExpr.ResolvedOpcode.BoolNot) {
+            var e = ExtractExpr(unaryOpExpr.E);
+            return Boogie.Expr.Not(e);
+          } else {
+            throw new ExtractorError($"extractor does not support unary operator {unaryOpExpr.ResolvedOp}");
+          }
+
+        case QuantifierExpr quantifierExpr: {
+            var boundVars = quantifierExpr.BoundVars.ConvertAll(boundVar =>
+              (Boogie.Variable)new Boogie.BoundVariable(tok, new TypedIdent(tok, boundVar.Name, ExtractType(boundVar.Type)))
+            );
+
+            var patterns = Attributes.FindAllExpressions(quantifierExpr.Attributes, PatternAttribute);
+            if (patterns.Count == 0) {
+              throw new ExtractorError($"extraction expects every quantifier to specify at least one :{PatternAttribute}");
+            }
+            var triggers = GetTriggers(tok, patterns);
+
+            var kv = GetKeyValues(tok, quantifierExpr.Attributes);
+            var body = ExtractExpr(quantifierExpr.LogicalBody());
+            if (quantifierExpr is ExistsExpr) {
+              return new Boogie.ExistsExpr(tok, new List<TypeVariable>(), boundVars, kv, triggers, body);
+            } else {
+              Contract.Assert(quantifierExpr is ForallExpr);
+              return new Boogie.ForallExpr(tok, new List<TypeVariable>(), boundVars, kv, triggers, body);
+            }
+          }
+
+        default:
+          break;
+      }
+
+      throw new ExtractorError($"extraction does not support expression of type {expr.GetType()}: {expr}");
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpBackend.cs
index 388e50f20a8..56a91d83ae7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpBackend.cs
@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
-using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 using System.IO;
-using System.Linq;
 using System.Reflection;
-using System.Text.Json;
+using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
-using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
@@ -39,123 +35,107 @@ public override string GetCompileName(bool isDefaultModule, string moduleName, s
     string callToMain /*?*/, string targetFilename /*?*/, ReadOnlyCollection<string> otherFileNames,
     bool runAfterCompile, TextWriter outputWriter) {
 
-    // .NET Core does not allow C# compilation on all platforms using System.CodeDom. You need to use Roslyn libraries. Context: https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/18768
-    var compilation = CSharpCompilation.Create(Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(dafnyProgramName))
-      .WithOptions(new CSharpCompilationOptions(OutputKind.DynamicallyLinkedLibrary))
-      .AddReferences(
-        MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(typeof(object).GetTypeInfo().Assembly.Location),
-        MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load("mscorlib").Location));
+    var outputDir = targetFilename == null ? Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() : Path.GetDirectoryName(Path.GetFullPath(targetFilename));
+    var fileNames = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(Path.GetFileName(dafnyProgramName));
+    var sourcePath = Path.Join(outputDir, fileNames + ".cs");
+    var csprojPath = Path.Join(outputDir, fileNames + ".csproj");
+    Directory.CreateDirectory(outputDir);
 
-    compilation = compilation.WithOptions(compilation.Options.WithOutputKind(callToMain != null ? OutputKind.ConsoleApplication : OutputKind.DynamicallyLinkedLibrary));
+    var source = callToMain == null ? targetProgramText : targetProgramText + callToMain;
+    await File.WriteAllTextAsync(sourcePath, source);
 
-    var tempCompilationResult = new CSharpCompilationResult();
+    var outputType = callToMain == null ? "Library" : "Exe";
+
+    var itemGroupExtra = @"";
     if (!Options.IncludeRuntime) {
       var libPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
-      compilation = compilation.AddReferences(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Path.Join(libPath, "DafnyRuntime.dll")));
-      compilation = compilation.AddReferences(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load("netstandard").Location));
+      var runtimePath = Path.Join(libPath, "DafnyRuntime.dll");
+      itemGroupExtra = @$"
+    <Reference Include=""DafnyRuntime"">
+      <HintPath>{runtimePath}</HintPath>
+    </Reference>";
     }
 
-    var standardLibraries = new List<string>() {
-      "System.Runtime",
-      "System.Runtime.Numerics",
-      "System.Collections",
-      "System.Collections.Immutable",
-      "System.Collections.Concurrent",
-      "System.Console"
-    };
-    compilation = compilation.AddReferences(standardLibraries.Select(fileName => MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load((string)fileName).Location)));
-
-    if (Options.Optimize) {
-      compilation = compilation.WithOptions(compilation.Options.WithOptimizationLevel(
-        Options.Optimize ? OptimizationLevel.Release : OptimizationLevel.Debug));
-    }
+    var sourceFiles = new StringBuilder();
+    sourceFiles.AppendLine(@$"<Compile Include=""{sourcePath}"" />");
 
-    var otherSourceFiles = new List<string>();
     foreach (var file in otherFileNames) {
       string extension = Path.GetExtension(file);
       if (extension != null) { extension = extension.ToLower(); }
       if (extension == ".cs") {
         var normalizedPath = Path.Combine(Path.GetDirectoryName(file), Path.GetFileName(file));
         if (File.Exists(normalizedPath)) {
-          otherSourceFiles.Add(normalizedPath);
+          sourceFiles.AppendLine(@$"<Compile Include=""{normalizedPath}"" />");
         } else {
           await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Errors compiling program: Could not find {file}");
           return (false, null);
         }
       } else if (extension == ".dll") {
-        compilation = compilation.AddReferences(MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Path.GetFullPath(file)));
+        sourceFiles.Append(@$"
+    <Reference Include=""{Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(file)}"">
+      <HintPath>{Path.GetFullPath(file)}</HintPath>
+    </Reference>");
       }
     }
 
-    var source = callToMain == null ? targetProgramText : targetProgramText + callToMain;
-    compilation = compilation.AddSyntaxTrees(CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(source, null, "source"));
-    foreach (var sourceFile in otherSourceFiles) {
-      compilation = compilation.AddSyntaxTrees(CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(File.ReadAllText(sourceFile), null, sourceFile));
-    }
-    var outputDir = targetFilename == null ? Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() : Path.GetDirectoryName(Path.GetFullPath(targetFilename));
-    Directory.CreateDirectory(outputDir);
-    var outputPath = Path.Join(outputDir, Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(Path.GetFileName(dafnyProgramName)) + ".dll");
-    var outputJson = Path.Join(outputDir, Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(Path.GetFileName(dafnyProgramName)) + ".runtimeconfig.json");
-    var emitResult = compilation.Emit(outputPath);
-
-    if (emitResult.Success) {
-      tempCompilationResult.CompiledAssembly = Assembly.LoadFile(outputPath);
-      if (Options.Verbose) {
-        await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Compiled assembly into {compilation.AssemblyName}.dll");
-      }
-
-      try {
-        var configuration = JsonSerializer.Serialize(
-          new {
-            runtimeOptions = new {
-              tfm = "net6.0",
-              framework = new {
-                name = "Microsoft.NETCore.App",
-                version = "6.0.0",
-                rollForward = "LatestMinor"
-              }
-            }
-          }, new JsonSerializerOptions() { WriteIndented = true });
-        await File.WriteAllTextAsync(outputJson, configuration + Environment.NewLine);
-      } catch (Exception e) {
-        await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Error trying to write '{outputJson}': {e.Message}");
-        return (false, null);
-      }
+    var itemGroup = @$"
+  <ItemGroup>
+      {sourceFiles}
+      <PackageReference Include=""System.Runtime.Numerics"" Version=""4.3.0"" />
+      <PackageReference Include=""System.Collections.Immutable"" Version=""1.7.1"" />
+      {itemGroupExtra}
+  </ItemGroup>";
+
+    var projectFile = @$"<Project Sdk=""Microsoft.NET.Sdk"">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <OutputType>{outputType}</OutputType>
+    <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
+    <EnableDefaultCompileItems>false</EnableDefaultCompileItems>
+    <NoWarn>CS8600;CS8603;CS8604;CS8605;CS8625;CS8629;CS8714;CS8765;CS8769;CS8981</NoWarn>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+    <RollForward>Major</RollForward>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  {itemGroup}
+</Project>
+";
+
+    await File.WriteAllTextAsync(csprojPath, projectFile);
+
+    var arguments = new[] { "build", csprojPath, "-o", outputDir };
+    var psi = PrepareProcessStartInfo("dotnet", arguments);
+    var dotnetOutputWriter = new StringWriter();
+    var dotnetErrorWriter = new StringWriter();
+    var exitCode = await RunProcess(psi, dotnetOutputWriter, dotnetErrorWriter);
+    var dllPath = Path.Combine(outputDir, fileNames + ".dll");
+    if (exitCode != 0 || !File.Exists(dllPath)) {
+      await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync($@"Failed to compile C# source code using 'dotnet {string.Join(" ", arguments)}'. Command output was:");
+      await outputWriter.WriteAsync(dotnetOutputWriter.ToString());
+      await outputWriter.WriteAsync(dotnetErrorWriter.ToString());
     } else {
-      await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Errors compiling program into {compilation.AssemblyName}");
-      var errors = emitResult.Diagnostics.Where(d => d.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error).ToList();
-      foreach (var ce in errors) {
-        await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync(ce.ToString());
-        await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync();
+      if (Options.Verbose) {
+        await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Compiled assembly into {Path.GetFileName(dllPath)}");
       }
-
-      return (false, null);
     }
-
-    return (true, tempCompilationResult);
-  }
-
-  private class CSharpCompilationResult {
-    public Assembly CompiledAssembly;
+    return (exitCode == 0, dllPath);
   }
 
   public override async Task<bool> RunTargetProgram(string dafnyProgramName, string targetProgramText, string callToMain,
     string targetFilename /*?*/, ReadOnlyCollection<string> otherFileNames,
     object compilationResult, TextWriter outputWriter, TextWriter errorWriter) {
 
-    var crx = (CSharpCompilationResult)compilationResult;
+    var dllPath = (string)compilationResult;
+    var dllFolder = Path.GetDirectoryName(dllPath)!;
 
     foreach (var otherFileName in otherFileNames) {
       if (Path.GetExtension(otherFileName) == ".dll") {
-        var targetDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(crx.CompiledAssembly.Location);
-        File.Copy(otherFileName, Path.Combine(targetDirectory!, Path.GetFileName(otherFileName)), true);
+        File.Copy(otherFileName, Path.Combine(dllFolder, Path.GetFileName(otherFileName)), true);
       }
     }
 
-    if (crx.CompiledAssembly == null) {
-      throw new Exception("Cannot call run target program on a compilation that failed");
-    }
-    var psi = PrepareProcessStartInfo("dotnet", new[] { crx.CompiledAssembly.Location }.Concat(Options.MainArgs));
+    var psi = PrepareProcessStartInfo("dotnet", new[] { dllPath }.Concat(Options.MainArgs));
     return await RunProcess(psi, outputWriter, errorWriter) == 0;
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpCodeGenerator.cs
index f031a1adee5..5e3ee5c8db5 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@
 using System.Numerics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
-using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp;
-using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using Microsoft.BaseTypes;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
@@ -165,7 +163,7 @@ protected override void EmitBuiltInDecls(SystemModuleManager systemModuleManager
         wr.WriteLine("#if ISDAFNYRUNTIMELIB");
       }
 
-      var dafnyNamespace = CreateModule("Dafny", false, null, null, wr);
+      var dafnyNamespace = CreateModule("Dafny", false, null, null, null, wr);
       EmitInitNewArrays(systemModuleManager, dafnyNamespace);
       if (Synthesize) {
         CsharpSynthesizer.EmitMultiMatcher(dafnyNamespace);
@@ -271,7 +269,7 @@ string IdProtectModule(string moduleName) {
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition externModule,
-      string libraryName /*?*/, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      string libraryName /*?*/, Attributes moduleAttributes, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       moduleName = IdProtectModule(moduleName);
       return wr.NewBlock($"namespace {moduleName}", " // end of " + $"namespace {moduleName}");
     }
@@ -869,7 +867,7 @@ private void CompileDatatypeDestructorsAndAddToInterface(DatatypeDecl dt, Concre
           if (compiledConstructorCount != 0) {
             var arg = dtor.CorrespondingFormals[0];
             if (!arg.IsGhost) {
-              var DtorM = arg.HasName ? "_" + arg.CompileName : FieldName(arg, index);
+              var DtorM = arg.HasName ? InternalFieldPrefix + arg.CompileName : FieldName(arg, index);
               //   TN dtor_QDtorM { get; }
               interfaceTree.WriteLine($"{TypeName(arg.Type, wr, arg.tok)} {DestructorGetterName(arg, ctor, index)} {{ get; }}");
 
@@ -927,7 +925,7 @@ private void CompileDatatypeInterfaceMembers(DatatypeDecl dt, ConcreteSyntaxTree
       foreach (var member in dt.Members) {
         if (member.IsGhost || member.IsStatic) { continue; }
         if (member is Function fn && !NeedsCustomReceiver(member)) {
-          CreateFunction(IdName(fn), CombineAllTypeArguments(fn), fn.Formals, fn.ResultType, fn.tok, fn.IsStatic,
+          CreateFunction(IdName(fn), CombineAllTypeArguments(fn), fn.Ins, fn.ResultType, fn.tok, fn.IsStatic,
             false, fn, interfaceTree, false, false);
         } else if (member is Method m && !NeedsCustomReceiver(member)) {
           CreateMethod(m, CombineAllTypeArguments(m), false, interfaceTree, false, false);
@@ -947,9 +945,9 @@ string NeedsNew(TopLevelDeclWithMembers ty, string memberName) {
       }
     }
 
-    public override bool NeedsCustomReceiver(MemberDecl member) {
-      //Dafny and C# have different ideas about variance, so not every datatype member can be in the interface.
-      if (!member.IsStatic && member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl d) {
+    public override bool NeedsCustomReceiverInDatatype(MemberDecl member) {
+      Contract.Requires(!member.IsStatic && member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl);
+      if (member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl d) {
         foreach (var tp in d.TypeArgs) {
           bool InvalidType(Type ty) => (ty.AsTypeParameter != null && ty.AsTypeParameter.Equals(tp))
                                        || ty.TypeArgs.Exists(InvalidType);
@@ -957,7 +955,7 @@ bool InvalidType(Type ty) => (ty.AsTypeParameter != null && ty.AsTypeParameter.E
           switch (tp.Variance) {
             //Can only be in output
             case TypeParameter.TPVariance.Co:
-              if ((member is Function f && f.Formals.Exists(InvalidFormal))
+              if ((member is Function f && f.Ins.Exists(InvalidFormal))
                   || (member is Method m && m.Ins.Exists(InvalidFormal))
                   || NeedsTypeDescriptor(tp)) {
                 return true;
@@ -975,10 +973,9 @@ bool InvalidType(Type ty) => (ty.AsTypeParameter != null && ty.AsTypeParameter.E
         }
       }
 
-      return base.NeedsCustomReceiver(member);
+      return base.NeedsCustomReceiverInDatatype(member);
     }
 
-
     private void CompileDatatypeConstructors(DatatypeDecl dt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wrx) {
       Contract.Requires(dt != null);
       var nonGhostTypeArgs = SelectNonGhost(dt, dt.TypeArgs);
@@ -1181,7 +1178,7 @@ private string FieldName(Formal formal, int i) {
       Contract.Requires(formal != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<string>() != null);
 
-      return IdProtect("_" + (formal.HasName ? formal.CompileName : "a" + i));
+      return IdProtect(InternalFieldPrefix + (formal.HasName ? formal.CompileName : "a" + i));
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -1575,7 +1572,7 @@ internal override string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok,
         return "bool";
       } else if (xType is CharType) {
         return CharTypeName;
-      } else if (xType is IntType || xType is BigOrdinalType) {
+      } else if (xType is IntType or BigOrdinalType) {
         return "BigInteger";
       } else if (xType is RealType) {
         return "Dafny.BigRational";
@@ -1583,11 +1580,11 @@ internal override string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok,
         var t = (BitvectorType)xType;
         return t.NativeType != null ? GetNativeTypeName(t.NativeType) : "BigInteger";
       } else if (xType.AsNewtype != null && member == null) {  // when member is given, use UserDefinedType case below
-        var nativeType = xType.AsNewtype.NativeType;
-        if (nativeType != null) {
+        var newtypeDecl = xType.AsNewtype;
+        if (newtypeDecl.NativeType is { } nativeType) {
           return GetNativeTypeName(nativeType);
         }
-        return TypeName(xType.AsNewtype.BaseType, wr, tok);
+        return TypeName(newtypeDecl.ConcreteBaseType(xType.TypeArgs), wr, tok);
       } else if (xType.IsObjectQ) {
         return "object";
       } else if (xType.IsArrayType) {
@@ -1682,7 +1679,7 @@ protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
         return "false";
       } else if (xType is CharType) {
         return UnicodeCharEnabled ? $"new {CharTypeName}({CharType.DefaultValueAsString})" : CharType.DefaultValueAsString;
-      } else if (xType is IntType || xType is BigOrdinalType) {
+      } else if (xType is IntType or BigOrdinalType) {
         return "BigInteger.Zero";
       } else if (xType is RealType) {
         return "Dafny.BigRational.ZERO";
@@ -1711,7 +1708,7 @@ protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
         } else if (td.NativeType != null) {
           return "0";
         } else {
-          return TypeInitializationValue(td.BaseType, wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
+          return TypeInitializationValue(td.ConcreteBaseType(udt.TypeArgs), wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
         }
       } else if (cl is SubsetTypeDecl) {
         var td = (SubsetTypeDecl)cl;
@@ -2038,7 +2035,7 @@ protected override void EmitAbsurd(string/*?*/ message, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
     protected override void EmitHalt(IToken tok, Expression/*?*/ messageExpr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       var exceptionMessage = Expr(messageExpr, false, wr.Fork());
       if (tok != null) {
-        exceptionMessage.Prepend(new LineSegment(SymbolDisplay.FormatLiteral(tok.TokenToString(Options) + ": ", true) + " + "));
+        exceptionMessage.Prepend(new LineSegment($"\"{tok.TokenToString(Options).Replace(@"\", @"\\")}: \" + "));
       }
       if (UnicodeCharEnabled && messageExpr.Type.IsStringType) {
         exceptionMessage.Write(".ToVerbatimString(false)");
@@ -2049,18 +2046,18 @@ protected override void EmitHalt(IToken tok, Expression/*?*/ messageExpr, Concre
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitForStmt(IToken tok, IVariable loopIndex, bool goingUp, string /*?*/ endVarName,
       List<Statement> body, LList<Label> labels, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
 
-      wr.Write($"for ({TypeName(loopIndex.Type, wr, tok)} {loopIndex.CompileName} = ");
+      wr.Write($"for ({TypeName(loopIndex.Type, wr, tok)} {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} = ");
       var startWr = wr.Fork();
       wr.Write($"; ");
 
       ConcreteSyntaxTree bodyWr;
       if (goingUp) {
-        wr.Write(endVarName != null ? $"{loopIndex.CompileName} < {endVarName}" : "");
-        bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.CompileName}++)");
+        wr.Write(endVarName != null ? $"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} < {endVarName}" : "");
+        bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}++)");
       } else {
-        wr.Write(endVarName != null ? $"{endVarName} < {loopIndex.CompileName}" : "");
+        wr.Write(endVarName != null ? $"{endVarName} < {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}" : "");
         bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; )");
-        bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.CompileName}--;");
+        bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}--;");
       }
       bodyWr = EmitContinueLabel(labels, bodyWr);
       TrStmtList(body, bodyWr);
@@ -2634,7 +2631,8 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
         }
       } else if (member is Function fn) {
         var wr = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
-        EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(IdName(member), TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, member, false)), member.tok, wr);
+        EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(IdName(member), TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, member, false)),
+        member.tok, null, false, wr);
         if (typeArgs.Count == 0 && additionalCustomParameter == null) {
           var nameAndTypeArgs = wr.ToString();
           return SuffixLvalue(obj, $".{nameAndTypeArgs}");
@@ -2653,7 +2651,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
           var arguments = lambdaHeader.ForkInParens();
           lambdaHeader.Write(" => ");
 
-          foreach (var arg in fn.Formals) {
+          foreach (var arg in fn.Ins) {
             if (!arg.IsGhost) {
               var name = idGenerator.FreshId("_eta");
               var ty = arg.Type.Subst(typeMap);
@@ -2676,7 +2674,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
               w.Write(")");
             }
           });
-        } else if (NeedsCustomReceiver(member) && !(member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl)) {
+        } else if (NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(member)) {
           // instance const in a newtype or belongs to a datatype
           Contract.Assert(typeArgs.Count == 0 || member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl);
           return SimpleLvalue(w => {
@@ -2685,7 +2683,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
             w.Write(")");
           });
         } else if (internalAccess && (member is ConstantField || member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl)) {
-          return SuffixLvalue(obj, $"._{member.GetCompileName(Options)}");
+          return SuffixLvalue(obj, $".{InternalFieldPrefix}{member.GetCompileName(Options)}");
         } else {
           return SimpleLvalue(w => {
             obj(w);
@@ -2750,18 +2748,24 @@ protected override void EmitIndexCollectionSelect(Expression source, Expression
 
     protected override void EmitIndexCollectionUpdate(Expression source, Expression index, Expression value,
         CollectionType resultCollectionType, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (resultCollectionType is SeqType or MapType) {
+      if (resultCollectionType is SeqType) {
         wr.Write(TypeHelperName(resultCollectionType, wr, source.tok) + ".Update");
         wr.Append(ParensList(
           Expr(source, inLetExprBody, wStmts),
           Expr(index, inLetExprBody, wStmts),
           CoercedExpr(value, resultCollectionType.ValueArg, inLetExprBody, wStmts)));
+      } else if (resultCollectionType is MapType resultMapType) {
+        wr.Write(TypeHelperName(resultCollectionType, wr, source.tok) + ".Update");
+        wr.Append(ParensList(
+          Expr(source, inLetExprBody, wStmts),
+          CoercedExpr(index, resultMapType.Domain, inLetExprBody, wStmts),
+          CoercedExpr(value, resultMapType.Range, inLetExprBody, wStmts)));
       } else {
         TrParenExpr(source, wr, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
         wr.Write(".Update");
         wr.Append(ParensList(
-          Expr(index, inLetExprBody, wStmts),
-          CoercedExpr(value, resultCollectionType.ValueArg, inLetExprBody, wStmts)));
+          CoercedExpr(index, resultCollectionType.ValueArg, inLetExprBody, wStmts),
+          Expr(value, inLetExprBody, wStmts)));
       }
     }
 
@@ -2892,12 +2896,14 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree ToFatPointer(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitDowncast(Type from, Type to, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       from = from.NormalizeExpand();
       to = to.NormalizeExpand();
-      Contract.Assert(Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraits) != CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraitsOptions.Legacy || from.IsRefType == to.IsRefType);
+      Contract.Assert(Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraits) != CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraitsOptions.Legacy ||
+                      from.IsRefType == to.IsRefType ||
+                      (from.IsTypeParameter && to.IsTraitType));
 
       var w = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
       if (from.IsTraitType && to.AsNewtype != null) {
         wr.Format($"(({to.AsNewtype.GetFullCompileName(Options)})({w}))");
-      } else if (to.IsRefType || to.IsTraitType || from.IsTraitType) {
+      } else if (to.IsRefType || to.IsTraitType || from.IsTraitType || to.IsTypeParameter) {
         wr.Format($"(({TypeName(to, wr, tok)})({w}))");
       } else {
         Contract.Assert(Type.SameHead(from, to));
@@ -2958,7 +2964,8 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitBetaRedex(List<string> boundVars, List
       return result;
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex, DatatypeCtor ctor, List<Type> typeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex,
+      DatatypeCtor ctor, Func<List<Type>> getTypeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, ctor.EnclosingDatatype, out var coreDtor)) {
         Contract.Assert(coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals.Count == 1);
         Contract.Assert(dtor == coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals[0]); // any other destructor is a ghost
@@ -3041,7 +3048,7 @@ static bool IsDirectlyComparable(Type t) {
     }
 
     protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
-      Expression e0, Expression e1, IToken tok, Type resultType,
+      Type e0Type, Type e1Type, IToken tok, Type resultType,
       out string opString,
       out string preOpString,
       out string postOpString,
@@ -3065,7 +3072,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
 
       switch (op) {
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.EqCommon: {
-            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0.Type);
+            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0Type);
             if (eqType.IsRefType) {
               // Dafny's type rules are slightly different C#, so we may need a cast here.
               // For example, Dafny allows x==y if x:array<T> and y:array<int> and T is some
@@ -3079,7 +3086,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
             break;
           }
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NeqCommon: {
-            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0.Type);
+            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0Type);
             if (eqType.IsRefType) {
               // Dafny's type rules are slightly different C#, so we may need a cast here.
               // For example, Dafny allows x==y if x:array<T> and y:array<int> and T is some
@@ -3170,14 +3177,14 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
 
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.ProperSubset:
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.ProperMultiSubset:
-          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0.Type, errorWr, tok, e1.Type) + ".IsProperSubsetOf"; break;
+          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0Type, errorWr, tok, e1Type) + ".IsProperSubsetOf"; break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Subset:
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSubset:
-          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0.Type, errorWr, tok, e1.Type) + ".IsSubsetOf"; break;
+          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0Type, errorWr, tok, e1Type) + ".IsSubsetOf"; break;
 
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Disjoint:
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSetDisjoint:
-          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0.Type, errorWr, tok, e1.Type) + ".IsDisjointFrom"; break;
+          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0Type, errorWr, tok, e1Type) + ".IsDisjointFrom"; break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InSet:
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InMultiSet:
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InMap:
@@ -3200,14 +3207,14 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           staticCallString = TypeHelperName(resultType, errorWr, tok) + ".Subtract"; break;
 
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.ProperPrefix:
-          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0.Type, errorWr, e0.tok) + ".IsProperPrefixOf"; break;
+          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0Type, errorWr, e0Type.tok) + ".IsProperPrefixOf"; break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Prefix:
-          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0.Type, errorWr, e0.tok) + ".IsPrefixOf"; break;
+          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0Type, errorWr, e0Type.tok) + ".IsPrefixOf"; break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Concat:
-          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0.Type, errorWr, e0.tok) + ".Concat"; break;
+          staticCallString = TypeHelperName(e0Type, errorWr, e0Type.tok) + ".Concat"; break;
 
         default:
-          base.CompileBinOp(op, e0, e1, tok, resultType,
+          base.CompileBinOp(op, e0Type, e1Type, tok, resultType,
             out opString, out preOpString, out postOpString, out callString, out staticCallString, out reverseArguments, out truncateResult, out convertE1_to_int, out coerceE1,
             errorWr);
           break;
@@ -3422,15 +3429,16 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitMapBuilder_Add(MapType mt, IToken tok,
       return termLeftWriter;
     }
 
-    protected override string GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmt) {
       if (ct is SetType) {
         var typeName = TypeName(ct.Arg, wr, tok);
-        return string.Format($"{DafnySetClass}<{typeName}>.FromCollection({collName})");
+        wr.Write(string.Format($"{DafnySetClass}<{typeName}>.FromCollection({collName})"));
       } else if (ct is MapType) {
         var mt = (MapType)ct;
         var domtypeName = TypeName(mt.Domain, wr, tok);
         var rantypeName = TypeName(mt.Range, wr, tok);
-        return $"{DafnyMapClass}<{domtypeName},{rantypeName}>.FromCollection({collName})";
+        wr.Write($"{DafnyMapClass}<{domtypeName},{rantypeName}>.FromCollection({collName})");
       } else {
         Contract.Assume(false);  // unexpected collection type
         throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // please compiler
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpSynthesizer.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpSynthesizer.cs
index e7722552800..29e1e840a53 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpSynthesizer.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CSharp/CsharpSynthesizer.cs
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
-using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree SynthesizeMethod(Method method,
       o => codeGenerator.idGenerator.FreshId(o.CompileName + "Return"));
     foreach (var (obj, returnName) in objectToReturnName) {
       parameterString = Regex.Replace(parameterString,
-        $"(^|[^a-zA-Z0-9_]){obj.CompileName}([^a-zA-Z0-9_]|$)",
+        $"(^|[^a-zA-Z0-9_]){obj.GetOrCreateCompileName(codeGenerator.currentIdGenerator)}([^a-zA-Z0-9_]|$)",
         "$1" + returnName + "$2");
     }
     wr.FormatLine($"{keywords}{returnType} {codeGenerator.PublicIdProtect(method.GetCompileName(Options))}{typeParameters}({parameterString}) {{");
@@ -111,7 +110,7 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree SynthesizeMethod(Method method,
         wr.FormatLine($"var {mockName} = new Mock<{typeName}>();");
         wr.FormatLine($"{mockName}.CallBase = true;");
       }
-      wr.FormatLine($"var {obj.CompileName} = {mockName}.Object;");
+      wr.FormatLine($"var {obj.GetOrCreateCompileName(method.CodeGenIdGenerator)} = {mockName}.Object;");
     }
 
     // Stub methods and fields according to the Dafny post-conditions:
@@ -245,7 +244,7 @@ private void SynthesizeExpression(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, BinaryExpr binaryExpr,
       var typeName = codeGenerator.TypeName(arg.Type, wr, arg.tok);
       var bound = GetBound(arg);
       if (bound != null) {
-        wr.Format($"{typeName} {bound.Item1.CompileName}");
+        wr.Format($"{typeName} {bound.Item1.GetOrCreateCompileName(codeGenerator.currentIdGenerator)}");
       } else {
         // if the argument is not a bound variable, it is irrelevant to the
         // expression in the lambda
@@ -275,7 +274,7 @@ private void SynthesizeExpression(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ForallExpr forallExpr,
       var boundVar = forallExpr.BoundVars[i];
       var varType = codeGenerator.TypeName(boundVar.Type, wr, boundVar.tok);
       bounds[boundVar] = $"It.Is<{varType}>(x => {matcherName}.Match(x))";
-      declarations.Add($"var {boundVar.CompileName} = ({varType}) {tmpId}[{i}];");
+      declarations.Add($"var {boundVar.GetOrCreateCompileName(codeGenerator.currentIdGenerator)} = ({varType}) {tmpId}[{i}];");
     }
 
     wr.WriteLine($"var {matcherName} = new Dafny.MultiMatcher({declarations.Count}, {tmpId} => {{");
@@ -341,8 +340,7 @@ public bool Match(object argument) {
         return result;
       }
     }";
-    var memberDeclaration = SyntaxFactory.ParseMemberDeclaration(multiMatcher);
-    dafnyNamespace.WriteLine(memberDeclaration.ToFullString());
+    dafnyNamespace.WriteLine(multiMatcher);
   }
 
   internal static void EmitImports(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CodeGeneratorTypeExtensions.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CodeGeneratorTypeExtensions.cs
index e72ebd608c2..1fae5747c3e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CodeGeneratorTypeExtensions.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/CodeGeneratorTypeExtensions.cs
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@ public static class CompilerTypeExtensions {
   /// </summary>
   public static Type GetRuntimeType(this Type typ) {
     while (typ.AsNewtype is { NativeType: null } newtypeDecl) {
-      var subst = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(newtypeDecl.TypeArgs, typ.TypeArgs);
-      typ = newtypeDecl.BaseType.Subst(subst);
+      typ = newtypeDecl.ConcreteBaseType(typ.TypeArgs);
     }
     return typ.NormalizeExpand();
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Cplusplus/CppBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Cplusplus/CppBackend.cs
index 6d906f5ee88..095412d24e2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Cplusplus/CppBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Cplusplus/CppBackend.cs
@@ -52,11 +52,13 @@ public override async Task<bool> RunTargetProgram(string dafnyProgramName, strin
   }
 
   public override Command GetCommand() {
-    return new Command(TargetId, $@"Translate Dafny sources to {TargetName} source and build files.
+    var cmd = base.GetCommand();
+    cmd.Description = $@"Translate Dafny sources to {TargetName} source and build files.
 
 This back-end has various limitations (see Docs/Compilation/Cpp.md).
 This includes lack of support for BigIntegers (aka int), most higher order functions,
-and advanced features like traits or co-inductive types.");
+and advanced features like traits or co-inductive types.";
+    return cmd;
   }
 
   public override IReadOnlySet<string> SupportedExtensions => new HashSet<string> { ".h" };
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Cplusplus/CppCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Cplusplus/CppCodeGenerator.cs
index 4daa13de548..8c333c37386 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Cplusplus/CppCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Cplusplus/CppCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateStaticMain(IClassWriter cw, string a
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition externModule,
-      string libraryName /*?*/, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      string libraryName /*?*/, Attributes moduleAttributes, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       var s = $"namespace {IdProtect(moduleName)} ";
       string footer = "// end of " + s + " declarations";
       this.modDeclWr = this.modDeclsWr.NewBlock(s, footer);
@@ -558,12 +558,12 @@ protected override IClassWriter DeclareDatatype(DatatypeDecl dt, ConcreteSyntaxT
                   for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
                     var ctor_i = dtor.EnclosingCtors[i];
                     var ctor_name = DatatypeSubStructName(ctor_i);
-                    Contract.Assert(arg.CompileName == dtor.CorrespondingFormals[i].CompileName);
+                    Contract.Assert(arg.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator) == dtor.CorrespondingFormals[i].GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator));
                     wDtor.WriteLine("if (is_{0}()) {{ return std::get<{0}{1}>(v).{2}; }}",
                       ctor_name, InstantiateTemplate(dt.TypeArgs), IdName(arg));
                   }
 
-                  Contract.Assert(arg.CompileName == dtor.CorrespondingFormals[n - 1].CompileName);
+                  Contract.Assert(arg.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator) == dtor.CorrespondingFormals[n - 1].GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator));
                   var final_ctor_name = DatatypeSubStructName(dtor.EnclosingCtors[n - 1], true);
                   wDtor.WriteLine("return std::get<{0}>(v).{1}; ",
                     final_ctor_name, IdName(arg));
@@ -923,7 +923,7 @@ protected string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok, MemberDe
         return "bool";
       } else if (xType is CharType) {
         return "char";
-      } else if (xType is IntType || xType is BigOrdinalType) {
+      } else if (xType is IntType or BigOrdinalType) {
         UnsupportedFeatureError(tok, Feature.UnboundedIntegers);
         return "BigNumber";
       } else if (xType is RealType) {
@@ -933,11 +933,11 @@ protected string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok, MemberDe
         var t = (BitvectorType)xType;
         return t.NativeType != null ? GetNativeTypeName(t.NativeType) : "BigNumber";
       } else if (xType.AsNewtype != null) {
-        NativeType nativeType = xType.AsNewtype.NativeType;
-        if (nativeType != null) {
+        var newtypeDecl = xType.AsNewtype;
+        if (newtypeDecl.NativeType is { } nativeType) {
           return GetNativeTypeName(nativeType);
         }
-        return TypeName(xType.AsNewtype.BaseType, wr, tok);
+        return TypeName(newtypeDecl.ConcreteBaseType(xType.TypeArgs), wr, tok, member);
       } else if (xType.IsObjectQ) {
         return "object";
       } else if (xType.IsArrayType) {
@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
         } else if (td.NativeType != null) {
           return "0";
         } else {
-          return TypeInitializationValue(td.BaseType, wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
+          return TypeInitializationValue(td.ConcreteBaseType(udt.TypeArgs), wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
         }
       } else if (cl is SubsetTypeDecl) {
         var td = (SubsetTypeDecl)cl;
@@ -1956,7 +1956,8 @@ protected override void EmitConstructorCheck(string source, DatatypeCtor ctor, C
       wr.Write("is_{1}({0})", source, DatatypeSubStructName(ctor));
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex, DatatypeCtor ctor, List<Type> typeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex,
+      DatatypeCtor ctor, Func<List<Type>> getTypeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (ctor.EnclosingDatatype is TupleTypeDecl) {
         wr.Write("(");
         source(wr);
@@ -2042,7 +2043,7 @@ bool IsDirectlyComparable(Type t) {
     }
 
     protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
-      Expression e0, Expression e1, IToken tok, Type resultType,
+      Type e0Type, Type e1Type, IToken tok, Type resultType,
       out string opString,
       out string preOpString,
       out string postOpString,
@@ -2096,9 +2097,9 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           break;
 
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.EqCommon: {
-            if (IsDirectlyComparable(e0.Type)) {
+            if (IsDirectlyComparable(e0Type)) {
               opString = "==";
-            } else if (e0.Type.IsRefType) {
+            } else if (e0Type.IsRefType) {
               opString = "==";
             } else {
               //staticCallString = "==";
@@ -2107,9 +2108,9 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
             break;
           }
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NeqCommon: {
-            if (IsDirectlyComparable(e0.Type)) {
+            if (IsDirectlyComparable(e0Type)) {
               opString = "!=";
-            } else if (e0.Type.IsRefType) {
+            } else if (e0Type.IsRefType) {
               opString = "!=";
             } else {
               opString = "!=";
@@ -2147,7 +2148,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.RightShift:
           if (AsNativeType(resultType) != null) {
             opString = ">>";
-            if (AsNativeType(e1.Type) == null) {
+            if (AsNativeType(e1Type) == null) {
               postOpString = ".Uint64()";
             }
           } else {
@@ -2455,9 +2456,10 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitMapBuilder_Add(MapType mt, IToken tok,
       throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(tok, Feature.MapComprehensions);
     }
 
-    protected override string GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmt) {
       // collections are built in place
-      return collName;
+      wr.Write(collName);
     }
 
     protected override void EmitSingleValueGenerator(Expression e, bool inLetExprBody, string type,
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/AST.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/AST.dfy
index 32721b9e081..a4998f529f4 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/AST.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/AST.dfy
@@ -1,123 +1,334 @@
+module {:extern "DAST.Format"} DAST.Format
+  /* Cues about how to format different AST elements if necessary,
+     e.g. to generate idiomatic code when needed. */
+{
+  // Dafny AST compilation tenets:
+  // - The Compiled Dafny AST should be minimal
+  // - The generated code should look idiomatic and close to the original Dafny file if possible
+  // Since the two might conflict, the second one is taken care of by adding formatting information
+
+  datatype UnaryOpFormat =
+    | NoFormat
+    | CombineFormat
+  datatype BinaryOpFormat =
+    | NoFormat
+    | ImpliesFormat
+    | EquivalenceFormat
+    | ReverseFormat
+
+  function SeqToHeight<T>(s: seq<T>, f: T --> nat): (r: nat)
+    requires forall t <- s :: f.requires(t)
+    ensures forall t <- s :: f(t) <= r
+  {
+    if |s| == 0 then 0 else
+    var i := f(s[0]);
+    var j := SeqToHeight(s[1..], f);
+    if i < j then j else i
+  }
+}
+
 module {:extern "DAST"} DAST {
   import opened Std.Wrappers
+  import Std
+
+  // Prevents Dafny names to being direclty integrated into Rust without explicit conversion
+  // Make it a newtype once newtypes are compatible with standard library
+  // See issue https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/5345
+  datatype Name = Name(dafny_name: string)
 
-  datatype Module = Module(name: string, isExtern: bool, body: seq<ModuleItem>)
+  // A special Dafny name wrapper for variable names.
+  // For example, the identifier 'None' needs to be escaped in Rust, but not as a constructor.
+  datatype VarName = VarName(dafny_name: string)
+
+  datatype Module = Module(name: Name, attributes: seq<Attribute>, requiresExterns: bool, body: Option<seq<ModuleItem>>)
 
   datatype ModuleItem =
     | Module(Module)
     | Class(Class)
     | Trait(Trait)
     | Newtype(Newtype)
+    | SynonymType(SynonymType)
     | Datatype(Datatype)
+  {
+    function name(): Name {
+      match this {
+        case Module(m) => m.name
+        case Class(m) => m.name
+        case Trait(m) => m.name
+        case Newtype(m) => m.name
+        case SynonymType(m) => m.name
+        case Datatype(m) => m.name
+      }
+    }
+    function attributes(): seq<Attribute> {
+      match this {
+        case Module(m) => m.attributes
+        case Class(m) => m.attributes
+        case Trait(m) => m.attributes
+        case Newtype(m) => m.attributes
+        case SynonymType(m) => m.attributes
+        case Datatype(m) => m.attributes
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
   datatype Type =
-    Path(seq<Ident>, typeArgs: seq<Type>, resolved: ResolvedType) |
-    Nullable(Type) |
+    UserDefined(resolved: ResolvedType) |
     Tuple(seq<Type>) |
     Array(element: Type, dims: nat) |
     Seq(element: Type) |
     Set(element: Type) |
     Multiset(element: Type) |
     Map(key: Type, value: Type) |
+    SetBuilder(element: Type) |
+    MapBuilder(key: Type, value: Type) |
     Arrow(args: seq<Type>, result: Type) |
     Primitive(Primitive) | Passthrough(string) |
-    TypeArg(Ident)
+    TypeArg(Ident) | Object()
+  {
+    function Replace(mapping: map<Type, Type>): Type {
+      if this in mapping then mapping[this] else
+      match this {
+        case UserDefined(resolved: ResolvedType) =>
+          Type.UserDefined(resolved.Replace(mapping))
+        case Tuple(arguments) =>
+          Type.Tuple(Std.Collections.Seq.Map(
+                       t requires t in arguments => t.Replace(mapping), arguments))
+        case Array(element, dims) =>
+          Type.Array(element.Replace(mapping), dims)
+        case Seq(element) =>
+          Type.Seq(element.Replace(mapping))
+        case Set(element) =>
+          Type.Set(element.Replace(mapping))
+        case Multiset(element) =>
+          Type.Multiset(element.Replace(mapping))
+        case Map(key, value) =>
+          Type.Map(key.Replace(mapping), value.Replace(mapping))
+        case SetBuilder(element) =>
+          Type.SetBuilder(element.Replace(mapping))
+        case MapBuilder(key, value) =>
+          Type.MapBuilder(key.Replace(mapping), value.Replace(mapping))
+        case Arrow(args: seq<Type>, result: Type) =>
+          Type.Arrow(Std.Collections.Seq.Map(
+                       t requires t in args => t.Replace(mapping), args), result.Replace(mapping))
+        case Primitive(_) | Passthrough(_) | Object() | TypeArg(_) =>
+          this
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  datatype Variance =
+    | Nonvariant
+    | Covariant
+    | Contravariant
+
+  datatype TypeArgDecl = TypeArgDecl(name: Ident, bounds: seq<TypeArgBound>, variance: Variance)
+
+  datatype TypeArgBound =
+    | SupportsEquality
+    | SupportsDefault
 
   datatype Primitive = Int | Real | String | Bool | Char
 
-  datatype ResolvedType = Datatype(path: seq<Ident>) | Trait(path: seq<Ident>) | Newtype(Type)
+  datatype NewtypeRange =
+    | U8 | I8 | U16 | I16 | U32 | I32 | U64 | I64 | U128 | I128 | BigInt
+    | NoRange
+
+  datatype Attribute = Attribute(name: string, args: seq<string>)
 
-  datatype Ident = Ident(id: string)
+  datatype DatatypeType = DatatypeType()
 
-  datatype Class = Class(name: string, enclosingModule: Ident, typeParams: seq<Type>, superClasses: seq<Type>, fields: seq<Field>, body: seq<ClassItem>)
+  datatype TraitType = TraitType()
 
-  datatype Trait = Trait(name: string, typeParams: seq<Type>, body: seq<ClassItem>)
+  datatype NewtypeType = NewtypeType(baseType: Type, range: NewtypeRange, erase: bool)
 
-  datatype Datatype = Datatype(name: string, enclosingModule: Ident, typeParams: seq<Type>, ctors: seq<DatatypeCtor>, body: seq<ClassItem>, isCo: bool)
+  datatype ResolvedTypeBase =
+    | Class()
+    | Datatype(variances: seq<Variance>)
+    | Trait()
+    | Newtype(baseType: Type, range: NewtypeRange, erase: bool)
 
-  datatype DatatypeCtor = DatatypeCtor(name: string, args: seq<Formal>, hasAnyArgs: bool /* includes ghost */)
+  datatype ResolvedType = ResolvedType(
+    path: seq<Ident>,
+    typeArgs: seq<Type>,
+    kind: ResolvedTypeBase,
+    attributes: seq<Attribute>,
+    properMethods: seq<Name>,
+    extendedTypes: seq<Type>) {
+    function Replace(mapping: map<Type, Type>): ResolvedType {
+      ResolvedType(
+        path,
+        Std.Collections.Seq.Map(
+          t requires t in typeArgs => t.Replace(mapping), typeArgs),
+        match kind {
+          case Newtype(baseType, range, erase) =>
+            ResolvedTypeBase.Newtype(baseType.Replace(mapping), range, erase)
+          case _ => kind
+        },
+        attributes,
+        properMethods,
+        Std.Collections.Seq.Map(
+          t requires t in extendedTypes => t.Replace(mapping), extendedTypes)
+      )
+    }
+  }
 
-  datatype Newtype = Newtype(name: string, typeParams: seq<Type>, base: Type, witnessStmts: seq<Statement>, witnessExpr: Option<Expression>)
+  datatype Ident = Ident(id: Name)
+
+  datatype Class = Class(name: Name, enclosingModule: Ident, typeParams: seq<TypeArgDecl>, superClasses: seq<Type>, fields: seq<Field>, body: seq<ClassItem>, attributes: seq<Attribute>)
+
+  datatype Trait = Trait(name: Name, typeParams: seq<TypeArgDecl>, parents: seq<Type>, body: seq<ClassItem>, attributes: seq<Attribute>)
+
+  datatype Datatype = Datatype(name: Name, enclosingModule: Ident, typeParams: seq<TypeArgDecl>, ctors: seq<DatatypeCtor>, body: seq<ClassItem>, isCo: bool, attributes: seq<Attribute>)
+
+  datatype DatatypeDtor = DatatypeDtor(formal: Formal, callName: Option<string>)
+
+  datatype DatatypeCtor = DatatypeCtor(name: Name, args: seq<DatatypeDtor>, hasAnyArgs: bool /* includes ghost */)
+
+  datatype Newtype =
+    Newtype(
+      name: Name, typeParams: seq<TypeArgDecl>, base: Type,
+      range: NewtypeRange, constraint: Option<NewtypeConstraint>,
+      witnessStmts: seq<Statement>, witnessExpr: Option<Expression>, attributes: seq<Attribute>)
+
+  datatype NewtypeConstraint = NewtypeConstraint(variable: Formal, constraintStmts: seq<Statement>)
+
+  // At this point, constraints have been entirely removed,
+  // but synonym types might have different witnesses to use for by the compiler
+  datatype SynonymType = SynonymType(name: Name, typeParams: seq<TypeArgDecl>, base: Type, witnessStmts: seq<Statement>, witnessExpr: Option<Expression>, attributes: seq<Attribute>)
 
   datatype ClassItem = Method(Method)
 
   datatype Field = Field(formal: Formal, defaultValue: Option<Expression>)
 
-  datatype Formal = Formal(name: string, typ: Type)
+  datatype Formal = Formal(name: VarName, typ: Type, attributes: seq<Attribute>)
+
+  datatype Method = Method(
+    attributes: seq<Attribute>,
+    isStatic: bool,
+    hasBody: bool,
+    outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign: bool, // For constructors
+    wasFunction: bool, // To choose between "&self" and "&mut self"
+    overridingPath: Option<seq<Ident>>,
+    name: Name,
+    typeParams: seq<TypeArgDecl>,
+    params: seq<Formal>,
+    body: seq<Statement>,
+    outTypes: seq<Type>,
+    outVars: Option<seq<VarName>>)
+
+  datatype CallSignature = CallSignature(parameters: seq<Formal>)
 
-  datatype Method = Method(isStatic: bool, hasBody: bool, overridingPath: Option<seq<Ident>>, name: string, typeParams: seq<Type>, params: seq<Formal>, body: seq<Statement>, outTypes: seq<Type>, outVars: Option<seq<Ident>>)
+  datatype CallName =
+    CallName(name: Name, onType: Option<Type>, receiverArg: Option<Formal>, receiverAsArgument: bool, signature: CallSignature) |
+    MapBuilderAdd | MapBuilderBuild | SetBuilderAdd | SetBuilderBuild
 
   datatype Statement =
-    DeclareVar(name: string, typ: Type, maybeValue: Option<Expression>) |
+    DeclareVar(name: VarName, typ: Type, maybeValue: Option<Expression>) |
     Assign(lhs: AssignLhs, value: Expression) |
     If(cond: Expression, thn: seq<Statement>, els: seq<Statement>) |
     Labeled(lbl: string, body: seq<Statement>) |
     While(cond: Expression, body: seq<Statement>) |
-    Foreach(boundName: string, boundType: Type, over: Expression, body: seq<Statement>) |
-    Call(on: Expression, name: string, typeArgs: seq<Type>, args: seq<Expression>, outs: Option<seq<Ident>>) |
+    Foreach(boundName: VarName, boundType: Type, over: Expression, body: seq<Statement>) |
+    Call(on: Expression, callName: CallName, typeArgs: seq<Type>, args: seq<Expression>, outs: Option<seq<VarName>>) |
     Return(expr: Expression) |
     EarlyReturn() |
     Break(toLabel: Option<string>) |
     TailRecursive(body: seq<Statement>) |
     JumpTailCallStart() |
     Halt() |
-    Print(Expression)
+    Print(Expression) |
+    ConstructorNewSeparator(fields: seq<Formal>)
+  {
+  }
 
   datatype AssignLhs =
-    Ident(Ident) |
-    Select(expr: Expression, field: string) |
+    Ident(ident: VarName) |
+    Select(expr: Expression, field: VarName) |
     Index(expr: Expression, indices: seq<Expression>)
 
   datatype CollKind = Seq | Array | Map
 
   datatype BinOp =
-    Eq(referential: bool, nullable: bool) |
-    Neq(referential: bool, nullable: bool) |
+    Eq(referential: bool) |
     Div() | EuclidianDiv() |
     Mod() | EuclidianMod() |
-    Implies() | // TODO: REplace by Not Or
+    Lt() | // a <= b is !(b < a)
+    LtChar() |
+    Plus() | Minus() | Times() |
+    BitwiseAnd() | BitwiseOr() | BitwiseXor() |
+    BitwiseShiftRight() | BitwiseShiftLeft() |
+    And() | Or() |
     In() |
-    NotIn() | // TODO: Replace by Not In
-    SetDifference() |
+    SeqProperPrefix() | SeqPrefix() |
+    SetMerge() | SetSubtraction() | SetIntersection() |
+    Subset() | ProperSubset() | SetDisjoint() |
+    MapMerge() | MapSubtraction() |
+    MultisetMerge() | MultisetSubtraction() | MultisetIntersection() |
+    Submultiset() | ProperSubmultiset() | MultisetDisjoint() |
     Concat() |
     Passthrough(string)
 
   datatype Expression =
     Literal(Literal) |
-    Ident(string) |
-    Companion(seq<Ident>) |
+    Ident(name: VarName) |
+    Companion(seq<Ident>, typeArgs: seq<Type>) |
+    ExternCompanion(seq<Ident>) |
     Tuple(seq<Expression>) |
     New(path: seq<Ident>, typeArgs: seq<Type>, args: seq<Expression>) |
-    NewArray(dims: seq<Expression>, typ: Type) |
-    DatatypeValue(path: seq<Ident>, typeArgs: seq<Type>, variant: string, isCo: bool, contents: seq<(string, Expression)>) |
+    NewUninitArray(dims: seq<Expression>, typ: Type) |
+    ArrayIndexToInt(value: Expression) |
+    FinalizeNewArray(value: Expression, typ: Type) |
+    DatatypeValue(datatypeType: ResolvedType, typeArgs: seq<Type>, variant: Name, isCo: bool, contents: seq<(VarName, Expression)>) |
     Convert(value: Expression, from: Type, typ: Type) |
     SeqConstruct(length: Expression, elem: Expression) |
     SeqValue(elements: seq<Expression>, typ: Type) |
     SetValue(elements: seq<Expression>) |
+    MultisetValue(elements: seq<Expression>) |
     MapValue(mapElems: seq<(Expression, Expression)>) |
+    MapBuilder(keyType: Type, valueType: Type) |
+    SeqUpdate(expr: Expression, indexExpr: Expression, value: Expression) |
+    MapUpdate(expr: Expression, indexExpr: Expression, value: Expression) |
+    SetBuilder(elemType: Type) |
+    ToMultiset(Expression) |
     This() |
     Ite(cond: Expression, thn: Expression, els: Expression) |
-    UnOp(unOp: UnaryOp, expr: Expression) |
-    BinOp(op: BinOp, left: Expression, right: Expression) |
-    ArrayLen(expr: Expression, dim: nat) |
-    Select(expr: Expression, field: string, isConstant: bool, onDatatype: bool) |
-    SelectFn(expr: Expression, field: string, onDatatype: bool, isStatic: bool, arity: nat) |
+    UnOp(unOp: UnaryOp, expr: Expression, format1: Format.UnaryOpFormat) |
+    BinOp(op: BinOp, left: Expression, right: Expression, format2: Format.BinaryOpFormat) |
+    ArrayLen(expr: Expression, exprType: Type, dim: nat, native: bool) |
+    MapKeys(expr: Expression) |
+    MapValues(expr: Expression) |
+    MapItems(expr: Expression) |
+    Select(expr: Expression, field: VarName, isConstant: bool, onDatatype: bool, fieldType: Type) |
+    SelectFn(expr: Expression, field: VarName, onDatatype: bool, isStatic: bool, isConstant: bool, arguments: seq<Type>) |
     Index(expr: Expression, collKind: CollKind, indices: seq<Expression>) |
     IndexRange(expr: Expression, isArray: bool, low: Option<Expression>, high: Option<Expression>) |
-    TupleSelect(expr: Expression, index: nat) |
-    Call(on: Expression, name: Ident, typeArgs: seq<Type>, args: seq<Expression>) |
+    TupleSelect(expr: Expression, index: nat, fieldType: Type) |
+    Call(on: Expression, callName: CallName, typeArgs: seq<Type>, args: seq<Expression>) |
     Lambda(params: seq<Formal>, retType: Type, body: seq<Statement>) |
     BetaRedex(values: seq<(Formal, Expression)>, retType: Type, expr: Expression) |
-    IIFE(name: Ident, typ: Type, value: Expression, iifeBody: Expression) |
+    IIFE(ident: VarName, typ: Type, value: Expression, iifeBody: Expression) |
     Apply(expr: Expression, args: seq<Expression>) |
-    TypeTest(on: Expression, dType: seq<Ident>, variant: string) |
+    TypeTest(on: Expression, dType: seq<Ident>, variant: Name) |
+    Is(expr: Expression, fromType: Type, toType: Type) |
     InitializationValue(typ: Type) |
     BoolBoundedPool() |
     SetBoundedPool(of: Expression) |
+    MapBoundedPool(of: Expression) |
     SeqBoundedPool(of: Expression, includeDuplicates: bool) |
-    IntRange(lo: Expression, hi: Expression)
+    ExactBoundedPool(of: Expression) |
+    IntRange(elemType: Type, lo: Expression, hi: Expression, up: bool) |
+    UnboundedIntRange(start: Expression, up: bool) |
+    Quantifier(elemType: Type, collection: Expression, is_forall: bool, lambda: Expression)
 
   datatype UnaryOp = Not | BitwiseNot | Cardinality
 
-  datatype Literal = BoolLiteral(bool) | IntLiteral(string, Type) | DecLiteral(string, string, Type) | StringLiteral(string) | CharLiteral(char) | Null(Type)
+  datatype Literal =
+    | BoolLiteral(bool)
+    | IntLiteral(string, Type)
+    | DecLiteral(string, string, Type)
+    | StringLiteral(string, verbatim: bool)
+    | CharLiteral(char)
+    | CharLiteralUTF16(nat)
+    | Null(Type)
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/ASTBuilder.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/ASTBuilder.cs
index 6d8330abe7a..51eec419470 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/ASTBuilder.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/ASTBuilder.cs
@@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Numerics;
 using Dafny;
 using DAST;
+using DAST.Format;
+using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 using Std.Wrappers;
+using Attribute = DAST.Attribute;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers {
 
+  interface Container {
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why);
+  }
+
   class ProgramBuilder : ModuleContainer {
     readonly List<Module> items = new();
 
@@ -18,26 +26,38 @@ public void AddModule(Module item) {
     public List<Module> Finish() {
       return items;
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      items.Add(ModuleContainer.UnsupportedToModule(why));
+    }
   }
 
-  interface ModuleContainer {
+  interface ModuleContainer : Container {
     void AddModule(Module item);
 
-    public ModuleBuilder Module(string name, bool isExtern) {
-      return new ModuleBuilder(this, name, isExtern);
+    public ModuleBuilder Module(string name, Sequence<Attribute> attributes, bool requiresExterns) {
+      return new ModuleBuilder(this, name, attributes, requiresExterns);
+    }
+
+    static public Module UnsupportedToModule(string why) {
+      return new Module(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(why), Sequence<Attribute>.FromElements((Attribute)Attribute.create_Attribute(
+          Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(why), Sequence<Sequence<Rune>>.Empty)), false,
+        Std.Wrappers.Option<Sequence<ModuleItem>>.create_None());
     }
   }
 
-  class ModuleBuilder : ClassContainer, TraitContainer, NewtypeContainer, DatatypeContainer {
+  class ModuleBuilder : ClassContainer, TraitContainer, NewtypeContainer, DatatypeContainer, SynonymTypeContainer {
     readonly ModuleContainer parent;
     readonly string name;
-    readonly bool isExtern;
+    readonly Sequence<Attribute> attributes;
     readonly List<ModuleItem> body = new();
+    private readonly bool requiresExterns;
 
-    public ModuleBuilder(ModuleContainer parent, string name, bool isExtern) {
+    public ModuleBuilder(ModuleContainer parent, string name, Sequence<Attribute> attributes, bool requiresExterns) {
       this.parent = parent;
       this.name = name;
-      this.isExtern = isExtern;
+      this.attributes = attributes;
+      this.requiresExterns = requiresExterns;
     }
 
     public void AddModule(Module item) {
@@ -63,36 +83,50 @@ public void AddDatatype(Datatype item) {
     public object Finish() {
       parent.AddModule((Module)Module.create(
         Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(this.name),
-        this.isExtern,
-        Sequence<ModuleItem>.FromArray(body.ToArray())
+        attributes,
+        requiresExterns,
+        Std.Wrappers.Option<Sequence<ModuleItem>>.create_Some((Sequence<ModuleItem>)Sequence<ModuleItem>.FromArray(body.ToArray()))
       ));
+
       return parent;
     }
+
+    public void AddSynonymType(SynonymType item) {
+      body.Add((ModuleItem)ModuleItem.create_SynonymType(item));
+    }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      body.Add((ModuleItem)ModuleItem.create_Module(ModuleContainer.UnsupportedToModule(why)));
+    }
   }
 
-  interface ClassContainer {
+  interface ClassContainer : Container {
     void AddClass(Class item);
 
-    public ClassBuilder Class(string name, string enclosingModule, List<DAST.Type> typeParams, List<DAST.Type> superClasses) {
-      return new ClassBuilder(this, name, enclosingModule, typeParams, superClasses);
+    public ClassBuilder Class(string name, string enclosingModule, List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams, List<DAST.Type> superClasses, ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new ClassBuilder(this, name, enclosingModule, typeParams, superClasses, attributes);
     }
   }
 
+
+
   class ClassBuilder : ClassLike {
     readonly ClassContainer parent;
     readonly string name;
     readonly string enclosingModule;
-    readonly List<DAST.Type> typeParams;
+    readonly List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams;
     readonly List<DAST.Type> superClasses;
     readonly List<DAST.Field> fields = new();
     readonly List<DAST.Method> body = new();
+    readonly ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes;
 
-    public ClassBuilder(ClassContainer parent, string name, string enclosingModule, List<DAST.Type> typeParams, List<DAST.Type> superClasses) {
+    public ClassBuilder(ClassContainer parent, string name, string enclosingModule, List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams, List<DAST.Type> superClasses, ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes) {
       this.parent = parent;
       this.name = name;
       this.enclosingModule = enclosingModule;
       this.typeParams = typeParams;
       this.superClasses = superClasses;
+      this.attributes = attributes;
     }
 
     public void AddMethod(DAST.Method item) {
@@ -107,33 +141,38 @@ public object Finish() {
       parent.AddClass((Class)Class.create(
         Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(this.name),
         Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(this.enclosingModule),
-        Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(this.typeParams.ToArray()),
+        Sequence<DAST.TypeArgDecl>.FromArray(this.typeParams.ToArray()),
         Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(this.superClasses.ToArray()),
         Sequence<DAST.Field>.FromArray(this.fields.ToArray()),
-        Sequence<DAST.Method>.FromArray(body.ToArray())
+        Sequence<DAST.Method>.FromArray(body.ToArray()),
+        attributes
       ));
       return parent;
     }
   }
 
-  interface TraitContainer {
+  interface TraitContainer : Container {
     void AddTrait(Trait item);
 
-    public TraitBuilder Trait(string name, List<DAST.Type> typeParams) {
-      return new TraitBuilder(this, name, typeParams);
+    public TraitBuilder Trait(string name, List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams, List<DAST.Type> parents, ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new TraitBuilder(this, name, typeParams, parents, attributes);
     }
   }
 
   class TraitBuilder : ClassLike {
     readonly TraitContainer parent;
     readonly string name;
-    readonly List<DAST.Type> typeParams;
+    readonly List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams;
+    private readonly List<DAST.Type> parents;
     readonly List<DAST.Method> body = new();
+    private ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes;
 
-    public TraitBuilder(TraitContainer parent, string name, List<DAST.Type> typeParams) {
+    public TraitBuilder(TraitContainer parent, string name, List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams, List<DAST.Type> parents, ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes) {
       this.parent = parent;
       this.name = name;
       this.typeParams = typeParams;
+      this.attributes = attributes;
+      this.parents = parents;
     }
 
     public void AddMethod(DAST.Method item) {
@@ -155,36 +194,49 @@ public void AddField(DAST.Formal item, _IOption<DAST._IExpression> defaultValue)
     public object Finish() {
       parent.AddTrait((Trait)Trait.create(
         Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(this.name),
-        Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(typeParams.ToArray()),
-        Sequence<DAST.Method>.FromArray(body.ToArray()))
+        Sequence<DAST.TypeArgDecl>.FromArray(typeParams.ToArray()),
+        Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(parents.ToArray()),
+        Sequence<DAST.Method>.FromArray(body.ToArray()),
+        attributes)
       );
       return parent;
     }
   }
 
-  interface NewtypeContainer {
+  interface NewtypeContainer : Container {
     void AddNewtype(Newtype item);
 
-    public NewtypeBuilder Newtype(string name, List<DAST.Type> typeParams, DAST.Type baseType, List<DAST.Statement> witnessStmts, DAST.Expression witness) {
-      return new NewtypeBuilder(this, name, typeParams, baseType, witnessStmts, witness);
+    public NewtypeBuilder Newtype(string name, List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams,
+      DAST.Type baseType, NewtypeRange newtypeRange, Option<DAST.NewtypeConstraint> constraint, List<DAST.Statement> witnessStmts, DAST.Expression witness,
+      ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new NewtypeBuilder(this, name, typeParams, newtypeRange, baseType, constraint, witnessStmts, witness, attributes);
     }
   }
 
   class NewtypeBuilder : ClassLike {
     readonly NewtypeContainer parent;
     readonly string name;
-    readonly List<DAST.Type> typeParams;
+    readonly List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams;
     readonly DAST.Type baseType;
+    private readonly Option<DAST.NewtypeConstraint> constraint;
+    private readonly DAST.NewtypeRange newtypeRange;
     readonly List<DAST.Statement> witnessStmts;
     readonly DAST.Expression witness;
+    private ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes;
 
-    public NewtypeBuilder(NewtypeContainer parent, string name, List<DAST.Type> typeParams, DAST.Type baseType, List<DAST.Statement> statements, DAST.Expression witness) {
+    public NewtypeBuilder(NewtypeContainer parent, string name, List<TypeArgDecl> typeParams,
+      NewtypeRange newtypeRange, DAST.Type baseType, Option<DAST.NewtypeConstraint> constraint, List<DAST.Statement> statements,
+      DAST.Expression witness,
+      ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes) {
       this.parent = parent;
       this.name = name;
       this.typeParams = typeParams;
+      this.newtypeRange = newtypeRange;
       this.baseType = baseType;
+      this.constraint = constraint;
       this.witnessStmts = statements;
       this.witness = witness;
+      this.attributes = attributes;
     }
 
     public void AddMethod(DAST.Method item) {
@@ -198,20 +250,72 @@ public void AddField(DAST.Formal item, _IOption<DAST._IExpression> defaultValue)
     public object Finish() {
       parent.AddNewtype((Newtype)Newtype.create(
         Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(this.name),
-        Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(this.typeParams.ToArray()),
+        Sequence<DAST.TypeArgDecl>.FromArray(this.typeParams.ToArray()),
         this.baseType,
+        newtypeRange,
+        constraint,
+        Sequence<DAST.Statement>.FromArray(this.witnessStmts.ToArray()),
+        this.witness == null
+          ? Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_None()
+          : Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(this.witness),
+        attributes
+      ));
+      return parent;
+    }
+  }
+
+  interface SynonymTypeContainer : Container {
+    void AddSynonymType(SynonymType item);
+
+    public SynonymTypeBuilder SynonymType(string name, List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams,
+      DAST.Type rhsType, List<DAST.Statement> witnessStmts, DAST.Expression witness,
+      ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new SynonymTypeBuilder(this, name, typeParams, rhsType, witnessStmts, witness, attributes);
+    }
+  }
+
+  class SynonymTypeBuilder {
+    readonly SynonymTypeContainer parent;
+    readonly string name;
+    readonly List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams;
+    readonly DAST.Type rhsType;
+    readonly List<DAST.Statement> witnessStmts;
+    readonly DAST.Expression witness;
+    private ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes;
+
+    public SynonymTypeBuilder(SynonymTypeContainer parent, string name, List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams,
+      DAST.Type rhsType, List<DAST.Statement> statements, DAST.Expression witness,
+      ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes) {
+      this.parent = parent;
+      this.name = name;
+      this.typeParams = typeParams;
+      this.rhsType = rhsType;
+      this.witnessStmts = statements;
+      this.witness = witness;
+      this.attributes = attributes;
+    }
+
+    public object Finish() {
+      parent.AddSynonymType((SynonymType)SynonymType.create(
+        Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(this.name),
+        Sequence<DAST.TypeArgDecl>.FromArray(this.typeParams.ToArray()),
+        this.rhsType,
         Sequence<DAST.Statement>.FromArray(this.witnessStmts.ToArray()),
-        this.witness == null ? Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_None() : Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(this.witness)
+        this.witness == null
+          ? Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_None()
+          : Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(this.witness),
+        attributes
       ));
       return parent;
     }
   }
 
-  interface DatatypeContainer {
+  interface DatatypeContainer : Container {
     void AddDatatype(Datatype item);
 
-    public DatatypeBuilder Datatype(string name, string enclosingModule, List<DAST.Type> typeParams, List<DAST.DatatypeCtor> ctors, bool isCo) {
-      return new DatatypeBuilder(this, name, enclosingModule, typeParams, ctors, isCo);
+    public DatatypeBuilder Datatype(string name, string enclosingModule, List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams,
+      List<DAST.DatatypeCtor> ctors, bool isCo, ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new DatatypeBuilder(this, name, enclosingModule, typeParams, ctors, isCo, attributes);
     }
   }
 
@@ -219,18 +323,20 @@ class DatatypeBuilder : ClassLike {
     readonly DatatypeContainer parent;
     readonly string name;
     readonly string enclosingModule;
-    readonly List<DAST.Type> typeParams;
+    readonly List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams;
     readonly List<DAST.DatatypeCtor> ctors;
     readonly bool isCo;
     readonly List<DAST.Method> body = new();
+    private ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes;
 
-    public DatatypeBuilder(DatatypeContainer parent, string name, string enclosingModule, List<DAST.Type> typeParams, List<DAST.DatatypeCtor> ctors, bool isCo) {
+    public DatatypeBuilder(DatatypeContainer parent, string name, string enclosingModule, List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams, List<DAST.DatatypeCtor> ctors, bool isCo, ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes) {
       this.parent = parent;
       this.name = name;
       this.typeParams = typeParams;
       this.enclosingModule = enclosingModule;
       this.ctors = ctors;
       this.isCo = isCo;
+      this.attributes = attributes;
     }
 
     public void AddMethod(DAST.Method item) {
@@ -245,10 +351,10 @@ public object Finish() {
       parent.AddDatatype((Datatype)Datatype.create(
         Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(this.name),
         Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(this.enclosingModule),
-        Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(typeParams.ToArray()),
+        Sequence<DAST.TypeArgDecl>.FromArray(typeParams.ToArray()),
         Sequence<DAST.DatatypeCtor>.FromArray(ctors.ToArray()),
         Sequence<DAST.Method>.FromArray(body.ToArray()),
-        this.isCo
+        this.isCo, attributes
       ));
       return parent;
     }
@@ -259,15 +365,14 @@ interface ClassLike {
 
     void AddField(DAST.Formal item, _IOption<DAST._IExpression> defaultValue);
 
-    public MethodBuilder Method(
-      bool isStatic, bool hasBody,
+    public MethodBuilder Method(bool isStatic, bool hasBody, bool outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign, bool wasFunction,
       ISequence<ISequence<Rune>> overridingPath,
+      ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes,
       string name,
-      List<DAST.Type> typeArgs,
-      List<DAST.Formal> params_,
-      List<DAST.Type> outTypes, List<ISequence<Rune>> outVars
-    ) {
-      return new MethodBuilder(this, isStatic, hasBody, overridingPath, name, typeArgs, params_, outTypes, outVars);
+      List<TypeArgDecl> typeArgs,
+      Sequence<DAST.Formal> params_,
+      List<DAST.Type> outTypes, List<ISequence<Rune>> outVars) {
+      return new MethodBuilder(this, isStatic, hasBody, outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign, wasFunction, overridingPath, attributes, name, typeArgs, params_, outTypes, outVars);
     }
 
     public object Finish();
@@ -278,26 +383,33 @@ class MethodBuilder : StatementContainer {
     readonly string name;
     readonly bool isStatic;
     readonly bool hasBody;
+    readonly bool outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign;
+    readonly bool wasFunction;
     readonly ISequence<ISequence<Rune>> overridingPath;
-    readonly List<DAST.Type> typeArgs;
-    readonly List<DAST.Formal> params_;
+    readonly List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeArgs;
+    readonly Sequence<DAST.Formal> params_;
     readonly List<DAST.Type> outTypes;
     readonly List<ISequence<Rune>> outVars;
     readonly List<object> body = new();
+    private ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes;
 
     public MethodBuilder(
       ClassLike parent,
-      bool isStatic, bool hasBody,
+      bool isStatic, bool hasBody, bool outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign, bool wasFunction,
       ISequence<ISequence<Rune>> overridingPath,
+      ISequence<_IAttribute> attributes,
       string name,
-      List<DAST.Type> typeArgs,
-      List<DAST.Formal> params_,
+      List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeArgs,
+      Sequence<DAST.Formal> params_,
       List<DAST.Type> outTypes, List<ISequence<Rune>> outVars
     ) {
       this.parent = parent;
       this.isStatic = isStatic;
       this.hasBody = hasBody;
+      this.outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign = outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign;
+      this.wasFunction = wasFunction;
       this.overridingPath = overridingPath;
+      this.attributes = attributes;
       this.name = name;
       this.typeArgs = typeArgs;
       this.params_ = params_;
@@ -324,24 +436,35 @@ public DAST.Method Build() {
       StatementContainer.RecursivelyBuild(body, builtStatements);
 
       return (DAST.Method)DAST.Method.create(
+        attributes,
         isStatic,
         hasBody,
+        outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign,
+        wasFunction,
         overridingPath != null ? Option<ISequence<ISequence<Rune>>>.create_Some(overridingPath) : Option<ISequence<ISequence<Rune>>>.create_None(),
         Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(this.name),
-        Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(typeArgs.ToArray()),
-        Sequence<DAST.Formal>.FromArray(params_.ToArray()),
+        Sequence<DAST.TypeArgDecl>.FromArray(typeArgs.ToArray()),
+        params_,
         Sequence<DAST.Statement>.FromArray(builtStatements.ToArray()),
         Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(outTypes.ToArray()),
         outVars != null ? Option<ISequence<ISequence<Rune>>>.create_Some(Sequence<ISequence<Rune>>.FromArray(outVars.ToArray())) : Option<ISequence<ISequence<Rune>>>.create_None()
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddStatement(StatementContainer.UnsupportedToStatement(why));
+    }
   }
 
-  interface StatementContainer {
+  interface StatementContainer : Container {
     void AddStatement(DAST.Statement item);
 
     void AddBuildable(BuildableStatement item);
 
+    public static DAST.Statement UnsupportedToStatement(string why) {
+      return (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_Print(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
+
     List<object> ForkList();
 
     public StatementContainer Fork() {
@@ -402,8 +525,8 @@ public TailRecursiveBuilder TailRecursive() {
       return ret;
     }
 
-    public CallStmtBuilder Call() {
-      var ret = new CallStmtBuilder();
+    public CallStmtBuilder Call(ISequence<_IFormal> signature) {
+      var ret = new CallStmtBuilder(signature);
       AddBuildable(ret);
       return ret;
     }
@@ -445,6 +568,10 @@ public List<object> ForkList() {
       list.Add(ret);
       return ret;
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddStatement(StatementContainer.UnsupportedToStatement(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class DeclareBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableStatement {
@@ -475,13 +602,18 @@ public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr value) {
 
     public DAST.Statement Build() {
       if (this.value == null) {
-        return (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_DeclareVar(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name), type, Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_None());
+        return (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_DeclareVar(
+          Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name), type, Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_None());
       } else {
         var builtValue = new List<DAST.Expression>();
         ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { value }, builtValue);
         return (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_DeclareVar(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name), type, Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(builtValue[0]));
       }
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(Compilers.ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class AssignBuilder : LhsContainer, ExprContainer, BuildableStatement {
@@ -519,18 +651,23 @@ public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr value) {
         this.value = value;
       }
     }
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(Compilers.ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
 
     public DAST.Statement Build() {
+
+      var builtLhs = LhsContainer.Build(lhs);
+      DAST.Expression rhs;
       if (this.value == null) {
-        throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot assign null value to variable: " + lhs);
+        rhs = ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr("<i>Cannot assign null value to variable</i>: " + lhs);
       } else {
         var builtValue = new List<DAST.Expression>();
         ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { value }, builtValue);
-
-        var builtLhs = LhsContainer.Build(lhs);
-
-        return (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_Assign(builtLhs, builtValue[0]);
+        rhs = builtValue[0];
       }
+
+      return (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_Assign(builtLhs, rhs);
     }
   }
 
@@ -591,7 +728,9 @@ public ElseBuilder Else() {
 
     public DAST.Statement Build() {
       List<DAST.Expression> builtCondition = new();
-      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { condition }, builtCondition);
+      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> {
+        condition ?? ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr("<i>condition to if expression</i>")
+      }, builtCondition);
 
       List<DAST.Statement> builtIfStatements = new();
       StatementContainer.RecursivelyBuild(ifBody, builtIfStatements);
@@ -605,6 +744,10 @@ public DAST.Statement Build() {
         Sequence<DAST.Statement>.FromArray(builtElseStatements.ToArray())
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      condition = ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why);
+    }
   }
 
   class ElseBuilder : StatementContainer {
@@ -625,6 +768,10 @@ public void AddStatement(DAST.Statement item) {
     public void AddBuildable(BuildableStatement item) {
       parent.AddElseBuildable(item);
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddStatement(StatementContainer.UnsupportedToStatement(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class WhileBuilder : ExprContainer, StatementContainer, BuildableStatement {
@@ -673,6 +820,10 @@ public DAST.Statement Build() {
         Sequence<DAST.Statement>.FromArray(builtStatements.ToArray())
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddStatement(StatementContainer.UnsupportedToStatement(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class ForeachBuilder : ExprContainer, StatementContainer, BuildableStatement {
@@ -718,7 +869,9 @@ public List<object> ForkList() {
 
     public DAST.Statement Build() {
       List<DAST.Expression> builtOver = new();
-      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { over }, builtOver);
+      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> {
+        over ?? ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr("<i>Foreach over is null</i>")
+      }, builtOver);
 
       List<DAST.Statement> builtStatements = new();
       StatementContainer.RecursivelyBuild(body, builtStatements);
@@ -730,6 +883,10 @@ public DAST.Statement Build() {
         Sequence<DAST.Statement>.FromArray(builtStatements.ToArray())
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddStatement(StatementContainer.UnsupportedToStatement(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class TailRecursiveBuilder : StatementContainer, BuildableStatement {
@@ -759,18 +916,25 @@ public DAST.Statement Build() {
         Sequence<DAST.Statement>.FromArray(builtStatements.ToArray())
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddStatement(StatementContainer.UnsupportedToStatement(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class CallStmtBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableStatement {
     object on = null;
-    string name = null;
+    DAST.CallName name = null;
     List<DAST.Type> typeArgs = null;
     readonly List<object> args = new();
     List<ISequence<Rune>> outs = null;
+    public readonly ISequence<_IFormal> Signature;
 
-    public CallStmtBuilder() { }
+    public CallStmtBuilder(ISequence<_IFormal> signature) {
+      this.Signature = signature;
+    }
 
-    public void SetName(string name) {
+    public void SetName(CallName name) {
       if (this.name != null) {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       } else {
@@ -819,12 +983,16 @@ public DAST.Statement Build() {
 
       return (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_Call(
         builtOn[0],
-        Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name),
+        name,
         Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(typeArgs.ToArray()),
         Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(builtArgs.ToArray()),
         outs == null ? Option<ISequence<ISequence<Rune>>>.create_None() : Option<ISequence<ISequence<Rune>>>.create_Some(Sequence<ISequence<Rune>>.FromArray(outs.ToArray()))
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class ReturnBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableStatement {
@@ -850,10 +1018,17 @@ public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr value) {
 
     public DAST.Statement Build() {
       var builtValue = new List<DAST.Expression>();
+      if (value == null) {
+        return (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_EarlyReturn();
+      }
       ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { value }, builtValue);
 
       return (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_Return(builtValue[0]);
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      value = ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why);
+    }
   }
 
   class LabeledBuilder : BuildableStatement, StatementContainer {
@@ -891,6 +1066,28 @@ public DAST.Statement Build() {
         Sequence<DAST.Statement>.FromArray(builtStatements.ToArray())
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddStatement(StatementContainer.UnsupportedToStatement(why));
+    }
+  }
+
+  class NoStatementBuffer : StatementContainer {
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      throw new Exception(why);
+    }
+
+    public void AddStatement(DAST.Statement item) {
+      throw new Exception("<i>Add statements in pure expressions</i>, in a context where statements can't be added, tried to add " + item);
+    }
+
+    public void AddBuildable(BuildableStatement item) {
+      throw new Exception("<i>Add buildable statements in pure expressions</i>, in a context where statements can't be added, tried to add " + item);
+    }
+
+    public List<object> ForkList() {
+      throw new Exception("<i>Fork statements in pure expressions</i>, in a context where statements can't be added");
+    }
   }
 
   class StatementBuffer : StatementContainer {
@@ -916,9 +1113,62 @@ public List<object> ForkList() {
 
       return builtResult;
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddStatement(StatementContainer.UnsupportedToStatement(why));
+    }
   }
 
-  class ExprBuffer : ExprContainer {
+  class ExprWrapper : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
+    public Func<DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression> InternalWrapper;
+    [CanBeNull] public object Expr;
+
+    public ExprWrapper(Func<DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression> internalWrapper = null) {
+      this.InternalWrapper = internalWrapper;
+    }
+
+    public void AddExpr(DAST.Expression item) {
+      if (Expr == null) {
+        Expr = item;
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException("AddExpr already had an object");
+      }
+    }
+
+    public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr item) {
+      if (Expr == null) {
+        Expr = item;
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException("AddExpr already had an object");
+      }
+    }
+
+    public DAST.Expression Finish() {
+      if (Expr == null) {
+        return ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr("Expected exactly one expression for ExprWrapper, got none");
+      } else if (Expr is BuildableExpr b) {
+        return b.Build();
+      } else if (Expr is DAST.Expression e) {
+        return e;
+      } else {
+        return ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr("Expected exactly one expression for ExprWrapper, got " + Expr);
+      }
+    }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
+
+    public DAST.Expression Build() {
+      if (InternalWrapper == null) {
+        return Finish();
+      } else {
+        return InternalWrapper(Finish());
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  class ExprBuffer : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
     Stack<object> exprs = new();
     public readonly object parent;
 
@@ -956,27 +1206,47 @@ public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr item) {
 
     public DAST.Expression Finish() {
       if (exprs.Count != 1) {
-        throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.RunAllTests); // Warning: this is an invalid operation
-        //throw new InvalidOperationException("Expected exactly one expression in buffer, got " + exprs.Comma(e => e.ToString()));
+        return ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr("Expected exactly one expression in buffer, got " +
+                                               exprs.Comma(e => e.ToString()));
       } else {
         return PopN(1)[0];
       }
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
+
+    public DAST.Expression Build() {
+      return Finish();
+    }
   }
 
-  interface ExprContainer {
+  interface ExprContainer : Container {
     void AddExpr(DAST.Expression item);
 
     void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr item);
 
+    ExprWrapper Wrapper(Func<DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression> wrapper) {
+      var ret = new ExprWrapper(wrapper);
+      AddBuildable(ret);
+      return ret;
+    }
+
     BinOpBuilder BinOp(DAST.BinOp op) {
       var ret = new BinOpBuilder(op);
       AddBuildable(ret);
       return ret;
     }
 
-    CallExprBuilder Call() {
-      var ret = new CallExprBuilder();
+    BinOpBuilder BinOp(string op, Func<DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression> callback) {
+      var ret = new BinOpBuilder(op, callback);
+      AddBuildable(ret);
+      return ret;
+    }
+
+    CallExprBuilder Call(ISequence<_IFormal> signature) {
+      var ret = new CallExprBuilder(signature);
       AddBuildable(ret);
       return ret;
     }
@@ -1024,13 +1294,23 @@ protected static void RecursivelyBuild(List<object> body, List<DAST.Expression>
         } else if (maybeBuilt is BuildableExpr buildable) {
           builtExprs.Add(buildable.Build());
         } else {
-          throw new InvalidOperationException("Unknown buildable type: " + maybeBuilt.GetType());
+          throw new InvalidOperationException(
+            "Unknown buildable type: " +
+            (maybeBuilt == null ? "NULL" :
+             maybeBuilt.GetType())
+            );
         }
       }
     }
+
+    static DAST.Expression UnsupportedToExpr(string why) {
+      return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Ident(
+        Sequence<ISequence<Rune>>.UnicodeFromString($"<i>Unsupported: {why}</i>")
+      );
+    }
   }
 
-  interface LhsContainer {
+  interface LhsContainer : Container {
     void AddLhs(DAST.AssignLhs lhs);
 
     void AddBuildable(BuildableLhs lhs);
@@ -1090,6 +1370,10 @@ public DAST.AssignLhs Build() {
 
       return (DAST.AssignLhs)DAST.AssignLhs.create_Index(builtArrayExpr[0], Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(indices.ToArray()));
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      arrayExpr = ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why);
+    }
   }
 
   interface BuildableExpr {
@@ -1097,11 +1381,19 @@ interface BuildableExpr {
   }
 
   class BinOpBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
-    readonly DAST.BinOp op;
+    private readonly Func<DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression> internalBuilder;
     readonly List<object> operands = new();
+    private readonly string op;
 
     public BinOpBuilder(DAST.BinOp op) {
+      this.internalBuilder = (DAST.Expression left, DAST.Expression right) =>
+        (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_BinOp(op, left, right, new BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat());
+      this.op = op.ToString();
+    }
+
+    public BinOpBuilder(string op, Func<DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression> callback) {
       this.op = op;
+      internalBuilder = callback;
     }
 
     public void AddExpr(DAST.Expression item) {
@@ -1113,26 +1405,37 @@ public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr item) {
     }
 
     public DAST.Expression Build() {
+      var builtOperands = new List<DAST.Expression>();
+      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(operands, builtOperands);
+
       if (operands.Count != 2) {
-        throw new InvalidOperationException("Expected exactly two operands, got " + operands.Comma(o => o.ToString()));
+        builtOperands.Insert(0, ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(op + " with not 2 elements"));
+        return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_SetValue(
+          Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromElements(builtOperands.ToArray()));
       }
 
-      var builtOperands = new List<DAST.Expression>();
-      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(operands, builtOperands);
-      return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_BinOp(op, builtOperands[0], builtOperands[1]);
+      return internalBuilder(builtOperands[0], builtOperands[1]);
+    }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
     }
   }
 
   class CallExprBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
     object on = null;
-    string name = null;
+    DAST.CallName name = null;
     List<DAST.Type> typeArgs = null;
     readonly List<object> args = new();
     List<ISequence<Rune>> outs = null;
 
-    public CallExprBuilder() { }
+    public ISequence<_IFormal> Signature { get; }
+
+    public CallExprBuilder(ISequence<_IFormal> signature) {
+      Signature = signature;
+    }
 
-    public void SetName(string name) {
+    public void SetName(DAST.CallName name) {
       if (this.name != null) {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       } else {
@@ -1181,11 +1484,15 @@ public DAST.Expression Build() {
 
       return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Call(
         builtOn[0],
-        Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name),
+        name,
         Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray((typeArgs ?? new()).ToArray()),
         Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(builtArgs.ToArray())
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class ApplyExprBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
@@ -1222,6 +1529,10 @@ public DAST.Expression Build() {
         Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(builtArgs.ToArray())
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class LambdaExprBuilder : StatementContainer, BuildableExpr {
@@ -1258,6 +1569,10 @@ public DAST.Expression Build() {
         Sequence<DAST.Statement>.FromArray(builtBody.ToArray())
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddStatement(StatementContainer.UnsupportedToStatement(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class IIFEExprBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
@@ -1294,10 +1609,12 @@ public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr item) {
 
     public DAST.Expression Build() {
       var builtBody = new List<DAST.Expression>();
-      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { body }, builtBody);
+      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { body ?? ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr("IIFEExprBuilder with empty body") }, builtBody);
 
       var builtValue = new List<DAST.Expression>();
-      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { value }, builtValue);
+      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { value
+       ?? ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr("IIFEExprBuilder with empty value")
+       }, builtValue);
 
       return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_IIFE(
         Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name),
@@ -1306,6 +1623,10 @@ public DAST.Expression Build() {
         builtBody[0]
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class IIFEExprRhs : ExprContainer {
@@ -1330,6 +1651,10 @@ public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr item) {
         parent.value = item;
       }
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class BetaRedexBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
@@ -1360,6 +1685,10 @@ public DAST.Expression Build() {
         builtBody[0]
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class ConvertBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
@@ -1390,14 +1719,24 @@ public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr item) {
 
     public DAST.Expression Build() {
       var builtValue = new List<DAST.Expression>();
-      ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { value }, builtValue);
+      DAST.Expression v;
+      if (value == null) {
+        v = ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr($"Conversion from {fromType} to {toType} of something missing");
+      } else {
+        ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { value }, builtValue);
+        v = builtValue[0];
+      }
 
       return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Convert(
-        builtValue[0],
+        v,
         fromType,
         toType
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
   }
 
   class IndexBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
@@ -1436,6 +1775,125 @@ public DAST.Expression Build() {
         Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(indices.ToArray())
       );
     }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
   }
 
+  class NativeRangeBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
+    [CanBeNull] readonly string start;
+    [CanBeNull] object bound;
+
+    public NativeRangeBuilder(string start = null) {
+      this.start = start;
+      bound = null;
+    }
+
+    public void AddExpr(DAST.Expression item) {
+      if (bound != null) {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      } else {
+        bound = item;
+      }
+    }
+
+    public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr item) {
+      if (bound != null) {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      } else {
+        bound = item;
+      }
+    }
+
+    public static DAST.Expression ToNativeU64(int number) {
+      var origType = DAST.Type.create_Primitive(DAST.Primitive.create_Int());
+      var numberExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Literal(
+        DAST.Literal.create_IntLiteral(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString($"{number}"),
+          origType)
+      );
+      return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Convert(numberExpr, origType, DAST.Type.create_UserDefined(
+        DAST.ResolvedType.create_ResolvedType(
+        Sequence<Sequence<Rune>>.FromElements((Sequence<Rune>)Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u64")),
+        Sequence<_IType>.Empty,
+        DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Newtype(origType, DAST.NewtypeRange.create_U64(), true), Sequence<_IAttribute>.Empty,
+        Sequence<Sequence<Rune>>.Empty, Sequence<_IType>.Empty)
+      ));
+    }
+
+    public DAST.Expression Build() {
+      var builtValue = new List<DAST.Expression>();
+      DAST.Expression endExpr;
+      if (bound == null) {
+        endExpr = ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr($"NativeRangeBuilder has no upper bound");
+      } else {
+        ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { bound }, builtValue);
+        endExpr = builtValue[0];
+      }
+
+      DAST.Expression startExpr;
+      if (start == null) {
+        startExpr = ToNativeU64(0);
+      } else {
+        startExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Ident(
+          Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(start));
+      }
+
+      return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_IntRange(
+        DAST.Type.create_Primitive(DAST.Primitive.create_Int()),
+        startExpr, endExpr, true);
+    }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
+  }
+
+  class ArrayLengthBuilder : ExprContainer, BuildableExpr {
+    private readonly DAST.Type arrayType;
+    private readonly int dim;
+    private object array;
+    private readonly bool native;
+
+    public ArrayLengthBuilder(DAST.Type arrayType, int dim, bool native) {
+      this.arrayType = arrayType;
+      this.dim = dim;
+      this.native = native;
+      array = null;
+    }
+
+    public void AddExpr(DAST.Expression item) {
+      if (array != null) {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      } else {
+        array = item;
+      }
+    }
+
+    public void AddBuildable(BuildableExpr item) {
+      if (array != null) {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      } else {
+        array = item;
+      }
+    }
+
+    public DAST.Expression Build() {
+      var builtValue = new List<DAST.Expression>();
+      DAST.Expression arrayExpr;
+      if (array == null) {
+        arrayExpr = ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr($"ArrayLengthBuilder has no array");
+      } else {
+        ExprContainer.RecursivelyBuild(new List<object> { array }, builtValue);
+        arrayExpr = builtValue[0];
+      }
+
+      return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_ArrayLen(
+        arrayExpr, arrayType, new BigInteger(dim), native);
+    }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      AddExpr(ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(why));
+    }
+  }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/BuilderSyntaxTree.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/BuilderSyntaxTree.cs
index 8cb941f8752..40913275d2b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/BuilderSyntaxTree.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/BuilderSyntaxTree.cs
@@ -4,27 +4,35 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers {
 
   class BuilderSyntaxTree<T> : ConcreteSyntaxTree {
     public readonly T Builder;
+    public readonly DafnyCodeGenerator Compiler;
 
-    public BuilderSyntaxTree(T builder) {
+    public BuilderSyntaxTree(T builder, DafnyCodeGenerator compiler) {
       if (builder == null) {
         throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(builder));
       }
 
       Builder = builder;
+      Compiler = compiler;
     }
 
     public override ConcreteSyntaxTree Fork(int relativeIndent = 0) {
       if (Builder is StatementContainer statementContainer) {
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(statementContainer.Fork());
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(statementContainer.Fork(), Compiler);
       } else {
-        DafnyCodeGenerator.ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); // Warning: this is an invalid operation: cannot fork builder of type Builder.GetType()
-        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+        // Warning: this is an invalid operation: cannot fork builder of type Builder.GetType()
+        throw new InvalidOperationException("<i>Builder not StatementContainer</i> but " + Builder.GetType().ToString());
       }
     }
 
     public override ConcreteSyntaxTree ForkInParens() {
       // TODO(shadaj): perhaps should check if we are an expr container
-      return new BuilderSyntaxTree<T>(Builder);
+      return new BuilderSyntaxTree<T>(Builder, Compiler);
+    }
+
+    public override ConcreteSyntaxTree NewBlock(string header = "", string footer = "",
+      BlockStyle open = BlockStyle.SpaceBrace,
+      BlockStyle close = BlockStyle.NewlineBrace) {
+      return Fork();
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/DafnyCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/DafnyCodeGenerator.cs
index c205bd9eb76..9c5a9b9ddd9 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/DafnyCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Dafny/DafnyCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -7,13 +7,22 @@
 using Microsoft.BaseTypes;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using DAST.Format;
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
 using Std.Wrappers;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers {
 
   class DafnyCodeGenerator : SinglePassCodeGenerator {
+
     ProgramBuilder items;
     public object currentBuilder;
+    public bool emitUncompilableCode;
+    protected override string InternalFieldPrefix => internalFieldPrefix;
+    public string internalFieldPrefix;
+    public bool preventShadowing;
+
+    protected override bool ClassMethodsAllowedToCallTraitMethods => false;
 
     public void Start() {
       if (items != null) {
@@ -31,16 +40,34 @@ public List<Module> Build() {
       return res;
     }
 
-    public DafnyCodeGenerator(DafnyOptions options, ErrorReporter reporter) : base(options, reporter) {
-      options.SystemModuleTranslationMode = CommonOptionBag.SystemModuleMode.Include;
+    public DafnyCodeGenerator(DafnyOptions options, ErrorReporter reporter, string internalFieldPrefix, bool preventShadowing, bool canEmitUncompilableCode) : base(options, reporter) {
       if (Options?.CoverageLegendFile != null) {
         Imports.Add("DafnyProfiling");
       }
+
+      this.internalFieldPrefix = internalFieldPrefix;
+      emitUncompilableCode = options.Get(CommonOptionBag.EmitUncompilableCode) && canEmitUncompilableCode;
+      this.preventShadowing = preventShadowing;
     }
 
-    public static void ThrowGeneralUnsupported() {
-      // throw new InvalidOperationException(); // (useful for debugging)
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.RunAllTests);
+    protected override string GetCompileNameNotProtected(IVariable v) {
+      return preventShadowing ? v.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator) : v.CompileNameShadowable;
+    }
+
+    public void AddUnsupported(string why) {
+      if (emitUncompilableCode && currentBuilder is Container container) {
+        container.AddUnsupported(why);
+      } else {
+        throw new UnsupportedInvalidOperationException(why);
+      }
+    }
+
+    public void AddUnsupportedFeature(IToken token, Feature feature) {
+      if (emitUncompilableCode && currentBuilder is Container container) {
+        container.AddUnsupported("<i>" + feature.ToString() + "</i>");
+      } else {
+        throw new RecoverableUnsupportedFeatureException(token, feature);
+      }
     }
 
     public override IReadOnlySet<Feature> UnsupportedFeatures => new HashSet<Feature> {
@@ -54,7 +81,6 @@ public static void ThrowGeneralUnsupported() {
       Feature.NonSequentializableForallStatements,
       Feature.MapItems,
       Feature.RunAllTests,
-      Feature.ExactBoundedPool,
       Feature.SequenceDisplaysOfCharacters,
       Feature.TypeTests,
       Feature.SubsetTypeTests,
@@ -65,9 +91,12 @@ public static void ThrowGeneralUnsupported() {
       Feature.ExternalConstructors,
       Feature.SubtypeConstraintsInQuantifiers,
       Feature.TuplesWiderThan20,
+      Feature.ArraysWithMoreThan16Dims,
       Feature.ForLoops,
       Feature.Traits,
-      Feature.RuntimeCoverageReport
+      Feature.RuntimeCoverageReport,
+      Feature.MultiDimensionalArrays,
+      Feature.NonNativeNewtypes
     };
 
     private readonly List<string> Imports = new() { DafnyDefaultModule };
@@ -81,19 +110,38 @@ protected override void EmitHeader(Program program, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
     }
 
     public override void EmitCallToMain(Method mainMethod, string baseName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>Call to main</i>");
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateStaticMain(IClassWriter cw, string argsParameterName) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>create static main</i>");
+      return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(
+        new ExprBuffer(this), this);
+    }
+
+    private bool NeedsExternalImport(MemberDecl memberDecl) {
+      return !memberDecl.IsGhost && memberDecl.HasExternAttribute &&
+             memberDecl is Function { Body: null } or Method { Body: null };
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition externModule,
-      string libraryName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      string libraryName, Attributes moduleAttributes, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (currentBuilder is ModuleContainer moduleBuilder) {
-        currentBuilder = moduleBuilder.Module(moduleName, externModule != null);
+        var attributes = (Sequence<DAST.Attribute>)ParseAttributes(moduleAttributes);
+        if (externModule != null) {
+          attributes = (Sequence<DAST.Attribute>)ParseAttributes(externModule.Attributes);
+        }
+
+        var requiresExternImport = enclosingModule.TopLevelDecls.Any((TopLevelDecl decl) =>
+          (decl is DefaultClassDecl defaultClassDecl &&
+           GetIsExternAndIncluded(defaultClassDecl) is (_, included: false)
+           && defaultClassDecl.Members.Exists(NeedsExternalImport)
+           ) ||
+          (decl is ClassLikeDecl classLikeDecl &&
+           GetIsExternAndIncluded(classLikeDecl) is (classIsExtern: true, _)) ||
+          (decl is AbstractTypeDecl)
+        );
+        currentBuilder = moduleBuilder.Module(moduleName, attributes, requiresExternImport);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -118,117 +166,138 @@ private static string MangleName(string name) {
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitCoercionIfNecessary(Type from, Type to, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, Type toOrig = null) {
       if (currentBuilder is ExprBuffer buf && wr is not BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>) {
         // the writers are not currently wired properly for DatatypeValue
-        wr = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf);
+        wr = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf, this);
       }
 
-      if (from == to) {
+      if (from == null || to == null || from.Equals(to, false)) {
         return wr;
       }
 
-      if (from != null && to != null && from.IsNonNullRefType != to.IsNonNullRefType) {
-        if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> stmt) {
-          var nullConvert = stmt.Builder.Convert(GenType(from), GenType(to));
-
-          if (from is UserDefinedType fromUdt && fromUdt.ResolvedClass is NonNullTypeDecl fromNonNull) {
-            from = fromNonNull.RhsWithArgument(fromUdt.TypeArgs);
-          }
-
-          if (to is UserDefinedType toUdt && toUdt.ResolvedClass is NonNullTypeDecl toNonNull) {
-            to = toNonNull.RhsWithArgument(toUdt.TypeArgs);
-          }
-
-          return EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from, to, tok, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(nullConvert));
-        } else {
-          return base.EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from, to, tok, wr);
-        }
-      } else if (from != null && to != null && (from.AsSubsetType != null || to.AsSubsetType != null)) {
-        if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> stmt) {
-          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(stmt.Builder.Convert(GenType(from), GenType(to)));
-        } else {
-          return base.EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from, to, tok, wr);
-        }
+      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(builder.Builder.Convert(GenType(from), GenType(to)), this);
       } else {
-        if (from == null || to == null || from.Equals(to, true)) {
-          return wr;
-        } else {
-          ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-          throw new InvalidOperationException();
-        }
+        throw new UnsupportedInvalidOperationException("coercion not in the presence of an ExprContainer");
       }
     }
 
     protected override IClassWriter CreateClass(string moduleName, string name, bool isExtern, string fullPrintName,
       List<TypeParameter> typeParameters, TopLevelDecl cls, List<Type> superClasses, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (currentBuilder is ClassContainer builder) {
-        List<DAST.Type> typeParams = new();
-        foreach (var tp in typeParameters) {
-          if (!isTpSupported(tp)) {
-            ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Contravariance in type parameters");
-          }
+        List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams = typeParameters.Select(tp => GenTypeArgDecl(tp)).ToList();
 
-          typeParams.Add((DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_TypeArg(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(IdProtect(tp.GetCompileName(Options)))));
-        }
-
-        return new ClassWriter(this, typeParams.Count > 0, builder.Class(name, moduleName, typeParams, superClasses.Select(t => GenType(t)).ToList()));
+        return new ClassWriter(this, typeParams.Count > 0, builder.Class(
+          name, moduleName, typeParams, superClasses.Select(t => GenType(t)).ToList(),
+          ParseAttributes(cls.Attributes))
+          );
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
+    private Variance GenTypeVariance(TypeParameter tp) {
+      if (tp.Variance is TypeParameter.TPVariance.Co) {
+        return (Variance)Variance.create_Covariant();
+      }
+
+      if (tp.Variance is TypeParameter.TPVariance.Contra) {
+        AddUnsupported("Contravariance");
+      }
+      return (Variance)Variance.create_Nonvariant();
+    }
+
+    private static ISequence<_ITypeArgBound> GenTypeBounds(TypeParameter tp) {
+      var characteristics = new List<_ITypeArgBound>();
+      if (tp.Characteristics.AutoInit is Type.AutoInitInfo.CompilableValue) {
+        characteristics.Add(DAST.TypeArgBound.create_SupportsDefault());
+      }
+
+      if (tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport is TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.Required or TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired) {
+        characteristics.Add(DAST.TypeArgBound.create_SupportsEquality());
+      }
+
+      var bounds = Sequence<_ITypeArgBound>.FromArray(characteristics.ToArray());
+      return bounds;
+    }
+
+    protected TypeArgDecl GenTypeArgDecl(TypeParameter tp, string name = null) {
+      var bounds = GenTypeBounds(tp);
+
+      var variance = GenTypeVariance(tp);
+
+      name ??= tp.GetCompileName(Options);
+
+      return (DAST.TypeArgDecl)DAST.TypeArgDecl.create_TypeArgDecl(
+        Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name), bounds, variance);
+    }
+
     protected override IClassWriter CreateTrait(string name, bool isExtern, List<TypeParameter> typeParameters,
       TraitDecl trait, List<Type> superClasses, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.Traits);
-      // traits need a bit more work
 
-      // if (currentBuilder is TraitContainer builder) {
-      //   List<DAST.Type> typeParams = new();
-      //   foreach (var tp in trait.TypeArgs) {
-      //     typeParams.Add((DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_TypeArg(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(IdProtect(tp.GetCompileName(Options)))));
-      //   }
+      if (currentBuilder is TraitContainer builder) {
+        var typeParams = trait.TypeArgs.Select(tp => GenTypeArgDecl(tp)).ToList();
+        List<DAST.Type> parents = new();
+        if (trait.IsReferenceTypeDecl) {
+          parents.Add((DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_Object());
+        }
+        foreach (var pt in trait.ParentTraits) {
+          var genType = GenType(pt);
+
+          parents.Add(genType);
+        }
 
-      //   return new ClassWriter(this, builder.Trait(name, typeParams));
-      // } else {
-      //   throw new InvalidOperationException();
-      // }
+        return new ClassWriter(this, typeParameters.Any(), builder.Trait(name, typeParams, parents, ParseAttributes(trait.Attributes)));
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateIterator(IteratorDecl iter, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.Iterators);
+      AddUnsupportedFeature(iter.tok, Feature.Iterators);
+      return wr;
     }
 
-    private static bool isTpSupported(TypeParameter tp) {
-      return tp.Variance == TypeParameter.TPVariance.Non &&
-        tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport == TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.Unspecified;
+    private static bool isTpSupported(TypeParameter tp, [CanBeNull] out string why) {
+      if (tp.Variance == TypeParameter.TPVariance.Contra) {
+        why = $"<b>Unsupported: <i>Type variance {tp.Variance} not supported</i></b>";
+        return false;
+      }
+      why = null;
+      return true;
     }
 
     protected override IClassWriter DeclareDatatype(DatatypeDecl dt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (currentBuilder is DatatypeContainer builder) {
-        List<DAST.Type> typeParams = new();
+        List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams = new();
         foreach (var tp in dt.TypeArgs) {
-          if (!isTpSupported(tp) && !(dt is TupleTypeDecl)) {
-            ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Contravariance in type parameters");
-          }
-
-          typeParams.Add((DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_TypeArg(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(IdProtect(tp.GetCompileName(Options)))));
+          typeParams.Add(GenTypeArgDecl(tp));
         }
 
-        List<DAST.DatatypeCtor> ctors = new();
-        foreach (var ctor in dt.Ctors) {
-          List<DAST.Formal> args = new();
-          foreach (var arg in ctor.Formals) {
-            if (!arg.IsGhost) {
-              args.Add((DAST.Formal)DAST.Formal.create_Formal(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(arg.CompileName), GenType(arg.Type)));
-            }
-          }
-          ctors.Add((DAST.DatatypeCtor)DAST.DatatypeCtor.create_DatatypeCtor(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(ctor.GetCompileName(Options)), Sequence<DAST.Formal>.FromArray(args.ToArray()), ctor.Formals.Count > 0));
-        }
+        IEnumerable<DAST.DatatypeCtor> ctors =
+          from ctor in dt.Ctors
+          let allDtors =
+            from arg in ctor.Formals
+            where !arg.IsGhost
+            let formalName = Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(GetDestructorFormalName(arg))
+            let formalType = GenType(arg.Type)
+            let formalCallName = GetExtractOverrideName(arg.Attributes, null)
+            let dtorName =
+              formalCallName == null ? Option<Sequence<Rune>>.create_None() :
+              Option<Sequence<Rune>>.create_Some((Sequence<Rune>)Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(formalCallName))
+            let formalAttributes = ParseAttributes(arg.Attributes)
+            select (DAST.DatatypeDtor)DAST.DatatypeDtor.create_DatatypeDtor((DAST.Formal)DAST.Formal.create_Formal(
+              formalName, formalType, formalAttributes), dtorName)
+          let args = Sequence<DAST.DatatypeDtor>.FromArray(allDtors.ToArray<DatatypeDtor>())
+          select (DAST.DatatypeCtor)DAST.DatatypeCtor.create_DatatypeCtor(
+            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(ctor.GetCompileName(Options)),
+            args, ctor.Formals.Count > 0);
 
         return new ClassWriter(this, typeParams.Count > 0, builder.Datatype(
           dt.GetCompileName(Options),
           dt.EnclosingModuleDefinition.GetCompileName(Options),
           typeParams,
-          ctors,
-          dt is CoDatatypeDecl
+          ctors.ToList(),
+          dt is CoDatatypeDecl,
+          ParseAttributes(dt.Attributes)
         ));
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot declare datatype outside of a module: " + currentBuilder);
@@ -241,19 +310,40 @@ protected override IClassWriter DeclareNewtype(NewtypeDecl nt, ConcreteSyntaxTre
 
         List<DAST.Statement> witnessStmts = new();
         DAST.Expression witness = null;
+        var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
+        var statementBuf = new StatementBuffer();
         if (nt.WitnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled) {
-          var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          var statementBuf = new StatementBuffer();
           EmitExpr(
             nt.Witness, false,
-            EmitCoercionIfNecessary(nt.Witness.Type, erasedType, null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf)),
-            new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(statementBuf)
+            EmitCoercionIfNecessary(nt.Witness.Type, erasedType, null,
+              new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf, this)),
+            new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(statementBuf, this)
           );
           witness = buf.Finish();
           witnessStmts = statementBuf.PopAll();
         }
 
-        return new ClassWriter(this, false, builder.Newtype(nt.GetCompileName(Options), new(), GenType(erasedType), witnessStmts, witness));
+        Option<DAST.NewtypeConstraint> constraint;
+        if (((RedirectingTypeDecl)nt).ConstraintIsCompilable) {
+          // To check if something is compilable for a newtype, we need to convert the variable to the base type
+          var type = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(nt.tok, (TopLevelDecl)nt);
+          var sourceFormal = new Formal(nt.tok, "_source", type, true, false, null);
+          var statementBuffer = new StatementBuffer();
+          var wStmt = new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(statementBuffer, this);
+          GenerateIsMethodBody(nt, sourceFormal, wStmt);
+          constraint = (Option<DAST.NewtypeConstraint>)Option<DAST.NewtypeConstraint>.create_Some(
+            (DAST.NewtypeConstraint)DAST.NewtypeConstraint.create_NewtypeConstraint(
+              (DAST.Formal)DAST.Formal.create_Formal(
+                Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(IdProtect(sourceFormal.CompileNameShadowable)), GenType(type), ParseAttributes(null)),
+              Sequence<DAST.Statement>.FromArray(statementBuffer.PopAll().ToArray())));
+        } else {
+          constraint = (Option<DAST.NewtypeConstraint>)Option<DAST.NewtypeConstraint>.create_None();
+        }
+
+        return new ClassWriter(this, false, builder.Newtype(
+          nt.GetCompileName(Options), new(),
+          GenType(erasedType), NativeTypeToNewtypeRange(nt.NativeType),
+            constraint, witnessStmts, witness, ParseAttributes(nt.Attributes)));
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -282,15 +372,34 @@ private DAST.Type GenType(Type typ) {
 
         return FullTypeNameAST(udt, null);
       } else if (AsNativeType(typ) != null) {
-        return (DAST.Type)(AsNativeType(typ).Sel switch {
-          NativeType.Selection.Byte => DAST.Type.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u8")),
-          NativeType.Selection.SByte => DAST.Type.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i8")),
-          NativeType.Selection.Short => DAST.Type.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i16")),
-          NativeType.Selection.UShort => DAST.Type.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u16")),
-          NativeType.Selection.Int => DAST.Type.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i32")),
-          NativeType.Selection.UInt => DAST.Type.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u32")),
-          NativeType.Selection.Long => DAST.Type.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i64")),
-          NativeType.Selection.ULong => DAST.Type.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u64")),
+        var CreateNewtype = (string baseName, DAST._INewtypeRange newTypeRange) =>
+          DAST.Type.create_UserDefined(
+            DAST.ResolvedType.create_ResolvedType(
+              Sequence<ISequence<Rune>>.FromElements(
+                Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(baseName)
+              ),
+              Sequence<DAST.Type>.Empty,
+              DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Newtype(
+                DAST.Type.create_Primitive(DAST.Primitive.create_Int()),
+                newTypeRange,
+                true
+              ),
+              Sequence<DAST.Attribute>.Empty,
+              Sequence<ISequence<Rune>>.Empty,
+              Sequence<DAST.Type>.Empty
+            )
+          );
+        return (DAST.Type)(AsNativeType(xType).Sel switch {
+          NativeType.Selection.Byte => CreateNewtype("u8", DAST.NewtypeRange.create_U8()),
+          NativeType.Selection.SByte => CreateNewtype("i8", DAST.NewtypeRange.create_I8()),
+          NativeType.Selection.Short => CreateNewtype("i16", DAST.NewtypeRange.create_I16()),
+          NativeType.Selection.UShort => CreateNewtype("u16", DAST.NewtypeRange.create_U16()),
+          NativeType.Selection.Int => CreateNewtype("i32", DAST.NewtypeRange.create_I32()),
+          NativeType.Selection.UInt => CreateNewtype("u32", DAST.NewtypeRange.create_U32()),
+          NativeType.Selection.Long => CreateNewtype("i64", DAST.NewtypeRange.create_I64()),
+          NativeType.Selection.ULong => CreateNewtype("u64", DAST.NewtypeRange.create_U64()),
+          NativeType.Selection.DoubleLong => CreateNewtype("i128", DAST.NewtypeRange.create_I128()),
+          NativeType.Selection.UDoubleLong => CreateNewtype("u128", DAST.NewtypeRange.create_U128()),
           _ => throw new InvalidOperationException(),
         });
       } else if (xType is SeqType seq) {
@@ -307,45 +416,45 @@ private DAST.Type GenType(Type typ) {
         var valueType = map.Range;
         return (DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_Map(GenType(keyType), GenType(valueType));
       } else if (xType is BitvectorType) {
-        ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Bitvector types");
-        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+        AddUnsupported("<i>Bitvector types</i>");
+        return (DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Missing feature: Bitvector types"));
       } else {
-        ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Type name for " + xType + " (" + typ.GetType() + ")");
-        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+        var why = "<i>Type name for " + xType + " (" + typ.GetType() + ")</i>";
+        AddUnsupported(why);
+        return (DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString($"<b>Unsupported: {why}</b>"));
       }
     }
 
     protected override void DeclareSubsetType(SubsetTypeDecl sst, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (currentBuilder is NewtypeContainer builder) {
-        var erasedType = EraseNewtypeLayers(sst);
-
-        List<DAST.Statement> witnessStmts = new();
-        DAST.Expression witness = null;
-        if (sst.WitnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled) {
-          var statementBuf = new StatementBuffer();
-          var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          EmitExpr(
-            sst.Witness, false,
-            EmitCoercionIfNecessary(sst.Witness.Type, erasedType, null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf)),
-            new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(statementBuf)
-          );
-          witness = buf.Finish();
-          witnessStmts = statementBuf.PopAll();
-        }
+      if (currentBuilder is not SynonymTypeContainer builder) {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
 
-        List<DAST.Type> typeParams = new();
-        foreach (var tp in sst.TypeArgs) {
-          if (!isTpSupported(tp)) {
-            ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Contravariance in type parameters");
-          }
+      var erasedType = sst.Rhs.NormalizeExpand();
 
-          typeParams.Add((DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_TypeArg(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(tp.Name)));
-        }
+      List<DAST.Statement> witnessStmts = new();
+      DAST.Expression witness = null;
+      var statementBuf = new StatementBuffer();
+      var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
+      if (sst.WitnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled) {
+        EmitExpr(
+          sst.Witness, false,
+          EmitCoercionIfNecessary(sst.Witness.Type, erasedType, null,
+            new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf, this)),
+          new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(statementBuf, this)
+        );
+        witness = buf.Finish();
+        witnessStmts = statementBuf.PopAll();
+      }
 
-        builder.Newtype(sst.GetCompileName(Options), typeParams, GenType(erasedType), witnessStmts, witness).Finish();
-      } else {
-        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      List<DAST.TypeArgDecl> typeParams = new();
+      foreach (var tp in sst.TypeArgs) {
+        typeParams.Add(GenTypeArgDecl(tp, tp.Name)); // TODO: Test if we can remove the second argument
       }
+
+      builder.SynonymType(sst.GetCompileName(Options), typeParams,
+        GenType(erasedType), witnessStmts, witness,
+        ParseAttributes(sst.Attributes)).Finish();
     }
 
     protected override void GetNativeInfo(NativeType.Selection sel, out string name, out string literalSuffix, out bool needsCastAfterArithmetic) {
@@ -354,6 +463,43 @@ protected override void GetNativeInfo(NativeType.Selection sel, out string name,
       needsCastAfterArithmetic = false;
     }
 
+
+    private Sequence<DAST.Formal> GenFormals(List<Formal> formals) {
+      List<DAST.Formal> paramsList = new();
+      foreach (var param in formals) {
+        if (param is not ImplicitFormal && !param.IsGhost) {
+          paramsList.Add((DAST.Formal)DAST.Formal.create_Formal(
+            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(IdProtect(param.CompileName)), GenType(param.Type), ParseAttributes(param.Attributes)));
+        }
+      }
+
+      Sequence<DAST.Formal> params_ = (Sequence<DAST.Formal>)Sequence<DAST.Formal>.FromArray(paramsList.ToArray());
+      return params_;
+    }
+
+    protected override void TrDividedBlockStmt(Constructor m, DividedBlockStmt dividedBlockStmt, ConcreteSyntaxTree writer) {
+      TrStmtList(dividedBlockStmt.BodyInit, writer);
+      if (writer is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> builder) {
+        var membersToInitialize = ((TopLevelDeclWithMembers)m.EnclosingClass).Members.Where((md =>
+          md is Field and not ConstantField { Rhs: { } }));
+        var outFormals = membersToInitialize.Select((MemberDecl md) =>
+          DAST.Formal.create_Formal(
+          Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(
+            (md is ConstantField ? InternalFieldPrefix : "") +
+            md.GetCompileName(Options)),
+              GenType(((Field)md).Type.Subst(((TopLevelDeclWithMembers)((Field)md).EnclosingClass).ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals))
+          , ParseAttributes(md.Attributes)
+          )
+        ).ToList();
+        builder.Builder.AddStatement((DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_ConstructorNewSeparator(
+          Sequence<_IFormal>.FromArray(outFormals.ToArray())));
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidCastException("Divided block statement outside of a statement container");
+      }
+      // We need to indicate to Dafny that 
+      TrStmtList(dividedBlockStmt.BodyProper, writer);
+    }
+
     private class ClassWriter : IClassWriter {
       private readonly DafnyCodeGenerator compiler;
       private readonly ClassLike builder;
@@ -369,38 +515,48 @@ public ClassWriter(DafnyCodeGenerator compiler, bool hasTypeArgs, ClassLike buil
       public ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateMethod(Method m, List<TypeArgumentInstantiation> typeArgs, bool createBody,
         bool forBodyInheritance, bool lookasideBody) {
         if (m.IsStatic && this.hasTypeArgs) {
-          ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Static methods with type arguments");
+          compiler.AddUnsupported("<i>Static methods with type arguments</i>");
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(new StatementBuffer(), this.compiler);
         }
 
-        List<DAST.Type> astTypeArgs = new();
-        foreach (var typeArg in typeArgs) {
-          if (!isTpSupported(typeArg.Formal)) {
-            ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Contravariance in type parameters")
-          }
-
-          astTypeArgs.Add((DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_TypeArg(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(compiler.IdProtect(typeArg.Formal.GetCompileName(compiler.Options)))));
-        }
+        var astTypeArgs = typeArgs.Select(typeArg => compiler.GenTypeArgDecl(typeArg.Formal)).ToList();
 
-        List<DAST.Formal> params_ = new();
-        foreach (var param in m.Ins) {
-          if (param is not ImplicitFormal && !param.IsGhost) {
-            params_.Add((DAST.Formal)DAST.Formal.create_Formal(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(compiler.IdProtect(param.CompileName)), compiler.GenType(param.Type)));
-          }
-        }
+        var params_ = compiler.GenFormals(m.Ins);
 
         List<ISequence<Rune>> outVars = new();
         List<DAST.Type> outTypes = new();
         foreach (var outVar in m.Outs) {
           if (!outVar.IsGhost) {
-            outVars.Add(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(compiler.IdProtect(outVar.CompileName)));
+            outVars.Add(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(compiler.IdProtect(outVar.GetOrCreateCompileName(m.CodeGenIdGenerator))));
             outTypes.Add(compiler.GenType(outVar.Type));
           }
         }
 
-        var overridingTrait = m.OverriddenMethod?.EnclosingClass;
+        var overriddenMethod = m.OverriddenMethod;
+        while (overriddenMethod != null && overriddenMethod.OverriddenMethod != null) {
+          overriddenMethod = overriddenMethod.OverriddenMethod;
+        }
+
+        var overridingTrait = overriddenMethod?.EnclosingClass;
+        if (m is Constructor { EnclosingClass: TopLevelDeclWithMembers cm }) {
+          // Constructors need to assign all fields without RHS
+          var membersToInitialize = cm.Members.Where((md =>
+            md is Field and not ConstantField { Rhs: { } } && !md.IsGhost));
+          outVars = membersToInitialize.Select((MemberDecl md) =>
+            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(
+              (md is ConstantField ? compiler.InternalFieldPrefix : "") +
+              md.GetCompileName(compiler.Options))
+          ).ToList();
+          /*outTypes = membersToInitialize.Select((MemberDecl md) =>
+            GenType(md.GetType())
+          ).ToList();*/
+        }
+
+        var attributes = compiler.ParseAttributes(m.Attributes);
         var builder = this.builder.Method(
-          m.IsStatic, createBody,
+          m.IsStatic, createBody, m is Constructor, false,
           overridingTrait != null ? compiler.PathFromTopLevel(overridingTrait) : null,
+          attributes,
           m.GetCompileName(compiler.Options),
           astTypeArgs, params_,
           outTypes, outVars
@@ -408,7 +564,7 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateMethod(Method m, List<TypeArgumentInstantiation>
         methods.Add(builder);
 
         if (createBody) {
-          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(builder);
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(builder, this.compiler);
         } else {
           // TODO(shadaj): actually create a trait
           return null;
@@ -416,37 +572,28 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateMethod(Method m, List<TypeArgumentInstantiation>
       }
 
       public ConcreteSyntaxTree SynthesizeMethod(Method m, List<TypeArgumentInstantiation> typeArgs, bool createBody, bool forBodyInheritance, bool lookasideBody) {
-        throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.MethodSynthesis);
+        compiler.AddUnsupportedFeature(m.tok, Feature.MethodSynthesis);
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(new StatementBuffer(), this.compiler);
       }
 
       public ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateFunction(string name, List<TypeArgumentInstantiation> typeArgs,
           List<Formal> formals, Type resultType, IToken tok, bool isStatic, bool createBody, MemberDecl member,
           bool forBodyInheritance, bool lookasideBody) {
         if (isStatic && this.hasTypeArgs) {
-          ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Static methods with type arguments");
+          compiler.AddUnsupported("<i>Static functions with type arguments</i>");
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(new StatementBuffer(), this.compiler);
         }
 
-        List<DAST.Type> astTypeArgs = new();
-        foreach (var typeArg in typeArgs) {
-          if (!isTpSupported(typeArg.Formal)) {
-            ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Contravariance in type parameters");
-          }
-
-          astTypeArgs.Add((DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_TypeArg(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(compiler.IdProtect(typeArg.Formal.GetCompileName(compiler.Options)))));
-        }
+        var astTypeArgs = typeArgs.Select(typeArg => compiler.GenTypeArgDecl(typeArg.Formal)).ToList();
 
-        List<DAST.Formal> params_ = new();
-        foreach (var param in formals) {
-          if (!param.IsGhost) {
-            params_.Add((DAST.Formal)DAST.Formal.create_Formal(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(compiler.IdProtect(param.CompileName)), compiler.GenType(param.Type)));
-          }
-        }
+        var params_ = compiler.GenFormals(formals);
 
         var overridingTrait = member.OverriddenMember?.EnclosingClass;
-
+        var attributes = compiler.ParseAttributes(member.Attributes);
         var builder = this.builder.Method(
-          isStatic, createBody,
+          isStatic, createBody, false, true,
           overridingTrait != null ? compiler.PathFromTopLevel(overridingTrait) : null,
+          attributes,
           name,
           astTypeArgs, params_,
           new() {
@@ -456,7 +603,7 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateFunction(string name, List<TypeArgumentInstantia
         methods.Add(builder);
 
         if (createBody) {
-          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(builder);
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(builder, this.compiler);
         } else {
           return null;
         }
@@ -465,16 +612,20 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateFunction(string name, List<TypeArgumentInstantia
       public ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateGetter(string name, TopLevelDecl enclosingDecl, Type resultType, IToken tok,
           bool isStatic, bool isConst, bool createBody, MemberDecl member, bool forBodyInheritance) {
         if (isStatic && this.hasTypeArgs) {
-          ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Static fields with type arguments");
+          compiler.AddUnsupported("<i>Static fields with type arguments</i>");
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(new StatementBuffer(), this.compiler);
         }
 
         var overridingTrait = member.OverriddenMember?.EnclosingClass;
 
+        var attributes = compiler.ParseAttributes(enclosingDecl.Attributes);
+
         var builder = this.builder.Method(
-          isStatic, createBody,
+          isStatic, createBody, false, true,
           overridingTrait != null ? compiler.PathFromTopLevel(overridingTrait) : null,
+          attributes,
           name,
-          new(), new(),
+          new(), (Sequence<DAST.Formal>)Sequence<DAST.Formal>.Empty,
           new() {
             compiler.GenType(resultType)
           }, null
@@ -482,7 +633,7 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateGetter(string name, TopLevelDecl enclosingDecl,
         methods.Add(builder);
 
         if (createBody) {
-          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(builder);
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(builder, this.compiler);
         } else {
           return null;
         }
@@ -490,8 +641,14 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateGetter(string name, TopLevelDecl enclosingDecl,
 
       public ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateGetterSetter(string name, Type resultType, IToken tok,
           bool createBody, MemberDecl member, out ConcreteSyntaxTree setterWriter, bool forBodyInheritance) {
-        ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+        compiler.AddUnsupported("<i>Create Getter Setter</i>");
+        if (createBody) {
+          setterWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(new StatementBuffer(), this.compiler);
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(new StatementBuffer(), this.compiler);
+        } else {
+          setterWriter = null;
+          return null;
+        }
       }
 
       public void DeclareField(string name, TopLevelDecl enclosingDecl, bool isStatic, bool isConst, Type type,
@@ -510,7 +667,8 @@ public void DeclareField(string name, TopLevelDecl enclosingDecl, bool isStatic,
 
         builder.AddField((DAST.Formal)DAST.Formal.create_Formal(
           Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name),
-          compiler.GenType(type)
+          compiler.GenType(type),
+          compiler.ParseAttributes(field.Attributes)
         ), rhsExpr);
       }
 
@@ -531,7 +689,7 @@ public void Finish() {
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitReturnExpr(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> stmtContainer) {
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(stmtContainer.Builder.Return());
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(stmtContainer.Builder.Return(), this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -572,12 +730,16 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitMethodReturns(Method m, ConcreteSyntax
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitTailCallStructure(MemberDecl member, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> stmtContainer) {
         var recBuilder = stmtContainer.Builder.TailRecursive();
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(recBuilder);
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(recBuilder, this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
+    public override string TailRecursiveVar(int inParamIndex, IVariable variable) {
+      return preventShadowing ? base.TailRecursiveVar(inParamIndex, variable) : DCOMP.COMP.TailRecursionPrefix.ToVerbatimString(false) + inParamIndex;
+    }
+
     protected override void EmitJumpToTailCallStart(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> stmtContainer) {
         stmtContainer.Builder.AddStatement((DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_JumpTailCallStart());
@@ -594,6 +756,9 @@ internal override string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok,
     // so we buffer it here
     _IOption<DAST._IExpression> bufferedInitializationValue = null;
 
+    // And its statements here
+    _IOption<List<DAST.Statement>> bufferedInitializationStmts = null;
+
     protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok,
         bool usePlaceboValue, bool constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors) {
       if (bufferedInitializationValue != null) {
@@ -602,15 +767,22 @@ protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
         type = type.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints();
         if (usePlaceboValue) {
           bufferedInitializationValue = Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_None();
+          bufferedInitializationStmts = Option<List<DAST.Statement>>.create_None();
         } else {
-          if (type.AsNewtype != null && type.AsNewtype.WitnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled) {
-            var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-            EmitExpr(type.AsNewtype.Witness, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf), null);
-            bufferedInitializationValue = Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(buf.Finish());
+          if (type.AsNewtype is { WitnessKind: SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled } newType) {
+            var bufStmt = new StatementBuffer();
+            bufferedInitializationValue = Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(
+              DAST.Expression.create_Convert(
+              ConvertExpression(newType.Witness, new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(bufStmt, this)),
+                  GenType(newType.BaseType),
+              GenType(UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(newType.Witness.tok, newType))
+              ));
+            bufferedInitializationStmts = Option<List<DAST.Statement>>.create_Some(bufStmt.PopAll());
           } else if (type.AsSubsetType != null && type.AsSubsetType.WitnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled) {
-            var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-            EmitExpr(type.AsSubsetType.Witness, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf), null);
-            bufferedInitializationValue = Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(buf.Finish());
+            var bufStmt = new StatementBuffer();
+            bufferedInitializationValue = Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(
+              ConvertExpression(type.AsSubsetType.Witness, new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(bufStmt, this)));
+            bufferedInitializationStmts = Option<List<DAST.Statement>>.create_Some(bufStmt.PopAll());
           } else if (type.AsDatatype != null && type.AsDatatype.Ctors.Count == 1 && type.AsDatatype.Ctors[0].EnclosingDatatype is TupleTypeDecl tupleDecl) {
             var elems = new List<DAST._IExpression>();
             for (var i = 0; i < tupleDecl.Ctors[0].Formals.Count; i++) {
@@ -628,13 +800,11 @@ protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
                 DAST.Expression.create_Tuple(Sequence<DAST._IExpression>.FromArray(elems.ToArray()))
               );
             }
-          } else if (type.IsArrowType) {
-            ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-            throw new InvalidOperationException();
           } else {
             bufferedInitializationValue = Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(
               DAST.Expression.create_InitializationValue(GenType(type))
             );
+            bufferedInitializationStmts = Option<List<DAST.Statement>>.create_None();
           }
         }
         return "BUFFERED"; // used by DeclareLocal(Out)Var
@@ -654,35 +824,64 @@ protected override string TypeName_Companion(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, I
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
 
-      EmitTypeName_Companion(type, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(actualBuilder), wr, tok, member);
+      EmitTypeName_Companion(type, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(actualBuilder, this), wr, tok, member);
       return "";
     }
 
     protected override void EmitTypeName_Companion(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree surrounding, IToken tok, MemberDecl member) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> container) {
         type = UserDefinedType.UpcastToMemberEnclosingType(type, member);
+        var typeArgs = Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(type.TypeArgs.Select(GenType).ToArray());
 
         if (type.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints() is UserDefinedType udt && udt.ResolvedClass is DatatypeDecl dt &&
             DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, dt, out _)) {
-          container.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Companion(PathFromTopLevel(udt.ResolvedClass)));
+          container.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Companion(PathFromTopLevel(udt.ResolvedClass), typeArgs));
         } else {
-          container.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Companion(PathFromTopLevel(type.AsTopLevelTypeWithMembers)));
+          if (type.AsTopLevelTypeWithMembers == null) { // git-issues/git-issue-697g.dfy while iterating over "nat"
+            AddUnsupportedFeature(tok, Feature.SubtypeConstraintsInQuantifiers);
+          } else {
+            container.Builder.AddExpr(
+              (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Companion(PathFromTopLevel(type.AsTopLevelTypeWithMembers), typeArgs));
+          }
         }
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(string protectedName, List<Type> typeArgs, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> st && st.Builder is CallExprBuilder callExpr) {
-        callExpr.SetName(protectedName);
-      } else if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> st2 && st2.Builder is CallStmtBuilder callStmt) {
-        callStmt.SetName(protectedName);
+    protected override void EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(string protectedName, List<Type> typeArgs, IToken tok,
+     Expression replacementReceiver, bool receiverAsArgument, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      Option<_IFormal> receiverArg;
+      var receiverBeforeName = replacementReceiver != null && replacementReceiver is not StaticReceiverExpr;
+      Option<DAST.Type> receiverType = receiverBeforeName && !receiverAsArgument
+        ? (Option<DAST.Type>)Option<DAST.Type>.create_Some(GenType(replacementReceiver.Type))
+        : (Option<DAST.Type>)Option<DAST.Type>.create_None();
+      if (receiverBeforeName) {
+        var name = replacementReceiver is IdentifierExpr { Var: { } variable } && variable.GetOrCreateCompileName(enclosingDeclaration.CodeGenIdGenerator) is var compileName
+          ? compileName
+          : "receiver";
+        receiverArg = (Option<_IFormal>)Option<DAST._IFormal>.create_Some(
+          DAST.Formal.create_Formal(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name),
+          GenType(replacementReceiver.Type), ParseAttributes(null)));
       } else {
-        ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+        receiverArg = (Option<_IFormal>)Option<_IFormal>.create_None();
       }
 
-      base.EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(protectedName, typeArgs, tok, wr);
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var st) && st.Builder is CallExprBuilder callExpr) {
+        var signature = callExpr.Signature;
+        callExpr.SetName((DAST.CallName)DAST.CallName.create_CallName(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(protectedName), receiverType, receiverArg, receiverAsArgument, signature));
+      } else if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var st2) && st2.Builder is CallStmtBuilder callStmt) {
+        var signature = callStmt.Signature;
+        callStmt.SetName((DAST.CallName)DAST.CallName.create_CallName(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(protectedName), receiverType, receiverArg, receiverAsArgument, signature));
+      } else {
+        AddUnsupported("Builder issue: wr is as " + wr.GetType() +
+                                (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var st3) ?
+                                  " and its builder is a " + st3.Builder.GetType() : ""
+                                  ));
+        return;
+      }
+
+      base.EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(protectedName, typeArgs, tok, replacementReceiver, receiverAsArgument, wr);
     }
 
     protected override void TypeArgDescriptorUse(bool isStatic, bool lookasideBody, TopLevelDeclWithMembers cl, out bool needsTypeParameter, out bool needsTypeDescriptor) {
@@ -691,8 +890,19 @@ protected override void TypeArgDescriptorUse(bool isStatic, bool lookasideBody,
     }
 
     protected override bool DeclareFormal(string prefix, string name, Type type, IToken tok, bool isInParam, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>Declare formal</i>");
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    DeclareBuilder tmpDeclareBuilder;
+
+    protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitAssignmentRhs(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      if (tmpDeclareBuilder == null) {
+        return base.EmitAssignmentRhs(wr);
+      }
+      var t = tmpDeclareBuilder;
+      tmpDeclareBuilder = null;
+      return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(t, this);
     }
 
     protected override void DeclareLocalVar(string name, Type type, IToken tok, bool leaveRoomForRhs, string rhs,
@@ -705,16 +915,25 @@ protected override void DeclareLocalVar(string name, Type type, IToken tok, bool
           var variable = stmtContainer.Builder.DeclareAndAssign(typ, name);
 
           if (leaveRoomForRhs) {
-            throw new InvalidOperationException();
+            tmpDeclareBuilder = variable;
           }
         } else if (rhs == "BUFFERED") {
           if (bufferedInitializationValue == null) {
-            throw new InvalidOperationException("Expected a buffered value to have been populated because rhs != null");
+            throw new InvalidOperationException(
+              "Expected a buffered value to have been populated because rhs != null");
           }
 
           var rhsValue = bufferedInitializationValue;
           bufferedInitializationValue = null;
 
+          if (bufferedInitializationStmts is { is_Some: true }) {
+            foreach (var stmt in bufferedInitializationStmts.dtor_value) {
+              stmtContainer.Builder.AddStatement(stmt);
+            }
+
+            bufferedInitializationStmts = null;
+          }
+
           stmtContainer.Builder.AddStatement(
             (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_DeclareVar(
               Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name),
@@ -733,7 +952,7 @@ protected override void DeclareLocalVar(string name, Type type, IToken tok, bool
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree DeclareLocalVar(string name, Type type, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> stmtContainer) {
         var variable = stmtContainer.Builder.DeclareAndAssign(GenType(type), name);
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(variable);
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(variable, this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -748,30 +967,50 @@ protected override void DeclareLocalOutVar(string name, Type type, IToken tok, s
     }
 
     protected override void EmitCallReturnOuts(List<string> outTmps, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder && builder.Builder is CallStmtBuilder call) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder) && builder.Builder is CallStmtBuilder call) {
         call.SetOuts(outTmps.Select(i => Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(i)).ToList());
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
+
+
     protected override void TrCallStmt(CallStmt s, string receiverReplacement, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wrStmts, ConcreteSyntaxTree wrStmtsAfterCall) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> stmtContainer) {
         if (s.Method == enclosingMethod && enclosingMethod.IsTailRecursive) {
           base.TrCallStmt(s, receiverReplacement, wr, wrStmts, wrStmtsAfterCall);
         } else {
-          var callBuilder = stmtContainer.Builder.Call();
-          base.TrCallStmt(s, receiverReplacement, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(callBuilder), wrStmts, wrStmtsAfterCall);
+          var parameters = GenFormals(s.Method.Ins);
+          var callBuilder = stmtContainer.Builder.Call(parameters);
+          base.TrCallStmt(s, receiverReplacement, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(callBuilder, this), wrStmts, wrStmtsAfterCall);
         }
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot call statement in this context: " + currentBuilder);
       }
     }
 
+    public override bool NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(MemberDecl member) {
+      return member is Constructor || base.NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(member);
+    }
+
+    protected override void EmitStaticExternMethodQualifier(string qual, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_ExternCompanion(
+          Sequence<ISequence<Rune>>.FromArray(new[] {
+            DCOMP.COMP.DAFNY__EXTERN__MODULE,
+            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(qual)
+          })
+          ));
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
+    }
+
     protected override void EmitCallToInheritedMethod(Method method, [CanBeNull] TopLevelDeclWithMembers heir, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmtsAfterCall) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> stmtContainer) {
-        var callBuilder = stmtContainer.Builder.Call();
-        base.EmitCallToInheritedMethod(method, heir, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(callBuilder), wStmts, wStmtsAfterCall);
+        var callBuilder = stmtContainer.Builder.Call(GenFormals(method.Ins));
+        base.EmitCallToInheritedMethod(method, heir, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(callBuilder, this), wStmts, wStmtsAfterCall);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot call statement in this context: " + currentBuilder);
       }
@@ -783,21 +1022,26 @@ protected override void EmitMultiReturnTuple(List<Formal> outs, List<Type> outTy
 
     protected override void CompileFunctionCallExpr(FunctionCallExpr e, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, bool inLetExprBody,
         ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, FCE_Arg_Translator tr, bool alreadyCoerced) {
-      var toType = thisContext == null ? e.Type : e.Type.Subst(thisContext.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
-      wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(e.Function.Original.ResultType, toType, e.tok, wr);
+      var toType = e.Type.Subst(e.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions());
+      var fromType = e.Function.Original.ResultType.Subst(e.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions());
+      if (thisContext != null) {
+        toType = toType.Subst(thisContext.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
+        fromType = fromType.Subst(thisContext.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
+      }
+      wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(fromType, toType, e.tok, wr);
 
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
-        var callBuilder = builder.Builder.Call();
-        base.CompileFunctionCallExpr(e, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(callBuilder), inLetExprBody, wStmts, tr, true);
+        var callBuilder = builder.Builder.Call(GenFormals(e.Function.Ins));
+        base.CompileFunctionCallExpr(e, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(callBuilder, this), inLetExprBody, wStmts, tr, true);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot call function in this context: " + currentBuilder);
       }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitActualTypeArgs(List<Type> typeArgs, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> st && st.Builder is CallExprBuilder callExpr) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var st) && st.Builder is CallExprBuilder callExpr) {
         callExpr.SetTypeArgs(typeArgs.Select(GenType).ToList());
-      } else if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> st2 && st2.Builder is CallStmtBuilder callStmt) {
+      } else if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var st2) && st2.Builder is CallStmtBuilder callStmt) {
         callStmt.SetTypeArgs(typeArgs.Select(GenType).ToList());
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot emit actual type args in this context: " + currentBuilder);
@@ -806,9 +1050,11 @@ protected override void EmitActualTypeArgs(List<Type> typeArgs, IToken tok, Conc
 
     private class BuilderLvalue : ILvalue {
       readonly string name;
+      private readonly DafnyCodeGenerator compiler;
 
-      public BuilderLvalue(string name) {
+      public BuilderLvalue(string name, DafnyCodeGenerator compiler) {
         this.name = name;
+        this.compiler = compiler;
       }
 
       public void EmitRead(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
@@ -819,7 +1065,7 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitWrite(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
         if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> stmtContainer) {
           var assign = stmtContainer.Builder.Assign();
           assign.AddLhs((DAST.AssignLhs)DAST.AssignLhs.create_Ident(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(name)));
-          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(assign);
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(assign, this.compiler);
         } else {
           throw new InvalidOperationException();
         }
@@ -829,17 +1075,19 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitWrite(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
     private class ExprLvalue : ILvalue {
       readonly DAST.Expression expr;
       readonly DAST.AssignLhs assignExpr;
+      private readonly DafnyCodeGenerator compiler;
 
-      public ExprLvalue(DAST.Expression expr, DAST.AssignLhs assignExpr) {
+      public ExprLvalue(DAST.Expression expr, DAST.AssignLhs assignExpr, DafnyCodeGenerator compiler) {
         this.expr = expr;
         this.assignExpr = assignExpr;
+        this.compiler = compiler;
       }
 
       public void EmitRead(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-        if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> exprContainer) {
+        if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var exprContainer)) {
           exprContainer.Builder.AddExpr(expr);
         } else {
-          throw new InvalidOperationException();
+          compiler.AddUnsupported("<i>EmitRead</i> without ExprContainer builder");
         }
       }
 
@@ -851,7 +1099,7 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitWrite(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
         if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> stmtContainer) {
           var assign = stmtContainer.Builder.Assign();
           assign.AddLhs(assignExpr);
-          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(assign);
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(assign, this.compiler);
         } else {
           throw new InvalidOperationException();
         }
@@ -863,7 +1111,7 @@ protected override void EmitAssignment(string lhs, Type/*?*/ lhsType, string rhs
     }
 
     protected override ILvalue IdentLvalue(string var) {
-      return new BuilderLvalue(var);
+      return new BuilderLvalue(var, this);
     }
 
     protected override ILvalue SeqSelectLvalue(SeqSelectExpr ll, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
@@ -873,13 +1121,13 @@ protected override ILvalue SeqSelectLvalue(SeqSelectExpr ll, ConcreteSyntaxTree
         EmitCoercionIfNecessary(
           ll.Seq.Type,
           ll.Seq.Type.IsNonNullRefType || !ll.Seq.Type.IsRefType ? null : UserDefinedType.CreateNonNullType((UserDefinedType)ll.Seq.Type.NormalizeExpand()),
-          null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(sourceBuf)
+          null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(sourceBuf, this)
         ),
         wStmts
       );
 
       var indexBuf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-      EmitExpr(ll.E0, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(indexBuf), wStmts);
+      EmitExpr(ll.E0, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(indexBuf, this), wStmts);
 
       var source = sourceBuf.Finish();
       var index = indexBuf.Finish();
@@ -896,19 +1144,19 @@ protected override ILvalue SeqSelectLvalue(SeqSelectExpr ll, ConcreteSyntaxTree
 
       return new ExprLvalue(
         (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Index(source, collKind, Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromElements(index)),
-        (DAST.AssignLhs)DAST.AssignLhs.create_Index(source, Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromElements(index))
+        (DAST.AssignLhs)DAST.AssignLhs.create_Index(source, Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromElements(index)),
+        this
       );
     }
 
     protected override ILvalue MultiSelectLvalue(MultiSelectExpr ll, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(ll.tok, Feature.MultiDimensionalArrays);
     }
 
     protected override void EmitPrintStmt(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, Expression arg) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> stmtContainer) {
         ExprBuffer buffer = new(null);
-        EmitExpr(arg, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buffer), wr);
+        EmitExpr(arg, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buffer, this), wr);
         stmtContainer.Builder.Print(buffer.Finish());
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot print outside of a statement container: " + currentBuilder);
@@ -926,7 +1174,7 @@ protected override void EmitReturn(List<Formal> outParams, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateLabeledCode(string label, bool createContinueLabel, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> stmtContainer) {
         var labelBuilder = stmtContainer.Builder.Labeled((createContinueLabel ? "continue_" : "goto_") + label);
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(labelBuilder);
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(labelBuilder, this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -953,7 +1201,7 @@ protected override void EmitContinue(string label, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
     }
 
     protected override void EmitYield(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.Iterators);
+      AddUnsupportedFeature(Token.NoToken, Feature.Iterators);
     }
 
     protected override void EmitAbsurd(string message, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
@@ -980,7 +1228,7 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitIf(out ConcreteSyntaxTree guardWriter,
         var containingBuilder = statementContainer.Builder;
         if (elseBuilderStack.Count > 0 && elseBuilderStack.Peek().Item2 == statementContainer.Builder) {
           var popped = elseBuilderStack.Pop();
-          statementContainer = new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(popped.Item1);
+          statementContainer = new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(popped.Item1, this);
           containingBuilder = popped.Item2;
         }
 
@@ -989,8 +1237,8 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitIf(out ConcreteSyntaxTree guardWriter,
           elseBuilderStack.Push((ifBuilder.Else(), containingBuilder));
         }
 
-        guardWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(ifBuilder);
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(ifBuilder);
+        guardWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(ifBuilder, this);
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(ifBuilder, this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -999,7 +1247,7 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitIf(out ConcreteSyntaxTree guardWriter,
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitBlock(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> statementContainer) {
         if (elseBuilderStack.Count > 0 && elseBuilderStack.Peek().Item2 == statementContainer.Builder) {
-          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(elseBuilderStack.Pop().Item1);
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(elseBuilderStack.Pop().Item1, this);
         } else {
           return wr.Fork();
         }
@@ -1008,46 +1256,106 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitBlock(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       }
     }
 
+    // Return a writer to write the start expression, which is lo if going up, and hi if going down
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitForStmt(IToken tok, IVariable loopIndex, bool goingUp, string endVarName,
       List<Statement> body, LList<Label> labels, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.ForLoops);
+      if (GetStatementBuilder(wr, out var statementContainer)) {
+        var indexName = loopIndex.CompileNameShadowable;
+        ForeachBuilder foreachBuilder = statementContainer.Builder.Foreach(
+          indexName, GenType(loopIndex.Type));
+        if (endVarName == null) {
+          var startBuilder = ((ExprContainer)foreachBuilder).Wrapper(start =>
+            (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_UnboundedIntRange(
+              start,
+              goingUp
+            ));
+          ConcreteSyntaxTree bodyWr = new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(foreachBuilder, this);
+          bodyWr = EmitContinueLabel(labels, bodyWr);
+          TrStmtList(body, bodyWr);
+          return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(startBuilder, this);
+        } else {
+          var loHiBuilder = ((ExprContainer)foreachBuilder).BinOp("int_range", (DAST.Expression lo, DAST.Expression hi) =>
+             (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_IntRange(
+               GenType(loopIndex.Type),
+               lo,
+               hi,
+               goingUp
+             ));
+          ConcreteSyntaxTree bodyWr = new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(foreachBuilder, this);
+          bodyWr = EmitContinueLabel(labels, bodyWr);
+          TrStmtList(body, bodyWr);
+          BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> toReturn;
+          if (goingUp) {
+            var loBuf = new ExprBuffer(null);
+            toReturn = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(loBuf, this);
+            loHiBuilder.AddBuildable(loBuf);
+          } else {
+            toReturn = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(loHiBuilder, this);
+          }
+          loHiBuilder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Ident(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(endVarName)));
+          return toReturn;
+        }
+      }
+      throw new InvalidOperationException();
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateWhileLoop(out ConcreteSyntaxTree guardWriter, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> statementContainer) {
         var whileBuilder = statementContainer.Builder.While();
-        guardWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(whileBuilder);
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(whileBuilder);
+        guardWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(whileBuilder, this);
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(whileBuilder, this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
-    protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateForLoop(string indexVar, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> bound, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, string start = null) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.ForLoops);
+    protected override void EmitArrayLength(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> arr, TypeRhs typeRhs, int d, bool native,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree w) {
+      var arrayLengthBuilder = new ArrayLengthBuilder(GenType(typeRhs.Type), d, native);
+      arr(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(arrayLengthBuilder, this));
+      if (w is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> expressionContainer) {
+        expressionContainer.Builder.AddBuildable(arrayLengthBuilder);
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException("ArrayLength within a non-expression context");
+      }
+    }
+
+    protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateForLoop(string indexVar,
+      Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> boundWriter, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr,
+      string start = null) {
+      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> statementContainer) {
+        var foreachBuilder = statementContainer.Builder.Foreach(indexVar, GenType(Dafny.Type.Int));
+        var nativeRangeBuilder = new NativeRangeBuilder(start);
+        foreachBuilder.AddBuildable(nativeRangeBuilder);
+        boundWriter(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(nativeRangeBuilder, this));
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(foreachBuilder, this);
+      }
+      throw new InvalidOperationException("Not in a statement container");
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateDoublingForLoop(string indexVar, int start, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.ForLoops);
+      AddUnsupportedFeature(Token.NoToken, Feature.ForLoops);
+      return wr;
     }
 
     protected override void EmitIncrementVar(string varName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>EmitIncrementVar</i>");
     }
 
     protected override void EmitDecrementVar(string varName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>EmitDecrementVar</i>");
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitQuantifierExpr(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> collection, bool isForall, Type collectionElementType, BoundVar bv, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
-        var collectionBuf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        collection(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(collectionBuf));
-        var collectionAST = collectionBuf.Finish();
-
-        builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_BoolLiteral(false)));
-
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(new ExprBuffer(null));
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        var tp = GenType(collectionElementType);
+        var argBuilder = builder.Builder.BinOp("quantifier",
+          (DAST.Expression collectionExpr, DAST.Expression lambda) =>
+            (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Quantifier(tp, collectionExpr, isForall, lambda)
+        );
+        var wBody = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(argBuilder, this);
+        collection(wBody);
+        return wBody;
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -1061,15 +1369,15 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateForeachLoop(string tmpVarName, Type
       out ConcreteSyntaxTree collectionWriter, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> statementContainer) {
         var foreachBuilder = statementContainer.Builder.Foreach(tmpVarName, GenType(collectionElementType));
-        collectionWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(foreachBuilder);
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(foreachBuilder);
+        collectionWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(foreachBuilder, this);
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(foreachBuilder, this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitDowncast(Type from, Type to, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      return EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from, to, tok, wr);
+      return wr;
     }
 
     protected override void EmitDowncastVariableAssignment(string boundVarName, Type boundVarType, string tmpVarName,
@@ -1080,12 +1388,13 @@ protected override void EmitDowncastVariableAssignment(string boundVarName, Type
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateForeachIngredientLoop(string boundVarName, int L, string tupleTypeArgs,
         out ConcreteSyntaxTree collectionWriter, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>CreateForeachIngredientLoop</i>");
+      collectionWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(new ExprBuffer(null), this);
+      return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(new StatementBuffer(), this);
     }
 
     protected override void EmitNew(Type type, IToken tok, CallStmt initCall, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
         var ctor = (Constructor)initCall?.Method;
         var arguments = Enumerable.Empty<DAST.Expression>();
         if (ctor != null && ctor.IsExtern(Options, out _, out _)) {
@@ -1094,12 +1403,16 @@ protected override void EmitNew(Type type, IToken tok, CallStmt initCall, Concre
             .Where(tp => !tp.f.IsGhost)
             .Select(tp => {
               var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-              var localWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf);
+              var localWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf, this);
               EmitExpr(initCall.Args[tp.i], false, localWriter, wStmts);
               return buf.Finish();
             });
         }
 
+        if (ctor == null) {
+          AddUnsupported("Creation of object of type " + type.ToString() + " requires a constructor");
+        }
+
         var typeArgs = type.TypeArgs.Select(GenType).ToArray();
 
         builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_New(
@@ -1118,15 +1431,10 @@ protected override void EmitNewArray(Type elementType, IToken tok, List<string>
     }
 
     protected override void EmitNewArray(Type elementType, IToken tok, List<Expression> dimensions, bool mustInitialize, [CanBeNull] string exampleElement, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
-        var dimensionsAST = dimensions.Select(d => {
-          var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          var localWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf);
-          EmitExpr(d, false, localWriter, wStmts);
-          return buf.Finish();
-        }).ToArray();
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
+        var dimensionsAST = dimensions.Select(convert).ToArray();
 
-        builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_NewArray(
+        builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_NewUninitArray(
           Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(dimensionsAST),
           GenType(elementType)
         ));
@@ -1136,42 +1444,76 @@ protected override void EmitNewArray(Type elementType, IToken tok, List<Expressi
     }
 
     protected override void EmitIdentifier(string ident, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Ident(
           Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(ident)
         ));
       } else {
-        throw new InvalidOperationException("Expected ExprContainer, got " + wr.GetType());
+        AddUnsupported("Expected ExprContainer, got " + wr.GetType());
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Overriden from SinglePassCodeGenerator to return a BuilderSyntaxTree
+    // To avoid UnsupportedInvalidOperationException in EmitIdentifier by way of set comprehension (github issue 5644)
+    protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree MaybeEmitCallToIsMethod(RedirectingTypeDecl declWithConstraints, List<Type> typeArguments, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      Contract.Requires(declWithConstraints is SubsetTypeDecl or NewtypeDecl);
+      Contract.Requires(declWithConstraints.TypeArgs.Count == typeArguments.Count);
+      Contract.Requires(declWithConstraints.ConstraintIsCompilable);
+      switch (declWithConstraints) {
+        case NonNullTypeDecl:
+          // Non-null types don't have a special target class, so we just do the non-null constraint check here.
+          return EmitNullTest(false, wr);
+        case NewtypeDecl { TargetTypeCoversAllBitPatterns: true }: {
+            EmitLiteralExpr(wr, Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(declWithConstraints.tok, true));
+            return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(new ExprBuffer(null), this);
+          }
+        default: {
+            // in mind that type parameters are not accessible in static methods in some target languages).
+            var type = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(declWithConstraints.tok, (TopLevelDecl)declWithConstraints, typeArguments);
+            return EmitCallToIsMethod(declWithConstraints, type, wr);
+          }
       }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitLiteralExpr(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, LiteralExpr e) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         DAST.Expression baseExpr;
 
         switch (e) {
           case CharLiteralExpr c:
-            if (UnicodeCharEnabled) {
-              var codePoint = Util.UnescapedCharacters(Options, (string)c.Value, false).Single();
+            var codePoint = Util.UnescapedCharacters(Options, (string)c.Value, false).Single();
+            if (Rune.IsRune(new BigInteger(codePoint))) { // More readable version in the generated code.
               baseExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_CharLiteral(
                 new Rune(codePoint)
               ));
             } else {
-              ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-              throw new InvalidOperationException();
+              baseExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_CharLiteralUTF16(
+                codePoint
+              ));
             }
+
             break;
           case StringLiteralExpr str:
-            baseExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_StringLiteral(
-              Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(str.AsStringLiteral())
-            ));
+            if (!UnicodeCharEnabled && Util.TokensWithEscapes(str.AsStringLiteral(), false) is var tokens && tokens.Any((string token) => Util.Utf16Escape.IsMatch(token))) {
+              var s = Util.UnescapedCharacters(UnicodeCharEnabled, str.AsStringLiteral(), true);
+              var chars = tokens.Select((string singleChar) =>
+                ConvertExpressionNoStatement(new CharLiteralExpr(Token.NoToken, singleChar) { Type = Type.Char })).ToArray();
+              baseExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_SeqValue(Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(chars), GenType(new CharType()));
+              // We need to emit a sequence of chars literal. We first 
+            } else {
+              baseExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_StringLiteral(
+                Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(str.AsStringLiteral()), str.IsVerbatim
+              ));
+            }
             break;
           case StaticReceiverExpr:
+            var typeArgs = Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(e.Type.TypeArgs.Select(GenType).ToArray());
+
             if (e.Type.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints() is UserDefinedType udt && udt.ResolvedClass is DatatypeDecl dt &&
                 DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, dt, out _)) {
-              baseExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Companion(PathFromTopLevel(udt.ResolvedClass));
+              baseExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Companion(PathFromTopLevel(udt.ResolvedClass), typeArgs);
             } else {
-              baseExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Companion(PathFromTopLevel(e.Type.AsTopLevelTypeWithMembers));
+              baseExpr = (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Companion(PathFromTopLevel(e.Type.AsTopLevelTypeWithMembers), typeArgs);
             }
             break;
           default:
@@ -1223,41 +1565,43 @@ protected override void EmitLiteralExpr(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, LiteralExpr e) {
         }
 
         builder.Builder.AddExpr(baseExpr);
+      } else if (emitUncompilableCode && GetStatementBuilder(wr, out var builder2)) {
+        builder2.Builder.AddStatement(StatementContainer.UnsupportedToStatement($"Cannot emit literal expression {e} outside of expression context: " + wr.GetType()));
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot emit literal expression outside of expression context: " + wr.GetType());
       }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitStringLiteral(string str, bool isVerbatim, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      throw new UnsupportedInvalidOperationException("<i>EmitStringLiteral</i>");
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitBitvectorTruncation(BitvectorType bvType, [CanBeNull] NativeType nativeType,
       bool surroundByUnchecked, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      throw new UnsupportedInvalidOperationException("<i>EmitBitvectorTruncation</i>");
     }
 
     protected override void EmitRotate(Expression e0, Expression e1, bool isRotateLeft, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr,
         bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, FCE_Arg_Translator tr) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(e0.tok, Feature.BitvectorRotateFunctions);
+      AddUnsupportedFeature(e0.tok, Feature.BitvectorRotateFunctions);
     }
 
     protected override void EmitEmptyTupleList(string tupleTypeArgs, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.NonSequentializableForallStatements);
+      AddUnsupportedFeature(Token.NoToken, Feature.NonSequentializableForallStatements);
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitIngredients(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, string ingredients, int L,
       string tupleTypeArgs, ForallStmt s, AssignStmt s0, Expression rhs) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.NonSequentializableForallStatements);
+      AddUnsupportedFeature(Token.NoToken, Feature.NonSequentializableForallStatements);
+      return wr;
     }
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitAddTupleToList(string ingredients, string tupleTypeArgs, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.NonSequentializableForallStatements);
+      AddUnsupportedFeature(Token.NoToken, Feature.NonSequentializableForallStatements);
+      return wr;
     }
 
     protected override void EmitTupleSelect(string prefix, int i, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.NonSequentializableForallStatements);
+      AddUnsupportedFeature(Token.NoToken, Feature.NonSequentializableForallStatements);
     }
 
     protected override string IdProtect(string name) {
@@ -1269,8 +1613,8 @@ public override string PublicIdProtect(string name) {
     }
 
     protected override string FullTypeName(UserDefinedType udt, MemberDecl member = null) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>FullTypeName</i>");
+      return "FullTypeName";
     }
 
     private DAST.Type FullTypeNameAST(UserDefinedType udt, MemberDecl member = null) {
@@ -1281,13 +1625,7 @@ private DAST.Type FullTypeNameAST(UserDefinedType udt, MemberDecl member = null)
           GenType(arrow.Result)
         );
       } else if (udt.AsArrayType is var array && array != null) {
-        if (udt.IsNonNullRefType) {
-          return (DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_Array(GenType(udt.TypeArgs[0]), array.Dims);
-        } else {
-          return (DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_Nullable(
-            (DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_Array(GenType(udt.TypeArgs[0]), array.Dims)
-          );
-        }
+        return (DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_Array(GenType(udt.TypeArgs[0]), array.Dims);
       }
 
       var cl = udt.ResolvedClass;
@@ -1310,48 +1648,102 @@ private ISequence<ISequence<Rune>> PathFromTopLevel(TopLevelDecl topLevel) {
       return Sequence<ISequence<Rune>>.FromArray(path.ToArray());
     }
 
+    private DAST.NewtypeRange NativeTypeToNewtypeRange(NativeType nativeType) {
+      return (DAST.NewtypeRange)(nativeType?.Sel switch {
+        NativeType.Selection.Byte => NewtypeRange.create_U8(),
+        NativeType.Selection.SByte => NewtypeRange.create_I8(),
+        NativeType.Selection.UShort => NewtypeRange.create_U16(),
+        NativeType.Selection.Short => NewtypeRange.create_I16(),
+        NativeType.Selection.UInt => NewtypeRange.create_U32(),
+        NativeType.Selection.Int => NewtypeRange.create_I32(),
+        NativeType.Selection.ULong => NewtypeRange.create_U64(),
+        NativeType.Selection.Long => NewtypeRange.create_I64(),
+        NativeType.Selection.UDoubleLong => NewtypeRange.create_U128(),
+        NativeType.Selection.DoubleLong => NewtypeRange.create_I128(),
+        _ => NewtypeRange.create_NoRange()
+      });
+    }
+
+    private ISequence<DAST.Attribute> ParseAttributes(Attributes attributes) {
+      var a = attributes;
+      var result = new List<DAST.Attribute>() { };
+      while (a != null) {
+        var name = Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(a.Name);
+        var args = new List<Sequence<Rune>>();
+        foreach (var arg in a.Args) {
+          if (arg is Dafny.LiteralExpr { Value: var value }) {
+            var argToAdd = "";
+            if (value is string s) {
+              argToAdd = s;
+            } else if (value is bool b) {
+              argToAdd = b ? "true" : "false";
+            } else if (value is BigInteger big) {
+              argToAdd = big.ToString();
+            } else {
+              argToAdd = "unknown " + value.GetType();
+            }
+            args.Add((Sequence<Rune>)Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(argToAdd));
+          }
+        }
+        result.Add((DAST.Attribute)DAST.Attribute.create_Attribute(name,
+          Sequence<Sequence<Rune>>.FromArray(args.ToArray())));
+        a = a.Prev;
+      }
+
+      return Sequence<DAST.Attribute>.FromArray(result.ToArray());
+    }
+
     private DAST.Type TypeNameASTFromTopLevel(TopLevelDecl topLevel, List<Type> typeArgs) {
       var path = PathFromTopLevel(topLevel);
 
-      bool nonNull = true;
       if (topLevel is NonNullTypeDecl non) {
         topLevel = non.Rhs.AsTopLevelTypeWithMembers;
-      } else if (topLevel is ClassLikeDecl) {
-        nonNull = false;
       }
 
-      ResolvedType resolvedType;
+      var properMethods = new List<Sequence<Rune>>();
+      var extendedTraits = new List<DAST.Type>();
+      if (topLevel is TopLevelDeclWithMembers memberContainer) {
+        foreach (var member in memberContainer.Members) {
+          if (member.OverriddenMember == null) {
+            properMethods.Add((Sequence<Rune>)Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(member.GetCompileName(Options)));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      foreach (var parentType in topLevel.ParentTypes(typeArgs, true)) {
+        extendedTraits.Add(GenType(parentType));
+      }
+
+      var seqProperMethods = Sequence<Sequence<Rune>>.FromArray(properMethods.ToArray());
+      var seqExtendTraits = Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(extendedTraits.ToArray());
+      var seqTypeArgs = Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(typeArgs.Select(m => GenType(m)).ToArray());
+
+      DAST.ResolvedTypeBase resolvedTypeBase;
+
       if (topLevel is NewtypeDecl newType) {
-        resolvedType = (DAST.ResolvedType)DAST.ResolvedType.create_Newtype(GenType(EraseNewtypeLayers(topLevel)));
-      } else if (topLevel is SubsetTypeDecl subsetType) {
-        resolvedType = (DAST.ResolvedType)DAST.ResolvedType.create_Newtype(GenType(EraseNewtypeLayers(topLevel)));
-      } else if (topLevel is TypeSynonymDecl typeSynonym) {
-        resolvedType = (DAST.ResolvedType)DAST.ResolvedType.create_Newtype(GenType(EraseNewtypeLayers(topLevel)));
+        var range = NativeTypeToNewtypeRange(newType.NativeType);
+        resolvedTypeBase = (DAST.ResolvedTypeBase)DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Newtype(
+          GenType(EraseNewtypeLayers(topLevel)), range, true);
+      } else if (topLevel is TypeSynonymDecl typeSynonym) { // Also SubsetTypeDecl
+        resolvedTypeBase = (DAST.ResolvedTypeBase)DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Newtype(
+          GenType(typeSynonym.Rhs.Subst(typeSynonym.TypeArgs.Zip(typeArgs).ToDictionary(kv => kv.Item1, kv => kv.Item2)).NormalizeExpand()), NewtypeRange.create_NoRange(), true);
       } else if (topLevel is TraitDecl) {
-        throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.Traits);
-        // traits need a bit more work
-
-        // resolvedType = (DAST.ResolvedType)DAST.ResolvedType.create_Trait(path);
-      } else if (topLevel is DatatypeDecl) {
-        resolvedType = (DAST.ResolvedType)DAST.ResolvedType.create_Datatype(path);
+        resolvedTypeBase = (DAST.ResolvedTypeBase)DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Trait();
+      } else if (topLevel is DatatypeDecl dd) {
+        var variances = Sequence<Variance>.FromArray(dd.TypeArgs.Select(GenTypeVariance).ToArray());
+        resolvedTypeBase = (DAST.ResolvedTypeBase)DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Datatype(variances);
       } else if (topLevel is ClassDecl) {
-        // TODO(shadaj): have a separate type when we properly support classes
-        resolvedType = (DAST.ResolvedType)DAST.ResolvedType.create_Datatype(path);
+        resolvedTypeBase = (DAST.ResolvedTypeBase)DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Class();
       } else {
+        // SubsetTypeDecl are covered by TypeSynonymDecl
         throw new InvalidOperationException(topLevel.GetType().ToString());
       }
+      var resolvedType = (DAST.ResolvedType)DAST.ResolvedType.create_ResolvedType(
+        path, seqTypeArgs, resolvedTypeBase, ParseAttributes(topLevel.Attributes), seqProperMethods, seqExtendTraits);
 
-      DAST.Type baseType = (DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_Path(
-        path,
-        Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(typeArgs.Select(m => GenType(m)).ToArray()),
-        resolvedType
-      );
+      DAST.Type baseType = (DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_UserDefined(resolvedType);
 
-      if (nonNull) {
-        return baseType;
-      } else {
-        return (DAST.Type)DAST.Type.create_Nullable(baseType);
-      }
+      return baseType;
     }
 
     private static Type EraseNewtypeLayers(TopLevelDecl topLevel) {
@@ -1361,8 +1753,8 @@ private static Type EraseNewtypeLayers(TopLevelDecl topLevel) {
 
     public override ConcreteSyntaxTree Expr(Expression expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
       if (currentBuilder is ExprContainer container) {
-        EmitExpr(expr, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(container), wStmts);
-        return new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
+        EmitExpr(expr, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(container, this), wStmts);
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(new ExprBuffer(null), this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -1372,7 +1764,7 @@ public override void EmitExpr(Expression expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSynta
       var actualWr = wr;
       if (currentBuilder is ExprBuffer buf && wr is not BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>) {
         // the writers are not currently wired properly for DatatypeValue
-        actualWr = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf);
+        actualWr = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf, this);
       }
 
       if (expr is DatatypeValue) {
@@ -1392,15 +1784,13 @@ public override void EmitExpr(Expression expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSynta
       } else if (expr is IdentifierExpr) {
         // we don't need to create a copy of the identifier, that's language specific
         base.EmitExpr(expr, false, actualWr, wStmts);
-      } else if (expr is QuantifierExpr) {
-        throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(expr.tok, Feature.SubtypeConstraintsInQuantifiers);
       } else {
         base.EmitExpr(expr, inLetExprBody, actualWr, wStmts);
       }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitThis(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, bool callToInheritedMember) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_This());
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
@@ -1408,21 +1798,23 @@ protected override void EmitThis(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, bool callToInheritedMemb
     }
 
     protected override void EmitDatatypeValue(DatatypeValue dtv, string typeDescriptorArguments, string arguments, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder && currentBuilder is ExprBuffer buf) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder) && currentBuilder is ExprBuffer buf) {
         List<DAST.Expression> contents = buf.PopAll();
         currentBuilder = buf.parent; // pop early to make sure the receiving builder is in the expected state
         List<_System._ITuple2<ISequence<Rune>, DAST.Expression>> namedContents = new();
 
         int argI = 0;
         for (int i = 0; i < dtv.Ctor.Formals.Count; i++) {
-          var formal = dtv.Ctor.Formals[i];
-          if (formal.IsGhost) {
+          var destructor = dtv.Ctor.Destructors[i];
+          if (destructor.IsGhost) {
             continue;
           }
 
           var actual = contents[argI];
+          var formal = dtv.Ctor.Formals[i];
+          var destructorName = GetDestructorFormalName(formal);
           namedContents.Add(_System.Tuple2<ISequence<Rune>, DAST.Expression>.create(
-            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(formal.CompileName),
+            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(destructorName),
             actual
           ));
 
@@ -1430,7 +1822,19 @@ protected override void EmitDatatypeValue(DatatypeValue dtv, string typeDescript
         }
 
         if (argI != contents.Count) {
-          throw new InvalidOperationException("Datatype constructor " + dtv.Ctor.Name + " expects " + dtv.Ctor.Formals.Count + " arguments, but " + contents.Count + " were provided");
+          var error = "Datatype constructor "
+                + dtv.Ctor.Name + " expects " + dtv.Ctor.Formals.Count + " arguments, but "
+                + contents.Count + " were provided";
+          if (emitUncompilableCode) {
+            contents.Insert(0,
+              ExprContainer.UnsupportedToExpr(
+                error));
+            builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Tuple(
+              Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(contents.ToArray())
+              ));
+            return;
+          }
+          throw new InvalidOperationException(error);
         }
 
         if (dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype is TupleTypeDecl tupleDecl) {
@@ -1440,8 +1844,13 @@ protected override void EmitDatatypeValue(DatatypeValue dtv, string typeDescript
         } else {
           var dtPath = PathFromTopLevel(dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype);
           var dtTypeArgs = Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromArray(dtv.InferredTypeArgs.Select(m => GenType(m)).ToArray());
+          var dType = GenType(dtv.Type);
+          if (!dType.is_UserDefined) {
+            throw new InvalidOperationException("Did not expected a non-user defined type for database values");
+          }
+
           builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_DatatypeValue(
-            dtPath,
+            dType.dtor_resolved,
             dtTypeArgs,
             Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(dtv.Ctor.GetCompileName(Options)),
             dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype is CoDatatypeDecl,
@@ -1453,6 +1862,17 @@ protected override void EmitDatatypeValue(DatatypeValue dtv, string typeDescript
       }
     }
 
+    private static string GetDestructorFormalName(Formal formal) {
+      var defaultName = formal.CompileName;
+      object externVal = null;
+      bool hasExternVal = Attributes.ContainsMatchingValue(formal.Attributes, "extern",
+        ref externVal, new List<Attributes.MatchingValueOption> {
+          Attributes.MatchingValueOption.String
+        }, s => throw new UnsupportedInvalidOperationException("Non-string externs for destructors"));
+      var destructorName = externVal as string ?? defaultName;
+      return destructorName;
+    }
+
     protected override void GetSpecialFieldInfo(SpecialField.ID id, object idParam, Type receiverType,
         out string compiledName, out string preString, out string postString) {
       compiledName = "";
@@ -1463,10 +1883,17 @@ protected override void GetSpecialFieldInfo(SpecialField.ID id, object idParam,
           compiledName = (string)idParam;
           break;
         case SpecialField.ID.ArrayLength:
+        case SpecialField.ID.ArrayLengthInt:
+          break;
+        case SpecialField.ID.Keys:
+          break;
+        case SpecialField.ID.Values:
+          break;
+        case SpecialField.ID.Items:
           break;
         default:
-          ThrowGeneralUnsupported(); //("Special field: " + id);
-          throw new InvalidOperationException();
+          AddUnsupported("<i>Special field: " + id + "</i>");
+          break;
       }
     }
 
@@ -1478,44 +1905,64 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
       var memberStatus = DatatypeWrapperEraser.GetMemberStatus(Options, member);
 
       if (memberStatus == DatatypeWrapperEraser.MemberCompileStatus.Identity) {
-        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver));
+        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver, this));
         var objExpr = objReceiver.Finish();
-        return new ExprLvalue(objExpr, null);
+        return new ExprLvalue(objExpr, null, this);
       } else if (memberStatus == DatatypeWrapperEraser.MemberCompileStatus.AlwaysTrue) {
-        return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_BoolLiteral(true)), null);
+        return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_BoolLiteral(true)), null, this);
       } else if (member is DatatypeDestructor dtor) {
-        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver));
+        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver, this));
         var objExpr = objReceiver.Finish();
         if (dtor.EnclosingClass is TupleTypeDecl) {
           return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_TupleSelect(
             objExpr,
-            int.Parse(dtor.CorrespondingFormals[0].NameForCompilation)
-          ), null);
+            int.Parse(dtor.CorrespondingFormals[0].NameForCompilation), GenType(expectedType)
+          ), null, this);
         } else {
+          var attributes = member.Attributes ??
+                           (dtor.CorrespondingFormals.Count == 1 ? dtor.CorrespondingFormals[0].Attributes : null);
+          var compileName = GetExtractOverrideName(attributes, member.GetCompileName(Options));
           return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Select(
             objExpr,
-            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(member.GetCompileName(Options)),
+            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(compileName),
             member is ConstantField,
-            member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl
+            member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl, GenType(expectedType)
           ), (DAST.AssignLhs)DAST.AssignLhs.create_Select(
             objExpr,
             Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(member.GetCompileName(Options))
-          ));
+          ), this);
         }
-      } else if (member is SpecialField arraySpecial && arraySpecial.SpecialId == SpecialField.ID.ArrayLength) {
+      } else if (member is SpecialField { SpecialId: SpecialField.ID.ArrayLength } arraySpecial) {
         obj(EmitCoercionIfNecessary(
             objType,
             objType.IsNonNullRefType || !objType.IsRefType ? null : UserDefinedType.CreateNonNullType((UserDefinedType)objType.NormalizeExpand()),
-          null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver)
+          null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver, this)
         ));
         var objExpr = objReceiver.Finish();
 
         return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_ArrayLen(
           objExpr,
-          arraySpecial.IdParam != null ? ((int)arraySpecial.IdParam) : 0
-        ), null);
+          GenType(objType),
+          arraySpecial.IdParam != null ? ((int)arraySpecial.IdParam) : 0,
+          false
+        ), null, this);
+      } else if (member is SpecialField { SpecialId: SpecialField.ID.Keys }) {
+        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver, this));
+        var objExpr = objReceiver.Finish();
+        return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_MapKeys(
+          objExpr), null, this);
+      } else if (member is SpecialField { SpecialId: SpecialField.ID.Values }) {
+        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver, this));
+        var objExpr = objReceiver.Finish();
+        return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_MapValues(
+          objExpr), null, this);
+      } else if (member is SpecialField { SpecialId: SpecialField.ID.Items }) {
+        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver, this));
+        var objExpr = objReceiver.Finish();
+        return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_MapItems(
+          objExpr), null, this);
       } else if (member is SpecialField sf && sf.SpecialId != SpecialField.ID.UseIdParam) {
-        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver));
+        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver, this));
         var objExpr = objReceiver.Finish();
 
         GetSpecialFieldInfo(sf.SpecialId, sf.IdParam, objType, out var compiledName, out _, out _);
@@ -1523,22 +1970,22 @@ member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl
           objExpr,
           Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(compiledName),
           member is ConstantField,
-          member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl
+          member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl, GenType(expectedType)
         ), (DAST.AssignLhs)DAST.AssignLhs.create_Select(
           objExpr,
           Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(compiledName)
-        ));
+        ), this);
       } else if (member is SpecialField sf2 && sf2.SpecialId == SpecialField.ID.UseIdParam && sf2.IdParam is string fieldName && fieldName.StartsWith("is_")) {
-        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver));
+        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver, this));
         var objExpr = objReceiver.Finish();
 
         return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_TypeTest(
           objExpr,
           PathFromTopLevel(objType.AsTopLevelTypeWithMembers),
           Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(fieldName.Substring(3))
-        ), null);
+        ), null, this);
       } else {
-        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver));
+        obj(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(objReceiver, this));
         var objExpr = objReceiver.Finish();
 
         if (expectedType.IsArrowType) {
@@ -1547,42 +1994,43 @@ member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl
             Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(member.GetCompileName(Options)),
             member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl,
             member.IsStatic,
-            expectedType.AsArrowType.Arity
-          ), null);
+            member.IsInstanceIndependentConstant,
+            Sequence<DAST.Type>.FromElements(expectedType.AsArrowType.Args.Select(GenType).ToArray())
+          ), null, this);
         } else if (internalAccess && (member is ConstantField || member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl)) {
           return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Select(
             objExpr,
-            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_" + member.GetCompileName(Options)),
+            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(InternalFieldPrefix + member.GetCompileName(Options)),
             false,
-            member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl
+            member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl, GenType(expectedType)
           ), (DAST.AssignLhs)DAST.AssignLhs.create_Select(
             objExpr,
-            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_" + member.GetCompileName(Options))
-          ));
+            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(InternalFieldPrefix + member.GetCompileName(Options))
+          ), this);
         } else {
           return new ExprLvalue((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Select(
             objExpr,
             Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(member.GetCompileName(Options)),
             member is ConstantField,
-            member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl
+            member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl, GenType(expectedType)
           ), (DAST.AssignLhs)DAST.AssignLhs.create_Select(
             objExpr,
             Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(member.GetCompileName(Options))
-          ));
+          ), this);
         }
       }
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitArraySelect(List<Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree>> indices, Type elmtType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         var indicesAST = indices.Select(i => {
           var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          var localWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf);
+          var localWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf, this);
           i(localWriter);
           return buf.Finish();
         }).ToList();
 
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(builder.Builder.Index(indicesAST, DAST.CollKind.create_Array()));
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(builder.Builder.Index(indicesAST, DAST.CollKind.create_Array()), this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -1590,32 +2038,28 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitArraySelect(List<Action<ConcreteSyntax
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitArraySelect(List<Expression> indices, Type elmtType, bool inLetExprBody,
         ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
-        var indicesAST = indices.Select(i => {
-          var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          var localWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf);
-          EmitExpr(i, inLetExprBody, localWriter, wStmts);
-          return buf.Finish();
-        }).ToList();
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
+        var indicesAST = indices.Select(convert).ToList();
 
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(builder.Builder.Index(indicesAST, DAST.CollKind.create_Array()));
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(builder.Builder.Index(
+          indicesAST, DAST.CollKind.create_Array()), this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
     protected override (ConcreteSyntaxTree wArray, ConcreteSyntaxTree wRhs) EmitArrayUpdate(List<Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree>> indices, Type elmtType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetStatementBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         var indicesAST = indices.Select(i => {
           var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          var localWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf);
+          var localWriter = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf, this);
           i(localWriter);
           return buf.Finish();
         }).ToList();
 
         var assign = builder.Builder.Assign();
 
-        return (new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(((LhsContainer)assign).Array(indicesAST)), new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(assign));
+        return (new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(((LhsContainer)assign).Array(indicesAST), this), new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(assign, this));
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -1629,21 +2073,26 @@ protected override void EmitExprAsNativeInt(Expression expr, bool inLetExprBody,
     protected override void EmitIndexCollectionSelect(Expression source, Expression index, bool inLetExprBody,
       ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
       var sourceBuf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-      EmitExpr(source, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(sourceBuf), wStmts);
-
-      var indexBuf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-      EmitExpr(index, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(indexBuf), wStmts);
+      EmitExpr(source, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(sourceBuf, this), wStmts);
 
       DAST._ICollKind collKind;
+      Type indexType;
       if (source.Type.IsArrayType) {
         collKind = DAST.CollKind.create_Array();
-      } else if (source.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().IsMapType) {
+        indexType = Type.Int;
+      } else if (source.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType() is { IsMapType: true } normalized) {
         collKind = DAST.CollKind.create_Map();
+        indexType = normalized.AsMapType.Domain;
       } else {
         collKind = DAST.CollKind.create_Seq();
+        indexType = Type.Int;
       }
 
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      var indexBuf = new ExprBuffer(null);
+      var indexWr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(index.Type.NormalizeExpand(), indexType, null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(indexBuf, this));
+      EmitExpr(index, inLetExprBody, indexWr, wStmts);
+
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Index(
           sourceBuf.Finish(),
           collKind,
@@ -1654,9 +2103,63 @@ protected override void EmitIndexCollectionSelect(Expression source, Expression
       }
     }
 
+    protected static bool GetStatementBuilder(ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts,
+      out BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> statementBuilder) {
+      if (wStmts is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> s) {
+        statementBuilder = s;
+        return true;
+      }
+      statementBuilder = null;
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    protected static bool GetExprBuilder(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr,
+      out BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> exprBuilder) {
+        builder = exprBuilder;
+        return true;
+      }
+      builder = null;
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    protected bool GetExprConverter(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts,
+      out BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder,
+      out Func<Expression, DAST.Expression> converter) {
+      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> b) {
+        builder = b;
+        if (wStmts is BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> s) {
+          converter = (Expression expr) => ConvertExpression(expr, s);
+        } else {
+          var statementBuf = new NoStatementBuffer();
+          var sNoStmt = new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(statementBuf, this);
+          converter = (Expression expr) => ConvertExpression(expr, sNoStmt);
+        }
+
+        return true;
+      }
+      converter = null;
+      builder = null;
+      return false;
+    }
+
     protected override void EmitIndexCollectionUpdate(Expression source, Expression index, Expression value,
       CollectionType resultCollectionType, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
+        if (resultCollectionType.AsSeqType is { }) {
+          builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_SeqUpdate(
+            convert(source), convert(index), convert(value)
+          ));
+        } else if (resultCollectionType.AsMapType is { }) {
+          builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_MapUpdate(
+            convert(source), convert(index), convert(value)
+          ));
+        } else {
+          AddUnsupported("<i>EmitIndexCollectionUpdate for " + resultCollectionType.ToString() + "</i>");
+        }
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitSeqSelectRange(Expression source, Expression lo, Expression hi, bool fromArray,
@@ -1668,7 +2171,7 @@ protected override void EmitSeqSelectRange(Expression source, Expression lo, Exp
         EmitCoercionIfNecessary(
           source.Type,
           source.Type.IsNonNullRefType || !source.Type.IsRefType ? null : UserDefinedType.CreateNonNullType((UserDefinedType)source.Type.NormalizeExpand()),
-          null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(sourceBuf)
+          null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(sourceBuf, this)
         ),
         wStmts
       );
@@ -1677,18 +2180,20 @@ protected override void EmitSeqSelectRange(Expression source, Expression lo, Exp
       DAST.Expression loExpr = null;
       if (lo != null) {
         var loBuf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        EmitExpr(lo, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(loBuf), wStmts);
+        var loWr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(lo.Type.NormalizeExpand(), Type.Int, null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(loBuf, this));
+        EmitExpr(lo, inLetExprBody, loWr, wStmts);
         loExpr = loBuf.Finish();
       }
 
       DAST.Expression hiExpr = null;
       if (hi != null) {
         var hiBuf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        EmitExpr(hi, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(hiBuf), wStmts);
+        var loWr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(hi.Type.NormalizeExpand(), Type.Int, null, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(hiBuf, this));
+        EmitExpr(hi, inLetExprBody, loWr, wStmts);
         hiExpr = hiBuf.Finish();
       }
 
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_IndexRange(
           sourceExpr,
           fromArray,
@@ -1701,20 +2206,14 @@ protected override void EmitSeqSelectRange(Expression source, Expression lo, Exp
     }
 
     protected override void EmitSeqConstructionExpr(SeqConstructionExpr expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
-        var elem = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        EmitExpr(expr.Initializer, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(elem), wStmts);
-
-        var n = new ExprBuffer(null);
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
         var size = expr.N;
         if (size.Type.AsNewtype is { }) {
           size = new ConversionExpr(expr.N.tok, size, new IntType());
         }
-        EmitExpr(size, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(n), wStmts);
-
         builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_SeqConstruct(
-          n.Finish(),
-          elem.Finish()
+          convert(size),
+          convert(expr.Initializer)
         ));
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
@@ -1723,24 +2222,21 @@ protected override void EmitSeqConstructionExpr(SeqConstructionExpr expr, bool i
 
     protected override void EmitMultiSetFormingExpr(MultiSetFormingExpr expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr,
       ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(expr.tok, Feature.Multisets);
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
+        builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_ToMultiset(
+          convert(expr.E)));
+      } else {
+        AddUnsupportedFeature(expr.tok, Feature.Multisets);
+      }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitApplyExpr(Type functionType, IToken tok, Expression function,
         List<Expression> arguments, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
-        var argsAST = new List<DAST.Expression>();
-        foreach (var arg in arguments) {
-          var argReceiver = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          EmitExpr(arg, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(argReceiver), wStmts);
-          argsAST.Add(argReceiver.Finish());
-        }
-
-        var funcReceiver = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        EmitExpr(function, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(funcReceiver), wStmts);
-        var funcAST = funcReceiver.Finish();
-
-        builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Apply(funcAST, Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(argsAST.ToArray())));
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
+        builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Apply(
+          convert(function),
+          Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(
+            arguments.Select(arg => convert(arg)).ToArray())));
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
@@ -1749,102 +2245,156 @@ protected override void EmitApplyExpr(Type functionType, IToken tok, Expression
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitBetaRedex(List<string> boundVars, List<Expression> arguments,
       List<Type> boundTypes, Type resultType, IToken resultTok, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr,
       ref ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
-        var argsAST = new List<_System.Tuple2<DAST.Formal, DAST.Expression>>();
-        for (int i = 0; i < arguments.Count; ++i) {
-          var argReceiver = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          EmitExpr(arguments[i], inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(argReceiver), wStmts);
-          argsAST.Add((_System.Tuple2<DAST.Formal, DAST.Expression>)_System.Tuple2<DAST.Formal, DAST.Expression>.create(
-            (DAST.Formal)DAST.Formal.create_Formal(
-              Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(boundVars[i]),
-              GenType(boundTypes[i])
-            ),
-            argReceiver.Finish()
-          ));
-        }
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
+        var argsAST = arguments.Select((t, i) =>
+          (_System.Tuple2<DAST.Formal, DAST.Expression>)
+          _System.Tuple2<DAST.Formal, DAST.Expression>.create(
+            (DAST.Formal)DAST.Formal.create_Formal(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(boundVars[i]),
+              GenType(boundTypes[i]), ParseAttributes(null)), convert(t))).ToList();
 
         var retType = GenType(resultType);
 
         return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(builder.Builder.BetaRedex(
           argsAST, retType
-        ));
+        ), this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex, DatatypeCtor ctor,
-        List<Type> typeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex,
+      DatatypeCtor ctor,
+      Func<List<Type>> getTypeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         if (DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, ctor.EnclosingDatatype, out var coreDtor)) {
           Contract.Assert(coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals.Count == 1);
           Contract.Assert(dtor == coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals[0]); // any other destructor is a ghost
           source(wr);
         } else {
           var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          source(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf));
+          source(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf, this));
           var sourceAST = buf.Finish();
           if (ctor.EnclosingDatatype is TupleTypeDecl) {
             builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_TupleSelect(
               sourceAST,
-              int.Parse(dtor.NameForCompilation)
+              int.Parse(dtor.NameForCompilation), GenType(dtor.Type)
             ));
           } else {
+            var compileName = GetExtractOverrideName(dtor.Attributes, dtor.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator));
             builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Select(
               sourceAST,
-              Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(dtor.CompileName),
+              Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(compileName),
               false,
-              true
+              true, GenType(dtor.Type)
             ));
           }
         }
       }
     }
 
+    private static string GetExtractOverrideName(Attributes attributes, string defaultValue) {
+      return ((Attributes.Find(attributes, "extern_extract") is { } extern_extract
+               && extern_extract.Args.Count() == 1 && extern_extract.Args[0] is LiteralExpr { Value: string overrideName }
+        ? overrideName : defaultValue));
+    }
+
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateLambda(List<Type> inTypes, IToken tok, List<string> inNames,
         Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, bool untyped = false) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         var formals = new List<DAST.Formal>();
         for (int i = 0; i < inTypes.Count; ++i) {
           formals.Add((DAST.Formal)DAST.Formal.create_Formal(
             Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(inNames[i]),
-            GenType(inTypes[i])
+            GenType(inTypes[i]), ParseAttributes(null)
           ));
         }
 
         var retType = GenType(resultType);
 
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(builder.Builder.Lambda(formals, retType));
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(builder.Builder.Lambda(formals, retType), this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitLambdaApply(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wLambda, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wArg) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> exprBuilder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var exprBuilder)) {
         var lambda = exprBuilder.Builder.Apply();
-        wLambda = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(lambda);
-        wArg = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(lambda);
+        wLambda = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(lambda, this);
+        wArg = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(lambda, this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
+    protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitCallToIsMethod(RedirectingTypeDecl declWithConstraints, Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      if (!GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
+
+      if (declWithConstraints is SubsetTypeDecl subsetTypeDecl) {
+        // Since this type becomes a type synonym at run-time, we simply inline the condition
+        // We put it as a IIFE
+        var constraint = subsetTypeDecl.Constraint;
+
+        var statementBuf = new NoStatementBuffer();
+        ConcreteSyntaxTree sNoStmt = new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(statementBuf, this);
+        CreateIIFE(GetCompileNameNotProtected(subsetTypeDecl.Var), subsetTypeDecl.Var.Type, subsetTypeDecl.Var.tok,
+        Type.Bool, constraint.tok, wr, ref sNoStmt, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wrRhs, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wrBody);
+        if (!GetExprBuilder(wrBody, out var wrBodyBuilder)) {
+          throw new InvalidOperationException();
+        }
+        wrBodyBuilder.Builder.AddExpr(ConvertExpression(constraint, sNoStmt));
+        return wrRhs;
+      }
+
+      var signature = Sequence<_IFormal>.FromArray(new[] {
+        new DAST.Formal(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_dummy_"), GenType(type), Sequence<DAST.Attribute>.Empty)
+      });
+      var c = builder.Builder.Call(signature);
+      c.SetName((DAST.CallName)DAST.CallName.create_CallName(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("is"),
+        Option<_IType>.create_None(), Option<_IFormal>.create_None(), false, signature));
+      var wrc = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(c, this);
+      EmitTypeName_Companion(type, wrc,
+        wr, declWithConstraints.tok, null);
+      return wrc;
+    }
+
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitAnd(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> lhs, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         var binOp = builder.Builder.BinOp((DAST.BinOp)DAST.BinOp.create_Passthrough(
           Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&&")
         ));
-        lhs(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(binOp));
+        lhs(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(binOp, this));
+
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(binOp, this);
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
+    }
+
+    protected override void EmitArrayIndexToInt(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wIndex) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        var binOp = builder.Builder.Wrapper((DAST.Expression nativeArrayIndex) =>
+          (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_ArrayIndexToInt(nativeArrayIndex));
+        wIndex = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(binOp, this);
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
+    }
 
-        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(binOp);
+    protected override void EmitArrayFinalize(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wrArray, Type type) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        var binOp = builder.Builder.Wrapper((DAST.Expression arrayPointer) =>
+          (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_FinalizeNewArray(arrayPointer, GenType(type)));
+        wrArray = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(binOp, this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
       }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitBoolBoundedPool(bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> exprBuilder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var exprBuilder)) {
         exprBuilder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_BoolBoundedPool());
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
@@ -1852,20 +2402,17 @@ protected override void EmitBoolBoundedPool(bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTr
     }
 
     protected override void EmitCharBoundedPool(bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>EmitCharBoundedPool</i>");
     }
 
     protected override void EmitWiggleWaggleBoundedPool(bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>EmitWiggleWaggleBoundedPool</i>");
     }
 
     protected override void EmitSetBoundedPool(Expression of, string propertySuffix, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> exprBuilder) {
-        var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        EmitExpr(of, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf), wStmts);
-
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var exprBuilder, out var convert)) {
         exprBuilder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_SetBoundedPool(
-          buf.Finish()
+          convert(of)
         ));
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
@@ -1873,24 +2420,27 @@ protected override void EmitSetBoundedPool(Expression of, string propertySuffix,
     }
 
     protected override void EmitMultiSetBoundedPool(Expression of, bool includeDuplicates, string propertySuffix, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>EmitMultiSetBoundedPool</i>");
     }
 
     protected override void EmitSubSetBoundedPool(Expression of, string propertySuffix, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>EmitSubSetBoundedPool</i>");
     }
 
     protected override void EmitMapBoundedPool(Expression map, string propertySuffix, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var exprBuilder, out var convert)) {
+        exprBuilder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_MapBoundedPool(
+          convert(map)
+        ));
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitSeqBoundedPool(Expression of, bool includeDuplicates, string propertySuffix, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> exprBuilder) {
-        var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        EmitExpr(of, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf), wStmts);
-
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var exprBuilder, out var convert)) {
         exprBuilder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_SeqBoundedPool(
-          buf.Finish(),
+          convert(of),
           includeDuplicates
         ));
       } else {
@@ -1899,15 +2449,29 @@ protected override void EmitSeqBoundedPool(Expression of, bool includeDuplicates
     }
 
     protected override void EmitDatatypeBoundedPool(IVariable bv, string propertySuffix, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var exprBuilder, out var convert)) {
+        if (bv.Type.IsDatatype && bv.Type.AsDatatype is { } datatypeDecl) {
+
+          var signature = Sequence<_IFormal>.FromArray(new _IFormal[] { });
+          var c = exprBuilder.Builder.Call(signature);
+          c.SetName((DAST.CallName)DAST.CallName.create_CallName(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_AllSingletonConstructors"),
+            Option<_IType>.create_None(), Option<_IFormal>.create_None(), false, signature));
+          var wrc = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(c, this);
+          EmitTypeName_Companion(bv.Type, wrc, wr, bv.Tok, null);
+        } else {
+          throw new InvalidOperationException("Datatype Bounded pool on non-datatype value");
+        }
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
     }
 
     protected override void CreateIIFE(string bvName, Type bvType, IToken bvTok, Type bodyType, IToken bodyTok,
       ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ref ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wrRhs, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wrBody) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         var iife = builder.Builder.IIFE(bvName, GenType(bvType));
-        wrRhs = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(iife.RhsBuilder());
-        wrBody = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(iife);
+        wrRhs = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(iife.RhsBuilder(), this);
+        wrBody = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(iife, this);
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException("Invalid context for IIFE: " + wr.GetType());
       }
@@ -1930,40 +2494,56 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateIIFE1(int source, Type resultType, I
     }
 
     protected override void EmitUnaryExpr(ResolvedUnaryOp op, Expression expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> container) {
-        var buf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        EmitExpr(expr, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buf), wStmts);
-
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var container, out var convert)) {
         switch (op) {
           case ResolvedUnaryOp.BoolNot: {
               container.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_UnOp(
                 UnaryOp.create_Not(),
-                buf.Finish()
+                convert(expr),
+                new UnaryOpFormat_NoFormat()
               ));
               break;
             }
           case ResolvedUnaryOp.BitwiseNot: {
               container.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_UnOp(
                 UnaryOp.create_BitwiseNot(),
-                buf.Finish()
+                convert(expr),
+                new UnaryOpFormat_NoFormat()
               ));
               break;
             }
           case ResolvedUnaryOp.Cardinality: {
               container.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_UnOp(
                 UnaryOp.create_Cardinality(),
-                buf.Finish()
+                convert(expr),
+                new UnaryOpFormat_NoFormat()
               ));
               break;
             }
         }
       } else {
-        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+        AddUnsupported("<i>UnaryExpr " + op + " without expr container</i>");
       }
     }
 
+    // A few helpers to reduce the size of expressions
+    private static DAST.Expression Not(_IExpression expr, bool mergeInner = true) {
+      return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_UnOp(
+        new UnaryOp_Not(),
+        (DAST.Expression)expr,
+        mergeInner ? new UnaryOpFormat_CombineFormat() : new UnaryOpFormat_NoFormat());
+    }
+
+    private static DAST.Expression BinaryOp(_IBinOp op, _IExpression left, _IExpression right, _IBinaryOpFormat format = null) {
+      format ??= new BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat();
+
+      return (DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_BinOp(
+        op, left, right, format
+      );
+    }
+
     protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
-      Expression e0, Expression e1, IToken tok, Type resultType,
+      Type e0Type, Type e1Type, IToken tok, Type resultType,
       out string opString,
       out string preOpString,
       out string postOpString,
@@ -2031,33 +2611,169 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MapSubtraction => "-",
           BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.ProperPrefix => "<=",
           BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Prefix => "<",
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NeqCommon => "!=",
           _ => null
         };
 
-        var opAst = op switch {
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.EqCommon => DAST.BinOp.create_Eq(
-            e0.Type.IsRefType,
-            !e0.Type.IsNonNullRefType
-          ),
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NeqCommon => DAST.BinOp.create_Neq(
-            e0.Type.IsRefType,
-            !e0.Type.IsNonNullRefType
-          ),
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Div => NeedsEuclideanDivision(resultType) ? DAST.BinOp.create_EuclidianDiv() : DAST.BinOp.create_Div(),
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Mod => NeedsEuclideanDivision(resultType) ? DAST.BinOp.create_EuclidianMod() : DAST.BinOp.create_Mod(),
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Imp => DAST.BinOp.create_Implies(),
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InSet => DAST.BinOp.create_In(),
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InSeq => DAST.BinOp.create_In(),
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NotInSet => DAST.BinOp.create_NotIn(),
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NotInSeq => DAST.BinOp.create_NotIn(),
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.SetDifference => DAST.BinOp.create_SetDifference(),
-          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Concat => DAST.BinOp.create_Concat(),
-          _ => DAST.BinOp.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(opString)),
+        object B(_IBinOp binOp) {
+          return builder.Builder.BinOp((DAST.BinOp)binOp);
+        }
+
+        var opStringClosure = opString;
+        object C(System.Func<DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression> callback) {
+          return builder.Builder.BinOp(opStringClosure, callback);
+        }
+
+        var newBuilder = op switch {
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.EqCommon => B((BinOp)BinOp.create_Eq(
+            e0Type.IsRefType
+          )),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.SetEq => B((BinOp)BinOp.create_Eq(false)),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MapEq => B((BinOp)BinOp.create_Eq(false)),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.SeqEq => B((BinOp)BinOp.create_Eq(false)),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSetEq => B((BinOp)BinOp.create_Eq(false)),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NeqCommon => C((left, right) =>
+            Not(BinaryOp(
+              BinOp.create_Eq(
+                e0Type.IsRefType
+              ), left, right))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.SetNeq => C((left, right) =>
+            Not(BinaryOp(BinOp.create_Eq(false), left, right))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.SeqNeq => C((left, right) =>
+            Not(BinaryOp(BinOp.create_Eq(false), left, right))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MapNeq => C((left, right) =>
+            Not(BinaryOp(BinOp.create_Eq(false), left, right))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSetNeq => C((left, right) =>
+            Not(BinaryOp(BinOp.create_Eq(false), left, right))),
+
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Div =>
+            B(NeedsEuclideanDivision(resultType) ? BinOp.create_EuclidianDiv() : BinOp.create_Div()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Mod =>
+            B(NeedsEuclideanDivision(resultType) ? BinOp.create_EuclidianMod() : BinOp.create_Mod()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Imp =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              BinaryOp(
+                DAST.BinOp.create_Or(),
+                Not(left, false), right, new BinaryOpFormat_ImpliesFormat()
+              )),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Iff =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              BinaryOp(
+                BinOp.create_Eq(false),
+                left, right, new BinaryOpFormat_EquivalenceFormat()
+              )),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InSet => B(DAST.BinOp.create_In()), // TODO: Differentiate?
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InSeq => B(DAST.BinOp.create_In()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InMap => B(DAST.BinOp.create_In()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InMultiSet => B(DAST.BinOp.create_In()),
+
+
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Union =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_SetMerge()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.SetDifference =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_SetSubtraction()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Intersection =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_SetIntersection()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Disjoint =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_SetDisjoint()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.ProperSubset =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_ProperSubset()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Subset =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_Subset()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Superset =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              BinaryOp(new BinOp_Subset(), right, left,
+                new BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat())),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.ProperSuperset =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              BinaryOp(new BinOp_ProperSubset(), right, left,
+                new BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat())),
+
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSetUnion =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_MultisetMerge()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSetDifference =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_MultisetSubtraction()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSetIntersection =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_MultisetIntersection()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSetDisjoint =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_MultisetDisjoint()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.ProperMultiSubset =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_ProperSubmultiset()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSubset =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_Submultiset()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSuperset =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              BinaryOp(new BinOp_Submultiset(), right, left,
+                new BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat())),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.ProperMultiSuperset =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              BinaryOp(new BinOp_ProperSubmultiset(), right, left,
+                new BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat())),
+
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MapMerge =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_MapMerge()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MapSubtraction =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_MapSubtraction()),
+
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.ProperPrefix =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_SeqProperPrefix()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Prefix =>
+            B(DAST.BinOp.create_SeqPrefix()),
+
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NotInMap =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              Not(BinaryOp(new BinOp_In(), left, right))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NotInSet =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              Not(BinaryOp(new BinOp_In(), left, right))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NotInSeq =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              Not(BinaryOp(new BinOp_In(), left, right))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NotInMultiSet =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              Not(BinaryOp(new BinOp_In(), left, right))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Concat => B(BinOp.create_Concat()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.And => B(BinOp.create_And()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Or => B(BinOp.create_Or()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Add => B(BinOp.create_Plus()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Sub => B(BinOp.create_Minus()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Mul => B(BinOp.create_Times()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.BitwiseAnd => B(BinOp.create_BitwiseAnd()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.BitwiseOr => B(BinOp.create_BitwiseOr()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.BitwiseXor => B(BinOp.create_BitwiseXor()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.LeftShift => B(BinOp.create_BitwiseShiftLeft()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.RightShift => B(BinOp.create_BitwiseShiftRight()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Lt =>
+            B(BinOp.create_Lt()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.LtChar =>
+            B(BinOp.create_LtChar()),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Le =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              Not(BinaryOp(new BinOp_Lt(), right, left,
+                new BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat()))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.LeChar =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              Not(BinaryOp(new BinOp_LtChar(), right, left,
+                new BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat()))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Gt =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              BinaryOp(new BinOp_Lt(), right, left, new BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat())),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.GtChar =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              BinaryOp(new BinOp_LtChar(), right, left, new BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat())),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Ge =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              Not(BinaryOp(new BinOp_Lt(), left, right))),
+          BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.GeChar =>
+            C((left, right) =>
+              Not(BinaryOp(new BinOp_LtChar(), left, right))),
+
+          _ => B(DAST.BinOp.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString($"<b>Unsupported: <i>Operator {op}</i></b>"))),
         };
 
         opString = "";
 
-        currentBuilder = builder.Builder.BinOp((DAST.BinOp)opAst);
+        currentBuilder = newBuilder;
         // cleaned up by EmitExpr
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
@@ -2065,17 +2781,11 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
     }
 
     protected override void EmitITE(Expression guard, Expression thn, Expression els, Type resultType, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
-        var guardBuffer = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        var thnBuffer = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        var elsBuffer = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        EmitExpr(guard, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(guardBuffer), wStmts);
-        EmitExpr(thn, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(thnBuffer), wStmts);
-        EmitExpr(els, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(elsBuffer), wStmts);
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
         builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Ite(
-          guardBuffer.Finish(),
-          thnBuffer.Finish(),
-          elsBuffer.Finish()
+          convert(guard),
+          convert(thn),
+          convert(els)
         ));
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
@@ -2083,18 +2793,18 @@ protected override void EmitITE(Expression guard, Expression thn, Expression els
     }
 
     protected override void EmitIsZero(string varName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>EmitIsZero</i>");
     }
 
     protected override void EmitConversionExpr(Expression fromExpr, Type fromType, Type toType, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         if (toType.Equals(fromType)) {
           EmitExpr(fromExpr, inLetExprBody, builder, wStmts);
         } else {
           EmitExpr(fromExpr, inLetExprBody, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(builder.Builder.Convert(
             GenType(fromType),
             GenType(toType)
-          )), wStmts);
+          ), this), wStmts);
         }
       } else {
         throw new InvalidOperationException();
@@ -2102,7 +2812,7 @@ protected override void EmitConversionExpr(Expression fromExpr, Type fromType, T
     }
 
     protected override void EmitConstructorCheck(string source, DatatypeCtor ctor, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
         builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_TypeTest(
           DAST.Expression.create_Ident(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(source)),
           PathFromTopLevel(ctor.EnclosingDatatype),
@@ -2114,7 +2824,15 @@ protected override void EmitConstructorCheck(string source, DatatypeCtor ctor, C
     }
 
     protected override void EmitTypeTest(string localName, Type fromType, Type toType, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(tok, Feature.TypeTests);
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Is(
+          DAST.Expression.create_Ident(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(localName)),
+          GenType(fromType),
+          GenType(toType)
+        ));
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitIsIntegerTest(Expression source, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
@@ -2131,45 +2849,38 @@ protected override void EmitIsInIntegerRange(Expression source, BigInteger lo, B
 
     protected override void EmitCollectionDisplay(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, List<Expression> elements,
       bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
-        var elementsAST = new List<DAST.Expression>();
-        foreach (var e in elements) {
-          var buffer = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          EmitExpr(e, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buffer), wStmts);
-          elementsAST.Add(buffer.Finish());
-        }
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
+        var elementsAST = elements.Select(convert).ToArray();
 
         if (ct is SetType set) {
           builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_SetValue(
-            Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(elementsAST.ToArray())
+            Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(elementsAST)
           ));
         } else if (ct is MultiSetType multiSet) {
-          ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+          builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_MultisetValue(
+            Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(elementsAST)
+          ));
         } else if (ct is SeqType seq) {
           builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_SeqValue(
-            Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(elementsAST.ToArray()),
+            Sequence<DAST.Expression>.FromArray(elementsAST),
             GenType(ct.TypeArgs[0])
           ));
         } else {
           throw new InvalidOperationException();
         }
       } else {
-        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();//TODO
       }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitMapDisplay(MapType mt, IToken tok, List<ExpressionPair> elements, bool inLetExprBody,
       ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var converter)) {
         var elementsAST = new List<_System.Tuple2<DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression>>();
         foreach (var e in elements) {
-          var buffer0 = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          EmitExpr(e.A, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buffer0), wStmts);
-          var buffer1 = new ExprBuffer(null);
-          EmitExpr(e.B, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buffer1), wStmts);
           elementsAST.Add((_System.Tuple2<DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression>)_System.Tuple2<DAST.Expression, DAST.Expression>.create(
-            buffer0.Finish(),
-            buffer1.Finish()
+            converter(e.A),
+            converter(e.B)
           ));
         }
 
@@ -2182,25 +2893,99 @@ protected override void EmitMapDisplay(MapType mt, IToken tok, List<ExpressionPa
     }
 
     protected override void EmitSetBuilder_New(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, SetComprehension e, string collectionName) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      if (GetStatementBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        var eType = e.Type.AsSetType;
+        if (eType == null) {// dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollections
+          throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(e.tok, Feature.NonNativeNewtypes);
+        }
+        var elemType = GenType(eType.Arg);
+        var setBuilderType = DAST.Type.create_SetBuilder(elemType);
+        builder.Builder.AddStatement(
+          (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_DeclareVar(
+            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(collectionName),
+            setBuilderType,
+            Option<_IExpression>.create_Some(
+              DAST.Expression.create_SetBuilder(elemType)
+            )
+          ));
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
     }
 
     protected override void EmitMapBuilder_New(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, MapComprehension e, string collectionName) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      if (GetStatementBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        var eType = e.Type.AsMapType;
+        var keyType = GenType(eType.Domain);
+        var valueType = GenType(eType.Range);
+        var mapType = DAST.Type.create_MapBuilder(keyType, valueType);
+        builder.Builder.AddStatement(
+          (DAST.Statement)DAST.Statement.create_DeclareVar(
+            Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(collectionName),
+            mapType,
+            Option<_IExpression>.create_Some(
+              DAST.Expression.create_MapBuilder(keyType, valueType)
+              )
+            ));
+      } else {
+        AddUnsupported("<i>EmitMapBuilder_New (non-statement)</i>");
+      }
+      //throw new InvalidOperationException();
     }
 
     protected override void EmitSetBuilder_Add(CollectionType ct, string collName, Expression elmt, bool inLetExprBody,
         ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      if (GetStatementBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        var stmtBuilder = new CallStmtBuilder(Sequence<_IFormal>.Empty);
+        stmtBuilder.SetName((DAST.CallName)DAST.CallName.create_SetBuilderAdd());
+        stmtBuilder.SetTypeArgs(new List<DAST.Type> { });
+        stmtBuilder.SetOuts(new List<ISequence<Rune>> { }); ;
+        stmtBuilder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Ident(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(collName)));
+        stmtBuilder.AddExpr(ConvertExpression(elmt, builder));
+        builder.Builder.AddBuildable(stmtBuilder);
+      } else {
+        AddUnsupported("<i>EmitSetBuilder_Add</i>");
+      }
+      //throw new InvalidOperationException();
+    }
+
+    // Normally wStmt is a BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer> but it might not while the compiler is being developed
+    private DAST.Expression ConvertExpression(Expression term, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmt) {
+      var buffer0 = new ExprBuffer(null);
+      EmitExpr(term, false, new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buffer0, this), wStmt);
+      return buffer0.Finish();
+    }
+
+    private DAST.Expression ConvertExpressionNoStatement(Expression term) {
+      var statementBuf = new NoStatementBuffer();
+      var sNoStmt = new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(statementBuf, this);
+      return ConvertExpression(term, sNoStmt);
+    }
+
+    private BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> CreateExprBuilder() {
+      var exprBuffer = new ExprBuffer(null);
+      var exprBuilder = new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(exprBuffer, this);
+      return exprBuilder;
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitMapBuilder_Add(MapType mt, IToken tok, string collName, Expression term,
         bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      if (GetStatementBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        var stmtBuilder = new CallStmtBuilder(Sequence<_IFormal>.Empty);
+        stmtBuilder.SetName((DAST.CallName)DAST.CallName.create_MapBuilderAdd());
+        stmtBuilder.SetTypeArgs(new List<DAST.Type> { });
+        stmtBuilder.SetOuts(new List<ISequence<Rune>> { }); ;
+        stmtBuilder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Ident(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(collName)));
+        var keyBuilder = CreateExprBuilder();
+        stmtBuilder.AddBuildable((ExprBuffer)keyBuilder.Builder);
+        stmtBuilder.AddExpr(ConvertExpression(term, builder));
+        builder.Builder.AddBuildable(stmtBuilder);
+        return keyBuilder;
+      } else {
+        AddUnsupported("<i>EMitMapBuilder_Add</i>");
+        var buffer1 = new ExprBuffer(null);
+        return new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(buffer1, this);
+      }
     }
 
     protected override Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> GetSubtypeCondition(string tmpVarName, Type boundVarType, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wPreconditions) {
@@ -2212,21 +2997,22 @@ protected override Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> GetSubtypeCondition(string tmpVarN
           baseExpr = DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_BoolLiteral(true));
         } else {
           // typeTest = $"{tmpVarName} instanceof {TypeName(boundVarType, wPreconditions, tok)}";
-          ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-          throw new InvalidOperationException();
+          AddUnsupported("<i>TypeName</i>");
+          return (ConcreteSyntaxTree w) => { };
         }
 
         if (boundVarType.IsNonNullRefType) {
           typeTest = wr => {
-            if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+            if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
               builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_BinOp(
                 DAST.BinOp.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&&")),
                 DAST.Expression.create_BinOp(
                   DAST.BinOp.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!=")),
                   DAST.Expression.create_Ident(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(tmpVarName)),
-                  DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_Null(GenType(boundVarType)))
-                ),
-                baseExpr
+                  DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_Null(GenType(boundVarType))),
+                  new BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat()),
+                baseExpr,
+                new BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat()
               ));
             } else {
               throw new InvalidOperationException();
@@ -2234,15 +3020,17 @@ protected override Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> GetSubtypeCondition(string tmpVarN
           };
         } else {
           typeTest = wr => {
-            if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+            if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
               builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_BinOp(
                 DAST.BinOp.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("||")),
                 DAST.Expression.create_BinOp(
                   DAST.BinOp.create_Passthrough(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString("==")),
                   DAST.Expression.create_Ident(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(tmpVarName)),
-                  DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_Null(GenType(boundVarType)))
+                  DAST.Expression.create_Literal(DAST.Literal.create_Null(GenType(boundVarType))),
+                  new BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat()
                 ),
-                baseExpr
+                baseExpr,
+                new BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat()
               ));
             } else {
               throw new InvalidOperationException();
@@ -2256,9 +3044,23 @@ protected override Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> GetSubtypeCondition(string tmpVarN
       return typeTest;
     }
 
-    protected override string GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
-      throw new InvalidOperationException();
+    protected override void GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmt) {
+      if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
+        var callExpr = new CallExprBuilder(Sequence<_IFormal>.Empty);
+        if (ct.IsMapType) {
+          callExpr.SetName((DAST.CallName)DAST.CallName.create_MapBuilderBuild());
+        } else {
+          callExpr.SetName((DAST.CallName)DAST.CallName.create_SetBuilderBuild());
+        }
+
+        callExpr.SetTypeArgs(new List<DAST.Type> { });
+        callExpr.SetOuts(new List<ISequence<Rune>> { }); ;
+        callExpr.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_Ident(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(collName)));
+        builder.Builder.AddBuildable(callExpr);
+      } else {
+        AddUnsupported("<i>GetCollectionBuilder_Build</i>");
+      }
     }
 
     protected override (Type, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree>) EmitIntegerRange(Type type, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> wLo, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> wHi) {
@@ -2271,14 +3073,16 @@ protected override (Type, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree>) EmitIntegerRange(Type type
 
       return (result, (wr) => {
         var loBuf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        wLo(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(loBuf));
+        wLo(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(loBuf, this));
         var hiBuf = new ExprBuffer(null);
-        wHi(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(hiBuf));
+        wHi(new BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer>(hiBuf, this));
 
-        if (wr is BuilderSyntaxTree<ExprContainer> builder) {
+        if (GetExprBuilder(wr, out var builder)) {
           builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_IntRange(
+            GenType(result),
             loBuf.Finish(),
-            hiBuf.Finish()
+            hiBuf.Finish(),
+            true
           ));
         } else {
           throw new InvalidOperationException();
@@ -2288,17 +3092,45 @@ protected override (Type, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree>) EmitIntegerRange(Type type
     }
 
     protected override void EmitNull(Type _, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      AddUnsupported("<i>EmitNull</i>");
     }
 
     protected override void EmitSingleValueGenerator(Expression e, bool inLetExprBody, string type,
       ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(Token.NoToken, Feature.ExactBoundedPool);
+      if (GetExprConverter(wr, wStmts, out var builder, out var convert)) {
+        var eBuild = convert(e);
+        builder.Builder.AddExpr((DAST.Expression)DAST.Expression.create_ExactBoundedPool(eBuild));
+      } else {
+        throw new InvalidOperationException();
+      }
+    }
+
+    protected override void OrganizeModules(Program program, out List<ModuleDefinition> modules) {
+      modules = program.CompileModules.ToList();
+      modules.Sort((a, b) =>
+        String.Compare(a.FullDafnyName, b.FullDafnyName, StringComparison.Ordinal));
     }
 
     protected override void EmitHaltRecoveryStmt(Statement body, string haltMessageVarName, Statement recoveryBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      ThrowGeneralUnsupported();
+      TrStmt(body, wr);
+    }
+
+    protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree GetNullClassConcreteSyntaxTree() {
+      return new BuilderSyntaxTree<StatementContainer>(new StatementBuffer(), this);
     }
 
+    protected override void EmitNestedMatchExpr(NestedMatchExpr match, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree output,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
+      EmitExpr(match.Flattened, inLetExprBody, output, wStmts);
+    }
+
+    protected override void TrOptNestedMatchExpr(NestedMatchExpr match, Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts,
+      bool inLetExprBody, IVariable accumulatorVar, OptimizedExpressionContinuation continuation) {
+      TrExprOpt(match.Flattened, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
+    }
+
+    protected override void EmitNestedMatchStmt(NestedMatchStmt match, ConcreteSyntaxTree writer) {
+      TrStmt(match.Flattened, writer);
+    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/DafnyExecutableBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/DafnyExecutableBackend.cs
index d35b2877cb2..00efe28dca5 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/DafnyExecutableBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/DafnyExecutableBackend.cs
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
-using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
-using System.Diagnostics;
-using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using Dafny;
@@ -11,14 +8,22 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 public abstract class DafnyExecutableBackend : ExecutableBackend {
 
+  protected virtual bool PreventShadowing => true;
+  protected virtual bool CanEmitUncompilableCode => true;
+  public override bool SupportsDatatypeWrapperErasure => false;
+
+  protected virtual string InternalFieldPrefix => "_i_";
+
   protected DafnyWrittenCodeGenerator DafnyCodeGenerator;
 
+  public List<string> ImportedFiles = new();
+
   protected DafnyExecutableBackend(DafnyOptions options) : base(options) {
   }
 
   protected override SinglePassCodeGenerator CreateCodeGenerator() {
     // becomes this.compiler
-    return new DafnyCodeGenerator(Options, Reporter);
+    return new DafnyCodeGenerator(Options, Reporter, InternalFieldPrefix, PreventShadowing, CanEmitUncompilableCode);
   }
 
   protected abstract DafnyWrittenCodeGenerator CreateDafnyWrittenCompiler();
@@ -28,14 +33,34 @@ public override void OnPreCompile(ErrorReporter reporter, ReadOnlyCollection<str
     DafnyCodeGenerator = CreateDafnyWrittenCompiler();
   }
 
-  public override void Compile(Program dafnyProgram, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
+  // Returns a mapping from source files without extension to pathless target file.
+  // Values of this dictionary are provided as the second argument to the Compile method
+  // Should ensures all values are different
+  public virtual Dictionary<string, string> ImportFilesMapping(string dafnyProgramName) {
+    Dictionary<string, string> importedFilesMapping = new();
+    return importedFilesMapping;
+  }
+
+  public IEnumerable<string> ImportFiles(string dafnyProgramName) {
+    var result = ImportFilesMapping(dafnyProgramName).Values.ToList();
+    result.Sort();
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  public override void Compile(Program dafnyProgram, string dafnyProgramName, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
+    ProcessTranslationRecords(dafnyProgram, dafnyProgramName, output);
     CheckInstantiationReplaceableModules(dafnyProgram);
     ProcessOuterModules(dafnyProgram);
+
     ((DafnyCodeGenerator)codeGenerator).Start();
     codeGenerator.Compile(dafnyProgram, new ConcreteSyntaxTree());
     var dast = ((DafnyCodeGenerator)codeGenerator).Build();
-    var o = DafnyCodeGenerator.Compile((Sequence<DAST.Module>)Sequence<DAST.Module>.FromArray(dast.ToArray()));
-    output.Write(o.ToVerbatimString(false));
+    DafnyCodeGenerator.Compile(
+      (Sequence<DAST.Module>)Sequence<DAST.Module>.FromArray(dast.ToArray()),
+      (Sequence<ISequence<Rune>>)Sequence<ISequence<Rune>>.FromArray(
+        ImportFiles(dafnyProgramName).Select(fileName =>
+          Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(Path.GetFileName(fileName))).ToArray()
+      ), output);
   }
 
   public override void EmitCallToMain(Method mainMethod, string baseName, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/DafnyWrittenCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/DafnyWrittenCodeGenerator.cs
index 63c88d5d870..ba6d3b79dfe 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/DafnyWrittenCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/DafnyWrittenCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers {
 
   public abstract class DafnyWrittenCodeGenerator {
 
-    public abstract ISequence<Rune> Compile(Sequence<DAST.Module> program);
+    public abstract void Compile(Sequence<DAST.Module> program, Sequence<ISequence<Rune>> otherFiles, ConcreteSyntaxTree w);
 
     public abstract ISequence<Rune> EmitCallToMain(string fullName);
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ExecutableBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ExecutableBackend.cs
index cd4c50a8a1a..78aba798902 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ExecutableBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ExecutableBackend.cs
@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins;
 
@@ -25,12 +27,33 @@ protected ExecutableBackend(DafnyOptions options) : base(options) {
 
   public override string ModuleSeparator => CodeGenerator.ModuleSeparator;
 
-  public override void Compile(Program dafnyProgram, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
+  public override void Compile(Program dafnyProgram, string dafnyProgramName, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
+    ProcessTranslationRecords(dafnyProgram, dafnyProgramName, output);
     CheckInstantiationReplaceableModules(dafnyProgram);
     ProcessOuterModules(dafnyProgram);
+
     CodeGenerator.Compile(dafnyProgram, output);
   }
 
+  protected void ProcessTranslationRecords(Program dafnyProgram, string dafnyProgramName, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
+    // Process --translation-record options, since translation may need that data to translate correctly.
+    dafnyProgram.Compilation.AlreadyTranslatedRecord = TranslationRecord.Empty(dafnyProgram);
+    var records = dafnyProgram.Options.Get(TranslationRecords);
+    if (records != null) {
+      foreach (var path in records) {
+        TranslationRecord.ReadValidateAndMerge(dafnyProgram, path.FullName, Token.Cli);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Write out the translation record for THIS translation before compiling,
+    // in case the compilation process mutates the program.
+    var translationRecord = new TranslationRecord(dafnyProgram);
+    var baseName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(dafnyProgramName);
+    var dtrFilePath = dafnyProgram.Options.Get(TranslationRecordOutput)?.FullName ?? $"{baseName}-{TargetId}.dtr";
+    var dtrWriter = output.NewFile(dtrFilePath);
+    translationRecord.Write(dtrWriter);
+  }
+
   protected void CheckInstantiationReplaceableModules(Program dafnyProgram) {
     foreach (var compiledModule in dafnyProgram.Modules()) {
       if (compiledModule.Implements is { Kind: ImplementationKind.Replacement }) {
@@ -50,17 +73,27 @@ protected void CheckInstantiationReplaceableModules(Program dafnyProgram) {
   }
 
   protected void ProcessOuterModules(Program dafnyProgram) {
-    var outerModules = GetOuterModules();
-    ModuleDefinition rootUserModule = null;
-    foreach (var outerModule in outerModules) {
-      var newRoot = new ModuleDefinition(RangeToken.NoToken, new Name(outerModule), new List<IToken>(),
-        ModuleKindEnum.Concrete, false,
-        null, null, null);
-      newRoot.EnclosingModule = rootUserModule;
-      rootUserModule = newRoot;
+    // Apply the --outer-module option from any translation records for libraries,
+    // but only to top-level modules.
+    var outerModules = new Dictionary<string, ModuleDefinition>();
+    foreach (var module in dafnyProgram.CompileModules) {
+      if (module.EnclosingModule is not DefaultModuleDefinition) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      var recordedOuterModuleName = (string)dafnyProgram.Compilation.AlreadyTranslatedRecord.Get(null, module.FullDafnyName, OuterModule);
+      if (recordedOuterModuleName == null) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      var outerModule = outerModules.GetOrCreate(recordedOuterModuleName, () => CreateOuterModule(recordedOuterModuleName));
+      module.EnclosingModule = outerModule;
     }
 
-    if (rootUserModule != null) {
+    // Apply the local --output-module option if there is one
+    var outerModuleName = Options.Get(OuterModule);
+    if (outerModuleName != null) {
+      var rootUserModule = outerModules.GetOrCreate(outerModuleName, () => CreateOuterModule(outerModuleName));
       dafnyProgram.DefaultModuleDef.NameNode = rootUserModule.NameNode;
       dafnyProgram.DefaultModuleDef.EnclosingModule = rootUserModule.EnclosingModule;
     }
@@ -70,6 +103,22 @@ protected void ProcessOuterModules(Program dafnyProgram) {
     }
   }
 
+  private static ModuleDefinition CreateOuterModule(string moduleName) {
+    var outerModules = moduleName.Split(".");
+
+    ModuleDefinition module = null;
+    foreach (var outerModule in outerModules) {
+      var thisModule = new ModuleDefinition(RangeToken.NoToken, new Name(outerModule), new List<IToken>(),
+        ModuleKindEnum.Concrete, false,
+        null, null, null) {
+        EnclosingModule = module
+      };
+      module = thisModule;
+    }
+
+    return module;
+  }
+
   public override void OnPreCompile(ErrorReporter reporter, ReadOnlyCollection<string> otherFileNames) {
     base.OnPreCompile(reporter, otherFileNames);
     codeGenerator = CreateCodeGenerator();
@@ -116,15 +165,23 @@ public Task<int> RunProcess(ProcessStartInfo psi,
     TextWriter outputWriter,
     TextWriter errorWriter,
     string errorMessage = null) {
+    if (OutputWriterEncoding != null) {
+      psi.StandardOutputEncoding = OutputWriterEncoding;
+    }
+
     return StartProcess(psi, outputWriter) is { } process ?
       WaitForExit(process, outputWriter, errorWriter, errorMessage) : Task.FromResult(-1);
   }
 
+  public virtual Encoding OutputWriterEncoding => null;
+
   public async Task<int> WaitForExit(Process process, TextWriter outputWriter, TextWriter errorWriter, string errorMessage = null) {
 
-    await PassthroughBuffer(process.StandardError, errorWriter);
-    await PassthroughBuffer(process.StandardOutput, outputWriter);
+    var errorTask = PassthroughBuffer(process.StandardError, errorWriter);
+    var outputTask = PassthroughBuffer(process.StandardOutput, outputWriter);
     await process.WaitForExitAsync();
+    await errorTask;
+    await outputTask;
     if (process.ExitCode != 0 && errorMessage != null) {
       await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"{errorMessage} Process exited with exit code {process.ExitCode}");
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/GoLang/GoBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/GoLang/GoBackend.cs
index 2b67b0c83c9..7ef9f0dedff 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/GoLang/GoBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/GoLang/GoBackend.cs
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
+using System.CommandLine;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -16,12 +18,37 @@ public class GoBackend : ExecutableBackend {
   public override string TargetName => "Go";
   public override bool IsStable => true;
   public override string TargetExtension => "go";
-  public override string TargetBaseDir(string dafnyProgramName) =>
-    $"{Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(dafnyProgramName)}-go/src";
+
+  public override string TargetBaseDir(string dafnyProgramName) {
+    var topLevelDir = $"{Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(dafnyProgramName)}-go";
+    if (GoModuleMode) {
+      return topLevelDir;
+    }
+
+    return $"{topLevelDir}/src";
+  }
 
   public override bool SupportsInMemoryCompilation => false;
   public override bool TextualTargetIsExecutable => false;
+
+  public bool GoModuleMode { get; set; } = true;
+  public string GoModuleName;
+
+  public static readonly Option<string> GoModuleNameCliOption = new("--go-module-name",
+    @"This Option is used to specify the Go Module Name for the translated code".TrimStart()) {
+  };
+  public override IEnumerable<Option<string>> SupportedOptions => new List<Option<string>> { GoModuleNameCliOption };
+
+  static GoBackend() {
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(GoModuleNameCliOption, OptionScope.Translation);
+  }
+
   protected override SinglePassCodeGenerator CreateCodeGenerator() {
+    var goModuleName = Options.Get(GoModuleNameCliOption);
+    GoModuleMode = goModuleName != null;
+    if (GoModuleMode) {
+      GoModuleName = goModuleName;
+    }
     return new GoCodeGenerator(Options, Reporter);
   }
 
@@ -89,6 +116,15 @@ private async Task<bool> SendToNewGoProcess(string dafnyProgramName, string targ
       }
     }
 
+    // Dafny used to compile to the old Go package system only, but Go has moved on to a module
+    // system. Although compiler has moved to new system, it still doesn't generate the go.mod file which
+    // is required by go run. It also supports backwards compatability with GOPATH hence those env variables
+    // are still being used while running in GOPATH mode.
+    if (GoModuleMode) {
+      Reporter.Info(MessageSource.Compiler, Token.Cli, "go build/run skipped in Go Module Mode");
+      return true;
+    }
+
     List<string> goArgs = new();
     if (run) {
       goArgs.Add("run");
@@ -114,6 +150,7 @@ private async Task<bool> SendToNewGoProcess(string dafnyProgramName, string targ
         }
         output = Path.ChangeExtension(dafnyProgramName, extension);
       } else {
+        // This is used when there is no main method but user has invoked dafny run.
         switch (Environment.OSVersion.Platform) {
           case PlatformID.Unix:
           case PlatformID.MacOSX:
@@ -137,8 +174,6 @@ private async Task<bool> SendToNewGoProcess(string dafnyProgramName, string targ
     var psi = PrepareProcessStartInfo("go", goArgs);
 
     psi.EnvironmentVariables["GOPATH"] = GoPath(targetFilename);
-    // Dafny compiles to the old Go package system, whereas Go has moved on to a module
-    // system. Until Dafny's Go compiler catches up, the GO111MODULE variable has to be set.
     psi.EnvironmentVariables["GO111MODULE"] = "auto";
 
     return 0 == await RunProcess(psi, outputWriter, errorWriter);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/GoLang/GoCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/GoLang/GoCodeGenerator.cs
index 3425fdef8ab..37a53d9ae4f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/GoLang/GoCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/GoLang/GoCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -10,15 +10,28 @@
 using System.Numerics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
-using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using DafnyCore;
 using JetBrains.Annotations;
+using Tomlyn.Model;
 using static Microsoft.Dafny.ConcreteSyntaxTreeUtils;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers {
   class GoCodeGenerator : SinglePassCodeGenerator {
+    protected override bool RequiresAllVariablesToBeUsed => true;
+    //TODO: This is tentative, update this to point to public module once available.
+    private string DafnyRuntimeGoModule = "github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo/";
+
+    private bool GoModuleMode;
+    private string GoModuleName;
     public GoCodeGenerator(DafnyOptions options, ErrorReporter reporter) : base(options, reporter) {
+      var goModuleName = Options.Get(GoBackend.GoModuleNameCliOption);
+      GoModuleMode = goModuleName != null;
+      if (GoModuleMode) {
+        GoModuleName = goModuleName.ToString();
+      }
       if (Options?.CoverageLegendFile != null) {
+        //TODO: What's the module name for this?
         Imports.Add(new Import { Name = "DafnyProfiling", Path = "DafnyProfiling" });
       }
     }
@@ -47,7 +60,6 @@ string FormatDefaultTypeParameterValue(TopLevelDecl tp) {
     private string MainModuleName;
     private static List<Import> StandardImports =
       new List<Import> {
-        new Import { Name = "_dafny", Path = "dafny" },
         new Import { Name = "os", Path = "os" },
       };
     private static string DummyTypeName = "Dummy__";
@@ -64,15 +76,22 @@ protected override void EmitHeader(Program program, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
 
       wr.WriteLine("package {0}", ModuleName);
       wr.WriteLine();
-      // Keep the import writers so that we can import subsequent modules into the main one
-      EmitImports(wr, out RootImportWriter, out RootImportDummyWriter);
 
+      string path;
       if (Options.IncludeRuntime) {
         EmitRuntimeSource("DafnyRuntimeGo", wr);
+        path = GoModuleMode ? GoModuleName + "/" : "";
+      } else {
+        path = GoModuleMode ? DafnyRuntimeGoModule : "";
       }
+      Imports.Add(new Import { Name = "_dafny", Path = $"{path}dafny" });
+
       if (Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.UseStandardLibraries)) {
         EmitRuntimeSource("DafnyStandardLibraries_go", wr);
       }
+
+      // Keep the import writers so that we can import subsequent modules into the main one
+      EmitImports(wr, out RootImportWriter, out RootImportDummyWriter);
     }
 
     private string DafnyTypeDescriptor => $"{HelperModulePrefix}TypeDescriptor";
@@ -156,32 +175,68 @@ private Import CreateImport(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition
         }
       }
 
+
       return new Import { Name = moduleName, Path = pkgName, ExternModule = externModule };
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault,
       ModuleDefinition externModule,
-      string libraryName /*?*/, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      string libraryName /*?*/, Attributes moduleAttributes, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (isDefault) {
         // Fold the default module into the main module
         return wr;
       }
 
+      var goModuleName = GoModuleMode ? GoModuleName + "/" : "";
+      if (moduleName.Equals("_System")) {
+        if (Options.IncludeRuntime) {
+          goModuleName = GoModuleMode ? GoModuleName + "/" : "";
+        } else {
+          goModuleName = GoModuleMode ? DafnyRuntimeGoModule : "";
+        }
+      }
       ModuleName = PublicModuleIdProtect(moduleName);
       var import = CreateImport(ModuleName, isDefault, externModule, libraryName);
-
       var filename = string.Format("{0}/{0}.go", import.Path);
       var w = wr.NewFile(filename);
       EmitModuleHeader(w);
 
+      import.Path = goModuleName + import.Path;
       AddImport(import);
 
       return w;
     }
 
-    protected override void DependOnModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition externModule,
+    protected override void DependOnModule(Program program, ModuleDefinition module, ModuleDefinition externModule,
       string libraryName) {
-      var import = CreateImport(moduleName, isDefault, externModule, libraryName);
+      var goModuleName = "";
+      if (GoModuleMode) {
+        // "_System" module has a special handling because although it gets translated from a Dafny module,
+        // it is still part of the Dafny Runtime lib so has no associated go module name. It either uses the
+        // project module name if embedded or falls back to the Runtime module name.
+        if (module.GetCompileName(Options).Equals("_System")) {
+          if (Options.IncludeRuntime) {
+            goModuleName = GoModuleName + "/";
+          } else {
+            goModuleName = DafnyRuntimeGoModule;
+          }
+        } else {
+          // For every other Dafny Module, fetch the associated go module name from the dtr structure.
+          var translatedRecord = program.Compilation.AlreadyTranslatedRecord;
+          translatedRecord.OptionsByModule.TryGetValue(module.FullDafnyName, out var moduleOptions);
+          object moduleName = null;
+          moduleOptions?.TryGetValue(GoBackend.GoModuleNameCliOption.Name, out moduleName);
+
+          goModuleName = moduleName is string name ? moduleName + "/" : "";
+          if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(goModuleName)) {
+            Reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Compiler, ResolutionErrors.ErrorId.none, Token.Cli,
+              $"Go Module Name not found for the module {module.GetCompileName(Options)}");
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      var import = CreateImport(module.GetCompileName(Options), module.IsDefaultModule, externModule, libraryName);
+      import.Path = goModuleName + import.Path;
       AddImport(import);
     }
 
@@ -866,7 +921,7 @@ string StructOfCtor(DatatypeCtor ctor) {
                 var compiledConstructorsProcessed = 0;
                 for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                   var ctor_i = dtor.EnclosingCtors[i];
-                  Contract.Assert(arg.CompileName == dtor.CorrespondingFormals[i].CompileName);
+                  Contract.Assert(arg.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator) == dtor.CorrespondingFormals[i].GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator));
                   if (ctor_i.IsGhost) {
                     continue;
                   }
@@ -1230,7 +1285,7 @@ public void Finish() {
 
       var fnOverridden = (member as Function)?.OverriddenFunction?.Original;
       return CreateSubroutine(name, typeArgs, formals, new List<Formal>(), resultType,
-        fnOverridden?.Formals, fnOverridden == null ? null : new List<Formal>(), fnOverridden?.ResultType,
+        fnOverridden?.Ins, fnOverridden == null ? null : new List<Formal>(), fnOverridden?.ResultType,
         tok, isStatic, createBody, ownerContext, ownerName, member, abstractWriter, concreteWriter, forBodyInheritance, lookasideBody);
     }
 
@@ -1538,11 +1593,11 @@ internal override string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok,
         var t = (BitvectorType)xType;
         return t.NativeType != null ? GetNativeTypeName(t.NativeType) : "_dafny.BV";
       } else if (xType.AsNewtype != null && member == null) {  // when member is given, use UserDefinedType case below
-        NativeType nativeType = xType.AsNewtype.NativeType;
-        if (nativeType != null) {
+        var newtypeDecl = xType.AsNewtype;
+        if (newtypeDecl.NativeType is { } nativeType) {
           return GetNativeTypeName(nativeType);
         }
-        return TypeName(xType.AsNewtype.BaseType, wr, tok);
+        return TypeName(newtypeDecl.ConcreteBaseType(xType.TypeArgs), wr, tok);
       } else if (xType.IsObjectQ) {
         return AnyType;
       } else if (xType.IsArrayType) {
@@ -1597,7 +1652,7 @@ string nil() {
         return "false";
       } else if (xType is CharType) {
         return $"{CharTypeName}({CharType.DefaultValueAsString})";
-      } else if (xType is IntType || xType is BigOrdinalType) {
+      } else if (xType is IntType or BigOrdinalType) {
         return "_dafny.Zero";
       } else if (xType is RealType) {
         return "_dafny.ZeroReal";
@@ -1641,7 +1696,7 @@ string nil() {
         } else if (td.NativeType != null) {
           return GetNativeTypeName(td.NativeType) + "(0)";
         } else {
-          return TypeInitializationValue(td.BaseType, wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
+          return TypeInitializationValue(td.ConcreteBaseType(udt.TypeArgs), wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
         }
       } else if (cl is SubsetTypeDecl) {
         var td = (SubsetTypeDecl)cl;
@@ -1930,14 +1985,6 @@ protected override void EmitReturn(List<Formal> outParams, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr
       EmitReturnWithCoercions(outParams, null, null, wr);
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitReturnExpr(Expression expr, Type resultType, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      var wStmts = wr.Fork();
-      var w = EmitReturnExpr(wr);
-      var fromType = thisContext == null ? expr.Type : expr.Type.Subst(thisContext.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
-      w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(fromType, resultType, expr.tok, w);
-      w.Append(Expr(expr, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
-    }
-
     protected void EmitReturnWithCoercions(List<Formal> outParams, List<Formal>/*?*/ overriddenOutParams, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type>/*?*/ typeMap, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       wr.Write("return");
       var sep = " ";
@@ -2020,7 +2067,7 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateWhileLoop(out ConcreteSyntaxTree gua
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitForStmt(IToken tok, IVariable loopIndex, bool goingUp, string /*?*/ endVarName,
       List<Statement> body, LList<Label> labels, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
 
-      wr.Write($"for {loopIndex.CompileName} := ");
+      wr.Write($"for {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} := ");
       var startWr = wr.Fork();
       wr.Write($"; ");
 
@@ -2029,28 +2076,28 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitForStmt(IToken tok, IVariable loopInde
         if (endVarName == null) {
           wr.Write("true");
         } else if (IsOrderedByCmp(loopIndex.Type)) {
-          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.CompileName}.Cmp({endVarName}) < 0");
+          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}.Cmp({endVarName}) < 0");
         } else {
-          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.CompileName} < {endVarName}");
+          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} < {endVarName}");
         }
         if (AsNativeType(loopIndex.Type) == null) {
-          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.CompileName} = {loopIndex.CompileName}.Plus(_dafny.One)");
+          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} = {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}.Plus(_dafny.One)");
         } else {
-          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.CompileName}++");
+          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}++");
         }
       } else {
         if (endVarName == null) {
           wr.Write("true");
         } else if (IsOrderedByCmp(loopIndex.Type)) {
-          wr.Write($"{endVarName}.Cmp({loopIndex.CompileName}) < 0");
+          wr.Write($"{endVarName}.Cmp({loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}) < 0");
         } else {
-          wr.Write($"{endVarName} < {loopIndex.CompileName}");
+          wr.Write($"{endVarName} < {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}");
         }
         bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; ");
         if (AsNativeType(loopIndex.Type) == null) {
-          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.CompileName} = {loopIndex.CompileName}.Minus(_dafny.One)");
+          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} = {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}.Minus(_dafny.One)");
         } else {
-          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.CompileName}--");
+          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}--");
         }
       }
       bodyWr = EmitContinueLabel(labels, bodyWr);
@@ -2519,11 +2566,77 @@ public override string PublicIdProtect(string name) {
       }
     }
 
+    /* Obtained by running the following on the console on the page https://pkg.go.dev/std :
+     var lineLength = 0; copy([...document.querySelectorAll(
+    "td > div.UnitDirectories-pathCell > div > span, "+
+    "td > div.UnitDirectories-pathCell > div > a")]
+    .map((e, i) => {
+        var res = JSON.stringify(e.textContent);
+        if(lineLength + res.length > 94) {
+            lineLength = res.length;
+            res = ",\n      " + res;
+        } else if(i > 0) {
+            res = "," + res;
+            lineLength += res.length;
+        }
+        return res;
+    }).join(""))
+     */
+    public readonly HashSet<string> ReservedModuleNames = new() {
+      "c",
+      "archive",
+      "bufio",
+      "builtin",
+      "bytes",
+      "cmp",
+      "compress",
+      "container",
+      "context",
+      "crypto",
+      "database",
+      "debug",
+      "embed",
+      "encoding",
+      "errors",
+      "expvar",
+      "flag",
+      "fmt",
+      "go",
+      "hash",
+      "html",
+      "image",
+      "index",
+      "internal",
+      "io",
+      "log",
+      "maps",
+      "math",
+      "mime",
+      "net",
+      "os",
+      "path",
+      "plugin",
+      "reflect",
+      "regexp",
+      "runtime",
+      "slices",
+      "sort",
+      "strconv",
+      "strings",
+      "sync",
+      "syscall",
+      "testing",
+      "text",
+      "time",
+      "unicode",
+      "unsafe"
+    };
+
     public string PublicModuleIdProtect(string name) {
-      if (name == "C") {
-        return "_C";
+      if (ReservedModuleNames.Contains(name.ToLower())) {
+        return "_" + name;
       } else {
-        return name;
+        return IdProtect(name);
       }
     }
 
@@ -2750,7 +2863,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
           var prefixWr = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
           var prefixSep = "";
           prefixWr.Write("func (");
-          foreach (var arg in fn.Formals) {
+          foreach (var arg in fn.Ins) {
             if (!arg.IsGhost) {
               var name = idGenerator.FreshId("_eta");
               var ty = arg.Type.Subst(typeMap);
@@ -2784,7 +2897,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
             EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, member.EnclosingClass, member, false), member.tok, w);
             w.Write(")");
           });
-        } else if (NeedsCustomReceiver(member) && !(member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl)) {
+        } else if (NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(member)) {
           // instance const in a newtype
           Contract.Assert(typeArgs.Count == 0);
           lvalue = SimpleLvalue(w => {
@@ -2793,7 +2906,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
             w.Write(")");
           });
         } else if (internalAccess && (member is ConstantField || member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl)) {
-          lvalue = SuffixLvalue(obj, $"._{member.GetCompileName(Options)}");
+          lvalue = SuffixLvalue(obj, $".{InternalFieldPrefix}{member.GetCompileName(Options)}");
         } else if (internalAccess) {
           lvalue = SuffixLvalue(obj, $".{IdName(member)}");
         } else if (member is ConstantField) {
@@ -2904,7 +3017,12 @@ protected override (ConcreteSyntaxTree/*array*/, ConcreteSyntaxTree/*rhs*/) Emit
       return (wArray, wRhs);
     }
 
-    protected override string ArrayIndexToInt(string arrayIndex) => $"{HelperModulePrefix}IntOf({arrayIndex})";
+    protected override void EmitArrayIndexToInt(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wIndex) {
+      wIndex = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
+      wr.Write($"{HelperModulePrefix}IntOf(");
+      wr.Append(wIndex);
+      wr.Write(")");
+    }
 
     protected override void EmitExprAsNativeInt(Expression expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
       if (expr is LiteralExpr lit) {
@@ -3147,7 +3265,8 @@ protected override void EmitConstructorCheck(string source, DatatypeCtor ctor, C
       wr.Write("{0}.{1}()", source, FormatDatatypeConstructorCheckName(ctor.GetCompileName(Options)));
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex, DatatypeCtor ctor, List<Type> typeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex,
+      DatatypeCtor ctor, Func<List<Type>> getTypeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, ctor.EnclosingDatatype, out var coreDtor)) {
         Contract.Assert(coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals.Count == 1);
         Contract.Assert(dtor == coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals[0]); // any other destructor is a ghost
@@ -3156,7 +3275,7 @@ protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal
         Contract.Assert(tupleTypeDecl.NonGhostDims != 1); // such a tuple is an erasable-wrapper type, handled above
         wr.Write("(*(");
         source(wr);
-        wr.Write(").IndexInt({0})).({1})", formalNonGhostIndex, TypeName(typeArgs[formalNonGhostIndex], wr, Token.NoToken));
+        wr.Write(").IndexInt({0})).({1})", formalNonGhostIndex, TypeName(getTypeArgs()[formalNonGhostIndex], wr, Token.NoToken));
       } else {
         var dtorName = DatatypeFieldName(dtor, formalNonGhostIndex);
         wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from: dtor.Type, to: bvType, tok: dtor.tok, wr: wr);
@@ -3250,7 +3369,7 @@ private bool IsComparedByEquals(Type t) {
     }
 
     protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
-      Expression e0, Expression e1, IToken tok, Type resultType,
+      Type e0Type, Type e1Type, IToken tok, Type resultType,
       out string opString,
       out string preOpString,
       out string postOpString,
@@ -3296,8 +3415,8 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           break;
 
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.EqCommon: {
-            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0.Type);
-            if (!EqualsUpToParameters(eqType, DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e1.Type))) {
+            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0Type);
+            if (!EqualsUpToParameters(eqType, DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e1Type))) {
               staticCallString = $"{HelperModulePrefix}AreEqual";
             } else if (IsOrderedByCmp(eqType)) {
               callString = "Cmp";
@@ -3312,8 +3431,8 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
             break;
           }
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NeqCommon: {
-            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0.Type);
-            if (!EqualsUpToParameters(eqType, DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e1.Type))) {
+            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0Type);
+            if (!EqualsUpToParameters(eqType, DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e1Type))) {
               preOpString = "!";
               staticCallString = $"{HelperModulePrefix}AreEqual";
             } else if (IsDirectlyComparable(eqType)) {
@@ -3333,7 +3452,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           }
 
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Lt:
-          if (IsOrderedByCmp(e0.Type)) {
+          if (IsOrderedByCmp(e0Type)) {
             callString = "Cmp";
             postOpString = " < 0";
           } else {
@@ -3341,7 +3460,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           }
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Le:
-          if (IsOrderedByCmp(e0.Type)) {
+          if (IsOrderedByCmp(e0Type)) {
             callString = "Cmp";
             postOpString = " <= 0";
           } else {
@@ -3349,7 +3468,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           }
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Ge:
-          if (IsOrderedByCmp(e0.Type)) {
+          if (IsOrderedByCmp(e0Type)) {
             callString = "Cmp";
             postOpString = " >= 0";
           } else {
@@ -3357,7 +3476,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           }
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Gt:
-          if (IsOrderedByCmp(e0.Type)) {
+          if (IsOrderedByCmp(e0Type)) {
             callString = "Cmp";
             postOpString = " > 0";
           } else {
@@ -3370,11 +3489,11 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           }
           if (AsNativeType(resultType) != null) {
             opString = "<<";
-            if (AsNativeType(e1.Type) == null) {
+            if (AsNativeType(e1Type) == null) {
               postOpString = ".Uint64()";
             }
           } else {
-            if (AsNativeType(e1.Type) != null) {
+            if (AsNativeType(e1Type) != null) {
               callString = "Lsh(_dafny.IntOfUint64(uint64";
               postOpString = "))";
             } else {
@@ -3385,11 +3504,11 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.RightShift:
           if (AsNativeType(resultType) != null) {
             opString = ">>";
-            if (AsNativeType(e1.Type) == null) {
+            if (AsNativeType(e1Type) == null) {
               postOpString = ".Uint64()";
             }
           } else {
-            if (AsNativeType(e1.Type) != null) {
+            if (AsNativeType(e1Type) != null) {
               callString = "Rsh(_dafny.IntOfUint64(uint64";
               postOpString = "))";
             } else {
@@ -3509,7 +3628,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           staticCallString = $"{DafnySequenceCompanion}.Contains"; reverseArguments = true; break;
 
         default:
-          base.CompileBinOp(op, e0, e1, tok, resultType,
+          base.CompileBinOp(op, e0Type, e1Type, tok, resultType,
             out opString, out preOpString, out postOpString, out callString, out staticCallString, out reverseArguments, out truncateResult, out convertE1_to_int, out coerceE1,
             errorWr);
           break;
@@ -3772,7 +3891,7 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitCoercionIfNecessary(Type/*?*/ from, Ty
       } else if (to.IsTypeParameter || (from != null && EqualsUpToParameters(from, to))) {
         // do nothing
         return wr;
-      } else if (from != null && from.IsSubtypeOf(to, true, true)) {
+      } else if (from != null && !from.IsTypeParameter && from.IsSubtypeOf(to, true, true)) {
         // upcast
         return wr;
       } else if (from == null || from.IsTypeParameter || to.IsSubtypeOf(from, true, true)) {
@@ -3796,9 +3915,7 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitCoercionIfNecessary(Type/*?*/ from, Ty
           return w;
         }
       } else if (from.AsNewtype is { } fromNewtypeDecl) {
-        var subst = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(fromNewtypeDecl.TypeArgs, from.TypeArgs);
-        from = fromNewtypeDecl.BaseType.Subst(subst);
-        return EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from, to, tok, wr, toOrig);
+        return EmitCoercionIfNecessary(fromNewtypeDecl.ConcreteBaseType(from.TypeArgs), to, tok, wr, toOrig);
       } else {
         // It's unclear to me whether it's possible to hit this case with a valid Dafny program,
         // so I'm not using UnsupportedFeatureError for now.
@@ -3807,6 +3924,16 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitCoercionIfNecessary(Type/*?*/ from, Ty
       }
     }
 
+    protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitDowncast(Type from, Type to, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      if (to.IsTraitType) {
+        wr.Write("{0}.CastTo_(", TypeName_Companion(to.AsTraitType, wr, tok));
+        var w = wr.Fork();
+        wr.Write(")");
+        return w;
+      }
+      return base.EmitDowncast(from, to, tok, wr);
+    }
+
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitCoercionToNativeInt(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       var w = wr.Fork();
       wr.Write(".(int)");
@@ -3876,12 +4003,13 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitMapBuilder_Add(MapType mt, IToken tok,
       return termLeftWriter;
     }
 
-    protected override string GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmt) {
       if (ct is SetType) {
-        return collName + ".ToSet()";
+        wr.Write(collName + ".ToSet()");
       } else {
         Contract.Assert(ct is MapType);
-        return collName + ".ToMap()";
+        wr.Write(collName + ".ToMap()");
       }
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Java/JavaBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Java/JavaBackend.cs
index 9bcfdde1f38..a0dd281c25d 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Java/JavaBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Java/JavaBackend.cs
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
+using System.CommandLine;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using DafnyCore;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
@@ -26,6 +29,19 @@ public override string TargetBaseDir(string dafnyProgramName) =>
   public override bool SupportsInMemoryCompilation => false;
   public override bool TextualTargetIsExecutable => false;
 
+  public static readonly Option<bool> LegacyDataConstructors = new("--legacy-data-constructors",
+    @"
+Generate unsafe, deprecated data constructor methods that do not take type descriptors, 
+for backwards compatibility with Java code generated with Dafny versions earlier than 4.3.".TrimStart()) {
+    IsHidden = true
+  };
+  static JavaBackend() {
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyUi(LegacyDataConstructors, DafnyOptions.ParseBoolean, "Compilation options", legacyName: "legacyDataConstructors", defaultValue: false);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(LegacyDataConstructors, OptionScope.Cli);
+  }
+
+  public override IEnumerable<Option> SupportedOptions => new List<Option> { LegacyDataConstructors };
+
   public override void CleanSourceDirectory(string sourceDirectory) {
     try {
       Directory.Delete(sourceDirectory, true);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Java/JavaCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Java/JavaCodeGenerator.cs
index 7bba39d72cd..8760a7df39b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Java/JavaCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Java/JavaCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 using System.IO;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
+using System.CommandLine;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using static Microsoft.Dafny.ConcreteSyntaxTreeUtils;
@@ -379,7 +380,7 @@ string IdProtectModule(string moduleName) {
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition externModule,
-      string libraryName /*?*/, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      string libraryName /*?*/, Attributes moduleAttributes, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       moduleName = IdProtectModule(moduleName);
       if (isDefault) {
         // Fold the default module into the main module
@@ -423,8 +424,7 @@ protected override void DeclareSubsetType(SubsetTypeDecl sst, ConcreteSyntaxTree
         }
         cw.StaticMemberWriter.Write($"public static {TypeParameters(sst.TypeArgs, " ")}{typeName} defaultValue(");
         var typeDescriptorParams = sst.TypeArgs.Where(NeedsTypeDescriptor);
-        cw.StaticMemberWriter.Write(typeDescriptorParams.Comma(tp =>
-          $"{DafnyTypeDescriptor}<{tp.GetCompileName(Options)}> {FormatTypeDescriptorVariable(tp.GetCompileName(Options))}"));
+        cw.StaticMemberWriter.Write(typeDescriptorParams.Comma(TypeDescriptorVariableDeclaration));
         var w = cw.StaticMemberWriter.NewBlock(")");
         w.WriteLine($"return {witness};");
       }
@@ -432,6 +432,10 @@ protected override void DeclareSubsetType(SubsetTypeDecl sst, ConcreteSyntaxTree
       GenerateIsMethod(sst, cw.StaticMemberWriter);
     }
 
+    private string TypeDescriptorVariableDeclaration(TypeParameter tp) {
+      return $"{DafnyTypeDescriptor}<{tp.GetCompileName(Options)}> {FormatTypeDescriptorVariable(tp.GetCompileName(Options))}";
+    }
+
     protected class ClassWriter : IClassWriter {
       public readonly JavaCodeGenerator CodeGenerator;
       public readonly ConcreteSyntaxTree InstanceMemberWriter;
@@ -556,7 +560,8 @@ protected ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateMethod(Method m, List<TypeArgumentInstantiati
       wr.Write("{0} {1}", targetReturnTypeReplacement ?? "void", IdName(m));
       wr.Write("(");
       var sep = "";
-      WriteRuntimeTypeDescriptorsFormals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, m.EnclosingClass, m, lookasideBody), wr, ref sep, tp => $"{DafnyTypeDescriptor}<{tp.GetCompileName(Options)}> {FormatTypeDescriptorVariable(tp)}");
+      WriteRuntimeTypeDescriptorsFormals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, m.EnclosingClass, m, lookasideBody), wr, ref sep,
+        TypeDescriptorVariableDeclaration);
       if (customReceiver) {
         DeclareFormal(sep, "_this", receiverType, m.tok, true, wr);
         sep = ", ";
@@ -601,7 +606,7 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitMethodReturns(Method m, ConcreteSyntax
       wr.Write(TypeParameters(TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToFormals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, member, lookasideBody)), " "));
       wr.Write($"{TypeName(resultType, wr, tok)} {name}(");
       var sep = "";
-      var argCount = WriteRuntimeTypeDescriptorsFormals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, member.EnclosingClass, member, lookasideBody), wr, ref sep, tp => $"{DafnyTypeDescriptor}<{tp.GetCompileName(Options)}> {FormatTypeDescriptorVariable(tp)}");
+      var argCount = WriteRuntimeTypeDescriptorsFormals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, member.EnclosingClass, member, lookasideBody), wr, ref sep, TypeDescriptorVariableDeclaration);
       if (customReceiver) {
         DeclareFormal(sep, "_this", receiverType, tok, true, wr);
         sep = ", ";
@@ -705,7 +710,7 @@ private string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok, bool boxed
         return boxed ? "Boolean" : "boolean";
       } else if (xType is CharType) {
         return CharTypeName(boxed);
-      } else if (xType is IntType || xType is BigOrdinalType) {
+      } else if (xType is IntType or BigOrdinalType) {
         return "java.math.BigInteger";
       } else if (xType is RealType) {
         return DafnyBigRationalClass;
@@ -713,11 +718,11 @@ private string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok, bool boxed
         var t = (BitvectorType)xType;
         return t.NativeType != null ? GetNativeTypeName(t.NativeType, boxed) : "java.math.BigInteger";
       } else if (member == null && xType.AsNewtype != null) {
-        var nativeType = xType.AsNewtype.NativeType;
-        if (nativeType != null) {
+        var newtypeDecl = xType.AsNewtype;
+        if (newtypeDecl.NativeType is { } nativeType) {
           return GetNativeTypeName(nativeType, boxed);
         }
-        return TypeName(xType.AsNewtype.BaseType, wr, tok, boxed, erased);
+        return TypeName(newtypeDecl.ConcreteBaseType(xType.TypeArgs), wr, tok, boxed, erased);
       } else if (xType.IsObjectQ) {
         return "Object";
       } else if (xType.IsArrayType) {
@@ -945,7 +950,9 @@ protected override IClassWriter CreateClass(string moduleName, string name, bool
       // make sure the (static fields associated with the) type method come after the Witness static field
       var wTypeMethod = wBody;
       var wRestOfBody = wBody.Fork();
-      if (cls is DefaultClassDecl or (ClassLikeDecl and not ArrayClassDecl)) {
+      if (cls is DefaultClassDecl || (
+            (cls is ClassLikeDecl and not ArrayClassDecl) &&
+            !Options.Get(JavaBackend.LegacyDataConstructors))) {
         // don't emit a type-descriptor method
       } else {
         EmitTypeDescriptorMethod(cls, typeParameters, null, null, wTypeMethod);
@@ -1439,11 +1446,12 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
         }
       } else if (member is Function fn) {
         var wr = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
-        EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(IdName(member), TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, member, false)), member.tok, wr);
+        EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(IdName(member), TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, member, false)),
+          member.tok, null, false, wr);
         var needsEtaConversion = typeArgs.Any()
                || additionalCustomParameter != null
                || (UnicodeCharEnabled &&
-                  (fn.ResultType.IsCharType || fn.Formals.Any(f => f.Type.IsCharType)));
+                  (fn.ResultType.IsCharType || fn.Ins.Any(f => f.Type.IsCharType)));
         if (!needsEtaConversion) {
           var nameAndTypeArgs = wr.ToString();
           return SuffixLvalue(obj, $"::{nameAndTypeArgs}");
@@ -1460,7 +1468,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
           var prefixWr = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
           var prefixSep = "";
           prefixWr.Write("(");
-          foreach (var arg in fn.Formals) {
+          foreach (var arg in fn.Ins) {
             if (!arg.IsGhost) {
               var name = idGenerator.FreshId("_eta");
               var ty = arg.Type.Subst(typeMap);
@@ -1491,7 +1499,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
             EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, member.EnclosingClass, member, false), member.tok, w);
             w.Write(")");
           });
-        } else if (NeedsCustomReceiver(member) && !(member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl)) {
+        } else if (NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(member)) {
           // instance const in a newtype
           Contract.Assert(typeArgs.Count == 0);
           lvalue = SimpleLvalue(w => {
@@ -1500,7 +1508,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
             w.Write(")");
           });
         } else if (internalAccess && (member is ConstantField || member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl)) {
-          lvalue = SuffixLvalue(obj, $"._{member.GetCompileName(Options)}");
+          lvalue = SuffixLvalue(obj, $".{InternalFieldPrefix}{member.GetCompileName(Options)}");
         } else if (internalAccess) {
           lvalue = SuffixLvalue(obj, $".{IdName(member)}");
         } else if (member is ConstantField) {
@@ -1695,11 +1703,10 @@ protected override void EmitIndexCollectionSelect(Expression source, Expression
         ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
       // Taken from C# compiler, assuming source is a DafnySequence type.
       if (source.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsMultiSetType is { } multiSetType) {
-        wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from: NativeObjectType, to: Type.Int, tok: source.tok, wr: wr);
         wr.Write($"{DafnyMultiSetClass}.<{BoxedTypeName(multiSetType.Arg, wr, Token.NoToken)}>multiplicity(");
         TrParenExpr(source, wr, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
         wr.Write(", ");
-        wr.Append(Expr(index, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
+        wr.Append(JavaCoercedExpr(index, multiSetType.Arg, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
         wr.Write(")");
       } else if (source.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsMapType is { } mapType) {
         wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from: NativeObjectType, to: mapType.Range, tok: source.tok, wr: wr);
@@ -1729,21 +1736,31 @@ protected override void EmitIndexCollectionUpdate(Expression source, Expression
         wr.Append(Expr(source, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
         wr.Write(", ");
         TrExprAsInt(index, wr, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
+        wr.Write(", ");
+        wr.Append(JavaCoercedExpr(value, resultCollectionType.ValueArg, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
+        wr.Write(")");
       } else if (resultCollectionType.AsMapType is { } mapType) {
         wr.Write($"{DafnyMapClass}.<{BoxedTypeName(mapType.Domain, wr, Token.NoToken)}, {BoxedTypeName(mapType.Range, wr, Token.NoToken)}>update(");
         wr.Append(Expr(source, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
         wr.Write(", ");
-        wr.Append(Expr(index, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
+        wr.Append(JavaCoercedExpr(index, mapType.Domain, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
+        wr.Write(", ");
+        wr.Append(JavaCoercedExpr(value, mapType.Range, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
+        wr.Write(")");
       } else {
         Contract.Assert(resultCollectionType.AsMultiSetType != null);
         wr.Write($"{DafnyMultiSetClass}.<{BoxedTypeName(resultCollectionType.Arg, wr, Token.NoToken)}>update(");
         wr.Append(Expr(source, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
         wr.Write(", ");
-        wr.Append(Expr(index, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
+        wr.Append(JavaCoercedExpr(index, resultCollectionType.ValueArg, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
+        wr.Write(", ");
+        wr.Append(Expr(value, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
+        wr.Write(")");
       }
-      wr.Write(", ");
-      wr.Append(CoercedExpr(value, NativeObjectType, inLetExprBody, wStmts));
-      wr.Write(")");
+    }
+
+    private ConcreteSyntaxTree JavaCoercedExpr(Expression expr, Type toType, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
+      return CoercedExpr(expr, expr.Type.IsTypeParameter ? toType : NativeObjectType, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
     }
 
     protected override void EmitRotate(Expression e0, Expression e1, bool isRotateLeft, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr,
@@ -1911,6 +1928,7 @@ IClassWriter CompileDatatypeBase(DatatypeDecl dt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       var defaultMethodTypeDescriptorCount = 0;
       var usedTypeArgs = UsedTypeParameters(dt);
       ConcreteSyntaxTree wDefault;
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wLegacyDefault = null;
       wr.WriteLine();
       if (dt.TypeArgs.Count == 0) {
         wr.Write($"private static final {simplifiedTypeName} theDefault = ");
@@ -1928,6 +1946,17 @@ IClassWriter CompileDatatypeBase(DatatypeDecl dt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
         w.Write("return ");
         wDefault = w.Fork();
         w.WriteLine(";");
+
+        if (Options.Get(JavaBackend.LegacyDataConstructors)) {
+          wr.WriteLine("@Deprecated()");
+          w = wr.NewBlock($"public static{justTypeArgs} {simplifiedTypeName} Default({typeParameters})");
+          foreach (var typeParameter in dt.TypeArgs) {
+            w.WriteLine(TypeDescriptorVariableDeclaration(typeParameter) + " = null;");
+          }
+          w.Write("return ");
+          wLegacyDefault = w.Fork();
+          w.WriteLine(";");
+        }
       }
       var groundingCtor = dt.GetGroundingCtor();
       if (groundingCtor.IsGhost) {
@@ -1942,6 +1971,12 @@ IClassWriter CompileDatatypeBase(DatatypeDecl dt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
           dt is CoDatatypeDecl, $"{wDefaultTypeArguments}", args, wDefault);
       }
 
+      if (wLegacyDefault != null) {
+        foreach (var node in wDefault.Nodes) {
+          wLegacyDefault.Append(node);
+        }
+      }
+
       // create methods
       foreach (var ctor in dt.Ctors.Where(ctor => !ctor.IsGhost)) {
         var wCtorParams = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
@@ -1953,6 +1988,15 @@ IClassWriter CompileDatatypeBase(DatatypeDecl dt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
         var sep = typeDescriptorCount > 0 && formalCount > 0 ? ", " : "";
         wr.NewBlock(")")
           .WriteLine($"return new {DtCtorDeclarationName(ctor, dt.TypeArgs)}({wCallArguments}{sep}{ctor.Formals.Where(f => !f.IsGhost).Comma(FormalName)});");
+
+        if (dt.TypeArgs.Any() && Options.Get(JavaBackend.LegacyDataConstructors)) {
+          wr.WriteLine("@Deprecated()");
+          wr.Write($"public static{justTypeArgs} {DtT_protected} {DtCreateName(ctor)}(");
+          var nullTypeDescriptorArgs = Enumerable.Repeat("null", typeDescriptorCount).Comma();
+          WriteFormals("", ctor.Formals, wr);
+          wr.NewBlock(")")
+            .WriteLine($"return new {DtCtorDeclarationName(ctor, dt.TypeArgs)}({nullTypeDescriptorArgs}{sep}{ctor.Formals.Where(f => !f.IsGhost).Comma(FormalName)});");
+        }
       }
 
       if (dt.IsRecordType) {
@@ -1969,6 +2013,15 @@ IClassWriter CompileDatatypeBase(DatatypeDecl dt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
         var sep = typeDescriptorCount > 0 && formalCount > 0 ? ", " : "";
         wr.NewBlock(")")
           .WriteLine($"return create({wCallArguments}{sep}{ctor.Formals.Where(f => !f.IsGhost).Comma(FormalName)});");
+
+        if (dt.TypeArgs.Any() && Options.Get(JavaBackend.LegacyDataConstructors)) {
+          wr.WriteLine("@Deprecated()");
+          wr.Write($"public static{justTypeArgs} {DtT_protected} create_{ctor.GetCompileName(Options)}(");
+          var nullTypeDescriptorArgs = Enumerable.Repeat("null", typeDescriptorCount).Comma();
+          WriteFormals("", ctor.Formals, wr);
+          wr.NewBlock(")")
+            .WriteLine($"return create({nullTypeDescriptorArgs}{sep}{ctor.Formals.Where(f => !f.IsGhost).Comma(FormalName)});");
+        }
       }
 
       // query properties
@@ -2001,30 +2054,34 @@ IClassWriter CompileDatatypeBase(DatatypeDecl dt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       foreach (var ctor in dt.Ctors) {
         foreach (var dtor in ctor.Destructors.Where(dtor => dtor.EnclosingCtors[0] == ctor)) {
           var compiledConstructorCount = dtor.EnclosingCtors.Count(constructor => !constructor.IsGhost);
-          if (compiledConstructorCount != 0) {
-            var arg = dtor.CorrespondingFormals[0];
-            if (!arg.IsGhost && arg.HasName) {
-              var wDtor = wr.NewNamedBlock($"public {TypeName(arg.Type, wr, arg.tok)} dtor_{arg.CompileName}()");
-              if (dt.IsRecordType) {
-                wDtor.WriteLine($"return this.{FieldName(arg, 0)};");
+          if (compiledConstructorCount == 0) {
+            continue;
+          }
+
+          var arg = dtor.CorrespondingFormals[0];
+          if (arg.IsGhost || !arg.HasName) {
+            continue;
+          }
+
+          var wDtor = wr.NewNamedBlock($"public {TypeName(arg.Type, wr, arg.tok)} dtor_{arg.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}()");
+          if (dt.IsRecordType) {
+            wDtor.WriteLine($"return this.{FieldName(arg, 0)};");
+          } else {
+            wDtor.WriteLine("{0} d = this{1};", DtT_protected, dt is CoDatatypeDecl ? ".Get()" : "");
+            var compiledConstructorsProcessed = 0;
+            for (var i = 0; i < dtor.EnclosingCtors.Count; i++) {
+              var ctor_i = dtor.EnclosingCtors[i];
+              Contract.Assert(arg.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator) == dtor.CorrespondingFormals[i].GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator));
+              if (ctor_i.IsGhost) {
+                continue;
+              }
+              if (compiledConstructorsProcessed < compiledConstructorCount - 1) {
+                wDtor.WriteLine("if (d instanceof {0}_{1}) {{ return (({0}_{1}{2})d).{3}; }}", dt.GetCompileName(Options),
+                  ctor_i.GetCompileName(Options), DtT_TypeArgs, FieldName(arg, i));
               } else {
-                wDtor.WriteLine("{0} d = this{1};", DtT_protected, dt is CoDatatypeDecl ? ".Get()" : "");
-                var compiledConstructorsProcessed = 0;
-                for (var i = 0; i < dtor.EnclosingCtors.Count; i++) {
-                  var ctor_i = dtor.EnclosingCtors[i];
-                  Contract.Assert(arg.CompileName == dtor.CorrespondingFormals[i].CompileName);
-                  if (ctor_i.IsGhost) {
-                    continue;
-                  }
-                  if (compiledConstructorsProcessed < compiledConstructorCount - 1) {
-                    wDtor.WriteLine("if (d instanceof {0}_{1}) {{ return (({0}_{1}{2})d).{3}; }}", dt.GetCompileName(Options),
-                      ctor_i.GetCompileName(Options), DtT_TypeArgs, FieldName(arg, i));
-                  } else {
-                    wDtor.WriteLine($"return (({dt.GetCompileName(Options)}_{ctor_i.GetCompileName(Options)}{DtT_TypeArgs})d).{FieldName(arg, 0)};");
-                  }
-                  compiledConstructorsProcessed++;
-                }
+                wDtor.WriteLine($"return (({dt.GetCompileName(Options)}_{ctor_i.GetCompileName(Options)}{DtT_TypeArgs})d).{FieldName(arg, 0)};");
               }
+              compiledConstructorsProcessed++;
             }
           }
         }
@@ -2269,7 +2326,7 @@ private string FieldName(Formal formal, int i) {
       Contract.Requires(formal != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<string>() != null);
 
-      return IdProtect("_" + (formal.HasName ? formal.CompileName : "a" + i));
+      return IdProtect(InternalFieldPrefix + (formal.HasName ? formal.CompileName : "a" + i));
     }
 
     protected override void EmitPrintStmt(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, Expression arg) {
@@ -2456,7 +2513,8 @@ protected override void EmitActualTypeArgs(List<Type> typeArgs, IToken tok, Conc
       }
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(string protectedName, List<Type> typeArgs, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(string protectedName, List<Type> typeArgs, IToken tok,
+      Expression customReceiver, bool receiverAsArgument, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       EmitActualTypeArgs(typeArgs, tok, wr);
       wr.Write(protectedName);
     }
@@ -2751,10 +2809,11 @@ private string HelperClass(NativeType nt) {
       return AsJavaNativeType(nt) == JavaNativeType.Long ? "java.lang.Long" : "java.lang.Integer";
     }
 
-    protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op, Expression e0, Expression e1, IToken tok,
+    protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op, Type e0Type, Type e1Type, IToken tok,
       Type resultType, out string opString,
       out string preOpString, out string postOpString, out string callString, out string staticCallString,
-      out bool reverseArguments, out bool truncateResult, out bool convertE1_to_int, out bool coerceE1, ConcreteSyntaxTree errorWr) {
+      out bool reverseArguments, out bool truncateResult, out bool convertE1_to_int, out bool coerceE1,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree errorWr) {
       opString = null;
       preOpString = "";
       postOpString = "";
@@ -2810,7 +2869,7 @@ void doPossiblyNativeBinOp(string o, string name, out string preOpS, out string
           doPossiblyNativeBinOp("^", "xor", out preOpString, out opString, out postOpString, out callString, out staticCallString);
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.EqCommon: {
-            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0.Type);
+            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0Type);
             if (eqType.IsRefType) {
               opString = "== (Object) ";
             } else if (IsDirectlyComparable(eqType)) {
@@ -2821,7 +2880,7 @@ void doPossiblyNativeBinOp(string o, string name, out string preOpS, out string
             break;
           }
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NeqCommon: {
-            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0.Type);
+            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyType(Options, e0Type);
             if (eqType.IsRefType) {
               opString = "!= (Object) ";
             } else if (IsDirectlyComparable(eqType)) {
@@ -2837,7 +2896,7 @@ void doPossiblyNativeBinOp(string o, string name, out string preOpS, out string
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Ge:
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Gt:
           var call = false;
-          var argNative = AsNativeType(e0.Type);
+          var argNative = AsNativeType(e0Type);
           if (argNative != null && argNative.LowerBound >= 0) {
             staticCallString = HelperClass(argNative) + ".compareUnsigned";
             call = true;
@@ -2886,11 +2945,11 @@ void doPossiblyNativeBinOp(string o, string name, out string preOpS, out string
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.LeftShift:
           doPossiblyNativeBinOp("<<", "shiftLeft", out preOpString, out opString, out postOpString, out callString, out staticCallString);
           truncateResult = true;
-          convertE1_to_int = AsNativeType(e1.Type) == null;
+          convertE1_to_int = AsNativeType(e1Type) == null;
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.RightShift:
           doPossiblyNativeBinOp(">>>", "shiftRight", out preOpString, out opString, out postOpString, out callString, out staticCallString);
-          convertE1_to_int = AsNativeType(e1.Type) == null;
+          convertE1_to_int = AsNativeType(e1Type) == null;
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Add:
           truncateResult = true;
@@ -2966,12 +3025,12 @@ void doPossiblyNativeBinOp(string o, string name, out string preOpS, out string
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Disjoint:
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSetDisjoint:
-          callString = $"<{BoxedTypeName(e1.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsCollectionType.Arg, errorWr, tok)}>disjoint";
+          callString = $"<{BoxedTypeName(e1Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsCollectionType.Arg, errorWr, tok)}>disjoint";
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InSet:
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InMultiSet:
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.InMap:
-          callString = $"<{BoxedTypeName(e0.Type, errorWr, tok)}>contains";
+          callString = $"<{BoxedTypeName(e0Type, errorWr, tok)}>contains";
           reverseArguments = true;
           coerceE1 = true;
           break;
@@ -3016,7 +3075,7 @@ void doPossiblyNativeBinOp(string o, string name, out string preOpS, out string
           coerceE1 = true;
           break;
         default:
-          base.CompileBinOp(op, e0, e1, tok, resultType,
+          base.CompileBinOp(op, e0Type, e1Type, tok, resultType,
             out opString, out preOpString, out postOpString, out callString, out staticCallString, out reverseArguments, out truncateResult, out convertE1_to_int, out coerceE1,
             errorWr);
           break;
@@ -3141,7 +3200,7 @@ protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
         return "false";
       } else if (xType is CharType) {
         return UnicodeCharEnabled ? $"((int){CharType.DefaultValueAsString})" : CharType.DefaultValueAsString;
-      } else if (xType is IntType || xType is BigOrdinalType) {
+      } else if (xType is IntType or BigOrdinalType) {
         return "java.math.BigInteger.ZERO";
       } else if (xType is RealType) {
         return $"{DafnyBigRationalClass}.ZERO";
@@ -3181,7 +3240,7 @@ protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
         } else if (td.NativeType != null) {
           return GetNativeDefault(td.NativeType);
         } else {
-          return TypeInitializationValue(td.BaseType, wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
+          return TypeInitializationValue(td.ConcreteBaseType(udt.TypeArgs), wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
         }
       } else if (cl is SubsetTypeDecl) {
         var td = (SubsetTypeDecl)cl;
@@ -3313,10 +3372,14 @@ protected override IClassWriter CreateTrait(string name, bool isExtern, List<Typ
       var staticMemberWriter = w.NewBlock("");
       var ctorBodyWriter = staticMemberWriter.NewBlock($"public _Companion_{name}()");
 
+      if (Options.Get(JavaBackend.LegacyDataConstructors)) {
+        EmitTypeDescriptorMethod(null, typeParameters, name + typeParamString, initializer: null, wr: staticMemberWriter);
+      }
       return new ClassWriter(this, instanceMemberWriter, ctorBodyWriter, staticMemberWriter);
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex, DatatypeCtor ctor, List<Type> typeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex,
+      DatatypeCtor ctor, Func<List<Type>> getTypeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, ctor.EnclosingDatatype, out var coreDtor)) {
         Contract.Assert(coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals.Count == 1);
         Contract.Assert(dtor == coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals[0]); // any other destructor is a ghost
@@ -3331,7 +3394,7 @@ protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal
       } else {
         dtorName = FieldName(dtor, formalNonGhostIndex);
       }
-      wr.Write("(({0})", DtCtorName(ctor, typeArgs, wr));
+      wr.Write("(({0})", DtCtorName(ctor, getTypeArgs(), wr));
       source(wr);
       wr.Write("{0}).{1}", ctor.EnclosingDatatype is CoDatatypeDecl ? ".Get()" : "", dtorName);
     }
@@ -3524,15 +3587,16 @@ protected override void EmitSetBuilder_Add(CollectionType ct, string collName, E
       }
     }
 
-    protected override string GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmt) {
       if (ct is SetType) {
         var typeName = BoxedTypeName(ct.Arg, wr, tok);
-        return $"new {DafnySetClass}<{typeName}>({collName})";
+        wr.Write($"new {DafnySetClass}<{typeName}>({collName})");
       } else if (ct is MapType) {
         var mt = (MapType)ct;
         var domtypeName = BoxedTypeName(mt.Domain, wr, tok);
         var rantypeName = BoxedTypeName(mt.Range, wr, tok);
-        return $"new {DafnyMapClass}<{domtypeName},{rantypeName}>({collName})";
+        wr.Write($"new {DafnyMapClass}<{domtypeName},{rantypeName}>({collName})");
       } else {
         Contract.Assume(false);  // unexpected collection type
         throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // please compiler
@@ -3557,6 +3621,10 @@ protected override void EmitAbsurd(string message, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
         message = "unexpected control point";
       }
 
+      // Wrapping an "if (true) { ... }" around the "break" statement is a way to tell the Java compiler not to give
+      // errors for any (unreachable) code that may follow.  
+      wr = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, false, wr);
+      guardWriter.Write("true");
       wr.WriteLine($"throw new IllegalArgumentException(\"{message}\");");
     }
 
@@ -3787,7 +3855,7 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitForStmt(IToken tok, IVariable loopInde
 
       var nativeType = AsNativeType(loopIndex.Type);
 
-      wr.Write($"for ({TypeName(loopIndex.Type, wr, tok)} {loopIndex.CompileName} = ");
+      wr.Write($"for ({TypeName(loopIndex.Type, wr, tok)} {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} = ");
       var startWr = wr.Fork();
       wr.Write($"; ");
 
@@ -3796,32 +3864,32 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitForStmt(IToken tok, IVariable loopInde
         if (endVarName == null) {
           wr.Write("");
         } else if (nativeType == null) {
-          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.CompileName}.compareTo({endVarName}) < 0");
+          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}.compareTo({endVarName}) < 0");
         } else if (0 <= nativeType.LowerBound) {
-          wr.Write($"{HelperClass(nativeType)}.compareUnsigned({loopIndex.CompileName}, {endVarName}) < 0");
+          wr.Write($"{HelperClass(nativeType)}.compareUnsigned({loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}, {endVarName}) < 0");
         } else {
-          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.CompileName} < {endVarName}");
+          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} < {endVarName}");
         }
         if (nativeType == null) {
-          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.CompileName} = {loopIndex.CompileName}.add(java.math.BigInteger.ONE))");
+          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} = {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}.add(java.math.BigInteger.ONE))");
         } else {
-          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.CompileName}++)");
+          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}++)");
         }
       } else {
         if (endVarName == null) {
           wr.Write("");
         } else if (nativeType == null) {
-          wr.Write($"{endVarName}.compareTo({loopIndex.CompileName}) < 0");
+          wr.Write($"{endVarName}.compareTo({loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}) < 0");
         } else if (0 <= nativeType.LowerBound) {
-          wr.Write($"{HelperClass(nativeType)}.compareUnsigned({endVarName}, {loopIndex.CompileName}) < 0");
+          wr.Write($"{HelperClass(nativeType)}.compareUnsigned({endVarName}, {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}) < 0");
         } else {
-          wr.Write($"{endVarName} < {loopIndex.CompileName}");
+          wr.Write($"{endVarName} < {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}");
         }
         bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; )");
         if (nativeType == null) {
-          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.CompileName} = {loopIndex.CompileName}.subtract(java.math.BigInteger.ONE);");
+          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} = {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}.subtract(java.math.BigInteger.ONE);");
         } else {
-          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.CompileName}--;");
+          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}--;");
         }
       }
       bodyWr = EmitContinueLabel(labels, bodyWr);
@@ -4317,5 +4385,31 @@ protected override void EmitHaltRecoveryStmt(Statement body, string haltMessageV
       catchBlock.WriteLine($"dafny.DafnySequence<Character> {haltMessageVarName} = dafny.DafnySequence.asString(e.getMessage());");
       TrStmt(recoveryBody, catchBlock);
     }
+
+    protected override void EmitNestedMatchExpr(NestedMatchExpr match, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree output,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
+      if (match.Cases.Count == 0) {
+        base.EmitNestedMatchExpr(match, inLetExprBody, output, wStmts);
+      } else {
+        EmitExpr(match.Flattened, inLetExprBody, output, wStmts);
+      }
+    }
+
+    protected override void TrOptNestedMatchExpr(NestedMatchExpr match, Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts,
+      bool inLetExprBody, IVariable accumulatorVar, OptimizedExpressionContinuation continuation) {
+      if (match.Cases.Count == 0) {
+        base.TrOptNestedMatchExpr(match, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
+      } else {
+        TrExprOpt(match.Flattened, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
+      }
+    }
+
+    protected override void EmitNestedMatchStmt(NestedMatchStmt match, ConcreteSyntaxTree writer) {
+      if (match.Cases.Count == 0) {
+        base.EmitNestedMatchStmt(match, writer);
+      } else {
+        TrStmt(match.Flattened, writer);
+      }
+    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/JavaScript/JavaScriptCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/JavaScript/JavaScriptCodeGenerator.cs
index e778d19405c..7dc6651d668 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/JavaScript/JavaScriptCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/JavaScript/JavaScriptCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateStaticMain(IClassWriter cw, string a
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition externModule,
-      string libraryName /*?*/, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      string libraryName /*?*/, Attributes moduleAttributes, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       moduleName = IdProtect(moduleName);
       if (externModule == null || libraryName != null) {
         wr.Write("let {0} = ", moduleName);
@@ -914,7 +914,7 @@ internal override string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok,
         return "bool";
       } else if (xType is CharType) {
         return "char";
-      } else if (xType is IntType || xType is BigOrdinalType) {
+      } else if (xType is IntType or BigOrdinalType) {
         return "BigNumber";
       } else if (xType is RealType) {
         return "Dafny.BigRational";
@@ -922,11 +922,11 @@ internal override string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok,
         var t = (BitvectorType)xType;
         return t.NativeType != null ? GetNativeTypeName(t.NativeType) : "BigNumber";
       } else if (xType.AsNewtype != null && member == null) {  // when member is given, use UserDefinedType case below
-        NativeType nativeType = xType.AsNewtype.NativeType;
-        if (nativeType != null) {
+        var newtypeDecl = xType.AsNewtype;
+        if (newtypeDecl.NativeType is { } nativeType) {
           return GetNativeTypeName(nativeType);
         }
-        return TypeName(xType.AsNewtype.BaseType, wr, tok);
+        return TypeName(newtypeDecl.ConcreteBaseType(xType.TypeArgs), wr, tok);
       } else if (xType.IsObjectQ) {
         return "object";
       } else if (xType.IsArrayType) {
@@ -961,7 +961,7 @@ protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
         return "false";
       } else if (xType is CharType) {
         return $"{CharFromNumberMethodName()}({CharType.DefaultValueAsString}.codePointAt(0))";
-      } else if (xType is IntType || xType is BigOrdinalType) {
+      } else if (xType is IntType or BigOrdinalType) {
         return IntegerLiteral(0);
       } else if (xType is RealType) {
         return "_dafny.BigRational.ZERO";
@@ -1003,7 +1003,7 @@ protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
         } else if (td.NativeType != null) {
           return "0";
         } else {
-          return TypeInitializationValue(td.BaseType, wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
+          return TypeInitializationValue(td.ConcreteBaseType(udt.TypeArgs), wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
         }
       } else if (cl is SubsetTypeDecl) {
         var td = (SubsetTypeDecl)cl;
@@ -1246,7 +1246,7 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitForStmt(IToken tok, IVariable loopInde
 
       var nativeType = AsNativeType(loopIndex.Type);
 
-      wr.Write($"for (let {loopIndex.CompileName} = ");
+      wr.Write($"for (let {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} = ");
       var startWr = wr.Fork();
       wr.Write($"; ");
 
@@ -1255,28 +1255,28 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitForStmt(IToken tok, IVariable loopInde
         if (endVarName == null) {
           wr.Write("true");
         } else if (nativeType == null) {
-          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.CompileName}.isLessThan({endVarName})");
+          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}.isLessThan({endVarName})");
         } else {
-          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.CompileName} < {endVarName}");
+          wr.Write($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} < {endVarName}");
         }
         if (nativeType == null) {
-          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.CompileName} = {loopIndex.CompileName}.plus(_dafny.ONE))");
+          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} = {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}.plus(_dafny.ONE))");
         } else {
-          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.CompileName}++)");
+          bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}++)");
         }
       } else {
         if (endVarName == null) {
           wr.Write("true");
         } else if (nativeType == null) {
-          wr.Write($"{endVarName}.isLessThan({loopIndex.CompileName})");
+          wr.Write($"{endVarName}.isLessThan({loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)})");
         } else {
-          wr.Write($"{endVarName} < {loopIndex.CompileName}");
+          wr.Write($"{endVarName} < {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}");
         }
         bodyWr = wr.NewBlock($"; )");
         if (nativeType == null) {
-          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.CompileName} = {loopIndex.CompileName}.minus(_dafny.ONE);");
+          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)} = {loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}.minus(_dafny.ONE);");
         } else {
-          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.CompileName}--;");
+          bodyWr.WriteLine($"{loopIndex.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator)}--;");
         }
       }
       bodyWr = EmitContinueLabel(labels, bodyWr);
@@ -1745,7 +1745,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
           var prefixWr = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
           var prefixSep = "";
           prefixWr.Write("(");
-          foreach (var arg in fn.Formals) {
+          foreach (var arg in fn.Ins) {
             if (!arg.IsGhost) {
               var name = idGenerator.FreshId("_eta");
               prefixWr.Write("{0}{1}", prefixSep, name);
@@ -1769,7 +1769,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
               w.Write(")");
             }
           });
-        } else if (NeedsCustomReceiver(member) && !(member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl)) {
+        } else if (NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(member)) {
           // instance const in a newtype
           return SimpleLvalue(w => {
             w.Write("{0}.{1}(", TypeName_Companion(objType, w, member.tok, member), IdName(member));
@@ -1777,7 +1777,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
             w.Write(")");
           });
         } else if (internalAccess && (member is ConstantField || member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl)) {
-          return SuffixLvalue(obj, $"._{member.GetCompileName(Options)}");
+          return SuffixLvalue(obj, $".{InternalFieldPrefix}{member.GetCompileName(Options)}");
         } else {
           return SimpleLvalue(w => {
             obj(w);
@@ -1836,7 +1836,12 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitArraySelect(List<Expression> indices,
       return w;
     }
 
-    protected override string ArrayIndexToInt(string arrayIndex) => $"new BigNumber({arrayIndex})";
+    protected override void EmitArrayIndexToInt(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wIndex) {
+      wIndex = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
+      wr.Write($"new BigNumber(");
+      wr.Append(wIndex);
+      wr.Write(")");
+    }
 
     protected override void EmitExprAsNativeInt(Expression expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
       TrParenExpr(expr, wr, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
@@ -1935,7 +1940,8 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitBetaRedex(List<string> boundVars, List
       return w;
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex, DatatypeCtor ctor, List<Type> typeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex,
+      DatatypeCtor ctor, Func<List<Type>> getTypeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       if (DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, ctor.EnclosingDatatype, out var coreDtor)) {
         Contract.Assert(coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals.Count == 1);
         Contract.Assert(dtor == coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals[0]); // any other destructor is a ghost
@@ -2058,7 +2064,7 @@ bool IsRepresentedAsBigNumber(Type t) {
     }
 
     protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
-      Expression e0, Expression e1, IToken tok, Type resultType,
+      Type e0Type, Type e1Type, IToken tok, Type resultType,
       out string opString,
       out string preOpString,
       out string postOpString,
@@ -2121,7 +2127,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           break;
 
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.EqCommon: {
-            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyTypeAndTrimNewtypes(Options, e0.Type);
+            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyTypeAndTrimNewtypes(Options, e0Type);
             if (IsDirectlyComparable(eqType)) {
               opString = "===";
             } else if (eqType.IsIntegerType || eqType.IsBitVectorType) {
@@ -2134,7 +2140,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
             break;
           }
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.NeqCommon: {
-            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyTypeAndTrimNewtypes(Options, e0.Type);
+            var eqType = DatatypeWrapperEraser.SimplifyTypeAndTrimNewtypes(Options, e0Type);
             if (IsDirectlyComparable(eqType)) {
               opString = "!==";
             } else if (eqType.IsIntegerType) {
@@ -2151,32 +2157,32 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           }
 
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Lt:
-          if (AsNativeType(e0.Type) != null) {
+          if (AsNativeType(e0Type) != null) {
             opString = "<";
-          } else if (IsRepresentedAsBigNumber(e0.Type) || e0.Type.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
+          } else if (IsRepresentedAsBigNumber(e0Type) || e0Type.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
             callString = "isLessThan";
           } else {
             Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();
           }
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Le:
-          if (AsNativeType(e0.Type) != null) {
+          if (AsNativeType(e0Type) != null) {
             opString = "<=";
-          } else if (IsRepresentedAsBigNumber(e0.Type)) {
+          } else if (IsRepresentedAsBigNumber(e0Type)) {
             callString = "isLessThanOrEqualTo";
-          } else if (e0.Type.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
+          } else if (e0Type.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
             callString = "isAtMost";
           } else {
             Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();
           }
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Ge:
-          if (AsNativeType(e0.Type) != null) {
+          if (AsNativeType(e0Type) != null) {
             opString = ">=";
-          } else if (IsRepresentedAsBigNumber(e0.Type)) {
+          } else if (IsRepresentedAsBigNumber(e0Type)) {
             callString = "isLessThanOrEqualTo";
             reverseArguments = true;
-          } else if (e0.Type.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
+          } else if (e0Type.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
             callString = "isAtMost";
             reverseArguments = true;
           } else {
@@ -2184,9 +2190,9 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           }
           break;
         case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Gt:
-          if (AsNativeType(e0.Type) != null) {
+          if (AsNativeType(e0Type) != null) {
             opString = ">";
-          } else if (IsRepresentedAsBigNumber(e0.Type) || e0.Type.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
+          } else if (IsRepresentedAsBigNumber(e0Type) || e0Type.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
             callString = "isLessThan";
             reverseArguments = true;
           } else {
@@ -2333,7 +2339,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
           staticCallString = $"{DafnySeqClass}.contains"; reverseArguments = true; break;
 
         default:
-          base.CompileBinOp(op, e0, e1, tok, resultType,
+          base.CompileBinOp(op, e0Type, e1Type, tok, resultType,
             out opString, out preOpString, out postOpString, out callString, out staticCallString, out reverseArguments, out truncateResult, out convertE1_to_int, out coerceE1,
             errorWr);
           break;
@@ -2570,9 +2576,10 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitMapBuilder_Add(MapType mt, IToken tok,
       return termLeftWriter;
     }
 
-    protected override string GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmt) {
       // collections are built in place
-      return collName;
+      wr.Write(collName);
     }
 
     protected override void EmitSingleValueGenerator(Expression e, bool inLetExprBody, string type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Library/LibraryBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Library/LibraryBackend.cs
index 1b3504d86a4..b95976a046a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Library/LibraryBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Library/LibraryBackend.cs
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ public LibraryBackend(DafnyOptions options) : base(options) {
   public override IReadOnlySet<string> SupportedExtensions => new HashSet<string> { };
 
   public override string TargetName => "Dafny Library (.doo)";
+
+  /// Some tests still fail when using the lib back-end, for example due to disallowed assumptions being present in the test,
+  /// such as empty constructors with ensures clauses, generated from iterators
   public override bool IsStable => false;
 
   public override string TargetExtension => "doo";
@@ -36,23 +39,7 @@ public override string TargetBaseDir(string dafnyProgramName) =>
   // Necessary since Compiler is null
   public override string ModuleSeparator => ".";
 
-  /// <summary>
-  /// Serializing the state of the Program passed to this backend,
-  /// after resolution, can be problematic.
-  /// If nothing else, very early on in the resolution process
-  /// we create explicit module definitions for implicit ones appearing
-  /// in qualified names such as `module A.B.C { ... }`,
-  /// and this means that multiple .doo files would then not be able to
-  /// share these prefixes without hitting duplicate name errors.
-  ///
-  /// Instead we serialize the state of the program immediately after parsing.
-  /// See also ProgramParser.ParseFiles().
-  /// 
-  /// This could be captured somewhere else, such as on the Program itself,
-  /// if having this state here hampers reuse in the future,
-  /// especially parallel processing.
-  /// </summary>
-  internal Program ProgramAfterParsing { get; set; }
+  public string DooPath { get; set; }
 
   protected override SinglePassCodeGenerator CreateCodeGenerator() {
     return null;
@@ -67,19 +54,12 @@ public override string PublicIdProtect(string name) {
     throw new NotSupportedException();
   }
 
-  public override void Compile(Program dafnyProgram, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
+  public override void Compile(Program dafnyProgram, string dafnyProgramName, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
     if (!Options.UsingNewCli) {
       throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(dafnyProgram.GetStartOfFirstFileToken(), Feature.LegacyCLI);
     }
 
-    var disallowedAssumptions = dafnyProgram.Assumptions(null)
-      .Where(a => !a.desc.allowedInLibraries);
-    foreach (var assumption in disallowedAssumptions) {
-      var message = assumption.desc.issue.Replace("{", "{{").Replace("}", "}}");
-      Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Compiler, assumption.tok, message, message);
-    }
-
-    var dooFile = new DooFile(ProgramAfterParsing);
+    var dooFile = new DooFile(dafnyProgram.AfterParsingClone);
     dooFile.Write(output);
   }
 
@@ -88,21 +68,33 @@ public override void EmitCallToMain(Method mainMethod, string baseName, Concrete
   }
 
   private string DooFilePath(string dafnyProgramName) {
-    return Path.GetFullPath(Path.ChangeExtension(dafnyProgramName, ".doo"));
+    return Path.GetFullPath(Path.ChangeExtension(dafnyProgramName, DooFile.Extension));
   }
 
-  public override Task<(bool Success, object CompilationResult)> CompileTargetProgram(string dafnyProgramName,
+  public override async Task<(bool Success, object CompilationResult)> CompileTargetProgram(string dafnyProgramName,
     string targetProgramText, string callToMain,
     string targetFilename,
     ReadOnlyCollection<string> otherFileNames, bool runAfterCompile, TextWriter outputWriter) {
 
     var targetDirectory = Path.GetFullPath(Path.GetDirectoryName(targetFilename));
-    var dooPath = DooFilePath(dafnyProgramName);
+    DooPath = DooFilePath(dafnyProgramName);
 
-    File.Delete(dooPath);
-    ZipFile.CreateFromDirectory(targetDirectory, dooPath);
+    File.Delete(DooPath);
+
+    try {
+      ZipFile.CreateFromDirectory(targetDirectory, DooPath);
+    } catch (IOException) {
+      if (File.Exists(DooPath)) {
+        await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Failed to delete doo file at {DooPath}");
+      }
+
+      throw;
+    }
+    if (Options.Verbose) {
+      await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Wrote Dafny library to {DooPath}");
+    }
 
-    return Task.FromResult((true, (object)null));
+    return (true, null);
   }
 
   public override Task<bool> RunTargetProgram(string dafnyProgramName, string targetProgramText, string callToMain,
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Python/PythonBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Python/PythonBackend.cs
index 38a571e5493..c3399cc4e9d 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Python/PythonBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Python/PythonBackend.cs
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
+using System.CommandLine;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
@@ -26,10 +28,27 @@ public override string TargetBaseDir(string dafnyProgramName) =>
   public override bool SupportsInMemoryCompilation => false;
   public override bool TextualTargetIsExecutable => true;
 
+  public bool PythonModuleMode { get; set; } = true;
+  public string PythonModuleName;
+
+  public static readonly Option<string> PythonModuleNameCliOption = new("--python-module-name",
+    @"This Option is used to specify the Python Module Name for the translated code".TrimStart()) {
+  };
+  public override IEnumerable<Option<string>> SupportedOptions => new List<Option<string>> { PythonModuleNameCliOption };
+
+  static PythonBackend() {
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(PythonModuleNameCliOption, OptionScope.Translation);
+  }
+
   public override IReadOnlySet<string> SupportedNativeTypes =>
     new HashSet<string> { "byte", "sbyte", "ushort", "short", "uint", "int", "number", "ulong", "long" };
 
   protected override SinglePassCodeGenerator CreateCodeGenerator() {
+    var pythonModuleName = Options.Get(PythonModuleNameCliOption);
+    PythonModuleMode = pythonModuleName != null;
+    if (PythonModuleMode) {
+      PythonModuleName = pythonModuleName;
+    }
     return new PythonCodeGenerator(Options, Reporter);
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Python/PythonCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Python/PythonCodeGenerator.cs
index 46bff6f8464..8d1f54c2628 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Python/PythonCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Python/PythonCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -4,19 +4,34 @@
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Numerics;
 using DafnyCore.Backends.Python;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using Microsoft.BaseTypes;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers {
 
   class PythonCodeGenerator : SinglePassCodeGenerator {
+
+    private bool PythonModuleMode;
+    private string PythonModuleName;
+
     public PythonCodeGenerator(DafnyOptions options, ErrorReporter reporter) : base(options, reporter) {
+      var pythonModuleName = Options.Get(PythonBackend.PythonModuleNameCliOption);
+      PythonModuleMode = pythonModuleName != null;
+      if (PythonModuleMode) {
+        PythonModuleName = pythonModuleName.ToString();
+      }
+
       if (Options?.CoverageLegendFile != null) {
-        Imports.Add("DafnyProfiling");
+        Imports.Add("DafnyProfiling", "DafnyProfiling");
       }
     }
 
-    private readonly List<string> Imports = new() { DafnyDefaultModule };
+    // Key: Fully-qualified module name with python-module-name/outer-module
+    // Value: Dafny-generated Python module name without python-module-name/outer-module
+    // This separation is used to identify nested extern modules,
+    //   which currently cannot be used with python-module-name/outer-module.
+    private readonly Dictionary<string, string> Imports = new Dictionary<string, string>();
 
     public override IReadOnlySet<Feature> UnsupportedFeatures => new HashSet<Feature> {
       Feature.SubsetTypeTests,
@@ -28,6 +43,8 @@ public PythonCodeGenerator(DafnyOptions options, ErrorReporter reporter) : base(
 
     private const string DafnyRuntimeModule = "_dafny";
     private const string DafnyDefaultModule = "module_";
+    private const string DafnySystemModule = "System_";
+    private static readonly ISet<string> DafnyRuntimeGeneratedModuleNames = new HashSet<string> { DafnySystemModule, };
     const string DafnySetClass = $"{DafnyRuntimeModule}.Set";
     const string DafnyMultiSetClass = $"{DafnyRuntimeModule}.MultiSet";
     const string DafnySeqClass = $"{DafnyRuntimeModule}.Seq";
@@ -56,8 +73,8 @@ protected override void EmitHeader(Program program, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
         EmitRuntimeSource("DafnyStandardLibraries_py", wr);
       }
 
-      Imports.Add(DafnyRuntimeModule);
-      EmitImports(null, wr);
+      Imports.Add(DafnyRuntimeModule, DafnyRuntimeModule);
+      EmitImports(null, null, wr);
       wr.WriteLine();
     }
 
@@ -82,30 +99,112 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateStaticMain(IClassWriter cw, string a
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition externModule,
-      string libraryName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      moduleName = IdProtect(moduleName);
-      var file = wr.NewFile($"{moduleName}.py");
-      EmitImports(moduleName, file);
+      string libraryName, Attributes moduleAttributes, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      var pythonModuleName = PythonModuleMode ? PythonModuleName + "." : "";
+
+      moduleName = PublicModuleIdProtect(moduleName);
+      // Nested extern modules should be written inside a folder
+      var file = wr.NewFile($"{moduleName.Replace(".", "/")}.py");
+      EmitImports(moduleName, pythonModuleName, file);
       return file;
     }
 
-    protected override void DependOnModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition externModule,
+    protected override void DependOnModule(Program program, ModuleDefinition module, ModuleDefinition externModule,
       string libraryName) {
-      moduleName = IdProtect(moduleName);
-      Imports.Add(moduleName);
+      var dependencyPythonModuleName = "";
+
+      // If the module being depended on was compiled using module mode,
+      // this module needs to rely on it using the dependency's translation record,
+      // even if this module is not using module mode
+      var translatedRecord = program.Compilation.AlreadyTranslatedRecord;
+      translatedRecord.OptionsByModule.TryGetValue(module.FullDafnyName, out var moduleOptions);
+      object dependencyModuleName = null;
+      moduleOptions?.TryGetValue(PythonBackend.PythonModuleNameCliOption.Name, out dependencyModuleName);
+      if (dependencyModuleName is string && !string.IsNullOrEmpty((string)dependencyModuleName)) {
+        dependencyPythonModuleName = dependencyModuleName is string name ? (string)dependencyModuleName + "." : "";
+        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(dependencyPythonModuleName)) {
+          Reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Compiler, ResolutionErrors.ErrorId.none, Token.Cli,
+            $"Python Module Name not found for the module {module.GetCompileName(Options)}");
+        }
+      }
+
+      var dependencyCompileName = IdProtect(module.GetCompileName(Options));
+      // Don't import an empty module.
+      // Empty modules aren't generated, so their imports aren't valid.
+      if (!TranslationRecord.ModuleEmptyForCompilation(module)) {
+        Imports.Add(dependencyPythonModuleName + dependencyCompileName, dependencyCompileName);
+      }
     }
 
-    private void EmitImports(string moduleName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    private void EmitImports(string moduleName, string pythonModuleName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       wr.WriteLine("import sys");
       wr.WriteLine("from typing import Callable, Any, TypeVar, NamedTuple");
       wr.WriteLine("from math import floor");
       wr.WriteLine("from itertools import count");
       wr.WriteLine();
-      Imports.ForEach(module => wr.WriteLine($"import {module}"));
+      // Don't emit `import module_` for generated modules in the DafnyRuntimePython.
+      // The DafnyRuntimePython doesn't have a module.py file, so the import isn't valid.
+      if (!(DafnyRuntimeGeneratedModuleNames.Contains(moduleName))) {
+        wr.WriteLine($"import {(PythonModuleMode ? PythonModuleName + "." + DafnyDefaultModule : DafnyDefaultModule)} as {DafnyDefaultModule}");
+      }
+      foreach (var module in Imports) {
+        if (module.Value.Contains(".")) {
+          // This code branch only applies to extern modules. (ex. module {:extern "a.b.c"})
+          // If module.Value has `.`s in it, it is a nested extern module.
+          // (Non-extern nested modules with `.`s in their names
+          // will have their `.`s replaced with `_` before this code is executed,
+          // ex. module M.N --> "M_N", and will not hit this branch.)
+          // 
+          // Nested externs currently CANNOT be used with python-module-name:
+          //
+          // 1. (Python behavior; not able to be changed)
+          // Aliased Python modules cannot have `.`s in their name.
+          // ex. with `import X as Y`, `Y` cannot have `.`s.
+          //
+          // 2. (Dafny behavior; able to be changed, but don't need to change)
+          // Inside Dafny-generated Python modules,
+          // references to modules do not contain the python-module-name prefix.
+          // ex. If python-module-name=X.Y, and we have nested extern module "a.b.c",
+          //     code generation ignores the prefix and writes `a.b.c`.
+          //     Similarly, an extern non-nested module `E` is not prefixed and is generated as `E`,
+          //     and a non-extern nested module `M.N` is prefixed and generated as `X.Y.M_N`.
+          // (Similarly, extern modules do not contain the outer-module prefix).
+          // 
+          // 1. and 2. taken together prevent nested extern modules from being used with python-module-name.
+          // The reference to the nested extern inside generated code MUST be `a.b.c` due to 1).
+          // However, the aliased import cannot have `.`s in it due to 2).
+          // So nested externs cannot be aliased.
+          // Nested non-externs can be aliased (since, in 2., any nested `.`s are replaced with `_`s).
+          // Non-nested externs can be aliased (since, in 2., `Y` does not have `.`s).
+          //
+          // There are several possible paths to supporting these features together:
+          // - Modify behavior in 1 to apply prefixe (python-module-name/outer-module) to externs.
+          //   This is out of scope for python-module-name, since the outer-module prefix also does not apply to externs.
+          //   These are both "prefixes", and I expect any solution for python-module-name should also apply to outer-module.
+          // - Modify nested extern behavior to replace `.`s with `_`s, similar to nested non-externs.
+          if (!module.Value.Equals(module.Key)) {
+            throw new NotSupportedException($"Nested extern modules cannot be used with python-module-name. Nested extern: {module.Value}");
+          }
+          // Import the nested extern module directly.
+          // ex. module {:extern "a.b.c"} ==> `import a.b.c`
+          wr.WriteLine($"import {module.Value}");
+        } else {
+          // Here, module.Key == [python-module-name][outer-module][module.Value].
+          // However, in the body of the generated module, Dafny-generated code only references module.Value.
+          // Alias the import to module.Value so generated code can use the module.
+          //
+          // ex. python-module-name `X.Y`, outer-module=`A.B`:
+          // module `M` ==> `import X.Y.A_B_M as M`
+          // module `M.N` ==> `import X.Y.A_B_M_N as M_N`
+          // non-nested extern module `E` ==> `import X.Y.E as E` (outer-module prefix not applied to externs)
+          // nested extern modules not supported with python-module-name/outer-module prefixes.
+          wr.WriteLine($"import {module.Key} as {module.Value}");
+        }
+      }
       if (moduleName != null) {
         wr.WriteLine();
         wr.WriteLine($"# Module: {moduleName}");
-        Imports.Add(moduleName);
+        Imports.Add(pythonModuleName + moduleName, moduleName);
       }
     }
 
@@ -170,7 +269,7 @@ protected override IClassWriter CreateTrait(string name, bool isExtern, List<Typ
     }
 
     protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateIterator(IteratorDecl iter, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      var cw = (ClassWriter)CreateClass(IdProtect(iter.EnclosingModuleDefinition.GetCompileName(Options)), IdName(iter), false,
+      var cw = (ClassWriter)CreateClass(PublicModuleIdProtect(iter.EnclosingModuleDefinition.GetCompileName(Options)), IdName(iter), false,
         iter.FullName, iter.TypeArgs, iter, null, iter.tok, wr);
       var constructorWriter = cw.ConstructorWriter;
       var w = cw.MethodWriter;
@@ -275,7 +374,7 @@ from dtor in ctor.Destructors
                                    where dtor.EnclosingCtors[0] == ctor
                                    select dtor.CorrespondingFormals[0] into arg
                                    where !arg.IsGhost
-                                   select IdProtect(arg.CompileName)) {
+                                   select IdProtect(arg.GetOrCreateCompileName(dt.CodeGenIdGenerator))) {
           w.WriteLine("@property");
           w.NewBlockPy($"def {destructor}(self):")
             .WriteLine($"return self._get().{destructor}");
@@ -346,7 +445,7 @@ private void DatatypeFieldsAndConstructor(DatatypeCtor ctor, ConcreteSyntaxTree
 
     private string DtCtorDeclarationName(DatatypeCtor ctor, bool full = false) {
       var dt = ctor.EnclosingDatatype;
-      return $"{(full ? dt.GetFullCompileName(Options) : dt.GetCompileName(Options))}_{ctor.GetCompileName(Options)}";
+      return $"{(full ? dt.GetFullCompileName(Options) : IdProtect(dt.GetCompileName(Options)))}_{ctor.GetCompileName(Options)}";
     }
 
     protected IClassWriter DeclareType(TopLevelDecl d, SubsetTypeDecl.WKind witnessKind, Expression witness, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
@@ -504,8 +603,8 @@ private ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateGetterSetter(string name, bool createBody, out
       if (createBody) {
         return getterWriter;
       }
-      getterWriter.WriteLine($"return self._{name}");
-      setterWriter.WriteLine($"self._{name} = value");
+      getterWriter.WriteLine($"return self.{InternalFieldPrefix}{name}");
+      setterWriter.WriteLine($"self.{InternalFieldPrefix}{name} = value");
       setterWriter = null;
       return null;
     }
@@ -656,11 +755,11 @@ internal override string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok,
 
       if (xType.AsNewtype != null && member == null) {
         // when member is given, use UserDefinedType case below
-        var nativeType = xType.AsNewtype.NativeType;
-        if (nativeType != null) {
+        var newtypeDecl = xType.AsNewtype;
+        if (newtypeDecl.NativeType is { } nativeType) {
           return GetNativeTypeName(nativeType);
         }
-        return TypeName(xType.AsNewtype.BaseType, wr, tok, member);
+        return TypeName(newtypeDecl.ConcreteBaseType(xType.TypeArgs), wr, tok);
       }
 
       switch (xType) {
@@ -686,8 +785,11 @@ internal override string TypeName(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok,
     }
 
     private string FullName(TopLevelDecl decl) {
-      var localDefinition = decl.EnclosingModuleDefinition == enclosingModule;
-      return IdProtect(localDefinition ? decl.GetCompileName(Options) : decl.GetFullCompileName(Options));
+      var segments = new List<string> { IdProtect(decl.GetCompileName(Options)) };
+      if (decl.EnclosingModuleDefinition != enclosingModule) {
+        segments = decl.EnclosingModuleDefinition.GetCompileName(Options).Split('.').Select(PublicModuleIdProtect).Concat(segments).ToList();
+      }
+      return string.Join('.', segments);
     }
 
     protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, IToken tok,
@@ -753,7 +855,7 @@ protected override string TypeInitializationValue(Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree
                 if (td.Witness != null) {
                   return TypeName_UDT(FullName(cl), udt, wr, udt.tok) + ".default()";
                 } else {
-                  return TypeInitializationValue(td.BaseType, wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
+                  return TypeInitializationValue(td.ConcreteBaseType(udt.TypeArgs), wr, tok, usePlaceboValue, constructTypeParameterDefaultsFromTypeDescriptors);
                 }
 
               case DatatypeDecl dt:
@@ -1154,6 +1256,21 @@ public override string PublicIdProtect(string name) {
       };
     }
 
+
+    private readonly HashSet<string> ReservedModuleNames = new() {
+      "itertools",
+      "math",
+      "typing",
+      "sys"
+    };
+
+    private string PublicModuleIdProtect(string name) {
+      if (ReservedModuleNames.Contains(name)) {
+        return "_" + name;
+      }
+      return IdProtect(name);
+    }
+
     protected override string FullTypeName(UserDefinedType udt, MemberDecl member = null) {
       if (udt is ArrowType) {
         //TODO: Add deeper types
@@ -1169,7 +1286,7 @@ protected override string FullTypeName(UserDefinedType udt, MemberDecl member =
       };
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitThis(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, bool callToInheritedMember) {
+    protected override void EmitThis(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, bool _ = false) {
       var isTailRecursive = enclosingMethod is { IsTailRecursive: true } || enclosingFunction is { IsTailRecursive: true };
       wr.Write(isTailRecursive ? "_this" : "self");
     }
@@ -1271,14 +1388,14 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
         case SpecialField sf: {
             GetSpecialFieldInfo(sf.SpecialId, sf.IdParam, objType, out var compiledName, out _, out _);
             return SimpleLvalue(w => {
-              var customReceiver = NeedsCustomReceiver(sf) && sf.EnclosingClass is not TraitDecl;
+              var customReceiver = NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(sf);
               if (sf.IsStatic || customReceiver) {
                 w.Write(TypeName_Companion(objType, w, member.tok, member));
               } else {
                 obj(w);
               }
               if (compiledName.Length > 0) {
-                w.Write($".{(sf is ConstantField && internalAccess ? "_" : "")}{compiledName}");
+                w.Write($".{(sf is ConstantField && internalAccess ? InternalFieldPrefix : "")}{compiledName}");
               }
               var sep = "(";
               EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, member.EnclosingClass, member, false), member.tok, w, ref sep);
@@ -1303,7 +1420,7 @@ protected override ILvalue EmitMemberSelect(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj, Type
               return SuffixLvalue(obj, $".{IdName(fn)}");
             }
             return SimpleLvalue(w => {
-              var args = fn.Formals
+              var args = fn.Ins
                 .Where(f => !f.IsGhost)
                 .Select(_ => ProtectedFreshId("_eta"))
                 .Comma();
@@ -1394,7 +1511,7 @@ protected override void EmitSeqConstructionExpr(SeqConstructionExpr expr, bool i
       wr.Write(DafnySeqMakerFunction);
       if (expr.Initializer is LambdaExpr lam) {
         valueExpression = Expr(lam.Body, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
-        var binder = IdProtect(lam.BoundVars[0].CompileName);
+        var binder = IdProtect(lam.BoundVars[0].GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator));
         wr.Write($"([{valueExpression} for {binder} in {range}])");
       } else {
         valueExpression = Expr(expr.Initializer, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
@@ -1424,14 +1541,15 @@ protected override ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitBetaRedex(List<string> boundVars, List
       return EmitReturnExpr(wrBody);
     }
 
-    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex, DatatypeCtor ctor,
-        List<Type> typeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected override void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex,
+      DatatypeCtor ctor,
+      Func<List<Type>> getTypeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       source(wr);
       if (DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, ctor.EnclosingDatatype, out var coreDtor)) {
         Contract.Assert(coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals.Count == 1);
         Contract.Assert(dtor == coreDtor.CorrespondingFormals[0]); // any other destructor is a ghost
       } else {
-        wr.Write(ctor.EnclosingDatatype is TupleTypeDecl ? $"[{dtor.NameForCompilation}]" : $".{IdProtect(dtor.CompileName)}");
+        wr.Write(ctor.EnclosingDatatype is TupleTypeDecl ? $"[{dtor.NameForCompilation}]" : $".{IdProtect(dtor.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator))}");
       }
     }
 
@@ -1505,7 +1623,7 @@ protected override void EmitUnaryExpr(ResolvedUnaryOp op, Expression expr, bool
     }
 
     protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
-      Expression e0, Expression e1, IToken tok, Type resultType,
+      Type e0Type, Type e1Type, IToken tok, Type resultType,
       out string opString,
       out string preOpString,
       out string postOpString,
@@ -1646,7 +1764,7 @@ protected override void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
 
 
         default:
-          base.CompileBinOp(op, e0, e1, tok, resultType,
+          base.CompileBinOp(op, e0Type, e1Type, tok, resultType,
             out opString, out preOpString, out postOpString, out callString, out staticCallString, out reverseArguments,
             out truncateResult, out convertE1_to_int, out coerceE1,
             errorWr);
@@ -1827,8 +1945,9 @@ protected override Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> GetSubtypeCondition(string tmpVarN
         : $"{tmpVarName} is None or {typeTest}");
     }
 
-    protected override string GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
-      return TypeHelperName(ct) + $"({collName})";
+    protected override void GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmt) {
+      wr.Write(TypeHelperName(ct) + $"({collName})");
     }
 
     protected override (Type, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree>) EmitIntegerRange(Type type, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> wLo, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> wHi) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyBackend.cs
index 717cb0dfc16..dd3a4d3192b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyBackend.cs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 public class ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyBackend : DafnyExecutableBackend {
-
+  protected override bool CanEmitUncompilableCode => false;
   public override IReadOnlySet<string> SupportedExtensions => new HashSet<string> { ".dfy" };
   public override string TargetName => "ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny";
   public override bool IsStable => true;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyCodeGenerator.cs
index b27bd71b57b..73dd85af21f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 class ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyCodeGenerator : DafnyWrittenCodeGenerator {
 
-  public override ISequence<Rune> Compile(Sequence<DAST.Module> program) {
-    return COMP.Compile(program);
+  public override void Compile(Sequence<DAST.Module> program, Sequence<ISequence<Rune>> otherFiles, ConcreteSyntaxTree w) {
+    w.Write(COMP.Compile(program).ToVerbatimString(false));
   }
 
   public override ISequence<Rune> EmitCallToMain(string fullName) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-coverage.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-coverage.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..10177703d1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-coverage.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+/*This module exists to increase code coverage of the generated code
+  All modules ending with "Coverage" will be compiled to DafnyCore.Test */
+module DafnyToRustCompilerCoverage {
+  module RASTCoverage {
+    import opened RAST
+    import opened Std.Wrappers
+    import opened DAST.Format
+    import Strings = Std.Strings
+    import FactorPathsOptimizationTest
+
+    method TestExpr() {
+      TestOptimizeToString();
+      TestPrintingInfo();
+      TestNoExtraSemicolonAfter();
+      FactorPathsOptimizationTest.TestApply();
+    }
+
+    method TestNoOptimize(e: Expr)
+      //requires e.Optimize() == e // Too expensive
+    {
+    }
+
+    function ConversionNum(t: Type, x: Expr): Expr {
+      Call(
+        ExprFromPath(
+          PMemberSelect(
+            PMemberSelect(
+              Global(),
+              "dafny_runtime"),
+            "truncate!")),
+        [x, ExprFromType(t)])
+    }
+
+    function DafnyIntLiteral(s: string): Expr {
+      Call(ExprFromPath(PMemberSelect(dafny_runtime, "int!")), [LiteralInt("1")])
+    }
+
+    method TestOptimizeToString() {
+      var x := Identifier("x");
+      var y := Identifier("y");
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("&", Call(Select(x, "clone"), []), UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat).Optimize()
+                     == UnaryOp("&", x, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat));
+      TestNoOptimize(UnaryOp("&", Call(Select(x, "clone"), [y]), UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat));
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("!", BinaryOp("==", x, y, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat),
+                             CombineFormat()).Optimize() == BinaryOp("!=", x, y, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat));
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("!", BinaryOp("<", x, y, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat),
+                             CombineFormat()).Optimize() == BinaryOp(">=", x, y, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat()));
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("!", BinaryOp("<", x, y, ReverseFormat()),
+                             CombineFormat()).Optimize() == BinaryOp("<=", y, x, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat()));
+      AssertCoverage(ConversionNum(I128, DafnyIntLiteral("1")).Optimize() == LiteralInt("1"));
+      TestNoOptimize(ConversionNum(I128, x));
+      AssertCoverage(StmtExpr(DeclareVar(MUT, "z", Some(I128), None), StmtExpr(AssignVar("z", y), RawExpr("return"))).Optimize()
+                     == StmtExpr(DeclareVar(MUT, "z", Some(I128), Some(y)), RawExpr("return")));
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(DeclareVar(MUT, "z", Some(I128), None), StmtExpr(AssignVar("w", y), RawExpr("return"))));
+
+      TestNoOptimize(x);
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(x, x));
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(Match(x, []), x));
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(StructBuild(x, []), x));
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(Tuple([]), x));
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(UnaryOp("&", x, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat), x));
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(BinaryOp("&&", x, x, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat), x));
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(TypeAscription(x, I128), x));
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(LiteralInt("1"), x));
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(LiteralString("2", true, false), x));
+      TestNoOptimize(StmtExpr(LiteralString("3", false, true), x));
+      AssertCoverage(StmtExpr(DeclareVar(MUT, "z", Some(I128), None), StmtExpr(AssignVar("z", y), RawExpr("return"))).Optimize()
+                     == StmtExpr(DeclareVar(MUT, "z", Some(I128), Some(y)), RawExpr("return")));
+
+      var coverageExpression := [
+        RawExpr("abc"),
+        Identifier("x"),
+        Match(Identifier("x"), [MatchCase(RawPattern("abc"), Identifier("x"))]),
+        StmtExpr(RawExpr("panic!()"), Identifier("a")),
+        Block(RawExpr("abc")),
+        StructBuild(Identifier("dummy"), [AssignIdentifier("foo", Identifier("bar"))]),
+        StructBuild(Identifier("dummy"), [AssignIdentifier("foo", Identifier("bar")), AssignIdentifier("foo2", Identifier("bar"))]),
+        Tuple([Identifier("x")]),
+        UnaryOp("-", Identifier("x"), UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat),
+        BinaryOp("+", Identifier("x"), Identifier("y"), BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat),
+        TypeAscription(Identifier("x"), I128),
+        LiteralInt("322"),
+        LiteralString("abc", true, false),
+        LiteralString("abc", false, true),
+        DeclareVar(MUT, "abc", Some(I128), None),
+        DeclareVar(CONST, "abc", None, Some(Identifier("x"))),
+        AssignVar("abc", Identifier("x")),
+        IfExpr(Identifier("x"), Identifier("x"), Identifier("x")),
+        Loop(Some(Identifier("x")), Identifier("x")),
+        For("abc", Identifier("x"), Identifier("x")),
+        Labelled("abc", Identifier("x")),
+        Break(None),
+        Break(Some("l")),
+        Continue(None),
+        Continue(Some("l")),
+        Return(None),
+        Return(Some(Identifier("x"))),
+        Call(Identifier("x"), []),
+        Call(Identifier("x"), [Identifier("x"), Identifier("y")]),
+        CallType(Identifier("x"), [I128, U32]),
+        Select(Identifier("x"), "abc"),
+        ExprFromPath(PMemberSelect(Crate(), "abc")),
+        ExprFromPath(PMemberSelect(Global(), "abc"))
+      ];
+      for i := 0 to |coverageExpression| {
+        var c := coverageExpression[i];
+        var _ := c.printingInfo;
+        var _ := c.Optimize();
+        var _ := map[c := c.ToString("")];
+        var _ := StmtExpr(DeclareVar(MUT, "abc", Some(I128), None), c).Optimize();
+        var _ := StmtExpr(DeclareVar(MUT, "abc", Some(I128), None), StmtExpr(AssignVar("abc", c), RawExpr(""))).Optimize();
+        var _ := UnaryOp("&", c, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat()).Optimize();
+        var _ := UnaryOp("!", c, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat()).Optimize();
+        var _ := ConversionNum(U8, c).Optimize();
+        var _ := ConversionNum(U8, Call(c, [])).Optimize();
+        var _ := c.RightMostIdentifier();
+
+      }
+    }
+
+    method TestPrintingInfo() {
+      var x := Identifier("x");
+      var y := Identifier("y");
+      var bnf := BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat;
+      AssertCoverage(RawExpr("x").printingInfo.UnknownPrecedence?);
+      AssertCoverage(x.printingInfo == Precedence(1));
+      AssertCoverage(LiteralInt("3").printingInfo == Precedence(1));
+      AssertCoverage(LiteralString("abc", true, false).printingInfo == Precedence(1));
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("?", x, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat).printingInfo == SuffixPrecedence(5));
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("-", x, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat).printingInfo == Precedence(6));
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("*", x, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat).printingInfo == Precedence(6));
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("!", x, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat).printingInfo == Precedence(6));
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("&", x, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat).printingInfo == Precedence(6));
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("&mut", x, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat).printingInfo == Precedence(6));
+      AssertCoverage(UnaryOp("!!", x, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat).printingInfo == UnknownPrecedence());
+      AssertCoverage(Select(x, "name").printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(2, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(ExprFromPath(PMemberSelect(Global(), "name")).printingInfo == Precedence(2));
+      AssertCoverage(Call(x, []).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(2, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(TypeAscription(x, I128).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(10, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("*", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(20, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("/", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(20, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("%", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(20, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("+", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(30, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("-", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(30, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("<<", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(40, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp(">>", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(40, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("&", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(50, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("^", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(60, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("|", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(70, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("==", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(80, RequiresParentheses));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("!=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(80, RequiresParentheses));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("<", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(80, RequiresParentheses));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp(">", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(80, RequiresParentheses));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("<=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(80, RequiresParentheses));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp(">=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(80, RequiresParentheses));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("&&", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(90, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("||", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(100, LeftToRight));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("..", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RequiresParentheses));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("..=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RequiresParentheses));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("+=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("-=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("*=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("/=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("%=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("&=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("|=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("^=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("<<=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp(">>=", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft));
+      AssertCoverage(BinaryOp("?!?", x, y, bnf).printingInfo == PrecedenceAssociativity(0, RequiresParentheses));
+      AssertCoverage(Break(None).printingInfo == UnknownPrecedence());
+    }
+
+    method AssertCoverage(x: bool)
+      //requires x // Too expensive
+    {
+    }
+
+    method TestNoExtraSemicolonAfter() {
+      AssertCoverage(RawExpr(";").NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      AssertCoverage(!RawExpr("a").NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      AssertCoverage(Return(None).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      AssertCoverage(Continue(None).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      AssertCoverage(Break(None).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      AssertCoverage(AssignVar("x", Identifier("y")).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      AssertCoverage(DeclareVar(MUT, "x", None, None).NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+      AssertCoverage(!Identifier("x").NoExtraSemicolonAfter());
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-path-simplification.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-path-simplification.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4956c4d01e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-path-simplification.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+module FactorPathsOptimizationTest {
+  export provides TestApply
+  import opened RAST
+  import opened FactorPathsOptimization
+
+  method ShouldBeEqual(a: Mod, b: Mod) {
+    var sA := a.ToString("");
+    var sB := b.ToString("");
+    if sA != sB {
+      print "Got:\n" + sA + "\n";
+      print "Expected:\n" + sB + "\n";
+      expect sA == sB;
+    }
+  }
+
+  method TestApply() {
+    var T_Decl := TypeParamDecl("T", [DafnyType]);
+    var T_Decl_simp := TypeParamDecl("T", [TIdentifier("DafnyType")]);
+    var T := TIdentifier("T");
+    var std_any_Any := global.MSel("std").MSel("any").MSel("Any");
+    var Any := TIdentifier("Any");
+    ShouldBeEqual(apply(crate)(
+                    Mod("onemodule", [], [
+                          StructDecl(
+                            Struct([], "test", [T_Decl],
+                                   NamedFields([Field(PUB, Formal("a", std_any_Any.AsType()))]))),
+                          //                                   ::std::any::Any ==> Any
+                          ImplDecl(Impl([T_Decl], TIdentifier("test").Apply([T]), "", [])),
+                          ImplDecl(
+                            ImplFor(
+                              [T_Decl], std_any_Any.AsType(), crate.MSel("onemodule").MSel("test").AsType().Apply([T]), "", []))
+                          //         ::std::any::Any ==> Any  crate::onemodule::test ==> test
+                        ])),
+                  Mod("onemodule", [], [
+                        UseDecl(Use(PUB, dafny_runtime.MSel("DafnyType"))),
+                        UseDecl(Use(PUB, std_any_Any)),
+                        StructDecl(
+                          Struct([], "test", [T_Decl_simp],
+                                 NamedFields([Field(PUB, Formal("a", Any))]))),
+                        ImplDecl(Impl([T_Decl_simp], TIdentifier("test").Apply([T]), "", [])),
+                        ImplDecl(ImplFor([T_Decl_simp], Any, TIdentifier("test").Apply([T]), "", []))
+                      ]));
+    ShouldBeEqual(apply(crate)(
+                    Mod("onemodule", [], [
+                          ImplDecl(
+                            ImplFor(
+                              [T_Decl], dafny_runtime.MSel("UpcastObject").AsType().Apply([TIdentifier("x")]),
+                              TIdentifier("test").Apply([T]), "", []))
+                        ])),
+                  Mod("onemodule", [], [
+                        UseDecl(Use(PUB, dafny_runtime.MSel("DafnyType"))),
+                        UseDecl(Use(PUB, dafny_runtime.MSel("UpcastObject"))),
+                        ImplDecl(
+                          ImplFor(
+                            [T_Decl_simp], TIdentifier("UpcastObject").Apply([TIdentifier("x")]),
+                            TIdentifier("test").Apply([T]), "", []))
+                      ]));
+  }
+}
+
+module FactorPathsOptimization {
+  export provides apply, RAST
+  import Std
+  import opened RAST
+  export Std
+
+  /*function Debug<T>(s: T, msg: string): T {
+    s
+  } by method {
+    print msg, ":", s, "\n";
+    return s;
+  }*/
+
+  function apply(thisFile: Path): (Mod -> Mod) {
+    (mod: Mod) => applyPrefix(mod, thisFile.MSel(mod.name))
+  }
+
+  function applyPrefix(mod: Mod, SelfPath: Path): Mod {
+    if mod.ExternMod? then mod else
+    var initialMapping: Mapping := Mapping(map[], []);
+    var mappings: Mapping :=
+      mod.Fold(initialMapping, (current, modDecl) => GatherModMapping(SelfPath, modDecl, current));
+    //var _ := Debug(mappings, "Mappings");
+    var pathsToRemove := mappings.ToFinalReplacement();
+    var imports := mappings.ToUseStatements(pathsToRemove, SelfPath);
+    var rewrittenDeclarations :=
+      mod.Fold([], (current, modDecl) requires modDecl < mod =>
+                 current + [ReplaceModDecl(modDecl, SelfPath, pathsToRemove)]
+      );
+    mod.(body := imports + rewrittenDeclarations)
+  }
+
+  opaque function UniqueElementOf<T>(s: set<T>): (r: T)
+    requires |s| == 1
+    ensures r in s
+  {
+    assert forall e: T, e': T | e in s && e' in s :: e == e' by {
+      forall e: T, e': T | e in s && e' in s ensures e == e' {
+        if e != e' {
+          assert e' in (s - {e});
+          assert |s - {e}| == 0;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    var e :| e in s;
+    e
+  }
+
+  datatype Mapping = Mapping(
+    provenance: map<string, set<Path>>,
+    keys: seq<string>
+  ) {
+    function Add(k: string, path: Path): Mapping {
+      if k in provenance then
+        this.(provenance := provenance[k := provenance[k] + {path}])
+      else
+        this.(provenance := provenance[k := {path}], keys := keys + [k])
+    }
+
+    function ToFinalReplacement(): FinalReplacement {
+      map identifier <- provenance, paths
+        | paths == provenance[identifier] &&
+          (|| |paths| == 1
+           || exists p <- paths :: p == dafny_runtime)
+        ::
+          identifier := if |paths| == 1 then UniqueElementOf(paths) else dafny_runtime
+    }
+    function ToUseStatements(finalReplacement: FinalReplacement, SelfPath: Path): seq<ModDecl>
+      requires finalReplacement == ToFinalReplacement()
+    {
+      var toUse := Std.Collections.Seq.Filter(
+                     (key: string) => key in finalReplacement && finalReplacement[key] != SelfPath, keys);
+      seq(|toUse|, i requires 0 <= i < |toUse| =>
+        UseDecl(Use(PUB, finalReplacement[toUse[i]].MSel(toUse[i]))))
+    }
+  }
+
+  type FinalReplacement = map<string, Path>
+
+  function GatherTypeParams(typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>, current: Mapping): Mapping {
+    FoldLeft( (current: Mapping, t: TypeParamDecl) =>
+                FoldLeft( (current: Mapping, t: Type) =>
+                            GatherTypeMapping(t, current),
+                          current, t.constraints),
+              current, typeParams)
+  }
+
+  function GatherFields(fields: Fields, current: Mapping): Mapping {
+    match fields {
+      case NamedFields(sFields) =>
+        FoldLeft( (current: Mapping, f: Field) =>
+                    GatherTypeMapping(f.formal.tpe, current),
+                  current, sFields)
+      case NamelessFields(sFields) =>
+        FoldLeft( (current: Mapping, f: NamelessField) =>
+                    GatherTypeMapping(f.tpe, current),
+                  current, sFields)
+    }
+  }
+
+  function GatherModMapping(prefix: Path, modDecl: ModDecl, current: Mapping): Mapping {
+    match modDecl {
+      case ModDecl(mod) =>
+        current.Add(mod.name, prefix) // Modules must be handled independently
+      case StructDecl(struct) =>
+        GatherStructMapping(struct, current.Add(struct.name, prefix))
+      case TypeDecl(tpe) =>
+        current.Add(tpe.name, prefix)
+      case ConstDecl(c) =>
+        current.Add(c.name, prefix)
+      case EnumDecl(enum) =>
+        current.Add(enum.name, prefix)
+      case ImplDecl(impl) =>
+        GatherImplMapping(impl, current)
+      case TraitDecl(tr) =>
+        current
+      case TopFnDecl(fn) =>
+        current.Add(fn.fn.name, prefix)
+      case UseDecl(use) => // Used for externs with *, we can't extract any name
+        current
+    }
+  }
+
+  function GatherStructMapping(struct: Struct, current: Mapping): Mapping {
+    GatherTypeParams(struct.typeParams, current)
+  }
+
+  function GatherTypeMapping(tpe: Type, current: Mapping): Mapping {
+    tpe.Fold(current, (current: Mapping, t: Type) =>
+               match t {
+                 case TypeFromPath(PMemberSelect(base, name)) => current.Add(name, base)
+                 case _ => current
+               }
+    )
+  }
+
+  function GatherImplMapping(impl: Impl, current: Mapping): Mapping {
+    match impl {
+      case ImplFor(typeParams, tpe, forType, where, body) =>
+        var current := GatherTypeParams(typeParams, current);
+        var current := GatherTypeMapping(tpe, current);
+        GatherTypeMapping(forType, current)
+      // TODO: Add body
+      case Impl(typeParams, tpe, where, body) =>
+        GatherTypeMapping(tpe, current)
+    }
+  }
+
+  function ReplaceModDecl(modDecl: ModDecl, SelfPath: Path, replacement: FinalReplacement): ModDecl {
+    match modDecl {
+      case ModDecl(mod) =>
+        ModDecl(applyPrefix(mod, SelfPath.MSel(mod.name))) // We optimize independently submodules
+      case StructDecl(struct) => StructDecl(ReplaceStruct(struct, replacement))
+      case TypeDecl(tpe) => modDecl // TODO
+      case ConstDecl(c) => modDecl // TODO
+      case EnumDecl(enum) => modDecl // TODO
+      case ImplDecl(impl) => ImplDecl(ReplaceImplDecl(impl, replacement))
+      case TraitDecl(tr) => modDecl // TODO
+      case TopFnDecl(fn) => modDecl // TODO
+      case UseDecl(use) => modDecl
+    }
+  }
+
+  function ReplaceType(t: Type, replacement: FinalReplacement): Type {
+    match t {
+      case TypeFromPath(PMemberSelect(base, id)) =>
+        if id in replacement && replacement[id] == base then
+          TSynonym(TIdentifier(id), t)
+        else
+          t
+      case _ => t
+    }
+  }
+
+  const typeReplacer: FinalReplacement -> Type -> Type :=
+    (replacement: FinalReplacement) => (t: Type) => ReplaceType(t, replacement)
+
+  function ReplaceTypeParams(typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>, replacement: FinalReplacement): seq<TypeParamDecl> {
+    Std.Collections.Seq.Map((t: TypeParamDecl) =>
+                              t.(constraints := Std.Collections.Seq.Map((constraint: Type) =>
+                                                                          ReplaceType(constraint, replacement), t.constraints)),
+                            typeParams)
+  }
+
+  function ReplaceImplDecl(impl: Impl, replacement: FinalReplacement): Impl {
+    match impl {
+      case ImplFor(typeParams, tpe, forType, where, body) =>
+        ImplFor(ReplaceTypeParams(typeParams, replacement), tpe.Replace(typeReplacer(replacement)), forType.Replace(typeReplacer(replacement)), where, body)
+      // TODO: Replace body
+      case Impl(typeParams, tpe, where, body) =>
+        Impl(ReplaceTypeParams(typeParams, replacement), tpe.Replace(typeReplacer(replacement)), where, body)
+    }
+  }
+
+  function ReplaceStruct(struct: Struct, replacement: FinalReplacement): Struct {
+    match struct {
+      case Struct(attributes, name, typeParams, fields) =>
+        Struct(attributes, name,
+               ReplaceTypeParams(typeParams, replacement),
+               ReplaceFields(fields, replacement)
+        )
+    }
+  }
+  function ReplaceFields(fields: Fields, replacement: FinalReplacement): Fields {
+    match fields {
+      case NamedFields(sFields) =>
+        NamedFields(Std.Collections.Seq.Map((f: Field) =>
+                                              f.(formal := f.formal.(tpe := ReplaceType(f.formal.tpe, replacement))), sFields
+                    ))
+      case NamelessFields(sFields) =>
+        NamelessFields(Std.Collections.Seq.Map((f: NamelessField) =>
+                                                 f.(tpe := ReplaceType(f.tpe, replacement)), sFields))
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-proofs.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-proofs.dfy
index d3cffac5365..8795199f9a0 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-proofs.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-proofs.dfy
@@ -1,53 +1,52 @@
-
-
-
-
-
 include "../Dafny/AST.dfy"
 
-module {:extern "DCOMPProofs"} {:compile false} DCOMPProofs refines DCOMP {
+/*This module does not contain any compiled code because it
+  only proves properties about DCOMP. In a sense, it's a test file. */
+module {:extern "DafnyToRustCompilerProofs"} {:compile false} DafnyToRustCompilerProofs {
+  import opened DafnyToRustCompiler
+
+  ghost predicate IsDafnyId(s: string) {
+    && |s| > 0 && s[0] in "aqkhd" &&
+       IsDafnyIdTail(s[1..])
+  }
 
   ghost predicate IsDafnyIdTail(s: string) {
     |s| == 0 ||
     (s[0] in "aqkhd_?'#." && IsDafnyIdTail(s[1..]))
   }
 
-  ghost predicate IsDafnyId(s: string) {
-    && |s| > 0 && s[0] in "aqkhd" &&
-       IsDafnyIdTail(s[1..])
-  }
   lemma IsDafnyIdImpliesDafnyIdTail(s: string)
     requires IsDafnyId(s)
     ensures IsDafnyIdTail(s)
   {}
 
-  function dafnyEscape(s: string): string {
+  function DafnyEscape(s: string): string {
     if |s| == 0 then "" else
-    if s[0] == '_' then "__" + dafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
-    if s[0] == '?' then "_q" + dafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
-    if s[0] == '\'' then "_k" + dafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
-    if s[0] == '#' then "_h" + dafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
-    [s[0]] + dafnyEscape(s[1..])
+    if s[0] == '_' then "__" + DafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
+    if s[0] == '?' then "_q" + DafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
+    if s[0] == '\'' then "_k" + DafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
+    if s[0] == '#' then "_h" + DafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
+    [s[0]] + DafnyEscape(s[1..])
   }
 
-  function dafnyEscapeReverse(s: string): string {
+  function DafnyUnescape(s: string): string {
     if |s| <= 1 then s else
     if s[0] == '_' then
-      if s[1] == '_' then "_" + dafnyEscapeReverse(s[2..]) else
-      if s[1] == 'q' then "?" + dafnyEscapeReverse(s[2..]) else
-      if s[1] == 'k' then "'" + dafnyEscapeReverse(s[2..]) else
-      if s[1] == 'h' then "#" + dafnyEscapeReverse(s[2..]) else
-      s[..1] + dafnyEscapeReverse(s[1..])
+      if s[1] == '_' then "_" + DafnyUnescape(s[2..]) else
+      if s[1] == 'q' then "?" + DafnyUnescape(s[2..]) else
+      if s[1] == 'k' then "'" + DafnyUnescape(s[2..]) else
+      if s[1] == 'h' then "#" + DafnyUnescape(s[2..]) else
+      s[..1] + DafnyUnescape(s[1..])
     else
-      s[..1] + dafnyEscapeReverse(s[1..])
+      s[..1] + DafnyUnescape(s[1..])
   }
 
-  lemma dafnyEscapeBijective(s: string)
-    ensures dafnyEscapeReverse(dafnyEscape(s)) == s
+  lemma DafnyEscapeBijective(s: string)
+    ensures DafnyUnescape(DafnyEscape(s)) == s
   {
     if |s| == 0 {
     } else {
-      dafnyEscapeBijective(s[1..]);
+      DafnyEscapeBijective(s[1..]);
       if s[0] == '_' {
       } else if s[0] == '?' {
       } else if s[0] == '\'' {
@@ -57,13 +56,13 @@ module {:extern "DCOMPProofs"} {:compile false} DCOMPProofs refines DCOMP {
     }
   }
 
-  lemma dafnyEscapeCharacteristic(s: string)
+  lemma DafnyEscapeCharacteristic(s: string)
     requires IsDafnyIdTail(s)
-    ensures isDafnyEncodedIdTail(dafnyEscape(s))
+    ensures IsDafnyEncodedIdTail(DafnyEscape(s))
   {
     if |s| == 0 {
     } else {
-      dafnyEscapeCharacteristic(s[1..]);
+      DafnyEscapeCharacteristic(s[1..]);
       if s[0] == '_' {
       } else if s[0] == '?' {
       } else if s[0] == '\'' {
@@ -73,79 +72,79 @@ module {:extern "DCOMPProofs"} {:compile false} DCOMPProofs refines DCOMP {
     }
   }
 
-  function reverseReplaceDots(i: string): string {
+  function ReverseReplaceDots(i: string): string {
     if |i| <= 1 then i
     else if i[0] == '_' then
-      if i[1] == 'd' then "." + reverseReplaceDots(i[2..])
-      else [i[0]] + [i[1]] + reverseReplaceDots(i[2..])
+      if i[1] == 'd' then "." + ReverseReplaceDots(i[2..])
+      else [i[0]] + [i[1]] + ReverseReplaceDots(i[2..])
     else
-      [i[0]] + reverseReplaceDots(i[1..])
+      [i[0]] + ReverseReplaceDots(i[1..])
   }
 
-  predicate isDafnyEncodedIdTail(i: string) {
+  predicate IsDafnyEncodedIdTail(i: string) {
     if |i| == 0 then true
     else
     if i[0] == '_' then
       |i| >= 2 &&
-      i[1] in "_qkh" && isDafnyEncodedIdTail(i[2..])
+      i[1] in "_qkh" && IsDafnyEncodedIdTail(i[2..])
     else
       i[0] in "aqkhd." &&
-      isDafnyEncodedIdTail(i[1..])
+      IsDafnyEncodedIdTail(i[1..])
   }
 
-  predicate isDafnyEncodedId(i: string) {
+  predicate IsDafnyEncodedId(i: string) {
     if |i| == 0 then true
-    else i[0] in "aqkhd" && isDafnyEncodedIdTail(i[1..])
+    else i[0] in "aqkhd" && IsDafnyEncodedIdTail(i[1..])
   }
 
-  lemma dafnyEscapeCorrect(s: string)
+  lemma DafnyEscapeCorrect(s: string)
     requires IsDafnyIdTail(s)
-    ensures isDafnyEncodedIdTail(dafnyEscape(s))
-            && (IsDafnyId(s) && |s| > 0 ==> dafnyEscape(s)[0] in "aqkhd")
+    ensures IsDafnyEncodedIdTail(DafnyEscape(s))
+            && (IsDafnyId(s) && |s| > 0 ==> DafnyEscape(s)[0] in "aqkhd")
   {
     if |s| == 0 {
     } else {
-      if s[0] == '_' { // "__" + dafnyEscape(s[1..])
-      } else if s[0] == '?' { // "_q" + dafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
-      } else if s[0] == '\'' { // "_k" + dafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
-      } else if s[0] == '#' { // "_h" + dafnyEscape(s[1..]) else=
-      } else { // [s[0]] + dafnyEscape(s[1..])=
-        dafnyEscapeCorrect(s[1..]);
+      if s[0] == '_' { // "__" + DafnyEscape(s[1..])
+      } else if s[0] == '?' { // "_q" + DafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
+      } else if s[0] == '\'' { // "_k" + DafnyEscape(s[1..]) else
+      } else if s[0] == '#' { // "_h" + DafnyEscape(s[1..]) else=
+      } else { // [s[0]] + DafnyEscape(s[1..])=
+        DafnyEscapeCorrect(s[1..]);
       }
     }
   }
-  // replaceDots is not reversible generally speaking.
+  // replaceDots is not invertible generally speaking.
   // Indeed, both _d and . get translated to _d.
-  lemma replaceDotsNotReversible()
+  lemma ReplaceDotsNotInvertible()
     ensures replaceDots("_d") == replaceDots(".")
-    ensures !isDafnyEncodedIdTail("_d")
+    ensures !IsDafnyEncodedIdTail("_d")
   {}
 
-  // However, if we restrict ourself to a Dafny encoding, it's reversible
-  lemma {:rlimit 500}
-  replaceDotsReversible(i: string)
-    requires isDafnyEncodedIdTail(i)
-    ensures reverseReplaceDots(replaceDots(i)) == i
+  // However, if we restrict ourself to a Dafny encoding, it's invertible
+  lemma {:rlimit 2500} {:vcs_split_on_every_assert} // {:resource_limit 500e3}
+  ReplaceDotsInvertible(i: string)
+    requires IsDafnyEncodedIdTail(i)
+    ensures ReverseReplaceDots(replaceDots(i)) == i
   {
     if |i| == 0 {
     } else if i[0] == '.' { //"_d" + replaceDots(i[1..])
-      replaceDotsReversible(i[1..]);
-      assert reverseReplaceDots(replaceDots(i)) == i;
+      ReplaceDotsInvertible(i[1..]);
+      assert ReverseReplaceDots(replaceDots(i)) == i;
     } else { // [i[0]] + replaceDots(i[1..])
       assert replaceDots(i) == [i[0]] + replaceDots(i[1..]);
       if i[0] == '_' {
         assert |i| >= 2 &&
-               i[1] in "_qkh" && isDafnyEncodedIdTail(i[2..]);
-        replaceDotsReversible(i[2..]);
-        assert reverseReplaceDots(replaceDots(i)) == i;
+               i[1] in "_qkh" && IsDafnyEncodedIdTail(i[2..]);
+        ReplaceDotsInvertible(i[2..]);
+        assert ReverseReplaceDots(replaceDots(i)) == i;
       } else {
-        replaceDotsReversible(i[1..]);
-        assert reverseReplaceDots(replaceDots(i)) == i;
+        ReplaceDotsInvertible(i[1..]);
+        assert ReverseReplaceDots(replaceDots(i)) == i;
       }
     }
   }
 
-  // The reason why escapeIndent is correct is that
+  // The reason why escapeIdent is correct is that
   // - It receives either
   //     - a Dafny-encoded Id that has no special character (only letters + "__" which came from "_")
   //       and is not a reserved Rust keyword
@@ -162,13 +161,13 @@ module {:extern "DCOMPProofs"} {:compile false} DCOMPProofs refines DCOMP {
   //   - If the input is a Dafny-encoded Id or a tuple numeric,
   //     it can find the original identifier based in the output
 
-  lemma better_tuple_builder_name_not_rsharp(i: string)
+  lemma BetterTupleBuilderNameNotRsharp(i: string)
     ensures is_tuple_builder(i) ==>
               var s := better_tuple_builder_name(i);
               s[0..2] != "r#"
   {}
 
-  lemma idiomatic_rust_not_rsharp(i: string)
+  lemma IdiomaticRustNotRsharp(i: string)
     ensures
       !has_special(i)
       ==>
@@ -187,7 +186,7 @@ module {:extern "DCOMPProofs"} {:compile false} DCOMPProofs refines DCOMP {
     }
   }
 
-  lemma {:fuel has_special, 2, 3} escapeIndentExamples()
+  lemma {:fuel has_special, 2, 3} EscapeIdentExamples()
     ensures escapeIdent("i") == "i"   // Loop variable
     ensures escapeIdent("_1") == "_1" // tuple deconstructor
     ensures escapeIdent("_m") == "_m" // any hidden variable
@@ -200,33 +199,33 @@ module {:extern "DCOMPProofs"} {:compile false} DCOMPProofs refines DCOMP {
   }
 
   // Just convert all underscores to double underscores
-  function reverse_idiomatic_rust(s: string): string {
+  function ReverseIdiomaticRust(s: string): string {
     if |s| == 0 then ""
     else if s[0] == '_' then
-      "__" + reverse_idiomatic_rust(s[1..])
+      "__" + ReverseIdiomaticRust(s[1..])
     else
-      [s[0]] + reverse_idiomatic_rust(s[1..])
+      [s[0]] + ReverseIdiomaticRust(s[1..])
   }
 
-  lemma {:rlimit 200} idiomatic_rust_reversible(i: string)
+  lemma {:rlimit 200} IdiomaticRustInvertible(i: string)
     requires !has_special(i)
-    ensures reverse_idiomatic_rust(idiomatic_rust(i)) == i
+    ensures ReverseIdiomaticRust(idiomatic_rust(i)) == i
   {
     if |i| == 0 {
     } else if i[0] == '_' {
-      idiomatic_rust_reversible(i[2..]);
+      IdiomaticRustInvertible(i[2..]);
       assert 2 <= |i| && i[1] == '_';
       var ss := ['_'] + idiomatic_rust(i[2..]);
       assert ss[0] == '_' && |ss| != 0;
     } else {
-      idiomatic_rust_reversible(i[1..]);
+      IdiomaticRustInvertible(i[1..]);
     }
   }
 
-  function reverseEscapeIdent(s: string): string {
+  function UnescapeIdent(s: string): string {
     if |s| >= 2 && s[0..2] == "r#" then
       if |s| >= 3 && s[2] == '_' then
-        reverseReplaceDots(s[3..]) // General escape
+        ReverseReplaceDots(s[3..]) // General escape
       else
         s[2..] // Keyword
     else if |s| >= 1 && s[0] == '_' then
@@ -237,88 +236,88 @@ module {:extern "DCOMPProofs"} {:compile false} DCOMPProofs refines DCOMP {
       else
         s
     else // Idiomatic rust
-      reverse_idiomatic_rust(s)
+      ReverseIdiomaticRust(s)
   }
 
-  lemma tupleIdentReversible(s: string)
+  lemma TupleIdentInvertible(s: string)
     requires is_tuple_numeric(s)
-    ensures reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(s)) == s
+    ensures UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(s)) == s
   {}
 
-  lemma {:rlimit 500} tupleBuilderReversible(i: string)
+  lemma {:rlimit 500} TupleBuilderInvertible(i: string)
     requires !is_tuple_numeric(i)
     requires is_tuple_builder(i)
-    ensures reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i
+    ensures UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i
   {
     var s := "_T" + i[8..];
     calc {
-      reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(i));
-      reverseEscapeIdent(s);
+      UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(i));
+      UnescapeIdent(s);
       i[0..8] + s[2..];
       i;
     }
   }
 
-  lemma {:rlimit 800} reservedRustReversible(i: string)
+  lemma {:rlimit 800} ReservedRustInvertible(i: string)
     requires !is_tuple_numeric(i)
     requires !is_tuple_builder(i)
     requires i in reserved_rust
-    ensures reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i
+    ensures UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i
   {
     assert i[0] != '_';
     var s := "r#" + i;
     calc {
-      reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(i));
-      reverseEscapeIdent(s);
+      UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(i));
+      UnescapeIdent(s);
       s[2..];
       i;
     }
   }
 
-  lemma {:rlimit 800} idiomaticRustReversible(i: string)
-    requires isDafnyEncodedId(i) // Needed to ensure i does not start with '_'
+  lemma {:rlimit 800} EscapeIdentInvertibleForIdiomaticRust(i: string)
+    requires IsDafnyEncodedId(i) // Needed to ensure i does not start with '_'
     requires !is_tuple_numeric(i)
     requires !is_tuple_builder(i)
     requires i !in reserved_rust
-    requires is_idiomatic_rust(i)
-    ensures reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i
+    requires is_idiomatic_rust_id(i)
+    ensures UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i
   {
     var s := idiomatic_rust(i);
-    idiomatic_rust_not_rsharp(i);
+    IdiomaticRustNotRsharp(i);
     assert |s| < 2 || s[0..2] != "r#" by {
       if |s| >= 2 && s[0..2] == "r#" {
         assert s[1] == '#';
-        idiomatic_rust_not_rsharp(i[1..]);
+        IdiomaticRustNotRsharp(i[1..]);
       }
     }
     assert s[0] != '_';
     calc {
-      reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(i));
-      reverseEscapeIdent(idiomatic_rust(i));
-      reverse_idiomatic_rust(idiomatic_rust(i));
-      { idiomatic_rust_reversible(i); }
+      UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(i));
+      UnescapeIdent(idiomatic_rust(i));
+      ReverseIdiomaticRust(idiomatic_rust(i));
+      { IdiomaticRustInvertible(i); }
       i;
     }
   }
 
-  lemma {:rlimit 800} dafnyGeneratedIdReversible(s: string)
+  lemma {:rlimit 800} EscapeIdentInvertibleForDafnyGeneratedId(s: string)
     requires !is_tuple_numeric(s)
     requires !is_tuple_builder(s)
     requires s !in reserved_rust
-    requires !is_idiomatic_rust(s)
+    requires !is_idiomatic_rust_id(s)
     requires is_dafny_generated_id(s)
-    ensures reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(s)) == s
+    ensures UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(s)) == s
   {
   }
 
-  lemma {:rlimit 800} everythingElseReversible(i: string)
-    requires isDafnyEncodedId(i) // Needed to ensure i does not start with '_'
+  lemma {:rlimit 800} EverythingElseInvertible(i: string)
+    requires IsDafnyEncodedId(i) // Needed to ensure i does not start with '_'
     requires !is_tuple_numeric(i)
     requires !is_tuple_builder(i)
     requires i !in reserved_rust
-    requires !is_idiomatic_rust(i)
+    requires !is_idiomatic_rust_id(i)
     requires !is_dafny_generated_id(i)
-    ensures reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i
+    ensures UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i
   {
     var r := replaceDots(i);
     var s := "r#_" + r;
@@ -326,36 +325,36 @@ module {:extern "DCOMPProofs"} {:compile false} DCOMPProofs refines DCOMP {
     assert |s| >= 3 && s[2] == '_';
     assert s[3..] == r;
     calc {
-      reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(i));
-      reverseEscapeIdent(s);
-      reverseReplaceDots(replaceDots(i));
-      { replaceDotsReversible(i); }
+      UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(i));
+      UnescapeIdent(s);
+      ReverseReplaceDots(replaceDots(i));
+      { ReplaceDotsInvertible(i); }
       i;
     }
   }
 
   // That's the lemma that shows
-  lemma escapeIdentReversible(i: string)
+  lemma EscapeIdentInvertible(i: string)
     requires is_tuple_numeric(i) // _0 _1 ...                 => _0, _1 ...
              || is_tuple_builder(i) // ___hMake0, ____hMake1 ... => _T0, _T1 ...
              || i in reserved_rust  // fn, impl, mod ...         => r#fn, r#impl, r#mod...
-             || isDafnyEncodedId(i) // i                         => i
+             || IsDafnyEncodedId(i) // i                         => i
                                     // create_struct             => create_struct
     //  c#ons.tant?'              => r#_c_hons_dtant_q_k
-    ensures reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i
+    ensures UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i
   {
     if is_tuple_numeric(i) {
-      tupleIdentReversible(i);
+      TupleIdentInvertible(i);
     } else if is_tuple_builder(i) {
-      tupleBuilderReversible(i);
+      TupleBuilderInvertible(i);
     } else if i in reserved_rust {
-      assert reverseEscapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i;
-    } else if is_idiomatic_rust(i) {
-      idiomaticRustReversible(i);
+      assert UnescapeIdent(escapeIdent(i)) == i;
+    } else if is_idiomatic_rust_id(i) {
+      EscapeIdentInvertibleForIdiomaticRust(i);
     } else if is_dafny_generated_id(i) { // TODO: Mov up so that we can put it in specifications
-      dafnyGeneratedIdReversible(i);
+      EscapeIdentInvertibleForDafnyGeneratedId(i);
     } else {
-      everythingElseReversible(i);
+      EverythingElseInvertible(i);
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-utils.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-utils.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6a7089f6ee4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust-utils.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+module DafnyCompilerRustUtils {
+  import Std
+  import opened Std.Wrappers
+  import opened DAST
+  import R = RAST
+
+  // Split a Dafny name along dots
+  function DafnyNameToContainingPathAndName(n: Name, acc: seq<Ident> := []): (seq<Ident>, Name)
+    decreases |n.dafny_name|
+  {
+    var s := n.dafny_name;
+    if |s| == 0 then
+      if |acc| == 0 then ([], Name("")) else (acc[0..|acc|-1], acc[|acc|-1].id)
+    else
+    if s[0] != '.' then
+      if |acc| == 0 then DafnyNameToContainingPathAndName(Name(s[1..]), [Ident.Ident(Name(s[0..1]))]) else
+      DafnyNameToContainingPathAndName(Name(s[1..]), acc[0..|acc|-1] + [Ident.Ident(Name(acc[|acc|-1].id.dafny_name + [s[0]]))])
+    else
+    if |acc| == 0 then DafnyNameToContainingPathAndName(Name(s[1..]), []) else
+    DafnyNameToContainingPathAndName(Name(s[1..]), acc + [Ident.Ident(Name(""))])
+  }
+
+  type ModWithBody = x: R.Mod | x.Mod? witness *
+  type ExternMod = x: R.Mod | x.ExternMod? witness *
+
+  datatype SeqMap<K, V> = SeqMap(keys: seq<K>, values: map<K, V>)
+  {
+    static function Empty(): SeqMap<K, V> {
+      SeqMap([], map[])
+    }
+    static function Single(key: K, value: V): SeqMap<K, V> {
+      SeqMap([key], map[key := value])
+    }
+  }
+
+  datatype GatheringModule =
+    GatheringModule(
+      existingMod: ModWithBody,
+      submodules: SeqMap<string, GatheringModule>
+    ) |
+    ExternMod(m: ExternMod)
+  {
+
+    static function MergeSeqMap(m1: SeqMap<string, GatheringModule>, m2: SeqMap<string, GatheringModule>): SeqMap<string, GatheringModule>
+      decreases m1
+    {
+      SeqMap(
+        m1.keys + Std.Collections.Seq.Filter((k: string) => k !in m1.keys, m2.keys),
+        map k <- m1.values.Keys + m2.values.Keys ::
+          if k in m1.values then
+            if k in m2.values then m1.values[k].Merge(m2.values[k]) else
+            m1.values[k]
+          else
+            m2.values[k])
+    }
+
+
+    static function MergeSeqMapAll(m1: SeqMap<string, GatheringModule>, m2s: seq<SeqMap<string, GatheringModule>>): SeqMap<string, GatheringModule>
+      decreases |m2s|
+    {
+      if |m2s| == 0 then m1 else
+      MergeSeqMapAll(MergeSeqMap(m1, m2s[0]), m2s[1..])
+    }
+
+    function Merge(m2: GatheringModule): GatheringModule
+      decreases this
+    {
+      if !GatheringModule? then m2 else if !m2.GatheringModule? then this else
+      GatheringModule(
+        R.Mod(existingMod.name, existingMod.attributes, existingMod.body + m2.existingMod.body),
+        MergeSeqMap(submodules, m2.submodules)
+      )
+    }
+
+    static function Wrap(containingPath: seq<string>, rawDecl: R.Mod): SeqMap<string, GatheringModule> {
+      if |containingPath| == 0 then
+        var name := rawDecl.name;
+        if rawDecl.Mod? then
+          SeqMap.Single(name, GatheringModule(rawDecl, SeqMap.Empty()))
+        else
+          SeqMap.Single(name, ExternMod(rawDecl))
+      else
+        var enclosingModule := containingPath[0];
+        SeqMap.Single(enclosingModule,
+                      GatheringModule(R.Mod(enclosingModule, [], []), Wrap(containingPath[1..], rawDecl)))
+    }
+    function ToRust(): R.Mod {
+      if ExternMod? then m else
+      var keysWithContent := Std.Collections.Seq.Filter(key => key in submodules.values, submodules.keys);
+      existingMod.(body :=
+      existingMod.body +
+      seq(|keysWithContent|, i requires 0 <= i < |keysWithContent| =>
+        var moduleName := keysWithContent[i];
+        var submodule := submodules.values[moduleName].ToRust();
+        R.ModDecl(submodule)
+        )
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust.dfy
index f8e186616e5..1ce953015fc 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/Dafny-compiler-rust.dfy
@@ -1,31 +1,63 @@
 include "../Dafny/AST.dfy"
+  // Dafny to Rust compilation tenets:
+  // - The Compiled Dafny AST should be minimal
+  // - The generated code should look idiomatic and close to the original Dafny file if possible
 
 // Rust AST
-module RAST {
+module RAST
+  // All ToString methods should produce well-formed Rust code
+{
   import opened Std.Wrappers
-  import opened Std.Strings
+  import Std
+  import opened DAST.Format
+  import Strings = Std.Strings
+
+  // Rust tuples support some traits like Default only till arity 12
+  // Past that, we use Dafny system tuples (see https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/11gvkda/why_rust_std_only_provides_trait_implementation/)
+  const MAX_TUPLE_SIZE := 12
 
+  // Default Indentation
   const IND := "  "
-  // Indentation level
-  /* trait ModDecl {} */
 
-  datatype Mod /*extends ModDecl*/ =
+  opaque function FoldLeft<A(!new), T>(f: (A, T) --> A, init: A, xs: seq<T>): A
+    requires forall t: T <- xs, a: A :: f.requires(a, t)
+  {
+    if |xs| == 0 then init
+    else FoldLeft(f, f(init, xs[0]), xs[1..])
+  }
+
+  datatype Mod =
       // Rust modules
-    | Mod(name: string, body: seq<ModDecl>)
+    | Mod(name: string, attributes: seq<Attribute>, body: seq<ModDecl>)
     | ExternMod(name: string)
   {
+    function Fold<T(!new)>(acc: T, accBuilder: (T, ModDecl) --> T): T
+      requires Mod? ==> forall modDecl: ModDecl <- body, t: T :: accBuilder.requires(t, modDecl)
+    {
+      if ExternMod? then acc else
+      FoldLeft(accBuilder, acc, body)
+    }
     function ToString(ind: string): string
       decreases this
     {
       match this {
         case ExternMod(name) =>
-          "mod " + name + ";"
-        case Mod(name, body) =>
-          "mod " + name + " {" + "\n" + ind + IND +
+          "pub mod " + name + ";"
+        case Mod(name, attributes, body) =>
+          Attribute.ToStringMultiple(attributes, ind) +
+          /* If the module does not start with "use", just separate declarations by one blank line
+             If the module starts with "use", add blank lines only after use declarations */
+          var startWithUse := |body| > 0 && body[0].UseDecl?;
+          var prefixIfNotUseDecl := if startWithUse then "\n" + ind + IND else "";
+          var prefixIfUseDecl := if startWithUse then ind + IND else "";
+          var infixDecl := if startWithUse then "\n" else "\n\n" + ind + IND;
+          var initialIdent := if startWithUse then "" else ind + IND;
+          "pub mod " + name + " {" + "\n" + initialIdent +
           SeqToString(
             body,
             (modDecl: ModDecl) requires modDecl < this =>
-              modDecl.ToString(ind + IND), "\n" + ind + IND)
+              (if modDecl.UseDecl? then prefixIfUseDecl else prefixIfNotUseDecl) +
+              modDecl.ToString(ind + IND), infixDecl)
           + "\n" + ind + "}"
       }
     }
@@ -37,12 +69,15 @@ module RAST {
     f(s[0]) + (if |s| > 1 then separator + SeqToString(s[1..], f, separator) else "")
   }
   datatype ModDecl =
-    | RawDecl(body: string)
     | ModDecl(mod: Mod)
     | StructDecl(struct: Struct)
+    | TypeDecl(tpe: TypeSynonym)
+    | ConstDecl(c: Constant)
     | EnumDecl(enum: Enum)
     | ImplDecl(impl: Impl)
     | TraitDecl(tr: Trait)
+    | TopFnDecl(fn: TopFnDecl)
+    | UseDecl(use: Use)
   {
     function ToString(ind: string): string
       decreases this
@@ -51,8 +86,22 @@ module RAST {
       else if StructDecl? then struct.ToString(ind)
       else if ImplDecl? then impl.ToString(ind)
       else if EnumDecl? then enum.ToString(ind)
+      else if TypeDecl? then tpe.ToString(ind)
+      else if ConstDecl? then c.ToString(ind)
       else if TraitDecl? then tr.ToString(ind)
-      else assert RawDecl?; body
+      else if TopFnDecl? then fn.ToString(ind)
+      else assert UseDecl?; use.ToString(ind)
+    }
+  }
+  datatype Use = Use(visibility: Visibility, path: Path) {
+    function ToString(ind: string): string {
+      visibility.ToString() + "use " + path.ToString() + ";"
+    }
+  }
+  datatype TopFnDecl = TopFn(attributes: seq<Attribute>, visibility: Visibility, fn: Fn) {
+    function ToString(ind: string): string {
+      Attribute.ToStringMultiple(attributes, ind) +
+      visibility.ToString() + fn.ToString(ind)
     }
   }
   datatype Attribute = RawAttribute(content: string) {
@@ -65,23 +114,69 @@ module RAST {
 
   datatype Struct =
     Struct(attributes: seq<Attribute>,
-           name: string, typeParams: seq<TypeParam>, fields: Formals)
+           name: string, typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>, fields: Fields)
   {
     function ToString(ind: string): string {
       Attribute.ToStringMultiple(attributes, ind) +
       "pub struct " + name +
-      TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(typeParams, ind) +
-      fields.ToString(ind + IND, fields.NamedFormals?) +
-      (if fields.NamelessFormals? then ";" else "")
+      TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple(typeParams, ind) +
+      fields.ToString(ind, fields.NamedFields?) +
+      (if fields.NamelessFields? then ";" else "")
+    }
+  }
+
+  datatype TypeSynonym =
+    TypeSynonym(attributes: seq<Attribute>,
+                name: string, typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>, tpe: Type)
+  {
+    function ToString(ind: string): string {
+      Attribute.ToStringMultiple(attributes, ind) +
+      "pub type " + name +
+      TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple(typeParams, ind) + " = " +
+      tpe.ToString(ind) + ";"
+    }
+  }
+
+  datatype Constant =
+    Constant(attributes: seq<Attribute>,
+             name: string, tpe: Type, value: Expr)
+  {
+    function ToString(ind: string): string {
+      Attribute.ToStringMultiple(attributes, ind) +
+      "pub const " + name + ": " + tpe.ToString(ind) + "=" +
+      value.ToString(ind) + ";"
+    }
+  }
+
+  datatype NamelessField =
+    NamelessField(visibility: Visibility, tpe: Type)
+  {
+    function ToString(ind: string): string {
+      visibility.ToString() + tpe.ToString(ind)
+    }
+  }
+
+  datatype Field = Field(visibility: Visibility, formal: Formal)
+  {
+    function ToString(ind: string): string {
+      visibility.ToString() + formal.ToString(ind)
+    }
+    function ToNamelessField(): NamelessField {
+      NamelessField(visibility, formal.tpe)
     }
   }
 
-  datatype Formals =
-    | NamedFormals(fields: seq<Formal>)
-    | NamelessFormals(types: seq<Type>)
+  datatype Fields =
+    | NamedFields(fields: seq<Field>)
+    | NamelessFields(types: seq<NamelessField>)
   {
+    function ToNamelessFields(): Fields
+      requires NamedFields?
+    {
+      NamelessFields(seq(|fields|, i requires 0 <= i < |fields| => fields[i].ToNamelessField()))
+    }
     function ToString(ind: string, newLine: bool): string {
-      if NamedFormals? then
+      if NamedFields? then
         var separator := if newLine then ",\n" + ind + IND else ", ";
         var (beginSpace, endSpace) :=
           if newLine && |fields| > 0 then
@@ -91,19 +186,19 @@ module RAST {
           else
             ("", "");
         " {" + beginSpace +
-        SeqToString(fields, (field: Formal) => field.ToString(ind + IND), separator)
+        SeqToString(fields, (field: Field) => field.ToString(ind + IND), separator)
         + endSpace + "}"
       else
-        assert NamelessFormals?;
+        assert NamelessFields?;
         var separator := if newLine then ",\n" + ind + IND else ", ";
         "("+
-        SeqToString(types, (t: Type) => t.ToString(ind + IND), separator)
+        SeqToString(types, (t: NamelessField) => t.ToString(ind + IND), separator)
         +")"
     }
   }
 
   datatype EnumCase =
-    | EnumCase(name: string, fields: Formals)
+    | EnumCase(name: string, fields: Fields)
   {
     function ToString(ind: string, newLine: bool): string {
       name + fields.ToString(ind, newLine)
@@ -112,51 +207,539 @@ module RAST {
 
   datatype Enum =
     Enum(attributes: seq<Attribute>,
-         name: string, typeParams: seq<TypeParam>,
+         name: string, typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>,
          variants: seq<EnumCase>)
   {
     function ToString(ind: string): string {
       Attribute.ToStringMultiple(attributes, ind) +
       "pub enum " + name +
-      TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(typeParams, ind)
+      TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple(typeParams, ind)
       + " {" +
       SeqToString(
         variants,
         (variant: EnumCase) =>
-          "\n" + ind + IND + variant.ToString(ind + IND, false), ",") +
+          "\n" + ind + IND + variant.ToString(ind + IND, true), ",") +
       "\n" + ind + "}"
     }
   }
 
-  datatype TypeParam =
-    | RawTypeParam(content: string)
+  type TypeParamConstraint = Type
+
+  datatype TypeParamDecl =
+    | TypeParamDecl(name: string, constraints: seq<TypeParamConstraint>)
   {
-    static function ToStringMultiple(typeParams: seq<TypeParam>, ind: string): string {
+    static function ToStringMultiple(typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>, ind: string): string {
       if |typeParams| == 0 then "" else
-      "<" + SeqToString(typeParams, (t: TypeParam) => t.ToString(ind + IND), ",") + ">"
+      "<" + SeqToString(typeParams, (t: TypeParamDecl) => t.ToString(ind + IND), ", ") + ">"
+    }
+    static function {:tailrecursion true} AddConstraintsMultiple(
+      typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>, constraints: seq<TypeParamConstraint>
+    ): seq<TypeParamDecl> {
+      if |typeParams| == 0 then []
+      else
+        [typeParams[0].AddConstraints(constraints)] + AddConstraintsMultiple(typeParams[1..], constraints)
+    }
+    function AddConstraints(constraints: seq<TypeParamConstraint>): TypeParamDecl {
+      this.(constraints := this.constraints + constraints)
     }
     function ToString(ind: string): string {
-      content
+      name + (
+        if |constraints| == 0 then
+          ""
+        else
+          ": " + SeqToString(constraints, (t: TypeParamConstraint) requires t < this =>
+                               t.ToString(ind + IND), " + "))
+    }
+  }
+  const SelfBorrowed := Borrowed(SelfOwned)
+
+  const SelfBorrowedMut := BorrowedMut(SelfOwned)
+
+  const RcPath := std.MSel("rc").MSel("Rc")
+
+  const RcType := RcPath.AsType()
+
+  const ObjectPath: Path := dafny_runtime.MSel("Object")
+
+  const Object := ObjectPath.AsExpr()
+
+  function ObjectType(underlying: Type): Type {
+    ObjectPath.AsType().Apply([underlying])
+  }
+
+  const PtrPath: Path := dafny_runtime.MSel("Ptr")
+
+  const Ptr := PtrPath.AsExpr()
+
+  function PtrType(underlying: Type): Type {
+    PtrPath.AsType().Apply([underlying])
+  }
+
+  function Rc(underlying: Type): Type {
+    TypeApp(RcType, [underlying])
+  }
+  function RefCell(underlying: Type): Type {
+    TypeApp(RefcellType, [underlying])
+  }
+  function Vec(underlying: Type): Type {
+    TypeApp(std.MSel("vec").MSel("Vec").AsType(), [underlying])
+  }
+  function NewVec(elements: seq<Expr>): Expr {
+    Identifier("vec!").Apply(elements)
+  }
+  function Borrow(underlying: Expr): Expr {
+    UnaryOp("&", underlying, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat)
+  }
+  function BorrowMut(underlying: Expr): Expr {
+    UnaryOp("&mut", underlying, UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat)
+  }
+
+  function RawType(content: string): Type {
+    TIdentifier(content)
+  }
+
+  function Box(content: Type): Type {
+    TypeApp(TIdentifier("Box"), [content])
+  }
+  function BoxNew(content: Expr): Expr {
+    Identifier("Box").FSel("new").Apply([content])
+  }
+
+  datatype Path =
+    | Global() // ::...   to access other crates
+    | Crate()  // crate::... to access modules and imported modules in the same crate
+    | Self()   // Self::...
+    | PMemberSelect(base: Path, name: string)
+  {
+    function MSel(name: string): Path {
+      PMemberSelect(this, name)
+    }
+    function FSel(name: string): Expr {
+      AsExpr().FSel(name)
+    }
+    function AsType(): Type {
+      TypeFromPath(this)
+    }
+    function AsExpr(): Expr {
+      ExprFromPath(this)
+    }
+    function ToString(): string {
+      match this {
+        case Global() => ""
+        case Crate() => "crate"
+        case Self() => "Self"
+        case PMemberSelect(base, name) => base.ToString() + "::" + name
+      }
+    }
+    function RightMostIdentifier(): Option<string> {
+      match this {
+        case Global() => None
+        case Crate() => Some("crate")
+        case Self() => Some("Self")
+        case PMemberSelect(base, name) => Some(name)
+      }
     }
   }
+
+  const SelfOwned := Self().AsType()
+
   datatype Type =
-    | Self | SelfOwned | SelfMut
-    | RawType(content: string)
+    | U8 | U16 | U32 | U64 | U128 | I8 | I16 | I32 | I64 | I128
+    | Bool
+    | TIdentifier(name: string)
+    | TypeFromPath(path: Path)
+    | TypeApp(baseName: Type, arguments: seq<Type>)
+    | Borrowed(underlying: Type)
+    | BorrowedMut(underlying: Type)
+    | ImplType(underlying: Type)
+    | DynType(underlying: Type)
+    | TupleType(arguments: seq<Type>)
+    | FnType(arguments: seq<Type>, returnType: Type)
+    | IntersectionType(left: Type, right: Type)
+    | Array(underlying: Type, size: Option<string>)
+    | TSynonym(display: Type, base: Type)
   {
+    function Expand(): (r: Type)
+      ensures !r.TSynonym? && (!TSynonym? ==> r == this)
+    {
+      if TSynonym? then base.Expand() else this
+    }
+    predicate EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics() {
+      || U8? || U16? || U32? || U64? || U128? || I8? || I16? || I32? || I64? || I128?
+      || TIdentifier? || TypeFromPath?
+      || (Borrowed? && underlying.EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics())
+      || (BorrowedMut? && underlying.EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics())
+      || (ImplType? && underlying.EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics())
+      || (DynType? && underlying.EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics())
+      || (IntersectionType? && right.EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics())
+      || (TSynonym? && display.EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics())
+    }
+    function ReplaceMap(mapping: map<Type, Type>): Type {
+      Replace((t: Type) => if t in mapping then mapping[t] else t)
+    }
+    function Replace(mapping: Type -> Type): Type {
+      var r :=
+        match this {
+          case U8 | U16 | U32 | U64 | U128 | I8 | I16 | I32 | I64 | I128 | Bool => this
+          case TIdentifier(_) => this
+          case TypeFromPath(path) => this
+          case TypeApp(baseName, arguments) =>
+            this.(baseName := baseName.Replace(mapping),
+            arguments := Std.Collections.Seq.Map(
+              t requires t in arguments => t.Replace(mapping), arguments))
+          case Borrowed(underlying) => this.(underlying := underlying.Replace(mapping))
+          case BorrowedMut(underlying) => this.(underlying := underlying.Replace(mapping))
+          case ImplType(underlying) => this.(underlying := underlying.Replace(mapping))
+          case DynType(underlying) => this.(underlying := underlying.Replace(mapping))
+          case TupleType(arguments) =>
+            this.(
+            arguments := Std.Collections.Seq.Map(
+              t requires t in arguments => t.Replace(mapping), arguments))
+          case FnType(arguments, returnType) =>
+            this.(arguments := Std.Collections.Seq.Map(
+              t requires t in arguments => t.Replace(mapping), arguments),
+            returnType := returnType.Replace(mapping))
+          case IntersectionType(left, right) =>
+            this.(left := left.Replace(mapping), right := right.Replace(mapping))
+          case Array(underlying, size) =>
+            this.(underlying := underlying.Replace(mapping))
+          case TSynonym(display, base) =>
+            this.(display := display.Replace(mapping), base := base.Replace(mapping))
+        };
+      mapping(r)
+    }
+
+    function Fold<T>(acc: T, f: (T, Type) -> T): T
+      // Traverses all types in a random order
+    {
+      var newAcc := f(acc, this);
+      match this {
+        case U8 | U16 | U32 | U64 | U128 | I8 | I16 | I32 | I64 | I128 | Bool => newAcc
+        case TIdentifier(_) => newAcc
+        case TypeFromPath(path) => newAcc
+        case TypeApp(baseName, arguments) =>
+          Std.Collections.Seq.FoldLeft(
+            (acc: T, argType: Type) => assume {:axiom} argType in arguments; argType.Fold(acc, f),
+            baseName.Fold(newAcc, f),
+            arguments)
+        case Borrowed(underlying) => underlying.Fold(newAcc, f)
+        case BorrowedMut(underlying) => underlying.Fold(newAcc, f)
+        case ImplType(underlying) => underlying.Fold(newAcc, f)
+        case DynType(underlying) => underlying.Fold(newAcc, f)
+        case TupleType(arguments) =>
+          Std.Collections.Seq.FoldLeft(
+            (acc: T, argType: Type) => assume {:axiom} argType in arguments; argType.Fold(acc, f),
+            newAcc, arguments)
+        case FnType(arguments, returnType) =>
+          returnType.Fold(
+            Std.Collections.Seq.FoldLeft(
+              (acc: T, argType: Type) => assume {:axiom} argType in arguments; argType.Fold(acc, f),
+              newAcc, arguments),
+            f)
+        case IntersectionType(left, right) =>
+          right.Fold(left.Fold(newAcc, f), f)
+        case Array(underlying, size) => underlying.Fold(newAcc, f)
+        case TSynonym(display, base) => display.Fold(newAcc, f)
+      }
+    }
+
+    predicate CanReadWithoutClone() {
+      U8? || U16? || U32? || U64? || U128? || I8? || I16? || I32? || I64? || I128? || Bool?
+      || (TSynonym? && base.CanReadWithoutClone()) || IsPointer()
+    }
+    predicate IsRcOrBorrowedRc() {
+      (TypeApp? && baseName == RcType) ||
+      (Borrowed? && underlying.IsRcOrBorrowedRc()) ||
+      (TSynonym? && base.IsRcOrBorrowedRc())
+    }
+    function ExtractMaybePlacebo(): Option<Type> {
+      match this {
+        case TypeApp(wrapper, arguments) =>
+          if wrapper == TypeFromPath(MaybePlaceboPath)
+             && |arguments| == 1
+          then
+            Some(arguments[0])
+          else
+            None
+        case _ => None
+      }
+    }
+    function ExtractMaybeUninitArrayElement(): Option<Type> {
+      if this.IsObjectOrPointer() then
+        var s := this.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+        if s.Array? && IsMaybeUninitType(s.underlying) then
+          Some(MaybeUninitTypeUnderlying(s.underlying))
+        else if s.IsMultiArray() && IsMaybeUninitType(s.MultiArrayUnderlying()) then
+          Some(MaybeUninitTypeUnderlying(s.MultiArrayUnderlying()))
+        else
+          None
+      else
+        None
+    }
     function ToString(ind: string): string {
-      if Self? then "&Self" else
-      if SelfOwned? then "Self" else
-      if SelfMut? then "&mut Self" else
-      content
+      match this {
+        case Bool() => "bool"
+        case TIdentifier(underlying) => underlying
+        case TypeFromPath(underlying) => underlying.ToString()
+        case Borrowed(underlying) => "&" + underlying.ToString(ind)
+        case BorrowedMut(underlying) => "&mut " + underlying.ToString(ind)
+        case ImplType(underlying) => "impl " + underlying.ToString(ind)
+        case DynType(underlying) => "dyn " + underlying.ToString(ind)
+        case FnType(arguments, returnType) =>
+          "::std::ops::Fn("+
+          SeqToString(arguments, (arg: Type) requires arg < this =>
+                        arg.ToString(ind + IND), ", ")
+          +") -> " + returnType.ToString(ind + IND)
+        case IntersectionType(left, right) =>
+          left.ToString(ind) + " + " + right.ToString(ind)
+        case TupleType(args) =>
+          (if args == [] then
+             "()"
+           else
+             "(" +
+             SeqToString(args, (arg: Type) requires arg < this => arg.ToString(ind + IND), ", ")
+             + ")")
+        case TypeApp(base, args) =>
+          base.ToString(ind) +
+          (if args == [] then
+             ""
+           else
+             "<" +
+             SeqToString(args, (arg: Type) requires arg < this => arg.ToString(ind + IND), ", ")
+             + ">")
+
+        case U8() => "u8"
+        case U16() => "u16"
+        case U32() => "u32"
+        case U64() => "u64"
+        case U128() => "u128"
+        case I8() => "i8"
+        case I16() => "i16"
+        case I32() => "i32"
+        case I64() => "i64"
+        case I128() => "i128"
+        case Array(underlying, size) => "[" + underlying.ToString(ind) + (if size.Some? then "; " + size.value else "") + "]"
+        case TSynonym(display, base) => display.ToString(ind)
+      }
+    }
+
+    function Apply1(arg: Type): Type {
+      TypeApp(this, [arg])
+    }
+
+    function Apply(args: seq<Type>): Type {
+      TypeApp(this, args)
+    }
+
+    function ToOwned(): Type {
+      match this {
+        case Borrowed(x) => x
+        case BorrowedMut(x) => x
+        case x => x
+      }
+    }
+
+    function ToNullExpr(): Expr
+      requires IsObjectOrPointer()
+    {
+      assert Expand().IsObject() || Expand().IsPointer();
+      if Expand().IsObject() then
+        Object.FSel("null").Apply([])
+      else
+        Ptr.FSel("null").Apply([])
+    }
+
+    predicate IsMultiArray() {
+      var t := Expand();
+      t.TypeApp? &&
+      var baseName := t.baseName;
+      var args := t.arguments;
+      |args| == 1 &&
+      baseName.TypeFromPath? && baseName.path.PMemberSelect? &&
+      baseName.path.base == dafny_runtime &&
+      |baseName.path.name| >= 5 && baseName.path.name[0..5] == "Array"
+    }
+
+    function MultiArrayClass(): string
+      requires IsMultiArray()
+    {
+      this.Expand().baseName.path.name
+    }
+
+    function MultiArrayUnderlying(): Type
+      requires IsMultiArray()
+    {
+      this.Expand().arguments[0]
+    }
+
+    // Given an array type like *mut [T], produces the type *mut[MaybeUninit<T>]
+    // Same for *mut ::dafny_runtime::Array2<T> that becomes *mut ::dafny_runtime::Array2<MaybeUninit<T>>
+    function TypeAtInitialization(): Type {
+      if this.IsObjectOrPointer() then
+        var s := this.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+        if s.Array? && s.size.None? then
+          var newUnderlying := Array(MaybeUninitType(s.underlying), None);
+          if this.IsObject() then ObjectType(newUnderlying) else PtrType(newUnderlying)
+        else if s.IsMultiArray() then
+          var newUnderlying := TypeApp(s.Expand().baseName, [MaybeUninitType(s.Expand().arguments[0])]);
+          if this.IsObject() then ObjectType(newUnderlying) else PtrType(newUnderlying)
+        else
+          this
+      else
+        this
+    }
+
+    predicate IsMaybeUninit() {
+      TypeApp? && baseName.TypeFromPath?
+      && baseName.path == MaybeUninitPath && |this.arguments| == 1
+    }
+
+    predicate IsUninitArray() {
+      if IsObjectOrPointer() then
+        var s := ObjectOrPointerUnderlying().Expand();
+        if s.Array? && s.size.None? then
+          s.underlying.IsMaybeUninit()
+        else if s.IsMultiArray() then
+          s.arguments[0].IsMaybeUninit()
+        else
+          false
+      else
+        false
+    }
+    predicate IsObject() {
+      match this {
+        case TypeApp(TypeFromPath(o), elems1) =>
+          o == ObjectPath &&
+          |elems1| == 1
+        case _ => false
+      }
+    }
+    predicate IsPointer() {
+      match this {
+        case TypeApp(TypeFromPath(o), elems1) =>
+          o == PtrPath &&
+          |elems1| == 1
+        case _ => false
+      }
+    }
+    predicate IsObjectOrPointer() {
+      this.Expand().IsPointer() || this.Expand().IsObject()
+    } by method {
+      var t := this.Expand();
+      return t.IsPointer() || t.IsObject();
+    }
+    function ObjectOrPointerUnderlying(): Type
+      requires IsObjectOrPointer()
+    {
+      match Expand() {
+        case TypeApp(_, elems1) =>
+          elems1[0]
+      }
+    }
+
+    predicate IsBuiltinCollection() {
+      match this.Expand() {
+        case TypeApp(TypeFromPath(PMemberSelect(PMemberSelect(Global(), "dafny_runtime"), tpe)), elems1) =>
+          || ((tpe == "Set" || tpe == "Sequence" || tpe == "Multiset") && |elems1| == 1)
+          || (tpe == "Map" && |elems1| == 2)
+        case _ => false
+      }
+    }
+
+    function GetBuiltinCollectionElement(): Type
+      requires IsBuiltinCollection()
+    {
+      match this.Expand() {
+        case TypeApp(TypeFromPath(PMemberSelect(PMemberSelect(Global(), "dafny_runtime"), tpe)), elems) =>
+          if tpe == "Map" then elems[1] else elems[0]
+      }
+    }
+
+    predicate IsRc() {
+      this.TypeApp? && this.baseName == RcType && |arguments| == 1
+    }
+    function RcUnderlying(): Type
+      requires IsRc()
+    {
+      arguments[0]
     }
   }
 
+  function SystemTupleType(elements: seq<Type>): Type {
+    dafny_runtime.MSel("_System").MSel("Tuple" + Strings.OfNat(|elements|)).AsType().Apply(elements)
+  }
+
+  const global := Global()
+  const std: Path := global.MSel("std")
+  const cell := std.MSel("cell")
+  const RefcellType := cell.MSel("RefCell").AsType()
+  const dafny_runtime: Path := global.MSel("dafny_runtime")
+  const CloneTrait := std.MSel("clone").MSel("Clone").AsType()
+  const DefaultPath := std.MSel("default").MSel("Default")
+  const DefaultTrait := DefaultPath.AsType()
+  const AnyTrait := std.MSel("any").MSel("Any").AsType()
+  const StaticTrait := RawType("'static")
+  const DafnyType := dafny_runtime.MSel("DafnyType").AsType()
+  const DafnyPrint := dafny_runtime.MSel("DafnyPrint").AsType()
+  const DafnyTypeEq := dafny_runtime.MSel("DafnyTypeEq").AsType()
+  const Eq := std.MSel("cmp").MSel("Eq").AsType()
+  const Hash := std.MSel("hash").MSel("Hash").AsType()
+  const DafnyInt := dafny_runtime.MSel("DafnyInt").AsType()
+
+  function SystemTuple(elements: seq<Expr>): Expr {
+    var size := Strings.OfNat(|elements|);
+    StructBuild(dafny_runtime.MSel("_System").MSel("Tuple" + size).MSel("_T" + size).AsExpr(),
+                seq(|elements|, i requires 0 <= i < |elements| =>
+                  AssignIdentifier("_" + Strings.OfNat(i), elements[i])
+                  )
+    )
+  }
+
+  const MaybeUninitPath := std.MSel("mem").MSel("MaybeUninit")
+  const MaybeUninitPathType := MaybeUninitPath.AsType()
+  const MaybeUninitExpr := MaybeUninitPath.AsExpr()
+
+  function MaybeUninitType(underlying: Type): Type {
+    MaybeUninitPathType.Apply([underlying])
+  }
+  predicate IsMaybeUninitType(tpe: Type) {
+    tpe.TypeApp? && tpe.baseName == MaybeUninitPathType && |tpe.arguments| == 1
+  }
+  function MaybeUninitTypeUnderlying(tpe: Type): Type
+    requires IsMaybeUninitType(tpe)
+  {
+    tpe.arguments[0]
+  }
+  function MaybeUninitNew(underlying: Expr): Expr {
+    MaybeUninitPath.FSel("new").Apply([underlying])
+  }
+
+  const MaybePlaceboPath := dafny_runtime.MSel("MaybePlacebo")
+
+  function MaybePlaceboType(underlying: Type): Type {
+    MaybePlaceboPath.AsType().Apply1(underlying)
+  }
+
+
   datatype Trait =
-    | Trait(typeParams: seq<TypeParam>, tpe: Type, where: string, body: seq<ImplMember>)
+    | Trait(typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>, tpe: Type, parents: seq<Type>, body: seq<ImplMember>)
   {
     function ToString(ind: string): string {
-      "trait " + TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(typeParams, ind) + tpe.ToString(ind)
-      + (if where != "" then "\n" + ind + IND + where else "")
+      var tpConstraints := Std.Collections.Seq
+                           .Filter((typeParamDecl: TypeParamDecl) reads {} requires true => |typeParamDecl.constraints| > 0, typeParams);
+      var additionalConstraints :=
+        SeqToString(
+          tpConstraints,
+          (t: TypeParamDecl) => t.ToString(ind + IND), ",\n" + ind + IND);
+      var parents := if |parents| == 0 then "" else ": " + SeqToString(
+                       parents,
+                       (t: Type) => t.ToString(ind + IND),
+                       " + "
+                     );
+      var where :=
+        if additionalConstraints == "" then "" else
+        "\n"+ind+IND+"where\n" + ind + IND + additionalConstraints;
+      "pub trait " + tpe.ToString(ind) + parents + where
       + " {" +
       SeqToString(body, (member: ImplMember) => "\n" + ind + IND + member.ToString(ind + IND), "")
       + (if |body| == 0 then "" else "\n" + ind) + "}"
@@ -164,12 +747,12 @@ module RAST {
   }
 
   datatype Impl =
-    | ImplFor(typeParams: seq<TypeParam>, tpe: Type, forType: Type, where: string, body: seq<ImplMember>)
-    | Impl(typeParams: seq<TypeParam>, tpe: Type, where: string, body: seq<ImplMember>)
+    | ImplFor(typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>, tpe: Type, forType: Type, where: string, body: seq<ImplMember>)
+    | Impl(typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>, tpe: Type, where: string, body: seq<ImplMember>)
   {
     function ToString(ind: string): string {
-      "impl " + TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(typeParams, ind) + tpe.ToString(ind)
-      + (if ImplFor? then " for " + forType.ToString(ind + IND) else "")
+      "impl" + TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple(typeParams, ind) + " " + tpe.ToString(ind)
+      + (if ImplFor? then "\n" + ind + IND + "for " + forType.ToString(ind + IND) else "")
       + (if where != "" then "\n" + ind + IND + where else "")
       + " {" +
       SeqToString(body, (member: ImplMember) => "\n" + ind + IND + member.ToString(ind + IND), "")
@@ -178,31 +761,34 @@ module RAST {
   }
   datatype ImplMember =
     | RawImplMember(content: string)
-    | FnDecl(pub: VISIBILITY, fun: Fn)
+    | FnDecl(pub: Visibility, fun: Fn)
+    | ImplMemberMacro(expr: Expr)
   {
     function ToString(ind: string): string {
-      if FnDecl? then
-        (if pub == PUB then "pub " else "") + fun.ToString(ind)
+      if FnDecl? then pub.ToString() + fun.ToString(ind)
+      else if ImplMemberMacro? then expr.ToString(ind) + ";"
       else assert RawImplMember?; content
     }
   }
-  newtype VISIBILITY = x: int | 0 <= x < 2
-  const PUB := 1 as VISIBILITY
-  const PRIV := 0 as VISIBILITY
+  datatype Visibility = PUB | PRIV {
+    function ToString(): string {
+      if PUB? then "pub " else ""
+    }
+  }
 
   datatype Formal =
     Formal(name: string, tpe: Type)
   {
     function ToString(ind: string): string {
-      if name == "self" && tpe.SelfOwned? then name
-      else if name == "&self" && tpe.Self? then name
-      else if name == "&mut self" && tpe.SelfMut? then name
+      if name == "self" && tpe == SelfOwned then name
+      else if name == "self" && tpe == SelfBorrowed then "&" + name
+      else if name == "self" && tpe == SelfBorrowedMut then "&mut " + name
       else
         name + ": " + tpe.ToString(ind)
     }
-    static const self := Formal("&self", Self)
+    static const selfBorrowed := Formal("self", SelfBorrowed)
     static const selfOwned := Formal("self", SelfOwned)
-    static const selfMut := Formal("&mut self", SelfMut)
+    static const selfBorrowedMut := Formal("self", SelfBorrowedMut)
   }
 
   datatype Pattern =
@@ -216,7 +802,12 @@ module RAST {
   datatype MatchCase =
     MatchCase(pattern: Pattern, rhs: Expr)
   {
-    function ToString(ind: string): string {
+    ghost function Height(): nat {
+      1 + rhs.Height()
+    }
+    function ToString(ind: string): string
+      decreases Height()
+    {
       var newIndent := if rhs.Block? then ind else ind + IND;
       var rhsString := rhs.ToString(newIndent);
 
@@ -229,7 +820,13 @@ module RAST {
   datatype AssignIdentifier =
     AssignIdentifier(identifier: string, rhs: Expr)
   {
-    function ToString(ind: string): string {
+    ghost function Height(): nat {
+      1 + rhs.Height()
+    }
+
+    function ToString(ind: string): string
+      decreases Height()
+    {
       identifier + ": " + rhs.ToString(ind + IND)
     }
   }
@@ -247,85 +844,673 @@ module RAST {
       [raw[0]] + AddIndent(raw[1..], ind)
   }
 
+  function max(i: nat, j: nat): nat {
+    if i < j then j else i
+  }
+
+  datatype DeclareType = MUT | CONST
+
+  datatype Associativity = LeftToRight | RightToLeft | RequiresParentheses
+  datatype PrintingInfo =
+    | UnknownPrecedence()
+    | Precedence(precedence: nat)
+    | SuffixPrecedence(precedence: nat)
+    | PrecedenceAssociativity(precedence: nat, associativity: Associativity)
+  {
+    predicate NeedParenthesesFor(underlying: PrintingInfo) {
+      if UnknownPrecedence? then true
+      else if underlying.UnknownPrecedence? then true
+      else if precedence <= underlying.precedence then true
+      else false
+    }
+    predicate NeedParenthesesForLeft(underlying: PrintingInfo) {
+      if UnknownPrecedence? then true
+      else if underlying.UnknownPrecedence? then true
+      else if precedence <= underlying.precedence then
+        precedence < underlying.precedence || !PrecedenceAssociativity? || !associativity.LeftToRight?
+      else false
+    }
+    predicate NeedParenthesesForRight(underlying: PrintingInfo) {
+      if UnknownPrecedence? then true
+      else if underlying.UnknownPrecedence? then true
+      else if precedence <= underlying.precedence then
+        precedence < underlying.precedence || !PrecedenceAssociativity? || !associativity.RightToLeft?
+      else false
+    }
+    lemma Tests()
+      ensures PrecedenceAssociativity(20, LeftToRight)
+              .NeedParenthesesForLeft(PrecedenceAssociativity(20, LeftToRight)) == false
+      ensures PrecedenceAssociativity(20, LeftToRight)
+              .NeedParenthesesForRight(PrecedenceAssociativity(20, LeftToRight)) == true
+      ensures PrecedenceAssociativity(20, RightToLeft)
+              .NeedParenthesesForRight(PrecedenceAssociativity(20, RightToLeft)) == false
+      ensures PrecedenceAssociativity(20, RightToLeft)
+              .NeedParenthesesForLeft(PrecedenceAssociativity(20, RightToLeft)) == true
+      ensures PrecedenceAssociativity(20, LeftToRight)
+              .NeedParenthesesForLeft(PrecedenceAssociativity(30, LeftToRight)) == true
+      ensures PrecedenceAssociativity(20, RightToLeft)
+              .NeedParenthesesForRight(PrecedenceAssociativity(30, RightToLeft)) == true
+    {
+    }
+  }
+
+  function AssignVar(name: string, rhs: Expr): Expr {
+    Expr.Assign(Some(LocalVar(name)), rhs)
+  }
+
+  function AssignMember(on: Expr, field: string, rhs: Expr): Expr {
+    Expr.Assign(Some(SelectMember(on, field)), rhs)
+  }
+
+  datatype AssignLhs =
+    LocalVar(name: string) |
+    SelectMember(on: Expr, field: string) |
+    ExtractTuple(names: seq<string>) |
+    Index(expr: Expr, indices: seq<Expr>)
+
   datatype Expr =
       RawExpr(content: string)
+    | ExprFromType(tpe: Type)
+    | Identifier(name: string) // Never empty
     | Match(matchee: Expr, cases: seq<MatchCase>)
     | StmtExpr(stmt: Expr, rhs: Expr)
     | Block(underlying: Expr)
-    | StructBuild(name: string, assignments: seq<AssignIdentifier>)
+    | StructBuild(underlying: Expr, assignments: seq<AssignIdentifier>)
+    | Tuple(arguments: seq<Expr>)
+    | UnaryOp(op1: string, underlying: Expr, format: Format.UnaryOpFormat)
+    | BinaryOp(op2: string, left: Expr, right: Expr, format2: Format.BinaryOpFormat)
+    | TypeAscription(left: Expr, tpe: Type)          // underlying as tpe
+    | LiteralInt(value: string)
+    | LiteralBool(bvalue: bool)
+    | LiteralString(value: string, binary: bool, verbatim: bool)
+    | DeclareVar(declareType: DeclareType, name: string, optType: Option<Type>, optRhs: Option<Expr>) // let mut name: optType = optRhs;
+    | Assign(names: Option<AssignLhs>, rhs: Expr)           // name1, name2 = rhs;
+    | IfExpr(cond: Expr, thn: Expr, els: Expr)       // if cond { thn } else { els }
+    | Loop(optCond: Option<Expr>, underlying: Expr)  // loop { body }
+    | For(name: string, range: Expr, body: Expr)     // for name in range { body }
+    | Labelled(lbl: string, underlying: Expr)        // label lbl { expr }
+    | Break(optLbl: Option<string>)                  // break lbl;
+    | Continue(optLbl: Option<string>)               // continue optLabel;
+    | Return(optExpr: Option<Expr>)                  // return optExpr;
+    | CallType(obj: Expr, typeParameters: seq<Type>) // obj::<...type parameters>
+    | Call(obj: Expr, arguments: seq<Expr>)          // obj(...arguments)
+    | Select(obj: Expr, name: string)                // obj.name
+    | SelectIndex(obj: Expr, range: Expr)            // obj[range]
+    | ExprFromPath(path: Path)                       // ::dafny_runtime::int! for example
+    | FunctionSelect(obj: Expr, name: string)        // objType::name
+    | Lambda(params: seq<Formal>, retType: Option<Type>, body: Expr) // move |<params>| -> retType { body }
   {
-    function ToString(ind: string): string {
-      if Match? then
-        "match " + matchee.ToString(ind + IND) + " {" +
-        SeqToString(cases, (c: MatchCase) requires c < this =>
-                      "\n" + ind + IND + c.ToString(ind + IND), ",") +
-        "\n" + ind + "}"
-      else if StmtExpr? then
-        stmt.ToString(ind) + ";\n" + ind + rhs.ToString(ind)
-      else if Block? then
-        "{\n" + ind + IND + underlying.ToString(ind + IND) + "\n" + ind + "}"
-      else if StructBuild? then
-        name + " {" +
-        SeqToString(assignments, (assignment: AssignIdentifier)
-                    requires assignment < this
-                    =>
-                      "\n" + ind + IND + assignment.ToString(ind + IND), ",") +
-        (if |assignments| > 0 then "\n" + ind else "") + "}"
-      else assert RawExpr?; AddIndent(content, ind)
+    predicate NoExtraSemicolonAfter() {
+      DeclareVar? || Assign? || Break? || Continue? || Return? || For? ||
+      (RawExpr? && |content| > 0 && content[|content| - 1] == ';')
     }
-    function Then(rhs2: Expr): Expr {
-      StmtExpr(this, rhs2)
+    // Taken from https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions.html
+    const printingInfo: PrintingInfo :=
+      match this {
+        case RawExpr(_) => UnknownPrecedence()
+        case ExprFromType(_) => Precedence(1)
+        case Identifier(_) => Precedence(1)
+        case LiteralInt(_) => Precedence(1)
+        case LiteralBool(_) => Precedence(1)
+        case LiteralString(_, _, _) => Precedence(1)
+        // Paths => Precedence(1)
+        // Method call => Precedence(2)
+        // Field expression => PrecedenceAssociativity(3, LeftToRight)
+        // case function call | ArrayIndexing => Precedence(4)
+        case UnaryOp(op, underlying, format) =>
+          match op {
+            case "?" => SuffixPrecedence(5)
+            case "-" | "*" | "!" | "&" | "&mut" => Precedence(6)
+            case _ => UnknownPrecedence()
+          }
+        case Select(underlying, name) => PrecedenceAssociativity(2, LeftToRight)
+        case SelectIndex(underlying, range) => PrecedenceAssociativity(2, LeftToRight)
+        case ExprFromPath(underlying) => Precedence(2)
+        case FunctionSelect(underlying, name) => PrecedenceAssociativity(2, LeftToRight)
+        case CallType(_, _) => PrecedenceAssociativity(2, LeftToRight)
+        case Call(_, _) => PrecedenceAssociativity(2, LeftToRight)
+        case TypeAscription(left, tpe) =>
+          PrecedenceAssociativity(10, LeftToRight)
+        case BinaryOp(op2, left, right, format) =>
+          match op2 {
+            case "*" | "/" | "%" => PrecedenceAssociativity(20, LeftToRight)
+            case "+" | "-" => PrecedenceAssociativity(30, LeftToRight)
+            case "<<" | ">>" =>
+              // x as u16 << 6 is parsed as x as u16<... and expect a generic argument
+              if op2 == "<<" && left.TypeAscription? && left.tpe.EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics() then
+                PrecedenceAssociativity(9, LeftToRight)
+              else
+                PrecedenceAssociativity(40, LeftToRight)
+            case "&" => PrecedenceAssociativity(50, LeftToRight)
+            case "^" => PrecedenceAssociativity(60, LeftToRight)
+            case "|" => PrecedenceAssociativity(70, LeftToRight)
+            case "==" | "!=" | "<" | ">" | "<=" | ">=" =>
+              if (op2 == "<" || op2 == "<=") && left.TypeAscription? && left.tpe.EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics() then
+                PrecedenceAssociativity(9, LeftToRight)
+              else
+                PrecedenceAssociativity(80, RequiresParentheses)
+            case "&&" => PrecedenceAssociativity(90, LeftToRight)
+            case "||" => PrecedenceAssociativity(100, LeftToRight)
+            case ".." | "..=" => PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RequiresParentheses)
+            case "=" | "+=" | "-=" | "*=" | "/=" | "%=" | "&=" | "|=" | "^=" | "<<=" | ">>=" =>
+              if op2 == "<<=" && left.TypeAscription? && left.tpe.EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics() then
+                PrecedenceAssociativity(9, LeftToRight)
+              else
+                PrecedenceAssociativity(110, RightToLeft)
+            case _ => PrecedenceAssociativity(0, RequiresParentheses)
+          }
+        case Lambda(_, _, _) => PrecedenceAssociativity(300, LeftToRight)
+        case _ => UnknownPrecedence()
+      }
+
+    ghost function Height(): nat {
+      match this {
+        case Identifier(_) => 1
+        case ExprFromType(_) => 1
+        case LiteralInt(_) => 1
+        case LiteralBool(_) => 1
+        case LiteralString(_, _, _) => 1
+        case Match(matchee, cases) =>
+          1 + max(matchee.Height(),
+                  SeqToHeight(cases, (oneCase: MatchCase)
+                              requires oneCase < this
+                              => oneCase.Height()))
+        case StmtExpr(stmt, rhs) =>
+          var default := 1 + max(stmt.Height(), rhs.Height());
+          match this {
+            case StmtExpr(DeclareVar(mod, name, Some(tpe), None), StmtExpr(Assign(name2, rhs), last)) =>
+              if name2 == Some(LocalVar(name)) then
+                1 + default
+              else default
+            case StmtExpr(IfExpr(UnaryOp("!", BinaryOp("==", a, b, f), of), RawExpr("panic!(\"Halt\");"), RawExpr("")), last) =>
+              1 + default
+            case _ => default
+          }
+
+        case Block(underlying) =>
+          1 + underlying.Height()
+        case StructBuild(name, assignments) =>
+          1 + max(name.Height(), SeqToHeight(assignments, (assignment: AssignIdentifier)
+                                             requires assignment < this
+                                             => assignment.Height()))
+        case Tuple(arguments) =>
+          1 + SeqToHeight(arguments, (argument: Expr)
+                          requires argument < this
+                          => argument.Height())
+        // Special cases
+        case UnaryOp(_, underlying, _) => 1 + underlying.Height()
+        case TypeAscription(left, tpe) => 1 + left.Height()
+        case BinaryOp(op, left, right, format) =>
+          1 + max(left.Height(), right.Height())
+        case IfExpr(cond, thn, els) =>
+          1 + max(cond.Height(), max(thn.Height(), els.Height()))
+        case DeclareVar(declareType, name, tpe, expr) =>
+          1 + (match expr {
+                 case Some(e) => e.Height()
+                 case None => 0
+               })
+        case Assign(names, expr) =>
+          match names {
+            case Some(SelectMember(on, field)) => 1 + max(on.Height(), expr.Height())
+            case Some(Index(arr, indices)) => 1 + max(expr.Height(), max(arr.Height(), SeqToHeight(indices,  (index: Expr) requires index < this => index.Height())))
+            case _ => 1 + expr.Height()
+          }
+        case Loop(optCond, underlying) =>
+          1 + if optCond.Some? then max(optCond.value.Height(), underlying.Height()) else underlying.Height()
+        case Labelled(lbl, underlying) =>
+          1 + underlying.Height()
+        case Break(_) => 1
+        case Continue(_) => 1
+        case For(name, range, body) =>
+          1 + max(range.Height(), body.Height())
+        case Return(optExpr) =>
+          if optExpr.Some? then 1 + optExpr.value.Height() else 1
+        case CallType(obj, tpes) =>
+          1 + max(obj.Height(),
+                  SeqToHeight(tpes, (tpe: Type) requires tpe < this => 1))
+        case Call(obj, args) =>
+          1 + max(obj.Height(),
+                  SeqToHeight(args, (arg: Expr) requires arg < this => arg.Height()))
+        case Select(expression, name) =>
+          1 + expression.Height()
+        case SelectIndex(expression, range) =>
+          1 + max(expression.Height(), range.Height())
+        case ExprFromPath(underlying) =>
+          1
+        case FunctionSelect(expression, name) =>
+          1 + expression.Height()
+        case Lambda(params, retType, body) =>
+          if body.Block? || retType.None? then 1 + body.Height()
+          else 2 + body.Height()
+        case _ =>
+          assert RawExpr?;
+          1
+      }
     }
-  }
 
-  datatype Fn =
-    Fn(name: string, typeParams: seq<TypeParam>, formals: seq<Formal>,
-       returnType: Option<Type>,
-       where: string,
-       body: Option<Expr>)
-  {
-    function ToString(ind: string): string {
-      "fn " + name + TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(typeParams, ind) +
-      "(" + SeqToString(formals, (formal: Formal) => formal.ToString(ind), ", ") + ")" +
-      (match returnType case Some(t) => " -> " + t.ToString(ind) case _ => "") +
-      (if where == "" then "" else "\n" + ind + IND + where) +
-      match body {
-        case None => ";"
-        case Some(body) =>
-          " {\n" + ind + IND +
-          body.ToString(ind + IND) +
-          "\n" + ind + "}"
+    // Wish: Prove that Optimize() preserves semantics, if any
+    // TODO: Ensure that even without Optimize(), tests pass
+    opaque function Optimize(): (r: Expr)
+      ensures this == r || r.Height() < this.Height()
+    {
+      match this {
+        case UnaryOp("!", BinaryOp("==", left, right, format),
+          CombineFormat()) =>
+          assert BinaryOp("==", left, right, format).Height()
+              == BinaryOp("!=", left, right, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat()).Height();
+          BinaryOp("!=", left, right, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat())
+
+        case UnaryOp("!", BinaryOp("<", left, right, NoFormat()),
+          CombineFormat()) =>
+          assert BinaryOp(">=", left, right, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat()).Height()
+              == BinaryOp("<", left, right, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat()).Height();
+          BinaryOp(">=", left, right, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat())
+
+        case UnaryOp("!", BinaryOp("<", left, right, ReverseFormat()),
+          CombineFormat()) =>
+          assert BinaryOp("<=", right, left, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat()).Height()
+              == BinaryOp("<", left, right, BinaryOpFormat.ReverseFormat()).Height();
+          BinaryOp("<=", right, left, BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat())
+        case Call(ExprFromPath(PMemberSelect(r, "truncate!")), args) =>
+          if (r != dafny_runtime && r != global) || |args| != 2  then
+            this
+          else
+            var expr := args[0];
+            var tpeExpr := args[1];
+            if !tpeExpr.ExprFromType? then this else
+            var tpe := tpeExpr.tpe;
+            if || tpe.U8? || tpe.U16? || tpe.U32? || tpe.U64? || tpe.U128?
+               || tpe.I8? || tpe.I16? || tpe.I32? || tpe.I64? || tpe.I128? then
+              match expr {
+                case Call(ExprFromPath(PMemberSelect(base, "int!")), args) =>
+                  if |args| == 1 && (base == dafny_runtime || base == global) then
+                    match args[0] {
+                      case LiteralInt(number) => LiteralInt(number)
+                      case LiteralString(number, _, _) => LiteralInt(number)
+                      case _ => this
+                    }
+                  else this
+                case _ => this
+              }
+            else
+              this
+        case StmtExpr(DeclareVar(mod, name, Some(tpe), None), StmtExpr(Assign(name2, rhs), last)) =>
+          if name2 == Some(LocalVar(name)) then
+            var rewriting := StmtExpr(DeclareVar(mod, name, Some(tpe), Some(rhs)), last);
+            assert rewriting.Height() < this.Height() by {
+              assert StmtExpr(Assign(name2, rhs), last).Height() ==
+                     1 + max(Assign(name2, rhs).Height(), last.Height()) ==
+                     1 + max(1 + rhs.Height(), last.Height());
+              assert this.Height() == 2 + max(1, 1 + max(1 + rhs.Height(), last.Height()));
+              assert rewriting.Height() == 1 + max(1 + rhs.Height(), last.Height());
+            }
+            rewriting
+          else
+            this
+        case StmtExpr(IfExpr(UnaryOp("!", BinaryOp("==", a, b, f), of), RawExpr("panic!(\"Halt\");"), RawExpr("")), last) =>
+          var rewriting := StmtExpr(Identifier("assert_eq!").Apply([a, b]), last);
+          assume {:axiom} rewriting.Height() < this.Height(); // TODO: Need to prove formally
+          rewriting
+        case _ => this
       }
     }
-  }
-}
 
-module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
-  import opened DAST
-  import Strings = Std.Strings
-  import opened Std.Wrappers
-  import R = RAST
-  const IND := R.IND
-  type Type = DAST.Type
-  type Formal = DAST.Formal
+    predicate LeftRequiresParentheses(left: Expr) {
+      printingInfo.NeedParenthesesForLeft(left.Optimize().printingInfo)
+    }
+    function LeftParentheses(left: Expr): (string, string) {
+      if LeftRequiresParentheses(left) then
+        ("(", ")")
+      else
+        ("", "")
+    }
 
-  function runtime(suffix: string): string {
-    "::dafny_runtime" + suffix
-  }
-  const DafnyErasable := runtime("::DafnyErasable")
+    predicate RightRequiresParentheses(right: Expr) {
+      printingInfo.NeedParenthesesForRight(right.Optimize().printingInfo)
+    }
 
-  // List taken from https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/appendix-01-keywords.html
-  const reserved_rust := {
-    "as","async","await","break","const","continue",
-    "crate","dyn","else","enum","extern","false","fn","for","if","impl",
-    "in","let","loop","match","mod","move","mut","pub","ref","return",
-    "Self","self","static","struct","super","trait","true","type","union",
-    "unsafe","use","where","while","Keywords","The","abstract","become",
-    "box","do","final","macro","override","priv","try","typeof","unsized",
-    "virtual","yield"}
 
-  predicate is_tuple_numeric(i: string) {
-    |i| >= 2 && i[0] == '_' &&
+    function RightParentheses(right: Expr): (string, string) {
+      if RightRequiresParentheses(right) then
+        ("(", ")")
+      else
+        ("", "")
+    }
+
+    function RightMostIdentifier(): Option<string> {
+      match this {
+        case FunctionSelect(_, id) => Some(id)
+        case ExprFromPath(p) => p.RightMostIdentifier()
+        case _ => None
+      }
+    }
+
+    static function MaxHashes(s: string, currentHashes: string, mostHashes: string): string {
+      if |s| == 0 then if |currentHashes| < |mostHashes| then mostHashes else currentHashes else
+      if s[0..1] == "#" then MaxHashes(s[1..], currentHashes + "#", mostHashes)
+      else MaxHashes(s[1..], "", if |currentHashes| < |mostHashes| then mostHashes else currentHashes)
+    }
+
+    static function RemoveDoubleQuotes(s: string): string {
+      if |s| <= 1 then s else
+      if s[0..2] == @"""""" then @"""" + RemoveDoubleQuotes(s[2..]) else
+      s[0..1] + RemoveDoubleQuotes(s[1..])
+    }
+
+    function ToString(ind: string): string
+      decreases Height()
+    {
+      match this.Optimize() {
+        case Identifier(name) => name
+        case ExprFromType(t) => t.ToString(ind)
+        case LiteralInt(number) => number
+        case LiteralBool(b) => if b then "true" else "false"
+        case LiteralString(characters, binary, verbatim) =>
+          var hashes := if verbatim then MaxHashes(characters, "", "") + "#" else "";
+          (if binary then "b" else "") + (if verbatim then "r" + hashes else "") +
+          "\"" + (if verbatim then RemoveDoubleQuotes(characters) else characters) + "\"" + hashes
+        case Match(matchee, cases) =>
+          "match " + matchee.ToString(ind + IND) + " {" +
+          SeqToString(cases,
+                      (c: MatchCase) requires c.Height() < this.Height() =>
+                        "\n" + ind + IND + c.ToString(ind + IND) + ",", "") +
+          "\n" + ind + "}"
+        case StmtExpr(stmt, rhs) => // They are built like StmtExpr(1, StmtExpr(2, StmtExpr(3, ...)))
+          if stmt.RawExpr? && stmt.content == "" then rhs.ToString(ind) else
+          stmt.ToString(ind) + (if stmt.NoExtraSemicolonAfter() then "" else ";") +
+          "\n" + ind + rhs.ToString(ind)
+        case Block(underlying) =>
+          "{\n" + ind + IND + underlying.ToString(ind + IND) + "\n" + ind + "}"
+        case IfExpr(cond, thn, els) =>
+          "if " + cond.ToString(ind + IND) + " {\n" + ind + IND + thn.ToString(ind + IND) +
+          "\n" + ind + "}" +
+          if els == RawExpr("") then "" else
+          " else {\n" + ind + IND + els.ToString(ind + IND) + "\n" + ind + "}"
+        case StructBuild(name, assignments) =>
+          if |assignments| > 0 && assignments[0].identifier == "0" then
+            // Numeric
+            name.ToString(ind) + " (" +
+            SeqToString(assignments, (assignment: AssignIdentifier)
+                        requires assignment.Height() < this.Height()
+                        =>
+                          "\n" + ind + IND + assignment.rhs.ToString(ind + IND), ",") +
+            (if |assignments| > 1 then "\n" + ind else "") + ")"
+          else
+            name.ToString(ind) + " {" +
+            SeqToString(assignments, (assignment: AssignIdentifier)
+                        requires assignment.Height() < this.Height()
+                        =>
+                          "\n" + ind + IND + assignment.ToString(ind + IND), ",") +
+            (if |assignments| > 0 then "\n" + ind else "") + "}"
+        case Tuple(arguments) =>
+          "(" +
+          SeqToString(arguments, (arg: Expr)
+                      requires arg.Height() < this.Height()
+                      =>
+                        "\n" + ind + IND + arg.ToString(ind + IND), ",") +
+          (if |arguments| > 0 then "\n" + ind else "") + ")"
+
+        case UnaryOp(op, underlying, format) =>
+          var (leftP, rightP) :=
+            if printingInfo.NeedParenthesesFor(underlying.Optimize().printingInfo) then
+              ("(", ")")
+            else
+              ("", "");
+          var leftOp := if op == "&mut" && leftP != "(" then op + " " else if op == "?" then "" else op;
+          var rightOp := if op == "?" then op else "";
+
+          leftOp + leftP  + underlying.ToString(ind) + rightP + rightOp
+        case TypeAscription(left, tpe) =>
+          var (leftLeftP, leftRightP) := LeftParentheses(left);
+          leftLeftP + left.ToString(IND) + leftRightP + " as " + tpe.ToString(IND)
+        case BinaryOp(op2, left, right, format) =>
+          var (leftLeftP, leftRighP) := LeftParentheses(left);
+          var (rightLeftP, rightRightP) := RightParentheses(right);
+          var opRendered := " " + op2 + " ";
+          var indLeft := if leftLeftP == "(" then ind + IND else ind;
+          var indRight := if rightLeftP == "(" then ind + IND else ind;
+          leftLeftP + left.ToString(indLeft) + leftRighP + opRendered + rightLeftP + right.ToString(indRight) + rightRightP
+        case DeclareVar(declareType, name, optType, optExpr) =>
+          "let " + (if declareType == MUT then "mut " else "") +
+          name + (if optType.Some? then ": " + optType.value.ToString(ind + IND) else "") +
+
+          (if optExpr.Some? then
+             var optExprString := optExpr.value.ToString(ind + IND);
+             if optExprString == "" then
+               "= /*issue with empty RHS*/" +
+               if optExpr.value.RawExpr? then "Empty Raw expr" else
+               if optExpr.value.LiteralString? then "Empty string literal" else
+               if optExpr.value.LiteralInt? then "Empty int literal" else
+               "Another case"
+             else " = " + optExprString else "") + ";"
+        case Assign(names, expr) =>
+          var lhs := match names {
+            case Some(LocalVar(name)) => name + " = "
+            case Some(SelectMember(member, field)) =>
+              var (leftP, rightP) := Select(member, field).LeftParentheses(member);
+              leftP + member.ToString(ind) + rightP + "." + field + " = "
+            case Some(ExtractTuple(names)) => "(" + SeqToString(names, (name: string) => name, ",") + ") = "
+            case Some(Index(e, indices)) =>
+              var (leftP, rightP) := Call(e, indices).LeftParentheses(e);
+              leftP + e.ToString(ind) + rightP + "[" + SeqToString(indices,
+                                                                   (index: Expr) requires index.Height() < this.Height() => index.ToString(ind + IND), "][")
+              + "] = "
+            case None => "_ = "
+          };
+          lhs + expr.ToString(ind + IND) + ";"
+        case Labelled(name, underlying) =>
+          "'" + name + ": " + underlying.ToString(ind)
+        case Break(optLbl) =>
+          match optLbl {
+            case Some(lbl) => "break '" + lbl + ";"
+            case None => "break;"
+          }
+        case Continue(optLbl) =>
+          match optLbl {
+            case Some(lbl) => "continue '" + lbl + ";"
+            case None => "continue;"
+          }
+        case Loop(optCond, underlying) =>
+          (match optCond {
+             case None => "loop"
+             case Some(c) => "while " + c.ToString(ind + IND)
+           }) + " {\n" + ind + IND + underlying.ToString(ind + IND) + "\n" + ind + "}"
+        case For(name, range, body) =>
+          "for "+ name +" in " + range.ToString(ind + IND) + " {\n" + ind + IND +
+          body.ToString(ind + IND) + "\n" + ind + "}"
+        case Return(optExpr) =>
+          "return" + (if optExpr.Some? then " " + optExpr.value.ToString(ind + IND) else "") + ";"
+        case CallType(expr, tpes) =>
+          var (leftP, rightP) := LeftParentheses(expr);
+          if tpes == [] then expr.ToString(ind) else
+          leftP + expr.ToString(ind) + rightP + "::<" +
+          SeqToString(tpes, (tpe: Type) => tpe.ToString(ind + IND), ", ") +">"
+
+        case Call(expr, args) =>
+          var (leftP, rightP) := LeftParentheses(expr);
+          var (leftCallP, rightCallP) := match expr.RightMostIdentifier() {
+            case Some("seq!") | Some("map!")  =>
+              ("[","]")
+            case Some("set!") | Some("multiset!") =>
+              ("{","}")
+            case _ =>
+              ("(", ")")
+          };
+          leftP + expr.ToString(ind) + rightP +
+          leftCallP + SeqToString(args, (arg: Expr) requires arg.Height() < this.Height() => arg.ToString(ind + IND), ", ")+ rightCallP
+        case Select(expression, name) =>
+          var (leftP, rightP) := LeftParentheses(expression);
+          leftP + expression.ToString(ind) + rightP + "." + name
+        case SelectIndex(expression, range) =>
+          var (leftP, rightP) := LeftParentheses(expression);
+          var rangeStr := range.ToString(ind + IND);
+          leftP + expression.ToString(ind) + rightP + "[" + rangeStr + "]"
+        case ExprFromPath(path) =>
+          path.ToString()
+        case FunctionSelect(expression, name) =>
+          var (leftP, rightP) := LeftParentheses(expression);
+          leftP + expression.ToString(ind) + rightP + "::" + name
+        case Lambda(params, retType, body) =>
+          "move |" + SeqToString(params, (arg: Formal) => arg.ToString(ind), ",") + "| " +
+          (if retType.Some? then
+             "-> " + retType.value.ToString(ind)
+           else "") +
+          (if retType.Some? && !body.Block? then
+             Block(body).ToString(ind)
+           else body.ToString(ind))
+        case r =>
+          assert r.RawExpr?; AddIndent(r.content, ind)
+      }
+    }
+    function Then(rhs2: Expr): Expr {
+      if this.StmtExpr? then
+        StmtExpr(stmt, rhs.Then(rhs2))
+      else if this == RawExpr("") then
+        rhs2
+      else
+        StmtExpr(this, rhs2)
+    }
+
+    // Helpers
+
+    function Sel(name: string): Expr {
+      Select(this, name)
+    }
+    function FSel(name: string): Expr {
+      FunctionSelect(this, name)
+    }
+    function ApplyType(typeParameters: seq<Type>): Expr {
+      if |typeParameters| == 0 then this else
+      CallType(this, typeParameters)
+    }
+    function ApplyType1(typeParameter: Type): Expr {
+      CallType(this, [typeParameter])
+    }
+    function Apply(arguments: seq<Expr>): Expr {
+      Call(this, arguments)
+    }
+
+    function Apply1(argument: Expr): Expr {
+      Call(this, [argument])
+    }
+
+    predicate IsLhsIdentifier() {
+      || this.Identifier?
+      || (&& this.Call?
+          &&
+             (|| (
+                   && this.obj.ExprFromPath? && this.obj.path == dafny_runtime.MSel("modify!")
+                   && |this.arguments| == 1 // modify!(self)
+                   && this.arguments[0].Identifier?)
+              || (
+                   && this.obj.ExprFromPath? && this.obj.path == dafny_runtime.MSel("md!")
+                   && |this.arguments| == 1 // md!(identifier.clone())
+                   && var lhs := this.arguments[0];
+                   && lhs.Call?
+                   && lhs.obj.Select?
+                   && lhs.obj.obj.Identifier?
+                 )))
+    }
+
+    function LhsIdentifierName(): string requires IsLhsIdentifier() {
+      if this.Identifier? then name
+      else if this.obj.ExprFromPath? && obj.path == dafny_runtime.MSel("modify!") then
+        this.arguments[0].name
+      else
+        this.arguments[0].obj.obj.name
+    }
+
+    function Clone(): Expr {
+      Select(this, "clone").Apply([])
+    }
+  }
+
+  const self := Identifier("self")
+
+
+  const crate := Crate()
+  const dafny_runtime_Set := dafny_runtime.MSel("Set").AsExpr()
+  const dafny_runtime_Set_from_array := dafny_runtime_Set.FSel("from_array")
+  const dafny_runtime_Sequence := dafny_runtime.MSel("Sequence").AsExpr()
+  const Sequence_from_array_owned := dafny_runtime_Sequence.FSel("from_array_owned")
+  const Sequence_from_array := dafny_runtime_Sequence.FSel("from_array")
+  const dafny_runtime_Multiset := dafny_runtime.MSel("Multiset").AsExpr()
+  const dafny_runtime_Multiset_from_array := dafny_runtime_Multiset.FSel("from_array")
+
+  function MaybePlacebo(underlying: Expr): Expr {
+    MaybePlaceboPath.FSel("from").Apply1(underlying)
+  }
+
+  const std_rc := std.MSel("rc")
+
+  const std_rc_Rc := std_rc.MSel("Rc")
+
+  const std_rc_Rc_new := std_rc_Rc.FSel("new")
+
+  const std_Default_default := DefaultPath.FSel("default").Apply([])
+
+  function RcNew(underlying: Expr): Expr {
+    Call(std_rc_Rc_new, [underlying])
+  }
+
+  function IntoUsize(underlying: Expr): Expr {
+    dafny_runtime.MSel("DafnyUsize").FSel("into_usize").Apply1(underlying)
+  }
+
+  datatype Fn =
+    Fn(name: string, typeParams: seq<TypeParamDecl>, formals: seq<Formal>,
+       returnType: Option<Type>,
+       where: string,
+       body: Option<Expr>)
+  {
+    function ToString(ind: string): string {
+      "fn " + name + TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple(typeParams, ind) +
+      "(" + SeqToString(formals, (formal: Formal) => formal.ToString(ind), ", ") + ")" +
+      (match returnType case Some(t) => " -> " + t.ToString(ind) case _ => "") +
+      (if where == "" then "" else "\n" + ind + IND + where) +
+      match body {
+        case None => ";"
+        case Some(body) =>
+          " {\n" + ind + IND +
+          body.ToString(ind + IND) +
+          "\n" + ind + "}"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module {:extern "DCOMP"} DafnyToRustCompiler {
+  import FactorPathsOptimization
+
+  import opened DAST
+  import Strings = Std.Strings
+  import Std
+  import opened Std.Wrappers
+  import R = RAST
+  import opened DafnyCompilerRustUtils
+
+  const IND := R.IND
+  type Type = DAST.Type
+  type Formal = DAST.Formal
+
+  const AttributeOwned := Attribute("owned", [])
+
+  // List taken from https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/appendix-01-keywords.html
+  const reserved_rust := {
+    "as","async","await","break","const","continue",
+    "crate","dyn","else","enum","extern","false","fn","for","if","impl",
+    "in","let","loop","match","mod","move","mut","pub","ref","return",
+    "static","struct","super","trait","true","type","union",
+    "unsafe","use","where","while","Keywords","The","abstract","become",
+    "box","do","final","macro","override","priv","try","typeof","unsized",
+    "virtual","yield"}
+
+  const reserved_vars := { "None", "hash" }
+
+  const reserved_rust_need_prefix := {"u8", "u16", "u32", "u64", "u128","i8", "i16", "i32", "i64", "i128"}
+
+  predicate is_tuple_numeric(i: string) {
+    |i| >= 2 && i[0] == '_' &&
     i[1] in "0123456789" &&
     (|i| == 2 ||
      (|i| == 3 && i[2] in "0123456789"))
@@ -334,7 +1519,7 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
   predicate has_special(i: string) {
     if |i| == 0 then false
     else if i[0] == '.' then true
-    else if i[0] == '#' then true // otherwise "escapeIdent("r#") becomes "r#""
+    else if i[0] == '#' then true // otherwise "escapeName("r#") becomes "r#""
     else if i[0] == '_' then
       if 2 <= |i| then
         if i[1] != '_' then true
@@ -365,7 +1550,9 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
       [i[0]] + replaceDots(i[1..])
   }
 
-  predicate is_tuple_builder(i: string) {
+  predicate is_tuple_builder(i: string)
+    // A tuple builder identifier looks like ___hMake0 to ___hMake99
+  {
     && |i| >= 9
     && i[..8] == "___hMake"
     && i[8] in "0123456789"
@@ -383,8 +1570,13 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
     && (|i| >= 2 ==> i[1] != 'T') // To avoid conflict with tuple builders _T<digits>
   }
 
-  predicate is_idiomatic_rust(i: string) {
-    0 < |i| && !has_special(i) && i !in reserved_rust
+  predicate is_idiomatic_rust_id(i: string) {
+    0 < |i| && !has_special(i) && i !in reserved_rust && i !in reserved_rust_need_prefix
+  }
+  // To be used when escaping class names, datatype constructors, externs, paths, function/method names, etc.
+  // Datatype destructors, variable names and field names all use escapeVar()
+  function escapeName(n: Name): string {
+    escapeIdent(n.dafny_name)
   }
 
   function escapeIdent(i: string): string {
@@ -392,9 +1584,11 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
       i
     else if is_tuple_builder(i) then
       better_tuple_builder_name(i)
+    else if i == "self" || i == "Self" then
+      "r#_" + i
     else if i in reserved_rust then
       "r#" + i
-    else if is_idiomatic_rust(i) then
+    else if is_idiomatic_rust_id(i) then
       idiomatic_rust(i)
     else if is_dafny_generated_id(i) then
       i // Dafny-generated identifiers like "_module", cannot be written in Dafny itself
@@ -403,322 +1597,695 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
       "r#_" + r
   }
 
+  // To be used when escaping variables
+  function escapeVar(f: VarName): string {
+    var r := f.dafny_name;
+    if r in reserved_vars then
+      "_" + r
+    else
+      escapeIdent(f.dafny_name)
+  }
+
+  datatype Ownership =
+    | OwnershipOwned
+    | OwnershipOwnedBox
+    | OwnershipBorrowed
+    | OwnershipBorrowedMut
+    | OwnershipAutoBorrowed
+
+  // types stores the Rust type per Rust name.
+  // fn Test<T>(i: T) is map["i" := R.RawType("T")]
+  // fn Test(i: &T) is map["i" := R.Borrowed(...)]
+  // fn Test(i: &mut T) is map["i" := R.BorrowedMut(...)]
+
+  datatype Environment = Environment(
+    names: seq<string>,                 // All variable names, after escape, in Rust
+    types: map<string, R.Type>
+  ) {
+    function ToOwned(): Environment {
+      this.(types :=
+      map k <- types :: k := types[k].ToOwned())
+    }
+    static function Empty(): Environment {
+      Environment([], map[])
+    }
+    opaque predicate CanReadWithoutClone(name: string) {
+      name in types && types[name].CanReadWithoutClone()
+    }
+    opaque predicate HasCloneSemantics(name: string) {
+      !CanReadWithoutClone(name)
+    }
+    function GetType(name: string): Option<R.Type> {
+      if name in types then Some(types[name]) else None
+    }
+    predicate IsBorrowed(name: string) {
+      name in types && types[name].Borrowed?
+    }
+    predicate IsBorrowedMut(name: string) {
+      name in types && types[name].BorrowedMut?
+    }
+    function AddAssigned(name: string, tpe: R.Type): Environment
+      // If we know for sure the type of name extends the Copy trait
+    {
+      Environment(names + [name], types[name := tpe])
+    }
+    function merge(other: Environment): Environment
+    {
+      Environment(
+        names + other.names,
+        types + other.types
+      )
+    }
+    function RemoveAssigned(name: string): Environment
+      requires name in names
+    {
+      var indexInEnv := Std.Collections.Seq.IndexOf(names, name);
+      Environment(
+        names[0..indexInEnv] + names[indexInEnv + 1..],
+        types - {name}
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  const ASSIGNED_PREFIX := "_set"
+
+  function AddAssignedPrefix(rustName: string): string {
+    if |rustName| >= 2 && rustName[0..2] == "r#" then
+      ASSIGNED_PREFIX + rustName[2..]
+    else
+      ASSIGNED_PREFIX + "_" + rustName
+  }
+
+  datatype PointerType = Raw | RcMut
+  datatype CharType = UTF16 | UTF32
+  datatype RootType = RootCrate | RootPath(moduleName: string)
+
+  datatype GenTypeContext =
+    GenTypeContext(forTraitParents: bool)
+  {
+    static function ForTraitParents(): GenTypeContext {
+      GenTypeContext(true)
+    }
+    static function default(): GenTypeContext {
+      GenTypeContext(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Returns the first trait type that has dafnyName as a proper method
+  // Resolution guarantees it's the only one.
+  function TraitTypeContainingMethodAux(rs: seq<Type>, dafnyName: string): Option<ResolvedType> {
+    if |rs| == 0 then None
+    else
+      var res := match rs[0] {
+        case UserDefined(resolvedType) =>
+          TraitTypeContainingMethod(resolvedType, dafnyName)
+        case _ =>
+          None
+      };
+      match res {
+        case Some(_) => res
+        case None => TraitTypeContainingMethodAux(rs[1..], dafnyName)
+      }
+  }
+
+  function TraitTypeContainingMethod(r: ResolvedType, dafnyName: string): Option<ResolvedType> {
+    var ResolvedType(
+        path,
+        typeArgs,
+        kind,
+        attributes,
+        properMethods,
+        extendedTypes) := r;
+    if Name(dafnyName) in properMethods then
+      Some(r)
+    else
+      TraitTypeContainingMethodAux(extendedTypes, dafnyName)
+  }
+
+  /* Which variable is representing the current "this" context and how it's represented
+  if NoSelf? then // static context
+  else if IsSelf() then For object: &Self or &mut Self, for datatypes &Rc<Self>
+  else // For objects: &Object<Self>, for datatypes &Rc<Self>
+  */
+  datatype SelfInfo =
+    | NoSelf
+    | ThisTyped(rSelfName: string, dafnyType: Type)
+  {
+    predicate IsSelf() {
+      ThisTyped? && rSelfName == "self"
+    }
+  }
+
+  datatype ExternAttribute =
+    | NoExtern()
+    | SimpleExtern(overrideName: string)
+    | AdvancedExtern(enclosingModule: string, overrideName: string)
+    | UnsupportedExtern(reason: string)
+
+  opaque function OptExtern(attr: Attribute, dafnyName: Name): Option<ExternAttribute> {
+    if attr.name == "extern" then
+      Some(
+        if |attr.args| == 0 then SimpleExtern(escapeName(dafnyName)) else
+        if |attr.args| == 1 then SimpleExtern(attr.args[0]) else
+        if |attr.args| == 2 then AdvancedExtern(ReplaceDotByDoubleColon(attr.args[0]), attr.args[1]) else
+        UnsupportedExtern("{:extern} supports only 0, 1 or 2 attributes, got " + Std.Strings.OfNat(|attr.args|))
+      )
+    else
+      None
+  }
+
+  // Dots are not valid identifier characters in Rust, so we replace them by double colons.
+  // We don't perform this replacement after any space occurs in an extern string
+  // because normally spaces don't occur in paths, so any use of space indicates something different.
+  function ReplaceDotByDoubleColon(s: string): string {
+    if |s| == 0 then "" else
+    if s[0] == ' ' then s else
+    (if s[0] == '.' then "::" else [s[0]]) + ReplaceDotByDoubleColon(s[1..])
+  }
+
+  function ExtractExtern(attributes: seq<Attribute>, dafnyName: Name): (res: ExternAttribute) {
+    if |attributes| == 0 then NoExtern()
+    else
+      var attr := OptExtern(attributes[0], dafnyName);
+      match attr
+      case Some(n) => n
+      case None =>
+        ExtractExtern(attributes[1..], dafnyName)
+  } by method {
+    for i := 0 to |attributes|
+      invariant ExtractExtern(attributes, dafnyName) == ExtractExtern(attributes[i..], dafnyName)
+    {
+      var attr := OptExtern(attributes[i], dafnyName);
+      assert attributes[i] == attributes[i..][0];
+      match attr {
+        case Some(n) =>
+          res := n;
+          return;
+        case _ =>
+      }
+      assert attributes[i..][1..] == attributes[i+1..];
+    }
+    res := NoExtern();
+  }
+
+  function ExtractExternMod(mod: Module): ExternAttribute {
+    ExtractExtern(mod.attributes, mod.name)
+  }
+
   class COMP {
-    static method GenModule(mod: Module, containingPath: seq<Ident>) returns (s: R.Mod) {
-      var body := GenModuleBody(mod.body, containingPath + [Ident.Ident(mod.name)]);
+    const charType: CharType
+    const pointerType: PointerType
+    const rootType: RootType
+
+    const thisFile: R.Path := if rootType.RootCrate? then R.crate else R.crate.MSel(rootType.moduleName)
+
+    const DafnyChar := if charType.UTF32? then "DafnyChar" else "DafnyCharUTF16"
+    const DafnyCharUnderlying := if charType.UTF32? then R.RawType("char") else R.RawType("u16")
+    const string_of := if charType.UTF32? then "string_of" else "string_utf16_of"
+    const allocate :=
+      if pointerType.Raw? then "allocate" else "allocate_object"
+    const allocate_fn := "_" + allocate
+    const update_field_uninit_macro :=
+      if pointerType.Raw? then "update_field_uninit!" else "update_field_uninit_object!"
+    const thisInConstructor :=
+      if pointerType.Raw? then R.Identifier("this") else R.Identifier("this").Clone()
+    const array_construct :=
+      if pointerType.Raw? then "construct" else "construct_object"
+    const modify_macro := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(if pointerType.Raw? then "modify!" else "md!").AsExpr()
+    const read_macro := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(if pointerType.Raw? then "read!" else "rd!").AsExpr()
+    function Object(underlying: R.Type): R.Type {
+      if pointerType.Raw? then R.PtrType(underlying) else R.ObjectType(underlying)
+    }
+    const placebos_usize := if pointerType.Raw? then "placebos_usize" else "placebos_usize_object"
+    const update_field_if_uninit_macro :=
+      if pointerType.Raw? then "update_field_if_uninit!" else "update_field_if_uninit_object!"
+    const Upcast :=
+      if pointerType.Raw? then "Upcast" else "UpcastObject"
+    const UpcastFnMacro :=
+      Upcast + "Fn!"
+    const upcast :=
+      if pointerType.Raw? then "upcast" else "upcast_object"
+
+    const downcast :=
+      if pointerType.Raw? then "cast!" else "cast_object!"
+
+    function UnreachablePanicIfVerified(optText: string := ""): string {
+      if pointerType.Raw? then "unsafe { ::std::hint::unreachable_unchecked() }" else
+      if optText == "" then "panic!()" else "panic!(\"" + optText + "\")"
+    }
 
-      s := if mod.isExtern then
-        R.ExternMod(escapeIdent(mod.name))
-      else
-        R.Mod(escapeIdent(mod.name), body);
+
+    static const TailRecursionPrefix := "_r"
+
+    var error: Option<string>
+
+    var optimizations: seq<R.Mod -> R.Mod>
+
+    static const DAFNY_EXTERN_MODULE := "_dafny_externs"
+
+    constructor(charType: CharType, pointerType: PointerType, rootType: RootType) {
+      this.charType := charType;
+      this.pointerType := pointerType;
+      this.rootType := rootType;
+      this.error := None; // If error, then the generated code contains <i>Unsupported: .*</i>
+      this.optimizations := [FactorPathsOptimization.apply(thisFile)];
+      new;
+    }
+
+    static function ContainingPathToRust(containingPath: seq<Ident>): seq<string> {
+      Std.Collections.Seq.Map((i: Ident) => escapeName(i.id), containingPath)
+    }
+
+    predicate HasAttribute(attributes: seq<Attribute>, name: string) {
+      exists attribute <- attributes :: attribute.name == name && |attribute.args| == 0
+    }
+
+    // Returns a top-level gathering module that can be merged with other gathering modules
+    method GenModule(mod: Module, containingPath: seq<Ident>) returns (s: SeqMap<string, GatheringModule>)
+      decreases mod, 1
+      modifies this
+    {
+      var (innerPath, innerName) := DafnyNameToContainingPathAndName(mod.name);
+      var containingPath := containingPath + innerPath;
+      var modName := escapeName(innerName);
+      if mod.body.None? {
+        s := GatheringModule.Wrap(ContainingPathToRust(containingPath), R.ExternMod(modName));
+      } else {
+        assume {:axiom} forall m: ModuleItem <- mod.body.value :: m < mod;
+        var optExtern: ExternAttribute := ExtractExternMod(mod);
+        var attributes := [];
+        if HasAttribute(mod.attributes, "rust_cfg_test") {
+          attributes := [R.RawAttribute("#[cfg(test)]")];
+        }
+        var body, allmodules := GenModuleBody(mod, mod.body.value, containingPath + [Ident.Ident(innerName)]);
+        if optExtern.SimpleExtern? {
+          if mod.requiresExterns {
+            body := [R.UseDecl(R.Use(R.PUB, thisFile.MSel(DAFNY_EXTERN_MODULE).MSel(ReplaceDotByDoubleColon(optExtern.overrideName)).MSel("*")))] + body;
+          }
+        } else if optExtern.AdvancedExtern? {
+          error := Some("Externs on modules can only have 1 string argument");
+        } else if optExtern.UnsupportedExtern? {
+          error := Some(optExtern.reason);
+        }
+        s := GatheringModule.MergeSeqMap(
+          GatheringModule.Wrap(ContainingPathToRust(containingPath), R.Mod(modName, attributes, body)),
+          allmodules);
+      }
     }
 
-    static method GenModuleBody(body: seq<ModuleItem>, containingPath: seq<Ident>) returns (s: seq<R.ModDecl>) {
+    method GenModuleBody(ghost parent: Module, body: seq<ModuleItem>, containingPath: seq<Ident>)
+      returns (s: seq<R.ModDecl>, allmodules: SeqMap<string, GatheringModule>)
+      requires forall m: ModuleItem <- body :: m < parent
+      decreases parent, 0
+      modifies this
+    {
       s := [];
-      var i := 0;
-      while i < |body| {
+      allmodules := SeqMap.Empty();
+      for i := 0 to |body| {
         var generated;
         match body[i] {
           case Module(m) =>
+            assume {:axiom} m < parent;
             var mm := GenModule(m, containingPath);
-            generated := [R.ModDecl(mm)];
+            allmodules := GatheringModule.MergeSeqMap(allmodules, mm);
+            generated := [];
           case Class(c) =>
             generated := GenClass(c, containingPath + [Ident.Ident(c.name)]);
           case Trait(t) =>
-            var tt := GenTrait(t, containingPath);
-            generated := [R.RawDecl(tt)];
+            generated := GenTrait(t, containingPath);
           case Newtype(n) =>
             generated := GenNewtype(n);
+          case SynonymType(s) =>
+            generated := GenSynonymType(s);
           case Datatype(d) =>
             generated := GenDatatype(d);
         }
         s := s + generated;
-        i := i + 1;
       }
     }
 
-    static method GenTypeParameters(params: seq<Type>)
+    method GenTypeParam(tp: TypeArgDecl) returns (typeArg: Type, typeParam: R.TypeParamDecl)
+    {
+      typeArg := TypeArg(tp.name);
+      var genTpConstraint := if SupportsEquality in tp.bounds then
+        [R.DafnyTypeEq]
+      else
+        [R.DafnyType];
+      if SupportsDefault in tp.bounds {
+        genTpConstraint := genTpConstraint + [R.DefaultTrait];
+      }
+      typeParam := R.TypeParamDecl(escapeName(tp.name.id), genTpConstraint);
+    }
+
+    method GenTypeParameters(params: seq<TypeArgDecl>)
       returns (
-        typeParamsSet: set<Type>,
-        typeParams: seq<R.TypeParam>,
-        constrainedTypeParams: seq<R.TypeParam>,
-        whereConstraints: string,
-        constrainedEraseParams: seq<R.TypeParam>,
-        unerasedParams: string,
-        erasedParams: string)
+        typeParamsSeq: seq<Type>,
+        typeParams: seq<R.Type>,
+        constrainedTypeParams: seq<R.TypeParamDecl>,
+        whereConstraints: string)
     {
-      typeParamsSet := {};
+      typeParamsSeq := [];
       typeParams := [];
       constrainedTypeParams := [];
       whereConstraints := "";
-      constrainedEraseParams := [];
-      unerasedParams := "";
-      erasedParams := "";
-      var tpI := 0;
-
       if |params| > 0 {
-        whereConstraints := " where ";
-        unerasedParams := "<";
-        erasedParams := "<";
-        while tpI < |params| {
+        for tpI := 0 to |params| {
           var tp := params[tpI];
-          typeParamsSet := typeParamsSet + {tp};
-          var genTp := GenType(tp, false, false);
-          typeParams := typeParams + [R.RawTypeParam(genTp)];
-          var baseConstraints := ": ::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable + ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<" + genTp + "> + Clone + ::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint + ::std::default::Default";
-          constrainedTypeParams := constrainedTypeParams + [R.RawTypeParam(genTp + baseConstraints + " + 'static")];
-          whereConstraints := whereConstraints + "<" + genTp + " as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable>::Erased: ::std::cmp::PartialEq" + ", ";
-          constrainedEraseParams := constrainedEraseParams + [R.RawTypeParam(genTp + "__Erased" + ", " + genTp + baseConstraints + " + ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<" + genTp + "__Erased> + 'static")];
-          unerasedParams := unerasedParams + genTp + "__Erased" + ", ";
-          erasedParams := erasedParams + genTp + "::Erased" + ", ";
-          tpI := tpI + 1;
+          var typeArg, typeParam := GenTypeParam(tp);
+          var rType := GenType(typeArg, GenTypeContext.default());
+          typeParamsSeq := typeParamsSeq + [typeArg];
+          typeParams := typeParams + [rType];
+          constrainedTypeParams := constrainedTypeParams + [typeParam];
         }
-        unerasedParams := unerasedParams + ">";
-        erasedParams := erasedParams + ">";
       }
     }
 
-    static method GenClass(c: Class, path: seq<Ident>) returns (s: seq<R.ModDecl>) {
-      var typeParamsSet, sTypeParams, sConstrainedTypeParams, whereConstraints, constrainedEraseParams, unerasedParams, erasedParams := GenTypeParameters(c.typeParams);
-      var constrainedTypeParams := R.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(sConstrainedTypeParams, R.IND + R.IND);
+    // If we build a resolved type from this compiler, we won't have access to all
+    // the extended traits, so the equality can be relaxed a bit
+    predicate IsSameResolvedTypeAnyArgs(r1: ResolvedType, r2: ResolvedType) {
+      r1.path == r2.path &&
+      r1.kind == r2.kind
+    }
+
+    // If we build a resolved type from this compiler, we won't have access to all
+    // the extended traits, so the equality can be relaxed a bit
+    predicate IsSameResolvedType(r1: ResolvedType, r2: ResolvedType) {
+      IsSameResolvedTypeAnyArgs(r1, r2)
+      && r1.typeArgs == r2.typeArgs
+    }
+
+    function GatherTypeParamNames(types: set<string>, typ: R.Type): set<string> {
+      typ.Fold(types, (types: set<string>, currentType: R.Type) =>
+                 if currentType.TIdentifier? then
+                   types + {currentType.name}
+                 else
+                   types
+      )
+    }
+
+    method GenClass(c: Class, path: seq<Ident>) returns (s: seq<R.ModDecl>)
+      modifies this
+    {
+      var typeParamsSeq, rTypeParams, rTypeParamsDecls, whereConstraints := GenTypeParameters(c.typeParams);
+      var constrainedTypeParams := R.TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple(rTypeParamsDecls, R.IND + R.IND);
 
-      var fields: seq<R.Formal> := [];
+      var fields: seq<R.Field> := [];
       var fieldInits: seq<R.AssignIdentifier> := [];
-      var fieldI := 0;
-      while fieldI < |c.fields| {
+      var usedTypeParams: set<string> := {};
+      for fieldI := 0 to |c.fields| {
         var field := c.fields[fieldI];
-        var fieldType := GenType(field.formal.typ, false, false);
-        fields := fields + [R.Formal("pub " + escapeIdent(field.formal.name), R.RawType("::std::cell::RefCell<" + fieldType + ">"))];
+        var fieldType := GenType(field.formal.typ, GenTypeContext.default());
+        usedTypeParams := GatherTypeParamNames(usedTypeParams, fieldType);
+        var fieldRustName := escapeVar(field.formal.name);
+        fields := fields + [R.Field(R.PUB, R.Formal(fieldRustName, fieldType))];
 
         match field.defaultValue {
           case Some(e) => {
-            var eStr, _, _, _ := GenExpr(e, None, [], true);
+            // TODO(mikael): Fields must be initialized before the code of the constructor if possible
+            var expr, _, _ := GenExpr(e, NoSelf, Environment.Empty(), OwnershipOwned);
+
             fieldInits := fieldInits + [
               R.AssignIdentifier(
-                escapeIdent(field.formal.name),
-                R.RawExpr("::std::cell::RefCell::new(" + eStr + ")"))];
+                fieldRustName, expr)];
           }
           case None => {
+            // TODO(mikael) Use type descriptors for default values if generics
+            var default := R.std_Default_default;
+            if fieldType.IsObjectOrPointer() {
+              default := fieldType.ToNullExpr();
+            }
             fieldInits := fieldInits + [
               R.AssignIdentifier(
-                escapeIdent(field.formal.name),
-                R.RawExpr("::std::cell::RefCell::new(::std::default::Default::default())"))];
+                fieldRustName, default)];
           }
         }
-
-        fieldI := fieldI + 1;
       }
 
-      var typeParamI := 0;
-      while typeParamI < |c.typeParams| {
-        var tpeGen := GenType(c.typeParams[typeParamI], false, false);
-        fields := fields + [R.Formal("_phantom_type_param_" + Strings.OfNat(typeParamI), R.RawType("::std::marker::PhantomData<" + tpeGen + ">"))];
+      // A phantom field is necessary to avoid Rust complaining about no reference to the type parameter.
+      // PhantomData is zero-sized so it won't impact final performance or layout
+      for typeParamI := 0 to |c.typeParams| {
+        var typeArg, typeParam := GenTypeParam(c.typeParams[typeParamI]);
+        var rTypeArg := GenType(typeArg, GenTypeContext.default());
+        if typeParam.name in usedTypeParams {
+          continue;
+        }
+        fields := fields + [
+          R.Field(R.PRIV,
+                  R.Formal("_phantom_type_param_" + Strings.OfNat(typeParamI),
+                           R.TypeApp(R.std.MSel("marker").MSel("PhantomData").AsType(), [rTypeArg])))];
         fieldInits := fieldInits + [
           R.AssignIdentifier(
             "_phantom_type_param_" + Strings.OfNat(typeParamI),
             R.RawExpr("::std::marker::PhantomData"))];
+      }
 
-        typeParamI := typeParamI + 1;
-      }
-
-      var struct := R.Struct([], escapeIdent(c.name), sTypeParams, R.NamedFormals(fields));
-      var typeParams := R.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(sTypeParams, R.IND + R.IND);
-
-      s := [R.StructDecl(struct)];
-
-      var implBodyRaw, traitBodies := GenClassImplBody(c.body, false, Type.Path([], [], ResolvedType.Datatype(path)), typeParamsSet);
-      var implBody :=
-        [R.FnDecl(
-           R.PUB,
-           R.Fn(
-             "new",
-             [], [], Some(R.SelfOwned),
-             "",
-             Some(R.StructBuild(
-                    escapeIdent(c.name),
-                    fieldInits
-                  ))
-           ))] + implBodyRaw;
-
-      var i := R.Impl(
-        sConstrainedTypeParams,
-        R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-        whereConstraints,
-        implBody
-      );
-      s := s + [R.ImplDecl(i)];
-      if (|c.superClasses| > 0) {
-        var i := 0;
-        while i < |c.superClasses| {
-          var superClass := c.superClasses[i];
-          match superClass {
-            case Path(traitPath, typeArgs, Trait(_)) => {
-              var pathStr := GenPath(traitPath);
-              var typeArgs := GenTypeArgs(typeArgs, false, false);
-              var body: seq<R.ImplMember> := [];
-              if traitPath in traitBodies {
-                body := traitBodies[traitPath];
-              }
+      var extern := ExtractExtern(c.attributes, c.name);
+
+      var className;
+      if extern.SimpleExtern? {
+        className := extern.overrideName;
+      } else {
+        className := escapeName(c.name);
+        if extern.AdvancedExtern? {
+          error := Some("Multi-argument externs not supported for classes yet");
+        }
+      }
+
+      var struct := R.Struct([], className, rTypeParamsDecls, R.NamedFields(fields));
+      s := [];
+
+      if extern.NoExtern? {
+        s := s + [R.StructDecl(struct)];
+      }
+
+      var implBody, traitBodies := GenClassImplBody(
+        c.body, false,
+        Type.UserDefined(
+          ResolvedType(
+            path,
+            [],
+            ResolvedTypeBase.Class(),
+            c.attributes,
+            [], [])),
+        typeParamsSeq);
+
+      if extern.NoExtern? && className != "_default" {
+        implBody := [
+          R.FnDecl(
+            R.PUB,
+            R.Fn(allocate_fn,
+                 [], [], Some(Object(R.SelfOwned)),
+                 "",
+                 Some(
+                   R.dafny_runtime.MSel(allocate).AsExpr().ApplyType1(R.SelfOwned).Apply([])
+                 ))
+          )
+        ] + implBody;
+      }
+
+      var selfTypeForImpl;
+      if extern.NoExtern? || extern.UnsupportedExtern? {
+        selfTypeForImpl := R.TIdentifier(className);
+      } else if extern.AdvancedExtern? {
+        selfTypeForImpl := R.crate.MSel(extern.enclosingModule).MSel(extern.overrideName).AsType();
+      } else if extern.SimpleExtern? {
+        selfTypeForImpl := R.TIdentifier(extern.overrideName);
+      }
+      if |implBody| > 0 {
+        var i := R.Impl(
+          rTypeParamsDecls,
+          R.TypeApp(selfTypeForImpl, rTypeParams),
+          whereConstraints,
+          implBody
+        );
+        s := s + [R.ImplDecl(i)];
+      }
+      // Add test methods
+      var testMethods := [];
+      if className == "_default" {
+        for i := 0 to |c.body| {
+          var m := match c.body[i] case Method(m) => m;
+          if HasAttribute(m.attributes, "test") && |m.params| == 0 {
+            var fnName := escapeName(m.name);
+            testMethods := testMethods + [
+              R.TopFnDecl(
+                R.TopFn(
+                  [R.RawAttribute("#[test]")], R.PUB,
+                  R.Fn(
+                    fnName, [], [], None,
+                    "",
+                    Some(R.Identifier("_default").FSel(fnName).Apply([])))
+                ))
+            ];
+          }
+        }
+        s := s + testMethods;
+      }
+      var genSelfPath := GenPathType(path);
+      // TODO: If general traits, check whether the trait extends object or not.
+      if className != "_default" {
+        s := s + [
+          R.ImplDecl(
+            R.ImplFor(
+              rTypeParamsDecls,
+              R.dafny_runtime.MSel(Upcast).AsType().Apply([R.DynType(R.AnyTrait)]),
+              R.TypeApp(genSelfPath, rTypeParams),
+              whereConstraints,
+              [
+                R.ImplMemberMacro(
+                  R.dafny_runtime
+                  .MSel(UpcastFnMacro).AsExpr()
+                  .Apply1(R.ExprFromType(R.DynType(R.AnyTrait))))
+              ]
+            )
+          )
+        ];
+      }
+      var superClasses := if className == "_default" then [] else c.superClasses;
+      for i := 0 to |superClasses| {
+        var superClass := superClasses[i];
+        match superClass {
+          case UserDefined(ResolvedType(traitPath, typeArgs, Trait(), _, properMethods, _)) => {
+            var pathStr := GenPathType(traitPath);
+            var typeArgs := GenTypeArgs(typeArgs, GenTypeContext.default());
+            var body: seq<R.ImplMember> := [];
+            if traitPath in traitBodies {
+              body := traitBodies[traitPath];
+            }
 
-              var genSelfPath := GenPath(path);
-              var x := R.ImplDecl(
+            var traitType := R.TypeApp(pathStr, typeArgs);
+            if !extern.NoExtern? { // An extern of some kind
+              // Either the Dafny code implements all the methods of the trait or none,
+              if |body| == 0 && |properMethods| != 0 {
+                continue; // We assume everything is implemented externally
+              }
+              if |body| != |properMethods| {
+                error := Some("Error: In the class " + R.SeqToString(path, (s: Ident) => s.id.dafny_name, ".") + ", some proper methods of " +
+                              traitType.ToString("") + " are marked {:extern} and some are not." +
+                              " For the Rust compiler, please make all methods (" + R.SeqToString(properMethods, (s: Name) => s.dafny_name, ", ") +
+                              ")  bodiless and mark as {:extern} and implement them in a Rust file, "+
+                              "or mark none of them as {:extern} and implement them in Dafny. " +
+                              "Alternatively, you can insert an intermediate trait that performs the partial implementation if feasible.");
+              }
+            }
+            if |body| == 0 {
+              // Extern type, we assume
+            }
+            var x := R.ImplDecl(
+              R.ImplFor(
+                rTypeParamsDecls,
+                traitType,
+                R.TypeApp(genSelfPath, rTypeParams),
+                whereConstraints,
+                body
+              ));
+            s := s + [x];
+
+            s := s + [
+              R.ImplDecl(
                 R.ImplFor(
-                  sConstrainedTypeParams,
-                  R.RawType(pathStr + typeArgs),
-                  R.RawType("::std::rc::Rc<" + genSelfPath + typeParams + ">"),
+                  rTypeParamsDecls,
+                  R.dafny_runtime.MSel(Upcast).AsType().Apply([R.DynType(traitType)]),
+                  R.TypeApp(genSelfPath, rTypeParams),
                   whereConstraints,
-                  body
-                ));
-              s := s + [x];
-            }
-            case _ => {}
+                  [
+                    R.ImplMemberMacro(
+                      R.dafny_runtime
+                      .MSel(UpcastFnMacro).AsExpr()
+                      .Apply1(R.ExprFromType(R.DynType(traitType))))
+                  ]
+                )
+              )
+            ];
           }
-          i := i + 1;
+          case _ => {}
         }
       }
+    }
 
-      var d := R.ImplFor(
-        sConstrainedTypeParams,
-        R.RawType("::std::default::Default"),
-        R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-        whereConstraints,
-        [R.FnDecl(
-           R.PRIV,
-           R.Fn(
-             "default", [], [], Some(R.SelfOwned),
-             "",
-             Some(R.RawExpr(escapeIdent(c.name) + "::new()"))))]
-      );
-      var defaultImpl := [R.ImplDecl(d)];
-
-      var p :=
-        R.ImplFor(
-          sConstrainedTypeParams,
-          R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint"),
-          R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-          "",
-          [R.FnDecl(
-             R.PRIV,
-             R.Fn(
-               "fmt_print", [],
-               [R.Formal.self, R.Formal("_formatter", R.RawType("&mut ::std::fmt::Formatter")), R.Formal("_in_seq", R.RawType("bool"))],
-               Some(R.RawType("std::fmt::Result")),
-               "",
-               Some(R.RawExpr("write!(_formatter, \"" + c.enclosingModule.id + "." + c.name + "\")"))
-             ))]
-        );
-      var printImpl := [R.ImplDecl(p)];
-
-      var pp := R.ImplFor(
-        sTypeParams,
-        R.RawType("::std::cmp::PartialEq"),
-        R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-        "",
-        [R.FnDecl(
-           R.PRIV,
-           R.Fn(
-             "eq", [],
-             [R.Formal.self, R.Formal("other", R.Self)],
-             Some(R.RawType("bool")),
-             "",
-             Some(R.RawExpr("::std::ptr::eq(self, other)"))
-           ))]
-      );
-      var ptrPartialEqImpl := [R.ImplDecl(pp)];
-
-      var ii := R.ImplDecl(R.ImplFor(
-                             sConstrainedTypeParams,
-                             R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable"),
-                             R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-                             "",
-                             [R.RawImplMember("type Erased = " + escapeIdent(c.name) + erasedParams + ";")]
-                           ));
-      var u := R.ImplDecl(R.ImplFor(
-                            constrainedEraseParams,
-                            R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<" + escapeIdent(c.name) + unerasedParams + ">"),
-                            R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-                            "", []
-                          ));
-      var identEraseImpls := [ii, u];
-
-      s := s + defaultImpl + printImpl + ptrPartialEqImpl + identEraseImpls;
-    }
-
-    static method GenTrait(t: Trait, containingPath: seq<Ident>) returns (s: string) {
-      var typeParamsSet := {};
-      var typeParams := "";
-      var tpI := 0;
+    method GenTrait(t: Trait, containingPath: seq<Ident>) returns (s: seq<R.ModDecl>)
+      modifies this
+    {
+      var typeParamsSeq := [];
+      var typeParamDecls := [];
+      var typeParams := [];
       if |t.typeParams| > 0 {
-        typeParams := "<";
-        while tpI < |t.typeParams| {
+        for tpI := 0 to |t.typeParams| {
           var tp := t.typeParams[tpI];
-          typeParamsSet := typeParamsSet + {tp};
-          var genTp := GenType(tp, false, false);
-          typeParams := typeParams + genTp + ", ";
-          tpI := tpI + 1;
+          var typeArg, typeParamDecl := GenTypeParam(tp);
+          typeParamsSeq := typeParamsSeq + [typeArg];
+          typeParamDecls := typeParamDecls + [typeParamDecl];
+          var typeParam := GenType(typeArg, GenTypeContext.default());
+          typeParams := typeParams + [typeParam];
         }
-        typeParams := typeParams + ">";
       }
 
       var fullPath := containingPath + [Ident.Ident(t.name)];
-      var implBody, _ := GenClassImplBody(t.body, true, Type.Path(fullPath, [], ResolvedType.Trait(fullPath)), typeParamsSet);
-      s :=
-        R.TraitDecl(R.Trait(
-                      [], R.RawType(escapeIdent(t.name) + typeParams),
-                      "",
-                      implBody
-                    )).ToString(IND);
+      var implBody, _ := GenClassImplBody(
+        t.body, true,
+        UserDefined(
+          ResolvedType(
+            fullPath, [],
+            ResolvedTypeBase.Trait(), t.attributes,
+            [], [])),
+        typeParamsSeq);
+      var parents := [];
+      for i := 0 to |t.parents| {
+        var tpe := GenType(t.parents[i], GenTypeContext.ForTraitParents());
+        parents := parents + [tpe] + [R.dafny_runtime.MSel(Upcast).AsType().Apply1(R.DynType(tpe))];
+      }
+      s := [
+        R.TraitDecl(
+          R.Trait(
+            typeParamDecls, R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(escapeName(t.name)), typeParams),
+            parents,
+            implBody
+          ))];
     }
 
-    static method GenNewtype(c: Newtype) returns (s: seq<R.ModDecl>) {
-      var typeParamsSet, sTypeParams, sConstrainedTypeParams, whereConstraints, _, _, _ := GenTypeParameters(c.typeParams);
-      var typeParams := R.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(sTypeParams, R.IND + R.IND);
-      var constrainedTypeParams := R.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(sConstrainedTypeParams, R.IND + R.IND);
+    method GenNewtype(c: Newtype) returns (s: seq<R.ModDecl>)
+      modifies this
+    {
+      var typeParamsSeq, rTypeParams, rTypeParamsDecls, whereConstraints := GenTypeParameters(c.typeParams);
+      var constrainedTypeParams := R.TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple(rTypeParamsDecls, R.IND + R.IND);
+
+      var underlyingType;
+      match NewtypeRangeToRustType(c.range) {
+        case Some(v) =>
+          underlyingType := v;
+        case None =>
+          underlyingType := GenType(c.base, GenTypeContext.default());
+      }
+      var resultingType :=
+        UserDefined(
+          ResolvedType(
+            [], [],
+            ResolvedTypeBase.Newtype(c.base, c.range, false),
+            c.attributes, [], []));
+      var newtypeName := escapeName(c.name);
+      s := [
+        R.StructDecl(
+          R.Struct(
+            [
+              R.RawAttribute("#[derive(Clone, PartialEq)]"),
+              R.RawAttribute("#[repr(transparent)]")
+            ],
+            newtypeName,
+            rTypeParamsDecls,
+            R.NamelessFields([R.NamelessField(R.PUB, underlyingType)])
+          ))];
 
-      var underlyingType := GenType(c.base, false, false);
-      s := [R.StructDecl(
-              R.Struct(
-                [
-                  R.RawAttribute("#[derive(Clone, PartialEq)]"),
-                  R.RawAttribute("#[repr(transparent)]")
-                ],
-                escapeIdent(c.name),
-                sTypeParams,
-                R.NamelessFormals([R.RawType("pub " + underlyingType)])
-              ))];
-      s := s +
-      [R.ImplDecl(R.ImplFor(
-                    sConstrainedTypeParams,
-                    R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable"),
-                    R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-                    "",
-                    [R.RawImplMember("type Erased = " + underlyingType + ";")]
-                  ))];
-      s := s +
-      [R.ImplDecl(
-         R.ImplFor(
-           sConstrainedTypeParams,
-           R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<" + underlyingType + ">"),
-           R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-           "", []))];
-      s := s +
-      [R.ImplDecl(
-         R.ImplFor(
-           sConstrainedTypeParams,
-           R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<" + escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams + ">"),
-           R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-           "", []))];
-
-      var fnBody := "";
+      var fnBody := R.Identifier(newtypeName);
 
       match c.witnessExpr {
         case Some(e) => {
-          // TODO(shadaj): generate statements
-          var eStr, _, _, _ := GenExpr(e, None, [], true);
-          fnBody := fnBody + escapeIdent(c.name) + "(" + eStr + ")\n";
+          var e := if c.base == resultingType then e else Convert(e, c.base, resultingType);
+          // TODO(Mikael): generate statements if any
+          var eStr, _, _ := GenExpr(e, NoSelf, Environment.Empty(), OwnershipOwned);
+          fnBody := fnBody.Apply1(eStr);
         }
         case None => {
-          fnBody := fnBody + escapeIdent(c.name) + "(::std::default::Default::default())";
+          fnBody := fnBody.Apply1(R.std_Default_default);
         }
       }
 
@@ -728,130 +2295,261 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
           R.Fn(
             "default", [], [], Some(R.SelfOwned),
             "",
-            Some(R.RawExpr(fnBody))
+            Some(fnBody)
           ));
+      match c.constraint {
+        case None =>
+        case Some(NewtypeConstraint(formal, constraintStmts)) =>
+          var rStmts, _, newEnv := GenStmts(constraintStmts, NoSelf, Environment.Empty(), false, None);
+          var rFormals := GenParams([formal]);
+          s := s + [
+            R.ImplDecl(
+              R.Impl(
+                rTypeParamsDecls,
+                R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(newtypeName), rTypeParams),
+                whereConstraints,
+                [
+                  R.FnDecl(
+                    R.PUB,
+                    R.Fn(
+                      "is", [], rFormals, Some(R.Bool()),
+                      "",
+                      Some(rStmts)
+                    ))
+                ]
+              )
+            )];
+      }
       s := s + [
         R.ImplDecl(
           R.ImplFor(
-            sConstrainedTypeParams,
-            R.RawType("::std::default::Default"),
-            R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
+            rTypeParamsDecls,
+            R.DefaultTrait,
+            R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(newtypeName), rTypeParams),
             whereConstraints,
             [body]))];
       s := s + [
-        R.ImplDecl(R.ImplFor(
-                     sConstrainedTypeParams,
-                     R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint"),
-                     R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-                     "",
-                     [R.FnDecl(R.PRIV,
-                               R.Fn("fmt_print", [],
-                                    [R.Formal.self, R.Formal("_formatter", R.RawType("&mut ::std::fmt::Formatter")), R.Formal("in_seq", R.RawType("bool"))],
-                                    Some(R.RawType("::std::fmt::Result")),
-                                    "",
-                                    Some(R.RawExpr("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(&self.0, _formatter, in_seq)"))
-                               ))]))];
+        R.ImplDecl(
+          R.ImplFor(
+            rTypeParamsDecls,
+            R.DafnyPrint,
+            R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(newtypeName), rTypeParams),
+            "",
+            [R.FnDecl(
+               R.PRIV,
+               R.Fn("fmt_print", [],
+                    [R.Formal.selfBorrowed, R.Formal("_formatter", R.RawType("&mut ::std::fmt::Formatter")), R.Formal("in_seq", R.Type.Bool)],
+                    Some(R.RawType("::std::fmt::Result")),
+                    "",
+                    Some(R.RawExpr("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(&self.0, _formatter, in_seq)"))
+               ))]))];
       s := s + [
         R.ImplDecl(
           R.ImplFor(
-            sConstrainedTypeParams,
+            rTypeParamsDecls,
             R.RawType("::std::ops::Deref"),
-            R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
+            R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(newtypeName), rTypeParams),
             "",
-            [R.RawImplMember("type Target = " + underlyingType + ";"),
+            [R.RawImplMember("type Target = " + underlyingType.ToString(IND) + ";"),
              R.FnDecl(
                R.PRIV,
                R.Fn("deref", [],
-                    [R.Formal.self], Some(R.RawType("&Self::Target")),
+                    [R.Formal.selfBorrowed], Some(R.Borrowed(R.Self().MSel("Target").AsType())),
                     "",
                     Some(R.RawExpr("&self.0"))))]))];
     }
 
-    static method GenDatatype(c: Datatype) returns (s: seq<R.ModDecl>) {
-      var typeParamsSet, sTypeParams, sConstrainedTypeParams, whereConstraints, sConstrainedEraseParams, unerasedParams, erasedParams := GenTypeParameters(c.typeParams);
-      var typeParams := R.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(sTypeParams, IND + IND);
-      var constrainedTypeParams := R.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(sConstrainedTypeParams, IND + IND);
-      var constrainedEraseParams := R.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(sConstrainedEraseParams, IND);
+    method GenSynonymType(c: SynonymType) returns (s: seq<R.ModDecl>)
+      modifies this
+    {
+      var typeParamsSeq, rTypeParams, rTypeParamsDecls, whereConstraints := GenTypeParameters(c.typeParams);
+      var synonymTypeName := escapeName(c.name);
+      var resultingType := GenType(c.base, GenTypeContext.default());
+
+      s := [
+        R.TypeDecl(
+          R.TypeSynonym(
+            [],
+            synonymTypeName, rTypeParamsDecls, resultingType
+          ))];
 
-      var ctors: seq<R.EnumCase> := [];
-      var i := 0;
-      while i < |c.ctors| {
+      var defaultConstrainedTypeParams := R.TypeParamDecl.AddConstraintsMultiple(
+        rTypeParamsDecls, [R.DefaultTrait]
+      );
+      match c.witnessExpr {
+        case Some(e) => {
+          var rStmts, _, newEnv := GenStmts(c.witnessStmts, NoSelf, Environment.Empty(), false, None);
+          var rExpr, _, _ := GenExpr(e, NoSelf, newEnv, OwnershipOwned);
+          var constantName := escapeName(Name("_init_" + c.name.dafny_name));
+          s := s + [
+            R.TopFnDecl(
+              R.TopFn(
+                [], R.PUB,
+                R.Fn(
+                  constantName, defaultConstrainedTypeParams, [], Some(resultingType),
+                  "",
+                  Some(rStmts.Then(rExpr)))
+              )
+            )
+          ];
+        }
+        case None => {}
+      }
+    }
+
+    predicate TypeIsEq(t: Type)
+      decreases t
+    {
+      match t
+      case UserDefined(_) => true // ResolvedTypes are assumed to support equality
+      case Tuple(ts) => forall t <- ts :: TypeIsEq(t)
+      case Array(t, _) => TypeIsEq(t)
+      case Seq(t) => TypeIsEq(t)
+      case Set(t) => TypeIsEq(t)
+      case Multiset(t) => TypeIsEq(t)
+      case Map(k, v) => TypeIsEq(k) && TypeIsEq(v)
+      case SetBuilder(t) => TypeIsEq(t)
+      case MapBuilder(k, v) => TypeIsEq(k) && TypeIsEq(v)
+      case Arrow(_, _) => false
+      case Primitive(_) => true
+      case Passthrough(_) => true // should be Rust primitive types
+      case TypeArg(i) => true // i(==) is asserted at the point of use by the verifier
+      case Object() => true
+    }
+
+    predicate DatatypeIsEq(c: Datatype) {
+      !c.isCo && forall ctor <- c.ctors, arg <- ctor.args :: TypeIsEq(arg.formal.typ)
+    }
+
+    method GenDatatype(c: Datatype) returns (s: seq<R.ModDecl>)
+      modifies this
+    {
+      var typeParamsSeq, rTypeParams, rTypeParamsDecls, whereConstraints := GenTypeParameters(c.typeParams);
+      var datatypeName := escapeName(c.name);
+      var ctors: seq<R.EnumCase> := [];
+      var variances := Std.Collections.Seq.Map((typeParamDecl: TypeArgDecl) => typeParamDecl.variance, c.typeParams);
+      var singletonConstructors := [];
+      var usedTypeParams: set<string> := {};
+      for i := 0 to |c.ctors| {
         var ctor := c.ctors[i];
-        var ctorArgs: seq<R.Formal> := [];
-        var j := 0;
-        while j < |ctor.args| {
-          var formal := ctor.args[j];
-          var formalType := GenType(formal.typ, false, false);
+        var ctorArgs: seq<R.Field> := [];
+        var isNumeric := false;
+        if |ctor.args| == 0 {
+          var instantiation := R.StructBuild(R.Identifier(datatypeName).FSel(escapeName(ctor.name)), []);
+          if IsRcWrapped(c.attributes) {
+            instantiation := R.RcNew(instantiation);
+          }
+          singletonConstructors := singletonConstructors + [
+            instantiation
+          ];
+        }
+        for j := 0 to |ctor.args| {
+          var dtor := ctor.args[j];
+          var formalType := GenType(dtor.formal.typ, GenTypeContext.default());
+          usedTypeParams := GatherTypeParamNames(usedTypeParams, formalType);
+          var formalName := escapeVar(dtor.formal.name);
+          if j == 0 && "0" == formalName {
+            isNumeric := true;
+          }
+          if j != 0 && isNumeric && Strings.OfNat(j) != formalName {
+            error := Some("Formal extern names were supposed to be numeric but got " + formalName + " instead of " + Strings.OfNat(j));
+            isNumeric := false;
+          }
           if c.isCo {
-            ctorArgs := ctorArgs + [R.Formal(escapeIdent(formal.name), R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::LazyFieldWrapper<" + formalType + ">"))];
+            ctorArgs := ctorArgs + [
+              R.Field(R.PRIV,
+                      R.Formal(formalName,
+                               R.TypeApp(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("LazyFieldWrapper").AsType(), [formalType])))];
           } else {
-            ctorArgs := ctorArgs + [R.Formal(escapeIdent(formal.name), R.RawType(formalType))];
+            ctorArgs := ctorArgs + [
+              R.Field(R.PRIV,
+                      R.Formal(formalName, formalType))];
           }
-          j := j + 1;
         }
-        ctors := ctors + [R.EnumCase(escapeIdent(ctor.name), R.NamedFormals(ctorArgs))];
-        i := i + 1;
+        var namedFields := R.NamedFields(ctorArgs);
+        if isNumeric {
+          namedFields := namedFields.ToNamelessFields();
+        }
+        ctors := ctors + [R.EnumCase(escapeName(ctor.name), namedFields)];
       }
+      var unusedTypeParams := (set tp <- rTypeParamsDecls :: tp.name) - usedTypeParams;
 
       var selfPath := [Ident.Ident(c.name)];
-      var implBodyRaw, traitBodies := GenClassImplBody(c.body, false, Type.Path([], [], ResolvedType.Datatype(selfPath)), typeParamsSet);
+      var implBodyRaw, traitBodies :=
+        GenClassImplBody(
+          c.body, false,
+          UserDefined(
+            ResolvedType(
+              selfPath,
+              typeParamsSeq,
+              ResolvedTypeBase.Datatype(variances),
+              c.attributes, [], [])),
+          typeParamsSeq);
       var implBody: seq<R.ImplMember> := implBodyRaw;
-      i := 0;
       var emittedFields: set<string> := {};
-      while i < |c.ctors| {
+      for i := 0 to |c.ctors| {
         // we know that across all ctors, each any fields with the same name have the same type
         // so we want to emit methods for each field that pull the appropriate value given
         // the current variant (and panic if we have a variant with no such field)
         var ctor := c.ctors[i];
-        var j := 0;
-        while j < |ctor.args| {
-          var formal := ctor.args[j];
-          if !(formal.name in emittedFields) {
-            emittedFields := emittedFields + {formal.name};
+        for j := 0 to |ctor.args| {
+          var dtor := ctor.args[j];
+          var callName := dtor.callName.GetOr(escapeVar(dtor.formal.name));
+          if !(callName in emittedFields) {
+            emittedFields := emittedFields + {callName};
 
-            var formalType := GenType(formal.typ, false, false);
+            var formalType := GenType(dtor.formal.typ, GenTypeContext.default());
             var cases: seq<R.MatchCase> := [];
-            var k := 0;
-            while k < |c.ctors| {
+            for k := 0 to |c.ctors| {
               var ctor2 := c.ctors[k];
 
-              var pattern := escapeIdent(c.name) + "::" + escapeIdent(ctor2.name) + " { ";
+              var pattern := datatypeName + "::" + escapeName(ctor2.name);
               var rhs: string;
-              var l := 0;
-              var hasMatchingField := false;
-              while l < |ctor2.args| {
-                var formal2 := ctor2.args[l];
-                if formal.name == formal2.name {
-                  hasMatchingField := true;
+              var hasMatchingField := None;
+              var patternInner := "";
+              var isNumeric := false;
+              for l := 0 to |ctor2.args| {
+                var dtor2 := ctor2.args[l];
+                var patternName := escapeVar(dtor2.formal.name);
+                if l == 0 && patternName == "0" {
+                  isNumeric := true;
                 }
-                pattern := pattern + escapeIdent(formal2.name) + ", ";
-                l := l + 1;
+                if isNumeric {
+                  patternName := dtor2.callName.GetOr("v" + Strings.OfNat(l));
+                }
+                if dtor.formal.name == dtor2.formal.name {
+                  // Note: here, we use escapeVar because the corresponding destructor uses a non-punned name
+                  hasMatchingField := Some(patternName);
+                }
+                patternInner := patternInner + patternName + ", ";
+              }
+              if isNumeric {
+                pattern := pattern + "(" + patternInner + ")";
+              } else {
+                pattern := pattern + "{" + patternInner + "}";
               }
 
-              pattern := pattern + "}";
-
-              if hasMatchingField {
+              if hasMatchingField.Some? {
                 if c.isCo {
-                  rhs := "::std::ops::Deref::deref(&" + escapeIdent(formal.name) + ".0)";
+                  rhs := "::std::ops::Deref::deref(&" + hasMatchingField.value + ".0)";
                 } else {
-                  rhs := escapeIdent(formal.name) + "";
+                  rhs := hasMatchingField.value + "";
                 }
               } else {
-                rhs := "panic!(\"field does not exist on this variant\")";
+                rhs := UnreachablePanicIfVerified("field does not exist on this variant");
               }
               var ctorMatch := R.MatchCase(R.RawPattern(pattern), R.RawExpr(rhs));
               cases := cases + [ctorMatch];
-              k := k + 1;
             }
 
-            if |c.typeParams| > 0 {
+            if |c.typeParams| > 0 && |unusedTypeParams| > 0 {
               cases := cases + [
-                R.MatchCase(R.RawPattern(escapeIdent(c.name) + "::_PhantomVariant(..)"), R.RawExpr("panic!()"))
+                R.MatchCase(R.RawPattern(datatypeName + "::_PhantomVariant(..)"), R.RawExpr(UnreachablePanicIfVerified("")))
               ];
             }
 
             var methodBody := R.Match(
-              R.RawExpr("self"),
+              R.self,
               cases
             );
 
@@ -859,86 +2557,160 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
               R.FnDecl(
                 R.PUB,
                 R.Fn(
-                  escapeIdent(formal.name),
-                  [], [R.Formal.self], Some(R.RawType("&" + formalType )),
+                  callName,
+                  [], [R.Formal.selfBorrowed], Some(R.Borrowed(formalType)),
                   "",
                   Some(methodBody)
                 ))];
           }
-          j := j + 1;
         }
-
-        i := i + 1;
       }
-
+      var coerceTypes: seq<R.Type> := [];
+      var rCoerceTypeParams: seq<R.TypeParamDecl> := [];
+      var coerceArguments: seq<R.Formal> := [];
+      var coerceMap: map<Type, Type> := map[];
+      var rCoerceMap: map<R.Type, R.Type> := map[];
+      var coerceMapToArg: map<(R.Type, R.Type), R.Expr> := map[];
       if |c.typeParams| > 0 {
-        var typeI := 0;
         var types: seq<R.Type> := [];
-        while typeI < |c.typeParams| {
-          var genTp := GenType(c.typeParams[typeI], false, false);
-          types := types + [R.RawType("::std::marker::PhantomData::<" + genTp + ">")];
-          typeI := typeI + 1;
+        for typeI := 0 to |c.typeParams| {
+          var typeParam := c.typeParams[typeI];
+          var typeArg, rTypeParamDecl := GenTypeParam(typeParam);
+          var rTypeArg := GenType(typeArg, GenTypeContext.default());
+          types := types + [R.TypeApp(R.std.MSel("marker").MSel("PhantomData").AsType(), [rTypeArg])];
+          // Coercion arguments
+          if typeI < |variances| && variances[typeI].Nonvariant? {
+            coerceTypes := coerceTypes + [rTypeArg];
+            continue; // We ignore nonvariant arguments
+          }
+          var coerceTypeParam := typeParam.(name := Ident.Ident(Name("_T" + Strings.OfNat(typeI))));
+          var coerceTypeArg, rCoerceTypeParamDecl := GenTypeParam(coerceTypeParam);
+          coerceMap := coerceMap + map[typeArg := coerceTypeArg];
+          var rCoerceType := GenType(coerceTypeArg, GenTypeContext.default());
+          rCoerceMap := rCoerceMap + map[rTypeArg := rCoerceType];
+          coerceTypes := coerceTypes + [rCoerceType];
+          rCoerceTypeParams := rCoerceTypeParams + [rCoerceTypeParamDecl];
+          var coerceFormal := "f_" + Strings.OfNat(typeI);
+          coerceMapToArg := coerceMapToArg + map[
+            (rTypeArg, rCoerceType) := R.Identifier(coerceFormal).Clone()
+          ];
+          coerceArguments := coerceArguments + [
+            R.Formal(
+              coerceFormal,
+              R.Rc(R.IntersectionType(R.ImplType(R.FnType([rTypeArg], rCoerceType)), R.StaticTrait)))
+          ];
+        }
+        if |unusedTypeParams| > 0 {
+          ctors := ctors + [
+            R.EnumCase(
+              "_PhantomVariant",
+              R.NamelessFields(
+                Std.Collections.Seq.Map(
+                  tpe => R.NamelessField(R.PRIV, tpe), types))
+            )];
         }
-        ctors := ctors + [R.EnumCase("_PhantomVariant",
-                                     R.NamelessFormals(types)
-                          )];
       }
 
-      var enumBody :=
+      var cIsEq := DatatypeIsEq(c);
+
+      // Derive PartialEq when c supports equality / derive Clone in all cases
+      s :=
         [R.EnumDecl(
-           R.Enum([R.RawAttribute("#[derive(PartialEq)]")],
-                  escapeIdent(c.name),
-                  sTypeParams,
-                  ctors
+           R.Enum(
+             if cIsEq then
+               [R.RawAttribute("#[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]")]
+             else
+               [R.RawAttribute("#[derive(Clone)]")],
+             datatypeName,
+             rTypeParamsDecls,
+             ctors
            )),
          R.ImplDecl(
            R.Impl(
-             sConstrainedTypeParams,
-             R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
+             rTypeParamsDecls,
+             R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), rTypeParams),
              whereConstraints,
              implBody
            ))];
 
-      var identEraseImpls :=
-        [R.ImplDecl(
-           R.ImplFor(
-             sConstrainedTypeParams,
-             R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable"),
-             R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-             "",
-             [R.RawImplMember("type Erased = " + escapeIdent(c.name) + erasedParams + ";")]
-           )),
-         R.ImplDecl(
-           R.ImplFor(
-             sConstrainedEraseParams,
-             R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<" + escapeIdent(c.name) + unerasedParams + ">"),
-             R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
-             "", []))];
-
-      i := 0;
       var printImplBodyCases: seq<R.MatchCase> := [];
-      while i < |c.ctors| {
+      var hashImplBodyCases: seq<R.MatchCase> := [];
+      var coerceImplBodyCases: seq<R.MatchCase> := [];
+
+      for i := 0 to |c.ctors| {
         var ctor := c.ctors[i];
-        var ctorMatch := escapeIdent(ctor.name) + " { ";
+        var ctorMatch := escapeName(ctor.name);
 
-        var modulePrefix := if c.enclosingModule.id == "_module" then "" else c.enclosingModule.id + ".";
+        var modulePrefix := if c.enclosingModule.id.dafny_name == "_module" then "" else c.enclosingModule.id.dafny_name + ".";
+        var ctorName := modulePrefix + c.name.dafny_name + "." + ctor.name.dafny_name;
+        if |ctorName| >= 13 && ctorName[0..13] == "_System.Tuple" {
+          ctorName := "";
+        }
         var printRhs :=
-          R.RawExpr("write!(_formatter, \"" + modulePrefix + c.name + "." + escapeIdent(ctor.name) + (if ctor.hasAnyArgs then "(\")?" else "\")?"));
+          R.RawExpr("write!(_formatter, \"" + ctorName + (if ctor.hasAnyArgs then "(\")?" else "\")?"));
+        var hashRhs := R.RawExpr("");
+        var coerceRhsArgs := [];
+
+        var isNumeric := false;
+        var ctorMatchInner := "";
+        for j := 0 to |ctor.args| {
+          var dtor := ctor.args[j];
+          var patternName := escapeVar(dtor.formal.name);
+          var formalType := dtor.formal.typ;
+          if j == 0 && patternName == "0" {
+            isNumeric := true;
+          }
+          if isNumeric {
+            patternName := dtor.callName.GetOr("v" + Strings.OfNat(j));
+          }
+          hashRhs :=
+            if formalType.Arrow? then
+              hashRhs.Then(R.LiteralInt("0").Sel("hash").Apply1(R.Identifier("_state")))
+            else
+              hashRhs.Then(R.std.MSel("hash").MSel("Hash").MSel("hash").AsExpr().Apply([R.Identifier(patternName), R.Identifier("_state")]));
 
-        var j := 0;
-        while j < |ctor.args| {
-          var formal := ctor.args[j];
-          ctorMatch := ctorMatch + escapeIdent(formal.name) + ", ";
+          ctorMatchInner := ctorMatchInner + patternName + ", ";
 
           if (j > 0) {
             printRhs := printRhs.Then(R.RawExpr("write!(_formatter, \", \")?"));
           }
-          printRhs := printRhs.Then(R.RawExpr("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(" + escapeIdent(formal.name) + ", _formatter, false)?"));
 
-          j := j + 1;
+          printRhs := printRhs.Then(
+            R.RawExpr(
+              if formalType.Arrow? then
+                "write!(_formatter, \"<function>\")?"
+              else
+                "::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(" + patternName + ", _formatter, false)?"
+            ));
+
+          var coerceRhsArg: R.Expr;
+
+          //var formalTpe := GenType(formalType, GenTypeContext.default());
+          //var newFormalType :=
+          var formalTpe := GenType(formalType, GenTypeContext.default());
+
+          var newFormalType := formalType.Replace(coerceMap);
+          var newFormalTpe := formalTpe.ReplaceMap(rCoerceMap);
+
+          var upcastConverter := UpcastConversionLambda(formalType, formalTpe, newFormalType, newFormalTpe, coerceMapToArg);
+          if upcastConverter.Success? {
+            var coercionFunction := upcastConverter.value;
+            coerceRhsArg := coercionFunction.Apply1(R.Identifier(patternName));
+          } else {
+            error := Some("Could not generate coercion function for contructor " + Strings.OfNat(j) + " of " + datatypeName);
+            coerceRhsArg := R.Identifier("todo!").Apply1(R.LiteralString(error.value, false, false));
+          }
+
+          coerceRhsArgs := coerceRhsArgs + [R.AssignIdentifier(patternName, coerceRhsArg)];
         }
+        var coerceRhs := R.StructBuild(R.Identifier(datatypeName).FSel(escapeName(ctor.name)),
+                                       coerceRhsArgs);
 
-        ctorMatch := ctorMatch + "}";
+        if isNumeric {
+          ctorMatch := ctorMatch + "(" + ctorMatchInner + ")";
+        } else {
+          ctorMatch := ctorMatch + "{" + ctorMatchInner + "}";
+        }
 
         if (ctor.hasAnyArgs) {
           printRhs := printRhs.Then(R.RawExpr("write!(_formatter, \")\")?"));
@@ -947,220 +2719,440 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
         printRhs := printRhs.Then(R.RawExpr("Ok(())"));
 
         printImplBodyCases := printImplBodyCases + [
-          R.MatchCase(R.RawPattern(escapeIdent(c.name) + "::" + ctorMatch),
+          R.MatchCase(R.RawPattern(datatypeName + "::" + ctorMatch),
                       R.Block(printRhs))
         ];
-        i := i + 1;
+        hashImplBodyCases := hashImplBodyCases + [
+          R.MatchCase(R.RawPattern(datatypeName + "::" + ctorMatch),
+                      R.Block(hashRhs))
+        ];
+        coerceImplBodyCases := coerceImplBodyCases + [
+          R.MatchCase(R.RawPattern(datatypeName + "::" + ctorMatch),
+                      R.Block(coerceRhs))
+        ];
       }
 
-      if |c.typeParams| > 0 {
-        printImplBodyCases := printImplBodyCases + [
-          R.MatchCase(R.RawPattern(escapeIdent(c.name) + "::_PhantomVariant(..)"), R.RawExpr("{panic!()}"))
+      if |c.typeParams| > 0 && |unusedTypeParams| > 0 {
+        var extraCases := [
+          R.MatchCase(R.RawPattern(datatypeName + "::_PhantomVariant(..)"), R.RawExpr("{"+UnreachablePanicIfVerified()+"}"))
         ];
+        printImplBodyCases := printImplBodyCases + extraCases;
+        hashImplBodyCases := hashImplBodyCases + extraCases;
+        coerceImplBodyCases := coerceImplBodyCases + extraCases;
       }
+      var defaultConstrainedTypeParams := R.TypeParamDecl.AddConstraintsMultiple(
+        rTypeParamsDecls, [R.DefaultTrait]
+      );
+      var rTypeParamsDeclsWithEq := R.TypeParamDecl.AddConstraintsMultiple(
+        rTypeParamsDecls, [R.Eq]
+      );
+      var rTypeParamsDeclsWithHash := R.TypeParamDecl.AddConstraintsMultiple(
+        rTypeParamsDecls, [R.Hash]
+      );
       var printImplBody := R.Match(
-        R.RawExpr("self"),
+        R.self,
         printImplBodyCases);
-      var printImpl := [
+      var hashImplBody := R.Match(
+        R.self,
+        hashImplBodyCases
+      );
+
+      // Implementation of Debug and Print traits
+      s := s + [
+        R.ImplDecl(
+          R.ImplFor(
+            rTypeParamsDecls,
+            R.std.MSel("fmt").MSel("Debug").AsType(),
+            R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), rTypeParams),
+            "",
+            [
+              R.FnDecl(
+                R.PRIV,
+                R.Fn(
+                  "fmt", [],
+                  [R.Formal.selfBorrowed,
+                   R.Formal("f", R.BorrowedMut(R.std.MSel("fmt").MSel("Formatter").AsType()))],
+                  Some(R.std.MSel("fmt").MSel("Result").AsType()),
+                  "",
+                  Some(R.dafny_runtime
+                       .MSel("DafnyPrint")
+                       .MSel("fmt_print")
+                       .AsExpr()
+                       .Apply(
+                         [ R.self,
+                           R.Identifier("f"),
+                           R.LiteralBool(true)
+                         ])))
+              )
+            ]
+          )),
         R.ImplDecl(
           R.ImplFor(
-            sConstrainedTypeParams,
-            R.RawType("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint"),
-            R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
+            rTypeParamsDecls,
+            R.DafnyPrint,
+            R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), rTypeParams),
             "",
             [R.FnDecl(
                R.PRIV,
                R.Fn(
                  "fmt_print", [],
-                 [R.Formal.self, R.Formal("_formatter", R.RawType("&mut ::std::fmt::Formatter")), R.Formal("_in_seq", R.RawType("bool"))],
+                 [R.Formal.selfBorrowed,
+                  R.Formal("_formatter", R.BorrowedMut(R.std.MSel("fmt").MSel("Formatter").AsType())),
+                  R.Formal("_in_seq", R.Type.Bool)],
                  Some(R.RawType("std::fmt::Result")),
                  "",
                  Some(printImplBody)))]
-          ))];
+          ))
+      ];
+      if |rCoerceTypeParams| > 0 {
+        var coerceImplBody := R.Match(
+          R.Identifier("this"),
+          coerceImplBodyCases);
+        s := s + [
+          R.ImplDecl(
+            R.Impl(
+              rTypeParamsDecls,
+              R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), rTypeParams),
+              "",
+              [R.FnDecl(
+                 R.PUB,
+                 R.Fn(
+                   "coerce", rCoerceTypeParams,
+                   coerceArguments,
+                   Some(
+                     R.Rc(
+                       R.ImplType(
+                         R.FnType(
+                           [R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), rTypeParams)],
+                           R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), coerceTypes))))),
+                   "",
+                   Some(
+                     R.RcNew(R.Lambda([R.Formal("this", R.SelfOwned)],
+                                      Some(R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), coerceTypes)),
+                                      coerceImplBody)))))]
+            ))
+        ];
+      }
+
+      if |singletonConstructors| == |c.ctors| {
+        var datatypeType := R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), rTypeParams);
+        var instantiationType :=
+          if IsRcWrapped(c.attributes) then
+            R.Rc(datatypeType)
+          else
+            datatypeType;
+        s := s + [
+          R.ImplDecl(
+            R.Impl(
+              rTypeParamsDecls,
+              datatypeType,
+              "",
+              [R.FnDecl(
+                 R.PUB,
+                 R.Fn(
+                   "_AllSingletonConstructors", [],
+                   [],
+                   Some(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("SequenceIter").AsType().Apply([instantiationType])),
+                   "",
+                   Some(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("seq!").AsExpr().Apply(singletonConstructors).Sel("iter").Apply([]))
+                 )
+               )]))];
+      }
+
+      // Implementation of Eq when c supports equality
+      if cIsEq {
+        s := s + [R.ImplDecl(
+                    R.ImplFor(
+                      rTypeParamsDeclsWithEq,
+                      R.Eq,
+                      R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), rTypeParams),
+                      "",
+                      []
+                    )
+                  )];
+      }
+
+      // Implementation of Hash trait
+      s := s + [R.ImplDecl(
+                  R.ImplFor(
+                    rTypeParamsDeclsWithHash,
+                    R.Hash,
+                    R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), rTypeParams),
+                    "",
+                    [R.FnDecl(
+                       R.PRIV,
+                       R.Fn(
+                         "hash", [R.TypeParamDecl("_H", [R.std.MSel("hash").MSel("Hasher").AsType()])],
+                         [R.Formal.selfBorrowed,
+                          R.Formal("_state", R.BorrowedMut(R.TIdentifier("_H")))],
+                         None,
+                         "",
+                         Some(hashImplBody)))]
+                  )
+                )];
 
-      var defaultImpl := [];
       if |c.ctors| > 0 {
-        i := 0;
-        var structName := escapeIdent(c.name) + "::" + escapeIdent(c.ctors[0].name);
+        var structName := R.Identifier(datatypeName).FSel(escapeName(c.ctors[0].name));
         var structAssignments: seq<R.AssignIdentifier> := [];
-        while i < |c.ctors[0].args| {
-          var formal := c.ctors[0].args[i];
+        for i := 0 to |c.ctors[0].args| {
+          var dtor := c.ctors[0].args[i];
           structAssignments := structAssignments + [
-            R.AssignIdentifier(escapeIdent(formal.name), R.RawExpr("::std::default::Default::default()"))
+            R.AssignIdentifier(escapeVar(dtor.formal.name), R.RawExpr("::std::default::Default::default()"))
           ];
-          i := i + 1;
         }
-        defaultImpl := [
+        var defaultConstrainedTypeParams := R.TypeParamDecl.AddConstraintsMultiple(
+          rTypeParamsDecls, [R.DefaultTrait]
+        );
+        var fullType := R.TypeApp(R.TIdentifier(datatypeName), rTypeParams);
+
+        // Implementation of Default trait when c supports equality
+        if cIsEq {
+          s := s +
+          [R.ImplDecl(
+             R.ImplFor(
+               defaultConstrainedTypeParams,
+               R.DefaultTrait,
+               fullType,
+               "",
+               [R.FnDecl(
+                  R.PRIV,
+                  R.Fn(
+                    "default", [], [], Some(fullType),
+                    "",
+                    Some(
+                      R.StructBuild(
+                        structName,
+                        structAssignments
+                      )))
+                )]
+             ))];
+        }
+
+        // Implementation of AsRef trait
+        s := s + [
           R.ImplDecl(
             R.ImplFor(
-              sConstrainedTypeParams,
-              R.RawType("::std::default::Default"),
-              R.RawType(escapeIdent(c.name) + typeParams),
+              rTypeParamsDecls,
+              R.std.MSel("convert").MSel("AsRef").AsType().Apply1(fullType),
+              R.Borrowed(fullType),
               "",
               [R.FnDecl(
                  R.PRIV,
-                 R.Fn("default", [], [], Some(R.SelfOwned),
+                 R.Fn("as_ref", [], [R.Formal.selfBorrowed], Some(R.SelfOwned),
                       "",
-                      Some(R.StructBuild(
-                             structName,
-                             structAssignments
-                           )))
+                      Some(R.self))
                )]
             ))];
       }
-
-      s := enumBody + identEraseImpls + printImpl + defaultImpl;
     }
 
-    static method GenPath(p: seq<Ident>) returns (s: string) {
+    method GenPath(p: seq<Ident>, escape: bool := true) returns (r: R.Path) {
       if |p| == 0 {
-        // TODO(shadaj): this special casing is not great
-        return "Self";
+        return R.Self();
       } else {
-        s := "super::";
-        var i := 0;
-        while i < |p| {
-          if i > 0 {
-            s := s + "::";
+        r :=
+          if p[0].id.dafny_name == "std" then
+            R.Global()
+          else if p[0].id.dafny_name == "_System" then
+            R.dafny_runtime
+          else
+            thisFile;
+        for i := 0 to |p| {
+          var name := p[i].id;
+          if escape {
+            var (modules, finalName) := DafnyNameToContainingPathAndName(name);
+            for j := 0 to |modules| {
+              r := r.MSel(escapeName(modules[j].id));
+            }
+            r := r.MSel(escapeName(finalName));
+          } else {
+            // TODO: Try removing this else branch and the escape test.
+            r := r.MSel(ReplaceDotByDoubleColon(name.dafny_name));
           }
-
-          s := s + escapeIdent(p[i].id);
-
-          i := i + 1;
         }
       }
     }
 
-    static method GenTypeArgs(args: seq<Type>, inBinding: bool, inFn: bool) returns (s: string) {
-      s := "";
-      if |args| > 0 {
-        s := s + "<";
-        var i := 0;
-        while i < |args| {
-          if i > 0 {
-            s := s + ", ";
-          }
+    method GenPathType(p: seq<Ident>) returns (t: R.Type) {
+      var p := GenPath(p, true);
+      t := p.AsType();
+    }
 
-          var genTp := GenType(args[i], inBinding, inFn);
-          s := s + genTp;
-          i := i + 1;
-        }
-        s := s + ">";
+    method GenPathExpr(p: seq<Ident>, escape: bool := true) returns (e: R.Expr) {
+      if |p| == 0 {
+        return R.self;
       }
+      var p := GenPath(p, escape);
+      e := p.AsExpr();
     }
 
-    static method GenType(c: Type, inBinding: bool, inFn: bool) returns (s: string) {
-      match c {
-        case Path(p, args, resolved) =>
-          s := GenPath(p);
-
-          var typeArgs := GenTypeArgs(args, inBinding, inFn);
-          s := s + typeArgs;
-
-          match resolved {
-            case Datatype(_) =>
-              s := "::std::rc::Rc<" + s + ">";
-            case Trait(_) =>
-              if p == [Ident.Ident("_System"), Ident.Ident("object")] {
-                s := "::std::rc::Rc<dyn ::std::any::Any>";
-              } else {
-                if inBinding {
-                  // impl trait in bindings is not stable
-                  s := "_";
-                } else {
-                  s := "impl " + s + "";
-                }
-              }
-            case Primitive =>
-          }
-
-        case Nullable(inner) =>
-          var innerStr := GenType(inner, inBinding, inFn);
-          s := "::std::option::Option<" + innerStr + ">";
-
-        case Tuple(types) =>
-          s := "(";
-          for i := 0 to |types| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              s := s + " ";
-            }
-
-            var generated := GenType(types[i], inBinding, inFn);
-            s := s + generated + ",";
-          }
-          s := s + ")";
+    method GenTypeArgs(args: seq<Type>, genTypeContext: GenTypeContext) returns (s: seq<R.Type>) {
+      s := [];
+      for i := 0 to |args| {
+        var genTp := GenType(args[i], genTypeContext);
+        s := s + [genTp];
+      }
+    }
 
-        case Array(element, dims) =>
-          var elemStr := GenType(element, inBinding, inFn);
-          s := elemStr;
-          for i := 0 to dims {
-            s := "::std::rc::Rc<::std::cell::RefCell<::std::vec::Vec<" + s + ">>>";
-          }
+    predicate IsRcWrapped(attributes: seq<Attribute>) {
+      (Attribute("auto-nongrowing-size", []) !in attributes &&
+       Attribute("rust_rc", ["false"]) !in attributes) ||
+      Attribute("rust_rc", ["true"]) in attributes
+    }
 
-        case Seq(element) =>
-          var elemStr := GenType(element, inBinding, inFn);
-          s := "::std::vec::Vec<" + elemStr + ">";
+    /** The type context is useful in the case when we need to generate a type
+        in a position that requires a variant of the given type.
 
-        case Set(element) =>
-          var elemStr := GenType(element, inBinding, inFn);
-          s := "::std::collections::HashSet<" + elemStr + ">";
+        For now, it makes it possible to ensure that:
+        GenType(UserDefined(ResolveType(["U"], Trait()), ForTrait()) == U
 
-        case Multiset(element) =>
-          var elemStr := GenType(element, inBinding, inFn);
-          s := "::std::collections::HashMap<" + elemStr + ", u64>";
+        but
 
-        case Map(key, value) =>
-          var keyStr := GenType(key, inBinding, inFn);
-          var valueStr := GenType(value, inBinding, inFn);
-          s := "::std::collections::HashMap<" + keyStr + ", " + valueStr + ">";
+        GenType(UserDefined(ResolveType(["U"], Trait()), default()) == Object<dyn U>
+     
+        so that we can generate U instead of Object<dyn U> in the following context:
 
-        case Arrow(args, result) =>
-          // we cannot use impl until Rc<Fn> impls Fn
-          // if inFn || inBinding {
-          s := "::dafny_runtime::FunctionWrapper<::std::rc::Rc<dyn ::std::ops::Fn(";
-          // } else {
-          //   s := "::dafny_runtime::FunctionWrapper<impl ::std::ops::Fn(";
-          // }
+        trait U: Any {}
+        trait T: Any + U {}
 
-          for i := 0 to |args| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              s := s + ", ";
+        The last U is obtained with GenType() with GenTypeContext(forTraitParents := true)
+        Otherwise, we would have had Object<dyn U>, which is not a trait type.
+     */
+    method GenType(c: Type, genTypeContext: GenTypeContext) returns (s: R.Type) {
+      match c {
+        case UserDefined(resolved) => {
+          var t := GenPathType(resolved.path);
+          var typeArgs := GenTypeArgs(resolved.typeArgs, genTypeContext.(forTraitParents := false));
+          s := R.TypeApp(t, typeArgs);
+
+          match resolved.kind {
+            case Class() => {
+              s := Object(s);
+            }
+            case Datatype(_) => {
+              if IsRcWrapped(resolved.attributes) {
+                s := R.Rc(s);
+              }
+            }
+            case Trait() => {
+              if resolved.path == [Ident.Ident(Name("_System")), Ident.Ident(Name("object"))] {
+                s := R.AnyTrait;
+              }
+              if !genTypeContext.forTraitParents {
+                s := Object(R.DynType(s));
+              }
+            }
+            case Newtype(base, range, erased) => {
+              if erased {
+                match NewtypeRangeToRustType(range) {
+                  case Some(v) =>
+                    s := v;
+                  case None =>
+                    var underlying := GenType(base, GenTypeContext.default());
+                    s := R.TSynonym(s, underlying);
+                }
+              }
             }
-
-            var generated := GenType(args[i], inBinding, true);
-            s := s + "&" + generated;
           }
+        }
+        case Object() => {
+          s := R.AnyTrait;
+          if !genTypeContext.forTraitParents {
+            s := Object(R.DynType(s));
+          }
+        }
+        case Tuple(types) => {
+          var args := [];
+          var i := 0;
+          while i < |types| {
+            var generated := GenType(types[i], genTypeContext.(forTraitParents := false));
+            args := args + [generated];
+            i := i + 1;
+          }
+          s := if |types| <= R.MAX_TUPLE_SIZE then R.TupleType(args) else R.SystemTupleType(args);
+        }
+        case Array(element, dims) => {
+          if dims > 16 {
+            s := R.RawType("<i>Array of dimensions greater than 16</i>");
+          } else {
+            var elem := GenType(element, genTypeContext.(forTraitParents := false));
+            if dims == 1 {
+              s := R.Array(elem, None);
+              s := Object(s);
+            } else {
+              var n := "Array" + Strings.OfNat(dims);
+              s := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(n).AsType().Apply([elem]);
+              s := Object(s);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        case Seq(element) => {
+          var elem := GenType(element, genTypeContext.(forTraitParents := false));
+          s := R.TypeApp(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("Sequence").AsType(), [elem]);
+        }
+        case Set(element) => {
+          var elem := GenType(element, genTypeContext.(forTraitParents := false));
+          s := R.TypeApp(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("Set").AsType(), [elem]);
+        }
+        case Multiset(element) => {
+          var elem := GenType(element, genTypeContext.(forTraitParents := false));
+          s := R.TypeApp(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("Multiset").AsType(), [elem]);
+        }
+        case Map(key, value) => {
+          var keyType := GenType(key, genTypeContext.(forTraitParents := false));
+          var valueType := GenType(value, genTypeContext);
+          s := R.TypeApp(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("Map").AsType(), [keyType, valueType]);
+        }
+        case MapBuilder(key, value) => {
+          var keyType := GenType(key, genTypeContext.(forTraitParents := false));
+          var valueType := GenType(value, genTypeContext);
+          s := R.TypeApp(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("MapBuilder").AsType(), [keyType, valueType]);
+        }
+        case SetBuilder(elem) => {
+          var elemType := GenType(elem, genTypeContext.(forTraitParents := false));
+          s := R.TypeApp(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("SetBuilder").AsType(), [elemType]);
+        }
+        case Arrow(args, result) => {
+          var argTypes := [];
+          var i := 0;
+          while i < |args| {
 
-          var resultType := GenType(result, inBinding, inFn || inBinding);
-
-          // if inFn || inBinding {
-          s := s + ") -> " + resultType + " + 'static>>";
-        // } else {
-        //   s := s + ") -> " + resultType + " + Clone + 'static>";
-        // }
+            var generated := GenType(args[i], genTypeContext.(forTraitParents := false));
+            argTypes := argTypes + [R.Borrowed(generated)];
+            i := i + 1;
+          }
 
-        case TypeArg(Ident(name)) => s := escapeIdent(name);
-        case Primitive(p) =>
+          var resultType := GenType(result, GenTypeContext.default());
+          s :=
+            R.Rc(R.DynType(R.FnType(argTypes, resultType)));
+        }
+        case TypeArg(Ident(name)) => s := R.TIdentifier(escapeName(name));
+        case Primitive(p) => {
           match p {
-            case Int => s := "::dafny_runtime::BigInt";
-            case Real => s := "::dafny_runtime::BigRational";
-            case String => s := "Vec<char>";
-            case Bool => s := "bool";
-            case Char => s := "char";
+            case Int => s := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("DafnyInt").AsType();
+            case Real => s := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("BigRational").AsType();
+            case String => s := R.TypeApp(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("Sequence").AsType(),
+                                          [R.dafny_runtime.MSel(DafnyChar).AsType()]);
+            case Bool => s := R.Type.Bool;
+            case Char => s := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(DafnyChar).AsType();
           }
-
-        case Passthrough(v) => s := v;
+        }
+        case Passthrough(v) => s := R.RawType(v);
       }
     }
 
-    static method GenClassImplBody(body: seq<ClassItem>, forTrait: bool, enclosingType: Type, enclosingTypeParams: set<Type>)
+    predicate EnclosingIsTrait(tpe: Type) {
+      tpe.UserDefined? && tpe.resolved.kind.Trait?
+    }
+
+    method GenClassImplBody(body: seq<ClassItem>, forTrait: bool, enclosingType: Type, enclosingTypeParams: seq<Type>)
       returns (s: seq<R.ImplMember>, traitBodies: map<seq<Ident>, seq<R.ImplMember>>)
+      modifies this
     {
       s := [];
       traitBodies := map[];
 
-      var i := 0;
-      while i < |body| {
+      for i := 0 to |body| {
         match body[i] {
           case Method(m) => {
             match m.overridingPath {
@@ -1169,6 +3161,9 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
                 if p in traitBodies {
                   existing := traitBodies[p];
                 }
+                if |m.typeParams| > 0 && EnclosingIsTrait(enclosingType) {
+                  error := Some("Error: Rust does not support method with generic type parameters in traits");
+                }
 
                 var genMethod := GenMethod(m, true, enclosingType, enclosingTypeParams);
                 existing := existing + [genMethod];
@@ -1182,121 +3177,164 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
             }
           }
         }
-        i := i + 1;
       }
     }
 
-    static method GenParams(params: seq<Formal>) returns (s: seq<R.Formal>) {
+    // Transform DAST formals to Rust formals
+    method GenParams(params: seq<Formal>, forLambda: bool := false) returns (s: seq<R.Formal>)
+      ensures |s| == |params|
+    {
       s := [];
-      var i := 0;
-      while i < |params| {
+      for i := 0 to |params| invariant |s| == i && i <= |params| {
         var param := params[i];
-        var paramType := GenType(param.typ, false, false);
-        s := s + [R.Formal(escapeIdent(param.name), R.RawType(" &" + paramType))];
-        i := i + 1;
+        var paramType := GenType(param.typ, GenTypeContext.default());
+        if (!paramType.CanReadWithoutClone() || forLambda) && AttributeOwned !in param.attributes {
+          paramType := R.Borrowed(paramType);
+        }
+        s := s + [R.Formal(escapeVar(param.name), paramType)];
       }
     }
 
-    static method GenMethod(m: Method, forTrait: bool, enclosingType: Type, enclosingTypeParams: set<Type>) returns (s: R.ImplMember) {
+    method GenMethod(m: Method, forTrait: bool, enclosingType: Type, enclosingTypeParams: seq<Type>) returns (s: R.ImplMember)
+      modifies this
+    {
       var params: seq<R.Formal> := GenParams(m.params);
       var paramNames := [];
-      var paramI := 0;
-      while paramI < |m.params| {
-        paramNames := paramNames + [m.params[paramI].name];
-        paramI := paramI + 1;
+      var paramTypes := map[];
+      for paramI := 0 to |m.params| {
+        var dafny_formal := m.params[paramI];
+        var formal := params[paramI];
+        var name := formal.name;
+        paramNames := paramNames + [name];
+        paramTypes := paramTypes[name := formal.tpe];
       }
+      var fnName := escapeName(m.name);
+
+      var selfIdent := NoSelf;
 
       if (!m.isStatic) {
+        var selfId := "self";
+        if m.outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign {
+          // Constructors take a raw pointer, which is not accepted as a self type in Rust
+          selfId := "this";
+        }
+        var instanceType := match enclosingType {
+          case UserDefined(r) =>
+            UserDefined(r.(typeArgs := enclosingTypeParams))
+          case _ => enclosingType
+        };
         if (forTrait) {
-          params := [R.Formal.self] + params;
+          // Mutability is required when not using raw pointers, even for functione, because
+          // --release optimisations sometimes removes the code to increment the reference counting on upcasting
+          var selfFormal := if m.wasFunction && pointerType.Raw? then R.Formal.selfBorrowed else R.Formal.selfBorrowedMut;
+          params := [selfFormal] + params;
         } else {
-          var enclosingTypeString := GenType(enclosingType, false, false);
-          params := [R.Formal("self", R.RawType("&" + enclosingTypeString))] + params;
+          var tpe := GenType(instanceType, GenTypeContext.default());
+          if selfId == "this" {
+            if pointerType.RcMut? {
+              tpe := R.Borrowed(tpe);
+            }
+            // For raw pointers, no borrowing is necessary, because it implements the Copy type
+          } else if selfId == "self" {
+            if tpe.IsObjectOrPointer() { // For classes and traits
+              if m.wasFunction && pointerType.Raw? {
+                tpe := R.SelfBorrowed;
+              } else {
+                tpe := R.SelfBorrowedMut;
+              }
+            } else { // For Rc-defined datatypes
+              if enclosingType.UserDefined? && enclosingType.resolved.kind.Datatype?
+                 && IsRcWrapped(enclosingType.resolved.attributes) {
+                tpe := R.Borrowed(R.Rc(R.SelfOwned));
+              } else { // For raw-defined datatypes, newtypes
+                tpe := R.Borrowed(R.SelfOwned);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          params := [R.Formal(selfId, tpe)] + params;
         }
+        selfIdent := ThisTyped(selfId, instanceType);
       }
 
-      var retType := if |m.outTypes| != 1 then "(" else "";
+      // TODO: Use mut instead of a tuple for the API of multiple output parameters
+      var retTypeArgs := [];
+      //var retType := if |m.outTypes| != 1 then "(" else "";
 
       var typeI := 0;
       while typeI < |m.outTypes| {
-        if typeI > 0 {
-          retType := retType + ", ";
-        }
-
-        var typeString := GenType(m.outTypes[typeI], false, false);
-        retType := retType + typeString;
+        var typeExpr := GenType(m.outTypes[typeI], GenTypeContext.default());
+        retTypeArgs := retTypeArgs + [typeExpr];
 
         typeI := typeI + 1;
       }
 
-      if |m.outTypes| != 1 {
-        retType := retType + ")";
-      }
-
-      var visibility := R.PUB;//if forTrait then R.PUB else R.PRIV;
-      var fnName := escapeIdent(m.name);
+      var visibility := if forTrait then R.PRIV else R.PUB;
 
       var typeParamsFiltered := [];
-      var typeParamI := 0;
-      while typeParamI < |m.typeParams| {
+      for typeParamI := 0 to |m.typeParams| {
         var typeParam := m.typeParams[typeParamI];
-        if !(typeParam in enclosingTypeParams) {
+        if !(TypeArg(typeParam.name) in enclosingTypeParams) {
           typeParamsFiltered := typeParamsFiltered + [typeParam];
         }
-
-        typeParamI := typeParamI + 1;
       }
 
-      var whereClauses := "";
-
-      var typeParams: seq<R.TypeParam> := [];
+      var typeParams: seq<R.TypeParamDecl> := [];
 
       if (|typeParamsFiltered| > 0) {
-        whereClauses := whereClauses + " where ";
-
-        var i := 0;
-        while i < |typeParamsFiltered| {
-          if i > 0 {
-            whereClauses := whereClauses + ", ";
-          }
-
-          var typeString := GenType(typeParamsFiltered[i], false, false);
-          typeParams := typeParams + [
-            R.RawTypeParam(typeString + ": ::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable + ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<" + typeString + "> + Clone + ::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint + ::std::default::Default + 'static")
-          ];
-          whereClauses := whereClauses + "<" + typeString + " as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable>::Erased: ::std::cmp::PartialEq";
-
-          i := i + 1;
+        for i := 0 to |typeParamsFiltered| {
+          var typeArg, rTypeParamDecl := GenTypeParam(typeParamsFiltered[i]);
+          rTypeParamDecl := rTypeParamDecl.(constraints := rTypeParamDecl.constraints);
+          typeParams := typeParams + [rTypeParamDecl];
         }
       }
 
       var fBody: Option<R.Expr>;
+      var env: Environment;
+      var preBody := R.RawExpr("");
+      var preAssignNames: seq<string> := [];
+      var preAssignTypes: map<string, R.Type> := map[];
 
       if m.hasBody {
-        var earlyReturn := "return;";
+        var earlyReturn: Option<seq<string>> := None;
         match m.outVars {
           case Some(outVars) => {
-            earlyReturn := "return (";
-            var outI := 0;
-            while outI < |outVars| {
-              if outI > 0 {
-                earlyReturn := earlyReturn + ", ";
+            if m.outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign {
+              earlyReturn := Some([]);
+              for outI := 0 to |outVars| {
+                var outVar := outVars[outI];
+                var outName := escapeVar(outVar);
+                var tracker_name := AddAssignedPrefix(outName);
+                preAssignNames := preAssignNames + [tracker_name];
+                preAssignTypes := preAssignTypes[tracker_name := R.Type.Bool];
+
+                preBody := preBody.Then(R.DeclareVar(R.MUT, tracker_name, Some(R.Type.Bool), Some(R.LiteralBool(false))));
               }
+            } else {
+              var tupleArgs := [];
+              assume {:axiom} |m.outTypes| == |outVars|;
 
-              var outVar := outVars[outI];
-              earlyReturn := earlyReturn + escapeIdent(outVar.id);
+              for outI := 0 to |outVars| {
+                var outVar := outVars[outI];
+                var outType := GenType(m.outTypes[outI], GenTypeContext.default());
+                var outName := escapeVar(outVar);
+                paramNames := paramNames + [outName];
+                var outMaybeType := if outType.CanReadWithoutClone() then outType else R.MaybePlaceboType(outType);
+                paramTypes := paramTypes[outName := outMaybeType];
 
-              outI := outI + 1;
+                tupleArgs := tupleArgs + [outName];
+              }
+              earlyReturn := Some(tupleArgs);
             }
-            earlyReturn := earlyReturn + ");";
           }
           case None => {}
         }
+        env := Environment(preAssignNames + paramNames, preAssignTypes + paramTypes);
 
-        var body, _ := GenStmts(m.body, if m.isStatic then None else Some("self"), paramNames, true, earlyReturn);
+        var body, _, _ := GenStmts(m.body, selfIdent, env, true, earlyReturn);
 
-        fBody := Some(R.RawExpr(body));
+        fBody := Some(preBody.Then(body));
       } else {
+        env := Environment(paramNames, paramTypes);
         fBody := None;
       }
       s := R.FnDecl(
@@ -1305,995 +3343,1765 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
           fnName,
           typeParams,
           params,
-          Some(R.RawType(retType)),
-          whereClauses,
+          Some(if |retTypeArgs| == 1 then retTypeArgs[0] else R.TupleType(retTypeArgs)),
+          "",
           fBody
         )
       );
     }
 
-    static method GenStmts(stmts: seq<Statement>, selfIdent: Option<string>, params: seq<string>, isLast: bool, earlyReturn: string) returns (generated: string, readIdents: set<string>) {
-      generated := "";
+    method GenStmts(stmts: seq<Statement>, selfIdent: SelfInfo, env: Environment, isLast: bool, earlyReturn: Option<seq<string>>)
+      returns (generated: R.Expr, readIdents: set<string>, newEnv: Environment)
+      decreases stmts, 1, 0
+      modifies this
+    {
+      generated := R.RawExpr("");
       var declarations := {};
       readIdents := {};
       var i := 0;
+      newEnv := env;
+      ghost var oldStmts := stmts;
+      var stmts := stmts; // Make it mutable
       while i < |stmts| {
         var stmt := stmts[i];
-        var stmtString, recIdents := GenStmt(stmt, selfIdent, params, isLast && (i == |stmts| - 1), earlyReturn);
-        readIdents := readIdents + (recIdents - declarations);
+        // Avoid lazy initialization if it is not necessary
+        match stmt {
+          case DeclareVar(name, optType, None) =>
+            if i + 1 < |stmts| {
+              match stmts[i + 1] {
+                case Assign(Ident(name2), rhs) =>
+                  if name2 == name {
+                    stmts := stmts[0..i] + [DeclareVar(name, optType, Some(rhs))] + stmts[i+2..];
+                    stmt := stmts[i];
+                  }
+                case _ =>
+              }
+            }
+          case _ =>
+
+        }
+        assume {:axiom} stmt in oldStmts;
+        var stmtExpr, recIdents, newEnv2 := GenStmt(stmt, selfIdent, newEnv, isLast && (i == |stmts| - 1), earlyReturn);
+        newEnv := newEnv2;
 
         match stmt {
           case DeclareVar(name, _, _) => {
-            declarations := declarations + {name};
+            declarations := declarations + {escapeVar(name)};
           }
           case _ => {}
         }
+        readIdents := readIdents + (recIdents - declarations);
+        generated := generated.Then(stmtExpr);
 
-        if i > 0 {
-          generated := generated + "\n";
-        }
-
-        generated := generated + stmtString;
         i := i + 1;
+        if stmtExpr.Return? { // The rest of statements is unreachable
+          break;
+        }
       }
     }
 
-    static method GenAssignLhs(lhs: AssignLhs, rhs: string, selfIdent: Option<string>, params: seq<string>) returns (generated: string, needsIIFE: bool, readIdents: set<string>) {
+    method GenAssignLhs(lhs: AssignLhs, rhs: R.Expr, selfIdent: SelfInfo, env: Environment) returns (generated: R.Expr, needsIIFE: bool, readIdents: set<string>, newEnv: Environment)
+      decreases lhs, 1
+      modifies this
+    {
+      newEnv := env;
       match lhs {
-        case Ident(Ident(id)) => {
-          if id in params {
-            generated := "*" + escapeIdent(id);
+        case Ident(id) => {
+          var idRust := escapeVar(id);
+          if env.IsBorrowed(idRust) || env.IsBorrowedMut(idRust) {
+            generated := R.AssignVar("*" + idRust, rhs);
           } else {
-            generated := escapeIdent(id);
+            generated := R.AssignVar(idRust, rhs);
           }
 
-          readIdents := {id};
+          readIdents := {idRust};
           needsIIFE := false;
         }
 
         case Select(on, field) => {
-          var onExpr, onOwned, onErased, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, params, false);
-          generated := "*(" + onExpr + "." + field + ".borrow_mut()) = " + rhs + ";";
+          var fieldName := escapeVar(field);
+          var onExpr, onOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+
+          match onExpr { // Particular case of the constructor, we don't want the previous value to be dropped if it's assigned the first time
+            case Call(Select(Identifier("this"), "clone"), _)
+              | Identifier("this")
+              | UnaryOp("&", Identifier("this"), _) =>
+              var isAssignedVar := AddAssignedPrefix(fieldName);
+              if isAssignedVar in newEnv.names {
+                generated := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(update_field_uninit_macro).AsExpr().Apply(
+                  [ thisInConstructor,
+                    R.Identifier(fieldName),
+                    R.Identifier(isAssignedVar),
+                    rhs]);
+                newEnv := newEnv.RemoveAssigned(isAssignedVar);
+              } else {
+                // Already assigned, safe to override
+                generated := R.Assign(Some(R.SelectMember(modify_macro.Apply1(thisInConstructor), fieldName)), rhs);
+              }
+            case _ =>
+              if onExpr != R.Identifier("self") {
+                onExpr := modify_macro.Apply1(onExpr);
+              }
+              generated :=
+                R.AssignMember(onExpr, fieldName, rhs);
+          }
           readIdents := recIdents;
-          needsIIFE := true;
+          needsIIFE := false;
         }
 
         case Index(on, indices) => {
-          var onExpr, onOwned, onErased, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, params, false);
+          // Retrieve the pointer to the array
+          var onExpr, onOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
           readIdents := recIdents;
 
-          generated := "{\n";
-
-          var i := 0;
-          while i < |indices| {
-            var idx, _, idxErased, recIdentsIdx := GenExpr(indices[i], selfIdent, params, true);
-            if !idxErased {
-              idx := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + idx + ")";
-            }
+          onExpr := modify_macro.Apply1(onExpr);
 
-            generated := generated + "let __idx" + Strings.OfNat(i) + " = <usize as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(" + idx + ").unwrap();\n";
+          var r := R.RawExpr("");
 
+          var indicesExpr := [];
+          for i := 0 to |indices| {
+            var idx, _, recIdentsIdx := GenExpr(indices[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            var varName := "__idx" + Strings.OfNat(i);
+            indicesExpr := indicesExpr + [R.Identifier(varName)];
+            r := r.Then(
+              R.DeclareVar(
+                R.CONST, varName, None,
+                Some(
+                  R.IntoUsize(idx))));
             readIdents := readIdents + recIdentsIdx;
-
-            i := i + 1;
           }
 
-          generated := generated + onExpr + ".borrow_mut()";
-          i := 0;
-          while i < |indices| {
-            generated := generated + "[__idx" + Strings.OfNat(i) + "]";
-            i := i + 1;
+          if |indices| > 1 { // Multi-dimensional arrays
+            onExpr := onExpr.Sel("data");
           }
 
-          generated := generated + " = " + rhs + ";\n}";
+          generated := r.Then(R.Assign(Some(R.Index(onExpr, indicesExpr)), rhs));
           needsIIFE := true;
         }
       }
     }
 
-    static method GenStmt(stmt: Statement, selfIdent: Option<string>, params: seq<string>, isLast: bool, earlyReturn: string) returns (generated: string, readIdents: set<string>) {
+    method GenStmt(stmt: Statement, selfIdent: SelfInfo, env: Environment, isLast: bool, earlyReturn: Option<seq<string>>) returns (generated: R.Expr, readIdents: set<string>, newEnv: Environment)
+      decreases stmt, 1, 1
+      modifies this
+    {
       match stmt {
+        case ConstructorNewSeparator(fields) => {
+          generated := R.RawExpr("");
+          readIdents := {};
+          newEnv := env;
+          for i := 0 to |fields| {
+            var field := fields[i];
+            var fieldName := escapeVar(field.name);
+            var fieldTyp := GenType(field.typ, GenTypeContext.default());
+            var isAssignedVar := AddAssignedPrefix(fieldName);
+            if isAssignedVar in newEnv.names {
+              assume {:axiom} InitializationValue(field.typ) < stmt; // Needed for termination
+              var rhs, _, _ := GenExpr(InitializationValue(field.typ), selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+              readIdents := readIdents + {isAssignedVar};
+              generated := generated.Then(R.dafny_runtime.MSel(update_field_if_uninit_macro).AsExpr().Apply([
+                                                                                                              R.Identifier("this"), R.Identifier(fieldName), R.Identifier(isAssignedVar), rhs]));
+              newEnv := newEnv.RemoveAssigned(isAssignedVar);
+            }
+          }
+        }
         case DeclareVar(name, typ, Some(expression)) => {
-          var typeString := GenType(typ, true, false);
-          var expr, _, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expression, selfIdent, params, true);
-          if !recErased {
-            expr := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + expr + ")";
+          var tpe := GenType(typ, GenTypeContext.default());
+          var varName := escapeVar(name);
+          var hasCopySemantics := tpe.CanReadWithoutClone();
+          if expression.InitializationValue? && !hasCopySemantics {
+            generated := R.DeclareVar(R.MUT, varName, None, Some(R.MaybePlaceboPath.AsExpr().ApplyType1(tpe).FSel("new").Apply([])));
+            readIdents := {};
+            newEnv := env.AddAssigned(varName, R.MaybePlaceboType(tpe));
+          } else {
+            var expr, recIdents;
+            if expression.InitializationValue? &&
+               tpe.IsObjectOrPointer() {
+              expr := tpe.ToNullExpr();
+              recIdents := {};
+            } else {
+              var exprOwnership;
+              expr, exprOwnership, recIdents := GenExpr(expression, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            }
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+            tpe := if expression.NewUninitArray? then tpe.TypeAtInitialization() else tpe;
+            generated := R.DeclareVar(R.MUT, varName, Some(tpe), Some(expr));
+            newEnv := env.AddAssigned(varName, tpe);
           }
-
-          expr := "<" + typeString + " as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::unerase_owned(" + expr + ")";
-
-          generated := "let mut " + escapeIdent(name) + ": " + typeString + " = " + expr + ";";
-          readIdents := recIdents;
         }
         case DeclareVar(name, typ, None) => {
-          var typeString := GenType(typ, true, false);
-          generated := "let mut " + escapeIdent(name) + ": " + typeString + ";";
-          readIdents := {};
+          var newStmt := DeclareVar(name, typ, Some(InitializationValue(typ)));
+          assume {:axiom} newStmt < stmt;
+          generated, readIdents, newEnv := GenStmt(newStmt, selfIdent, env, isLast, earlyReturn);
         }
         case Assign(lhs, expression) => {
-          var lhsGen, needsIIFE, recIdents := GenAssignLhs(lhs, "__rhs", selfIdent, params);
-          var exprGen, _, exprErased, exprIdents := GenExpr(expression, selfIdent, params, true);
-          if !exprErased {
-            exprGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + exprGen + ")";
+          var exprGen, _, exprIdents := GenExpr(expression, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          if lhs.Ident? {
+            var rustId := escapeVar(lhs.ident);
+            var tpe := env.GetType(rustId);
+            if tpe.Some? && tpe.value.ExtractMaybePlacebo().Some? {
+              exprGen := R.MaybePlacebo(exprGen);
+            }
           }
-
-          exprGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(" + exprGen + ")";
+          if lhs.Index? && lhs.expr.Ident? {
+            var rustId := escapeVar(lhs.expr.name);
+            var tpe := env.GetType(rustId);
+            if tpe.Some? && tpe.value.ExtractMaybeUninitArrayElement().Some? {
+              exprGen := R.MaybeUninitNew(exprGen);
+            }
+          }
+          var lhsGen, needsIIFE, recIdents, resEnv := GenAssignLhs(lhs, exprGen, selfIdent, env);
+          generated := lhsGen;
+          newEnv := resEnv;
 
           if needsIIFE {
-            generated := "{\nlet __rhs = " + exprGen + ";\n" + lhsGen + "\n}";
-          } else {
-            generated := lhsGen + " = " + exprGen + ";";
+            generated := R.Block(generated);
           }
-
           readIdents := recIdents + exprIdents;
         }
-        case If(cond, thn, els) => {
-          var condString, _, condErased, recIdents := GenExpr(cond, selfIdent, params, true);
-          if !condErased {
-            condString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + condString + ")";
-          }
+        case If(cond, thnDafny, elsDafny) => {
+          var cond, _, recIdents := GenExpr(cond, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          var condString := cond.ToString(IND);
 
           readIdents := recIdents;
-          var thnString, thnIdents := GenStmts(thn, selfIdent, params, isLast, earlyReturn);
+          var thn, thnIdents, thnEnv := GenStmts(thnDafny, selfIdent, env, isLast, earlyReturn);
           readIdents := readIdents + thnIdents;
-          var elsString, elsIdents := GenStmts(els, selfIdent, params, isLast, earlyReturn);
+          var els, elsIdents, elsEnv := GenStmts(elsDafny, selfIdent, env, isLast, earlyReturn);
           readIdents := readIdents + elsIdents;
-          generated := "if " + condString + " {\n" + thnString + "\n} else {\n" + elsString + "\n}";
+          newEnv := env;
+          generated := R.IfExpr(cond, thn, els);
         }
         case Labeled(lbl, body) => {
-          var bodyString, bodyIdents := GenStmts(body, selfIdent, params, isLast, earlyReturn);
+          var body, bodyIdents, env2 := GenStmts(body, selfIdent, env, isLast, earlyReturn);
           readIdents := bodyIdents;
-          generated := "'label_" + lbl + ": loop {\n" + bodyString + "\n" + "break;" + "\n}";
+          generated := R.Labelled("label_" + lbl, R.Loop(None, R.StmtExpr(body, R.Break(None))));
+          newEnv := env;
         }
         case While(cond, body) => {
-          var condString, _, condErased, recIdents := GenExpr(cond, selfIdent, params, true);
-          if !condErased {
-            condString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + condString + ")";
-          }
-
+          var cond, _, recIdents := GenExpr(cond, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
           readIdents := recIdents;
-          var bodyString, bodyIdents := GenStmts(body, selfIdent, params, false, earlyReturn);
-          readIdents := readIdents + bodyIdents;
 
-          generated := "while " + condString + " {\n" + bodyString + "\n}";
+          var bodyExpr, bodyIdents, bodyEnv := GenStmts(body, selfIdent, env, false, earlyReturn);
+
+          newEnv := env;
+          readIdents := readIdents + bodyIdents;
+          generated := R.Loop(Some(cond), bodyExpr);
         }
-        case Foreach(boundName, boundType, over, body) => {
-          var overString, _, overErased, recIdents := GenExpr(over, selfIdent, params, true);
+        case Foreach(boundName, boundType, overExpr, body) => {
+          // Variables are usually owned, so we request OwnershipOwned here although it's for each variable.
+          var over, _, recIdents := GenExpr(overExpr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          if overExpr.MapBoundedPool? || overExpr.SetBoundedPool? {
+            over := over.Sel("cloned").Apply([]);
+          }
 
-          var boundTypeStr := GenType(boundType, false, false);
+          var boundTpe := GenType(boundType, GenTypeContext.default());
 
           readIdents := recIdents;
-          var bodyString, bodyIdents := GenStmts(body, selfIdent, params + [boundName], false, earlyReturn);
-          readIdents := readIdents + bodyIdents - {boundName};
-
-          var unerasedIter := "_iter_erased";
-          if overErased {
-            unerasedIter := "<" + boundTypeStr + " as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::unerase_owned(" + unerasedIter + ")";
-          }
-
-          generated := "for _iter_erased in " + overString + " {\n";
-          generated := generated + "let " + escapeIdent(boundName) + " = " + unerasedIter + ";\n" + bodyString + "\n}";
+          var boundRName: string := escapeVar(boundName);
+          var bodyExpr, bodyIdents, bodyEnv := GenStmts(body, selfIdent, env.AddAssigned(boundRName, boundTpe), false, earlyReturn);
+          readIdents := readIdents + bodyIdents - {boundRName};
+          newEnv := env;
+          generated := R.For(boundRName, over, bodyExpr);
         }
         case Break(toLabel) => {
           match toLabel {
             case Some(lbl) => {
-              generated := "break 'label_" + lbl + ";";
+              generated := R.Break(Some("label_" + lbl));
             }
             case None => {
-              generated := "break;";
+              generated := R.Break(None);
             }
           }
           readIdents := {};
+          newEnv := env;
         }
         case TailRecursive(body) => {
           // clone the parameters to make them mutable
-          generated := "";
+          generated := R.RawExpr("");
 
-          if selfIdent != None {
-            generated := generated + "let mut _this = self.clone();\n";
+          if selfIdent != NoSelf {
+            var selfClone, _, _ := GenIdent(selfIdent.rSelfName, selfIdent, Environment.Empty(), OwnershipOwned);
+            generated := generated.Then(R.DeclareVar(R.MUT, "_this", None, Some(selfClone)));
           }
-
-          var paramI := 0;
-          while paramI < |params| {
-            var param := params[paramI];
-            generated := generated + "let mut " + escapeIdent(param) + " = " + escapeIdent(param) + ".clone();\n";
-            paramI := paramI + 1;
+          newEnv := env;
+          var loopBegin := R.RawExpr("");
+          for paramI := 0 to |env.names| {
+            var param := env.names[paramI];
+            if param == "_accumulator" {
+              continue; // This is an already mutable variable handled by SinglePassCodeGenerator
+            }
+            var paramInit, _, _ := GenIdent(param, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            var recVar := TailRecursionPrefix + Strings.OfNat(paramI);
+            generated := generated.Then(R.DeclareVar(R.MUT, recVar, None, Some(paramInit)));
+            if param in env.types {
+              // We made the input type owned by the variable.
+              // so we can remove borrow annotations.
+              var declaredType := env.types[param].ToOwned();
+              newEnv := newEnv.AddAssigned(param, declaredType);
+              newEnv := newEnv.AddAssigned(recVar, declaredType);
+            }
+            // Redeclare the input parameter, take ownership of the recursive value
+            loopBegin := loopBegin.Then(R.DeclareVar(R.CONST, param, None, Some(R.Identifier(recVar))));
           }
-
-          var bodyString, bodyIdents := GenStmts(body, if selfIdent != None then Some("_this") else None, [], false, earlyReturn);
+          var bodyExpr, bodyIdents, bodyEnv := GenStmts(body, if selfIdent != NoSelf then ThisTyped("_this", selfIdent.dafnyType) else NoSelf, newEnv, false, earlyReturn);
           readIdents := bodyIdents;
-          generated := generated + "'TAIL_CALL_START: loop {\n" + bodyString + "\n}";
+          generated := generated.Then(
+            R.Labelled("TAIL_CALL_START",
+                       R.Loop(None,
+                              loopBegin.Then(bodyExpr))));
         }
         case JumpTailCallStart() => {
-          generated := "continue 'TAIL_CALL_START;";
+          generated := R.Continue(Some("TAIL_CALL_START"));
           readIdents := {};
+          newEnv := env;
         }
         case Call(on, name, typeArgs, args, maybeOutVars) => {
-          readIdents := {};
+          assume {:axiom} (if |args| > 0 then args[0] else Expression.Tuple([])) < stmt;
+          var argExprs, recIdents, typeExprs, fullNameQualifier := GenArgs(None, selfIdent, name, typeArgs, args, env);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
 
-          var typeArgString := "";
-          if (|typeArgs| >= 1) {
-            var typeI := 0;
-            typeArgString := "::<";
-            while typeI < |typeArgs| {
-              if typeI > 0 {
-                typeArgString := typeArgString + ", ";
+          match fullNameQualifier {
+            // Trait calls are fully specified as we can't guarantee traits will be in context
+            case Some(ResolvedType(path, onTypeArgs, base, _, _, _)) =>
+              var fullPath := GenPathExpr(path);
+              var onTypeExprs := GenTypeArgs(onTypeArgs, GenTypeContext.default());
+              var onExpr, recOwnership, recIdents;
+              if base.Trait? || base.Class? {
+                onExpr, recOwnership, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+                onExpr := modify_macro.Apply1(onExpr);
+                readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
+              } else {
+                onExpr, recOwnership, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowedMut);
+                readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
               }
-
-              var typeString := GenType(typeArgs[typeI], false, false);
-              typeArgString := typeArgString + typeString;
-
-              typeI := typeI + 1;
-            }
-            typeArgString := typeArgString + ">";
-          }
-
-          var argString := "";
-          var i := 0;
-          while i < |args| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              argString := argString + ", ";
-            }
-
-            var argExpr, isOwned, argErased, argIdents := GenExpr(args[i], selfIdent, params, false);
-            if argErased {
-              argExpr := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(" + argExpr + ")";
-            }
-            if isOwned {
-              argExpr := "&" + argExpr;
-            }
-
-            argString := argString + argExpr;
-            readIdents := readIdents + argIdents;
-
-            i := i + 1;
+              generated := fullPath.ApplyType(onTypeExprs).FSel(escapeName(name.name)).ApplyType(typeExprs).Apply([onExpr] + argExprs);
+            case _ => // Infix call on.name(args)
+              var onExpr, _, enclosingIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+              readIdents := readIdents + enclosingIdents;
+              var renderedName := GetMethodName(on, name);
+              match on {
+                case Companion(_, _) | ExternCompanion(_) => {
+                  onExpr := onExpr.FSel(renderedName);
+                }
+                case _ => {
+                  if onExpr != R.self { // Self has the reference type already
+                    match name {
+                      case CallName(_, Some(tpe), _, _, _) =>
+                        var typ := GenType(tpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+                        if typ.IsObjectOrPointer() && onExpr != R.Identifier("self") {
+                          onExpr := modify_macro.Apply1(onExpr);
+                        }
+                      case _ =>
+                    }
+                  }
+                  onExpr := onExpr.Sel(renderedName);
+                }
+              }
+              generated := onExpr.ApplyType(typeExprs).Apply(argExprs);
           }
 
-          var enclosingString, _, _, enclosingIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, params, false);
-          readIdents := readIdents + enclosingIdents;
-          match on {
-            case Companion(_) => {
-              enclosingString := enclosingString + "::";
+          if maybeOutVars.Some? && |maybeOutVars.value| == 1 {
+            var outVar := escapeVar(maybeOutVars.value[0]);
+            if !env.CanReadWithoutClone(outVar) {
+              generated := R.MaybePlacebo(generated);
             }
-            case _ => {
-              enclosingString := "(" + enclosingString + ").";
-            }
-          }
-
-          var receiver := "";
-          match maybeOutVars {
-            case Some(outVars) => {
-              if (|outVars| > 1) {
-                receiver := "(";
-              }
-              var outI := 0;
-              while outI < |outVars| {
-                if outI > 0 {
-                  receiver := receiver + ", ";
-                }
-
-                var outVar := outVars[outI];
-                receiver := receiver + outVar.id;
-
-                outI := outI + 1;
-              }
-              if (|outVars| > 1) {
-                receiver := receiver + ")";
+            generated := R.AssignVar(outVar, generated);
+          } else if maybeOutVars.None? || |maybeOutVars.value| == 0 {
+            // Nothing to do here.
+          } else { // Multiple variables
+            var tmpVar := "_x";
+            var tmpId := R.Identifier(tmpVar);
+            generated := R.DeclareVar(R.CONST, tmpVar, None, Some(generated));
+            // We emit assignment to each receiver depending on its type, if it could be a placebo or not.
+            var outVars := maybeOutVars.value;
+            for outI := 0 to |outVars| {
+              var outVar := escapeVar(outVars[outI]);
+              var rhs := tmpId.Sel(Strings.OfNat(outI));
+              if !env.CanReadWithoutClone(outVar) {
+                rhs := R.MaybePlacebo(rhs);
               }
+              generated := generated.Then(R.AssignVar(outVar, rhs));
             }
-            case None => {}
           }
-
-          generated :=
-            (if receiver != "" then (receiver + " = ") else "") +
-            enclosingString + escapeIdent(name) + typeArgString + "(" + argString + ");";
+          newEnv := env;
         }
-        case Return(expr) => {
-          var exprString, _, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, true);
-          exprString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + exprString + "))";
+        case Return(exprDafny) => {
+          var expr, _, recIdents := GenExpr(exprDafny, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
           readIdents := recIdents;
 
           if isLast {
-            generated := exprString;
+            generated := expr;
           } else {
-            generated := "return " + exprString + ";";
+            generated := R.Return(Some(expr));
           }
+          newEnv := env;
         }
         case EarlyReturn() => {
-          generated := earlyReturn;
+
+          match earlyReturn {
+            case None =>
+              generated := R.Return(None);
+            case Some(rustIdents) =>
+              var tupleArgs := [];
+              for i := 0 to |rustIdents| {
+                var rIdent, _, _ := GenIdent(rustIdents[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+                tupleArgs := tupleArgs + [rIdent];
+              }
+              if |tupleArgs| == 1 {
+                generated := R.Return(Some(tupleArgs[0]));
+              } else {
+                generated := R.Return(Some(R.Tuple(tupleArgs)));
+              }
+          }
           readIdents := {};
+          newEnv := env;
         }
         case Halt() => {
-          generated := "panic!(\"Halt\");";
+          generated := R.Identifier("panic!").Apply1(R.LiteralString("Halt", false, false));
           readIdents := {};
+          newEnv := env;
         }
         case Print(e) => {
-          var printedExpr, isOwned, _, recIdents := GenExpr(e, selfIdent, params, false);
-          if isOwned {
-            printedExpr := "&(" + printedExpr + ")";
-          }
-          generated := "print!(\"{}\", ::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrintWrapper(" + printedExpr + "));";
+          var printedExpr, recOwnership, recIdents := GenExpr(e, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+          generated := R.Identifier("print!").Apply([R.LiteralString("{}", false, false),
+                                                     R.dafny_runtime.MSel("DafnyPrintWrapper").AsExpr().Apply1(printedExpr)]);
           readIdents := recIdents;
+          newEnv := env;
         }
       }
     }
 
-    static method GenExpr(e: Expression, selfIdent: Option<string>, params: seq<string>, mustOwn: bool) returns (s: string, isOwned: bool, isErased: bool, readIdents: set<string>)
-      ensures mustOwn ==> isOwned
-      decreases e {
-      match e {
-        case Literal(BoolLiteral(false)) => {
-          s := "false";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
-          readIdents := {};
+    static const OpTable: map<BinOp, string> :=
+      map[
+        Mod() := "%",
+        And() := "&&",
+        Or() := "||",
+        Div() := "/",
+        Lt() := "<",
+        LtChar() := "<",
+        Plus() := "+",
+        Minus() := "-",
+        Times() := "*",
+        BitwiseAnd() := "&",
+        BitwiseOr() := "|",
+        BitwiseXor() := "^",
+        BitwiseShiftRight() := ">>",
+        BitwiseShiftLeft() := "<<"
+      ]
+
+    static function NewtypeRangeToRustType(range: NewtypeRange)
+      : Option<R.Type> {
+      match range {
+        case NoRange() => None
+        case U8() => Some(R.Type.U8)
+        case U16() => Some(R.Type.U16)
+        case U32() => Some(R.Type.U32)
+        case U64() => Some(R.Type.U64)
+        case U128() => Some(R.Type.U128)
+        case I8() => Some(R.Type.I8)
+        case I16() => Some(R.Type.I16)
+        case I32() => Some(R.Type.I32)
+        case I64() => Some(R.Type.I64)
+        case I128() => Some(R.Type.I128)
+        case _ => None
+      }
+    }
+
+    method FromOwned(r: R.Expr, expectedOwnership: Ownership)
+      returns (out: R.Expr, resultingOwnership: Ownership)
+      ensures resultingOwnership != OwnershipAutoBorrowed
+      ensures expectedOwnership != OwnershipAutoBorrowed
+              ==> resultingOwnership == expectedOwnership
+      ensures OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership)
+    {
+      if expectedOwnership == OwnershipOwnedBox {
+        out := R.BoxNew(r);
+        resultingOwnership := OwnershipOwnedBox;
+      } else if expectedOwnership == OwnershipOwned || expectedOwnership == OwnershipAutoBorrowed {
+        out := r;
+        resultingOwnership := OwnershipOwned;
+      } else if expectedOwnership == OwnershipBorrowed {
+        out := R.Borrow(r);
+        resultingOwnership := OwnershipBorrowed;
+      } else {
+        assert expectedOwnership == OwnershipBorrowedMut;
+        out := modify_macro.Apply1(R.RawExpr(r.ToString("") + "/*TODO: Conversion from Borrowed or BorrowedMut to BorrowedMut*/"));
+        resultingOwnership := OwnershipBorrowedMut;
+      }
+    }
+
+    method FromOwnership(r: R.Expr, ownership: Ownership, expectedOwnership: Ownership)
+      returns (out: R.Expr, resultingOwnership: Ownership)
+      requires ownership != OwnershipAutoBorrowed
+      ensures OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership)
+    {
+      if ownership == expectedOwnership {
+        out := r;
+        resultingOwnership := expectedOwnership;
+        return;
+      }
+      if ownership == OwnershipOwned {
+        out, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+        return;
+      } else if ownership == OwnershipOwnedBox {
+        out, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(R.UnaryOp("*", r, Format.UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat), expectedOwnership);
+      } else if ownership == OwnershipBorrowed || ownership == OwnershipBorrowedMut {
+        if expectedOwnership == OwnershipOwned{
+          resultingOwnership := OwnershipOwned;
+          out := r.Clone();
+        } else if expectedOwnership == OwnershipOwnedBox {
+          resultingOwnership := OwnershipOwnedBox;
+          out := R.BoxNew(r.Clone());
+        } else if expectedOwnership == ownership
+                  || expectedOwnership == OwnershipAutoBorrowed {
+          resultingOwnership := ownership;
+          out := r;
+        } else if expectedOwnership == OwnershipBorrowed
+                  && ownership == OwnershipBorrowedMut {
+          resultingOwnership := OwnershipBorrowed;
+          out := r;
+        } else {
+          assert expectedOwnership == OwnershipBorrowedMut;
+          resultingOwnership := OwnershipBorrowedMut;
+          out := R.BorrowMut(r); // Not sure if it will ever happen
         }
-        case Literal(BoolLiteral(true)) => {
-          s := "true";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+      } else {
+        assert false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    static predicate OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership: Ownership, resultingOwnership: Ownership) {
+      && (expectedOwnership != OwnershipAutoBorrowed ==>
+            resultingOwnership == expectedOwnership)
+      && resultingOwnership != OwnershipAutoBorrowed // We know what's going on
+    }
+
+    method GenExprLiteral(
+      e: Expression,
+      selfIdent: SelfInfo,
+      env: Environment,
+      expectedOwnership: Ownership
+    ) returns (r: R.Expr, resultingOwnership: Ownership, readIdents: set<string>)
+      requires e.Literal?
+      modifies this
+      ensures OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership)
+      decreases e, 0
+    {
+      match e {
+        case Literal(BoolLiteral(b)) => {
+          r, resultingOwnership :=
+            FromOwned(R.LiteralBool(b), expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := {};
+          return;
         }
         case Literal(IntLiteral(i, t)) => {
           match t {
             case Primitive(Int) => {
-              s := "::dafny_runtime::BigInt::parse_bytes(b\"" + i + "\", 10).unwrap()";
+              if |i| <= 4 {
+                r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("int!").AsExpr().Apply1(R.LiteralInt(i));
+              } else {
+                r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("int!").AsExpr().Apply1(
+                  R.LiteralString(i, binary := true, verbatim := false));
+              }
             }
             case o => {
-              var genType := GenType(o, false, false);
-              s := "(" + i + " as " + genType + ")";
+              var genType := GenType(o, GenTypeContext.default());
+              r := R.TypeAscription(R.RawExpr(i), genType);
             }
           }
-
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := {};
+          return;
         }
         case Literal(DecLiteral(n, d, t)) => {
           match t {
             case Primitive(Real) => {
-              s := "::dafny_runtime::BigRational::new(::dafny_runtime::BigInt::parse_bytes(b\"" + n + "\", 10).unwrap(), ::dafny_runtime::BigInt::parse_bytes(b\"" + d + "\", 10).unwrap())";
+              r := R.RcNew(R.RawExpr("::dafny_runtime::BigRational::new(::dafny_runtime::BigInt::parse_bytes(b\"" + n + "\", 10).unwrap(), ::dafny_runtime::BigInt::parse_bytes(b\"" + d + "\", 10).unwrap())"));
             }
             case o => {
-              var genType := GenType(o, false, false);
-              s := "((" + n + ".0 / " + d + ".0" + ") as " + genType + ")";
+              var genType := GenType(o, GenTypeContext.default());
+              r := R.TypeAscription(R.RawExpr("(" + n + ".0 / " + d + ".0" + ")"), genType);
             }
           }
 
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          readIdents := {};
+          return;
+        }
+        case Literal(StringLiteral(l, verbatim)) => {
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(string_of).AsExpr().Apply1(R.LiteralString(l, binary := false, verbatim := verbatim));
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := {};
+          return;
         }
-        case Literal(StringLiteral(l)) => {
-          // TODO(shadaj): handle unicode properly
-          s := "\"" + l + "\".chars().collect::<Vec<char>>()";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+        case Literal(CharLiteralUTF16(c)) => {
+          r := R.LiteralInt(Strings.OfNat(c));
+          r := R.TypeAscription(r, R.U16);
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(DafnyChar).AsExpr().Apply1(r);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := {};
+          return;
         }
         case Literal(CharLiteral(c)) => {
-          s := "::std::primitive::char::from_u32(" + Strings.OfNat(c as nat) + ").unwrap()";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          r := R.LiteralInt(Strings.OfNat(c as nat));
+          if !charType.UTF32? {
+            r := R.TypeAscription(r, R.U16);
+          } else {
+            r :=
+              R.global.MSel("std").MSel("primitive")
+              .MSel("char").FSel("from_u32")
+              .Apply1(r).Sel("unwrap").Apply([]);
+          }
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(DafnyChar).AsExpr().Apply1(r);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := {};
+          return;
         }
         case Literal(Null(tpe)) => {
-          var tpeGen := GenType(tpe, false, false);
-          s := "(None as " + tpeGen + ")";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          var tpeGen := GenType(tpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+          if pointerType.Raw? {
+            r := R.std.MSel("ptr").FSel("null_mut");
+          } else {
+            r := R.TypeAscription(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("Object").AsExpr().Apply1(R.RawExpr("None")), tpeGen);
+          }
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := {};
+          return;
         }
-        case Ident(name) => {
-          s := escapeIdent(name);
-          if !(name in params) {
-            s := "(&" + s + ")";
+      }
+    }
+
+    method GenExprBinary(
+      e: Expression,
+      selfIdent: SelfInfo,
+      env: Environment,
+      expectedOwnership: Ownership
+    ) returns (r: R.Expr, resultingOwnership: Ownership, readIdents: set<string>)
+      requires e.BinOp?
+      modifies this
+      ensures OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership)
+      decreases e, 0
+    {
+      var BinOp(op, lExpr, rExpr, format) := e;
+      var becomesLeftCallsRight := match op {
+        case SetMerge()
+          | SetSubtraction()
+          | SetIntersection()
+          | SetDisjoint()
+          | MapMerge()
+          | MapSubtraction()
+          | MultisetMerge()
+          | MultisetSubtraction()
+          | MultisetIntersection()
+          | MultisetDisjoint()
+          | Concat()
+          => true
+        case _ => false
+      };
+      var becomesRightCallsLeft := match op {
+        case In() => true
+        case _ => false
+      };
+      var becomesCallLeftRight := match op {
+        case Eq(true) => false
+        case SetMerge() => true
+        case SetSubtraction() => true
+        case SetIntersection() => true
+        case SetDisjoint() => true
+        case MapMerge() => true
+        case MapSubtraction() => true
+        case MultisetMerge() => true
+        case MultisetSubtraction() => true
+        case MultisetIntersection() => true
+        case MultisetDisjoint() => true
+        case Concat() => true
+        case _ => false
+      };
+      var expectedLeftOwnership :=
+        if becomesLeftCallsRight then OwnershipAutoBorrowed
+        else if becomesRightCallsLeft || becomesCallLeftRight then OwnershipBorrowed
+        else OwnershipOwned;
+      var expectedRightOwnership :=
+        if becomesLeftCallsRight || becomesCallLeftRight then OwnershipBorrowed
+        else if becomesRightCallsLeft then OwnershipAutoBorrowed
+        else OwnershipOwned;
+      var left, _, recIdentsL := GenExpr(lExpr, selfIdent, env, expectedLeftOwnership);
+      var right, _, recIdentsR := GenExpr(rExpr, selfIdent, env, expectedRightOwnership);
+
+      match op {
+        case In() => {
+          r := right.Sel("contains").Apply1(left);
+        }
+        case SeqProperPrefix() =>
+          r := R.BinaryOp("<", left, right, format);
+        case SeqPrefix() =>
+          r := R.BinaryOp("<=", left, right, format);
+        case SetMerge() => {
+          r := left.Sel("merge").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case SetSubtraction() => {
+          r := left.Sel("subtract").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case SetIntersection() => {
+          r := left.Sel("intersect").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case Subset() => {
+          r := R.BinaryOp("<=", left, right, format);
+        }
+        case ProperSubset() => {
+          r := R.BinaryOp("<", left, right, format);
+        }
+        case SetDisjoint() => {
+          r := left.Sel("disjoint").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case MapMerge() => {
+          r := left.Sel("merge").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case MapSubtraction() => {
+          r := left.Sel("subtract").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case MultisetMerge() => {
+          r := left.Sel("merge").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case MultisetSubtraction() => {
+          r := left.Sel("subtract").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case MultisetIntersection() => {
+          r := left.Sel("intersect").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case Submultiset() => {
+          r := R.BinaryOp("<=", left, right, format);
+        }
+        case ProperSubmultiset() => {
+          r := R.BinaryOp("<", left, right, format);
+        }
+        case MultisetDisjoint() => {
+          r := left.Sel("disjoint").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case Concat() => {
+          r := left.Sel("concat").Apply1(right);
+        }
+        case _ => {
+
+          if op in OpTable {
+            r := R.Expr.BinaryOp(
+              OpTable[op],
+              left,
+              right,
+              format);
+          } else {
+            match op {
+              case Eq(referential) => {
+                if (referential) {
+                  if pointerType.Raw? {
+                    error := Some("Cannot compare raw pointers yet - need to wrap them with a structure to ensure they are compared properly");
+                    r := R.RawExpr(error.value);
+                  } else {
+                    r := R.BinaryOp("==", left, right, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat());
+                  }
+                } else {
+                  if rExpr.SeqValue? && |rExpr.elements| == 0 {
+                    r := R.BinaryOp("==", left.Sel("to_array").Apply([]).Sel("len").Apply([]), R.LiteralInt("0"), DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat());
+                  } else if lExpr.SeqValue? && |lExpr.elements| == 0 {
+                    r := R.BinaryOp("==", R.LiteralInt("0"), right.Sel("to_array").Apply([]).Sel("len").Apply([]), DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat());
+                  } else {
+                    r := R.BinaryOp("==", left, right, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat());
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+              case EuclidianDiv() => {
+                r := R.RawExpr("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_division").Apply([left, right]);
+              }
+              case EuclidianMod() => {
+                r := R.RawExpr("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_modulo").Apply([left, right]);
+              }
+              case Passthrough(op) => {
+                r := R.Expr.BinaryOp(op, left, right, format);
+              }
+            }
           }
+        }
+      }
+      r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+      readIdents := recIdentsL + recIdentsR;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    method GenExprConvertToNewtype(
+      e: Expression,
+      selfIdent: SelfInfo,
+      env: Environment,
+      expectedOwnership: Ownership
+    ) returns (r: R.Expr, resultingOwnership: Ownership, readIdents: set<string>)
+      requires e.Convert?
+      requires e.from != e.typ
+      requires e.typ.UserDefined? && e.typ.resolved.kind.Newtype?
+      modifies this
+      ensures OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership)
+      decreases e, 0, 0
+    {
+      var Convert(expr, fromTpe, toTpe) := e;
+      var UserDefined(ResolvedType(path, typeArgs, Newtype(b, range, erase), _, _, _)) := toTpe;
+      var nativeToType := NewtypeRangeToRustType(range);
+      if fromTpe == b {
+        var recursiveGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+        readIdents := recIdents;
+        match nativeToType {
+          case Some(v) =>
+            r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("truncate!").AsExpr().Apply([recursiveGen, R.ExprFromType(v)]);
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          case None =>
+            if erase {
+              r := recursiveGen;
+            } else {
+              var rhsType := GenType(toTpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+              r := R.RawExpr(rhsType.ToString(IND) + "(" + recursiveGen.ToString(IND) + ")");
+            }
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, recOwned, expectedOwnership);
+        }
+      } else {
+        if nativeToType.Some? {
+          // Conversion between any newtypes that can be expressed as a native Rust type
+          match fromTpe {
+            case UserDefined(
+              ResolvedType(_, _, Newtype(b0, range0, erase0), attributes0, _, _)) => {
+              var nativeFromType := NewtypeRangeToRustType(range0);
+              if nativeFromType.Some? {
+                var recursiveGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+                r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(R.TypeAscription(recursiveGen, nativeToType.value), recOwned, expectedOwnership);
+                readIdents := recIdents;
+                return;
+              }
+            }
+            case _ =>
+          }
+          if fromTpe == Primitive(Char) {
+            var recursiveGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(R.TypeAscription(recursiveGen.Sel("0"), nativeToType.value), recOwned, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+        assume {:axiom} Convert(Convert(expr, fromTpe, b), b, toTpe) < e; // make termination go through
+        r, resultingOwnership, readIdents := GenExpr(Convert(Convert(expr, fromTpe, b), b, toTpe), selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+      }
+    }
 
-          if mustOwn {
-            s := s + ".clone()";
-            isOwned := true;
+    method GenExprConvertFromNewtype(
+      e: Expression,
+      selfIdent: SelfInfo,
+      env: Environment,
+      expectedOwnership: Ownership
+    ) returns (r: R.Expr, resultingOwnership: Ownership, readIdents: set<string>)
+      requires e.Convert?
+      requires e.from != e.typ
+      requires (!e.typ.UserDefined? || !e.typ.resolved.kind.Newtype?)
+      requires e.from.UserDefined? && e.from.resolved.kind.Newtype?
+      modifies this
+      ensures OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership)
+      decreases e, 0, 0
+    {
+      var Convert(expr, fromTpe, toTpe) := e;
+      var UserDefined(
+      ResolvedType(_, _, Newtype(b, range, erase), attributes, _, _)) := fromTpe;
+      var nativeFromType := NewtypeRangeToRustType(range);
+      if b == toTpe {
+        var recursiveGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+        readIdents := recIdents;
+        match nativeFromType {
+          case Some(v) =>
+            var toTpeRust := GenType(toTpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+            r := R.std.MSel("convert").MSel("Into").AsExpr().ApplyType([toTpeRust]).FSel("into").Apply([recursiveGen]);
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          case None =>
+            if erase {
+              r := recursiveGen;
+            } else {
+              r := recursiveGen.Sel("0");
+            }
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, recOwned, expectedOwnership);
+        }
+      } else {
+        if nativeFromType.Some? {
+          // The case where toTpe is a NewType which compiles to a native integer has already been handled.
+          if toTpe == Primitive(Char) {
+            var recursiveGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(
+              R.dafny_runtime.MSel(DafnyChar).AsExpr().Apply1(
+                R.TypeAscription(recursiveGen, DafnyCharUnderlying)
+              ), recOwned, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+            return;
+          }
+        }
+        assume {:axiom} Convert(Convert(expr, fromTpe, b), b, toTpe) < e; // make termination go through
+        r, resultingOwnership, readIdents := GenExpr(Convert(Convert(expr, fromTpe, b), b, toTpe), selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+      }
+    }
+
+    predicate IsBuiltinCollection(typ: Type) {
+      typ.Seq? || typ.Set? || typ.Map? || typ.Multiset?
+    }
+    function GetBuiltinCollectionElement(typ: Type): Type
+      requires IsBuiltinCollection(typ)
+    {
+      if typ.Map? then typ.value else typ.element
+    }
+
+    predicate SameTypesButDifferentTypeParameters(fromType: Type, fromTpe: R.Type, toType: Type, toTpe: R.Type) {
+      && fromTpe.TypeApp?
+      && toTpe.TypeApp?
+      && fromTpe.baseName == toTpe.baseName
+      && fromType.UserDefined?
+      && toType.UserDefined?
+      && IsSameResolvedTypeAnyArgs(fromType.resolved, toType.resolved)
+      && |fromType.resolved.typeArgs|
+      == |toType.resolved.typeArgs|
+      == |fromTpe.arguments|
+      == |toTpe.arguments|
+    }
+
+    /* Applies a function to every element of a sequence, returning a Result value (which is a
+      failure-compatible type). Returns either a failure, or, if successful at every element,
+      the transformed sequence.  */
+    function {:opaque} SeqResultToResultSeq<T, E>(xs: seq<Result<T, E>>): (result: Result<seq<T>, E>)
+    {
+      if |xs| == 0 then Success([])
+      else
+        var head :- xs[0];
+        var tail :- SeqResultToResultSeq(xs[1..]);
+        Success([head] + tail)
+    }
+
+    function UpcastConversionLambda(fromType: Type, fromTpe: R.Type, toType: Type, toTpe: R.Type, typeParams: map<(R.Type, R.Type), R.Expr>): Result<R.Expr, (Type, R.Type, Type, R.Type, map<(R.Type, R.Type), R.Expr>)>
+    {
+      if fromTpe == toTpe then
+        Success(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("upcast_id").AsExpr().ApplyType([fromTpe]).Apply([]))
+      else if fromTpe.IsObjectOrPointer() && toTpe.IsObjectOrPointer() then
+        if !toTpe.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying().DynType? then Failure((fromType, fromTpe, toType, toTpe, typeParams)) else
+        var fromTpeUnderlying := fromTpe.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+        var toTpeUnderlying := toTpe.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+        Success(R.dafny_runtime.MSel(upcast).AsExpr().ApplyType([fromTpeUnderlying, toTpeUnderlying]).Apply([]))
+      else if (fromTpe, toTpe) in typeParams then
+        Success(typeParams[(fromTpe, toTpe)])
+      else if fromTpe.IsRc() && toTpe.IsRc() then
+        var lambda :- UpcastConversionLambda(fromType, fromTpe.RcUnderlying(), toType, toTpe.RcUnderlying(), typeParams);
+        if fromType.Arrow? then
+          Success(lambda)
+        else
+          Success(R.dafny_runtime.MSel("rc_coerce").AsExpr().Apply1(lambda))
+      else if SameTypesButDifferentTypeParameters(fromType, fromTpe, toType, toTpe) then
+        var indices :=
+          if fromType.UserDefined? && fromType.resolved.kind.Datatype? then
+            Std.Collections.Seq.Filter(i =>
+                                         if 0 <= i < |fromTpe.arguments| then
+                                           (0 <= i < |fromType.resolved.kind.variances| ==>
+                                              !fromType.resolved.kind.variances[i].Nonvariant?)
+                                         else
+                                           false
+                                      , seq(|fromTpe.arguments|, i => i))
+          else
+            seq(|fromTpe.arguments|, i => i);
+        var lambdas :- SeqResultToResultSeq(
+                         seq(|indices|, j requires 0 <= j < |indices| =>
+                           var i := indices[j];
+                           UpcastConversionLambda(
+                             fromType.resolved.typeArgs[i],
+                             fromTpe.arguments[i],
+                             toType.resolved.typeArgs[i],
+                             toTpe.arguments[i],
+                             typeParams
+                           )));
+        Success(R.ExprFromType(fromTpe.baseName).ApplyType(
+                  seq(|fromTpe.arguments|, i requires 0 <= i < |fromTpe.arguments| =>
+                    fromTpe.arguments[i])
+                ).FSel("coerce").Apply(
+                  lambdas
+                ))
+      else if && fromTpe.IsBuiltinCollection() && toTpe.IsBuiltinCollection()
+              && IsBuiltinCollection(fromType) && IsBuiltinCollection(toType) then
+        var newFromTpe := fromTpe.GetBuiltinCollectionElement();
+        var newToTpe := toTpe.GetBuiltinCollectionElement();
+        var newFromType := GetBuiltinCollectionElement(fromType);
+        var newToType := GetBuiltinCollectionElement(toType);
+        var coerceArg :-
+          UpcastConversionLambda(newFromType, newFromTpe, newToType, newToTpe, typeParams);
+        var collectionType := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(fromTpe.Expand().baseName.path.name);
+        var baseType :=
+          if fromTpe.Expand().baseName.path.name == "Map" then
+            collectionType.AsExpr().ApplyType([fromTpe.Expand().arguments[0], newFromTpe])
+          else
+            collectionType.AsExpr().ApplyType([newFromTpe]);
+        Success(baseType.FSel("coerce").Apply1(coerceArg))
+      else if && fromTpe.DynType? && fromTpe.underlying.FnType?
+              && toTpe.DynType? && toTpe.underlying.FnType?
+              && fromTpe.underlying.arguments == toTpe.underlying.arguments // TODO: Support contravariance
+              && fromType.Arrow? && toType.Arrow?
+              && |fromTpe.underlying.arguments| == 1
+              && fromTpe.underlying.arguments[0].Borrowed?
+      then
+        var lambda :- UpcastConversionLambda(fromType.result, fromTpe.underlying.returnType, toType.result, toTpe.underlying.returnType, typeParams);
+        Success(
+          R.dafny_runtime
+          .MSel("fn1_coerce")
+          .AsExpr()
+          .ApplyType([
+                       fromTpe.underlying.arguments[0].underlying,
+                       fromTpe.underlying.returnType,
+                       toTpe.underlying.returnType
+                     ]).Apply1(lambda))
+      else
+        Failure((fromType, fromTpe, toType, toTpe, typeParams))
+    }
+
+    predicate IsDowncastConversion(fromTpe: R.Type, toTpe: R.Type) {
+      if fromTpe.IsObjectOrPointer() && toTpe.IsObjectOrPointer() then
+        fromTpe.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying().DynType? && !toTpe.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying().DynType?
+      else
+        false
+    }
+
+    method GenExprConvertOther(
+      e: Expression,
+      selfIdent: SelfInfo,
+      env: Environment,
+      expectedOwnership: Ownership
+    ) returns (r: R.Expr, resultingOwnership: Ownership, readIdents: set<string>)
+      requires e.Convert?
+      modifies this
+      ensures OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership)
+      decreases e, 0, 0
+    {
+      var Convert(expr, fromTpe, toTpe) := e;
+      var fromTpeGen := GenType(fromTpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+      var toTpeGen := GenType(toTpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+      var upcastConverter := UpcastConversionLambda(fromTpe, fromTpeGen, toTpe, toTpeGen, map[]);
+      if upcastConverter.Success? {
+        var conversionLambda := upcastConverter.value;
+        var recursiveGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+        readIdents := recIdents;
+        r := conversionLambda.Apply1(recursiveGen);
+        r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, OwnershipOwned, expectedOwnership);
+      } else if IsDowncastConversion(fromTpeGen, toTpeGen) {
+        var recursiveGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+        readIdents := recIdents;
+        assert toTpeGen.IsObjectOrPointer();
+        toTpeGen := toTpeGen.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+        r := R.dafny_runtime
+        .MSel(downcast).AsExpr().Apply([recursiveGen, R.ExprFromType(toTpeGen)]);
+        r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, OwnershipOwned, expectedOwnership);
+      } else {
+        var recursiveGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+        readIdents := recIdents;
+        var Failure((fromType, fromTpeGen, toType, toTpeGen, m)) := upcastConverter;
+        var msg := "/* <i>Coercion from " + fromTpeGen.ToString(IND) + " to " + toTpeGen.ToString(IND) + "</i> not yet implemented */";
+        error := Some(msg);
+        r := R.RawExpr(recursiveGen.ToString(IND) + msg);
+        r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, recOwned, expectedOwnership);
+      }
+    }
+
+    method GenExprConvert(
+      e: Expression,
+      selfIdent: SelfInfo,
+      env: Environment,
+      expectedOwnership: Ownership
+    ) returns (r: R.Expr, resultingOwnership: Ownership, readIdents: set<string>)
+      requires e.Convert?
+      modifies this
+      ensures OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership)
+      decreases e, 0
+    {
+      var Convert(expr, fromTpe, toTpe) := e;
+      if fromTpe == toTpe {
+        var recursiveGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+        r := recursiveGen;
+        r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, recOwned, expectedOwnership);
+        readIdents := recIdents;
+      } else {
+        match (fromTpe, toTpe) {
+          case (_, UserDefined(ResolvedType(_, _, Newtype(b, range, erase), attributes, _, _))) => {
+            r, resultingOwnership, readIdents := GenExprConvertToNewtype(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+          }
+          case (UserDefined(ResolvedType(_, _, Newtype(b, range, erase), attributes, _, _)), _) => {
+            r, resultingOwnership, readIdents := GenExprConvertFromNewtype(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+          }
+          case (Primitive(Int), Primitive(Real)) => {
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            r := R.RcNew(R.RawExpr("::dafny_runtime::BigRational::from_integer(" + recursiveGen.ToString(IND) + ")"));
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+          }
+          case (Primitive(Real), Primitive(Int)) => {
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+            r := R.RawExpr("::dafny_runtime::dafny_rational_to_int(" + recursiveGen.ToString(IND) + ")");
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+          }
+          case (Primitive(Int), Passthrough(_)) => {
+            var rhsType := GenType(toTpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            r := R.RawExpr("<" + rhsType.ToString(IND) + " as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(" + recursiveGen.ToString(IND) + ").unwrap()");
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+          }
+          case (Passthrough(_), Primitive(Int)) => {
+            var rhsType := GenType(fromTpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            r := R.RawExpr("::dafny_runtime::DafnyInt::new(::std::rc::Rc::new(::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(" + recursiveGen.ToString(IND) + ")))");
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+          }
+          case (Primitive(Int), Primitive(Char)) => {
+            var rhsType := GenType(toTpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            r := R.RawExpr("::dafny_runtime::" + DafnyChar + "(" + (if charType.UTF32? then "char::from_u32(<u32" else "<u16") + " as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(" + recursiveGen.ToString(IND) + ").unwrap())" + if charType.UTF32? then ".unwrap())" else "");
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+          }
+          case (Primitive(Char), Primitive(Int)) => {
+            var rhsType := GenType(fromTpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("int!").AsExpr().Apply1(recursiveGen.Sel("0"));
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+          }
+          case (Passthrough(_), Passthrough(_)) => {
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            var toTpeGen := GenType(toTpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+
+            r := R.RawExpr("((" + recursiveGen.ToString(IND) + ") as " + toTpeGen.ToString(IND) + ")");
+
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+          }
+          case _ => {
+            r, resultingOwnership, readIdents := GenExprConvertOther(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      assert OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    method GenIdent(
+      rName: string,
+      selfIdent: SelfInfo,
+      env: Environment,
+      expectedOwnership: Ownership
+    ) returns (r: R.Expr, resultingOwnership: Ownership, readIdents: set<string>)
+      modifies this
+      ensures OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership)
+    {
+      r := R.Identifier(rName);
+      var tpe := env.GetType(rName);
+      var placeboOpt := if tpe.Some? then tpe.value.ExtractMaybePlacebo() else None;
+      var currentlyBorrowed := env.IsBorrowed(rName); // Otherwise names are owned
+      var noNeedOfClone := env.CanReadWithoutClone(rName);
+      if placeboOpt.Some? {
+        r := r.Sel("read").Apply([]);
+        currentlyBorrowed := false;
+        noNeedOfClone := true; // No need to clone it, it's already owned
+        tpe := Some(placeboOpt.value);
+      }
+      if expectedOwnership == OwnershipAutoBorrowed {
+        resultingOwnership := if currentlyBorrowed then OwnershipBorrowed else OwnershipOwned;
+        // No need to do anything
+      } else if expectedOwnership == OwnershipBorrowedMut {
+        if rName == "self" {
+          resultingOwnership := OwnershipBorrowedMut;
+        } else {
+          if tpe.Some? && tpe.value.IsObjectOrPointer() {
+            r := modify_macro.Apply1(r);
           } else {
-            isOwned := false;
+            r := R.BorrowMut(r); // Needs to be explicit for out-parameters on methods
           }
+        }
+        resultingOwnership := OwnershipBorrowedMut;
+      } else if expectedOwnership == OwnershipOwned {
+        var needObjectFromRef :=
+          selfIdent.ThisTyped? && selfIdent.IsSelf() && selfIdent.rSelfName == rName &&
+          match selfIdent.dafnyType {
+            case UserDefined(ResolvedType(_, _, base, attributes, _, _)) =>
+              base.Class? || base.Trait?
+            case _ => false
+          };
+        if needObjectFromRef {
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("Object").AsExpr().ApplyType([R.RawType("_")]).FSel("from_ref").Apply([r]);
+        } else {
+          if !noNeedOfClone {
+            r := r.Clone(); // We don't transfer the ownership of an identifier
+          }
+        }
+        resultingOwnership := OwnershipOwned;
+      } else if expectedOwnership == OwnershipOwnedBox {
+        if !noNeedOfClone {
+          r := r.Clone(); // We don't transfer the ownership of an identifier
+        }
+        r := R.BoxNew(r);
+        resultingOwnership := OwnershipOwnedBox;
+      } else if currentlyBorrowed {
+        assert expectedOwnership == OwnershipBorrowed;
+        resultingOwnership := OwnershipBorrowed;
+      } else {
+        assert expectedOwnership == OwnershipBorrowed;
+        if rName != "self" {
+          // It's currently owned. If it's a pointer, we need to convert it to a borrow
+          if tpe.Some? && tpe.value.IsPointer() {
+            r := read_macro.Apply1(r);
+          } else {
+            r := R.Borrow(r); // Needs to be explicit for out-parameters on methods
+          }
+        }
+        resultingOwnership := OwnershipBorrowed;
+      }
+      readIdents := {rName};
+      return;
+    }
 
-          isErased := false;
+    predicate HasExternAttributeRenamingModule(attributes: seq<Attribute>) {
+      exists attribute <- attributes :: attribute.name == "extern" && |attribute.args| == 2
+    }
 
-          readIdents := {name};
+    method GenArgs(
+      ghost e: Option<Expression>,
+      selfIdent: SelfInfo,
+      name: CallName,
+      typeArgs: seq<Type>,
+      args: seq<Expression>,
+      env: Environment
+    ) returns (argExprs: seq<R.Expr>, readIdents: set<string>, typeExprs: seq<R.Type>, fullNameQualifier: Option<ResolvedType>)
+      modifies this
+      requires e.Some? ==> forall a <- args :: a < e.value
+      decreases if e.Some? then e.value else if |args| > 0 then args[0] else Expression.Tuple([]), 1, 1
+      ensures fullNameQualifier.Some? ==> name.CallName?
+    {
+      argExprs := [];
+      readIdents := {};
+      var signature :=
+        if name.CallName? then
+          if name.receiverArg.Some? && name.receiverAsArgument then
+            [name.receiverArg.value] + name.signature.parameters
+          else
+            name.signature.parameters
+        else
+          [];
+      for i := 0 to |args| {
+        var argOwnership := OwnershipBorrowed;
+        if i < |signature| {
+          var tpe := GenType(signature[i].typ, GenTypeContext.default());
+          if tpe.CanReadWithoutClone() {
+            argOwnership := OwnershipOwned;
+          }
         }
-        case Companion(path) => {
-          s := GenPath(path);
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := true;
+        assume {:axiom} args[i] < if e.Some? then e.value else if |args| > 0 then args[0] else Expression.Tuple([]);
+        var argExpr, _, argIdents := GenExpr(args[i], selfIdent, env, argOwnership);
+        argExprs := argExprs + [argExpr];
+        readIdents := readIdents + argIdents;
+      }
+
+      typeExprs := [];
+      for typeI := 0 to |typeArgs| {
+        var typeExpr := GenType(typeArgs[typeI], GenTypeContext.default());
+        typeExprs := typeExprs + [typeExpr];
+      }
+
+      match name {
+        // Calls on traits should be fully specified as we can't guarantee traits will be in context
+        // Calls on non-traits should be also fully specified if the method is not found in the definition of that type
+        case CallName(nameIdent, Some(UserDefined(resolvedType)), _, _, _) =>
+          if resolvedType.kind.Trait? || forall m <- resolvedType.properMethods :: m != nameIdent {
+            fullNameQualifier := Some(TraitTypeContainingMethod(resolvedType, nameIdent.dafny_name).GetOr(resolvedType));
+          } else {
+            fullNameQualifier := None;
+          }
+        case _ =>
+          fullNameQualifier := None;
+      }
+
+      // If we are in the same context as the trait on which we are making a method call,
+      // we don't need to know the type of self.
+      // One exception is if the method has an extern attribute with two arguments, in which case
+      // we don't simplify it.
+      if && fullNameQualifier.Some?
+         && selfIdent.ThisTyped? && selfIdent.dafnyType.UserDefined?
+         && IsSameResolvedType(selfIdent.dafnyType.resolved, fullNameQualifier.value)
+         && !HasExternAttributeRenamingModule(fullNameQualifier.value.attributes) {
+        fullNameQualifier := None; // We can just use the "infix" annotation
+      }
+    }
+
+    function GetMethodName(on: Expression, name: CallName): string {
+      match name {
+        case CallName(ident, _, _, _, _) =>
+          if on.ExternCompanion? then ident.dafny_name else escapeName(ident)
+        case MapBuilderAdd() | SetBuilderAdd() => "add"
+        case MapBuilderBuild() | SetBuilderBuild() => "build"
+      }
+    }
+
+    method GenExpr(
+      e: Expression,
+      selfIdent: SelfInfo,
+      env: Environment,
+      expectedOwnership: Ownership
+    ) returns (r: R.Expr, resultingOwnership: Ownership, readIdents: set<string>)
+      ensures OwnershipGuarantee(expectedOwnership, resultingOwnership)
+      modifies this
+      decreases e, 1 {
+      match e {
+        case Literal(_) =>
+          r, resultingOwnership, readIdents :=
+            GenExprLiteral(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+        case Ident(name) => {
+          r, resultingOwnership, readIdents := GenIdent(escapeVar(name), selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+        }
+        case ExternCompanion(path) => {
+          r := GenPathExpr(path, false);
+
+          if expectedOwnership == OwnershipBorrowed {
+            resultingOwnership := OwnershipBorrowed;
+          } else if expectedOwnership == OwnershipOwned {
+            resultingOwnership := OwnershipOwned;
+          } else {
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          }
+          readIdents := {};
+          return;
+        }
+        case Companion(path, typeArgs) => {
+          r := GenPathExpr(path);
+          if |typeArgs| > 0 {
+            var typeExprs := [];
+            for i := 0 to |typeArgs| {
+              var typeExpr := GenType(typeArgs[i], GenTypeContext.default());
+              typeExprs := typeExprs + [typeExpr];
+            }
+            r := r.ApplyType(typeExprs);
+          }
+          if expectedOwnership == OwnershipBorrowed {
+            resultingOwnership := OwnershipBorrowed;
+          } else if expectedOwnership == OwnershipOwned {
+            resultingOwnership := OwnershipOwned;
+          } else {
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          }
           readIdents := {};
+          return;
         }
         case InitializationValue(typ) => {
-          var typString := GenType(typ, false, false);
-          s := "<" + typString + " as std::default::Default>::default()";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          var typExpr := GenType(typ, GenTypeContext.default());
+          if typExpr.IsObjectOrPointer() {
+            r := typExpr.ToNullExpr();
+          } else {
+            r := R.RawExpr("<" + typExpr.ToString(IND) + " as std::default::Default>::default()");
+          }
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := {};
+          return;
         }
         case Tuple(values) => {
-          s := "(";
+          var exprs := [];
           readIdents := {};
 
-          var i := 0;
-          while i < |values| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              s := s + " ";
-            }
-
-            var recursiveGen, _, isErased, recIdents := GenExpr(values[i], selfIdent, params, true);
-            if isErased {
-              recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-            }
-
-            s := s + recursiveGen + ",";
+          for i := 0 to |values| {
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(values[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            exprs := exprs + [recursiveGen];
             readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
-
-            i := i + 1;
           }
-          s := s + ")";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          r := if |values| <= R.MAX_TUPLE_SIZE then R.Tuple(exprs) else R.SystemTuple(exprs);
+
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
         case New(path, typeArgs, args) => {
-          var path := GenPath(path);
-          s := "::std::rc::Rc::new(" + path;
+          // args are provided if it is an extern type
+          r := GenPathExpr(path);
           if |typeArgs| > 0 {
-            s := s + "::<";
-            var i := 0;
-            while i < |typeArgs| {
-              if i > 0 {
-                s := s + "::";
-              }
-
-              var typeString := GenType(typeArgs[i], false, false);
-              s := s + typeString;
-
-              i := i + 1;
+            var typeExprs := [];
+            for i := 0 to |typeArgs| {
+              var typeExpr := GenType(typeArgs[i], GenTypeContext.default());
+              typeExprs := typeExprs + [typeExpr];
             }
-            s := s + ">";
+            r := r.ApplyType(typeExprs);
           }
-          s := s + "::new(";
+          r := r.FSel(allocate_fn);
+
           readIdents := {};
-          var i := 0;
-          while i < |args| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              s := s + ", ";
+          var arguments := [];
+          for i := 0 to |args| {
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(args[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            arguments := arguments + [recursiveGen];
+            readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
+          }
+          r := r.Apply(arguments);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
+        }
+        case NewUninitArray(dims, typ) => {
+          if 16 < |dims| {
+            var msg := "Unsupported: Creation of arrays of more than 16 dimensions";
+            if this.error.None? {
+              this.error := Some(msg);
             }
-
-            var recursiveGen, _, isErased, recIdents := GenExpr(args[i], selfIdent, params, true);
-            if isErased {
-              recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(" + recursiveGen + ")";
+            r := R.RawExpr(msg);
+            readIdents := {};
+          } else {
+            r := R.RawExpr("");
+            var typeGen := GenType(typ, GenTypeContext.default());
+            readIdents := {};
+            var dimExprs := [];
+            for i := 0 to |dims| invariant |dimExprs| == i {
+              var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(dims[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+              dimExprs := dimExprs + [R.IntoUsize(recursiveGen)];
+              readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
+            }
+            if |dims| > 1 {
+              var class_name := "Array" + Strings.OfNat(|dims|);
+              r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(class_name).AsExpr().ApplyType([typeGen]).FSel(placebos_usize).Apply(dimExprs);
+            } else {
+              r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("array").AsExpr().FSel(placebos_usize).ApplyType([typeGen]).Apply(dimExprs);
             }
-            s := s + recursiveGen;
-            readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
-
-            i := i + 1;
           }
-          s := s + "))";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := true;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
         }
-        case NewArray(dims, typ) => {
-          var i := |dims| - 1;
-          var genTyp := GenType(typ, false, false);
-          s := "<" + genTyp + " as ::std::default::Default>::default()";
-          readIdents := {};
-          while i >= 0 {
-            var recursiveGen, _, isErased, recIdents := GenExpr(dims[i], selfIdent, params, true);
-            if !isErased {
-              recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + recursiveGen + ")";
+        case ArrayIndexToInt(underlying) => {
+          var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(underlying, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("int!").AsExpr().Apply1(recursiveGen);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+        }
+        case FinalizeNewArray(underlying, typ) => {
+          var tpe := GenType(typ, GenTypeContext.default());
+          var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(underlying, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
+          if tpe.IsObjectOrPointer() {
+            var t := tpe.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+            if t.Array? {
+              r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("array").AsExpr().FSel(array_construct).Apply1(recursiveGen);
+            } else if t.IsMultiArray() {
+              var c := t.MultiArrayClass();
+              r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel(c).AsExpr().FSel(array_construct).Apply1(recursiveGen);
+            } else {
+              error := Some("Finalize New Array with a pointer or object type to something that is not an array or a multi array: " + tpe.ToString(IND));
+              r := R.RawExpr(error.value);
             }
-
-            s := "::std::rc::Rc::new(::std::cell::RefCell::new(vec![" + s + "; <usize as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(" + recursiveGen + ").unwrap()]))";
-            readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
-
-            i := i - 1;
+          } else {
+            error := Some("Finalize New Array with a type that is not a pointer or an object: " + tpe.ToString(IND));
+            r := R.RawExpr(error.value);
           }
-
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
         }
-        case DatatypeValue(path, typeArgs, variant, isCo, values) => {
-          var path := GenPath(path);
-          s := "::std::rc::Rc::new(" + path + "::";
+        case DatatypeValue(datatypeType, typeArgs, variant, isCo, values) => {
+          r := GenPathExpr(datatypeType.path);
+          var genTypeArgs := [];
+          for i := 0 to |typeArgs| {
+            var typeExpr := GenType(typeArgs[i], GenTypeContext.default());
+            genTypeArgs := genTypeArgs + [typeExpr];
+          }
           if |typeArgs| > 0 {
-            s := s + "<";
-            var i := 0;
-            while i < |typeArgs| {
-              if i > 0 {
-                s := s + ", ";
-              }
-
-              var typeString := GenType(typeArgs[i], false, false);
-              s := s + typeString;
-
-              i := i + 1;
-            }
-            s := s + ">::";
+            r := r.ApplyType(genTypeArgs);
           }
-          s := s + escapeIdent(variant);
+          r := r.FSel(escapeName(variant));
           readIdents := {};
 
-          var i := 0;
-          s := s + " {";
-          while i < |values| {
+          var assignments: seq<R.AssignIdentifier> := [];
+          for i := 0 to |values| {
             var (name, value) := values[i];
-            if i > 0 {
-              s := s + ", ";
-            }
 
             if isCo {
-              var recursiveGen, _, isErased, recIdents := GenExpr(value, selfIdent, [], true);
-              if !isErased {
-                recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-              }
-              recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(" + recursiveGen + ")";
+              var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(value, selfIdent, Environment.Empty(), OwnershipOwned);
 
               readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
               var allReadCloned := "";
               while recIdents != {} decreases recIdents {
                 var next: string :| next in recIdents;
-                allReadCloned := allReadCloned + "let " + escapeIdent(next) + " = " + escapeIdent(next) + ".clone();\n";
+                allReadCloned := allReadCloned + "let " + next + " = " + next + ".clone();\n";
                 recIdents := recIdents - {next};
               }
-              s := s + escapeIdent(name) + ": ::dafny_runtime::LazyFieldWrapper(::dafny_runtime::Lazy::new(::std::boxed::Box::new({\n" + allReadCloned + "move || (" + recursiveGen + ")})))";
+              var wasAssigned: string := "::dafny_runtime::LazyFieldWrapper(::dafny_runtime::Lazy::new(::std::boxed::Box::new({\n" + allReadCloned + "move || (" + recursiveGen.ToString(IND) + ")})))";
+              assignments := assignments + [R.AssignIdentifier(escapeVar(name), R.RawExpr(wasAssigned))];
             } else {
-              var recursiveGen, _, isErased, recIdents := GenExpr(value, selfIdent, params, true);
-              if !isErased {
-                recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-              }
-              recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-
-              s := s + escapeIdent(name) + ": " + "(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-              readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
-            }
-            i := i + 1;
-          }
-          s := s + " })";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
-        }
-        case Convert(expr, fromTpe, toTpe) => {
-          if fromTpe == toTpe {
-            var recursiveGen, recOwned, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, mustOwn);
-            s := recursiveGen;
-            isOwned := recOwned;
-            isErased := recErased;
-            readIdents := recIdents;
-          } else {
-            match (fromTpe, toTpe) {
-              case (Nullable(_), _) => {
-                var recursiveGen, recOwned, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, mustOwn);
-                if !recOwned {
-                  recursiveGen := recursiveGen + ".as_ref()";
-                }
-
-                s := recursiveGen + ".unwrap()";
-                isOwned := recOwned;
-                isErased := recErased;
-                readIdents := recIdents;
-              }
-              case (_, Nullable(_)) => {
-                var recursiveGen, recOwned, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, mustOwn);
-                if !recOwned {
-                  recursiveGen := recursiveGen + ".clone()";
-                }
-
-                s := "Some(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-                isOwned := true;
-                isErased := recErased;
-                readIdents := recIdents;
-              }
-              case (_, Path(_, _, Newtype(b))) => {
-                if fromTpe == b {
-                  var recursiveGen, recOwned, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, mustOwn);
-
-                  var rhsType := GenType(toTpe, true, false);
-
-                  var uneraseFn := if recOwned then "unerase_owned" else "unerase";
-                  s := "<" + rhsType + " as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::" + uneraseFn + "(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-                  isOwned := recOwned;
-                  isErased := false;
-                  readIdents := recIdents;
-                } else {
-                  assume {:axiom} Convert(Convert(expr, fromTpe, b), b, toTpe) < e; // make termination go through
-                  s, isOwned, isErased, readIdents := GenExpr(Convert(Convert(expr, fromTpe, b), b, toTpe), selfIdent, params, mustOwn);
-                }
-              }
-              case (Path(_, _, Newtype(b)), _) => {
-                if b == toTpe {
-                  var recursiveGen, recOwned, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, mustOwn);
-                  var uneraseFn := if recOwned then "erase_owned" else "erase";
-                  s := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::" + uneraseFn + "(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-                  isOwned := recOwned;
-                  isErased := true;
-                  readIdents := recIdents;
-                } else {
-                  assume {:axiom} Convert(Convert(expr, fromTpe, b), b, toTpe) < e; // make termination go through
-                  s, isOwned, isErased, readIdents := GenExpr(Convert(Convert(expr, fromTpe, b), b, toTpe), selfIdent, params, mustOwn);
-                }
-              }
-              case (Primitive(Int), Primitive(Real)) => {
-                var recursiveGen, _, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, true);
-                s := "::dafny_runtime::BigRational::from_integer(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-                isOwned := true;
-                isErased := true;
-                readIdents := recIdents;
-              }
-              case (Primitive(Real), Primitive(Int)) => {
-                var recursiveGen, _, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, false);
-                s := "::dafny_runtime::dafny_rational_to_int(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-                isOwned := true;
-                isErased := true;
-                readIdents := recIdents;
-              }
-              case (Primitive(Int), Passthrough(_)) => {
-                var rhsType := GenType(toTpe, true, false);
-                var recursiveGen, _, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, true);
-                s := "<" + rhsType + " as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(" + recursiveGen + ").unwrap()";
-                isOwned := true;
-                isErased := true;
-                readIdents := recIdents;
-              }
-              case (Passthrough(_), Primitive(Int)) => {
-                var rhsType := GenType(fromTpe, true, false);
-                var recursiveGen, _, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, true);
-                s := "::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-                isOwned := true;
-                isErased := true;
-                readIdents := recIdents;
-              }
-              case (Primitive(Int), Primitive(Char)) => {
-                var rhsType := GenType(toTpe, true, false);
-                var recursiveGen, _, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, true);
-                s := "char::from_u32(<u32 as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(" + recursiveGen + ").unwrap()).unwrap()";
-                isOwned := true;
-                isErased := true;
-                readIdents := recIdents;
-              }
-              case (Primitive(Char), Primitive(Int)) => {
-                var rhsType := GenType(fromTpe, true, false);
-                var recursiveGen, _, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, true);
-                s := "::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(" + recursiveGen + " as u32)";
-                isOwned := true;
-                isErased := true;
-                readIdents := recIdents;
-              }
-              case (Passthrough(_), Passthrough(_)) => {
-                var recursiveGen, _, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, true);
-                var toTpeGen := GenType(toTpe, true, false);
+              var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(value, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
 
-                s := "((" + recursiveGen + ") as " + toTpeGen + ")";
-
-                isOwned := true;
-                isErased := true;
-                readIdents := recIdents;
-              }
-              case _ => {
-                var recursiveGen, recOwned, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, mustOwn);
-                s := "(" + recursiveGen + "/* conversion not yet implemented */)";
-                isOwned := recOwned;
-                isErased := recErased;
-                readIdents := recIdents;
-              }
+              assignments := assignments + [R.AssignIdentifier(escapeVar(name), recursiveGen)];
+              readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
             }
           }
+          r := R.StructBuild(r, assignments);
+          if IsRcWrapped(datatypeType.attributes) {
+            r := R.RcNew(r);
+          }
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
+        }
+        case Convert(_, _, _) => {
+          r, resultingOwnership, readIdents :=
+            GenExprConvert(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
         }
         case SeqConstruct(length, expr) => {
-          var recursiveGen, _, eErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, true);
-          var lengthGen, _, lengthErased, lengthIdents := GenExpr(length, selfIdent, params, true);
-          if !lengthErased {
-            lengthGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + lengthGen + ")";
-          }
+          var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          var lengthGen, _, lengthIdents := GenExpr(length, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
 
-          s := "{\nlet _initializer = " + recursiveGen + ";\n::dafny_runtime::integer_range(::dafny_runtime::Zero::zero(), " + lengthGen + ").map(|i| _initializer.0(&i)).collect::<Vec<_>>()\n}";
+          r := R.RawExpr("{\nlet _initializer = " + recursiveGen.ToString(IND) + ";\n::dafny_runtime::integer_range(::dafny_runtime::Zero::zero(), " + lengthGen.ToString(IND) + ").map(|i| _initializer(&i)).collect::<::dafny_runtime::Sequence<_>>()\n}");
 
           readIdents := recIdents + lengthIdents;
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := eErased;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
         case SeqValue(exprs, typ) => {
           readIdents := {};
 
-          var genTpe := GenType(typ, false, false);
+          var genTpe := GenType(typ, GenTypeContext.default());
 
           var i := 0;
-          s := "(vec![";
-          i := 0;
+          var args := [];
           while i < |exprs| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              s := s + ", ";
-            }
-
-            var recursiveGen, _, isErased, recIdents := GenExpr(exprs[i], selfIdent, params, true);
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(exprs[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
             readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
+            args := args + [recursiveGen];
 
-            if isErased {
-              recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-            }
-
-            s := s + recursiveGen;
             i := i + 1;
           }
-          s := s + "] as Vec<" + genTpe + ">)";
-
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("seq!").AsExpr().Apply(args);
+          if |args| == 0 {
+            r := R.TypeAscription(r,
+                                  R.dafny_runtime.MSel("Sequence").AsType().Apply1(genTpe));
+          }
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
         case SetValue(exprs) => {
           var generatedValues := [];
           readIdents := {};
           var i := 0;
-          var allErased := true;
           while i < |exprs| {
-            var recursiveGen, _, isErased, recIdents := GenExpr(exprs[i], selfIdent, params, true);
-            allErased := allErased && isErased;
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(exprs[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
 
-            generatedValues := generatedValues + [(recursiveGen, isErased)];
+            generatedValues := generatedValues + [recursiveGen];
             readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
             i := i + 1;
           }
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("set!").AsExpr().Apply(generatedValues);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
+        }
+        case MultisetValue(exprs) => {
+          var generatedValues := [];
+          readIdents := {};
+          var i := 0;
+          while i < |exprs| {
+            var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(exprs[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
 
-          s := "vec![";
-          i := 0;
-          while i < |generatedValues| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              s := s + ", ";
-            }
-
-            var gen := generatedValues[i].0;
-            if generatedValues[i].1 && !allErased {
-              gen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(" + gen + ")";
-            }
-
-            s := s + gen;
+            generatedValues := generatedValues + [recursiveGen];
+            readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
             i := i + 1;
           }
-          s := s + "].into_iter().collect::<std::collections::HashSet<_>>()";
-
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := allErased;
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("multiset!").AsExpr().Apply(generatedValues);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
+        }
+        case ToMultiset(expr) => {
+          var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+          r := recursiveGen.Sel("as_dafny_multiset").Apply([]);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
         case MapValue(mapElems) => {
           var generatedValues := [];
           readIdents := {};
           var i := 0;
-          var allErased := true;
           while i < |mapElems| {
-            var recursiveGenKey, _, isErasedKey, recIdentsKey := GenExpr(mapElems[i].0, selfIdent, params, true);
-            var recursiveGenValue, _, isErasedValue, recIdentsValue := GenExpr(mapElems[i].1, selfIdent, params, true);
-            allErased := allErased && isErasedKey && isErasedValue;
+            var recursiveGenKey, _, recIdentsKey := GenExpr(mapElems[i].0, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            var recursiveGenValue, _, recIdentsValue := GenExpr(mapElems[i].1, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
 
-            generatedValues := generatedValues + [(recursiveGenKey, recursiveGenValue, isErasedKey, isErasedValue)];
+            generatedValues := generatedValues + [(recursiveGenKey, recursiveGenValue)];
             readIdents := readIdents + recIdentsKey + recIdentsValue;
             i := i + 1;
           }
 
-          s := "vec![";
           i := 0;
+          var arguments := [];
           while i < |generatedValues| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              s := s + ", ";
-            }
-
             var genKey := generatedValues[i].0;
             var genValue := generatedValues[i].1;
-            if generatedValues[i].2 && !allErased {
-              genKey := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(" + genKey + ")";
-            }
-            if generatedValues[i].3 && !allErased {
-              genValue := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(" + genValue + ")";
-            }
 
-            s := s + "(" + genKey + ", " + genValue + ")";
+            arguments := arguments + [R.BinaryOp("=>", genKey, genValue, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat())];
             i := i + 1;
           }
-          s := s + "].into_iter().collect::<std::collections::HashMap<_, _>>()";
-
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := allErased;
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("map!").AsExpr().Apply(arguments);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
+        }
+        case SeqUpdate(expr, index, value) => {
+          var exprR, _, exprIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+          var indexR, indexOwnership, indexIdents := GenExpr(index, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+          var valueR, valueOwnership, valueIdents := GenExpr(value, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+          r := exprR.Sel("update_index").Apply([indexR, valueR]);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          readIdents := exprIdents + indexIdents + valueIdents;
+          return;
+        }
+        case MapUpdate(expr, index, value) => {
+          var exprR, _, exprIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+          var indexR, indexOwnership, indexIdents := GenExpr(index, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+          var valueR, valueOwnership, valueIdents := GenExpr(value, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+          r := exprR.Sel("update_index").Apply([indexR, valueR]);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          readIdents := exprIdents + indexIdents + valueIdents;
+          return;
         }
         case This() => {
           match selfIdent {
-            case Some(id) => {
-              if mustOwn {
-                s := id + ".clone()";
-                isOwned := true;
-              } else {
-                if id == "self" {
-                  s := "self";
-                } else {
-                  s := "&" + id;
-                }
-                isOwned := false;
-              }
-
-              readIdents := {id};
-              isErased := false;
+            case ThisTyped(id, dafnyType) => {
+              r, resultingOwnership, readIdents := GenIdent(id, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
             }
             case None => {
-              s := "panic!(\"this outside of a method\")";
-              isOwned := true;
+              r := R.RawExpr("panic!(\"this outside of a method\")");
+              r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
               readIdents := {};
-              isErased := true;
             }
           }
+          return;
         }
         case Ite(cond, t, f) => {
-          var condString, _, condErased, recIdentsCond := GenExpr(cond, selfIdent, params, true);
-          if !condErased {
-            condString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + condString + ")";
-          }
+          // If then else expressions cannot recurse to return something borrowed in their branches
+          // because sometimes the lifetime would be the one of a local variable.
+          // Hence we need to return owned values.
+          assert {:split_here} true;
+          var cond, _, recIdentsCond := GenExpr(cond, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
 
-          var _, tHasToBeOwned, _, _ := GenExpr(t, selfIdent, params, mustOwn); // check if t has to be owned even if not requested
-          var fString, fOwned, fErased, recIdentsF := GenExpr(f, selfIdent, params, tHasToBeOwned);
-          var tString, _, tErased, recIdentsT := GenExpr(t, selfIdent, params, fOwned); // there's a chance that f forced ownership
-
-          if !fErased || !tErased {
-            if fErased {
-              fString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + fString + ")";
-            }
+          var fExpr, fOwned, recIdentsF := GenExpr(f, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          var tExpr, _, recIdentsT := GenExpr(t, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned); // there's a chance that f forced ownership
 
-            if tErased {
-              tString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + tString + ")";
-            }
-          }
+          r := R.IfExpr(cond, tExpr, fExpr);
 
-          s := "(if " + condString + " {\n" + tString + "\n} else {\n" + fString + "\n})";
-          isOwned := fOwned;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, OwnershipOwned, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdentsCond + recIdentsT + recIdentsF;
-          isErased := fErased || tErased;
+          return;
         }
-        case UnOp(Not, e) => {
-          var recursiveGen, _, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(e, selfIdent, params, true);
-          if !recErased {
-            recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-          }
+        case UnOp(Not, e, format) => {
+          var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(e, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
 
-          s := "!(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-          isOwned := true;
+          r := R.UnaryOp("!", recursiveGen, format);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdents;
-          isErased := true;
+          return;
         }
-        case UnOp(BitwiseNot, e) => {
-          var recursiveGen, _, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(e, selfIdent, params, true);
-          if !recErased {
-            recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-          }
+        case UnOp(BitwiseNot, e, format) => {
+          var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(e, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
 
-          s := "~(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-          isOwned := true;
+          r := R.UnaryOp("~", recursiveGen, format);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdents;
-          isErased := true;
+          return;
         }
-        case UnOp(Cardinality, e) => {
-          var recursiveGen, recOwned, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(e, selfIdent, params, false);
-          if !recErased {
-            var eraseFn := if recOwned then "erase_owned" else "erase";
-            recursiveGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::" + eraseFn + "(" + recursiveGen + ")";
-          }
+        case UnOp(Cardinality, e, format) => {
+          var recursiveGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(e, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
 
-          s := "::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from((" + recursiveGen + ").len())";
-          isOwned := true;
+          r := recursiveGen.Sel("cardinality").Apply([]);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdents;
-          isErased := true;
+          return;
         }
-        case BinOp(op, l, r) => {
-          var left, _, leftErased, recIdentsL := GenExpr(l, selfIdent, params, true);
-          var right, _, rightErased, recIdentsR := GenExpr(r, selfIdent, params, true);
-
-          match op {
-            case Implies() => {
-              if !leftErased {
-                left := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + left + ")";
-              }
-              if !rightErased {
-                right := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + right + ")";
+        case BinOp(_, _, _, _) =>
+          r, resultingOwnership, readIdents :=
+            GenExprBinary(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership);
+        case ArrayLen(expr, exprType, dim, native) => {
+          var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          var arrayType := GenType(exprType, GenTypeContext.default());
+
+          if !arrayType.IsObjectOrPointer() {
+            var msg := "Array length of something not an array but " + arrayType.ToString(IND);
+            this.error := Some(msg);
+            r := R.RawExpr(msg);
+          } else {
+            var underlying := arrayType.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+            if dim == 0 && underlying.Array? {
+              r := read_macro.Apply1(recursiveGen).Sel("len").Apply([]);
+            } else {
+              if dim == 0 {
+                r := read_macro.Apply1(recursiveGen).Sel("data").Sel("len").Apply([]);
+              } else {
+                r := read_macro.Apply1(recursiveGen).Sel("length" + Strings.OfNat(dim) + "_usize").Apply([]);
               }
-              s := "!(" + left + ") || " + right;
-            }
-            case In() => {
-              s := right + ".contains(&" + left + ")";
             }
-            case NotIn() => {
-              s := "!(" + right + ".contains(&" + left + "))";
-            }
-            case SetDifference() => {
-              s := left + ".difference(&" + right + ").cloned().collect::<::std::collections::HashSet<_>>()";
-            }
-            case Concat() => {
-              s := "[" + left + ", " + right + "].concat()";
-            }
-            case _ => {
-              if !leftErased {
-                left := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + left + ")";
-              }
-
-              if !rightErased {
-                right := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + right + ")";
-              }
-
-              match op {
-                case Eq(referential, nullable) => {
-                  if (referential) {
-                    if (nullable) {
-                      s := "::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality(" + left + ", " + right + ")";
-                    } else {
-                      s := "::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&(" + left + "), &(" + right + "))";
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s := left + " == " + right;
-                  }
-                }
-                case Neq(referential, nullable) => {
-                  if (referential) {
-                    if (nullable) {
-                      s := "!::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality(" + left + ", " + right + ")";
-                    } else {
-                      s := "!::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&(" + left + "), &(" + right + "))";
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s := left + " != " + right;
-                  }
-                }
-                case EuclidianDiv() => {
-                  s := "::dafny_runtime::euclidian_division(" + left + ", " + right + ")";
-                }
-                case Div() => {
-                  s := "(" + left + ") / (" + right + ")";
-                }
-                case EuclidianMod() => {
-                  s := "::dafny_runtime::euclidian_modulo(" + left + ", " + right + ")";
-                }
-                case Mod() => {
-                  s := "(" + left + ") % (" + right + ")";
-                }
-                case Passthrough(op) => {
-                  s := "(" + left + " " + op + " " + right + ")";
-                }
-              }
+            if !native {
+              r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("int!").AsExpr().Apply1(r);
             }
           }
-
-          isOwned := true;
-          readIdents := recIdentsL + recIdentsR;
-          isErased := true;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
+          return;
         }
-        case ArrayLen(expr, dim) => {
-          var recursiveGen, _, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, params, true);
-
-          if dim == 0 {
-            s := "::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from((" + recursiveGen + ").borrow().len())";
-          } else {
-            s := "::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(m.borrow().len())";
-            var i := 1;
-            while i < dim {
-              s := "m.borrow().get(0).map(|m| " + s + ").unwrap_or(::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(0))";
-              i := i + 1;
-            }
-
-            s := "(" + recursiveGen + ")" + ".borrow().get(0).map(|m| " + s + ").unwrap_or(::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(0))";
-          }
-
-          isOwned := true;
+        case MapKeys(expr) => {
+          var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
+          r := recursiveGen.Sel("keys").Apply([]);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
+        }
+        case MapValues(expr) => {
+          var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
           readIdents := recIdents;
-          isErased := true;
+          r := recursiveGen.Sel("values").Apply([]);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
-        case SelectFn(on, field, isDatatype, isStatic, arity) => {
-          var onString, onOwned, _, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, params, false);
+        case MapItems(expr) => {
+          var recursiveGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
+          r := recursiveGen.Sel("items").Apply([]);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
+        }
+        case SelectFn(on, field, isDatatype, isStatic, isConstant, arguments) => {
+          // Transforms a function member into a lambda
+          var onExpr, onOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+          var s: string;
+          var onString := onExpr.ToString(IND);
 
           if isStatic {
-            s := onString + "::" + escapeIdent(field);
+            // Generates |x0: &tp0, ...xn: &tpn| on::field(x0, .... xn) (possibly with some .clone())
+            var lEnv := env;
+            var args := [];
+            s := "|";
+            for i := 0 to |arguments| {
+              if i > 0 {
+                s := s + ", ";
+              }
+              var ty := GenType(arguments[i], GenTypeContext.default());
+              var bTy := R.Borrowed(ty);
+              var name := "x" + Strings.OfInt(i);
+              lEnv := lEnv.AddAssigned(name, bTy);
+
+              args := args + [(name, ty)];
+              s := s + name + ": " + bTy.ToString(IND);
+            }
+            s := s + "| " + onString + "::" + escapeVar(field) + (if isConstant then "()" else "") + "(";
+            for i := 0 to |args| {
+              if i > 0 {
+                s := s + ", ";
+              }
+              var (name, ty) := args[i];
+              var rIdent, _, _ := GenIdent(name, selfIdent, lEnv, if ty.CanReadWithoutClone() then OwnershipOwned else OwnershipBorrowed);
+              s := s + rIdent.ToString(IND);
+            }
+            s := s + ")";
           } else {
+            // Generates
+            // {
+            //   let callTarget = (on); //or (on.clone()) if it was owned.
+            //   move |arg0, ...argn| {
+            //     callTarget.field(arg0, .... argn) (possibly with some .clone())
+            //   }
+            // }
             s := "{\n";
-            s := s + "let callTarget = (" + onString + (if onOwned then ")" else ").clone()") + ";\n";
+            s := s + "let callTarget = (" + onString + (if onOwned == OwnershipOwned then ")" else ").clone()") + ";\n";
             var args := "";
             var i := 0;
-            while i < arity {
+            while i < |arguments| {
               if i > 0 {
                 args := args + ", ";
               }
@@ -2301,14 +5109,15 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
               i := i + 1;
             }
             s := s + "move |" + args + "| {\n";
-            s := s + "callTarget." + field + "(" + args + ")\n";
+            s := s + "callTarget." + escapeVar(field) +
+            (if isConstant then "()" else "") + "(" + args + ")\n";
             s := s + "}\n";
             s := s + "}";
           }
 
           var typeShape := "dyn ::std::ops::Fn(";
           var i := 0;
-          while i < arity {
+          while i < |arguments| {
             if i > 0 {
               typeShape := typeShape + ", ";
             }
@@ -2318,420 +5127,509 @@ module {:extern "DCOMP"} DCOMP {
 
           typeShape := typeShape + ") -> _";
 
-          s := "::dafny_runtime::FunctionWrapper(::std::rc::Rc::new(" + s + ") as ::std::rc::Rc<" + typeShape + ">)";
-
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          s := "::std::rc::Rc::new(" + s + ") as ::std::rc::Rc<" + typeShape + ">";
+          r := R.RawExpr(s);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdents;
+          return;
         }
-        case Select(Companion(c), field, isConstant, isDatatype) => {
-          var onString, onOwned, onErased, recIdents := GenExpr(Companion(c), selfIdent, params, false);
+        case Select(on, field, isConstant, isDatatype, fieldType) => {
+          if on.Companion? || on.ExternCompanion? {
+            var onExpr, onOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
 
-          s := onString + "::" + escapeIdent(field) + "()";
+            r := onExpr.FSel(escapeVar(field)).Apply([]);
 
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
-          readIdents := recIdents;
-        }
-        case Select(on, field, isConstant, isDatatype) => {
-          var onString, onOwned, onErased, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, params, false);
-          if isDatatype || isConstant {
-            s := "(" + onString + ")" + "." + escapeIdent(field) + "()";
-            if isConstant {
-              s := "&" + s;
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+            return;
+          } else if isDatatype {
+            var onExpr, onOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+            r := onExpr.Sel(escapeVar(field)).Apply([]);
+            var typ := GenType(fieldType, GenTypeContext.default());
+            // All fields are returned as addresses for now until we have something more clever
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, OwnershipBorrowed, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
+          } else {
+            var onExpr, onOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+            r := onExpr;
+            if onExpr != R.self {// self are already borrowed or mutably borrowed
+              match onExpr { // Special case, the constructor.
+                case UnaryOp("&", Identifier("this"), _) =>
+                  r := R.Identifier("this");
+                case _ =>
+              }
+              if pointerType.Raw? {
+                r := read_macro.Apply1(r);
+              } else {
+                r := r.Clone();
+                r := modify_macro.Apply1(r); // Functions have to take &mut because of upcasting
+              }
             }
-
-            if mustOwn {
-              s := "(" + s + ").clone()";
-              isOwned := true;
-            } else {
-              isOwned := false;
+            r := r.Sel(escapeVar(field));
+            if isConstant {
+              r := r.Apply([]);
             }
-          } else {
-            s := "::std::ops::Deref::deref(&((" + onString + ")" + "." + escapeIdent(field) + ".borrow()))";
-            s := "(" + s + ").clone()"; // TODO(shadaj): think through when we can avoid cloning
-            isOwned := true;
+            r := r.Clone(); // self could be &mut, so to avoid any borrow checker problem, we clone the value.
+            r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+            readIdents := recIdents;
           }
-
-          isErased := false;
-          readIdents := recIdents;
+          return;
         }
         case Index(on, collKind, indices) => {
-          var onString, onOwned, onErased, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, params, false);
+          assert {:split_here} true;
+          var onExpr, onOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
           readIdents := recIdents;
-          // if !onErased {
-          //   var eraseFn := if onOwned then "erase_owned" else "erase";
-          //   onString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::" + eraseFn + "(" + onString + ")";
-          // }
-
-          s := onString;
-
-          var i := 0;
-          while i < |indices| {
-            if collKind == CollKind.Array {
-              s := "(" + s + ").borrow()";
+          r := onExpr;
+
+          var hadArray := false;
+          if collKind == CollKind.Array {
+            r := read_macro.Apply1(r);
+            hadArray := true;
+            if |indices| > 1 {
+              r := r.Sel("data");
             }
-
-            if collKind == CollKind.Map {
-              var idx, idxOwned, idxErased, recIdentsIdx := GenExpr(indices[i], selfIdent, params, false);
-              s := "(" + s + ")[" + (if idxOwned then "&" else "") + idx + "]";
+          }
+          for i := 0 to |indices| {
+            if collKind == CollKind.Array {
+              var idx, idxOwned, recIdentsIdx := GenExpr(indices[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+              idx := R.IntoUsize(idx);
+              r := R.SelectIndex(r, idx);
               readIdents := readIdents + recIdentsIdx;
-            } else {
-              var idx, _, idxErased, recIdentsIdx := GenExpr(indices[i], selfIdent, params, true);
-              if !idxErased {
-                idx := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + idx + ")";
-              }
-
-              s := "(" + s + ")[<usize as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(" + idx + ").unwrap()]";
+            } else { // Sequence, Maps
+              var idx, idxOwned, recIdentsIdx := GenExpr(indices[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+              r := r.Sel("get").Apply1(idx);
               readIdents := readIdents + recIdentsIdx;
             }
-
-            i := i + 1;
           }
-
-          if mustOwn {
-            s := "(" + s + ").clone()";
-            isOwned := true;
-          } else {
-            s := "(&" + s + ")";
-            isOwned := false;
+          if hadArray {
+            r := r.Clone();
           }
-
-          isErased := onErased;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
         case IndexRange(on, isArray, low, high) => {
-          var onString, onOwned, onErased, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, params, false);
+          var onExpectedOwnership :=
+            if isArray then
+              if pointerType.Raw? then
+                OwnershipOwned
+              else
+                OwnershipBorrowed
+            else
+              OwnershipAutoBorrowed;
+          var onExpr, onOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, onExpectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdents;
 
-          s := onString;
+          var methodName := if low.Some? then
+            if high.Some? then "slice" else "drop"
+          else if high.Some? then "take" else "";
 
-          var lowString := None;
+          var arguments := [];
           match low {
             case Some(l) => {
-              var lString, _, lErased, recIdentsL := GenExpr(l, selfIdent, params, true);
-              if !lErased {
-                lString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + lString + ")";
-              }
-
-              lowString := Some(lString);
+              var lExpr, _, recIdentsL := GenExpr(l, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+              arguments := arguments + [lExpr];
               readIdents := readIdents + recIdentsL;
             }
             case None => {}
           }
 
-          var highString := None;
           match high {
             case Some(h) => {
-              var hString, _, hErased, recIdentsH := GenExpr(h, selfIdent, params, true);
-              if !hErased {
-                hString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + hString + ")";
-              }
-
-              highString := Some(hString);
+              var hExpr, _, recIdentsH := GenExpr(h, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+              arguments := arguments + [hExpr];
               readIdents := readIdents + recIdentsH;
             }
             case None => {}
           }
 
+          r := onExpr;
           if isArray {
-            s := "(" + s + ").borrow()";
+            if methodName != "" {
+              methodName := "_" + methodName;
+            }
+            var object_suffix :=
+              if pointerType.Raw? then "" else "_object";
+            r := R.dafny_runtime_Sequence.FSel("from_array"+methodName+object_suffix).Apply([onExpr] + arguments);
+          } else {
+            if methodName != "" {
+              r := r.Sel(methodName).Apply(arguments);
+            } else {
+              r := r.Clone();
+            }
           }
-
-          s := "(" + s + ")" + "[" + (match lowString {
-                                        case Some(l) => "<usize as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(" + l + ").unwrap()"
-                                        case None => ""
-                                      }) + ".." + (match highString {
-                                                     case Some(h) => "<usize as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(" + h + ").unwrap()"
-                                                     case None => ""
-                                                   }) + "]";
-
-          isErased := onErased;
-
-          s := "(" + s + ".to_vec())";
-          isOwned := true;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
-        case TupleSelect(on, idx) => {
-          var onString, _, tupErased, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, params, false);
-          s := "(" + onString + ")." + Strings.OfNat(idx);
-          if mustOwn {
-            s := "(" + s + ")" + ".clone()";
-            isOwned := true;
-          } else {
-            s := "&" + s;
-            isOwned := false;
+        case TupleSelect(on, idx, fieldType) => {
+          var onExpr, onOwnership, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+          var selName := Strings.OfNat(idx); // Rust tuples
+          match fieldType {
+            case Tuple(tps) =>
+              if fieldType.Tuple? && |tps| > R.MAX_TUPLE_SIZE {
+                selName := "_" + selName; // R.SystemTuple
+              }
+            case _ =>
           }
-          isErased := tupErased;
+          r := onExpr.Sel(selName).Clone(); // If we don't clone, we would move out that field
+          // even if "on" was borrowed, the field is always owned so we need to explicitly borrow it depending on the use case.
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, OwnershipOwned, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdents;
+          return;
         }
         case Call(on, name, typeArgs, args) => {
-          readIdents := {};
+          var argExprs, recIdents, typeExprs, fullNameQualifier := GenArgs(Some(e), selfIdent, name, typeArgs, args, env);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
 
-          var typeArgString := "";
-          if (|typeArgs| >= 1) {
-            var typeI := 0;
-            typeArgString := "::<";
-            while typeI < |typeArgs| {
-              if typeI > 0 {
-                typeArgString := typeArgString + ", ";
+          match fullNameQualifier {
+            // Trait calls are fully specified as we can't guarantee traits will be in context
+            case Some(ResolvedType(path, onTypeArgs, base, _, _, _)) =>
+              var fullPath := GenPathExpr(path);
+              var onTypeExprs := GenTypeArgs(onTypeArgs, GenTypeContext.default());
+              var onExpr, recOwnership, recIdents;
+              if base.Trait? || base.Class? {
+                onExpr, recOwnership, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+                if pointerType.Raw? {
+                  onExpr := read_macro.Apply1(onExpr);
+                } else {
+                  onExpr := modify_macro.Apply1(onExpr);
+                }
+                readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
+              } else {
+                var expectedOnOwnership := if pointerType.Raw? then OwnershipBorrowed else OwnershipBorrowedMut;
+                onExpr, recOwnership, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, expectedOnOwnership);
+                readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
               }
-
-              var typeString := GenType(typeArgs[typeI], false, false);
-              typeArgString := typeArgString + typeString;
-
-              typeI := typeI + 1;
-            }
-            typeArgString := typeArgString + ">";
-          }
-
-          var argString := "";
-          var i := 0;
-          while i < |args| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              argString := argString + ", ";
-            }
-
-            var argExpr, isOwned, argErased, argIdents := GenExpr(args[i], selfIdent, params, false);
-            if isOwned {
-              argExpr := "&(" + argExpr + ")";
-            }
-
-            if !argErased {
-              argExpr := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase(" + argExpr + ")";
-            }
-            argExpr := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::unerase(" + argExpr + ")";
-
-            argString := argString + argExpr;
-            readIdents := readIdents + argIdents;
-
-            i := i + 1;
-          }
-
-          var enclosingString, _, _, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, params, false);
-          readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
-          match on {
-            case Companion(_) => {
-              enclosingString := enclosingString + "::" + escapeIdent(name.id);
-            }
-            case _ => {
-              enclosingString := "(" + enclosingString + ")." + escapeIdent(name.id);
-            }
+              r := fullPath.ApplyType(onTypeExprs).FSel(escapeName(name.name)).ApplyType(typeExprs).Apply([onExpr] + argExprs);
+              r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+            case _ => // Infix call on.name(args)
+              var onExpr, _, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipAutoBorrowed);
+              readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
+              var renderedName := GetMethodName(on, name);
+              // Pointers in the role of "self" must be converted to borrowed versions.
+              match on {
+                case Companion(_, _) | ExternCompanion(_) => {
+                  onExpr := onExpr.FSel(renderedName);
+                }
+                case _ => {
+                  if onExpr != R.self { // Self has the reference type already
+                    match name {
+                      case CallName(_, Some(tpe), _, _, _) =>
+                        var typ := GenType(tpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+                        if typ.IsObjectOrPointer() {
+                          if pointerType.Raw? {
+                            onExpr := read_macro.Apply1(onExpr);
+                          } else {
+                            onExpr := modify_macro.Apply1(onExpr);
+                          }
+                        }
+                      case _ =>
+                    }
+                  }
+                  onExpr := onExpr.Sel(renderedName);
+                }
+              }
+              r := onExpr.ApplyType(typeExprs).Apply(argExprs);
+              r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+              return;
           }
-
-          s := enclosingString + typeArgString + "(" + argString + ")";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
         }
-        case Lambda(params, retType, body) => {
+        case Lambda(paramsDafny, retType, body) => {
+          var params := GenParams(paramsDafny, true);
           var paramNames := [];
-          var i := 0;
-          while i < |params| {
-            paramNames := paramNames + [params[i].name];
-            i := i + 1;
+          var paramTypesMap := map[];
+          for i := 0 to |params| {
+            var name := params[i].name;
+            paramNames := paramNames + [name];
+            paramTypesMap := paramTypesMap[name := params[i].tpe];
           }
+          var subEnv := env.ToOwned().merge(Environment(paramNames, paramTypesMap));
 
-          var recursiveGen, recIdents := GenStmts(body, if selfIdent != None then Some("_this") else None, paramNames, true, "");
+          var recursiveGen, recIdents, _ := GenStmts(body, if selfIdent != NoSelf then ThisTyped("_this", selfIdent.dafnyType) else NoSelf, subEnv, true, None);
           readIdents := {};
-          var allReadCloned := "";
+          recIdents := recIdents - (set name <- paramNames);
+          var allReadCloned := R.RawExpr("");
           while recIdents != {} decreases recIdents {
             var next: string :| next in recIdents;
 
-            if selfIdent != None && next == "_this" {
-              if selfIdent != None {
-                allReadCloned := allReadCloned + "let _this = self.clone();\n";
-              }
+            if selfIdent != NoSelf && next == "_this" {
+              var selfCloned, _, _ := GenIdent("self", selfIdent, Environment.Empty(), OwnershipOwned);
+              allReadCloned := allReadCloned.Then(R.DeclareVar(R.MUT, "_this", None, Some(selfCloned)));
             } else if !(next in paramNames) {
-              allReadCloned := allReadCloned + "let " + escapeIdent(next) + " = " + escapeIdent(next) + ".clone();\n";
+              var copy := R.Identifier(next).Clone();
+              allReadCloned := allReadCloned.Then(
+                R.DeclareVar(R.MUT, next, None, Some(copy))
+              );
               readIdents := readIdents + {next};
             }
 
             recIdents := recIdents - {next};
           }
 
-          var paramsString := "";
-          var paramTypes := "";
-          i := 0;
-          while i < |params| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              paramsString := paramsString + ", ";
-              paramTypes := paramTypes + ", ";
-            }
-
-            var typStr := GenType(params[i].typ, false, true);
-
-            paramsString := paramsString + escapeIdent(params[i].name) + ": &" + typStr;
-            paramTypes := paramTypes + "&" + typStr;
-            i := i + 1;
-          }
-
-          var retTypeGen := GenType(retType, false, true);
-
-          s := "::dafny_runtime::FunctionWrapper::<::std::rc::Rc<dyn ::std::ops::Fn(" + paramTypes + ") -> " + retTypeGen + ">>({\n" + allReadCloned + "::std::rc::Rc::new(move |" + paramsString + "| -> " + retTypeGen + " {\n" + recursiveGen + "\n})})";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          var retTypeGen := GenType(retType, GenTypeContext.default());
+          r := R.Block(
+            allReadCloned.Then(
+              R.RcNew(
+                R.Lambda(params, Some(retTypeGen), R.Block(recursiveGen))
+              )
+            ));
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
         case BetaRedex(values, retType, expr) => {
           var paramNames := [];
+          var paramFormals := GenParams(Std.Collections.Seq.Map(
+                                          (value: (Formal, Expression)) => value.0, values));
+          var paramTypes := map[];
           var paramNamesSet := {};
-          var i := 0;
-          while i < |values| {
-            paramNames := paramNames + [values[i].0.name];
-            paramNamesSet := paramNamesSet + {values[i].0.name};
-            i := i + 1;
+          for i := 0 to |values| {
+            var name := values[i].0.name;
+            var rName := escapeVar(name);
+            paramNames := paramNames + [rName];
+            paramTypes := paramTypes[rName := paramFormals[i].tpe];
+            paramNamesSet := paramNamesSet + {rName};
           }
 
           readIdents := {};
-          s := "{\n";
-
-          var paramsString := "";
-          i := 0;
-          while i < |values| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              paramsString := paramsString + ", ";
-            }
+          r := R.RawExpr("");
 
-            var typStr := GenType(values[i].0.typ, false, true);
+          for i := 0 to |values| {
+            var typeGen := GenType(values[i].0.typ, GenTypeContext.default());
 
-            var valueGen, _, valueErased, recIdents := GenExpr(values[i].1, selfIdent, params, true);
-            s := s + "let " + escapeIdent(values[i].0.name) + ": " + typStr + " = ";
+            var valueGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(values[i].1, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            r := r.Then(R.DeclareVar(R.CONST, escapeVar(values[i].0.name), Some(typeGen), Some(valueGen)));
             readIdents := readIdents + recIdents;
-            if valueErased {
-              valueGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned" + "(" + valueGen + ")";
-            }
-
-            s := s + valueGen + ";\n";
-            i := i + 1;
           }
 
-          var recGen, recOwned, recErased, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, paramNames, mustOwn);
-          readIdents := recIdents - paramNamesSet;
+          var newEnv := Environment(paramNames, paramTypes);
 
-          s := s  + recGen + "\n}";
-          isOwned := recOwned;
-          isErased := recErased;
+          var recGen, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, newEnv, expectedOwnership);
+          readIdents := recIdents - paramNamesSet;
+          r := R.Block(r.Then(recGen));
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, recOwned, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
         case IIFE(name, tpe, value, iifeBody) => {
-          var valueGen, _, valueErased, recIdents := GenExpr(value, selfIdent, params, true);
-          if valueErased {
-            valueGen := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned" + "(" + valueGen + ")";
-          }
+          var valueGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(value, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
 
           readIdents := recIdents;
-          var valueTypeGen := GenType(tpe, false, true);
-          var bodyGen, _, bodyErased, bodyIdents := GenExpr(iifeBody, selfIdent, params, true);
-          readIdents := readIdents + (bodyIdents - {name.id});
-
-          s := "{\nlet " + escapeIdent(name.id) + ": " + valueTypeGen + " = " + valueGen + ";\n" + bodyGen + "\n}";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := bodyErased;
+          var valueTypeGen := GenType(tpe, GenTypeContext.default());
+          var iifeVar := escapeVar(name);
+          var bodyGen, _, bodyIdents :=
+            GenExpr(iifeBody, selfIdent, env.AddAssigned(iifeVar, valueTypeGen), OwnershipOwned);
+          readIdents := readIdents + (bodyIdents - {iifeVar});
+          r := R.Block(
+            R.DeclareVar(R.CONST, iifeVar, Some(valueTypeGen), Some(valueGen))
+            .Then(bodyGen));
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
         case Apply(func, args) => {
-          var funcString, _, funcErased, recIdents := GenExpr(func, selfIdent, params, false);
+          // TODO: Need the type of the input of Func to ensure we generate arguments with the right ownership
+          var funcExpr, _, recIdents := GenExpr(func, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
           readIdents := recIdents;
-
-          var argString := "";
-          var i := 0;
-          while i < |args| {
-            if i > 0 {
-              argString := argString + ", ";
-            }
-
-            var argExpr, isOwned, argErased, argIdents := GenExpr(args[i], selfIdent, params, false);
-            if isOwned {
-              argExpr := "&" + argExpr;
-            }
-
-            argString := argString + argExpr;
+          var rArgs := [];
+          for i := 0 to |args| {
+            var argExpr, argOwned, argIdents := GenExpr(args[i], selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+            rArgs := rArgs + [argExpr];
             readIdents := readIdents + argIdents;
-
-            i := i + 1;
           }
-
-          s := "((" + funcString + ").0" + "(" + argString + "))";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := false;
+          r := funcExpr.Apply(rArgs);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
         }
         case TypeTest(on, dType, variant) => {
-          var exprGen, _, exprErased, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, params, false);
-          var dTypePath := GenPath(dType);
-          s := "matches!(" + exprGen + ".as_ref(), " + dTypePath + "::" + escapeIdent(variant) + "{ .. })";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := true;
+          var exprGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(on, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+          var dTypePath := GenPathType(dType + [Ident.Ident(variant)]);
+          r := R.Identifier("matches!").Apply([exprGen.Sel("as_ref").Apply([]), R.RawExpr(dTypePath.ToString(IND) + "{ .. }")]);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
+          return;
+        }
+        case Is(expr, fromType, toType) => {
+          var expr, recOwned, recIdents := GenExpr(expr, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          var fromType := GenType(fromType, GenTypeContext.default());
+          var toType := GenType(toType, GenTypeContext.default());
+          if fromType.IsObjectOrPointer() && toType.IsObjectOrPointer() {
+            r := expr.Sel("is_instance_of").ApplyType([toType.ObjectOrPointerUnderlying()]).Apply([]);
+          } else {
+            error := Some("Source and/or target types of type test is/are not Object or Ptr");
+            r := R.RawExpr(error.value);
+            readIdents := {};
+          }
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwnership(r, recOwned, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdents;
+          return;
         }
         case BoolBoundedPool() => {
-          s := "[false, true]";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := true;
+          r := R.RawExpr("[false, true]");
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := {};
+          return;
         }
         case SetBoundedPool(of) => {
-          var exprGen, _, exprErased, recIdents := GenExpr(of, selfIdent, params, false);
-          s := "(" + exprGen + ").iter()";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := exprErased;
+          var exprGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(of, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+          r := exprGen.Sel("iter").Apply([]);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdents;
+          return;
         }
         case SeqBoundedPool(of, includeDuplicates) => {
-          var exprGen, _, exprErased, recIdents := GenExpr(of, selfIdent, params, false);
-          s := "(" + exprGen + ").iter()";
+          var exprGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(of, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+          r := exprGen.Sel("iter").Apply([]);
           if !includeDuplicates {
-            s := "::dafny_runtime::itertools::Itertools::unique(" + s + ")";
+            r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("itertools").MSel("Itertools").MSel("unique").AsExpr().Apply1(r);
           }
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := exprErased;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdents;
+          return;
         }
-        case IntRange(lo, hi) => {
-          var loString, _, loErased, recIdentsLo := GenExpr(lo, selfIdent, params, true);
-          var hiString, _, hiErased, recIdentsHi := GenExpr(hi, selfIdent, params, true);
-
-          if !loErased {
-            loString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + loString + ")";
+        case MapBoundedPool(of) => {
+          var exprGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(of, selfIdent, env, OwnershipBorrowed);
+          r := exprGen.Sel("keys").Apply([]).Sel("iter").Apply([]);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+        }
+        case ExactBoundedPool(of) => {
+          var exprGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(of, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          r := R.std.MSel("iter").AsExpr().FSel("once").Apply1(exprGen);
+          readIdents := recIdents;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+        }
+        case IntRange(typ, lo, hi, up) => {
+          var lo, _, recIdentsLo := GenExpr(lo, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          var hi, _, recIdentsHi := GenExpr(hi, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          if up {
+            r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("integer_range").AsExpr().Apply([lo, hi]);
+          } else {
+            r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("integer_range_down").AsExpr().Apply([hi, lo]);
           }
-
-          if !hiErased {
-            hiString := "::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned(" + hiString + ")";
+          if !typ.Primitive? {
+            var tpe := GenType(typ, GenTypeContext.default());
+            r := r.Sel("map").Apply1(R.std.MSel("convert").MSel("Into").AsExpr().ApplyType([tpe]).FSel("into"));
           }
-
-          s := "::dafny_runtime::integer_range(" + loString + ", " + hiString + ")";
-          isOwned := true;
-          isErased := true;
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
           readIdents := recIdentsLo + recIdentsHi;
+          return;
+        }
+        case UnboundedIntRange(start, up) => {
+          var start, _, recIdentStart := GenExpr(start, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          if up {
+            r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("integer_range_unbounded").AsExpr().Apply1(start);
+          } else {
+            r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("integer_range_down_unbounded").AsExpr().Apply1(start);
+          }
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          readIdents := recIdentStart;
+          return;
+        }
+        case MapBuilder(keyType, valueType) => {
+          var kType := GenType(keyType, GenTypeContext.default());
+          var vType := GenType(valueType, GenTypeContext.default());
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("MapBuilder").AsExpr().ApplyType([kType, vType]).FSel("new").Apply([]);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          readIdents := {};
+          return;
+        }
+        case SetBuilder(elemType) => {
+          var eType := GenType(elemType, GenTypeContext.default());
+          readIdents := {};
+          r := R.dafny_runtime.MSel("SetBuilder").AsExpr().ApplyType([eType]).FSel("new").Apply([]);
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
+          return;
+        }
+        case Quantifier(elemType, collection, is_forall, lambda) => {
+          var tpe := GenType(elemType, GenTypeContext.default());
+          // Borrowed in this context means that the elements are iterated as borrowed,
+          // because lambda expression takes them borrowed by default.
+          var collectionGen, _, recIdents := GenExpr(collection, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+          // Integer collections are owned because they are computed number by number.
+          // Sequence bounded pools are also owned
+          var extraAttributes := [];
+          if collection.IntRange? || collection.UnboundedIntRange? || collection.SeqBoundedPool? || collection.ExactBoundedPool? {
+            extraAttributes := [AttributeOwned];
+          }
+
+          if lambda.Lambda? {
+            // The lambda is supposed to be a raw lambda, arguments are borrowed
+            var formals := lambda.params;
+            var newFormals := [];
+            for i := 0 to |formals| {
+              newFormals := newFormals + [formals[i].(attributes := extraAttributes + formals[i].attributes)];
+            }
+            var newLambda := lambda.(params := newFormals);
+            // TODO: We only add one attribute to each parameter.
+            assume {:axiom} newLambda < lambda;
+            var lambdaGen, _, recLambdaIdents := GenExpr(newLambda, selfIdent, env, OwnershipOwned);
+            var fn := if is_forall then "all" else "any";
+            r := collectionGen.Sel(fn).Apply1(lambdaGen.Sel("as_ref").Apply([]));
+            readIdents := recIdents + recLambdaIdents;
+          } else {
+            error := Some("Quantifier without an inline lambda");
+            r := R.RawExpr(error.value);
+            readIdents := {};
+          }
+          r, resultingOwnership := FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership);
         }
       }
     }
 
-    static method Compile(p: seq<Module>) returns (s: string) {
+    method Compile(p: seq<Module>, externalFiles: seq<string>) returns (s: string)
+      modifies this
+    {
       s := "#![allow(warnings, unconditional_panic)]\n";
       s := s + "#![allow(nonstandard_style)]\n";
-      s := s + "extern crate dafny_runtime;\n";
 
-      var i := 0;
-      while i < |p| {
-        var generated: string;
-        var m := GenModule(p[i], []);
-        generated := m.ToString("");
+      var externUseDecls := [];
 
-        if i > 0 {
-          s := s + "\n";
+      for i := 0 to |externalFiles| {
+        var externalFile := externalFiles[i];
+        var externalMod := externalFile;
+        if |externalFile| > 3 && externalFile[|externalFile|-3..] == ".rs" {
+          externalMod := externalFile[0..|externalFile|-3];
+        } else {
+          error := Some("Unrecognized external file " + externalFile + ". External file must be *.rs files");
         }
+        var externMod := R.ExternMod(externalMod);
+        s := s + externMod.ToString("") + "\n";
+        externUseDecls := externUseDecls + [
+          R.UseDecl(R.Use(R.PUB, R.crate.MSel(externalMod).MSel("*")))
+        ];
+      }
+
+      if externUseDecls != [] {
+        s := s + R.Mod(DAFNY_EXTERN_MODULE, [], externUseDecls).ToString("") + "\n";
+      }
+
+      var allModules := SeqMap<string, GatheringModule>.Empty();
+      for i := 0 to |p| {
+        var m := GenModule(p[i], []);
+        allModules := GatheringModule.MergeSeqMap(allModules, m);
+      }
+      for i := 0 to |allModules.keys| {
+        if allModules.keys[i] !in allModules.values { // Could be avoided with subset types
+          continue;
+        }
+        var m := allModules.values[allModules.keys[i]].ToRust();
+        for j := 0 to |optimizations| {
+          m := optimizations[j](m);
+        }
+        s := s + "\n";
+        s := s + m.ToString("");
 
-        s := s + generated;
-        i := i + 1;
       }
     }
 
-    static method EmitCallToMain(fullName: seq<string>) returns (s: string) {
+    static method EmitCallToMain(fullName: seq<Name>) returns (s: string) {
       s := "\nfn main() {\n";
       var i := 0;
       while i < |fullName| {
         if i > 0 {
           s := s + "::";
         }
-        s := s + escapeIdent(fullName[i]);
+        s := s + escapeName(fullName[i]);
         i := i + 1;
       }
       s := s + "();\n}";
     }
   }
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/RustBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/RustBackend.cs
index 93ffc769c56..c0d06a59631 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/RustBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/RustBackend.cs
@@ -1,15 +1,20 @@
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
+using System.CommandLine;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Text;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 public class RustBackend : DafnyExecutableBackend {
+  protected override bool PreventShadowing => false;
+  protected override string InternalFieldPrefix => "_i_";
 
   public override IReadOnlySet<string> SupportedExtensions => new HashSet<string> { ".rs" };
   public override string TargetName => "Rust";
@@ -20,6 +25,18 @@ public class RustBackend : DafnyExecutableBackend {
   public override bool SupportsInMemoryCompilation => false;
   public override bool TextualTargetIsExecutable => false;
 
+  public static readonly Option<string> RustModuleNameOption = new("--rust-module-name",
+    @"The enclosing Rust module name for the currently translated code, i.e. what goes between crate:: ...  ::module_name".TrimStart()) {
+  };
+  public override IEnumerable<Option<string>> SupportedOptions => new List<Option<string>> { RustModuleNameOption };
+
+  static RustBackend() {
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(RustModuleNameOption, OptionScope.Translation);
+  }
+
+  public override IReadOnlySet<string> SupportedNativeTypes =>
+    new HashSet<string> { "byte", "sbyte", "ushort", "short", "uint", "int", "ulong", "long", "udoublelong", "doublelong" };
+
   public override string TargetBasename(string dafnyProgramName) =>
     Regex.Replace(base.TargetBasename(dafnyProgramName), "[^_A-Za-z0-9]", "_");
 
@@ -27,7 +44,58 @@ public override string TargetBaseDir(string dafnyProgramName) =>
     $"{Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(dafnyProgramName)}-rust/src";
 
   protected override DafnyWrittenCodeGenerator CreateDafnyWrittenCompiler() {
-    return new RustCodeGenerator();
+    return new RustCodeGenerator(Options);
+  }
+
+  // Knowing that the result of the compilation will be placed in a dafnyProgramName.rs,
+  // and that Dafny needs to import all the OtherFileNames into the same folder, but does not really care about their names,
+  // this function returns a mapping from full paths of Rust files to a unique resulting name.
+  //
+  // For example, if OtherFiles == ["C:\Users\myextern.rs", "C:\Users\path\myextern.rs", "C:\Users\nonconflictextern.rs"] and dafnyProgramName == "myextern.dfy", it will create the dictionary
+  // new Dictionary() {
+  // { "C:\Users\myextern.rs", "myextern_1.rs" },
+  // { "C:\Users\path\myextern.rs", "myextern_2.rs" },
+  // { "C:\Users\myotherextern.rs", "nonconflictingextern.rs" }
+  // }
+  public override Dictionary<string, string> ImportFilesMapping(string dafnyProgramName) {
+    Dictionary<string, string> importedFilesMapping = new();
+    var baseName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(dafnyProgramName);
+    importedFilesMapping["dummy"] = baseName + ".rs";
+    var keyToRemove = "dummy to lower";
+    importedFilesMapping[keyToRemove] = baseName.ToLower() + ".rs";
+    var toRemove = new List<string> { "dummy", keyToRemove };
+    if (OtherFileNames != null) {
+      foreach (var otherFileFullPath in OtherFileNames) {
+        var otherFileName = Path.GetFileName(otherFileFullPath);
+        if (importedFilesMapping.ContainsValue(otherFileName) || importedFilesMapping.ContainsValue(otherFileName.ToLower())) {
+          var newOtherFileBase = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(otherFileName);
+          var i = 0;
+          do {
+            i++;
+            otherFileName = newOtherFileBase + $"_{i}.rs";
+          } while (importedFilesMapping.ContainsValue(otherFileName) || importedFilesMapping.ContainsValue(otherFileName.ToLower()));
+        }
+        // Ensures we don't have overwrites in case-insensitive systems such as Windows
+        importedFilesMapping[otherFileFullPath] = otherFileName;
+        importedFilesMapping["to lower " + otherFileFullPath] = otherFileName.ToLower();
+        toRemove.Add("to lower " + otherFileFullPath);
+      }
+    }
+
+    foreach (var path in toRemove) {
+      importedFilesMapping.Remove(path);
+    }
+    return importedFilesMapping;
+  }
+
+
+  public override async Task<bool> OnPostGenerate(string dafnyProgramName, string targetDirectory, TextWriter outputWriter) {
+    foreach (var keyValue in ImportFilesMapping(dafnyProgramName)) {
+      var fullRustExternName = keyValue.Key;
+      var expectedRustName = keyValue.Value;
+      File.Copy(fullRustExternName, Path.Combine(targetDirectory, expectedRustName), true);
+    }
+    return await base.OnPostGenerate(dafnyProgramName, targetDirectory, outputWriter);
   }
 
   private string ComputeExeName(string targetFilename) {
@@ -75,8 +143,8 @@ private string ComputeExeName(string targetFilename) {
       stream.CopyTo(outFile);
     });
 
-    using (var cargoToml = new FileStream(Path.Combine(targetDirectory, "Cargo.toml"), FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)) {
-      using var cargoTomlWriter = new StreamWriter(cargoToml);
+    await using (var cargoToml = new FileStream(Path.Combine(targetDirectory, "Cargo.toml"), FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)) {
+      await using var cargoTomlWriter = new StreamWriter(cargoToml);
       await cargoTomlWriter.WriteLineAsync("[package]");
       var packageName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(targetFilename);
       // package name cannot start with a digit
@@ -119,6 +187,7 @@ private string ComputeExeName(string targetFilename) {
     psi.WorkingDirectory = targetDirectory;
     return (0 == await RunProcess(psi, outputWriter, outputWriter, "Error while compiling Rust files."), null);
   }
+  public override Encoding OutputWriterEncoding => Encoding.UTF8;
 
   public override async Task<bool> RunTargetProgram(string dafnyProgramName, string targetProgramText,
     string callToMain, /*?*/
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/RustCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/RustCodeGenerator.cs
index b7062026958..c731b7386bf 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/RustCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/Rust/RustCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 using System;
+using System.CommandLine;
+using System.Configuration;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using Dafny;
@@ -7,17 +9,36 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers {
 
   class RustCodeGenerator : DafnyWrittenCodeGenerator {
+    public DafnyOptions Options { get; set; }
 
-    public override ISequence<Rune> Compile(Sequence<DAST.Module> program) {
-      return COMP.Compile(program);
+    public RustCodeGenerator(DafnyOptions options) {
+      this.Options = options;
+    }
+
+    public override void Compile(Sequence<DAST.Module> program, Sequence<ISequence<Rune>> otherFiles, ConcreteSyntaxTree w) {
+      var c = new DCOMP.COMP();
+      var charType = Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.UnicodeCharacters)
+        ? DCOMP.CharType.create_UTF32()
+        : DCOMP.CharType.create_UTF16();
+      var pointerType = Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.RawPointers)
+        ? PointerType.create_Raw()
+        : PointerType.create_RcMut();
+      var rootType = Options.Get(RustBackend.RustModuleNameOption) is { } opt && opt != "" ?
+          RootType.create_RootPath(Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(opt))
+          : RootType.create_RootCrate();
+      c.__ctor(charType, pointerType, rootType);
+      var s = c.Compile(program, otherFiles);
+      if (!Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.EmitUncompilableCode) && c.error.is_Some) {
+        throw new UnsupportedInvalidOperationException(c.error.dtor_value.ToVerbatimString(false));
+      }
+      w.Write(s.ToVerbatimString(false));
     }
 
     public override ISequence<Rune> EmitCallToMain(string fullName) {
       var splitByDot = fullName.Split('.');
       var convertedToUnicode = Sequence<Sequence<Rune>>.FromArray(splitByDot.Select(s => (Sequence<Rune>)Sequence<Rune>.UnicodeFromString(s)).ToArray());
-      return COMP.EmitCallToMain(convertedToUnicode);
+      return DCOMP.COMP.EmitCallToMain(convertedToUnicode);
     }
-
   }
 
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator/SinglePassCodeGenerator.Expression.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator/SinglePassCodeGenerator.Expression.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9366be441ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator/SinglePassCodeGenerator.Expression.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,740 @@
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All Rights Reserved.
+// Copyright by the contributors to the Dafny Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using DafnyCore;
+using JetBrains.Annotations;
+using Microsoft.BaseTypes;
+using static Microsoft.Dafny.GeneratorErrors;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers {
+  public abstract partial class SinglePassCodeGenerator {
+
+    public virtual void EmitExpr(Expression expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
+      switch (expr) {
+        case LiteralExpr literalExpr: {
+            LiteralExpr e = literalExpr;
+            EmitLiteralExpr(wr, e);
+            break;
+          }
+        case ThisExpr: {
+            if (thisContext != null) {
+              var instantiatedType = expr.Type.Subst(thisContext.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
+              var contextType = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(expr.tok, thisContext);
+              if (contextType.ResolvedClass is ClassLikeDecl { NonNullTypeDecl: { } } cls) {
+                contextType = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(expr.tok, cls.NonNullTypeDecl);
+              }
+
+              wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(contextType, instantiatedType, expr.tok, wr);
+            }
+
+            EmitThis(wr);
+            break;
+          }
+        case IdentifierExpr identifierExpr: {
+            var e = identifierExpr;
+            if (inLetExprBody && !(e.Var is BoundVar)) {
+              // copy variable to a temp since
+              //   - C# doesn't allow out param in letExpr body, and
+              //   - Java doesn't allow any non-final variable in letExpr body.
+              var name = ProtectedFreshId("_pat_let_tv");
+              EmitIdentifier(name, wr);
+              DeclareLocalVar(name, null, null, false, IdName(e.Var), copyInstrWriters.Peek(), e.Type);
+            } else {
+              EmitIdentifier(IdName(e.Var), wr);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case SetDisplayExpr displayExpr: {
+            var e = displayExpr;
+            EmitCollectionDisplay(e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsSetType, e.tok, e.Elements, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case MultiSetDisplayExpr displayExpr: {
+            var e = displayExpr;
+            EmitCollectionDisplay(e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsMultiSetType, e.tok, e.Elements, inLetExprBody, wr,
+              wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case SeqDisplayExpr displayExpr: {
+            var e = displayExpr;
+            EmitCollectionDisplay(e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsSeqType, e.tok, e.Elements, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case MapDisplayExpr displayExpr: {
+            var e = displayExpr;
+            EmitMapDisplay(e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsMapType, e.tok, e.Elements, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case MemberSelectExpr selectExpr: {
+            MemberSelectExpr e = selectExpr;
+            SpecialField sf = e.Member as SpecialField;
+            if (sf != null) {
+              GetSpecialFieldInfo(sf.SpecialId, sf.IdParam, e.Obj.Type, out var compiledName, out var preStr,
+                out var postStr);
+              wr.Write(preStr);
+
+              if (sf.IsStatic && !SupportsStaticsInGenericClasses && sf.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.Count != 0) {
+                var typeArgs = e.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass;
+                Contract.Assert(typeArgs.Count == sf.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.Count);
+                wr.Write("{0}.", TypeName_Companion(e.Obj.Type, wr, e.tok, sf));
+                EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(IdName(e.Member), typeArgs, e.tok, null, false, wr);
+                var tas = TypeArgumentInstantiation.ListFromClass(sf.EnclosingClass, typeArgs);
+                EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(tas, e.tok, wr.ForkInParens());
+              } else {
+                void writeObj(ConcreteSyntaxTree w) {
+                  //Contract.Assert(!sf.IsStatic);
+                  w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(e.Obj.Type, UserDefinedType.UpcastToMemberEnclosingType(e.Obj.Type, e.Member),
+                    e.tok, w);
+                  TrParenExpr(e.Obj, w, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
+                }
+
+                var typeArgs = CombineAllTypeArguments(e.Member, e.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass,
+                  e.TypeApplicationJustMember);
+                EmitMemberSelect(writeObj, e.Obj.Type, e.Member, typeArgs, e.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents(),
+                  selectExpr.Type).EmitRead(wr);
+              }
+
+              wr.Write(postStr);
+            } else {
+              var typeArgs =
+                CombineAllTypeArguments(e.Member, e.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass, e.TypeApplicationJustMember);
+              var typeMap = e.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents();
+              var customReceiver = NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(e.Member);
+              if (!customReceiver && !e.Member.IsStatic) {
+                Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj;
+                // The eta conversion here is to avoid capture of the receiver, because the call to EmitMemberSelect below may generate
+                // a lambda expression in the target language.
+                if (e.Member is Function && typeArgs.Count != 0) {
+                  // need to eta-expand wrap the receiver
+                  var etaReceiver = ProtectedFreshId("_eta_this");
+                  wr = CreateIIFE_ExprBody(etaReceiver, e.Obj.Type, e.Obj.tok, e.Obj, inLetExprBody, e.Type.Subst(typeMap),
+                    e.tok, wr, ref wStmts);
+                  obj = w => EmitIdentifier(etaReceiver, w);
+                } else {
+                  obj = w => EmitExpr(e.Obj, inLetExprBody, w, wStmts);
+                }
+
+                EmitMemberSelect(obj, e.Obj.Type, e.Member, typeArgs, typeMap, selectExpr.Type).EmitRead(wr);
+              } else {
+                string customReceiverName = null;
+                if (customReceiver && e.Member is Function) {
+                  // need to eta-expand wrap the receiver
+                  customReceiverName = ProtectedFreshId("_eta_this");
+                  wr = CreateIIFE_ExprBody(customReceiverName, e.Obj.Type, e.Obj.tok, e.Obj, inLetExprBody,
+                    e.Type.Subst(typeMap), e.tok, wr, ref wStmts);
+                }
+
+                Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj = w => EmitTypeName_Companion(e.Obj.Type, w, wr, e.tok, e.Member);
+                EmitMemberSelect(obj, e.Obj.Type, e.Member, typeArgs, typeMap, selectExpr.Type, customReceiverName).EmitRead(wr);
+              }
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case SeqSelectExpr selectExpr: {
+            SeqSelectExpr e = selectExpr;
+            Contract.Assert(e.Seq.Type != null);
+            if (e.Seq.Type.IsArrayType) {
+              if (e.SelectOne) {
+                Contract.Assert(e.E0 != null && e.E1 == null);
+                var w = EmitArraySelect(new List<Expression>() { e.E0 }, e.Type, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+                w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(
+                  e.Seq.Type,
+                  e.Seq.Type.IsNonNullRefType || !e.Seq.Type.IsRefType
+                    ? null
+                    : UserDefinedType.CreateNonNullType((UserDefinedType)e.Seq.Type.NormalizeExpand()),
+                  e.tok,
+                  w
+                );
+                TrParenExpr(e.Seq, w, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
+              } else {
+                EmitSeqSelectRange(e.Seq, e.E0, e.E1, true, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+              }
+            } else if (e.SelectOne) {
+              Contract.Assert(e.E0 != null && e.E1 == null);
+              EmitIndexCollectionSelect(e.Seq, e.E0, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            } else {
+              EmitSeqSelectRange(e.Seq, e.E0, e.E1, false, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case SeqConstructionExpr constructionExpr: {
+            var e = constructionExpr;
+            EmitSeqConstructionExpr(e, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case MultiSetFormingExpr formingExpr: {
+            var e = formingExpr;
+            EmitMultiSetFormingExpr(e, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case MultiSelectExpr selectExpr: {
+            MultiSelectExpr e = selectExpr;
+            WriteCast(TypeName(e.Type.NormalizeExpand(), wr, e.tok), wr);
+            var w = EmitArraySelect(e.Indices, e.Type, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            TrParenExpr(e.Array, w, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case SeqUpdateExpr updateExpr: {
+            SeqUpdateExpr e = updateExpr;
+            var collectionType = e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsCollectionType;
+            Contract.Assert(collectionType != null);
+            EmitIndexCollectionUpdate(e.Seq, e.Index, e.Value, collectionType, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case DatatypeUpdateExpr updateExpr: {
+            var e = updateExpr;
+            if (e.Members.All(member => member.IsGhost)) {
+              // all fields to be updated are ghost, which doesn't change the value
+              EmitExpr(e.Root, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+              return;
+            }
+
+            if (DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, e.Root.Type.AsDatatype, out var dtor)) {
+              var i = e.Members.IndexOf(dtor);
+              if (0 <= i) {
+                // the datatype is an erasable wrapper and its core destructor is part of the update (which implies everything else must be a ghost),
+                // so proceed as with the rhs
+                Contract.Assert(Enumerable.Range(0, e.Members.Count).All(j => j == i || e.Members[j].IsGhost));
+                Contract.Assert(e.Members.Count == e.Updates.Count);
+                var rhs = e.Updates[i].Item3;
+                EmitExpr(rhs, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+                return;
+              }
+            }
+
+            // the optimized cases don't apply, so proceed according to the desugaring
+            EmitExpr(e.ResolvedExpression, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case FunctionCallExpr callExpr: {
+            FunctionCallExpr e = callExpr;
+
+            void EmitExpr(Expression e2, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr2, bool inLetExpr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts2) {
+              this.EmitExpr(e2, inLetExpr, wr2, wStmts2);
+            }
+
+            if (e.Function is SpecialFunction) {
+              CompileSpecialFunctionCallExpr(e, wr, inLetExprBody, wStmts, EmitExpr);
+            } else {
+              CompileFunctionCallExpr(e, wr, inLetExprBody, wStmts, EmitExpr);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case ApplyExpr applyExpr: {
+            var e = applyExpr;
+            EmitApplyExpr(e.Function.Type, e.tok, e.Function, e.Args, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case DatatypeValue value: {
+            var dtv = value;
+            Contract.Assert(dtv.Ctor != null); // since dtv has been successfully resolved
+
+            if (DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype, out var dtor)) {
+              var i = dtv.Ctor.Destructors.IndexOf(dtor);
+              Contract.Assert(0 <= i);
+              EmitExpr(dtv.Arguments[i], inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+              return;
+            }
+
+            var wrArgumentList = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
+            var wTypeDescriptorArguments = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
+            var typeSubst = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype.TypeArgs, dtv.InferredTypeArgs);
+            string sep = "";
+            Contract.Assert(dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype.TypeArgs.Count == dtv.InferredTypeArgs.Count);
+            WriteTypeDescriptors(dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype, dtv.InferredTypeArgs, wTypeDescriptorArguments, ref sep);
+            sep = "";
+            for (var i = 0; i < dtv.Arguments.Count; i++) {
+              var formal = dtv.Ctor.Formals[i];
+              if (!formal.IsGhost) {
+                wrArgumentList.Write(sep);
+                var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from: dtv.Arguments[i].Type, to: dtv.Ctor.Formals[i].Type.Subst(typeSubst),
+                  toOrig: dtv.Ctor.Formals[i].Type, tok: dtv.tok, wr: wrArgumentList);
+                EmitExpr(dtv.Arguments[i], inLetExprBody, w, wStmts);
+                sep = ", ";
+              }
+            }
+
+            EmitDatatypeValue(dtv, wTypeDescriptorArguments.ToString(), wrArgumentList.ToString(), wr);
+            break;
+          }
+        case OldExpr:
+          Contract.Assert(false);
+          throw new cce.UnreachableException(); // 'old' is always a ghost
+        case UnaryOpExpr opExpr: {
+            var e = opExpr;
+            if (e.ResolvedOp == UnaryOpExpr.ResolvedOpcode.BVNot) {
+              wr = EmitBitvectorTruncation(e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsBitVectorType, e.Type.AsNativeType(), true,
+                wr);
+            }
+
+            EmitUnaryExpr(UnaryOpCodeMap[e.ResolvedOp], e.E, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case ConversionExpr conversionExpr: {
+            var e = conversionExpr;
+            var fromType = e.E.Type.GetRuntimeType();
+            var toType = e.ToType.GetRuntimeType();
+            Contract.Assert(Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraits) != CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraitsOptions.Legacy ||
+                            toType.IsRefType == fromType.IsRefType ||
+                            (fromType.IsTypeParameter && toType.IsTraitType));
+            if (toType.IsRefType || toType.IsTraitType || fromType.IsTraitType) {
+              var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(e.E.Type, e.ToType, e.tok, wr);
+              w = EmitDowncastIfNecessary(e.E.Type, e.ToType, e.tok, w);
+              EmitExpr(e.E, inLetExprBody, w, wStmts);
+            } else if (e.E.Type.IsSubtypeOf(e.ToType, false, false)) {
+              // conversion is a no-op -- almost, because it may need a cast to deal with bounded type parameters
+              var w = EmitDowncastIfNecessary(e.E.Type, e.ToType, e.tok, wr);
+              EmitExpr(e.E, inLetExprBody, w, wStmts);
+            } else {
+              EmitConversionExpr(e.E, fromType, toType, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case TypeTestExpr typeTestExpr:
+          CompileTypeTest(typeTestExpr, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
+          break;
+        case BinaryExpr binary:
+          EmitBinaryExpr(inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts, binary);
+          break;
+        case TernaryExpr:
+          Contract.Assume(false); // currently, none of the ternary expressions is compilable
+          break;
+        case LetExpr letExpr: {
+            var e = letExpr;
+            if (e.Exact) {
+              // The Dafny "let" expression
+              //    var Pattern(x,y) := G; E
+              // is translated into C# as:
+              //    LamLet(G, tmp =>
+              //      LamLet(dtorX(tmp), x =>
+              //      LamLet(dtorY(tmp), y => E)))
+              Contract.Assert(e.LHSs.Count == e.RHSs.Count); // checked by resolution
+              var w = wr;
+              for (int i = 0; i < e.LHSs.Count; i++) {
+                var lhs = e.LHSs[i];
+                if (Contract.Exists(lhs.Vars, bv => !bv.IsGhost)) {
+                  var rhsName = $"_pat_let{GetUniqueAstNumber(e)}_{i}";
+                  w = CreateIIFE_ExprBody(rhsName, e.RHSs[i].Type, e.RHSs[i].tok, e.RHSs[i], inLetExprBody, e.Body.Type,
+                    e.Body.tok, w, ref wStmts);
+                  w = TrCasePattern(lhs, wr => EmitIdentifier(rhsName, wr), e.RHSs[i].Type, e.Body.Type, w, ref wStmts);
+                }
+              }
+
+              EmitExpr(e.Body, true, w, wStmts);
+            } else if (e.BoundVars.All(bv => bv.IsGhost)) {
+              // The Dafny "let" expression
+              //    ghost var x,y :| Constraint; E
+              // is compiled just like E is, because the resolver has already checked that x,y (or other ghost variables, for that matter) don't
+              // occur in E (moreover, the verifier has checked that values for x,y satisfying Constraint exist).
+              EmitExpr(e.Body, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            } else {
+              // The Dafny "let" expression
+              //    var x,y :| Constraint; E
+              // is translated into C# as:
+              //    LamLet(0, dummy => {  // the only purpose of this construction here is to allow us to add some code inside an expression in C#
+              //        var x,y;
+              //        // Embark on computation that fills in x,y according to Constraint; the computation stops when the first
+              //        // such value is found, but since the verifier checks that x,y follows uniquely from Constraint, this is
+              //        // not a source of nondeterminancy.
+              //        return E;
+              //      })
+              Contract.Assert(e.RHSs.Count == 1); // checked by resolution
+              var missingBounds = BoolBoundedPool.MissingBounds(e.BoundVars.ToList<BoundVar>(), e.Constraint_Bounds,
+                BoundedPool.PoolVirtues.Enumerable);
+              if (missingBounds.Count != 0) {
+                foreach (var bv in missingBounds) {
+                  Error(ErrorId.c_let_such_that_is_too_complex, e.tok,
+                    "this let-such-that expression is too advanced for the current compiler; Dafny's heuristics cannot find any bound for variable '{0}'",
+                    wr, bv.Name);
+                }
+              } else {
+                var w = CreateIIFE1(0, e.Body.Type, e.Body.tok, "_let_dummy_" + GetUniqueAstNumber(e), wr, wStmts);
+                foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
+                  DeclareLocalVar(IdName(bv), bv.Type, bv.tok, false, ForcePlaceboValue(bv.Type, wr, bv.tok, true), w);
+                }
+
+                TrAssignSuchThat(new List<IVariable>(e.BoundVars).ConvertAll(bv => (IVariable)bv), e.RHSs[0],
+                  e.Constraint_Bounds, w, inLetExprBody);
+                EmitReturnExpr(e.Body, e.Body.Type, true, w);
+              }
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case NestedMatchExpr nestedMatchExpr:
+          EmitNestedMatchExpr(nestedMatchExpr, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+          break;
+        case MatchExpr matchExpr:
+          EmitMatchExpr(matchExpr, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+          break;
+        case QuantifierExpr quantifierExpr: {
+            var e = quantifierExpr;
+
+            // Compilation does not check whether a quantifier was split.
+
+            wr = CaptureFreeVariables(quantifierExpr, true, out var su, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
+            var logicalBody = su.Substitute(e.LogicalBody(true));
+
+            Contract.Assert(e.Bounds !=
+                            null); // for non-ghost quantifiers, the resolver would have insisted on finding bounds
+            var n = e.BoundVars.Count;
+            Contract.Assert(e.Bounds.Count == n);
+            var wBody = wr;
+            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+              var bound = e.Bounds[i];
+              var bv = e.BoundVars[i];
+
+              var collectionElementType = CompileCollection(bound, bv, inLetExprBody, false, su, out var collection,
+            out var newtypeConversionsWereExplicit, wStmts,
+                e.Bounds, e.BoundVars, i);
+              wBody = EmitQuantifierExpr(collection, quantifierExpr is ForallExpr, collectionElementType, bv, wBody);
+              var native = AsNativeType(e.BoundVars[i].Type);
+              var tmpVarName = ProtectedFreshId(e is ForallExpr ? "_forall_var_" : "_exists_var_");
+              ConcreteSyntaxTree newWBody = CreateLambda(new List<Type> { collectionElementType }, e.tok,
+                new List<string> { tmpVarName }, Type.Bool, wBody, wStmts, untyped: true);
+              wStmts = newWBody.Fork();
+              newWBody = MaybeInjectSubtypeConstraintWrtTraits(
+                tmpVarName, collectionElementType, bv.Type,
+                inLetExprBody, e.tok, newWBody, true, e is ForallExpr);
+              EmitDowncastVariableAssignment(
+                IdName(bv), bv.Type, tmpVarName, collectionElementType, true, e.tok, newWBody);
+              newWBody = MaybeInjectSubsetConstraint(
+                bv, bv.Type, inLetExprBody, e.tok, newWBody, newtypeConversionsWereExplicit, isReturning: true, elseReturnValue: e is ForallExpr);
+              wBody = newWBody;
+            }
+
+            EmitExpr(logicalBody, inLetExprBody, wBody, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case SetComprehension comprehension: {
+            var e = comprehension;
+            // For "set i,j,k,l | R(i,j,k,l) :: Term(i,j,k,l)" where the term has type "G", emit something like:
+            // ((System.Func<Set<G>>)(() => {
+            //   var _coll = new List<G>();
+            //   foreach (var tmp_l in sq.Elements) { L l = (L)tmp_l;
+            //     foreach (var tmp_k in st.Elements) { K k = (K)tmp_k;
+            //       for (BigInteger j = Lo; j < Hi; j++) {
+            //         for (bool i in Helper.AllBooleans) {
+            //           if (R(i,j,k,l)) {
+            //             _coll.Add(Term(i,j,k,l));
+            //           }
+            //         }
+            //       }
+            //     }
+            //   }
+            //   return Dafny.Set<G>.FromCollection(_coll);
+            // }))()
+            // We also split R(i,j,k,l) to evaluate it as early as possible.
+            wr = CaptureFreeVariables(e, true, out var su, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
+            e = (SetComprehension)su.Substitute(e);
+
+            Contract.Assert(e.Bounds != null); // the resolver would have insisted on finding bounds
+            var collectionName = ProtectedFreshId("_coll");
+            var setType = e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsSetType;
+            var bwr = CreateIIFE0(setType, e.tok, wr, wStmts);
+            wStmts = bwr.Fork();
+            wr = bwr;
+            EmitSetBuilder_New(wr, e, collectionName);
+            var n = e.BoundVars.Count;
+            Contract.Assert(e.Bounds.Count == n);
+            var processedBounds = new HashSet<IVariable>();
+            List<(Expression conj, ISet<IVariable> frees)> unusedConjuncts = Expression.Conjuncts(e.Range)
+              .Select(conj => (conj, ModuleResolver.FreeVariables(conj))).ToList();
+            unusedConjuncts.ForEach(entry => entry.frees.IntersectWith(e.BoundVars));
+            wr = EmitGuardFragment(unusedConjuncts, processedBounds, wr);
+            for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+              var bound = e.Bounds[i];
+              var bv = e.BoundVars[i];
+              processedBounds.Add(bv);
+              var tmpVar = ProtectedFreshId("_compr_");
+              var wStmtsLoop = wr.Fork();
+              var elementType = CompileCollection(bound, bv, inLetExprBody, true, null, out var collection, out var newtypeConversionsWereExplicit, wStmtsLoop);
+              wr = CreateGuardedForeachLoop(tmpVar, elementType, bv, newtypeConversionsWereExplicit, true, inLetExprBody, e.tok, collection, wr);
+              wr = EmitGuardFragment(unusedConjuncts, processedBounds, wr);
+            }
+
+            EmitSetBuilder_Add(setType, collectionName, e.Term, inLetExprBody, wr);
+            var returned = EmitReturnExpr(bwr);
+            GetCollectionBuilder_Build(setType, e.tok, collectionName, returned, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case MapComprehension comprehension: {
+            var e = comprehension;
+            // For "map i | R(i) :: Term(i)" where the term has type "V" and i has type "U", emit something like:
+            // ((System.Func<Map<U, V>>)(() => {
+            //   var _coll = new List<Pair<U,V>>();
+            //   foreach (L l in sq.Elements) {
+            //     foreach (K k in st.Elements) {
+            //       for (BigInteger j = Lo; j < Hi; j++) {
+            //         for (bool i in Helper.AllBooleans) {
+            //           if (R(i,j,k,l)) {
+            //             _coll.Add(new Pair(i, Term(i));
+            //           }
+            //         }
+            //       }
+            //     }
+            //   }
+            //   return Dafny.Map<U, V>.FromCollection(_coll);
+            // }))()
+            // We also split R(i,j,k,l) to evaluate it as early as possible.
+            wr = CaptureFreeVariables(e, true, out var su, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
+            e = (MapComprehension)su.Substitute(e);
+
+            Contract.Assert(e.Bounds != null); // the resolver would have insisted on finding bounds
+            var mapType = e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsMapType;
+            var domtypeName = TypeName(mapType.Domain, wr, e.tok);
+            var rantypeName = TypeName(mapType.Range, wr, e.tok);
+            var collection_name = ProtectedFreshId("_coll");
+            var bwr = CreateIIFE0(mapType, e.tok, wr, wStmts);
+            wStmts = bwr.Fork();
+            wr = bwr;
+            EmitMapBuilder_New(wr, e, collection_name);
+            var n = e.BoundVars.Count;
+            Contract.Assert(e.Bounds.Count == n);
+            var processedBounds = new HashSet<IVariable>();
+            List<(Expression conj, ISet<IVariable> frees)> unusedConjuncts = Expression.Conjuncts(e.Range)
+              .Select(conj => (conj, ModuleResolver.FreeVariables(conj))).ToList();
+            unusedConjuncts.ForEach(entry => entry.frees.IntersectWith(e.BoundVars));
+            wr = EmitGuardFragment(unusedConjuncts, processedBounds, wr);
+            for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+              var bound = e.Bounds[i];
+              var bv = e.BoundVars[i];
+              processedBounds.Add(bv);
+              var tmpVar = ProtectedFreshId("_compr_");
+              var wStmtsLoop = wr.Fork();
+              var elementType = CompileCollection(bound, bv, inLetExprBody, true, null, out var collection, out var newtypeConversionsWereExplicit, wStmtsLoop);
+              wr = CreateGuardedForeachLoop(tmpVar, elementType, bv, newtypeConversionsWereExplicit, true, false, bv.tok, collection, wr);
+              wr = EmitGuardFragment(unusedConjuncts, processedBounds, wr);
+            }
+
+            var termLeftWriter = EmitMapBuilder_Add(mapType, e.tok, collection_name, e.Term, inLetExprBody, wr);
+            if (e.TermLeft == null) {
+              Contract.Assert(e.BoundVars.Count == 1);
+              EmitIdentifier(IdName(e.BoundVars[0]), termLeftWriter);
+            } else {
+              EmitExpr(e.TermLeft, inLetExprBody, termLeftWriter, wStmts);
+            }
+
+            var returned = EmitReturnExpr(bwr);
+            GetCollectionBuilder_Build(mapType, e.tok, collection_name, returned, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case LambdaExpr lambdaExpr: {
+            var e = lambdaExpr;
+
+            IVariable receiver = null;
+            if (thisContext != null && (enclosingMethod is { IsTailRecursive: true } || enclosingFunction is { IsTailRecursive: true })) {
+              var name = ProtectedFreshId("_this");
+              var ty = ModuleResolver.GetThisType(e.tok, thisContext);
+              receiver = new LocalVariable(RangeToken.NoToken, name, ty, false) {
+                type = ty
+              };
+              var _this = new ThisExpr(thisContext);
+              wr = EmitBetaRedex(new List<string>() { IdName(receiver) }, new List<Expression>() { _this },
+                new List<Type>() { _this.Type }, lambdaExpr.Type, lambdaExpr.tok, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
+            }
+
+            wr = CaptureFreeVariables(e, false, out var su, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
+            if (receiver != null) {
+              su = new Substituter(new IdentifierExpr(e.tok, receiver), su.substMap, su.typeMap);
+            }
+
+            wr = CreateLambda(e.BoundVars.ConvertAll(bv => bv.Type), Token.NoToken, e.BoundVars.ConvertAll(IdName),
+              e.Body.Type, wr, wStmts);
+            wStmts = wr.Fork();
+            wr = EmitReturnExpr(wr);
+            // May need an upcast or boxing conversion to coerce to the generic arrow result type
+            wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(e.Body.Type, TypeForCoercion(e.Type.AsArrowType.Result), e.Body.tok, wr);
+            EmitExpr(su.Substitute(e.Body), inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case StmtExpr stmtExpr: {
+            var e = stmtExpr;
+            EmitExpr(e.E, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case ITEExpr iteExpr: {
+            var e = iteExpr;
+            // The ghost-ITE optimization applies only to at "the top" of the expression structure of a function
+            // body. Those cases are handled in TrExprOpt, so we expect the be compiling both branches here.
+            Contract.Assert(e.HowToCompile == ITEExpr.ITECompilation.CompileBothBranches);
+            EmitITE(e.Test, e.Thn, e.Els, e.Type, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case ConcreteSyntaxExpression expression: {
+            var e = expression;
+            EmitExpr(e.ResolvedExpression, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        default:
+          Contract.Assert(false);
+          throw new cce.UnreachableException(); // unexpected expression
+      }
+
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitGuardFragment(List<(Expression conj, ISet<IVariable> frees)> unusedConjuncts,
+        HashSet<IVariable> processedBounds, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+        Expression localGuard = Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(expr.tok, true);
+
+        foreach (var entry in unusedConjuncts.ToList().Where(entry => entry.frees.IsSubsetOf(processedBounds))) {
+          localGuard = Expression.CreateAnd(localGuard, entry.conj);
+          unusedConjuncts.Remove(entry);
+        }
+
+        if (!LiteralExpr.IsTrue(localGuard)) {
+          wr = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, false, wr);
+          EmitExpr(localGuard, inLetExprBody, guardWriter, wStmts);
+        }
+
+        return wr;
+      }
+    }
+
+    private void EmitBinaryExpr(bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, BinaryExpr binary) {
+      if (IsComparisonToZero(binary, out var arg, out var sign, out var negated) &&
+          CompareZeroUsingSign(arg.Type)) {
+        // Transform e.g. x < BigInteger.Zero into x.Sign == -1
+        var w = EmitSign(arg.Type, wr);
+        TrParenExpr(arg, w, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
+        wr.Write(negated ? " != " : " == ");
+        wr.Write(sign.ToString());
+      } else {
+        CompileBinOp(binary.ResolvedOp, binary.E0.Type, binary.E1.Type, binary.tok, binary.Type.GetRuntimeType(),
+          out var opString,
+          out var preOpString,
+          out var postOpString,
+          out var callString,
+          out var staticCallString,
+          out var reverseArguments,
+          out var truncateResult,
+          out var convertE1_to_int,
+          out var coerceE1,
+          wr);
+
+        if (truncateResult && binary.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsBitVectorType is { } bitvectorType) {
+          wr = EmitBitvectorTruncation(bitvectorType, binary.Type.AsNativeType(), true, wr);
+        }
+
+        var e0 = reverseArguments ? binary.E1 : binary.E0;
+        var e1 = reverseArguments ? binary.E0 : binary.E1;
+
+        var left = Expr(e0, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
+        ConcreteSyntaxTree right;
+        if (convertE1_to_int) {
+          right = ExprAsNativeInt(e1, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
+        } else {
+          right = Expr(e1, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
+          if (coerceE1) {
+            right = CoercionIfNecessary(e1.Type, TypeForCoercion(e1.Type), e1.tok, right);
+          }
+        }
+
+        EmitBinaryExprUsingConcreteSyntax(wr, binary.Type, preOpString, opString, left, right, callString, staticCallString, postOpString);
+      }
+    }
+
+    protected void EmitBinaryExprUsingConcreteSyntax(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, Type resultType, string preOpString,
+      string opString, ICanRender left, ICanRender right, string callString, string staticCallString,
+      string postOpString) {
+      wr.Write(preOpString);
+      if (opString != null) {
+        var nativeType = AsNativeType(resultType);
+        string nativeName = null;
+        bool needsCast = false;
+        if (nativeType != null) {
+          GetNativeInfo(nativeType.Sel, out nativeName, out _, out needsCast);
+        }
+
+        var opResult = ConcreteSyntaxTree.Create($"{left.InParens()} {opString} {right.InParens()}");
+        if (needsCast) {
+          opResult = Cast(new LineSegment(nativeName), opResult);
+        }
+
+        wr.Append(opResult);
+      } else if (callString != null) {
+        wr.Format($"{left.InParens()}.{callString}({right})");
+      } else if (staticCallString != null) {
+        wr.Format($"{staticCallString}({left}, {right})");
+      }
+
+      wr.Write(postOpString);
+    }
+
+    private void EmitMatchExpr(MatchExpr e, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
+      // ((System.Func<SourceType, TargetType>)((SourceType _source) => {
+      //   if (source.is_Ctor0) {
+      //     FormalType f0 = ((Dt_Ctor0)source._D).a0;
+      //     ...
+      //     return Body0;
+      //   } else if (...) {
+      //     ...
+      //   } else if (true) {
+      //     ...
+      //   }
+      // }))(src)
+
+      EmitLambdaApply(wr, out var wLambda, out var wArg);
+
+      string source = ProtectedFreshId("_source");
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree w;
+      w = CreateLambda(new List<Type>() { e.Source.Type }, e.tok, new List<string>() { source }, e.Type, wLambda,
+        wStmts);
+
+      if (e.Cases.Count == 0) {
+        // the verifier would have proved we never get here; still, we need some code that will compile
+        EmitAbsurd(null, w);
+      } else {
+        int i = 0;
+        var sourceType = (UserDefinedType)e.Source.Type.NormalizeExpand();
+        foreach (MatchCaseExpr mc in e.Cases) {
+          var wCase = MatchCasePrelude(source, sourceType, mc.Ctor, mc.Arguments, i, e.Cases.Count, w);
+          var continuation = new OptimizedExpressionContinuation(EmitReturnExpr, false);
+          TrExprOpt(mc.Body, mc.Body.Type, wCase, wStmts, inLetExprBody: true, accumulatorVar: null, continuation);
+          i++;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // We end with applying the source expression to the delegate we just built
+      EmitExpr(e.Source, inLetExprBody, wArg, wStmts);
+    }
+
+    protected virtual void EmitNestedMatchExpr(NestedMatchExpr match, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree output, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
+      var lambdaBody = EmitAppliedLambda(output, wStmts, match.Tok, match.Type);
+      var continuation = new OptimizedExpressionContinuation(EmitReturnExpr, false);
+      TrOptNestedMatchExpr(match, match.Type, lambdaBody, wStmts, inLetExprBody, null, continuation);
+    }
+
+    protected virtual void TrOptNestedMatchExpr(NestedMatchExpr match, Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, bool inLetExprBody, IVariable accumulatorVar, OptimizedExpressionContinuation continuation) {
+
+      wStmts = wr.Fork();
+
+      EmitNestedMatchGeneric(match, continuation.PreventCaseFallThrough, (caseIndex, caseBody) => {
+        var myCase = match.Cases[caseIndex];
+        TrExprOpt(myCase.Body, myCase.Body.Type, caseBody, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar: null, continuation);
+      }, inLetExprBody, wr);
+    }
+
+    private ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitAppliedLambda(ConcreteSyntaxTree output, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts,
+      IToken token, Type resultType) {
+      EmitLambdaApply(output, out var lambdaApplyTarget, out _);
+      return CreateLambda(new List<Type>(), token, new List<string>(), resultType, lambdaApplyTarget, wStmts);
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator/SinglePassCodeGenerator.Statement.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator/SinglePassCodeGenerator.Statement.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ecce27f2eea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator/SinglePassCodeGenerator.Statement.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,770 @@
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All Rights Reserved.
+// Copyright by the contributors to the Dafny Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+//
+//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using DafnyCore;
+using JetBrains.Annotations;
+using Microsoft.BaseTypes;
+using static Microsoft.Dafny.GeneratorErrors;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers {
+  public abstract partial class SinglePassCodeGenerator {
+    private VarDeclStmt enclosingVarDecl = null;
+    private int innerExtractIndex = -1;
+
+    private bool IsExtractStatement(Statement stmt, string expectedLeftName) {
+      return stmt is UpdateStmt updateStmt
+             && updateStmt.Rhss.Count() == 1
+             && updateStmt.Lhss.Count() == 1
+             && updateStmt.Lhss[0] is IdentifierExpr { Name: var leftName }
+             && leftName == expectedLeftName
+             && updateStmt.Rhss[0] is ExprRhs { Expr: ApplySuffix { Lhs: ExprDotName { SuffixName: "Extract" } } };
+    }
+
+    private int FindExtractStatement(List<Statement> stmts, string expectedLeftName) {
+      return stmts.FindIndex((stmt) => IsExtractStatement(stmt, expectedLeftName));
+    }
+
+    protected void TrStmt(Statement stmt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts = null) {
+      Contract.Requires(stmt != null);
+      Contract.Requires(wr != null);
+
+      wStmts ??= wr.Fork();
+
+      if (stmt.IsGhost) {
+        return;
+      }
+      switch (stmt) {
+        case PrintStmt printStmt: {
+            var s = printStmt;
+            foreach (var arg in s.Args) {
+              EmitPrintStmt(wr, arg);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case BreakStmt breakStmt: {
+            var s = breakStmt;
+            var label = s.TargetStmt.Labels.Data.AssignUniqueId(idGenerator);
+            if (s.IsContinue) {
+              EmitContinue(label, wr);
+            } else {
+              EmitBreak(label, wr);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case ProduceStmt produceStmt: {
+            var s = produceStmt;
+            var isTailRecursiveResult = false;
+            if (s.HiddenUpdate != null) {
+              TrStmt(s.HiddenUpdate, wr);
+              var ss = s.HiddenUpdate.ResolvedStatements;
+              if (ss.Count == 1 && ss[0] is AssignStmt assign && assign.Rhs is ExprRhs eRhs && eRhs.Expr.Resolved is FunctionCallExpr fce && IsTailRecursiveByMethodCall(fce)) {
+                isTailRecursiveResult = true;
+              }
+            }
+            if (s is YieldStmt) {
+              EmitYield(wr);
+            } else if (!isTailRecursiveResult) {
+              EmitReturn(this.enclosingMethod.Outs, wr);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case UpdateStmt updateStmt: {
+            var s = updateStmt;
+            var resolved = s.ResolvedStatements;
+            if (resolved.Count == 1) {
+              TrStmt(resolved[0], wr);
+            } else {
+              var assignStmts = resolved.Cast<AssignStmt>().Where(assignStmt => !assignStmt.IsGhost).ToList();
+              var lhss = new List<Expression>();
+              var rhss = new List<AssignmentRhs>();
+
+              // multi-assignment
+              Contract.Assert(s.Lhss.Count == resolved.Count);
+              Contract.Assert(s.Rhss.Count == resolved.Count);
+              var lhsTypes = new List<Type>();
+              var rhsTypes = new List<Type>();
+              foreach (var assignStmt in assignStmts) {
+                var rhs = assignStmt.Rhs;
+                if (rhs is not HavocRhs) {
+                  var lhs = assignStmt.Lhs;
+                  rhss.Add(rhs);
+                  lhss.Add(lhs);
+                  lhsTypes.Add(lhs.Type);
+                  rhsTypes.Add(TypeOfRhs(rhs));
+                }
+              }
+
+              var wStmtsPre = wStmts.Fork();
+              var lvalues = new List<ILvalue>();
+              foreach (Expression lhs in lhss) {
+                lvalues.Add(CreateLvalue(lhs, wStmts, wStmtsPre));
+              }
+
+              EmitMultiAssignment(lhss, lvalues, lhsTypes, out var wRhss, rhsTypes, wr);
+              for (int i = 0; i < wRhss.Count; i++) {
+                TrRhs(rhss[i], wRhss[i], wStmts);
+              }
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case AssignStmt assignStmt: {
+            var s = assignStmt;
+            Contract.Assert(s.Lhs is not SeqSelectExpr expr || expr.SelectOne);  // multi-element array assignments are not allowed
+            if (s.Rhs is HavocRhs) {
+            } else if (s.Rhs is TypeRhs typeRhs) {
+              var lvalue = CreateLvalue(s.Lhs, wr, wStmts);
+              wStmts = wr.Fork();
+              var wRhs = EmitAssignment(lvalue, TypeOfLhs(s.Lhs), TypeOfRhs(typeRhs), wr, assignStmt.Tok);
+              TrRhs(typeRhs, wRhs, wStmts);
+            } else {
+              var eRhs = (ExprRhs)s.Rhs;
+              if (eRhs.Expr.Resolved is FunctionCallExpr fce && IsTailRecursiveByMethodCall(fce)) {
+                TrTailCallStmt(s.Tok, fce.Function.ByMethodDecl, fce.Receiver, fce.Args, wr);
+              } else {
+                var lvalue = CreateLvalue(s.Lhs, wr, wStmts);
+                var doAssignment = (Expression e, Type resultType, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wrAssignment) => {
+                  var wStmtsBeforeAssignment = wrAssignment.Fork();
+                  var wRhs = EmitAssignment(lvalue, resultType, e.Type, wrAssignment, assignStmt.Tok);
+                  EmitExpr(e, false, wRhs, wStmtsBeforeAssignment);
+                };
+                var continuation = new OptimizedExpressionContinuation(doAssignment, true);
+                TrExprOpt(eRhs.Expr, TypeOfLhs(s.Lhs), wr, wStmts, false, null, continuation);
+              }
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case AssignSuchThatStmt thatStmt: {
+            var s = thatStmt;
+            var lhss = s.Lhss.ConvertAll(lhs => ((IdentifierExpr)lhs.Resolved).Var);  // the resolver allows only IdentifierExpr left-hand sides
+            var missingBounds = BoundedPool.MissingBounds(lhss, s.Bounds, BoundedPool.PoolVirtues.Enumerable);
+            if (missingBounds.Count != 0) {
+              foreach (var bv in missingBounds) {
+                Error(ErrorId.c_assign_such_that_is_too_complex, s.Tok, "this assign-such-that statement is too advanced for the current compiler; Dafny's heuristics cannot find any bound for variable '{0}'", wr, bv.Name);
+              }
+            } else {
+              Contract.Assert(s.Bounds != null);
+              TrAssignSuchThat(lhss, s.Expr, s.Bounds, wr, false);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case AssignOrReturnStmt assignOrReturnStmt: {
+            var s = assignOrReturnStmt;
+            var stmts = s.ResolvedStatements.ToList();
+            if (innerExtractIndex != -1 &&
+                enclosingVarDecl is { Update: var stmtUpdate, Locals: { Count: > 0 } locals }
+                && stmtUpdate == assignOrReturnStmt) {
+              // Wrap this UpdateStmt with a VarDecl containing this Local that we haven't emitted yet.
+              stmts[innerExtractIndex] =
+                new VarDeclStmt(enclosingVarDecl.RangeToken,
+                  new List<LocalVariable>() { locals[0] },
+                  (UpdateStmt)stmts[innerExtractIndex]);
+            }
+            TrStmtList(stmts, wr);
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case ExpectStmt expectStmt: {
+            // TODO there's potential here to use target-language specific features such as exceptions
+            // to make it more target-language idiomatic and improve performance
+            // For now, this code prints nicely only in the Rust code generator until we make it work for every code generator
+            var specialExpectEqualHandling = Options.Backend.TargetId == "rs";
+            if (
+              specialExpectEqualHandling &&
+              expectStmt.Expr is BinaryExpr { Op: BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq, ResolvedOp: var resolvedOp, E0: var e0, E1: var e1 }) {
+              // If it finds "expect a == b", it will rewrite the code to
+              // var _e0 = a;
+              // var _e1 = b;
+              // if _e0 != _e1 {
+              //   print "\nLeft:\n"
+              //   print _e0;
+              //   print "\nRight:\n"
+              //   print _e1;
+              //   <Halt statement>
+              // }
+              var e0Name = ProtectedFreshId("_e0");
+              var e1Name = ProtectedFreshId("_e1");
+              var e0Var = new LocalVariable(new RangeToken(Token.NoToken, Token.NoToken), e0Name, e0.Type, false);
+              var e1Var = new LocalVariable(new RangeToken(Token.NoToken, Token.NoToken), e1Name, e0.Type, false);
+              DeclareLocalVar(IdName(e0Var), null, e0.Tok, e0, false, wr);
+              DeclareLocalVar(IdName(e1Var), null, e1.tok, e1, false, wr);
+              var e0Ident = new IdentifierExpr(e0.tok, e0Name) {
+                Type = e0.Type,
+                Var = e0Var
+              };
+              var e1Ident = new IdentifierExpr(e1.tok, e0Name) {
+                Type = e1.Type,
+                Var = e1Var
+              };
+
+              ConcreteSyntaxTree bodyWriter = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, false, wr);
+              var negated = new UnaryOpExpr(expectStmt.Tok, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Not,
+                new BinaryExpr(expectStmt.Expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq,
+                  e0Ident,
+                  e1Ident) {
+                  ResolvedOp = resolvedOp,
+                  Type = Type.Bool
+                }) {
+                Type = Type.Bool
+              };
+              EmitExpr(negated, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
+              EmitPrintStmt(bodyWriter, new StringLiteralExpr(e0.tok, @"\nLeft:\n", false) {
+                Type = new SeqType(new CharType())
+              });
+              EmitPrintStmt(bodyWriter, e0Ident);
+              EmitPrintStmt(bodyWriter, new StringLiteralExpr(e1.tok, @"\nRight:\n", false) {
+                Type = new SeqType(new CharType())
+              });
+              EmitPrintStmt(bodyWriter, e1Ident);
+
+              EmitHalt(expectStmt.Tok, expectStmt.Message, bodyWriter);
+            } else {
+              ConcreteSyntaxTree bodyWriter = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, false, wr);
+              var negated = new UnaryOpExpr(expectStmt.Tok, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Not, expectStmt.Expr) { Type = Type.Bool };
+              EmitExpr(negated, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
+
+              EmitHalt(expectStmt.Tok, expectStmt.Message, bodyWriter);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case CallStmt callStmt: {
+            var s = callStmt;
+            var wrBefore = wr.Fork();
+            var wrCall = wr.Fork();
+            var wrAfter = wr;
+            TrCallStmt(s, null, wrCall, wrBefore, wrAfter);
+            break;
+          }
+        case BlockStmt blockStmt: {
+            var w = EmitBlock(wr);
+            TrStmtList(blockStmt.Body, w);
+            break;
+          }
+        case IfStmt ifStmt: {
+            IfStmt s = ifStmt;
+            if (s.Guard == null) {
+              // we can compile the branch of our choice
+              ConcreteSyntaxTree guardWriter;
+              if (s.Els == null) {
+                // let's compile the "else" branch, since that involves no work
+                // (still, let's leave a marker in the source code to indicate that this is what we did)
+                Coverage.UnusedInstrumentationPoint(s.Thn.Tok, "then branch");
+                var notFalse = (UnaryOpExpr)Expression.CreateNot(s.Thn.Tok, Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(s.Thn.Tok, false));
+                var thenWriter = EmitIf(out guardWriter, false, wr);
+                EmitUnaryExpr(ResolvedUnaryOp.BoolNot, notFalse.E, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
+                Coverage.Instrument(s.Tok, "implicit else branch", wr);
+                thenWriter = EmitIf(out guardWriter, false, thenWriter);
+                EmitUnaryExpr(ResolvedUnaryOp.BoolNot, notFalse.E, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
+                TrStmtList(new List<Statement>(), thenWriter);
+              } else {
+                // let's compile the "then" branch
+                wr = EmitIf(out guardWriter, false, wr);
+                EmitExpr(Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(s.Thn.tok, true), false, guardWriter, wStmts);
+                Coverage.Instrument(s.Thn.Tok, "then branch", wr);
+                TrStmtList(s.Thn.Body, wr);
+                Coverage.UnusedInstrumentationPoint(s.Els.Tok, "else branch");
+              }
+            } else {
+              var coverageForElse = Coverage.IsRecording && !(s.Els is IfStmt);
+              var thenWriter = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, s.Els != null || coverageForElse, wr);
+              EmitExpr(s.IsBindingGuard ? ((ExistsExpr)s.Guard).AlphaRename("eg_d") : s.Guard, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
+              // We'd like to do "TrStmt(s.Thn, indent)", except we want the scope of any existential variables to come inside the block
+              if (s.IsBindingGuard) {
+                IntroduceAndAssignBoundVars((ExistsExpr)s.Guard, thenWriter);
+              }
+              Coverage.Instrument(s.Thn.Tok, "then branch", thenWriter);
+              TrStmtList(s.Thn.Body, thenWriter);
+
+              if (coverageForElse) {
+                wr = EmitBlock(wr);
+                if (s.Els == null) {
+                  Coverage.Instrument(s.Tok, "implicit else branch", wr);
+                } else {
+                  Coverage.Instrument(s.Els.Tok, "else branch", wr);
+                }
+              }
+              if (s.Els != null) {
+                TrStmtNonempty(s.Els, wr, wStmts);
+              }
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case AlternativeStmt alternativeStmt: {
+            var s = alternativeStmt;
+            foreach (var alternative in s.Alternatives) {
+              var thn = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, true, wr);
+              EmitExpr(alternative.IsBindingGuard ? ((ExistsExpr)alternative.Guard).AlphaRename("eg_d") : alternative.Guard, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
+              if (alternative.IsBindingGuard) {
+                IntroduceAndAssignBoundVars((ExistsExpr)alternative.Guard, thn);
+              }
+              Coverage.Instrument(alternative.Tok, "if-case branch", thn);
+              TrStmtList(alternative.Body, thn);
+            }
+            var wElse = EmitBlock(wr);
+            EmitAbsurd("unreachable alternative", wElse);
+            break;
+          }
+        case WhileStmt whileStmt: {
+            WhileStmt s = whileStmt;
+            if (s.Body == null) {
+              return;
+            }
+            if (s.Guard == null) {
+              // This loop is allowed to stop iterating at any time. We choose to never iterate, but we still
+              // emit a loop structure. The structure "while (false) { }" comes to mind, but that results in
+              // an "unreachable code" error from Java, so we instead use "while (true) { break; }".
+              var wBody = CreateWhileLoop(out var guardWriter, wr);
+              EmitExpr(Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(s.Body.tok, true), false, guardWriter, wStmts);
+              EmitBreak(null, wBody);
+              Coverage.UnusedInstrumentationPoint(s.Body.Tok, "while body");
+            } else {
+              var guardWriter = EmitWhile(s.Body.Tok, s.Body.Body, s.Labels, wr);
+              EmitExpr(s.Guard, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case AlternativeLoopStmt loopStmt: {
+            if (loopStmt.Alternatives.Count != 0) {
+              var w = CreateWhileLoop(out var whileGuardWriter, wr);
+              EmitExpr(Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(loopStmt.tok, true), false, whileGuardWriter, wStmts);
+              w = EmitContinueLabel(loopStmt.Labels, w);
+              foreach (var alternative in loopStmt.Alternatives) {
+                var thn = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, true, w);
+                EmitExpr(alternative.Guard, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
+                Coverage.Instrument(alternative.Tok, "while-case branch", thn);
+                TrStmtList(alternative.Body, thn);
+              }
+              var wElse = EmitBlock(w);
+              {
+                EmitBreak(null, wElse);
+              }
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case ForLoopStmt loopStmt: {
+            var s = loopStmt;
+            if (s.Body == null) {
+              return;
+            }
+            string endVarName = null;
+            if (s.End != null) {
+              // introduce a variable to hold the value of the end-expression
+              endVarName = ProtectedFreshId(s.GoingUp ? "_hi" : "_lo");
+              wStmts = wr.Fork();
+              EmitExpr(s.End, false, DeclareLocalVar(endVarName, s.End.Type, s.End.tok, wr), wStmts);
+            }
+            var startExprWriter = EmitForStmt(s.Tok, s.LoopIndex, s.GoingUp, endVarName, s.Body.Body, s.Labels, wr);
+            EmitExpr(s.Start, false, startExprWriter, wStmts);
+            break;
+          }
+        case ForallStmt forallStmt: {
+            var s = forallStmt;
+            if (s.Kind != ForallStmt.BodyKind.Assign) {
+              // Call and Proof have no side effects, so they can simply be optimized away.
+              return;
+            } else if (s.BoundVars.Count == 0) {
+              // the bound variables just spell out a single point, so the forall statement is equivalent to one execution of the body
+              TrStmt(s.Body, wr);
+              return;
+            }
+            var s0 = (AssignStmt)s.S0;
+            if (s0.Rhs is HavocRhs) {
+              // The forall statement says to havoc a bunch of things.  This can be efficiently compiled
+              // into doing nothing.
+              return;
+            }
+            var rhs = ((ExprRhs)s0.Rhs).Expr;
+
+            if (CanSequentializeForall(s.BoundVars, s.Bounds, s.Range, s0.Lhs, rhs)) {
+              // Just put the statement inside the loops
+              var wLoop = CompileGuardedLoops(s.BoundVars, s.Bounds, s.Range, wr);
+              TrStmt(s0, wLoop);
+            } else {
+              // Compile:
+              //   forall (w,x,y,z | Range(w,x,y,z)) {
+              //     LHS(w,x,y,z) := RHS(w,x,y,z);
+              //   }
+              // where w,x,y,z have types seq<W>,set<X>,int,bool and LHS has L-1 top-level subexpressions
+              // (that is, L denotes the number of top-level subexpressions of LHS plus 1),
+              // into:
+              //   var ingredients = new List< L-Tuple >();
+              //   foreach (W w in sq.UniqueElements) {
+              //     foreach (X x in st.Elements) {
+              //       for (BigInteger y = Lo; j < Hi; j++) {
+              //         for (bool z in Helper.AllBooleans) {
+              //           if (Range(w,x,y,z)) {
+              //             ingredients.Add(new L-Tuple( LHS0(w,x,y,z), LHS1(w,x,y,z), ..., RHS(w,x,y,z) ));
+              //           }
+              //         }
+              //       }
+              //     }
+              //   }
+              //   foreach (L-Tuple l in ingredients) {
+              //     LHS[ l0, l1, l2, ..., l(L-2) ] = l(L-1);
+              //   }
+              //
+              // Note, because the .NET Tuple class only supports up to 8 components, the compiler implementation
+              // here supports arrays only up to 6 dimensions.  This does not seem like a serious practical limitation.
+              // However, it may be more noticeable if the forall statement supported forall assignments in its
+              // body.  To support cases where tuples would need more than 8 components, .NET Tuple's would have to
+              // be nested.
+
+              // Temporary names
+              var c = ProtectedFreshNumericId("_ingredients+_tup");
+              string ingredients = "_ingredients" + c;
+              string tup = "_tup" + c;
+
+              // Compute L
+              int L;
+              string tupleTypeArgs;
+              List<Type> tupleTypeArgsList;
+              if (s0.Lhs is MemberSelectExpr) {
+                var lhs = (MemberSelectExpr)s0.Lhs;
+                L = 2;
+                tupleTypeArgs = TypeArgumentName(lhs.Obj.Type, wr, lhs.tok);
+                tupleTypeArgsList = new List<Type> { lhs.Obj.Type };
+              } else if (s0.Lhs is SeqSelectExpr) {
+                var lhs = (SeqSelectExpr)s0.Lhs;
+                L = 3;
+                // note, we might as well do the BigInteger-to-int cast for array indices here, before putting things into the Tuple rather than when they are extracted from the Tuple
+                tupleTypeArgs = TypeArgumentName(lhs.Seq.Type, wr, lhs.tok) + IntSelect;
+                tupleTypeArgsList = new List<Type> { lhs.Seq.Type, null };
+              } else {
+                var lhs = (MultiSelectExpr)s0.Lhs;
+                L = 2 + lhs.Indices.Count;
+                if (8 < L) {
+                  Error(ErrorId.c_no_assignments_to_seven_d_arrays, lhs.tok, "compiler currently does not support assignments to more-than-6-dimensional arrays in forall statements", wr);
+                  return;
+                }
+                tupleTypeArgs = TypeArgumentName(lhs.Array.Type, wr, lhs.tok);
+                tupleTypeArgsList = new List<Type> { lhs.Array.Type };
+                for (int i = 0; i < lhs.Indices.Count; i++) {
+                  // note, we might as well do the BigInteger-to-int cast for array indices here, before putting things into the Tuple rather than when they are extracted from the Tuple
+                  tupleTypeArgs += IntSelect;
+                  tupleTypeArgsList.Add(null);
+                }
+
+              }
+              tupleTypeArgs += "," + TypeArgumentName(rhs.Type, wr, rhs.tok);
+              tupleTypeArgsList.Add(rhs.Type);
+
+              // declare and construct "ingredients"
+              var wrOuter = EmitIngredients(wr, ingredients, L, tupleTypeArgs, s, s0, rhs);
+
+              //   foreach (L-Tuple l in ingredients) {
+              //     LHS[ l0, l1, l2, ..., l(L-2) ] = l(L-1);
+              //   }
+              TargetTupleSize = L;
+              wr = CreateForeachIngredientLoop(tup, L, tupleTypeArgs, out var collWriter, wrOuter);
+              collWriter.Write(ingredients);
+              {
+                var wTup = new ConcreteSyntaxTree(wr.RelativeIndentLevel);
+                var wCoerceTup = EmitCoercionToArbitraryTuple(wTup);
+                wCoerceTup.Write(tup);
+                tup = wTup.ToString();
+              }
+              if (s0.Lhs is MemberSelectExpr) {
+                EmitMemberSelect(s0, tupleTypeArgsList, wr, tup);
+              } else if (s0.Lhs is SeqSelectExpr) {
+                EmitSeqSelect(s0, tupleTypeArgsList, wr, tup);
+              } else {
+                EmitMultiSelect(s0, tupleTypeArgsList, wr, tup, L);
+              }
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case NestedMatchStmt nestedMatchStmt:
+          EmitNestedMatchStmt(nestedMatchStmt, wr);
+          break;
+        case MatchStmt matchStmt:
+          EmitMatchStmt(wr, matchStmt);
+          break;
+        case VarDeclStmt declStmt: {
+            var s = declStmt;
+            var i = 0;
+            // Optimization (especially useful for Rust) so that if we have
+            // var o :- B;
+            // We won't declare o until we assign it with o := tmp.Extract();
+            var indexExtract = -1;
+            if (s.Update is AssignOrReturnStmt { ResolvedStatements: var stmts }
+                && s.Locals.Count > 0) {
+              indexExtract = FindExtractStatement(stmts, s.Locals[0].Name);
+            }
+
+            foreach (var local in s.Locals) {
+              bool hasRhs = s.Update is AssignSuchThatStmt || s.Update is AssignOrReturnStmt;
+              if (!hasRhs && s.Update is UpdateStmt u) {
+                if (i < u.Rhss.Count && u.Rhss[i] is HavocRhs) {
+                  // there's no specific initial value
+                } else {
+                  hasRhs = true;
+                }
+              }
+
+              // The head variable of an elephant assignment will be declared by its desugaring
+              if (i != 0 || indexExtract == -1) {
+                TrLocalVar(local, !hasRhs, wr);
+              }
+
+              i++;
+            }
+
+            enclosingVarDecl = s;
+            innerExtractIndex = indexExtract;
+            if (s.Update != null) {
+              TrStmt(s.Update, wr);
+            }
+            enclosingVarDecl = null;
+            innerExtractIndex = -1;
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case VarDeclPattern pattern: {
+            var s = pattern;
+            if (Contract.Exists(s.LHS.Vars, bv => !bv.IsGhost)) {
+              TrCasePatternOpt(s.LHS, s.RHS, wr, false);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case ModifyStmt modifyStmt: {
+            var s = modifyStmt;
+            if (s.Body != null) {
+              TrStmt(s.Body, wr);
+            }
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case TryRecoverStatement h:
+          EmitHaltRecoveryStmt(h.TryBody, IdName(h.HaltMessageVar), h.RecoverBody, wr);
+          break;
+        default:
+          Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected statement
+      }
+    }
+
+    private void EmitMatchStmt(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, MatchStmt s) {
+      // Type source = e;
+      // if (source.is_Ctor0) {
+      //   FormalType f0 = ((Dt_Ctor0)source._D).a0;
+      //   ...
+      //   Body0;
+      // } else if (...) {
+      //   ...
+      // } else if (true) {
+      //   ...
+      // }
+      if (s.Cases.Count != 0) {
+        string source = ProtectedFreshId("_source");
+        DeclareLocalVar(source, s.Source.Type, s.Source.tok, s.Source, false, wr);
+
+        int i = 0;
+        var sourceType = (UserDefinedType)s.Source.Type.NormalizeExpand();
+        foreach (MatchCaseStmt mc in s.Cases) {
+          var w = MatchCasePrelude(source, sourceType, cce.NonNull(mc.Ctor), mc.Arguments, i, s.Cases.Count, wr);
+          TrStmtList(mc.Body, w);
+          i++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    protected virtual void EmitNestedMatchStmt(NestedMatchStmt match, ConcreteSyntaxTree writer) {
+      EmitNestedMatchGeneric(match, true, (caseIndex, caseBody) => {
+        TrStmtList(match.Cases[caseIndex].Body, caseBody);
+      }, false, writer);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Given
+    /// 
+    ///   match a
+    ///   case X(Y(b),Z(W(c)) => body1
+    ///   case r => body2
+    /// 
+    /// If there are no cases, then emit:
+    ///
+    ///   throw ABSURD;
+    ///
+    /// Else, emit:
+    /// 
+    ///   BLOCK {
+    ///     {  // this defines the scope for any new local variables in the case
+    ///       if (a is X) {
+    ///         var x0 = ((X)a).0;
+    ///         if (x0 is Y) {
+    ///           var b = ((Y)x0).0;
+    /// 
+    ///           var x1 = ((X)a).1; 
+    ///           if (x1 is Z) {
+    ///             var xz0 = ((Z)x1).0;
+    ///             if (xz0 is W) {
+    ///               var c = ((W)xz0).0;
+    /// 
+    ///               body1;
+    ///               break BLOCK;
+    ///           }
+    ///         }
+    ///       }
+    ///     }
+    /// 
+    ///     {
+    ///       var r = a;
+    ///       body2;
+    ///     }
+    ///   }
+    /// 
+    /// </summary>
+    private void EmitNestedMatchGeneric(INestedMatch match, bool preventCaseFallThrough, Action<int, ConcreteSyntaxTree> emitBody,
+      bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
+      if (match.Cases.Count == 0) {
+        // the verifier would have proved we never get here; still, we need some code that will compile
+        EmitAbsurd(null, output);
+      } else {
+        string sourceName = ProtectedFreshId("_source");
+        DeclareLocalVar(sourceName, match.Source.Type, match.Source.tok, match.Source, inLetExprBody, output);
+
+        var label = preventCaseFallThrough ? ProtectedFreshId("match") : null;
+        if (label != null) {
+          output = CreateLabeledCode(label, false, output);
+        }
+
+        var sourceType = match.Source.Type.NormalizeExpand();
+        for (var index = 0; index < match.Cases.Count; index++) {
+          var myCase = match.Cases[index];
+          var lastCase = index == match.Cases.Count - 1;
+
+          var caseBlock = EmitBlock(output);
+          var innerWriter = EmitNestedMatchCaseConditions(sourceName, sourceType, myCase.Pat, caseBlock, lastCase);
+          Coverage.Instrument(myCase.Tok, "case body", innerWriter);
+
+          emitBody(index, innerWriter);
+          if (label != null && !lastCase) {
+            EmitBreak(label, innerWriter);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    private ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitNestedMatchCaseConditions(string sourceName, Type sourceType,
+      ExtendedPattern pattern, ConcreteSyntaxTree writer, bool lastCase) {
+
+      var litExpression = MatchFlattener.GetLiteralExpressionFromPattern(pattern);
+      if (litExpression != null) {
+        if (lastCase) {
+          return writer;
+        }
+
+        var thenWriter = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, false, writer);
+        CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.EqCommon, sourceType, litExpression.Type, pattern.Tok, Type.Bool,
+          out var opString, out var preOpString, out var postOpString, out var callString, out var staticCallString,
+          out _, out _, out _, out _,
+          writer);
+        var right = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
+        EmitExpr(litExpression, false, right, writer);
+        EmitBinaryExprUsingConcreteSyntax(guardWriter, Type.Bool, preOpString, opString, new LineSegment(sourceName), right, callString, staticCallString, postOpString);
+        return thenWriter;
+
+      } else if (pattern is IdPattern idPattern) {
+        if (idPattern.BoundVar == null) {
+          return EmitNestedMatchStmtCaseConstructor(sourceName, sourceType, idPattern, writer, lastCase);
+        }
+
+        var boundVar = idPattern.BoundVar;
+        if (!boundVar.Tok.val.StartsWith(IdPattern.WildcardString)) {
+          var valueWriter = DeclareLocalVar(IdName(boundVar), boundVar.Type, idPattern.Tok, writer);
+          valueWriter.Write(sourceName);
+        }
+        return writer;
+
+      } else if (pattern is DisjunctivePattern disjunctivePattern) {
+        if (lastCase) {
+          return writer;
+        }
+
+        string disjunctiveMatch = ProtectedFreshId("disjunctiveMatch");
+        DeclareLocalVar(disjunctiveMatch, Type.Bool, disjunctivePattern.Tok, Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(disjunctivePattern.Tok, false), false, writer);
+        foreach (var alternative in disjunctivePattern.Alternatives) {
+          var alternativeWriter = EmitNestedMatchCaseConditions(sourceName, sourceType, alternative, writer, lastCase);
+          EmitAssignment(disjunctiveMatch, Type.Bool, True, Type.Bool, alternativeWriter);
+        }
+        writer = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, false, writer);
+        guardWriter.Write(disjunctiveMatch);
+        return writer;
+
+      } else {
+        throw new Exception();
+      }
+    }
+
+    private ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitNestedMatchStmtCaseConstructor(string sourceName, Type sourceType,
+      IdPattern idPattern,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree result, bool lastCase) {
+      var ctor = idPattern.Ctor;
+
+      if (!lastCase && ctor.EnclosingDatatype.Ctors.Count != 1) {
+        result = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, false, result);
+        EmitConstructorCheck(sourceName, ctor, guardWriter);
+      }
+
+      var userDefinedType = (UserDefinedType)sourceType.NormalizeExpand();
+
+      var typeSubstMap =
+        TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(userDefinedType.ResolvedClass.TypeArgs, userDefinedType.TypeArgs);
+      int nonGhostIndex = 0; // number of processed non-ghost arguments
+      for (int index = 0; index < ctor.Formals.Count; index++) {
+        var arg = ctor.Formals[index];
+
+        if (arg.IsGhost) {
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        var type = arg.Type.Subst(typeSubstMap);
+        // ((Dt_Ctor0)source._D).a0;
+        var destructor = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
+        EmitDestructor(wr => EmitIdentifier(sourceName, wr), arg, nonGhostIndex, ctor,
+          () => SelectNonGhost(userDefinedType.ResolvedClass, userDefinedType.TypeArgs), type, destructor);
+
+        if (idPattern.Arguments != null) {
+          string newSourceName;
+          var childPattern = idPattern.Arguments[index];
+          if (childPattern is IdPattern { BoundVar: not null } childIdPattern) {
+            var boundVar = childIdPattern.BoundVar;
+            if (!childIdPattern.BoundVar.Name.StartsWith(IdPattern.WildcardString)) {
+              newSourceName = IdName(boundVar);
+              var valueWriter = DeclareLocalVar(newSourceName, boundVar.Type, idPattern.Tok, result);
+              valueWriter.Append(destructor);
+            }
+          } else {
+            newSourceName = ProtectedFreshId(arg.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator));
+            var valueWriter = DeclareLocalVar(newSourceName, type, idPattern.Tok, result);
+            valueWriter.Append(destructor);
+            result = EmitNestedMatchCaseConditions(newSourceName, type, childPattern, result, lastCase);
+          }
+        }
+        nonGhostIndex++;
+      }
+
+      return result;
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator/SinglePassCodeGenerator.cs
similarity index 79%
rename from Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator.cs
rename to Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator/SinglePassCodeGenerator.cs
index 9d65fc89805..c7993c0365a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Backends/SinglePassCodeGenerator/SinglePassCodeGenerator.cs
@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.CommandLine;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Numerics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using DafnyCore;
 using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using Microsoft.BaseTypes;
 using static Microsoft.Dafny.GeneratorErrors;
@@ -24,12 +24,16 @@ public static bool CanCompile(this ModuleDefinition module) {
     }
   }
 
-  public abstract class SinglePassCodeGenerator {
+  public abstract partial class SinglePassCodeGenerator {
+    // Dafny names cannot start with "_". Hence, if an internal Dafny name is problematic in the target language,
+    // we can prefix it with "_".
+    // This prefix can be overridden as necessary by backends.
+    protected virtual string InternalFieldPrefix => "_";
     public DafnyOptions Options { get; }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Emits a call to <c>mainMethod</c> as the program's entry point, if such an explicit call is
-    /// required in the target language.
+    /// required in the target language.<<
     /// </summary>
     public abstract void EmitCallToMain(Method mainMethod, string baseName, ConcreteSyntaxTree callToMainTree);
 
@@ -63,11 +67,14 @@ public abstract class SinglePassCodeGenerator {
     protected ModuleDefinition enclosingModule; // non-null when a module body is being translated
     protected Method enclosingMethod;  // non-null when a method body is being translated
     protected Function enclosingFunction;  // non-null when a function body is being translated
+    protected Declaration enclosingDeclaration; // non-null when a declaration body is being translated
 
-    protected internal readonly FreshIdGenerator idGenerator = new FreshIdGenerator();
+    protected internal readonly CodeGenIdGenerator idGenerator = new CodeGenIdGenerator();
 
-    private protected string ProtectedFreshId(string prefix) => IdProtect(idGenerator.FreshId(prefix));
-    private protected string ProtectedFreshNumericId(string prefix) => IdProtect(idGenerator.FreshNumericId(prefix));
+    protected internal CodeGenIdGenerator currentIdGenerator => enclosingDeclaration?.CodeGenIdGenerator ?? idGenerator;
+
+    private protected string ProtectedFreshId(string prefix) => IdProtect(currentIdGenerator.FreshId(prefix));
+    private protected string ProtectedFreshNumericId(string prefix) => IdProtect(currentIdGenerator.FreshNumericId(prefix));
 
     Dictionary<Expression, int> uniqueAstNumbers = new Dictionary<Expression, int>();
     int GetUniqueAstNumber(Expression expr) {
@@ -176,12 +183,12 @@ protected void CheckSystemModulePopulatedToCommonLimits(SystemModuleManager syst
     /// </summary>
     protected abstract ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateStaticMain(IClassWriter wr, string argsParameterName);
     protected abstract ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition externModule,
-      string libraryName /*?*/, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr);
+      string libraryName /*?*/, Attributes moduleAttributes, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr);
     /// <summary>
     /// Indicates the current program depends on the given module without creating it.
     /// Called when a module is out of scope for compilation, such as when using --library.
     /// </summary>
-    protected virtual void DependOnModule(string moduleName, bool isDefault, ModuleDefinition externModule,
+    protected virtual void DependOnModule(Program program, ModuleDefinition module, ModuleDefinition externModule,
       string libraryName /*?*/) { }
     protected abstract string GetHelperModuleName();
     protected interface IClassWriter {
@@ -203,6 +210,7 @@ protected interface IClassWriter {
     protected virtual bool IncludeExternMembers { get => false; }
     protected virtual bool SupportsStaticsInGenericClasses => true;
     protected virtual bool TraitRepeatsInheritedDeclarations => false;
+    protected virtual bool ClassMethodsAllowedToCallTraitMethods => true;
     protected IClassWriter CreateClass(string moduleName, string name, TopLevelDecl cls, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       return CreateClass(moduleName, name, false, null, cls.TypeArgs,
         cls, (cls as TopLevelDeclWithMembers)?.ParentTypeInformation.UniqueParentTraits(), null, wr);
@@ -403,6 +411,9 @@ protected virtual void DeclareLocalVar(string name, Type /*?*/ type, IToken /*?*
     protected virtual void DeclareLocalVar(string name, Type/*?*/ type, IToken/*?*/ tok, Expression rhs, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       var wStmts = wr.Fork();
       var w = DeclareLocalVar(name, type ?? rhs.Type, tok, wr);
+      if (type != null && !type.Equals(rhs.Type)) {
+        w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(rhs.Type, type, rhs.tok, w);
+      }
       EmitExpr(rhs, inLetExprBody, w, wStmts);
     }
 
@@ -442,7 +453,8 @@ protected virtual void EmitCastOutParameterSplits(string outCollector, List<stri
 
     protected abstract void EmitActualTypeArgs(List<Type> typeArgs, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr);
 
-    protected virtual void EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(string protectedName, List<Type> typeArgs, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected virtual void EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(string protectedName, List<Type> typeArgs, IToken tok,
+      [CanBeNull] Expression replacementReceiver, bool receiverAsArgument, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       wr.Write(protectedName);
       EmitActualTypeArgs(typeArgs, tok, wr);
     }
@@ -519,7 +531,7 @@ protected virtual void EmitMultiAssignment(List<Expression> lhsExprs, List<ILval
           } else if (lexpr is MemberSelectExpr memberSelectExpr) {
             string target = EmitAssignmentLhs(memberSelectExpr.Obj, wr);
             var typeArgs = TypeArgumentInstantiation.ListFromMember(memberSelectExpr.Member,
-              null, memberSelectExpr.TypeApplication_JustMember);
+              null, memberSelectExpr.TypeApplicationJustMember);
             ILvalue newLhs = EmitMemberSelect(w => EmitIdentifier(target, w), memberSelectExpr.Obj.Type, memberSelectExpr.Member, typeArgs,
               memberSelectExpr.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents(), memberSelectExpr.Type, internalAccess: enclosingMethod is Constructor);
             lhssn.Add(newLhs);
@@ -565,10 +577,13 @@ protected virtual void EmitSetterParameter(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
     }
     protected abstract void EmitPrintStmt(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, Expression arg);
     protected abstract void EmitReturn(List<Formal> outParams, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr);
-    protected virtual void EmitReturnExpr(Expression expr, Type resultType, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {  // emits "return <expr>;" for function bodies
+    protected void EmitReturnExpr(Expression expr, Type resultType, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {  // emits "return <expr>;" for function bodies
       var wStmts = wr.Fork();
-      var w = EmitReturnExpr(wr);
-      EmitExpr(expr, inLetExprBody, EmitCoercionIfNecessary(expr.Type, resultType, null, w), wStmts);
+      wr = EmitReturnExpr(wr);
+      var fromType = thisContext == null ? expr.Type : expr.Type.Subst(thisContext.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
+      wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(fromType, resultType, expr.tok, wr);
+      wr = EmitDowncastIfNecessary(fromType, resultType, expr.tok, wr);
+      EmitExpr(expr, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
     }
     protected virtual void EmitReturnExpr(string returnExpr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {  // emits "return <returnExpr>;" for function bodies
       var w = EmitReturnExpr(wr);
@@ -675,6 +690,7 @@ protected abstract ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateForeachLoop(
     private ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateGuardedForeachLoop(
       string tmpVarName, Type collectionElementType,
       IVariable boundVar,
+      bool newtypeConversionsWereExplicit,
       bool introduceBoundVar, bool inLetExprBody,
       IToken tok, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> collection, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr
       ) {
@@ -683,7 +699,7 @@ private ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateGuardedForeachLoop(
       wr = MaybeInjectSubtypeConstraintWrtTraits(tmpVarName, collectionElementType, boundVar.Type, inLetExprBody, tok, wr);
       EmitDowncastVariableAssignment(IdName(boundVar), boundVar.Type, tmpVarName, collectionElementType,
           introduceBoundVar, tok, wr);
-      wr = MaybeInjectSubsetConstraint(boundVar, boundVar.Type, inLetExprBody, tok, wr);
+      wr = MaybeInjectSubsetConstraint(boundVar, boundVar.Type, inLetExprBody, tok, wr, newtypeConversionsWereExplicit);
       return wr;
     }
 
@@ -927,7 +943,7 @@ public bool IsTargetSupertype(Type to, Type from, bool typeEqualityOnly = false)
       } else if (to.IsObjectQ) {
         return true;
       } else {
-        return from.ParentTypes().Any(fromParentType => IsTargetSupertype(to, fromParentType));
+        return from.ParentTypes(false).Any(fromParentType => IsTargetSupertype(to, fromParentType));
       }
     }
 
@@ -971,9 +987,12 @@ protected virtual string IdName(TypeParameter tp) {
       Contract.Requires(tp != null);
       return IdProtect(tp.GetCompileName(Options));
     }
+    protected virtual string GetCompileNameNotProtected(IVariable v) {
+      return v.GetOrCreateCompileName(currentIdGenerator);
+    }
     protected virtual string IdName(IVariable v) {
       Contract.Requires(v != null);
-      return IdProtect(v.CompileName);
+      return IdProtect(GetCompileNameNotProtected(v));
     }
     protected virtual string IdMemberName(MemberSelectExpr mse) {
       Contract.Requires(mse != null);
@@ -1195,12 +1214,15 @@ protected ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitArrayUpdate(List<Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree>> in
       return wArray;
     }
     /// <summary>
-    /// Given a target-language expression "arrayIndex" that of the target array-index type, return an
-    /// expression that denotes "arrayIndex" as a Dafny "int" (that is, a BigInteger).
+    /// wIndex makes it possible to write the target-language expression "arrayIndex" that of the target
+    /// array-index type, and this might wrap that expression to be a Dafny "int" (that is, a BigInteger).
     /// </summary>
-    protected virtual string ArrayIndexToInt(string arrayIndex) {
-      Contract.Requires(arrayIndex != null);
-      return arrayIndex;
+    protected virtual void EmitArrayIndexToInt(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wIndex) {
+      wIndex = wr;
+    }
+
+    protected virtual void EmitArrayFinalize(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, out ConcreteSyntaxTree wrArray, Type typeRhsType) {
+      wrArray = wr;
     }
 
     protected virtual ConcreteSyntaxTree ExprToInt(Type fromType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
@@ -1253,7 +1275,9 @@ protected virtual void EmitConstructorCheck(string source, DatatypeCtor ctor, Co
     /// However, EmitDestructor may also need to perform a cast on "source".
     /// Furthermore, EmitDestructor also needs to work for anonymous destructors.
     /// </summary>
-    protected abstract void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source, Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex, DatatypeCtor ctor, List<Type> typeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr);
+    protected abstract void EmitDestructor(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> source,
+      Formal dtor, int formalNonGhostIndex,
+      DatatypeCtor ctor, Func<List<Type>> getTypeArgs, Type bvType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr);
     protected abstract ConcreteSyntaxTree CreateLambda(List<Type> inTypes, IToken tok, List<string> inNames,
       Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, bool untyped = false);
 
@@ -1292,7 +1316,7 @@ protected abstract void EmitUnaryExpr(ResolvedUnaryOp op, Expression expr, bool
       ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts);
 
     protected virtual void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
-      Expression e0, Expression e1, IToken tok, Type resultType,
+      Type e0Type, Type e1Type, IToken tok, Type resultType,
       out string opString,
       out string preOpString,
       out string postOpString,
@@ -1385,13 +1409,13 @@ protected virtual void CompileBinOp(BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode op,
       if (dualOp != BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Add) {  // remember from above that Add stands for "there is no dual"
         Contract.Assert(negatedOp == BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Add);
         CompileBinOp(dualOp,
-          e1, e0, tok, resultType.GetRuntimeType(),
+          e1Type, e0Type, tok, resultType.GetRuntimeType(),
           out opString, out preOpString, out postOpString, out callString, out staticCallString, out reverseArguments, out truncateResult, out convertE1_to_int, out coerceE1,
           errorWr);
         reverseArguments = !reverseArguments;
       } else if (negatedOp != BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Add) {  // remember from above that Add stands for "there is no negated op"
         CompileBinOp(negatedOp,
-          e0, e1, tok, resultType.GetRuntimeType(),
+          e0Type, e1Type, tok, resultType.GetRuntimeType(),
           out opString, out preOpString, out postOpString, out callString, out staticCallString, out reverseArguments, out truncateResult, out convertE1_to_int, out coerceE1,
           errorWr);
         preOpString = "!" + preOpString;
@@ -1443,7 +1467,8 @@ protected abstract void EmitMapDisplay(MapType mt, IToken tok, List<ExpressionPa
     /// <summary>
     /// The "ct" type is either a SetType or a MapType.
     /// </summary>
-    protected abstract string GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr);
+    protected abstract void GetCollectionBuilder_Build(CollectionType ct, IToken tok, string collName,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmt);
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Returns a pair (ty, f) where
@@ -1497,6 +1522,41 @@ public void Compile(Program program, ConcreteSyntaxTree wrx) {
       EmitFooter(program, wrx);
     }
 
+    protected (bool classIsExtern, bool included) GetIsExternAndIncluded(ClassLikeDecl cl) {
+      var include = true;
+      var classIsExtern = false;
+      if (include) {
+        classIsExtern = !Options.DisallowExterns && Attributes.Contains(cl.Attributes, "extern");
+        if (classIsExtern && cl.Members.TrueForAll(member =>
+              member.IsGhost || Attributes.Contains(member.Attributes, "extern"))) {
+          include = false;
+        }
+      }
+
+      return (classIsExtern, include);
+    }
+
+    protected bool HasCompilationMaterial(MemberDecl memberDecl) {
+      return !memberDecl.IsGhost && (Options.DisallowExterns || !Attributes.Contains(memberDecl.Attributes, "extern"));
+    }
+
+    protected (bool classIsExtern, bool included) GetIsExternAndIncluded(DefaultClassDecl defaultClassDecl) {
+      var hasCompilationMaterial = defaultClassDecl.Members.Exists(HasCompilationMaterial);
+      var include = hasCompilationMaterial;
+      var classIsExtern = false;
+      if (include) {
+        classIsExtern =
+          (!Options.DisallowExterns && Attributes.Contains(defaultClassDecl.Attributes, "extern")) ||
+          Attributes.Contains(defaultClassDecl.EnclosingModuleDefinition.Attributes, "extern");
+        if (classIsExtern && defaultClassDecl.Members.TrueForAll(member =>
+              member.IsGhost || Attributes.Contains(member.Attributes, "extern"))) {
+          include = false;
+        }
+      }
+
+      return (classIsExtern, include);
+    }
+
     private void EmitModule(Program program, ConcreteSyntaxTree programNode, ModuleDefinition module) {
       if (!module.CanCompile()) {
         // the purpose of an abstract module is to skip compilation
@@ -1519,17 +1579,16 @@ private void EmitModule(Program program, ConcreteSyntaxTree programNode, ModuleD
       }
 
       if (!module.ShouldCompile(program.Compilation)) {
-        DependOnModule(module.GetCompileName(Options), module.IsDefaultModule, externModule, libraryName);
+        DependOnModule(program, module, externModule, libraryName);
         return;
       }
 
-      var wr = CreateModule(module.GetCompileName(Options), module.IsDefaultModule, externModule, libraryName, programNode);
-      var v = new CheckHasNoAssumes_Visitor(this, wr);
       Contract.Assert(enclosingModule == null);
       enclosingModule = module;
+      var wr = CreateModule(module.GetCompileName(Options), module.IsDefaultModule, externModule, libraryName, module.Attributes, programNode);
+      var v = new CheckHasNoAssumes_Visitor(this, wr);
       foreach (TopLevelDecl d in module.TopLevelDecls) {
-        bool compileIt = true;
-        if (Attributes.ContainsBool(d.Attributes, "compile", ref compileIt) && !compileIt) {
+        if (!ProgramResolver.ShouldCompile(d)) {
           continue;
         }
 
@@ -1587,11 +1646,6 @@ private void EmitModule(Program program, ConcreteSyntaxTree programNode, ModuleD
           }
         } else if (d is IteratorDecl) {
           var iter = (IteratorDecl)d;
-          if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism && iter.Outs.Count > 0) {
-            Error(ErrorId.c_iterators_are_not_deterministic, iter.tok,
-              "since yield parameters are initialized arbitrarily, iterators are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option",
-              wr);
-          }
 
           var wIter = CreateIterator(iter, wr);
           if (iter.Body == null) {
@@ -1607,19 +1661,7 @@ private void EmitModule(Program program, ConcreteSyntaxTree programNode, ModuleD
           w.Finish();
         } else if (d is DefaultClassDecl defaultClassDecl) {
           Contract.Assert(defaultClassDecl.InheritedMembers.Count == 0);
-          Predicate<MemberDecl> compilationMaterial = x =>
-            !x.IsGhost && (Options.DisallowExterns || !Attributes.Contains(x.Attributes, "extern"));
-          var include = defaultClassDecl.Members.Exists(compilationMaterial);
-          var classIsExtern = false;
-          if (include) {
-            classIsExtern =
-              (!Options.DisallowExterns && Attributes.Contains(defaultClassDecl.Attributes, "extern")) ||
-              Attributes.Contains(defaultClassDecl.EnclosingModuleDefinition.Attributes, "extern");
-            if (classIsExtern && defaultClassDecl.Members.TrueForAll(member =>
-                  member.IsGhost || Attributes.Contains(member.Attributes, "extern"))) {
-              include = false;
-            }
-          }
+          var (classIsExtern, include) = GetIsExternAndIncluded(defaultClassDecl);
 
           if (include) {
             var cw = CreateClass(IdProtect(d.EnclosingModuleDefinition.GetCompileName(Options)),
@@ -1631,28 +1673,11 @@ private void EmitModule(Program program, ConcreteSyntaxTree programNode, ModuleD
             cw.Finish();
           } else {
             // still check that given members satisfy compilation rules
-            var abyss = new NullClassWriter();
+            var abyss = new NullClassWriter(this);
             CompileClassMembers(program, defaultClassDecl, abyss);
           }
         } else if (d is ClassLikeDecl cl) {
-          var include = true;
-          var classIsExtern = false;
-          if (include) {
-            classIsExtern = !Options.DisallowExterns && Attributes.Contains(cl.Attributes, "extern");
-            if (classIsExtern && cl.Members.TrueForAll(member =>
-                  member.IsGhost || Attributes.Contains(member.Attributes, "extern"))) {
-              include = false;
-            }
-          }
-
-          if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism &&
-              !classIsExtern &&
-              !cl.Members.Exists(member => member is Constructor) &&
-              cl.Members.Exists(member => member is Field && !(member is ConstantField { Rhs: not null }))) {
-            Error(ErrorId.c_constructorless_class_forbidden, cl.tok,
-              "since fields are initialized arbitrarily, constructor-less classes are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option",
-              wr);
-          }
+          var (classIsExtern, include) = GetIsExternAndIncluded(cl);
 
           if (include) {
             var cw = CreateClass(IdProtect(d.EnclosingModuleDefinition.GetCompileName(Options)), IdName(cl),
@@ -1662,7 +1687,7 @@ private void EmitModule(Program program, ConcreteSyntaxTree programNode, ModuleD
             cw.Finish();
           } else {
             // still check that given members satisfy compilation rules
-            var abyss = new NullClassWriter();
+            var abyss = new NullClassWriter(this);
             CompileClassMembers(program, cl, abyss);
           }
         } else if (d is ValuetypeDecl) {
@@ -1700,11 +1725,16 @@ private void DetectAndMarkCapitalizationConflicts(ModuleDefinition module) {
 
     public ISet<(ModuleDefinition, string)> DeclaredDatatypes { get; } = new HashSet<(ModuleDefinition, string)>();
 
+    protected virtual ConcreteSyntaxTree GetNullClassConcreteSyntaxTree() {
+      return new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
+    }
+
     protected class NullClassWriter : IClassWriter {
-      private readonly ConcreteSyntaxTree abyss = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
+      private readonly ConcreteSyntaxTree abyss;
       private readonly ConcreteSyntaxTree block;
 
-      public NullClassWriter() {
+      public NullClassWriter(SinglePassCodeGenerator parent) {
+        abyss = parent.GetNullClassConcreteSyntaxTree();
         block = abyss.NewBlock("");
       }
 
@@ -2040,21 +2070,48 @@ void OrderedBySCC(List<MemberDecl> decls, TopLevelDeclWithMembers c) {
       decls.AddRange(consts);
     }
 
-    public virtual bool NeedsCustomReceiver(MemberDecl member) {
+    public bool NeedsCustomReceiver(MemberDecl member) {
+      return NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(member) || NeedsCustomReceiverInTrait(member);
+    }
+
+    public virtual bool NeedsCustomReceiverInTrait(MemberDecl member) {
+      if (member.IsStatic) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      return member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl
+             && (member is ConstantField { Rhs: { } }
+               or Function { Body: { } }
+               or Method { Body: { } });
+    }
+
+    public virtual bool NeedsCustomReceiverInDatatype(MemberDecl member) {
+      Contract.Requires(!member.IsStatic && member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl);
+      if (member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl datatypeDecl) {
+        return datatypeDecl.Ctors.Any(ctor => ctor.IsGhost) || DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, datatypeDecl, out _);
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    public virtual bool NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(MemberDecl member) {
       Contract.Requires(member != null);
+      if (member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl) {
+        return false;
+      }
       // One of the limitations in many target language encodings are restrictions to instance members. If an
       // instance member can't be directly expressed in the target language, we make it a static member with an
       // additional first argument specifying the `this`, giving it a `CustomReceiver`.
+      // Such backends would typically override this method to return "true" in this case.
       if (member.IsStatic) {
         return false;
+      } else if (member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl) {
+        return false;
       } else if (member.EnclosingClass is NewtypeDecl) {
         return true;
-      } else if (member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl) {
-        return member is ConstantField { Rhs: { } } or Function { Body: { } } or Method { Body: { } };
       } else if (member.EnclosingClass is DatatypeDecl datatypeDecl) {
         // An undefined value "o" cannot use this o.F(...) form in most languages.
         // Also, an erasable wrapper type has a receiver that's not part of the enclosing target class.
-        return datatypeDecl.Ctors.Any(ctor => ctor.IsGhost) || DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, datatypeDecl, out _);
+        return NeedsCustomReceiverInDatatype(member);
       } else {
         return false;
       }
@@ -2076,6 +2133,7 @@ void CompileClassMembers(Program program, TopLevelDeclWithMembers c, IClassWrite
       if (c is not TraitDecl || TraitRepeatsInheritedDeclarations) {
         thisContext = c;
         foreach (var member in inheritedMembers.Select(memberx => (memberx as Function)?.ByMethodDecl ?? memberx)) {
+          enclosingDeclaration = member;
           Contract.Assert(!member.IsStatic);  // only instance members should ever be added to .InheritedMembers
           if (member.IsGhost) {
             // skip
@@ -2087,7 +2145,7 @@ void CompileClassMembers(Program program, TopLevelDeclWithMembers c, IClassWrite
             if (cf.Rhs == null && c is ClassLikeDecl) {
               // create a backing field, since this constant field may be assigned in constructors
               Contract.Assert(!cf.IsStatic); // as checked above, only instance members can be inherited
-              classWriter.DeclareField("_" + cf.GetCompileName(Options), c, false, false, cfType, cf.tok, PlaceboValue(cfType, errorWr, cf.tok, true), cf);
+              classWriter.DeclareField(InternalFieldPrefix + cf.GetCompileName(Options), c, false, false, cfType, cf.tok, PlaceboValue(cfType, errorWr, cf.tok, true), cf);
             }
             var w = CreateFunctionOrGetter(cf, IdName(cf), c, false, true, true, classWriter);
             Contract.Assert(w != null);  // since the previous line asked for a body
@@ -2098,38 +2156,38 @@ void CompileClassMembers(Program program, TopLevelDeclWithMembers c, IClassWrite
               sw = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(cfType, cf.Type, cf.tok, sw);
               // get { return this._{0}; }
               EmitThis(sw);
-              sw.Write("._{0}", cf.GetCompileName(Options));
+              sw.Write(".{0}{1}", InternalFieldPrefix, cf.GetCompileName(Options));
             } else {
               EmitReturnExpr(PlaceboValue(cfType, errorWr, cf.tok, true), w);
             }
           } else if (member is Field f) {
             var fType = f.Type.Subst(c.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
             // every field is inherited
-            classWriter.DeclareField("_" + f.GetCompileName(Options), c, false, false, fType, f.tok, PlaceboValue(fType, errorWr, f.tok, true), f);
+            classWriter.DeclareField(InternalFieldPrefix + f.GetCompileName(Options), c, false, false, fType, f.tok, PlaceboValue(fType, errorWr, f.tok, true), f);
             var wGet = classWriter.CreateGetterSetter(IdName(f), f.Type, f.tok, true, member, out var wSet, true);
             {
               var sw = EmitReturnExpr(wGet);
               sw = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(fType, f.Type, f.tok, sw);
               // get { return this._{0}; }
               EmitThis(sw);
-              sw.Write("._{0}", f.GetCompileName(Options));
+              sw.Write(".{0}{1}", InternalFieldPrefix, f.GetCompileName(Options));
             }
             {
               // set { this._{0} = value; }
               EmitThis(wSet);
-              wSet.Write("._{0}", f.GetCompileName(Options));
+              wSet.Write(".{0}{1}", InternalFieldPrefix, f.GetCompileName(Options));
               var sw = EmitAssignmentRhs(wSet);
               sw = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(f.Type, fType, f.tok, sw);
               EmitSetterParameter(sw);
             }
           } else if (member is Function fn) {
-            if (!Attributes.Contains(fn.Attributes, "extern")) {
+            if (!Attributes.Contains(fn.Attributes, "extern") && (c is not ClassLikeDecl || ClassMethodsAllowedToCallTraitMethods)) {
               Contract.Assert(fn.Body != null);
-              var w = classWriter.CreateFunction(IdName(fn), CombineAllTypeArguments(fn), fn.Formals, fn.ResultType, fn.tok, fn.IsStatic, true, fn, true, false);
+              var w = classWriter.CreateFunction(IdName(fn), CombineAllTypeArguments(fn), fn.Ins, fn.ResultType, fn.tok, fn.IsStatic, true, fn, true, false);
               EmitCallToInheritedFunction(fn, null, w);
             }
           } else if (member is Method method) {
-            if (!Attributes.Contains(method.Attributes, "extern")) {
+            if (!Attributes.Contains(method.Attributes, "extern") && (c is not ClassLikeDecl || ClassMethodsAllowedToCallTraitMethods)) {
               Contract.Assert(method.Body != null);
               var w = classWriter.CreateMethod(method, CombineAllTypeArguments(member), true, true, false);
               var wBefore = w.Fork();
@@ -2145,6 +2203,7 @@ void CompileClassMembers(Program program, TopLevelDeclWithMembers c, IClassWrite
       }
 
       foreach (MemberDecl memberx in c.Members) {
+        enclosingDeclaration = memberx;
         var member = (memberx as Function)?.ByMethodDecl ?? memberx;
         if (!member.IsStatic) {
           thisContext = c;
@@ -2193,7 +2252,7 @@ void CompileClassMembers(Program program, TopLevelDeclWithMembers c, IClassWrite
                 Contract.Assert(wBody == null);  // since the previous line said not to create a body
               } else if (cf.Rhs == null && c is ClassLikeDecl) {
                 // create a backing field, since this constant field may be assigned in constructors
-                classWriter.DeclareField("_" + f.GetCompileName(Options), c, false, false, f.Type, f.tok, PlaceboValue(f.Type, errorWr, f.tok, true), f);
+                classWriter.DeclareField(InternalFieldPrefix + f.GetCompileName(Options), c, false, false, f.Type, f.tok, PlaceboValue(f.Type, errorWr, f.tok, true), f);
                 wBody = CreateFunctionOrGetter(cf, IdName(cf), c, false, true, false, classWriter);
                 Contract.Assert(wBody != null);  // since the previous line asked for a body
               } else {
@@ -2236,7 +2295,7 @@ void CompileClassMembers(Program program, TopLevelDeclWithMembers c, IClassWrite
             }
           } else if (f.IsVirtual) {
             if (f.OverriddenMember == null) {
-              var w = classWriter.CreateFunction(IdName(f), CombineAllTypeArguments(f), f.Formals, f.ResultType, f.tok, false, false, f, false, false);
+              var w = classWriter.CreateFunction(IdName(f), CombineAllTypeArguments(f), f.Ins, f.ResultType, f.tok, false, false, f, false, false);
               Contract.Assert(w == null); // since we requested no body
             } else if (TraitRepeatsInheritedDeclarations) {
               RedeclareInheritedMember(f, classWriter);
@@ -2252,7 +2311,7 @@ void CompileClassMembers(Program program, TopLevelDeclWithMembers c, IClassWrite
             Error(ErrorId.c_function_has_no_body, f.tok, "Function {0} has no body so it cannot be compiled", errorWr, f.FullName);
           } else if (c is NewtypeDecl && f != f.Original) {
             CompileFunction(f, classWriter, false);
-            var w = classWriter.CreateFunction(IdName(f), CombineAllTypeArguments(f), f.Formals, f.ResultType, f.tok,
+            var w = classWriter.CreateFunction(IdName(f), CombineAllTypeArguments(f), f.Ins, f.ResultType, f.tok,
               false, true, f, true, false);
             EmitCallToInheritedFunction(f, c, w);
           } else {
@@ -2327,7 +2386,7 @@ private void RedeclareInheritedMember(MemberDecl member, IClassWriter classWrite
         Contract.Assert(wGet == null && wSet == null); // since the previous line said not to create a body
       } else if (member is Function) {
         var fn = ((Function)member).Original;
-        var wBody = classWriter.CreateFunction(IdName(fn), CombineAllTypeArguments(fn), fn.Formals, fn.ResultType, fn.tok, fn.IsStatic, false, fn, false, false);
+        var wBody = classWriter.CreateFunction(IdName(fn), CombineAllTypeArguments(fn), fn.Ins, fn.ResultType, fn.tok, fn.IsStatic, false, fn, false, false);
         Contract.Assert(wBody == null); // since the previous line said not to create a body
       } else if (member is Method) {
         var method = ((Method)member).Original;
@@ -2356,7 +2415,8 @@ protected void EmitCallToInheritedConstRHS(ConstantField f, ConcreteSyntaxTree w
       var calleeReceiverType = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(f.tok, f.EnclosingClass).Subst(thisContext.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
       wr.Write("{0}{1}", TypeName_Companion(calleeReceiverType, wr, f.tok, f), StaticClassAccessor);
       var typeArgs = CombineAllTypeArguments(f, thisContext);
-      EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(IdName(f), TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, f, true)), f.tok, wr);
+      EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(IdName(f), TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, f, true)),
+        f.tok, new ThisExpr(thisContext), true, wr);
       wr.Write("(");
       var sep = "";
       EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, f.EnclosingClass, f, true), f.tok, wr, ref sep);
@@ -2397,7 +2457,8 @@ protected void EmitCallToInheritedFunction(Function f, [CanBeNull] TopLevelDeclW
       var calleeReceiverType = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(f.tok, f.EnclosingClass).Subst(thisContext.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
       wr.Write("{0}{1}", TypeName_Companion(calleeReceiverType, wr, f.tok, f), StaticClassAccessor);
       var typeArgs = CombineAllTypeArguments(f, thisContext);
-      EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(companionName, TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, f, true)), f.tok, wr);
+      EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(companionName, TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, f, true)),
+      f.tok, new ThisExpr(thisContext), true, wr);
       wr.Write("(");
       var sep = "";
       EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, f.EnclosingClass, f, true), f.tok, wr, ref sep);
@@ -2407,11 +2468,11 @@ protected void EmitCallToInheritedFunction(Function f, [CanBeNull] TopLevelDeclW
       EmitThis(heir != null ? FromFatPointer(UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(f.tok, heir), w) : w, true);
       sep = ", ";
 
-      for (int j = 0, l = 0; j < f.Formals.Count; j++) {
-        var p = f.Formals[j];
+      for (int j = 0, l = 0; j < f.Ins.Count; j++) {
+        var p = f.Ins[j];
         if (!p.IsGhost) {
           wr.Write(sep);
-          w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(f.Original.Formals[j].Type, f.Formals[j].Type, f.tok, wr);
+          w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(f.Original.Ins[j].Type, f.Ins[j].Type, f.tok, wr);
           w.Write(IdName(p));
           sep = ", ";
           l++;
@@ -2482,7 +2543,8 @@ protected virtual void EmitCallToInheritedMethod(Method method, [CanBeNull] TopL
       wr.Write(StaticClassAccessor);
 
       var typeArgs = CombineAllTypeArguments(method, thisContext);
-      EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(companionName, TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, method, true)), method.tok, wr);
+      EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(companionName, TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, method, true)),
+        method.tok, new ThisExpr(thisContext), true, wr);
       wr.Write("(");
       var sep = "";
       EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, method.EnclosingClass, method, true), method.tok, wr, ref sep);
@@ -2653,7 +2715,7 @@ private void CompileFunction(Function f, IClassWriter cw, bool lookasideBody) {
       Contract.Requires(f.Body != null || (IncludeExternMembers && Attributes.Contains(f.Attributes, "extern")));
 
       var w = cw.CreateFunction(IdName(f), CombineAllTypeArguments(f),
-        f.Formals, f.ResultType, f.tok, f.IsStatic,
+        f.Ins, f.ResultType, f.tok, f.IsStatic,
         !f.IsExtern(Options, out _, out _), f, false, lookasideBody);
       if (w != null) {
         IVariable accVar = null;
@@ -2694,7 +2756,7 @@ private void CompileFunction(Function f, IClassWriter cw, bool lookasideBody) {
         Coverage.Instrument(f.Body.tok, $"entry to function {f.FullName}", w);
         Contract.Assert(enclosingFunction == null);
         enclosingFunction = f;
-        CompileReturnBody(f.Body, f.Original.ResultType, w, accVar);
+        CompileReturnBody(f.Body, f.OriginalResultTypeWithRenamings(), w, accVar);
         Contract.Assert(enclosingFunction == f);
         enclosingFunction = null;
       }
@@ -2731,7 +2793,12 @@ private void CompileMethod(Program program, Method m, IClassWriter cw, bool look
         } else {
           Contract.Assert(enclosingMethod == null);
           enclosingMethod = m;
-          TrStmtList(m.Body.Body, w);
+          if (m.Body is DividedBlockStmt dividedBlockStmt) {
+            TrDividedBlockStmt((Constructor)m, dividedBlockStmt, w);
+          } else {
+            TrStmtList(m.Body.Body, w);
+          }
+
           Contract.Assert(enclosingMethod == m);
           enclosingMethod = null;
         }
@@ -2754,7 +2821,7 @@ private void CompileMethod(Program program, Method m, IClassWriter cw, bool look
           }
         }
         var typeArgs = CombineAllTypeArguments(m, ty.TypeArgs, m.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(tp => (Type)Type.Bool));
-        bool customReceiver = !(m.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl) && NeedsCustomReceiver(m);
+        bool customReceiver = NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(m);
 
         if (receiver != null && !customReceiver) {
           w.Write("{0}.", IdName(receiver));
@@ -2762,11 +2829,12 @@ private void CompileMethod(Program program, Method m, IClassWriter cw, bool look
           var companion = TypeName_Companion(UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDeclWithAllBooleanTypeParameters(m.EnclosingClass), w, m.tok, m);
           w.Write("{0}.", companion);
         }
-        EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(IdName(m), TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, m, false)), m.tok, w);
+        EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(IdName(m), TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, m, false)), m.tok,
+          receiver == null ? null : new IdentifierExpr(receiver.tok, receiver), customReceiver, w);
         w.Write("(");
         var sep = "";
         if (receiver != null && customReceiver) {
-          w.Write("{0}", IdName(receiver));
+          EmitIdentifier(IdName(receiver), w);
           sep = ", ";
         }
         EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, m.EnclosingClass, m, false), m.tok, w, ref sep);
@@ -2808,9 +2876,10 @@ void TrCasePatternOpt<VT>(CasePattern<VT> pat, Expression rhs, Action<ConcreteSy
         var bv = pat.Var;
         if (!bv.IsGhost) {
           var wStmts = wr.Fork();
-          var w = DeclareLocalVar(IdProtect(bv.CompileName), bv.Type, rhsTok, wr);
+          var w = DeclareLocalVar(IdName(bv), bv.Type, rhsTok, wr);
           if (rhs != null) {
-            w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from: rhs.Type, to: bv.Type, tok: rhsTok, wr: w);
+            w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(rhs.Type, bv.Type, rhsTok, w);
+            w = EmitDowncastIfNecessary(rhs.Type, bv.Type, rhsTok, w);
             EmitExpr(rhs, inLetExprBody, w, wStmts);
           } else {
             emitRhs(w);
@@ -2847,13 +2916,17 @@ void TrCasePatternOpt<VT>(CasePattern<VT> pat, Expression rhs, Action<ConcreteSy
             Contract.Assert(Contract.ForAll(arg.Vars, bv => bv.IsGhost));
           } else {
             Type targetType = formal.Type.Subst(substMap);
-            TrCasePatternOpt(arg, null, sw => EmitDestructor(wr => EmitIdentifier(tmp_name, wr), formal, k, ctor, dtv.InferredTypeArgs, arg.Expr.Type, sw), targetType, pat.Expr.tok, wr, inLetExprBody);
+            TrCasePatternOpt(arg, null, sw =>
+              EmitDestructor(wr => EmitIdentifier(tmp_name, wr), formal, k, ctor, () => dtv.InferredTypeArgs, arg.Expr.Type, sw),
+              targetType, pat.Expr.tok, wr, inLetExprBody);
             k++;
           }
         }
       }
     }
 
+    public record OptimizedExpressionContinuation(Action<Expression, Type, bool, ConcreteSyntaxTree> Continuation, bool PreventCaseFallThrough);
+
     /// <summary>
     /// This method compiles "expr" into a statement context of the target. This typically means that, for example, Dafny let-bound variables can
     /// be compiled into local variables in the target code, and that Dafny if-then-else expressions can be compiled into if statements in the
@@ -2864,11 +2937,12 @@ void TrCasePatternOpt<VT>(CasePattern<VT> pat, Expression rhs, Action<ConcreteSy
     /// Other than the syntactic differences in the target code, the idea is that "TrExprOpt(...)" and "Expr(...)" generate code with the
     /// same semantics.
     /// </summary>
-    void TrExprOpt(Expression expr, Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, bool inLetExprBody, [CanBeNull] IVariable accumulatorVar) {
+    protected void TrExprOpt(Expression expr, Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, bool inLetExprBody,
+      [CanBeNull] IVariable accumulatorVar, OptimizedExpressionContinuation continuation) {
       Contract.Requires(expr != null);
       Contract.Requires(wr != null);
-      Contract.Requires(resultType != null);
       Contract.Requires(accumulatorVar == null || (enclosingFunction != null && enclosingFunction.IsAccumulatorTailRecursive));
+      Contract.Requires(continuation != null);
 
       expr = expr.Resolved;
       if (expr is LetExpr) {
@@ -2880,37 +2954,37 @@ void TrExprOpt(Expression expr, Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, Concrete
               TrCasePatternOpt(lhs, e.RHSs[i], wr, inLetExprBody);
             }
           }
-          TrExprOpt(e.Body, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar);
+          TrExprOpt(e.Body, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
         } else {
           // We haven't optimized the other cases, so fallback to normal compilation
-          EmitReturnExpr(e, resultType, inLetExprBody, wr);
+          continuation.Continuation(e, resultType, inLetExprBody, wr);
         }
 
       } else if (expr is ITEExpr) {
         var e = (ITEExpr)expr;
         switch (e.HowToCompile) {
           case ITEExpr.ITECompilation.CompileJustThenBranch:
-            TrExprOpt(e.Thn, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar);
+            TrExprOpt(e.Thn, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
             break;
           case ITEExpr.ITECompilation.CompileJustElseBranch:
-            TrExprOpt(e.Els, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar);
+            TrExprOpt(e.Els, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
             break;
           case ITEExpr.ITECompilation.CompileBothBranches:
             var thn = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, true, wr);
             EmitExpr(e.Test, inLetExprBody, guardWriter, wStmts);
             Coverage.Instrument(e.Thn.tok, "then branch", thn);
-            TrExprOpt(e.Thn, resultType, thn, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar);
+            TrExprOpt(e.Thn, resultType, thn, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
             ConcreteSyntaxTree els = wr;
             if (!(e.Els is ITEExpr { HowToCompile: ITEExpr.ITECompilation.CompileBothBranches })) {
               els = EmitBlock(wr);
               Coverage.Instrument(e.Thn.tok, "else branch", els);
             }
-            TrExprOpt(e.Els, resultType, els, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar);
+            TrExprOpt(e.Els, resultType, els, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
             break;
         }
 
       } else if (expr is NestedMatchExpr nestedMatchExpr) {
-        TrExprOpt(nestedMatchExpr.Flattened, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar);
+        TrOptNestedMatchExpr(nestedMatchExpr, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
       } else if (expr is MatchExpr) {
         var e = (MatchExpr)expr;
         //   var _source = E;
@@ -2935,69 +3009,20 @@ void TrExprOpt(Expression expr, Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, Concrete
           var sourceType = (UserDefinedType)e.Source.Type.NormalizeExpand();
           foreach (MatchCaseExpr mc in e.Cases) {
             var w = MatchCasePrelude(source, sourceType, mc.Ctor, mc.Arguments, i, e.Cases.Count, wr);
-            TrExprOpt(mc.Body, resultType, w, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar);
+            TrExprOpt(mc.Body, resultType, w, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
             i++;
           }
         }
 
       } else if (expr is StmtExpr) {
         var e = (StmtExpr)expr;
-        TrExprOpt(e.E, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar);
+        TrExprOpt(e.E, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
 
       } else if (expr is FunctionCallExpr fce && fce.Function == enclosingFunction && enclosingFunction.IsTailRecursive) {
         var e = fce;
         // compile call as tail-recursive
-
-        // assign the actual in-parameters to temporary variables
-        var inTmps = new List<string>();
-        var inTypes = new List<Type/*?*/>();
-        if (!e.Function.IsStatic) {
-          string inTmp = ProtectedFreshId("_in");
-          inTmps.Add(inTmp);
-          inTypes.Add(null);
-          DeclareLocalVar(inTmp, null, null, e.Receiver, inLetExprBody, wr);
-        }
-        for (int i = 0; i < e.Function.Formals.Count; i++) {
-          Formal p = e.Function.Formals[i];
-          if (!p.IsGhost) {
-            string inTmp = ProtectedFreshId("_in");
-            inTmps.Add(inTmp);
-            inTypes.Add(e.Args[i].Type);
-            DeclareLocalVar(inTmp, e.Args[i].Type, p.tok, e.Args[i], inLetExprBody, wr);
-          }
-        }
-        // Now, assign to the formals
-        int n = 0;
-        if (!e.Function.IsStatic) {
-          ConcreteSyntaxTree wRHS = EmitAssignment(IdentLvalue("_this"), null, null, wr, e.tok);
-          if (thisContext == null) {
-            wRHS = wr;
-          } else {
-            var instantiatedType = e.Receiver.Type.Subst(thisContext.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
-
-            var contextType = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(e.tok, thisContext);
-            if (contextType.ResolvedClass is ClassLikeDecl { NonNullTypeDecl: { } } cls) {
-              contextType = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(e.tok, cls.NonNullTypeDecl);
-            }
-
-            wRHS = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(instantiatedType, contextType, e.tok, wRHS);
-          }
-          EmitIdentifier(inTmps[n], wRHS);
-          EndStmt(wr);
-          n++;
-        }
-        foreach (var p in e.Function.Formals) {
-          if (!p.IsGhost) {
-            EmitIdentifier(
-              inTmps[n],
-              EmitAssignment(IdentLvalue(IdName(p)), p.Type, inTypes[n], wr, e.tok)
-            );
-            n++;
-          }
-        }
-        Contract.Assert(n == inTmps.Count);
-        // finally, the jump back to the head of the function
-        EmitJumpToTailCallStart(wr);
+        Contract.Assert(!inLetExprBody); // a tail call had better not sit inside a target-code lambda
+        TrTailCall(e.tok, e.Function.IsStatic, e.Function.Ins, e.Receiver, e.Args, wr);
 
       } else if (expr is BinaryExpr bin
                  && bin.AccumulatesForTailRecursion != BinaryExpr.AccumulationOperand.None
@@ -3028,7 +3053,7 @@ void TrExprOpt(Expression expr, Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, Concrete
         }
         var wRhs = EmitAssignment(VariableLvalue(accumulatorVar), enclosingFunction.ResultType, enclosingFunction.ResultType, wr, expr.tok);
         EmitExpr(rhs, false, wRhs, wStmts);
-        TrExprOpt(tailTerm, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar);
+        TrExprOpt(tailTerm, resultType, wr, wStmts, inLetExprBody, accumulatorVar, continuation);
 
       } else {
         // We haven't optimized any other cases, so fallback to normal compilation
@@ -3070,18 +3095,20 @@ void TrExprOpt(Expression expr, Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, Concrete
         } else {
           Contract.Assert(accumulatorVar == null);
         }
-        EmitReturnExpr(expr, resultType, inLetExprBody, wr);
+
+        continuation.Continuation(expr, resultType, inLetExprBody, wr);
       }
     }
 
-    void CompileReturnBody(Expression body, Type originalResultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, [CanBeNull] IVariable accumulatorVar) {
+    void CompileReturnBody(Expression body, Type resultType, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, [CanBeNull] IVariable accumulatorVar) {
       Contract.Requires(body != null);
-      Contract.Requires(originalResultType != null);
+      Contract.Requires(resultType != null);
       Contract.Requires(wr != null);
       Contract.Requires(accumulatorVar == null || (enclosingFunction != null && enclosingFunction.IsAccumulatorTailRecursive));
       copyInstrWriters.Push(wr.Fork());
       var wStmts = wr.Fork();
-      TrExprOpt(body.Resolved, originalResultType, wr, wStmts, false, accumulatorVar);
+      var continuation = new OptimizedExpressionContinuation(EmitReturnExpr, false);
+      TrExprOpt(body.Resolved, resultType, wr, wStmts, false, accumulatorVar, continuation);
       copyInstrWriters.Pop();
     }
 
@@ -3224,452 +3251,6 @@ void TrStmtNonempty(Statement stmt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wS
       }
     }
 
-    protected void TrStmt(Statement stmt, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts = null) {
-      Contract.Requires(stmt != null);
-      Contract.Requires(wr != null);
-
-      wStmts ??= wr.Fork();
-
-      if (stmt.IsGhost) {
-        return;
-      }
-      if (stmt is PrintStmt) {
-        var s = (PrintStmt)stmt;
-        foreach (var arg in s.Args) {
-          EmitPrintStmt(wr, arg);
-        }
-      } else if (stmt is BreakStmt) {
-        var s = (BreakStmt)stmt;
-        var label = s.TargetStmt.Labels.Data.AssignUniqueId(idGenerator);
-        if (s.IsContinue) {
-          EmitContinue(label, wr);
-        } else {
-          EmitBreak(label, wr);
-        }
-      } else if (stmt is ProduceStmt) {
-        var s = (ProduceStmt)stmt;
-        var isTailRecursiveResult = false;
-        if (s.HiddenUpdate != null) {
-          TrStmt(s.HiddenUpdate, wr);
-          var ss = s.HiddenUpdate.ResolvedStatements;
-          if (ss.Count == 1 && ss[0] is AssignStmt assign && assign.Rhs is ExprRhs eRhs && eRhs.Expr.Resolved is FunctionCallExpr fce && IsTailRecursiveByMethodCall(fce)) {
-            isTailRecursiveResult = true;
-          }
-        }
-        if (s is YieldStmt) {
-          EmitYield(wr);
-        } else if (!isTailRecursiveResult) {
-          EmitReturn(this.enclosingMethod.Outs, wr);
-        }
-      } else if (stmt is UpdateStmt) {
-        var s = (UpdateStmt)stmt;
-        var resolved = s.ResolvedStatements;
-        if (resolved.Count == 1) {
-          TrStmt(resolved[0], wr);
-        } else {
-          var assignStmts = resolved.Cast<AssignStmt>().Where(assignStmt => !assignStmt.IsGhost).ToList();
-          var lhss = new List<Expression>();
-          var rhss = new List<AssignmentRhs>();
-
-          // multi-assignment
-          Contract.Assert(s.Lhss.Count == resolved.Count);
-          Contract.Assert(s.Rhss.Count == resolved.Count);
-          var lhsTypes = new List<Type>();
-          var rhsTypes = new List<Type>();
-          foreach (var assignStmt in assignStmts) {
-            var rhs = assignStmt.Rhs;
-            if (rhs is HavocRhs) {
-              if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
-                Error(ErrorId.c_nondeterminism_forbidden, rhs.Tok, "nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option", wr);
-              }
-            } else {
-              var lhs = assignStmt.Lhs;
-              rhss.Add(rhs);
-              lhss.Add(lhs);
-              lhsTypes.Add(lhs.Type);
-              rhsTypes.Add(TypeOfRhs(rhs));
-            }
-          }
-
-          var wStmtsPre = wStmts.Fork();
-          var lvalues = new List<ILvalue>();
-          foreach (Expression lhs in lhss) {
-            lvalues.Add(CreateLvalue(lhs, wStmts, wStmtsPre));
-          }
-
-          EmitMultiAssignment(lhss, lvalues, lhsTypes, out var wRhss, rhsTypes, wr);
-          for (int i = 0; i < wRhss.Count; i++) {
-            TrRhs(rhss[i], wRhss[i], wStmts);
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (stmt is AssignStmt) {
-        var s = (AssignStmt)stmt;
-        Contract.Assert(s.Lhs is not SeqSelectExpr expr || expr.SelectOne);  // multi-element array assignments are not allowed
-        if (s.Rhs is HavocRhs) {
-          if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
-            Error(ErrorId.c_nondeterminism_forbidden, s.Rhs.Tok, "nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option", wr);
-          }
-        } else if (s.Rhs is ExprRhs eRhs && eRhs.Expr.Resolved is FunctionCallExpr fce && IsTailRecursiveByMethodCall(fce)) {
-          TrTailCallStmt(s.Tok, fce.Function.ByMethodDecl, fce.Receiver, fce.Args, null, wr);
-        } else {
-          var lvalue = CreateLvalue(s.Lhs, wr, wStmts);
-          wStmts = wr.Fork();
-          var wRhs = EmitAssignment(lvalue, TypeOfLhs(s.Lhs), TypeOfRhs(s.Rhs), wr, stmt.Tok);
-          TrRhs(s.Rhs, wRhs, wStmts);
-        }
-
-      } else if (stmt is AssignSuchThatStmt) {
-        var s = (AssignSuchThatStmt)stmt;
-        if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
-          Error(ErrorId.c_assign_such_that_forbidden, s.Tok, "assign-such-that statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option", wr);
-        }
-        var lhss = s.Lhss.ConvertAll(lhs => ((IdentifierExpr)lhs.Resolved).Var);  // the resolver allows only IdentifierExpr left-hand sides
-        var missingBounds = BoundedPool.MissingBounds(lhss, s.Bounds, BoundedPool.PoolVirtues.Enumerable);
-        if (missingBounds.Count != 0) {
-          foreach (var bv in missingBounds) {
-            Error(ErrorId.c_assign_such_that_is_too_complex, s.Tok, "this assign-such-that statement is too advanced for the current compiler; Dafny's heuristics cannot find any bound for variable '{0}'", wr, bv.Name);
-          }
-        } else {
-          Contract.Assert(s.Bounds != null);
-          TrAssignSuchThat(lhss, s.Expr, s.Bounds, s.Tok.line, wr, false);
-        }
-      } else if (stmt is AssignOrReturnStmt) {
-        var s = (AssignOrReturnStmt)stmt;
-        // TODO there's potential here to use target-language specific features such as exceptions
-        // to make it more target-language idiomatic and improve performance
-        TrStmtList(s.ResolvedStatements, wr);
-
-      } else if (stmt is ExpectStmt) {
-        var s = (ExpectStmt)stmt;
-        // TODO there's potential here to use target-language specific features such as exceptions
-        // to make it more target-language idiomatic and improve performance
-        ConcreteSyntaxTree bodyWriter = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, false, wr);
-        var negated = new UnaryOpExpr(s.Tok, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Not, s.Expr);
-        negated.Type = Type.Bool;
-        EmitExpr(negated, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
-        EmitHalt(s.Tok, s.Message, bodyWriter);
-
-      } else if (stmt is CallStmt) {
-        var s = (CallStmt)stmt;
-        var wrBefore = wr.Fork();
-        var wrCall = wr.Fork();
-        var wrAfter = wr;
-        TrCallStmt(s, null, wrCall, wrBefore, wrAfter);
-
-      } else if (stmt is BlockStmt) {
-        var w = EmitBlock(wr);
-        TrStmtList(((BlockStmt)stmt).Body, w);
-
-      } else if (stmt is IfStmt) {
-        IfStmt s = (IfStmt)stmt;
-        if (s.Guard == null) {
-          if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
-            Error(ErrorId.c_nondeterministic_if_forbidden, s.Tok, "nondeterministic if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option", wr);
-          }
-          // we can compile the branch of our choice
-          ConcreteSyntaxTree guardWriter;
-          if (s.Els == null) {
-            // let's compile the "else" branch, since that involves no work
-            // (still, let's leave a marker in the source code to indicate that this is what we did)
-            Coverage.UnusedInstrumentationPoint(s.Thn.Tok, "then branch");
-            var notFalse = (UnaryOpExpr)Expression.CreateNot(s.Thn.Tok, Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(s.Thn.Tok, false));
-            var thenWriter = EmitIf(out guardWriter, false, wr);
-            EmitUnaryExpr(ResolvedUnaryOp.BoolNot, notFalse.E, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
-            Coverage.Instrument(s.Tok, "implicit else branch", wr);
-            thenWriter = EmitIf(out guardWriter, false, thenWriter);
-            EmitUnaryExpr(ResolvedUnaryOp.BoolNot, notFalse.E, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
-            TrStmtList(new List<Statement>(), thenWriter);
-          } else {
-            // let's compile the "then" branch
-            wr = EmitIf(out guardWriter, false, wr);
-            EmitExpr(Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(s.Thn.tok, true), false, guardWriter, wStmts);
-            Coverage.Instrument(s.Thn.Tok, "then branch", wr);
-            TrStmtList(s.Thn.Body, wr);
-            Coverage.UnusedInstrumentationPoint(s.Els.Tok, "else branch");
-          }
-        } else {
-          if (s.IsBindingGuard && Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
-            Error(ErrorId.c_binding_if_forbidden, s.Tok, "binding if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option", wr);
-          }
-
-          var coverageForElse = Coverage.IsRecording && !(s.Els is IfStmt);
-          var thenWriter = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, s.Els != null || coverageForElse, wr);
-          EmitExpr(s.IsBindingGuard ? ((ExistsExpr)s.Guard).AlphaRename("eg_d") : s.Guard, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
-          // We'd like to do "TrStmt(s.Thn, indent)", except we want the scope of any existential variables to come inside the block
-          if (s.IsBindingGuard) {
-            IntroduceAndAssignBoundVars((ExistsExpr)s.Guard, thenWriter);
-          }
-          Coverage.Instrument(s.Thn.Tok, "then branch", thenWriter);
-          TrStmtList(s.Thn.Body, thenWriter);
-
-          if (coverageForElse) {
-            wr = EmitBlock(wr);
-            if (s.Els == null) {
-              Coverage.Instrument(s.Tok, "implicit else branch", wr);
-            } else {
-              Coverage.Instrument(s.Els.Tok, "else branch", wr);
-            }
-          }
-          if (s.Els != null) {
-            TrStmtNonempty(s.Els, wr, wStmts);
-          }
-        }
-
-      } else if (stmt is AlternativeStmt) {
-        var s = (AlternativeStmt)stmt;
-        if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism && 2 <= s.Alternatives.Count) {
-          Error(ErrorId.c_case_based_if_forbidden, s.Tok, "case-based if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option", wr);
-        }
-        foreach (var alternative in s.Alternatives) {
-          var thn = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, true, wr);
-          EmitExpr(alternative.IsBindingGuard ? ((ExistsExpr)alternative.Guard).AlphaRename("eg_d") : alternative.Guard, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
-          if (alternative.IsBindingGuard) {
-            IntroduceAndAssignBoundVars((ExistsExpr)alternative.Guard, thn);
-          }
-          Coverage.Instrument(alternative.Tok, "if-case branch", thn);
-          TrStmtList(alternative.Body, thn);
-        }
-        var wElse = EmitBlock(wr);
-        EmitAbsurd("unreachable alternative", wElse);
-
-      } else if (stmt is WhileStmt) {
-        WhileStmt s = (WhileStmt)stmt;
-        if (s.Body == null) {
-          return;
-        }
-        if (s.Guard == null) {
-          if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
-            Error(ErrorId.c_non_deterministic_loop_forbidden, s.Tok, "nondeterministic loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option", wr);
-          }
-          // This loop is allowed to stop iterating at any time. We choose to never iterate, but we still
-          // emit a loop structure. The structure "while (false) { }" comes to mind, but that results in
-          // an "unreachable code" error from Java, so we instead use "while (true) { break; }".
-          var wBody = CreateWhileLoop(out var guardWriter, wr);
-          EmitExpr(Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(s.Body.tok, true), false, guardWriter, wStmts);
-          EmitBreak(null, wBody);
-          Coverage.UnusedInstrumentationPoint(s.Body.Tok, "while body");
-        } else {
-          var guardWriter = EmitWhile(s.Body.Tok, s.Body.Body, s.Labels, wr);
-          EmitExpr(s.Guard, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
-        }
-
-      } else if (stmt is AlternativeLoopStmt loopStmt) {
-        if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
-          Error(ErrorId.c_case_based_loop_forbidden, loopStmt.Tok, "case-based loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option", wr);
-        }
-        if (loopStmt.Alternatives.Count != 0) {
-          var w = CreateWhileLoop(out var whileGuardWriter, wr);
-          EmitExpr(Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(loopStmt.tok, true), false, whileGuardWriter, wStmts);
-          w = EmitContinueLabel(loopStmt.Labels, w);
-          foreach (var alternative in loopStmt.Alternatives) {
-            var thn = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, true, w);
-            EmitExpr(alternative.Guard, false, guardWriter, wStmts);
-            Coverage.Instrument(alternative.Tok, "while-case branch", thn);
-            TrStmtList(alternative.Body, thn);
-          }
-          var wElse = EmitBlock(w);
-          {
-            EmitBreak(null, wElse);
-          }
-        }
-
-      } else if (stmt is ForLoopStmt) {
-        var s = (ForLoopStmt)stmt;
-        if (s.Body == null) {
-          return;
-        }
-        string endVarName = null;
-        if (s.End != null) {
-          // introduce a variable to hold the value of the end-expression
-          endVarName = ProtectedFreshId(s.GoingUp ? "_hi" : "_lo");
-          wStmts = wr.Fork();
-          EmitExpr(s.End, false, DeclareLocalVar(endVarName, s.End.Type, s.End.tok, wr), wStmts);
-        }
-        var startExprWriter = EmitForStmt(s.Tok, s.LoopIndex, s.GoingUp, endVarName, s.Body.Body, s.Labels, wr);
-        EmitExpr(s.Start, false, startExprWriter, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (stmt is ForallStmt) {
-        var s = (ForallStmt)stmt;
-        if (s.Kind != ForallStmt.BodyKind.Assign) {
-          // Call and Proof have no side effects, so they can simply be optimized away.
-          return;
-        } else if (s.BoundVars.Count == 0) {
-          // the bound variables just spell out a single point, so the forall statement is equivalent to one execution of the body
-          TrStmt(s.Body, wr);
-          return;
-        }
-        var s0 = (AssignStmt)s.S0;
-        if (s0.Rhs is HavocRhs) {
-          if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
-            Error(ErrorId.c_nondeterminism_forbidden, s0.Rhs.Tok, "nondeterministic assignment forbidden by --enforce-determinism", wr);
-          }
-          // The forall statement says to havoc a bunch of things.  This can be efficiently compiled
-          // into doing nothing.
-          return;
-        }
-        var rhs = ((ExprRhs)s0.Rhs).Expr;
-
-        if (CanSequentializeForall(s.BoundVars, s.Bounds, s.Range, s0.Lhs, rhs)) {
-          // Just put the statement inside the loops
-          var wLoop = CompileGuardedLoops(s.BoundVars, s.Bounds, s.Range, wr);
-          TrStmt(s0, wLoop);
-        } else {
-          // Compile:
-          //   forall (w,x,y,z | Range(w,x,y,z)) {
-          //     LHS(w,x,y,z) := RHS(w,x,y,z);
-          //   }
-          // where w,x,y,z have types seq<W>,set<X>,int,bool and LHS has L-1 top-level subexpressions
-          // (that is, L denotes the number of top-level subexpressions of LHS plus 1),
-          // into:
-          //   var ingredients = new List< L-Tuple >();
-          //   foreach (W w in sq.UniqueElements) {
-          //     foreach (X x in st.Elements) {
-          //       for (BigInteger y = Lo; j < Hi; j++) {
-          //         for (bool z in Helper.AllBooleans) {
-          //           if (Range(w,x,y,z)) {
-          //             ingredients.Add(new L-Tuple( LHS0(w,x,y,z), LHS1(w,x,y,z), ..., RHS(w,x,y,z) ));
-          //           }
-          //         }
-          //       }
-          //     }
-          //   }
-          //   foreach (L-Tuple l in ingredients) {
-          //     LHS[ l0, l1, l2, ..., l(L-2) ] = l(L-1);
-          //   }
-          //
-          // Note, because the .NET Tuple class only supports up to 8 components, the compiler implementation
-          // here supports arrays only up to 6 dimensions.  This does not seem like a serious practical limitation.
-          // However, it may be more noticeable if the forall statement supported forall assignments in its
-          // body.  To support cases where tuples would need more than 8 components, .NET Tuple's would have to
-          // be nested.
-
-          // Temporary names
-          var c = ProtectedFreshNumericId("_ingredients+_tup");
-          string ingredients = "_ingredients" + c;
-          string tup = "_tup" + c;
-
-          // Compute L
-          int L;
-          string tupleTypeArgs;
-          List<Type> tupleTypeArgsList;
-          if (s0.Lhs is MemberSelectExpr) {
-            var lhs = (MemberSelectExpr)s0.Lhs;
-            L = 2;
-            tupleTypeArgs = TypeArgumentName(lhs.Obj.Type, wr, lhs.tok);
-            tupleTypeArgsList = new List<Type> { lhs.Obj.Type };
-          } else if (s0.Lhs is SeqSelectExpr) {
-            var lhs = (SeqSelectExpr)s0.Lhs;
-            L = 3;
-            // note, we might as well do the BigInteger-to-int cast for array indices here, before putting things into the Tuple rather than when they are extracted from the Tuple
-            tupleTypeArgs = TypeArgumentName(lhs.Seq.Type, wr, lhs.tok) + IntSelect;
-            tupleTypeArgsList = new List<Type> { lhs.Seq.Type, null };
-          } else {
-            var lhs = (MultiSelectExpr)s0.Lhs;
-            L = 2 + lhs.Indices.Count;
-            if (8 < L) {
-              Error(ErrorId.c_no_assignments_to_seven_d_arrays, lhs.tok, "compiler currently does not support assignments to more-than-6-dimensional arrays in forall statements", wr);
-              return;
-            }
-            tupleTypeArgs = TypeArgumentName(lhs.Array.Type, wr, lhs.tok);
-            tupleTypeArgsList = new List<Type> { lhs.Array.Type };
-            for (int i = 0; i < lhs.Indices.Count; i++) {
-              // note, we might as well do the BigInteger-to-int cast for array indices here, before putting things into the Tuple rather than when they are extracted from the Tuple
-              tupleTypeArgs += IntSelect;
-              tupleTypeArgsList.Add(null);
-            }
-
-          }
-          tupleTypeArgs += "," + TypeArgumentName(rhs.Type, wr, rhs.tok);
-          tupleTypeArgsList.Add(rhs.Type);
-
-          // declare and construct "ingredients"
-          var wrOuter = EmitIngredients(wr, ingredients, L, tupleTypeArgs, s, s0, rhs);
-
-          //   foreach (L-Tuple l in ingredients) {
-          //     LHS[ l0, l1, l2, ..., l(L-2) ] = l(L-1);
-          //   }
-          TargetTupleSize = L;
-          wr = CreateForeachIngredientLoop(tup, L, tupleTypeArgs, out var collWriter, wrOuter);
-          collWriter.Write(ingredients);
-          {
-            var wTup = new ConcreteSyntaxTree(wr.RelativeIndentLevel);
-            var wCoerceTup = EmitCoercionToArbitraryTuple(wTup);
-            wCoerceTup.Write(tup);
-            tup = wTup.ToString();
-          }
-          if (s0.Lhs is MemberSelectExpr) {
-            EmitMemberSelect(s0, tupleTypeArgsList, wr, tup);
-          } else if (s0.Lhs is SeqSelectExpr) {
-            EmitSeqSelect(s0, tupleTypeArgsList, wr, tup);
-          } else {
-            EmitMultiSelect(s0, tupleTypeArgsList, wr, tup, L);
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (stmt is NestedMatchStmt nestedMatchStmt) {
-        TrStmt(nestedMatchStmt.Flattened, wr, wStmts);
-      } else if (stmt is MatchStmt) {
-        MatchStmt s = (MatchStmt)stmt;
-        // Type source = e;
-        // if (source.is_Ctor0) {
-        //   FormalType f0 = ((Dt_Ctor0)source._D).a0;
-        //   ...
-        //   Body0;
-        // } else if (...) {
-        //   ...
-        // } else if (true) {
-        //   ...
-        // }
-        if (s.Cases.Count != 0) {
-          string source = ProtectedFreshId("_source");
-          DeclareLocalVar(source, s.Source.Type, s.Source.tok, s.Source, false, wr);
-
-          int i = 0;
-          var sourceType = (UserDefinedType)s.Source.Type.NormalizeExpand();
-          foreach (MatchCaseStmt mc in s.Cases) {
-            var w = MatchCasePrelude(source, sourceType, cce.NonNull(mc.Ctor), mc.Arguments, i, s.Cases.Count, wr);
-            TrStmtList(mc.Body, w);
-            i++;
-          }
-        }
-
-      } else if (stmt is VarDeclStmt) {
-        var s = (VarDeclStmt)stmt;
-        var i = 0;
-        foreach (var local in s.Locals) {
-          bool hasRhs = s.Update is AssignSuchThatStmt || s.Update is AssignOrReturnStmt;
-          if (!hasRhs && s.Update is UpdateStmt u) {
-            if (i < u.Rhss.Count && u.Rhss[i] is HavocRhs) {
-              // there's no specific initial value
-            } else {
-              hasRhs = true;
-            }
-          }
-          TrLocalVar(local, !hasRhs, wr);
-          i++;
-        }
-        if (s.Update != null) {
-          TrStmt(s.Update, wr);
-        }
-
-      } else if (stmt is VarDeclPattern) {
-        var s = (VarDeclPattern)stmt;
-        if (Contract.Exists(s.LHS.Vars, bv => !bv.IsGhost)) {
-          TrCasePatternOpt(s.LHS, s.RHS, wr, false);
-        }
-      } else if (stmt is ModifyStmt) {
-        var s = (ModifyStmt)stmt;
-        if (s.Body != null) {
-          TrStmt(s.Body, wr);
-        } else if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
-          Error(ErrorId.c_bodyless_modify_statement_forbidden, s.Tok, "modify statement without a body forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option", wr);
-        }
-      } else if (stmt is TryRecoverStatement h) {
-        EmitHaltRecoveryStmt(h.TryBody, h.HaltMessageVar.CompileName, h.RecoverBody, wr);
-      } else {
-        Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected statement
-      }
-    }
-
     protected virtual ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitIngredients(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, string ingredients, int L, string tupleTypeArgs, ForallStmt s, AssignStmt s0, Expression rhs) {
       var wStmts = wr.Fork();
       var wrVarInit = DeclareLocalVar(ingredients, null, null, wr);
@@ -3714,7 +3295,7 @@ bool IsTailRecursiveByMethodCall(FunctionCallExpr fce) {
     protected virtual void EmitMemberSelect(AssignStmt s0, List<Type> tupleTypeArgsList, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, string tup) {
       var lhs = (MemberSelectExpr)s0.Lhs;
 
-      var typeArgs = TypeArgumentInstantiation.ListFromMember(lhs.Member, null, lhs.TypeApplication_JustMember);
+      var typeArgs = TypeArgumentInstantiation.ListFromMember(lhs.Member, null, lhs.TypeApplicationJustMember);
       var lvalue = EmitMemberSelect(w => {
         var wObj = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(from: null, to: tupleTypeArgsList[0], s0.Tok, w);
         EmitTupleSelect(tup, 0, wObj);
@@ -3761,8 +3342,8 @@ protected ConcreteSyntaxTree CompileGuardedLoops(List<BoundVar> bvs, List<Bounde
         var bv = bvs[i];
         var tmpVar = ProtectedFreshId("_guard_loop_");
         var wStmtsLoop = wr.Fork();
-        var elementType = CompileCollection(bound, bv, false, false, null, out var collection, wStmtsLoop, bounds, bvs, i);
-        wr = CreateGuardedForeachLoop(tmpVar, elementType, bv, true, false, range.tok, collection, wr);
+        var elementType = CompileCollection(bound, bv, false, false, null, out var collection, out var newtypeConversionsWereExplicit, wStmtsLoop, bounds, bvs, i);
+        wr = CreateGuardedForeachLoop(tmpVar, elementType, bv, newtypeConversionsWereExplicit, true, false, range.tok, collection, wr);
       }
 
       // if (range) {
@@ -3788,11 +3369,12 @@ protected virtual ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitAnd(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> lhs, Con
     /// <summary>
     /// Returns a type whose target type is the same as the target type of the values returned by the emitted enumeration.
     /// The output value of "collectionWriter" is an action that emits the enumeration.
-    /// Note that, while the values returned bny the enumeration have the target representation of "bv.Type", they may
+    /// Note that, while the values returned by the enumeration have the target representation of "bv.Type", they may
     /// not be legal "bv.Type" values -- that is, it could be that "bv.Type" has further constraints that need to be checked.
     /// </summary>
     Type CompileCollection(BoundedPool bound, IVariable bv, bool inLetExprBody, bool includeDuplicates,
-        Substituter/*?*/ su, out Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> collectionWriter, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts,
+        Substituter/*?*/ su, out Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> collectionWriter, out bool newtypeConversionsWereExplicit,
+        ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts,
         List<BoundedPool>/*?*/ bounds = null, List<BoundVar>/*?*/ boundVars = null, int boundIndex = 0) {
       Contract.Requires(bound != null);
       Contract.Requires(bounds == null || (boundVars != null && bounds.Count == boundVars.Count && 0 <= boundIndex && boundIndex < bounds.Count));
@@ -3802,6 +3384,9 @@ Type CompileCollection(BoundedPool bound, IVariable bv, bool inLetExprBody, bool
       var propertySuffix = SupportsProperties ? "" : "()";
       su = su ?? new Substituter(null, new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>(), new Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type>());
 
+      newtypeConversionsWereExplicit =
+        bound is SetBoundedPool or MapBoundedPool or SeqBoundedPool or MultiSetBoundedPool;
+
       if (bound is BoolBoundedPool) {
         collectionWriter = (wr) => EmitBoolBoundedPool(inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
         return new BoolType();
@@ -3953,7 +3538,7 @@ private void IntroduceAndAssignBoundVars(ExistsExpr exists, ConcreteSyntaxTree w
         TrLocalVar(bv, false, wr);
       }
       var ivars = exists.BoundVars.ConvertAll(bv => (IVariable)bv);
-      TrAssignSuchThat(ivars, exists.Term, exists.Bounds, exists.tok.line, wr, false);
+      TrAssignSuchThat(ivars, exists.Term, exists.Bounds, wr, false);
     }
 
     private bool CanSequentializeForall(List<BoundVar> bvs, List<BoundedPool> bounds, Expression range, Expression lhs, Expression rhs) {
@@ -4080,7 +3665,7 @@ protected override bool VisitOneExpr(Expression expr, ref object st) {
       }
     }
 
-    private void TrAssignSuchThat(List<IVariable> lhss, Expression constraint, List<BoundedPool> bounds, int debuginfoLine, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, bool inLetExprBody) {
+    private void TrAssignSuchThat(List<IVariable> lhss, Expression constraint, List<BoundedPool> bounds, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, bool inLetExprBody) {
       Contract.Requires(lhss != null);
       Contract.Requires(constraint != null);
       Contract.Requires(bounds != null);
@@ -4136,8 +3721,8 @@ private void TrAssignSuchThat(List<IVariable> lhss, Expression constraint, List<
         }
         var tmpVar = ProtectedFreshId("_assign_such_that_");
         var wStmts = currentBlock.Fork();
-        var elementType = CompileCollection(bound, bv, inLetExprBody, true, null, out var collection, wStmts);
-        wr = CreateGuardedForeachLoop(tmpVar, elementType, bv, false, inLetExprBody, bv.Tok, collection, wr);
+        var elementType = CompileCollection(bound, bv, inLetExprBody, true, null, out var collection, out var newtypeConversionsWereExplicit, wStmts);
+        wr = CreateGuardedForeachLoop(tmpVar, elementType, bv, newtypeConversionsWereExplicit, false, inLetExprBody, bv.Tok, collection, wr);
         currentBlock = wr;
         if (needIterLimit) {
           var varName = $"{iterLimit}_{i}";
@@ -4156,7 +3741,7 @@ private void TrAssignSuchThat(List<IVariable> lhss, Expression constraint, List<
       copyInstrWriters.Pop();
 
       // Java compiler throws unreachable error when absurd statement is written after unbounded for-loop, so we don't write it then.
-      EmitAbsurd(string.Format("assign-such-that search produced no value (line {0})", debuginfoLine), wrOuter, needIterLimit);
+      EmitAbsurd("assign-such-that search produced no value", wrOuter, needIterLimit);
     }
 
     protected interface ILvalue {
@@ -4351,7 +3936,7 @@ ILvalue CreateLvalue(Expression lhs, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree w
           ll.Obj.Type.IsNonNullRefType || !ll.Obj.Type.IsRefType ? null : UserDefinedType.CreateNonNullType((UserDefinedType)ll.Obj.Type.NormalizeExpand()),
           "_obj", wr, wStmts
         );
-        var typeArgs = TypeArgumentInstantiation.ListFromMember(ll.Member, null, ll.TypeApplication_JustMember);
+        var typeArgs = TypeArgumentInstantiation.ListFromMember(ll.Member, null, ll.TypeApplicationJustMember);
         return EmitMemberSelect(writeStabilized, ll.Obj.Type, ll.Member, typeArgs, ll.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents(), lhs.Type,
           internalAccess: enclosingMethod is Constructor);
 
@@ -4459,7 +4044,8 @@ void TrRhs(AssignmentRhs rhs, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts)
       } else if (typeRhs.ArrayDimensions != null) {
         var nw = ProtectedFreshId("_nw");
         TrRhsArray(typeRhs, nw, wr, wStmts);
-        EmitIdentifier(nw, wr);
+        EmitArrayFinalize(wr, out var wrFinalize, typeRhs.Type);
+        EmitIdentifier(nw, wrFinalize);
 
       } else {
         // Allocate and initialize a new object
@@ -4539,7 +4125,7 @@ void TrRhsArray(TypeRhs typeRhs, string nw, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSynta
           ii++;
         }
 
-      } else if (DeterminesArrayTypeFromExampleElement) {
+      } else if (DeterminesArrayTypeFromExampleElement) { // Not the case for the Rust compiler, for example
         // For a 3-dimensional array allocation
         //     m := new X[e0, e1, e2](InitFunction);
         // generate:
@@ -4652,7 +4238,13 @@ void TrRhsArray(TypeRhs typeRhs, string nw, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSynta
           w = wLoopBody;
         }
         (wArray, wrRhs) = EmitArrayUpdate(Util.Map<string, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree>>(indices, i => wIndex => wIndex.Write(i)), typeRhs.EType, w);
-        wrRhs.Write("{0}{1}({2})", init, LambdaExecute, Enumerable.Range(0, indices.Count).Comma(idx => ArrayIndexToInt(indices[idx])));
+        wrRhs.Write("{0}{1}({2})", init, LambdaExecute, Enumerable.Range(0, indices.Count).Comma(
+          idx => {
+            var w = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
+            EmitArrayIndexToInt(w, out var wIdentifier);
+            wIdentifier.Write(indices[idx]);
+            return w.ToString();
+          }));
         wArray.Write(nw);
         EndStmt(w);
 
@@ -4683,7 +4275,7 @@ void TrRhsArray(TypeRhs typeRhs, string nw, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSynta
         var w = wStmts;
         for (var d = 0; d < typeRhs.ArrayDimensions.Count; d++) {
           w = CreateForLoop(indices[d], w => {
-            EmitArrayLength(w => EmitIdentifier(nw, w), typeRhs, d, w);
+            EmitArrayLength(w => EmitIdentifier(nw, w), typeRhs, d, true, w);
           }, w);
         }
         var (wArray, wrRhs) = EmitArrayUpdate(Util.Map<string, Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree>>(indices, i => wIndex => EmitIdentifier(i, wIndex)), typeRhs.EType, w);
@@ -4694,14 +4286,17 @@ void TrRhsArray(TypeRhs typeRhs, string nw, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSynta
           if (i > 0) {
             wArg.Write(", ");
           }
-          EmitIdentifier(ArrayIndexToInt(indices[i]), wArg);
+
+          EmitArrayIndexToInt(wArg, out var wIndex);
+          EmitIdentifier(indices[i], wIndex);
         }
         EmitIdentifier(nw, wArray);
         EndStmt(w);
       }
     }
 
-    protected virtual void EmitArrayLength(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> arr, TypeRhs typeRhs, int d, ConcreteSyntaxTree w) {
+    protected virtual void EmitArrayLength(Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> arr, TypeRhs typeRhs, int d, bool native,
+      ConcreteSyntaxTree w) {
       GetSpecialFieldInfo(SpecialField.ID.ArrayLength, typeRhs.ArrayDimensions.Count == 1 ? null : d, typeRhs.Type,
                   out var len, out var pre, out var post);
       w.Write($"{pre}");
@@ -4737,13 +4332,22 @@ private static Type TypeOfRhs(AssignmentRhs rhs) {
       }
     }
 
+    protected virtual void EmitStaticExternMethodQualifier(string qual, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      wr.Write(qual);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Emit translation of a call statement.
+    /// The "receiverReplacement" parameter is allowed to be "null". It must be null for tail recursive calls.
+    /// </summary>
     protected virtual void TrCallStmt(CallStmt s, string receiverReplacement, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmtsAfterCall) {
       Contract.Requires(s != null);
       Contract.Assert(s.Method != null);  // follows from the fact that stmt has been successfully resolved
 
       if (s.Method == enclosingMethod && enclosingMethod.IsTailRecursive) {
         // compile call as tail-recursive
-        TrTailCallStmt(s.Tok, s.Method, s.Receiver, s.Args, receiverReplacement, wr);
+        Contract.Assert(receiverReplacement == null); // "receiverReplacement" is expected to be "null" for tail recursive calls
+        TrTailCallStmt(s.Tok, s.Method, s.Receiver, s.Args, wr);
       } else {
         // compile call as a regular call
         var lvalues = new List<ILvalue>();  // contains an entry for each non-ghost formal out-parameter, but the entry is null if the actual out-parameter is ghost
@@ -4832,8 +4436,7 @@ protected virtual void TrCallStmt(CallStmt s, string receiverReplacement, Concre
         }
         Contract.Assert(lvalues.Count == outTmps.Count);
 
-        bool customReceiver = !(s.Method.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl) && NeedsCustomReceiver(s.Method);
-        Contract.Assert(receiverReplacement == null || !customReceiver);  // What would be done in this case? It doesn't ever happen, right?
+        bool customReceiver = NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(s.Method);
 
         var returnStyleOuts = UseReturnStyleOuts(s.Method, outTmps.Count);
         var returnStyleOutCollector = outTmps.Count > 1 && returnStyleOuts && !SupportsMultipleReturns ? ProtectedFreshId("_outcollector") : null;
@@ -4849,12 +4452,12 @@ protected virtual void TrCallStmt(CallStmt s, string receiverReplacement, Concre
           wr = EmitDowncastIfNecessary(instantiatedFromType, toType, s.Tok, wr);
         }
         var protectedName = receiverReplacement == null && customReceiver ? CompanionMemberIdName(s.Method) : IdName(s.Method);
-        if (receiverReplacement != null) {
-          EmitIdentifier(IdProtect(receiverReplacement), wr);
-          wr.Write(InstanceClassAccessor);
-        } else if (customReceiver) {
+        if (customReceiver) {
           EmitTypeName_Companion(s.Receiver.Type, wr, wr, s.Tok, s.Method);
           wr.Write(StaticClassAccessor);
+        } else if (receiverReplacement != null) {
+          EmitIdentifier(IdProtect(receiverReplacement), wr);
+          wr.Write(InstanceClassAccessor);
         } else if (!s.Method.IsStatic) {
           wr.Write("(");
           var wReceiver = wr;
@@ -4864,21 +4467,34 @@ protected virtual void TrCallStmt(CallStmt s, string receiverReplacement, Concre
           EmitExpr(s.Receiver, false, wReceiver, wStmts);
           wr.Write($"){InstanceClassAccessor}");
         } else if (s.Method.IsExtern(Options, out var qual, out var compileName) && qual != null) {
-          wr.Write("{0}{1}", qual, StaticClassAccessor);
+          EmitStaticExternMethodQualifier(qual, wr);
+          wr.Write("{0}", StaticClassAccessor);
           protectedName = compileName;
         } else {
           EmitTypeName_Companion(s.Receiver.Type, wr, wr, s.Tok, s.Method);
           wr.Write(StaticClassAccessor);
         }
-        var typeArgs = CombineAllTypeArguments(s.Method, s.MethodSelect.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass, s.MethodSelect.TypeApplication_JustMember);
-        EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(protectedName, TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, s.Method, false)), s.Tok, wr);
+        var typeArgs = CombineAllTypeArguments(s.Method, s.MethodSelect.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass, s.MethodSelect.TypeApplicationJustMember);
+        var firstReceiverArg = receiverReplacement != null ?
+          new IdentifierExpr(s.Receiver.tok, receiverReplacement) { Type = s.Receiver.Type } : s.Receiver;
+        EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(protectedName, TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, s.Method, false)), s.Tok,
+          firstReceiverArg, customReceiver, wr);
         wr.Write("(");
         var sep = "";
         EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, s.Method.EnclosingClass, s.Method, false), s.Tok, wr, ref sep);
         if (customReceiver) {
           wr.Write(sep);
-          var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(s.Receiver.Type, UserDefinedType.UpcastToMemberEnclosingType(s.Receiver.Type, s.Method), s.Tok, wr);
-          EmitExpr(s.Receiver, false, w, wStmts);
+          if (receiverReplacement != null) {
+            // Dafny-to-Dafny specific: Constructors are in the companion and their first argument is uninitialized,
+            // so they can't necessarily be called like an instance method. Rust forbids it for example.
+            // And we don't want to cast pointers to borrowed values, otherwise that would be undefined behavior.
+            EmitIdentifier(IdProtect(receiverReplacement), wr);
+          } else {
+            var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(s.Receiver.Type,
+              UserDefinedType.UpcastToMemberEnclosingType(s.Receiver.Type, s.Method), s.Tok, wr);
+            EmitExpr(s.Receiver, false, w, wStmts);
+          }
+
           sep = ", ";
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < s.Method.Ins.Count; i++) {
@@ -4887,8 +4503,8 @@ protected virtual void TrCallStmt(CallStmt s, string receiverReplacement, Concre
             wr.Write(sep);
             var fromType = s.Args[i].Type;
             var toType = s.Method.Ins[i].Type;
-            var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(fromType, toType, s.Tok, wr);
             var instantiatedToType = toType.Subst(s.MethodSelect.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents());
+            var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(fromType, instantiatedToType, s.Tok, wr, toType);
             w = EmitDowncastIfNecessary(fromType, instantiatedToType, s.Tok, w);
             EmitExpr(s.Args[i], false, w, wStmts);
             sep = ", ";
@@ -4928,29 +4544,34 @@ protected virtual void TrCallStmt(CallStmt s, string receiverReplacement, Concre
       }
     }
 
-    void TrTailCallStmt(IToken tok, Method method, Expression receiver, List<Expression> args, string receiverReplacement, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    void TrTailCallStmt(IToken tok, Method method, Expression receiver, List<Expression> args, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(method != null);
       Contract.Requires(receiver != null);
       Contract.Requires(args != null);
       Contract.Requires(method.IsTailRecursive);
       Contract.Requires(wr != null);
+      TrTailCall(tok, method.IsStatic, method.Ins, receiver, args, wr);
+    }
 
+    public virtual string TailRecursiveVar(int inParamIndex, IVariable variable) {
+      return IdName(variable);
+    }
+
+    void TrTailCall(IToken tok, bool isStatic, List<Formal> inParameters, Expression receiver, List<Expression> args, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       // assign the actual in-parameters to temporary variables
       var inTmps = new List<string>();
-      var inTypes = new List<Type/*?*/>();
-      if (receiverReplacement != null) {
-        // TODO:  What to do here?  When does this happen, what does it mean?
-      } else if (!method.IsStatic) {
-        string inTmp = ProtectedFreshId("_in");
+      var inTypes = new List<Type>();
+      if (!isStatic) {
+        var inTmp = ProtectedFreshId("_in");
         inTmps.Add(inTmp);
         inTypes.Add(null);
         DeclareLocalVar(inTmp, null, null, receiver, false, wr);
       }
-      for (int i = 0; i < method.Ins.Count; i++) {
-        Formal p = method.Ins[i];
+      for (int i = 0; i < inParameters.Count; i++) {
+        var p = inParameters[i];
         if (!p.IsGhost) {
-          string inTmp = ProtectedFreshId("_in");
+          var inTmp = ProtectedFreshId("_in");
           inTmps.Add(inTmp);
           inTypes.Add(args[i].Type);
           DeclareLocalVar(inTmp, args[i].Type, p.tok, args[i], false, wr);
@@ -4958,7 +4579,7 @@ void TrTailCallStmt(IToken tok, Method method, Expression receiver, List<Express
       }
       // Now, assign to the formals
       int n = 0;
-      if (!method.IsStatic) {
+      if (!isStatic) {
         ConcreteSyntaxTree wRHS = EmitAssignment(IdentLvalue("_this"), null, null, wr, tok);
         if (thisContext == null) {
           wRHS = wr;
@@ -4976,13 +4597,18 @@ void TrTailCallStmt(IToken tok, Method method, Expression receiver, List<Express
         EndStmt(wr);
         n++;
       }
-      foreach (var p in method.Ins) {
+
+      var inParamIndex = 0;
+      foreach (var p in inParameters) {
         if (!p.IsGhost) {
-          EmitIdentifier(
-            inTmps[n],
-            EmitAssignment(IdentLvalue(IdName(p)), p.Type, inTypes[n], wr, tok)
-          );
+          // We want to assign the value to input parameters. However, if input parameters were shadowed
+          // for the compilers that support the same shadowing rules as Dafny (e.g. the Dafny-to-Rust compiler)
+          // we need to assign the result to the temporary and mutable variables instead
+          var wrAssignRhs =
+            EmitAssignment(IdentLvalue(TailRecursiveVar(inParamIndex, p)), p.Type, inTypes[n], wr, tok);
+          EmitIdentifier(inTmps[n], wrAssignRhs);
           n++;
+          inParamIndex++;
         }
       }
       Contract.Assert(n == inTmps.Count);
@@ -4990,6 +4616,10 @@ void TrTailCallStmt(IToken tok, Method method, Expression receiver, List<Express
       EmitJumpToTailCallStart(wr);
     }
 
+    protected virtual void TrDividedBlockStmt(Constructor m, DividedBlockStmt dividedBlockStmt, ConcreteSyntaxTree writer) {
+      TrStmtList(dividedBlockStmt.Body, writer);
+    }
+
     protected virtual void TrStmtList(List<Statement> stmts, ConcreteSyntaxTree writer) {
       Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(stmts));
       Contract.Requires(writer != null);
@@ -5059,7 +4689,8 @@ ConcreteSyntaxTree MatchCasePrelude(string source, UserDefinedType sourceType, D
           BoundVar bv = arguments[m];
           // FormalType f0 = ((Dt_Ctor0)source._D).a0;
           var sw = DeclareLocalVar(IdName(bv), bv.Type, bv.Tok, w);
-          EmitDestructor(wr => EmitIdentifier(source, wr), arg, k, ctor, SelectNonGhost(sourceType.ResolvedClass, sourceType.TypeArgs), bv.Type, sw);
+          EmitDestructor(wr => EmitIdentifier(source, wr), arg, k, ctor, () =>
+            SelectNonGhost(sourceType.ResolvedClass, sourceType.TypeArgs), bv.Type, sw);
           k++;
         }
       }
@@ -5114,6 +4745,7 @@ protected virtual void WriteCast(string s, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) { }
     protected ConcreteSyntaxTree CoercedExpr(Expression expr, Type toType, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
       var result = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
       var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(expr.Type, toType, expr.tok, result);
+      w = EmitDowncastIfNecessary(expr.Type, toType, expr.tok, w);
       EmitExpr(expr, inLetExprBody, w, wStmts);
       return result;
     }
@@ -5128,554 +4760,6 @@ public virtual ConcreteSyntaxTree Expr(Expression expr, bool inLetExprBody, Conc
       return result;
     }
 
-    public virtual void EmitExpr(Expression expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
-      if (expr is LiteralExpr) {
-        LiteralExpr e = (LiteralExpr)expr;
-        EmitLiteralExpr(wr, e);
-
-      } else if (expr is ThisExpr) {
-        if (thisContext != null) {
-          var instantiatedType = expr.Type.Subst(thisContext.ParentFormalTypeParametersToActuals);
-          var contextType = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(expr.tok, thisContext);
-          if (contextType.ResolvedClass is ClassLikeDecl { NonNullTypeDecl: { } } cls) {
-            contextType = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(expr.tok, cls.NonNullTypeDecl);
-          }
-
-          wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(contextType, instantiatedType, expr.tok, wr);
-        }
-        EmitThis(wr);
-
-      } else if (expr is IdentifierExpr) {
-        var e = (IdentifierExpr)expr;
-        if (inLetExprBody && !(e.Var is BoundVar)) {
-          // copy variable to a temp since
-          //   - C# doesn't allow out param in letExpr body, and
-          //   - Java doesn't allow any non-final variable in letExpr body.
-          var name = ProtectedFreshId("_pat_let_tv");
-          EmitIdentifier(name, wr);
-          DeclareLocalVar(name, null, null, false, IdName(e.Var), copyInstrWriters.Peek(), e.Type);
-        } else {
-          EmitIdentifier(IdName(e.Var), wr);
-        }
-      } else if (expr is SetDisplayExpr) {
-        var e = (SetDisplayExpr)expr;
-        EmitCollectionDisplay(e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsSetType, e.tok, e.Elements, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is MultiSetDisplayExpr) {
-        var e = (MultiSetDisplayExpr)expr;
-        EmitCollectionDisplay(e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsMultiSetType, e.tok, e.Elements, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is SeqDisplayExpr) {
-        var e = (SeqDisplayExpr)expr;
-        EmitCollectionDisplay(e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsSeqType, e.tok, e.Elements, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is MapDisplayExpr) {
-        var e = (MapDisplayExpr)expr;
-        EmitMapDisplay(e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsMapType, e.tok, e.Elements, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is MemberSelectExpr) {
-        MemberSelectExpr e = (MemberSelectExpr)expr;
-        SpecialField sf = e.Member as SpecialField;
-        if (sf != null) {
-          GetSpecialFieldInfo(sf.SpecialId, sf.IdParam, e.Obj.Type, out var compiledName, out var preStr, out var postStr);
-          wr.Write(preStr);
-
-          if (sf.IsStatic && !SupportsStaticsInGenericClasses && sf.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.Count != 0) {
-            var typeArgs = e.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass;
-            Contract.Assert(typeArgs.Count == sf.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.Count);
-            wr.Write("{0}.", TypeName_Companion(e.Obj.Type, wr, e.tok, sf));
-            EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(IdName(e.Member), typeArgs, e.tok, wr);
-            var tas = TypeArgumentInstantiation.ListFromClass(sf.EnclosingClass, typeArgs);
-            EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(tas, e.tok, wr.ForkInParens());
-          } else {
-            void writeObj(ConcreteSyntaxTree w) {
-              //Contract.Assert(!sf.IsStatic);
-              w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(e.Obj.Type, UserDefinedType.UpcastToMemberEnclosingType(e.Obj.Type, e.Member), e.tok, w);
-              TrParenExpr(e.Obj, w, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
-            }
-
-            var typeArgs = CombineAllTypeArguments(e.Member, e.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass, e.TypeApplication_JustMember);
-            EmitMemberSelect(writeObj, e.Obj.Type, e.Member, typeArgs, e.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents(), expr.Type).EmitRead(wr);
-          }
-
-          wr.Write(postStr);
-        } else {
-          var typeArgs = CombineAllTypeArguments(e.Member, e.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass, e.TypeApplication_JustMember);
-          var typeMap = e.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents();
-          var customReceiver = NeedsCustomReceiver(e.Member) && !(e.Member.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl);
-          if (!customReceiver && !e.Member.IsStatic) {
-            Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj;
-            // The eta conversion here is to avoid capture of the receiver, because the call to EmitMemberSelect below may generate
-            // a lambda expression in the target language.
-            if (e.Member is Function && typeArgs.Count != 0) {
-              // need to eta-expand wrap the receiver
-              var etaReceiver = ProtectedFreshId("_eta_this");
-              wr = CreateIIFE_ExprBody(etaReceiver, e.Obj.Type, e.Obj.tok, e.Obj, inLetExprBody, e.Type.Subst(typeMap), e.tok, wr, ref wStmts);
-              obj = w => EmitIdentifier(etaReceiver, w);
-            } else {
-              obj = w => EmitExpr(e.Obj, inLetExprBody, w, wStmts);
-            }
-            EmitMemberSelect(obj, e.Obj.Type, e.Member, typeArgs, typeMap, expr.Type).EmitRead(wr);
-          } else {
-            string customReceiverName = null;
-            if (customReceiver && e.Member is Function) {
-              // need to eta-expand wrap the receiver
-              customReceiverName = ProtectedFreshId("_eta_this");
-              wr = CreateIIFE_ExprBody(customReceiverName, e.Obj.Type, e.Obj.tok, e.Obj, inLetExprBody, e.Type.Subst(typeMap), e.tok, wr, ref wStmts);
-            }
-            Action<ConcreteSyntaxTree> obj = w => EmitTypeName_Companion(e.Obj.Type, w, wr, e.tok, e.Member);
-            EmitMemberSelect(obj, e.Obj.Type, e.Member, typeArgs, typeMap, expr.Type, customReceiverName).EmitRead(wr);
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (expr is SeqSelectExpr) {
-        SeqSelectExpr e = (SeqSelectExpr)expr;
-        Contract.Assert(e.Seq.Type != null);
-        if (e.Seq.Type.IsArrayType) {
-          if (e.SelectOne) {
-            Contract.Assert(e.E0 != null && e.E1 == null);
-            var w = EmitArraySelect(new List<Expression>() { e.E0 }, e.Type, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-            w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(
-              e.Seq.Type,
-              e.Seq.Type.IsNonNullRefType || !e.Seq.Type.IsRefType ? null : UserDefinedType.CreateNonNullType((UserDefinedType)e.Seq.Type.NormalizeExpand()),
-              e.tok,
-              w
-            );
-            TrParenExpr(e.Seq, w, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
-          } else {
-            EmitSeqSelectRange(e.Seq, e.E0, e.E1, true, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-          }
-        } else if (e.SelectOne) {
-          Contract.Assert(e.E0 != null && e.E1 == null);
-          EmitIndexCollectionSelect(e.Seq, e.E0, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-        } else {
-          EmitSeqSelectRange(e.Seq, e.E0, e.E1, false, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-        }
-      } else if (expr is SeqConstructionExpr) {
-        var e = (SeqConstructionExpr)expr;
-        EmitSeqConstructionExpr(e, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-      } else if (expr is MultiSetFormingExpr) {
-        var e = (MultiSetFormingExpr)expr;
-        EmitMultiSetFormingExpr(e, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-      } else if (expr is MultiSelectExpr) {
-        MultiSelectExpr e = (MultiSelectExpr)expr;
-        WriteCast(TypeName(e.Type.NormalizeExpand(), wr, e.tok), wr);
-        var w = EmitArraySelect(e.Indices, e.Type, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-        TrParenExpr(e.Array, w, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is SeqUpdateExpr) {
-        SeqUpdateExpr e = (SeqUpdateExpr)expr;
-        var collectionType = e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsCollectionType;
-        Contract.Assert(collectionType != null);
-        EmitIndexCollectionUpdate(e.Seq, e.Index, e.Value, collectionType, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-      } else if (expr is DatatypeUpdateExpr) {
-        var e = (DatatypeUpdateExpr)expr;
-        if (e.Members.All(member => member.IsGhost)) {
-          // all fields to be updated are ghost, which doesn't change the value
-          EmitExpr(e.Root, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-          return;
-        }
-        if (DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, e.Root.Type.AsDatatype, out var dtor)) {
-          var i = e.Members.IndexOf(dtor);
-          if (0 <= i) {
-            // the datatype is an erasable wrapper and its core destructor is part of the update (which implies everything else must be a ghost),
-            // so proceed as with the rhs
-            Contract.Assert(Enumerable.Range(0, e.Members.Count).All(j => j == i || e.Members[j].IsGhost));
-            Contract.Assert(e.Members.Count == e.Updates.Count);
-            var rhs = e.Updates[i].Item3;
-            EmitExpr(rhs, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-            return;
-          }
-        }
-        // the optimized cases don't apply, so proceed according to the desugaring
-        EmitExpr(e.ResolvedExpression, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-      } else if (expr is FunctionCallExpr) {
-        FunctionCallExpr e = (FunctionCallExpr)expr;
-
-        void EmitExpr(Expression e2, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr2, bool inLetExpr, ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts2) {
-          this.EmitExpr(e2, inLetExpr, wr2, wStmts2);
-        }
-
-        if (e.Function is SpecialFunction) {
-          CompileSpecialFunctionCallExpr(e, wr, inLetExprBody, wStmts, EmitExpr);
-        } else {
-          CompileFunctionCallExpr(e, wr, inLetExprBody, wStmts, EmitExpr);
-        }
-
-      } else if (expr is ApplyExpr) {
-        var e = expr as ApplyExpr;
-        EmitApplyExpr(e.Function.Type, e.tok, e.Function, e.Args, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is DatatypeValue) {
-        var dtv = (DatatypeValue)expr;
-        Contract.Assert(dtv.Ctor != null);  // since dtv has been successfully resolved
-
-        if (DatatypeWrapperEraser.IsErasableDatatypeWrapper(Options, dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype, out var dtor)) {
-          var i = dtv.Ctor.Destructors.IndexOf(dtor);
-          Contract.Assert(0 <= i);
-          EmitExpr(dtv.Arguments[i], inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-          return;
-        }
-
-        var wrArgumentList = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
-        var wTypeDescriptorArguments = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
-        var typeSubst = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype.TypeArgs, dtv.InferredTypeArgs);
-        string sep = "";
-        Contract.Assert(dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype.TypeArgs.Count == dtv.InferredTypeArgs.Count);
-        WriteTypeDescriptors(dtv.Ctor.EnclosingDatatype, dtv.InferredTypeArgs, wTypeDescriptorArguments, ref sep);
-        sep = "";
-        for (var i = 0; i < dtv.Arguments.Count; i++) {
-          var formal = dtv.Ctor.Formals[i];
-          if (!formal.IsGhost) {
-            wrArgumentList.Write(sep);
-            var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(@from: dtv.Arguments[i].Type, to: dtv.Ctor.Formals[i].Type.Subst(typeSubst), toOrig: dtv.Ctor.Formals[i].Type, tok: dtv.tok, wr: wrArgumentList);
-            EmitExpr(dtv.Arguments[i], inLetExprBody, w, wStmts);
-            sep = ", ";
-          }
-        }
-        EmitDatatypeValue(dtv, wTypeDescriptorArguments.ToString(), wrArgumentList.ToString(), wr);
-
-      } else if (expr is OldExpr) {
-        Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // 'old' is always a ghost
-
-      } else if (expr is UnaryOpExpr) {
-        var e = (UnaryOpExpr)expr;
-        if (e.ResolvedOp == UnaryOpExpr.ResolvedOpcode.BVNot) {
-          wr = EmitBitvectorTruncation(e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsBitVectorType, e.Type.AsNativeType(), true, wr);
-        }
-        EmitUnaryExpr(UnaryOpCodeMap[e.ResolvedOp], e.E, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-      } else if (expr is ConversionExpr) {
-        var e = (ConversionExpr)expr;
-        var fromType = e.E.Type.GetRuntimeType();
-        var toType = e.ToType.GetRuntimeType();
-        Contract.Assert(Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraits) != CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraitsOptions.Legacy || toType.IsRefType == fromType.IsRefType);
-        if (toType.IsRefType || toType.IsTraitType || fromType.IsTraitType) {
-          var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(e.E.Type, e.ToType, e.tok, wr);
-          w = EmitDowncastIfNecessary(e.E.Type, e.ToType, e.tok, w);
-          EmitExpr(e.E, inLetExprBody, w, wStmts);
-        } else {
-          EmitConversionExpr(e.E, fromType, toType, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-        }
-
-      } else if (expr is TypeTestExpr typeTestExpr) {
-        CompileTypeTest(typeTestExpr, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is BinaryExpr) {
-        var e = (BinaryExpr)expr;
-
-        if (IsComparisonToZero(e, out var arg, out var sign, out var negated) &&
-            CompareZeroUsingSign(arg.Type)) {
-          // Transform e.g. x < BigInteger.Zero into x.Sign == -1
-          var w = EmitSign(arg.Type, wr);
-          TrParenExpr(arg, w, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
-          wr.Write(negated ? " != " : " == ");
-          wr.Write(sign.ToString());
-        } else {
-          CompileBinOp(e.ResolvedOp, e.E0, e.E1, e.tok, expr.Type.GetRuntimeType(),
-            out var opString,
-            out var preOpString,
-            out var postOpString,
-            out var callString,
-            out var staticCallString,
-            out var reverseArguments,
-            out var truncateResult,
-            out var convertE1_to_int,
-            out var coerceE1,
-            wr);
-
-          if (truncateResult && e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsBitVectorType is { } bitvectorType) {
-            wr = EmitBitvectorTruncation(bitvectorType, e.Type.AsNativeType(), true, wr);
-          }
-          var e0 = reverseArguments ? e.E1 : e.E0;
-          var e1 = reverseArguments ? e.E0 : e.E1;
-
-          var left = Expr(e0, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
-          ConcreteSyntaxTree right;
-          if (convertE1_to_int) {
-            right = ExprAsNativeInt(e1, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
-          } else {
-            right = Expr(e1, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
-            if (coerceE1) {
-              right = CoercionIfNecessary(e1.Type, TypeForCoercion(e1.Type), e1.tok, right);
-            }
-          }
-
-          wr.Write(preOpString);
-          if (opString != null) {
-            var nativeType = AsNativeType(e.Type);
-            string nativeName = null;
-            bool needsCast = false;
-            if (nativeType != null) {
-              GetNativeInfo(nativeType.Sel, out nativeName, out _, out needsCast);
-            }
-
-            var opResult = ConcreteSyntaxTree.Create($"{left.InParens()} {opString} {right.InParens()}");
-            if (needsCast) {
-              opResult = Cast(new LineSegment(nativeName), opResult);
-            }
-
-            wr.Append(opResult);
-          } else if (callString != null) {
-            wr.Format($"{left.InParens()}.{callString}({right})");
-          } else if (staticCallString != null) {
-            wr.Format($"{staticCallString}({left}, {right})");
-          }
-          wr.Write(postOpString);
-        }
-      } else if (expr is TernaryExpr) {
-        Contract.Assume(false);  // currently, none of the ternary expressions is compilable
-
-      } else if (expr is LetExpr) {
-        var e = (LetExpr)expr;
-        if (e.Exact) {
-          // The Dafny "let" expression
-          //    var Pattern(x,y) := G; E
-          // is translated into C# as:
-          //    LamLet(G, tmp =>
-          //      LamLet(dtorX(tmp), x =>
-          //      LamLet(dtorY(tmp), y => E)))
-          Contract.Assert(e.LHSs.Count == e.RHSs.Count);  // checked by resolution
-          var w = wr;
-          for (int i = 0; i < e.LHSs.Count; i++) {
-            var lhs = e.LHSs[i];
-            if (Contract.Exists(lhs.Vars, bv => !bv.IsGhost)) {
-              var rhsName = $"_pat_let{GetUniqueAstNumber(e)}_{i}";
-              w = CreateIIFE_ExprBody(rhsName, e.RHSs[i].Type, e.RHSs[i].tok, e.RHSs[i], inLetExprBody, e.Body.Type, e.Body.tok, w, ref wStmts);
-              w = TrCasePattern(lhs, wr => EmitIdentifier(rhsName, wr), e.RHSs[i].Type, e.Body.Type, w, ref wStmts);
-            }
-          }
-          EmitExpr(e.Body, true, w, wStmts);
-        } else if (e.BoundVars.All(bv => bv.IsGhost)) {
-          // The Dafny "let" expression
-          //    ghost var x,y :| Constraint; E
-          // is compiled just like E is, because the resolver has already checked that x,y (or other ghost variables, for that matter) don't
-          // occur in E (moreover, the verifier has checked that values for x,y satisfying Constraint exist).
-          EmitExpr(e.Body, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-        } else {
-          // The Dafny "let" expression
-          //    var x,y :| Constraint; E
-          // is translated into C# as:
-          //    LamLet(0, dummy => {  // the only purpose of this construction here is to allow us to add some code inside an expression in C#
-          //        var x,y;
-          //        // Embark on computation that fills in x,y according to Constraint; the computation stops when the first
-          //        // such value is found, but since the verifier checks that x,y follows uniquely from Constraint, this is
-          //        // not a source of nondeterminancy.
-          //        return E;
-          //      })
-          Contract.Assert(e.RHSs.Count == 1);  // checked by resolution
-          var missingBounds = BoolBoundedPool.MissingBounds(e.BoundVars.ToList<BoundVar>(), e.Constraint_Bounds, BoundedPool.PoolVirtues.Enumerable);
-          if (missingBounds.Count != 0) {
-            foreach (var bv in missingBounds) {
-              Error(ErrorId.c_let_such_that_is_too_complex, e.tok, "this let-such-that expression is too advanced for the current compiler; Dafny's heuristics cannot find any bound for variable '{0}'", wr, bv.Name);
-            }
-          } else {
-            var w = CreateIIFE1(0, e.Body.Type, e.Body.tok, "_let_dummy_" + GetUniqueAstNumber(e), wr, wStmts);
-            foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
-              DeclareLocalVar(IdName(bv), bv.Type, bv.tok, false, ForcePlaceboValue(bv.Type, wr, bv.tok, true), w);
-            }
-            TrAssignSuchThat(new List<IVariable>(e.BoundVars).ConvertAll(bv => (IVariable)bv), e.RHSs[0], e.Constraint_Bounds, e.tok.line, w, inLetExprBody);
-            EmitReturnExpr(e.Body, e.Body.Type, true, w);
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (expr is NestedMatchExpr nestedMatchExpr) {
-        EmitExpr(nestedMatchExpr.Flattened, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-      } else if (expr is MatchExpr) {
-        var e = (MatchExpr)expr;
-        // ((System.Func<SourceType, TargetType>)((SourceType _source) => {
-        //   if (source.is_Ctor0) {
-        //     FormalType f0 = ((Dt_Ctor0)source._D).a0;
-        //     ...
-        //     return Body0;
-        //   } else if (...) {
-        //     ...
-        //   } else if (true) {
-        //     ...
-        //   }
-        // }))(src)
-
-        EmitLambdaApply(wr, out var wLambda, out var wArg);
-
-        string source = ProtectedFreshId("_source");
-        ConcreteSyntaxTree w;
-        w = CreateLambda(new List<Type>() { e.Source.Type }, e.tok, new List<string>() { source }, e.Type, wLambda, wStmts);
-
-        if (e.Cases.Count == 0) {
-          // the verifier would have proved we never get here; still, we need some code that will compile
-          EmitAbsurd(null, w);
-        } else {
-          int i = 0;
-          var sourceType = (UserDefinedType)e.Source.Type.NormalizeExpand();
-          foreach (MatchCaseExpr mc in e.Cases) {
-            var wCase = MatchCasePrelude(source, sourceType, mc.Ctor, mc.Arguments, i, e.Cases.Count, w);
-            TrExprOpt(mc.Body, mc.Body.Type, wCase, wStmts, inLetExprBody: true, accumulatorVar: null);
-            i++;
-          }
-        }
-        // We end with applying the source expression to the delegate we just built
-        EmitExpr(e.Source, inLetExprBody, wArg, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is QuantifierExpr) {
-        var e = (QuantifierExpr)expr;
-
-        // Compilation does not check whether a quantifier was split.
-
-        wr = CaptureFreeVariables(expr, true, out var su, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
-        var logicalBody = su.Substitute(e.LogicalBody(true));
-
-        Contract.Assert(e.Bounds != null);  // for non-ghost quantifiers, the resolver would have insisted on finding bounds
-        var n = e.BoundVars.Count;
-        Contract.Assert(e.Bounds.Count == n);
-        var wBody = wr;
-        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-          var bound = e.Bounds[i];
-          var bv = e.BoundVars[i];
-
-          var collectionElementType = CompileCollection(bound, bv, inLetExprBody, false, su, out var collection, wStmts, e.Bounds, e.BoundVars, i);
-          wBody = EmitQuantifierExpr(collection, expr is ForallExpr, collectionElementType, bv, wBody);
-          var native = AsNativeType(e.BoundVars[i].Type);
-          var tmpVarName = ProtectedFreshId(e is ForallExpr ? "_forall_var_" : "_exists_var_");
-          ConcreteSyntaxTree newWBody = CreateLambda(new List<Type> { collectionElementType }, e.tok, new List<string> { tmpVarName }, Type.Bool, wBody, wStmts, untyped: true);
-          wStmts = newWBody.Fork();
-          newWBody = MaybeInjectSubtypeConstraintWrtTraits(
-            tmpVarName, collectionElementType, bv.Type,
-            inLetExprBody, e.tok, newWBody, true, e is ForallExpr);
-          EmitDowncastVariableAssignment(
-            IdName(bv), bv.Type, tmpVarName, collectionElementType, true, e.tok, newWBody);
-          newWBody = MaybeInjectSubsetConstraint(
-            bv, bv.Type, inLetExprBody, e.tok, newWBody, isReturning: true, elseReturnValue: e is ForallExpr);
-          wBody = newWBody;
-        }
-        EmitExpr(logicalBody, inLetExprBody, wBody, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is SetComprehension) {
-        var e = (SetComprehension)expr;
-        // For "set i,j,k,l | R(i,j,k,l) :: Term(i,j,k,l)" where the term has type "G", emit something like:
-        // ((System.Func<Set<G>>)(() => {
-        //   var _coll = new List<G>();
-        //   foreach (var tmp_l in sq.Elements) { L l = (L)tmp_l;
-        //     foreach (var tmp_k in st.Elements) { K k = (K)tmp_k;
-        //       for (BigInteger j = Lo; j < Hi; j++) {
-        //         for (bool i in Helper.AllBooleans) {
-        //           if (R(i,j,k,l)) {
-        //             _coll.Add(Term(i,j,k,l));
-        //           }
-        //         }
-        //       }
-        //     }
-        //   }
-        //   return Dafny.Set<G>.FromCollection(_coll);
-        // }))()
-        wr = CaptureFreeVariables(e, true, out var su, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
-        e = (SetComprehension)su.Substitute(e);
-
-        Contract.Assert(e.Bounds != null);  // the resolver would have insisted on finding bounds
-        var collectionName = ProtectedFreshId("_coll");
-        var setType = e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsSetType;
-        var bwr = CreateIIFE0(setType, e.tok, wr, wStmts);
-        wStmts = bwr.Fork();
-        wr = bwr;
-        EmitSetBuilder_New(wr, e, collectionName);
-        var n = e.BoundVars.Count;
-        Contract.Assert(e.Bounds.Count == n);
-        for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-          var bound = e.Bounds[i];
-          var bv = e.BoundVars[i];
-          var tmpVar = ProtectedFreshId("_compr_");
-          var wStmtsLoop = wr.Fork();
-          var elementType = CompileCollection(bound, bv, inLetExprBody, true, null, out var collection, wStmtsLoop);
-          wr = CreateGuardedForeachLoop(tmpVar, elementType, bv, true, inLetExprBody, e.tok, collection, wr);
-        }
-
-        var thn = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, false, wr);
-        EmitExpr(e.Range, inLetExprBody, guardWriter, wStmts);
-        EmitSetBuilder_Add(setType, collectionName, e.Term, inLetExprBody, thn);
-        var s = GetCollectionBuilder_Build(setType, e.tok, collectionName, wr);
-        EmitReturnExpr(s, bwr);
-
-      } else if (expr is MapComprehension) {
-        var e = (MapComprehension)expr;
-        // For "map i | R(i) :: Term(i)" where the term has type "V" and i has type "U", emit something like:
-        // ((System.Func<Map<U, V>>)(() => {
-        //   var _coll = new List<Pair<U,V>>();
-        //   foreach (L l in sq.Elements) {
-        //     foreach (K k in st.Elements) {
-        //       for (BigInteger j = Lo; j < Hi; j++) {
-        //         for (bool i in Helper.AllBooleans) {
-        //           if (R(i,j,k,l)) {
-        //             _coll.Add(new Pair(i, Term(i));
-        //           }
-        //         }
-        //       }
-        //     }
-        //   }
-        //   return Dafny.Map<U, V>.FromCollection(_coll);
-        // }))()
-        wr = CaptureFreeVariables(e, true, out var su, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
-        e = (MapComprehension)su.Substitute(e);
-
-        Contract.Assert(e.Bounds != null);  // the resolver would have insisted on finding bounds
-        var mapType = e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsMapType;
-        var domtypeName = TypeName(mapType.Domain, wr, e.tok);
-        var rantypeName = TypeName(mapType.Range, wr, e.tok);
-        var collection_name = ProtectedFreshId("_coll");
-        var bwr = CreateIIFE0(mapType, e.tok, wr, wStmts);
-        wStmts = bwr.Fork();
-        wr = bwr;
-        EmitMapBuilder_New(wr, e, collection_name);
-        var n = e.BoundVars.Count;
-        Contract.Assert(e.Bounds.Count == n);
-        for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-          var bound = e.Bounds[i];
-          var bv = e.BoundVars[i];
-          var tmpVar = ProtectedFreshId("_compr_");
-          var wStmtsLoop = wr.Fork();
-          var elementType = CompileCollection(bound, bv, inLetExprBody, true, null, out var collection, wStmtsLoop);
-          wr = CreateGuardedForeachLoop(tmpVar, elementType, bv, true, false, bv.tok, collection, wr);
-        }
-
-        var thn = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, false, wr);
-        EmitExpr(e.Range, inLetExprBody, guardWriter, wStmts);
-        var termLeftWriter = EmitMapBuilder_Add(mapType, e.tok, collection_name, e.Term, inLetExprBody, thn);
-        if (e.TermLeft == null) {
-          Contract.Assert(e.BoundVars.Count == 1);
-          EmitIdentifier(IdName(e.BoundVars[0]), termLeftWriter);
-        } else {
-          EmitExpr(e.TermLeft, inLetExprBody, termLeftWriter, wStmts);
-        }
-
-        var s = GetCollectionBuilder_Build(mapType, e.tok, collection_name, wr);
-        EmitReturnExpr(s, bwr);
-
-      } else if (expr is LambdaExpr) {
-        var e = (LambdaExpr)expr;
-
-        wr = CaptureFreeVariables(e, false, out var su, inLetExprBody, wr, ref wStmts);
-        wr = CreateLambda(e.BoundVars.ConvertAll(bv => bv.Type), Token.NoToken, e.BoundVars.ConvertAll(IdName), e.Body.Type, wr, wStmts);
-        wStmts = wr.Fork();
-        wr = EmitReturnExpr(wr);
-        // May need an upcast or boxing conversion to coerce to the generic arrow result type
-        wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(e.Body.Type, TypeForCoercion(e.Type.AsArrowType.Result), e.Body.tok, wr);
-        EmitExpr(su.Substitute(e.Body), inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is StmtExpr) {
-        var e = (StmtExpr)expr;
-        EmitExpr(e.E, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is ITEExpr) {
-        var e = (ITEExpr)expr;
-        // The ghost-ITE optimization applies only to at "the top" of the expression structure of a function
-        // body. Those cases are handled in TrExprOpt, so we expect the be compiling both branches here.
-        Contract.Assert(e.HowToCompile == ITEExpr.ITECompilation.CompileBothBranches);
-        EmitITE(e.Test, e.Thn, e.Els, e.Type, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-
-      } else if (expr is ConcreteSyntaxExpression) {
-        var e = (ConcreteSyntaxExpression)expr;
-        EmitExpr(e.ResolvedExpression, inLetExprBody, wr, wStmts);
-
-      } else {
-        Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected expression
-      }
-    }
-
     private void CompileTypeTest(TypeTestExpr expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, ref ConcreteSyntaxTree wStmts) {
       var fromType = expr.E.Type;
       if (fromType.IsSubtypeOf(expr.ToType, false, false)) {
@@ -5781,7 +4865,7 @@ private void CompileTypeTest(TypeTestExpr expr, bool inLetExprBody, ConcreteSynt
           toUdt.ResolvedClass is SubsetTypeDecl or NewtypeDecl) {
         var declWithConstraints = (RedirectingTypeDecl)toUdt.ResolvedClass;
         // check the constraints, by calling the _Is method
-        var wrArgument = EmitCallToIsMethod(declWithConstraints, toUdt.TypeArgs, wr);
+        var wrArgument = MaybeEmitCallToIsMethod(declWithConstraints, toUdt.TypeArgs, wr);
         var targetRepresentationOfFrom = new ConversionExpr(from.tok, from, toType) { Type = toType };
         EmitExpr(targetRepresentationOfFrom, false, wrArgument, wStmts);
       } else {
@@ -5868,28 +4952,35 @@ private ConcreteSyntaxTree MaybeInjectSubtypeConstraintWrtTraits(string tmpVarNa
       return wr;
     }
 
+    protected virtual bool RequiresAllVariablesToBeUsed => false;
+
     /// <summary>
     /// If needed, emit an if-statement wrapper that checks that the value stored in "boundVar" satisfies any (subset-type or newtype) constraints
     /// of "boundVarType".
     /// </summary>
     private ConcreteSyntaxTree MaybeInjectSubsetConstraint(IVariable boundVar, Type boundVarType,
-      bool inLetExprBody, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, bool isReturning = false, bool elseReturnValue = false) {
+      bool inLetExprBody, IToken tok, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr, bool newtypeConversionsWereExplicit,
+      bool isReturning = false, bool elseReturnValue = false) {
 
       if (boundVarType.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints() is UserDefinedType { ResolvedClass: (SubsetTypeDecl or NewtypeDecl) } udt) {
         var declWithConstraints = (RedirectingTypeDecl)udt.ResolvedClass;
 
-        var thenWriter = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, hasElse: isReturning, wr);
+        if (!newtypeConversionsWereExplicit || declWithConstraints is not NewtypeDecl || RequiresAllVariablesToBeUsed) {
+          var thenWriter = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, hasElse: isReturning, wr);
+
+          var argumentWriter = MaybeEmitCallToIsMethod(declWithConstraints, udt.TypeArgs, guardWriter);
 
-        EmitCallToIsMethod(declWithConstraints, udt.TypeArgs, guardWriter).Write(IdName(boundVar));
+          EmitIdentifier(IdName(boundVar), argumentWriter);
 
-        if (isReturning) {
-          var elseBranch = wr;
-          elseBranch = EmitBlock(elseBranch);
-          elseBranch = EmitReturnExpr(elseBranch);
-          var wStmts = elseBranch.Fork();
-          EmitExpr(Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(tok, elseReturnValue), inLetExprBody, elseBranch, wStmts);
+          if (isReturning) {
+            var elseBranch = wr;
+            elseBranch = EmitBlock(elseBranch);
+            var wStmts = elseBranch.Fork();
+            elseBranch = EmitReturnExpr(elseBranch);
+            EmitExpr(Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(tok, elseReturnValue), inLetExprBody, elseBranch, wStmts);
+          }
+          wr = thenWriter;
         }
-        wr = thenWriter;
       }
 
       if (isReturning) {
@@ -5946,7 +5037,7 @@ void ReturnBoolLiteral(ConcreteSyntaxTree writer, bool value) {
         var thenWriter = EmitIf(out var guardWriter, hasElse: false, wr);
         ReturnBoolLiteral(wr, false);
 
-        var wrArgument = EmitCallToIsMethod((RedirectingTypeDecl)baseTypeUdt.ResolvedClass, baseTypeUdt.TypeArgs, guardWriter);
+        var wrArgument = MaybeEmitCallToIsMethod((RedirectingTypeDecl)baseTypeUdt.ResolvedClass, baseTypeUdt.TypeArgs, guardWriter);
         EmitExpr(baseTypeVar, false, wrArgument, wStmts);
 
         wr = thenWriter;
@@ -5961,7 +5052,19 @@ void ReturnBoolLiteral(ConcreteSyntaxTree writer, bool value) {
       }
     }
 
-    protected ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitCallToIsMethod(RedirectingTypeDecl declWithConstraints, List<Type> typeArguments, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+    protected virtual ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitCallToIsMethod(RedirectingTypeDecl declWithConstraints, Type type, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
+      EmitTypeName_Companion(type, wr, wr, declWithConstraints.tok, null);
+      wr.Write(StaticClassAccessor);
+      wr.Write(IsMethodName);
+      var wrArguments = wr.ForkInParens();
+      var sep = "";
+      EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(TypeArgumentInstantiation.ListFromClass((TopLevelDecl)declWithConstraints, type.TypeArgs),
+        declWithConstraints.tok, wrArguments, ref sep);
+      wrArguments.Write(sep);
+      return wrArguments;
+    }
+
+    protected virtual ConcreteSyntaxTree MaybeEmitCallToIsMethod(RedirectingTypeDecl declWithConstraints, List<Type> typeArguments, ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
       Contract.Requires(declWithConstraints is SubsetTypeDecl or NewtypeDecl);
       Contract.Requires(declWithConstraints.TypeArgs.Count == typeArguments.Count);
       Contract.Requires(declWithConstraints.ConstraintIsCompilable);
@@ -5979,15 +5082,7 @@ protected ConcreteSyntaxTree EmitCallToIsMethod(RedirectingTypeDecl declWithCons
 
       // in mind that type parameters are not accessible in static methods in some target languages).
       var type = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(declWithConstraints.tok, (TopLevelDecl)declWithConstraints, typeArguments);
-      EmitTypeName_Companion(type, wr, wr, declWithConstraints.tok, null);
-      wr.Write(StaticClassAccessor);
-      wr.Write(IsMethodName);
-      var wrArguments = wr.ForkInParens();
-      var sep = "";
-      EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(TypeArgumentInstantiation.ListFromClass((TopLevelDecl)declWithConstraints, type.TypeArgs),
-        declWithConstraints.tok, wrArguments, ref sep);
-      wrArguments.Write(sep);
-      return wrArguments;
+      return EmitCallToIsMethod(declWithConstraints, type, wr);
     }
 
     protected ConcreteSyntaxTree CaptureFreeVariables(Expression expr, bool captureOnlyAsRequiredByTargetLanguage,
@@ -6097,7 +5192,7 @@ ConcreteSyntaxTree TrCasePattern(CasePattern<BoundVar> pat, Action<ConcreteSynta
       if (pat.Var != null) {
         var bv = pat.Var;
         if (!bv.IsGhost) {
-          CreateIIFE(IdProtect(bv.CompileName), bv.Type, bv.Tok, bodyType, pat.tok, wr, ref wStmts, out var wrRhs, out var wrBody);
+          CreateIIFE(IdName(bv), bv.Type, bv.Tok, bodyType, pat.tok, wr, ref wStmts, out var wrRhs, out var wrBody);
           wrRhs = EmitDowncastIfNecessary(rhsType, bv.Type, bv.tok, wrRhs);
           rhs(wrRhs);
           return wrBody;
@@ -6116,7 +5211,9 @@ ConcreteSyntaxTree TrCasePattern(CasePattern<BoundVar> pat, Action<ConcreteSynta
             // nothing to compile, but do a sanity check
             Contract.Assert(!Contract.Exists(arg.Vars, bv => !bv.IsGhost));
           } else {
-            wr = TrCasePattern(arg, sw => EmitDestructor(rhs, formal, k, ctor, ((DatatypeValue)pat.Expr).InferredTypeArgs, arg.Expr.Type, sw), formal.Type.Subst(typeSubst), bodyType, wr, ref wStmts);
+            wr = TrCasePattern(arg, sw =>
+              EmitDestructor(rhs, formal, k, ctor, () => ((DatatypeValue)pat.Expr).InferredTypeArgs, arg.Expr.Type, sw),
+              formal.Type.Subst(typeSubst), bodyType, wr, ref wStmts);
             k++;
           }
         }
@@ -6149,11 +5246,12 @@ protected virtual void CompileFunctionCallExpr(FunctionCallExpr e, ConcreteSynta
         wr = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(f.Original.ResultType, toType, e.tok, wr);
       }
 
-      var customReceiver = !(f.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl) && NeedsCustomReceiver(f);
+      var customReceiver = NeedsCustomReceiverNotTrait(f);
       string qual = "";
       string compileName = "";
       if (f.IsExtern(Options, out qual, out compileName) && qual != null) {
-        wr.Write("{0}{1}", qual, ModuleSeparator);
+        EmitStaticExternMethodQualifier(qual, wr);
+        wr.Write("{1}", qual, ModuleSeparator);
       } else if (f.IsStatic || customReceiver) {
         wr.Write("{0}{1}", TypeName_Companion(e.Receiver.Type, wr, e.tok, f), StaticClassAccessor);
         compileName = customReceiver ? CompanionMemberIdName(f) : IdName(f);
@@ -6168,7 +5266,8 @@ protected virtual void CompileFunctionCallExpr(FunctionCallExpr e, ConcreteSynta
         compileName = IdName(f);
       }
       var typeArgs = CombineAllTypeArguments(f, e.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass, e.TypeApplication_JustFunction);
-      EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(compileName, TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, f, false)), f.tok, wr);
+      EmitNameAndActualTypeArgs(compileName, TypeArgumentInstantiation.ToActuals(ForTypeParameters(typeArgs, f, false)),
+        f.tok, e.Receiver, customReceiver, wr);
       wr.Write("(");
       var sep = "";
       EmitTypeDescriptorsActuals(ForTypeDescriptors(typeArgs, f.EnclosingClass, f, false), e.tok, wr, ref sep);
@@ -6179,11 +5278,11 @@ protected virtual void CompileFunctionCallExpr(FunctionCallExpr e, ConcreteSynta
         sep = ", ";
       }
       for (int i = 0; i < e.Args.Count; i++) {
-        if (!e.Function.Formals[i].IsGhost) {
+        if (!e.Function.Ins[i].IsGhost) {
           wr.Write(sep);
           var fromType = e.Args[i].Type;
-          var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(fromType, e.Function.Formals[i].Type, tok: e.tok, wr: wr);
-          var instantiatedToType = e.Function.Formals[i].Type.Subst(e.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents());
+          var instantiatedToType = e.Function.Ins[i].Type.Subst(e.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents());
+          var w = EmitCoercionIfNecessary(fromType, instantiatedToType, tok: e.tok, wr: wr, e.Function.Ins[i].Type);
           w = EmitDowncastIfNecessary(fromType, instantiatedToType, e.tok, w);
           tr(e.Args[i], w, inLetExprBody, wStmts);
           sep = ", ";
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/CompileNestedMatch/MatchAst.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/CompileNestedMatch/MatchAst.cs
index 3f586890bcd..a3dcffd4d2e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/CompileNestedMatch/MatchAst.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/CompileNestedMatch/MatchAst.cs
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public override IEnumerable<Type> ComponentTypes {
   }
 }
 
-public abstract class MatchCase : TokenNode, IHasUsages {
+public abstract class MatchCase : TokenNode, IHasReferences {
   public DatatypeCtor Ctor;
   public List<BoundVar> Arguments;
 
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ public MatchCase(IToken tok, DatatypeCtor ctor, [Captured] List<BoundVar> argume
     this.Arguments = arguments;
   }
 
-  public IToken NameToken => tok;
-  public IEnumerable<IDeclarationOrUsage> GetResolvedDeclarations() {
+  public IToken NavigationToken => tok;
+  public IEnumerable<IHasNavigationToken> GetReferences() {
     return new[] { Ctor };
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/CompileNestedMatch/MatchFlattener.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/CompileNestedMatch/MatchFlattener.cs
index 416d2923b94..47925d0f89f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/CompileNestedMatch/MatchFlattener.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/CompileNestedMatch/MatchFlattener.cs
@@ -41,12 +41,10 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 /// </summary>
 public class MatchFlattener : IRewriter {
   private const string NoCasesMessage = "match has no cases and this is only allowed when the verifier can prove the match is unreachable";
-  private readonly FreshIdGenerator idGenerator;
   private ResolutionContext resolutionContext;
 
-  public MatchFlattener(ErrorReporter reporter, FreshIdGenerator idGenerator)
+  public MatchFlattener(ErrorReporter reporter)
     : base(reporter) {
-    this.idGenerator = idGenerator;
   }
 
   internal override void PostResolve(ModuleDefinition module) {
@@ -174,7 +172,7 @@ private ExtendedPattern RemoveIllegalSubpatterns(ExtendedPattern pat, bool inDis
   }
 
   string FreshTempVarName(string prefix, ICodeContext context) {
-    var gen = context is Declaration decl ? decl.IdGenerator : idGenerator;
+    var gen = context.CodeGenIdGenerator;
     var freshTempVarName = gen.FreshId(prefix);
     return freshTempVarName;
   }
@@ -506,12 +504,12 @@ private CaseBody CompileHeadsContainingLiteralPattern(MatchCompilationState mti,
     return CreateIfElseIfChain(mti, context, matchees.Head, ifBlocks, defaultBlock);
   }
 
-  private static LiteralExpr GetLiteralExpressionFromPattern(ExtendedPattern head) {
+  public static LiteralExpr GetLiteralExpressionFromPattern(ExtendedPattern head) {
     LiteralExpr lit = null;
     if (head is LitPattern litPattern) {
       lit = litPattern.OptimisticallyDesugaredLit;
-    } else if (head is IdPattern id && id.ResolvedLit != null) {
-      lit = id.ResolvedLit;
+    } else if (head is IdPattern { ResolvedLit: { } resolvedLit }) {
+      lit = resolvedLit;
     }
 
     return lit;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/ConcreteSyntax/ConcreteSyntaxTree.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/ConcreteSyntax/ConcreteSyntaxTree.cs
index 77cc8315297..d7860896aa3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/ConcreteSyntax/ConcreteSyntaxTree.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/ConcreteSyntax/ConcreteSyntaxTree.cs
@@ -15,6 +15,12 @@ public enum BlockStyle {
     NewlineBrace
   }
 
+  public static class CanRenderExtensions {
+    public static ConcreteSyntaxTree InParens(this ICanRender canRender) {
+      return ConcreteSyntaxTree.Create($"({canRender})");
+    }
+  }
+
   public class ConcreteSyntaxTree : ICanRender {
     public ConcreteSyntaxTree(int relativeIndent = 0) {
       RelativeIndentLevel = relativeIndent;
@@ -152,10 +158,6 @@ public ConcreteSyntaxTree Write(char value) {
       return this;
     }
 
-    public ConcreteSyntaxTree InParens() {
-      return Create($"({this})");
-    }
-
     // ----- Nested blocks ------------------------------
 
     public virtual ConcreteSyntaxTree ForkInParens() {
@@ -166,7 +168,7 @@ public virtual ConcreteSyntaxTree ForkInParens() {
       return result;
     }
 
-    public ConcreteSyntaxTree NewBlock(string header = "", string footer = "",
+    public virtual ConcreteSyntaxTree NewBlock(string header = "", string footer = "",
       BlockStyle open = BlockStyle.SpaceBrace,
       BlockStyle close = BlockStyle.NewlineBrace) {
       Contract.Requires(header != null);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/CounterExampleGeneration/PartialState.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/CounterExampleGeneration/PartialState.cs
index 0704d02578c..29a069ddd4f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/CounterExampleGeneration/PartialState.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/CounterExampleGeneration/PartialState.cs
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ private void SetupVars() {
     }
     names = names.Concat(State.Variables).Distinct().ToList();
     var notDefinitelyAssigned = new HashSet<string>();
-    foreach (var name in names.Where(name => name.StartsWith("defass#"))) {
+    foreach (var name in names.Where(name => name.StartsWith(BoogieGenerator.DefassPrefix))) {
       var val = State.TryGet(name);
       if (val == null) {
         continue;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Dafny.atg b/Source/DafnyCore/Dafny.atg
index 4afa7764dca..2ac3fb6598f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Dafny.atg
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Dafny.atg
@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ TOKENS
   by = "by".
   in = "in".
   decreases = "decreases".
+  nonincreases = "nonincreases".
   invariant = "invariant".
   function = "function".
   predicate = "predicate".
@@ -198,6 +199,7 @@ TOKENS
   notIn = "!in" CONTEXT (nonidchar).
   ellipsis = "...".
   reveal = "reveal".
+  hide = "hide".
   expect = "expect".
   sarrow = "->".
   qarrow = "~>".
@@ -223,7 +225,7 @@ Dafny
                                    string basePath = parsedFile.Scheme == "stdin" ? "" : Path.GetDirectoryName(parsedFile.LocalPath);
                                    includedFile = Path.Combine(basePath, includedFile);
                                  }
-                                 var oneInclude = new Include(t, parsedFile, new Uri(Path.GetFullPath(includedFile)));
+                                 var oneInclude = new Include(t, parsedFile, new Uri(Path.GetFullPath(includedFile)), theOptions);
                                  oneInclude.RangeToken = new RangeToken(includeStartToken, t);
                                  theModule.Includes.Add(oneInclude);
                                }
@@ -371,7 +373,7 @@ ModuleImport<ModuleDefinition parent, out ModuleDecl submodule>
     |
       QualifiedModuleExport<out var namePath, out idExports>
           (. submodule = new AliasModuleDecl(theOptions, new RangeToken(startToken, t), new ModuleQualifiedId(namePath),
-                                         new Name(new RangeToken(startToken,startToken), namePath[^1].Value), parent, opened, idExports, Guid.NewGuid());
+                                         new Name(RangeToken.NoToken, namePath[^1].Value), parent, opened, idExports, Guid.NewGuid());
           .)
     )
     .
@@ -769,10 +771,12 @@ NewtypeDecl<DeclModifierData dmod, ModuleDefinition module, out TopLevelDecl td>
      CheckDeclModifiers(ref dmod, "newtype", AllowedDeclModifiers.None);
      List<Type> parentTraits = new List<Type>();
      var members = new List<MemberDecl>();
+     var typeParameters = new List<TypeParameter>();
   .)
   "newtype" (. CheckAndSetTokenOnce(ref dmod.FirstToken); .)
   { Attribute<ref attrs> }
   NewtypeName<out name>
+  [ GenericParameters<typeParameters, true> ]
   [ ExtendsClause<parentTraits, out _, "newtype"> ]
   (
   "="
@@ -781,34 +785,28 @@ NewtypeDecl<DeclModifierData dmod, ModuleDefinition module, out TopLevelDecl td>
   ]
   ( IF(IsIdentColonOrBar())
     LocalVarName<out bvId>
-    [ ":" Type<out baseType> ]       (. if (baseType == null) { baseType = new InferredTypeProxy(); } .)
+    [ ":" Type<out baseType> ]
     "|"
     Expression<out constraint, false, true>
-    (. var witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.CompiledZero; .)
-    [ IF(IsWitness())
-      ( "ghost" "witness"                            (. witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Ghost; .)
-        Expression<out witness, false, true>
-      | "witness"
-        ( "*"                                        (. witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.OptOut; .)
-        | Expression<out witness, false, true>       (. witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled; .)
-        )
-      )
-    ]
+    WitnessClause<out var witnessKind, out witness>
     [ TypeMembers<module, members> ]
-    (. td = new NewtypeDecl(new RangeToken(dmod.FirstToken, t), name, module, 
-         new BoundVar(bvId, bvId.val, baseType){ 
-            IsTypeExplicit = true 
-         }, 
+    (. td = new NewtypeDecl(new RangeToken(dmod.FirstToken, t), name, typeParameters, module,
+         new BoundVar(bvId, bvId.val, baseType),
          constraint, witnessKind, witness, parentTraits, members, attrs, isRefining: false);
     .)
   | Type<out baseType>
+    WitnessClause<out var witnessKind, out witness>
     [ TypeMembers<module, members> ]
-    (. td = new NewtypeDecl(new RangeToken(dmod.FirstToken, t), name, module, baseType, parentTraits, members, attrs, isRefining: false); .)
+    (. td = new NewtypeDecl(new RangeToken(dmod.FirstToken, t), name, typeParameters, module,
+         baseType, witnessKind, witness, parentTraits, members, attrs, isRefining: false);
+    .)
   )
   | ellipsis
     [ TypeMembers<module, members> ]
     (. baseType = null; // Base type is not known yet
-       td = new NewtypeDecl(new RangeToken(dmod.FirstToken, t), name, module, baseType, parentTraits, members, attrs, isRefining: true);
+       td = new NewtypeDecl(new RangeToken(dmod.FirstToken, t), name, typeParameters, module, baseType,
+         SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.CompiledZero, null,
+         parentTraits, members, attrs, isRefining: true);
     .)
   )  (. if (td != null) {
           td.TokenWithTrailingDocString = t; 
@@ -841,21 +839,12 @@ SynonymTypeDecl<DeclModifierData dmod, ModuleDefinition module, out TopLevelDecl
   [ "="
     ( IF(IsIdentColonOrBar())
       LocalVarName<out bvId>
-      [ ":" Type<out ty> ]   (. if (ty == null) { ty = new InferredTypeProxy(); } .)
+      [ ":" Type<out ty> ]
       "|"
       Expression<out constraint, false, true>
-      (. var witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.CompiledZero; .)
-      [ IF(IsWitness())
-        ( "ghost" "witness"                            (. witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Ghost; .)
-          Expression<out witness, false, true>
-        | "witness"
-          ( "*"                                        (. witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.OptOut; .)
-          | Expression<out witness, false, true>       (. witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled; .)
-          )
-        )
-      ]
+      WitnessClause<out var witnessKind, out witness>
       (. td = new SubsetTypeDecl(new RangeToken(dmod.FirstToken, t), name, characteristics, typeArgs, module, 
-            new BoundVar(bvId, bvId.val, ty){ IsTypeExplicit = !(ty is InferredTypeProxy) }, constraint, witnessKind, witness, attrs);
+            new BoundVar(bvId, bvId.val, ty), constraint, witnessKind, witness, attrs);
          kind = "subset type";
       .)
     |
@@ -882,6 +871,21 @@ SynonymTypeDecl<DeclModifierData dmod, ModuleDefinition module, out TopLevelDecl
   (. CheckDeclModifiers(ref dmod, kind, AllowedDeclModifiers.None); .)
   .
 
+WitnessClause<out SubsetTypeDecl.WKind witnessKind, out Expression witness>
+= (. witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.CompiledZero;
+     witness = null;
+  .)
+  [ IF(IsWitness())
+    ( "ghost" "witness"                            (. witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Ghost; .)
+      Expression<out witness, false, true>
+    | "witness"
+      ( "*"                                        (. witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.OptOut; .)
+      | Expression<out witness, false, true>       (. witnessKind = SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled; .)
+      )
+    )
+  ]
+  .
+
 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 GIdentType<bool allowGhostKeyword, bool allowNewKeyword, bool allowNameOnlyKeyword, bool allowOlderKeyword,
            out RangeToken range, out Name/*!*/ name, out Type/*!*/ ty, out bool isGhost, out bool isOld, out bool isNameOnly, out bool isOlder>
@@ -935,24 +939,22 @@ IdentType<out IToken/*!*/ id, out IToken originalId, out Type/*!*/ ty, bool allo
   .
 
 LocalIdentTypeOptional<out LocalVariable var, bool isGhost, bool allowWild=true>
-= (. IToken id;  Type ty;  Type optType = null;
+= (. IToken id;  Type ty = null;
      IToken startToken = null;
   .)
   WildIdent<out id, allowWild> (. startToken = t; .)
-  [ ":" Type<out ty>             (. optType = ty; .)
+  [ ":" Type<out ty>
   ]
-  (. var = new LocalVariable(new RangeToken(startToken, t), id.val, optType == null ? new InferredTypeProxy() : optType, isGhost) {
-       IsTypeExplicit = optType != null
-     };
+  (. var = new LocalVariable(new RangeToken(startToken, t), id.val, ty, isGhost);
   .)
   .
 
 IdentTypeOptional<out BoundVar var>
 = (. Contract.Ensures(Contract.ValueAtReturn(out var) != null);
-     Type ty;  Type optType = null;
+     Type ty = null;
   .)
   WildIdentN<out var name, true>
-  [ IF( la.kind == _colon) ":" Type<out ty>             (. optType = ty; .)
+  [ IF( la.kind == _colon) ":" Type<out ty>
      // CoCo warns about this optional ':', because it is ambiguous with a ':' that follows the IdentTypeOptional.
      // An IdentTypeOptional can be the last thing in an Expression (a SetComprehension)
      // Also, a ':' can follow an Expression in a slices-by-length construct. So a ':' here might be the start
@@ -960,8 +962,7 @@ IdentTypeOptional<out BoundVar var>
      // disambiguate, it makes sense to force the colon to consider the ': type' here. Hence the semantic predicate.
      // Also a SetComprehension would be the wrong type in a slices-by-length construct.
   ]
-  (. var = new BoundVar(name.Tok, name.Value, optType == null ? new InferredTypeProxy() : optType) {
-       IsTypeExplicit = optType != null,
+  (. var = new BoundVar(name.Tok, name.Value, ty) {
        RangeToken = new RangeToken(name.StartToken, t)
      }; .)
   .
@@ -1070,40 +1071,41 @@ IteratorDecl<DeclModifierData dmod, ModuleDefinition module, out IteratorDecl/*!
 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 TypeVariableName<out Name name> = Name<out name> .
 
-GenericParameters<.List<TypeParameter/*!*/>/*!*/ typeArgs, bool allowVariance.>
-= (. Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(typeArgs));
-     TypeParameter.TypeParameterCharacteristics characteristics;
-     TypeParameter.TPVarianceSyntax variance = TypeParameter.TPVarianceSyntax.NonVariant_Strict;  // assignment is to please compiler
-     characteristics = new TypeParameter.TypeParameterCharacteristics(false);
-     
-     Name name;
-  .)
+GenericParameters<.List<TypeParameter> typeParameters, bool allowVariance.>
+= (. Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(typeParameters)); .)
   // If a "<" combined with a Variance symbol could be a new token, then the parser here will need to be more complex,
   // since, for example, a < followed immediately by a Variance symbol would scan as the wrong token.
   // Fortunately that is not currently the case.
   // (Only because we parse the new "<-" symbol as separate "<" "-" tokens precisely to avoid this issue :)
-  "<"   (. IToken startToken = t.Next; .)
-  [ Variance<out variance>  (.
-            if (!allowVariance) { SemErr(ErrorId.p_type_parameter_variance_forbidden, t, "type-parameter variance is not allowed to be specified in this context"); }  
-          .)
+  "<"
+  OneTypeParameter<typeParameters, allowVariance>
+  { ","
+    OneTypeParameter<typeParameters, allowVariance>
+  }
+  ">"
+  .
+
+OneTypeParameter<.List<TypeParameter> typeParameters, bool allowVariance.>
+= (. var variance = TypeParameter.TPVarianceSyntax.NonVariant_Strict; // assignment is to please compiler
+     var characteristics = new TypeParameter.TypeParameterCharacteristics(false);
+     Name name;
+     Type typeBound;
+     var typeBounds = new List<Type>();
+     var startToken = t.Next;
+  .)
+  [ Variance<out variance>
+    (. if (!allowVariance) {
+         SemErr(ErrorId.p_type_parameter_variance_forbidden, t, "type-parameter variance is not allowed to be specified in this context");
+       }
+    .)
   ]
   TypeVariableName<out name>
   { TypeParameterCharacteristics<ref characteristics> }
-  (. typeArgs.Add(new TypeParameter(new RangeToken(startToken, t), name, variance, characteristics)); .)
-  { ","
-    (. variance = TypeParameter.TPVarianceSyntax.NonVariant_Strict;
-       characteristics = new TypeParameter.TypeParameterCharacteristics(false);
-       startToken = t.Next; 
-    .)
-    [ Variance<out variance>  (. 
-            if (!allowVariance) { SemErr(ErrorId.p_type_parameter_variance_forbidden, t, "type-parameter variance is not allowed to be specified in this context"); } 
-        .)
-    ]
-    TypeVariableName<out name>
-    { TypeParameterCharacteristics<ref characteristics> }
-    (. typeArgs.Add(new TypeParameter(new RangeToken(startToken, t), name, variance, characteristics)); .)
+  { "extends"
+    Type<out typeBound>
+    (. typeBounds.Add(typeBound); .)
   }
-  ">"
+  (. typeParameters.Add(new TypeParameter(new RangeToken(startToken, t), name, variance, characteristics, typeBounds)); .)
   .
 
 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
@@ -1257,7 +1259,10 @@ MethodDecl<DeclModifierData dmod, bool allowConstructor, out Method/*!*/ m>
   (. var range = new RangeToken(dmod.FirstToken, t);
      if (isConstructor) {
        m = new Constructor(range, hasName ? name : new Name(dmod.FirstToken.ToRange(), "_ctor"), dmod.IsGhost, typeArgs, ins,
-                           req, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), new Specification<FrameExpression>(mod, modAttrs), ens, new Specification<Expression>(dec, decAttrs), (DividedBlockStmt)body, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
+                           req, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), 
+                           new Specification<FrameExpression>(mod, modAttrs), ens, 
+                           new Specification<Expression>(dec, decAttrs), 
+                           (DividedBlockStmt)body, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
      } else if (isLeastLemma) {
        m = new LeastLemma(range, name, dmod.IsStatic, kType, typeArgs, ins, outs,
                           req, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), new Specification<FrameExpression>(mod, modAttrs), ens, new Specification<Expression>(dec, decAttrs), body, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
@@ -1273,7 +1278,9 @@ MethodDecl<DeclModifierData dmod, bool allowConstructor, out Method/*!*/ m>
                              ens, new Specification<Expression>(dec, decAttrs), body, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
      } else {
        m = new Method(range, name, dmod.IsStatic, dmod.IsGhost, typeArgs, ins, outs,
-                      req, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), new Specification<FrameExpression>(mod, modAttrs), ens, new Specification<Expression>(dec, decAttrs), body, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
+                      req, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), 
+                      new Specification<FrameExpression>(mod, modAttrs), ens, 
+                      new Specification<Expression>(dec, decAttrs), body, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
      }
      m.BodyStartTok = bodyStart;
      m.TokenWithTrailingDocString = tokenWithTrailingDocString;
@@ -1418,14 +1425,14 @@ Formals<.bool incoming, bool allowGhostKeyword, bool allowNewKeyword, bool allow
     GIdentType<allowGhostKeyword, allowNewKeyword, incoming, allowOlderKeyword, out range, out name, out ty, out isGhost, out isOld, out isNameOnly, out isOlder>
     ParameterDefaultValue<incoming, out defaultValue>
                  (. formals.Add(new Formal(name.Tok, name.Value, ty, incoming, isGhost, defaultValue, attributes, isOld, isNameOnly, isOlder)
-                        { RangeToken = defaultValue != null ? new RangeToken(range.StartToken, defaultValue.EndToken) : range, IsTypeExplicit = ty != null }
+                        { RangeToken = defaultValue != null ? new RangeToken(range.StartToken, defaultValue.EndToken) : range }
                     ); .)
     { "," 
       { Attribute<ref attributes> }
       GIdentType<allowGhostKeyword, allowNewKeyword, incoming, allowOlderKeyword, out range, out name, out ty, out isGhost, out isOld, out isNameOnly, out isOlder>
       ParameterDefaultValue<incoming, out defaultValue>
                  (. formals.Add(new Formal(name.Tok, name.Value, ty, incoming, isGhost, defaultValue, attributes, isOld, isNameOnly, isOlder)
-                        { RangeToken = defaultValue != null ? new RangeToken(range.StartToken, defaultValue.EndToken) : range, IsTypeExplicit = ty != null }
+                        { RangeToken = defaultValue != null ? new RangeToken(range.StartToken, defaultValue.EndToken) : range }
                     ); .)
     }
   ]
@@ -1456,12 +1463,12 @@ FormalsOptionalIds<.List<Formal/*!*/>/*!*/ formals.>
   [
     TypeIdentOptional<out range, out name, out ty, out isGhost, out defaultValue, out isNameOnly, out attributes>
             (. formals.Add(new Formal(name.Tok, name.Value, ty, true, isGhost, defaultValue, attributes, false, isNameOnly) 
-                    { RangeToken = range, IsTypeExplicit = ty != null}
+                    { RangeToken = range }
                ); 
             .)
     { "," TypeIdentOptional<out range, out name, out ty, out isGhost, out defaultValue, out isNameOnly, out attributes>
             (. formals.Add(new Formal(name.Tok, name.Value, ty, true, isGhost, defaultValue, attributes, false, isNameOnly)
-                    { RangeToken = range, IsTypeExplicit = ty != null}
+                    { RangeToken = range }
                ); 
             .)
     }
@@ -1751,7 +1758,7 @@ FunctionDecl<DeclModifierData dmod, out Function/*!*/ f>
            GIdentType<false, false, false, false, out var range2, out var resultName, out var ty, out var resultIsGhost, out var isOld, out var isNameOnly, out var isOlder>
            (. Contract.Assert(!resultIsGhost && !isOld && !isNameOnly && !isOlder);
               result = new Formal(resultName.Tok, resultName.Value, ty, false, false, null, null, false)
-                { RangeToken = range2, IsTypeExplicit = ty != null };
+                { RangeToken = range2 };
            .)
          ")"
          | Type<out returnType>
@@ -1980,15 +1987,18 @@ FunctionDecl<DeclModifierData dmod, out Function/*!*/ f>
      if (isTwoState && isPredicate) {
        Contract.Assert(functionMethodToken == null && !dmod.IsGhost);
        f = new TwoStatePredicate(range, name, dmod.IsStatic, dmod.IsOpaque, typeArgs, formals, result,
-                                 reqs, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), ens, new Specification<Expression>(decreases, decAttrs), body, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
+                                 reqs, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), ens, 
+                                 new Specification<Expression>(decreases, decAttrs), body, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
      } else if (isTwoState) {
        Contract.Assert(functionMethodToken == null && !dmod.IsGhost);
        f = new TwoStateFunction(range, name, dmod.IsStatic, dmod.IsOpaque, typeArgs, formals, result, returnType,
-                                reqs, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), ens, new Specification<Expression>(decreases, decAttrs), body, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
+                                reqs, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), ens, 
+                                new Specification<Expression>(decreases, decAttrs), body, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
      } else if (isPredicate) {
        Contract.Assert(functionMethodToken == null || !dmod.IsGhost);
        f = new Predicate(range, name, dmod.IsStatic, isGhost, dmod.IsOpaque, typeArgs, formals, result,
-                         reqs, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), ens, new Specification<Expression>(decreases, decAttrs), body, Predicate.BodyOriginKind.OriginalOrInherited,
+                         reqs, new Specification<FrameExpression>(reads, readsAttrs), ens, 
+                         new Specification<Expression>(decreases, decAttrs), body, Predicate.BodyOriginKind.OriginalOrInherited,
                          byMethodTok, byMethodBody, attrs, signatureEllipsis);
      } else if (isLeastPredicate) {
        Contract.Assert(functionMethodToken == null && !dmod.IsGhost);
@@ -2056,7 +2066,7 @@ PredicateResult<string name, out Formal result>
             SemErr(ErrorId.p_predicate_return_type_must_be_bool, new RangeToken(ty.StartToken, t), $"{name} return type should be bool, got {ty}");
           }
           result = new Formal(nameId.Tok, nameId.Value, ty, false, false, null, attributes, false)
-            { RangeToken = range, IsTypeExplicit = ty != null };
+            { RangeToken = range };
        .)
      ")"
      | Type<out returnType> (. SemErr(ErrorId.p_no_return_type_for_predicate, new RangeToken(returnType.StartToken, t), $"{name}s do not have an explicitly declared return type; it is always bool. Unless you want to name the result: ': (result: bool)'"); .)
@@ -2132,6 +2142,7 @@ FunctionBody<out Expression/*!*/ e, out IToken bodyStart, out IToken bodyEnd, ou
   ]
   .
 
+
 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 BlockStmt<out BlockStmt/*!*/ block, out IToken bodyStart, out IToken bodyEnd>
 = (. Contract.Ensures(Contract.ValueAtReturn(out block) != null);
@@ -2144,6 +2155,27 @@ BlockStmt<out BlockStmt/*!*/ block, out IToken bodyStart, out IToken bodyEnd>
                                           .)
   .
 
+OpaqueBlock<out Statement s>
+= (.
+    List<Statement/*!*/> body = new List<Statement/*!*/>();
+    List<AttributedExpression> ensures = new();
+    List<FrameExpression/*!*/> modifies = new List<FrameExpression/*!*/>();
+    Attributes modifiesAttributes = null;
+    IToken start;
+  .)
+  "opaque" (. start = t; .)
+  { ModifiesClause<ref modifies, ref modifiesAttributes, false, false>
+  | EnsuresClause<ensures, false>
+  }
+  "{"
+  { Stmt<body> }
+  "}"
+  (. 
+    s = new OpaqueBlock(new RangeToken(start, t), body, ensures, 
+      new Specification<FrameExpression>(modifies, modifiesAttributes));
+  .)
+  .
+
 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 DividedBlockStmt<out DividedBlockStmt body, out IToken bodyStart, out IToken bodyEnd>
 = (. Contract.Ensures(Contract.ValueAtReturn(out body) != null);
@@ -2177,6 +2209,8 @@ OneStmt<out Statement/*!*/ s>
   .)
   SYNC
   ( BlockStmt<out bs, out bodyStart, out bodyEnd>  (. s = bs; .)
+  | OpaqueBlock<out s>
+  | IF(IsReveal(scanner.Peek())) RevealStmt<out s>
   | UpdateStmt<out s>     // includes UpdateFailure
   | VarDeclStatement<out s>
   | ReturnStmt<out s>
@@ -2193,7 +2227,6 @@ OneStmt<out Statement/*!*/ s>
   | MatchStmt<out s>
   | ModifyStmt<out s>
   | PrintStmt<out s>
-  | RevealStmt<out s>
   | SkeletonStmt<out s>
   | YieldStmt<out s>
   )
@@ -2291,6 +2324,7 @@ UpdateStmt<out Statement/*!*/ s>
      List<AssignmentRhs> rhss = new List<AssignmentRhs>();
      Expression e;
      AssignmentRhs r;
+     BlockStmt proof = null;
      IToken x = Token.NoToken;
      IToken endTok = Token.NoToken;
      IToken startToken = Token.NoToken;
@@ -2328,10 +2362,16 @@ UpdateStmt<out Statement/*!*/ s>
       { "," Rhs<out r>             (. rhss.Add(r); .)
       }
     )
-    ";"                            (. endTok = t; .)
+    (
+      "by" BlockStmt<out proof, out _, out _>
+    | ";"
+    )
   | ":"                            (. SemErr(ErrorId.p_invalid_colon, new RangeToken(startToken, t), "invalid statement beginning here (is a 'label' keyword missing? or a 'const' or 'var' keyword?)"); .)
   | { Attribute<ref attrs> }       (. endToken = t; .)
-    ";"                            (. endTok = t; rhss.Add(new ExprRhs(e, attrs) { RangeToken = new RangeToken(e.StartToken, endToken) }); .)   
+    (
+      "by" BlockStmt<out proof, out _, out _>
+    | ";"
+    )                              (. endTok = t; rhss.Add(new ExprRhs(e, attrs) { RangeToken = new RangeToken(e.StartToken, endToken) }); .)
   | { Attribute<ref attrs> }       (. endToken = t; .)
                                    (. endTok = t; rhss.Add(new ExprRhs(e, attrs) { RangeToken = new RangeToken(e.StartToken, endToken) });
                                       SemErr(ErrorId.p_missing_semicolon, new RangeToken(startToken, t), "missing semicolon at end of statement");
@@ -2346,18 +2386,21 @@ UpdateStmt<out Statement/*!*/ s>
    { Attribute<ref attrs> }        (. exceptionRhs = new ExprRhs(exceptionExpr, attrs); .)
    { "," Rhs<out r>                (. rhss.Add(r); .)
    }
-   ";"                             (. endTok = t; .)
+   (
+     "by" BlockStmt<out proof, out _, out _>
+   | ";"                           (. endTok = t; .)
+   )                           
 )
   (. var rangeToken = new RangeToken(startToken, t);
      if (suchThat != null) {
        s = new AssignSuchThatStmt(rangeToken, lhss, suchThat, suchThatAssume, null);
      } else if (exceptionRhs != null) {
-       s = new AssignOrReturnStmt(rangeToken, lhss, exceptionRhs, keywordToken, rhss);
+       s = new AssignOrReturnStmt(rangeToken, lhss, exceptionRhs, keywordToken, rhss, proof);
      } else {
        if (lhss.Count == 0 && rhss.Count == 0) {
          s = new BlockStmt(rangeToken, new List<Statement>()); // error, give empty statement
        } else {
-         s = new UpdateStmt(rangeToken, lhss, rhss);
+         s = new UpdateStmt(rangeToken, lhss, rhss, proof);
        }
      }
   .)
@@ -2457,6 +2500,7 @@ VarDeclStatement<.out Statement/*!*/ s.>
      ExprRhs exceptionRhs = null;
      Attributes attrs = null;
      Attributes tokenAttrs = null;
+     BlockStmt proof = null;
      IToken endTok;
      IToken startToken = null;
      s = dummyStmt;
@@ -2493,7 +2537,10 @@ VarDeclStatement<.out Statement/*!*/ s.>
       { "," Rhs<out r>               (. rhss.Add(r); .)
       }
     ]
-    SYNC ";"                         (. endTok = t; .)
+    SYNC ( "by"
+      BlockStmt<out proof, out _, out _>
+    | ";"                            (. endTok = t; .)
+    )
     (. ConcreteUpdateStatement update;
        var lhsExprs = new List<Expression>();
        if (isGhost || (rhss.Count == 0 && exceptionRhs == null && suchThat == null)) { // explicitly ghost or no init
@@ -2510,11 +2557,11 @@ VarDeclStatement<.out Statement/*!*/ s.>
        if (suchThat != null) {
          update = new AssignSuchThatStmt(updateRangeToken, lhsExprs, suchThat, suchThatAssume, attrs);
        } else if (exceptionRhs != null) {
-         update = new AssignOrReturnStmt(updateRangeToken, lhsExprs, exceptionRhs, keywordToken, rhss);
+         update = new AssignOrReturnStmt(updateRangeToken, lhsExprs, exceptionRhs, keywordToken, rhss, proof);
        } else if (rhss.Count == 0) {
          update = null;
        } else {
-         update = new UpdateStmt(updateRangeToken, lhsExprs, rhss);
+         update = new UpdateStmt(updateRangeToken, lhsExprs, rhss, proof);
        }
        s = new VarDeclStmt(rangeToken, lhss, update);
     .)
@@ -2975,7 +3022,7 @@ AssumeStmt<out Statement/*!*/ s>
   .)
   "assume"                                     (. x = t; startToken = t; .)
   { Attribute<ref attrs> }
-  ( Expression<out e, false, true>
+  ( Expression<out e, false, false>
   | ellipsis                                   (. dotdotdot = t; 
                                                   errors.Deprecated(ErrorId.p_deprecated_statement_refinement, t, "the ... refinement feature in statements is deprecated");
                                                 .)
@@ -3011,14 +3058,18 @@ RevealStmt<out Statement s>
 = (. Contract.Ensures(Contract.ValueAtReturn(out s) != null);
      IToken x; Expression e; var es = new List<Expression>();
      IToken startToken = null;
+     HideRevealCmd.Modes mode = HideRevealCmd.Modes.Reveal;
+     s = null;
   .)
-  "reveal"                                      (. x = t; startToken = t; .)
-  Expression<out e, false, true>                (. es.Add(e); .)
-  { "," Expression<out e, false, true>          (. es.Add(e); .)
-  }
-  ";"                                           (.
-    s = new RevealStmt(new RangeToken(startToken, t), es);
-    .)
+  ( "reveal"                                    (. x = t; startToken = t; mode = HideRevealCmd.Modes.Reveal; .)
+  | "hide"                                      (. x = t; startToken = t; mode = HideRevealCmd.Modes.Hide; .)
+  )
+  ( Expression<out e, false, true>                (. es.Add(e); .)
+    { "," Expression<out e, false, true>          (. es.Add(e); .)
+    }                                           (. s = new HideRevealStmt(new RangeToken(startToken, t), es, mode); .)
+  | "*"                                         (. s = new HideRevealStmt(new RangeToken(startToken, t), mode); .)
+  )
+  ";"                                           
   .
 
 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
@@ -3207,6 +3258,47 @@ Forall = "forall".
 Exists = "exists".
 QSep = "::".
 
+MaybeDecreasesToExpression<out Expression e, IToken lp>
+= (. List<ActualBinding> args = new();
+     List<Expression> newExprs = new();
+     Expression tmp = null;
+     IToken x = null;
+     bool allowNoChange = false;
+  .)
+  TupleArgs<args>
+  [ ( "decreases"                                                 (. allowNoChange = false; .)
+    | "nonincreases"                                              (. allowNoChange = true; .)
+    ) (. x = t; .)
+    ident
+    (. if (t.val != "to") {
+         SemErr(ErrorId.p_decreases_without_to, t, "expected 'to'");
+       }
+    .)
+    Expression<out tmp, false, false>                             (. newExprs.Add(tmp); .)
+    { ","
+      Expression<out tmp, false, false>                           (. newExprs.Add(tmp); .)
+    }
+  ]
+  (.
+      if (newExprs.Count() == 0) {
+        e = ProcessTupleArgs(args, lp);
+      } else if (args.Count() > 0 && newExprs.Count() > 0) {
+        var formals = args.Where(arg => arg.FormalParameterName != null).ToList();
+        if (formals.Any()) {
+          SemErr(ErrorId.p_binding_in_decreases_to,
+                 formals[0].FormalParameterName,
+                 "bindings are not allowed in `decreases to` expressions.");
+        }
+        var oldExprs = args.Select(arg => arg.Actual).ToList();
+        e = new DecreasesToExpr(x, oldExprs, newExprs, allowNoChange);
+        e.RangeToken = new RangeToken(oldExprs[0].tok, newExprs[newExprs.Count() - 1].tok);
+      } else {
+        // Unreachable
+        e = null;
+      }
+  .)
+  .
+
 /* The "allowLemma" argument says whether or not the expression
  * to be parsed is allowed to have the form S;E where S is a call to a lemma.
  * "allowLemma" should be passed in as "false" whenever the expression to
@@ -3645,6 +3737,8 @@ ConstAtomExpression<out Expression e>
   | "|"                                        (. x = t; .)
       Expression<out e, true, true, false>     (. e = new UnaryOpExpr(x, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Cardinality, e); .)
     "|"
+  | "assigned"                                 (. x = t; .)
+    "(" NameSegment<out e> ")"                 (. e = new UnaryOpExpr(x, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Assigned, e); .)
   | ParensExpression<out e>
   ) (. if(x!= null) { e.RangeToken = new RangeToken(x, t); } .)
   .
@@ -3723,43 +3817,23 @@ LambdaSpec<.ref List<FrameExpression> reads, ref Attributes readsAttrs, ref Expr
 
 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 ParensExpression<out Expression e>
-= (. IToken lp; IToken rp;
+= (. IToken lp = null; IToken rp = null;
      var args = new List<ActualBinding>();
+     e = dummyExpr;
   .)
-  "("                                        (. lp = t; .)
-  [ TupleArgs<args> ]
-  ")"                                        (. rp = t; .)
-  (. if (args.Count == 1 && !args[0].IsGhost) {
-       if (args[0].FormalParameterName != null) {
-         SemErr(ErrorId.p_no_parenthesized_binding, new RangeToken(lp,rp), "binding not allowed in parenthesized expression");
-       }
-       e = new ParensExpression(lp, args[0].Actual);
-     } else {
-       // Compute the actual position of ghost arguments
-       var ghostness = new bool[args.Count];
-       for (var i = 0; i < args.Count; i++) {
-         ghostness[i] = false;
-       }
-       for (var i = 0; i < args.Count; i++) {
-         var arg = args[i];
-         if (arg.IsGhost) {
-           if (arg.FormalParameterName == null) {
-             ghostness[i] = true;
-           } else {
-             var success = int.TryParse(arg.FormalParameterName.val, out var index);
-             if (success && 0 <= index && index < args.Count) {
-               ghostness[index] = true;
-             }
-           }
-         }
-       }
-       var argumentGhostness = ghostness.ToList();
-       // make sure the corresponding tuple type exists
-       SystemModuleModifiers.Add(b => b.TupleType(lp, args.Count, true, argumentGhostness));
-       e = new DatatypeValue(lp, SystemModuleManager.TupleTypeName(argumentGhostness), SystemModuleManager.TupleTypeCtorName(args.Count), args);
-     }
-     e.RangeToken = new RangeToken(lp, rp);
-  .)
+ "("                                        (. lp = t; .)
+  (
+    MaybeDecreasesToExpression<out e, lp>
+    ")"                                     (. rp = t;
+                                               if (e is not DatatypeValue) {
+                                                 e = new ParensExpression(lp, e);
+                                               }
+                                            .)
+  |
+    ")"                                     (. rp = t;
+                                               e = ProcessTupleArgs(new List<ActualBinding>(), lp);
+                                            .)
+  )                                         (. e.RangeToken = new RangeToken(lp, rp); .)
   .
 
 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
@@ -4516,6 +4590,9 @@ Ident<out IToken/*!*/ x>
   | "older"      (. t.kind = _ident; .) // convert it to an ident
   | "opaque"     (. t.kind = _ident; .) // convert it to an ident
                  (. errors.Deprecated(ErrorId.p_deprecated_opaque_as_identifier, t, "opaque is deprecated as an identifier. It will soon become a reserved word. Use a different name."); .)
+  | "hide"       (. t.kind = _ident; .) // convert it to an ident
+  | "reveal"     (. t.kind = _ident; .) // convert it to an ident
+                 
   )
   (. x = t; .)
   .
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyCore.csproj b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyCore.csproj
index 2dfb8efd4c4..73318352a5e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyCore.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyCore.csproj
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
     <OutputPath>..\..\Binaries\</OutputPath>
     <DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
     <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+    <RollForward>Major</RollForward>
     <PackageLicenseExpression>MIT</PackageLicenseExpression>
     
     <NoWarn>$(NoWarn);NU5104</NoWarn> <!-- Required because System.CommandLine is in beta. -->
@@ -26,7 +27,6 @@
   
   <ItemGroup>
       <PackageReference Include="JetBrains.Annotations" Version="2021.1.0" />
-      <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="3.7.0" />
       <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.FileSystemGlobbing" Version="5.0.0" />
       <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" Version="5.0.0" />
       <PackageReference Include="OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer" Version="0.19.5" />
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
       <PackageReference Include="System.CommandLine" Version="2.0.0-beta4.22272.1" />
       <PackageReference Include="System.Runtime.Numerics" Version="4.3.0" />
       <PackageReference Include="System.Collections.Immutable" Version="1.7.1" />
-      <PackageReference Include="Boogie.ExecutionEngine" Version="3.1.3" />
+      <PackageReference Include="Boogie.ExecutionEngine" Version="3.2.5" />
       <PackageReference Include="Tomlyn" Version="0.16.2" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyFile.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyFile.cs
index b4b934a8c92..98bd37528b8 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyFile.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyFile.cs
@@ -1,178 +1,262 @@
+#nullable enable
+
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.CommandLine;
 using System.IO;
-using System.Linq;
 using System.Reflection;
 using System.Reflection.Metadata;
 using System.Reflection.PortableExecutable;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using DafnyAssembly;
 using DafnyCore;
-using JetBrains.Annotations;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public class DafnyFile {
+  public const string DafnyFileExtension = ".dfy";
   public string FilePath => CanonicalPath;
   public string Extension { get; private set; }
   public string CanonicalPath { get; }
   public string BaseName { get; private set; }
-  public bool IsPreverified { get; set; }
-  public bool IsPrecompiled { get; set; }
-  public DafnyOptions ParseOptions { get; private set; }
+  public bool ShouldNotVerify { get; private set; }
+  public bool ShouldNotCompile { get; private set; }
+  public DafnyOptions FileOptions { get; private set; }
   public Func<TextReader> GetContent { get; set; }
   public Uri Uri { get; private set; }
-  [CanBeNull] public IToken Origin { get; }
+  public IToken? Origin { get; }
 
   private static readonly Dictionary<Uri, Uri> ExternallyVisibleEmbeddedFiles = new();
 
+  static DafnyFile() {
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(DoNotVerifyDependencies, OptionCompatibility.OptionLibraryImpliesLocalError);
+  }
+
   public static Uri ExposeInternalUri(string externalName, Uri internalUri) {
     var externalUri = new Uri("dafny:" + externalName);
     ExternallyVisibleEmbeddedFiles[externalUri] = internalUri;
     return externalUri;
   }
 
-  public static async Task<DafnyFile> CreateAndValidate(ErrorReporter reporter, IFileSystem fileSystem,
-    DafnyOptions options, Uri uri, IToken origin, string errorOnNotRecognized = null) {
+  public delegate IAsyncEnumerable<DafnyFile> HandleExtension(DafnyOptions options, IFileSystem
+    fileSystem, ErrorReporter reporter, Uri uri, IToken origin, bool asLibrary);
+
+  private static readonly Dictionary<string, HandleExtension> ExtensionHandlers = new();
+
+  public static void RegisterExtensionHandler(string extension, HandleExtension handler) {
+    ExtensionHandlers[extension] = handler;
+  }
+
+  public static async IAsyncEnumerable<DafnyFile> CreateAndValidate(IFileSystem fileSystem,
+    ErrorReporter reporter,
+    DafnyOptions options, Uri uri, IToken? uriOrigin,
+    bool asLibrary = false, string? errorOnNotRecognized = null) {
 
     var embeddedFile = ExternallyVisibleEmbeddedFiles.GetValueOrDefault(uri);
     if (embeddedFile != null) {
-      var result = await CreateAndValidate(reporter, fileSystem, options, embeddedFile, origin, errorOnNotRecognized);
-      if (result != null) {
+      var embeddedResults = CreateAndValidate(fileSystem, reporter, options, embeddedFile, uriOrigin, asLibrary, errorOnNotRecognized);
+      await foreach (var result in embeddedResults) {
         result.Uri = uri;
+        yield return result;
       }
-      return result;
+      yield break;
     }
 
-    var filePath = uri.LocalPath;
+    uriOrigin ??= Token.NoToken;
+
+    string extension;
+    if (uri.IsFile) {
+      extension = Path.GetExtension(uri.LocalPath).ToLower();
+    } else if (uri.Scheme == "dllresource") {
+      extension = Path.GetExtension(uri.LocalPath).ToLower();
+    } else {
+      extension = DafnyFileExtension;
+    }
+
+    if (uri.Scheme == "untitled" || extension == DafnyFileExtension || extension == ".dfyi") {
+      var file = HandleDafnyFile(fileSystem, reporter, options, uri, uriOrigin, asLibrary);
+      if (file != null) {
+        yield return file;
+      }
+      yield break;
+    }
+
+    if (extension == DooFile.Extension) {
+      await foreach (var dooResult in HandleDooFile(fileSystem, reporter, options, uri, uriOrigin, asLibrary)) {
+        yield return dooResult;
+      }
+      yield break;
+    }
+
+    if (extension == ".dll") {
+      var dllResult = HandleDll(options, uri, uriOrigin);
+      if (dllResult != null) {
+        yield return dllResult;
+      }
+      yield break;
+    }
+
+    var handler = ExtensionHandlers.GetValueOrDefault(extension);
+    if (handler != null) {
+      await foreach (var result in handler(options, fileSystem, reporter, uri, uriOrigin, asLibrary)) {
+        yield return result;
+      }
+      yield break;
+    }
+    if (errorOnNotRecognized != null) {
+      reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, Token.Cli, errorOnNotRecognized);
+    }
+  }
 
-    origin ??= Token.NoToken;
+  public static readonly Option<bool> DoNotVerifyDependencies = new("--dont-verify-dependencies",
+    "Allows Dafny to accept dependencies that may not have been previously verified, which can be useful during development.");
 
+  public static DafnyFile? HandleDafnyFile(IFileSystem fileSystem,
+    ErrorReporter reporter,
+    DafnyOptions options,
+    Uri uri, IToken origin, bool asLibrary = false, bool warnLibrary = true) {
     string canonicalPath;
     string baseName;
-    Func<TextReader> getContent = null;
-    bool isPreverified;
-    bool isPrecompiled;
-    var parseOptions = options;
-    var extension = ".dfy";
     if (uri.IsFile) {
-      extension = Path.GetExtension(uri.LocalPath).ToLower();
       baseName = Path.GetFileName(uri.LocalPath);
       // Normalizing symbolic links appears to be not
       // supported in .Net APIs, because it is very difficult in general
       // So we will just use the absolute path, lowercased for all file systems.
       // cf. IncludeComparer.CompareTo
-      canonicalPath = Canonicalize(filePath).LocalPath;
-    } else if (uri.Scheme == "stdin") {
-      getContent = () => options.Input;
-      baseName = "<stdin>";
-      canonicalPath = "<stdin>";
-    } else if (uri.Scheme == "dllresource") {
-      extension = Path.GetExtension(uri.LocalPath).ToLower();
-      baseName = uri.LocalPath;
-      canonicalPath = uri.ToString();
+      canonicalPath = Canonicalize(uri.LocalPath).LocalPath;
     } else {
       canonicalPath = "";
       baseName = "";
     }
 
-    var filePathForErrors = options.GetPrintPath(filePath);
-    if (getContent != null) {
-      isPreverified = false;
-      isPrecompiled = false;
-    } else if (uri.Scheme == "untitled" || extension == ".dfy" || extension == ".dfyi") {
-      isPreverified = false;
-      isPrecompiled = false;
-      if (!fileSystem.Exists(uri)) {
-        if (0 < options.VerifySnapshots) {
-          // For snapshots, we first create broken DafnyFile without content,
-          // then look for the real files and create DafnuFiles for them.
-          return new DafnyFile(extension, canonicalPath, baseName, null, uri, origin);
-        }
-
-        reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, $"file {filePathForErrors} not found");
-        return null;
+    var filePath = uri.LocalPath;
+    if (!fileSystem.Exists(uri)) {
+      if (0 < options.VerifySnapshots) {
+        // For snapshots, we first create broken DafnyFile without content,
+        // then look for the real files and create DafnuFiles for them.
+        return new DafnyFile(DafnyFileExtension, canonicalPath, baseName, null!, uri, origin, null!);
       }
 
-      getContent = () => fileSystem.ReadFile(uri);
-    } else if (extension == ".doo") {
-      isPreverified = true;
-      isPrecompiled = false;
-
-      DooFile dooFile;
-      if (uri.Scheme == "dllresource") {
-        var assembly = Assembly.Load(uri.Host);
-        // Skip the leading "/"
-        var resourceName = uri.LocalPath[1..];
-        using var stream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(resourceName);
-        if (stream is null) {
-          throw new Exception($"Cannot find embedded resource: {resourceName}");
-        }
+      reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, $"file {options.GetPrintPath(filePath)} not found");
+      return null;
+    }
 
-        dooFile = await DooFile.Read(stream);
-      } else {
-        if (!fileSystem.Exists(uri)) {
-          reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, $"file {filePathForErrors} not found");
-          return null;
-        }
+    if (!options.Get(DoNotVerifyDependencies) && asLibrary && warnLibrary) {
+      reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Project, "", origin,
+        $"The file '{options.GetPrintPath(filePath)}' was passed to --library. " +
+        $"Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. " +
+        $"Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used");
+    }
 
-        try {
-          dooFile = await DooFile.Read(filePath);
-        } catch (InvalidDataException) {
-          reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, $"malformed doo file {options.GetPrintPath(filePath)}");
-          return null;
-        } catch (ArgumentException e) {
-          reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, e.Message);
-          return null;
-        }
+    return new DafnyFile(DafnyFileExtension, canonicalPath, baseName, () => fileSystem.ReadFile(uri), uri, origin, options) {
+      ShouldNotCompile = asLibrary,
+      ShouldNotVerify = asLibrary,
+    };
+  }
 
-      }
+  public static DafnyFile HandleStandardInput(DafnyOptions options, IToken origin) {
+    return new DafnyFile(DafnyFileExtension, "<stdin>", "<stdin>", () => options.Input, new Uri("stdin:///"), origin, options) {
+      ShouldNotCompile = false,
+      ShouldNotVerify = false,
+    };
+  }
 
-      var validDooOptions = dooFile.Validate(reporter, filePathForErrors, options, origin);
-      if (validDooOptions == null) {
-        return null;
-      }
+  /// <summary>
+  /// Technically only for C#, this is for backwards compatability
+  /// </summary>
+  private static DafnyFile? HandleDll(DafnyOptions parseOptions, Uri uri, IToken origin) {
 
-      parseOptions = validDooOptions;
-
-      // For now it's simpler to let the rest of the pipeline parse the
-      // program text back into the AST representation.
-      // At some point we'll likely want to serialize a program
-      // more efficiently inside a .doo file, at which point
-      // the DooFile class should encapsulate the serialization logic better
-      // and expose a Program instead of the program text.
-      getContent = () => new StringReader(dooFile.ProgramText);
-    } else if (extension == ".dll") {
-      isPreverified = true;
-      // Technically only for C#, this is for backwards compatability
-      isPrecompiled = true;
-
-      var sourceText = GetDafnySourceAttributeText(filePath);
-      if (sourceText == null) {
-        return null;
+    string baseName;
+    string canonicalPath;
+    if (uri.IsFile) {
+      baseName = Path.GetFileName(uri.LocalPath);
+      // Normalizing symbolic links appears to be not
+      // supported in .Net APIs, because it is very difficult in general
+      // So we will just use the absolute path, lowercased for all file systems.
+      // cf. IncludeComparer.CompareTo
+      canonicalPath = Canonicalize(uri.LocalPath).LocalPath;
+    } else {
+      canonicalPath = "";
+      baseName = "";
+    }
+
+    var filePath = uri.LocalPath;
+    var sourceText = GetDafnySourceAttributeText(filePath);
+    if (sourceText == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    return new DafnyFile(".dll", canonicalPath, baseName,
+      () => new StringReader(sourceText), uri, origin, parseOptions) {
+      ShouldNotCompile = true,
+      ShouldNotVerify = true,
+    };
+  }
+
+  public delegate Task<int> Executor(TextWriter outputWriter, TextWriter errorWriter, string[] arguments);
+
+  public static async IAsyncEnumerable<DafnyFile> HandleDooFile(IFileSystem fileSystem,
+    ErrorReporter reporter,
+    DafnyOptions options,
+    Uri uri, IToken origin, bool asLibrary) {
+    DooFile dooFile;
+    var filePath = uri.LocalPath;
+
+    if (uri.Scheme == "dllresource") {
+      var assembly = Assembly.Load(uri.Host);
+      // Skip the leading "/"
+      var resourceName = uri.LocalPath[1..];
+      await using var stream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(resourceName);
+      if (stream is null) {
+        throw new Exception($"Cannot find embedded resource: {resourceName}");
       }
-      getContent = () => new StringReader(sourceText);
+
+      dooFile = await DooFile.Read(stream);
     } else {
-      if (errorOnNotRecognized != null) {
-        reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, Token.Cli, errorOnNotRecognized);
+      if (!fileSystem.Exists(uri)) {
+        reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, $"file {options.GetPrintPath(filePath)} not found");
+        yield break;
       }
-      return null;
+
+      try {
+        dooFile = await DooFile.Read(filePath);
+      } catch (InvalidDataException) {
+        reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, $"malformed doo file {options.GetPrintPath(filePath)}");
+        yield break;
+      } catch (ArgumentException e) {
+        reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, e.Message);
+        yield break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    var validDooOptions = dooFile.Validate(reporter, uri, options, origin);
+    if (validDooOptions == null) {
+      yield break;
     }
 
-    return new DafnyFile(extension, canonicalPath, baseName, getContent, uri, origin) {
-      IsPrecompiled = isPrecompiled,
-      IsPreverified = isPreverified,
-      ParseOptions = parseOptions,
+    // For now it's simpler to let the rest of the pipeline parse the
+    // program text back into the AST representation.
+    // At some point we'll likely want to serialize a program
+    // more efficiently inside a .doo file, at which point
+    // the DooFile class should encapsulate the serialization logic better
+    // and expose a Program instead of the program text.
+    yield return new DafnyFile(DooFile.Extension, Canonicalize(uri.LocalPath).LocalPath, Path.GetFileName(uri.LocalPath),
+      () => new StringReader(dooFile.ProgramText), uri, origin, validDooOptions) {
+      ShouldNotCompile = asLibrary,
+      ShouldNotVerify = true,
     };
   }
 
   protected DafnyFile(string extension, string canonicalPath, string baseName,
-    Func<TextReader> getContent, Uri uri, [CanBeNull] IToken origin) {
+    Func<TextReader> getContent, Uri uri, IToken? origin, DafnyOptions fileOptions) {
     Extension = extension;
     CanonicalPath = canonicalPath;
     BaseName = baseName;
     GetContent = getContent;
     Uri = uri;
     Origin = origin;
+    FileOptions = fileOptions;
   }
 
   // Returns a canonical string for the given file path, namely one which is the same
@@ -180,9 +264,9 @@ protected DafnyFile(string extension, string canonicalPath, string baseName,
   // make the path absolute -- detecting case and canonicalizing symbolic and hard
   // links are difficult across file systems (which may mount parts of other filesystems,
   // with different characteristics) and is not supported by .Net libraries
-  public static Uri Canonicalize(string filePath) {
+  public static Uri Canonicalize(string? filePath) {
     if (filePath == null || !filePath.StartsWith("file:")) {
-      return new Uri(Path.GetFullPath(filePath));
+      return new Uri(Path.GetFullPath(filePath!));
     }
 
     if (Uri.IsWellFormedUriString(filePath, UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute)) {
@@ -211,71 +295,22 @@ public static List<string> FileNames(IReadOnlyList<DafnyFile> dafnyFiles) {
     return sourceFiles;
   }
 
-  private static string GetDafnySourceAttributeText(string dllPath) {
+  private static string? GetDafnySourceAttributeText(string dllPath) {
     if (!File.Exists(dllPath)) {
       return null;
     }
-    using var dllFs = new FileStream(dllPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite);
-    using var dllPeReader = new PEReader(dllFs);
-    var dllMetadataReader = dllPeReader.GetMetadataReader();
 
-    foreach (var attrHandle in dllMetadataReader.CustomAttributes) {
-      var attr = dllMetadataReader.GetCustomAttribute(attrHandle);
-      try {
-        /* The cast from EntityHandle to MemberReferenceHandle is overriden, uses private members, and throws
-         * an InvalidCastException if it fails. We have no other option than to use it and catch the exception.
-         */
-        var constructor = dllMetadataReader.GetMemberReference((MemberReferenceHandle)attr.Constructor);
-        var attrType = dllMetadataReader.GetTypeReference((TypeReferenceHandle)constructor.Parent);
-        if (dllMetadataReader.GetString(attrType.Name) == "DafnySourceAttribute") {
-          var decoded = attr.DecodeValue(new StringOnlyCustomAttributeTypeProvider());
-          return (string)decoded.FixedArguments[0].Value;
-        }
-      } catch (InvalidCastException) {
-        // Ignore - the Handle casts are handled as custom explicit operators,
-        // and there's no way I can see to test if the cases will succeed ahead of time.
+    try {
+      var assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(dllPath);
+
+      foreach (DafnySourceAttribute attr in assembly.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DafnySourceAttribute), true)) {
+        return attr.dafnySourceText;
       }
+    } catch (Exception) {
+      // ignored
     }
 
     return null;
   }
 
-  // Dummy implementation of ICustomAttributeTypeProvider, providing just enough
-  // functionality to successfully decode a DafnySourceAttribute value.
-  private class StringOnlyCustomAttributeTypeProvider : ICustomAttributeTypeProvider<System.Type> {
-    public System.Type GetPrimitiveType(PrimitiveTypeCode typeCode) {
-      if (typeCode == PrimitiveTypeCode.String) {
-        return typeof(string);
-      }
-      throw new NotImplementedException();
-    }
-
-    public System.Type GetTypeFromDefinition(MetadataReader reader, TypeDefinitionHandle handle, byte rawTypeKind) {
-      throw new NotImplementedException();
-    }
-
-    public System.Type GetTypeFromReference(MetadataReader reader, TypeReferenceHandle handle, byte rawTypeKind) {
-      throw new NotImplementedException();
-    }
-
-    public System.Type GetSZArrayType(System.Type elementType) {
-      throw new NotImplementedException();
-    }
-
-    public System.Type GetSystemType() {
-      throw new NotImplementedException();
-    }
-
-    public System.Type GetTypeFromSerializedName(string name) {
-      throw new NotImplementedException();
-    }
-
-    public PrimitiveTypeCode GetUnderlyingEnumType(System.Type type) {
-      throw new NotImplementedException();
-    }
-
-    public bool IsSystemType(System.Type type) {
-      throw new NotImplementedException();
-    }
-  }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyGeneratedFromDafny.sh b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyGeneratedFromDafny.sh
index d823e821579..ddc4ccab8fa 100755
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyGeneratedFromDafny.sh
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyGeneratedFromDafny.sh
@@ -17,14 +17,6 @@ if [ "$#" != 0 ] && [ "$1" == "--no-verify" ]; then
 else
   noverify=""
 fi
-
-# If the argument --no-format is passed to the script, we pop it and won't format the resulting cs
-if [ "$#" != 0 ] && [ "$1" == "--no-format" ]; then
-  noformat="true"
-  shift
-else
-  noformat="false"
-fi
   
 # If an argument is passed to the script, store it in this variable. Otherwise use the default "GeneratedFromDafny.cs"
 # Something like output = if no arguments then  "GeneratedFromDafny.cs" else first argument
@@ -36,19 +28,10 @@ else
 fi
 
 ../../Scripts/dafny translate cs dfyconfig.toml --output $output.cs $noverify
+# Exit with error code if the previous command fails
+if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
+  exit 1
+fi
 
-# We will remove all the namespaces Std.* except Std.Wrappers
-python3 -c "
-import re
-with open ('$output.cs', 'r' ) as f:
-  content = f.read()
-  content_trimmed = re.sub('\\[assembly[\\s\\S]*?(?=namespace Formatting)|namespace\\s+\\w+\\s*\\{\\s*\\}\\s*//.*|_\\d_', '', content, flags = re.M)
-  content_new = re.sub('\\r?\\nnamespace\\s+(Std\\.(?!Wrappers)(?!Strings)(?!Collections.Seq)(?!Arithmetic)(?!Math)\\S+)\\s*\\{[\\s\\S]*?\\}\\s*// end of namespace \\\\1', '', content_trimmed, flags = re.M)
-
-with open('$output.cs', 'w') as w:
-  w.write(content_new)
-"
-
-if [ "$noformat" == "false" ]; then
-  dotnet format whitespace --include $output.cs 
-fi
\ No newline at end of file
+rm $output-cs.dtr 
+python3 DafnyGeneratedFromDafnyPost.py $output
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyGeneratedFromDafnyPost.py b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyGeneratedFromDafnyPost.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5fb5b857544
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyGeneratedFromDafnyPost.py
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import re
+import os
+import sys
+# Define output as the first command-line argument
+output = sys.argv[1]
+
+# We will remove all the namespaces Std.* except Std.Wrappers
+# Also, we will replace every Dafny.HaltException("Backends\\Rust\\ by Dafny.HaltException("Backends/Rust/
+# to ensure the source is built the same on linux
+# It requires 16 backslashes for escaping because
+# - 2 as there are two backslashes
+# - 2 as it's a bash string
+# - 2 as it's a python string
+# - 2 as it's an escaped backslash
+# Last step is to split the generated file by namespace and put each in a separate directory inside Generated/
+# according to the namespace. It will make formatting easier.
+
+# test if the file exists before opening it. If not, fail gracefully
+if not os.path.exists(output + '.cs'):
+  print(f"File {output} was not generated. Fix issues and re-run ./DafnyGeneratedFromDafny.sh")
+  exit()
+
+with open (output + '.cs', 'r' ) as f:
+  content = f.read()
+  content_trimmed = re.sub('\[assembly[\s\S]*?(?=namespace Formatting)|namespace\s+\w+\s*\{\s*\}\s*//.*', '', content, flags = re.M)
+  content_new = re.sub('\r?\nnamespace\s+(Std\.(?!Wrappers)(?!Strings)(?!Collections.Seq)(?!Arithmetic)(?!Math)\S+)\s*\{[\s\S]*?\}\s*// end of namespace \\1', '', content_trimmed, flags = re.M)
+  content_new = re.sub('Backends\\\\\\\\Rust\\\\\\\\', 'Backends/Rust/', content_new, flags = re.M)
+
+  # Any test looking like "  if()"
+
+  test_output = "../DafnyCore.Test/"
+
+  if not os.path.exists(output):
+    os.makedirs(output)
+  
+  if not os.path.exists(test_output+output):
+    os.makedirs(test_output+output)
+
+  prelude_match = re.match(r'(.*?)\nnamespace', content_new, re.DOTALL)
+  prelude = prelude_match.group(1).strip() if prelude_match else ""
+  prelude = (prelude +
+    "\n#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced" +
+    "\n#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected" +
+    "\n#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable")
+
+  # Define a regular expression to match the prelude and namespace blocks
+  pattern = re.compile(r'(namespace\s+([\w.]+)\s*{[\s\S]*?}\s*//\s*end\s*of\s*namespace\s+\2)')
+  # Find the prelude and namespace blocks
+  matches = pattern.findall(content_new)
+
+  # Iterate over matches and create files for each namespace
+  for match in matches:
+    namespace_content = match[0]  # Entire namespace block
+    namespace_name = match[1]
+    file_content = f"{prelude}\n\n{namespace_content}"
+
+    # If the name of the namespace ends with "coverage", we move this test
+    # to ../DafnyCore.Test/{output}/....
+    file_path_prefix = ""
+    if namespace_name.endswith("Coverage") or namespace_name.endswith("Test"):
+      file_path_prefix = test_output
+    
+    # Write content to a file
+    file_path = f"{file_path_prefix}{output}/{namespace_name.replace('.', '_')}.cs"  # Replace dots with underscores in file name
+    with open(file_path, 'w') as file:
+      file.write(file_content)
+
+    print(f"File generated: {file_path}")
+
+# Now delete the file output.cs
+os.remove(output + '.cs')
+print("File deleted: " + output + '.cs')
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyMain.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyMain.cs
index a8d6c82a369..4074baaf226 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyMain.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyMain.cs
@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@ public static void MaybePrintProgram(Program program, string filename, bool afte
       var tw = filename == "-" ? program.Options.OutputWriter : new StreamWriter(filename);
       var pr = new Printer(tw, program.Options, program.Options.PrintMode);
       pr.PrintProgramLargeStack(program, afterResolver);
+      if (filename != "-") {
+        tw.Dispose();
+      }
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -72,7 +75,7 @@ public static void MaybePrintProgram(Program program, string filename, bool afte
       return (program, null);
     }
 
-    public static readonly CustomStackSizePoolTaskScheduler LargeThreadScheduler =
+    public static readonly TaskScheduler LargeThreadScheduler =
       CustomStackSizePoolTaskScheduler.Create(0x10000000, Environment.ProcessorCount);
 
     public static readonly TaskFactory LargeStackFactory = new(CancellationToken.None,
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyOptions.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyOptions.cs
index ad51aac1252..e6c6b0a3c4c 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyOptions.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyOptions.cs
@@ -169,9 +169,9 @@ public static void RegisterLegacyUi<T>(Option<T> option,
     }
 
     private static DafnyOptions defaultImmutableOptions;
-    public static DafnyOptions DefaultImmutableOptions => defaultImmutableOptions ??= Create(Console.Out, Console.In);
+    public static DafnyOptions DefaultImmutableOptions => defaultImmutableOptions ??= CreateUsingOldParser(Console.Out, Console.In);
 
-    public static DafnyOptions Create(TextWriter outputWriter, TextReader input = null, params string[] arguments) {
+    public static DafnyOptions CreateUsingOldParser(TextWriter outputWriter, TextReader input = null, params string[] arguments) {
       input ??= TextReader.Null;
       var result = new DafnyOptions(input, outputWriter, outputWriter);
       result.Parse(arguments);
@@ -320,6 +320,7 @@ public enum ContractTestingMode {
     public PrintModes PrintMode = PrintModes.Everything; // Default to printing everything
     public bool DafnyVerify = true;
     public string DafnyPrintResolvedFile = null;
+    public string BoogieExtractionTargetFile = null;
     public List<string> DafnyPrintExportedViews = new List<string>();
     public bool Compile = true;
     public List<string> MainArgs = new List<string>();
@@ -353,7 +354,8 @@ public enum ContractTestingMode {
     public bool WarnShadowing = false;
     public FunctionSyntaxOptions FunctionSyntax = FunctionSyntaxOptions.Version4;
     public QuantifierSyntaxOptions QuantifierSyntax = QuantifierSyntaxOptions.Version4;
-    public int DefiniteAssignmentLevel = 1; // [0..5] 2 and 3 have the same effect, 4 turns off an array initialisation check and field initialization check, unless --enforce-determinism is used.
+
+    public int DefiniteAssignmentLevel { get; set; } = 1;
     public HashSet<string> LibraryFiles { get; set; } = new();
     public ContractTestingMode TestContracts = ContractTestingMode.None;
 
@@ -380,6 +382,8 @@ public enum IncludesModes {
     [CanBeNull] private TestGenerationOptions testGenOptions = null;
     public bool ExtractCounterexample = false;
 
+    public bool ShowProofObligationExpressions = false;
+
     public bool AuditProgram = false;
 
     public static string DefaultZ3Version = "4.12.1";
@@ -652,6 +656,10 @@ protected bool ParseDafnySpecificOption(string name, Bpl.CommandLineParseState p
           VerifyAllModules = true;
           return true;
 
+        case "emitUncompilableCode":
+          this.Set(CommonOptionBag.EmitUncompilableCode, true);
+          return true;
+
         case "separateModuleOutput":
           SeparateModuleOutput = true;
           return true;
@@ -796,6 +804,10 @@ protected bool ParseDafnySpecificOption(string name, Bpl.CommandLineParseState p
           EnhancedErrorMessages = 1;
           return true;
 
+        case "showProofObligationExpressions":
+          ShowProofObligationExpressions = true;
+          return true;
+
         case "testContracts":
           if (ps.ConfirmArgumentCount(1)) {
             if (args[ps.i].Equals("Externs")) {
@@ -1363,6 +1375,11 @@ Treat warnings as errors.
 /verifyAllModules
     Verify modules that come from an include directive.
 
+/emitUncompilableCode
+    Allow compilers to emit uncompilable code that usually contain useful
+    information about what feature is missing, rather than
+    stopping on the first problem
+
 /separateModuleOutput
     Output verification results for each module separately, rather than
     aggregating them after they are all finished.
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyPrelude.bpl b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyPrelude.bpl
index d82cd33cc1c..12857ef3ff5 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyPrelude.bpl
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/DafnyPrelude.bpl
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ axiom (forall x: real :: { $Box(LitReal(x)) } $Box(LitReal(x)) == Lit($Box(x)) )
 
 #if UNICODE_CHAR
 function {:inline} char#IsChar(n: int): bool {
-  (0                  <= n && n < 55296   /* 0xD800 */) || 
+  (0                  <= n && n < 55296   /* 0xD800 */) ||
   (57344 /* 0xE000 */ <= n && n < 1114112 /* 0x11_0000 */ )
 }
 #else
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ axiom (forall v: Map, t0: Ty, t1: Ty ::
       Map#Domain(v)[bx] ==>
         $IsBox(Map#Elements(v)[bx], t1) &&
         $IsBox(bx, t0)));
-            
+
 axiom (forall v: Map, t0: Ty, t1: Ty ::
   { $Is(v, TMap(t0, t1)) }
   $Is(v, TMap(t0, t1)) ==>
@@ -291,9 +291,9 @@ axiom(forall h : Heap, v : real :: { $IsAlloc(v,TReal,h) } $IsAlloc(v,TReal,h));
 axiom(forall h : Heap, v : bool :: { $IsAlloc(v,TBool,h) } $IsAlloc(v,TBool,h));
 axiom(forall h : Heap, v : char :: { $IsAlloc(v,TChar,h) } $IsAlloc(v,TChar,h));
 axiom(forall h : Heap, v : ORDINAL :: { $IsAlloc(v,TORDINAL,h) } $IsAlloc(v,TORDINAL,h));
-    
+
 axiom (forall v: Bv0, h: Heap :: { $IsAlloc(v, TBitvector(0), h) } $IsAlloc(v, TBitvector(0), h));
- 
+
 axiom (forall v: Set, t0: Ty, h: Heap :: { $IsAlloc(v, TSet(t0), h) }
   $IsAlloc(v, TSet(t0), h) <==>
   (forall bx: Box :: { v[bx] }
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ axiom (forall v: Map, t0: Ty, t1: Ty, h: Heap ::
       Map#Domain(v)[bx] ==>
         $IsAllocBox(Map#Elements(v)[bx], t1, h) &&
         $IsAllocBox(bx, t0, h)));
-        
+
 axiom (forall v: IMap, t0: Ty, t1: Ty, h: Heap ::
   { $IsAlloc(v, TIMap(t0, t1), h) }
   $IsAlloc(v, TIMap(t0, t1), h)
@@ -958,150 +958,221 @@ axiom (forall s: Seq, x: Box :: { MultiSet#FromSeq(s)[x] }
 // -- Axiomatization of sequences --------------------------------
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
+
 type Seq;
 
-function Seq#Length(Seq): int;
+function Seq#Length(s: Seq) : int;
+
 axiom (forall s: Seq :: { Seq#Length(s) } 0 <= Seq#Length(s));
 
-function Seq#Empty(): Seq uses {
-  axiom (Seq#Length(Seq#Empty(): Seq) == 0);
+function Seq#Empty() : Seq
+uses {
+axiom Seq#Length(Seq#Empty()) == 0;
 }
-axiom (forall s: Seq :: { Seq#Length(s) }
-  (Seq#Length(s) == 0 ==> s == Seq#Empty())
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq :: { Seq#Length(s) } Seq#Length(s) == 0 ==> s == Seq#Empty());
 // The following would be a nice fact to include, because it would enable verifying the
 // GenericPick.SeqPick* methods in Test/dafny0/SmallTests.dfy.  However, it substantially
 // slows down performance on some other tests, including running seemingly forever on
 // some.
-//  && (Seq#Length(s) != 0 ==> (exists x: Box :: Seq#Contains(s, x)))
-  );
-
-// The empty sequence $Is any type
-//axiom (forall t: Ty :: {$Is(Seq#Empty(): Seq, TSeq(t))} $Is(Seq#Empty(): Seq, TSeq(t)));
+//  axiom (forall s: Seq :: { Seq#Length(s) }
+//    (Seq#Length(s) != 0 ==> (exists x: Box :: Seq#Contains(s, x)))
+//    );
 
-function Seq#Singleton(Box): Seq;
-axiom (forall t: Box :: { Seq#Length(Seq#Singleton(t)) } Seq#Length(Seq#Singleton(t)) == 1);
+function Seq#Build(s: Seq, val: Box) : Seq;
 
-function Seq#Build(s: Seq, val: Box): Seq;
 function Seq#Build_inv0(s: Seq) : Seq;
+
 function Seq#Build_inv1(s: Seq) : Box;
+
 axiom (forall s: Seq, val: Box ::
   { Seq#Build(s, val) }
-  Seq#Build_inv0(Seq#Build(s, val)) == s &&
-  Seq#Build_inv1(Seq#Build(s, val)) == val);
+  Seq#Build_inv0(Seq#Build(s, val)) == s
+     && Seq#Build_inv1(Seq#Build(s, val)) == val);
 
 axiom (forall s: Seq, v: Box ::
-  { Seq#Build(s,v) }
-  Seq#Length(Seq#Build(s,v)) == 1 + Seq#Length(s));
-axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box :: { Seq#Index(Seq#Build(s,v), i) }
-  (i == Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Build(s,v), i) == v) &&
-  (i != Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Build(s,v), i) == Seq#Index(s, i)));
+  { Seq#Build(s, v) }
+  Seq#Length(Seq#Build(s, v)) == 1 + Seq#Length(s));
 
-// Build preserves $Is
-axiom (forall s: Seq, bx: Box, t: Ty :: { $Is(Seq#Build(s,bx),TSeq(t)) }
-    $Is(s,TSeq(t)) && $IsBox(bx,t) ==> $Is(Seq#Build(s,bx),TSeq(t)));
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box ::
+  { Seq#Index(Seq#Build(s, v), i) }
+  (i == Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Build(s, v), i) == v)
+     && (i != Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Build(s, v), i) == Seq#Index(s, i)));
 
-function Seq#Create(ty: Ty, heap: Heap, len: int, init: HandleType): Seq;
-axiom (forall ty: Ty, heap: Heap, len: int, init: HandleType ::
-  { Seq#Length(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init): Seq) }
-  $IsGoodHeap(heap) && 0 <= len ==>
-  Seq#Length(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init): Seq) == len);
-axiom (forall ty: Ty, heap: Heap, len: int, init: HandleType, i: int ::
-  { Seq#Index(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init), i) }
-  $IsGoodHeap(heap) && 0 <= i && i < len ==>
-  Seq#Index(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init), i) == Apply1(TInt, ty, heap, init, $Box(i)));
+axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq ::
+  { Seq#Length(Seq#Append(s0, s1)) }
+  Seq#Length(Seq#Append(s0, s1)) == Seq#Length(s0) + Seq#Length(s1));
+
+function Seq#Index(s: Seq, i: int) : Box;
+
+axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Index(Seq#Append(s0, s1), n) }
+  (n < Seq#Length(s0) ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Append(s0, s1), n) == Seq#Index(s0, n))
+     && (Seq#Length(s0) <= n
+       ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Append(s0, s1), n) == Seq#Index(s1, n - Seq#Length(s0))));
+
+function Seq#Update(s: Seq, i: int, val: Box) : Seq;
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box ::
+  { Seq#Length(Seq#Update(s, i, v)) }
+  0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Length(Seq#Update(s, i, v)) == Seq#Length(s));
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Index(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
+  0 <= n && n < Seq#Length(s)
+     ==> (i == n ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == v)
+       && (i != n ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Index(s, n)));
+
+function Seq#Append(s0: Seq, s1: Seq) : Seq;
+
+function Seq#Contains(s: Seq, val: Box) : bool;
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, x: Box ::
+  { Seq#Contains(s, x) }
+  Seq#Contains(s, x)
+     <==> (exists i: int ::
+      { Seq#Index(s, i) }
+      0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) && Seq#Index(s, i) == x));
 
-function Seq#Append(Seq, Seq): Seq;
-axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq :: { Seq#Length(Seq#Append(s0,s1)) }
-  Seq#Length(Seq#Append(s0,s1)) == Seq#Length(s0) + Seq#Length(s1));
-
-function Seq#Index(Seq, int): Box;
-axiom (forall t: Box :: { Seq#Index(Seq#Singleton(t), 0) } Seq#Index(Seq#Singleton(t), 0) == t);
-axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Index(Seq#Append(s0,s1), n) }
-  (n < Seq#Length(s0) ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Append(s0,s1), n) == Seq#Index(s0, n)) &&
-  (Seq#Length(s0) <= n ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Append(s0,s1), n) == Seq#Index(s1, n - Seq#Length(s0))));
-
-function Seq#Update(Seq, int, Box): Seq;
-axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box :: { Seq#Length(Seq#Update(s,i,v)) }
-  0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Length(Seq#Update(s,i,v)) == Seq#Length(s));
-axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int :: { Seq#Index(Seq#Update(s,i,v),n) }
-  0 <= n && n < Seq#Length(s) ==>
-    (i == n ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Update(s,i,v),n) == v) &&
-    (i != n ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Update(s,i,v),n) == Seq#Index(s,n)));
-
-function Seq#Contains(Seq, Box): bool;
-axiom (forall s: Seq, x: Box :: { Seq#Contains(s,x) }
-  Seq#Contains(s,x) <==>
-    (exists i: int :: { Seq#Index(s,i) } 0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) && Seq#Index(s,i) == x));
 axiom (forall x: Box ::
   { Seq#Contains(Seq#Empty(), x) }
   !Seq#Contains(Seq#Empty(), x));
 
 axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq, x: Box ::
   { Seq#Contains(Seq#Append(s0, s1), x) }
-  Seq#Contains(Seq#Append(s0, s1), x) <==>
-    Seq#Contains(s0, x) || Seq#Contains(s1, x));
+  Seq#Contains(Seq#Append(s0, s1), x)
+     <==> Seq#Contains(s0, x) || Seq#Contains(s1, x));
 
-axiom (forall s: Seq, v: Box, x: Box ::  // needed to prove things like '4 in [2,3,4]', see method TestSequences0 in SmallTests.dfy
+// needed to prove things like '4 in [2,3,4]', see method TestSequences0 in SmallTests.dfy
+axiom (forall s: Seq, v: Box, x: Box ::
   { Seq#Contains(Seq#Build(s, v), x) }
-    Seq#Contains(Seq#Build(s, v), x) <==> (v == x || Seq#Contains(s, x)));
+  Seq#Contains(Seq#Build(s, v), x) <==> v == x || Seq#Contains(s, x));
 
 axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int, x: Box ::
   { Seq#Contains(Seq#Take(s, n), x) }
-  Seq#Contains(Seq#Take(s, n), x) <==>
-    (exists i: int :: { Seq#Index(s, i) }
+  Seq#Contains(Seq#Take(s, n), x)
+     <==> (exists i: int ::
+      { Seq#Index(s, i) }
       0 <= i && i < n && i < Seq#Length(s) && Seq#Index(s, i) == x));
+
 axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int, x: Box ::
   { Seq#Contains(Seq#Drop(s, n), x) }
-  Seq#Contains(Seq#Drop(s, n), x) <==>
-    (exists i: int :: { Seq#Index(s, i) }
+  Seq#Contains(Seq#Drop(s, n), x)
+     <==> (exists i: int ::
+      { Seq#Index(s, i) }
       0 <= n && n <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) && Seq#Index(s, i) == x));
 
-function Seq#Equal(Seq, Seq): bool;
-axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq :: { Seq#Equal(s0,s1) }
-  Seq#Equal(s0,s1) <==>
-    Seq#Length(s0) == Seq#Length(s1) &&
-    (forall j: int :: { Seq#Index(s0,j) } { Seq#Index(s1,j) }
-        0 <= j && j < Seq#Length(s0) ==> Seq#Index(s0,j) == Seq#Index(s1,j)));
-axiom (forall a: Seq, b: Seq :: { Seq#Equal(a,b) }  // extensionality axiom for sequences
-  Seq#Equal(a,b) ==> a == b);
-
-function Seq#SameUntil(Seq, Seq, int): bool;
-axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#SameUntil(s0,s1,n) }
-  Seq#SameUntil(s0,s1,n) <==>
-    (forall j: int :: { Seq#Index(s0,j) } { Seq#Index(s1,j) }
-        0 <= j && j < n ==> Seq#Index(s0,j) == Seq#Index(s1,j)));
-
-function Seq#Take(s: Seq, howMany: int): Seq;
-axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Length(Seq#Take(s,n)) }
-  0 <= n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Length(Seq#Take(s,n)) == n);
+function Seq#Equal(s0: Seq, s1: Seq) : bool;
+
+axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq ::
+  { Seq#Equal(s0, s1) }
+  Seq#Equal(s0, s1)
+     <==> Seq#Length(s0) == Seq#Length(s1)
+       && (forall j: int ::
+        { Seq#Index(s0, j) } { Seq#Index(s1, j) }
+        0 <= j && j < Seq#Length(s0) ==> Seq#Index(s0, j) == Seq#Index(s1, j)));
+
+// extensionality axiom for sequences
+axiom (forall a: Seq, b: Seq :: { Seq#Equal(a, b) } Seq#Equal(a, b) ==> a == b);
+
+function Seq#SameUntil(s0: Seq, s1: Seq, n: int) : bool;
+
+axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq, n: int ::
+  { Seq#SameUntil(s0, s1, n) }
+  Seq#SameUntil(s0, s1, n)
+     <==> (forall j: int ::
+      { Seq#Index(s0, j) } { Seq#Index(s1, j) }
+      0 <= j && j < n ==> Seq#Index(s0, j) == Seq#Index(s1, j)));
+
+function Seq#Take(s: Seq, howMany: int) : Seq;
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Length(Seq#Take(s, n)) }
+  0 <= n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Length(Seq#Take(s, n)) == n);
+
 axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int, j: int ::
-  {:weight 25}
-  { Seq#Index(Seq#Take(s,n), j) }
-  { Seq#Index(s, j), Seq#Take(s,n) }
-  0 <= j && j < n && j < Seq#Length(s) ==>
-    Seq#Index(Seq#Take(s,n), j) == Seq#Index(s, j));
-
-function Seq#Drop(s: Seq, howMany: int): Seq;
-axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Length(Seq#Drop(s,n)) }
-  0 <= n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Length(Seq#Drop(s,n)) == Seq#Length(s) - n);
+  {:weight 25} { Seq#Index(Seq#Take(s, n), j) } { Seq#Index(s, j), Seq#Take(s, n) }
+  0 <= j && j < n && j < Seq#Length(s)
+     ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Take(s, n), j) == Seq#Index(s, j));
+
+function Seq#Drop(s: Seq, howMany: int) : Seq;
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Length(Seq#Drop(s, n)) }
+  0 <= n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Length(Seq#Drop(s, n)) == Seq#Length(s) - n);
+
 axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int, j: int ::
-  {:weight 25}
-  { Seq#Index(Seq#Drop(s,n), j) }
-  0 <= n && 0 <= j && j < Seq#Length(s)-n ==>
-    Seq#Index(Seq#Drop(s,n), j) == Seq#Index(s, j+n));
+  {:weight 25} { Seq#Index(Seq#Drop(s, n), j) }
+  0 <= n && 0 <= j && j < Seq#Length(s) - n
+     ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Drop(s, n), j) == Seq#Index(s, j + n));
+
 axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int, k: int ::
-  {:weight 25}
-  { Seq#Index(s, k), Seq#Drop(s,n) }
-  0 <= n && n <= k && k < Seq#Length(s) ==>
-    Seq#Index(Seq#Drop(s,n), k-n) == Seq#Index(s, k));
-
-axiom (forall s, t: Seq, n: int ::
-  { Seq#Take(Seq#Append(s, t), n) }
-  { Seq#Drop(Seq#Append(s, t), n) }
+  {:weight 25} { Seq#Index(s, k), Seq#Drop(s, n) }
+  0 <= n && n <= k && k < Seq#Length(s)
+     ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Drop(s, n), k - n) == Seq#Index(s, k));
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, t: Seq, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Take(Seq#Append(s, t), n) } { Seq#Drop(Seq#Append(s, t), n) }
   n == Seq#Length(s)
-  ==>
-  Seq#Take(Seq#Append(s, t), n) == s &&
-  Seq#Drop(Seq#Append(s, t), n) == t);
+     ==> Seq#Take(Seq#Append(s, t), n) == s && Seq#Drop(Seq#Append(s, t), n) == t);
+
+// Commutability of Take and Drop with Update.
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
+  0 <= i && i < n && n <= Seq#Length(s)
+     ==> Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Update(Seq#Take(s, n), i, v));
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
+  n <= i && i < Seq#Length(s)
+     ==> Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Take(s, n));
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
+  0 <= n && n <= i && i < Seq#Length(s)
+     ==> Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Update(Seq#Drop(s, n), i - n, v));
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
+  0 <= i && i < n && n <= Seq#Length(s)
+     ==> Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Drop(s, n));
+
+// drop commutes with build.
+axiom (forall s: Seq, v: Box, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Drop(Seq#Build(s, v), n) }
+  0 <= n && n <= Seq#Length(s)
+     ==> Seq#Drop(Seq#Build(s, v), n) == Seq#Build(Seq#Drop(s, n), v));
+
+// Additional axioms about common things
+axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Drop(s, n) } n == 0 ==> Seq#Drop(s, n) == s);
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Take(s, n) }
+  n == 0 ==> Seq#Take(s, n) == Seq#Empty());
+
+axiom (forall s: Seq, m: int, n: int ::
+  { Seq#Drop(Seq#Drop(s, m), n) }
+  0 <= m && 0 <= n && m + n <= Seq#Length(s)
+     ==> Seq#Drop(Seq#Drop(s, m), n) == Seq#Drop(s, m + n));
+
+
+// The empty sequence $Is any type
+//axiom (forall t: Ty :: {$Is(Seq#Empty(): Seq, TSeq(t))} $Is(Seq#Empty(): Seq, TSeq(t)));
+
+// Build preserves $Is
+axiom (forall s: Seq, bx: Box, t: Ty :: { $Is(Seq#Build(s, bx), TSeq(t)) }
+    $Is(s, TSeq(t)) && $IsBox(bx, t) ==> $Is(Seq#Build(s, bx), TSeq(t)));
+
+function Seq#Create(ty: Ty, heap: Heap, len: int, init: HandleType): Seq;
+axiom (forall ty: Ty, heap: Heap, len: int, init: HandleType ::
+  { Seq#Length(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init): Seq) }
+  $IsGoodHeap(heap) && 0 <= len ==>
+  Seq#Length(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init): Seq) == len);
+axiom (forall ty: Ty, heap: Heap, len: int, init: HandleType, i: int ::
+  { Seq#Index(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init), i) }
+  $IsGoodHeap(heap) && 0 <= i && i < len ==>
+  Seq#Index(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init), i) == Apply1(TInt, ty, heap, init, $Box(i)));
 
 function Seq#FromArray(h: Heap, a: ref): Seq;
 axiom (forall h: Heap, a: ref ::
@@ -1128,27 +1199,10 @@ axiom (forall h: Heap, i: int, v: Box, a: ref ::
   { Seq#FromArray(update(h, a, IndexField(i), v), a) }
     0 <= i && i < _System.array.Length(a) ==> Seq#FromArray(update(h, a, IndexField(i), v), a) == Seq#Update(Seq#FromArray(h, a), i, v) );
 
-// Commutability of Take and Drop with Update.
-axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
-        { Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
-        0 <= i && i < n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Update(Seq#Take(s, n), i, v) );
-axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
-        { Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
-        n <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Take(s, n));
-axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
-        { Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
-        0 <= n && n <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Update(Seq#Drop(s, n), i-n, v) );
-axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
-        { Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
-        0 <= i && i < n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Drop(s, n));
 // Extension axiom, triggers only on Takes from arrays.
 axiom (forall h: Heap, a: ref, n0, n1: int ::
         { Seq#Take(Seq#FromArray(h, a), n0), Seq#Take(Seq#FromArray(h, a), n1) }
         n0 + 1 == n1 && 0 <= n0 && n1 <= _System.array.Length(a) ==> Seq#Take(Seq#FromArray(h, a), n1) == Seq#Build(Seq#Take(Seq#FromArray(h, a), n0), read(h, a, IndexField(n0): Field)) );
-// drop commutes with build.
-axiom (forall s: Seq, v: Box, n: int ::
-        { Seq#Drop(Seq#Build(s, v), n) }
-        0 <= n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Drop(Seq#Build(s, v), n) == Seq#Build(Seq#Drop(s, n), v) );
 
 function Seq#Rank(Seq): int;
 axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int ::
@@ -1164,15 +1218,6 @@ axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, j: int ::
         { Seq#Rank(Seq#Append(Seq#Take(s, i), Seq#Drop(s, j))) }
         0 <= i && i < j && j <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Rank(Seq#Append(Seq#Take(s, i), Seq#Drop(s, j))) < Seq#Rank(s) );
 
-// Additional axioms about common things
-axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Drop(s, n) }
-        n == 0 ==> Seq#Drop(s, n) == s);
-axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Take(s, n) }
-        n == 0 ==> Seq#Take(s, n) == Seq#Empty());
-axiom (forall s: Seq, m, n: int :: { Seq#Drop(Seq#Drop(s, m), n) }
-        0 <= m && 0 <= n && m+n <= Seq#Length(s) ==>
-        Seq#Drop(Seq#Drop(s, m), n) == Seq#Drop(s, m+n));
-
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------
 // -- Axiomatization of Maps -------------------------------------
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1501,3 +1546,4 @@ axiom (forall x, y, z: int ::
 #endif
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/DooFile.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/DooFile.cs
index 4922cde1cfc..13368e8a7c7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/DooFile.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/DooFile.cs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#nullable enable
+
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.CommandLine;
@@ -6,15 +8,18 @@
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
-using DafnyCore.Generic;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using Microsoft.Dafny;
 using Tomlyn;
+using Tomlyn.Helpers;
+using Tomlyn.Model;
 
 namespace DafnyCore;
 
 // Model class for the .doo file format for Dafny libraries.
 // Contains the validation logic for safely consuming libraries as well.
 public class DooFile {
+  public const string Extension = ".doo";
 
   private const string ProgramFileEntry = "program";
 
@@ -26,13 +31,20 @@ public class ManifestData {
 
     public string DafnyVersion { get; set; }
 
-    public string SolverIdentifier { get; set; }
-    public string SolverVersion { get; set; }
+    public string? SolverIdentifier { get; set; }
+    public string? SolverVersion { get; set; }
 
     public Dictionary<string, object> Options { get; set; }
 
+    static ManifestData() {
+      CommonOptionBag.EnsureStaticConstructorHasRun();
+    }
+
     public ManifestData() {
       // Only for TOML deserialization!
+      DooFileVersion = null!;
+      DafnyVersion = null!;
+      Options = null!;
     }
 
     public ManifestData(DafnyOptions options) {
@@ -44,8 +56,26 @@ public ManifestData(DafnyOptions options) {
       SolverVersion = options.SolverVersion?.ToString();
 
       Options = new Dictionary<string, object>();
-      foreach (var (option, _) in OptionChecks) {
-        var optionValue = GetOptionValue(options, option);
+      foreach (var option in OptionRegistry.GlobalOptions.Concat(OptionRegistry.ModuleOptions)) {
+        if (option == CommonOptionBag.Libraries) {
+          // We don't want to serialize the FileInfo objects of this option
+          // For now we add an option specific exception here so we do not need to change
+          // the option registration system.
+          // When improve soundness through https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/5335
+          // Then we'll get back to this
+          continue;
+        }
+        var optionValue = options.Get((dynamic)option);
+        if (option == CommonOptionBag.QuantifierSyntax) {
+          switch (optionValue) {
+            case QuantifierSyntaxOptions.Version4:
+              optionValue = "4";
+              break;
+            case QuantifierSyntaxOptions.Version3:
+              optionValue = "3";
+              break;
+          }
+        }
         Options.Add(option.Name, optionValue);
       }
     }
@@ -55,7 +85,17 @@ public static ManifestData Read(TextReader reader) {
     }
 
     public void Write(TextWriter writer) {
-      writer.Write(Toml.FromModel(this, new TomlModelOptions()).Replace("\r\n", "\n"));
+      var content = Toml.FromModel(this, new TomlModelOptions() {
+        ConvertToToml = obj => {
+          if (obj is Enum) {
+            TomlFormatHelper.ToString(obj.ToString()!, TomlPropertyDisplayKind.Default);
+            return obj.ToString();
+          }
+
+          return obj;
+        }
+      }).Replace("\r\n", "\n");
+      writer.Write(content);
     }
   }
 
@@ -63,33 +103,26 @@ public void Write(TextWriter writer) {
 
   public string ProgramText { get; set; }
 
-  // This must be independent from any user-provided options,
-  // and remain fixed over the lifetime of a single .doo file format version.
-  // We don't want to attempt to read the program text using --function-syntax:3 for example.
-  // If we change default option values in future Dafny major version bumps,
-  // this must be configured to stay the same.
-  private static DafnyOptions ProgramSerializationOptions => DafnyOptions.Default;
-
-  public static Task<DooFile> Read(string path) {
+  public static async Task<DooFile> Read(string path) {
     using var archive = ZipFile.Open(path, ZipArchiveMode.Read);
-    return Read(archive);
+    return await Read(archive);
   }
 
-  public static Task<DooFile> Read(Stream stream) {
+  public static async Task<DooFile> Read(Stream stream) {
     using var archive = new ZipArchive(stream);
-    return Read(archive);
+    return await Read(archive);
   }
 
   private static async Task<DooFile> Read(ZipArchive archive) {
-    var result = new DooFile();
 
     var manifestEntry = archive.GetEntry(ManifestFileEntry);
     if (manifestEntry == null) {
       throw new ArgumentException(".doo file missing manifest entry");
     }
 
+    ManifestData manifest;
     await using (var manifestStream = manifestEntry.Open()) {
-      result.Manifest = ManifestData.Read(new StreamReader(manifestStream, Encoding.UTF8));
+      manifest = ManifestData.Read(new StreamReader(manifestStream, Encoding.UTF8));
     }
 
     var programTextEntry = archive.GetEntry(ProgramFileEntry);
@@ -97,11 +130,13 @@ private static async Task<DooFile> Read(ZipArchive archive) {
       throw new ArgumentException(".doo file missing program text entry");
     }
 
+    string programText;
     await using (var programTextStream = programTextEntry.Open()) {
       var reader = new StreamReader(programTextStream, Encoding.UTF8);
-      result.ProgramText = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
+      programText = await reader.ReadToEndAsync();
     }
 
+    var result = new DooFile(manifest, programText);
     return result;
   }
 
@@ -109,7 +144,7 @@ public DooFile(Program dafnyProgram) {
     var tw = new StringWriter {
       NewLine = "\n"
     };
-    var pr = new Printer(tw, ProgramSerializationOptions, PrintModes.Serialization);
+    var pr = new Printer(tw, dafnyProgram.Options, PrintModes.Serialization);
     // afterResolver is false because we don't yet have a way to safely skip resolution
     // when reading the program back into memory.
     // It's probably worth serializing a program in a more efficient way first
@@ -119,51 +154,69 @@ public DooFile(Program dafnyProgram) {
     Manifest = new ManifestData(dafnyProgram.Options);
   }
 
-  private DooFile() {
+  public DooFile(ManifestData manifest, string programText) {
+    Manifest = manifest;
+    ProgramText = programText;
   }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Returns the options as specified by the DooFile
   /// </summary>
-  public DafnyOptions Validate(ErrorReporter reporter, string filePath, DafnyOptions options, IToken origin) {
+  public DafnyOptions? Validate(ErrorReporter reporter, Uri file, DafnyOptions options, IToken origin) {
     if (!options.UsingNewCli) {
       reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin,
-        $"cannot load {filePath}: .doo files cannot be used with the legacy CLI");
+        $"cannot load {options.GetPrintPath(file.LocalPath)}: .doo files cannot be used with the legacy CLI");
       return null;
     }
 
     if (options.VersionNumber != Manifest.DafnyVersion) {
       reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin,
-        $"cannot load {filePath}: it was built with Dafny {Manifest.DafnyVersion}, which cannot be used by Dafny {options.VersionNumber}");
+        $"cannot load {options.GetPrintPath(file.LocalPath)}: it was built with Dafny {Manifest.DafnyVersion}, which cannot be used by Dafny {options.VersionNumber}");
       return null;
     }
 
+    return CheckAndGetLibraryOptions(reporter, file, options, origin, Manifest.Options);
+  }
+
+  public static DafnyOptions? CheckAndGetLibraryOptions(ErrorReporter reporter,
+    Uri libraryFile,
+    DafnyOptions options, IToken origin,
+    IDictionary<string, object> libraryOptions) {
     var result = new DafnyOptions(options);
     var success = true;
+
     var relevantOptions = options.Options.OptionArguments.Keys.ToHashSet();
-    foreach (var (option, check) in OptionChecks) {
+    foreach (var option in OptionRegistry.GlobalOptions.Concat(OptionRegistry.ModuleOptions)) {
       // It's important to only look at the options the current command uses,
       // because other options won't be initialized to the correct default value.
       // See CommandRegistry.Create().
       if (!relevantOptions.Contains(option)) {
         continue;
       }
-
       var localValue = options.Get(option);
 
-      object libraryValue = null;
-      if (Manifest.Options.TryGetValue(option.Name, out var manifestValue)) {
-        if (!TomlUtil.TryGetValueFromToml(reporter, origin, null,
-              option.Name, option.ValueType, manifestValue, out libraryValue)) {
+      object? libraryValue;
+      if (libraryOptions.TryGetValue(option.Name, out var manifestValue)) {
+        var printTomlValue = DafnyProject.PrintTomlOptionToCliValue(libraryFile, manifestValue, option);
+        var parseResult = option.Parse(printTomlValue.ToArray());
+        if (parseResult.Errors.Any()) {
+          reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, $"could not parse value '{manifestValue}' for option '{option.Name}' that has type '{option.ValueType.Name}'");
           return null;
         }
-      } else if (option.ValueType == typeof(IEnumerable<string>)) {
-        // This can happen because Tomlyn will drop aggregate properties with no values.
-        libraryValue = Array.Empty<string>();
+        // By using the dynamic keyword, we can use the generic version of GetValueForOption which does type conversion,
+        // which is sadly not accessible without generics.
+        libraryValue = parseResult.GetValueForOption((dynamic)option);
+      } else {
+        // This else can occur because Tomlyn will drop aggregate properties with no values.
+        // When this happens, use the default value
+        libraryValue = option.Parse("").GetValueForOption(option)!;
       }
 
       result.Options.OptionArguments[option] = libraryValue;
-      success = success && check(reporter, origin, option, localValue, filePath, libraryValue);
+      result.ApplyBinding(option);
+      var prefix = $"cannot load {options.GetPrintPath(libraryFile.LocalPath)}";
+      var checkpasses = OptionRegistry.GlobalCheck(option)?.Invoke(reporter, origin, prefix, option, localValue, libraryValue) ?? true;
+      success = success && checkpasses;
     }
 
     if (!success) {
@@ -173,25 +226,6 @@ public DafnyOptions Validate(ErrorReporter reporter, string filePath, DafnyOptio
     return result;
   }
 
-  private static object GetOptionValue(DafnyOptions options, Option option) {
-    // This is annoyingly necessary because only DafnyOptions.Get<T>(Option<T> option)
-    // handles falling back to the configured default option value,
-    // whereas the non-generic DafnyOptions.Get(Option option) doesn't.
-    // TODO: Move somewhere more generic if this is useful in other cases?
-    var optionType = option.ValueType;
-    if (optionType == typeof(bool)) {
-      return options.Get((Option<bool>)option);
-    }
-    if (optionType == typeof(string)) {
-      return options.Get((Option<string>)option);
-    }
-    if (optionType == typeof(IEnumerable<string>)) {
-      return options.Get((Option<IEnumerable<string>>)option);
-    }
-
-    throw new ArgumentException();
-  }
-
   public void Write(ConcreteSyntaxTree wr) {
     var manifestWr = wr.NewFile(ManifestFileEntry);
     using var manifestWriter = new StringWriter();
@@ -221,111 +255,4 @@ public void Write(string path) {
     }
   }
 
-  // Partitioning of all options into subsets that must be recorded in a .doo file
-  // to guard against unsafe usage.
-  // Note that legacy CLI options are not as cleanly enumerated and therefore
-  // more difficult to completely categorize, which is the main reason the LibraryBackend
-  // is restricted to only the new CLI.
-
-  public delegate bool OptionCheck(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, Option option, object localValue, string libraryFile, object libraryValue);
-  private static readonly Dictionary<Option, OptionCheck> OptionChecks = new();
-  private static readonly HashSet<Option> NoChecksNeeded = new();
-
-  public static bool CheckOptionMatches(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, Option option, object localValue, string libraryFile, object libraryValue) {
-    if (OptionValuesEqual(option, localValue, libraryValue)) {
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin,
-      $"cannot load {libraryFile}: --{option.Name} is set locally to {OptionValueToString(option, localValue)}, " +
-      $"but the library was built with {OptionValueToString(option, libraryValue)}");
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  /// Checks that the library option ==> the local option.
-  /// E.g. --no-verify: the only incompatibility is if it's on in the library but not locally.
-  /// Generally the right check for options that weaken guarantees.
-  public static bool CheckOptionLibraryImpliesLocal(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, Option option, object localValue, string libraryFile, object libraryValue) {
-    if (OptionValuesImplied(libraryValue, localValue)) {
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, $"cannot load {libraryFile}: --{option.Name} is set locally to {OptionValueToString(option, localValue)}, but the library was built with {OptionValueToString(option, libraryValue)}");
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  /// Checks that the local option ==> the library option.
-  /// E.g. --track-print-effects: the only incompatibility is if it's on locally but not in the library.
-  /// Generally the right check for options that strengthen guarantees.
-  public static bool CheckOptionLocalImpliesLibrary(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, Option option, object localValue, string libraryFile, object libraryValue) {
-    if (OptionValuesImplied(localValue, libraryValue)) {
-      return true;
-    }
-    reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, LocalImpliesLibraryMessage(option, localValue, libraryFile, libraryValue));
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  public static string LocalImpliesLibraryMessage(Option option, object localValue, string libraryFile, object libraryValue) {
-    return $"cannot load {libraryFile}: --{option.Name} is set locally to {OptionValueToString(option, localValue)}, but the library was built with {OptionValueToString(option, libraryValue)}";
-  }
-
-  private static bool OptionValuesEqual(Option option, object first, object second) {
-    if (first.Equals(second)) {
-      return true;
-    }
-
-    if (option.ValueType == typeof(IEnumerable<string>)) {
-      return ((IEnumerable<string>)first).SequenceEqual((IEnumerable<string>)second);
-    }
-
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  public static bool OptionValuesImplied(object first, object second) {
-    try {
-      return !(bool)first || (bool)second;
-    } catch (NullReferenceException) {
-      throw new Exception("Comparing options of Doo files created by different Dafny versions");
-    }
-  }
-
-  private static string OptionValueToString(Option option, object value) {
-    if (option.ValueType == typeof(IEnumerable<string>)) {
-      var values = (IEnumerable<string>)value;
-      return $"[{string.Join(',', values)}]";
-    }
-
-    if (value == null) {
-      return "a version of Dafny that does not have this option";
-    }
-    return value.ToString();
-  }
-
-  public static void RegisterLibraryChecks(IDictionary<Option, OptionCheck> checks) {
-    foreach (var (option, check) in checks) {
-      if (NoChecksNeeded.Contains(option)) {
-        throw new ArgumentException($"Option already registered as not needing a library check: {option.Name}");
-      }
-      OptionChecks.Add(option, check);
-    }
-  }
-
-  public static void RegisterNoChecksNeeded(params Option[] options) {
-    foreach (var option in options) {
-      if (OptionChecks.ContainsKey(option)) {
-        throw new ArgumentException($"Option already registered as needing a library check: {option.Name}");
-      }
-      NoChecksNeeded.Add(option);
-    }
-  }
-
-  public static void CheckOptions(IEnumerable<Option> allOptions) {
-    var unsupportedOptions = allOptions.ToHashSet()
-      .Where(o =>
-        !OptionChecks.ContainsKey(o) && !NoChecksNeeded.Contains(o))
-      .ToList();
-    if (unsupportedOptions.Any()) {
-      throw new Exception($"Internal error - unsupported options registered: {{\n{string.Join(",\n", unsupportedOptions)}\n}}");
-    }
-  }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Feature.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Feature.cs
index 82958d87c81..3a2f815c806 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Feature.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Feature.cs
@@ -208,3 +208,19 @@ public UnsupportedFeatureException(IToken token, Feature feature, string message
     Feature = feature;
   }
 }
+
+
+
+public class RecoverableUnsupportedFeatureException : UnsupportedFeatureException {
+
+  public static readonly string MessageSuffix = ". To continue despite this issue, you can compile with the option --" +
+                                       CommonOptionBag.EmitUncompilableCode.Name;
+  public RecoverableUnsupportedFeatureException(IToken token, Feature feature)
+    : base(token, feature, MessagePrefix + FeatureDescriptionAttribute.GetDescription(feature).Description + MessageSuffix) {
+  }
+}
+
+public class UnsupportedInvalidOperationException : InvalidOperationException {
+  public UnsupportedInvalidOperationException(string why) : base(typeof(UnsupportedInvalidOperationException).FullName! + ": " + why) {
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny.cs
deleted file mode 100644
index 6a42a24e660..00000000000
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny.cs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,21419 +0,0 @@
-// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
-// To recompile, you will need the libraries
-//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
-// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
-// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
-//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
-
-using System;
-using System.Numerics;
-using System.Collections;
-namespace Formatting {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static System.String ReindentProgramFromFirstToken(Microsoft.Dafny.IToken firstToken, Formatting.IIndentationFormatter reindent) {
-      System.String s = default(System.String);
-      Microsoft.Dafny.IToken token;
-      token = firstToken;
-      System.Text.StringBuilder sb;
-      System.Text.StringBuilder _nw0 = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
-      sb = _nw0;
-      while ((token) != (object)((Microsoft.Dafny.IToken)null)) {
-        System.String newLeadingTrivia;
-        newLeadingTrivia = (reindent).GetNewLeadingTrivia(token);
-        System.String newTrailingTrivia;
-        newTrailingTrivia = (reindent).GetNewTrailingTrivia(token);
-        (sb).Append(newLeadingTrivia);
-        (sb).Append(token.val);
-        (sb).Append(newTrailingTrivia);
-        token = token.Next;
-      }
-      System.String _out0;
-      _out0 = (sb).ToString().ToString();
-      s = _out0;
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface IIndentationFormatter {
-    System.String GetNewLeadingTrivia(Microsoft.Dafny.IToken token);
-    System.String GetNewTrailingTrivia(Microsoft.Dafny.IToken token);
-  }
-  public class _Companion_IIndentationFormatter {
-  }
-} // end of namespace Formatting
-
-
-namespace Std.Wrappers {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOutcomeResult<__E> Need<__E>(bool condition, __E error) {
-      if (condition) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.OutcomeResult<__E>.create_Pass_k();
-      } else {
-        return Std.Wrappers.OutcomeResult<__E>.create_Fail_k(error);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IOption<out T> {
-    bool is_None { get; }
-    bool is_Some { get; }
-    T dtor_value { get; }
-    _IOption<__T> DowncastClone<__T>(Func<T, __T> converter0);
-    bool IsFailure();
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<__U> PropagateFailure<__U>();
-    T Extract();
-    Std.Wrappers._IResult<T, __E> ToResult<__E>(__E error);
-    Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<__E> ToOutcome<__E>(__E error);
-  }
-  public abstract class Option<T> : _IOption<T> {
-    public Option() {
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> Default() {
-      return create_None();
-    }
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOption<T>> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOption<T>>(Std.Wrappers.Option<T>.Default());
-    }
-    public static _IOption<T> create_None() {
-      return new Option_None<T>();
-    }
-    public static _IOption<T> create_Some(T @value) {
-      return new Option_Some<T>(@value);
-    }
-    public bool is_None { get { return this is Option_None<T>; } }
-    public bool is_Some { get { return this is Option_Some<T>; } }
-    public T dtor_value {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Option_Some<T>)d)._value;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IOption<__T> DowncastClone<__T>(Func<T, __T> converter0);
-    public bool IsFailure() {
-      return (this).is_None;
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<__U> PropagateFailure<__U>() {
-      return Std.Wrappers.Option<__U>.create_None();
-    }
-    public T Extract() {
-      return (this).dtor_value;
-    }
-    public static T GetOr(Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> _this, T @default) {
-      Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> _source0 = _this;
-      if (_source0.is_None) {
-        return @default;
-      } else {
-        T __mcc_h0 = _source0.dtor_value;
-        T v = __mcc_h0;
-        return v;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IResult<T, __E> ToResult<__E>(__E error) {
-      Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> _source1 = this;
-      if (_source1.is_None) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Result<T, __E>.create_Failure(error);
-      } else {
-        T __mcc_h0 = _source1.dtor_value;
-        T v = __mcc_h0;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Result<T, __E>.create_Success(v);
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<__E> ToOutcome<__E>(__E error) {
-      Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> _source2 = this;
-      if (_source2.is_None) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<__E>.create_Fail(error);
-      } else {
-        T __mcc_h0 = _source2.dtor_value;
-        T v = __mcc_h0;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<__E>.create_Pass();
-      }
-    }
-    public static __FC Map<__FC>(Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> _this, Func<Std.Wrappers._IOption<T>, __FC> rewrap) {
-      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Std.Wrappers._IOption<T>, __FC>>(rewrap)(_this);
-    }
-  }
-  public class Option_None<T> : Option<T> {
-    public Option_None() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IOption<__T> DowncastClone<__T>(Func<T, __T> converter0) {
-      if (this is _IOption<__T> dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Option_None<__T>();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Option_None<T>;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "Wrappers.Option.None";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Option_Some<T> : Option<T> {
-    public readonly T _value;
-    public Option_Some(T @value) : base() {
-      this._value = @value;
-    }
-    public override _IOption<__T> DowncastClone<__T>(Func<T, __T> converter0) {
-      if (this is _IOption<__T> dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Option_Some<__T>(converter0(_value));
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Option_Some<T>;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "Wrappers.Option.Some";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IResult<out R, out E> {
-    bool is_Success { get; }
-    bool is_Failure { get; }
-    R dtor_value { get; }
-    E dtor_error { get; }
-    _IResult<__R, __E> DowncastClone<__R, __E>(Func<R, __R> converter0, Func<E, __E> converter1);
-    bool IsFailure();
-    Std.Wrappers._IResult<__U, E> PropagateFailure<__U>();
-    R Extract();
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<R> ToOption();
-    Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> ToOutcome();
-  }
-  public abstract class Result<R, E> : _IResult<R, E> {
-    public Result() {
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> Default(R _default_R) {
-      return create_Success(_default_R);
-    }
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E>> _TypeDescriptor(Dafny.TypeDescriptor<R> _td_R) {
-      return new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E>>(Std.Wrappers.Result<R, E>.Default(_td_R.Default()));
-    }
-    public static _IResult<R, E> create_Success(R @value) {
-      return new Result_Success<R, E>(@value);
-    }
-    public static _IResult<R, E> create_Failure(E error) {
-      return new Result_Failure<R, E>(error);
-    }
-    public bool is_Success { get { return this is Result_Success<R, E>; } }
-    public bool is_Failure { get { return this is Result_Failure<R, E>; } }
-    public R dtor_value {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Result_Success<R, E>)d)._value;
-      }
-    }
-    public E dtor_error {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Result_Failure<R, E>)d)._error;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IResult<__R, __E> DowncastClone<__R, __E>(Func<R, __R> converter0, Func<E, __E> converter1);
-    public bool IsFailure() {
-      return (this).is_Failure;
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IResult<__U, E> PropagateFailure<__U>() {
-      return Std.Wrappers.Result<__U, E>.create_Failure((this).dtor_error);
-    }
-    public R Extract() {
-      return (this).dtor_value;
-    }
-    public static R GetOr(Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _this, R @default) {
-      Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _source3 = _this;
-      if (_source3.is_Success) {
-        R _10___mcc_h0 = _source3.dtor_value;
-        R _11_s = _10___mcc_h0;
-        return _11_s;
-      } else {
-        E _12___mcc_h1 = _source3.dtor_error;
-        E _13_e = _12___mcc_h1;
-        return @default;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<R> ToOption() {
-      Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _source4 = this;
-      if (_source4.is_Success) {
-        R _14___mcc_h0 = _source4.dtor_value;
-        R _15_s = _14___mcc_h0;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Option<R>.create_Some(_15_s);
-      } else {
-        E _16___mcc_h1 = _source4.dtor_error;
-        E _17_e = _16___mcc_h1;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Option<R>.create_None();
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> ToOutcome() {
-      Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _source5 = this;
-      if (_source5.is_Success) {
-        R _18___mcc_h0 = _source5.dtor_value;
-        R _19_s = _18___mcc_h0;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<E>.create_Pass();
-      } else {
-        E _20___mcc_h1 = _source5.dtor_error;
-        E _21_e = _20___mcc_h1;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<E>.create_Fail(_21_e);
-      }
-    }
-    public static __FC Map<__FC>(Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _this, Func<Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E>, __FC> rewrap) {
-      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E>, __FC>>(rewrap)(_this);
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, __NewE> MapFailure<__NewE>(Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _this, Func<E, __NewE> reWrap) {
-      Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _source6 = _this;
-      if (_source6.is_Success) {
-        R _22___mcc_h0 = _source6.dtor_value;
-        R _23_s = _22___mcc_h0;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Result<R, __NewE>.create_Success(_23_s);
-      } else {
-        E _24___mcc_h1 = _source6.dtor_error;
-        E _25_e = _24___mcc_h1;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Result<R, __NewE>.create_Failure(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<E, __NewE>>(reWrap)(_25_e));
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  public class Result_Success<R, E> : Result<R, E> {
-    public readonly R _value;
-    public Result_Success(R @value) : base() {
-      this._value = @value;
-    }
-    public override _IResult<__R, __E> DowncastClone<__R, __E>(Func<R, __R> converter0, Func<E, __E> converter1) {
-      if (this is _IResult<__R, __E> dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Result_Success<__R, __E>(converter0(_value));
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Result_Success<R, E>;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "Wrappers.Result.Success";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Result_Failure<R, E> : Result<R, E> {
-    public readonly E _error;
-    public Result_Failure(E error) : base() {
-      this._error = error;
-    }
-    public override _IResult<__R, __E> DowncastClone<__R, __E>(Func<R, __R> converter0, Func<E, __E> converter1) {
-      if (this is _IResult<__R, __E> dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Result_Failure<__R, __E>(converter1(_error));
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Result_Failure<R, E>;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._error, oth._error);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._error));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "Wrappers.Result.Failure";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._error);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IOutcome<out E> {
-    bool is_Pass { get; }
-    bool is_Fail { get; }
-    E dtor_error { get; }
-    _IOutcome<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0);
-    bool IsFailure();
-    Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> PropagateFailure();
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<__R> ToOption<__R>(__R r);
-    Std.Wrappers._IResult<__R, E> ToResult<__R>(__R r);
-  }
-  public abstract class Outcome<E> : _IOutcome<E> {
-    public Outcome() {
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> Default() {
-      return create_Pass();
-    }
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E>> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E>>(Std.Wrappers.Outcome<E>.Default());
-    }
-    public static _IOutcome<E> create_Pass() {
-      return new Outcome_Pass<E>();
-    }
-    public static _IOutcome<E> create_Fail(E error) {
-      return new Outcome_Fail<E>(error);
-    }
-    public bool is_Pass { get { return this is Outcome_Pass<E>; } }
-    public bool is_Fail { get { return this is Outcome_Fail<E>; } }
-    public E dtor_error {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Outcome_Fail<E>)d)._error;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IOutcome<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0);
-    public bool IsFailure() {
-      return (this).is_Fail;
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> PropagateFailure() {
-      return this;
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<__R> ToOption<__R>(__R r) {
-      Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> _source7 = this;
-      if (_source7.is_Pass) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Option<__R>.create_Some(r);
-      } else {
-        E _26___mcc_h0 = _source7.dtor_error;
-        E _27_e = _26___mcc_h0;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Option<__R>.create_None();
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IResult<__R, E> ToResult<__R>(__R r) {
-      Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> _source8 = this;
-      if (_source8.is_Pass) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Result<__R, E>.create_Success(r);
-      } else {
-        E _28___mcc_h0 = _source8.dtor_error;
-        E _29_e = _28___mcc_h0;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Result<__R, E>.create_Failure(_29_e);
-      }
-    }
-    public static __FC Map<__FC>(Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> _this, Func<Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E>, __FC> rewrap) {
-      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E>, __FC>>(rewrap)(_this);
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IResult<__T, __NewE> MapFailure<__T, __NewE>(Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> _this, Func<E, __NewE> rewrap, __T @default) {
-      Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> _source9 = _this;
-      if (_source9.is_Pass) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Result<__T, __NewE>.create_Success(@default);
-      } else {
-        E _30___mcc_h0 = _source9.dtor_error;
-        E _31_e = _30___mcc_h0;
-        return Std.Wrappers.Result<__T, __NewE>.create_Failure(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<E, __NewE>>(rewrap)(_31_e));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> Need(bool condition, E error) {
-      if (condition) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<E>.create_Pass();
-      } else {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<E>.create_Fail(error);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  public class Outcome_Pass<E> : Outcome<E> {
-    public Outcome_Pass() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IOutcome<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0) {
-      if (this is _IOutcome<__E> dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Outcome_Pass<__E>();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Outcome_Pass<E>;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "Wrappers.Outcome.Pass";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Outcome_Fail<E> : Outcome<E> {
-    public readonly E _error;
-    public Outcome_Fail(E error) : base() {
-      this._error = error;
-    }
-    public override _IOutcome<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0) {
-      if (this is _IOutcome<__E> dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Outcome_Fail<__E>(converter0(_error));
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Outcome_Fail<E>;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._error, oth._error);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._error));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "Wrappers.Outcome.Fail";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._error);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IOutcomeResult<out E> {
-    bool is_Pass_k { get; }
-    bool is_Fail_k { get; }
-    E dtor_error { get; }
-    _IOutcomeResult<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0);
-    bool IsFailure();
-    Std.Wrappers._IResult<__U, E> PropagateFailure<__U>();
-  }
-  public abstract class OutcomeResult<E> : _IOutcomeResult<E> {
-    public OutcomeResult() {
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOutcomeResult<E> Default() {
-      return create_Pass_k();
-    }
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOutcomeResult<E>> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOutcomeResult<E>>(Std.Wrappers.OutcomeResult<E>.Default());
-    }
-    public static _IOutcomeResult<E> create_Pass_k() {
-      return new OutcomeResult_Pass_k<E>();
-    }
-    public static _IOutcomeResult<E> create_Fail_k(E error) {
-      return new OutcomeResult_Fail_k<E>(error);
-    }
-    public bool is_Pass_k { get { return this is OutcomeResult_Pass_k<E>; } }
-    public bool is_Fail_k { get { return this is OutcomeResult_Fail_k<E>; } }
-    public E dtor_error {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((OutcomeResult_Fail_k<E>)d)._error;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IOutcomeResult<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0);
-    public bool IsFailure() {
-      return (this).is_Fail_k;
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IResult<__U, E> PropagateFailure<__U>() {
-      return Std.Wrappers.Result<__U, E>.create_Failure((this).dtor_error);
-    }
-  }
-  public class OutcomeResult_Pass_k<E> : OutcomeResult<E> {
-    public OutcomeResult_Pass_k() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IOutcomeResult<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0) {
-      if (this is _IOutcomeResult<__E> dt) { return dt; }
-      return new OutcomeResult_Pass_k<__E>();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.OutcomeResult_Pass_k<E>;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "Wrappers.OutcomeResult.Pass'";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class OutcomeResult_Fail_k<E> : OutcomeResult<E> {
-    public readonly E _error;
-    public OutcomeResult_Fail_k(E error) : base() {
-      this._error = error;
-    }
-    public override _IOutcomeResult<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0) {
-      if (this is _IOutcomeResult<__E> dt) { return dt; }
-      return new OutcomeResult_Fail_k<__E>(converter0(_error));
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.OutcomeResult_Fail_k<E>;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._error, oth._error);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._error));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "Wrappers.OutcomeResult.Fail'";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._error);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Wrappers
-namespace Std.Math {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static BigInteger Min(BigInteger a, BigInteger b) {
-      if ((a) < (b)) {
-        return a;
-      } else {
-        return b;
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger Min3(BigInteger a, BigInteger b, BigInteger c) {
-      return Std.Math.__default.Min(a, Std.Math.__default.Min(b, c));
-    }
-    public static BigInteger Max(BigInteger a, BigInteger b) {
-      if ((a) < (b)) {
-        return b;
-      } else {
-        return a;
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger Max3(BigInteger a, BigInteger b, BigInteger c) {
-      return Std.Math.__default.Max(a, Std.Math.__default.Max(b, c));
-    }
-    public static BigInteger Abs(BigInteger a) {
-      if ((a).Sign == -1) {
-        return (BigInteger.Zero) - (a);
-      } else {
-        return a;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Math
-namespace Std.Collections.Seq {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static __T First<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-      return (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> DropFirst<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-      return (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-    }
-    public static __T Last<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-      return (xs).Select((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> DropLast<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-      return (xs).Take((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
-    }
-    public static __T[] ToArray<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-      __T[] a = new __T[0];
-      Func<BigInteger, __T> _init2 = Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Func<BigInteger, __T>>>((_83_xs) => ((System.Func<BigInteger, __T>)((_84_i) => {
-        return (_83_xs).Select(_84_i);
-      })))(xs);
-      __T[] _nw3 = new __T[Dafny.Helpers.ToIntChecked(new BigInteger((xs).Count), "array size exceeds memory limit")];
-      for (var _i0_2 = 0; _i0_2 < new BigInteger(_nw3.Length); _i0_2++) {
-        _nw3[(int)(_i0_2)] = _init2(_i0_2);
-      }
-      a = _nw3;
-      return a;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISet<__T> ToSet<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISet<__T>>>((_85_xs) => ((System.Func<Dafny.ISet<__T>>)(() => {
-        var _coll0 = new System.Collections.Generic.List<__T>();
-        foreach (__T _compr_0 in (_85_xs).CloneAsArray()) {
-          __T _86_x = (__T)_compr_0;
-          if ((_85_xs).Contains(_86_x)) {
-            _coll0.Add(_86_x);
-          }
-        }
-        return Dafny.Set<__T>.FromCollection(_coll0);
-      }))())(xs);
-    }
-    public static BigInteger IndexOf<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T v) {
-      BigInteger _87___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if (object.Equals((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero), v)) {
-        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_87___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _87___accumulator = (_87___accumulator) + (BigInteger.One);
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in0 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        __T _in1 = v;
-        xs = _in0;
-        v = _in1;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> IndexOfOption<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T v) {
-      return Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexByOption<__T>(xs, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, Func<__T, bool>>>((_88_v) => ((System.Func<__T, bool>)((_89_x) => {
-        return object.Equals(_89_x, _88_v);
-      })))(v));
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> IndexByOption<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, Func<__T, bool> p) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_None();
-      } else if (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, bool>>(p)((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_Some(BigInteger.Zero);
-      } else {
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> _90_o_k = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexByOption<__T>((xs).Drop(BigInteger.One), p);
-        if ((_90_o_k).is_Some) {
-          return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_Some(((_90_o_k).dtor_value) + (BigInteger.One));
-        } else {
-          return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_None();
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger LastIndexOf<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T v) {
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if (object.Equals((xs).Select((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)), v)) {
-        return (new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One);
-      } else {
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in2 = (xs).Take((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
-        __T _in3 = v;
-        xs = _in2;
-        v = _in3;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> LastIndexOfOption<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T v) {
-      return Std.Collections.Seq.__default.LastIndexByOption<__T>(xs, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, Func<__T, bool>>>((_91_v) => ((System.Func<__T, bool>)((_92_x) => {
-        return object.Equals(_92_x, _91_v);
-      })))(v));
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> LastIndexByOption<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, Func<__T, bool> p) {
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_None();
-      } else if (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, bool>>(p)((xs).Select((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_Some((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
-      } else {
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in4 = (xs).Take((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
-        Func<__T, bool> _in5 = p;
-        xs = _in4;
-        p = _in5;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Remove<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, BigInteger pos) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat((xs).Take(pos), (xs).Drop((pos) + (BigInteger.One)));
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> RemoveValue<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T v) {
-      if (!(xs).Contains(v)) {
-        return xs;
-      } else {
-        BigInteger _93_i = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexOf<__T>(xs, v);
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat((xs).Take(_93_i), (xs).Drop((_93_i) + (BigInteger.One)));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Insert<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T a, BigInteger pos) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat((xs).Take(pos), Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements(a)), (xs).Drop(pos));
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Reverse<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _94___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((xs).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements())) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_94___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
-      } else {
-        _94___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_94___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements((xs).Select((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One))));
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in6 = (xs).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, (new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
-        xs = _in6;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Repeat<__T>(__T v, BigInteger length) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _95___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((length).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_95___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
-      } else {
-        _95___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_95___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements(v));
-        __T _in7 = v;
-        BigInteger _in8 = (length) - (BigInteger.One);
-        v = _in7;
-        length = _in8;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__A>, Dafny.ISequence<__B>> Unzip<__A, __B>(Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>> xs) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__A>, Dafny.ISequence<__B>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<__A>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<__B>.FromElements());
-      } else {
-        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__A>, Dafny.ISequence<__B>> _let_tmp_rhs0 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Unzip<__A, __B>(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>(xs));
-        Dafny.ISequence<__A> _96_a = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<__B> _97_b = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
-        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__A>, Dafny.ISequence<__B>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<__A>.Concat(_96_a, Dafny.Sequence<__A>.FromElements((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>(xs)).dtor__0)), Dafny.Sequence<__B>.Concat(_97_b, Dafny.Sequence<__B>.FromElements((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>(xs)).dtor__1)));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>> Zip<__A, __B>(Dafny.ISequence<__A> xs, Dafny.ISequence<__B> ys) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>> _98___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>.FromElements(), _98___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _98___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>.FromElements(_System.Tuple2<__A, __B>.create(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<__A>(xs), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<__B>(ys))), _98___accumulator);
-        Dafny.ISequence<__A> _in9 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<__A>(xs);
-        Dafny.ISequence<__B> _in10 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<__B>(ys);
-        xs = _in9;
-        ys = _in10;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger Max(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) {
-        return (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
-      } else {
-        return Std.Math.__default.Max((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Max((xs).Drop(BigInteger.One)));
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger Min(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) {
-        return (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
-      } else {
-        return Std.Math.__default.Min((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Min((xs).Drop(BigInteger.One)));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Flatten<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> xs) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _99___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_99___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
-      } else {
-        _99___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_99___accumulator, (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> _in11 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        xs = _in11;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> FlattenReverse<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> xs) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _100___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements(), _100___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _100___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>(xs), _100___accumulator);
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> _in12 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>(xs);
-        xs = _in12;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Join<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> seqs, Dafny.ISequence<__T> separator) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _101___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((seqs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_101___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
-      } else if ((new BigInteger((seqs).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_101___accumulator, (seqs).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
-      } else {
-        _101___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_101___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat((seqs).Select(BigInteger.Zero), separator));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> _in13 = (seqs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in14 = separator;
-        seqs = _in13;
-        separator = _in14;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> Split<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> s, __T delim) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> _102___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> _103_i = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexOfOption<__T>(s, delim);
-      if ((_103_i).is_Some) {
-        _102___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.Concat(_102___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.FromElements((s).Take((_103_i).dtor_value)));
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in15 = (s).Drop(((_103_i).dtor_value) + (BigInteger.One));
-        __T _in16 = delim;
-        s = _in15;
-        delim = _in16;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      } else {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.Concat(_102___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.FromElements(s));
-      }
-    }
-    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>> SplitOnce<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> s, __T delim) {
-      Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> _104_i = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexOfOption<__T>(s, delim);
-      return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.create((s).Take((_104_i).dtor_value), (s).Drop(((_104_i).dtor_value) + (BigInteger.One)));
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>>> SplitOnceOption<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> s, __T delim) {
-      Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> _105_valueOrError0 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexOfOption<__T>(s, delim);
-      if ((_105_valueOrError0).IsFailure()) {
-        return (_105_valueOrError0).PropagateFailure<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>>>();
-      } else {
-        BigInteger _106_i = (_105_valueOrError0).Extract();
-        return Std.Wrappers.Option<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>>>.create_Some(_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.create((s).Take(_106_i), (s).Drop((_106_i) + (BigInteger.One))));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__R> Map<__T, __R>(Func<__T, __R> f, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<__R> _107___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__R>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__R>.Concat(_107___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__R>.FromElements());
-      } else {
-        _107___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__R>.Concat(_107___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__R>.FromElements(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, __R>>(f)((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero))));
-        Func<__T, __R> _in17 = f;
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in18 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        f = _in17;
-        xs = _in18;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IResult<Dafny.ISequence<__R>, __E> MapWithResult<__T, __R, __E>(Func<__T, Std.Wrappers._IResult<__R, __E>> f, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Result<Dafny.ISequence<__R>, __E>.create_Success(Dafny.Sequence<__R>.FromElements());
-      } else {
-        Std.Wrappers._IResult<__R, __E> _108_valueOrError0 = Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, Std.Wrappers._IResult<__R, __E>>>(f)((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
-        if ((_108_valueOrError0).IsFailure()) {
-          return (_108_valueOrError0).PropagateFailure<Dafny.ISequence<__R>>();
-        } else {
-          __R _109_head = (_108_valueOrError0).Extract();
-          Std.Wrappers._IResult<Dafny.ISequence<__R>, __E> _110_valueOrError1 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.MapWithResult<__T, __R, __E>(f, (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One));
-          if ((_110_valueOrError1).IsFailure()) {
-            return (_110_valueOrError1).PropagateFailure<Dafny.ISequence<__R>>();
-          } else {
-            Dafny.ISequence<__R> _111_tail = (_110_valueOrError1).Extract();
-            return Std.Wrappers.Result<Dafny.ISequence<__R>, __E>.create_Success(Dafny.Sequence<__R>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<__R>.FromElements(_109_head), _111_tail));
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Filter<__T>(Func<__T, bool> f, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _112___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_112___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
-      } else {
-        _112___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_112___accumulator, ((Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, bool>>(f)((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) : (Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements())));
-        Func<__T, bool> _in19 = f;
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in20 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        f = _in19;
-        xs = _in20;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static __A FoldLeft<__A, __T>(Func<__A, __T, __A> f, __A init, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return init;
-      } else {
-        Func<__A, __T, __A> _in21 = f;
-        __A _in22 = Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__A, __T, __A>>(f)(init, (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in23 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        f = _in21;
-        init = _in22;
-        xs = _in23;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static __A FoldRight<__A, __T>(Func<__T, __A, __A> f, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __A init) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return init;
-      } else {
-        return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, __A, __A>>(f)((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.FoldRight<__A, __T>(f, (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One), init));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> SetToSeq<__T>(Dafny.ISet<__T> s) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Empty;
-      xs = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
-      Dafny.ISet<__T> _113_left;
-      _113_left = s;
-      while (!(_113_left).Equals(Dafny.Set<__T>.FromElements())) {
-        __T _114_x;
-        foreach (__T _assign_such_that_0 in (_113_left).Elements) {
-          _114_x = (__T)_assign_such_that_0;
-          if ((_113_left).Contains(_114_x)) {
-            goto after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_0;
-          }
-        }
-        throw new System.Exception("assign-such-that search produced no value (line 7247)");
-      after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_0:;
-        _113_left = Dafny.Set<__T>.Difference(_113_left, Dafny.Set<__T>.FromElements(_114_x));
-        xs = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(xs, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements(_114_x));
-      }
-      return xs;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> SetToSortedSeq<__T>(Dafny.ISet<__T> s, Func<__T, __T, bool> R) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Empty;
-      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _out6;
-      _out6 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.SetToSeq<__T>(s);
-      xs = _out6;
-      xs = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.MergeSortBy<__T>(R, xs);
-      return xs;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> MergeSortBy<__T>(Func<__T, __T, bool> lessThanOrEq, Dafny.ISequence<__T> a) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((a).Count)) <= (BigInteger.One)) {
-        return a;
-      } else {
-        BigInteger _115_splitIndex = Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanDivision(new BigInteger((a).Count), new BigInteger(2));
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _116_left = (a).Take(_115_splitIndex);
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _117_right = (a).Drop(_115_splitIndex);
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _118_leftSorted = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.MergeSortBy<__T>(lessThanOrEq, _116_left);
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _119_rightSorted = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.MergeSortBy<__T>(lessThanOrEq, _117_right);
-        return Std.Collections.Seq.__default.MergeSortedWith<__T>(_118_leftSorted, _119_rightSorted, lessThanOrEq);
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> MergeSortedWith<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> left, Dafny.ISequence<__T> right, Func<__T, __T, bool> lessThanOrEq) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _120___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((left).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_120___accumulator, right);
-      } else if ((new BigInteger((right).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_120___accumulator, left);
-      } else if (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, __T, bool>>(lessThanOrEq)((left).Select(BigInteger.Zero), (right).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) {
-        _120___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_120___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements((left).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in24 = (left).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in25 = right;
-        Func<__T, __T, bool> _in26 = lessThanOrEq;
-        left = _in24;
-        right = _in25;
-        lessThanOrEq = _in26;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      } else {
-        _120___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_120___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements((right).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in27 = left;
-        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in28 = (right).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        Func<__T, __T, bool> _in29 = lessThanOrEq;
-        left = _in27;
-        right = _in28;
-        lessThanOrEq = _in29;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Collections.Seq
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.GeneralInternals {
-
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.GeneralInternals
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.MulInternalsNonlinear {
-
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.MulInternalsNonlinear
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.MulInternals {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static BigInteger MulPos(BigInteger x, BigInteger y) {
-      BigInteger _149___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((x).Sign == 0) {
-        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_149___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _149___accumulator = (_149___accumulator) + (y);
-        BigInteger _in32 = (x) - (BigInteger.One);
-        BigInteger _in33 = y;
-        x = _in32;
-        y = _in33;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger MulRecursive(BigInteger x, BigInteger y) {
-      if ((x).Sign != -1) {
-        return Std.Arithmetic.MulInternals.__default.MulPos(x, y);
-      } else {
-        return (new BigInteger(-1)) * (Std.Arithmetic.MulInternals.__default.MulPos((new BigInteger(-1)) * (x), y));
-      }
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.MulInternals
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.Mul {
-
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.Mul
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.ModInternalsNonlinear {
-
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.ModInternalsNonlinear
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivInternalsNonlinear {
-
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivInternalsNonlinear
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.ModInternals {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static BigInteger ModRecursive(BigInteger x, BigInteger d) {
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((x).Sign == -1) {
-        BigInteger _in34 = (d) + (x);
-        BigInteger _in35 = d;
-        x = _in34;
-        d = _in35;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      } else if ((x) < (d)) {
-        return x;
-      } else {
-        BigInteger _in36 = (x) - (d);
-        BigInteger _in37 = d;
-        x = _in36;
-        d = _in37;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.ModInternals
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivInternals {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static BigInteger DivPos(BigInteger x, BigInteger d) {
-      BigInteger _150___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((x).Sign == -1) {
-        _150___accumulator = (_150___accumulator) + (new BigInteger(-1));
-        BigInteger _in38 = (x) + (d);
-        BigInteger _in39 = d;
-        x = _in38;
-        d = _in39;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      } else if ((x) < (d)) {
-        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_150___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _150___accumulator = (_150___accumulator) + (BigInteger.One);
-        BigInteger _in40 = (x) - (d);
-        BigInteger _in41 = d;
-        x = _in40;
-        d = _in41;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger DivRecursive(BigInteger x, BigInteger d) {
-      if ((d).Sign == 1) {
-        return Std.Arithmetic.DivInternals.__default.DivPos(x, d);
-      } else {
-        return (new BigInteger(-1)) * (Std.Arithmetic.DivInternals.__default.DivPos(x, (new BigInteger(-1)) * (d)));
-      }
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivInternals
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivMod {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static bool MultiplesVanish(BigInteger a, BigInteger b, BigInteger m) {
-      return (Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(((m) * (a)) + (b), m)) == (Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(b, m));
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivMod
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.Power {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static BigInteger Pow(BigInteger b, BigInteger e) {
-      BigInteger _151___accumulator = BigInteger.One;
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((e).Sign == 0) {
-        return (BigInteger.One) * (_151___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _151___accumulator = (_151___accumulator) * (b);
-        BigInteger _in42 = b;
-        BigInteger _in43 = (e) - (BigInteger.One);
-        b = _in42;
-        e = _in43;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.Power
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.Logarithm {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static BigInteger Log(BigInteger @base, BigInteger pow) {
-      BigInteger _152___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((pow) < (@base)) {
-        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_152___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _152___accumulator = (_152___accumulator) + (BigInteger.One);
-        BigInteger _in44 = @base;
-        BigInteger _in45 = Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanDivision(pow, @base);
-        @base = _in44;
-        pow = _in45;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.Logarithm
-namespace Std.Arithmetic.Power2 {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static BigInteger Pow2(BigInteger e) {
-      return Std.Arithmetic.Power.__default.Pow(new BigInteger(2), e);
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.Power2
-namespace Std.Arithmetic {
-
-} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic
-namespace Std.Strings.HexConversion {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static BigInteger BASE() {
-      return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.@base;
-    }
-    public static bool IsDigitChar(Dafny.Rune c) {
-      return (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.charToDigit).Contains(c);
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfDigits(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> digits) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _153___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((digits).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements())) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(), _153___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _153___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.chars).Select((digits).Select(BigInteger.Zero))), _153___accumulator);
-        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in46 = (digits).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        digits = _in46;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfNat(BigInteger n) {
-      if ((n).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.chars).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
-      } else {
-        return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.OfDigits(Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.FromNat(n));
-      }
-    }
-    public static bool IsNumberStr(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.Rune minus) {
-      return !(!(str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) || (((((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (minus)) || ((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.charToDigit).Contains((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)))) && (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>((_154_str) => Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<Dafny.Rune>(((_154_str).Drop(BigInteger.One)).UniqueElements, true, (((_forall_var_1) => {
-        Dafny.Rune _155_c = (Dafny.Rune)_forall_var_1;
-        return !(((_154_str).Drop(BigInteger.One)).Contains(_155_c)) || (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.IsDigitChar(_155_c));
-      }))))(str)));
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfInt(BigInteger n, Dafny.Rune minus) {
-      if ((n).Sign != -1) {
-        return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.OfNat(n);
-      } else {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(minus), Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.OfNat((BigInteger.Zero) - (n)));
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger ToNat(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
-      if ((str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) {
-        return BigInteger.Zero;
-      } else {
-        Dafny.Rune _156_c = (str).Select((new BigInteger((str).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
-        return ((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.ToNat((str).Take((new BigInteger((str).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))) * (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.@base)) + (Dafny.Map<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>.Select(Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.charToDigit, _156_c));
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger ToInt(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.Rune minus) {
-      if (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.IsPrefixOf(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(minus), str)) {
-        return (BigInteger.Zero) - (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.ToNat((str).Drop(BigInteger.One)));
-      } else {
-        return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.ToNat(str);
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger ToNatRight(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return BigInteger.Zero;
-      } else {
-        return ((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.ToNatRight(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropFirst<BigInteger>(xs))) * (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE())) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.First<BigInteger>(xs));
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger ToNatLeft(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
-      BigInteger _157___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_157___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _157___accumulator = ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) * (Std.Arithmetic.Power.__default.Pow(Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE(), (new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))) + (_157___accumulator);
-        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in47 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs);
-        xs = _in47;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> FromNat(BigInteger n) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _158___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((n).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_158___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements());
-      } else {
-        _158___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_158___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(n, Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE())));
-        BigInteger _in48 = Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanDivision(n, Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE());
-        n = _in48;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqExtend(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, BigInteger n) {
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) >= (n)) {
-        return xs;
-      } else {
-        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in49 = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(xs, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(BigInteger.Zero));
-        BigInteger _in50 = n;
-        xs = _in49;
-        n = _in50;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqExtendMultiple(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, BigInteger n) {
-      BigInteger _159_newLen = ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) + (n)) - (Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(new BigInteger((xs).Count), n));
-      return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.SeqExtend(xs, _159_newLen);
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> FromNatWithLen(BigInteger n, BigInteger len) {
-      return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.SeqExtend(Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.FromNat(n), len);
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqZero(BigInteger len) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _160_xs = Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.FromNatWithLen(BigInteger.Zero, len);
-      return _160_xs;
-    }
-    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> SeqAdd(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> ys) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(), BigInteger.Zero);
-      } else {
-        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs1 = Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.SeqAdd(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(ys));
-        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _161_zs_k = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__0;
-        BigInteger _162_cin = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__1;
-        BigInteger _163_sum = ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) + (_162_cin);
-        _System._ITuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs2 = (((_163_sum) < (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE())) ? (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create(_163_sum, BigInteger.Zero)) : (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create((_163_sum) - (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE()), BigInteger.One)));
-        BigInteger _164_sum__out = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor__0;
-        BigInteger _165_cout = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor__1;
-        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_161_zs_k, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(_164_sum__out)), _165_cout);
-      }
-    }
-    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> SeqSub(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> ys) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(), BigInteger.Zero);
-      } else {
-        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs3 = Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.SeqSub(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(ys));
-        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _166_zs = _let_tmp_rhs3.dtor__0;
-        BigInteger _167_cin = _let_tmp_rhs3.dtor__1;
-        _System._ITuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs4 = (((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) >= ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys)) + (_167_cin))) ? (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create(((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) - (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) - (_167_cin), BigInteger.Zero)) : (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create((((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE()) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs))) - (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) - (_167_cin), BigInteger.One)));
-        BigInteger _168_diff__out = _let_tmp_rhs4.dtor__0;
-        BigInteger _169_cout = _let_tmp_rhs4.dtor__1;
-        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_166_zs, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(_168_diff__out)), _169_cout);
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> HEX__DIGITS {
-      get {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789ABCDEF");
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> chars {
-      get {
-        return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.HEX__DIGITS;
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger @base {
-      get {
-        return new BigInteger((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.chars).Count);
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.IMap<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger> charToDigit {
-      get {
-        return Dafny.Map<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('0'), BigInteger.Zero), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('1'), BigInteger.One), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('2'), new BigInteger(2)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('3'), new BigInteger(3)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('4'), new BigInteger(4)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('5'), new BigInteger(5)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('6'), new BigInteger(6)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('7'), new BigInteger(7)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('8'), new BigInteger(8)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('9'), new BigInteger(9)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('a'), new BigInteger(10)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('b'), new BigInteger(11)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('c'), new BigInteger(12)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('d'), new BigInteger(13)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('e'), new BigInteger(14)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('f'), new BigInteger(15)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('A'), new BigInteger(10)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('B'), new BigInteger(11)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('C'), new BigInteger(12)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('D'), new BigInteger(13)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('E'), new BigInteger(14)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('F'), new BigInteger(15)));
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public partial class CharSeq {
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static bool _Is(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> __source) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _170_chars = __source;
-      return (new BigInteger((_170_chars).Count)) > (BigInteger.One);
-    }
-  }
-
-  public partial class digit {
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger>(BigInteger.Zero);
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static bool _Is(BigInteger __source) {
-      BigInteger _171_i = __source;
-      if (_System.nat._Is(_171_i)) {
-        return ((_171_i).Sign != -1) && ((_171_i) < (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE()));
-      }
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Strings.HexConversion
-namespace Std.Strings.DecimalConversion {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static BigInteger BASE() {
-      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.@base;
-    }
-    public static bool IsDigitChar(Dafny.Rune c) {
-      return (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.charToDigit).Contains(c);
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfDigits(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> digits) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _172___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((digits).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements())) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(), _172___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _172___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.chars).Select((digits).Select(BigInteger.Zero))), _172___accumulator);
-        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in51 = (digits).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        digits = _in51;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfNat(BigInteger n) {
-      if ((n).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.chars).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
-      } else {
-        return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.OfDigits(Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.FromNat(n));
-      }
-    }
-    public static bool IsNumberStr(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.Rune minus) {
-      return !(!(str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) || (((((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (minus)) || ((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.charToDigit).Contains((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)))) && (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>((_173_str) => Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<Dafny.Rune>(((_173_str).Drop(BigInteger.One)).UniqueElements, true, (((_forall_var_2) => {
-        Dafny.Rune _174_c = (Dafny.Rune)_forall_var_2;
-        return !(((_173_str).Drop(BigInteger.One)).Contains(_174_c)) || (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.IsDigitChar(_174_c));
-      }))))(str)));
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfInt(BigInteger n, Dafny.Rune minus) {
-      if ((n).Sign != -1) {
-        return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.OfNat(n);
-      } else {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(minus), Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.OfNat((BigInteger.Zero) - (n)));
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger ToNat(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
-      if ((str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) {
-        return BigInteger.Zero;
-      } else {
-        Dafny.Rune _175_c = (str).Select((new BigInteger((str).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
-        return ((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToNat((str).Take((new BigInteger((str).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))) * (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.@base)) + (Dafny.Map<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>.Select(Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.charToDigit, _175_c));
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger ToInt(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.Rune minus) {
-      if (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.IsPrefixOf(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(minus), str)) {
-        return (BigInteger.Zero) - (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToNat((str).Drop(BigInteger.One)));
-      } else {
-        return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToNat(str);
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger ToNatRight(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return BigInteger.Zero;
-      } else {
-        return ((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToNatRight(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropFirst<BigInteger>(xs))) * (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE())) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.First<BigInteger>(xs));
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger ToNatLeft(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
-      BigInteger _176___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_176___accumulator);
-      } else {
-        _176___accumulator = ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) * (Std.Arithmetic.Power.__default.Pow(Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE(), (new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))) + (_176___accumulator);
-        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in52 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs);
-        xs = _in52;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> FromNat(BigInteger n) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _177___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((n).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_177___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements());
-      } else {
-        _177___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_177___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(n, Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE())));
-        BigInteger _in53 = Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanDivision(n, Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE());
-        n = _in53;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqExtend(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, BigInteger n) {
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) >= (n)) {
-        return xs;
-      } else {
-        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in54 = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(xs, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(BigInteger.Zero));
-        BigInteger _in55 = n;
-        xs = _in54;
-        n = _in55;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqExtendMultiple(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, BigInteger n) {
-      BigInteger _178_newLen = ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) + (n)) - (Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(new BigInteger((xs).Count), n));
-      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.SeqExtend(xs, _178_newLen);
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> FromNatWithLen(BigInteger n, BigInteger len) {
-      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.SeqExtend(Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.FromNat(n), len);
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqZero(BigInteger len) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _179_xs = Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.FromNatWithLen(BigInteger.Zero, len);
-      return _179_xs;
-    }
-    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> SeqAdd(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> ys) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(), BigInteger.Zero);
-      } else {
-        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs5 = Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.SeqAdd(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(ys));
-        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _180_zs_k = _let_tmp_rhs5.dtor__0;
-        BigInteger _181_cin = _let_tmp_rhs5.dtor__1;
-        BigInteger _182_sum = ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) + (_181_cin);
-        _System._ITuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs6 = (((_182_sum) < (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE())) ? (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create(_182_sum, BigInteger.Zero)) : (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create((_182_sum) - (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE()), BigInteger.One)));
-        BigInteger _183_sum__out = _let_tmp_rhs6.dtor__0;
-        BigInteger _184_cout = _let_tmp_rhs6.dtor__1;
-        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_180_zs_k, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(_183_sum__out)), _184_cout);
-      }
-    }
-    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> SeqSub(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> ys) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(), BigInteger.Zero);
-      } else {
-        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs7 = Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.SeqSub(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(ys));
-        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _185_zs = _let_tmp_rhs7.dtor__0;
-        BigInteger _186_cin = _let_tmp_rhs7.dtor__1;
-        _System._ITuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs8 = (((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) >= ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys)) + (_186_cin))) ? (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create(((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) - (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) - (_186_cin), BigInteger.Zero)) : (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create((((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE()) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs))) - (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) - (_186_cin), BigInteger.One)));
-        BigInteger _187_diff__out = _let_tmp_rhs8.dtor__0;
-        BigInteger _188_cout = _let_tmp_rhs8.dtor__1;
-        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_185_zs, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(_187_diff__out)), _188_cout);
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DIGITS {
-      get {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789");
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> chars {
-      get {
-        return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.DIGITS;
-      }
-    }
-    public static BigInteger @base {
-      get {
-        return new BigInteger((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.chars).Count);
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.IMap<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger> charToDigit {
-      get {
-        return Dafny.Map<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('0'), BigInteger.Zero), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('1'), BigInteger.One), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('2'), new BigInteger(2)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('3'), new BigInteger(3)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('4'), new BigInteger(4)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('5'), new BigInteger(5)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('6'), new BigInteger(6)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('7'), new BigInteger(7)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('8'), new BigInteger(8)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('9'), new BigInteger(9)));
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public partial class CharSeq {
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static bool _Is(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> __source) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _189_chars = __source;
-      return (new BigInteger((_189_chars).Count)) > (BigInteger.One);
-    }
-  }
-
-  public partial class digit {
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger>(BigInteger.Zero);
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static bool _Is(BigInteger __source) {
-      BigInteger _190_i = __source;
-      if (_System.nat._Is(_190_i)) {
-        return ((_190_i).Sign != -1) && ((_190_i) < (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE()));
-      }
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Strings.DecimalConversion
-namespace Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Escape(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.ISet<Dafny.Rune> mustEscape, Dafny.Rune escape) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _191___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_191___accumulator, str);
-      } else if ((mustEscape).Contains((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) {
-        _191___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_191___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(escape, (str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in56 = (str).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.Rune> _in57 = mustEscape;
-        Dafny.Rune _in58 = escape;
-        str = _in56;
-        mustEscape = _in57;
-        escape = _in58;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      } else {
-        _191___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_191___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in59 = (str).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.Rune> _in60 = mustEscape;
-        Dafny.Rune _in61 = escape;
-        str = _in59;
-        mustEscape = _in60;
-        escape = _in61;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> Unescape(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.Rune escape) {
-      if ((str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) {
-        return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(str);
-      } else if (((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (escape)) {
-        if ((new BigInteger((str).Count)) > (BigInteger.One)) {
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _192_valueOrError0 = Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping.__default.Unescape((str).Drop(new BigInteger(2)), escape);
-          if ((_192_valueOrError0).IsFailure()) {
-            return (_192_valueOrError0).PropagateFailure<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>();
-          } else {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _193_tl = (_192_valueOrError0).Extract();
-            return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((str).Select(BigInteger.One)), _193_tl));
-          }
-        } else {
-          return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None();
-        }
-      } else {
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _194_valueOrError1 = Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping.__default.Unescape((str).Drop(BigInteger.One), escape);
-        if ((_194_valueOrError1).IsFailure()) {
-          return (_194_valueOrError1).PropagateFailure<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>();
-        } else {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _195_tl = (_194_valueOrError1).Extract();
-          return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)), _195_tl));
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping
-namespace Std.Strings {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfNat(BigInteger n) {
-      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.OfNat(n);
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfInt(BigInteger n) {
-      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.OfInt(n, new Dafny.Rune('-'));
-    }
-    public static BigInteger ToNat(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
-      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToNat(str);
-    }
-    public static BigInteger ToInt(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
-      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToInt(str, new Dafny.Rune('-'));
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> EscapeQuotes(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
-      return Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping.__default.Escape(str, Dafny.Set<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(new Dafny.Rune('\"'), new Dafny.Rune('\'')), new Dafny.Rune('\\'));
-    }
-    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> UnescapeQuotes(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
-      return Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping.__default.Unescape(str, new Dafny.Rune('\\'));
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfBool(bool b) {
-      if (b) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("true");
-      } else {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("false");
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfChar(Dafny.Rune c) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(c);
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace Std.Strings
-
-namespace DAST {
-
-
-  public interface _IModule {
-    bool is_Module { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    bool dtor_isExtern { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem> dtor_body { get; }
-    _IModule DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Module : _IModule {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly bool _isExtern;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem> _body;
-    public Module(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, bool isExtern, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem> body) {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._isExtern = isExtern;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public _IModule DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModule dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Module(_name, _isExtern, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Module;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && this._isExtern == oth._isExtern && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isExtern));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Module.Module";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isExtern);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IModule theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, false, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IModuleItem>.Empty);
-    public static DAST._IModule Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModule> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModule>(DAST.Module.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModule> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IModule create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, bool isExtern, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem> body) {
-      return new Module(name, isExtern, body);
-    }
-    public static _IModule create_Module(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, bool isExtern, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem> body) {
-      return create(name, isExtern, body);
-    }
-    public bool is_Module { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_isExtern {
-      get {
-        return this._isExtern;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        return this._body;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IModuleItem {
-    bool is_Module { get; }
-    bool is_Class { get; }
-    bool is_Trait { get; }
-    bool is_Newtype { get; }
-    bool is_Datatype { get; }
-    DAST._IModule dtor_Module_a0 { get; }
-    DAST._IClass dtor_Class_a0 { get; }
-    DAST._ITrait dtor_Trait_a0 { get; }
-    DAST._INewtype dtor_Newtype_a0 { get; }
-    DAST._IDatatype dtor_Datatype_a0 { get; }
-    _IModuleItem DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class ModuleItem : _IModuleItem {
-    public ModuleItem() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IModuleItem theDefault = create_Module(DAST.Module.Default());
-    public static DAST._IModuleItem Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModuleItem> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModuleItem>(DAST.ModuleItem.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModuleItem> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IModuleItem create_Module(DAST._IModule _a0) {
-      return new ModuleItem_Module(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IModuleItem create_Class(DAST._IClass _a0) {
-      return new ModuleItem_Class(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IModuleItem create_Trait(DAST._ITrait _a0) {
-      return new ModuleItem_Trait(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IModuleItem create_Newtype(DAST._INewtype _a0) {
-      return new ModuleItem_Newtype(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IModuleItem create_Datatype(DAST._IDatatype _a0) {
-      return new ModuleItem_Datatype(_a0);
-    }
-    public bool is_Module { get { return this is ModuleItem_Module; } }
-    public bool is_Class { get { return this is ModuleItem_Class; } }
-    public bool is_Trait { get { return this is ModuleItem_Trait; } }
-    public bool is_Newtype { get { return this is ModuleItem_Newtype; } }
-    public bool is_Datatype { get { return this is ModuleItem_Datatype; } }
-    public DAST._IModule dtor_Module_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModuleItem_Module)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IClass dtor_Class_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModuleItem_Class)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._ITrait dtor_Trait_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModuleItem_Trait)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._INewtype dtor_Newtype_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModuleItem_Newtype)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IDatatype dtor_Datatype_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModuleItem_Datatype)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IModuleItem DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class ModuleItem_Module : ModuleItem {
-    public readonly DAST._IModule _a0;
-    public ModuleItem_Module(DAST._IModule _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModuleItem_Module(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_Module;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.Module";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ModuleItem_Class : ModuleItem {
-    public readonly DAST._IClass _a0;
-    public ModuleItem_Class(DAST._IClass _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModuleItem_Class(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_Class;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.Class";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ModuleItem_Trait : ModuleItem {
-    public readonly DAST._ITrait _a0;
-    public ModuleItem_Trait(DAST._ITrait _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModuleItem_Trait(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_Trait;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.Trait";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ModuleItem_Newtype : ModuleItem {
-    public readonly DAST._INewtype _a0;
-    public ModuleItem_Newtype(DAST._INewtype _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModuleItem_Newtype(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_Newtype;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.Newtype";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ModuleItem_Datatype : ModuleItem {
-    public readonly DAST._IDatatype _a0;
-    public ModuleItem_Datatype(DAST._IDatatype _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModuleItem_Datatype(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_Datatype;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.Datatype";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IType {
-    bool is_Path { get; }
-    bool is_Nullable { get; }
-    bool is_Tuple { get; }
-    bool is_Array { get; }
-    bool is_Seq { get; }
-    bool is_Set { get; }
-    bool is_Multiset { get; }
-    bool is_Map { get; }
-    bool is_Arrow { get; }
-    bool is_Primitive { get; }
-    bool is_Passthrough { get; }
-    bool is_TypeArg { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_Path_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs { get; }
-    DAST._IResolvedType dtor_resolved { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_Nullable_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_Tuple_a0 { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_element { get; }
-    BigInteger dtor_dims { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_key { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_value { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_args { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_result { get; }
-    DAST._IPrimitive dtor_Primitive_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Passthrough_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_TypeArg_a0 { get; }
-    _IType DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class Type : _IType {
-    public Type() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IType theDefault = create_Path(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, DAST.ResolvedType.Default());
-    public static DAST._IType Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IType>(DAST.Type.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IType> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Path(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, DAST._IResolvedType resolved) {
-      return new Type_Path(_a0, typeArgs, resolved);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Nullable(DAST._IType _a0) {
-      return new Type_Nullable(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Tuple(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _a0) {
-      return new Type_Tuple(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Array(DAST._IType element, BigInteger dims) {
-      return new Type_Array(element, dims);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Seq(DAST._IType element) {
-      return new Type_Seq(element);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Set(DAST._IType element) {
-      return new Type_Set(element);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Multiset(DAST._IType element) {
-      return new Type_Multiset(element);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Map(DAST._IType key, DAST._IType @value) {
-      return new Type_Map(key, @value);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Arrow(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> args, DAST._IType result) {
-      return new Type_Arrow(args, result);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Primitive(DAST._IPrimitive _a0) {
-      return new Type_Primitive(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Passthrough(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) {
-      return new Type_Passthrough(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IType create_TypeArg(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) {
-      return new Type_TypeArg(_a0);
-    }
-    public bool is_Path { get { return this is Type_Path; } }
-    public bool is_Nullable { get { return this is Type_Nullable; } }
-    public bool is_Tuple { get { return this is Type_Tuple; } }
-    public bool is_Array { get { return this is Type_Array; } }
-    public bool is_Seq { get { return this is Type_Seq; } }
-    public bool is_Set { get { return this is Type_Set; } }
-    public bool is_Multiset { get { return this is Type_Multiset; } }
-    public bool is_Map { get { return this is Type_Map; } }
-    public bool is_Arrow { get { return this is Type_Arrow; } }
-    public bool is_Primitive { get { return this is Type_Primitive; } }
-    public bool is_Passthrough { get { return this is Type_Passthrough; } }
-    public bool is_TypeArg { get { return this is Type_TypeArg; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_Path_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Path)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Path)d)._typeArgs;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IResolvedType dtor_resolved {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Path)d)._resolved;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_Nullable_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Nullable)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_Tuple_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Tuple)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_element {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Type_Array) { return ((Type_Array)d)._element; }
-        if (d is Type_Seq) { return ((Type_Seq)d)._element; }
-        if (d is Type_Set) { return ((Type_Set)d)._element; }
-        return ((Type_Multiset)d)._element;
-      }
-    }
-    public BigInteger dtor_dims {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Array)d)._dims;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_key {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Map)d)._key;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_value {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Map)d)._value;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_args {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Arrow)d)._args;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_result {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Arrow)d)._result;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IPrimitive dtor_Primitive_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Primitive)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Passthrough_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_Passthrough)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_TypeArg_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_TypeArg)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IType DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Type_Path : Type {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
-    public readonly DAST._IResolvedType _resolved;
-    public Type_Path(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, DAST._IResolvedType resolved) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
-      this._resolved = resolved;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Path(_a0, _typeArgs, _resolved);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Path;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs) && object.Equals(this._resolved, oth._resolved);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._resolved));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Path";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._resolved);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Nullable : Type {
-    public readonly DAST._IType _a0;
-    public Type_Nullable(DAST._IType _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Nullable(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Nullable;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Nullable";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Tuple : Type {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _a0;
-    public Type_Tuple(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Tuple(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Tuple;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Tuple";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Array : Type {
-    public readonly DAST._IType _element;
-    public readonly BigInteger _dims;
-    public Type_Array(DAST._IType element, BigInteger dims) : base() {
-      this._element = element;
-      this._dims = dims;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Array(_element, _dims);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Array;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._element, oth._element) && this._dims == oth._dims;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._element));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dims));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Array";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._element);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._dims);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Seq : Type {
-    public readonly DAST._IType _element;
-    public Type_Seq(DAST._IType element) : base() {
-      this._element = element;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Seq(_element);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Seq;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._element, oth._element);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._element));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Seq";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._element);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Set : Type {
-    public readonly DAST._IType _element;
-    public Type_Set(DAST._IType element) : base() {
-      this._element = element;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Set(_element);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Set;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._element, oth._element);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._element));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Set";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._element);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Multiset : Type {
-    public readonly DAST._IType _element;
-    public Type_Multiset(DAST._IType element) : base() {
-      this._element = element;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Multiset(_element);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Multiset;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._element, oth._element);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._element));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Multiset";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._element);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Map : Type {
-    public readonly DAST._IType _key;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _value;
-    public Type_Map(DAST._IType key, DAST._IType @value) : base() {
-      this._key = key;
-      this._value = @value;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Map(_key, _value);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Map;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._key, oth._key) && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._key));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Map";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._key);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Arrow : Type {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _args;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _result;
-    public Type_Arrow(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> args, DAST._IType result) : base() {
-      this._args = args;
-      this._result = result;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Arrow(_args, _result);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Arrow;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args) && object.Equals(this._result, oth._result);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._result));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Arrow";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._result);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Primitive : Type {
-    public readonly DAST._IPrimitive _a0;
-    public Type_Primitive(DAST._IPrimitive _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Primitive(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Primitive;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Primitive";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Passthrough : Type {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
-    public Type_Passthrough(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Passthrough(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Passthrough;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.Passthrough";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_TypeArg : Type {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
-    public Type_TypeArg(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_TypeArg(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Type_TypeArg;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Type.TypeArg";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IPrimitive {
-    bool is_Int { get; }
-    bool is_Real { get; }
-    bool is_String { get; }
-    bool is_Bool { get; }
-    bool is_Char { get; }
-    _IPrimitive DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class Primitive : _IPrimitive {
-    public Primitive() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IPrimitive theDefault = create_Int();
-    public static DAST._IPrimitive Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IPrimitive> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IPrimitive>(DAST.Primitive.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IPrimitive> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IPrimitive create_Int() {
-      return new Primitive_Int();
-    }
-    public static _IPrimitive create_Real() {
-      return new Primitive_Real();
-    }
-    public static _IPrimitive create_String() {
-      return new Primitive_String();
-    }
-    public static _IPrimitive create_Bool() {
-      return new Primitive_Bool();
-    }
-    public static _IPrimitive create_Char() {
-      return new Primitive_Char();
-    }
-    public bool is_Int { get { return this is Primitive_Int; } }
-    public bool is_Real { get { return this is Primitive_Real; } }
-    public bool is_String { get { return this is Primitive_String; } }
-    public bool is_Bool { get { return this is Primitive_Bool; } }
-    public bool is_Char { get { return this is Primitive_Char; } }
-    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IPrimitive> AllSingletonConstructors {
-      get {
-        yield return Primitive.create_Int();
-        yield return Primitive.create_Real();
-        yield return Primitive.create_String();
-        yield return Primitive.create_Bool();
-        yield return Primitive.create_Char();
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IPrimitive DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Primitive_Int : Primitive {
-    public Primitive_Int() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IPrimitive DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IPrimitive dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Primitive_Int();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Primitive_Int;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Primitive.Int";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Primitive_Real : Primitive {
-    public Primitive_Real() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IPrimitive DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IPrimitive dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Primitive_Real();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Primitive_Real;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Primitive.Real";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Primitive_String : Primitive {
-    public Primitive_String() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IPrimitive DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IPrimitive dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Primitive_String();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Primitive_String;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Primitive.String";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Primitive_Bool : Primitive {
-    public Primitive_Bool() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IPrimitive DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IPrimitive dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Primitive_Bool();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Primitive_Bool;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Primitive.Bool";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Primitive_Char : Primitive {
-    public Primitive_Char() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IPrimitive DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IPrimitive dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Primitive_Char();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Primitive_Char;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Primitive.Char";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IResolvedType {
-    bool is_Datatype { get; }
-    bool is_Trait { get; }
-    bool is_Newtype { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_path { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_Newtype_a0 { get; }
-    _IResolvedType DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class ResolvedType : _IResolvedType {
-    public ResolvedType() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IResolvedType theDefault = create_Datatype(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty);
-    public static DAST._IResolvedType Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IResolvedType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IResolvedType>(DAST.ResolvedType.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IResolvedType> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IResolvedType create_Datatype(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path) {
-      return new ResolvedType_Datatype(path);
-    }
-    public static _IResolvedType create_Trait(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path) {
-      return new ResolvedType_Trait(path);
-    }
-    public static _IResolvedType create_Newtype(DAST._IType _a0) {
-      return new ResolvedType_Newtype(_a0);
-    }
-    public bool is_Datatype { get { return this is ResolvedType_Datatype; } }
-    public bool is_Trait { get { return this is ResolvedType_Trait; } }
-    public bool is_Newtype { get { return this is ResolvedType_Newtype; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_path {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is ResolvedType_Datatype) { return ((ResolvedType_Datatype)d)._path; }
-        return ((ResolvedType_Trait)d)._path;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_Newtype_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ResolvedType_Newtype)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IResolvedType DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class ResolvedType_Datatype : ResolvedType {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _path;
-    public ResolvedType_Datatype(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path) : base() {
-      this._path = path;
-    }
-    public override _IResolvedType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IResolvedType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ResolvedType_Datatype(_path);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.ResolvedType_Datatype;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._path, oth._path);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._path));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.ResolvedType.Datatype";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._path);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ResolvedType_Trait : ResolvedType {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _path;
-    public ResolvedType_Trait(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path) : base() {
-      this._path = path;
-    }
-    public override _IResolvedType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IResolvedType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ResolvedType_Trait(_path);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.ResolvedType_Trait;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._path, oth._path);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._path));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.ResolvedType.Trait";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._path);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ResolvedType_Newtype : ResolvedType {
-    public readonly DAST._IType _a0;
-    public ResolvedType_Newtype(DAST._IType _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IResolvedType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IResolvedType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ResolvedType_Newtype(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.ResolvedType_Newtype;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.ResolvedType.Newtype";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IIdent {
-    bool is_Ident { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_id { get; }
-  }
-  public class Ident : _IIdent {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _id;
-    public Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> id) {
-      this._id = id;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DowncastClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this) {
-      return _this;
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Ident;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._id, oth._id);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._id));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Ident.Ident";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._id.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> theDefault = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IIdent create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> id) {
-      return new Ident(id);
-    }
-    public static _IIdent create_Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> id) {
-      return create(id);
-    }
-    public bool is_Ident { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_id {
-      get {
-        return this._id;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IClass {
-    bool is_Class { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_enclosingModule { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeParams { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_superClasses { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> dtor_fields { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body { get; }
-    _IClass DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Class : _IClass {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _enclosingModule;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeParams;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _superClasses;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> _fields;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> _body;
-    public Class(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> superClasses, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> fields, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body) {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._enclosingModule = enclosingModule;
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._superClasses = superClasses;
-      this._fields = fields;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public _IClass DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IClass dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Class(_name, _enclosingModule, _typeParams, _superClasses, _fields, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Class;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._enclosingModule, oth._enclosingModule) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._superClasses, oth._superClasses) && object.Equals(this._fields, oth._fields) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._enclosingModule));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._superClasses));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fields));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Class.Class";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._enclosingModule);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._superClasses);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fields);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IClass theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IField>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IMethod>.Empty);
-    public static DAST._IClass Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IClass> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IClass>(DAST.Class.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IClass> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IClass create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> superClasses, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> fields, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body) {
-      return new Class(name, enclosingModule, typeParams, superClasses, fields, body);
-    }
-    public static _IClass create_Class(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> superClasses, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> fields, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body) {
-      return create(name, enclosingModule, typeParams, superClasses, fields, body);
-    }
-    public bool is_Class { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_enclosingModule {
-      get {
-        return this._enclosingModule;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeParams {
-      get {
-        return this._typeParams;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_superClasses {
-      get {
-        return this._superClasses;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> dtor_fields {
-      get {
-        return this._fields;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        return this._body;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _ITrait {
-    bool is_Trait { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeParams { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body { get; }
-    _ITrait DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Trait : _ITrait {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeParams;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> _body;
-    public Trait(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body) {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public _ITrait DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ITrait dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Trait(_name, _typeParams, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Trait;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Trait.Trait";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._ITrait theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IMethod>.Empty);
-    public static DAST._ITrait Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITrait> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITrait>(DAST.Trait.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITrait> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _ITrait create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body) {
-      return new Trait(name, typeParams, body);
-    }
-    public static _ITrait create_Trait(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body) {
-      return create(name, typeParams, body);
-    }
-    public bool is_Trait { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeParams {
-      get {
-        return this._typeParams;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        return this._body;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IDatatype {
-    bool is_Datatype { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_enclosingModule { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeParams { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> dtor_ctors { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body { get; }
-    bool dtor_isCo { get; }
-    _IDatatype DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Datatype : _IDatatype {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _enclosingModule;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeParams;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> _ctors;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> _body;
-    public readonly bool _isCo;
-    public Datatype(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> ctors, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, bool isCo) {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._enclosingModule = enclosingModule;
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._ctors = ctors;
-      this._body = body;
-      this._isCo = isCo;
-    }
-    public _IDatatype DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IDatatype dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Datatype(_name, _enclosingModule, _typeParams, _ctors, _body, _isCo);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Datatype;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._enclosingModule, oth._enclosingModule) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._ctors, oth._ctors) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body) && this._isCo == oth._isCo;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._enclosingModule));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._ctors));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isCo));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Datatype.Datatype";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._enclosingModule);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._ctors);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isCo);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IDatatype theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IMethod>.Empty, false);
-    public static DAST._IDatatype Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatype> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatype>(DAST.Datatype.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatype> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IDatatype create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> ctors, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, bool isCo) {
-      return new Datatype(name, enclosingModule, typeParams, ctors, body, isCo);
-    }
-    public static _IDatatype create_Datatype(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> ctors, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, bool isCo) {
-      return create(name, enclosingModule, typeParams, ctors, body, isCo);
-    }
-    public bool is_Datatype { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_enclosingModule {
-      get {
-        return this._enclosingModule;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeParams {
-      get {
-        return this._typeParams;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> dtor_ctors {
-      get {
-        return this._ctors;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        return this._body;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_isCo {
-      get {
-        return this._isCo;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IDatatypeCtor {
-    bool is_DatatypeCtor { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_args { get; }
-    bool dtor_hasAnyArgs { get; }
-    _IDatatypeCtor DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class DatatypeCtor : _IDatatypeCtor {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _args;
-    public readonly bool _hasAnyArgs;
-    public DatatypeCtor(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> args, bool hasAnyArgs) {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._args = args;
-      this._hasAnyArgs = hasAnyArgs;
-    }
-    public _IDatatypeCtor DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IDatatypeCtor dt) { return dt; }
-      return new DatatypeCtor(_name, _args, _hasAnyArgs);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.DatatypeCtor;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args) && this._hasAnyArgs == oth._hasAnyArgs;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._hasAnyArgs));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.DatatypeCtor.DatatypeCtor";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._hasAnyArgs);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IDatatypeCtor theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.Empty, false);
-    public static DAST._IDatatypeCtor Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeCtor>(DAST.DatatypeCtor.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IDatatypeCtor create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> args, bool hasAnyArgs) {
-      return new DatatypeCtor(name, args, hasAnyArgs);
-    }
-    public static _IDatatypeCtor create_DatatypeCtor(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> args, bool hasAnyArgs) {
-      return create(name, args, hasAnyArgs);
-    }
-    public bool is_DatatypeCtor { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_args {
-      get {
-        return this._args;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_hasAnyArgs {
-      get {
-        return this._hasAnyArgs;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _INewtype {
-    bool is_Newtype { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeParams { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_base { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_witnessStmts { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_witnessExpr { get; }
-    _INewtype DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Newtype : _INewtype {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeParams;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _base;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _witnessStmts;
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _witnessExpr;
-    public Newtype(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, DAST._IType @base, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> witnessStmts, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> witnessExpr) {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._base = @base;
-      this._witnessStmts = witnessStmts;
-      this._witnessExpr = witnessExpr;
-    }
-    public _INewtype DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _INewtype dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Newtype(_name, _typeParams, _base, _witnessStmts, _witnessExpr);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Newtype;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._base, oth._base) && object.Equals(this._witnessStmts, oth._witnessStmts) && object.Equals(this._witnessExpr, oth._witnessExpr);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._base));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._witnessStmts));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._witnessExpr));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Newtype.Newtype";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._base);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._witnessStmts);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._witnessExpr);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._INewtype theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, DAST.Type.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IStatement>.Empty, Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IExpression>.Default());
-    public static DAST._INewtype Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtype> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtype>(DAST.Newtype.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtype> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _INewtype create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, DAST._IType @base, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> witnessStmts, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> witnessExpr) {
-      return new Newtype(name, typeParams, @base, witnessStmts, witnessExpr);
-    }
-    public static _INewtype create_Newtype(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, DAST._IType @base, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> witnessStmts, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> witnessExpr) {
-      return create(name, typeParams, @base, witnessStmts, witnessExpr);
-    }
-    public bool is_Newtype { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeParams {
-      get {
-        return this._typeParams;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_base {
-      get {
-        return this._base;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_witnessStmts {
-      get {
-        return this._witnessStmts;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_witnessExpr {
-      get {
-        return this._witnessExpr;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IClassItem {
-    bool is_Method { get; }
-    DAST._IMethod dtor_Method_a0 { get; }
-  }
-  public class ClassItem : _IClassItem {
-    public readonly DAST._IMethod _a0;
-    public ClassItem(DAST._IMethod _a0) {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public static DAST._IMethod DowncastClone(DAST._IMethod _this) {
-      return _this;
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.ClassItem;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.ClassItem.Method";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IMethod theDefault = DAST.Method.Default();
-    public static DAST._IMethod Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod>(DAST.Method.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IClassItem create(DAST._IMethod _a0) {
-      return new ClassItem(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IClassItem create_Method(DAST._IMethod _a0) {
-      return create(_a0);
-    }
-    public bool is_Method { get { return true; } }
-    public DAST._IMethod dtor_Method_a0 {
-      get {
-        return this._a0;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IField {
-    bool is_Field { get; }
-    DAST._IFormal dtor_formal { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_defaultValue { get; }
-    _IField DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Field : _IField {
-    public readonly DAST._IFormal _formal;
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _defaultValue;
-    public Field(DAST._IFormal formal, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> defaultValue) {
-      this._formal = formal;
-      this._defaultValue = defaultValue;
-    }
-    public _IField DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IField dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Field(_formal, _defaultValue);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Field;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._formal, oth._formal) && object.Equals(this._defaultValue, oth._defaultValue);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._formal));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._defaultValue));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Field.Field";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._formal);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._defaultValue);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IField theDefault = create(DAST.Formal.Default(), Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IExpression>.Default());
-    public static DAST._IField Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IField> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IField>(DAST.Field.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IField> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IField create(DAST._IFormal formal, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> defaultValue) {
-      return new Field(formal, defaultValue);
-    }
-    public static _IField create_Field(DAST._IFormal formal, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> defaultValue) {
-      return create(formal, defaultValue);
-    }
-    public bool is_Field { get { return true; } }
-    public DAST._IFormal dtor_formal {
-      get {
-        return this._formal;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_defaultValue {
-      get {
-        return this._defaultValue;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IFormal {
-    bool is_Formal { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_typ { get; }
-    _IFormal DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Formal : _IFormal {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
-    public Formal(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ) {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typ = typ;
-    }
-    public _IFormal DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IFormal dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Formal(_name, _typ);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Formal;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Formal.Formal";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IFormal theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, DAST.Type.Default());
-    public static DAST._IFormal Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IFormal> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IFormal>(DAST.Formal.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IFormal> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IFormal create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ) {
-      return new Formal(name, typ);
-    }
-    public static _IFormal create_Formal(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ) {
-      return create(name, typ);
-    }
-    public bool is_Formal { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_typ {
-      get {
-        return this._typ;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IMethod {
-    bool is_Method { get; }
-    bool dtor_isStatic { get; }
-    bool dtor_hasBody { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_overridingPath { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeParams { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_params { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_outTypes { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_outVars { get; }
-    _IMethod DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Method : _IMethod {
-    public readonly bool _isStatic;
-    public readonly bool _hasBody;
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _overridingPath;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeParams;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _params;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _outTypes;
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _outVars;
-    public Method(bool isStatic, bool hasBody, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> overridingPath, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> outTypes, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> outVars) {
-      this._isStatic = isStatic;
-      this._hasBody = hasBody;
-      this._overridingPath = overridingPath;
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._params = @params;
-      this._body = body;
-      this._outTypes = outTypes;
-      this._outVars = outVars;
-    }
-    public _IMethod DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IMethod dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Method(_isStatic, _hasBody, _overridingPath, _name, _typeParams, _params, _body, _outTypes, _outVars);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Method;
-      return oth != null && this._isStatic == oth._isStatic && this._hasBody == oth._hasBody && object.Equals(this._overridingPath, oth._overridingPath) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._params, oth._params) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body) && object.Equals(this._outTypes, oth._outTypes) && object.Equals(this._outVars, oth._outVars);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isStatic));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._hasBody));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._overridingPath));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._params));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._outTypes));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._outVars));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Method.Method";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isStatic);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._hasBody);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._overridingPath);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._params);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._outTypes);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._outVars);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IMethod theDefault = create(false, false, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IStatement>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>.Default());
-    public static DAST._IMethod Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod>(DAST.Method.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IMethod create(bool isStatic, bool hasBody, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> overridingPath, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> outTypes, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> outVars) {
-      return new Method(isStatic, hasBody, overridingPath, name, typeParams, @params, body, outTypes, outVars);
-    }
-    public static _IMethod create_Method(bool isStatic, bool hasBody, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> overridingPath, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> outTypes, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> outVars) {
-      return create(isStatic, hasBody, overridingPath, name, typeParams, @params, body, outTypes, outVars);
-    }
-    public bool is_Method { get { return true; } }
-    public bool dtor_isStatic {
-      get {
-        return this._isStatic;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_hasBody {
-      get {
-        return this._hasBody;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_overridingPath {
-      get {
-        return this._overridingPath;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeParams {
-      get {
-        return this._typeParams;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_params {
-      get {
-        return this._params;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        return this._body;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_outTypes {
-      get {
-        return this._outTypes;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_outVars {
-      get {
-        return this._outVars;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IStatement {
-    bool is_DeclareVar { get; }
-    bool is_Assign { get; }
-    bool is_If { get; }
-    bool is_Labeled { get; }
-    bool is_While { get; }
-    bool is_Foreach { get; }
-    bool is_Call { get; }
-    bool is_Return { get; }
-    bool is_EarlyReturn { get; }
-    bool is_Break { get; }
-    bool is_TailRecursive { get; }
-    bool is_JumpTailCallStart { get; }
-    bool is_Halt { get; }
-    bool is_Print { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_typ { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_maybeValue { get; }
-    DAST._IAssignLhs dtor_lhs { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_value { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_cond { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_thn { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_els { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_lbl { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_boundName { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_boundType { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_over { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_on { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_args { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_outs { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_expr { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_toLabel { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_Print_a0 { get; }
-    _IStatement DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class Statement : _IStatement {
-    public Statement() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IStatement theDefault = create_DeclareVar(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, DAST.Type.Default(), Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IExpression>.Default());
-    public static DAST._IStatement Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IStatement> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IStatement>(DAST.Statement.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IStatement> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_DeclareVar(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> maybeValue) {
-      return new Statement_DeclareVar(name, typ, maybeValue);
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_Assign(DAST._IAssignLhs lhs, DAST._IExpression @value) {
-      return new Statement_Assign(lhs, @value);
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_If(DAST._IExpression cond, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> thn, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> els) {
-      return new Statement_If(cond, thn, els);
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_Labeled(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> lbl, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) {
-      return new Statement_Labeled(lbl, body);
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_While(DAST._IExpression cond, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) {
-      return new Statement_While(cond, body);
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_Foreach(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> boundName, DAST._IType boundType, DAST._IExpression over, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) {
-      return new Statement_Foreach(boundName, boundType, over, body);
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_Call(DAST._IExpression @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> outs) {
-      return new Statement_Call(@on, name, typeArgs, args, outs);
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_Return(DAST._IExpression expr) {
-      return new Statement_Return(expr);
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_EarlyReturn() {
-      return new Statement_EarlyReturn();
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_Break(Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> toLabel) {
-      return new Statement_Break(toLabel);
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_TailRecursive(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) {
-      return new Statement_TailRecursive(body);
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_JumpTailCallStart() {
-      return new Statement_JumpTailCallStart();
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_Halt() {
-      return new Statement_Halt();
-    }
-    public static _IStatement create_Print(DAST._IExpression _a0) {
-      return new Statement_Print(_a0);
-    }
-    public bool is_DeclareVar { get { return this is Statement_DeclareVar; } }
-    public bool is_Assign { get { return this is Statement_Assign; } }
-    public bool is_If { get { return this is Statement_If; } }
-    public bool is_Labeled { get { return this is Statement_Labeled; } }
-    public bool is_While { get { return this is Statement_While; } }
-    public bool is_Foreach { get { return this is Statement_Foreach; } }
-    public bool is_Call { get { return this is Statement_Call; } }
-    public bool is_Return { get { return this is Statement_Return; } }
-    public bool is_EarlyReturn { get { return this is Statement_EarlyReturn; } }
-    public bool is_Break { get { return this is Statement_Break; } }
-    public bool is_TailRecursive { get { return this is Statement_TailRecursive; } }
-    public bool is_JumpTailCallStart { get { return this is Statement_JumpTailCallStart; } }
-    public bool is_Halt { get { return this is Statement_Halt; } }
-    public bool is_Print { get { return this is Statement_Print; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Statement_DeclareVar) { return ((Statement_DeclareVar)d)._name; }
-        return ((Statement_Call)d)._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_typ {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_DeclareVar)d)._typ;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_maybeValue {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_DeclareVar)d)._maybeValue;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IAssignLhs dtor_lhs {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Assign)d)._lhs;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_value {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Assign)d)._value;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_cond {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Statement_If) { return ((Statement_If)d)._cond; }
-        return ((Statement_While)d)._cond;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_thn {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_If)d)._thn;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_els {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_If)d)._els;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_lbl {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Labeled)d)._lbl;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Statement_Labeled) { return ((Statement_Labeled)d)._body; }
-        if (d is Statement_While) { return ((Statement_While)d)._body; }
-        if (d is Statement_Foreach) { return ((Statement_Foreach)d)._body; }
-        return ((Statement_TailRecursive)d)._body;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_boundName {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Foreach)d)._boundName;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_boundType {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Foreach)d)._boundType;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_over {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Foreach)d)._over;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_on {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Call)d)._on;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Call)d)._typeArgs;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_args {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Call)d)._args;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_outs {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Call)d)._outs;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_expr {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Return)d)._expr;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_toLabel {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Break)d)._toLabel;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_Print_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Statement_Print)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IStatement DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Statement_DeclareVar : Statement {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _maybeValue;
-    public Statement_DeclareVar(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> maybeValue) : base() {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typ = typ;
-      this._maybeValue = maybeValue;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_DeclareVar(_name, _typ, _maybeValue);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_DeclareVar;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ) && object.Equals(this._maybeValue, oth._maybeValue);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._maybeValue));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.DeclareVar";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._maybeValue);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_Assign : Statement {
-    public readonly DAST._IAssignLhs _lhs;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _value;
-    public Statement_Assign(DAST._IAssignLhs lhs, DAST._IExpression @value) : base() {
-      this._lhs = lhs;
-      this._value = @value;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_Assign(_lhs, _value);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Assign;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._lhs, oth._lhs) && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._lhs));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.Assign";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._lhs);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_If : Statement {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _cond;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _thn;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _els;
-    public Statement_If(DAST._IExpression cond, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> thn, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> els) : base() {
-      this._cond = cond;
-      this._thn = thn;
-      this._els = els;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_If(_cond, _thn, _els);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_If;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._cond, oth._cond) && object.Equals(this._thn, oth._thn) && object.Equals(this._els, oth._els);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._cond));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._thn));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._els));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.If";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._cond);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._thn);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._els);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_Labeled : Statement {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _lbl;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
-    public Statement_Labeled(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> lbl, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) : base() {
-      this._lbl = lbl;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_Labeled(_lbl, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Labeled;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._lbl, oth._lbl) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._lbl));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.Labeled";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._lbl.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_While : Statement {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _cond;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
-    public Statement_While(DAST._IExpression cond, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) : base() {
-      this._cond = cond;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_While(_cond, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_While;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._cond, oth._cond) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._cond));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.While";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._cond);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_Foreach : Statement {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _boundName;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _boundType;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _over;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
-    public Statement_Foreach(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> boundName, DAST._IType boundType, DAST._IExpression over, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) : base() {
-      this._boundName = boundName;
-      this._boundType = boundType;
-      this._over = over;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_Foreach(_boundName, _boundType, _over, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Foreach;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._boundName, oth._boundName) && object.Equals(this._boundType, oth._boundType) && object.Equals(this._over, oth._over) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._boundName));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._boundType));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._over));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.Foreach";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._boundName.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._boundType);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._over);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_Call : Statement {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _on;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _args;
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _outs;
-    public Statement_Call(DAST._IExpression @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> outs) : base() {
-      this._on = @on;
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
-      this._args = args;
-      this._outs = outs;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_Call(_on, _name, _typeArgs, _args, _outs);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Call;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._on, oth._on) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args) && object.Equals(this._outs, oth._outs);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._on));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._outs));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.Call";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._on);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._outs);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_Return : Statement {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public Statement_Return(DAST._IExpression expr) : base() {
-      this._expr = expr;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_Return(_expr);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Return;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.Return";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_EarlyReturn : Statement {
-    public Statement_EarlyReturn() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_EarlyReturn();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_EarlyReturn;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.EarlyReturn";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_Break : Statement {
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _toLabel;
-    public Statement_Break(Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> toLabel) : base() {
-      this._toLabel = toLabel;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_Break(_toLabel);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Break;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._toLabel, oth._toLabel);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._toLabel));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.Break";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._toLabel);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_TailRecursive : Statement {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
-    public Statement_TailRecursive(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) : base() {
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_TailRecursive(_body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_TailRecursive;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.TailRecursive";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_JumpTailCallStart : Statement {
-    public Statement_JumpTailCallStart() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_JumpTailCallStart();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_JumpTailCallStart;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.JumpTailCallStart";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_Halt : Statement {
-    public Statement_Halt() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_Halt();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Halt;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 12;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.Halt";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Statement_Print : Statement {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _a0;
-    public Statement_Print(DAST._IExpression _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Statement_Print(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Print;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 13;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Statement.Print";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IAssignLhs {
-    bool is_Ident { get; }
-    bool is_Select { get; }
-    bool is_Index { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Ident_a0 { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_expr { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_field { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_indices { get; }
-    _IAssignLhs DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class AssignLhs : _IAssignLhs {
-    public AssignLhs() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IAssignLhs theDefault = create_Ident(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
-    public static DAST._IAssignLhs Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IAssignLhs> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IAssignLhs>(DAST.AssignLhs.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IAssignLhs> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IAssignLhs create_Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) {
-      return new AssignLhs_Ident(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IAssignLhs create_Select(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field) {
-      return new AssignLhs_Select(expr, field);
-    }
-    public static _IAssignLhs create_Index(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> indices) {
-      return new AssignLhs_Index(expr, indices);
-    }
-    public bool is_Ident { get { return this is AssignLhs_Ident; } }
-    public bool is_Select { get { return this is AssignLhs_Select; } }
-    public bool is_Index { get { return this is AssignLhs_Index; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Ident_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((AssignLhs_Ident)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_expr {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is AssignLhs_Select) { return ((AssignLhs_Select)d)._expr; }
-        return ((AssignLhs_Index)d)._expr;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_field {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((AssignLhs_Select)d)._field;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_indices {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((AssignLhs_Index)d)._indices;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IAssignLhs DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class AssignLhs_Ident : AssignLhs {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
-    public AssignLhs_Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IAssignLhs DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IAssignLhs dt) { return dt; }
-      return new AssignLhs_Ident(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.AssignLhs_Ident;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.AssignLhs.Ident";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class AssignLhs_Select : AssignLhs {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _field;
-    public AssignLhs_Select(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field) : base() {
-      this._expr = expr;
-      this._field = field;
-    }
-    public override _IAssignLhs DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IAssignLhs dt) { return dt; }
-      return new AssignLhs_Select(_expr, _field);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.AssignLhs_Select;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._field, oth._field);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._field));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.AssignLhs.Select";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._field.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class AssignLhs_Index : AssignLhs {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _indices;
-    public AssignLhs_Index(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> indices) : base() {
-      this._expr = expr;
-      this._indices = indices;
-    }
-    public override _IAssignLhs DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IAssignLhs dt) { return dt; }
-      return new AssignLhs_Index(_expr, _indices);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.AssignLhs_Index;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._indices, oth._indices);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._indices));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.AssignLhs.Index";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._indices);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _ICollKind {
-    bool is_Seq { get; }
-    bool is_Array { get; }
-    bool is_Map { get; }
-    _ICollKind DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class CollKind : _ICollKind {
-    public CollKind() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._ICollKind theDefault = create_Seq();
-    public static DAST._ICollKind Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ICollKind> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ICollKind>(DAST.CollKind.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ICollKind> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _ICollKind create_Seq() {
-      return new CollKind_Seq();
-    }
-    public static _ICollKind create_Array() {
-      return new CollKind_Array();
-    }
-    public static _ICollKind create_Map() {
-      return new CollKind_Map();
-    }
-    public bool is_Seq { get { return this is CollKind_Seq; } }
-    public bool is_Array { get { return this is CollKind_Array; } }
-    public bool is_Map { get { return this is CollKind_Map; } }
-    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_ICollKind> AllSingletonConstructors {
-      get {
-        yield return CollKind.create_Seq();
-        yield return CollKind.create_Array();
-        yield return CollKind.create_Map();
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _ICollKind DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class CollKind_Seq : CollKind {
-    public CollKind_Seq() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _ICollKind DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ICollKind dt) { return dt; }
-      return new CollKind_Seq();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.CollKind_Seq;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.CollKind.Seq";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class CollKind_Array : CollKind {
-    public CollKind_Array() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _ICollKind DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ICollKind dt) { return dt; }
-      return new CollKind_Array();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.CollKind_Array;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.CollKind.Array";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class CollKind_Map : CollKind {
-    public CollKind_Map() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _ICollKind DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ICollKind dt) { return dt; }
-      return new CollKind_Map();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.CollKind_Map;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.CollKind.Map";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IBinOp {
-    bool is_Eq { get; }
-    bool is_Neq { get; }
-    bool is_Div { get; }
-    bool is_EuclidianDiv { get; }
-    bool is_Mod { get; }
-    bool is_EuclidianMod { get; }
-    bool is_Implies { get; }
-    bool is_In { get; }
-    bool is_NotIn { get; }
-    bool is_SetDifference { get; }
-    bool is_Concat { get; }
-    bool is_Passthrough { get; }
-    bool dtor_referential { get; }
-    bool dtor_nullable { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Passthrough_a0 { get; }
-    _IBinOp DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class BinOp : _IBinOp {
-    public BinOp() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IBinOp theDefault = create_Eq(false, false);
-    public static DAST._IBinOp Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IBinOp> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IBinOp>(DAST.BinOp.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IBinOp> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_Eq(bool referential, bool nullable) {
-      return new BinOp_Eq(referential, nullable);
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_Neq(bool referential, bool nullable) {
-      return new BinOp_Neq(referential, nullable);
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_Div() {
-      return new BinOp_Div();
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_EuclidianDiv() {
-      return new BinOp_EuclidianDiv();
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_Mod() {
-      return new BinOp_Mod();
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_EuclidianMod() {
-      return new BinOp_EuclidianMod();
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_Implies() {
-      return new BinOp_Implies();
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_In() {
-      return new BinOp_In();
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_NotIn() {
-      return new BinOp_NotIn();
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_SetDifference() {
-      return new BinOp_SetDifference();
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_Concat() {
-      return new BinOp_Concat();
-    }
-    public static _IBinOp create_Passthrough(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) {
-      return new BinOp_Passthrough(_a0);
-    }
-    public bool is_Eq { get { return this is BinOp_Eq; } }
-    public bool is_Neq { get { return this is BinOp_Neq; } }
-    public bool is_Div { get { return this is BinOp_Div; } }
-    public bool is_EuclidianDiv { get { return this is BinOp_EuclidianDiv; } }
-    public bool is_Mod { get { return this is BinOp_Mod; } }
-    public bool is_EuclidianMod { get { return this is BinOp_EuclidianMod; } }
-    public bool is_Implies { get { return this is BinOp_Implies; } }
-    public bool is_In { get { return this is BinOp_In; } }
-    public bool is_NotIn { get { return this is BinOp_NotIn; } }
-    public bool is_SetDifference { get { return this is BinOp_SetDifference; } }
-    public bool is_Concat { get { return this is BinOp_Concat; } }
-    public bool is_Passthrough { get { return this is BinOp_Passthrough; } }
-    public bool dtor_referential {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is BinOp_Eq) { return ((BinOp_Eq)d)._referential; }
-        return ((BinOp_Neq)d)._referential;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_nullable {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is BinOp_Eq) { return ((BinOp_Eq)d)._nullable; }
-        return ((BinOp_Neq)d)._nullable;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Passthrough_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((BinOp_Passthrough)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IBinOp DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class BinOp_Eq : BinOp {
-    public readonly bool _referential;
-    public readonly bool _nullable;
-    public BinOp_Eq(bool referential, bool nullable) : base() {
-      this._referential = referential;
-      this._nullable = nullable;
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_Eq(_referential, _nullable);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Eq;
-      return oth != null && this._referential == oth._referential && this._nullable == oth._nullable;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._referential));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._nullable));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Eq";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._referential);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._nullable);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_Neq : BinOp {
-    public readonly bool _referential;
-    public readonly bool _nullable;
-    public BinOp_Neq(bool referential, bool nullable) : base() {
-      this._referential = referential;
-      this._nullable = nullable;
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_Neq(_referential, _nullable);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Neq;
-      return oth != null && this._referential == oth._referential && this._nullable == oth._nullable;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._referential));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._nullable));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Neq";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._referential);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._nullable);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_Div : BinOp {
-    public BinOp_Div() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_Div();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Div;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Div";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_EuclidianDiv : BinOp {
-    public BinOp_EuclidianDiv() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_EuclidianDiv();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_EuclidianDiv;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.EuclidianDiv";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_Mod : BinOp {
-    public BinOp_Mod() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_Mod();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Mod;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Mod";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_EuclidianMod : BinOp {
-    public BinOp_EuclidianMod() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_EuclidianMod();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_EuclidianMod;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.EuclidianMod";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_Implies : BinOp {
-    public BinOp_Implies() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_Implies();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Implies;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Implies";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_In : BinOp {
-    public BinOp_In() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_In();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_In;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.In";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_NotIn : BinOp {
-    public BinOp_NotIn() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_NotIn();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_NotIn;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.NotIn";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_SetDifference : BinOp {
-    public BinOp_SetDifference() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_SetDifference();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_SetDifference;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.SetDifference";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_Concat : BinOp {
-    public BinOp_Concat() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_Concat();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Concat;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Concat";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class BinOp_Passthrough : BinOp {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
-    public BinOp_Passthrough(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new BinOp_Passthrough(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Passthrough;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Passthrough";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IExpression {
-    bool is_Literal { get; }
-    bool is_Ident { get; }
-    bool is_Companion { get; }
-    bool is_Tuple { get; }
-    bool is_New { get; }
-    bool is_NewArray { get; }
-    bool is_DatatypeValue { get; }
-    bool is_Convert { get; }
-    bool is_SeqConstruct { get; }
-    bool is_SeqValue { get; }
-    bool is_SetValue { get; }
-    bool is_MapValue { get; }
-    bool is_This { get; }
-    bool is_Ite { get; }
-    bool is_UnOp { get; }
-    bool is_BinOp { get; }
-    bool is_ArrayLen { get; }
-    bool is_Select { get; }
-    bool is_SelectFn { get; }
-    bool is_Index { get; }
-    bool is_IndexRange { get; }
-    bool is_TupleSelect { get; }
-    bool is_Call { get; }
-    bool is_Lambda { get; }
-    bool is_BetaRedex { get; }
-    bool is_IIFE { get; }
-    bool is_Apply { get; }
-    bool is_TypeTest { get; }
-    bool is_InitializationValue { get; }
-    bool is_BoolBoundedPool { get; }
-    bool is_SetBoundedPool { get; }
-    bool is_SeqBoundedPool { get; }
-    bool is_IntRange { get; }
-    DAST._ILiteral dtor_Literal_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Ident_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_Companion_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_Tuple_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_path { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_args { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_dims { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_typ { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_variant { get; }
-    bool dtor_isCo { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_contents { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_value { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_from { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_length { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_elem { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_elements { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_mapElems { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_cond { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_thn { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_els { get; }
-    DAST._IUnaryOp dtor_unOp { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_expr { get; }
-    DAST._IBinOp dtor_op { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_left { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_right { get; }
-    BigInteger dtor_dim { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_field { get; }
-    bool dtor_isConstant { get; }
-    bool dtor_onDatatype { get; }
-    bool dtor_isStatic { get; }
-    BigInteger dtor_arity { get; }
-    DAST._ICollKind dtor_collKind { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_indices { get; }
-    bool dtor_isArray { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_low { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_high { get; }
-    BigInteger dtor_index { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_on { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_params { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_retType { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_values { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_iifeBody { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_dType { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_of { get; }
-    bool dtor_includeDuplicates { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_lo { get; }
-    DAST._IExpression dtor_hi { get; }
-    _IExpression DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class Expression : _IExpression {
-    public Expression() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IExpression theDefault = create_Literal(DAST.Literal.Default());
-    public static DAST._IExpression Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IExpression> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IExpression>(DAST.Expression.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IExpression> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Literal(DAST._ILiteral _a0) {
-      return new Expression_Literal(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) {
-      return new Expression_Ident(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Companion(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0) {
-      return new Expression_Companion(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Tuple(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _a0) {
-      return new Expression_Tuple(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_New(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) {
-      return new Expression_New(path, typeArgs, args);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_NewArray(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dims, DAST._IType typ) {
-      return new Expression_NewArray(dims, typ);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_DatatypeValue(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> variant, bool isCo, Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> contents) {
-      return new Expression_DatatypeValue(path, typeArgs, variant, isCo, contents);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Convert(DAST._IExpression @value, DAST._IType @from, DAST._IType typ) {
-      return new Expression_Convert(@value, @from, typ);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_SeqConstruct(DAST._IExpression length, DAST._IExpression elem) {
-      return new Expression_SeqConstruct(length, elem);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_SeqValue(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> elements, DAST._IType typ) {
-      return new Expression_SeqValue(elements, typ);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_SetValue(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> elements) {
-      return new Expression_SetValue(elements);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_MapValue(Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> mapElems) {
-      return new Expression_MapValue(mapElems);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_This() {
-      return new Expression_This();
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Ite(DAST._IExpression cond, DAST._IExpression thn, DAST._IExpression els) {
-      return new Expression_Ite(cond, thn, els);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_UnOp(DAST._IUnaryOp unOp, DAST._IExpression expr) {
-      return new Expression_UnOp(unOp, expr);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_BinOp(DAST._IBinOp op, DAST._IExpression left, DAST._IExpression right) {
-      return new Expression_BinOp(op, left, right);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_ArrayLen(DAST._IExpression expr, BigInteger dim) {
-      return new Expression_ArrayLen(expr, dim);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Select(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field, bool isConstant, bool onDatatype) {
-      return new Expression_Select(expr, field, isConstant, onDatatype);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_SelectFn(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field, bool onDatatype, bool isStatic, BigInteger arity) {
-      return new Expression_SelectFn(expr, field, onDatatype, isStatic, arity);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Index(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._ICollKind collKind, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> indices) {
-      return new Expression_Index(expr, collKind, indices);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_IndexRange(DAST._IExpression expr, bool isArray, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> low, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> high) {
-      return new Expression_IndexRange(expr, isArray, low, high);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_TupleSelect(DAST._IExpression expr, BigInteger index) {
-      return new Expression_TupleSelect(expr, index);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Call(DAST._IExpression @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) {
-      return new Expression_Call(@on, name, typeArgs, args);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Lambda(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, DAST._IType retType, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) {
-      return new Expression_Lambda(@params, retType, body);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_BetaRedex(Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> values, DAST._IType retType, DAST._IExpression expr) {
-      return new Expression_BetaRedex(values, retType, expr);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_IIFE(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ, DAST._IExpression @value, DAST._IExpression iifeBody) {
-      return new Expression_IIFE(name, typ, @value, iifeBody);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_Apply(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) {
-      return new Expression_Apply(expr, args);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_TypeTest(DAST._IExpression @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> variant) {
-      return new Expression_TypeTest(@on, dType, variant);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_InitializationValue(DAST._IType typ) {
-      return new Expression_InitializationValue(typ);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_BoolBoundedPool() {
-      return new Expression_BoolBoundedPool();
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_SetBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of) {
-      return new Expression_SetBoundedPool(of);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_SeqBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of, bool includeDuplicates) {
-      return new Expression_SeqBoundedPool(of, includeDuplicates);
-    }
-    public static _IExpression create_IntRange(DAST._IExpression lo, DAST._IExpression hi) {
-      return new Expression_IntRange(lo, hi);
-    }
-    public bool is_Literal { get { return this is Expression_Literal; } }
-    public bool is_Ident { get { return this is Expression_Ident; } }
-    public bool is_Companion { get { return this is Expression_Companion; } }
-    public bool is_Tuple { get { return this is Expression_Tuple; } }
-    public bool is_New { get { return this is Expression_New; } }
-    public bool is_NewArray { get { return this is Expression_NewArray; } }
-    public bool is_DatatypeValue { get { return this is Expression_DatatypeValue; } }
-    public bool is_Convert { get { return this is Expression_Convert; } }
-    public bool is_SeqConstruct { get { return this is Expression_SeqConstruct; } }
-    public bool is_SeqValue { get { return this is Expression_SeqValue; } }
-    public bool is_SetValue { get { return this is Expression_SetValue; } }
-    public bool is_MapValue { get { return this is Expression_MapValue; } }
-    public bool is_This { get { return this is Expression_This; } }
-    public bool is_Ite { get { return this is Expression_Ite; } }
-    public bool is_UnOp { get { return this is Expression_UnOp; } }
-    public bool is_BinOp { get { return this is Expression_BinOp; } }
-    public bool is_ArrayLen { get { return this is Expression_ArrayLen; } }
-    public bool is_Select { get { return this is Expression_Select; } }
-    public bool is_SelectFn { get { return this is Expression_SelectFn; } }
-    public bool is_Index { get { return this is Expression_Index; } }
-    public bool is_IndexRange { get { return this is Expression_IndexRange; } }
-    public bool is_TupleSelect { get { return this is Expression_TupleSelect; } }
-    public bool is_Call { get { return this is Expression_Call; } }
-    public bool is_Lambda { get { return this is Expression_Lambda; } }
-    public bool is_BetaRedex { get { return this is Expression_BetaRedex; } }
-    public bool is_IIFE { get { return this is Expression_IIFE; } }
-    public bool is_Apply { get { return this is Expression_Apply; } }
-    public bool is_TypeTest { get { return this is Expression_TypeTest; } }
-    public bool is_InitializationValue { get { return this is Expression_InitializationValue; } }
-    public bool is_BoolBoundedPool { get { return this is Expression_BoolBoundedPool; } }
-    public bool is_SetBoundedPool { get { return this is Expression_SetBoundedPool; } }
-    public bool is_SeqBoundedPool { get { return this is Expression_SeqBoundedPool; } }
-    public bool is_IntRange { get { return this is Expression_IntRange; } }
-    public DAST._ILiteral dtor_Literal_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Literal)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Ident_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Ident)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_Companion_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Companion)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_Tuple_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Tuple)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_path {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_New) { return ((Expression_New)d)._path; }
-        return ((Expression_DatatypeValue)d)._path;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_New) { return ((Expression_New)d)._typeArgs; }
-        if (d is Expression_DatatypeValue) { return ((Expression_DatatypeValue)d)._typeArgs; }
-        return ((Expression_Call)d)._typeArgs;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_args {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_New) { return ((Expression_New)d)._args; }
-        if (d is Expression_Call) { return ((Expression_Call)d)._args; }
-        return ((Expression_Apply)d)._args;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_dims {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_NewArray)d)._dims;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_typ {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_NewArray) { return ((Expression_NewArray)d)._typ; }
-        if (d is Expression_Convert) { return ((Expression_Convert)d)._typ; }
-        if (d is Expression_SeqValue) { return ((Expression_SeqValue)d)._typ; }
-        if (d is Expression_IIFE) { return ((Expression_IIFE)d)._typ; }
-        return ((Expression_InitializationValue)d)._typ;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_variant {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_DatatypeValue) { return ((Expression_DatatypeValue)d)._variant; }
-        return ((Expression_TypeTest)d)._variant;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_isCo {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_DatatypeValue)d)._isCo;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_contents {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_DatatypeValue)d)._contents;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_value {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_Convert) { return ((Expression_Convert)d)._value; }
-        return ((Expression_IIFE)d)._value;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_from {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Convert)d)._from;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_length {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_SeqConstruct)d)._length;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_elem {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_SeqConstruct)d)._elem;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_elements {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_SeqValue) { return ((Expression_SeqValue)d)._elements; }
-        return ((Expression_SetValue)d)._elements;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_mapElems {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_MapValue)d)._mapElems;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_cond {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Ite)d)._cond;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_thn {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Ite)d)._thn;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_els {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Ite)d)._els;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IUnaryOp dtor_unOp {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_UnOp)d)._unOp;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_expr {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_UnOp) { return ((Expression_UnOp)d)._expr; }
-        if (d is Expression_ArrayLen) { return ((Expression_ArrayLen)d)._expr; }
-        if (d is Expression_Select) { return ((Expression_Select)d)._expr; }
-        if (d is Expression_SelectFn) { return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._expr; }
-        if (d is Expression_Index) { return ((Expression_Index)d)._expr; }
-        if (d is Expression_IndexRange) { return ((Expression_IndexRange)d)._expr; }
-        if (d is Expression_TupleSelect) { return ((Expression_TupleSelect)d)._expr; }
-        if (d is Expression_BetaRedex) { return ((Expression_BetaRedex)d)._expr; }
-        return ((Expression_Apply)d)._expr;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IBinOp dtor_op {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_BinOp)d)._op;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_left {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_BinOp)d)._left;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_right {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_BinOp)d)._right;
-      }
-    }
-    public BigInteger dtor_dim {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_ArrayLen)d)._dim;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_field {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_Select) { return ((Expression_Select)d)._field; }
-        return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._field;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_isConstant {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Select)d)._isConstant;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_onDatatype {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_Select) { return ((Expression_Select)d)._onDatatype; }
-        return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._onDatatype;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_isStatic {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._isStatic;
-      }
-    }
-    public BigInteger dtor_arity {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._arity;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._ICollKind dtor_collKind {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Index)d)._collKind;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_indices {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Index)d)._indices;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_isArray {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_IndexRange)d)._isArray;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_low {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_IndexRange)d)._low;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_high {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_IndexRange)d)._high;
-      }
-    }
-    public BigInteger dtor_index {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_TupleSelect)d)._index;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_on {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_Call) { return ((Expression_Call)d)._on; }
-        return ((Expression_TypeTest)d)._on;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_Call) { return ((Expression_Call)d)._name; }
-        return ((Expression_IIFE)d)._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_params {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Lambda)d)._params;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_retType {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_Lambda) { return ((Expression_Lambda)d)._retType; }
-        return ((Expression_BetaRedex)d)._retType;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_Lambda)d)._body;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_values {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_BetaRedex)d)._values;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_iifeBody {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_IIFE)d)._iifeBody;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_dType {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_TypeTest)d)._dType;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_of {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Expression_SetBoundedPool) { return ((Expression_SetBoundedPool)d)._of; }
-        return ((Expression_SeqBoundedPool)d)._of;
-      }
-    }
-    public bool dtor_includeDuplicates {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_SeqBoundedPool)d)._includeDuplicates;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_lo {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_IntRange)d)._lo;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IExpression dtor_hi {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expression_IntRange)d)._hi;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IExpression DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Expression_Literal : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._ILiteral _a0;
-    public Expression_Literal(DAST._ILiteral _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Literal(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Literal;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Literal";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_Ident : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
-    public Expression_Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Ident(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Ident;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Ident";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_Companion : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0;
-    public Expression_Companion(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Companion(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Companion;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Companion";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_Tuple : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _a0;
-    public Expression_Tuple(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Tuple(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Tuple;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Tuple";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_New : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _path;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _args;
-    public Expression_New(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) : base() {
-      this._path = path;
-      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
-      this._args = args;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_New(_path, _typeArgs, _args);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_New;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._path, oth._path) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._path));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.New";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._path);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_NewArray : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _dims;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
-    public Expression_NewArray(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dims, DAST._IType typ) : base() {
-      this._dims = dims;
-      this._typ = typ;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_NewArray(_dims, _typ);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_NewArray;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._dims, oth._dims) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dims));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.NewArray";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._dims);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_DatatypeValue : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _path;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _variant;
-    public readonly bool _isCo;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> _contents;
-    public Expression_DatatypeValue(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> variant, bool isCo, Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> contents) : base() {
-      this._path = path;
-      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
-      this._variant = variant;
-      this._isCo = isCo;
-      this._contents = contents;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_DatatypeValue(_path, _typeArgs, _variant, _isCo, _contents);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_DatatypeValue;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._path, oth._path) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs) && object.Equals(this._variant, oth._variant) && this._isCo == oth._isCo && object.Equals(this._contents, oth._contents);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._path));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._variant));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isCo));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._contents));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.DatatypeValue";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._path);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._variant.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isCo);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._contents);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_Convert : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _value;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _from;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
-    public Expression_Convert(DAST._IExpression @value, DAST._IType @from, DAST._IType typ) : base() {
-      this._value = @value;
-      this._from = @from;
-      this._typ = typ;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Convert(_value, _from, _typ);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Convert;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value) && object.Equals(this._from, oth._from) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._from));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Convert";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._from);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_SeqConstruct : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _length;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _elem;
-    public Expression_SeqConstruct(DAST._IExpression length, DAST._IExpression elem) : base() {
-      this._length = length;
-      this._elem = elem;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_SeqConstruct(_length, _elem);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SeqConstruct;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._length, oth._length) && object.Equals(this._elem, oth._elem);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._length));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._elem));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.SeqConstruct";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._length);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._elem);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_SeqValue : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _elements;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
-    public Expression_SeqValue(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> elements, DAST._IType typ) : base() {
-      this._elements = elements;
-      this._typ = typ;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_SeqValue(_elements, _typ);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SeqValue;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._elements, oth._elements) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._elements));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.SeqValue";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._elements);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_SetValue : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _elements;
-    public Expression_SetValue(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> elements) : base() {
-      this._elements = elements;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_SetValue(_elements);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SetValue;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._elements, oth._elements);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._elements));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.SetValue";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._elements);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_MapValue : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> _mapElems;
-    public Expression_MapValue(Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> mapElems) : base() {
-      this._mapElems = mapElems;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_MapValue(_mapElems);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_MapValue;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._mapElems, oth._mapElems);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._mapElems));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.MapValue";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._mapElems);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_This : Expression {
-    public Expression_This() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_This();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_This;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 12;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.This";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_Ite : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _cond;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _thn;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _els;
-    public Expression_Ite(DAST._IExpression cond, DAST._IExpression thn, DAST._IExpression els) : base() {
-      this._cond = cond;
-      this._thn = thn;
-      this._els = els;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Ite(_cond, _thn, _els);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Ite;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._cond, oth._cond) && object.Equals(this._thn, oth._thn) && object.Equals(this._els, oth._els);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 13;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._cond));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._thn));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._els));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Ite";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._cond);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._thn);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._els);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_UnOp : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IUnaryOp _unOp;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public Expression_UnOp(DAST._IUnaryOp unOp, DAST._IExpression expr) : base() {
-      this._unOp = unOp;
-      this._expr = expr;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_UnOp(_unOp, _expr);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_UnOp;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._unOp, oth._unOp) && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 14;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._unOp));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.UnOp";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._unOp);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_BinOp : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IBinOp _op;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _left;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _right;
-    public Expression_BinOp(DAST._IBinOp op, DAST._IExpression left, DAST._IExpression right) : base() {
-      this._op = op;
-      this._left = left;
-      this._right = right;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_BinOp(_op, _left, _right);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_BinOp;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._op, oth._op) && object.Equals(this._left, oth._left) && object.Equals(this._right, oth._right);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 15;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._op));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._left));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._right));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.BinOp";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._op);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._left);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._right);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_ArrayLen : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public readonly BigInteger _dim;
-    public Expression_ArrayLen(DAST._IExpression expr, BigInteger dim) : base() {
-      this._expr = expr;
-      this._dim = dim;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_ArrayLen(_expr, _dim);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_ArrayLen;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && this._dim == oth._dim;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 16;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dim));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.ArrayLen";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._dim);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_Select : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _field;
-    public readonly bool _isConstant;
-    public readonly bool _onDatatype;
-    public Expression_Select(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field, bool isConstant, bool onDatatype) : base() {
-      this._expr = expr;
-      this._field = field;
-      this._isConstant = isConstant;
-      this._onDatatype = onDatatype;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Select(_expr, _field, _isConstant, _onDatatype);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Select;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._field, oth._field) && this._isConstant == oth._isConstant && this._onDatatype == oth._onDatatype;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 17;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._field));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isConstant));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._onDatatype));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Select";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._field.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isConstant);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._onDatatype);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_SelectFn : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _field;
-    public readonly bool _onDatatype;
-    public readonly bool _isStatic;
-    public readonly BigInteger _arity;
-    public Expression_SelectFn(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field, bool onDatatype, bool isStatic, BigInteger arity) : base() {
-      this._expr = expr;
-      this._field = field;
-      this._onDatatype = onDatatype;
-      this._isStatic = isStatic;
-      this._arity = arity;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_SelectFn(_expr, _field, _onDatatype, _isStatic, _arity);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SelectFn;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._field, oth._field) && this._onDatatype == oth._onDatatype && this._isStatic == oth._isStatic && this._arity == oth._arity;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 18;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._field));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._onDatatype));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isStatic));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._arity));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.SelectFn";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._field.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._onDatatype);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isStatic);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._arity);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_Index : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public readonly DAST._ICollKind _collKind;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _indices;
-    public Expression_Index(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._ICollKind collKind, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> indices) : base() {
-      this._expr = expr;
-      this._collKind = collKind;
-      this._indices = indices;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Index(_expr, _collKind, _indices);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Index;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._collKind, oth._collKind) && object.Equals(this._indices, oth._indices);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 19;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._collKind));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._indices));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Index";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._collKind);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._indices);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_IndexRange : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public readonly bool _isArray;
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _low;
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _high;
-    public Expression_IndexRange(DAST._IExpression expr, bool isArray, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> low, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> high) : base() {
-      this._expr = expr;
-      this._isArray = isArray;
-      this._low = low;
-      this._high = high;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_IndexRange(_expr, _isArray, _low, _high);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_IndexRange;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && this._isArray == oth._isArray && object.Equals(this._low, oth._low) && object.Equals(this._high, oth._high);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 20;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isArray));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._low));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._high));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.IndexRange";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isArray);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._low);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._high);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_TupleSelect : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public readonly BigInteger _index;
-    public Expression_TupleSelect(DAST._IExpression expr, BigInteger index) : base() {
-      this._expr = expr;
-      this._index = index;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_TupleSelect(_expr, _index);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_TupleSelect;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && this._index == oth._index;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 21;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._index));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.TupleSelect";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._index);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_Call : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _on;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _args;
-    public Expression_Call(DAST._IExpression @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) : base() {
-      this._on = @on;
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
-      this._args = args;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Call(_on, _name, _typeArgs, _args);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Call;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._on, oth._on) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 22;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._on));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Call";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._on);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_Lambda : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _params;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _retType;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
-    public Expression_Lambda(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, DAST._IType retType, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) : base() {
-      this._params = @params;
-      this._retType = retType;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Lambda(_params, _retType, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Lambda;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._params, oth._params) && object.Equals(this._retType, oth._retType) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 23;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._params));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._retType));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Lambda";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._params);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._retType);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_BetaRedex : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> _values;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _retType;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public Expression_BetaRedex(Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> values, DAST._IType retType, DAST._IExpression expr) : base() {
-      this._values = values;
-      this._retType = retType;
-      this._expr = expr;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_BetaRedex(_values, _retType, _expr);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_BetaRedex;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._values, oth._values) && object.Equals(this._retType, oth._retType) && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 24;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._values));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._retType));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.BetaRedex";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._values);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._retType);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_IIFE : Expression {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _value;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _iifeBody;
-    public Expression_IIFE(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ, DAST._IExpression @value, DAST._IExpression iifeBody) : base() {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typ = typ;
-      this._value = @value;
-      this._iifeBody = iifeBody;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_IIFE(_name, _typ, _value, _iifeBody);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_IIFE;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ) && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value) && object.Equals(this._iifeBody, oth._iifeBody);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 25;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._iifeBody));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.IIFE";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._iifeBody);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_Apply : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _args;
-    public Expression_Apply(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) : base() {
-      this._expr = expr;
-      this._args = args;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_Apply(_expr, _args);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Apply;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 26;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.Apply";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_TypeTest : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _on;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _dType;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _variant;
-    public Expression_TypeTest(DAST._IExpression @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> variant) : base() {
-      this._on = @on;
-      this._dType = dType;
-      this._variant = variant;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_TypeTest(_on, _dType, _variant);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_TypeTest;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._on, oth._on) && object.Equals(this._dType, oth._dType) && object.Equals(this._variant, oth._variant);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 27;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._on));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dType));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._variant));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.TypeTest";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._on);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._dType);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._variant.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_InitializationValue : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
-    public Expression_InitializationValue(DAST._IType typ) : base() {
-      this._typ = typ;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_InitializationValue(_typ);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_InitializationValue;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 28;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.InitializationValue";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_BoolBoundedPool : Expression {
-    public Expression_BoolBoundedPool() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_BoolBoundedPool();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_BoolBoundedPool;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 29;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.BoolBoundedPool";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_SetBoundedPool : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _of;
-    public Expression_SetBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of) : base() {
-      this._of = of;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_SetBoundedPool(_of);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SetBoundedPool;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._of, oth._of);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 30;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._of));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.SetBoundedPool";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._of);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_SeqBoundedPool : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _of;
-    public readonly bool _includeDuplicates;
-    public Expression_SeqBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of, bool includeDuplicates) : base() {
-      this._of = of;
-      this._includeDuplicates = includeDuplicates;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_SeqBoundedPool(_of, _includeDuplicates);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SeqBoundedPool;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._of, oth._of) && this._includeDuplicates == oth._includeDuplicates;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 31;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._of));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._includeDuplicates));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.SeqBoundedPool";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._of);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._includeDuplicates);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expression_IntRange : Expression {
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _lo;
-    public readonly DAST._IExpression _hi;
-    public Expression_IntRange(DAST._IExpression lo, DAST._IExpression hi) : base() {
-      this._lo = lo;
-      this._hi = hi;
-    }
-    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expression_IntRange(_lo, _hi);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_IntRange;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._lo, oth._lo) && object.Equals(this._hi, oth._hi);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 32;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._lo));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._hi));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Expression.IntRange";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._lo);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._hi);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IUnaryOp {
-    bool is_Not { get; }
-    bool is_BitwiseNot { get; }
-    bool is_Cardinality { get; }
-    _IUnaryOp DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class UnaryOp : _IUnaryOp {
-    public UnaryOp() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._IUnaryOp theDefault = create_Not();
-    public static DAST._IUnaryOp Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IUnaryOp> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IUnaryOp>(DAST.UnaryOp.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IUnaryOp> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IUnaryOp create_Not() {
-      return new UnaryOp_Not();
-    }
-    public static _IUnaryOp create_BitwiseNot() {
-      return new UnaryOp_BitwiseNot();
-    }
-    public static _IUnaryOp create_Cardinality() {
-      return new UnaryOp_Cardinality();
-    }
-    public bool is_Not { get { return this is UnaryOp_Not; } }
-    public bool is_BitwiseNot { get { return this is UnaryOp_BitwiseNot; } }
-    public bool is_Cardinality { get { return this is UnaryOp_Cardinality; } }
-    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IUnaryOp> AllSingletonConstructors {
-      get {
-        yield return UnaryOp.create_Not();
-        yield return UnaryOp.create_BitwiseNot();
-        yield return UnaryOp.create_Cardinality();
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IUnaryOp DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class UnaryOp_Not : UnaryOp {
-    public UnaryOp_Not() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IUnaryOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IUnaryOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new UnaryOp_Not();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.UnaryOp_Not;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.UnaryOp.Not";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class UnaryOp_BitwiseNot : UnaryOp {
-    public UnaryOp_BitwiseNot() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IUnaryOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IUnaryOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new UnaryOp_BitwiseNot();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.UnaryOp_BitwiseNot;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.UnaryOp.BitwiseNot";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class UnaryOp_Cardinality : UnaryOp {
-    public UnaryOp_Cardinality() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IUnaryOp DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IUnaryOp dt) { return dt; }
-      return new UnaryOp_Cardinality();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.UnaryOp_Cardinality;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.UnaryOp.Cardinality";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _ILiteral {
-    bool is_BoolLiteral { get; }
-    bool is_IntLiteral { get; }
-    bool is_DecLiteral { get; }
-    bool is_StringLiteral { get; }
-    bool is_CharLiteral { get; }
-    bool is_Null { get; }
-    bool dtor_BoolLiteral_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_IntLiteral_a0 { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_IntLiteral_a1 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_DecLiteral_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_DecLiteral_a1 { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_DecLiteral_a2 { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_StringLiteral_a0 { get; }
-    Dafny.Rune dtor_CharLiteral_a0 { get; }
-    DAST._IType dtor_Null_a0 { get; }
-    _ILiteral DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public abstract class Literal : _ILiteral {
-    public Literal() {
-    }
-    private static readonly DAST._ILiteral theDefault = create_BoolLiteral(false);
-    public static DAST._ILiteral Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ILiteral> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ILiteral>(DAST.Literal.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ILiteral> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _ILiteral create_BoolLiteral(bool _a0) {
-      return new Literal_BoolLiteral(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _ILiteral create_IntLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0, DAST._IType _a1) {
-      return new Literal_IntLiteral(_a0, _a1);
-    }
-    public static _ILiteral create_DecLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a1, DAST._IType _a2) {
-      return new Literal_DecLiteral(_a0, _a1, _a2);
-    }
-    public static _ILiteral create_StringLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) {
-      return new Literal_StringLiteral(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _ILiteral create_CharLiteral(Dafny.Rune _a0) {
-      return new Literal_CharLiteral(_a0);
-    }
-    public static _ILiteral create_Null(DAST._IType _a0) {
-      return new Literal_Null(_a0);
-    }
-    public bool is_BoolLiteral { get { return this is Literal_BoolLiteral; } }
-    public bool is_IntLiteral { get { return this is Literal_IntLiteral; } }
-    public bool is_DecLiteral { get { return this is Literal_DecLiteral; } }
-    public bool is_StringLiteral { get { return this is Literal_StringLiteral; } }
-    public bool is_CharLiteral { get { return this is Literal_CharLiteral; } }
-    public bool is_Null { get { return this is Literal_Null; } }
-    public bool dtor_BoolLiteral_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Literal_BoolLiteral)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_IntLiteral_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Literal_IntLiteral)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_IntLiteral_a1 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Literal_IntLiteral)d)._a1;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_DecLiteral_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Literal_DecLiteral)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_DecLiteral_a1 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Literal_DecLiteral)d)._a1;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_DecLiteral_a2 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Literal_DecLiteral)d)._a2;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_StringLiteral_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Literal_StringLiteral)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.Rune dtor_CharLiteral_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Literal_CharLiteral)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public DAST._IType dtor_Null_a0 {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Literal_Null)d)._a0;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _ILiteral DowncastClone();
-  }
-  public class Literal_BoolLiteral : Literal {
-    public readonly bool _a0;
-    public Literal_BoolLiteral(bool _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Literal_BoolLiteral(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_BoolLiteral;
-      return oth != null && this._a0 == oth._a0;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Literal.BoolLiteral";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Literal_IntLiteral : Literal {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _a1;
-    public Literal_IntLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0, DAST._IType _a1) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-      this._a1 = _a1;
-    }
-    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Literal_IntLiteral(_a0, _a1);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_IntLiteral;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0) && object.Equals(this._a1, oth._a1);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a1));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Literal.IntLiteral";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a1);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Literal_DecLiteral : Literal {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a1;
-    public readonly DAST._IType _a2;
-    public Literal_DecLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a1, DAST._IType _a2) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-      this._a1 = _a1;
-      this._a2 = _a2;
-    }
-    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Literal_DecLiteral(_a0, _a1, _a2);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_DecLiteral;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0) && object.Equals(this._a1, oth._a1) && object.Equals(this._a2, oth._a2);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a1));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a2));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Literal.DecLiteral";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._a1.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a2);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Literal_StringLiteral : Literal {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
-    public Literal_StringLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Literal_StringLiteral(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_StringLiteral;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Literal.StringLiteral";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Literal_CharLiteral : Literal {
-    public readonly Dafny.Rune _a0;
-    public Literal_CharLiteral(Dafny.Rune _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Literal_CharLiteral(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_CharLiteral;
-      return oth != null && this._a0 == oth._a0;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Literal.CharLiteral";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Literal_Null : Literal {
-    public readonly DAST._IType _a0;
-    public Literal_Null(DAST._IType _a0) : base() {
-      this._a0 = _a0;
-    }
-    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Literal_Null(_a0);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_Null;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "DAST.Literal.Null";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace DAST
-
-namespace D2DPrettyPrinter {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> PrettyPrint(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModule> d) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers.WrapException.Throw();
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Not Implemented Yet");
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace D2DPrettyPrinter
-namespace ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyPlugin {
-
-
-  public partial class COMP {
-    public COMP() {
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Compile(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModule> p) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out14;
-      _out14 = D2DPrettyPrinter.__default.PrettyPrint(p);
-      s = _out14;
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> EmitCallToMain(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> fullName) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyPlugin
-namespace RAST {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> SeqToString<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> s, Func<__T, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> f, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> separator) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((s).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      } else {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>(f)((s).Select(BigInteger.Zero)), (((new BigInteger((s).Count)) > (BigInteger.One)) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(separator, RAST.__default.SeqToString<__T>((s).Drop(BigInteger.One), f, separator))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> AddIndent(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> raw, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _828___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((raw).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_828___accumulator, raw);
-      } else if ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("[({")).Contains((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) {
-        _828___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_828___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in103 = (raw).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in104 = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND);
-        raw = _in103;
-        ind = _in104;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      } else if (((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("})]")).Contains((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) && ((new BigInteger((ind).Count)) > (new BigInteger(2)))) {
-        _828___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_828___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in105 = (raw).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in106 = (ind).Take((new BigInteger((ind).Count)) - (new BigInteger(2)));
-        raw = _in105;
-        ind = _in106;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      } else if (((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('\n'))) {
-        _828___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_828___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero)), ind));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in107 = (raw).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in108 = ind;
-        raw = _in107;
-        ind = _in108;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      } else {
-        _828___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_828___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in109 = (raw).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in110 = ind;
-        raw = _in109;
-        ind = _in110;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static byte PUB {
-      get {
-        return (byte)(1);
-      }
-    }
-    public static byte PRIV {
-      get {
-        return (byte)(0);
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> IND {
-      get {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("  ");
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IMod {
-    bool is_Mod { get; }
-    bool is_ExternMod { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> dtor_body { get; }
-    _IMod DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public abstract class Mod : _IMod {
-    public Mod() {
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IMod theDefault = create_Mod(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty);
-    public static RAST._IMod Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod>(RAST.Mod.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IMod create_Mod(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> body) {
-      return new Mod_Mod(name, body);
-    }
-    public static _IMod create_ExternMod(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
-      return new Mod_ExternMod(name);
-    }
-    public bool is_Mod { get { return this is Mod_Mod; } }
-    public bool is_ExternMod { get { return this is Mod_ExternMod; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Mod_Mod) { return ((Mod_Mod)d)._name; }
-        return ((Mod_ExternMod)d)._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Mod_Mod)d)._body;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IMod DowncastClone();
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      RAST._IMod _source25 = this;
-      if (_source25.is_Mod) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _829___mcc_h0 = _source25.dtor_name;
-        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _830___mcc_h1 = _source25.dtor_body;
-        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _831_body = _830___mcc_h1;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _832_name = _829___mcc_h0;
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("mod "), _832_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), RAST.__default.IND), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IModDecl>(_831_body, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IModDecl, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_833_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IModDecl, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_834_modDecl) => {
-          return (_834_modDecl)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_833_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
-        })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-      } else {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _835___mcc_h2 = _source25.dtor_name;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _836_name = _835___mcc_h2;
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("mod "), _836_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  public class Mod_Mod : Mod {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _body;
-    public Mod_Mod(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> body) : base() {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public override _IMod DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IMod dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Mod_Mod(_name, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Mod_Mod;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Mod.Mod";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Mod_ExternMod : Mod {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public Mod_ExternMod(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) : base() {
-      this._name = name;
-    }
-    public override _IMod DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IMod dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Mod_ExternMod(_name);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Mod_ExternMod;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Mod.ExternMod";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IModDecl {
-    bool is_RawDecl { get; }
-    bool is_ModDecl { get; }
-    bool is_StructDecl { get; }
-    bool is_EnumDecl { get; }
-    bool is_ImplDecl { get; }
-    bool is_TraitDecl { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_body { get; }
-    RAST._IMod dtor_mod { get; }
-    RAST._IStruct dtor_struct { get; }
-    RAST._IEnum dtor_enum { get; }
-    RAST._IImpl dtor_impl { get; }
-    RAST._ITrait dtor_tr { get; }
-    _IModDecl DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public abstract class ModDecl : _IModDecl {
-    public ModDecl() {
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IModDecl theDefault = create_RawDecl(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
-    public static RAST._IModDecl Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IModDecl> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IModDecl>(RAST.ModDecl.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IModDecl> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IModDecl create_RawDecl(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> body) {
-      return new ModDecl_RawDecl(body);
-    }
-    public static _IModDecl create_ModDecl(RAST._IMod mod) {
-      return new ModDecl_ModDecl(mod);
-    }
-    public static _IModDecl create_StructDecl(RAST._IStruct @struct) {
-      return new ModDecl_StructDecl(@struct);
-    }
-    public static _IModDecl create_EnumDecl(RAST._IEnum @enum) {
-      return new ModDecl_EnumDecl(@enum);
-    }
-    public static _IModDecl create_ImplDecl(RAST._IImpl impl) {
-      return new ModDecl_ImplDecl(impl);
-    }
-    public static _IModDecl create_TraitDecl(RAST._ITrait tr) {
-      return new ModDecl_TraitDecl(tr);
-    }
-    public bool is_RawDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_RawDecl; } }
-    public bool is_ModDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_ModDecl; } }
-    public bool is_StructDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_StructDecl; } }
-    public bool is_EnumDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_EnumDecl; } }
-    public bool is_ImplDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_ImplDecl; } }
-    public bool is_TraitDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_TraitDecl; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModDecl_RawDecl)d)._body;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IMod dtor_mod {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModDecl_ModDecl)d)._mod;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IStruct dtor_struct {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModDecl_StructDecl)d)._struct;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IEnum dtor_enum {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModDecl_EnumDecl)d)._enum;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IImpl dtor_impl {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModDecl_ImplDecl)d)._impl;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._ITrait dtor_tr {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ModDecl_TraitDecl)d)._tr;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IModDecl DowncastClone();
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      if ((this).is_ModDecl) {
-        return ((this).dtor_mod)._ToString(ind);
-      } else if ((this).is_StructDecl) {
-        return ((this).dtor_struct)._ToString(ind);
-      } else if ((this).is_ImplDecl) {
-        return ((this).dtor_impl)._ToString(ind);
-      } else if ((this).is_EnumDecl) {
-        return ((this).dtor_enum)._ToString(ind);
-      } else if ((this).is_TraitDecl) {
-        return ((this).dtor_tr)._ToString(ind);
-      } else {
-        return (this).dtor_body;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  public class ModDecl_RawDecl : ModDecl {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _body;
-    public ModDecl_RawDecl(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> body) : base() {
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModDecl_RawDecl(_body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_RawDecl;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.RawDecl";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._body.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ModDecl_ModDecl : ModDecl {
-    public readonly RAST._IMod _mod;
-    public ModDecl_ModDecl(RAST._IMod mod) : base() {
-      this._mod = mod;
-    }
-    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModDecl_ModDecl(_mod);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_ModDecl;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._mod, oth._mod);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._mod));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.ModDecl";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._mod);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ModDecl_StructDecl : ModDecl {
-    public readonly RAST._IStruct _struct;
-    public ModDecl_StructDecl(RAST._IStruct @struct) : base() {
-      this._struct = @struct;
-    }
-    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModDecl_StructDecl(_struct);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_StructDecl;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._struct, oth._struct);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._struct));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.StructDecl";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._struct);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ModDecl_EnumDecl : ModDecl {
-    public readonly RAST._IEnum _enum;
-    public ModDecl_EnumDecl(RAST._IEnum @enum) : base() {
-      this._enum = @enum;
-    }
-    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModDecl_EnumDecl(_enum);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_EnumDecl;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._enum, oth._enum);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._enum));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.EnumDecl";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._enum);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ModDecl_ImplDecl : ModDecl {
-    public readonly RAST._IImpl _impl;
-    public ModDecl_ImplDecl(RAST._IImpl impl) : base() {
-      this._impl = impl;
-    }
-    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModDecl_ImplDecl(_impl);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_ImplDecl;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._impl, oth._impl);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._impl));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.ImplDecl";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._impl);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ModDecl_TraitDecl : ModDecl {
-    public readonly RAST._ITrait _tr;
-    public ModDecl_TraitDecl(RAST._ITrait tr) : base() {
-      this._tr = tr;
-    }
-    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ModDecl_TraitDecl(_tr);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_TraitDecl;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._tr, oth._tr);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tr));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.TraitDecl";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tr);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IAttribute {
-    bool is_RawAttribute { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content { get; }
-  }
-  public class Attribute : _IAttribute {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _content;
-    public Attribute(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      this._content = content;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DowncastClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this) {
-      return _this;
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Attribute;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._content, oth._content);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._content));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Attribute.RawAttribute";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._content.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> theDefault = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IAttribute create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      return new Attribute(content);
-    }
-    public static _IAttribute create_RawAttribute(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      return create(content);
-    }
-    public bool is_RawAttribute { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content {
-      get {
-        return this._content;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ToStringMultiple(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      return RAST.__default.SeqToString<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(attributes, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_837_ind) => ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_838_attribute) => {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_838_attribute), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), _837_ind);
-      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IStruct {
-    bool is_Struct { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_typeParams { get; }
-    RAST._IFormals dtor_fields { get; }
-    _IStruct DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public class Struct : _IStruct {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _attributes;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _typeParams;
-    public readonly RAST._IFormals _fields;
-    public Struct(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, RAST._IFormals fields) {
-      this._attributes = attributes;
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._fields = fields;
-    }
-    public _IStruct DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IStruct dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Struct(_attributes, _name, _typeParams, _fields);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Struct;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._fields, oth._fields);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fields));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Struct.Struct";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fields);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IStruct theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, RAST.Formals.Default());
-    public static RAST._IStruct Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IStruct> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IStruct>(RAST.Struct.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IStruct> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IStruct create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, RAST._IFormals fields) {
-      return new Struct(attributes, name, typeParams, fields);
-    }
-    public static _IStruct create_Struct(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, RAST._IFormals fields) {
-      return create(attributes, name, typeParams, fields);
-    }
-    public bool is_Struct { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes {
-      get {
-        return this._attributes;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_typeParams {
-      get {
-        return this._typeParams;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IFormals dtor_fields {
-      get {
-        return this._fields;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Attribute.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_attributes, ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub struct ")), (this).dtor_name), RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_typeParams, ind)), ((this).dtor_fields)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND), ((this).dtor_fields).is_NamedFormals)), ((((this).dtor_fields).is_NamelessFormals) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))));
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IFormals {
-    bool is_NamedFormals { get; }
-    bool is_NamelessFormals { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> dtor_fields { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> dtor_types { get; }
-    _IFormals DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind, bool newLine);
-  }
-  public abstract class Formals : _IFormals {
-    public Formals() {
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IFormals theDefault = create_NamedFormals(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Empty);
-    public static RAST._IFormals Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFormals> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFormals>(RAST.Formals.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFormals> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IFormals create_NamedFormals(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> fields) {
-      return new Formals_NamedFormals(fields);
-    }
-    public static _IFormals create_NamelessFormals(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> types) {
-      return new Formals_NamelessFormals(types);
-    }
-    public bool is_NamedFormals { get { return this is Formals_NamedFormals; } }
-    public bool is_NamelessFormals { get { return this is Formals_NamelessFormals; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> dtor_fields {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Formals_NamedFormals)d)._fields;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> dtor_types {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Formals_NamelessFormals)d)._types;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IFormals DowncastClone();
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind, bool newLine) {
-      if ((this).is_NamedFormals) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _839_separator = ((newLine) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(",\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")));
-        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs40 = (((newLine) && ((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_fields).Count)).Sign == 1)) ? (_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind))) : ((((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_fields).Count)).Sign == 1) ? (_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "))) : (_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))))));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _840_beginSpace = _let_tmp_rhs40.dtor__0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _841_endSpace = _let_tmp_rhs40.dtor__1;
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {"), _840_beginSpace), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IFormal>((this).dtor_fields, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IFormal, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_842_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IFormal, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_843_field) => {
-          return (_843_field)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_842_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
-        })))(ind), _839_separator)), _841_endSpace), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-      } else {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _844_separator = ((newLine) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(",\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")));
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IType>((this).dtor_types, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_845_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_846_t) => {
-          return (_846_t)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_845_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
-        })))(ind), _844_separator)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  public class Formals_NamedFormals : Formals {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _fields;
-    public Formals_NamedFormals(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> fields) : base() {
-      this._fields = fields;
-    }
-    public override _IFormals DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IFormals dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Formals_NamedFormals(_fields);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Formals_NamedFormals;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._fields, oth._fields);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fields));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Formals.NamedFormals";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fields);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Formals_NamelessFormals : Formals {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _types;
-    public Formals_NamelessFormals(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> types) : base() {
-      this._types = types;
-    }
-    public override _IFormals DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IFormals dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Formals_NamelessFormals(_types);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Formals_NamelessFormals;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._types, oth._types);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._types));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Formals.NamelessFormals";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._types);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IEnumCase {
-    bool is_EnumCase { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    RAST._IFormals dtor_fields { get; }
-    _IEnumCase DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind, bool newLine);
-  }
-  public class EnumCase : _IEnumCase {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly RAST._IFormals _fields;
-    public EnumCase(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IFormals fields) {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._fields = fields;
-    }
-    public _IEnumCase DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IEnumCase dt) { return dt; }
-      return new EnumCase(_name, _fields);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.EnumCase;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._fields, oth._fields);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fields));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.EnumCase.EnumCase";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fields);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IEnumCase theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, RAST.Formals.Default());
-    public static RAST._IEnumCase Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnumCase> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnumCase>(RAST.EnumCase.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnumCase> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IEnumCase create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IFormals fields) {
-      return new EnumCase(name, fields);
-    }
-    public static _IEnumCase create_EnumCase(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IFormals fields) {
-      return create(name, fields);
-    }
-    public bool is_EnumCase { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IFormals dtor_fields {
-      get {
-        return this._fields;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind, bool newLine) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((this).dtor_name, ((this).dtor_fields)._ToString(ind, newLine));
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IEnum {
-    bool is_Enum { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_typeParams { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> dtor_variants { get; }
-    _IEnum DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public class Enum : _IEnum {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _attributes;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _typeParams;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> _variants;
-    public Enum(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> variants) {
-      this._attributes = attributes;
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._variants = variants;
-    }
-    public _IEnum DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IEnum dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Enum(_attributes, _name, _typeParams, _variants);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Enum;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._variants, oth._variants);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._variants));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Enum.Enum";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._variants);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IEnum theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.Empty);
-    public static RAST._IEnum Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnum> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnum>(RAST.Enum.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnum> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IEnum create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> variants) {
-      return new Enum(attributes, name, typeParams, variants);
-    }
-    public static _IEnum create_Enum(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> variants) {
-      return create(attributes, name, typeParams, variants);
-    }
-    public bool is_Enum { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes {
-      get {
-        return this._attributes;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_typeParams {
-      get {
-        return this._typeParams;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> dtor_variants {
-      get {
-        return this._variants;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Attribute.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_attributes, ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub enum ")), (this).dtor_name), RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_typeParams, ind)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IEnumCase>((this).dtor_variants, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IEnumCase, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_847_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IEnumCase, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_848_variant) => {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _847_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_848_variant)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_847_ind, RAST.__default.IND), false));
-      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _ITypeParam {
-    bool is_RawTypeParam { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content { get; }
-  }
-  public class TypeParam : _ITypeParam {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _content;
-    public TypeParam(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      this._content = content;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DowncastClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this) {
-      return _this;
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.TypeParam;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._content, oth._content);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._content));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.TypeParam.RawTypeParam";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._content.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> theDefault = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _ITypeParam create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      return new TypeParam(content);
-    }
-    public static _ITypeParam create_RawTypeParam(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      return create(content);
-    }
-    public bool is_RawTypeParam { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content {
-      get {
-        return this._content;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ToStringMultiple(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      if ((new BigInteger((typeParams).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      } else {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), RAST.__default.SeqToString<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(typeParams, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_849_ind) => ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_850_t) => {
-          return RAST.TypeParam._ToString(_850_t, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_849_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
-        })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      return (_this);
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IType {
-    bool is_Self { get; }
-    bool is_SelfOwned { get; }
-    bool is_SelfMut { get; }
-    bool is_RawType { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content { get; }
-    _IType DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public abstract class Type : _IType {
-    public Type() {
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IType theDefault = create_Self();
-    public static RAST._IType Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IType>(RAST.Type.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IType> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IType create_Self() {
-      return new Type_Self();
-    }
-    public static _IType create_SelfOwned() {
-      return new Type_SelfOwned();
-    }
-    public static _IType create_SelfMut() {
-      return new Type_SelfMut();
-    }
-    public static _IType create_RawType(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      return new Type_RawType(content);
-    }
-    public bool is_Self { get { return this is Type_Self; } }
-    public bool is_SelfOwned { get { return this is Type_SelfOwned; } }
-    public bool is_SelfMut { get { return this is Type_SelfMut; } }
-    public bool is_RawType { get { return this is Type_RawType; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Type_RawType)d)._content;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IType DowncastClone();
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      if ((this).is_Self) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&Self");
-      } else if ((this).is_SelfOwned) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Self");
-      } else if ((this).is_SelfMut) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut Self");
-      } else {
-        return (this).dtor_content;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_Self : Type {
-    public Type_Self() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_Self();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Type_Self;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Type.Self";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_SelfOwned : Type {
-    public Type_SelfOwned() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_SelfOwned();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Type_SelfOwned;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Type.SelfOwned";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_SelfMut : Type {
-    public Type_SelfMut() : base() {
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_SelfMut();
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Type_SelfMut;
-      return oth != null;
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Type.SelfMut";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Type_RawType : Type {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _content;
-    public Type_RawType(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) : base() {
-      this._content = content;
-    }
-    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Type_RawType(_content);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Type_RawType;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._content, oth._content);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._content));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Type.RawType";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._content.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _ITrait {
-    bool is_Trait { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_typeParams { get; }
-    RAST._IType dtor_tpe { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_where { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> dtor_body { get; }
-    _ITrait DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public class Trait : _ITrait {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _typeParams;
-    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _where;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _body;
-    public Trait(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) {
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._tpe = tpe;
-      this._where = @where;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public _ITrait DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _ITrait dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Trait(_typeParams, _tpe, _where, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Trait;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe) && object.Equals(this._where, oth._where) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._where));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Trait.Trait";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._where.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._ITrait theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, RAST.Type.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Empty);
-    public static RAST._ITrait Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITrait> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITrait>(RAST.Trait.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITrait> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _ITrait create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) {
-      return new Trait(typeParams, tpe, @where, body);
-    }
-    public static _ITrait create_Trait(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) {
-      return create(typeParams, tpe, @where, body);
-    }
-    public bool is_Trait { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_typeParams {
-      get {
-        return this._typeParams;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IType dtor_tpe {
-      get {
-        return this._tpe;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_where {
-      get {
-        return this._where;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        return this._body;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("trait "), RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_typeParams, ind)), ((this).dtor_tpe)._ToString(ind)), ((!((this).dtor_where).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (this).dtor_where)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IImplMember>((this).dtor_body, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IImplMember, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_851_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IImplMember, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_852_member) => {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _851_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_852_member)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_851_ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
-      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), (((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_body).Count)).Sign == 0) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind)))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IImpl {
-    bool is_ImplFor { get; }
-    bool is_Impl { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_typeParams { get; }
-    RAST._IType dtor_tpe { get; }
-    RAST._IType dtor_forType { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_where { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> dtor_body { get; }
-    _IImpl DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public abstract class Impl : _IImpl {
-    public Impl() {
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IImpl theDefault = create_ImplFor(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, RAST.Type.Default(), RAST.Type.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Empty);
-    public static RAST._IImpl Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImpl> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImpl>(RAST.Impl.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImpl> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IImpl create_ImplFor(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, RAST._IType forType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) {
-      return new Impl_ImplFor(typeParams, tpe, forType, @where, body);
-    }
-    public static _IImpl create_Impl(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) {
-      return new Impl_Impl(typeParams, tpe, @where, body);
-    }
-    public bool is_ImplFor { get { return this is Impl_ImplFor; } }
-    public bool is_Impl { get { return this is Impl_Impl; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_typeParams {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Impl_ImplFor) { return ((Impl_ImplFor)d)._typeParams; }
-        return ((Impl_Impl)d)._typeParams;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IType dtor_tpe {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Impl_ImplFor) { return ((Impl_ImplFor)d)._tpe; }
-        return ((Impl_Impl)d)._tpe;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IType dtor_forType {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Impl_ImplFor)d)._forType;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_where {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Impl_ImplFor) { return ((Impl_ImplFor)d)._where; }
-        return ((Impl_Impl)d)._where;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        if (d is Impl_ImplFor) { return ((Impl_ImplFor)d)._body; }
-        return ((Impl_Impl)d)._body;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IImpl DowncastClone();
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("impl "), RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_typeParams, ind)), ((this).dtor_tpe)._ToString(ind)), (((this).is_ImplFor) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" for "), ((this).dtor_forType)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), ((!((this).dtor_where).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (this).dtor_where)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IImplMember>((this).dtor_body, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IImplMember, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_853_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IImplMember, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_854_member) => {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _853_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_854_member)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_853_ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
-      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), (((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_body).Count)).Sign == 0) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind)))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-    }
-  }
-  public class Impl_ImplFor : Impl {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _typeParams;
-    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
-    public readonly RAST._IType _forType;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _where;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _body;
-    public Impl_ImplFor(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, RAST._IType forType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) : base() {
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._tpe = tpe;
-      this._forType = forType;
-      this._where = @where;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public override _IImpl DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IImpl dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Impl_ImplFor(_typeParams, _tpe, _forType, _where, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Impl_ImplFor;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe) && object.Equals(this._forType, oth._forType) && object.Equals(this._where, oth._where) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._forType));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._where));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Impl.ImplFor";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._forType);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._where.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Impl_Impl : Impl {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _typeParams;
-    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _where;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _body;
-    public Impl_Impl(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) : base() {
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._tpe = tpe;
-      this._where = @where;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public override _IImpl DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IImpl dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Impl_Impl(_typeParams, _tpe, _where, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Impl_Impl;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe) && object.Equals(this._where, oth._where) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._where));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Impl.Impl";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._where.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IImplMember {
-    bool is_RawImplMember { get; }
-    bool is_FnDecl { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content { get; }
-    byte dtor_pub { get; }
-    RAST._IFn dtor_fun { get; }
-    _IImplMember DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public abstract class ImplMember : _IImplMember {
-    public ImplMember() {
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IImplMember theDefault = create_RawImplMember(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
-    public static RAST._IImplMember Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImplMember> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImplMember>(RAST.ImplMember.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImplMember> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IImplMember create_RawImplMember(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      return new ImplMember_RawImplMember(content);
-    }
-    public static _IImplMember create_FnDecl(byte pub, RAST._IFn fun) {
-      return new ImplMember_FnDecl(pub, fun);
-    }
-    public bool is_RawImplMember { get { return this is ImplMember_RawImplMember; } }
-    public bool is_FnDecl { get { return this is ImplMember_FnDecl; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ImplMember_RawImplMember)d)._content;
-      }
-    }
-    public byte dtor_pub {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ImplMember_FnDecl)d)._pub;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IFn dtor_fun {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((ImplMember_FnDecl)d)._fun;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IImplMember DowncastClone();
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      if ((this).is_FnDecl) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((((this).dtor_pub) == (RAST.__default.PUB)) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub ")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), ((this).dtor_fun)._ToString(ind));
-      } else {
-        return (this).dtor_content;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-  public class ImplMember_RawImplMember : ImplMember {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _content;
-    public ImplMember_RawImplMember(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) : base() {
-      this._content = content;
-    }
-    public override _IImplMember DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IImplMember dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ImplMember_RawImplMember(_content);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.ImplMember_RawImplMember;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._content, oth._content);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._content));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.ImplMember.RawImplMember";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._content.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class ImplMember_FnDecl : ImplMember {
-    public readonly byte _pub;
-    public readonly RAST._IFn _fun;
-    public ImplMember_FnDecl(byte pub, RAST._IFn fun) : base() {
-      this._pub = pub;
-      this._fun = fun;
-    }
-    public override _IImplMember DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IImplMember dt) { return dt; }
-      return new ImplMember_FnDecl(_pub, _fun);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.ImplMember_FnDecl;
-      return oth != null && this._pub == oth._pub && object.Equals(this._fun, oth._fun);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._pub));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fun));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.ImplMember.FnDecl";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._pub);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fun);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public partial class VISIBILITY {
-    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<byte> IntegerRange(BigInteger lo, BigInteger hi) {
-      for (var j = lo; j < hi; j++) { yield return (byte)j; }
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<byte> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<byte>(0);
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<byte> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static bool _Is(byte __source) {
-      BigInteger _855_x = new BigInteger(__source);
-      return ((_855_x).Sign != -1) && ((_855_x) < (new BigInteger(2)));
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IFormal {
-    bool is_Formal { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    RAST._IType dtor_tpe { get; }
-    _IFormal DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public class Formal : _IFormal {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
-    public Formal(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe) {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._tpe = tpe;
-    }
-    public _IFormal DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IFormal dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Formal(_name, _tpe);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Formal;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Formal.Formal";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IFormal theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, RAST.Type.Default());
-    public static RAST._IFormal Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFormal> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFormal>(RAST.Formal.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFormal> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IFormal create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe) {
-      return new Formal(name, tpe);
-    }
-    public static _IFormal create_Formal(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe) {
-      return create(name, tpe);
-    }
-    public bool is_Formal { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IType dtor_tpe {
-      get {
-        return this._tpe;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      if ((((this).dtor_name).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"))) && (((this).dtor_tpe).is_SelfOwned)) {
-        return (this).dtor_name;
-      } else if ((((this).dtor_name).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&self"))) && (((this).dtor_tpe).is_Self)) {
-        return (this).dtor_name;
-      } else if ((((this).dtor_name).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut self"))) && (((this).dtor_tpe).is_SelfMut)) {
-        return (this).dtor_name;
-      } else {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((this).dtor_name, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), ((this).dtor_tpe)._ToString(ind));
-      }
-    }
-    public static RAST._IFormal self {
-      get {
-        return RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&self"), RAST.Type.create_Self());
-      }
-    }
-    public static RAST._IFormal selfOwned {
-      get {
-        return RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"), RAST.Type.create_SelfOwned());
-      }
-    }
-    public static RAST._IFormal selfMut {
-      get {
-        return RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut self"), RAST.Type.create_SelfMut());
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IPattern {
-    bool is_RawPattern { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content { get; }
-  }
-  public class Pattern : _IPattern {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _content;
-    public Pattern(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      this._content = content;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DowncastClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this) {
-      return _this;
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Pattern;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._content, oth._content);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._content));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Pattern.RawPattern";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._content.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> theDefault = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IPattern create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      return new Pattern(content);
-    }
-    public static _IPattern create_RawPattern(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      return create(content);
-    }
-    public bool is_RawPattern { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content {
-      get {
-        return this._content;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      return (_this);
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IMatchCase {
-    bool is_MatchCase { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_pattern { get; }
-    RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs { get; }
-    _IMatchCase DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public class MatchCase : _IMatchCase {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _pattern;
-    public readonly RAST._IExpr _rhs;
-    public MatchCase(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> pattern, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
-      this._pattern = pattern;
-      this._rhs = rhs;
-    }
-    public _IMatchCase DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IMatchCase dt) { return dt; }
-      return new MatchCase(_pattern, _rhs);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.MatchCase;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._pattern, oth._pattern) && object.Equals(this._rhs, oth._rhs);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._pattern));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._rhs));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.MatchCase.MatchCase";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._pattern);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._rhs);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IMatchCase theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, RAST.Expr.Default());
-    public static RAST._IMatchCase Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMatchCase> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMatchCase>(RAST.MatchCase.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMatchCase> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IMatchCase create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> pattern, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
-      return new MatchCase(pattern, rhs);
-    }
-    public static _IMatchCase create_MatchCase(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> pattern, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
-      return create(pattern, rhs);
-    }
-    public bool is_MatchCase { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_pattern {
-      get {
-        return this._pattern;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs {
-      get {
-        return this._rhs;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _856_newIndent = ((((this).dtor_rhs).is_Block) ? (ind) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _857_rhsString = ((this).dtor_rhs)._ToString(_856_newIndent);
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Pattern._ToString((this).dtor_pattern, ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" =>")), ((((_857_rhsString).Contains(new Dafny.Rune('\n'))) && (((_857_rhsString).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) != (new Dafny.Rune('{')))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), _857_rhsString)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "), _857_rhsString))));
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IAssignIdentifier {
-    bool is_AssignIdentifier { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_identifier { get; }
-    RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs { get; }
-    _IAssignIdentifier DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public class AssignIdentifier : _IAssignIdentifier {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _identifier;
-    public readonly RAST._IExpr _rhs;
-    public AssignIdentifier(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> identifier, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
-      this._identifier = identifier;
-      this._rhs = rhs;
-    }
-    public _IAssignIdentifier DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IAssignIdentifier dt) { return dt; }
-      return new AssignIdentifier(_identifier, _rhs);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.AssignIdentifier;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._identifier, oth._identifier) && object.Equals(this._rhs, oth._rhs);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._identifier));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._rhs));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.AssignIdentifier.AssignIdentifier";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._identifier.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._rhs);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IAssignIdentifier theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, RAST.Expr.Default());
-    public static RAST._IAssignIdentifier Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>(RAST.AssignIdentifier.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IAssignIdentifier create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> identifier, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
-      return new AssignIdentifier(identifier, rhs);
-    }
-    public static _IAssignIdentifier create_AssignIdentifier(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> identifier, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
-      return create(identifier, rhs);
-    }
-    public bool is_AssignIdentifier { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_identifier {
-      get {
-        return this._identifier;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs {
-      get {
-        return this._rhs;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((this).dtor_identifier, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), ((this).dtor_rhs)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IExpr {
-    bool is_RawExpr { get; }
-    bool is_Match { get; }
-    bool is_StmtExpr { get; }
-    bool is_Block { get; }
-    bool is_StructBuild { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content { get; }
-    RAST._IExpr dtor_matchee { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> dtor_cases { get; }
-    RAST._IExpr dtor_stmt { get; }
-    RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs { get; }
-    RAST._IExpr dtor_underlying { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> dtor_assignments { get; }
-    _IExpr DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-    RAST._IExpr Then(RAST._IExpr rhs2);
-  }
-  public abstract class Expr : _IExpr {
-    public Expr() {
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IExpr theDefault = create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
-    public static RAST._IExpr Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IExpr> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IExpr>(RAST.Expr.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IExpr> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IExpr create_RawExpr(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
-      return new Expr_RawExpr(content);
-    }
-    public static _IExpr create_Match(RAST._IExpr matchee, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> cases) {
-      return new Expr_Match(matchee, cases);
-    }
-    public static _IExpr create_StmtExpr(RAST._IExpr stmt, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
-      return new Expr_StmtExpr(stmt, rhs);
-    }
-    public static _IExpr create_Block(RAST._IExpr underlying) {
-      return new Expr_Block(underlying);
-    }
-    public static _IExpr create_StructBuild(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> assignments) {
-      return new Expr_StructBuild(name, assignments);
-    }
-    public bool is_RawExpr { get { return this is Expr_RawExpr; } }
-    public bool is_Match { get { return this is Expr_Match; } }
-    public bool is_StmtExpr { get { return this is Expr_StmtExpr; } }
-    public bool is_Block { get { return this is Expr_Block; } }
-    public bool is_StructBuild { get { return this is Expr_StructBuild; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expr_RawExpr)d)._content;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IExpr dtor_matchee {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expr_Match)d)._matchee;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> dtor_cases {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expr_Match)d)._cases;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IExpr dtor_stmt {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expr_StmtExpr)d)._stmt;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expr_StmtExpr)d)._rhs;
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IExpr dtor_underlying {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expr_Block)d)._underlying;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expr_StructBuild)d)._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> dtor_assignments {
-      get {
-        var d = this;
-        return ((Expr_StructBuild)d)._assignments;
-      }
-    }
-    public abstract _IExpr DowncastClone();
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      if ((this).is_Match) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("match "), ((this).dtor_matchee)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IMatchCase>((this).dtor_cases, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IMatchCase, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_858_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IMatchCase, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_859_c) => {
-          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _858_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_859_c)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_858_ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
-        })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-      } else if ((this).is_StmtExpr) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((this).dtor_stmt)._ToString(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";\n")), ind), ((this).dtor_rhs)._ToString(ind));
-      } else if ((this).is_Block) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), ((this).dtor_underlying)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-      } else if ((this).is_StructBuild) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((this).dtor_name, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>((this).dtor_assignments, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IAssignIdentifier, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_860_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IAssignIdentifier, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_861_assignment) => {
-          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _860_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_861_assignment)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_860_ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
-        })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","))), (((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_assignments).Count)).Sign == 1) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-      } else {
-        return RAST.__default.AddIndent((this).dtor_content, ind);
-      }
-    }
-    public RAST._IExpr Then(RAST._IExpr rhs2) {
-      return RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(this, rhs2);
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expr_RawExpr : Expr {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _content;
-    public Expr_RawExpr(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) : base() {
-      this._content = content;
-    }
-    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expr_RawExpr(_content);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_RawExpr;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._content, oth._content);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._content));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Expr.RawExpr";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._content.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expr_Match : Expr {
-    public readonly RAST._IExpr _matchee;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> _cases;
-    public Expr_Match(RAST._IExpr matchee, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> cases) : base() {
-      this._matchee = matchee;
-      this._cases = cases;
-    }
-    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expr_Match(_matchee, _cases);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Match;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._matchee, oth._matchee) && object.Equals(this._cases, oth._cases);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._matchee));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._cases));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Expr.Match";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._matchee);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._cases);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expr_StmtExpr : Expr {
-    public readonly RAST._IExpr _stmt;
-    public readonly RAST._IExpr _rhs;
-    public Expr_StmtExpr(RAST._IExpr stmt, RAST._IExpr rhs) : base() {
-      this._stmt = stmt;
-      this._rhs = rhs;
-    }
-    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expr_StmtExpr(_stmt, _rhs);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_StmtExpr;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._stmt, oth._stmt) && object.Equals(this._rhs, oth._rhs);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._stmt));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._rhs));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Expr.StmtExpr";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._stmt);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._rhs);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expr_Block : Expr {
-    public readonly RAST._IExpr _underlying;
-    public Expr_Block(RAST._IExpr underlying) : base() {
-      this._underlying = underlying;
-    }
-    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expr_Block(_underlying);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Block;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Expr.Block";
-      s += "(";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-  public class Expr_StructBuild : Expr {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _assignments;
-    public Expr_StructBuild(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> assignments) : base() {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._assignments = assignments;
-    }
-    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Expr_StructBuild(_name, _assignments);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_StructBuild;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._assignments, oth._assignments);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._assignments));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Expr.StructBuild";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._assignments);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-
-  public interface _IFn {
-    bool is_Fn { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_typeParams { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> dtor_formals { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> dtor_returnType { get; }
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_where { get; }
-    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> dtor_body { get; }
-    _IFn DowncastClone();
-    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
-  }
-  public class Fn : _IFn {
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _typeParams;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _formals;
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _returnType;
-    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _where;
-    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _body;
-    public Fn(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> formals, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> returnType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> body) {
-      this._name = name;
-      this._typeParams = typeParams;
-      this._formals = formals;
-      this._returnType = returnType;
-      this._where = @where;
-      this._body = body;
-    }
-    public _IFn DowncastClone() {
-      if (this is _IFn dt) { return dt; }
-      return new Fn(_name, _typeParams, _formals, _returnType, _where, _body);
-    }
-    public override bool Equals(object other) {
-      var oth = other as RAST.Fn;
-      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._formals, oth._formals) && object.Equals(this._returnType, oth._returnType) && object.Equals(this._where, oth._where) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
-    }
-    public override int GetHashCode() {
-      ulong hash = 5381;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._formals));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._returnType));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._where));
-      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
-      return (int)hash;
-    }
-    public override string ToString() {
-      string s = "RAST.Fn.Fn";
-      s += "(";
-      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._formals);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._returnType);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += this._where.ToVerbatimString(true);
-      s += ", ";
-      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
-      s += ")";
-      return s;
-    }
-    private static readonly RAST._IFn theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Empty, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.Default());
-    public static RAST._IFn Default() {
-      return theDefault;
-    }
-    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFn> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFn>(RAST.Fn.Default());
-    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFn> _TypeDescriptor() {
-      return _TYPE;
-    }
-    public static _IFn create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> formals, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> returnType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> body) {
-      return new Fn(name, typeParams, formals, returnType, @where, body);
-    }
-    public static _IFn create_Fn(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> formals, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> returnType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> body) {
-      return create(name, typeParams, formals, returnType, @where, body);
-    }
-    public bool is_Fn { get { return true; } }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
-      get {
-        return this._name;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_typeParams {
-      get {
-        return this._typeParams;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> dtor_formals {
-      get {
-        return this._formals;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> dtor_returnType {
-      get {
-        return this._returnType;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_where {
-      get {
-        return this._where;
-      }
-    }
-    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> dtor_body {
-      get {
-        return this._body;
-      }
-    }
-    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
-      var _pat_let_tv4 = ind;
-      var _pat_let_tv5 = ind;
-      var _pat_let_tv6 = ind;
-      var _pat_let_tv7 = ind;
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fn "), (this).dtor_name), RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_typeParams, ind)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IFormal>((this).dtor_formals, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IFormal, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_862_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IFormal, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_863_formal) => {
-        return (_863_formal)._ToString(_862_ind);
-      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), ((System.Func<Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_source26) => {
-        if (_source26.is_None) {
-          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-        } else {
-          RAST._IType _864___mcc_h0 = _source26.dtor_value;
-          RAST._IType _865_t = _864___mcc_h0;
-          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" -> "), (_865_t)._ToString(_pat_let_tv4));
-        }
-      }))((this).dtor_returnType)), ((((this).dtor_where).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (this).dtor_where)))), ((System.Func<Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_source27) => {
-        if (_source27.is_None) {
-          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";");
-        } else {
-          RAST._IExpr _866___mcc_h2 = _source27.dtor_value;
-          RAST._IExpr _867_body = _866___mcc_h2;
-          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {\n"), _pat_let_tv5), RAST.__default.IND), (_867_body)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_pat_let_tv6, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), _pat_let_tv7), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-        }
-      }))((this).dtor_body));
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace RAST
-namespace DCOMP {
-
-  public partial class __default {
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> runtime(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> suffix) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime"), suffix);
-    }
-    public static bool is__tuple__numeric(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
-      return ((((new BigInteger((i).Count)) >= (new BigInteger(2))) && (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('_')))) && ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789")).Contains((i).Select(BigInteger.One)))) && (((new BigInteger((i).Count)) == (new BigInteger(2))) || (((new BigInteger((i).Count)) == (new BigInteger(3))) && ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789")).Contains((i).Select(new BigInteger(2))))));
-    }
-    public static bool has__special(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((i).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return false;
-      } else if (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('.'))) {
-        return true;
-      } else if (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('#'))) {
-        return true;
-      } else if (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('_'))) {
-        if ((new BigInteger(2)) <= (new BigInteger((i).Count))) {
-          if (((i).Select(BigInteger.One)) != (new Dafny.Rune('_'))) {
-            return true;
-          } else {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in111 = (i).Drop(new BigInteger(2));
-            i = _in111;
-            goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-          }
-        } else {
-          return true;
-        }
-      } else {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in112 = (i).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        i = _in112;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> idiomatic__rust(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _868___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((i).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_868___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
-      } else if (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('_'))) {
-        _868___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_868___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_"));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in113 = (i).Drop(new BigInteger(2));
-        i = _in113;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      } else {
-        _868___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_868___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in114 = (i).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        i = _in114;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> replaceDots(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _869___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
-    TAIL_CALL_START:;
-      if ((new BigInteger((i).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_869___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
-      } else if (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('.'))) {
-        _869___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_869___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_d"));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in115 = (i).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        i = _in115;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      } else {
-        _869___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_869___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in116 = (i).Drop(BigInteger.One);
-        i = _in116;
-        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
-      }
-    }
-    public static bool is__tuple__builder(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
-      return ((((new BigInteger((i).Count)) >= (new BigInteger(9))) && (((i).Take(new BigInteger(8))).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("___hMake")))) && ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789")).Contains((i).Select(new BigInteger(8))))) && (((new BigInteger((i).Count)) == (new BigInteger(9))) || (((new BigInteger((i).Count)) == (new BigInteger(10))) && ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789")).Contains((i).Select(new BigInteger(9))))));
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> better__tuple__builder__name(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
-      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_T"), (i).Drop(new BigInteger(8)));
-    }
-    public static bool is__dafny__generated__id(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
-      return ((((new BigInteger((i).Count)).Sign == 1) && (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('_')))) && (!(DCOMP.__default.has__special((i).Drop(BigInteger.One))))) && (!((new BigInteger((i).Count)) >= (new BigInteger(2))) || (((i).Select(BigInteger.One)) != (new Dafny.Rune('T'))));
-    }
-    public static bool is__idiomatic__rust(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
-      return (((new BigInteger((i).Count)).Sign == 1) && (!(DCOMP.__default.has__special(i)))) && (!(DCOMP.__default.reserved__rust).Contains(i));
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> escapeIdent(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
-      if (DCOMP.__default.is__tuple__numeric(i)) {
-        return i;
-      } else if (DCOMP.__default.is__tuple__builder(i)) {
-        return DCOMP.__default.better__tuple__builder__name(i);
-      } else if ((DCOMP.__default.reserved__rust).Contains(i)) {
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("r#"), i);
-      } else if (DCOMP.__default.is__idiomatic__rust(i)) {
-        return DCOMP.__default.idiomatic__rust(i);
-      } else if (DCOMP.__default.is__dafny__generated__id(i)) {
-        return i;
-      } else {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _870_r = DCOMP.__default.replaceDots(i);
-        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("r#_"), _870_r);
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DafnyErasable {
-      get {
-        return DCOMP.__default.runtime(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::DafnyErasable"));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> reserved__rust {
-      get {
-        return Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("as"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("async"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("await"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("break"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("const"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("continue"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("crate"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("dyn"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("else"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("enum"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("extern"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("false"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fn"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("for"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("if"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("impl"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("in"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("loop"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("match"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("mod"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("move"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("mut"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("ref"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Self"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("static"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("struct"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("super"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("trait"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("true"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("type"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("union"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unsafe"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("use"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("where"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("while"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Keywords"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("The"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abstract"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("become"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("box"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("do"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("final"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("macro"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("override"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("priv"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("try"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("typeof"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unsized"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("virtual"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("yield"));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> IND {
-      get {
-        return RAST.__default.IND;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  public partial class COMP {
-    public COMP() {
-    }
-    public static RAST._IMod GenModule(DAST._IModule mod, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> containingPath) {
-      RAST._IMod s = RAST.Mod.Default();
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _871_body;
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _out15;
-      _out15 = DCOMP.COMP.GenModuleBody((mod).dtor_body, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(containingPath, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((mod).dtor_name)));
-      _871_body = _out15;
-      s = (((mod).dtor_isExtern) ? (RAST.Mod.create_ExternMod(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((mod).dtor_name))) : (RAST.Mod.create_Mod(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((mod).dtor_name), _871_body)));
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> GenModuleBody(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem> body, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> containingPath) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements();
-      BigInteger _872_i;
-      _872_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_872_i) < (new BigInteger((body).Count))) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _873_generated = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
-        DAST._IModuleItem _source28 = (body).Select(_872_i);
-        if (_source28.is_Module) {
-          DAST._IModule _874___mcc_h0 = _source28.dtor_Module_a0;
-          DAST._IModule _875_m = _874___mcc_h0;
-          RAST._IMod _876_mm;
-          RAST._IMod _out16;
-          _out16 = DCOMP.COMP.GenModule(_875_m, containingPath);
-          _876_mm = _out16;
-          _873_generated = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ModDecl(_876_mm));
-        } else if (_source28.is_Class) {
-          DAST._IClass _877___mcc_h1 = _source28.dtor_Class_a0;
-          DAST._IClass _878_c = _877___mcc_h1;
-          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _out17;
-          _out17 = DCOMP.COMP.GenClass(_878_c, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(containingPath, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((_878_c).dtor_name)));
-          _873_generated = _out17;
-        } else if (_source28.is_Trait) {
-          DAST._ITrait _879___mcc_h2 = _source28.dtor_Trait_a0;
-          DAST._ITrait _880_t = _879___mcc_h2;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _881_tt;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out18;
-          _out18 = DCOMP.COMP.GenTrait(_880_t, containingPath);
-          _881_tt = _out18;
-          _873_generated = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_RawDecl(_881_tt));
-        } else if (_source28.is_Newtype) {
-          DAST._INewtype _882___mcc_h3 = _source28.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-          DAST._INewtype _883_n = _882___mcc_h3;
-          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _out19;
-          _out19 = DCOMP.COMP.GenNewtype(_883_n);
-          _873_generated = _out19;
-        } else {
-          DAST._IDatatype _884___mcc_h4 = _source28.dtor_Datatype_a0;
-          DAST._IDatatype _885_d = _884___mcc_h4;
-          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _out20;
-          _out20 = DCOMP.COMP.GenDatatype(_885_d);
-          _873_generated = _out20;
-        }
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, _873_generated);
-        _872_i = (_872_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static void GenTypeParameters(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> @params, out Dafny.ISet<DAST._IType> typeParamsSet, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> typeParams, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> constrainedTypeParams, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> whereConstraints, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> constrainedEraseParams, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> unerasedParams, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> erasedParams) {
-      typeParamsSet = Dafny.Set<DAST._IType>.Empty;
-      typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
-      constrainedTypeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
-      whereConstraints = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      constrainedEraseParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
-      unerasedParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      erasedParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      typeParamsSet = Dafny.Set<DAST._IType>.FromElements();
-      typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-      constrainedTypeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-      whereConstraints = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      constrainedEraseParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-      unerasedParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      erasedParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      BigInteger _886_tpI;
-      _886_tpI = BigInteger.Zero;
-      if ((new BigInteger((@params).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-        whereConstraints = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" where ");
-        unerasedParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<");
-        erasedParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<");
-        while ((_886_tpI) < (new BigInteger((@params).Count))) {
-          DAST._IType _887_tp;
-          _887_tp = (@params).Select(_886_tpI);
-          typeParamsSet = Dafny.Set<DAST._IType>.Union(typeParamsSet, Dafny.Set<DAST._IType>.FromElements(_887_tp));
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _888_genTp;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out21;
-          _out21 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_887_tp, false, false);
-          _888_genTp = _out21;
-          typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(typeParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_888_genTp));
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _889_baseConstraints;
-          _889_baseConstraints = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable + ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<"), _888_genTp), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("> + Clone + ::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint + ::std::default::Default"));
-          constrainedTypeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(constrainedTypeParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_888_genTp, _889_baseConstraints), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" + 'static"))));
-          whereConstraints = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(whereConstraints, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<")), _888_genTp), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable>::Erased: ::std::cmp::PartialEq")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-          constrainedEraseParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(constrainedEraseParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_888_genTp, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("__Erased")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _888_genTp), _889_baseConstraints), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" + ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<")), _888_genTp), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("__Erased> + 'static"))));
-          unerasedParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(unerasedParams, _888_genTp), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("__Erased")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-          erasedParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(erasedParams, _888_genTp), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::Erased")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-          _886_tpI = (_886_tpI) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-        unerasedParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(unerasedParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-        erasedParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(erasedParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> GenClass(DAST._IClass c, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
-      Dafny.ISet<DAST._IType> _890_typeParamsSet;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _891_sTypeParams;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _892_sConstrainedTypeParams;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _893_whereConstraints;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _894_constrainedEraseParams;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _895_unerasedParams;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _896_erasedParams;
-      Dafny.ISet<DAST._IType> _out22;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out23;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out24;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out25;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out26;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out27;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out28;
-      DCOMP.COMP.GenTypeParameters((c).dtor_typeParams, out _out22, out _out23, out _out24, out _out25, out _out26, out _out27, out _out28);
-      _890_typeParamsSet = _out22;
-      _891_sTypeParams = _out23;
-      _892_sConstrainedTypeParams = _out24;
-      _893_whereConstraints = _out25;
-      _894_constrainedEraseParams = _out26;
-      _895_unerasedParams = _out27;
-      _896_erasedParams = _out28;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _897_constrainedTypeParams;
-      _897_constrainedTypeParams = RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(_892_sConstrainedTypeParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.__default.IND, RAST.__default.IND));
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _898_fields;
-      _898_fields = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements();
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _899_fieldInits;
-      _899_fieldInits = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements();
-      BigInteger _900_fieldI;
-      _900_fieldI = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_900_fieldI) < (new BigInteger(((c).dtor_fields).Count))) {
-        DAST._IField _901_field;
-        _901_field = ((c).dtor_fields).Select(_900_fieldI);
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _902_fieldType;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out29;
-        _out29 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(((_901_field).dtor_formal).dtor_typ, false, false);
-        _902_fieldType = _out29;
-        _898_fields = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(_898_fields, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub "), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(((_901_field).dtor_formal).dtor_name)), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::cell::RefCell<"), _902_fieldType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"))))));
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _source29 = (_901_field).dtor_defaultValue;
-        if (_source29.is_None) {
-          {
-            _899_fieldInits = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_899_fieldInits, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(((_901_field).dtor_formal).dtor_name), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::cell::RefCell::new(::std::default::Default::default())")))));
-          }
-        } else {
-          DAST._IExpression _903___mcc_h0 = _source29.dtor_value;
-          DAST._IExpression _904_e = _903___mcc_h0;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _905_eStr;
-            bool _906___v1;
-            bool _907___v2;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _908___v3;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out30;
-            bool _out31;
-            bool _out32;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out33;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_904_e, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), true, out _out30, out _out31, out _out32, out _out33);
-            _905_eStr = _out30;
-            _906___v1 = _out31;
-            _907___v2 = _out32;
-            _908___v3 = _out33;
-            _899_fieldInits = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_899_fieldInits, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(((_901_field).dtor_formal).dtor_name), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::cell::RefCell::new("), _905_eStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"))))));
-          }
-        }
-        _900_fieldI = (_900_fieldI) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      BigInteger _909_typeParamI;
-      _909_typeParamI = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_909_typeParamI) < (new BigInteger(((c).dtor_typeParams).Count))) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _910_tpeGen;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out34;
-        _out34 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(((c).dtor_typeParams).Select(_909_typeParamI), false, false);
-        _910_tpeGen = _out34;
-        _898_fields = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(_898_fields, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_phantom_type_param_"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_909_typeParamI)), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::marker::PhantomData<"), _910_tpeGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"))))));
-        _899_fieldInits = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_899_fieldInits, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_phantom_type_param_"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_909_typeParamI)), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::marker::PhantomData")))));
-        _909_typeParamI = (_909_typeParamI) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      RAST._IStruct _911_struct;
-      _911_struct = RAST.Struct.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _891_sTypeParams, RAST.Formals.create_NamedFormals(_898_fields));
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _912_typeParams;
-      _912_typeParams = RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(_891_sTypeParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.__default.IND, RAST.__default.IND));
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_StructDecl(_911_struct));
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _913_implBodyRaw;
-      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _914_traitBodies;
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _out35;
-      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _out36;
-      DCOMP.COMP.GenClassImplBody((c).dtor_body, false, DAST.Type.create_Path(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements(), DAST.ResolvedType.create_Datatype(path)), _890_typeParamsSet, out _out35, out _out36);
-      _913_implBodyRaw = _out35;
-      _914_traitBodies = _out36;
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _915_implBody;
-      _915_implBody = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.__default.PUB, RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("new"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_SelfOwned()), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_StructBuild(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _899_fieldInits))))), _913_implBodyRaw);
-      RAST._IImpl _916_i;
-      _916_i = RAST.Impl.create_Impl(_892_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _912_typeParams)), _893_whereConstraints, _915_implBody);
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(_916_i)));
-      if ((new BigInteger(((c).dtor_superClasses).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-        BigInteger _917_i;
-        _917_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-        while ((_917_i) < (new BigInteger(((c).dtor_superClasses).Count))) {
-          DAST._IType _918_superClass;
-          _918_superClass = ((c).dtor_superClasses).Select(_917_i);
-          DAST._IType _source30 = _918_superClass;
-          if (_source30.is_Path) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _919___mcc_h1 = _source30.dtor_Path_a0;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _920___mcc_h2 = _source30.dtor_typeArgs;
-            DAST._IResolvedType _921___mcc_h3 = _source30.dtor_resolved;
-            DAST._IResolvedType _source31 = _921___mcc_h3;
-            if (_source31.is_Datatype) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _922___mcc_h7 = _source31.dtor_path;
-            } else if (_source31.is_Trait) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _923___mcc_h9 = _source31.dtor_path;
-              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _924_typeArgs = _920___mcc_h2;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _925_traitPath = _919___mcc_h1;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _926_pathStr;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out37;
-                _out37 = DCOMP.COMP.GenPath(_925_traitPath);
-                _926_pathStr = _out37;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _927_typeArgs;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out38;
-                _out38 = DCOMP.COMP.GenTypeArgs(_924_typeArgs, false, false);
-                _927_typeArgs = _out38;
-                Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _928_body;
-                _928_body = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements();
-                if ((_914_traitBodies).Contains(_925_traitPath)) {
-                  _928_body = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.Select(_914_traitBodies, _925_traitPath);
-                }
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _929_genSelfPath;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out39;
-                _out39 = DCOMP.COMP.GenPath(path);
-                _929_genSelfPath = _out39;
-                RAST._IModDecl _930_x;
-                _930_x = RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_892_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_926_pathStr, _927_typeArgs)), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc<"), _929_genSelfPath), _912_typeParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"))), _893_whereConstraints, _928_body));
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(_930_x));
-              }
-            } else {
-              DAST._IType _931___mcc_h11 = _source31.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-            }
-          } else if (_source30.is_Nullable) {
-            DAST._IType _932___mcc_h13 = _source30.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-          } else if (_source30.is_Tuple) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _933___mcc_h15 = _source30.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-          } else if (_source30.is_Array) {
-            DAST._IType _934___mcc_h17 = _source30.dtor_element;
-            BigInteger _935___mcc_h18 = _source30.dtor_dims;
-          } else if (_source30.is_Seq) {
-            DAST._IType _936___mcc_h21 = _source30.dtor_element;
-          } else if (_source30.is_Set) {
-            DAST._IType _937___mcc_h23 = _source30.dtor_element;
-          } else if (_source30.is_Multiset) {
-            DAST._IType _938___mcc_h25 = _source30.dtor_element;
-          } else if (_source30.is_Map) {
-            DAST._IType _939___mcc_h27 = _source30.dtor_key;
-            DAST._IType _940___mcc_h28 = _source30.dtor_value;
-          } else if (_source30.is_Arrow) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _941___mcc_h31 = _source30.dtor_args;
-            DAST._IType _942___mcc_h32 = _source30.dtor_result;
-          } else if (_source30.is_Primitive) {
-            DAST._IPrimitive _943___mcc_h35 = _source30.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-          } else if (_source30.is_Passthrough) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _944___mcc_h37 = _source30.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-          } else {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _945___mcc_h39 = _source30.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-          }
-          _917_i = (_917_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-      }
-      RAST._IImpl _946_d;
-      _946_d = RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_892_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::default::Default")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _912_typeParams)), _893_whereConstraints, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.__default.PRIV, RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("default"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_SelfOwned()), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::new()"))))))));
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _947_defaultImpl;
-      _947_defaultImpl = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(_946_d));
-      RAST._IImpl _948_p;
-      _948_p = RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_892_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _912_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.__default.PRIV, RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt_print"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.self, RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_formatter"), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut ::std::fmt::Formatter"))), RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_in_seq"), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("bool")))), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("std::fmt::Result"))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("write!(_formatter, \""), ((c).dtor_enclosingModule)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), (c).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\")"))))))));
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _949_printImpl;
-      _949_printImpl = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(_948_p));
-      RAST._IImpl _950_pp;
-      _950_pp = RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_891_sTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::cmp::PartialEq")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _912_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.__default.PRIV, RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("eq"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.self, RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("other"), RAST.Type.create_Self())), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("bool"))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ptr::eq(self, other)")))))));
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _951_ptrPartialEqImpl;
-      _951_ptrPartialEqImpl = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(_950_pp));
-      RAST._IModDecl _952_ii;
-      _952_ii = RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_892_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _912_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_RawImplMember(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("type Erased = "), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name)), _896_erasedParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"))))));
-      RAST._IModDecl _953_u;
-      _953_u = RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_894_constrainedEraseParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<"), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name)), _895_unerasedParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"))), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _912_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements()));
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _954_identEraseImpls;
-      _954_identEraseImpls = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(_952_ii, _953_u);
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, _947_defaultImpl), _949_printImpl), _951_ptrPartialEqImpl), _954_identEraseImpls);
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> GenTrait(DAST._ITrait t, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> containingPath) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      Dafny.ISet<DAST._IType> _955_typeParamsSet;
-      _955_typeParamsSet = Dafny.Set<DAST._IType>.FromElements();
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _956_typeParams;
-      _956_typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      BigInteger _957_tpI;
-      _957_tpI = BigInteger.Zero;
-      if ((new BigInteger(((t).dtor_typeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-        _956_typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<");
-        while ((_957_tpI) < (new BigInteger(((t).dtor_typeParams).Count))) {
-          DAST._IType _958_tp;
-          _958_tp = ((t).dtor_typeParams).Select(_957_tpI);
-          _955_typeParamsSet = Dafny.Set<DAST._IType>.Union(_955_typeParamsSet, Dafny.Set<DAST._IType>.FromElements(_958_tp));
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _959_genTp;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out40;
-          _out40 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_958_tp, false, false);
-          _959_genTp = _out40;
-          _956_typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_956_typeParams, _959_genTp), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-          _957_tpI = (_957_tpI) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-        _956_typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_956_typeParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-      }
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _960_fullPath;
-      _960_fullPath = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(containingPath, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((t).dtor_name));
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _961_implBody;
-      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _962___v6;
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _out41;
-      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _out42;
-      DCOMP.COMP.GenClassImplBody((t).dtor_body, true, DAST.Type.create_Path(_960_fullPath, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements(), DAST.ResolvedType.create_Trait(_960_fullPath)), _955_typeParamsSet, out _out41, out _out42);
-      _961_implBody = _out41;
-      _962___v6 = _out42;
-      s = (RAST.ModDecl.create_TraitDecl(RAST.Trait.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((t).dtor_name), _956_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), _961_implBody)))._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND);
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> GenNewtype(DAST._INewtype c) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
-      Dafny.ISet<DAST._IType> _963_typeParamsSet;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _964_sTypeParams;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _965_sConstrainedTypeParams;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _966_whereConstraints;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _967___v7;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _968___v8;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _969___v9;
-      Dafny.ISet<DAST._IType> _out43;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out44;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out45;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out46;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out47;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out48;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out49;
-      DCOMP.COMP.GenTypeParameters((c).dtor_typeParams, out _out43, out _out44, out _out45, out _out46, out _out47, out _out48, out _out49);
-      _963_typeParamsSet = _out43;
-      _964_sTypeParams = _out44;
-      _965_sConstrainedTypeParams = _out45;
-      _966_whereConstraints = _out46;
-      _967___v7 = _out47;
-      _968___v8 = _out48;
-      _969___v9 = _out49;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _970_typeParams;
-      _970_typeParams = RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(_964_sTypeParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.__default.IND, RAST.__default.IND));
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _971_constrainedTypeParams;
-      _971_constrainedTypeParams = RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(_965_sConstrainedTypeParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.__default.IND, RAST.__default.IND));
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _972_underlyingType;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out50;
-      _out50 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((c).dtor_base, false, false);
-      _972_underlyingType = _out50;
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_StructDecl(RAST.Struct.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#[derive(Clone, PartialEq)]"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#[repr(transparent)]")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _964_sTypeParams, RAST.Formals.create_NamelessFormals(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub "), _972_underlyingType)))))));
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_965_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _970_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_RawImplMember(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("type Erased = "), _972_underlyingType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"))))))));
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_965_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<"), _972_underlyingType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"))), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _970_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements()))));
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_965_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<"), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name)), _970_typeParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"))), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _970_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements()))));
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _973_fnBody;
-      _973_fnBody = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _source32 = (c).dtor_witnessExpr;
-      if (_source32.is_None) {
-        {
-          _973_fnBody = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_973_fnBody, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(::std::default::Default::default())"));
-        }
-      } else {
-        DAST._IExpression _974___mcc_h0 = _source32.dtor_value;
-        DAST._IExpression _975_e = _974___mcc_h0;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _976_eStr;
-          bool _977___v10;
-          bool _978___v11;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _979___v12;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out51;
-          bool _out52;
-          bool _out53;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out54;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_975_e, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), true, out _out51, out _out52, out _out53, out _out54);
-          _976_eStr = _out51;
-          _977___v10 = _out52;
-          _978___v11 = _out53;
-          _979___v12 = _out54;
-          _973_fnBody = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_973_fnBody, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _976_eStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")\n"));
-        }
-      }
-      RAST._IImplMember _980_body;
-      _980_body = RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.__default.PRIV, RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("default"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_SelfOwned()), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(_973_fnBody))));
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_965_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::default::Default")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _970_typeParams)), _966_whereConstraints, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(_980_body)))));
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_965_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _970_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.__default.PRIV, RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt_print"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.self, RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_formatter"), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut ::std::fmt::Formatter"))), RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("in_seq"), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("bool")))), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::fmt::Result"))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(&self.0, _formatter, in_seq)"))))))))));
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_965_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _970_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_RawImplMember(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("type Target = "), _972_underlyingType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"))), RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.__default.PRIV, RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("deref"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.self), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&Self::Target"))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&self.0"))))))))));
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> GenDatatype(DAST._IDatatype c) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
-      Dafny.ISet<DAST._IType> _981_typeParamsSet;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _982_sTypeParams;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _983_sConstrainedTypeParams;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _984_whereConstraints;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _985_sConstrainedEraseParams;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _986_unerasedParams;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _987_erasedParams;
-      Dafny.ISet<DAST._IType> _out55;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out56;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out57;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out58;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out59;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out60;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out61;
-      DCOMP.COMP.GenTypeParameters((c).dtor_typeParams, out _out55, out _out56, out _out57, out _out58, out _out59, out _out60, out _out61);
-      _981_typeParamsSet = _out55;
-      _982_sTypeParams = _out56;
-      _983_sConstrainedTypeParams = _out57;
-      _984_whereConstraints = _out58;
-      _985_sConstrainedEraseParams = _out59;
-      _986_unerasedParams = _out60;
-      _987_erasedParams = _out61;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _988_typeParams;
-      _988_typeParams = RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(_982_sTypeParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.IND, DCOMP.__default.IND));
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _989_constrainedTypeParams;
-      _989_constrainedTypeParams = RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(_983_sConstrainedTypeParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.IND, DCOMP.__default.IND));
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _990_constrainedEraseParams;
-      _990_constrainedEraseParams = RAST.TypeParam.ToStringMultiple(_985_sConstrainedEraseParams, DCOMP.__default.IND);
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> _991_ctors;
-      _991_ctors = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.FromElements();
-      BigInteger _992_i;
-      _992_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_992_i) < (new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count))) {
-        DAST._IDatatypeCtor _993_ctor;
-        _993_ctor = ((c).dtor_ctors).Select(_992_i);
-        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _994_ctorArgs;
-        _994_ctorArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements();
-        BigInteger _995_j;
-        _995_j = BigInteger.Zero;
-        while ((_995_j) < (new BigInteger(((_993_ctor).dtor_args).Count))) {
-          DAST._IFormal _996_formal;
-          _996_formal = ((_993_ctor).dtor_args).Select(_995_j);
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _997_formalType;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out62;
-          _out62 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((_996_formal).dtor_typ, false, false);
-          _997_formalType = _out62;
-          if ((c).dtor_isCo) {
-            _994_ctorArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(_994_ctorArgs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_996_formal).dtor_name), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::LazyFieldWrapper<"), _997_formalType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"))))));
-          } else {
-            _994_ctorArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(_994_ctorArgs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_996_formal).dtor_name), RAST.Type.create_RawType(_997_formalType))));
-          }
-          _995_j = (_995_j) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-        _991_ctors = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.Concat(_991_ctors, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.FromElements(RAST.EnumCase.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_993_ctor).dtor_name), RAST.Formals.create_NamedFormals(_994_ctorArgs))));
-        _992_i = (_992_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _998_selfPath;
-      _998_selfPath = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((c).dtor_name);
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _999_implBodyRaw;
-      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _1000_traitBodies;
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _out63;
-      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _out64;
-      DCOMP.COMP.GenClassImplBody((c).dtor_body, false, DAST.Type.create_Path(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements(), DAST.ResolvedType.create_Datatype(_998_selfPath)), _981_typeParamsSet, out _out63, out _out64);
-      _999_implBodyRaw = _out63;
-      _1000_traitBodies = _out64;
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _1001_implBody;
-      _1001_implBody = _999_implBodyRaw;
-      _992_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1002_emittedFields;
-      _1002_emittedFields = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-      while ((_992_i) < (new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count))) {
-        DAST._IDatatypeCtor _1003_ctor;
-        _1003_ctor = ((c).dtor_ctors).Select(_992_i);
-        BigInteger _1004_j;
-        _1004_j = BigInteger.Zero;
-        while ((_1004_j) < (new BigInteger(((_1003_ctor).dtor_args).Count))) {
-          DAST._IFormal _1005_formal;
-          _1005_formal = ((_1003_ctor).dtor_args).Select(_1004_j);
-          if (!((_1002_emittedFields).Contains((_1005_formal).dtor_name))) {
-            _1002_emittedFields = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_1002_emittedFields, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((_1005_formal).dtor_name));
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1006_formalType;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out65;
-            _out65 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((_1005_formal).dtor_typ, false, false);
-            _1006_formalType = _out65;
-            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> _1007_cases;
-            _1007_cases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements();
-            BigInteger _1008_k;
-            _1008_k = BigInteger.Zero;
-            while ((_1008_k) < (new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count))) {
-              DAST._IDatatypeCtor _1009_ctor2;
-              _1009_ctor2 = ((c).dtor_ctors).Select(_1008_k);
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1010_pattern;
-              _1010_pattern = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1009_ctor2).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" { "));
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1011_rhs = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-              BigInteger _1012_l;
-              _1012_l = BigInteger.Zero;
-              bool _1013_hasMatchingField;
-              _1013_hasMatchingField = false;
-              while ((_1012_l) < (new BigInteger(((_1009_ctor2).dtor_args).Count))) {
-                DAST._IFormal _1014_formal2;
-                _1014_formal2 = ((_1009_ctor2).dtor_args).Select(_1012_l);
-                if (((_1005_formal).dtor_name).Equals((_1014_formal2).dtor_name)) {
-                  _1013_hasMatchingField = true;
-                }
-                _1010_pattern = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1010_pattern, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1014_formal2).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-                _1012_l = (_1012_l) + (BigInteger.One);
-              }
-              _1010_pattern = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1010_pattern, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-              if (_1013_hasMatchingField) {
-                if ((c).dtor_isCo) {
-                  _1011_rhs = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&"), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1005_formal).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0)"));
-                } else {
-                  _1011_rhs = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1005_formal).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
-                }
-              } else {
-                _1011_rhs = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("panic!(\"field does not exist on this variant\")");
-              }
-              RAST._IMatchCase _1015_ctorMatch;
-              _1015_ctorMatch = RAST.MatchCase.create(_1010_pattern, RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(_1011_rhs));
-              _1007_cases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_1007_cases, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(_1015_ctorMatch));
-              _1008_k = (_1008_k) + (BigInteger.One);
-            }
-            if ((new BigInteger(((c).dtor_typeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-              _1007_cases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_1007_cases, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(RAST.MatchCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::_PhantomVariant(..)")), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("panic!()")))));
-            }
-            RAST._IExpr _1016_methodBody;
-            _1016_methodBody = RAST.Expr.create_Match(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self")), _1007_cases);
-            _1001_implBody = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Concat(_1001_implBody, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.__default.PUB, RAST.Fn.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1005_formal).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.self), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), _1006_formalType))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_1016_methodBody)))));
-          }
-          _1004_j = (_1004_j) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-        _992_i = (_992_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      if ((new BigInteger(((c).dtor_typeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-        BigInteger _1017_typeI;
-        _1017_typeI = BigInteger.Zero;
-        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1018_types;
-        _1018_types = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
-        while ((_1017_typeI) < (new BigInteger(((c).dtor_typeParams).Count))) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1019_genTp;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out66;
-          _out66 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(((c).dtor_typeParams).Select(_1017_typeI), false, false);
-          _1019_genTp = _out66;
-          _1018_types = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_1018_types, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::marker::PhantomData::<"), _1019_genTp), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">")))));
-          _1017_typeI = (_1017_typeI) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-        _991_ctors = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.Concat(_991_ctors, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.FromElements(RAST.EnumCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_PhantomVariant"), RAST.Formals.create_NamelessFormals(_1018_types))));
-      }
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _1020_enumBody;
-      _1020_enumBody = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_EnumDecl(RAST.Enum.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#[derive(PartialEq)]")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _982_sTypeParams, _991_ctors)), RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_Impl(_983_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _988_typeParams)), _984_whereConstraints, _1001_implBody)));
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _1021_identEraseImpls;
-      _1021_identEraseImpls = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_983_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _988_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_RawImplMember(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("type Erased = "), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name)), _987_erasedParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";")))))), RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_985_sConstrainedEraseParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<"), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name)), _986_unerasedParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"))), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _988_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements())));
-      _992_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> _1022_printImplBodyCases;
-      _1022_printImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements();
-      while ((_992_i) < (new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count))) {
-        DAST._IDatatypeCtor _1023_ctor;
-        _1023_ctor = ((c).dtor_ctors).Select(_992_i);
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1024_ctorMatch;
-        _1024_ctorMatch = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1023_ctor).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" { "));
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1025_modulePrefix;
-        _1025_modulePrefix = (((((c).dtor_enclosingModule)).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_module"))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((c).dtor_enclosingModule), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("."))));
-        RAST._IExpr _1026_printRhs;
-        _1026_printRhs = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("write!(_formatter, \""), _1025_modulePrefix), (c).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1023_ctor).dtor_name)), (((_1023_ctor).dtor_hasAnyArgs) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(\")?")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\")?")))));
-        BigInteger _1027_j;
-        _1027_j = BigInteger.Zero;
-        while ((_1027_j) < (new BigInteger(((_1023_ctor).dtor_args).Count))) {
-          DAST._IFormal _1028_formal;
-          _1028_formal = ((_1023_ctor).dtor_args).Select(_1027_j);
-          _1024_ctorMatch = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1024_ctorMatch, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1028_formal).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-          if ((_1027_j).Sign == 1) {
-            _1026_printRhs = (_1026_printRhs).Then(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("write!(_formatter, \", \")?")));
-          }
-          _1026_printRhs = (_1026_printRhs).Then(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint::fmt_print("), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1028_formal).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", _formatter, false)?"))));
-          _1027_j = (_1027_j) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-        _1024_ctorMatch = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1024_ctorMatch, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-        if ((_1023_ctor).dtor_hasAnyArgs) {
-          _1026_printRhs = (_1026_printRhs).Then(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("write!(_formatter, \")\")?")));
-        }
-        _1026_printRhs = (_1026_printRhs).Then(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Ok(())")));
-        _1022_printImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_1022_printImplBodyCases, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(RAST.MatchCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), _1024_ctorMatch), RAST.Expr.create_Block(_1026_printRhs))));
-        _992_i = (_992_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      if ((new BigInteger(((c).dtor_typeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-        _1022_printImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_1022_printImplBodyCases, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(RAST.MatchCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::_PhantomVariant(..)")), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{panic!()}")))));
-      }
-      RAST._IExpr _1029_printImplBody;
-      _1029_printImplBody = RAST.Expr.create_Match(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self")), _1022_printImplBodyCases);
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _1030_printImpl;
-      _1030_printImpl = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_983_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _988_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.__default.PRIV, RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt_print"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.self, RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_formatter"), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut ::std::fmt::Formatter"))), RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_in_seq"), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("bool")))), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("std::fmt::Result"))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_1029_printImplBody)))))));
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _1031_defaultImpl;
-      _1031_defaultImpl = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements();
-      if ((new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-        _992_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1032_structName;
-        _1032_structName = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((((c).dtor_ctors).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).dtor_name));
-        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _1033_structAssignments;
-        _1033_structAssignments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements();
-        while ((_992_i) < (new BigInteger(((((c).dtor_ctors).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).dtor_args).Count))) {
-          DAST._IFormal _1034_formal;
-          _1034_formal = ((((c).dtor_ctors).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).dtor_args).Select(_992_i);
-          _1033_structAssignments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_1033_structAssignments, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1034_formal).dtor_name), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::default::Default::default()")))));
-          _992_i = (_992_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-        _1031_defaultImpl = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_983_sConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::default::Default")), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((c).dtor_name), _988_typeParams)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.__default.PRIV, RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("default"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_SelfOwned()), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_StructBuild(_1032_structName, _1033_structAssignments))))))));
-      }
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(_1020_enumBody, _1021_identEraseImpls), _1030_printImpl), _1031_defaultImpl);
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> GenPath(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> p) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      if ((new BigInteger((p).Count)).Sign == 0) {
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Self");
-        return s;
-      } else {
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("super::");
-        BigInteger _1035_i;
-        _1035_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-        while ((_1035_i) < (new BigInteger((p).Count))) {
-          if ((_1035_i).Sign == 1) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::"));
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(((p).Select(_1035_i))));
-          _1035_i = (_1035_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-      }
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> GenTypeArgs(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> args, bool inBinding, bool inFn) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      if ((new BigInteger((args).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"));
-        BigInteger _1036_i;
-        _1036_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-        while ((_1036_i) < (new BigInteger((args).Count))) {
-          if ((_1036_i).Sign == 1) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1037_genTp;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out67;
-          _out67 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((args).Select(_1036_i), inBinding, inFn);
-          _1037_genTp = _out67;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _1037_genTp);
-          _1036_i = (_1036_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-      }
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> GenType(DAST._IType c, bool inBinding, bool inFn) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      DAST._IType _source33 = c;
-      if (_source33.is_Path) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1038___mcc_h0 = _source33.dtor_Path_a0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1039___mcc_h1 = _source33.dtor_typeArgs;
-        DAST._IResolvedType _1040___mcc_h2 = _source33.dtor_resolved;
-        DAST._IResolvedType _1041_resolved = _1040___mcc_h2;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1042_args = _1039___mcc_h1;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1043_p = _1038___mcc_h0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out68;
-        _out68 = DCOMP.COMP.GenPath(_1043_p);
-        s = _out68;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1044_typeArgs;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out69;
-        _out69 = DCOMP.COMP.GenTypeArgs(_1042_args, inBinding, inFn);
-        _1044_typeArgs = _out69;
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _1044_typeArgs);
-        DAST._IResolvedType _source34 = _1041_resolved;
-        if (_source34.is_Datatype) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1045___mcc_h18 = _source34.dtor_path;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc<"), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-        } else if (_source34.is_Trait) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1046___mcc_h20 = _source34.dtor_path;
-          if ((_1043_p).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_System"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("object")))) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc<dyn ::std::any::Any>");
-          } else {
-            if (inBinding) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_");
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("impl "), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
-            }
-          }
-        } else {
-          DAST._IType _1047___mcc_h22 = _source34.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-        }
-      } else if (_source33.is_Nullable) {
-        DAST._IType _1048___mcc_h3 = _source33.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-        DAST._IType _1049_inner = _1048___mcc_h3;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1050_innerStr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out70;
-        _out70 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1049_inner, inBinding, inFn);
-        _1050_innerStr = _out70;
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::option::Option<"), _1050_innerStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-      } else if (_source33.is_Tuple) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1051___mcc_h4 = _source33.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1052_types = _1051___mcc_h4;
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(");
-        BigInteger _hi4 = new BigInteger((_1052_types).Count);
-        for (BigInteger _1053_i = BigInteger.Zero; _1053_i < _hi4; _1053_i++) {
-          if ((_1053_i).Sign == 1) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "));
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1054_generated;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out71;
-          _out71 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((_1052_types).Select(_1053_i), inBinding, inFn);
-          _1054_generated = _out71;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _1054_generated), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","));
-        }
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-      } else if (_source33.is_Array) {
-        DAST._IType _1055___mcc_h5 = _source33.dtor_element;
-        BigInteger _1056___mcc_h6 = _source33.dtor_dims;
-        BigInteger _1057_dims = _1056___mcc_h6;
-        DAST._IType _1058_element = _1055___mcc_h5;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1059_elemStr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out72;
-        _out72 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1058_element, inBinding, inFn);
-        _1059_elemStr = _out72;
-        s = _1059_elemStr;
-        BigInteger _hi5 = _1057_dims;
-        for (BigInteger _1060_i = BigInteger.Zero; _1060_i < _hi5; _1060_i++) {
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc<::std::cell::RefCell<::std::vec::Vec<"), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">>>"));
-        }
-      } else if (_source33.is_Seq) {
-        DAST._IType _1061___mcc_h7 = _source33.dtor_element;
-        DAST._IType _1062_element = _1061___mcc_h7;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1063_elemStr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out73;
-        _out73 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1062_element, inBinding, inFn);
-        _1063_elemStr = _out73;
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::vec::Vec<"), _1063_elemStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-      } else if (_source33.is_Set) {
-        DAST._IType _1064___mcc_h8 = _source33.dtor_element;
-        DAST._IType _1065_element = _1064___mcc_h8;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1066_elemStr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out74;
-        _out74 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1065_element, inBinding, inFn);
-        _1066_elemStr = _out74;
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::collections::HashSet<"), _1066_elemStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-      } else if (_source33.is_Multiset) {
-        DAST._IType _1067___mcc_h9 = _source33.dtor_element;
-        DAST._IType _1068_element = _1067___mcc_h9;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1069_elemStr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out75;
-        _out75 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1068_element, inBinding, inFn);
-        _1069_elemStr = _out75;
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::collections::HashMap<"), _1069_elemStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", u64>"));
-      } else if (_source33.is_Map) {
-        DAST._IType _1070___mcc_h10 = _source33.dtor_key;
-        DAST._IType _1071___mcc_h11 = _source33.dtor_value;
-        DAST._IType _1072_value = _1071___mcc_h11;
-        DAST._IType _1073_key = _1070___mcc_h10;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1074_keyStr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out76;
-        _out76 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1073_key, inBinding, inFn);
-        _1074_keyStr = _out76;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1075_valueStr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out77;
-        _out77 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1072_value, inBinding, inFn);
-        _1075_valueStr = _out77;
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::collections::HashMap<"), _1074_keyStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _1075_valueStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-      } else if (_source33.is_Arrow) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1076___mcc_h12 = _source33.dtor_args;
-        DAST._IType _1077___mcc_h13 = _source33.dtor_result;
-        DAST._IType _1078_result = _1077___mcc_h13;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1079_args = _1076___mcc_h12;
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::FunctionWrapper<::std::rc::Rc<dyn ::std::ops::Fn(");
-        BigInteger _hi6 = new BigInteger((_1079_args).Count);
-        for (BigInteger _1080_i = BigInteger.Zero; _1080_i < _hi6; _1080_i++) {
-          if ((_1080_i).Sign == 1) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1081_generated;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out78;
-          _out78 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((_1079_args).Select(_1080_i), inBinding, true);
-          _1081_generated = _out78;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&")), _1081_generated);
-        }
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1082_resultType;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out79;
-        _out79 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1078_result, inBinding, (inFn) || (inBinding));
-        _1082_resultType = _out79;
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") -> ")), _1082_resultType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" + 'static>>"));
-      } else if (_source33.is_Primitive) {
-        DAST._IPrimitive _1083___mcc_h14 = _source33.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-        DAST._IPrimitive _1084_p = _1083___mcc_h14;
-        DAST._IPrimitive _source35 = _1084_p;
-        if (_source35.is_Int) {
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigInt");
-        } else if (_source35.is_Real) {
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigRational");
-        } else if (_source35.is_String) {
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Vec<char>");
-        } else if (_source35.is_Bool) {
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("bool");
-        } else {
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("char");
-        }
-      } else if (_source33.is_Passthrough) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1085___mcc_h15 = _source33.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1086_v = _1085___mcc_h15;
-        s = _1086_v;
-      } else {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1087___mcc_h16 = _source33.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _source36 = _1087___mcc_h16;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1088___mcc_h17 = _source36;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1089_name = _1088___mcc_h17;
-        s = DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1089_name);
-      }
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static void GenClassImplBody(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, bool forTrait, DAST._IType enclosingType, Dafny.ISet<DAST._IType> enclosingTypeParams, out Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> s, out Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> traitBodies) {
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Empty;
-      traitBodies = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.Empty;
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements();
-      traitBodies = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.FromElements();
-      BigInteger _1090_i;
-      _1090_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_1090_i) < (new BigInteger((body).Count))) {
-        DAST._IMethod _source37 = (body).Select(_1090_i);
-        DAST._IMethod _1091___mcc_h0 = _source37;
-        DAST._IMethod _1092_m = _1091___mcc_h0;
-        {
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _source38 = (_1092_m).dtor_overridingPath;
-          if (_source38.is_None) {
-            {
-              RAST._IImplMember _1093_generated;
-              RAST._IImplMember _out80;
-              _out80 = DCOMP.COMP.GenMethod(_1092_m, forTrait, enclosingType, enclosingTypeParams);
-              _1093_generated = _out80;
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(_1093_generated));
-            }
-          } else {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1094___mcc_h1 = _source38.dtor_value;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1095_p = _1094___mcc_h1;
-            {
-              Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _1096_existing;
-              _1096_existing = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements();
-              if ((traitBodies).Contains(_1095_p)) {
-                _1096_existing = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.Select(traitBodies, _1095_p);
-              }
-              RAST._IImplMember _1097_genMethod;
-              RAST._IImplMember _out81;
-              _out81 = DCOMP.COMP.GenMethod(_1092_m, true, enclosingType, enclosingTypeParams);
-              _1097_genMethod = _out81;
-              _1096_existing = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Concat(_1096_existing, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(_1097_genMethod));
-              traitBodies = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.Merge(traitBodies, Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>(_1095_p, _1096_existing)));
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        _1090_i = (_1090_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> GenParams(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Empty;
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements();
-      BigInteger _1098_i;
-      _1098_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_1098_i) < (new BigInteger((@params).Count))) {
-        DAST._IFormal _1099_param;
-        _1099_param = (@params).Select(_1098_i);
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1100_paramType;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out82;
-        _out82 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((_1099_param).dtor_typ, false, false);
-        _1100_paramType = _out82;
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1099_param).dtor_name), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" &"), _1100_paramType)))));
-        _1098_i = (_1098_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static RAST._IImplMember GenMethod(DAST._IMethod m, bool forTrait, DAST._IType enclosingType, Dafny.ISet<DAST._IType> enclosingTypeParams) {
-      RAST._IImplMember s = RAST.ImplMember.Default();
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _1101_params;
-      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _out83;
-      _out83 = DCOMP.COMP.GenParams((m).dtor_params);
-      _1101_params = _out83;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1102_paramNames;
-      _1102_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-      BigInteger _1103_paramI;
-      _1103_paramI = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_1103_paramI) < (new BigInteger(((m).dtor_params).Count))) {
-        _1102_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_1102_paramNames, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((((m).dtor_params).Select(_1103_paramI)).dtor_name));
-        _1103_paramI = (_1103_paramI) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      if (!((m).dtor_isStatic)) {
-        if (forTrait) {
-          _1101_params = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.self), _1101_params);
-        } else {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1104_enclosingTypeString;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out84;
-          _out84 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(enclosingType, false, false);
-          _1104_enclosingTypeString = _out84;
-          _1101_params = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"), RAST.Type.create_RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), _1104_enclosingTypeString)))), _1101_params);
-        }
-      }
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1105_retType;
-      _1105_retType = (((new BigInteger(((m).dtor_outTypes).Count)) != (BigInteger.One)) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")));
-      BigInteger _1106_typeI;
-      _1106_typeI = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_1106_typeI) < (new BigInteger(((m).dtor_outTypes).Count))) {
-        if ((_1106_typeI).Sign == 1) {
-          _1105_retType = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1105_retType, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-        }
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1107_typeString;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out85;
-        _out85 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(((m).dtor_outTypes).Select(_1106_typeI), false, false);
-        _1107_typeString = _out85;
-        _1105_retType = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1105_retType, _1107_typeString);
-        _1106_typeI = (_1106_typeI) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      if ((new BigInteger(((m).dtor_outTypes).Count)) != (BigInteger.One)) {
-        _1105_retType = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1105_retType, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-      }
-      byte _1108_visibility;
-      _1108_visibility = RAST.__default.PUB;
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1109_fnName;
-      _1109_fnName = DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((m).dtor_name);
-      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1110_typeParamsFiltered;
-      _1110_typeParamsFiltered = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements();
-      BigInteger _1111_typeParamI;
-      _1111_typeParamI = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_1111_typeParamI) < (new BigInteger(((m).dtor_typeParams).Count))) {
-        DAST._IType _1112_typeParam;
-        _1112_typeParam = ((m).dtor_typeParams).Select(_1111_typeParamI);
-        if (!((enclosingTypeParams).Contains(_1112_typeParam))) {
-          _1110_typeParamsFiltered = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Concat(_1110_typeParamsFiltered, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements(_1112_typeParam));
-        }
-        _1111_typeParamI = (_1111_typeParamI) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1113_whereClauses;
-      _1113_whereClauses = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1114_typeParams;
-      _1114_typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-      if ((new BigInteger((_1110_typeParamsFiltered).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-        _1113_whereClauses = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1113_whereClauses, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" where "));
-        BigInteger _1115_i;
-        _1115_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-        while ((_1115_i) < (new BigInteger((_1110_typeParamsFiltered).Count))) {
-          if ((_1115_i).Sign == 1) {
-            _1113_whereClauses = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1113_whereClauses, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1116_typeString;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out86;
-          _out86 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((_1110_typeParamsFiltered).Select(_1115_i), false, false);
-          _1116_typeString = _out86;
-          _1114_typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_1114_typeParams, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1116_typeString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable + ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<")), _1116_typeString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("> + Clone + ::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint + ::std::default::Default + 'static"))));
-          _1113_whereClauses = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1113_whereClauses, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<")), _1116_typeString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable>::Erased: ::std::cmp::PartialEq"));
-          _1115_i = (_1115_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-        }
-      }
-      Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _1117_fBody = Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.Default();
-      if ((m).dtor_hasBody) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1118_earlyReturn;
-        _1118_earlyReturn = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return;");
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _source39 = (m).dtor_outVars;
-        if (_source39.is_None) {
-        } else {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1119___mcc_h0 = _source39.dtor_value;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1120_outVars = _1119___mcc_h0;
-          {
-            _1118_earlyReturn = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return (");
-            BigInteger _1121_outI;
-            _1121_outI = BigInteger.Zero;
-            while ((_1121_outI) < (new BigInteger((_1120_outVars).Count))) {
-              if ((_1121_outI).Sign == 1) {
-                _1118_earlyReturn = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1118_earlyReturn, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-              }
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1122_outVar;
-              _1122_outVar = (_1120_outVars).Select(_1121_outI);
-              _1118_earlyReturn = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1118_earlyReturn, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_1122_outVar)));
-              _1121_outI = (_1121_outI) + (BigInteger.One);
-            }
-            _1118_earlyReturn = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1118_earlyReturn, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(");"));
-          }
-        }
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1123_body;
-        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1124___v15;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out87;
-        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out88;
-        DCOMP.COMP.GenStmts((m).dtor_body, (((m).dtor_isStatic) ? (Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None()) : (Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self")))), _1102_paramNames, true, _1118_earlyReturn, out _out87, out _out88);
-        _1123_body = _out87;
-        _1124___v15 = _out88;
-        _1117_fBody = Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(_1123_body));
-      } else {
-        _1117_fBody = Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None();
-      }
-      s = RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(_1108_visibility, RAST.Fn.create(_1109_fnName, _1114_typeParams, _1101_params, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_RawType(_1105_retType)), _1113_whereClauses, _1117_fBody));
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static void GenStmts(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> stmts, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> selfIdent, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> @params, bool isLast, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> earlyReturn, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> generated, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents) {
-      generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
-      generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1125_declarations;
-      _1125_declarations = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-      BigInteger _1126_i;
-      _1126_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_1126_i) < (new BigInteger((stmts).Count))) {
-        DAST._IStatement _1127_stmt;
-        _1127_stmt = (stmts).Select(_1126_i);
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1128_stmtString;
-        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1129_recIdents;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out89;
-        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out90;
-        DCOMP.COMP.GenStmt(_1127_stmt, selfIdent, @params, (isLast) && ((_1126_i) == ((new BigInteger((stmts).Count)) - (BigInteger.One))), earlyReturn, out _out89, out _out90);
-        _1128_stmtString = _out89;
-        _1129_recIdents = _out90;
-        readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_1129_recIdents, _1125_declarations));
-        DAST._IStatement _source40 = _1127_stmt;
-        if (_source40.is_DeclareVar) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1130___mcc_h0 = _source40.dtor_name;
-          DAST._IType _1131___mcc_h1 = _source40.dtor_typ;
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _1132___mcc_h2 = _source40.dtor_maybeValue;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1133_name = _1130___mcc_h0;
-          {
-            _1125_declarations = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_1125_declarations, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_1133_name));
-          }
-        } else if (_source40.is_Assign) {
-          DAST._IAssignLhs _1134___mcc_h6 = _source40.dtor_lhs;
-          DAST._IExpression _1135___mcc_h7 = _source40.dtor_value;
-        } else if (_source40.is_If) {
-          DAST._IExpression _1136___mcc_h10 = _source40.dtor_cond;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1137___mcc_h11 = _source40.dtor_thn;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1138___mcc_h12 = _source40.dtor_els;
-        } else if (_source40.is_Labeled) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1139___mcc_h16 = _source40.dtor_lbl;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1140___mcc_h17 = _source40.dtor_body;
-        } else if (_source40.is_While) {
-          DAST._IExpression _1141___mcc_h20 = _source40.dtor_cond;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1142___mcc_h21 = _source40.dtor_body;
-        } else if (_source40.is_Foreach) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1143___mcc_h24 = _source40.dtor_boundName;
-          DAST._IType _1144___mcc_h25 = _source40.dtor_boundType;
-          DAST._IExpression _1145___mcc_h26 = _source40.dtor_over;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1146___mcc_h27 = _source40.dtor_body;
-        } else if (_source40.is_Call) {
-          DAST._IExpression _1147___mcc_h32 = _source40.dtor_on;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1148___mcc_h33 = _source40.dtor_name;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1149___mcc_h34 = _source40.dtor_typeArgs;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1150___mcc_h35 = _source40.dtor_args;
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _1151___mcc_h36 = _source40.dtor_outs;
-        } else if (_source40.is_Return) {
-          DAST._IExpression _1152___mcc_h42 = _source40.dtor_expr;
-        } else if (_source40.is_EarlyReturn) {
-        } else if (_source40.is_Break) {
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1153___mcc_h44 = _source40.dtor_toLabel;
-        } else if (_source40.is_TailRecursive) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1154___mcc_h46 = _source40.dtor_body;
-        } else if (_source40.is_JumpTailCallStart) {
-        } else if (_source40.is_Halt) {
-        } else {
-          DAST._IExpression _1155___mcc_h48 = _source40.dtor_Print_a0;
-        }
-        if ((_1126_i).Sign == 1) {
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(generated, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"));
-        }
-        generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(generated, _1128_stmtString);
-        _1126_i = (_1126_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-    }
-    public static void GenAssignLhs(DAST._IAssignLhs lhs, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> rhs, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> selfIdent, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> @params, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> generated, out bool needsIIFE, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents) {
-      generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      needsIIFE = false;
-      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
-      DAST._IAssignLhs _source41 = lhs;
-      if (_source41.is_Ident) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1156___mcc_h0 = _source41.dtor_Ident_a0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _source42 = _1156___mcc_h0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1157___mcc_h1 = _source42;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1158_id = _1157___mcc_h1;
-        {
-          if ((@params).Contains(_1158_id)) {
-            generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*"), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1158_id));
-          } else {
-            generated = DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1158_id);
-          }
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_1158_id);
-          needsIIFE = false;
-        }
-      } else if (_source41.is_Select) {
-        DAST._IExpression _1159___mcc_h2 = _source41.dtor_expr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1160___mcc_h3 = _source41.dtor_field;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1161_field = _1160___mcc_h3;
-        DAST._IExpression _1162_on = _1159___mcc_h2;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1163_onExpr;
-          bool _1164_onOwned;
-          bool _1165_onErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1166_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out91;
-          bool _out92;
-          bool _out93;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out94;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1162_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out91, out _out92, out _out93, out _out94);
-          _1163_onExpr = _out91;
-          _1164_onOwned = _out92;
-          _1165_onErased = _out93;
-          _1166_recIdents = _out94;
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*("), _1163_onExpr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), _1161_field), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow_mut()) = ")), rhs), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
-          readIdents = _1166_recIdents;
-          needsIIFE = true;
-        }
-      } else {
-        DAST._IExpression _1167___mcc_h4 = _source41.dtor_expr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1168___mcc_h5 = _source41.dtor_indices;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1169_indices = _1168___mcc_h5;
-        DAST._IExpression _1170_on = _1167___mcc_h4;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1171_onExpr;
-          bool _1172_onOwned;
-          bool _1173_onErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1174_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out95;
-          bool _out96;
-          bool _out97;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out98;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1170_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out95, out _out96, out _out97, out _out98);
-          _1171_onExpr = _out95;
-          _1172_onOwned = _out96;
-          _1173_onErased = _out97;
-          _1174_recIdents = _out98;
-          readIdents = _1174_recIdents;
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{\n");
-          BigInteger _1175_i;
-          _1175_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_1175_i) < (new BigInteger((_1169_indices).Count))) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1176_idx;
-            bool _1177___v19;
-            bool _1178_idxErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1179_recIdentsIdx;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out99;
-            bool _out100;
-            bool _out101;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out102;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_1169_indices).Select(_1175_i), selfIdent, @params, true, out _out99, out _out100, out _out101, out _out102);
-            _1176_idx = _out99;
-            _1177___v19 = _out100;
-            _1178_idxErased = _out101;
-            _1179_recIdentsIdx = _out102;
-            if (!(_1178_idxErased)) {
-              _1176_idx = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _1176_idx), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(generated, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let __idx")), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_1175_i)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = <usize as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(")), _1176_idx), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap();\n"));
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1179_recIdentsIdx);
-            _1175_i = (_1175_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(generated, _1171_onExpr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow_mut()"));
-          _1175_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_1175_i) < (new BigInteger((_1169_indices).Count))) {
-            generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(generated, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("[__idx")), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_1175_i)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("]"));
-            _1175_i = (_1175_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(generated, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = ")), rhs), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";\n}"));
-          needsIIFE = true;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    public static void GenStmt(DAST._IStatement stmt, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> selfIdent, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> @params, bool isLast, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> earlyReturn, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> generated, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents) {
-      generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
-      DAST._IStatement _source43 = stmt;
-      if (_source43.is_DeclareVar) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1180___mcc_h0 = _source43.dtor_name;
-        DAST._IType _1181___mcc_h1 = _source43.dtor_typ;
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _1182___mcc_h2 = _source43.dtor_maybeValue;
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _source44 = _1182___mcc_h2;
-        if (_source44.is_None) {
-          DAST._IType _1183_typ = _1181___mcc_h1;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1184_name = _1180___mcc_h0;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1185_typeString;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out103;
-            _out103 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1183_typ, true, false);
-            _1185_typeString = _out103;
-            generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let mut "), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1184_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), _1185_typeString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          }
-        } else {
-          DAST._IExpression _1186___mcc_h3 = _source44.dtor_value;
-          DAST._IExpression _1187_expression = _1186___mcc_h3;
-          DAST._IType _1188_typ = _1181___mcc_h1;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1189_name = _1180___mcc_h0;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1190_typeString;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out104;
-            _out104 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1188_typ, true, false);
-            _1190_typeString = _out104;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1191_expr;
-            bool _1192___v20;
-            bool _1193_recErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1194_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out105;
-            bool _out106;
-            bool _out107;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out108;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1187_expression, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out105, out _out106, out _out107, out _out108);
-            _1191_expr = _out105;
-            _1192___v20 = _out106;
-            _1193_recErased = _out107;
-            _1194_recIdents = _out108;
-            if (!(_1193_recErased)) {
-              _1191_expr = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _1191_expr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            _1191_expr = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _1190_typeString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::unerase_owned(")), _1191_expr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let mut "), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1189_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), _1190_typeString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = ")), _1191_expr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
-            readIdents = _1194_recIdents;
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_Assign) {
-        DAST._IAssignLhs _1195___mcc_h4 = _source43.dtor_lhs;
-        DAST._IExpression _1196___mcc_h5 = _source43.dtor_value;
-        DAST._IExpression _1197_expression = _1196___mcc_h5;
-        DAST._IAssignLhs _1198_lhs = _1195___mcc_h4;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1199_lhsGen;
-          bool _1200_needsIIFE;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1201_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out109;
-          bool _out110;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out111;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenAssignLhs(_1198_lhs, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("__rhs"), selfIdent, @params, out _out109, out _out110, out _out111);
-          _1199_lhsGen = _out109;
-          _1200_needsIIFE = _out110;
-          _1201_recIdents = _out111;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1202_exprGen;
-          bool _1203___v21;
-          bool _1204_exprErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1205_exprIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out112;
-          bool _out113;
-          bool _out114;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out115;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1197_expression, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out112, out _out113, out _out114, out _out115);
-          _1202_exprGen = _out112;
-          _1203___v21 = _out113;
-          _1204_exprErased = _out114;
-          _1205_exprIdents = _out115;
-          if (!(_1204_exprErased)) {
-            _1202_exprGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _1202_exprGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          _1202_exprGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned("), _1202_exprGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          if (_1200_needsIIFE) {
-            generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{\nlet __rhs = "), _1202_exprGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";\n")), _1199_lhsGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n}"));
-          } else {
-            generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1199_lhsGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = ")), _1202_exprGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
-          }
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_1201_recIdents, _1205_exprIdents);
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_If) {
-        DAST._IExpression _1206___mcc_h6 = _source43.dtor_cond;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1207___mcc_h7 = _source43.dtor_thn;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1208___mcc_h8 = _source43.dtor_els;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1209_els = _1208___mcc_h8;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1210_thn = _1207___mcc_h7;
-        DAST._IExpression _1211_cond = _1206___mcc_h6;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1212_condString;
-          bool _1213___v22;
-          bool _1214_condErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1215_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out116;
-          bool _out117;
-          bool _out118;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out119;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1211_cond, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out116, out _out117, out _out118, out _out119);
-          _1212_condString = _out116;
-          _1213___v22 = _out117;
-          _1214_condErased = _out118;
-          _1215_recIdents = _out119;
-          if (!(_1214_condErased)) {
-            _1212_condString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _1212_condString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          readIdents = _1215_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1216_thnString;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1217_thnIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out120;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out121;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenStmts(_1210_thn, selfIdent, @params, isLast, earlyReturn, out _out120, out _out121);
-          _1216_thnString = _out120;
-          _1217_thnIdents = _out121;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1217_thnIdents);
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1218_elsString;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1219_elsIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out122;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out123;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenStmts(_1209_els, selfIdent, @params, isLast, earlyReturn, out _out122, out _out123);
-          _1218_elsString = _out122;
-          _1219_elsIdents = _out123;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1219_elsIdents);
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("if "), _1212_condString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {\n")), _1216_thnString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n} else {\n")), _1218_elsString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n}"));
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_Labeled) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1220___mcc_h9 = _source43.dtor_lbl;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1221___mcc_h10 = _source43.dtor_body;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1222_body = _1221___mcc_h10;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1223_lbl = _1220___mcc_h9;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1224_bodyString;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1225_bodyIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out124;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out125;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenStmts(_1222_body, selfIdent, @params, isLast, earlyReturn, out _out124, out _out125);
-          _1224_bodyString = _out124;
-          _1225_bodyIdents = _out125;
-          readIdents = _1225_bodyIdents;
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("'label_"), _1223_lbl), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": loop {\n")), _1224_bodyString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("break;")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n}"));
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_While) {
-        DAST._IExpression _1226___mcc_h11 = _source43.dtor_cond;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1227___mcc_h12 = _source43.dtor_body;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1228_body = _1227___mcc_h12;
-        DAST._IExpression _1229_cond = _1226___mcc_h11;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1230_condString;
-          bool _1231___v23;
-          bool _1232_condErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1233_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out126;
-          bool _out127;
-          bool _out128;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out129;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1229_cond, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out126, out _out127, out _out128, out _out129);
-          _1230_condString = _out126;
-          _1231___v23 = _out127;
-          _1232_condErased = _out128;
-          _1233_recIdents = _out129;
-          if (!(_1232_condErased)) {
-            _1230_condString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _1230_condString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          readIdents = _1233_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1234_bodyString;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1235_bodyIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out130;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out131;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenStmts(_1228_body, selfIdent, @params, false, earlyReturn, out _out130, out _out131);
-          _1234_bodyString = _out130;
-          _1235_bodyIdents = _out131;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1235_bodyIdents);
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("while "), _1230_condString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {\n")), _1234_bodyString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n}"));
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_Foreach) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1236___mcc_h13 = _source43.dtor_boundName;
-        DAST._IType _1237___mcc_h14 = _source43.dtor_boundType;
-        DAST._IExpression _1238___mcc_h15 = _source43.dtor_over;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1239___mcc_h16 = _source43.dtor_body;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1240_body = _1239___mcc_h16;
-        DAST._IExpression _1241_over = _1238___mcc_h15;
-        DAST._IType _1242_boundType = _1237___mcc_h14;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1243_boundName = _1236___mcc_h13;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1244_overString;
-          bool _1245___v24;
-          bool _1246_overErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1247_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out132;
-          bool _out133;
-          bool _out134;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out135;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1241_over, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out132, out _out133, out _out134, out _out135);
-          _1244_overString = _out132;
-          _1245___v24 = _out133;
-          _1246_overErased = _out134;
-          _1247_recIdents = _out135;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1248_boundTypeStr;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out136;
-          _out136 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1242_boundType, false, false);
-          _1248_boundTypeStr = _out136;
-          readIdents = _1247_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1249_bodyString;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1250_bodyIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out137;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out138;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenStmts(_1240_body, selfIdent, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(@params, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_1243_boundName)), false, earlyReturn, out _out137, out _out138);
-          _1249_bodyString = _out137;
-          _1250_bodyIdents = _out138;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1250_bodyIdents), Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_1243_boundName));
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1251_unerasedIter;
-          _1251_unerasedIter = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_iter_erased");
-          if (_1246_overErased) {
-            _1251_unerasedIter = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _1248_boundTypeStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::unerase_owned(")), _1251_unerasedIter), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("for _iter_erased in "), _1244_overString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {\n"));
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(generated, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let ")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1243_boundName)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = ")), _1251_unerasedIter), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";\n")), _1249_bodyString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n}"));
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_Call) {
-        DAST._IExpression _1252___mcc_h17 = _source43.dtor_on;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1253___mcc_h18 = _source43.dtor_name;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1254___mcc_h19 = _source43.dtor_typeArgs;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1255___mcc_h20 = _source43.dtor_args;
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _1256___mcc_h21 = _source43.dtor_outs;
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _1257_maybeOutVars = _1256___mcc_h21;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1258_args = _1255___mcc_h20;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1259_typeArgs = _1254___mcc_h19;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1260_name = _1253___mcc_h18;
-        DAST._IExpression _1261_on = _1252___mcc_h17;
-        {
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1262_typeArgString;
-          _1262_typeArgString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          if ((new BigInteger((_1259_typeArgs).Count)) >= (BigInteger.One)) {
-            BigInteger _1263_typeI;
-            _1263_typeI = BigInteger.Zero;
-            _1262_typeArgString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::<");
-            while ((_1263_typeI) < (new BigInteger((_1259_typeArgs).Count))) {
-              if ((_1263_typeI).Sign == 1) {
-                _1262_typeArgString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1262_typeArgString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-              }
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1264_typeString;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out139;
-              _out139 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((_1259_typeArgs).Select(_1263_typeI), false, false);
-              _1264_typeString = _out139;
-              _1262_typeArgString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1262_typeArgString, _1264_typeString);
-              _1263_typeI = (_1263_typeI) + (BigInteger.One);
-            }
-            _1262_typeArgString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1262_typeArgString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1265_argString;
-          _1265_argString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          BigInteger _1266_i;
-          _1266_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_1266_i) < (new BigInteger((_1258_args).Count))) {
-            if ((_1266_i).Sign == 1) {
-              _1265_argString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1265_argString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1267_argExpr;
-            bool _1268_isOwned;
-            bool _1269_argErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1270_argIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out140;
-            bool _out141;
-            bool _out142;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out143;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_1258_args).Select(_1266_i), selfIdent, @params, false, out _out140, out _out141, out _out142, out _out143);
-            _1267_argExpr = _out140;
-            _1268_isOwned = _out141;
-            _1269_argErased = _out142;
-            _1270_argIdents = _out143;
-            if (_1269_argErased) {
-              _1267_argExpr = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned("), _1267_argExpr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            if (_1268_isOwned) {
-              _1267_argExpr = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), _1267_argExpr);
-            }
-            _1265_argString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1265_argString, _1267_argExpr);
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1270_argIdents);
-            _1266_i = (_1266_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1271_enclosingString;
-          bool _1272___v25;
-          bool _1273___v26;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1274_enclosingIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out144;
-          bool _out145;
-          bool _out146;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out147;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1261_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out144, out _out145, out _out146, out _out147);
-          _1271_enclosingString = _out144;
-          _1272___v25 = _out145;
-          _1273___v26 = _out146;
-          _1274_enclosingIdents = _out147;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1274_enclosingIdents);
-          DAST._IExpression _source45 = _1261_on;
-          if (_source45.is_Literal) {
-            DAST._ILiteral _1275___mcc_h26 = _source45.dtor_Literal_a0;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_Ident) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1276___mcc_h28 = _source45.dtor_Ident_a0;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_Companion) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1277___mcc_h30 = _source45.dtor_Companion_a0;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1271_enclosingString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::"));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_Tuple) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1278___mcc_h32 = _source45.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_New) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1279___mcc_h34 = _source45.dtor_path;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1280___mcc_h35 = _source45.dtor_typeArgs;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1281___mcc_h36 = _source45.dtor_args;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_NewArray) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1282___mcc_h40 = _source45.dtor_dims;
-            DAST._IType _1283___mcc_h41 = _source45.dtor_typ;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_DatatypeValue) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1284___mcc_h44 = _source45.dtor_path;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1285___mcc_h45 = _source45.dtor_typeArgs;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1286___mcc_h46 = _source45.dtor_variant;
-            bool _1287___mcc_h47 = _source45.dtor_isCo;
-            Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> _1288___mcc_h48 = _source45.dtor_contents;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_Convert) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1289___mcc_h54 = _source45.dtor_value;
-            DAST._IType _1290___mcc_h55 = _source45.dtor_from;
-            DAST._IType _1291___mcc_h56 = _source45.dtor_typ;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_SeqConstruct) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1292___mcc_h60 = _source45.dtor_length;
-            DAST._IExpression _1293___mcc_h61 = _source45.dtor_elem;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_SeqValue) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1294___mcc_h64 = _source45.dtor_elements;
-            DAST._IType _1295___mcc_h65 = _source45.dtor_typ;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_SetValue) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1296___mcc_h68 = _source45.dtor_elements;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_MapValue) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> _1297___mcc_h70 = _source45.dtor_mapElems;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_This) {
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_Ite) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1298___mcc_h72 = _source45.dtor_cond;
-            DAST._IExpression _1299___mcc_h73 = _source45.dtor_thn;
-            DAST._IExpression _1300___mcc_h74 = _source45.dtor_els;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_UnOp) {
-            DAST._IUnaryOp _1301___mcc_h78 = _source45.dtor_unOp;
-            DAST._IExpression _1302___mcc_h79 = _source45.dtor_expr;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_BinOp) {
-            DAST._IBinOp _1303___mcc_h82 = _source45.dtor_op;
-            DAST._IExpression _1304___mcc_h83 = _source45.dtor_left;
-            DAST._IExpression _1305___mcc_h84 = _source45.dtor_right;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_ArrayLen) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1306___mcc_h88 = _source45.dtor_expr;
-            BigInteger _1307___mcc_h89 = _source45.dtor_dim;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_Select) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1308___mcc_h92 = _source45.dtor_expr;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1309___mcc_h93 = _source45.dtor_field;
-            bool _1310___mcc_h94 = _source45.dtor_isConstant;
-            bool _1311___mcc_h95 = _source45.dtor_onDatatype;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_SelectFn) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1312___mcc_h100 = _source45.dtor_expr;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1313___mcc_h101 = _source45.dtor_field;
-            bool _1314___mcc_h102 = _source45.dtor_onDatatype;
-            bool _1315___mcc_h103 = _source45.dtor_isStatic;
-            BigInteger _1316___mcc_h104 = _source45.dtor_arity;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_Index) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1317___mcc_h110 = _source45.dtor_expr;
-            DAST._ICollKind _1318___mcc_h111 = _source45.dtor_collKind;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1319___mcc_h112 = _source45.dtor_indices;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_IndexRange) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1320___mcc_h116 = _source45.dtor_expr;
-            bool _1321___mcc_h117 = _source45.dtor_isArray;
-            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _1322___mcc_h118 = _source45.dtor_low;
-            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _1323___mcc_h119 = _source45.dtor_high;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_TupleSelect) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1324___mcc_h124 = _source45.dtor_expr;
-            BigInteger _1325___mcc_h125 = _source45.dtor_index;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_Call) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1326___mcc_h128 = _source45.dtor_on;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1327___mcc_h129 = _source45.dtor_name;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1328___mcc_h130 = _source45.dtor_typeArgs;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1329___mcc_h131 = _source45.dtor_args;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_Lambda) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _1330___mcc_h136 = _source45.dtor_params;
-            DAST._IType _1331___mcc_h137 = _source45.dtor_retType;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1332___mcc_h138 = _source45.dtor_body;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_BetaRedex) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> _1333___mcc_h142 = _source45.dtor_values;
-            DAST._IType _1334___mcc_h143 = _source45.dtor_retType;
-            DAST._IExpression _1335___mcc_h144 = _source45.dtor_expr;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_IIFE) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1336___mcc_h148 = _source45.dtor_name;
-            DAST._IType _1337___mcc_h149 = _source45.dtor_typ;
-            DAST._IExpression _1338___mcc_h150 = _source45.dtor_value;
-            DAST._IExpression _1339___mcc_h151 = _source45.dtor_iifeBody;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_Apply) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1340___mcc_h156 = _source45.dtor_expr;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1341___mcc_h157 = _source45.dtor_args;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_TypeTest) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1342___mcc_h160 = _source45.dtor_on;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1343___mcc_h161 = _source45.dtor_dType;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1344___mcc_h162 = _source45.dtor_variant;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_InitializationValue) {
-            DAST._IType _1345___mcc_h166 = _source45.dtor_typ;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_BoolBoundedPool) {
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_SetBoundedPool) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1346___mcc_h168 = _source45.dtor_of;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else if (_source45.is_SeqBoundedPool) {
-            DAST._IExpression _1347___mcc_h170 = _source45.dtor_of;
-            bool _1348___mcc_h171 = _source45.dtor_includeDuplicates;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          } else {
-            DAST._IExpression _1349___mcc_h174 = _source45.dtor_lo;
-            DAST._IExpression _1350___mcc_h175 = _source45.dtor_hi;
-            {
-              _1271_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1271_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")."));
-            }
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1351_receiver;
-          _1351_receiver = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _source46 = _1257_maybeOutVars;
-          if (_source46.is_None) {
-          } else {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1352___mcc_h178 = _source46.dtor_value;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1353_outVars = _1352___mcc_h178;
-            {
-              if ((new BigInteger((_1353_outVars).Count)) > (BigInteger.One)) {
-                _1351_receiver = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(");
-              }
-              BigInteger _1354_outI;
-              _1354_outI = BigInteger.Zero;
-              while ((_1354_outI) < (new BigInteger((_1353_outVars).Count))) {
-                if ((_1354_outI).Sign == 1) {
-                  _1351_receiver = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1351_receiver, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-                }
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1355_outVar;
-                _1355_outVar = (_1353_outVars).Select(_1354_outI);
-                _1351_receiver = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1351_receiver, (_1355_outVar));
-                _1354_outI = (_1354_outI) + (BigInteger.One);
-              }
-              if ((new BigInteger((_1353_outVars).Count)) > (BigInteger.One)) {
-                _1351_receiver = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1351_receiver, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            }
-          }
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((!(_1351_receiver).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1351_receiver, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = "))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), _1271_enclosingString), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1260_name)), _1262_typeArgString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1265_argString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(");"));
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_Return) {
-        DAST._IExpression _1356___mcc_h22 = _source43.dtor_expr;
-        DAST._IExpression _1357_expr = _1356___mcc_h22;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1358_exprString;
-          bool _1359___v29;
-          bool _1360_recErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1361_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out148;
-          bool _out149;
-          bool _out150;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out151;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1357_expr, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out148, out _out149, out _out150, out _out151);
-          _1358_exprString = _out148;
-          _1359___v29 = _out149;
-          _1360_recErased = _out150;
-          _1361_recIdents = _out151;
-          _1358_exprString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned(::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _1358_exprString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-          readIdents = _1361_recIdents;
-          if (isLast) {
-            generated = _1358_exprString;
-          } else {
-            generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return "), _1358_exprString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_EarlyReturn) {
-        {
-          generated = earlyReturn;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_Break) {
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1362___mcc_h23 = _source43.dtor_toLabel;
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1363_toLabel = _1362___mcc_h23;
-        {
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _source47 = _1363_toLabel;
-          if (_source47.is_None) {
-            {
-              generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("break;");
-            }
-          } else {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1364___mcc_h179 = _source47.dtor_value;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1365_lbl = _1364___mcc_h179;
-            {
-              generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("break 'label_"), _1365_lbl), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
-            }
-          }
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_TailRecursive) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1366___mcc_h24 = _source43.dtor_body;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _1367_body = _1366___mcc_h24;
-        {
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          if (!object.Equals(selfIdent, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None())) {
-            generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(generated, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let mut _this = self.clone();\n"));
-          }
-          BigInteger _1368_paramI;
-          _1368_paramI = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_1368_paramI) < (new BigInteger((@params).Count))) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1369_param;
-            _1369_param = (@params).Select(_1368_paramI);
-            generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(generated, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let mut ")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1369_param)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = ")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1369_param)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone();\n"));
-            _1368_paramI = (_1368_paramI) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1370_bodyString;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1371_bodyIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out152;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out153;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenStmts(_1367_body, ((!object.Equals(selfIdent, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None())) ? (Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_this"))) : (Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None())), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), false, earlyReturn, out _out152, out _out153);
-          _1370_bodyString = _out152;
-          _1371_bodyIdents = _out153;
-          readIdents = _1371_bodyIdents;
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(generated, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("'TAIL_CALL_START: loop {\n")), _1370_bodyString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n}"));
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_JumpTailCallStart) {
-        {
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("continue 'TAIL_CALL_START;");
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-        }
-      } else if (_source43.is_Halt) {
-        {
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("panic!(\"Halt\");");
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-        }
-      } else {
-        DAST._IExpression _1372___mcc_h25 = _source43.dtor_Print_a0;
-        DAST._IExpression _1373_e = _1372___mcc_h25;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1374_printedExpr;
-          bool _1375_isOwned;
-          bool _1376___v30;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1377_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out154;
-          bool _out155;
-          bool _out156;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out157;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1373_e, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out154, out _out155, out _out156, out _out157);
-          _1374_printedExpr = _out154;
-          _1375_isOwned = _out155;
-          _1376___v30 = _out156;
-          _1377_recIdents = _out157;
-          if (_1375_isOwned) {
-            _1374_printedExpr = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&("), _1374_printedExpr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("print!(\"{}\", ::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrintWrapper("), _1374_printedExpr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("));"));
-          readIdents = _1377_recIdents;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    public static void GenExpr(DAST._IExpression e, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> selfIdent, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> @params, bool mustOwn, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s, out bool isOwned, out bool isErased, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents) {
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      isOwned = false;
-      isErased = false;
-      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
-      DAST._IExpression _source48 = e;
-      if (_source48.is_Literal) {
-        DAST._ILiteral _1378___mcc_h0 = _source48.dtor_Literal_a0;
-        DAST._ILiteral _source49 = _1378___mcc_h0;
-        if (_source49.is_BoolLiteral) {
-          bool _1379___mcc_h1 = _source49.dtor_BoolLiteral_a0;
-          if ((_1379___mcc_h1) == (false)) {
-            {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("false");
-              isOwned = true;
-              isErased = false;
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-            }
-          } else {
-            {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("true");
-              isOwned = true;
-              isErased = false;
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-            }
-          }
-        } else if (_source49.is_IntLiteral) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1380___mcc_h2 = _source49.dtor_IntLiteral_a0;
-          DAST._IType _1381___mcc_h3 = _source49.dtor_IntLiteral_a1;
-          DAST._IType _1382_t = _1381___mcc_h3;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1383_i = _1380___mcc_h2;
-          {
-            DAST._IType _source50 = _1382_t;
-            if (_source50.is_Path) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1384___mcc_h237 = _source50.dtor_Path_a0;
-              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1385___mcc_h238 = _source50.dtor_typeArgs;
-              DAST._IResolvedType _1386___mcc_h239 = _source50.dtor_resolved;
-              DAST._IType _1387_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1388_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out158;
-                _out158 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1387_o, false, false);
-                _1388_genType = _out158;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1388_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source50.is_Nullable) {
-              DAST._IType _1389___mcc_h243 = _source50.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-              DAST._IType _1390_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1391_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out159;
-                _out159 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1390_o, false, false);
-                _1391_genType = _out159;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1391_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source50.is_Tuple) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1392___mcc_h245 = _source50.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-              DAST._IType _1393_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1394_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out160;
-                _out160 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1393_o, false, false);
-                _1394_genType = _out160;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1394_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source50.is_Array) {
-              DAST._IType _1395___mcc_h247 = _source50.dtor_element;
-              BigInteger _1396___mcc_h248 = _source50.dtor_dims;
-              DAST._IType _1397_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1398_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out161;
-                _out161 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1397_o, false, false);
-                _1398_genType = _out161;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1398_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source50.is_Seq) {
-              DAST._IType _1399___mcc_h251 = _source50.dtor_element;
-              DAST._IType _1400_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1401_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out162;
-                _out162 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1400_o, false, false);
-                _1401_genType = _out162;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1401_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source50.is_Set) {
-              DAST._IType _1402___mcc_h253 = _source50.dtor_element;
-              DAST._IType _1403_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1404_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out163;
-                _out163 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1403_o, false, false);
-                _1404_genType = _out163;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1404_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source50.is_Multiset) {
-              DAST._IType _1405___mcc_h255 = _source50.dtor_element;
-              DAST._IType _1406_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1407_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out164;
-                _out164 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1406_o, false, false);
-                _1407_genType = _out164;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1407_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source50.is_Map) {
-              DAST._IType _1408___mcc_h257 = _source50.dtor_key;
-              DAST._IType _1409___mcc_h258 = _source50.dtor_value;
-              DAST._IType _1410_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1411_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out165;
-                _out165 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1410_o, false, false);
-                _1411_genType = _out165;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1411_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source50.is_Arrow) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1412___mcc_h261 = _source50.dtor_args;
-              DAST._IType _1413___mcc_h262 = _source50.dtor_result;
-              DAST._IType _1414_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1415_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out166;
-                _out166 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1414_o, false, false);
-                _1415_genType = _out166;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1415_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source50.is_Primitive) {
-              DAST._IPrimitive _1416___mcc_h265 = _source50.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-              DAST._IPrimitive _source51 = _1416___mcc_h265;
-              if (_source51.is_Int) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigInt::parse_bytes(b\""), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\", 10).unwrap()"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source51.is_Real) {
-                DAST._IType _1417_o = _1382_t;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1418_genType;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out167;
-                  _out167 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1417_o, false, false);
-                  _1418_genType = _out167;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1418_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source51.is_String) {
-                DAST._IType _1419_o = _1382_t;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1420_genType;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out168;
-                  _out168 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1419_o, false, false);
-                  _1420_genType = _out168;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1420_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source51.is_Bool) {
-                DAST._IType _1421_o = _1382_t;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1422_genType;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out169;
-                  _out169 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1421_o, false, false);
-                  _1422_genType = _out169;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1422_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else {
-                DAST._IType _1423_o = _1382_t;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1424_genType;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out170;
-                  _out170 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1423_o, false, false);
-                  _1424_genType = _out170;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1424_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source50.is_Passthrough) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1425___mcc_h267 = _source50.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-              DAST._IType _1426_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1427_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out171;
-                _out171 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1426_o, false, false);
-                _1427_genType = _out171;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1427_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1428___mcc_h269 = _source50.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-              DAST._IType _1429_o = _1382_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1430_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out172;
-                _out172 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1429_o, false, false);
-                _1430_genType = _out172;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1383_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), _1430_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            }
-            isOwned = true;
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          }
-        } else if (_source49.is_DecLiteral) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1431___mcc_h4 = _source49.dtor_DecLiteral_a0;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1432___mcc_h5 = _source49.dtor_DecLiteral_a1;
-          DAST._IType _1433___mcc_h6 = _source49.dtor_DecLiteral_a2;
-          DAST._IType _1434_t = _1433___mcc_h6;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1435_d = _1432___mcc_h5;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1436_n = _1431___mcc_h4;
-          {
-            DAST._IType _source52 = _1434_t;
-            if (_source52.is_Path) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1437___mcc_h271 = _source52.dtor_Path_a0;
-              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1438___mcc_h272 = _source52.dtor_typeArgs;
-              DAST._IResolvedType _1439___mcc_h273 = _source52.dtor_resolved;
-              DAST._IType _1440_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1441_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out173;
-                _out173 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1440_o, false, false);
-                _1441_genType = _out173;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1441_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source52.is_Nullable) {
-              DAST._IType _1442___mcc_h277 = _source52.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-              DAST._IType _1443_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1444_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out174;
-                _out174 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1443_o, false, false);
-                _1444_genType = _out174;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1444_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source52.is_Tuple) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1445___mcc_h279 = _source52.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-              DAST._IType _1446_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1447_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out175;
-                _out175 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1446_o, false, false);
-                _1447_genType = _out175;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1447_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source52.is_Array) {
-              DAST._IType _1448___mcc_h281 = _source52.dtor_element;
-              BigInteger _1449___mcc_h282 = _source52.dtor_dims;
-              DAST._IType _1450_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1451_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out176;
-                _out176 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1450_o, false, false);
-                _1451_genType = _out176;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1451_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source52.is_Seq) {
-              DAST._IType _1452___mcc_h285 = _source52.dtor_element;
-              DAST._IType _1453_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1454_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out177;
-                _out177 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1453_o, false, false);
-                _1454_genType = _out177;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1454_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source52.is_Set) {
-              DAST._IType _1455___mcc_h287 = _source52.dtor_element;
-              DAST._IType _1456_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1457_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out178;
-                _out178 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1456_o, false, false);
-                _1457_genType = _out178;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1457_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source52.is_Multiset) {
-              DAST._IType _1458___mcc_h289 = _source52.dtor_element;
-              DAST._IType _1459_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1460_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out179;
-                _out179 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1459_o, false, false);
-                _1460_genType = _out179;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1460_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source52.is_Map) {
-              DAST._IType _1461___mcc_h291 = _source52.dtor_key;
-              DAST._IType _1462___mcc_h292 = _source52.dtor_value;
-              DAST._IType _1463_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1464_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out180;
-                _out180 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1463_o, false, false);
-                _1464_genType = _out180;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1464_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source52.is_Arrow) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1465___mcc_h295 = _source52.dtor_args;
-              DAST._IType _1466___mcc_h296 = _source52.dtor_result;
-              DAST._IType _1467_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1468_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out181;
-                _out181 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1467_o, false, false);
-                _1468_genType = _out181;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1468_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else if (_source52.is_Primitive) {
-              DAST._IPrimitive _1469___mcc_h299 = _source52.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-              DAST._IPrimitive _source53 = _1469___mcc_h299;
-              if (_source53.is_Int) {
-                DAST._IType _1470_o = _1434_t;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1471_genType;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out182;
-                  _out182 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1470_o, false, false);
-                  _1471_genType = _out182;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1471_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source53.is_Real) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigRational::new(::dafny_runtime::BigInt::parse_bytes(b\""), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\", 10).unwrap(), ::dafny_runtime::BigInt::parse_bytes(b\"")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\", 10).unwrap())"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source53.is_String) {
-                DAST._IType _1472_o = _1434_t;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1473_genType;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out183;
-                  _out183 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1472_o, false, false);
-                  _1473_genType = _out183;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1473_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source53.is_Bool) {
-                DAST._IType _1474_o = _1434_t;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1475_genType;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out184;
-                  _out184 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1474_o, false, false);
-                  _1475_genType = _out184;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1475_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else {
-                DAST._IType _1476_o = _1434_t;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1477_genType;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out185;
-                  _out185 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1476_o, false, false);
-                  _1477_genType = _out185;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1477_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source52.is_Passthrough) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1478___mcc_h301 = _source52.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-              DAST._IType _1479_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1480_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out186;
-                _out186 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1479_o, false, false);
-                _1480_genType = _out186;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1480_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            } else {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1481___mcc_h303 = _source52.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-              DAST._IType _1482_o = _1434_t;
-              {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1483_genType;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out187;
-                _out187 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1482_o, false, false);
-                _1483_genType = _out187;
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _1436_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _1435_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _1483_genType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-            }
-            isOwned = true;
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          }
-        } else if (_source49.is_StringLiteral) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1484___mcc_h7 = _source49.dtor_StringLiteral_a0;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1485_l = _1484___mcc_h7;
-          {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\""), _1485_l), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\".chars().collect::<Vec<char>>()"));
-            isOwned = true;
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          }
-        } else if (_source49.is_CharLiteral) {
-          Dafny.Rune _1486___mcc_h8 = _source49.dtor_CharLiteral_a0;
-          Dafny.Rune _1487_c = _1486___mcc_h8;
-          {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::primitive::char::from_u32("), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(new BigInteger((_1487_c).Value))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap()"));
-            isOwned = true;
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          }
-        } else {
-          DAST._IType _1488___mcc_h9 = _source49.dtor_Null_a0;
-          DAST._IType _1489_tpe = _1488___mcc_h9;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1490_tpeGen;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out188;
-            _out188 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1489_tpe, false, false);
-            _1490_tpeGen = _out188;
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(None as "), _1490_tpeGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            isOwned = true;
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_Ident) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1491___mcc_h10 = _source48.dtor_Ident_a0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1492_name = _1491___mcc_h10;
-        {
-          s = DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1492_name);
-          if (!((@params).Contains(_1492_name))) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(&"), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          if (mustOwn) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-            isOwned = true;
-          } else {
-            isOwned = false;
-          }
-          isErased = false;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_1492_name);
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_Companion) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1493___mcc_h11 = _source48.dtor_Companion_a0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1494_path = _1493___mcc_h11;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out189;
-          _out189 = DCOMP.COMP.GenPath(_1494_path);
-          s = _out189;
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = true;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_Tuple) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1495___mcc_h12 = _source48.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1496_values = _1495___mcc_h12;
-        {
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(");
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          BigInteger _1497_i;
-          _1497_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_1497_i) < (new BigInteger((_1496_values).Count))) {
-            if ((_1497_i).Sign == 1) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "));
-            }
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1498_recursiveGen;
-            bool _1499___v31;
-            bool _1500_isErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1501_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out190;
-            bool _out191;
-            bool _out192;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out193;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_1496_values).Select(_1497_i), selfIdent, @params, true, out _out190, out _out191, out _out192, out _out193);
-            _1498_recursiveGen = _out190;
-            _1499___v31 = _out191;
-            _1500_isErased = _out192;
-            _1501_recIdents = _out193;
-            if (_1500_isErased) {
-              _1498_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned("), _1498_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _1498_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","));
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1501_recIdents);
-            _1497_i = (_1497_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = false;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_New) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1502___mcc_h13 = _source48.dtor_path;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1503___mcc_h14 = _source48.dtor_typeArgs;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1504___mcc_h15 = _source48.dtor_args;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1505_args = _1504___mcc_h15;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1506_typeArgs = _1503___mcc_h14;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1507_path = _1502___mcc_h13;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1508_path;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out194;
-          _out194 = DCOMP.COMP.GenPath(_1507_path);
-          _1508_path = _out194;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::new("), _1508_path);
-          if ((new BigInteger((_1506_typeArgs).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::<"));
-            BigInteger _1509_i;
-            _1509_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-            while ((_1509_i) < (new BigInteger((_1506_typeArgs).Count))) {
-              if ((_1509_i).Sign == 1) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::"));
-              }
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1510_typeString;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out195;
-              _out195 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((_1506_typeArgs).Select(_1509_i), false, false);
-              _1510_typeString = _out195;
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _1510_typeString);
-              _1509_i = (_1509_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::new("));
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          BigInteger _1511_i;
-          _1511_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_1511_i) < (new BigInteger((_1505_args).Count))) {
-            if ((_1511_i).Sign == 1) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1512_recursiveGen;
-            bool _1513___v32;
-            bool _1514_isErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1515_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out196;
-            bool _out197;
-            bool _out198;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out199;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_1505_args).Select(_1511_i), selfIdent, @params, true, out _out196, out _out197, out _out198, out _out199);
-            _1512_recursiveGen = _out196;
-            _1513___v32 = _out197;
-            _1514_isErased = _out198;
-            _1515_recIdents = _out199;
-            if (_1514_isErased) {
-              _1512_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned("), _1512_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _1512_recursiveGen);
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1515_recIdents);
-            _1511_i = (_1511_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = true;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_NewArray) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1516___mcc_h16 = _source48.dtor_dims;
-        DAST._IType _1517___mcc_h17 = _source48.dtor_typ;
-        DAST._IType _1518_typ = _1517___mcc_h17;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _1519_dims = _1516___mcc_h16;
-        {
-          BigInteger _1520_i;
-          _1520_i = (new BigInteger((_1519_dims).Count)) - (BigInteger.One);
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1521_genTyp;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out200;
-          _out200 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1518_typ, false, false);
-          _1521_genTyp = _out200;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _1521_genTyp), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::std::default::Default>::default()"));
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          while ((_1520_i).Sign != -1) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1522_recursiveGen;
-            bool _1523___v33;
-            bool _1524_isErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1525_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out201;
-            bool _out202;
-            bool _out203;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out204;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_1519_dims).Select(_1520_i), selfIdent, @params, true, out _out201, out _out202, out _out203, out _out204);
-            _1522_recursiveGen = _out201;
-            _1523___v33 = _out202;
-            _1524_isErased = _out203;
-            _1525_recIdents = _out204;
-            if (!(_1524_isErased)) {
-              _1522_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _1522_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::new(::std::cell::RefCell::new(vec!["), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("; <usize as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(")), _1522_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap()]))"));
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1525_recIdents);
-            _1520_i = (_1520_i) - (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = false;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_DatatypeValue) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1526___mcc_h18 = _source48.dtor_path;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1527___mcc_h19 = _source48.dtor_typeArgs;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1528___mcc_h20 = _source48.dtor_variant;
-        bool _1529___mcc_h21 = _source48.dtor_isCo;
-        Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> _1530___mcc_h22 = _source48.dtor_contents;
-        Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> _1531_values = _1530___mcc_h22;
-        bool _1532_isCo = _1529___mcc_h21;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1533_variant = _1528___mcc_h20;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1534_typeArgs = _1527___mcc_h19;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1535_path = _1526___mcc_h18;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1536_path;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out205;
-          _out205 = DCOMP.COMP.GenPath(_1535_path);
-          _1536_path = _out205;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::new("), _1536_path), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::"));
-          if ((new BigInteger((_1534_typeArgs).Count)).Sign == 1) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"));
-            BigInteger _1537_i;
-            _1537_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-            while ((_1537_i) < (new BigInteger((_1534_typeArgs).Count))) {
-              if ((_1537_i).Sign == 1) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-              }
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1538_typeString;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out206;
-              _out206 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((_1534_typeArgs).Select(_1537_i), false, false);
-              _1538_typeString = _out206;
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _1538_typeString);
-              _1537_i = (_1537_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">::"));
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1533_variant));
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          BigInteger _1539_i;
-          _1539_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {"));
-          while ((_1539_i) < (new BigInteger((_1531_values).Count))) {
-            _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression> _let_tmp_rhs41 = (_1531_values).Select(_1539_i);
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1540_name = _let_tmp_rhs41.dtor__0;
-            DAST._IExpression _1541_value = _let_tmp_rhs41.dtor__1;
-            if ((_1539_i).Sign == 1) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            if (_1532_isCo) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1542_recursiveGen;
-              bool _1543___v34;
-              bool _1544_isErased;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1545_recIdents;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out207;
-              bool _out208;
-              bool _out209;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out210;
-              DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1541_value, selfIdent, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), true, out _out207, out _out208, out _out209, out _out210);
-              _1542_recursiveGen = _out207;
-              _1543___v34 = _out208;
-              _1544_isErased = _out209;
-              _1545_recIdents = _out210;
-              if (!(_1544_isErased)) {
-                _1542_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _1542_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              _1542_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned("), _1542_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1545_recIdents);
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1546_allReadCloned;
-              _1546_allReadCloned = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-              while (!(_1545_recIdents).Equals(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements())) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1547_next;
-                foreach (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _assign_such_that_2 in (_1545_recIdents).Elements) {
-                  _1547_next = (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>)_assign_such_that_2;
-                  if ((_1545_recIdents).Contains(_1547_next)) {
-                    goto after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_2;
-                  }
-                }
-                throw new System.Exception("assign-such-that search produced no value (line 1839)");
-              after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_2:;
-                _1546_allReadCloned = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1546_allReadCloned, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let ")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1547_next)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = ")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1547_next)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone();\n"));
-                _1545_recIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_1545_recIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_1547_next));
-              }
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1540_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ::dafny_runtime::LazyFieldWrapper(::dafny_runtime::Lazy::new(::std::boxed::Box::new({\n")), _1546_allReadCloned), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("move || (")), _1542_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")})))"));
-            } else {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1548_recursiveGen;
-              bool _1549___v35;
-              bool _1550_isErased;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1551_recIdents;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out211;
-              bool _out212;
-              bool _out213;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out214;
-              DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1541_value, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out211, out _out212, out _out213, out _out214);
-              _1548_recursiveGen = _out211;
-              _1549___v35 = _out212;
-              _1550_isErased = _out213;
-              _1551_recIdents = _out214;
-              if (!(_1550_isErased)) {
-                _1548_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _1548_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              _1548_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned("), _1548_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_1540_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1548_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _1551_recIdents);
-            }
-            _1539_i = (_1539_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" })"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = false;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_Convert) {
-        DAST._IExpression _1552___mcc_h23 = _source48.dtor_value;
-        DAST._IType _1553___mcc_h24 = _source48.dtor_from;
-        DAST._IType _1554___mcc_h25 = _source48.dtor_typ;
-        DAST._IType _1555_toTpe = _1554___mcc_h25;
-        DAST._IType _1556_fromTpe = _1553___mcc_h24;
-        DAST._IExpression _1557_expr = _1552___mcc_h23;
-        {
-          if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _1555_toTpe)) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1558_recursiveGen;
-            bool _1559_recOwned;
-            bool _1560_recErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1561_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out215;
-            bool _out216;
-            bool _out217;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out218;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out215, out _out216, out _out217, out _out218);
-            _1558_recursiveGen = _out215;
-            _1559_recOwned = _out216;
-            _1560_recErased = _out217;
-            _1561_recIdents = _out218;
-            s = _1558_recursiveGen;
-            isOwned = _1559_recOwned;
-            isErased = _1560_recErased;
-            readIdents = _1561_recIdents;
-          } else {
-            _System._ITuple2<DAST._IType, DAST._IType> _source54 = _System.Tuple2<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>.create(_1556_fromTpe, _1555_toTpe);
-            DAST._IType _1562___mcc_h305 = _source54.dtor__0;
-            DAST._IType _1563___mcc_h306 = _source54.dtor__1;
-            DAST._IType _source55 = _1562___mcc_h305;
-            if (_source55.is_Path) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1564___mcc_h309 = _source55.dtor_Path_a0;
-              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1565___mcc_h310 = _source55.dtor_typeArgs;
-              DAST._IResolvedType _1566___mcc_h311 = _source55.dtor_resolved;
-              DAST._IResolvedType _source56 = _1566___mcc_h311;
-              if (_source56.is_Datatype) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1567___mcc_h321 = _source56.dtor_path;
-                DAST._IType _source57 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-                if (_source57.is_Path) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1568___mcc_h325 = _source57.dtor_Path_a0;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1569___mcc_h326 = _source57.dtor_typeArgs;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _1570___mcc_h327 = _source57.dtor_resolved;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _source58 = _1570___mcc_h327;
-                  if (_source58.is_Datatype) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1571___mcc_h331 = _source58.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1572_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1573_recOwned;
-                      bool _1574_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1575_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out219;
-                      bool _out220;
-                      bool _out221;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out222;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out219, out _out220, out _out221, out _out222);
-                      _1572_recursiveGen = _out219;
-                      _1573_recOwned = _out220;
-                      _1574_recErased = _out221;
-                      _1575_recIdents = _out222;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1572_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _1573_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _1574_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _1575_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source58.is_Trait) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1576___mcc_h333 = _source58.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1577_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1578_recOwned;
-                      bool _1579_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1580_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out223;
-                      bool _out224;
-                      bool _out225;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out226;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out223, out _out224, out _out225, out _out226);
-                      _1577_recursiveGen = _out223;
-                      _1578_recOwned = _out224;
-                      _1579_recErased = _out225;
-                      _1580_recIdents = _out226;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1577_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _1578_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _1579_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _1580_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    DAST._IType _1581___mcc_h335 = _source58.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                    DAST._IType _1582_b = _1581___mcc_h335;
-                    {
-                      if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _1582_b)) {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1583_recursiveGen;
-                        bool _1584_recOwned;
-                        bool _1585_recErased;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1586_recIdents;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out227;
-                        bool _out228;
-                        bool _out229;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out230;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out227, out _out228, out _out229, out _out230);
-                        _1583_recursiveGen = _out227;
-                        _1584_recOwned = _out228;
-                        _1585_recErased = _out229;
-                        _1586_recIdents = _out230;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1587_rhsType;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out231;
-                        _out231 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                        _1587_rhsType = _out231;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1588_uneraseFn;
-                        _1588_uneraseFn = ((_1584_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _1587_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _1588_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1583_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                        isOwned = _1584_recOwned;
-                        isErased = false;
-                        readIdents = _1586_recIdents;
-                      } else {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out232;
-                        bool _out233;
-                        bool _out234;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out235;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1582_b), _1582_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out232, out _out233, out _out234, out _out235);
-                        s = _out232;
-                        isOwned = _out233;
-                        isErased = _out234;
-                        readIdents = _out235;
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source57.is_Nullable) {
-                  DAST._IType _1589___mcc_h337 = _source57.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1590_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1591_recOwned;
-                    bool _1592_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1593_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out236;
-                    bool _out237;
-                    bool _out238;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out239;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out236, out _out237, out _out238, out _out239);
-                    _1590_recursiveGen = _out236;
-                    _1591_recOwned = _out237;
-                    _1592_recErased = _out238;
-                    _1593_recIdents = _out239;
-                    if (!(_1591_recOwned)) {
-                      _1590_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1590_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _1590_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    isOwned = true;
-                    isErased = _1592_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1593_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source57.is_Tuple) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1594___mcc_h339 = _source57.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1595_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1596_recOwned;
-                    bool _1597_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1598_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out240;
-                    bool _out241;
-                    bool _out242;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out243;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out240, out _out241, out _out242, out _out243);
-                    _1595_recursiveGen = _out240;
-                    _1596_recOwned = _out241;
-                    _1597_recErased = _out242;
-                    _1598_recIdents = _out243;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1595_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1596_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1597_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1598_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source57.is_Array) {
-                  DAST._IType _1599___mcc_h341 = _source57.dtor_element;
-                  BigInteger _1600___mcc_h342 = _source57.dtor_dims;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1601_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1602_recOwned;
-                    bool _1603_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1604_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out244;
-                    bool _out245;
-                    bool _out246;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out247;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out244, out _out245, out _out246, out _out247);
-                    _1601_recursiveGen = _out244;
-                    _1602_recOwned = _out245;
-                    _1603_recErased = _out246;
-                    _1604_recIdents = _out247;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1601_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1602_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1603_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1604_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source57.is_Seq) {
-                  DAST._IType _1605___mcc_h345 = _source57.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1606_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1607_recOwned;
-                    bool _1608_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1609_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out248;
-                    bool _out249;
-                    bool _out250;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out251;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out248, out _out249, out _out250, out _out251);
-                    _1606_recursiveGen = _out248;
-                    _1607_recOwned = _out249;
-                    _1608_recErased = _out250;
-                    _1609_recIdents = _out251;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1606_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1607_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1608_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1609_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source57.is_Set) {
-                  DAST._IType _1610___mcc_h347 = _source57.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1611_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1612_recOwned;
-                    bool _1613_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1614_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out252;
-                    bool _out253;
-                    bool _out254;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out255;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out252, out _out253, out _out254, out _out255);
-                    _1611_recursiveGen = _out252;
-                    _1612_recOwned = _out253;
-                    _1613_recErased = _out254;
-                    _1614_recIdents = _out255;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1611_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1612_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1613_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1614_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source57.is_Multiset) {
-                  DAST._IType _1615___mcc_h349 = _source57.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1616_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1617_recOwned;
-                    bool _1618_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1619_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out256;
-                    bool _out257;
-                    bool _out258;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out259;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out256, out _out257, out _out258, out _out259);
-                    _1616_recursiveGen = _out256;
-                    _1617_recOwned = _out257;
-                    _1618_recErased = _out258;
-                    _1619_recIdents = _out259;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1616_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1617_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1618_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1619_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source57.is_Map) {
-                  DAST._IType _1620___mcc_h351 = _source57.dtor_key;
-                  DAST._IType _1621___mcc_h352 = _source57.dtor_value;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1622_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1623_recOwned;
-                    bool _1624_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1625_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out260;
-                    bool _out261;
-                    bool _out262;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out263;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out260, out _out261, out _out262, out _out263);
-                    _1622_recursiveGen = _out260;
-                    _1623_recOwned = _out261;
-                    _1624_recErased = _out262;
-                    _1625_recIdents = _out263;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1622_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1623_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1624_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1625_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source57.is_Arrow) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1626___mcc_h355 = _source57.dtor_args;
-                  DAST._IType _1627___mcc_h356 = _source57.dtor_result;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1628_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1629_recOwned;
-                    bool _1630_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1631_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out264;
-                    bool _out265;
-                    bool _out266;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out267;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out264, out _out265, out _out266, out _out267);
-                    _1628_recursiveGen = _out264;
-                    _1629_recOwned = _out265;
-                    _1630_recErased = _out266;
-                    _1631_recIdents = _out267;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1628_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1629_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1630_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1631_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source57.is_Primitive) {
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _1632___mcc_h359 = _source57.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1633_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1634_recOwned;
-                    bool _1635_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1636_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out268;
-                    bool _out269;
-                    bool _out270;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out271;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out268, out _out269, out _out270, out _out271);
-                    _1633_recursiveGen = _out268;
-                    _1634_recOwned = _out269;
-                    _1635_recErased = _out270;
-                    _1636_recIdents = _out271;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1633_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1634_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1635_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1636_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source57.is_Passthrough) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1637___mcc_h361 = _source57.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1638_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1639_recOwned;
-                    bool _1640_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1641_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out272;
-                    bool _out273;
-                    bool _out274;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out275;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out272, out _out273, out _out274, out _out275);
-                    _1638_recursiveGen = _out272;
-                    _1639_recOwned = _out273;
-                    _1640_recErased = _out274;
-                    _1641_recIdents = _out275;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1638_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1639_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1640_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1641_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1642___mcc_h363 = _source57.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1643_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1644_recOwned;
-                    bool _1645_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1646_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out276;
-                    bool _out277;
-                    bool _out278;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out279;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out276, out _out277, out _out278, out _out279);
-                    _1643_recursiveGen = _out276;
-                    _1644_recOwned = _out277;
-                    _1645_recErased = _out278;
-                    _1646_recIdents = _out279;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1643_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1644_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1645_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1646_recIdents;
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source56.is_Trait) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1647___mcc_h365 = _source56.dtor_path;
-                DAST._IType _source59 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-                if (_source59.is_Path) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1648___mcc_h369 = _source59.dtor_Path_a0;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1649___mcc_h370 = _source59.dtor_typeArgs;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _1650___mcc_h371 = _source59.dtor_resolved;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _source60 = _1650___mcc_h371;
-                  if (_source60.is_Datatype) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1651___mcc_h375 = _source60.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1652_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1653_recOwned;
-                      bool _1654_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1655_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out280;
-                      bool _out281;
-                      bool _out282;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out283;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out280, out _out281, out _out282, out _out283);
-                      _1652_recursiveGen = _out280;
-                      _1653_recOwned = _out281;
-                      _1654_recErased = _out282;
-                      _1655_recIdents = _out283;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1652_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _1653_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _1654_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _1655_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source60.is_Trait) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1656___mcc_h377 = _source60.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1657_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1658_recOwned;
-                      bool _1659_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1660_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out284;
-                      bool _out285;
-                      bool _out286;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out287;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out284, out _out285, out _out286, out _out287);
-                      _1657_recursiveGen = _out284;
-                      _1658_recOwned = _out285;
-                      _1659_recErased = _out286;
-                      _1660_recIdents = _out287;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1657_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _1658_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _1659_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _1660_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    DAST._IType _1661___mcc_h379 = _source60.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                    DAST._IType _1662_b = _1661___mcc_h379;
-                    {
-                      if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _1662_b)) {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1663_recursiveGen;
-                        bool _1664_recOwned;
-                        bool _1665_recErased;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1666_recIdents;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out288;
-                        bool _out289;
-                        bool _out290;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out291;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out288, out _out289, out _out290, out _out291);
-                        _1663_recursiveGen = _out288;
-                        _1664_recOwned = _out289;
-                        _1665_recErased = _out290;
-                        _1666_recIdents = _out291;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1667_rhsType;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out292;
-                        _out292 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                        _1667_rhsType = _out292;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1668_uneraseFn;
-                        _1668_uneraseFn = ((_1664_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _1667_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _1668_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1663_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                        isOwned = _1664_recOwned;
-                        isErased = false;
-                        readIdents = _1666_recIdents;
-                      } else {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out293;
-                        bool _out294;
-                        bool _out295;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out296;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1662_b), _1662_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out293, out _out294, out _out295, out _out296);
-                        s = _out293;
-                        isOwned = _out294;
-                        isErased = _out295;
-                        readIdents = _out296;
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source59.is_Nullable) {
-                  DAST._IType _1669___mcc_h381 = _source59.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1670_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1671_recOwned;
-                    bool _1672_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1673_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out297;
-                    bool _out298;
-                    bool _out299;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out300;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out297, out _out298, out _out299, out _out300);
-                    _1670_recursiveGen = _out297;
-                    _1671_recOwned = _out298;
-                    _1672_recErased = _out299;
-                    _1673_recIdents = _out300;
-                    if (!(_1671_recOwned)) {
-                      _1670_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1670_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _1670_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    isOwned = true;
-                    isErased = _1672_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1673_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source59.is_Tuple) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1674___mcc_h383 = _source59.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1675_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1676_recOwned;
-                    bool _1677_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1678_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out301;
-                    bool _out302;
-                    bool _out303;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out304;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out301, out _out302, out _out303, out _out304);
-                    _1675_recursiveGen = _out301;
-                    _1676_recOwned = _out302;
-                    _1677_recErased = _out303;
-                    _1678_recIdents = _out304;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1675_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1676_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1677_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1678_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source59.is_Array) {
-                  DAST._IType _1679___mcc_h385 = _source59.dtor_element;
-                  BigInteger _1680___mcc_h386 = _source59.dtor_dims;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1681_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1682_recOwned;
-                    bool _1683_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1684_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out305;
-                    bool _out306;
-                    bool _out307;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out308;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out305, out _out306, out _out307, out _out308);
-                    _1681_recursiveGen = _out305;
-                    _1682_recOwned = _out306;
-                    _1683_recErased = _out307;
-                    _1684_recIdents = _out308;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1681_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1682_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1683_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1684_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source59.is_Seq) {
-                  DAST._IType _1685___mcc_h389 = _source59.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1686_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1687_recOwned;
-                    bool _1688_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1689_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out309;
-                    bool _out310;
-                    bool _out311;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out312;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out309, out _out310, out _out311, out _out312);
-                    _1686_recursiveGen = _out309;
-                    _1687_recOwned = _out310;
-                    _1688_recErased = _out311;
-                    _1689_recIdents = _out312;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1686_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1687_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1688_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1689_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source59.is_Set) {
-                  DAST._IType _1690___mcc_h391 = _source59.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1691_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1692_recOwned;
-                    bool _1693_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1694_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out313;
-                    bool _out314;
-                    bool _out315;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out316;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out313, out _out314, out _out315, out _out316);
-                    _1691_recursiveGen = _out313;
-                    _1692_recOwned = _out314;
-                    _1693_recErased = _out315;
-                    _1694_recIdents = _out316;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1691_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1692_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1693_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1694_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source59.is_Multiset) {
-                  DAST._IType _1695___mcc_h393 = _source59.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1696_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1697_recOwned;
-                    bool _1698_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1699_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out317;
-                    bool _out318;
-                    bool _out319;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out320;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out317, out _out318, out _out319, out _out320);
-                    _1696_recursiveGen = _out317;
-                    _1697_recOwned = _out318;
-                    _1698_recErased = _out319;
-                    _1699_recIdents = _out320;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1696_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1697_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1698_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1699_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source59.is_Map) {
-                  DAST._IType _1700___mcc_h395 = _source59.dtor_key;
-                  DAST._IType _1701___mcc_h396 = _source59.dtor_value;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1702_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1703_recOwned;
-                    bool _1704_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1705_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out321;
-                    bool _out322;
-                    bool _out323;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out324;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out321, out _out322, out _out323, out _out324);
-                    _1702_recursiveGen = _out321;
-                    _1703_recOwned = _out322;
-                    _1704_recErased = _out323;
-                    _1705_recIdents = _out324;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1702_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1703_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1704_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1705_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source59.is_Arrow) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1706___mcc_h399 = _source59.dtor_args;
-                  DAST._IType _1707___mcc_h400 = _source59.dtor_result;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1708_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1709_recOwned;
-                    bool _1710_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1711_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out325;
-                    bool _out326;
-                    bool _out327;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out328;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out325, out _out326, out _out327, out _out328);
-                    _1708_recursiveGen = _out325;
-                    _1709_recOwned = _out326;
-                    _1710_recErased = _out327;
-                    _1711_recIdents = _out328;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1708_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1709_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1710_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1711_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source59.is_Primitive) {
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _1712___mcc_h403 = _source59.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1713_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1714_recOwned;
-                    bool _1715_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1716_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out329;
-                    bool _out330;
-                    bool _out331;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out332;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out329, out _out330, out _out331, out _out332);
-                    _1713_recursiveGen = _out329;
-                    _1714_recOwned = _out330;
-                    _1715_recErased = _out331;
-                    _1716_recIdents = _out332;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1713_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1714_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1715_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1716_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source59.is_Passthrough) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1717___mcc_h405 = _source59.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1718_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1719_recOwned;
-                    bool _1720_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1721_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out333;
-                    bool _out334;
-                    bool _out335;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out336;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out333, out _out334, out _out335, out _out336);
-                    _1718_recursiveGen = _out333;
-                    _1719_recOwned = _out334;
-                    _1720_recErased = _out335;
-                    _1721_recIdents = _out336;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1718_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1719_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1720_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1721_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1722___mcc_h407 = _source59.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1723_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1724_recOwned;
-                    bool _1725_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1726_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out337;
-                    bool _out338;
-                    bool _out339;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out340;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out337, out _out338, out _out339, out _out340);
-                    _1723_recursiveGen = _out337;
-                    _1724_recOwned = _out338;
-                    _1725_recErased = _out339;
-                    _1726_recIdents = _out340;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1723_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1724_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1725_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1726_recIdents;
-                  }
-                }
-              } else {
-                DAST._IType _1727___mcc_h409 = _source56.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                DAST._IType _source61 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-                if (_source61.is_Path) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1728___mcc_h413 = _source61.dtor_Path_a0;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1729___mcc_h414 = _source61.dtor_typeArgs;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _1730___mcc_h415 = _source61.dtor_resolved;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _source62 = _1730___mcc_h415;
-                  if (_source62.is_Datatype) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1731___mcc_h422 = _source62.dtor_path;
-                    DAST._IType _1732_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                    {
-                      if (object.Equals(_1732_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1733_recursiveGen;
-                        bool _1734_recOwned;
-                        bool _1735_recErased;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1736_recIdents;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out341;
-                        bool _out342;
-                        bool _out343;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out344;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out341, out _out342, out _out343, out _out344);
-                        _1733_recursiveGen = _out341;
-                        _1734_recOwned = _out342;
-                        _1735_recErased = _out343;
-                        _1736_recIdents = _out344;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1737_uneraseFn;
-                        _1737_uneraseFn = ((_1734_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1737_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1733_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                        isOwned = _1734_recOwned;
-                        isErased = true;
-                        readIdents = _1736_recIdents;
-                      } else {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out345;
-                        bool _out346;
-                        bool _out347;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out348;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1732_b), _1732_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out345, out _out346, out _out347, out _out348);
-                        s = _out345;
-                        isOwned = _out346;
-                        isErased = _out347;
-                        readIdents = _out348;
-                      }
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source62.is_Trait) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1738___mcc_h425 = _source62.dtor_path;
-                    DAST._IType _1739_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                    {
-                      if (object.Equals(_1739_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1740_recursiveGen;
-                        bool _1741_recOwned;
-                        bool _1742_recErased;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1743_recIdents;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out349;
-                        bool _out350;
-                        bool _out351;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out352;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out349, out _out350, out _out351, out _out352);
-                        _1740_recursiveGen = _out349;
-                        _1741_recOwned = _out350;
-                        _1742_recErased = _out351;
-                        _1743_recIdents = _out352;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1744_uneraseFn;
-                        _1744_uneraseFn = ((_1741_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1744_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1740_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                        isOwned = _1741_recOwned;
-                        isErased = true;
-                        readIdents = _1743_recIdents;
-                      } else {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out353;
-                        bool _out354;
-                        bool _out355;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out356;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1739_b), _1739_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out353, out _out354, out _out355, out _out356);
-                        s = _out353;
-                        isOwned = _out354;
-                        isErased = _out355;
-                        readIdents = _out356;
-                      }
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    DAST._IType _1745___mcc_h428 = _source62.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                    DAST._IType _1746_b = _1745___mcc_h428;
-                    {
-                      if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _1746_b)) {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1747_recursiveGen;
-                        bool _1748_recOwned;
-                        bool _1749_recErased;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1750_recIdents;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out357;
-                        bool _out358;
-                        bool _out359;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out360;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out357, out _out358, out _out359, out _out360);
-                        _1747_recursiveGen = _out357;
-                        _1748_recOwned = _out358;
-                        _1749_recErased = _out359;
-                        _1750_recIdents = _out360;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1751_rhsType;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out361;
-                        _out361 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                        _1751_rhsType = _out361;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1752_uneraseFn;
-                        _1752_uneraseFn = ((_1748_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _1751_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _1752_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1747_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                        isOwned = _1748_recOwned;
-                        isErased = false;
-                        readIdents = _1750_recIdents;
-                      } else {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out362;
-                        bool _out363;
-                        bool _out364;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out365;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1746_b), _1746_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out362, out _out363, out _out364, out _out365);
-                        s = _out362;
-                        isOwned = _out363;
-                        isErased = _out364;
-                        readIdents = _out365;
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source61.is_Nullable) {
-                  DAST._IType _1753___mcc_h431 = _source61.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1754_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1755_recOwned;
-                    bool _1756_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1757_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out366;
-                    bool _out367;
-                    bool _out368;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out369;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out366, out _out367, out _out368, out _out369);
-                    _1754_recursiveGen = _out366;
-                    _1755_recOwned = _out367;
-                    _1756_recErased = _out368;
-                    _1757_recIdents = _out369;
-                    if (!(_1755_recOwned)) {
-                      _1754_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1754_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _1754_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    isOwned = true;
-                    isErased = _1756_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1757_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source61.is_Tuple) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1758___mcc_h434 = _source61.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _1759_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1759_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1760_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1761_recOwned;
-                      bool _1762_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1763_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out370;
-                      bool _out371;
-                      bool _out372;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out373;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out370, out _out371, out _out372, out _out373);
-                      _1760_recursiveGen = _out370;
-                      _1761_recOwned = _out371;
-                      _1762_recErased = _out372;
-                      _1763_recIdents = _out373;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1764_uneraseFn;
-                      _1764_uneraseFn = ((_1761_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1764_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1760_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1761_recOwned;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _1763_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out374;
-                      bool _out375;
-                      bool _out376;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out377;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1759_b), _1759_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out374, out _out375, out _out376, out _out377);
-                      s = _out374;
-                      isOwned = _out375;
-                      isErased = _out376;
-                      readIdents = _out377;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source61.is_Array) {
-                  DAST._IType _1765___mcc_h437 = _source61.dtor_element;
-                  BigInteger _1766___mcc_h438 = _source61.dtor_dims;
-                  DAST._IType _1767_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1767_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1768_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1769_recOwned;
-                      bool _1770_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1771_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out378;
-                      bool _out379;
-                      bool _out380;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out381;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out378, out _out379, out _out380, out _out381);
-                      _1768_recursiveGen = _out378;
-                      _1769_recOwned = _out379;
-                      _1770_recErased = _out380;
-                      _1771_recIdents = _out381;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1772_uneraseFn;
-                      _1772_uneraseFn = ((_1769_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1772_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1768_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1769_recOwned;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _1771_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out382;
-                      bool _out383;
-                      bool _out384;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out385;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1767_b), _1767_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out382, out _out383, out _out384, out _out385);
-                      s = _out382;
-                      isOwned = _out383;
-                      isErased = _out384;
-                      readIdents = _out385;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source61.is_Seq) {
-                  DAST._IType _1773___mcc_h443 = _source61.dtor_element;
-                  DAST._IType _1774_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1774_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1775_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1776_recOwned;
-                      bool _1777_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1778_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out386;
-                      bool _out387;
-                      bool _out388;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out389;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out386, out _out387, out _out388, out _out389);
-                      _1775_recursiveGen = _out386;
-                      _1776_recOwned = _out387;
-                      _1777_recErased = _out388;
-                      _1778_recIdents = _out389;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1779_uneraseFn;
-                      _1779_uneraseFn = ((_1776_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1779_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1775_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1776_recOwned;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _1778_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out390;
-                      bool _out391;
-                      bool _out392;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out393;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1774_b), _1774_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out390, out _out391, out _out392, out _out393);
-                      s = _out390;
-                      isOwned = _out391;
-                      isErased = _out392;
-                      readIdents = _out393;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source61.is_Set) {
-                  DAST._IType _1780___mcc_h446 = _source61.dtor_element;
-                  DAST._IType _1781_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1781_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1782_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1783_recOwned;
-                      bool _1784_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1785_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out394;
-                      bool _out395;
-                      bool _out396;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out397;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out394, out _out395, out _out396, out _out397);
-                      _1782_recursiveGen = _out394;
-                      _1783_recOwned = _out395;
-                      _1784_recErased = _out396;
-                      _1785_recIdents = _out397;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1786_uneraseFn;
-                      _1786_uneraseFn = ((_1783_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1786_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1782_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1783_recOwned;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _1785_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out398;
-                      bool _out399;
-                      bool _out400;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out401;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1781_b), _1781_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out398, out _out399, out _out400, out _out401);
-                      s = _out398;
-                      isOwned = _out399;
-                      isErased = _out400;
-                      readIdents = _out401;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source61.is_Multiset) {
-                  DAST._IType _1787___mcc_h449 = _source61.dtor_element;
-                  DAST._IType _1788_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1788_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1789_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1790_recOwned;
-                      bool _1791_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1792_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out402;
-                      bool _out403;
-                      bool _out404;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out405;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out402, out _out403, out _out404, out _out405);
-                      _1789_recursiveGen = _out402;
-                      _1790_recOwned = _out403;
-                      _1791_recErased = _out404;
-                      _1792_recIdents = _out405;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1793_uneraseFn;
-                      _1793_uneraseFn = ((_1790_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1793_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1789_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1790_recOwned;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _1792_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out406;
-                      bool _out407;
-                      bool _out408;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out409;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1788_b), _1788_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out406, out _out407, out _out408, out _out409);
-                      s = _out406;
-                      isOwned = _out407;
-                      isErased = _out408;
-                      readIdents = _out409;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source61.is_Map) {
-                  DAST._IType _1794___mcc_h452 = _source61.dtor_key;
-                  DAST._IType _1795___mcc_h453 = _source61.dtor_value;
-                  DAST._IType _1796_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1796_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1797_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1798_recOwned;
-                      bool _1799_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1800_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out410;
-                      bool _out411;
-                      bool _out412;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out413;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out410, out _out411, out _out412, out _out413);
-                      _1797_recursiveGen = _out410;
-                      _1798_recOwned = _out411;
-                      _1799_recErased = _out412;
-                      _1800_recIdents = _out413;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1801_uneraseFn;
-                      _1801_uneraseFn = ((_1798_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1801_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1797_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1798_recOwned;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _1800_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out414;
-                      bool _out415;
-                      bool _out416;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out417;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1796_b), _1796_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out414, out _out415, out _out416, out _out417);
-                      s = _out414;
-                      isOwned = _out415;
-                      isErased = _out416;
-                      readIdents = _out417;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source61.is_Arrow) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1802___mcc_h458 = _source61.dtor_args;
-                  DAST._IType _1803___mcc_h459 = _source61.dtor_result;
-                  DAST._IType _1804_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1804_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1805_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1806_recOwned;
-                      bool _1807_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1808_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out418;
-                      bool _out419;
-                      bool _out420;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out421;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out418, out _out419, out _out420, out _out421);
-                      _1805_recursiveGen = _out418;
-                      _1806_recOwned = _out419;
-                      _1807_recErased = _out420;
-                      _1808_recIdents = _out421;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1809_uneraseFn;
-                      _1809_uneraseFn = ((_1806_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1809_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1805_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1806_recOwned;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _1808_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out422;
-                      bool _out423;
-                      bool _out424;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out425;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1804_b), _1804_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out422, out _out423, out _out424, out _out425);
-                      s = _out422;
-                      isOwned = _out423;
-                      isErased = _out424;
-                      readIdents = _out425;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source61.is_Primitive) {
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _1810___mcc_h464 = _source61.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _1811_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1811_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1812_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1813_recOwned;
-                      bool _1814_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1815_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out426;
-                      bool _out427;
-                      bool _out428;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out429;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out426, out _out427, out _out428, out _out429);
-                      _1812_recursiveGen = _out426;
-                      _1813_recOwned = _out427;
-                      _1814_recErased = _out428;
-                      _1815_recIdents = _out429;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1816_uneraseFn;
-                      _1816_uneraseFn = ((_1813_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1816_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1812_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1813_recOwned;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _1815_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out430;
-                      bool _out431;
-                      bool _out432;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out433;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1811_b), _1811_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out430, out _out431, out _out432, out _out433);
-                      s = _out430;
-                      isOwned = _out431;
-                      isErased = _out432;
-                      readIdents = _out433;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source61.is_Passthrough) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1817___mcc_h467 = _source61.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _1818_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1818_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1819_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1820_recOwned;
-                      bool _1821_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1822_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out434;
-                      bool _out435;
-                      bool _out436;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out437;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out434, out _out435, out _out436, out _out437);
-                      _1819_recursiveGen = _out434;
-                      _1820_recOwned = _out435;
-                      _1821_recErased = _out436;
-                      _1822_recIdents = _out437;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1823_uneraseFn;
-                      _1823_uneraseFn = ((_1820_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1823_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1819_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1820_recOwned;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _1822_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out438;
-                      bool _out439;
-                      bool _out440;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out441;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1818_b), _1818_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out438, out _out439, out _out440, out _out441);
-                      s = _out438;
-                      isOwned = _out439;
-                      isErased = _out440;
-                      readIdents = _out441;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1824___mcc_h470 = _source61.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _1825_b = _1727___mcc_h409;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1825_b, _1555_toTpe)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1826_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1827_recOwned;
-                      bool _1828_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1829_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out442;
-                      bool _out443;
-                      bool _out444;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out445;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out442, out _out443, out _out444, out _out445);
-                      _1826_recursiveGen = _out442;
-                      _1827_recOwned = _out443;
-                      _1828_recErased = _out444;
-                      _1829_recIdents = _out445;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1830_uneraseFn;
-                      _1830_uneraseFn = ((_1827_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _1830_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1826_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1827_recOwned;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _1829_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out446;
-                      bool _out447;
-                      bool _out448;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out449;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1825_b), _1825_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out446, out _out447, out _out448, out _out449);
-                      s = _out446;
-                      isOwned = _out447;
-                      isErased = _out448;
-                      readIdents = _out449;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source55.is_Nullable) {
-              DAST._IType _1831___mcc_h473 = _source55.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-              DAST._IType _source63 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-              if (_source63.is_Path) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1832___mcc_h477 = _source63.dtor_Path_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1833___mcc_h478 = _source63.dtor_typeArgs;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _1834___mcc_h479 = _source63.dtor_resolved;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _source64 = _1834___mcc_h479;
-                if (_source64.is_Datatype) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1835___mcc_h486 = _source64.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1836_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1837_recOwned;
-                    bool _1838_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1839_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out450;
-                    bool _out451;
-                    bool _out452;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out453;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out450, out _out451, out _out452, out _out453);
-                    _1836_recursiveGen = _out450;
-                    _1837_recOwned = _out451;
-                    _1838_recErased = _out452;
-                    _1839_recIdents = _out453;
-                    if (!(_1837_recOwned)) {
-                      _1836_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1836_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1836_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                    isOwned = _1837_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1838_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1839_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source64.is_Trait) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1840___mcc_h489 = _source64.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1841_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1842_recOwned;
-                    bool _1843_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1844_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out454;
-                    bool _out455;
-                    bool _out456;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out457;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out454, out _out455, out _out456, out _out457);
-                    _1841_recursiveGen = _out454;
-                    _1842_recOwned = _out455;
-                    _1843_recErased = _out456;
-                    _1844_recIdents = _out457;
-                    if (!(_1842_recOwned)) {
-                      _1841_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1841_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1841_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                    isOwned = _1842_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1843_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1844_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  DAST._IType _1845___mcc_h492 = _source64.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1846_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1847_recOwned;
-                    bool _1848_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1849_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out458;
-                    bool _out459;
-                    bool _out460;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out461;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out458, out _out459, out _out460, out _out461);
-                    _1846_recursiveGen = _out458;
-                    _1847_recOwned = _out459;
-                    _1848_recErased = _out460;
-                    _1849_recIdents = _out461;
-                    if (!(_1847_recOwned)) {
-                      _1846_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1846_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1846_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                    isOwned = _1847_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1848_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1849_recIdents;
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source63.is_Nullable) {
-                DAST._IType _1850___mcc_h495 = _source63.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1851_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1852_recOwned;
-                  bool _1853_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1854_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out462;
-                  bool _out463;
-                  bool _out464;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out465;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out462, out _out463, out _out464, out _out465);
-                  _1851_recursiveGen = _out462;
-                  _1852_recOwned = _out463;
-                  _1853_recErased = _out464;
-                  _1854_recIdents = _out465;
-                  if (!(_1852_recOwned)) {
-                    _1851_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1851_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1851_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1852_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1853_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1854_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source63.is_Tuple) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1855___mcc_h498 = _source63.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1856_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1857_recOwned;
-                  bool _1858_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1859_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out466;
-                  bool _out467;
-                  bool _out468;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out469;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out466, out _out467, out _out468, out _out469);
-                  _1856_recursiveGen = _out466;
-                  _1857_recOwned = _out467;
-                  _1858_recErased = _out468;
-                  _1859_recIdents = _out469;
-                  if (!(_1857_recOwned)) {
-                    _1856_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1856_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1856_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1857_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1858_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1859_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source63.is_Array) {
-                DAST._IType _1860___mcc_h501 = _source63.dtor_element;
-                BigInteger _1861___mcc_h502 = _source63.dtor_dims;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1862_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1863_recOwned;
-                  bool _1864_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1865_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out470;
-                  bool _out471;
-                  bool _out472;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out473;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out470, out _out471, out _out472, out _out473);
-                  _1862_recursiveGen = _out470;
-                  _1863_recOwned = _out471;
-                  _1864_recErased = _out472;
-                  _1865_recIdents = _out473;
-                  if (!(_1863_recOwned)) {
-                    _1862_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1862_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1862_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1863_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1864_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1865_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source63.is_Seq) {
-                DAST._IType _1866___mcc_h507 = _source63.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1867_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1868_recOwned;
-                  bool _1869_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1870_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out474;
-                  bool _out475;
-                  bool _out476;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out477;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out474, out _out475, out _out476, out _out477);
-                  _1867_recursiveGen = _out474;
-                  _1868_recOwned = _out475;
-                  _1869_recErased = _out476;
-                  _1870_recIdents = _out477;
-                  if (!(_1868_recOwned)) {
-                    _1867_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1867_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1867_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1868_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1869_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1870_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source63.is_Set) {
-                DAST._IType _1871___mcc_h510 = _source63.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1872_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1873_recOwned;
-                  bool _1874_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1875_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out478;
-                  bool _out479;
-                  bool _out480;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out481;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out478, out _out479, out _out480, out _out481);
-                  _1872_recursiveGen = _out478;
-                  _1873_recOwned = _out479;
-                  _1874_recErased = _out480;
-                  _1875_recIdents = _out481;
-                  if (!(_1873_recOwned)) {
-                    _1872_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1872_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1872_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1873_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1874_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1875_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source63.is_Multiset) {
-                DAST._IType _1876___mcc_h513 = _source63.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1877_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1878_recOwned;
-                  bool _1879_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1880_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out482;
-                  bool _out483;
-                  bool _out484;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out485;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out482, out _out483, out _out484, out _out485);
-                  _1877_recursiveGen = _out482;
-                  _1878_recOwned = _out483;
-                  _1879_recErased = _out484;
-                  _1880_recIdents = _out485;
-                  if (!(_1878_recOwned)) {
-                    _1877_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1877_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1877_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1878_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1879_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1880_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source63.is_Map) {
-                DAST._IType _1881___mcc_h516 = _source63.dtor_key;
-                DAST._IType _1882___mcc_h517 = _source63.dtor_value;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1883_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1884_recOwned;
-                  bool _1885_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1886_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out486;
-                  bool _out487;
-                  bool _out488;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out489;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out486, out _out487, out _out488, out _out489);
-                  _1883_recursiveGen = _out486;
-                  _1884_recOwned = _out487;
-                  _1885_recErased = _out488;
-                  _1886_recIdents = _out489;
-                  if (!(_1884_recOwned)) {
-                    _1883_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1883_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1883_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1884_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1885_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1886_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source63.is_Arrow) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1887___mcc_h522 = _source63.dtor_args;
-                DAST._IType _1888___mcc_h523 = _source63.dtor_result;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1889_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1890_recOwned;
-                  bool _1891_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1892_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out490;
-                  bool _out491;
-                  bool _out492;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out493;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out490, out _out491, out _out492, out _out493);
-                  _1889_recursiveGen = _out490;
-                  _1890_recOwned = _out491;
-                  _1891_recErased = _out492;
-                  _1892_recIdents = _out493;
-                  if (!(_1890_recOwned)) {
-                    _1889_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1889_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1889_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1890_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1891_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1892_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source63.is_Primitive) {
-                DAST._IPrimitive _1893___mcc_h528 = _source63.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1894_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1895_recOwned;
-                  bool _1896_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1897_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out494;
-                  bool _out495;
-                  bool _out496;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out497;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out494, out _out495, out _out496, out _out497);
-                  _1894_recursiveGen = _out494;
-                  _1895_recOwned = _out495;
-                  _1896_recErased = _out496;
-                  _1897_recIdents = _out497;
-                  if (!(_1895_recOwned)) {
-                    _1894_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1894_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1894_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1895_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1896_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1897_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source63.is_Passthrough) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1898___mcc_h531 = _source63.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1899_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1900_recOwned;
-                  bool _1901_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1902_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out498;
-                  bool _out499;
-                  bool _out500;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out501;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out498, out _out499, out _out500, out _out501);
-                  _1899_recursiveGen = _out498;
-                  _1900_recOwned = _out499;
-                  _1901_recErased = _out500;
-                  _1902_recIdents = _out501;
-                  if (!(_1900_recOwned)) {
-                    _1899_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1899_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1899_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1900_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1901_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1902_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1903___mcc_h534 = _source63.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1904_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1905_recOwned;
-                  bool _1906_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1907_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out502;
-                  bool _out503;
-                  bool _out504;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out505;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out502, out _out503, out _out504, out _out505);
-                  _1904_recursiveGen = _out502;
-                  _1905_recOwned = _out503;
-                  _1906_recErased = _out504;
-                  _1907_recIdents = _out505;
-                  if (!(_1905_recOwned)) {
-                    _1904_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1904_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1904_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap()"));
-                  isOwned = _1905_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1906_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1907_recIdents;
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source55.is_Tuple) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1908___mcc_h537 = _source55.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-              DAST._IType _source65 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-              if (_source65.is_Path) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1909___mcc_h541 = _source65.dtor_Path_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1910___mcc_h542 = _source65.dtor_typeArgs;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _1911___mcc_h543 = _source65.dtor_resolved;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _source66 = _1911___mcc_h543;
-                if (_source66.is_Datatype) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1912___mcc_h547 = _source66.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1913_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1914_recOwned;
-                    bool _1915_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1916_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out506;
-                    bool _out507;
-                    bool _out508;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out509;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out506, out _out507, out _out508, out _out509);
-                    _1913_recursiveGen = _out506;
-                    _1914_recOwned = _out507;
-                    _1915_recErased = _out508;
-                    _1916_recIdents = _out509;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1913_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1914_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1915_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1916_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source66.is_Trait) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1917___mcc_h549 = _source66.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1918_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1919_recOwned;
-                    bool _1920_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1921_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out510;
-                    bool _out511;
-                    bool _out512;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out513;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out510, out _out511, out _out512, out _out513);
-                    _1918_recursiveGen = _out510;
-                    _1919_recOwned = _out511;
-                    _1920_recErased = _out512;
-                    _1921_recIdents = _out513;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1918_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1919_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1920_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1921_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  DAST._IType _1922___mcc_h551 = _source66.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _1923_b = _1922___mcc_h551;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _1923_b)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1924_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _1925_recOwned;
-                      bool _1926_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1927_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out514;
-                      bool _out515;
-                      bool _out516;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out517;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out514, out _out515, out _out516, out _out517);
-                      _1924_recursiveGen = _out514;
-                      _1925_recOwned = _out515;
-                      _1926_recErased = _out516;
-                      _1927_recIdents = _out517;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1928_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out518;
-                      _out518 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                      _1928_rhsType = _out518;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1929_uneraseFn;
-                      _1929_uneraseFn = ((_1925_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _1928_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _1929_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _1924_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _1925_recOwned;
-                      isErased = false;
-                      readIdents = _1927_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out519;
-                      bool _out520;
-                      bool _out521;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out522;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _1923_b), _1923_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out519, out _out520, out _out521, out _out522);
-                      s = _out519;
-                      isOwned = _out520;
-                      isErased = _out521;
-                      readIdents = _out522;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source65.is_Nullable) {
-                DAST._IType _1930___mcc_h553 = _source65.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1931_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1932_recOwned;
-                  bool _1933_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1934_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out523;
-                  bool _out524;
-                  bool _out525;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out526;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out523, out _out524, out _out525, out _out526);
-                  _1931_recursiveGen = _out523;
-                  _1932_recOwned = _out524;
-                  _1933_recErased = _out525;
-                  _1934_recIdents = _out526;
-                  if (!(_1932_recOwned)) {
-                    _1931_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_1931_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _1931_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                  isOwned = true;
-                  isErased = _1933_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1934_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source65.is_Tuple) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1935___mcc_h555 = _source65.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1936_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1937_recOwned;
-                  bool _1938_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1939_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out527;
-                  bool _out528;
-                  bool _out529;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out530;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out527, out _out528, out _out529, out _out530);
-                  _1936_recursiveGen = _out527;
-                  _1937_recOwned = _out528;
-                  _1938_recErased = _out529;
-                  _1939_recIdents = _out530;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1936_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _1937_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1938_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1939_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source65.is_Array) {
-                DAST._IType _1940___mcc_h557 = _source65.dtor_element;
-                BigInteger _1941___mcc_h558 = _source65.dtor_dims;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1942_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1943_recOwned;
-                  bool _1944_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1945_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out531;
-                  bool _out532;
-                  bool _out533;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out534;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out531, out _out532, out _out533, out _out534);
-                  _1942_recursiveGen = _out531;
-                  _1943_recOwned = _out532;
-                  _1944_recErased = _out533;
-                  _1945_recIdents = _out534;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1942_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _1943_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1944_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1945_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source65.is_Seq) {
-                DAST._IType _1946___mcc_h561 = _source65.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1947_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1948_recOwned;
-                  bool _1949_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1950_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out535;
-                  bool _out536;
-                  bool _out537;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out538;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out535, out _out536, out _out537, out _out538);
-                  _1947_recursiveGen = _out535;
-                  _1948_recOwned = _out536;
-                  _1949_recErased = _out537;
-                  _1950_recIdents = _out538;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1947_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _1948_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1949_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1950_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source65.is_Set) {
-                DAST._IType _1951___mcc_h563 = _source65.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1952_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1953_recOwned;
-                  bool _1954_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1955_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out539;
-                  bool _out540;
-                  bool _out541;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out542;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out539, out _out540, out _out541, out _out542);
-                  _1952_recursiveGen = _out539;
-                  _1953_recOwned = _out540;
-                  _1954_recErased = _out541;
-                  _1955_recIdents = _out542;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1952_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _1953_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1954_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1955_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source65.is_Multiset) {
-                DAST._IType _1956___mcc_h565 = _source65.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1957_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1958_recOwned;
-                  bool _1959_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1960_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out543;
-                  bool _out544;
-                  bool _out545;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out546;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out543, out _out544, out _out545, out _out546);
-                  _1957_recursiveGen = _out543;
-                  _1958_recOwned = _out544;
-                  _1959_recErased = _out545;
-                  _1960_recIdents = _out546;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1957_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _1958_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1959_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1960_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source65.is_Map) {
-                DAST._IType _1961___mcc_h567 = _source65.dtor_key;
-                DAST._IType _1962___mcc_h568 = _source65.dtor_value;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1963_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1964_recOwned;
-                  bool _1965_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1966_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out547;
-                  bool _out548;
-                  bool _out549;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out550;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out547, out _out548, out _out549, out _out550);
-                  _1963_recursiveGen = _out547;
-                  _1964_recOwned = _out548;
-                  _1965_recErased = _out549;
-                  _1966_recIdents = _out550;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1963_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _1964_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1965_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1966_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source65.is_Arrow) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1967___mcc_h571 = _source65.dtor_args;
-                DAST._IType _1968___mcc_h572 = _source65.dtor_result;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1969_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1970_recOwned;
-                  bool _1971_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1972_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out551;
-                  bool _out552;
-                  bool _out553;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out554;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out551, out _out552, out _out553, out _out554);
-                  _1969_recursiveGen = _out551;
-                  _1970_recOwned = _out552;
-                  _1971_recErased = _out553;
-                  _1972_recIdents = _out554;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1969_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _1970_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1971_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1972_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source65.is_Primitive) {
-                DAST._IPrimitive _1973___mcc_h575 = _source65.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1974_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1975_recOwned;
-                  bool _1976_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1977_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out555;
-                  bool _out556;
-                  bool _out557;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out558;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out555, out _out556, out _out557, out _out558);
-                  _1974_recursiveGen = _out555;
-                  _1975_recOwned = _out556;
-                  _1976_recErased = _out557;
-                  _1977_recIdents = _out558;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1974_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _1975_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1976_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1977_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source65.is_Passthrough) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1978___mcc_h577 = _source65.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1979_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1980_recOwned;
-                  bool _1981_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1982_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out559;
-                  bool _out560;
-                  bool _out561;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out562;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out559, out _out560, out _out561, out _out562);
-                  _1979_recursiveGen = _out559;
-                  _1980_recOwned = _out560;
-                  _1981_recErased = _out561;
-                  _1982_recIdents = _out562;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1979_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _1980_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1981_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1982_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1983___mcc_h579 = _source65.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1984_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _1985_recOwned;
-                  bool _1986_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1987_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out563;
-                  bool _out564;
-                  bool _out565;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out566;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out563, out _out564, out _out565, out _out566);
-                  _1984_recursiveGen = _out563;
-                  _1985_recOwned = _out564;
-                  _1986_recErased = _out565;
-                  _1987_recIdents = _out566;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1984_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _1985_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _1986_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _1987_recIdents;
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source55.is_Array) {
-              DAST._IType _1988___mcc_h581 = _source55.dtor_element;
-              BigInteger _1989___mcc_h582 = _source55.dtor_dims;
-              DAST._IType _source67 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-              if (_source67.is_Path) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1990___mcc_h589 = _source67.dtor_Path_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1991___mcc_h590 = _source67.dtor_typeArgs;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _1992___mcc_h591 = _source67.dtor_resolved;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _source68 = _1992___mcc_h591;
-                if (_source68.is_Datatype) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1993___mcc_h595 = _source68.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1994_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _1995_recOwned;
-                    bool _1996_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1997_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out567;
-                    bool _out568;
-                    bool _out569;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out570;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out567, out _out568, out _out569, out _out570);
-                    _1994_recursiveGen = _out567;
-                    _1995_recOwned = _out568;
-                    _1996_recErased = _out569;
-                    _1997_recIdents = _out570;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1994_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _1995_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _1996_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _1997_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source68.is_Trait) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1998___mcc_h597 = _source68.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1999_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2000_recOwned;
-                    bool _2001_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2002_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out571;
-                    bool _out572;
-                    bool _out573;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out574;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out571, out _out572, out _out573, out _out574);
-                    _1999_recursiveGen = _out571;
-                    _2000_recOwned = _out572;
-                    _2001_recErased = _out573;
-                    _2002_recIdents = _out574;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _1999_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2000_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2001_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2002_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  DAST._IType _2003___mcc_h599 = _source68.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _2004_b = _2003___mcc_h599;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2004_b)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2005_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2006_recOwned;
-                      bool _2007_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2008_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out575;
-                      bool _out576;
-                      bool _out577;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out578;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out575, out _out576, out _out577, out _out578);
-                      _2005_recursiveGen = _out575;
-                      _2006_recOwned = _out576;
-                      _2007_recErased = _out577;
-                      _2008_recIdents = _out578;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2009_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out579;
-                      _out579 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                      _2009_rhsType = _out579;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2010_uneraseFn;
-                      _2010_uneraseFn = ((_2006_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2009_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2010_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2005_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _2006_recOwned;
-                      isErased = false;
-                      readIdents = _2008_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out580;
-                      bool _out581;
-                      bool _out582;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out583;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2004_b), _2004_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out580, out _out581, out _out582, out _out583);
-                      s = _out580;
-                      isOwned = _out581;
-                      isErased = _out582;
-                      readIdents = _out583;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source67.is_Nullable) {
-                DAST._IType _2011___mcc_h601 = _source67.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2012_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2013_recOwned;
-                  bool _2014_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2015_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out584;
-                  bool _out585;
-                  bool _out586;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out587;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out584, out _out585, out _out586, out _out587);
-                  _2012_recursiveGen = _out584;
-                  _2013_recOwned = _out585;
-                  _2014_recErased = _out586;
-                  _2015_recIdents = _out587;
-                  if (!(_2013_recOwned)) {
-                    _2012_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2012_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2012_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                  isOwned = true;
-                  isErased = _2014_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2015_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source67.is_Tuple) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2016___mcc_h603 = _source67.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2017_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2018_recOwned;
-                  bool _2019_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2020_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out588;
-                  bool _out589;
-                  bool _out590;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out591;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out588, out _out589, out _out590, out _out591);
-                  _2017_recursiveGen = _out588;
-                  _2018_recOwned = _out589;
-                  _2019_recErased = _out590;
-                  _2020_recIdents = _out591;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2017_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2018_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2019_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2020_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source67.is_Array) {
-                DAST._IType _2021___mcc_h605 = _source67.dtor_element;
-                BigInteger _2022___mcc_h606 = _source67.dtor_dims;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2023_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2024_recOwned;
-                  bool _2025_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2026_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out592;
-                  bool _out593;
-                  bool _out594;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out595;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out592, out _out593, out _out594, out _out595);
-                  _2023_recursiveGen = _out592;
-                  _2024_recOwned = _out593;
-                  _2025_recErased = _out594;
-                  _2026_recIdents = _out595;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2023_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2024_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2025_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2026_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source67.is_Seq) {
-                DAST._IType _2027___mcc_h609 = _source67.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2028_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2029_recOwned;
-                  bool _2030_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2031_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out596;
-                  bool _out597;
-                  bool _out598;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out599;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out596, out _out597, out _out598, out _out599);
-                  _2028_recursiveGen = _out596;
-                  _2029_recOwned = _out597;
-                  _2030_recErased = _out598;
-                  _2031_recIdents = _out599;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2028_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2029_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2030_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2031_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source67.is_Set) {
-                DAST._IType _2032___mcc_h611 = _source67.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2033_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2034_recOwned;
-                  bool _2035_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2036_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out600;
-                  bool _out601;
-                  bool _out602;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out603;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out600, out _out601, out _out602, out _out603);
-                  _2033_recursiveGen = _out600;
-                  _2034_recOwned = _out601;
-                  _2035_recErased = _out602;
-                  _2036_recIdents = _out603;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2033_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2034_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2035_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2036_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source67.is_Multiset) {
-                DAST._IType _2037___mcc_h613 = _source67.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2038_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2039_recOwned;
-                  bool _2040_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2041_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out604;
-                  bool _out605;
-                  bool _out606;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out607;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out604, out _out605, out _out606, out _out607);
-                  _2038_recursiveGen = _out604;
-                  _2039_recOwned = _out605;
-                  _2040_recErased = _out606;
-                  _2041_recIdents = _out607;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2038_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2039_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2040_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2041_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source67.is_Map) {
-                DAST._IType _2042___mcc_h615 = _source67.dtor_key;
-                DAST._IType _2043___mcc_h616 = _source67.dtor_value;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2044_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2045_recOwned;
-                  bool _2046_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2047_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out608;
-                  bool _out609;
-                  bool _out610;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out611;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out608, out _out609, out _out610, out _out611);
-                  _2044_recursiveGen = _out608;
-                  _2045_recOwned = _out609;
-                  _2046_recErased = _out610;
-                  _2047_recIdents = _out611;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2044_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2045_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2046_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2047_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source67.is_Arrow) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2048___mcc_h619 = _source67.dtor_args;
-                DAST._IType _2049___mcc_h620 = _source67.dtor_result;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2050_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2051_recOwned;
-                  bool _2052_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2053_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out612;
-                  bool _out613;
-                  bool _out614;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out615;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out612, out _out613, out _out614, out _out615);
-                  _2050_recursiveGen = _out612;
-                  _2051_recOwned = _out613;
-                  _2052_recErased = _out614;
-                  _2053_recIdents = _out615;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2050_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2051_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2052_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2053_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source67.is_Primitive) {
-                DAST._IPrimitive _2054___mcc_h623 = _source67.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2055_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2056_recOwned;
-                  bool _2057_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2058_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out616;
-                  bool _out617;
-                  bool _out618;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out619;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out616, out _out617, out _out618, out _out619);
-                  _2055_recursiveGen = _out616;
-                  _2056_recOwned = _out617;
-                  _2057_recErased = _out618;
-                  _2058_recIdents = _out619;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2055_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2056_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2057_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2058_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source67.is_Passthrough) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2059___mcc_h625 = _source67.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2060_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2061_recOwned;
-                  bool _2062_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2063_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out620;
-                  bool _out621;
-                  bool _out622;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out623;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out620, out _out621, out _out622, out _out623);
-                  _2060_recursiveGen = _out620;
-                  _2061_recOwned = _out621;
-                  _2062_recErased = _out622;
-                  _2063_recIdents = _out623;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2060_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2061_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2062_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2063_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2064___mcc_h627 = _source67.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2065_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2066_recOwned;
-                  bool _2067_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2068_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out624;
-                  bool _out625;
-                  bool _out626;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out627;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out624, out _out625, out _out626, out _out627);
-                  _2065_recursiveGen = _out624;
-                  _2066_recOwned = _out625;
-                  _2067_recErased = _out626;
-                  _2068_recIdents = _out627;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2065_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2066_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2067_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2068_recIdents;
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source55.is_Seq) {
-              DAST._IType _2069___mcc_h629 = _source55.dtor_element;
-              DAST._IType _source69 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-              if (_source69.is_Path) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2070___mcc_h633 = _source69.dtor_Path_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2071___mcc_h634 = _source69.dtor_typeArgs;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _2072___mcc_h635 = _source69.dtor_resolved;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _source70 = _2072___mcc_h635;
-                if (_source70.is_Datatype) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2073___mcc_h639 = _source70.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2074_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2075_recOwned;
-                    bool _2076_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2077_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out628;
-                    bool _out629;
-                    bool _out630;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out631;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out628, out _out629, out _out630, out _out631);
-                    _2074_recursiveGen = _out628;
-                    _2075_recOwned = _out629;
-                    _2076_recErased = _out630;
-                    _2077_recIdents = _out631;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2074_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2075_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2076_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2077_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source70.is_Trait) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2078___mcc_h641 = _source70.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2079_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2080_recOwned;
-                    bool _2081_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2082_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out632;
-                    bool _out633;
-                    bool _out634;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out635;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out632, out _out633, out _out634, out _out635);
-                    _2079_recursiveGen = _out632;
-                    _2080_recOwned = _out633;
-                    _2081_recErased = _out634;
-                    _2082_recIdents = _out635;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2079_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2080_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2081_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2082_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  DAST._IType _2083___mcc_h643 = _source70.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _2084_b = _2083___mcc_h643;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2084_b)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2085_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2086_recOwned;
-                      bool _2087_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2088_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out636;
-                      bool _out637;
-                      bool _out638;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out639;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out636, out _out637, out _out638, out _out639);
-                      _2085_recursiveGen = _out636;
-                      _2086_recOwned = _out637;
-                      _2087_recErased = _out638;
-                      _2088_recIdents = _out639;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2089_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out640;
-                      _out640 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                      _2089_rhsType = _out640;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2090_uneraseFn;
-                      _2090_uneraseFn = ((_2086_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2089_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2090_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2085_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _2086_recOwned;
-                      isErased = false;
-                      readIdents = _2088_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out641;
-                      bool _out642;
-                      bool _out643;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out644;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2084_b), _2084_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out641, out _out642, out _out643, out _out644);
-                      s = _out641;
-                      isOwned = _out642;
-                      isErased = _out643;
-                      readIdents = _out644;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source69.is_Nullable) {
-                DAST._IType _2091___mcc_h645 = _source69.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2092_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2093_recOwned;
-                  bool _2094_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2095_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out645;
-                  bool _out646;
-                  bool _out647;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out648;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out645, out _out646, out _out647, out _out648);
-                  _2092_recursiveGen = _out645;
-                  _2093_recOwned = _out646;
-                  _2094_recErased = _out647;
-                  _2095_recIdents = _out648;
-                  if (!(_2093_recOwned)) {
-                    _2092_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2092_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2092_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                  isOwned = true;
-                  isErased = _2094_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2095_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source69.is_Tuple) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2096___mcc_h647 = _source69.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2097_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2098_recOwned;
-                  bool _2099_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2100_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out649;
-                  bool _out650;
-                  bool _out651;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out652;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out649, out _out650, out _out651, out _out652);
-                  _2097_recursiveGen = _out649;
-                  _2098_recOwned = _out650;
-                  _2099_recErased = _out651;
-                  _2100_recIdents = _out652;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2097_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2098_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2099_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2100_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source69.is_Array) {
-                DAST._IType _2101___mcc_h649 = _source69.dtor_element;
-                BigInteger _2102___mcc_h650 = _source69.dtor_dims;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2103_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2104_recOwned;
-                  bool _2105_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2106_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out653;
-                  bool _out654;
-                  bool _out655;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out656;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out653, out _out654, out _out655, out _out656);
-                  _2103_recursiveGen = _out653;
-                  _2104_recOwned = _out654;
-                  _2105_recErased = _out655;
-                  _2106_recIdents = _out656;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2103_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2104_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2105_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2106_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source69.is_Seq) {
-                DAST._IType _2107___mcc_h653 = _source69.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2108_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2109_recOwned;
-                  bool _2110_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2111_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out657;
-                  bool _out658;
-                  bool _out659;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out660;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out657, out _out658, out _out659, out _out660);
-                  _2108_recursiveGen = _out657;
-                  _2109_recOwned = _out658;
-                  _2110_recErased = _out659;
-                  _2111_recIdents = _out660;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2108_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2109_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2110_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2111_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source69.is_Set) {
-                DAST._IType _2112___mcc_h655 = _source69.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2113_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2114_recOwned;
-                  bool _2115_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2116_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out661;
-                  bool _out662;
-                  bool _out663;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out664;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out661, out _out662, out _out663, out _out664);
-                  _2113_recursiveGen = _out661;
-                  _2114_recOwned = _out662;
-                  _2115_recErased = _out663;
-                  _2116_recIdents = _out664;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2113_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2114_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2115_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2116_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source69.is_Multiset) {
-                DAST._IType _2117___mcc_h657 = _source69.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2118_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2119_recOwned;
-                  bool _2120_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2121_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out665;
-                  bool _out666;
-                  bool _out667;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out668;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out665, out _out666, out _out667, out _out668);
-                  _2118_recursiveGen = _out665;
-                  _2119_recOwned = _out666;
-                  _2120_recErased = _out667;
-                  _2121_recIdents = _out668;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2118_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2119_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2120_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2121_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source69.is_Map) {
-                DAST._IType _2122___mcc_h659 = _source69.dtor_key;
-                DAST._IType _2123___mcc_h660 = _source69.dtor_value;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2124_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2125_recOwned;
-                  bool _2126_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2127_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out669;
-                  bool _out670;
-                  bool _out671;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out672;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out669, out _out670, out _out671, out _out672);
-                  _2124_recursiveGen = _out669;
-                  _2125_recOwned = _out670;
-                  _2126_recErased = _out671;
-                  _2127_recIdents = _out672;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2124_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2125_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2126_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2127_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source69.is_Arrow) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2128___mcc_h663 = _source69.dtor_args;
-                DAST._IType _2129___mcc_h664 = _source69.dtor_result;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2130_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2131_recOwned;
-                  bool _2132_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2133_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out673;
-                  bool _out674;
-                  bool _out675;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out676;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out673, out _out674, out _out675, out _out676);
-                  _2130_recursiveGen = _out673;
-                  _2131_recOwned = _out674;
-                  _2132_recErased = _out675;
-                  _2133_recIdents = _out676;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2130_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2131_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2132_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2133_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source69.is_Primitive) {
-                DAST._IPrimitive _2134___mcc_h667 = _source69.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2135_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2136_recOwned;
-                  bool _2137_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2138_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out677;
-                  bool _out678;
-                  bool _out679;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out680;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out677, out _out678, out _out679, out _out680);
-                  _2135_recursiveGen = _out677;
-                  _2136_recOwned = _out678;
-                  _2137_recErased = _out679;
-                  _2138_recIdents = _out680;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2135_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2136_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2137_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2138_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source69.is_Passthrough) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2139___mcc_h669 = _source69.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2140_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2141_recOwned;
-                  bool _2142_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2143_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out681;
-                  bool _out682;
-                  bool _out683;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out684;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out681, out _out682, out _out683, out _out684);
-                  _2140_recursiveGen = _out681;
-                  _2141_recOwned = _out682;
-                  _2142_recErased = _out683;
-                  _2143_recIdents = _out684;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2140_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2141_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2142_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2143_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2144___mcc_h671 = _source69.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2145_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2146_recOwned;
-                  bool _2147_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2148_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out685;
-                  bool _out686;
-                  bool _out687;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out688;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out685, out _out686, out _out687, out _out688);
-                  _2145_recursiveGen = _out685;
-                  _2146_recOwned = _out686;
-                  _2147_recErased = _out687;
-                  _2148_recIdents = _out688;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2145_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2146_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2147_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2148_recIdents;
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source55.is_Set) {
-              DAST._IType _2149___mcc_h673 = _source55.dtor_element;
-              DAST._IType _source71 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-              if (_source71.is_Path) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2150___mcc_h677 = _source71.dtor_Path_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2151___mcc_h678 = _source71.dtor_typeArgs;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _2152___mcc_h679 = _source71.dtor_resolved;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _source72 = _2152___mcc_h679;
-                if (_source72.is_Datatype) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2153___mcc_h683 = _source72.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2154_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2155_recOwned;
-                    bool _2156_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2157_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out689;
-                    bool _out690;
-                    bool _out691;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out692;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out689, out _out690, out _out691, out _out692);
-                    _2154_recursiveGen = _out689;
-                    _2155_recOwned = _out690;
-                    _2156_recErased = _out691;
-                    _2157_recIdents = _out692;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2154_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2155_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2156_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2157_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source72.is_Trait) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2158___mcc_h685 = _source72.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2159_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2160_recOwned;
-                    bool _2161_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2162_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out693;
-                    bool _out694;
-                    bool _out695;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out696;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out693, out _out694, out _out695, out _out696);
-                    _2159_recursiveGen = _out693;
-                    _2160_recOwned = _out694;
-                    _2161_recErased = _out695;
-                    _2162_recIdents = _out696;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2159_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2160_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2161_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2162_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  DAST._IType _2163___mcc_h687 = _source72.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _2164_b = _2163___mcc_h687;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2164_b)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2165_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2166_recOwned;
-                      bool _2167_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2168_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out697;
-                      bool _out698;
-                      bool _out699;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out700;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out697, out _out698, out _out699, out _out700);
-                      _2165_recursiveGen = _out697;
-                      _2166_recOwned = _out698;
-                      _2167_recErased = _out699;
-                      _2168_recIdents = _out700;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2169_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out701;
-                      _out701 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                      _2169_rhsType = _out701;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2170_uneraseFn;
-                      _2170_uneraseFn = ((_2166_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2169_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2170_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2165_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _2166_recOwned;
-                      isErased = false;
-                      readIdents = _2168_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out702;
-                      bool _out703;
-                      bool _out704;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out705;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2164_b), _2164_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out702, out _out703, out _out704, out _out705);
-                      s = _out702;
-                      isOwned = _out703;
-                      isErased = _out704;
-                      readIdents = _out705;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source71.is_Nullable) {
-                DAST._IType _2171___mcc_h689 = _source71.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2172_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2173_recOwned;
-                  bool _2174_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2175_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out706;
-                  bool _out707;
-                  bool _out708;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out709;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out706, out _out707, out _out708, out _out709);
-                  _2172_recursiveGen = _out706;
-                  _2173_recOwned = _out707;
-                  _2174_recErased = _out708;
-                  _2175_recIdents = _out709;
-                  if (!(_2173_recOwned)) {
-                    _2172_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2172_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2172_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                  isOwned = true;
-                  isErased = _2174_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2175_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source71.is_Tuple) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2176___mcc_h691 = _source71.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2177_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2178_recOwned;
-                  bool _2179_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2180_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out710;
-                  bool _out711;
-                  bool _out712;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out713;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out710, out _out711, out _out712, out _out713);
-                  _2177_recursiveGen = _out710;
-                  _2178_recOwned = _out711;
-                  _2179_recErased = _out712;
-                  _2180_recIdents = _out713;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2177_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2178_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2179_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2180_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source71.is_Array) {
-                DAST._IType _2181___mcc_h693 = _source71.dtor_element;
-                BigInteger _2182___mcc_h694 = _source71.dtor_dims;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2183_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2184_recOwned;
-                  bool _2185_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2186_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out714;
-                  bool _out715;
-                  bool _out716;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out717;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out714, out _out715, out _out716, out _out717);
-                  _2183_recursiveGen = _out714;
-                  _2184_recOwned = _out715;
-                  _2185_recErased = _out716;
-                  _2186_recIdents = _out717;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2183_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2184_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2185_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2186_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source71.is_Seq) {
-                DAST._IType _2187___mcc_h697 = _source71.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2188_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2189_recOwned;
-                  bool _2190_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2191_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out718;
-                  bool _out719;
-                  bool _out720;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out721;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out718, out _out719, out _out720, out _out721);
-                  _2188_recursiveGen = _out718;
-                  _2189_recOwned = _out719;
-                  _2190_recErased = _out720;
-                  _2191_recIdents = _out721;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2188_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2189_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2190_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2191_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source71.is_Set) {
-                DAST._IType _2192___mcc_h699 = _source71.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2193_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2194_recOwned;
-                  bool _2195_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2196_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out722;
-                  bool _out723;
-                  bool _out724;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out725;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out722, out _out723, out _out724, out _out725);
-                  _2193_recursiveGen = _out722;
-                  _2194_recOwned = _out723;
-                  _2195_recErased = _out724;
-                  _2196_recIdents = _out725;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2193_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2194_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2195_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2196_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source71.is_Multiset) {
-                DAST._IType _2197___mcc_h701 = _source71.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2198_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2199_recOwned;
-                  bool _2200_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2201_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out726;
-                  bool _out727;
-                  bool _out728;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out729;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out726, out _out727, out _out728, out _out729);
-                  _2198_recursiveGen = _out726;
-                  _2199_recOwned = _out727;
-                  _2200_recErased = _out728;
-                  _2201_recIdents = _out729;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2198_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2199_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2200_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2201_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source71.is_Map) {
-                DAST._IType _2202___mcc_h703 = _source71.dtor_key;
-                DAST._IType _2203___mcc_h704 = _source71.dtor_value;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2204_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2205_recOwned;
-                  bool _2206_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2207_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out730;
-                  bool _out731;
-                  bool _out732;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out733;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out730, out _out731, out _out732, out _out733);
-                  _2204_recursiveGen = _out730;
-                  _2205_recOwned = _out731;
-                  _2206_recErased = _out732;
-                  _2207_recIdents = _out733;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2204_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2205_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2206_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2207_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source71.is_Arrow) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2208___mcc_h707 = _source71.dtor_args;
-                DAST._IType _2209___mcc_h708 = _source71.dtor_result;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2210_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2211_recOwned;
-                  bool _2212_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2213_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out734;
-                  bool _out735;
-                  bool _out736;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out737;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out734, out _out735, out _out736, out _out737);
-                  _2210_recursiveGen = _out734;
-                  _2211_recOwned = _out735;
-                  _2212_recErased = _out736;
-                  _2213_recIdents = _out737;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2210_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2211_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2212_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2213_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source71.is_Primitive) {
-                DAST._IPrimitive _2214___mcc_h711 = _source71.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2215_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2216_recOwned;
-                  bool _2217_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2218_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out738;
-                  bool _out739;
-                  bool _out740;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out741;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out738, out _out739, out _out740, out _out741);
-                  _2215_recursiveGen = _out738;
-                  _2216_recOwned = _out739;
-                  _2217_recErased = _out740;
-                  _2218_recIdents = _out741;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2215_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2216_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2217_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2218_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source71.is_Passthrough) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2219___mcc_h713 = _source71.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2220_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2221_recOwned;
-                  bool _2222_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2223_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out742;
-                  bool _out743;
-                  bool _out744;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out745;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out742, out _out743, out _out744, out _out745);
-                  _2220_recursiveGen = _out742;
-                  _2221_recOwned = _out743;
-                  _2222_recErased = _out744;
-                  _2223_recIdents = _out745;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2220_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2221_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2222_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2223_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2224___mcc_h715 = _source71.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2225_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2226_recOwned;
-                  bool _2227_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2228_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out746;
-                  bool _out747;
-                  bool _out748;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out749;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out746, out _out747, out _out748, out _out749);
-                  _2225_recursiveGen = _out746;
-                  _2226_recOwned = _out747;
-                  _2227_recErased = _out748;
-                  _2228_recIdents = _out749;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2225_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2226_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2227_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2228_recIdents;
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source55.is_Multiset) {
-              DAST._IType _2229___mcc_h717 = _source55.dtor_element;
-              DAST._IType _source73 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-              if (_source73.is_Path) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2230___mcc_h721 = _source73.dtor_Path_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2231___mcc_h722 = _source73.dtor_typeArgs;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _2232___mcc_h723 = _source73.dtor_resolved;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _source74 = _2232___mcc_h723;
-                if (_source74.is_Datatype) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2233___mcc_h727 = _source74.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2234_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2235_recOwned;
-                    bool _2236_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2237_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out750;
-                    bool _out751;
-                    bool _out752;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out753;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out750, out _out751, out _out752, out _out753);
-                    _2234_recursiveGen = _out750;
-                    _2235_recOwned = _out751;
-                    _2236_recErased = _out752;
-                    _2237_recIdents = _out753;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2234_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2235_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2236_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2237_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source74.is_Trait) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2238___mcc_h729 = _source74.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2239_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2240_recOwned;
-                    bool _2241_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2242_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out754;
-                    bool _out755;
-                    bool _out756;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out757;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out754, out _out755, out _out756, out _out757);
-                    _2239_recursiveGen = _out754;
-                    _2240_recOwned = _out755;
-                    _2241_recErased = _out756;
-                    _2242_recIdents = _out757;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2239_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2240_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2241_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2242_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  DAST._IType _2243___mcc_h731 = _source74.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _2244_b = _2243___mcc_h731;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2244_b)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2245_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2246_recOwned;
-                      bool _2247_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2248_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out758;
-                      bool _out759;
-                      bool _out760;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out761;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out758, out _out759, out _out760, out _out761);
-                      _2245_recursiveGen = _out758;
-                      _2246_recOwned = _out759;
-                      _2247_recErased = _out760;
-                      _2248_recIdents = _out761;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2249_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out762;
-                      _out762 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                      _2249_rhsType = _out762;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2250_uneraseFn;
-                      _2250_uneraseFn = ((_2246_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2249_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2250_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2245_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _2246_recOwned;
-                      isErased = false;
-                      readIdents = _2248_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out763;
-                      bool _out764;
-                      bool _out765;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out766;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2244_b), _2244_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out763, out _out764, out _out765, out _out766);
-                      s = _out763;
-                      isOwned = _out764;
-                      isErased = _out765;
-                      readIdents = _out766;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source73.is_Nullable) {
-                DAST._IType _2251___mcc_h733 = _source73.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2252_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2253_recOwned;
-                  bool _2254_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2255_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out767;
-                  bool _out768;
-                  bool _out769;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out770;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out767, out _out768, out _out769, out _out770);
-                  _2252_recursiveGen = _out767;
-                  _2253_recOwned = _out768;
-                  _2254_recErased = _out769;
-                  _2255_recIdents = _out770;
-                  if (!(_2253_recOwned)) {
-                    _2252_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2252_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2252_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                  isOwned = true;
-                  isErased = _2254_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2255_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source73.is_Tuple) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2256___mcc_h735 = _source73.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2257_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2258_recOwned;
-                  bool _2259_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2260_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out771;
-                  bool _out772;
-                  bool _out773;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out774;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out771, out _out772, out _out773, out _out774);
-                  _2257_recursiveGen = _out771;
-                  _2258_recOwned = _out772;
-                  _2259_recErased = _out773;
-                  _2260_recIdents = _out774;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2257_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2258_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2259_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2260_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source73.is_Array) {
-                DAST._IType _2261___mcc_h737 = _source73.dtor_element;
-                BigInteger _2262___mcc_h738 = _source73.dtor_dims;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2263_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2264_recOwned;
-                  bool _2265_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2266_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out775;
-                  bool _out776;
-                  bool _out777;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out778;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out775, out _out776, out _out777, out _out778);
-                  _2263_recursiveGen = _out775;
-                  _2264_recOwned = _out776;
-                  _2265_recErased = _out777;
-                  _2266_recIdents = _out778;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2263_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2264_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2265_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2266_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source73.is_Seq) {
-                DAST._IType _2267___mcc_h741 = _source73.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2268_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2269_recOwned;
-                  bool _2270_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2271_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out779;
-                  bool _out780;
-                  bool _out781;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out782;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out779, out _out780, out _out781, out _out782);
-                  _2268_recursiveGen = _out779;
-                  _2269_recOwned = _out780;
-                  _2270_recErased = _out781;
-                  _2271_recIdents = _out782;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2268_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2269_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2270_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2271_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source73.is_Set) {
-                DAST._IType _2272___mcc_h743 = _source73.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2273_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2274_recOwned;
-                  bool _2275_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2276_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out783;
-                  bool _out784;
-                  bool _out785;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out786;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out783, out _out784, out _out785, out _out786);
-                  _2273_recursiveGen = _out783;
-                  _2274_recOwned = _out784;
-                  _2275_recErased = _out785;
-                  _2276_recIdents = _out786;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2273_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2274_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2275_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2276_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source73.is_Multiset) {
-                DAST._IType _2277___mcc_h745 = _source73.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2278_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2279_recOwned;
-                  bool _2280_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2281_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out787;
-                  bool _out788;
-                  bool _out789;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out790;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out787, out _out788, out _out789, out _out790);
-                  _2278_recursiveGen = _out787;
-                  _2279_recOwned = _out788;
-                  _2280_recErased = _out789;
-                  _2281_recIdents = _out790;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2278_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2279_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2280_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2281_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source73.is_Map) {
-                DAST._IType _2282___mcc_h747 = _source73.dtor_key;
-                DAST._IType _2283___mcc_h748 = _source73.dtor_value;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2284_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2285_recOwned;
-                  bool _2286_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2287_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out791;
-                  bool _out792;
-                  bool _out793;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out794;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out791, out _out792, out _out793, out _out794);
-                  _2284_recursiveGen = _out791;
-                  _2285_recOwned = _out792;
-                  _2286_recErased = _out793;
-                  _2287_recIdents = _out794;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2284_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2285_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2286_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2287_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source73.is_Arrow) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2288___mcc_h751 = _source73.dtor_args;
-                DAST._IType _2289___mcc_h752 = _source73.dtor_result;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2290_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2291_recOwned;
-                  bool _2292_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2293_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out795;
-                  bool _out796;
-                  bool _out797;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out798;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out795, out _out796, out _out797, out _out798);
-                  _2290_recursiveGen = _out795;
-                  _2291_recOwned = _out796;
-                  _2292_recErased = _out797;
-                  _2293_recIdents = _out798;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2290_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2291_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2292_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2293_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source73.is_Primitive) {
-                DAST._IPrimitive _2294___mcc_h755 = _source73.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2295_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2296_recOwned;
-                  bool _2297_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2298_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out799;
-                  bool _out800;
-                  bool _out801;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out802;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out799, out _out800, out _out801, out _out802);
-                  _2295_recursiveGen = _out799;
-                  _2296_recOwned = _out800;
-                  _2297_recErased = _out801;
-                  _2298_recIdents = _out802;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2295_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2296_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2297_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2298_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source73.is_Passthrough) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2299___mcc_h757 = _source73.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2300_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2301_recOwned;
-                  bool _2302_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2303_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out803;
-                  bool _out804;
-                  bool _out805;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out806;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out803, out _out804, out _out805, out _out806);
-                  _2300_recursiveGen = _out803;
-                  _2301_recOwned = _out804;
-                  _2302_recErased = _out805;
-                  _2303_recIdents = _out806;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2300_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2301_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2302_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2303_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2304___mcc_h759 = _source73.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2305_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2306_recOwned;
-                  bool _2307_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2308_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out807;
-                  bool _out808;
-                  bool _out809;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out810;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out807, out _out808, out _out809, out _out810);
-                  _2305_recursiveGen = _out807;
-                  _2306_recOwned = _out808;
-                  _2307_recErased = _out809;
-                  _2308_recIdents = _out810;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2305_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2306_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2307_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2308_recIdents;
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source55.is_Map) {
-              DAST._IType _2309___mcc_h761 = _source55.dtor_key;
-              DAST._IType _2310___mcc_h762 = _source55.dtor_value;
-              DAST._IType _source75 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-              if (_source75.is_Path) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2311___mcc_h769 = _source75.dtor_Path_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2312___mcc_h770 = _source75.dtor_typeArgs;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _2313___mcc_h771 = _source75.dtor_resolved;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _source76 = _2313___mcc_h771;
-                if (_source76.is_Datatype) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2314___mcc_h775 = _source76.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2315_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2316_recOwned;
-                    bool _2317_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2318_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out811;
-                    bool _out812;
-                    bool _out813;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out814;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out811, out _out812, out _out813, out _out814);
-                    _2315_recursiveGen = _out811;
-                    _2316_recOwned = _out812;
-                    _2317_recErased = _out813;
-                    _2318_recIdents = _out814;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2315_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2316_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2317_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2318_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source76.is_Trait) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2319___mcc_h777 = _source76.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2320_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2321_recOwned;
-                    bool _2322_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2323_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out815;
-                    bool _out816;
-                    bool _out817;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out818;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out815, out _out816, out _out817, out _out818);
-                    _2320_recursiveGen = _out815;
-                    _2321_recOwned = _out816;
-                    _2322_recErased = _out817;
-                    _2323_recIdents = _out818;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2320_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2321_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2322_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2323_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  DAST._IType _2324___mcc_h779 = _source76.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _2325_b = _2324___mcc_h779;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2325_b)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2326_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2327_recOwned;
-                      bool _2328_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2329_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out819;
-                      bool _out820;
-                      bool _out821;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out822;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out819, out _out820, out _out821, out _out822);
-                      _2326_recursiveGen = _out819;
-                      _2327_recOwned = _out820;
-                      _2328_recErased = _out821;
-                      _2329_recIdents = _out822;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2330_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out823;
-                      _out823 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                      _2330_rhsType = _out823;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2331_uneraseFn;
-                      _2331_uneraseFn = ((_2327_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2330_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2331_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2326_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _2327_recOwned;
-                      isErased = false;
-                      readIdents = _2329_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out824;
-                      bool _out825;
-                      bool _out826;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out827;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2325_b), _2325_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out824, out _out825, out _out826, out _out827);
-                      s = _out824;
-                      isOwned = _out825;
-                      isErased = _out826;
-                      readIdents = _out827;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source75.is_Nullable) {
-                DAST._IType _2332___mcc_h781 = _source75.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2333_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2334_recOwned;
-                  bool _2335_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2336_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out828;
-                  bool _out829;
-                  bool _out830;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out831;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out828, out _out829, out _out830, out _out831);
-                  _2333_recursiveGen = _out828;
-                  _2334_recOwned = _out829;
-                  _2335_recErased = _out830;
-                  _2336_recIdents = _out831;
-                  if (!(_2334_recOwned)) {
-                    _2333_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2333_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2333_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                  isOwned = true;
-                  isErased = _2335_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2336_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source75.is_Tuple) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2337___mcc_h783 = _source75.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2338_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2339_recOwned;
-                  bool _2340_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2341_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out832;
-                  bool _out833;
-                  bool _out834;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out835;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out832, out _out833, out _out834, out _out835);
-                  _2338_recursiveGen = _out832;
-                  _2339_recOwned = _out833;
-                  _2340_recErased = _out834;
-                  _2341_recIdents = _out835;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2338_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2339_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2340_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2341_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source75.is_Array) {
-                DAST._IType _2342___mcc_h785 = _source75.dtor_element;
-                BigInteger _2343___mcc_h786 = _source75.dtor_dims;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2344_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2345_recOwned;
-                  bool _2346_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2347_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out836;
-                  bool _out837;
-                  bool _out838;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out839;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out836, out _out837, out _out838, out _out839);
-                  _2344_recursiveGen = _out836;
-                  _2345_recOwned = _out837;
-                  _2346_recErased = _out838;
-                  _2347_recIdents = _out839;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2344_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2345_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2346_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2347_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source75.is_Seq) {
-                DAST._IType _2348___mcc_h789 = _source75.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2349_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2350_recOwned;
-                  bool _2351_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2352_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out840;
-                  bool _out841;
-                  bool _out842;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out843;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out840, out _out841, out _out842, out _out843);
-                  _2349_recursiveGen = _out840;
-                  _2350_recOwned = _out841;
-                  _2351_recErased = _out842;
-                  _2352_recIdents = _out843;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2349_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2350_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2351_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2352_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source75.is_Set) {
-                DAST._IType _2353___mcc_h791 = _source75.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2354_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2355_recOwned;
-                  bool _2356_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2357_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out844;
-                  bool _out845;
-                  bool _out846;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out847;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out844, out _out845, out _out846, out _out847);
-                  _2354_recursiveGen = _out844;
-                  _2355_recOwned = _out845;
-                  _2356_recErased = _out846;
-                  _2357_recIdents = _out847;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2354_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2355_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2356_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2357_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source75.is_Multiset) {
-                DAST._IType _2358___mcc_h793 = _source75.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2359_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2360_recOwned;
-                  bool _2361_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2362_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out848;
-                  bool _out849;
-                  bool _out850;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out851;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out848, out _out849, out _out850, out _out851);
-                  _2359_recursiveGen = _out848;
-                  _2360_recOwned = _out849;
-                  _2361_recErased = _out850;
-                  _2362_recIdents = _out851;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2359_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2360_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2361_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2362_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source75.is_Map) {
-                DAST._IType _2363___mcc_h795 = _source75.dtor_key;
-                DAST._IType _2364___mcc_h796 = _source75.dtor_value;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2365_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2366_recOwned;
-                  bool _2367_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2368_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out852;
-                  bool _out853;
-                  bool _out854;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out855;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out852, out _out853, out _out854, out _out855);
-                  _2365_recursiveGen = _out852;
-                  _2366_recOwned = _out853;
-                  _2367_recErased = _out854;
-                  _2368_recIdents = _out855;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2365_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2366_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2367_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2368_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source75.is_Arrow) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2369___mcc_h799 = _source75.dtor_args;
-                DAST._IType _2370___mcc_h800 = _source75.dtor_result;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2371_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2372_recOwned;
-                  bool _2373_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2374_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out856;
-                  bool _out857;
-                  bool _out858;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out859;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out856, out _out857, out _out858, out _out859);
-                  _2371_recursiveGen = _out856;
-                  _2372_recOwned = _out857;
-                  _2373_recErased = _out858;
-                  _2374_recIdents = _out859;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2371_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2372_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2373_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2374_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source75.is_Primitive) {
-                DAST._IPrimitive _2375___mcc_h803 = _source75.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2376_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2377_recOwned;
-                  bool _2378_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2379_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out860;
-                  bool _out861;
-                  bool _out862;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out863;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out860, out _out861, out _out862, out _out863);
-                  _2376_recursiveGen = _out860;
-                  _2377_recOwned = _out861;
-                  _2378_recErased = _out862;
-                  _2379_recIdents = _out863;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2376_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2377_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2378_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2379_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source75.is_Passthrough) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2380___mcc_h805 = _source75.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2381_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2382_recOwned;
-                  bool _2383_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2384_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out864;
-                  bool _out865;
-                  bool _out866;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out867;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out864, out _out865, out _out866, out _out867);
-                  _2381_recursiveGen = _out864;
-                  _2382_recOwned = _out865;
-                  _2383_recErased = _out866;
-                  _2384_recIdents = _out867;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2381_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2382_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2383_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2384_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2385___mcc_h807 = _source75.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2386_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2387_recOwned;
-                  bool _2388_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2389_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out868;
-                  bool _out869;
-                  bool _out870;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out871;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out868, out _out869, out _out870, out _out871);
-                  _2386_recursiveGen = _out868;
-                  _2387_recOwned = _out869;
-                  _2388_recErased = _out870;
-                  _2389_recIdents = _out871;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2386_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2387_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2388_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2389_recIdents;
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source55.is_Arrow) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2390___mcc_h809 = _source55.dtor_args;
-              DAST._IType _2391___mcc_h810 = _source55.dtor_result;
-              DAST._IType _source77 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-              if (_source77.is_Path) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2392___mcc_h817 = _source77.dtor_Path_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2393___mcc_h818 = _source77.dtor_typeArgs;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _2394___mcc_h819 = _source77.dtor_resolved;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _source78 = _2394___mcc_h819;
-                if (_source78.is_Datatype) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2395___mcc_h823 = _source78.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2396_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2397_recOwned;
-                    bool _2398_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2399_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out872;
-                    bool _out873;
-                    bool _out874;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out875;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out872, out _out873, out _out874, out _out875);
-                    _2396_recursiveGen = _out872;
-                    _2397_recOwned = _out873;
-                    _2398_recErased = _out874;
-                    _2399_recIdents = _out875;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2396_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2397_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2398_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2399_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source78.is_Trait) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2400___mcc_h825 = _source78.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2401_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2402_recOwned;
-                    bool _2403_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2404_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out876;
-                    bool _out877;
-                    bool _out878;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out879;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out876, out _out877, out _out878, out _out879);
-                    _2401_recursiveGen = _out876;
-                    _2402_recOwned = _out877;
-                    _2403_recErased = _out878;
-                    _2404_recIdents = _out879;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2401_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2402_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2403_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2404_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  DAST._IType _2405___mcc_h827 = _source78.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _2406_b = _2405___mcc_h827;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2406_b)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2407_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2408_recOwned;
-                      bool _2409_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2410_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out880;
-                      bool _out881;
-                      bool _out882;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out883;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out880, out _out881, out _out882, out _out883);
-                      _2407_recursiveGen = _out880;
-                      _2408_recOwned = _out881;
-                      _2409_recErased = _out882;
-                      _2410_recIdents = _out883;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2411_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out884;
-                      _out884 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                      _2411_rhsType = _out884;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2412_uneraseFn;
-                      _2412_uneraseFn = ((_2408_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2411_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2412_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2407_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _2408_recOwned;
-                      isErased = false;
-                      readIdents = _2410_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out885;
-                      bool _out886;
-                      bool _out887;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out888;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2406_b), _2406_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out885, out _out886, out _out887, out _out888);
-                      s = _out885;
-                      isOwned = _out886;
-                      isErased = _out887;
-                      readIdents = _out888;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source77.is_Nullable) {
-                DAST._IType _2413___mcc_h829 = _source77.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2414_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2415_recOwned;
-                  bool _2416_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2417_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out889;
-                  bool _out890;
-                  bool _out891;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out892;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out889, out _out890, out _out891, out _out892);
-                  _2414_recursiveGen = _out889;
-                  _2415_recOwned = _out890;
-                  _2416_recErased = _out891;
-                  _2417_recIdents = _out892;
-                  if (!(_2415_recOwned)) {
-                    _2414_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2414_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2414_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                  isOwned = true;
-                  isErased = _2416_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2417_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source77.is_Tuple) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2418___mcc_h831 = _source77.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2419_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2420_recOwned;
-                  bool _2421_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2422_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out893;
-                  bool _out894;
-                  bool _out895;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out896;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out893, out _out894, out _out895, out _out896);
-                  _2419_recursiveGen = _out893;
-                  _2420_recOwned = _out894;
-                  _2421_recErased = _out895;
-                  _2422_recIdents = _out896;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2419_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2420_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2421_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2422_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source77.is_Array) {
-                DAST._IType _2423___mcc_h833 = _source77.dtor_element;
-                BigInteger _2424___mcc_h834 = _source77.dtor_dims;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2425_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2426_recOwned;
-                  bool _2427_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2428_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out897;
-                  bool _out898;
-                  bool _out899;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out900;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out897, out _out898, out _out899, out _out900);
-                  _2425_recursiveGen = _out897;
-                  _2426_recOwned = _out898;
-                  _2427_recErased = _out899;
-                  _2428_recIdents = _out900;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2425_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2426_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2427_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2428_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source77.is_Seq) {
-                DAST._IType _2429___mcc_h837 = _source77.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2430_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2431_recOwned;
-                  bool _2432_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2433_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out901;
-                  bool _out902;
-                  bool _out903;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out904;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out901, out _out902, out _out903, out _out904);
-                  _2430_recursiveGen = _out901;
-                  _2431_recOwned = _out902;
-                  _2432_recErased = _out903;
-                  _2433_recIdents = _out904;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2430_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2431_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2432_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2433_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source77.is_Set) {
-                DAST._IType _2434___mcc_h839 = _source77.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2435_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2436_recOwned;
-                  bool _2437_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2438_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out905;
-                  bool _out906;
-                  bool _out907;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out908;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out905, out _out906, out _out907, out _out908);
-                  _2435_recursiveGen = _out905;
-                  _2436_recOwned = _out906;
-                  _2437_recErased = _out907;
-                  _2438_recIdents = _out908;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2435_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2436_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2437_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2438_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source77.is_Multiset) {
-                DAST._IType _2439___mcc_h841 = _source77.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2440_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2441_recOwned;
-                  bool _2442_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2443_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out909;
-                  bool _out910;
-                  bool _out911;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out912;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out909, out _out910, out _out911, out _out912);
-                  _2440_recursiveGen = _out909;
-                  _2441_recOwned = _out910;
-                  _2442_recErased = _out911;
-                  _2443_recIdents = _out912;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2440_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2441_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2442_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2443_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source77.is_Map) {
-                DAST._IType _2444___mcc_h843 = _source77.dtor_key;
-                DAST._IType _2445___mcc_h844 = _source77.dtor_value;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2446_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2447_recOwned;
-                  bool _2448_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2449_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out913;
-                  bool _out914;
-                  bool _out915;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out916;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out913, out _out914, out _out915, out _out916);
-                  _2446_recursiveGen = _out913;
-                  _2447_recOwned = _out914;
-                  _2448_recErased = _out915;
-                  _2449_recIdents = _out916;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2446_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2447_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2448_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2449_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source77.is_Arrow) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2450___mcc_h847 = _source77.dtor_args;
-                DAST._IType _2451___mcc_h848 = _source77.dtor_result;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2452_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2453_recOwned;
-                  bool _2454_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2455_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out917;
-                  bool _out918;
-                  bool _out919;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out920;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out917, out _out918, out _out919, out _out920);
-                  _2452_recursiveGen = _out917;
-                  _2453_recOwned = _out918;
-                  _2454_recErased = _out919;
-                  _2455_recIdents = _out920;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2452_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2453_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2454_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2455_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source77.is_Primitive) {
-                DAST._IPrimitive _2456___mcc_h851 = _source77.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2457_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2458_recOwned;
-                  bool _2459_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2460_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out921;
-                  bool _out922;
-                  bool _out923;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out924;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out921, out _out922, out _out923, out _out924);
-                  _2457_recursiveGen = _out921;
-                  _2458_recOwned = _out922;
-                  _2459_recErased = _out923;
-                  _2460_recIdents = _out924;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2457_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2458_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2459_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2460_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source77.is_Passthrough) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2461___mcc_h853 = _source77.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2462_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2463_recOwned;
-                  bool _2464_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2465_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out925;
-                  bool _out926;
-                  bool _out927;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out928;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out925, out _out926, out _out927, out _out928);
-                  _2462_recursiveGen = _out925;
-                  _2463_recOwned = _out926;
-                  _2464_recErased = _out927;
-                  _2465_recIdents = _out928;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2462_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2463_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2464_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2465_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2466___mcc_h855 = _source77.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2467_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2468_recOwned;
-                  bool _2469_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2470_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out929;
-                  bool _out930;
-                  bool _out931;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out932;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out929, out _out930, out _out931, out _out932);
-                  _2467_recursiveGen = _out929;
-                  _2468_recOwned = _out930;
-                  _2469_recErased = _out931;
-                  _2470_recIdents = _out932;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2467_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2468_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2469_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2470_recIdents;
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source55.is_Primitive) {
-              DAST._IPrimitive _2471___mcc_h857 = _source55.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-              DAST._IPrimitive _source79 = _2471___mcc_h857;
-              if (_source79.is_Int) {
-                DAST._IType _source80 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-                if (_source80.is_Path) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2472___mcc_h861 = _source80.dtor_Path_a0;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2473___mcc_h862 = _source80.dtor_typeArgs;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _2474___mcc_h863 = _source80.dtor_resolved;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _source81 = _2474___mcc_h863;
-                  if (_source81.is_Datatype) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2475___mcc_h867 = _source81.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2476_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2477_recOwned;
-                      bool _2478_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2479_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out933;
-                      bool _out934;
-                      bool _out935;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out936;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out933, out _out934, out _out935, out _out936);
-                      _2476_recursiveGen = _out933;
-                      _2477_recOwned = _out934;
-                      _2478_recErased = _out935;
-                      _2479_recIdents = _out936;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2476_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2477_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2478_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2479_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source81.is_Trait) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2480___mcc_h869 = _source81.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2481_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2482_recOwned;
-                      bool _2483_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2484_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out937;
-                      bool _out938;
-                      bool _out939;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out940;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out937, out _out938, out _out939, out _out940);
-                      _2481_recursiveGen = _out937;
-                      _2482_recOwned = _out938;
-                      _2483_recErased = _out939;
-                      _2484_recIdents = _out940;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2481_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2482_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2483_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2484_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    DAST._IType _2485___mcc_h871 = _source81.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                    DAST._IType _2486_b = _2485___mcc_h871;
-                    {
-                      if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2486_b)) {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2487_recursiveGen;
-                        bool _2488_recOwned;
-                        bool _2489_recErased;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2490_recIdents;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out941;
-                        bool _out942;
-                        bool _out943;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out944;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out941, out _out942, out _out943, out _out944);
-                        _2487_recursiveGen = _out941;
-                        _2488_recOwned = _out942;
-                        _2489_recErased = _out943;
-                        _2490_recIdents = _out944;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2491_rhsType;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out945;
-                        _out945 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                        _2491_rhsType = _out945;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2492_uneraseFn;
-                        _2492_uneraseFn = ((_2488_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2491_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2492_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2487_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                        isOwned = _2488_recOwned;
-                        isErased = false;
-                        readIdents = _2490_recIdents;
-                      } else {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out946;
-                        bool _out947;
-                        bool _out948;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out949;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2486_b), _2486_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out946, out _out947, out _out948, out _out949);
-                        s = _out946;
-                        isOwned = _out947;
-                        isErased = _out948;
-                        readIdents = _out949;
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source80.is_Nullable) {
-                  DAST._IType _2493___mcc_h873 = _source80.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2494_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2495_recOwned;
-                    bool _2496_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2497_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out950;
-                    bool _out951;
-                    bool _out952;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out953;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out950, out _out951, out _out952, out _out953);
-                    _2494_recursiveGen = _out950;
-                    _2495_recOwned = _out951;
-                    _2496_recErased = _out952;
-                    _2497_recIdents = _out953;
-                    if (!(_2495_recOwned)) {
-                      _2494_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2494_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2494_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    isOwned = true;
-                    isErased = _2496_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2497_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source80.is_Tuple) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2498___mcc_h875 = _source80.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2499_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2500_recOwned;
-                    bool _2501_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2502_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out954;
-                    bool _out955;
-                    bool _out956;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out957;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out954, out _out955, out _out956, out _out957);
-                    _2499_recursiveGen = _out954;
-                    _2500_recOwned = _out955;
-                    _2501_recErased = _out956;
-                    _2502_recIdents = _out957;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2499_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2500_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2501_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2502_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source80.is_Array) {
-                  DAST._IType _2503___mcc_h877 = _source80.dtor_element;
-                  BigInteger _2504___mcc_h878 = _source80.dtor_dims;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2505_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2506_recOwned;
-                    bool _2507_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2508_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out958;
-                    bool _out959;
-                    bool _out960;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out961;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out958, out _out959, out _out960, out _out961);
-                    _2505_recursiveGen = _out958;
-                    _2506_recOwned = _out959;
-                    _2507_recErased = _out960;
-                    _2508_recIdents = _out961;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2505_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2506_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2507_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2508_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source80.is_Seq) {
-                  DAST._IType _2509___mcc_h881 = _source80.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2510_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2511_recOwned;
-                    bool _2512_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2513_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out962;
-                    bool _out963;
-                    bool _out964;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out965;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out962, out _out963, out _out964, out _out965);
-                    _2510_recursiveGen = _out962;
-                    _2511_recOwned = _out963;
-                    _2512_recErased = _out964;
-                    _2513_recIdents = _out965;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2510_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2511_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2512_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2513_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source80.is_Set) {
-                  DAST._IType _2514___mcc_h883 = _source80.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2515_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2516_recOwned;
-                    bool _2517_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2518_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out966;
-                    bool _out967;
-                    bool _out968;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out969;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out966, out _out967, out _out968, out _out969);
-                    _2515_recursiveGen = _out966;
-                    _2516_recOwned = _out967;
-                    _2517_recErased = _out968;
-                    _2518_recIdents = _out969;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2515_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2516_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2517_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2518_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source80.is_Multiset) {
-                  DAST._IType _2519___mcc_h885 = _source80.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2520_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2521_recOwned;
-                    bool _2522_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2523_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out970;
-                    bool _out971;
-                    bool _out972;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out973;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out970, out _out971, out _out972, out _out973);
-                    _2520_recursiveGen = _out970;
-                    _2521_recOwned = _out971;
-                    _2522_recErased = _out972;
-                    _2523_recIdents = _out973;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2520_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2521_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2522_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2523_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source80.is_Map) {
-                  DAST._IType _2524___mcc_h887 = _source80.dtor_key;
-                  DAST._IType _2525___mcc_h888 = _source80.dtor_value;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2526_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2527_recOwned;
-                    bool _2528_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2529_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out974;
-                    bool _out975;
-                    bool _out976;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out977;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out974, out _out975, out _out976, out _out977);
-                    _2526_recursiveGen = _out974;
-                    _2527_recOwned = _out975;
-                    _2528_recErased = _out976;
-                    _2529_recIdents = _out977;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2526_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2527_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2528_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2529_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source80.is_Arrow) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2530___mcc_h891 = _source80.dtor_args;
-                  DAST._IType _2531___mcc_h892 = _source80.dtor_result;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2532_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2533_recOwned;
-                    bool _2534_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2535_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out978;
-                    bool _out979;
-                    bool _out980;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out981;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out978, out _out979, out _out980, out _out981);
-                    _2532_recursiveGen = _out978;
-                    _2533_recOwned = _out979;
-                    _2534_recErased = _out980;
-                    _2535_recIdents = _out981;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2532_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2533_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2534_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2535_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source80.is_Primitive) {
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _2536___mcc_h895 = _source80.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _source82 = _2536___mcc_h895;
-                  if (_source82.is_Int) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2537_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2538_recOwned;
-                      bool _2539_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2540_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out982;
-                      bool _out983;
-                      bool _out984;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out985;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out982, out _out983, out _out984, out _out985);
-                      _2537_recursiveGen = _out982;
-                      _2538_recOwned = _out983;
-                      _2539_recErased = _out984;
-                      _2540_recIdents = _out985;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2537_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2538_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2539_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2540_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source82.is_Real) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2541_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2542___v46;
-                      bool _2543___v47;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2544_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out986;
-                      bool _out987;
-                      bool _out988;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out989;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out986, out _out987, out _out988, out _out989);
-                      _2541_recursiveGen = _out986;
-                      _2542___v46 = _out987;
-                      _2543___v47 = _out988;
-                      _2544_recIdents = _out989;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigRational::from_integer("), _2541_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = true;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _2544_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source82.is_String) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2545_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2546_recOwned;
-                      bool _2547_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2548_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out990;
-                      bool _out991;
-                      bool _out992;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out993;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out990, out _out991, out _out992, out _out993);
-                      _2545_recursiveGen = _out990;
-                      _2546_recOwned = _out991;
-                      _2547_recErased = _out992;
-                      _2548_recIdents = _out993;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2545_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2546_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2547_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2548_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source82.is_Bool) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2549_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2550_recOwned;
-                      bool _2551_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2552_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out994;
-                      bool _out995;
-                      bool _out996;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out997;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out994, out _out995, out _out996, out _out997);
-                      _2549_recursiveGen = _out994;
-                      _2550_recOwned = _out995;
-                      _2551_recErased = _out996;
-                      _2552_recIdents = _out997;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2549_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2550_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2551_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2552_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2553_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out998;
-                      _out998 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                      _2553_rhsType = _out998;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2554_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2555___v56;
-                      bool _2556___v57;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2557_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out999;
-                      bool _out1000;
-                      bool _out1001;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1002;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out999, out _out1000, out _out1001, out _out1002);
-                      _2554_recursiveGen = _out999;
-                      _2555___v56 = _out1000;
-                      _2556___v57 = _out1001;
-                      _2557_recIdents = _out1002;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("char::from_u32(<u32 as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from("), _2554_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap()).unwrap()"));
-                      isOwned = true;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _2557_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source80.is_Passthrough) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2558___mcc_h897 = _source80.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2559_rhsType;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1003;
-                    _out1003 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                    _2559_rhsType = _out1003;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2560_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2561___v51;
-                    bool _2562___v52;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2563_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1004;
-                    bool _out1005;
-                    bool _out1006;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1007;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1004, out _out1005, out _out1006, out _out1007);
-                    _2560_recursiveGen = _out1004;
-                    _2561___v51 = _out1005;
-                    _2562___v52 = _out1006;
-                    _2563_recIdents = _out1007;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2559_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(")), _2560_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap()"));
-                    isOwned = true;
-                    isErased = true;
-                    readIdents = _2563_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2564___mcc_h899 = _source80.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2565_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2566_recOwned;
-                    bool _2567_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2568_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1008;
-                    bool _out1009;
-                    bool _out1010;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1011;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1008, out _out1009, out _out1010, out _out1011);
-                    _2565_recursiveGen = _out1008;
-                    _2566_recOwned = _out1009;
-                    _2567_recErased = _out1010;
-                    _2568_recIdents = _out1011;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2565_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2566_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2567_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2568_recIdents;
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source79.is_Real) {
-                DAST._IType _source83 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-                if (_source83.is_Path) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2569___mcc_h901 = _source83.dtor_Path_a0;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2570___mcc_h902 = _source83.dtor_typeArgs;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _2571___mcc_h903 = _source83.dtor_resolved;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _source84 = _2571___mcc_h903;
-                  if (_source84.is_Datatype) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2572___mcc_h907 = _source84.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2573_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2574_recOwned;
-                      bool _2575_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2576_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1012;
-                      bool _out1013;
-                      bool _out1014;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1015;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1012, out _out1013, out _out1014, out _out1015);
-                      _2573_recursiveGen = _out1012;
-                      _2574_recOwned = _out1013;
-                      _2575_recErased = _out1014;
-                      _2576_recIdents = _out1015;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2573_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2574_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2575_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2576_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source84.is_Trait) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2577___mcc_h909 = _source84.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2578_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2579_recOwned;
-                      bool _2580_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2581_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1016;
-                      bool _out1017;
-                      bool _out1018;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1019;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1016, out _out1017, out _out1018, out _out1019);
-                      _2578_recursiveGen = _out1016;
-                      _2579_recOwned = _out1017;
-                      _2580_recErased = _out1018;
-                      _2581_recIdents = _out1019;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2578_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2579_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2580_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2581_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    DAST._IType _2582___mcc_h911 = _source84.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                    DAST._IType _2583_b = _2582___mcc_h911;
-                    {
-                      if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2583_b)) {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2584_recursiveGen;
-                        bool _2585_recOwned;
-                        bool _2586_recErased;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2587_recIdents;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1020;
-                        bool _out1021;
-                        bool _out1022;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1023;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1020, out _out1021, out _out1022, out _out1023);
-                        _2584_recursiveGen = _out1020;
-                        _2585_recOwned = _out1021;
-                        _2586_recErased = _out1022;
-                        _2587_recIdents = _out1023;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2588_rhsType;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1024;
-                        _out1024 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                        _2588_rhsType = _out1024;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2589_uneraseFn;
-                        _2589_uneraseFn = ((_2585_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2588_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2589_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2584_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                        isOwned = _2585_recOwned;
-                        isErased = false;
-                        readIdents = _2587_recIdents;
-                      } else {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1025;
-                        bool _out1026;
-                        bool _out1027;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1028;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2583_b), _2583_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1025, out _out1026, out _out1027, out _out1028);
-                        s = _out1025;
-                        isOwned = _out1026;
-                        isErased = _out1027;
-                        readIdents = _out1028;
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source83.is_Nullable) {
-                  DAST._IType _2590___mcc_h913 = _source83.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2591_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2592_recOwned;
-                    bool _2593_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2594_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1029;
-                    bool _out1030;
-                    bool _out1031;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1032;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1029, out _out1030, out _out1031, out _out1032);
-                    _2591_recursiveGen = _out1029;
-                    _2592_recOwned = _out1030;
-                    _2593_recErased = _out1031;
-                    _2594_recIdents = _out1032;
-                    if (!(_2592_recOwned)) {
-                      _2591_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2591_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2591_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    isOwned = true;
-                    isErased = _2593_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2594_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source83.is_Tuple) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2595___mcc_h915 = _source83.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2596_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2597_recOwned;
-                    bool _2598_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2599_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1033;
-                    bool _out1034;
-                    bool _out1035;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1036;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1033, out _out1034, out _out1035, out _out1036);
-                    _2596_recursiveGen = _out1033;
-                    _2597_recOwned = _out1034;
-                    _2598_recErased = _out1035;
-                    _2599_recIdents = _out1036;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2596_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2597_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2598_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2599_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source83.is_Array) {
-                  DAST._IType _2600___mcc_h917 = _source83.dtor_element;
-                  BigInteger _2601___mcc_h918 = _source83.dtor_dims;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2602_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2603_recOwned;
-                    bool _2604_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2605_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1037;
-                    bool _out1038;
-                    bool _out1039;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1040;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1037, out _out1038, out _out1039, out _out1040);
-                    _2602_recursiveGen = _out1037;
-                    _2603_recOwned = _out1038;
-                    _2604_recErased = _out1039;
-                    _2605_recIdents = _out1040;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2602_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2603_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2604_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2605_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source83.is_Seq) {
-                  DAST._IType _2606___mcc_h921 = _source83.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2607_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2608_recOwned;
-                    bool _2609_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2610_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1041;
-                    bool _out1042;
-                    bool _out1043;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1044;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1041, out _out1042, out _out1043, out _out1044);
-                    _2607_recursiveGen = _out1041;
-                    _2608_recOwned = _out1042;
-                    _2609_recErased = _out1043;
-                    _2610_recIdents = _out1044;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2607_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2608_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2609_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2610_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source83.is_Set) {
-                  DAST._IType _2611___mcc_h923 = _source83.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2612_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2613_recOwned;
-                    bool _2614_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2615_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1045;
-                    bool _out1046;
-                    bool _out1047;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1048;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1045, out _out1046, out _out1047, out _out1048);
-                    _2612_recursiveGen = _out1045;
-                    _2613_recOwned = _out1046;
-                    _2614_recErased = _out1047;
-                    _2615_recIdents = _out1048;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2612_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2613_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2614_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2615_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source83.is_Multiset) {
-                  DAST._IType _2616___mcc_h925 = _source83.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2617_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2618_recOwned;
-                    bool _2619_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2620_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1049;
-                    bool _out1050;
-                    bool _out1051;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1052;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1049, out _out1050, out _out1051, out _out1052);
-                    _2617_recursiveGen = _out1049;
-                    _2618_recOwned = _out1050;
-                    _2619_recErased = _out1051;
-                    _2620_recIdents = _out1052;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2617_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2618_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2619_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2620_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source83.is_Map) {
-                  DAST._IType _2621___mcc_h927 = _source83.dtor_key;
-                  DAST._IType _2622___mcc_h928 = _source83.dtor_value;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2623_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2624_recOwned;
-                    bool _2625_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2626_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1053;
-                    bool _out1054;
-                    bool _out1055;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1056;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1053, out _out1054, out _out1055, out _out1056);
-                    _2623_recursiveGen = _out1053;
-                    _2624_recOwned = _out1054;
-                    _2625_recErased = _out1055;
-                    _2626_recIdents = _out1056;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2623_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2624_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2625_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2626_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source83.is_Arrow) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2627___mcc_h931 = _source83.dtor_args;
-                  DAST._IType _2628___mcc_h932 = _source83.dtor_result;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2629_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2630_recOwned;
-                    bool _2631_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2632_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1057;
-                    bool _out1058;
-                    bool _out1059;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1060;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1057, out _out1058, out _out1059, out _out1060);
-                    _2629_recursiveGen = _out1057;
-                    _2630_recOwned = _out1058;
-                    _2631_recErased = _out1059;
-                    _2632_recIdents = _out1060;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2629_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2630_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2631_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2632_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source83.is_Primitive) {
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _2633___mcc_h935 = _source83.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _source85 = _2633___mcc_h935;
-                  if (_source85.is_Int) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2634_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2635___v48;
-                      bool _2636___v49;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2637_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1061;
-                      bool _out1062;
-                      bool _out1063;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1064;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1061, out _out1062, out _out1063, out _out1064);
-                      _2634_recursiveGen = _out1061;
-                      _2635___v48 = _out1062;
-                      _2636___v49 = _out1063;
-                      _2637_recIdents = _out1064;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::dafny_rational_to_int("), _2634_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = true;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _2637_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source85.is_Real) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2638_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2639_recOwned;
-                      bool _2640_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2641_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1065;
-                      bool _out1066;
-                      bool _out1067;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1068;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1065, out _out1066, out _out1067, out _out1068);
-                      _2638_recursiveGen = _out1065;
-                      _2639_recOwned = _out1066;
-                      _2640_recErased = _out1067;
-                      _2641_recIdents = _out1068;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2638_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2639_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2640_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2641_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source85.is_String) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2642_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2643_recOwned;
-                      bool _2644_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2645_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1069;
-                      bool _out1070;
-                      bool _out1071;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1072;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1069, out _out1070, out _out1071, out _out1072);
-                      _2642_recursiveGen = _out1069;
-                      _2643_recOwned = _out1070;
-                      _2644_recErased = _out1071;
-                      _2645_recIdents = _out1072;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2642_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2643_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2644_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2645_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source85.is_Bool) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2646_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2647_recOwned;
-                      bool _2648_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2649_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1073;
-                      bool _out1074;
-                      bool _out1075;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1076;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1073, out _out1074, out _out1075, out _out1076);
-                      _2646_recursiveGen = _out1073;
-                      _2647_recOwned = _out1074;
-                      _2648_recErased = _out1075;
-                      _2649_recIdents = _out1076;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2646_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2647_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2648_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2649_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2650_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2651_recOwned;
-                      bool _2652_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2653_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1077;
-                      bool _out1078;
-                      bool _out1079;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1080;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1077, out _out1078, out _out1079, out _out1080);
-                      _2650_recursiveGen = _out1077;
-                      _2651_recOwned = _out1078;
-                      _2652_recErased = _out1079;
-                      _2653_recIdents = _out1080;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2650_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2651_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2652_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2653_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source83.is_Passthrough) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2654___mcc_h937 = _source83.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2655_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2656_recOwned;
-                    bool _2657_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2658_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1081;
-                    bool _out1082;
-                    bool _out1083;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1084;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1081, out _out1082, out _out1083, out _out1084);
-                    _2655_recursiveGen = _out1081;
-                    _2656_recOwned = _out1082;
-                    _2657_recErased = _out1083;
-                    _2658_recIdents = _out1084;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2655_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2656_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2657_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2658_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2659___mcc_h939 = _source83.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2660_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2661_recOwned;
-                    bool _2662_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2663_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1085;
-                    bool _out1086;
-                    bool _out1087;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1088;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1085, out _out1086, out _out1087, out _out1088);
-                    _2660_recursiveGen = _out1085;
-                    _2661_recOwned = _out1086;
-                    _2662_recErased = _out1087;
-                    _2663_recIdents = _out1088;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2660_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2661_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2662_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2663_recIdents;
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source79.is_String) {
-                DAST._IType _source86 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-                if (_source86.is_Path) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2664___mcc_h941 = _source86.dtor_Path_a0;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2665___mcc_h942 = _source86.dtor_typeArgs;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _2666___mcc_h943 = _source86.dtor_resolved;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _source87 = _2666___mcc_h943;
-                  if (_source87.is_Datatype) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2667___mcc_h947 = _source87.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2668_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2669_recOwned;
-                      bool _2670_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2671_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1089;
-                      bool _out1090;
-                      bool _out1091;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1092;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1089, out _out1090, out _out1091, out _out1092);
-                      _2668_recursiveGen = _out1089;
-                      _2669_recOwned = _out1090;
-                      _2670_recErased = _out1091;
-                      _2671_recIdents = _out1092;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2668_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2669_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2670_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2671_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source87.is_Trait) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2672___mcc_h949 = _source87.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2673_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2674_recOwned;
-                      bool _2675_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2676_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1093;
-                      bool _out1094;
-                      bool _out1095;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1096;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1093, out _out1094, out _out1095, out _out1096);
-                      _2673_recursiveGen = _out1093;
-                      _2674_recOwned = _out1094;
-                      _2675_recErased = _out1095;
-                      _2676_recIdents = _out1096;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2673_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2674_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2675_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2676_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    DAST._IType _2677___mcc_h951 = _source87.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                    DAST._IType _2678_b = _2677___mcc_h951;
-                    {
-                      if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2678_b)) {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2679_recursiveGen;
-                        bool _2680_recOwned;
-                        bool _2681_recErased;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2682_recIdents;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1097;
-                        bool _out1098;
-                        bool _out1099;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1100;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1097, out _out1098, out _out1099, out _out1100);
-                        _2679_recursiveGen = _out1097;
-                        _2680_recOwned = _out1098;
-                        _2681_recErased = _out1099;
-                        _2682_recIdents = _out1100;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2683_rhsType;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1101;
-                        _out1101 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                        _2683_rhsType = _out1101;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2684_uneraseFn;
-                        _2684_uneraseFn = ((_2680_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2683_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2684_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2679_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                        isOwned = _2680_recOwned;
-                        isErased = false;
-                        readIdents = _2682_recIdents;
-                      } else {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1102;
-                        bool _out1103;
-                        bool _out1104;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1105;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2678_b), _2678_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1102, out _out1103, out _out1104, out _out1105);
-                        s = _out1102;
-                        isOwned = _out1103;
-                        isErased = _out1104;
-                        readIdents = _out1105;
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source86.is_Nullable) {
-                  DAST._IType _2685___mcc_h953 = _source86.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2686_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2687_recOwned;
-                    bool _2688_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2689_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1106;
-                    bool _out1107;
-                    bool _out1108;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1109;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1106, out _out1107, out _out1108, out _out1109);
-                    _2686_recursiveGen = _out1106;
-                    _2687_recOwned = _out1107;
-                    _2688_recErased = _out1108;
-                    _2689_recIdents = _out1109;
-                    if (!(_2687_recOwned)) {
-                      _2686_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2686_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2686_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    isOwned = true;
-                    isErased = _2688_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2689_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source86.is_Tuple) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2690___mcc_h955 = _source86.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2691_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2692_recOwned;
-                    bool _2693_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2694_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1110;
-                    bool _out1111;
-                    bool _out1112;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1113;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1110, out _out1111, out _out1112, out _out1113);
-                    _2691_recursiveGen = _out1110;
-                    _2692_recOwned = _out1111;
-                    _2693_recErased = _out1112;
-                    _2694_recIdents = _out1113;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2691_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2692_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2693_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2694_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source86.is_Array) {
-                  DAST._IType _2695___mcc_h957 = _source86.dtor_element;
-                  BigInteger _2696___mcc_h958 = _source86.dtor_dims;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2697_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2698_recOwned;
-                    bool _2699_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2700_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1114;
-                    bool _out1115;
-                    bool _out1116;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1117;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1114, out _out1115, out _out1116, out _out1117);
-                    _2697_recursiveGen = _out1114;
-                    _2698_recOwned = _out1115;
-                    _2699_recErased = _out1116;
-                    _2700_recIdents = _out1117;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2697_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2698_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2699_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2700_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source86.is_Seq) {
-                  DAST._IType _2701___mcc_h961 = _source86.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2702_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2703_recOwned;
-                    bool _2704_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2705_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1118;
-                    bool _out1119;
-                    bool _out1120;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1121;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1118, out _out1119, out _out1120, out _out1121);
-                    _2702_recursiveGen = _out1118;
-                    _2703_recOwned = _out1119;
-                    _2704_recErased = _out1120;
-                    _2705_recIdents = _out1121;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2702_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2703_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2704_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2705_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source86.is_Set) {
-                  DAST._IType _2706___mcc_h963 = _source86.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2707_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2708_recOwned;
-                    bool _2709_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2710_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1122;
-                    bool _out1123;
-                    bool _out1124;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1125;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1122, out _out1123, out _out1124, out _out1125);
-                    _2707_recursiveGen = _out1122;
-                    _2708_recOwned = _out1123;
-                    _2709_recErased = _out1124;
-                    _2710_recIdents = _out1125;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2707_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2708_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2709_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2710_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source86.is_Multiset) {
-                  DAST._IType _2711___mcc_h965 = _source86.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2712_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2713_recOwned;
-                    bool _2714_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2715_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1126;
-                    bool _out1127;
-                    bool _out1128;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1129;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1126, out _out1127, out _out1128, out _out1129);
-                    _2712_recursiveGen = _out1126;
-                    _2713_recOwned = _out1127;
-                    _2714_recErased = _out1128;
-                    _2715_recIdents = _out1129;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2712_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2713_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2714_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2715_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source86.is_Map) {
-                  DAST._IType _2716___mcc_h967 = _source86.dtor_key;
-                  DAST._IType _2717___mcc_h968 = _source86.dtor_value;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2718_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2719_recOwned;
-                    bool _2720_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2721_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1130;
-                    bool _out1131;
-                    bool _out1132;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1133;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1130, out _out1131, out _out1132, out _out1133);
-                    _2718_recursiveGen = _out1130;
-                    _2719_recOwned = _out1131;
-                    _2720_recErased = _out1132;
-                    _2721_recIdents = _out1133;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2718_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2719_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2720_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2721_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source86.is_Arrow) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2722___mcc_h971 = _source86.dtor_args;
-                  DAST._IType _2723___mcc_h972 = _source86.dtor_result;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2724_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2725_recOwned;
-                    bool _2726_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2727_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1134;
-                    bool _out1135;
-                    bool _out1136;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1137;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1134, out _out1135, out _out1136, out _out1137);
-                    _2724_recursiveGen = _out1134;
-                    _2725_recOwned = _out1135;
-                    _2726_recErased = _out1136;
-                    _2727_recIdents = _out1137;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2724_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2725_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2726_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2727_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source86.is_Primitive) {
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _2728___mcc_h975 = _source86.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2729_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2730_recOwned;
-                    bool _2731_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2732_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1138;
-                    bool _out1139;
-                    bool _out1140;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1141;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1138, out _out1139, out _out1140, out _out1141);
-                    _2729_recursiveGen = _out1138;
-                    _2730_recOwned = _out1139;
-                    _2731_recErased = _out1140;
-                    _2732_recIdents = _out1141;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2729_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2730_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2731_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2732_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source86.is_Passthrough) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2733___mcc_h977 = _source86.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2734_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2735_recOwned;
-                    bool _2736_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2737_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1142;
-                    bool _out1143;
-                    bool _out1144;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1145;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1142, out _out1143, out _out1144, out _out1145);
-                    _2734_recursiveGen = _out1142;
-                    _2735_recOwned = _out1143;
-                    _2736_recErased = _out1144;
-                    _2737_recIdents = _out1145;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2734_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2735_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2736_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2737_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2738___mcc_h979 = _source86.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2739_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2740_recOwned;
-                    bool _2741_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2742_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1146;
-                    bool _out1147;
-                    bool _out1148;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1149;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1146, out _out1147, out _out1148, out _out1149);
-                    _2739_recursiveGen = _out1146;
-                    _2740_recOwned = _out1147;
-                    _2741_recErased = _out1148;
-                    _2742_recIdents = _out1149;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2739_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2740_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2741_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2742_recIdents;
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source79.is_Bool) {
-                DAST._IType _source88 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-                if (_source88.is_Path) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2743___mcc_h981 = _source88.dtor_Path_a0;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2744___mcc_h982 = _source88.dtor_typeArgs;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _2745___mcc_h983 = _source88.dtor_resolved;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _source89 = _2745___mcc_h983;
-                  if (_source89.is_Datatype) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2746___mcc_h987 = _source89.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2747_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2748_recOwned;
-                      bool _2749_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2750_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1150;
-                      bool _out1151;
-                      bool _out1152;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1153;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1150, out _out1151, out _out1152, out _out1153);
-                      _2747_recursiveGen = _out1150;
-                      _2748_recOwned = _out1151;
-                      _2749_recErased = _out1152;
-                      _2750_recIdents = _out1153;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2747_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2748_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2749_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2750_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source89.is_Trait) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2751___mcc_h989 = _source89.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2752_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2753_recOwned;
-                      bool _2754_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2755_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1154;
-                      bool _out1155;
-                      bool _out1156;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1157;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1154, out _out1155, out _out1156, out _out1157);
-                      _2752_recursiveGen = _out1154;
-                      _2753_recOwned = _out1155;
-                      _2754_recErased = _out1156;
-                      _2755_recIdents = _out1157;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2752_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2753_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2754_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2755_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    DAST._IType _2756___mcc_h991 = _source89.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                    DAST._IType _2757_b = _2756___mcc_h991;
-                    {
-                      if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2757_b)) {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2758_recursiveGen;
-                        bool _2759_recOwned;
-                        bool _2760_recErased;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2761_recIdents;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1158;
-                        bool _out1159;
-                        bool _out1160;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1161;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1158, out _out1159, out _out1160, out _out1161);
-                        _2758_recursiveGen = _out1158;
-                        _2759_recOwned = _out1159;
-                        _2760_recErased = _out1160;
-                        _2761_recIdents = _out1161;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2762_rhsType;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1162;
-                        _out1162 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                        _2762_rhsType = _out1162;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2763_uneraseFn;
-                        _2763_uneraseFn = ((_2759_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2762_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2763_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2758_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                        isOwned = _2759_recOwned;
-                        isErased = false;
-                        readIdents = _2761_recIdents;
-                      } else {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1163;
-                        bool _out1164;
-                        bool _out1165;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1166;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2757_b), _2757_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1163, out _out1164, out _out1165, out _out1166);
-                        s = _out1163;
-                        isOwned = _out1164;
-                        isErased = _out1165;
-                        readIdents = _out1166;
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source88.is_Nullable) {
-                  DAST._IType _2764___mcc_h993 = _source88.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2765_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2766_recOwned;
-                    bool _2767_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2768_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1167;
-                    bool _out1168;
-                    bool _out1169;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1170;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1167, out _out1168, out _out1169, out _out1170);
-                    _2765_recursiveGen = _out1167;
-                    _2766_recOwned = _out1168;
-                    _2767_recErased = _out1169;
-                    _2768_recIdents = _out1170;
-                    if (!(_2766_recOwned)) {
-                      _2765_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2765_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2765_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    isOwned = true;
-                    isErased = _2767_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2768_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source88.is_Tuple) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2769___mcc_h995 = _source88.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2770_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2771_recOwned;
-                    bool _2772_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2773_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1171;
-                    bool _out1172;
-                    bool _out1173;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1174;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1171, out _out1172, out _out1173, out _out1174);
-                    _2770_recursiveGen = _out1171;
-                    _2771_recOwned = _out1172;
-                    _2772_recErased = _out1173;
-                    _2773_recIdents = _out1174;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2770_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2771_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2772_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2773_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source88.is_Array) {
-                  DAST._IType _2774___mcc_h997 = _source88.dtor_element;
-                  BigInteger _2775___mcc_h998 = _source88.dtor_dims;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2776_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2777_recOwned;
-                    bool _2778_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2779_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1175;
-                    bool _out1176;
-                    bool _out1177;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1178;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1175, out _out1176, out _out1177, out _out1178);
-                    _2776_recursiveGen = _out1175;
-                    _2777_recOwned = _out1176;
-                    _2778_recErased = _out1177;
-                    _2779_recIdents = _out1178;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2776_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2777_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2778_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2779_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source88.is_Seq) {
-                  DAST._IType _2780___mcc_h1001 = _source88.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2781_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2782_recOwned;
-                    bool _2783_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2784_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1179;
-                    bool _out1180;
-                    bool _out1181;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1182;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1179, out _out1180, out _out1181, out _out1182);
-                    _2781_recursiveGen = _out1179;
-                    _2782_recOwned = _out1180;
-                    _2783_recErased = _out1181;
-                    _2784_recIdents = _out1182;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2781_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2782_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2783_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2784_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source88.is_Set) {
-                  DAST._IType _2785___mcc_h1003 = _source88.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2786_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2787_recOwned;
-                    bool _2788_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2789_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1183;
-                    bool _out1184;
-                    bool _out1185;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1186;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1183, out _out1184, out _out1185, out _out1186);
-                    _2786_recursiveGen = _out1183;
-                    _2787_recOwned = _out1184;
-                    _2788_recErased = _out1185;
-                    _2789_recIdents = _out1186;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2786_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2787_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2788_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2789_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source88.is_Multiset) {
-                  DAST._IType _2790___mcc_h1005 = _source88.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2791_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2792_recOwned;
-                    bool _2793_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2794_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1187;
-                    bool _out1188;
-                    bool _out1189;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1190;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1187, out _out1188, out _out1189, out _out1190);
-                    _2791_recursiveGen = _out1187;
-                    _2792_recOwned = _out1188;
-                    _2793_recErased = _out1189;
-                    _2794_recIdents = _out1190;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2791_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2792_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2793_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2794_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source88.is_Map) {
-                  DAST._IType _2795___mcc_h1007 = _source88.dtor_key;
-                  DAST._IType _2796___mcc_h1008 = _source88.dtor_value;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2797_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2798_recOwned;
-                    bool _2799_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2800_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1191;
-                    bool _out1192;
-                    bool _out1193;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1194;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1191, out _out1192, out _out1193, out _out1194);
-                    _2797_recursiveGen = _out1191;
-                    _2798_recOwned = _out1192;
-                    _2799_recErased = _out1193;
-                    _2800_recIdents = _out1194;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2797_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2798_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2799_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2800_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source88.is_Arrow) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2801___mcc_h1011 = _source88.dtor_args;
-                  DAST._IType _2802___mcc_h1012 = _source88.dtor_result;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2803_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2804_recOwned;
-                    bool _2805_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2806_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1195;
-                    bool _out1196;
-                    bool _out1197;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1198;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1195, out _out1196, out _out1197, out _out1198);
-                    _2803_recursiveGen = _out1195;
-                    _2804_recOwned = _out1196;
-                    _2805_recErased = _out1197;
-                    _2806_recIdents = _out1198;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2803_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2804_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2805_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2806_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source88.is_Primitive) {
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _2807___mcc_h1015 = _source88.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2808_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2809_recOwned;
-                    bool _2810_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2811_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1199;
-                    bool _out1200;
-                    bool _out1201;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1202;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1199, out _out1200, out _out1201, out _out1202);
-                    _2808_recursiveGen = _out1199;
-                    _2809_recOwned = _out1200;
-                    _2810_recErased = _out1201;
-                    _2811_recIdents = _out1202;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2808_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2809_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2810_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2811_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source88.is_Passthrough) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2812___mcc_h1017 = _source88.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2813_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2814_recOwned;
-                    bool _2815_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2816_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1203;
-                    bool _out1204;
-                    bool _out1205;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1206;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1203, out _out1204, out _out1205, out _out1206);
-                    _2813_recursiveGen = _out1203;
-                    _2814_recOwned = _out1204;
-                    _2815_recErased = _out1205;
-                    _2816_recIdents = _out1206;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2813_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2814_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2815_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2816_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2817___mcc_h1019 = _source88.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2818_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2819_recOwned;
-                    bool _2820_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2821_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1207;
-                    bool _out1208;
-                    bool _out1209;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1210;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1207, out _out1208, out _out1209, out _out1210);
-                    _2818_recursiveGen = _out1207;
-                    _2819_recOwned = _out1208;
-                    _2820_recErased = _out1209;
-                    _2821_recIdents = _out1210;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2818_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2819_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2820_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2821_recIdents;
-                  }
-                }
-              } else {
-                DAST._IType _source90 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-                if (_source90.is_Path) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2822___mcc_h1021 = _source90.dtor_Path_a0;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2823___mcc_h1022 = _source90.dtor_typeArgs;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _2824___mcc_h1023 = _source90.dtor_resolved;
-                  DAST._IResolvedType _source91 = _2824___mcc_h1023;
-                  if (_source91.is_Datatype) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2825___mcc_h1027 = _source91.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2826_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2827_recOwned;
-                      bool _2828_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2829_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1211;
-                      bool _out1212;
-                      bool _out1213;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1214;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1211, out _out1212, out _out1213, out _out1214);
-                      _2826_recursiveGen = _out1211;
-                      _2827_recOwned = _out1212;
-                      _2828_recErased = _out1213;
-                      _2829_recIdents = _out1214;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2826_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2827_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2828_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2829_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source91.is_Trait) {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2830___mcc_h1029 = _source91.dtor_path;
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2831_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2832_recOwned;
-                      bool _2833_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2834_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1215;
-                      bool _out1216;
-                      bool _out1217;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1218;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1215, out _out1216, out _out1217, out _out1218);
-                      _2831_recursiveGen = _out1215;
-                      _2832_recOwned = _out1216;
-                      _2833_recErased = _out1217;
-                      _2834_recIdents = _out1218;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2831_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2832_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2833_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2834_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    DAST._IType _2835___mcc_h1031 = _source91.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                    DAST._IType _2836_b = _2835___mcc_h1031;
-                    {
-                      if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2836_b)) {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2837_recursiveGen;
-                        bool _2838_recOwned;
-                        bool _2839_recErased;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2840_recIdents;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1219;
-                        bool _out1220;
-                        bool _out1221;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1222;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1219, out _out1220, out _out1221, out _out1222);
-                        _2837_recursiveGen = _out1219;
-                        _2838_recOwned = _out1220;
-                        _2839_recErased = _out1221;
-                        _2840_recIdents = _out1222;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2841_rhsType;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1223;
-                        _out1223 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                        _2841_rhsType = _out1223;
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2842_uneraseFn;
-                        _2842_uneraseFn = ((_2838_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2841_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2842_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2837_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                        isOwned = _2838_recOwned;
-                        isErased = false;
-                        readIdents = _2840_recIdents;
-                      } else {
-                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1224;
-                        bool _out1225;
-                        bool _out1226;
-                        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1227;
-                        DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2836_b), _2836_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1224, out _out1225, out _out1226, out _out1227);
-                        s = _out1224;
-                        isOwned = _out1225;
-                        isErased = _out1226;
-                        readIdents = _out1227;
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source90.is_Nullable) {
-                  DAST._IType _2843___mcc_h1033 = _source90.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2844_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2845_recOwned;
-                    bool _2846_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2847_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1228;
-                    bool _out1229;
-                    bool _out1230;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1231;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1228, out _out1229, out _out1230, out _out1231);
-                    _2844_recursiveGen = _out1228;
-                    _2845_recOwned = _out1229;
-                    _2846_recErased = _out1230;
-                    _2847_recIdents = _out1231;
-                    if (!(_2845_recOwned)) {
-                      _2844_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2844_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                    }
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2844_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    isOwned = true;
-                    isErased = _2846_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2847_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source90.is_Tuple) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2848___mcc_h1035 = _source90.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2849_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2850_recOwned;
-                    bool _2851_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2852_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1232;
-                    bool _out1233;
-                    bool _out1234;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1235;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1232, out _out1233, out _out1234, out _out1235);
-                    _2849_recursiveGen = _out1232;
-                    _2850_recOwned = _out1233;
-                    _2851_recErased = _out1234;
-                    _2852_recIdents = _out1235;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2849_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2850_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2851_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2852_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source90.is_Array) {
-                  DAST._IType _2853___mcc_h1037 = _source90.dtor_element;
-                  BigInteger _2854___mcc_h1038 = _source90.dtor_dims;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2855_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2856_recOwned;
-                    bool _2857_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2858_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1236;
-                    bool _out1237;
-                    bool _out1238;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1239;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1236, out _out1237, out _out1238, out _out1239);
-                    _2855_recursiveGen = _out1236;
-                    _2856_recOwned = _out1237;
-                    _2857_recErased = _out1238;
-                    _2858_recIdents = _out1239;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2855_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2856_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2857_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2858_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source90.is_Seq) {
-                  DAST._IType _2859___mcc_h1041 = _source90.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2860_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2861_recOwned;
-                    bool _2862_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2863_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1240;
-                    bool _out1241;
-                    bool _out1242;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1243;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1240, out _out1241, out _out1242, out _out1243);
-                    _2860_recursiveGen = _out1240;
-                    _2861_recOwned = _out1241;
-                    _2862_recErased = _out1242;
-                    _2863_recIdents = _out1243;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2860_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2861_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2862_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2863_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source90.is_Set) {
-                  DAST._IType _2864___mcc_h1043 = _source90.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2865_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2866_recOwned;
-                    bool _2867_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2868_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1244;
-                    bool _out1245;
-                    bool _out1246;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1247;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1244, out _out1245, out _out1246, out _out1247);
-                    _2865_recursiveGen = _out1244;
-                    _2866_recOwned = _out1245;
-                    _2867_recErased = _out1246;
-                    _2868_recIdents = _out1247;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2865_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2866_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2867_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2868_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source90.is_Multiset) {
-                  DAST._IType _2869___mcc_h1045 = _source90.dtor_element;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2870_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2871_recOwned;
-                    bool _2872_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2873_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1248;
-                    bool _out1249;
-                    bool _out1250;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1251;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1248, out _out1249, out _out1250, out _out1251);
-                    _2870_recursiveGen = _out1248;
-                    _2871_recOwned = _out1249;
-                    _2872_recErased = _out1250;
-                    _2873_recIdents = _out1251;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2870_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2871_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2872_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2873_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source90.is_Map) {
-                  DAST._IType _2874___mcc_h1047 = _source90.dtor_key;
-                  DAST._IType _2875___mcc_h1048 = _source90.dtor_value;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2876_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2877_recOwned;
-                    bool _2878_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2879_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1252;
-                    bool _out1253;
-                    bool _out1254;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1255;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1252, out _out1253, out _out1254, out _out1255);
-                    _2876_recursiveGen = _out1252;
-                    _2877_recOwned = _out1253;
-                    _2878_recErased = _out1254;
-                    _2879_recIdents = _out1255;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2876_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2877_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2878_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2879_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source90.is_Arrow) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2880___mcc_h1051 = _source90.dtor_args;
-                  DAST._IType _2881___mcc_h1052 = _source90.dtor_result;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2882_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2883_recOwned;
-                    bool _2884_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2885_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1256;
-                    bool _out1257;
-                    bool _out1258;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1259;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1256, out _out1257, out _out1258, out _out1259);
-                    _2882_recursiveGen = _out1256;
-                    _2883_recOwned = _out1257;
-                    _2884_recErased = _out1258;
-                    _2885_recIdents = _out1259;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2882_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2883_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2884_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2885_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source90.is_Primitive) {
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _2886___mcc_h1055 = _source90.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                  DAST._IPrimitive _source92 = _2886___mcc_h1055;
-                  if (_source92.is_Int) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2887_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1260;
-                      _out1260 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1556_fromTpe, true, false);
-                      _2887_rhsType = _out1260;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2888_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2889___v58;
-                      bool _2890___v59;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2891_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1261;
-                      bool _out1262;
-                      bool _out1263;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1264;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1261, out _out1262, out _out1263, out _out1264);
-                      _2888_recursiveGen = _out1261;
-                      _2889___v58 = _out1262;
-                      _2890___v59 = _out1263;
-                      _2891_recIdents = _out1264;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from("), _2888_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as u32)"));
-                      isOwned = true;
-                      isErased = true;
-                      readIdents = _2891_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source92.is_Real) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2892_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2893_recOwned;
-                      bool _2894_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2895_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1265;
-                      bool _out1266;
-                      bool _out1267;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1268;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1265, out _out1266, out _out1267, out _out1268);
-                      _2892_recursiveGen = _out1265;
-                      _2893_recOwned = _out1266;
-                      _2894_recErased = _out1267;
-                      _2895_recIdents = _out1268;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2892_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2893_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2894_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2895_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source92.is_String) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2896_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2897_recOwned;
-                      bool _2898_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2899_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1269;
-                      bool _out1270;
-                      bool _out1271;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1272;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1269, out _out1270, out _out1271, out _out1272);
-                      _2896_recursiveGen = _out1269;
-                      _2897_recOwned = _out1270;
-                      _2898_recErased = _out1271;
-                      _2899_recIdents = _out1272;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2896_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2897_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2898_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2899_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else if (_source92.is_Bool) {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2900_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2901_recOwned;
-                      bool _2902_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2903_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1273;
-                      bool _out1274;
-                      bool _out1275;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1276;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1273, out _out1274, out _out1275, out _out1276);
-                      _2900_recursiveGen = _out1273;
-                      _2901_recOwned = _out1274;
-                      _2902_recErased = _out1275;
-                      _2903_recIdents = _out1276;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2900_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2901_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2902_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2903_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2904_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2905_recOwned;
-                      bool _2906_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2907_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1277;
-                      bool _out1278;
-                      bool _out1279;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1280;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1277, out _out1278, out _out1279, out _out1280);
-                      _2904_recursiveGen = _out1277;
-                      _2905_recOwned = _out1278;
-                      _2906_recErased = _out1279;
-                      _2907_recIdents = _out1280;
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2904_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                      isOwned = _2905_recOwned;
-                      isErased = _2906_recErased;
-                      readIdents = _2907_recIdents;
-                    }
-                  }
-                } else if (_source90.is_Passthrough) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2908___mcc_h1057 = _source90.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2909_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2910_recOwned;
-                    bool _2911_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2912_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1281;
-                    bool _out1282;
-                    bool _out1283;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1284;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1281, out _out1282, out _out1283, out _out1284);
-                    _2909_recursiveGen = _out1281;
-                    _2910_recOwned = _out1282;
-                    _2911_recErased = _out1283;
-                    _2912_recIdents = _out1284;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2909_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2910_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2911_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2912_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2913___mcc_h1059 = _source90.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2914_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2915_recOwned;
-                    bool _2916_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2917_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1285;
-                    bool _out1286;
-                    bool _out1287;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1288;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1285, out _out1286, out _out1287, out _out1288);
-                    _2914_recursiveGen = _out1285;
-                    _2915_recOwned = _out1286;
-                    _2916_recErased = _out1287;
-                    _2917_recIdents = _out1288;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2914_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2915_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2916_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2917_recIdents;
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-            } else if (_source55.is_Passthrough) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2918___mcc_h1061 = _source55.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-              DAST._IType _source93 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-              if (_source93.is_Path) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2919___mcc_h1065 = _source93.dtor_Path_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2920___mcc_h1066 = _source93.dtor_typeArgs;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _2921___mcc_h1067 = _source93.dtor_resolved;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _source94 = _2921___mcc_h1067;
-                if (_source94.is_Datatype) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2922___mcc_h1071 = _source94.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2923_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2924_recOwned;
-                    bool _2925_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2926_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1289;
-                    bool _out1290;
-                    bool _out1291;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1292;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1289, out _out1290, out _out1291, out _out1292);
-                    _2923_recursiveGen = _out1289;
-                    _2924_recOwned = _out1290;
-                    _2925_recErased = _out1291;
-                    _2926_recIdents = _out1292;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2923_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2924_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2925_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2926_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source94.is_Trait) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2927___mcc_h1073 = _source94.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2928_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2929_recOwned;
-                    bool _2930_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2931_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1293;
-                    bool _out1294;
-                    bool _out1295;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1296;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1293, out _out1294, out _out1295, out _out1296);
-                    _2928_recursiveGen = _out1293;
-                    _2929_recOwned = _out1294;
-                    _2930_recErased = _out1295;
-                    _2931_recIdents = _out1296;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2928_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2929_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2930_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2931_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  DAST._IType _2932___mcc_h1075 = _source94.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _2933_b = _2932___mcc_h1075;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _2933_b)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2934_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _2935_recOwned;
-                      bool _2936_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2937_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1297;
-                      bool _out1298;
-                      bool _out1299;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1300;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1297, out _out1298, out _out1299, out _out1300);
-                      _2934_recursiveGen = _out1297;
-                      _2935_recOwned = _out1298;
-                      _2936_recErased = _out1299;
-                      _2937_recIdents = _out1300;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2938_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1301;
-                      _out1301 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                      _2938_rhsType = _out1301;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2939_uneraseFn;
-                      _2939_uneraseFn = ((_2935_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _2938_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _2939_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _2934_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _2935_recOwned;
-                      isErased = false;
-                      readIdents = _2937_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1302;
-                      bool _out1303;
-                      bool _out1304;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1305;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _2933_b), _2933_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1302, out _out1303, out _out1304, out _out1305);
-                      s = _out1302;
-                      isOwned = _out1303;
-                      isErased = _out1304;
-                      readIdents = _out1305;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source93.is_Nullable) {
-                DAST._IType _2940___mcc_h1077 = _source93.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2941_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2942_recOwned;
-                  bool _2943_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2944_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1306;
-                  bool _out1307;
-                  bool _out1308;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1309;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1306, out _out1307, out _out1308, out _out1309);
-                  _2941_recursiveGen = _out1306;
-                  _2942_recOwned = _out1307;
-                  _2943_recErased = _out1308;
-                  _2944_recIdents = _out1309;
-                  if (!(_2942_recOwned)) {
-                    _2941_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_2941_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _2941_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                  isOwned = true;
-                  isErased = _2943_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2944_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source93.is_Tuple) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2945___mcc_h1079 = _source93.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2946_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2947_recOwned;
-                  bool _2948_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2949_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1310;
-                  bool _out1311;
-                  bool _out1312;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1313;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1310, out _out1311, out _out1312, out _out1313);
-                  _2946_recursiveGen = _out1310;
-                  _2947_recOwned = _out1311;
-                  _2948_recErased = _out1312;
-                  _2949_recIdents = _out1313;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2946_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2947_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2948_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2949_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source93.is_Array) {
-                DAST._IType _2950___mcc_h1081 = _source93.dtor_element;
-                BigInteger _2951___mcc_h1082 = _source93.dtor_dims;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2952_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2953_recOwned;
-                  bool _2954_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2955_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1314;
-                  bool _out1315;
-                  bool _out1316;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1317;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1314, out _out1315, out _out1316, out _out1317);
-                  _2952_recursiveGen = _out1314;
-                  _2953_recOwned = _out1315;
-                  _2954_recErased = _out1316;
-                  _2955_recIdents = _out1317;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2952_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2953_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2954_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2955_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source93.is_Seq) {
-                DAST._IType _2956___mcc_h1085 = _source93.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2957_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2958_recOwned;
-                  bool _2959_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2960_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1318;
-                  bool _out1319;
-                  bool _out1320;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1321;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1318, out _out1319, out _out1320, out _out1321);
-                  _2957_recursiveGen = _out1318;
-                  _2958_recOwned = _out1319;
-                  _2959_recErased = _out1320;
-                  _2960_recIdents = _out1321;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2957_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2958_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2959_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2960_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source93.is_Set) {
-                DAST._IType _2961___mcc_h1087 = _source93.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2962_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2963_recOwned;
-                  bool _2964_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2965_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1322;
-                  bool _out1323;
-                  bool _out1324;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1325;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1322, out _out1323, out _out1324, out _out1325);
-                  _2962_recursiveGen = _out1322;
-                  _2963_recOwned = _out1323;
-                  _2964_recErased = _out1324;
-                  _2965_recIdents = _out1325;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2962_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2963_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2964_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2965_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source93.is_Multiset) {
-                DAST._IType _2966___mcc_h1089 = _source93.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2967_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2968_recOwned;
-                  bool _2969_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2970_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1326;
-                  bool _out1327;
-                  bool _out1328;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1329;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1326, out _out1327, out _out1328, out _out1329);
-                  _2967_recursiveGen = _out1326;
-                  _2968_recOwned = _out1327;
-                  _2969_recErased = _out1328;
-                  _2970_recIdents = _out1329;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2967_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2968_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2969_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2970_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source93.is_Map) {
-                DAST._IType _2971___mcc_h1091 = _source93.dtor_key;
-                DAST._IType _2972___mcc_h1092 = _source93.dtor_value;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2973_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2974_recOwned;
-                  bool _2975_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2976_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1330;
-                  bool _out1331;
-                  bool _out1332;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1333;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1330, out _out1331, out _out1332, out _out1333);
-                  _2973_recursiveGen = _out1330;
-                  _2974_recOwned = _out1331;
-                  _2975_recErased = _out1332;
-                  _2976_recIdents = _out1333;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2973_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2974_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2975_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2976_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source93.is_Arrow) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _2977___mcc_h1095 = _source93.dtor_args;
-                DAST._IType _2978___mcc_h1096 = _source93.dtor_result;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2979_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _2980_recOwned;
-                  bool _2981_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2982_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1334;
-                  bool _out1335;
-                  bool _out1336;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1337;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1334, out _out1335, out _out1336, out _out1337);
-                  _2979_recursiveGen = _out1334;
-                  _2980_recOwned = _out1335;
-                  _2981_recErased = _out1336;
-                  _2982_recIdents = _out1337;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2979_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _2980_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _2981_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _2982_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source93.is_Primitive) {
-                DAST._IPrimitive _2983___mcc_h1099 = _source93.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                DAST._IPrimitive _source95 = _2983___mcc_h1099;
-                if (_source95.is_Int) {
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2984_rhsType;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1338;
-                    _out1338 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1556_fromTpe, true, false);
-                    _2984_rhsType = _out1338;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2985_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2986___v54;
-                    bool _2987___v55;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2988_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1339;
-                    bool _out1340;
-                    bool _out1341;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1342;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1339, out _out1340, out _out1341, out _out1342);
-                    _2985_recursiveGen = _out1339;
-                    _2986___v54 = _out1340;
-                    _2987___v55 = _out1341;
-                    _2988_recIdents = _out1342;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from("), _2985_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    isOwned = true;
-                    isErased = true;
-                    readIdents = _2988_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source95.is_Real) {
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2989_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2990_recOwned;
-                    bool _2991_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2992_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1343;
-                    bool _out1344;
-                    bool _out1345;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1346;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1343, out _out1344, out _out1345, out _out1346);
-                    _2989_recursiveGen = _out1343;
-                    _2990_recOwned = _out1344;
-                    _2991_recErased = _out1345;
-                    _2992_recIdents = _out1346;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2989_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2990_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2991_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2992_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source95.is_String) {
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2993_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2994_recOwned;
-                    bool _2995_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2996_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1347;
-                    bool _out1348;
-                    bool _out1349;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1350;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1347, out _out1348, out _out1349, out _out1350);
-                    _2993_recursiveGen = _out1347;
-                    _2994_recOwned = _out1348;
-                    _2995_recErased = _out1349;
-                    _2996_recIdents = _out1350;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2993_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2994_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2995_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _2996_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source95.is_Bool) {
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2997_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _2998_recOwned;
-                    bool _2999_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3000_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1351;
-                    bool _out1352;
-                    bool _out1353;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1354;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1351, out _out1352, out _out1353, out _out1354);
-                    _2997_recursiveGen = _out1351;
-                    _2998_recOwned = _out1352;
-                    _2999_recErased = _out1353;
-                    _3000_recIdents = _out1354;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _2997_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _2998_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _2999_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _3000_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3001_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _3002_recOwned;
-                    bool _3003_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3004_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1355;
-                    bool _out1356;
-                    bool _out1357;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1358;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1355, out _out1356, out _out1357, out _out1358);
-                    _3001_recursiveGen = _out1355;
-                    _3002_recOwned = _out1356;
-                    _3003_recErased = _out1357;
-                    _3004_recIdents = _out1358;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3001_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _3002_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _3003_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _3004_recIdents;
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source93.is_Passthrough) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3005___mcc_h1101 = _source93.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3006_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3007___v62;
-                  bool _3008___v63;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3009_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1359;
-                  bool _out1360;
-                  bool _out1361;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1362;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1359, out _out1360, out _out1361, out _out1362);
-                  _3006_recursiveGen = _out1359;
-                  _3007___v62 = _out1360;
-                  _3008___v63 = _out1361;
-                  _3009_recIdents = _out1362;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3010_toTpeGen;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1363;
-                  _out1363 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                  _3010_toTpeGen = _out1363;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _3006_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), _3010_toTpeGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                  isOwned = true;
-                  isErased = true;
-                  readIdents = _3009_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3011___mcc_h1103 = _source93.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3012_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3013_recOwned;
-                  bool _3014_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3015_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1364;
-                  bool _out1365;
-                  bool _out1366;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1367;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1364, out _out1365, out _out1366, out _out1367);
-                  _3012_recursiveGen = _out1364;
-                  _3013_recOwned = _out1365;
-                  _3014_recErased = _out1366;
-                  _3015_recIdents = _out1367;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3012_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3013_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3014_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3015_recIdents;
-                }
-              }
-            } else {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3016___mcc_h1105 = _source55.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-              DAST._IType _source96 = _1563___mcc_h306;
-              if (_source96.is_Path) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3017___mcc_h1109 = _source96.dtor_Path_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3018___mcc_h1110 = _source96.dtor_typeArgs;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _3019___mcc_h1111 = _source96.dtor_resolved;
-                DAST._IResolvedType _source97 = _3019___mcc_h1111;
-                if (_source97.is_Datatype) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3020___mcc_h1115 = _source97.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3021_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _3022_recOwned;
-                    bool _3023_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3024_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1368;
-                    bool _out1369;
-                    bool _out1370;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1371;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1368, out _out1369, out _out1370, out _out1371);
-                    _3021_recursiveGen = _out1368;
-                    _3022_recOwned = _out1369;
-                    _3023_recErased = _out1370;
-                    _3024_recIdents = _out1371;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3021_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _3022_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _3023_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _3024_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else if (_source97.is_Trait) {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3025___mcc_h1117 = _source97.dtor_path;
-                  {
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3026_recursiveGen;
-                    bool _3027_recOwned;
-                    bool _3028_recErased;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3029_recIdents;
-                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1372;
-                    bool _out1373;
-                    bool _out1374;
-                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1375;
-                    DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1372, out _out1373, out _out1374, out _out1375);
-                    _3026_recursiveGen = _out1372;
-                    _3027_recOwned = _out1373;
-                    _3028_recErased = _out1374;
-                    _3029_recIdents = _out1375;
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3026_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                    isOwned = _3027_recOwned;
-                    isErased = _3028_recErased;
-                    readIdents = _3029_recIdents;
-                  }
-                } else {
-                  DAST._IType _3030___mcc_h1119 = _source97.dtor_Newtype_a0;
-                  DAST._IType _3031_b = _3030___mcc_h1119;
-                  {
-                    if (object.Equals(_1556_fromTpe, _3031_b)) {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3032_recursiveGen;
-                      bool _3033_recOwned;
-                      bool _3034_recErased;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3035_recIdents;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1376;
-                      bool _out1377;
-                      bool _out1378;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1379;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1376, out _out1377, out _out1378, out _out1379);
-                      _3032_recursiveGen = _out1376;
-                      _3033_recOwned = _out1377;
-                      _3034_recErased = _out1378;
-                      _3035_recIdents = _out1379;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3036_rhsType;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1380;
-                      _out1380 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_1555_toTpe, true, false);
-                      _3036_rhsType = _out1380;
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3037_uneraseFn;
-                      _3037_uneraseFn = ((_3033_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unerase")));
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _3036_rhsType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable<_>>::")), _3037_uneraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _3032_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                      isOwned = _3033_recOwned;
-                      isErased = false;
-                      readIdents = _3035_recIdents;
-                    } else {
-                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1381;
-                      bool _out1382;
-                      bool _out1383;
-                      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1384;
-                      DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_1557_expr, _1556_fromTpe, _3031_b), _3031_b, _1555_toTpe), selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1381, out _out1382, out _out1383, out _out1384);
-                      s = _out1381;
-                      isOwned = _out1382;
-                      isErased = _out1383;
-                      readIdents = _out1384;
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source96.is_Nullable) {
-                DAST._IType _3038___mcc_h1121 = _source96.dtor_Nullable_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3039_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3040_recOwned;
-                  bool _3041_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3042_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1385;
-                  bool _out1386;
-                  bool _out1387;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1388;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1385, out _out1386, out _out1387, out _out1388);
-                  _3039_recursiveGen = _out1385;
-                  _3040_recOwned = _out1386;
-                  _3041_recErased = _out1387;
-                  _3042_recIdents = _out1388;
-                  if (!(_3040_recOwned)) {
-                    _3039_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3039_recursiveGen, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                  }
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Some("), _3039_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                  isOwned = true;
-                  isErased = _3041_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3042_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source96.is_Tuple) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3043___mcc_h1123 = _source96.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3044_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3045_recOwned;
-                  bool _3046_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3047_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1389;
-                  bool _out1390;
-                  bool _out1391;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1392;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1389, out _out1390, out _out1391, out _out1392);
-                  _3044_recursiveGen = _out1389;
-                  _3045_recOwned = _out1390;
-                  _3046_recErased = _out1391;
-                  _3047_recIdents = _out1392;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3044_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3045_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3046_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3047_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source96.is_Array) {
-                DAST._IType _3048___mcc_h1125 = _source96.dtor_element;
-                BigInteger _3049___mcc_h1126 = _source96.dtor_dims;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3050_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3051_recOwned;
-                  bool _3052_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3053_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1393;
-                  bool _out1394;
-                  bool _out1395;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1396;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1393, out _out1394, out _out1395, out _out1396);
-                  _3050_recursiveGen = _out1393;
-                  _3051_recOwned = _out1394;
-                  _3052_recErased = _out1395;
-                  _3053_recIdents = _out1396;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3050_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3051_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3052_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3053_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source96.is_Seq) {
-                DAST._IType _3054___mcc_h1129 = _source96.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3055_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3056_recOwned;
-                  bool _3057_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3058_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1397;
-                  bool _out1398;
-                  bool _out1399;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1400;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1397, out _out1398, out _out1399, out _out1400);
-                  _3055_recursiveGen = _out1397;
-                  _3056_recOwned = _out1398;
-                  _3057_recErased = _out1399;
-                  _3058_recIdents = _out1400;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3055_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3056_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3057_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3058_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source96.is_Set) {
-                DAST._IType _3059___mcc_h1131 = _source96.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3060_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3061_recOwned;
-                  bool _3062_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3063_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1401;
-                  bool _out1402;
-                  bool _out1403;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1404;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1401, out _out1402, out _out1403, out _out1404);
-                  _3060_recursiveGen = _out1401;
-                  _3061_recOwned = _out1402;
-                  _3062_recErased = _out1403;
-                  _3063_recIdents = _out1404;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3060_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3061_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3062_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3063_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source96.is_Multiset) {
-                DAST._IType _3064___mcc_h1133 = _source96.dtor_element;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3065_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3066_recOwned;
-                  bool _3067_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3068_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1405;
-                  bool _out1406;
-                  bool _out1407;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1408;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1405, out _out1406, out _out1407, out _out1408);
-                  _3065_recursiveGen = _out1405;
-                  _3066_recOwned = _out1406;
-                  _3067_recErased = _out1407;
-                  _3068_recIdents = _out1408;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3065_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3066_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3067_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3068_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source96.is_Map) {
-                DAST._IType _3069___mcc_h1135 = _source96.dtor_key;
-                DAST._IType _3070___mcc_h1136 = _source96.dtor_value;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3071_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3072_recOwned;
-                  bool _3073_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3074_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1409;
-                  bool _out1410;
-                  bool _out1411;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1412;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1409, out _out1410, out _out1411, out _out1412);
-                  _3071_recursiveGen = _out1409;
-                  _3072_recOwned = _out1410;
-                  _3073_recErased = _out1411;
-                  _3074_recIdents = _out1412;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3071_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3072_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3073_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3074_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source96.is_Arrow) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3075___mcc_h1139 = _source96.dtor_args;
-                DAST._IType _3076___mcc_h1140 = _source96.dtor_result;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3077_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3078_recOwned;
-                  bool _3079_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3080_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1413;
-                  bool _out1414;
-                  bool _out1415;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1416;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1413, out _out1414, out _out1415, out _out1416);
-                  _3077_recursiveGen = _out1413;
-                  _3078_recOwned = _out1414;
-                  _3079_recErased = _out1415;
-                  _3080_recIdents = _out1416;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3077_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3078_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3079_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3080_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source96.is_Primitive) {
-                DAST._IPrimitive _3081___mcc_h1143 = _source96.dtor_Primitive_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3082_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3083_recOwned;
-                  bool _3084_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3085_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1417;
-                  bool _out1418;
-                  bool _out1419;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1420;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1417, out _out1418, out _out1419, out _out1420);
-                  _3082_recursiveGen = _out1417;
-                  _3083_recOwned = _out1418;
-                  _3084_recErased = _out1419;
-                  _3085_recIdents = _out1420;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3082_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3083_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3084_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3085_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else if (_source96.is_Passthrough) {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3086___mcc_h1145 = _source96.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3087_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3088_recOwned;
-                  bool _3089_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3090_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1421;
-                  bool _out1422;
-                  bool _out1423;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1424;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1421, out _out1422, out _out1423, out _out1424);
-                  _3087_recursiveGen = _out1421;
-                  _3088_recOwned = _out1422;
-                  _3089_recErased = _out1423;
-                  _3090_recIdents = _out1424;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3087_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3088_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3089_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3090_recIdents;
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3091___mcc_h1147 = _source96.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
-                {
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3092_recursiveGen;
-                  bool _3093_recOwned;
-                  bool _3094_recErased;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3095_recIdents;
-                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1425;
-                  bool _out1426;
-                  bool _out1427;
-                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1428;
-                  DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_1557_expr, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1425, out _out1426, out _out1427, out _out1428);
-                  _3092_recursiveGen = _out1425;
-                  _3093_recOwned = _out1426;
-                  _3094_recErased = _out1427;
-                  _3095_recIdents = _out1428;
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3092_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* conversion not yet implemented */)"));
-                  isOwned = _3093_recOwned;
-                  isErased = _3094_recErased;
-                  readIdents = _3095_recIdents;
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_SeqConstruct) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3096___mcc_h26 = _source48.dtor_length;
-        DAST._IExpression _3097___mcc_h27 = _source48.dtor_elem;
-        DAST._IExpression _3098_expr = _3097___mcc_h27;
-        DAST._IExpression _3099_length = _3096___mcc_h26;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3100_recursiveGen;
-          bool _3101___v65;
-          bool _3102_eErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3103_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1429;
-          bool _out1430;
-          bool _out1431;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1432;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3098_expr, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1429, out _out1430, out _out1431, out _out1432);
-          _3100_recursiveGen = _out1429;
-          _3101___v65 = _out1430;
-          _3102_eErased = _out1431;
-          _3103_recIdents = _out1432;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3104_lengthGen;
-          bool _3105___v66;
-          bool _3106_lengthErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3107_lengthIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1433;
-          bool _out1434;
-          bool _out1435;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1436;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3099_length, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1433, out _out1434, out _out1435, out _out1436);
-          _3104_lengthGen = _out1433;
-          _3105___v66 = _out1434;
-          _3106_lengthErased = _out1435;
-          _3107_lengthIdents = _out1436;
-          if (!(_3106_lengthErased)) {
-            _3104_lengthGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3104_lengthGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{\nlet _initializer = "), _3100_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";\n::dafny_runtime::integer_range(::dafny_runtime::Zero::zero(), ")), _3104_lengthGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").map(|i| _initializer.0(&i)).collect::<Vec<_>>()\n}"));
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_3103_recIdents, _3107_lengthIdents);
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = _3102_eErased;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_SeqValue) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3108___mcc_h28 = _source48.dtor_elements;
-        DAST._IType _3109___mcc_h29 = _source48.dtor_typ;
-        DAST._IType _3110_typ = _3109___mcc_h29;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3111_exprs = _3108___mcc_h28;
-        {
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3112_genTpe;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1437;
-          _out1437 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_3110_typ, false, false);
-          _3112_genTpe = _out1437;
-          BigInteger _3113_i;
-          _3113_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(vec![");
-          _3113_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3113_i) < (new BigInteger((_3111_exprs).Count))) {
-            if ((_3113_i).Sign == 1) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3114_recursiveGen;
-            bool _3115___v67;
-            bool _3116_isErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3117_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1438;
-            bool _out1439;
-            bool _out1440;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1441;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_3111_exprs).Select(_3113_i), selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1438, out _out1439, out _out1440, out _out1441);
-            _3114_recursiveGen = _out1438;
-            _3115___v67 = _out1439;
-            _3116_isErased = _out1440;
-            _3117_recIdents = _out1441;
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3117_recIdents);
-            if (_3116_isErased) {
-              _3114_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned("), _3114_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _3114_recursiveGen);
-            _3113_i = (_3113_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("] as Vec<")), _3112_genTpe), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">)"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = false;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_SetValue) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3118___mcc_h30 = _source48.dtor_elements;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3119_exprs = _3118___mcc_h30;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>> _3120_generatedValues;
-          _3120_generatedValues = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>.FromElements();
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          BigInteger _3121_i;
-          _3121_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          bool _3122_allErased;
-          _3122_allErased = true;
-          while ((_3121_i) < (new BigInteger((_3119_exprs).Count))) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3123_recursiveGen;
-            bool _3124___v68;
-            bool _3125_isErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3126_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1442;
-            bool _out1443;
-            bool _out1444;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1445;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_3119_exprs).Select(_3121_i), selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1442, out _out1443, out _out1444, out _out1445);
-            _3123_recursiveGen = _out1442;
-            _3124___v68 = _out1443;
-            _3125_isErased = _out1444;
-            _3126_recIdents = _out1445;
-            _3122_allErased = (_3122_allErased) && (_3125_isErased);
-            _3120_generatedValues = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>.Concat(_3120_generatedValues, Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>.FromElements(_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>.create(_3123_recursiveGen, _3125_isErased)));
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3126_recIdents);
-            _3121_i = (_3121_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("vec![");
-          _3121_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3121_i) < (new BigInteger((_3120_generatedValues).Count))) {
-            if ((_3121_i).Sign == 1) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3127_gen;
-            _3127_gen = ((_3120_generatedValues).Select(_3121_i)).dtor__0;
-            if ((((_3120_generatedValues).Select(_3121_i)).dtor__1) && (!(_3122_allErased))) {
-              _3127_gen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned("), _3127_gen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _3127_gen);
-            _3121_i = (_3121_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("].into_iter().collect::<std::collections::HashSet<_>>()"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = _3122_allErased;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_MapValue) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> _3128___mcc_h31 = _source48.dtor_mapElems;
-        Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> _3129_mapElems = _3128___mcc_h31;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple4<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool, bool>> _3130_generatedValues;
-          _3130_generatedValues = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple4<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool, bool>>.FromElements();
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          BigInteger _3131_i;
-          _3131_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          bool _3132_allErased;
-          _3132_allErased = true;
-          while ((_3131_i) < (new BigInteger((_3129_mapElems).Count))) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3133_recursiveGenKey;
-            bool _3134___v69;
-            bool _3135_isErasedKey;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3136_recIdentsKey;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1446;
-            bool _out1447;
-            bool _out1448;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1449;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(((_3129_mapElems).Select(_3131_i)).dtor__0, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1446, out _out1447, out _out1448, out _out1449);
-            _3133_recursiveGenKey = _out1446;
-            _3134___v69 = _out1447;
-            _3135_isErasedKey = _out1448;
-            _3136_recIdentsKey = _out1449;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3137_recursiveGenValue;
-            bool _3138___v70;
-            bool _3139_isErasedValue;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3140_recIdentsValue;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1450;
-            bool _out1451;
-            bool _out1452;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1453;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(((_3129_mapElems).Select(_3131_i)).dtor__1, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1450, out _out1451, out _out1452, out _out1453);
-            _3137_recursiveGenValue = _out1450;
-            _3138___v70 = _out1451;
-            _3139_isErasedValue = _out1452;
-            _3140_recIdentsValue = _out1453;
-            _3132_allErased = ((_3132_allErased) && (_3135_isErasedKey)) && (_3139_isErasedValue);
-            _3130_generatedValues = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple4<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool, bool>>.Concat(_3130_generatedValues, Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple4<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool, bool>>.FromElements(_System.Tuple4<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool, bool>.create(_3133_recursiveGenKey, _3137_recursiveGenValue, _3135_isErasedKey, _3139_isErasedValue)));
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3136_recIdentsKey), _3140_recIdentsValue);
-            _3131_i = (_3131_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("vec![");
-          _3131_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3131_i) < (new BigInteger((_3130_generatedValues).Count))) {
-            if ((_3131_i).Sign == 1) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3141_genKey;
-            _3141_genKey = ((_3130_generatedValues).Select(_3131_i)).dtor__0;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3142_genValue;
-            _3142_genValue = ((_3130_generatedValues).Select(_3131_i)).dtor__1;
-            if ((((_3130_generatedValues).Select(_3131_i)).dtor__2) && (!(_3132_allErased))) {
-              _3141_genKey = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned("), _3141_genKey), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            if ((((_3130_generatedValues).Select(_3131_i)).dtor__3) && (!(_3132_allErased))) {
-              _3142_genValue = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned("), _3142_genValue), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _3141_genKey), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3142_genValue), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            _3131_i = (_3131_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("].into_iter().collect::<std::collections::HashMap<_, _>>()"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = _3132_allErased;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_This) {
-        {
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _source98 = selfIdent;
-          if (_source98.is_None) {
-            {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("panic!(\"this outside of a method\")");
-              isOwned = true;
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-              isErased = true;
-            }
-          } else {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3143___mcc_h1149 = _source98.dtor_value;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3144_id = _3143___mcc_h1149;
-            {
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3144_id, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                if ((_3144_id).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"))) {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self");
-                } else {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), _3144_id);
-                }
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_3144_id);
-              isErased = false;
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_Ite) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3145___mcc_h32 = _source48.dtor_cond;
-        DAST._IExpression _3146___mcc_h33 = _source48.dtor_thn;
-        DAST._IExpression _3147___mcc_h34 = _source48.dtor_els;
-        DAST._IExpression _3148_f = _3147___mcc_h34;
-        DAST._IExpression _3149_t = _3146___mcc_h33;
-        DAST._IExpression _3150_cond = _3145___mcc_h32;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3151_condString;
-          bool _3152___v71;
-          bool _3153_condErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3154_recIdentsCond;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1454;
-          bool _out1455;
-          bool _out1456;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1457;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3150_cond, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1454, out _out1455, out _out1456, out _out1457);
-          _3151_condString = _out1454;
-          _3152___v71 = _out1455;
-          _3153_condErased = _out1456;
-          _3154_recIdentsCond = _out1457;
-          if (!(_3153_condErased)) {
-            _3151_condString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3151_condString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3155___v72;
-          bool _3156_tHasToBeOwned;
-          bool _3157___v73;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3158___v74;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1458;
-          bool _out1459;
-          bool _out1460;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1461;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3149_t, selfIdent, @params, mustOwn, out _out1458, out _out1459, out _out1460, out _out1461);
-          _3155___v72 = _out1458;
-          _3156_tHasToBeOwned = _out1459;
-          _3157___v73 = _out1460;
-          _3158___v74 = _out1461;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3159_fString;
-          bool _3160_fOwned;
-          bool _3161_fErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3162_recIdentsF;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1462;
-          bool _out1463;
-          bool _out1464;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1465;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3148_f, selfIdent, @params, _3156_tHasToBeOwned, out _out1462, out _out1463, out _out1464, out _out1465);
-          _3159_fString = _out1462;
-          _3160_fOwned = _out1463;
-          _3161_fErased = _out1464;
-          _3162_recIdentsF = _out1465;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3163_tString;
-          bool _3164___v75;
-          bool _3165_tErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3166_recIdentsT;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1466;
-          bool _out1467;
-          bool _out1468;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1469;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3149_t, selfIdent, @params, _3160_fOwned, out _out1466, out _out1467, out _out1468, out _out1469);
-          _3163_tString = _out1466;
-          _3164___v75 = _out1467;
-          _3165_tErased = _out1468;
-          _3166_recIdentsT = _out1469;
-          if ((!(_3161_fErased)) || (!(_3165_tErased))) {
-            if (_3161_fErased) {
-              _3159_fString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3159_fString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            if (_3165_tErased) {
-              _3163_tString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3163_tString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(if "), _3151_condString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {\n")), _3163_tString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n} else {\n")), _3159_fString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n})"));
-          isOwned = _3160_fOwned;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_3154_recIdentsCond, _3166_recIdentsT), _3162_recIdentsF);
-          isErased = (_3161_fErased) || (_3165_tErased);
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_UnOp) {
-        DAST._IUnaryOp _3167___mcc_h35 = _source48.dtor_unOp;
-        DAST._IExpression _3168___mcc_h36 = _source48.dtor_expr;
-        DAST._IUnaryOp _source99 = _3167___mcc_h35;
-        if (_source99.is_Not) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3169_e = _3168___mcc_h36;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3170_recursiveGen;
-            bool _3171___v76;
-            bool _3172_recErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3173_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1470;
-            bool _out1471;
-            bool _out1472;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1473;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3169_e, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1470, out _out1471, out _out1472, out _out1473);
-            _3170_recursiveGen = _out1470;
-            _3171___v76 = _out1471;
-            _3172_recErased = _out1472;
-            _3173_recIdents = _out1473;
-            if (!(_3172_recErased)) {
-              _3170_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3170_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!("), _3170_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            isOwned = true;
-            readIdents = _3173_recIdents;
-            isErased = true;
-          }
-        } else if (_source99.is_BitwiseNot) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3174_e = _3168___mcc_h36;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3175_recursiveGen;
-            bool _3176___v77;
-            bool _3177_recErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3178_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1474;
-            bool _out1475;
-            bool _out1476;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1477;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3174_e, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1474, out _out1475, out _out1476, out _out1477);
-            _3175_recursiveGen = _out1474;
-            _3176___v77 = _out1475;
-            _3177_recErased = _out1476;
-            _3178_recIdents = _out1477;
-            if (!(_3177_recErased)) {
-              _3175_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3175_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("~("), _3175_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            isOwned = true;
-            readIdents = _3178_recIdents;
-            isErased = true;
-          }
-        } else {
-          DAST._IExpression _3179_e = _3168___mcc_h36;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3180_recursiveGen;
-            bool _3181_recOwned;
-            bool _3182_recErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3183_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1478;
-            bool _out1479;
-            bool _out1480;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1481;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3179_e, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1478, out _out1479, out _out1480, out _out1481);
-            _3180_recursiveGen = _out1478;
-            _3181_recOwned = _out1479;
-            _3182_recErased = _out1480;
-            _3183_recIdents = _out1481;
-            if (!(_3182_recErased)) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3184_eraseFn;
-              _3184_eraseFn = ((_3181_recOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase_owned")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("erase")));
-              _3180_recursiveGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::"), _3184_eraseFn), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _3180_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(("), _3180_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").len())"));
-            isOwned = true;
-            readIdents = _3183_recIdents;
-            isErased = true;
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_BinOp) {
-        DAST._IBinOp _3185___mcc_h37 = _source48.dtor_op;
-        DAST._IExpression _3186___mcc_h38 = _source48.dtor_left;
-        DAST._IExpression _3187___mcc_h39 = _source48.dtor_right;
-        DAST._IExpression _3188_r = _3187___mcc_h39;
-        DAST._IExpression _3189_l = _3186___mcc_h38;
-        DAST._IBinOp _3190_op = _3185___mcc_h37;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3191_left;
-          bool _3192___v78;
-          bool _3193_leftErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3194_recIdentsL;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1482;
-          bool _out1483;
-          bool _out1484;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1485;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3189_l, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1482, out _out1483, out _out1484, out _out1485);
-          _3191_left = _out1482;
-          _3192___v78 = _out1483;
-          _3193_leftErased = _out1484;
-          _3194_recIdentsL = _out1485;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3195_right;
-          bool _3196___v79;
-          bool _3197_rightErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3198_recIdentsR;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1486;
-          bool _out1487;
-          bool _out1488;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1489;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3188_r, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1486, out _out1487, out _out1488, out _out1489);
-          _3195_right = _out1486;
-          _3196___v79 = _out1487;
-          _3197_rightErased = _out1488;
-          _3198_recIdentsR = _out1489;
-          DAST._IBinOp _source100 = _3190_op;
-          if (_source100.is_Eq) {
-            bool _3199___mcc_h1150 = _source100.dtor_referential;
-            bool _3200___mcc_h1151 = _source100.dtor_nullable;
-            {
-              if (!(_3193_leftErased)) {
-                _3191_left = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              if (!(_3197_rightErased)) {
-                _3195_right = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              DAST._IBinOp _source101 = _3190_op;
-              if (_source101.is_Eq) {
-                bool _3201___mcc_h1160 = _source101.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3202___mcc_h1161 = _source101.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3203_nullable = _3202___mcc_h1161;
-                bool _3204_referential = _3201___mcc_h1160;
-                {
-                  if (_3204_referential) {
-                    if (_3203_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" == ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source101.is_Neq) {
-                bool _3205___mcc_h1162 = _source101.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3206___mcc_h1163 = _source101.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3207_nullable = _3206___mcc_h1163;
-                bool _3208_referential = _3205___mcc_h1162;
-                {
-                  if (_3208_referential) {
-                    if (_3207_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" != ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source101.is_Div) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") / (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source101.is_EuclidianDiv) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_division("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source101.is_Mod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") % (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source101.is_EuclidianMod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_modulo("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3209___mcc_h1164 = _source101.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3210_op = _3209___mcc_h1164;
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3210_op), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          } else if (_source100.is_Neq) {
-            bool _3211___mcc_h1154 = _source100.dtor_referential;
-            bool _3212___mcc_h1155 = _source100.dtor_nullable;
-            {
-              if (!(_3193_leftErased)) {
-                _3191_left = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              if (!(_3197_rightErased)) {
-                _3195_right = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              DAST._IBinOp _source102 = _3190_op;
-              if (_source102.is_Eq) {
-                bool _3213___mcc_h1165 = _source102.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3214___mcc_h1166 = _source102.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3215_nullable = _3214___mcc_h1166;
-                bool _3216_referential = _3213___mcc_h1165;
-                {
-                  if (_3216_referential) {
-                    if (_3215_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" == ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source102.is_Neq) {
-                bool _3217___mcc_h1167 = _source102.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3218___mcc_h1168 = _source102.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3219_nullable = _3218___mcc_h1168;
-                bool _3220_referential = _3217___mcc_h1167;
-                {
-                  if (_3220_referential) {
-                    if (_3219_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" != ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source102.is_Div) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") / (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source102.is_EuclidianDiv) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_division("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source102.is_Mod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") % (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source102.is_EuclidianMod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_modulo("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3221___mcc_h1169 = _source102.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3222_op = _3221___mcc_h1169;
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3222_op), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          } else if (_source100.is_Div) {
-            {
-              if (!(_3193_leftErased)) {
-                _3191_left = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              if (!(_3197_rightErased)) {
-                _3195_right = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              DAST._IBinOp _source103 = _3190_op;
-              if (_source103.is_Eq) {
-                bool _3223___mcc_h1170 = _source103.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3224___mcc_h1171 = _source103.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3225_nullable = _3224___mcc_h1171;
-                bool _3226_referential = _3223___mcc_h1170;
-                {
-                  if (_3226_referential) {
-                    if (_3225_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" == ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source103.is_Neq) {
-                bool _3227___mcc_h1172 = _source103.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3228___mcc_h1173 = _source103.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3229_nullable = _3228___mcc_h1173;
-                bool _3230_referential = _3227___mcc_h1172;
-                {
-                  if (_3230_referential) {
-                    if (_3229_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" != ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source103.is_Div) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") / (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source103.is_EuclidianDiv) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_division("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source103.is_Mod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") % (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source103.is_EuclidianMod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_modulo("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3231___mcc_h1174 = _source103.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3232_op = _3231___mcc_h1174;
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3232_op), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          } else if (_source100.is_EuclidianDiv) {
-            {
-              if (!(_3193_leftErased)) {
-                _3191_left = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              if (!(_3197_rightErased)) {
-                _3195_right = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              DAST._IBinOp _source104 = _3190_op;
-              if (_source104.is_Eq) {
-                bool _3233___mcc_h1175 = _source104.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3234___mcc_h1176 = _source104.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3235_nullable = _3234___mcc_h1176;
-                bool _3236_referential = _3233___mcc_h1175;
-                {
-                  if (_3236_referential) {
-                    if (_3235_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" == ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source104.is_Neq) {
-                bool _3237___mcc_h1177 = _source104.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3238___mcc_h1178 = _source104.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3239_nullable = _3238___mcc_h1178;
-                bool _3240_referential = _3237___mcc_h1177;
-                {
-                  if (_3240_referential) {
-                    if (_3239_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" != ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source104.is_Div) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") / (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source104.is_EuclidianDiv) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_division("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source104.is_Mod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") % (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source104.is_EuclidianMod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_modulo("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3241___mcc_h1179 = _source104.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3242_op = _3241___mcc_h1179;
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3242_op), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          } else if (_source100.is_Mod) {
-            {
-              if (!(_3193_leftErased)) {
-                _3191_left = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              if (!(_3197_rightErased)) {
-                _3195_right = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              DAST._IBinOp _source105 = _3190_op;
-              if (_source105.is_Eq) {
-                bool _3243___mcc_h1180 = _source105.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3244___mcc_h1181 = _source105.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3245_nullable = _3244___mcc_h1181;
-                bool _3246_referential = _3243___mcc_h1180;
-                {
-                  if (_3246_referential) {
-                    if (_3245_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" == ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source105.is_Neq) {
-                bool _3247___mcc_h1182 = _source105.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3248___mcc_h1183 = _source105.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3249_nullable = _3248___mcc_h1183;
-                bool _3250_referential = _3247___mcc_h1182;
-                {
-                  if (_3250_referential) {
-                    if (_3249_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" != ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source105.is_Div) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") / (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source105.is_EuclidianDiv) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_division("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source105.is_Mod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") % (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source105.is_EuclidianMod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_modulo("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3251___mcc_h1184 = _source105.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3252_op = _3251___mcc_h1184;
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3252_op), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          } else if (_source100.is_EuclidianMod) {
-            {
-              if (!(_3193_leftErased)) {
-                _3191_left = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              if (!(_3197_rightErased)) {
-                _3195_right = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              DAST._IBinOp _source106 = _3190_op;
-              if (_source106.is_Eq) {
-                bool _3253___mcc_h1185 = _source106.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3254___mcc_h1186 = _source106.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3255_nullable = _3254___mcc_h1186;
-                bool _3256_referential = _3253___mcc_h1185;
-                {
-                  if (_3256_referential) {
-                    if (_3255_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" == ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source106.is_Neq) {
-                bool _3257___mcc_h1187 = _source106.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3258___mcc_h1188 = _source106.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3259_nullable = _3258___mcc_h1188;
-                bool _3260_referential = _3257___mcc_h1187;
-                {
-                  if (_3260_referential) {
-                    if (_3259_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" != ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source106.is_Div) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") / (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source106.is_EuclidianDiv) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_division("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source106.is_Mod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") % (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source106.is_EuclidianMod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_modulo("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3261___mcc_h1189 = _source106.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3262_op = _3261___mcc_h1189;
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3262_op), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          } else if (_source100.is_Implies) {
-            {
-              if (!(_3193_leftErased)) {
-                _3191_left = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              if (!(_3197_rightErased)) {
-                _3195_right = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") || ")), _3195_right);
-            }
-          } else if (_source100.is_In) {
-            {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3195_right, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".contains(&")), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-          } else if (_source100.is_NotIn) {
-            {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!("), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".contains(&")), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-            }
-          } else if (_source100.is_SetDifference) {
-            {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".difference(&")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").cloned().collect::<::std::collections::HashSet<_>>()"));
-            }
-          } else if (_source100.is_Concat) {
-            {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("["), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("].concat()"));
-            }
-          } else {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3263___mcc_h1158 = _source100.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-            {
-              if (!(_3193_leftErased)) {
-                _3191_left = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              if (!(_3197_rightErased)) {
-                _3195_right = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              DAST._IBinOp _source107 = _3190_op;
-              if (_source107.is_Eq) {
-                bool _3264___mcc_h1190 = _source107.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3265___mcc_h1191 = _source107.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3266_nullable = _3265___mcc_h1191;
-                bool _3267_referential = _3264___mcc_h1190;
-                {
-                  if (_3267_referential) {
-                    if (_3266_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" == ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source107.is_Neq) {
-                bool _3268___mcc_h1192 = _source107.dtor_referential;
-                bool _3269___mcc_h1193 = _source107.dtor_nullable;
-                bool _3270_nullable = _3269___mcc_h1193;
-                bool _3271_referential = _3268___mcc_h1192;
-                {
-                  if (_3271_referential) {
-                    if (_3270_nullable) {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::dafny_runtime::nullable_referential_equality("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                    } else {
-                      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!::std::rc::Rc::ptr_eq(&("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("), &(")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-                    }
-                  } else {
-                    s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3191_left, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" != ")), _3195_right);
-                  }
-                }
-              } else if (_source107.is_Div) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") / (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source107.is_EuclidianDiv) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_division("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source107.is_Mod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") % (")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else if (_source107.is_EuclidianMod) {
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_modulo("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              } else {
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3272___mcc_h1194 = _source107.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
-                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3273_op = _3272___mcc_h1194;
-                {
-                  s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3191_left), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3273_op), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), _3195_right), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          }
-          isOwned = true;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_3194_recIdentsL, _3198_recIdentsR);
-          isErased = true;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_ArrayLen) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3274___mcc_h40 = _source48.dtor_expr;
-        BigInteger _3275___mcc_h41 = _source48.dtor_dim;
-        BigInteger _3276_dim = _3275___mcc_h41;
-        DAST._IExpression _3277_expr = _3274___mcc_h40;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3278_recursiveGen;
-          bool _3279___v81;
-          bool _3280_recErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3281_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1490;
-          bool _out1491;
-          bool _out1492;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1493;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3277_expr, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1490, out _out1491, out _out1492, out _out1493);
-          _3278_recursiveGen = _out1490;
-          _3279___v81 = _out1491;
-          _3280_recErased = _out1492;
-          _3281_recIdents = _out1493;
-          if ((_3276_dim).Sign == 0) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(("), _3278_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").borrow().len())"));
-          } else {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(m.borrow().len())");
-            BigInteger _3282_i;
-            _3282_i = BigInteger.One;
-            while ((_3282_i) < (_3276_dim)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("m.borrow().get(0).map(|m| "), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap_or(::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(0))"));
-              _3282_i = (_3282_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3278_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow().get(0).map(|m| ")), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap_or(::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from(0))"));
-          }
-          isOwned = true;
-          readIdents = _3281_recIdents;
-          isErased = true;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_Select) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3283___mcc_h42 = _source48.dtor_expr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3284___mcc_h43 = _source48.dtor_field;
-        bool _3285___mcc_h44 = _source48.dtor_isConstant;
-        bool _3286___mcc_h45 = _source48.dtor_onDatatype;
-        DAST._IExpression _source108 = _3283___mcc_h42;
-        if (_source108.is_Literal) {
-          DAST._ILiteral _3287___mcc_h46 = _source108.dtor_Literal_a0;
-          bool _3288_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3289_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3290_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3291_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3292_onString;
-            bool _3293_onOwned;
-            bool _3294_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3295_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1494;
-            bool _out1495;
-            bool _out1496;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1497;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3291_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1494, out _out1495, out _out1496, out _out1497);
-            _3292_onString = _out1494;
-            _3293_onOwned = _out1495;
-            _3294_onErased = _out1496;
-            _3295_recIdents = _out1497;
-            if ((_3288_isDatatype) || (_3289_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3292_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3290_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3289_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3292_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3290_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3295_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_Ident) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3296___mcc_h48 = _source108.dtor_Ident_a0;
-          bool _3297_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3298_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3299_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3300_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3301_onString;
-            bool _3302_onOwned;
-            bool _3303_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3304_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1498;
-            bool _out1499;
-            bool _out1500;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1501;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3300_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1498, out _out1499, out _out1500, out _out1501);
-            _3301_onString = _out1498;
-            _3302_onOwned = _out1499;
-            _3303_onErased = _out1500;
-            _3304_recIdents = _out1501;
-            if ((_3297_isDatatype) || (_3298_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3301_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3299_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3298_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3301_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3299_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3304_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_Companion) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3305___mcc_h50 = _source108.dtor_Companion_a0;
-          bool _3306_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3307_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3308_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3309_c = _3305___mcc_h50;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3310_onString;
-            bool _3311_onOwned;
-            bool _3312_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3313_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1502;
-            bool _out1503;
-            bool _out1504;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1505;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Companion(_3309_c), selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1502, out _out1503, out _out1504, out _out1505);
-            _3310_onString = _out1502;
-            _3311_onOwned = _out1503;
-            _3312_onErased = _out1504;
-            _3313_recIdents = _out1505;
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3310_onString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3308_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-            isOwned = true;
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3313_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_Tuple) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3314___mcc_h52 = _source108.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-          bool _3315_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3316_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3317_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3318_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3319_onString;
-            bool _3320_onOwned;
-            bool _3321_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3322_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1506;
-            bool _out1507;
-            bool _out1508;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1509;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3318_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1506, out _out1507, out _out1508, out _out1509);
-            _3319_onString = _out1506;
-            _3320_onOwned = _out1507;
-            _3321_onErased = _out1508;
-            _3322_recIdents = _out1509;
-            if ((_3315_isDatatype) || (_3316_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3319_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3317_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3316_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3319_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3317_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3322_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_New) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3323___mcc_h54 = _source108.dtor_path;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3324___mcc_h55 = _source108.dtor_typeArgs;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3325___mcc_h56 = _source108.dtor_args;
-          bool _3326_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3327_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3328_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3329_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3330_onString;
-            bool _3331_onOwned;
-            bool _3332_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3333_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1510;
-            bool _out1511;
-            bool _out1512;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1513;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3329_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1510, out _out1511, out _out1512, out _out1513);
-            _3330_onString = _out1510;
-            _3331_onOwned = _out1511;
-            _3332_onErased = _out1512;
-            _3333_recIdents = _out1513;
-            if ((_3326_isDatatype) || (_3327_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3330_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3328_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3327_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3330_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3328_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3333_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_NewArray) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3334___mcc_h60 = _source108.dtor_dims;
-          DAST._IType _3335___mcc_h61 = _source108.dtor_typ;
-          bool _3336_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3337_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3338_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3339_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3340_onString;
-            bool _3341_onOwned;
-            bool _3342_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3343_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1514;
-            bool _out1515;
-            bool _out1516;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1517;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3339_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1514, out _out1515, out _out1516, out _out1517);
-            _3340_onString = _out1514;
-            _3341_onOwned = _out1515;
-            _3342_onErased = _out1516;
-            _3343_recIdents = _out1517;
-            if ((_3336_isDatatype) || (_3337_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3340_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3338_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3337_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3340_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3338_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3343_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_DatatypeValue) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3344___mcc_h64 = _source108.dtor_path;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3345___mcc_h65 = _source108.dtor_typeArgs;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3346___mcc_h66 = _source108.dtor_variant;
-          bool _3347___mcc_h67 = _source108.dtor_isCo;
-          Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> _3348___mcc_h68 = _source108.dtor_contents;
-          bool _3349_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3350_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3351_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3352_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3353_onString;
-            bool _3354_onOwned;
-            bool _3355_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3356_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1518;
-            bool _out1519;
-            bool _out1520;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1521;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3352_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1518, out _out1519, out _out1520, out _out1521);
-            _3353_onString = _out1518;
-            _3354_onOwned = _out1519;
-            _3355_onErased = _out1520;
-            _3356_recIdents = _out1521;
-            if ((_3349_isDatatype) || (_3350_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3353_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3351_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3350_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3353_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3351_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3356_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_Convert) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3357___mcc_h74 = _source108.dtor_value;
-          DAST._IType _3358___mcc_h75 = _source108.dtor_from;
-          DAST._IType _3359___mcc_h76 = _source108.dtor_typ;
-          bool _3360_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3361_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3362_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3363_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3364_onString;
-            bool _3365_onOwned;
-            bool _3366_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3367_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1522;
-            bool _out1523;
-            bool _out1524;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1525;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3363_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1522, out _out1523, out _out1524, out _out1525);
-            _3364_onString = _out1522;
-            _3365_onOwned = _out1523;
-            _3366_onErased = _out1524;
-            _3367_recIdents = _out1525;
-            if ((_3360_isDatatype) || (_3361_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3364_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3362_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3361_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3364_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3362_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3367_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_SeqConstruct) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3368___mcc_h80 = _source108.dtor_length;
-          DAST._IExpression _3369___mcc_h81 = _source108.dtor_elem;
-          bool _3370_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3371_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3372_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3373_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3374_onString;
-            bool _3375_onOwned;
-            bool _3376_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3377_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1526;
-            bool _out1527;
-            bool _out1528;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1529;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3373_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1526, out _out1527, out _out1528, out _out1529);
-            _3374_onString = _out1526;
-            _3375_onOwned = _out1527;
-            _3376_onErased = _out1528;
-            _3377_recIdents = _out1529;
-            if ((_3370_isDatatype) || (_3371_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3374_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3372_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3371_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3374_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3372_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3377_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_SeqValue) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3378___mcc_h84 = _source108.dtor_elements;
-          DAST._IType _3379___mcc_h85 = _source108.dtor_typ;
-          bool _3380_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3381_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3382_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3383_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3384_onString;
-            bool _3385_onOwned;
-            bool _3386_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3387_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1530;
-            bool _out1531;
-            bool _out1532;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1533;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3383_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1530, out _out1531, out _out1532, out _out1533);
-            _3384_onString = _out1530;
-            _3385_onOwned = _out1531;
-            _3386_onErased = _out1532;
-            _3387_recIdents = _out1533;
-            if ((_3380_isDatatype) || (_3381_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3384_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3382_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3381_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3384_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3382_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3387_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_SetValue) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3388___mcc_h88 = _source108.dtor_elements;
-          bool _3389_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3390_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3391_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3392_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3393_onString;
-            bool _3394_onOwned;
-            bool _3395_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3396_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1534;
-            bool _out1535;
-            bool _out1536;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1537;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3392_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1534, out _out1535, out _out1536, out _out1537);
-            _3393_onString = _out1534;
-            _3394_onOwned = _out1535;
-            _3395_onErased = _out1536;
-            _3396_recIdents = _out1537;
-            if ((_3389_isDatatype) || (_3390_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3393_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3391_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3390_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3393_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3391_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3396_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_MapValue) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> _3397___mcc_h90 = _source108.dtor_mapElems;
-          bool _3398_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3399_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3400_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3401_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3402_onString;
-            bool _3403_onOwned;
-            bool _3404_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3405_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1538;
-            bool _out1539;
-            bool _out1540;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1541;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3401_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1538, out _out1539, out _out1540, out _out1541);
-            _3402_onString = _out1538;
-            _3403_onOwned = _out1539;
-            _3404_onErased = _out1540;
-            _3405_recIdents = _out1541;
-            if ((_3398_isDatatype) || (_3399_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3402_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3400_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3399_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3402_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3400_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3405_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_This) {
-          bool _3406_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3407_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3408_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3409_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3410_onString;
-            bool _3411_onOwned;
-            bool _3412_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3413_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1542;
-            bool _out1543;
-            bool _out1544;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1545;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3409_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1542, out _out1543, out _out1544, out _out1545);
-            _3410_onString = _out1542;
-            _3411_onOwned = _out1543;
-            _3412_onErased = _out1544;
-            _3413_recIdents = _out1545;
-            if ((_3406_isDatatype) || (_3407_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3410_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3408_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3407_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3410_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3408_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3413_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_Ite) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3414___mcc_h92 = _source108.dtor_cond;
-          DAST._IExpression _3415___mcc_h93 = _source108.dtor_thn;
-          DAST._IExpression _3416___mcc_h94 = _source108.dtor_els;
-          bool _3417_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3418_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3419_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3420_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3421_onString;
-            bool _3422_onOwned;
-            bool _3423_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3424_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1546;
-            bool _out1547;
-            bool _out1548;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1549;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3420_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1546, out _out1547, out _out1548, out _out1549);
-            _3421_onString = _out1546;
-            _3422_onOwned = _out1547;
-            _3423_onErased = _out1548;
-            _3424_recIdents = _out1549;
-            if ((_3417_isDatatype) || (_3418_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3421_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3419_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3418_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3421_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3419_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3424_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_UnOp) {
-          DAST._IUnaryOp _3425___mcc_h98 = _source108.dtor_unOp;
-          DAST._IExpression _3426___mcc_h99 = _source108.dtor_expr;
-          bool _3427_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3428_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3429_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3430_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3431_onString;
-            bool _3432_onOwned;
-            bool _3433_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3434_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1550;
-            bool _out1551;
-            bool _out1552;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1553;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3430_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1550, out _out1551, out _out1552, out _out1553);
-            _3431_onString = _out1550;
-            _3432_onOwned = _out1551;
-            _3433_onErased = _out1552;
-            _3434_recIdents = _out1553;
-            if ((_3427_isDatatype) || (_3428_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3431_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3429_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3428_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3431_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3429_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3434_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_BinOp) {
-          DAST._IBinOp _3435___mcc_h102 = _source108.dtor_op;
-          DAST._IExpression _3436___mcc_h103 = _source108.dtor_left;
-          DAST._IExpression _3437___mcc_h104 = _source108.dtor_right;
-          bool _3438_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3439_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3440_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3441_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3442_onString;
-            bool _3443_onOwned;
-            bool _3444_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3445_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1554;
-            bool _out1555;
-            bool _out1556;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1557;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3441_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1554, out _out1555, out _out1556, out _out1557);
-            _3442_onString = _out1554;
-            _3443_onOwned = _out1555;
-            _3444_onErased = _out1556;
-            _3445_recIdents = _out1557;
-            if ((_3438_isDatatype) || (_3439_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3442_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3440_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3439_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3442_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3440_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3445_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_ArrayLen) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3446___mcc_h108 = _source108.dtor_expr;
-          BigInteger _3447___mcc_h109 = _source108.dtor_dim;
-          bool _3448_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3449_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3450_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3451_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3452_onString;
-            bool _3453_onOwned;
-            bool _3454_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3455_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1558;
-            bool _out1559;
-            bool _out1560;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1561;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3451_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1558, out _out1559, out _out1560, out _out1561);
-            _3452_onString = _out1558;
-            _3453_onOwned = _out1559;
-            _3454_onErased = _out1560;
-            _3455_recIdents = _out1561;
-            if ((_3448_isDatatype) || (_3449_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3452_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3450_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3449_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3452_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3450_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3455_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_Select) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3456___mcc_h112 = _source108.dtor_expr;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3457___mcc_h113 = _source108.dtor_field;
-          bool _3458___mcc_h114 = _source108.dtor_isConstant;
-          bool _3459___mcc_h115 = _source108.dtor_onDatatype;
-          bool _3460_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3461_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3462_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3463_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3464_onString;
-            bool _3465_onOwned;
-            bool _3466_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3467_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1562;
-            bool _out1563;
-            bool _out1564;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1565;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3463_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1562, out _out1563, out _out1564, out _out1565);
-            _3464_onString = _out1562;
-            _3465_onOwned = _out1563;
-            _3466_onErased = _out1564;
-            _3467_recIdents = _out1565;
-            if ((_3460_isDatatype) || (_3461_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3464_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3462_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3461_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3464_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3462_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3467_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_SelectFn) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3468___mcc_h120 = _source108.dtor_expr;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3469___mcc_h121 = _source108.dtor_field;
-          bool _3470___mcc_h122 = _source108.dtor_onDatatype;
-          bool _3471___mcc_h123 = _source108.dtor_isStatic;
-          BigInteger _3472___mcc_h124 = _source108.dtor_arity;
-          bool _3473_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3474_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3475_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3476_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3477_onString;
-            bool _3478_onOwned;
-            bool _3479_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3480_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1566;
-            bool _out1567;
-            bool _out1568;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1569;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3476_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1566, out _out1567, out _out1568, out _out1569);
-            _3477_onString = _out1566;
-            _3478_onOwned = _out1567;
-            _3479_onErased = _out1568;
-            _3480_recIdents = _out1569;
-            if ((_3473_isDatatype) || (_3474_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3477_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3475_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3474_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3477_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3475_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3480_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_Index) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3481___mcc_h130 = _source108.dtor_expr;
-          DAST._ICollKind _3482___mcc_h131 = _source108.dtor_collKind;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3483___mcc_h132 = _source108.dtor_indices;
-          bool _3484_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3485_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3486_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3487_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3488_onString;
-            bool _3489_onOwned;
-            bool _3490_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3491_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1570;
-            bool _out1571;
-            bool _out1572;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1573;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3487_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1570, out _out1571, out _out1572, out _out1573);
-            _3488_onString = _out1570;
-            _3489_onOwned = _out1571;
-            _3490_onErased = _out1572;
-            _3491_recIdents = _out1573;
-            if ((_3484_isDatatype) || (_3485_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3488_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3486_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3485_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3488_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3486_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3491_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_IndexRange) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3492___mcc_h136 = _source108.dtor_expr;
-          bool _3493___mcc_h137 = _source108.dtor_isArray;
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _3494___mcc_h138 = _source108.dtor_low;
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _3495___mcc_h139 = _source108.dtor_high;
-          bool _3496_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3497_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3498_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3499_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3500_onString;
-            bool _3501_onOwned;
-            bool _3502_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3503_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1574;
-            bool _out1575;
-            bool _out1576;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1577;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3499_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1574, out _out1575, out _out1576, out _out1577);
-            _3500_onString = _out1574;
-            _3501_onOwned = _out1575;
-            _3502_onErased = _out1576;
-            _3503_recIdents = _out1577;
-            if ((_3496_isDatatype) || (_3497_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3500_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3498_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3497_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3500_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3498_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3503_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_TupleSelect) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3504___mcc_h144 = _source108.dtor_expr;
-          BigInteger _3505___mcc_h145 = _source108.dtor_index;
-          bool _3506_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3507_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3508_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3509_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3510_onString;
-            bool _3511_onOwned;
-            bool _3512_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3513_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1578;
-            bool _out1579;
-            bool _out1580;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1581;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3509_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1578, out _out1579, out _out1580, out _out1581);
-            _3510_onString = _out1578;
-            _3511_onOwned = _out1579;
-            _3512_onErased = _out1580;
-            _3513_recIdents = _out1581;
-            if ((_3506_isDatatype) || (_3507_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3510_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3508_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3507_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3510_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3508_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3513_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_Call) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3514___mcc_h148 = _source108.dtor_on;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3515___mcc_h149 = _source108.dtor_name;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3516___mcc_h150 = _source108.dtor_typeArgs;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3517___mcc_h151 = _source108.dtor_args;
-          bool _3518_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3519_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3520_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3521_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3522_onString;
-            bool _3523_onOwned;
-            bool _3524_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3525_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1582;
-            bool _out1583;
-            bool _out1584;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1585;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3521_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1582, out _out1583, out _out1584, out _out1585);
-            _3522_onString = _out1582;
-            _3523_onOwned = _out1583;
-            _3524_onErased = _out1584;
-            _3525_recIdents = _out1585;
-            if ((_3518_isDatatype) || (_3519_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3522_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3520_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3519_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3522_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3520_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3525_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_Lambda) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _3526___mcc_h156 = _source108.dtor_params;
-          DAST._IType _3527___mcc_h157 = _source108.dtor_retType;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _3528___mcc_h158 = _source108.dtor_body;
-          bool _3529_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3530_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3531_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3532_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3533_onString;
-            bool _3534_onOwned;
-            bool _3535_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3536_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1586;
-            bool _out1587;
-            bool _out1588;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1589;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3532_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1586, out _out1587, out _out1588, out _out1589);
-            _3533_onString = _out1586;
-            _3534_onOwned = _out1587;
-            _3535_onErased = _out1588;
-            _3536_recIdents = _out1589;
-            if ((_3529_isDatatype) || (_3530_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3533_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3531_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3530_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3533_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3531_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3536_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_BetaRedex) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> _3537___mcc_h162 = _source108.dtor_values;
-          DAST._IType _3538___mcc_h163 = _source108.dtor_retType;
-          DAST._IExpression _3539___mcc_h164 = _source108.dtor_expr;
-          bool _3540_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3541_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3542_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3543_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3544_onString;
-            bool _3545_onOwned;
-            bool _3546_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3547_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1590;
-            bool _out1591;
-            bool _out1592;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1593;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3543_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1590, out _out1591, out _out1592, out _out1593);
-            _3544_onString = _out1590;
-            _3545_onOwned = _out1591;
-            _3546_onErased = _out1592;
-            _3547_recIdents = _out1593;
-            if ((_3540_isDatatype) || (_3541_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3544_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3542_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3541_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3544_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3542_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3547_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_IIFE) {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3548___mcc_h168 = _source108.dtor_name;
-          DAST._IType _3549___mcc_h169 = _source108.dtor_typ;
-          DAST._IExpression _3550___mcc_h170 = _source108.dtor_value;
-          DAST._IExpression _3551___mcc_h171 = _source108.dtor_iifeBody;
-          bool _3552_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3553_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3554_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3555_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3556_onString;
-            bool _3557_onOwned;
-            bool _3558_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3559_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1594;
-            bool _out1595;
-            bool _out1596;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1597;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3555_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1594, out _out1595, out _out1596, out _out1597);
-            _3556_onString = _out1594;
-            _3557_onOwned = _out1595;
-            _3558_onErased = _out1596;
-            _3559_recIdents = _out1597;
-            if ((_3552_isDatatype) || (_3553_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3556_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3554_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3553_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3556_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3554_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3559_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_Apply) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3560___mcc_h176 = _source108.dtor_expr;
-          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3561___mcc_h177 = _source108.dtor_args;
-          bool _3562_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3563_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3564_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3565_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3566_onString;
-            bool _3567_onOwned;
-            bool _3568_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3569_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1598;
-            bool _out1599;
-            bool _out1600;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1601;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3565_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1598, out _out1599, out _out1600, out _out1601);
-            _3566_onString = _out1598;
-            _3567_onOwned = _out1599;
-            _3568_onErased = _out1600;
-            _3569_recIdents = _out1601;
-            if ((_3562_isDatatype) || (_3563_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3566_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3564_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3563_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3566_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3564_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3569_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_TypeTest) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3570___mcc_h180 = _source108.dtor_on;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3571___mcc_h181 = _source108.dtor_dType;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3572___mcc_h182 = _source108.dtor_variant;
-          bool _3573_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3574_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3575_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3576_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3577_onString;
-            bool _3578_onOwned;
-            bool _3579_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3580_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1602;
-            bool _out1603;
-            bool _out1604;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1605;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3576_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1602, out _out1603, out _out1604, out _out1605);
-            _3577_onString = _out1602;
-            _3578_onOwned = _out1603;
-            _3579_onErased = _out1604;
-            _3580_recIdents = _out1605;
-            if ((_3573_isDatatype) || (_3574_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3577_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3575_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3574_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3577_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3575_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3580_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_InitializationValue) {
-          DAST._IType _3581___mcc_h186 = _source108.dtor_typ;
-          bool _3582_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3583_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3584_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3585_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3586_onString;
-            bool _3587_onOwned;
-            bool _3588_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3589_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1606;
-            bool _out1607;
-            bool _out1608;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1609;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3585_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1606, out _out1607, out _out1608, out _out1609);
-            _3586_onString = _out1606;
-            _3587_onOwned = _out1607;
-            _3588_onErased = _out1608;
-            _3589_recIdents = _out1609;
-            if ((_3582_isDatatype) || (_3583_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3586_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3584_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3583_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3586_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3584_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3589_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_BoolBoundedPool) {
-          bool _3590_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3591_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3592_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3593_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3594_onString;
-            bool _3595_onOwned;
-            bool _3596_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3597_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1610;
-            bool _out1611;
-            bool _out1612;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1613;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3593_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1610, out _out1611, out _out1612, out _out1613);
-            _3594_onString = _out1610;
-            _3595_onOwned = _out1611;
-            _3596_onErased = _out1612;
-            _3597_recIdents = _out1613;
-            if ((_3590_isDatatype) || (_3591_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3594_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3592_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3591_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3594_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3592_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3597_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_SetBoundedPool) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3598___mcc_h188 = _source108.dtor_of;
-          bool _3599_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3600_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3601_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3602_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3603_onString;
-            bool _3604_onOwned;
-            bool _3605_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3606_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1614;
-            bool _out1615;
-            bool _out1616;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1617;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3602_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1614, out _out1615, out _out1616, out _out1617);
-            _3603_onString = _out1614;
-            _3604_onOwned = _out1615;
-            _3605_onErased = _out1616;
-            _3606_recIdents = _out1617;
-            if ((_3599_isDatatype) || (_3600_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3603_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3601_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3600_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3603_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3601_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3606_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else if (_source108.is_SeqBoundedPool) {
-          DAST._IExpression _3607___mcc_h190 = _source108.dtor_of;
-          bool _3608___mcc_h191 = _source108.dtor_includeDuplicates;
-          bool _3609_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3610_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3611_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3612_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3613_onString;
-            bool _3614_onOwned;
-            bool _3615_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3616_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1618;
-            bool _out1619;
-            bool _out1620;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1621;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3612_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1618, out _out1619, out _out1620, out _out1621);
-            _3613_onString = _out1618;
-            _3614_onOwned = _out1619;
-            _3615_onErased = _out1620;
-            _3616_recIdents = _out1621;
-            if ((_3609_isDatatype) || (_3610_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3613_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3611_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3610_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3613_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3611_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3616_recIdents;
-          }
-        } else {
-          DAST._IExpression _3617___mcc_h194 = _source108.dtor_lo;
-          DAST._IExpression _3618___mcc_h195 = _source108.dtor_hi;
-          bool _3619_isDatatype = _3286___mcc_h45;
-          bool _3620_isConstant = _3285___mcc_h44;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3621_field = _3284___mcc_h43;
-          DAST._IExpression _3622_on = _3283___mcc_h42;
-          {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3623_onString;
-            bool _3624_onOwned;
-            bool _3625_onErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3626_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1622;
-            bool _out1623;
-            bool _out1624;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1625;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3622_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1622, out _out1623, out _out1624, out _out1625);
-            _3623_onString = _out1622;
-            _3624_onOwned = _out1623;
-            _3625_onErased = _out1624;
-            _3626_recIdents = _out1625;
-            if ((_3619_isDatatype) || (_3620_isConstant)) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3623_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3621_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()"));
-              if (_3620_isConstant) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-              }
-              if (mustOwn) {
-                s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-                isOwned = true;
-              } else {
-                isOwned = false;
-              }
-            } else {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&(("), _3623_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3621_field)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".borrow()))"));
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-              isOwned = true;
-            }
-            isErased = false;
-            readIdents = _3626_recIdents;
-          }
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_SelectFn) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3627___mcc_h198 = _source48.dtor_expr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3628___mcc_h199 = _source48.dtor_field;
-        bool _3629___mcc_h200 = _source48.dtor_onDatatype;
-        bool _3630___mcc_h201 = _source48.dtor_isStatic;
-        BigInteger _3631___mcc_h202 = _source48.dtor_arity;
-        BigInteger _3632_arity = _3631___mcc_h202;
-        bool _3633_isStatic = _3630___mcc_h201;
-        bool _3634_isDatatype = _3629___mcc_h200;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3635_field = _3628___mcc_h199;
-        DAST._IExpression _3636_on = _3627___mcc_h198;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3637_onString;
-          bool _3638_onOwned;
-          bool _3639___v82;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3640_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1626;
-          bool _out1627;
-          bool _out1628;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1629;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3636_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1626, out _out1627, out _out1628, out _out1629);
-          _3637_onString = _out1626;
-          _3638_onOwned = _out1627;
-          _3639___v82 = _out1628;
-          _3640_recIdents = _out1629;
-          if (_3633_isStatic) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3637_onString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3635_field));
-          } else {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{\n");
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let callTarget = (")), _3637_onString), ((_3638_onOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";\n"));
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3641_args;
-            _3641_args = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-            BigInteger _3642_i;
-            _3642_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-            while ((_3642_i) < (_3632_arity)) {
-              if ((_3642_i).Sign == 1) {
-                _3641_args = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3641_args, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-              }
-              _3641_args = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3641_args, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("arg")), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_3642_i));
-              _3642_i = (_3642_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("move |")), _3641_args), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("| {\n"));
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("callTarget.")), _3635_field), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _3641_args), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")\n"));
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}\n"));
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3643_typeShape;
-          _3643_typeShape = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("dyn ::std::ops::Fn(");
-          BigInteger _3644_i;
-          _3644_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3644_i) < (_3632_arity)) {
-            if ((_3644_i).Sign == 1) {
-              _3643_typeShape = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3643_typeShape, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            _3643_typeShape = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3643_typeShape, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&_"));
-            _3644_i = (_3644_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          _3643_typeShape = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3643_typeShape, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") -> _"));
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::FunctionWrapper(::std::rc::Rc::new("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ::std::rc::Rc<")), _3643_typeShape), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">)"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = false;
-          readIdents = _3640_recIdents;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_Index) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3645___mcc_h203 = _source48.dtor_expr;
-        DAST._ICollKind _3646___mcc_h204 = _source48.dtor_collKind;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3647___mcc_h205 = _source48.dtor_indices;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3648_indices = _3647___mcc_h205;
-        DAST._ICollKind _3649_collKind = _3646___mcc_h204;
-        DAST._IExpression _3650_on = _3645___mcc_h203;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3651_onString;
-          bool _3652_onOwned;
-          bool _3653_onErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3654_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1630;
-          bool _out1631;
-          bool _out1632;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1633;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3650_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1630, out _out1631, out _out1632, out _out1633);
-          _3651_onString = _out1630;
-          _3652_onOwned = _out1631;
-          _3653_onErased = _out1632;
-          _3654_recIdents = _out1633;
-          readIdents = _3654_recIdents;
-          s = _3651_onString;
-          BigInteger _3655_i;
-          _3655_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3655_i) < (new BigInteger((_3648_indices).Count))) {
-            if (object.Equals(_3649_collKind, DAST.CollKind.create_Array())) {
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").borrow()"));
-            }
-            if (object.Equals(_3649_collKind, DAST.CollKind.create_Map())) {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3656_idx;
-              bool _3657_idxOwned;
-              bool _3658_idxErased;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3659_recIdentsIdx;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1634;
-              bool _out1635;
-              bool _out1636;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1637;
-              DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_3648_indices).Select(_3655_i), selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1634, out _out1635, out _out1636, out _out1637);
-              _3656_idx = _out1634;
-              _3657_idxOwned = _out1635;
-              _3658_idxErased = _out1636;
-              _3659_recIdentsIdx = _out1637;
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")[")), ((_3657_idxOwned) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), _3656_idx), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("]"));
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3659_recIdentsIdx);
-            } else {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3660_idx;
-              bool _3661___v83;
-              bool _3662_idxErased;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3663_recIdentsIdx;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1638;
-              bool _out1639;
-              bool _out1640;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1641;
-              DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_3648_indices).Select(_3655_i), selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1638, out _out1639, out _out1640, out _out1641);
-              _3660_idx = _out1638;
-              _3661___v83 = _out1639;
-              _3662_idxErased = _out1640;
-              _3663_recIdentsIdx = _out1641;
-              if (!(_3662_idxErased)) {
-                _3660_idx = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3660_idx), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")[<usize as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(")), _3660_idx), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap()]"));
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3663_recIdentsIdx);
-            }
-            _3655_i = (_3655_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          if (mustOwn) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()"));
-            isOwned = true;
-          } else {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(&"), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            isOwned = false;
-          }
-          isErased = _3653_onErased;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_IndexRange) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3664___mcc_h206 = _source48.dtor_expr;
-        bool _3665___mcc_h207 = _source48.dtor_isArray;
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _3666___mcc_h208 = _source48.dtor_low;
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _3667___mcc_h209 = _source48.dtor_high;
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _3668_high = _3667___mcc_h209;
-        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _3669_low = _3666___mcc_h208;
-        bool _3670_isArray = _3665___mcc_h207;
-        DAST._IExpression _3671_on = _3664___mcc_h206;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3672_onString;
-          bool _3673_onOwned;
-          bool _3674_onErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3675_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1642;
-          bool _out1643;
-          bool _out1644;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1645;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3671_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1642, out _out1643, out _out1644, out _out1645);
-          _3672_onString = _out1642;
-          _3673_onOwned = _out1643;
-          _3674_onErased = _out1644;
-          _3675_recIdents = _out1645;
-          readIdents = _3675_recIdents;
-          s = _3672_onString;
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3676_lowString;
-          _3676_lowString = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None();
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _source109 = _3669_low;
-          if (_source109.is_None) {
-          } else {
-            DAST._IExpression _3677___mcc_h1195 = _source109.dtor_value;
-            DAST._IExpression _3678_l = _3677___mcc_h1195;
-            {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3679_lString;
-              bool _3680___v84;
-              bool _3681_lErased;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3682_recIdentsL;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1646;
-              bool _out1647;
-              bool _out1648;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1649;
-              DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3678_l, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1646, out _out1647, out _out1648, out _out1649);
-              _3679_lString = _out1646;
-              _3680___v84 = _out1647;
-              _3681_lErased = _out1648;
-              _3682_recIdentsL = _out1649;
-              if (!(_3681_lErased)) {
-                _3679_lString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3679_lString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              _3676_lowString = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(_3679_lString);
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3682_recIdentsL);
-            }
-          }
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3683_highString;
-          _3683_highString = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None();
-          Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _source110 = _3668_high;
-          if (_source110.is_None) {
-          } else {
-            DAST._IExpression _3684___mcc_h1196 = _source110.dtor_value;
-            DAST._IExpression _3685_h = _3684___mcc_h1196;
-            {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3686_hString;
-              bool _3687___v85;
-              bool _3688_hErased;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3689_recIdentsH;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1650;
-              bool _out1651;
-              bool _out1652;
-              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1653;
-              DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3685_h, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1650, out _out1651, out _out1652, out _out1653);
-              _3686_hString = _out1650;
-              _3687___v85 = _out1651;
-              _3688_hErased = _out1652;
-              _3689_recIdentsH = _out1653;
-              if (!(_3688_hErased)) {
-                _3686_hString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3686_hString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-              }
-              _3683_highString = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(_3686_hString);
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3689_recIdentsH);
-            }
-          }
-          if (_3670_isArray) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").borrow()"));
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("[")), ((System.Func<Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_source111) => {
-            if (_source111.is_None) {
-              return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-            } else {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3690___mcc_h1197 = _source111.dtor_value;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3691_l = _3690___mcc_h1197;
-              return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<usize as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from("), _3691_l), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap()"));
-            }
-          }))(_3676_lowString)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("..")), ((System.Func<Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_source112) => {
-            if (_source112.is_None) {
-              return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-            } else {
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3692___mcc_h1198 = _source112.dtor_value;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3693_h = _3692___mcc_h1198;
-              return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<usize as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from("), _3693_h), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap()"));
-            }
-          }))(_3683_highString)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("]"));
-          isErased = _3674_onErased;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".to_vec())"));
-          isOwned = true;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_TupleSelect) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3694___mcc_h210 = _source48.dtor_expr;
-        BigInteger _3695___mcc_h211 = _source48.dtor_index;
-        BigInteger _3696_idx = _3695___mcc_h211;
-        DAST._IExpression _3697_on = _3694___mcc_h210;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3698_onString;
-          bool _3699___v86;
-          bool _3700_tupErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3701_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1654;
-          bool _out1655;
-          bool _out1656;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1657;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3697_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1654, out _out1655, out _out1656, out _out1657);
-          _3698_onString = _out1654;
-          _3699___v86 = _out1655;
-          _3700_tupErased = _out1656;
-          _3701_recIdents = _out1657;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3698_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_3696_idx));
-          if (mustOwn) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone()"));
-            isOwned = true;
-          } else {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), s);
-            isOwned = false;
-          }
-          isErased = _3700_tupErased;
-          readIdents = _3701_recIdents;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_Call) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3702___mcc_h212 = _source48.dtor_on;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3703___mcc_h213 = _source48.dtor_name;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3704___mcc_h214 = _source48.dtor_typeArgs;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3705___mcc_h215 = _source48.dtor_args;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3706_args = _3705___mcc_h215;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3707_typeArgs = _3704___mcc_h214;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3708_name = _3703___mcc_h213;
-        DAST._IExpression _3709_on = _3702___mcc_h212;
-        {
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3710_typeArgString;
-          _3710_typeArgString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          if ((new BigInteger((_3707_typeArgs).Count)) >= (BigInteger.One)) {
-            BigInteger _3711_typeI;
-            _3711_typeI = BigInteger.Zero;
-            _3710_typeArgString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::<");
-            while ((_3711_typeI) < (new BigInteger((_3707_typeArgs).Count))) {
-              if ((_3711_typeI).Sign == 1) {
-                _3710_typeArgString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3710_typeArgString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-              }
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3712_typeString;
-              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1658;
-              _out1658 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((_3707_typeArgs).Select(_3711_typeI), false, false);
-              _3712_typeString = _out1658;
-              _3710_typeArgString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3710_typeArgString, _3712_typeString);
-              _3711_typeI = (_3711_typeI) + (BigInteger.One);
-            }
-            _3710_typeArgString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3710_typeArgString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3713_argString;
-          _3713_argString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          BigInteger _3714_i;
-          _3714_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3714_i) < (new BigInteger((_3706_args).Count))) {
-            if ((_3714_i).Sign == 1) {
-              _3713_argString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3713_argString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3715_argExpr;
-            bool _3716_isOwned;
-            bool _3717_argErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3718_argIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1659;
-            bool _out1660;
-            bool _out1661;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1662;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_3706_args).Select(_3714_i), selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1659, out _out1660, out _out1661, out _out1662);
-            _3715_argExpr = _out1659;
-            _3716_isOwned = _out1660;
-            _3717_argErased = _out1661;
-            _3718_argIdents = _out1662;
-            if (_3716_isOwned) {
-              _3715_argExpr = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&("), _3715_argExpr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            if (!(_3717_argErased)) {
-              _3715_argExpr = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase("), _3715_argExpr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            _3715_argExpr = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::unerase("), _3715_argExpr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            _3713_argString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3713_argString, _3715_argExpr);
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3718_argIdents);
-            _3714_i = (_3714_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3719_enclosingString;
-          bool _3720___v87;
-          bool _3721___v88;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3722_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1663;
-          bool _out1664;
-          bool _out1665;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1666;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3709_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1663, out _out1664, out _out1665, out _out1666);
-          _3719_enclosingString = _out1663;
-          _3720___v87 = _out1664;
-          _3721___v88 = _out1665;
-          _3722_recIdents = _out1666;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3722_recIdents);
-          DAST._IExpression _source113 = _3709_on;
-          if (_source113.is_Literal) {
-            DAST._ILiteral _3723___mcc_h1199 = _source113.dtor_Literal_a0;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_Ident) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3724___mcc_h1201 = _source113.dtor_Ident_a0;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_Companion) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3725___mcc_h1203 = _source113.dtor_Companion_a0;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3719_enclosingString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_Tuple) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3726___mcc_h1205 = _source113.dtor_Tuple_a0;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_New) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3727___mcc_h1207 = _source113.dtor_path;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3728___mcc_h1208 = _source113.dtor_typeArgs;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3729___mcc_h1209 = _source113.dtor_args;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_NewArray) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3730___mcc_h1213 = _source113.dtor_dims;
-            DAST._IType _3731___mcc_h1214 = _source113.dtor_typ;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_DatatypeValue) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3732___mcc_h1217 = _source113.dtor_path;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3733___mcc_h1218 = _source113.dtor_typeArgs;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3734___mcc_h1219 = _source113.dtor_variant;
-            bool _3735___mcc_h1220 = _source113.dtor_isCo;
-            Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> _3736___mcc_h1221 = _source113.dtor_contents;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_Convert) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3737___mcc_h1227 = _source113.dtor_value;
-            DAST._IType _3738___mcc_h1228 = _source113.dtor_from;
-            DAST._IType _3739___mcc_h1229 = _source113.dtor_typ;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_SeqConstruct) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3740___mcc_h1233 = _source113.dtor_length;
-            DAST._IExpression _3741___mcc_h1234 = _source113.dtor_elem;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_SeqValue) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3742___mcc_h1237 = _source113.dtor_elements;
-            DAST._IType _3743___mcc_h1238 = _source113.dtor_typ;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_SetValue) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3744___mcc_h1241 = _source113.dtor_elements;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_MapValue) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> _3745___mcc_h1243 = _source113.dtor_mapElems;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_This) {
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_Ite) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3746___mcc_h1245 = _source113.dtor_cond;
-            DAST._IExpression _3747___mcc_h1246 = _source113.dtor_thn;
-            DAST._IExpression _3748___mcc_h1247 = _source113.dtor_els;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_UnOp) {
-            DAST._IUnaryOp _3749___mcc_h1251 = _source113.dtor_unOp;
-            DAST._IExpression _3750___mcc_h1252 = _source113.dtor_expr;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_BinOp) {
-            DAST._IBinOp _3751___mcc_h1255 = _source113.dtor_op;
-            DAST._IExpression _3752___mcc_h1256 = _source113.dtor_left;
-            DAST._IExpression _3753___mcc_h1257 = _source113.dtor_right;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_ArrayLen) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3754___mcc_h1261 = _source113.dtor_expr;
-            BigInteger _3755___mcc_h1262 = _source113.dtor_dim;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_Select) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3756___mcc_h1265 = _source113.dtor_expr;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3757___mcc_h1266 = _source113.dtor_field;
-            bool _3758___mcc_h1267 = _source113.dtor_isConstant;
-            bool _3759___mcc_h1268 = _source113.dtor_onDatatype;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_SelectFn) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3760___mcc_h1273 = _source113.dtor_expr;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3761___mcc_h1274 = _source113.dtor_field;
-            bool _3762___mcc_h1275 = _source113.dtor_onDatatype;
-            bool _3763___mcc_h1276 = _source113.dtor_isStatic;
-            BigInteger _3764___mcc_h1277 = _source113.dtor_arity;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_Index) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3765___mcc_h1283 = _source113.dtor_expr;
-            DAST._ICollKind _3766___mcc_h1284 = _source113.dtor_collKind;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3767___mcc_h1285 = _source113.dtor_indices;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_IndexRange) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3768___mcc_h1289 = _source113.dtor_expr;
-            bool _3769___mcc_h1290 = _source113.dtor_isArray;
-            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _3770___mcc_h1291 = _source113.dtor_low;
-            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _3771___mcc_h1292 = _source113.dtor_high;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_TupleSelect) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3772___mcc_h1297 = _source113.dtor_expr;
-            BigInteger _3773___mcc_h1298 = _source113.dtor_index;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_Call) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3774___mcc_h1301 = _source113.dtor_on;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3775___mcc_h1302 = _source113.dtor_name;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3776___mcc_h1303 = _source113.dtor_typeArgs;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3777___mcc_h1304 = _source113.dtor_args;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_Lambda) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _3778___mcc_h1309 = _source113.dtor_params;
-            DAST._IType _3779___mcc_h1310 = _source113.dtor_retType;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _3780___mcc_h1311 = _source113.dtor_body;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_BetaRedex) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> _3781___mcc_h1315 = _source113.dtor_values;
-            DAST._IType _3782___mcc_h1316 = _source113.dtor_retType;
-            DAST._IExpression _3783___mcc_h1317 = _source113.dtor_expr;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_IIFE) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3784___mcc_h1321 = _source113.dtor_name;
-            DAST._IType _3785___mcc_h1322 = _source113.dtor_typ;
-            DAST._IExpression _3786___mcc_h1323 = _source113.dtor_value;
-            DAST._IExpression _3787___mcc_h1324 = _source113.dtor_iifeBody;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_Apply) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3788___mcc_h1329 = _source113.dtor_expr;
-            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3789___mcc_h1330 = _source113.dtor_args;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_TypeTest) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3790___mcc_h1333 = _source113.dtor_on;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3791___mcc_h1334 = _source113.dtor_dType;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3792___mcc_h1335 = _source113.dtor_variant;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_InitializationValue) {
-            DAST._IType _3793___mcc_h1339 = _source113.dtor_typ;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_BoolBoundedPool) {
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_SetBoundedPool) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3794___mcc_h1341 = _source113.dtor_of;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else if (_source113.is_SeqBoundedPool) {
-            DAST._IExpression _3795___mcc_h1343 = _source113.dtor_of;
-            bool _3796___mcc_h1344 = _source113.dtor_includeDuplicates;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          } else {
-            DAST._IExpression _3797___mcc_h1347 = _source113.dtor_lo;
-            DAST._IExpression _3798___mcc_h1348 = _source113.dtor_hi;
-            {
-              _3719_enclosingString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3719_enclosingString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3708_name)));
-            }
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3719_enclosingString, _3710_typeArgString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _3713_argString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = false;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_Lambda) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _3799___mcc_h216 = _source48.dtor_params;
-        DAST._IType _3800___mcc_h217 = _source48.dtor_retType;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _3801___mcc_h218 = _source48.dtor_body;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _3802_body = _3801___mcc_h218;
-        DAST._IType _3803_retType = _3800___mcc_h217;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _3804_params = _3799___mcc_h216;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3805_paramNames;
-          _3805_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          BigInteger _3806_i;
-          _3806_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3806_i) < (new BigInteger((_3804_params).Count))) {
-            _3805_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_3805_paramNames, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(((_3804_params).Select(_3806_i)).dtor_name));
-            _3806_i = (_3806_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3807_recursiveGen;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3808_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1667;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1668;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenStmts(_3802_body, ((!object.Equals(selfIdent, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None())) ? (Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_this"))) : (Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None())), _3805_paramNames, true, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), out _out1667, out _out1668);
-          _3807_recursiveGen = _out1667;
-          _3808_recIdents = _out1668;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3809_allReadCloned;
-          _3809_allReadCloned = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          while (!(_3808_recIdents).Equals(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements())) {
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3810_next;
-            foreach (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _assign_such_that_3 in (_3808_recIdents).Elements) {
-              _3810_next = (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>)_assign_such_that_3;
-              if ((_3808_recIdents).Contains(_3810_next)) {
-                goto after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_3;
-              }
-            }
-            throw new System.Exception("assign-such-that search produced no value (line 2536)");
-          after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_3:;
-            if ((!object.Equals(selfIdent, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None())) && ((_3810_next).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_this")))) {
-              if (!object.Equals(selfIdent, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None())) {
-                _3809_allReadCloned = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3809_allReadCloned, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let _this = self.clone();\n"));
-              }
-            } else if (!((_3805_paramNames).Contains(_3810_next))) {
-              _3809_allReadCloned = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3809_allReadCloned, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let ")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3810_next)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = ")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3810_next)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone();\n"));
-              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_3810_next));
-            }
-            _3808_recIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_3808_recIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_3810_next));
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3811_paramsString;
-          _3811_paramsString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3812_paramTypes;
-          _3812_paramTypes = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          _3806_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3806_i) < (new BigInteger((_3804_params).Count))) {
-            if ((_3806_i).Sign == 1) {
-              _3811_paramsString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3811_paramsString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-              _3812_paramTypes = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3812_paramTypes, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3813_typStr;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1669;
-            _out1669 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(((_3804_params).Select(_3806_i)).dtor_typ, false, true);
-            _3813_typStr = _out1669;
-            _3811_paramsString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3811_paramsString, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(((_3804_params).Select(_3806_i)).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": &")), _3813_typStr);
-            _3812_paramTypes = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3812_paramTypes, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&")), _3813_typStr);
-            _3806_i = (_3806_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3814_retTypeGen;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1670;
-          _out1670 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_3803_retType, false, true);
-          _3814_retTypeGen = _out1670;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::FunctionWrapper::<::std::rc::Rc<dyn ::std::ops::Fn("), _3812_paramTypes), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") -> ")), _3814_retTypeGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">>({\n")), _3809_allReadCloned), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::new(move |")), _3811_paramsString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("| -> ")), _3814_retTypeGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {\n")), _3807_recursiveGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n})})"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = false;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_BetaRedex) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> _3815___mcc_h219 = _source48.dtor_values;
-        DAST._IType _3816___mcc_h220 = _source48.dtor_retType;
-        DAST._IExpression _3817___mcc_h221 = _source48.dtor_expr;
-        DAST._IExpression _3818_expr = _3817___mcc_h221;
-        DAST._IType _3819_retType = _3816___mcc_h220;
-        Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> _3820_values = _3815___mcc_h219;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3821_paramNames;
-          _3821_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3822_paramNamesSet;
-          _3822_paramNamesSet = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          BigInteger _3823_i;
-          _3823_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3823_i) < (new BigInteger((_3820_values).Count))) {
-            _3821_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_3821_paramNames, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((((_3820_values).Select(_3823_i)).dtor__0).dtor_name));
-            _3822_paramNamesSet = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_3822_paramNamesSet, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((((_3820_values).Select(_3823_i)).dtor__0).dtor_name));
-            _3823_i = (_3823_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{\n");
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3824_paramsString;
-          _3824_paramsString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          _3823_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3823_i) < (new BigInteger((_3820_values).Count))) {
-            if ((_3823_i).Sign == 1) {
-              _3824_paramsString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3824_paramsString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3825_typStr;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1671;
-            _out1671 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType((((_3820_values).Select(_3823_i)).dtor__0).dtor_typ, false, true);
-            _3825_typStr = _out1671;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3826_valueGen;
-            bool _3827___v91;
-            bool _3828_valueErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3829_recIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1672;
-            bool _out1673;
-            bool _out1674;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1675;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(((_3820_values).Select(_3823_i)).dtor__1, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1672, out _out1673, out _out1674, out _out1675);
-            _3826_valueGen = _out1672;
-            _3827___v91 = _out1673;
-            _3828_valueErased = _out1674;
-            _3829_recIdents = _out1675;
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let ")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((((_3820_values).Select(_3823_i)).dtor__0).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), _3825_typStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = "));
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3829_recIdents);
-            if (_3828_valueErased) {
-              _3826_valueGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _3826_valueGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-            }
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _3826_valueGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";\n"));
-            _3823_i = (_3823_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3830_recGen;
-          bool _3831_recOwned;
-          bool _3832_recErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3833_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1676;
-          bool _out1677;
-          bool _out1678;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1679;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3818_expr, selfIdent, _3821_paramNames, mustOwn, out _out1676, out _out1677, out _out1678, out _out1679);
-          _3830_recGen = _out1676;
-          _3831_recOwned = _out1677;
-          _3832_recErased = _out1678;
-          _3833_recIdents = _out1679;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_3833_recIdents, _3822_paramNamesSet);
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _3830_recGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n}"));
-          isOwned = _3831_recOwned;
-          isErased = _3832_recErased;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_IIFE) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3834___mcc_h222 = _source48.dtor_name;
-        DAST._IType _3835___mcc_h223 = _source48.dtor_typ;
-        DAST._IExpression _3836___mcc_h224 = _source48.dtor_value;
-        DAST._IExpression _3837___mcc_h225 = _source48.dtor_iifeBody;
-        DAST._IExpression _3838_iifeBody = _3837___mcc_h225;
-        DAST._IExpression _3839_value = _3836___mcc_h224;
-        DAST._IType _3840_tpe = _3835___mcc_h223;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3841_name = _3834___mcc_h222;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3842_valueGen;
-          bool _3843___v92;
-          bool _3844_valueErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3845_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1680;
-          bool _out1681;
-          bool _out1682;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1683;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3839_value, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1680, out _out1681, out _out1682, out _out1683);
-          _3842_valueGen = _out1680;
-          _3843___v92 = _out1681;
-          _3844_valueErased = _out1682;
-          _3845_recIdents = _out1683;
-          if (_3844_valueErased) {
-            _3842_valueGen = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyUnerasable::<_>::unerase_owned"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _3842_valueGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          readIdents = _3845_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3846_valueTypeGen;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1684;
-          _out1684 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_3840_tpe, false, true);
-          _3846_valueTypeGen = _out1684;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3847_bodyGen;
-          bool _3848___v93;
-          bool _3849_bodyErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3850_bodyIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1685;
-          bool _out1686;
-          bool _out1687;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1688;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3838_iifeBody, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1685, out _out1686, out _out1687, out _out1688);
-          _3847_bodyGen = _out1685;
-          _3848___v93 = _out1686;
-          _3849_bodyErased = _out1687;
-          _3850_bodyIdents = _out1688;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_3850_bodyIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((_3841_name))));
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{\nlet "), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((_3841_name))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), _3846_valueTypeGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = ")), _3842_valueGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";\n")), _3847_bodyGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n}"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = _3849_bodyErased;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_Apply) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3851___mcc_h226 = _source48.dtor_expr;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3852___mcc_h227 = _source48.dtor_args;
-        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _3853_args = _3852___mcc_h227;
-        DAST._IExpression _3854_func = _3851___mcc_h226;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3855_funcString;
-          bool _3856___v94;
-          bool _3857_funcErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3858_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1689;
-          bool _out1690;
-          bool _out1691;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1692;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3854_func, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1689, out _out1690, out _out1691, out _out1692);
-          _3855_funcString = _out1689;
-          _3856___v94 = _out1690;
-          _3857_funcErased = _out1691;
-          _3858_recIdents = _out1692;
-          readIdents = _3858_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3859_argString;
-          _3859_argString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
-          BigInteger _3860_i;
-          _3860_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-          while ((_3860_i) < (new BigInteger((_3853_args).Count))) {
-            if ((_3860_i).Sign == 1) {
-              _3859_argString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3859_argString, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
-            }
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3861_argExpr;
-            bool _3862_isOwned;
-            bool _3863_argErased;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3864_argIdents;
-            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1693;
-            bool _out1694;
-            bool _out1695;
-            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1696;
-            DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr((_3853_args).Select(_3860_i), selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1693, out _out1694, out _out1695, out _out1696);
-            _3861_argExpr = _out1693;
-            _3862_isOwned = _out1694;
-            _3863_argErased = _out1695;
-            _3864_argIdents = _out1696;
-            if (_3862_isOwned) {
-              _3861_argExpr = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), _3861_argExpr);
-            }
-            _3859_argString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3859_argString, _3861_argExpr);
-            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _3864_argIdents);
-            _3860_i = (_3860_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), _3855_funcString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _3859_argString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("))"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = false;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_TypeTest) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3865___mcc_h228 = _source48.dtor_on;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3866___mcc_h229 = _source48.dtor_dType;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3867___mcc_h230 = _source48.dtor_variant;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3868_variant = _3867___mcc_h230;
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3869_dType = _3866___mcc_h229;
-        DAST._IExpression _3870_on = _3865___mcc_h228;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3871_exprGen;
-          bool _3872___v95;
-          bool _3873_exprErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3874_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1697;
-          bool _out1698;
-          bool _out1699;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1700;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3870_on, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1697, out _out1698, out _out1699, out _out1700);
-          _3871_exprGen = _out1697;
-          _3872___v95 = _out1698;
-          _3873_exprErased = _out1699;
-          _3874_recIdents = _out1700;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3875_dTypePath;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1701;
-          _out1701 = DCOMP.COMP.GenPath(_3869_dType);
-          _3875_dTypePath = _out1701;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("matches!("), _3871_exprGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".as_ref(), ")), _3875_dTypePath), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent(_3868_variant)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{ .. })"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = true;
-          readIdents = _3874_recIdents;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_InitializationValue) {
-        DAST._IType _3876___mcc_h231 = _source48.dtor_typ;
-        DAST._IType _3877_typ = _3876___mcc_h231;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3878_typString;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1702;
-          _out1702 = DCOMP.COMP.GenType(_3877_typ, false, false);
-          _3878_typString = _out1702;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _3878_typString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as std::default::Default>::default()"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = false;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_BoolBoundedPool) {
-        {
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("[false, true]");
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = true;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_SetBoundedPool) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3879___mcc_h232 = _source48.dtor_of;
-        DAST._IExpression _3880_of = _3879___mcc_h232;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3881_exprGen;
-          bool _3882___v96;
-          bool _3883_exprErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3884_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1703;
-          bool _out1704;
-          bool _out1705;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1706;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3880_of, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1703, out _out1704, out _out1705, out _out1706);
-          _3881_exprGen = _out1703;
-          _3882___v96 = _out1704;
-          _3883_exprErased = _out1705;
-          _3884_recIdents = _out1706;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3881_exprGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").iter()"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = _3883_exprErased;
-          readIdents = _3884_recIdents;
-        }
-      } else if (_source48.is_SeqBoundedPool) {
-        DAST._IExpression _3885___mcc_h233 = _source48.dtor_of;
-        bool _3886___mcc_h234 = _source48.dtor_includeDuplicates;
-        bool _3887_includeDuplicates = _3886___mcc_h234;
-        DAST._IExpression _3888_of = _3885___mcc_h233;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3889_exprGen;
-          bool _3890___v97;
-          bool _3891_exprErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3892_recIdents;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1707;
-          bool _out1708;
-          bool _out1709;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1710;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3888_of, selfIdent, @params, false, out _out1707, out _out1708, out _out1709, out _out1710);
-          _3889_exprGen = _out1707;
-          _3890___v97 = _out1708;
-          _3891_exprErased = _out1709;
-          _3892_recIdents = _out1710;
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _3889_exprGen), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").iter()"));
-          if (!(_3887_includeDuplicates)) {
-            s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::itertools::Itertools::unique("), s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = _3891_exprErased;
-          readIdents = _3892_recIdents;
-        }
-      } else {
-        DAST._IExpression _3893___mcc_h235 = _source48.dtor_lo;
-        DAST._IExpression _3894___mcc_h236 = _source48.dtor_hi;
-        DAST._IExpression _3895_hi = _3894___mcc_h236;
-        DAST._IExpression _3896_lo = _3893___mcc_h235;
-        {
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3897_loString;
-          bool _3898___v98;
-          bool _3899_loErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3900_recIdentsLo;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1711;
-          bool _out1712;
-          bool _out1713;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1714;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3896_lo, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1711, out _out1712, out _out1713, out _out1714);
-          _3897_loString = _out1711;
-          _3898___v98 = _out1712;
-          _3899_loErased = _out1713;
-          _3900_recIdentsLo = _out1714;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3901_hiString;
-          bool _3902___v99;
-          bool _3903_hiErased;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3904_recIdentsHi;
-          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out1715;
-          bool _out1716;
-          bool _out1717;
-          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1718;
-          DCOMP.COMP.GenExpr(_3895_hi, selfIdent, @params, true, out _out1715, out _out1716, out _out1717, out _out1718);
-          _3901_hiString = _out1715;
-          _3902___v99 = _out1716;
-          _3903_hiErased = _out1717;
-          _3904_recIdentsHi = _out1718;
-          if (!(_3899_loErased)) {
-            _3897_loString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3897_loString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          if (!(_3903_hiErased)) {
-            _3901_hiString = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyErasable::erase_owned("), _3901_hiString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          }
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::integer_range("), _3897_loString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")), _3901_hiString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
-          isOwned = true;
-          isErased = true;
-          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_3900_recIdentsLo, _3904_recIdentsHi);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Compile(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModule> p) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#![allow(warnings, unconditional_panic)]\n");
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#![allow(nonstandard_style)]\n"));
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("extern crate dafny_runtime;\n"));
-      BigInteger _3905_i;
-      _3905_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_3905_i) < (new BigInteger((p).Count))) {
-        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3906_generated = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-        RAST._IMod _3907_m;
-        RAST._IMod _out1719;
-        _out1719 = DCOMP.COMP.GenModule((p).Select(_3905_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements());
-        _3907_m = _out1719;
-        _3906_generated = (_3907_m)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
-        if ((_3905_i).Sign == 1) {
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"));
-        }
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, _3906_generated);
-        _3905_i = (_3905_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      return s;
-    }
-    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> EmitCallToMain(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> fullName) {
-      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\nfn main() {\n");
-      BigInteger _3908_i;
-      _3908_i = BigInteger.Zero;
-      while ((_3908_i) < (new BigInteger((fullName).Count))) {
-        if ((_3908_i).Sign == 1) {
-          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::"));
-        }
-        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((fullName).Select(_3908_i)));
-        _3908_i = (_3908_i) + (BigInteger.One);
-      }
-      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("();\n}"));
-      return s;
-    }
-  }
-} // end of namespace DCOMP
-
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/D2DPrettyPrinter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/D2DPrettyPrinter.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..eaf1d9b97eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/D2DPrettyPrinter.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace D2DPrettyPrinter {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> PrettyPrint(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModule> d)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+      Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers.WrapException.Throw();
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Not Implemented Yet");
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace D2DPrettyPrinter
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DAST.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DAST.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b9c3d448263
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DAST.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,8762 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace DAST {
+
+
+  public interface _IName {
+    bool is_Name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_dafny__name { get; }
+  }
+  public class Name : _IName {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _dafny__name;
+    public Name(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dafny__name) {
+      this._dafny__name = dafny__name;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DowncastClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this) {
+      return _this;
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Name;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._dafny__name, oth._dafny__name);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dafny__name));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Name.Name";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._dafny__name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> theDefault = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IName create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dafny__name) {
+      return new Name(dafny__name);
+    }
+    public static _IName create_Name(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dafny__name) {
+      return create(dafny__name);
+    }
+    public bool is_Name { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_dafny__name {
+      get {
+        return this._dafny__name;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IVarName {
+    bool is_VarName { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_dafny__name { get; }
+  }
+  public class VarName : _IVarName {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _dafny__name;
+    public VarName(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dafny__name) {
+      this._dafny__name = dafny__name;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DowncastClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this) {
+      return _this;
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.VarName;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._dafny__name, oth._dafny__name);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dafny__name));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.VarName.VarName";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._dafny__name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> theDefault = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IVarName create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dafny__name) {
+      return new VarName(dafny__name);
+    }
+    public static _IVarName create_VarName(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dafny__name) {
+      return create(dafny__name);
+    }
+    public bool is_VarName { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_dafny__name {
+      get {
+        return this._dafny__name;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IModule {
+    bool is_Module { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    bool dtor_requiresExterns { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem>> dtor_body { get; }
+    _IModule DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Module : _IModule {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _attributes;
+    public readonly bool _requiresExterns;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem>> _body;
+    public Module(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, bool requiresExterns, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem>> body) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+      this._requiresExterns = requiresExterns;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public _IModule DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModule dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Module(_name, _attributes, _requiresExterns, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Module;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && this._requiresExterns == oth._requiresExterns && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._requiresExterns));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Module.Module";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._requiresExterns);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IModule theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.Empty, false, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem>>.Default());
+    public static DAST._IModule Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModule> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModule>(DAST.Module.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModule> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IModule create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, bool requiresExterns, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem>> body) {
+      return new Module(name, attributes, requiresExterns, body);
+    }
+    public static _IModule create_Module(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, bool requiresExterns, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem>> body) {
+      return create(name, attributes, requiresExterns, body);
+    }
+    public bool is_Module { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_requiresExterns {
+      get {
+        return this._requiresExterns;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem>> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        return this._body;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IModuleItem {
+    bool is_Module { get; }
+    bool is_Class { get; }
+    bool is_Trait { get; }
+    bool is_Newtype { get; }
+    bool is_SynonymType { get; }
+    bool is_Datatype { get; }
+    DAST._IModule dtor_Module_a0 { get; }
+    DAST._IClass dtor_Class_a0 { get; }
+    DAST._ITrait dtor_Trait_a0 { get; }
+    DAST._INewtype dtor_Newtype_a0 { get; }
+    DAST._ISynonymType dtor_SynonymType_a0 { get; }
+    DAST._IDatatype dtor_Datatype_a0 { get; }
+    _IModuleItem DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name();
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes();
+  }
+  public abstract class ModuleItem : _IModuleItem {
+    public ModuleItem() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IModuleItem theDefault = create_Module(DAST.Module.Default());
+    public static DAST._IModuleItem Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModuleItem> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModuleItem>(DAST.ModuleItem.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IModuleItem> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IModuleItem create_Module(DAST._IModule _a0) {
+      return new ModuleItem_Module(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IModuleItem create_Class(DAST._IClass _a0) {
+      return new ModuleItem_Class(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IModuleItem create_Trait(DAST._ITrait _a0) {
+      return new ModuleItem_Trait(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IModuleItem create_Newtype(DAST._INewtype _a0) {
+      return new ModuleItem_Newtype(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IModuleItem create_SynonymType(DAST._ISynonymType _a0) {
+      return new ModuleItem_SynonymType(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IModuleItem create_Datatype(DAST._IDatatype _a0) {
+      return new ModuleItem_Datatype(_a0);
+    }
+    public bool is_Module { get { return this is ModuleItem_Module; } }
+    public bool is_Class { get { return this is ModuleItem_Class; } }
+    public bool is_Trait { get { return this is ModuleItem_Trait; } }
+    public bool is_Newtype { get { return this is ModuleItem_Newtype; } }
+    public bool is_SynonymType { get { return this is ModuleItem_SynonymType; } }
+    public bool is_Datatype { get { return this is ModuleItem_Datatype; } }
+    public DAST._IModule dtor_Module_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModuleItem_Module)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IClass dtor_Class_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModuleItem_Class)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._ITrait dtor_Trait_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModuleItem_Trait)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._INewtype dtor_Newtype_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModuleItem_Newtype)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._ISynonymType dtor_SynonymType_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModuleItem_SynonymType)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IDatatype dtor_Datatype_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModuleItem_Datatype)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IModuleItem DowncastClone();
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name() {
+      DAST._IModuleItem _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Module) {
+          DAST._IModule _0_m = _source0.dtor_Module_a0;
+          return (_0_m).dtor_name;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Class) {
+          DAST._IClass _1_m = _source0.dtor_Class_a0;
+          return (_1_m).dtor_name;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Trait) {
+          DAST._ITrait _2_m = _source0.dtor_Trait_a0;
+          return (_2_m).dtor_name;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Newtype) {
+          DAST._INewtype _3_m = _source0.dtor_Newtype_a0;
+          return (_3_m).dtor_name;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SynonymType) {
+          DAST._ISynonymType _4_m = _source0.dtor_SynonymType_a0;
+          return (_4_m).dtor_name;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        DAST._IDatatype _5_m = _source0.dtor_Datatype_a0;
+        return (_5_m).dtor_name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes() {
+      DAST._IModuleItem _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Module) {
+          DAST._IModule _0_m = _source0.dtor_Module_a0;
+          return (_0_m).dtor_attributes;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Class) {
+          DAST._IClass _1_m = _source0.dtor_Class_a0;
+          return (_1_m).dtor_attributes;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Trait) {
+          DAST._ITrait _2_m = _source0.dtor_Trait_a0;
+          return (_2_m).dtor_attributes;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Newtype) {
+          DAST._INewtype _3_m = _source0.dtor_Newtype_a0;
+          return (_3_m).dtor_attributes;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SynonymType) {
+          DAST._ISynonymType _4_m = _source0.dtor_SynonymType_a0;
+          return (_4_m).dtor_attributes;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        DAST._IDatatype _5_m = _source0.dtor_Datatype_a0;
+        return (_5_m).dtor_attributes;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModuleItem_Module : ModuleItem {
+    public readonly DAST._IModule _a0;
+    public ModuleItem_Module(DAST._IModule _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModuleItem_Module(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_Module;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.Module";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModuleItem_Class : ModuleItem {
+    public readonly DAST._IClass _a0;
+    public ModuleItem_Class(DAST._IClass _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModuleItem_Class(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_Class;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.Class";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModuleItem_Trait : ModuleItem {
+    public readonly DAST._ITrait _a0;
+    public ModuleItem_Trait(DAST._ITrait _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModuleItem_Trait(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_Trait;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.Trait";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModuleItem_Newtype : ModuleItem {
+    public readonly DAST._INewtype _a0;
+    public ModuleItem_Newtype(DAST._INewtype _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModuleItem_Newtype(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_Newtype;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.Newtype";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModuleItem_SynonymType : ModuleItem {
+    public readonly DAST._ISynonymType _a0;
+    public ModuleItem_SynonymType(DAST._ISynonymType _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModuleItem_SynonymType(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_SynonymType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.SynonymType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModuleItem_Datatype : ModuleItem {
+    public readonly DAST._IDatatype _a0;
+    public ModuleItem_Datatype(DAST._IDatatype _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IModuleItem DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModuleItem dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModuleItem_Datatype(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ModuleItem_Datatype;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ModuleItem.Datatype";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IType {
+    bool is_UserDefined { get; }
+    bool is_Tuple { get; }
+    bool is_Array { get; }
+    bool is_Seq { get; }
+    bool is_Set { get; }
+    bool is_Multiset { get; }
+    bool is_Map { get; }
+    bool is_SetBuilder { get; }
+    bool is_MapBuilder { get; }
+    bool is_Arrow { get; }
+    bool is_Primitive { get; }
+    bool is_Passthrough { get; }
+    bool is_TypeArg { get; }
+    bool is_Object { get; }
+    DAST._IResolvedType dtor_resolved { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_Tuple_a0 { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_element { get; }
+    BigInteger dtor_dims { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_key { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_value { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_args { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_result { get; }
+    DAST._IPrimitive dtor_Primitive_a0 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Passthrough_a0 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_TypeArg_a0 { get; }
+    _IType DowncastClone();
+    DAST._IType Replace(Dafny.IMap<DAST._IType,DAST._IType> mapping);
+  }
+  public abstract class Type : _IType {
+    public Type() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IType theDefault = create_UserDefined(DAST.ResolvedType.Default());
+    public static DAST._IType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IType>(DAST.Type.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IType create_UserDefined(DAST._IResolvedType resolved) {
+      return new Type_UserDefined(resolved);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Tuple(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _a0) {
+      return new Type_Tuple(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Array(DAST._IType element, BigInteger dims) {
+      return new Type_Array(element, dims);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Seq(DAST._IType element) {
+      return new Type_Seq(element);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Set(DAST._IType element) {
+      return new Type_Set(element);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Multiset(DAST._IType element) {
+      return new Type_Multiset(element);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Map(DAST._IType key, DAST._IType @value) {
+      return new Type_Map(key, @value);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_SetBuilder(DAST._IType element) {
+      return new Type_SetBuilder(element);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_MapBuilder(DAST._IType key, DAST._IType @value) {
+      return new Type_MapBuilder(key, @value);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Arrow(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> args, DAST._IType result) {
+      return new Type_Arrow(args, result);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Primitive(DAST._IPrimitive _a0) {
+      return new Type_Primitive(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Passthrough(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) {
+      return new Type_Passthrough(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_TypeArg(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) {
+      return new Type_TypeArg(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Object() {
+      return new Type_Object();
+    }
+    public bool is_UserDefined { get { return this is Type_UserDefined; } }
+    public bool is_Tuple { get { return this is Type_Tuple; } }
+    public bool is_Array { get { return this is Type_Array; } }
+    public bool is_Seq { get { return this is Type_Seq; } }
+    public bool is_Set { get { return this is Type_Set; } }
+    public bool is_Multiset { get { return this is Type_Multiset; } }
+    public bool is_Map { get { return this is Type_Map; } }
+    public bool is_SetBuilder { get { return this is Type_SetBuilder; } }
+    public bool is_MapBuilder { get { return this is Type_MapBuilder; } }
+    public bool is_Arrow { get { return this is Type_Arrow; } }
+    public bool is_Primitive { get { return this is Type_Primitive; } }
+    public bool is_Passthrough { get { return this is Type_Passthrough; } }
+    public bool is_TypeArg { get { return this is Type_TypeArg; } }
+    public bool is_Object { get { return this is Type_Object; } }
+    public DAST._IResolvedType dtor_resolved {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_UserDefined)d)._resolved;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_Tuple_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_Tuple)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_element {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Type_Array) { return ((Type_Array)d)._element; }
+        if (d is Type_Seq) { return ((Type_Seq)d)._element; }
+        if (d is Type_Set) { return ((Type_Set)d)._element; }
+        if (d is Type_Multiset) { return ((Type_Multiset)d)._element; }
+        return ((Type_SetBuilder)d)._element;
+      }
+    }
+    public BigInteger dtor_dims {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_Array)d)._dims;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_key {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Type_Map) { return ((Type_Map)d)._key; }
+        return ((Type_MapBuilder)d)._key;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_value {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Type_Map) { return ((Type_Map)d)._value; }
+        return ((Type_MapBuilder)d)._value;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_args {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_Arrow)d)._args;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_result {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_Arrow)d)._result;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IPrimitive dtor_Primitive_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_Primitive)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Passthrough_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_Passthrough)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_TypeArg_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_TypeArg)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IType DowncastClone();
+    public DAST._IType Replace(Dafny.IMap<DAST._IType,DAST._IType> mapping) {
+      if ((mapping).Contains(this)) {
+        return Dafny.Map<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>.Select(mapping,this);
+      } else {
+        DAST._IType _source0 = this;
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_UserDefined) {
+            DAST._IResolvedType _0_resolved = _source0.dtor_resolved;
+            return DAST.Type.create_UserDefined((_0_resolved).Replace(mapping));
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Tuple) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1_arguments = _source0.dtor_Tuple_a0;
+            return DAST.Type.create_Tuple(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<DAST._IType,DAST._IType>, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType>, Func<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>>>((_2_mapping, _3_arguments) => ((System.Func<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>)((_4_t) => {
+  return (_4_t).Replace(_2_mapping);
+})))(mapping, _1_arguments), _1_arguments));
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Array) {
+            DAST._IType _5_element = _source0.dtor_element;
+            BigInteger _6_dims = _source0.dtor_dims;
+            return DAST.Type.create_Array((_5_element).Replace(mapping), _6_dims);
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Seq) {
+            DAST._IType _7_element = _source0.dtor_element;
+            return DAST.Type.create_Seq((_7_element).Replace(mapping));
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Set) {
+            DAST._IType _8_element = _source0.dtor_element;
+            return DAST.Type.create_Set((_8_element).Replace(mapping));
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Multiset) {
+            DAST._IType _9_element = _source0.dtor_element;
+            return DAST.Type.create_Multiset((_9_element).Replace(mapping));
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Map) {
+            DAST._IType _10_key = _source0.dtor_key;
+            DAST._IType _11_value = _source0.dtor_value;
+            return DAST.Type.create_Map((_10_key).Replace(mapping), (_11_value).Replace(mapping));
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_SetBuilder) {
+            DAST._IType _12_element = _source0.dtor_element;
+            return DAST.Type.create_SetBuilder((_12_element).Replace(mapping));
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_MapBuilder) {
+            DAST._IType _13_key = _source0.dtor_key;
+            DAST._IType _14_value = _source0.dtor_value;
+            return DAST.Type.create_MapBuilder((_13_key).Replace(mapping), (_14_value).Replace(mapping));
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Arrow) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _15_args = _source0.dtor_args;
+            DAST._IType _16_result = _source0.dtor_result;
+            return DAST.Type.create_Arrow(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<DAST._IType,DAST._IType>, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType>, Func<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>>>((_17_mapping, _18_args) => ((System.Func<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>)((_19_t) => {
+  return (_19_t).Replace(_17_mapping);
+})))(mapping, _15_args), _15_args), (_16_result).Replace(mapping));
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          return this;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_UserDefined : Type {
+    public readonly DAST._IResolvedType _resolved;
+    public Type_UserDefined(DAST._IResolvedType resolved) : base() {
+      this._resolved = resolved;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_UserDefined(_resolved);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_UserDefined;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._resolved, oth._resolved);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._resolved));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.UserDefined";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._resolved);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Tuple : Type {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _a0;
+    public Type_Tuple(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Tuple(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Tuple;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.Tuple";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Array : Type {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _element;
+    public readonly BigInteger _dims;
+    public Type_Array(DAST._IType element, BigInteger dims) : base() {
+      this._element = element;
+      this._dims = dims;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Array(_element, _dims);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Array;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._element, oth._element) && this._dims == oth._dims;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._element));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dims));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.Array";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._element);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._dims);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Seq : Type {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _element;
+    public Type_Seq(DAST._IType element) : base() {
+      this._element = element;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Seq(_element);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Seq;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._element, oth._element);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._element));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.Seq";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._element);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Set : Type {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _element;
+    public Type_Set(DAST._IType element) : base() {
+      this._element = element;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Set(_element);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Set;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._element, oth._element);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._element));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.Set";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._element);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Multiset : Type {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _element;
+    public Type_Multiset(DAST._IType element) : base() {
+      this._element = element;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Multiset(_element);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Multiset;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._element, oth._element);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._element));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.Multiset";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._element);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Map : Type {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _key;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _value;
+    public Type_Map(DAST._IType key, DAST._IType @value) : base() {
+      this._key = key;
+      this._value = @value;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Map(_key, _value);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Map;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._key, oth._key) && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._key));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.Map";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._key);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_SetBuilder : Type {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _element;
+    public Type_SetBuilder(DAST._IType element) : base() {
+      this._element = element;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_SetBuilder(_element);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_SetBuilder;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._element, oth._element);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._element));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.SetBuilder";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._element);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_MapBuilder : Type {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _key;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _value;
+    public Type_MapBuilder(DAST._IType key, DAST._IType @value) : base() {
+      this._key = key;
+      this._value = @value;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_MapBuilder(_key, _value);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_MapBuilder;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._key, oth._key) && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._key));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.MapBuilder";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._key);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Arrow : Type {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _args;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _result;
+    public Type_Arrow(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> args, DAST._IType result) : base() {
+      this._args = args;
+      this._result = result;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Arrow(_args, _result);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Arrow;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args) && object.Equals(this._result, oth._result);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._result));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.Arrow";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._result);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Primitive : Type {
+    public readonly DAST._IPrimitive _a0;
+    public Type_Primitive(DAST._IPrimitive _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Primitive(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Primitive;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.Primitive";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Passthrough : Type {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
+    public Type_Passthrough(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Passthrough(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Passthrough;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.Passthrough";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_TypeArg : Type {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
+    public Type_TypeArg(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_TypeArg(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_TypeArg;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 12;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.TypeArg";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Object : Type {
+    public Type_Object() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Object();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Type_Object;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 13;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Type.Object";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IVariance {
+    bool is_Nonvariant { get; }
+    bool is_Covariant { get; }
+    bool is_Contravariant { get; }
+    _IVariance DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class Variance : _IVariance {
+    public Variance() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IVariance theDefault = create_Nonvariant();
+    public static DAST._IVariance Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IVariance> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IVariance>(DAST.Variance.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IVariance> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IVariance create_Nonvariant() {
+      return new Variance_Nonvariant();
+    }
+    public static _IVariance create_Covariant() {
+      return new Variance_Covariant();
+    }
+    public static _IVariance create_Contravariant() {
+      return new Variance_Contravariant();
+    }
+    public bool is_Nonvariant { get { return this is Variance_Nonvariant; } }
+    public bool is_Covariant { get { return this is Variance_Covariant; } }
+    public bool is_Contravariant { get { return this is Variance_Contravariant; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IVariance> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return Variance.create_Nonvariant();
+        yield return Variance.create_Covariant();
+        yield return Variance.create_Contravariant();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IVariance DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Variance_Nonvariant : Variance {
+    public Variance_Nonvariant() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IVariance DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IVariance dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Variance_Nonvariant();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Variance_Nonvariant;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Variance.Nonvariant";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Variance_Covariant : Variance {
+    public Variance_Covariant() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IVariance DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IVariance dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Variance_Covariant();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Variance_Covariant;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Variance.Covariant";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Variance_Contravariant : Variance {
+    public Variance_Contravariant() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IVariance DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IVariance dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Variance_Contravariant();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Variance_Contravariant;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Variance.Contravariant";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ITypeArgDecl {
+    bool is_TypeArgDecl { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgBound> dtor_bounds { get; }
+    DAST._IVariance dtor_variance { get; }
+    _ITypeArgDecl DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class TypeArgDecl : _ITypeArgDecl {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgBound> _bounds;
+    public readonly DAST._IVariance _variance;
+    public TypeArgDecl(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgBound> bounds, DAST._IVariance variance) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._bounds = bounds;
+      this._variance = variance;
+    }
+    public _ITypeArgDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ITypeArgDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new TypeArgDecl(_name, _bounds, _variance);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.TypeArgDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._bounds, oth._bounds) && object.Equals(this._variance, oth._variance);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._bounds));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._variance));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.TypeArgDecl.TypeArgDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._bounds);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._variance);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._ITypeArgDecl theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._ITypeArgBound>.Empty, DAST.Variance.Default());
+    public static DAST._ITypeArgDecl Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITypeArgDecl>(DAST.TypeArgDecl.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ITypeArgDecl create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgBound> bounds, DAST._IVariance variance) {
+      return new TypeArgDecl(name, bounds, variance);
+    }
+    public static _ITypeArgDecl create_TypeArgDecl(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgBound> bounds, DAST._IVariance variance) {
+      return create(name, bounds, variance);
+    }
+    public bool is_TypeArgDecl { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgBound> dtor_bounds {
+      get {
+        return this._bounds;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IVariance dtor_variance {
+      get {
+        return this._variance;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ITypeArgBound {
+    bool is_SupportsEquality { get; }
+    bool is_SupportsDefault { get; }
+    _ITypeArgBound DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class TypeArgBound : _ITypeArgBound {
+    public TypeArgBound() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._ITypeArgBound theDefault = create_SupportsEquality();
+    public static DAST._ITypeArgBound Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITypeArgBound> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITypeArgBound>(DAST.TypeArgBound.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITypeArgBound> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ITypeArgBound create_SupportsEquality() {
+      return new TypeArgBound_SupportsEquality();
+    }
+    public static _ITypeArgBound create_SupportsDefault() {
+      return new TypeArgBound_SupportsDefault();
+    }
+    public bool is_SupportsEquality { get { return this is TypeArgBound_SupportsEquality; } }
+    public bool is_SupportsDefault { get { return this is TypeArgBound_SupportsDefault; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_ITypeArgBound> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return TypeArgBound.create_SupportsEquality();
+        yield return TypeArgBound.create_SupportsDefault();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _ITypeArgBound DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class TypeArgBound_SupportsEquality : TypeArgBound {
+    public TypeArgBound_SupportsEquality() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ITypeArgBound DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ITypeArgBound dt) { return dt; }
+      return new TypeArgBound_SupportsEquality();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.TypeArgBound_SupportsEquality;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.TypeArgBound.SupportsEquality";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class TypeArgBound_SupportsDefault : TypeArgBound {
+    public TypeArgBound_SupportsDefault() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ITypeArgBound DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ITypeArgBound dt) { return dt; }
+      return new TypeArgBound_SupportsDefault();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.TypeArgBound_SupportsDefault;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.TypeArgBound.SupportsDefault";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IPrimitive {
+    bool is_Int { get; }
+    bool is_Real { get; }
+    bool is_String { get; }
+    bool is_Bool { get; }
+    bool is_Char { get; }
+    _IPrimitive DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class Primitive : _IPrimitive {
+    public Primitive() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IPrimitive theDefault = create_Int();
+    public static DAST._IPrimitive Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IPrimitive> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IPrimitive>(DAST.Primitive.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IPrimitive> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IPrimitive create_Int() {
+      return new Primitive_Int();
+    }
+    public static _IPrimitive create_Real() {
+      return new Primitive_Real();
+    }
+    public static _IPrimitive create_String() {
+      return new Primitive_String();
+    }
+    public static _IPrimitive create_Bool() {
+      return new Primitive_Bool();
+    }
+    public static _IPrimitive create_Char() {
+      return new Primitive_Char();
+    }
+    public bool is_Int { get { return this is Primitive_Int; } }
+    public bool is_Real { get { return this is Primitive_Real; } }
+    public bool is_String { get { return this is Primitive_String; } }
+    public bool is_Bool { get { return this is Primitive_Bool; } }
+    public bool is_Char { get { return this is Primitive_Char; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IPrimitive> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return Primitive.create_Int();
+        yield return Primitive.create_Real();
+        yield return Primitive.create_String();
+        yield return Primitive.create_Bool();
+        yield return Primitive.create_Char();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IPrimitive DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Primitive_Int : Primitive {
+    public Primitive_Int() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPrimitive DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPrimitive dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Primitive_Int();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Primitive_Int;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Primitive.Int";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Primitive_Real : Primitive {
+    public Primitive_Real() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPrimitive DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPrimitive dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Primitive_Real();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Primitive_Real;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Primitive.Real";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Primitive_String : Primitive {
+    public Primitive_String() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPrimitive DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPrimitive dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Primitive_String();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Primitive_String;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Primitive.String";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Primitive_Bool : Primitive {
+    public Primitive_Bool() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPrimitive DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPrimitive dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Primitive_Bool();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Primitive_Bool;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Primitive.Bool";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Primitive_Char : Primitive {
+    public Primitive_Char() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPrimitive DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPrimitive dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Primitive_Char();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Primitive_Char;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Primitive.Char";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _INewtypeRange {
+    bool is_U8 { get; }
+    bool is_I8 { get; }
+    bool is_U16 { get; }
+    bool is_I16 { get; }
+    bool is_U32 { get; }
+    bool is_I32 { get; }
+    bool is_U64 { get; }
+    bool is_I64 { get; }
+    bool is_U128 { get; }
+    bool is_I128 { get; }
+    bool is_BigInt { get; }
+    bool is_NoRange { get; }
+    _INewtypeRange DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class NewtypeRange : _INewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._INewtypeRange theDefault = create_U8();
+    public static DAST._INewtypeRange Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtypeRange> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtypeRange>(DAST.NewtypeRange.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtypeRange> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_U8() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_U8();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_I8() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_I8();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_U16() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_U16();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_I16() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_I16();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_U32() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_U32();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_I32() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_I32();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_U64() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_U64();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_I64() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_I64();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_U128() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_U128();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_I128() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_I128();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_BigInt() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_BigInt();
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeRange create_NoRange() {
+      return new NewtypeRange_NoRange();
+    }
+    public bool is_U8 { get { return this is NewtypeRange_U8; } }
+    public bool is_I8 { get { return this is NewtypeRange_I8; } }
+    public bool is_U16 { get { return this is NewtypeRange_U16; } }
+    public bool is_I16 { get { return this is NewtypeRange_I16; } }
+    public bool is_U32 { get { return this is NewtypeRange_U32; } }
+    public bool is_I32 { get { return this is NewtypeRange_I32; } }
+    public bool is_U64 { get { return this is NewtypeRange_U64; } }
+    public bool is_I64 { get { return this is NewtypeRange_I64; } }
+    public bool is_U128 { get { return this is NewtypeRange_U128; } }
+    public bool is_I128 { get { return this is NewtypeRange_I128; } }
+    public bool is_BigInt { get { return this is NewtypeRange_BigInt; } }
+    public bool is_NoRange { get { return this is NewtypeRange_NoRange; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_INewtypeRange> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_U8();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_I8();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_U16();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_I16();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_U32();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_I32();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_U64();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_I64();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_U128();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_I128();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_BigInt();
+        yield return NewtypeRange.create_NoRange();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _INewtypeRange DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_U8 : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_U8() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_U8();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_U8;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.U8";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_I8 : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_I8() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_I8();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_I8;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.I8";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_U16 : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_U16() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_U16();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_U16;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.U16";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_I16 : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_I16() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_I16();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_I16;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.I16";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_U32 : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_U32() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_U32();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_U32;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.U32";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_I32 : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_I32() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_I32();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_I32;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.I32";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_U64 : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_U64() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_U64();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_U64;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.U64";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_I64 : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_I64() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_I64();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_I64;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.I64";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_U128 : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_U128() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_U128();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_U128;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.U128";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_I128 : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_I128() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_I128();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_I128;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.I128";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_BigInt : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_BigInt() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_BigInt();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_BigInt;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.BigInt";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class NewtypeRange_NoRange : NewtypeRange {
+    public NewtypeRange_NoRange() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _INewtypeRange DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeRange dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeRange_NoRange();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeRange_NoRange;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeRange.NoRange";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IAttribute {
+    bool is_Attribute { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_args { get; }
+    _IAttribute DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Attribute : _IAttribute {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _args;
+    public Attribute(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> args) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._args = args;
+    }
+    public _IAttribute DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAttribute dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Attribute(_name, _args);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Attribute;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Attribute.Attribute";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IAttribute theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._IAttribute Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IAttribute> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IAttribute>(DAST.Attribute.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IAttribute> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IAttribute create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> args) {
+      return new Attribute(name, args);
+    }
+    public static _IAttribute create_Attribute(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> args) {
+      return create(name, args);
+    }
+    public bool is_Attribute { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_args {
+      get {
+        return this._args;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IDatatypeType {
+    bool is_DatatypeType { get; }
+    _IDatatypeType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class DatatypeType : _IDatatypeType {
+    public DatatypeType() {
+    }
+    public _IDatatypeType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IDatatypeType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new DatatypeType();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.DatatypeType;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.DatatypeType.DatatypeType";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IDatatypeType theDefault = create();
+    public static DAST._IDatatypeType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeType>(DAST.DatatypeType.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IDatatypeType create() {
+      return new DatatypeType();
+    }
+    public static _IDatatypeType create_DatatypeType() {
+      return create();
+    }
+    public bool is_DatatypeType { get { return true; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IDatatypeType> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return DatatypeType.create();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ITraitType {
+    bool is_TraitType { get; }
+    _ITraitType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class TraitType : _ITraitType {
+    public TraitType() {
+    }
+    public _ITraitType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ITraitType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new TraitType();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.TraitType;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.TraitType.TraitType";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._ITraitType theDefault = create();
+    public static DAST._ITraitType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITraitType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITraitType>(DAST.TraitType.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITraitType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ITraitType create() {
+      return new TraitType();
+    }
+    public static _ITraitType create_TraitType() {
+      return create();
+    }
+    public bool is_TraitType { get { return true; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_ITraitType> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return TraitType.create();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _INewtypeType {
+    bool is_NewtypeType { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_baseType { get; }
+    DAST._INewtypeRange dtor_range { get; }
+    bool dtor_erase { get; }
+    _INewtypeType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class NewtypeType : _INewtypeType {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _baseType;
+    public readonly DAST._INewtypeRange _range;
+    public readonly bool _erase;
+    public NewtypeType(DAST._IType baseType, DAST._INewtypeRange range, bool erase) {
+      this._baseType = baseType;
+      this._range = range;
+      this._erase = erase;
+    }
+    public _INewtypeType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeType(_baseType, _range, _erase);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._baseType, oth._baseType) && object.Equals(this._range, oth._range) && this._erase == oth._erase;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._baseType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._range));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._erase));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeType.NewtypeType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._baseType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._range);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._erase);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._INewtypeType theDefault = create(DAST.Type.Default(), DAST.NewtypeRange.Default(), false);
+    public static DAST._INewtypeType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtypeType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtypeType>(DAST.NewtypeType.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtypeType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeType create(DAST._IType baseType, DAST._INewtypeRange range, bool erase) {
+      return new NewtypeType(baseType, range, erase);
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeType create_NewtypeType(DAST._IType baseType, DAST._INewtypeRange range, bool erase) {
+      return create(baseType, range, erase);
+    }
+    public bool is_NewtypeType { get { return true; } }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_baseType {
+      get {
+        return this._baseType;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._INewtypeRange dtor_range {
+      get {
+        return this._range;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_erase {
+      get {
+        return this._erase;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IResolvedTypeBase {
+    bool is_Class { get; }
+    bool is_Datatype { get; }
+    bool is_Trait { get; }
+    bool is_Newtype { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IVariance> dtor_variances { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_baseType { get; }
+    DAST._INewtypeRange dtor_range { get; }
+    bool dtor_erase { get; }
+    _IResolvedTypeBase DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class ResolvedTypeBase : _IResolvedTypeBase {
+    public ResolvedTypeBase() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IResolvedTypeBase theDefault = create_Class();
+    public static DAST._IResolvedTypeBase Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IResolvedTypeBase> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IResolvedTypeBase>(DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IResolvedTypeBase> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IResolvedTypeBase create_Class() {
+      return new ResolvedTypeBase_Class();
+    }
+    public static _IResolvedTypeBase create_Datatype(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IVariance> variances) {
+      return new ResolvedTypeBase_Datatype(variances);
+    }
+    public static _IResolvedTypeBase create_Trait() {
+      return new ResolvedTypeBase_Trait();
+    }
+    public static _IResolvedTypeBase create_Newtype(DAST._IType baseType, DAST._INewtypeRange range, bool erase) {
+      return new ResolvedTypeBase_Newtype(baseType, range, erase);
+    }
+    public bool is_Class { get { return this is ResolvedTypeBase_Class; } }
+    public bool is_Datatype { get { return this is ResolvedTypeBase_Datatype; } }
+    public bool is_Trait { get { return this is ResolvedTypeBase_Trait; } }
+    public bool is_Newtype { get { return this is ResolvedTypeBase_Newtype; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IVariance> dtor_variances {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ResolvedTypeBase_Datatype)d)._variances;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_baseType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ResolvedTypeBase_Newtype)d)._baseType;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._INewtypeRange dtor_range {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ResolvedTypeBase_Newtype)d)._range;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_erase {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ResolvedTypeBase_Newtype)d)._erase;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IResolvedTypeBase DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class ResolvedTypeBase_Class : ResolvedTypeBase {
+    public ResolvedTypeBase_Class() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IResolvedTypeBase DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IResolvedTypeBase dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ResolvedTypeBase_Class();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ResolvedTypeBase_Class;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.Class";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ResolvedTypeBase_Datatype : ResolvedTypeBase {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IVariance> _variances;
+    public ResolvedTypeBase_Datatype(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IVariance> variances) : base() {
+      this._variances = variances;
+    }
+    public override _IResolvedTypeBase DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IResolvedTypeBase dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ResolvedTypeBase_Datatype(_variances);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ResolvedTypeBase_Datatype;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._variances, oth._variances);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._variances));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.Datatype";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._variances);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ResolvedTypeBase_Trait : ResolvedTypeBase {
+    public ResolvedTypeBase_Trait() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IResolvedTypeBase DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IResolvedTypeBase dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ResolvedTypeBase_Trait();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ResolvedTypeBase_Trait;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.Trait";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ResolvedTypeBase_Newtype : ResolvedTypeBase {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _baseType;
+    public readonly DAST._INewtypeRange _range;
+    public readonly bool _erase;
+    public ResolvedTypeBase_Newtype(DAST._IType baseType, DAST._INewtypeRange range, bool erase) : base() {
+      this._baseType = baseType;
+      this._range = range;
+      this._erase = erase;
+    }
+    public override _IResolvedTypeBase DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IResolvedTypeBase dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ResolvedTypeBase_Newtype(_baseType, _range, _erase);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ResolvedTypeBase_Newtype;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._baseType, oth._baseType) && object.Equals(this._range, oth._range) && this._erase == oth._erase;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._baseType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._range));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._erase));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.Newtype";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._baseType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._range);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._erase);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IResolvedType {
+    bool is_ResolvedType { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_path { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs { get; }
+    DAST._IResolvedTypeBase dtor_kind { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_properMethods { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_extendedTypes { get; }
+    _IResolvedType DowncastClone();
+    DAST._IResolvedType Replace(Dafny.IMap<DAST._IType,DAST._IType> mapping);
+  }
+  public class ResolvedType : _IResolvedType {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _path;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
+    public readonly DAST._IResolvedTypeBase _kind;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _attributes;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _properMethods;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _extendedTypes;
+    public ResolvedType(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, DAST._IResolvedTypeBase kind, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> properMethods, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> extendedTypes) {
+      this._path = path;
+      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
+      this._kind = kind;
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+      this._properMethods = properMethods;
+      this._extendedTypes = extendedTypes;
+    }
+    public _IResolvedType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IResolvedType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ResolvedType(_path, _typeArgs, _kind, _attributes, _properMethods, _extendedTypes);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ResolvedType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._path, oth._path) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs) && object.Equals(this._kind, oth._kind) && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && object.Equals(this._properMethods, oth._properMethods) && object.Equals(this._extendedTypes, oth._extendedTypes);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._path));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._kind));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._properMethods));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._extendedTypes));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ResolvedType.ResolvedType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._path);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._kind);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._properMethods);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._extendedTypes);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IResolvedType theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._IResolvedType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IResolvedType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IResolvedType>(DAST.ResolvedType.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IResolvedType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IResolvedType create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, DAST._IResolvedTypeBase kind, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> properMethods, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> extendedTypes) {
+      return new ResolvedType(path, typeArgs, kind, attributes, properMethods, extendedTypes);
+    }
+    public static _IResolvedType create_ResolvedType(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, DAST._IResolvedTypeBase kind, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> properMethods, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> extendedTypes) {
+      return create(path, typeArgs, kind, attributes, properMethods, extendedTypes);
+    }
+    public bool is_ResolvedType { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_path {
+      get {
+        return this._path;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs {
+      get {
+        return this._typeArgs;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IResolvedTypeBase dtor_kind {
+      get {
+        return this._kind;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_properMethods {
+      get {
+        return this._properMethods;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_extendedTypes {
+      get {
+        return this._extendedTypes;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IResolvedType Replace(Dafny.IMap<DAST._IType,DAST._IType> mapping) {
+      return DAST.ResolvedType.create((this).dtor_path, Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<DAST._IType,DAST._IType>, Func<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>>>((_0_mapping) => ((System.Func<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>)((_1_t) => {
+  return (_1_t).Replace(_0_mapping);
+})))(mapping), (this).dtor_typeArgs), ((System.Func<DAST._IResolvedTypeBase>)(() => {
+  DAST._IResolvedTypeBase _source0 = (this).dtor_kind;
+  {
+    if (_source0.is_Newtype) {
+      DAST._IType _2_baseType = _source0.dtor_baseType;
+      DAST._INewtypeRange _3_range = _source0.dtor_range;
+      bool _4_erase = _source0.dtor_erase;
+      return DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Newtype((_2_baseType).Replace(mapping), _3_range, _4_erase);
+    }
+  }
+  {
+    return (this).dtor_kind;
+  }
+}))(), (this).dtor_attributes, (this).dtor_properMethods, Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<DAST._IType,DAST._IType>, Func<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>>>((_5_mapping) => ((System.Func<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>)((_6_t) => {
+  return (_6_t).Replace(_5_mapping);
+})))(mapping), (this).dtor_extendedTypes));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IIdent {
+    bool is_Ident { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_id { get; }
+  }
+  public class Ident : _IIdent {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _id;
+    public Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> id) {
+      this._id = id;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DowncastClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this) {
+      return _this;
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Ident;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._id, oth._id);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._id));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Ident.Ident";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._id);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> theDefault = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IIdent create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> id) {
+      return new Ident(id);
+    }
+    public static _IIdent create_Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> id) {
+      return create(id);
+    }
+    public bool is_Ident { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_id {
+      get {
+        return this._id;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IClass {
+    bool is_Class { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_enclosingModule { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_superClasses { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> dtor_fields { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    _IClass DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Class : _IClass {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _enclosingModule;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _superClasses;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> _fields;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> _body;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _attributes;
+    public Class(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> superClasses, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> fields, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._enclosingModule = enclosingModule;
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._superClasses = superClasses;
+      this._fields = fields;
+      this._body = body;
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+    }
+    public _IClass DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IClass dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Class(_name, _enclosingModule, _typeParams, _superClasses, _fields, _body, _attributes);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Class;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._enclosingModule, oth._enclosingModule) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._superClasses, oth._superClasses) && object.Equals(this._fields, oth._fields) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body) && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._enclosingModule));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._superClasses));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fields));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Class.Class";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._enclosingModule);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._superClasses);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fields);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IClass theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IField>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IMethod>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._IClass Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IClass> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IClass>(DAST.Class.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IClass> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IClass create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> superClasses, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> fields, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new Class(name, enclosingModule, typeParams, superClasses, fields, body, attributes);
+    }
+    public static _IClass create_Class(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> superClasses, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> fields, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return create(name, enclosingModule, typeParams, superClasses, fields, body, attributes);
+    }
+    public bool is_Class { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_enclosingModule {
+      get {
+        return this._enclosingModule;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_superClasses {
+      get {
+        return this._superClasses;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IField> dtor_fields {
+      get {
+        return this._fields;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        return this._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ITrait {
+    bool is_Trait { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_parents { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    _ITrait DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Trait : _ITrait {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _parents;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> _body;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _attributes;
+    public Trait(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> parents, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._parents = parents;
+      this._body = body;
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+    }
+    public _ITrait DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ITrait dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Trait(_name, _typeParams, _parents, _body, _attributes);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Trait;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._parents, oth._parents) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body) && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._parents));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Trait.Trait";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._parents);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._ITrait theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IMethod>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._ITrait Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITrait> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITrait>(DAST.Trait.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ITrait> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ITrait create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> parents, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new Trait(name, typeParams, parents, body, attributes);
+    }
+    public static _ITrait create_Trait(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> parents, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return create(name, typeParams, parents, body, attributes);
+    }
+    public bool is_Trait { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_parents {
+      get {
+        return this._parents;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        return this._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IDatatype {
+    bool is_Datatype { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_enclosingModule { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> dtor_ctors { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body { get; }
+    bool dtor_isCo { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    _IDatatype DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Datatype : _IDatatype {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _enclosingModule;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> _ctors;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> _body;
+    public readonly bool _isCo;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _attributes;
+    public Datatype(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> ctors, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, bool isCo, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._enclosingModule = enclosingModule;
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._ctors = ctors;
+      this._body = body;
+      this._isCo = isCo;
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+    }
+    public _IDatatype DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IDatatype dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Datatype(_name, _enclosingModule, _typeParams, _ctors, _body, _isCo, _attributes);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Datatype;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._enclosingModule, oth._enclosingModule) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._ctors, oth._ctors) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body) && this._isCo == oth._isCo && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._enclosingModule));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._ctors));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isCo));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Datatype.Datatype";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._enclosingModule);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._ctors);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isCo);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IDatatype theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IMethod>.Empty, false, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._IDatatype Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatype> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatype>(DAST.Datatype.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatype> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IDatatype create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> ctors, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, bool isCo, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new Datatype(name, enclosingModule, typeParams, ctors, body, isCo, attributes);
+    }
+    public static _IDatatype create_Datatype(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> ctors, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, bool isCo, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return create(name, enclosingModule, typeParams, ctors, body, isCo, attributes);
+    }
+    public bool is_Datatype { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_enclosingModule {
+      get {
+        return this._enclosingModule;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> dtor_ctors {
+      get {
+        return this._ctors;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        return this._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_isCo {
+      get {
+        return this._isCo;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IDatatypeDtor {
+    bool is_DatatypeDtor { get; }
+    DAST._IFormal dtor_formal { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_callName { get; }
+    _IDatatypeDtor DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class DatatypeDtor : _IDatatypeDtor {
+    public readonly DAST._IFormal _formal;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _callName;
+    public DatatypeDtor(DAST._IFormal formal, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> callName) {
+      this._formal = formal;
+      this._callName = callName;
+    }
+    public _IDatatypeDtor DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IDatatypeDtor dt) { return dt; }
+      return new DatatypeDtor(_formal, _callName);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.DatatypeDtor;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._formal, oth._formal) && object.Equals(this._callName, oth._callName);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._formal));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._callName));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.DatatypeDtor.DatatypeDtor";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._formal);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._callName);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IDatatypeDtor theDefault = create(DAST.Formal.Default(), Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Default());
+    public static DAST._IDatatypeDtor Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeDtor> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeDtor>(DAST.DatatypeDtor.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeDtor> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IDatatypeDtor create(DAST._IFormal formal, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> callName) {
+      return new DatatypeDtor(formal, callName);
+    }
+    public static _IDatatypeDtor create_DatatypeDtor(DAST._IFormal formal, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> callName) {
+      return create(formal, callName);
+    }
+    public bool is_DatatypeDtor { get { return true; } }
+    public DAST._IFormal dtor_formal {
+      get {
+        return this._formal;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_callName {
+      get {
+        return this._callName;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IDatatypeCtor {
+    bool is_DatatypeCtor { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeDtor> dtor_args { get; }
+    bool dtor_hasAnyArgs { get; }
+    _IDatatypeCtor DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class DatatypeCtor : _IDatatypeCtor {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeDtor> _args;
+    public readonly bool _hasAnyArgs;
+    public DatatypeCtor(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeDtor> args, bool hasAnyArgs) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._args = args;
+      this._hasAnyArgs = hasAnyArgs;
+    }
+    public _IDatatypeCtor DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IDatatypeCtor dt) { return dt; }
+      return new DatatypeCtor(_name, _args, _hasAnyArgs);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.DatatypeCtor;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args) && this._hasAnyArgs == oth._hasAnyArgs;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._hasAnyArgs));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.DatatypeCtor.DatatypeCtor";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._hasAnyArgs);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IDatatypeCtor theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IDatatypeDtor>.Empty, false);
+    public static DAST._IDatatypeCtor Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeCtor>(DAST.DatatypeCtor.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IDatatypeCtor> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IDatatypeCtor create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeDtor> args, bool hasAnyArgs) {
+      return new DatatypeCtor(name, args, hasAnyArgs);
+    }
+    public static _IDatatypeCtor create_DatatypeCtor(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeDtor> args, bool hasAnyArgs) {
+      return create(name, args, hasAnyArgs);
+    }
+    public bool is_DatatypeCtor { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IDatatypeDtor> dtor_args {
+      get {
+        return this._args;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_hasAnyArgs {
+      get {
+        return this._hasAnyArgs;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _INewtype {
+    bool is_Newtype { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_base { get; }
+    DAST._INewtypeRange dtor_range { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._INewtypeConstraint> dtor_constraint { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_witnessStmts { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_witnessExpr { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    _INewtype DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Newtype : _INewtype {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _base;
+    public readonly DAST._INewtypeRange _range;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._INewtypeConstraint> _constraint;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _witnessStmts;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _witnessExpr;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _attributes;
+    public Newtype(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, DAST._IType @base, DAST._INewtypeRange range, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._INewtypeConstraint> constraint, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> witnessStmts, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> witnessExpr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._base = @base;
+      this._range = range;
+      this._constraint = constraint;
+      this._witnessStmts = witnessStmts;
+      this._witnessExpr = witnessExpr;
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+    }
+    public _INewtype DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtype dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Newtype(_name, _typeParams, _base, _range, _constraint, _witnessStmts, _witnessExpr, _attributes);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Newtype;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._base, oth._base) && object.Equals(this._range, oth._range) && object.Equals(this._constraint, oth._constraint) && object.Equals(this._witnessStmts, oth._witnessStmts) && object.Equals(this._witnessExpr, oth._witnessExpr) && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._base));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._range));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._constraint));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._witnessStmts));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._witnessExpr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Newtype.Newtype";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._base);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._range);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._constraint);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._witnessStmts);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._witnessExpr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._INewtype theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl>.Empty, DAST.Type.Default(), DAST.NewtypeRange.Default(), Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._INewtypeConstraint>.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IStatement>.Empty, Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IExpression>.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._INewtype Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtype> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtype>(DAST.Newtype.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtype> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _INewtype create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, DAST._IType @base, DAST._INewtypeRange range, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._INewtypeConstraint> constraint, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> witnessStmts, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> witnessExpr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new Newtype(name, typeParams, @base, range, constraint, witnessStmts, witnessExpr, attributes);
+    }
+    public static _INewtype create_Newtype(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, DAST._IType @base, DAST._INewtypeRange range, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._INewtypeConstraint> constraint, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> witnessStmts, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> witnessExpr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return create(name, typeParams, @base, range, constraint, witnessStmts, witnessExpr, attributes);
+    }
+    public bool is_Newtype { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_base {
+      get {
+        return this._base;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._INewtypeRange dtor_range {
+      get {
+        return this._range;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._INewtypeConstraint> dtor_constraint {
+      get {
+        return this._constraint;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_witnessStmts {
+      get {
+        return this._witnessStmts;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_witnessExpr {
+      get {
+        return this._witnessExpr;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _INewtypeConstraint {
+    bool is_NewtypeConstraint { get; }
+    DAST._IFormal dtor_variable { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_constraintStmts { get; }
+    _INewtypeConstraint DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class NewtypeConstraint : _INewtypeConstraint {
+    public readonly DAST._IFormal _variable;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _constraintStmts;
+    public NewtypeConstraint(DAST._IFormal variable, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> constraintStmts) {
+      this._variable = variable;
+      this._constraintStmts = constraintStmts;
+    }
+    public _INewtypeConstraint DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INewtypeConstraint dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NewtypeConstraint(_variable, _constraintStmts);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.NewtypeConstraint;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._variable, oth._variable) && object.Equals(this._constraintStmts, oth._constraintStmts);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._variable));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._constraintStmts));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.NewtypeConstraint.NewtypeConstraint";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._variable);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._constraintStmts);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._INewtypeConstraint theDefault = create(DAST.Formal.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IStatement>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._INewtypeConstraint Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtypeConstraint> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtypeConstraint>(DAST.NewtypeConstraint.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._INewtypeConstraint> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeConstraint create(DAST._IFormal variable, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> constraintStmts) {
+      return new NewtypeConstraint(variable, constraintStmts);
+    }
+    public static _INewtypeConstraint create_NewtypeConstraint(DAST._IFormal variable, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> constraintStmts) {
+      return create(variable, constraintStmts);
+    }
+    public bool is_NewtypeConstraint { get { return true; } }
+    public DAST._IFormal dtor_variable {
+      get {
+        return this._variable;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_constraintStmts {
+      get {
+        return this._constraintStmts;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ISynonymType {
+    bool is_SynonymType { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_base { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_witnessStmts { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_witnessExpr { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    _ISynonymType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class SynonymType : _ISynonymType {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _base;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _witnessStmts;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _witnessExpr;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _attributes;
+    public SynonymType(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, DAST._IType @base, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> witnessStmts, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> witnessExpr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._base = @base;
+      this._witnessStmts = witnessStmts;
+      this._witnessExpr = witnessExpr;
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+    }
+    public _ISynonymType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ISynonymType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new SynonymType(_name, _typeParams, _base, _witnessStmts, _witnessExpr, _attributes);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.SynonymType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._base, oth._base) && object.Equals(this._witnessStmts, oth._witnessStmts) && object.Equals(this._witnessExpr, oth._witnessExpr) && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._base));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._witnessStmts));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._witnessExpr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.SynonymType.SynonymType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._base);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._witnessStmts);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._witnessExpr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._ISynonymType theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl>.Empty, DAST.Type.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IStatement>.Empty, Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IExpression>.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._ISynonymType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ISynonymType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ISynonymType>(DAST.SynonymType.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ISynonymType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ISynonymType create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, DAST._IType @base, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> witnessStmts, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> witnessExpr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new SynonymType(name, typeParams, @base, witnessStmts, witnessExpr, attributes);
+    }
+    public static _ISynonymType create_SynonymType(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, DAST._IType @base, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> witnessStmts, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> witnessExpr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return create(name, typeParams, @base, witnessStmts, witnessExpr, attributes);
+    }
+    public bool is_SynonymType { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_base {
+      get {
+        return this._base;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_witnessStmts {
+      get {
+        return this._witnessStmts;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_witnessExpr {
+      get {
+        return this._witnessExpr;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IClassItem {
+    bool is_Method { get; }
+    DAST._IMethod dtor_Method_a0 { get; }
+  }
+  public class ClassItem : _IClassItem {
+    public readonly DAST._IMethod _a0;
+    public ClassItem(DAST._IMethod _a0) {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public static DAST._IMethod DowncastClone(DAST._IMethod _this) {
+      return _this;
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.ClassItem;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.ClassItem.Method";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IMethod theDefault = DAST.Method.Default();
+    public static DAST._IMethod Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod>(DAST.Method.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IClassItem create(DAST._IMethod _a0) {
+      return new ClassItem(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IClassItem create_Method(DAST._IMethod _a0) {
+      return create(_a0);
+    }
+    public bool is_Method { get { return true; } }
+    public DAST._IMethod dtor_Method_a0 {
+      get {
+        return this._a0;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IField {
+    bool is_Field { get; }
+    DAST._IFormal dtor_formal { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_defaultValue { get; }
+    _IField DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Field : _IField {
+    public readonly DAST._IFormal _formal;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _defaultValue;
+    public Field(DAST._IFormal formal, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> defaultValue) {
+      this._formal = formal;
+      this._defaultValue = defaultValue;
+    }
+    public _IField DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IField dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Field(_formal, _defaultValue);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Field;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._formal, oth._formal) && object.Equals(this._defaultValue, oth._defaultValue);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._formal));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._defaultValue));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Field.Field";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._formal);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._defaultValue);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IField theDefault = create(DAST.Formal.Default(), Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IExpression>.Default());
+    public static DAST._IField Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IField> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IField>(DAST.Field.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IField> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IField create(DAST._IFormal formal, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> defaultValue) {
+      return new Field(formal, defaultValue);
+    }
+    public static _IField create_Field(DAST._IFormal formal, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> defaultValue) {
+      return create(formal, defaultValue);
+    }
+    public bool is_Field { get { return true; } }
+    public DAST._IFormal dtor_formal {
+      get {
+        return this._formal;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_defaultValue {
+      get {
+        return this._defaultValue;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IFormal {
+    bool is_Formal { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_typ { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    _IFormal DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Formal : _IFormal {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _attributes;
+    public Formal(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._typ = typ;
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+    }
+    public _IFormal DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IFormal dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Formal(_name, _typ, _attributes);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Formal;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ) && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Formal.Formal";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IFormal theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, DAST.Type.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._IFormal Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IFormal> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IFormal>(DAST.Formal.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IFormal> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IFormal create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return new Formal(name, typ, attributes);
+    }
+    public static _IFormal create_Formal(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return create(name, typ, attributes);
+    }
+    public bool is_Formal { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_typ {
+      get {
+        return this._typ;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IMethod {
+    bool is_Method { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    bool dtor_isStatic { get; }
+    bool dtor_hasBody { get; }
+    bool dtor_outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign { get; }
+    bool dtor_wasFunction { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_overridingPath { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_params { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_outTypes { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_outVars { get; }
+    _IMethod DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Method : _IMethod {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _attributes;
+    public readonly bool _isStatic;
+    public readonly bool _hasBody;
+    public readonly bool _outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign;
+    public readonly bool _wasFunction;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _overridingPath;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _params;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _outTypes;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _outVars;
+    public Method(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, bool isStatic, bool hasBody, bool outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign, bool wasFunction, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> overridingPath, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> outTypes, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> outVars) {
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+      this._isStatic = isStatic;
+      this._hasBody = hasBody;
+      this._outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign = outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign;
+      this._wasFunction = wasFunction;
+      this._overridingPath = overridingPath;
+      this._name = name;
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._params = @params;
+      this._body = body;
+      this._outTypes = outTypes;
+      this._outVars = outVars;
+    }
+    public _IMethod DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IMethod dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Method(_attributes, _isStatic, _hasBody, _outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign, _wasFunction, _overridingPath, _name, _typeParams, _params, _body, _outTypes, _outVars);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Method;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && this._isStatic == oth._isStatic && this._hasBody == oth._hasBody && this._outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign == oth._outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign && this._wasFunction == oth._wasFunction && object.Equals(this._overridingPath, oth._overridingPath) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._params, oth._params) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body) && object.Equals(this._outTypes, oth._outTypes) && object.Equals(this._outVars, oth._outVars);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isStatic));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._hasBody));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._wasFunction));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._overridingPath));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._params));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._outTypes));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._outVars));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Method.Method";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isStatic);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._hasBody);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._wasFunction);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._overridingPath);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._params);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._outTypes);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._outVars);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IMethod theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.Empty, false, false, false, false, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IStatement>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>.Default());
+    public static DAST._IMethod Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod>(DAST.Method.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IMethod> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IMethod create(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, bool isStatic, bool hasBody, bool outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign, bool wasFunction, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> overridingPath, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> outTypes, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> outVars) {
+      return new Method(attributes, isStatic, hasBody, outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign, wasFunction, overridingPath, name, typeParams, @params, body, outTypes, outVars);
+    }
+    public static _IMethod create_Method(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, bool isStatic, bool hasBody, bool outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign, bool wasFunction, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> overridingPath, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> outTypes, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> outVars) {
+      return create(attributes, isStatic, hasBody, outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign, wasFunction, overridingPath, name, typeParams, @params, body, outTypes, outVars);
+    }
+    public bool is_Method { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_isStatic {
+      get {
+        return this._isStatic;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_hasBody {
+      get {
+        return this._hasBody;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign {
+      get {
+        return this._outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_wasFunction {
+      get {
+        return this._wasFunction;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_overridingPath {
+      get {
+        return this._overridingPath;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_params {
+      get {
+        return this._params;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        return this._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_outTypes {
+      get {
+        return this._outTypes;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_outVars {
+      get {
+        return this._outVars;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ICallSignature {
+    bool is_CallSignature { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_parameters { get; }
+  }
+  public class CallSignature : _ICallSignature {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _parameters;
+    public CallSignature(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> parameters) {
+      this._parameters = parameters;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> DowncastClone(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _this) {
+      return _this;
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.CallSignature;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._parameters, oth._parameters);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._parameters));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.CallSignature.CallSignature";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._parameters);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> theDefault = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.Empty;
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal>>(Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.Empty);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ICallSignature create(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> parameters) {
+      return new CallSignature(parameters);
+    }
+    public static _ICallSignature create_CallSignature(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> parameters) {
+      return create(parameters);
+    }
+    public bool is_CallSignature { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_parameters {
+      get {
+        return this._parameters;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ICallName {
+    bool is_CallName { get; }
+    bool is_MapBuilderAdd { get; }
+    bool is_MapBuilderBuild { get; }
+    bool is_SetBuilderAdd { get; }
+    bool is_SetBuilderBuild { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IType> dtor_onType { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IFormal> dtor_receiverArg { get; }
+    bool dtor_receiverAsArgument { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_signature { get; }
+    _ICallName DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class CallName : _ICallName {
+    public CallName() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._ICallName theDefault = create_CallName(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IType>.Default(), Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IFormal>.Default(), false, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._ICallName Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ICallName> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ICallName>(DAST.CallName.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ICallName> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ICallName create_CallName(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IType> onType, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IFormal> receiverArg, bool receiverAsArgument, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> signature) {
+      return new CallName_CallName(name, onType, receiverArg, receiverAsArgument, signature);
+    }
+    public static _ICallName create_MapBuilderAdd() {
+      return new CallName_MapBuilderAdd();
+    }
+    public static _ICallName create_MapBuilderBuild() {
+      return new CallName_MapBuilderBuild();
+    }
+    public static _ICallName create_SetBuilderAdd() {
+      return new CallName_SetBuilderAdd();
+    }
+    public static _ICallName create_SetBuilderBuild() {
+      return new CallName_SetBuilderBuild();
+    }
+    public bool is_CallName { get { return this is CallName_CallName; } }
+    public bool is_MapBuilderAdd { get { return this is CallName_MapBuilderAdd; } }
+    public bool is_MapBuilderBuild { get { return this is CallName_MapBuilderBuild; } }
+    public bool is_SetBuilderAdd { get { return this is CallName_SetBuilderAdd; } }
+    public bool is_SetBuilderBuild { get { return this is CallName_SetBuilderBuild; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((CallName_CallName)d)._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IType> dtor_onType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((CallName_CallName)d)._onType;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IFormal> dtor_receiverArg {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((CallName_CallName)d)._receiverArg;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_receiverAsArgument {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((CallName_CallName)d)._receiverAsArgument;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_signature {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((CallName_CallName)d)._signature;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _ICallName DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class CallName_CallName : CallName {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IType> _onType;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IFormal> _receiverArg;
+    public readonly bool _receiverAsArgument;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _signature;
+    public CallName_CallName(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IType> onType, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IFormal> receiverArg, bool receiverAsArgument, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> signature) : base() {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._onType = onType;
+      this._receiverArg = receiverArg;
+      this._receiverAsArgument = receiverAsArgument;
+      this._signature = signature;
+    }
+    public override _ICallName DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ICallName dt) { return dt; }
+      return new CallName_CallName(_name, _onType, _receiverArg, _receiverAsArgument, _signature);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.CallName_CallName;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._onType, oth._onType) && object.Equals(this._receiverArg, oth._receiverArg) && this._receiverAsArgument == oth._receiverAsArgument && object.Equals(this._signature, oth._signature);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._onType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._receiverArg));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._receiverAsArgument));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._signature));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.CallName.CallName";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._onType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._receiverArg);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._receiverAsArgument);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._signature);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class CallName_MapBuilderAdd : CallName {
+    public CallName_MapBuilderAdd() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ICallName DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ICallName dt) { return dt; }
+      return new CallName_MapBuilderAdd();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.CallName_MapBuilderAdd;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.CallName.MapBuilderAdd";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class CallName_MapBuilderBuild : CallName {
+    public CallName_MapBuilderBuild() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ICallName DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ICallName dt) { return dt; }
+      return new CallName_MapBuilderBuild();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.CallName_MapBuilderBuild;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.CallName.MapBuilderBuild";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class CallName_SetBuilderAdd : CallName {
+    public CallName_SetBuilderAdd() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ICallName DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ICallName dt) { return dt; }
+      return new CallName_SetBuilderAdd();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.CallName_SetBuilderAdd;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.CallName.SetBuilderAdd";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class CallName_SetBuilderBuild : CallName {
+    public CallName_SetBuilderBuild() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ICallName DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ICallName dt) { return dt; }
+      return new CallName_SetBuilderBuild();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.CallName_SetBuilderBuild;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.CallName.SetBuilderBuild";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IStatement {
+    bool is_DeclareVar { get; }
+    bool is_Assign { get; }
+    bool is_If { get; }
+    bool is_Labeled { get; }
+    bool is_While { get; }
+    bool is_Foreach { get; }
+    bool is_Call { get; }
+    bool is_Return { get; }
+    bool is_EarlyReturn { get; }
+    bool is_Break { get; }
+    bool is_TailRecursive { get; }
+    bool is_JumpTailCallStart { get; }
+    bool is_Halt { get; }
+    bool is_Print { get; }
+    bool is_ConstructorNewSeparator { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_typ { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_maybeValue { get; }
+    DAST._IAssignLhs dtor_lhs { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_value { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_cond { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_thn { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_els { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_lbl { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_boundName { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_boundType { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_over { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_on { get; }
+    DAST._ICallName dtor_callName { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_args { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_outs { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_expr { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_toLabel { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_Print_a0 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_fields { get; }
+    _IStatement DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class Statement : _IStatement {
+    public Statement() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IStatement theDefault = create_DeclareVar(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, DAST.Type.Default(), Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IExpression>.Default());
+    public static DAST._IStatement Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IStatement> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IStatement>(DAST.Statement.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IStatement> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_DeclareVar(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> maybeValue) {
+      return new Statement_DeclareVar(name, typ, maybeValue);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_Assign(DAST._IAssignLhs lhs, DAST._IExpression @value) {
+      return new Statement_Assign(lhs, @value);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_If(DAST._IExpression cond, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> thn, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> els) {
+      return new Statement_If(cond, thn, els);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_Labeled(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> lbl, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) {
+      return new Statement_Labeled(lbl, body);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_While(DAST._IExpression cond, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) {
+      return new Statement_While(cond, body);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_Foreach(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> boundName, DAST._IType boundType, DAST._IExpression over, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) {
+      return new Statement_Foreach(boundName, boundType, over, body);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_Call(DAST._IExpression @on, DAST._ICallName callName, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> outs) {
+      return new Statement_Call(@on, callName, typeArgs, args, outs);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_Return(DAST._IExpression expr) {
+      return new Statement_Return(expr);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_EarlyReturn() {
+      return new Statement_EarlyReturn();
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_Break(Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> toLabel) {
+      return new Statement_Break(toLabel);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_TailRecursive(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) {
+      return new Statement_TailRecursive(body);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_JumpTailCallStart() {
+      return new Statement_JumpTailCallStart();
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_Halt() {
+      return new Statement_Halt();
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_Print(DAST._IExpression _a0) {
+      return new Statement_Print(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IStatement create_ConstructorNewSeparator(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> fields) {
+      return new Statement_ConstructorNewSeparator(fields);
+    }
+    public bool is_DeclareVar { get { return this is Statement_DeclareVar; } }
+    public bool is_Assign { get { return this is Statement_Assign; } }
+    public bool is_If { get { return this is Statement_If; } }
+    public bool is_Labeled { get { return this is Statement_Labeled; } }
+    public bool is_While { get { return this is Statement_While; } }
+    public bool is_Foreach { get { return this is Statement_Foreach; } }
+    public bool is_Call { get { return this is Statement_Call; } }
+    public bool is_Return { get { return this is Statement_Return; } }
+    public bool is_EarlyReturn { get { return this is Statement_EarlyReturn; } }
+    public bool is_Break { get { return this is Statement_Break; } }
+    public bool is_TailRecursive { get { return this is Statement_TailRecursive; } }
+    public bool is_JumpTailCallStart { get { return this is Statement_JumpTailCallStart; } }
+    public bool is_Halt { get { return this is Statement_Halt; } }
+    public bool is_Print { get { return this is Statement_Print; } }
+    public bool is_ConstructorNewSeparator { get { return this is Statement_ConstructorNewSeparator; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_DeclareVar)d)._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_typ {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_DeclareVar)d)._typ;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_maybeValue {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_DeclareVar)d)._maybeValue;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IAssignLhs dtor_lhs {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Assign)d)._lhs;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_value {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Assign)d)._value;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_cond {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Statement_If) { return ((Statement_If)d)._cond; }
+        return ((Statement_While)d)._cond;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_thn {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_If)d)._thn;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_els {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_If)d)._els;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_lbl {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Labeled)d)._lbl;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Statement_Labeled) { return ((Statement_Labeled)d)._body; }
+        if (d is Statement_While) { return ((Statement_While)d)._body; }
+        if (d is Statement_Foreach) { return ((Statement_Foreach)d)._body; }
+        return ((Statement_TailRecursive)d)._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_boundName {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Foreach)d)._boundName;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_boundType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Foreach)d)._boundType;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_over {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Foreach)d)._over;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_on {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Call)d)._on;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._ICallName dtor_callName {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Call)d)._callName;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Call)d)._typeArgs;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_args {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Call)d)._args;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> dtor_outs {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Call)d)._outs;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_expr {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Return)d)._expr;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_toLabel {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Break)d)._toLabel;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_Print_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_Print)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_fields {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Statement_ConstructorNewSeparator)d)._fields;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IStatement DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Statement_DeclareVar : Statement {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _maybeValue;
+    public Statement_DeclareVar(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, DAST._IType typ, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> maybeValue) : base() {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._typ = typ;
+      this._maybeValue = maybeValue;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_DeclareVar(_name, _typ, _maybeValue);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_DeclareVar;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ) && object.Equals(this._maybeValue, oth._maybeValue);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._maybeValue));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.DeclareVar";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._maybeValue);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_Assign : Statement {
+    public readonly DAST._IAssignLhs _lhs;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _value;
+    public Statement_Assign(DAST._IAssignLhs lhs, DAST._IExpression @value) : base() {
+      this._lhs = lhs;
+      this._value = @value;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_Assign(_lhs, _value);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Assign;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._lhs, oth._lhs) && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._lhs));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.Assign";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._lhs);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_If : Statement {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _cond;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _thn;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _els;
+    public Statement_If(DAST._IExpression cond, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> thn, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> els) : base() {
+      this._cond = cond;
+      this._thn = thn;
+      this._els = els;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_If(_cond, _thn, _els);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_If;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._cond, oth._cond) && object.Equals(this._thn, oth._thn) && object.Equals(this._els, oth._els);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._cond));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._thn));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._els));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.If";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._cond);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._thn);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._els);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_Labeled : Statement {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _lbl;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
+    public Statement_Labeled(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> lbl, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) : base() {
+      this._lbl = lbl;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_Labeled(_lbl, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Labeled;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._lbl, oth._lbl) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._lbl));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.Labeled";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._lbl.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_While : Statement {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _cond;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
+    public Statement_While(DAST._IExpression cond, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) : base() {
+      this._cond = cond;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_While(_cond, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_While;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._cond, oth._cond) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._cond));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.While";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._cond);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_Foreach : Statement {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _boundName;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _boundType;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _over;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
+    public Statement_Foreach(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> boundName, DAST._IType boundType, DAST._IExpression over, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) : base() {
+      this._boundName = boundName;
+      this._boundType = boundType;
+      this._over = over;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_Foreach(_boundName, _boundType, _over, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Foreach;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._boundName, oth._boundName) && object.Equals(this._boundType, oth._boundType) && object.Equals(this._over, oth._over) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._boundName));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._boundType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._over));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.Foreach";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._boundName);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._boundType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._over);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_Call : Statement {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _on;
+    public readonly DAST._ICallName _callName;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _args;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _outs;
+    public Statement_Call(DAST._IExpression @on, DAST._ICallName callName, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> outs) : base() {
+      this._on = @on;
+      this._callName = callName;
+      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
+      this._args = args;
+      this._outs = outs;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_Call(_on, _callName, _typeArgs, _args, _outs);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Call;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._on, oth._on) && object.Equals(this._callName, oth._callName) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args) && object.Equals(this._outs, oth._outs);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._on));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._callName));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._outs));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.Call";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._on);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._callName);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._outs);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_Return : Statement {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public Statement_Return(DAST._IExpression expr) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_Return(_expr);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Return;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.Return";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_EarlyReturn : Statement {
+    public Statement_EarlyReturn() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_EarlyReturn();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_EarlyReturn;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.EarlyReturn";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_Break : Statement {
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _toLabel;
+    public Statement_Break(Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> toLabel) : base() {
+      this._toLabel = toLabel;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_Break(_toLabel);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Break;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._toLabel, oth._toLabel);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._toLabel));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.Break";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._toLabel);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_TailRecursive : Statement {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
+    public Statement_TailRecursive(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) : base() {
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_TailRecursive(_body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_TailRecursive;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.TailRecursive";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_JumpTailCallStart : Statement {
+    public Statement_JumpTailCallStart() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_JumpTailCallStart();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_JumpTailCallStart;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.JumpTailCallStart";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_Halt : Statement {
+    public Statement_Halt() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_Halt();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Halt;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 12;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.Halt";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_Print : Statement {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _a0;
+    public Statement_Print(DAST._IExpression _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_Print(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_Print;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 13;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.Print";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Statement_ConstructorNewSeparator : Statement {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _fields;
+    public Statement_ConstructorNewSeparator(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> fields) : base() {
+      this._fields = fields;
+    }
+    public override _IStatement DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStatement dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Statement_ConstructorNewSeparator(_fields);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Statement_ConstructorNewSeparator;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._fields, oth._fields);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 14;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fields));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Statement.ConstructorNewSeparator";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fields);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IAssignLhs {
+    bool is_Ident { get; }
+    bool is_Select { get; }
+    bool is_Index { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_ident { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_expr { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_field { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_indices { get; }
+    _IAssignLhs DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class AssignLhs : _IAssignLhs {
+    public AssignLhs() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IAssignLhs theDefault = create_Ident(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static DAST._IAssignLhs Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IAssignLhs> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IAssignLhs>(DAST.AssignLhs.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IAssignLhs> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IAssignLhs create_Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ident) {
+      return new AssignLhs_Ident(ident);
+    }
+    public static _IAssignLhs create_Select(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field) {
+      return new AssignLhs_Select(expr, field);
+    }
+    public static _IAssignLhs create_Index(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> indices) {
+      return new AssignLhs_Index(expr, indices);
+    }
+    public bool is_Ident { get { return this is AssignLhs_Ident; } }
+    public bool is_Select { get { return this is AssignLhs_Select; } }
+    public bool is_Index { get { return this is AssignLhs_Index; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_ident {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((AssignLhs_Ident)d)._ident;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_expr {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is AssignLhs_Select) { return ((AssignLhs_Select)d)._expr; }
+        return ((AssignLhs_Index)d)._expr;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_field {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((AssignLhs_Select)d)._field;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_indices {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((AssignLhs_Index)d)._indices;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IAssignLhs DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class AssignLhs_Ident : AssignLhs {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ident;
+    public AssignLhs_Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ident) : base() {
+      this._ident = ident;
+    }
+    public override _IAssignLhs DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssignLhs dt) { return dt; }
+      return new AssignLhs_Ident(_ident);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.AssignLhs_Ident;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._ident, oth._ident);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._ident));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.AssignLhs.Ident";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._ident);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class AssignLhs_Select : AssignLhs {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _field;
+    public AssignLhs_Select(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._field = field;
+    }
+    public override _IAssignLhs DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssignLhs dt) { return dt; }
+      return new AssignLhs_Select(_expr, _field);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.AssignLhs_Select;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._field, oth._field);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._field));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.AssignLhs.Select";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._field);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class AssignLhs_Index : AssignLhs {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _indices;
+    public AssignLhs_Index(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> indices) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._indices = indices;
+    }
+    public override _IAssignLhs DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssignLhs dt) { return dt; }
+      return new AssignLhs_Index(_expr, _indices);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.AssignLhs_Index;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._indices, oth._indices);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._indices));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.AssignLhs.Index";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._indices);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ICollKind {
+    bool is_Seq { get; }
+    bool is_Array { get; }
+    bool is_Map { get; }
+    _ICollKind DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class CollKind : _ICollKind {
+    public CollKind() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._ICollKind theDefault = create_Seq();
+    public static DAST._ICollKind Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ICollKind> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ICollKind>(DAST.CollKind.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ICollKind> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ICollKind create_Seq() {
+      return new CollKind_Seq();
+    }
+    public static _ICollKind create_Array() {
+      return new CollKind_Array();
+    }
+    public static _ICollKind create_Map() {
+      return new CollKind_Map();
+    }
+    public bool is_Seq { get { return this is CollKind_Seq; } }
+    public bool is_Array { get { return this is CollKind_Array; } }
+    public bool is_Map { get { return this is CollKind_Map; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_ICollKind> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return CollKind.create_Seq();
+        yield return CollKind.create_Array();
+        yield return CollKind.create_Map();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _ICollKind DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class CollKind_Seq : CollKind {
+    public CollKind_Seq() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ICollKind DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ICollKind dt) { return dt; }
+      return new CollKind_Seq();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.CollKind_Seq;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.CollKind.Seq";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class CollKind_Array : CollKind {
+    public CollKind_Array() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ICollKind DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ICollKind dt) { return dt; }
+      return new CollKind_Array();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.CollKind_Array;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.CollKind.Array";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class CollKind_Map : CollKind {
+    public CollKind_Map() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ICollKind DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ICollKind dt) { return dt; }
+      return new CollKind_Map();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.CollKind_Map;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.CollKind.Map";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IBinOp {
+    bool is_Eq { get; }
+    bool is_Div { get; }
+    bool is_EuclidianDiv { get; }
+    bool is_Mod { get; }
+    bool is_EuclidianMod { get; }
+    bool is_Lt { get; }
+    bool is_LtChar { get; }
+    bool is_Plus { get; }
+    bool is_Minus { get; }
+    bool is_Times { get; }
+    bool is_BitwiseAnd { get; }
+    bool is_BitwiseOr { get; }
+    bool is_BitwiseXor { get; }
+    bool is_BitwiseShiftRight { get; }
+    bool is_BitwiseShiftLeft { get; }
+    bool is_And { get; }
+    bool is_Or { get; }
+    bool is_In { get; }
+    bool is_SeqProperPrefix { get; }
+    bool is_SeqPrefix { get; }
+    bool is_SetMerge { get; }
+    bool is_SetSubtraction { get; }
+    bool is_SetIntersection { get; }
+    bool is_Subset { get; }
+    bool is_ProperSubset { get; }
+    bool is_SetDisjoint { get; }
+    bool is_MapMerge { get; }
+    bool is_MapSubtraction { get; }
+    bool is_MultisetMerge { get; }
+    bool is_MultisetSubtraction { get; }
+    bool is_MultisetIntersection { get; }
+    bool is_Submultiset { get; }
+    bool is_ProperSubmultiset { get; }
+    bool is_MultisetDisjoint { get; }
+    bool is_Concat { get; }
+    bool is_Passthrough { get; }
+    bool dtor_referential { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Passthrough_a0 { get; }
+    _IBinOp DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class BinOp : _IBinOp {
+    public BinOp() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IBinOp theDefault = create_Eq(false);
+    public static DAST._IBinOp Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IBinOp> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IBinOp>(DAST.BinOp.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IBinOp> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Eq(bool referential) {
+      return new BinOp_Eq(referential);
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Div() {
+      return new BinOp_Div();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_EuclidianDiv() {
+      return new BinOp_EuclidianDiv();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Mod() {
+      return new BinOp_Mod();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_EuclidianMod() {
+      return new BinOp_EuclidianMod();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Lt() {
+      return new BinOp_Lt();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_LtChar() {
+      return new BinOp_LtChar();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Plus() {
+      return new BinOp_Plus();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Minus() {
+      return new BinOp_Minus();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Times() {
+      return new BinOp_Times();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_BitwiseAnd() {
+      return new BinOp_BitwiseAnd();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_BitwiseOr() {
+      return new BinOp_BitwiseOr();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_BitwiseXor() {
+      return new BinOp_BitwiseXor();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_BitwiseShiftRight() {
+      return new BinOp_BitwiseShiftRight();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_BitwiseShiftLeft() {
+      return new BinOp_BitwiseShiftLeft();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_And() {
+      return new BinOp_And();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Or() {
+      return new BinOp_Or();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_In() {
+      return new BinOp_In();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_SeqProperPrefix() {
+      return new BinOp_SeqProperPrefix();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_SeqPrefix() {
+      return new BinOp_SeqPrefix();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_SetMerge() {
+      return new BinOp_SetMerge();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_SetSubtraction() {
+      return new BinOp_SetSubtraction();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_SetIntersection() {
+      return new BinOp_SetIntersection();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Subset() {
+      return new BinOp_Subset();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_ProperSubset() {
+      return new BinOp_ProperSubset();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_SetDisjoint() {
+      return new BinOp_SetDisjoint();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_MapMerge() {
+      return new BinOp_MapMerge();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_MapSubtraction() {
+      return new BinOp_MapSubtraction();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_MultisetMerge() {
+      return new BinOp_MultisetMerge();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_MultisetSubtraction() {
+      return new BinOp_MultisetSubtraction();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_MultisetIntersection() {
+      return new BinOp_MultisetIntersection();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Submultiset() {
+      return new BinOp_Submultiset();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_ProperSubmultiset() {
+      return new BinOp_ProperSubmultiset();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_MultisetDisjoint() {
+      return new BinOp_MultisetDisjoint();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Concat() {
+      return new BinOp_Concat();
+    }
+    public static _IBinOp create_Passthrough(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) {
+      return new BinOp_Passthrough(_a0);
+    }
+    public bool is_Eq { get { return this is BinOp_Eq; } }
+    public bool is_Div { get { return this is BinOp_Div; } }
+    public bool is_EuclidianDiv { get { return this is BinOp_EuclidianDiv; } }
+    public bool is_Mod { get { return this is BinOp_Mod; } }
+    public bool is_EuclidianMod { get { return this is BinOp_EuclidianMod; } }
+    public bool is_Lt { get { return this is BinOp_Lt; } }
+    public bool is_LtChar { get { return this is BinOp_LtChar; } }
+    public bool is_Plus { get { return this is BinOp_Plus; } }
+    public bool is_Minus { get { return this is BinOp_Minus; } }
+    public bool is_Times { get { return this is BinOp_Times; } }
+    public bool is_BitwiseAnd { get { return this is BinOp_BitwiseAnd; } }
+    public bool is_BitwiseOr { get { return this is BinOp_BitwiseOr; } }
+    public bool is_BitwiseXor { get { return this is BinOp_BitwiseXor; } }
+    public bool is_BitwiseShiftRight { get { return this is BinOp_BitwiseShiftRight; } }
+    public bool is_BitwiseShiftLeft { get { return this is BinOp_BitwiseShiftLeft; } }
+    public bool is_And { get { return this is BinOp_And; } }
+    public bool is_Or { get { return this is BinOp_Or; } }
+    public bool is_In { get { return this is BinOp_In; } }
+    public bool is_SeqProperPrefix { get { return this is BinOp_SeqProperPrefix; } }
+    public bool is_SeqPrefix { get { return this is BinOp_SeqPrefix; } }
+    public bool is_SetMerge { get { return this is BinOp_SetMerge; } }
+    public bool is_SetSubtraction { get { return this is BinOp_SetSubtraction; } }
+    public bool is_SetIntersection { get { return this is BinOp_SetIntersection; } }
+    public bool is_Subset { get { return this is BinOp_Subset; } }
+    public bool is_ProperSubset { get { return this is BinOp_ProperSubset; } }
+    public bool is_SetDisjoint { get { return this is BinOp_SetDisjoint; } }
+    public bool is_MapMerge { get { return this is BinOp_MapMerge; } }
+    public bool is_MapSubtraction { get { return this is BinOp_MapSubtraction; } }
+    public bool is_MultisetMerge { get { return this is BinOp_MultisetMerge; } }
+    public bool is_MultisetSubtraction { get { return this is BinOp_MultisetSubtraction; } }
+    public bool is_MultisetIntersection { get { return this is BinOp_MultisetIntersection; } }
+    public bool is_Submultiset { get { return this is BinOp_Submultiset; } }
+    public bool is_ProperSubmultiset { get { return this is BinOp_ProperSubmultiset; } }
+    public bool is_MultisetDisjoint { get { return this is BinOp_MultisetDisjoint; } }
+    public bool is_Concat { get { return this is BinOp_Concat; } }
+    public bool is_Passthrough { get { return this is BinOp_Passthrough; } }
+    public bool dtor_referential {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((BinOp_Eq)d)._referential;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_Passthrough_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((BinOp_Passthrough)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IBinOp DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Eq : BinOp {
+    public readonly bool _referential;
+    public BinOp_Eq(bool referential) : base() {
+      this._referential = referential;
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Eq(_referential);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Eq;
+      return oth != null && this._referential == oth._referential;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._referential));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Eq";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._referential);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Div : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_Div() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Div();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Div;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Div";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_EuclidianDiv : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_EuclidianDiv() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_EuclidianDiv();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_EuclidianDiv;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.EuclidianDiv";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Mod : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_Mod() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Mod();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Mod;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Mod";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_EuclidianMod : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_EuclidianMod() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_EuclidianMod();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_EuclidianMod;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.EuclidianMod";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Lt : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_Lt() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Lt();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Lt;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Lt";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_LtChar : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_LtChar() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_LtChar();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_LtChar;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.LtChar";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Plus : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_Plus() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Plus();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Plus;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Plus";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Minus : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_Minus() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Minus();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Minus;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Minus";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Times : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_Times() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Times();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Times;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Times";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_BitwiseAnd : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_BitwiseAnd() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_BitwiseAnd();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_BitwiseAnd;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.BitwiseAnd";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_BitwiseOr : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_BitwiseOr() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_BitwiseOr();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_BitwiseOr;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.BitwiseOr";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_BitwiseXor : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_BitwiseXor() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_BitwiseXor();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_BitwiseXor;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 12;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.BitwiseXor";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_BitwiseShiftRight : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_BitwiseShiftRight() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_BitwiseShiftRight();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_BitwiseShiftRight;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 13;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.BitwiseShiftRight";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_BitwiseShiftLeft : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_BitwiseShiftLeft() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_BitwiseShiftLeft();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_BitwiseShiftLeft;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 14;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.BitwiseShiftLeft";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_And : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_And() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_And();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_And;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 15;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.And";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Or : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_Or() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Or();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Or;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 16;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Or";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_In : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_In() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_In();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_In;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 17;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.In";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_SeqProperPrefix : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_SeqProperPrefix() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_SeqProperPrefix();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_SeqProperPrefix;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 18;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.SeqProperPrefix";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_SeqPrefix : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_SeqPrefix() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_SeqPrefix();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_SeqPrefix;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 19;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.SeqPrefix";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_SetMerge : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_SetMerge() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_SetMerge();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_SetMerge;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 20;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.SetMerge";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_SetSubtraction : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_SetSubtraction() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_SetSubtraction();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_SetSubtraction;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 21;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.SetSubtraction";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_SetIntersection : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_SetIntersection() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_SetIntersection();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_SetIntersection;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 22;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.SetIntersection";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Subset : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_Subset() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Subset();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Subset;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 23;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Subset";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_ProperSubset : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_ProperSubset() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_ProperSubset();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_ProperSubset;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 24;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.ProperSubset";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_SetDisjoint : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_SetDisjoint() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_SetDisjoint();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_SetDisjoint;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 25;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.SetDisjoint";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_MapMerge : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_MapMerge() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_MapMerge();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_MapMerge;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 26;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.MapMerge";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_MapSubtraction : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_MapSubtraction() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_MapSubtraction();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_MapSubtraction;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 27;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.MapSubtraction";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_MultisetMerge : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_MultisetMerge() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_MultisetMerge();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_MultisetMerge;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 28;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.MultisetMerge";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_MultisetSubtraction : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_MultisetSubtraction() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_MultisetSubtraction();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_MultisetSubtraction;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 29;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.MultisetSubtraction";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_MultisetIntersection : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_MultisetIntersection() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_MultisetIntersection();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_MultisetIntersection;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 30;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.MultisetIntersection";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Submultiset : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_Submultiset() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Submultiset();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Submultiset;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 31;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Submultiset";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_ProperSubmultiset : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_ProperSubmultiset() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_ProperSubmultiset();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_ProperSubmultiset;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 32;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.ProperSubmultiset";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_MultisetDisjoint : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_MultisetDisjoint() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_MultisetDisjoint();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_MultisetDisjoint;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 33;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.MultisetDisjoint";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Concat : BinOp {
+    public BinOp_Concat() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Concat();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Concat;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 34;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Concat";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinOp_Passthrough : BinOp {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
+    public BinOp_Passthrough(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IBinOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinOp_Passthrough(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.BinOp_Passthrough;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 35;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.BinOp.Passthrough";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IExpression {
+    bool is_Literal { get; }
+    bool is_Ident { get; }
+    bool is_Companion { get; }
+    bool is_ExternCompanion { get; }
+    bool is_Tuple { get; }
+    bool is_New { get; }
+    bool is_NewUninitArray { get; }
+    bool is_ArrayIndexToInt { get; }
+    bool is_FinalizeNewArray { get; }
+    bool is_DatatypeValue { get; }
+    bool is_Convert { get; }
+    bool is_SeqConstruct { get; }
+    bool is_SeqValue { get; }
+    bool is_SetValue { get; }
+    bool is_MultisetValue { get; }
+    bool is_MapValue { get; }
+    bool is_MapBuilder { get; }
+    bool is_SeqUpdate { get; }
+    bool is_MapUpdate { get; }
+    bool is_SetBuilder { get; }
+    bool is_ToMultiset { get; }
+    bool is_This { get; }
+    bool is_Ite { get; }
+    bool is_UnOp { get; }
+    bool is_BinOp { get; }
+    bool is_ArrayLen { get; }
+    bool is_MapKeys { get; }
+    bool is_MapValues { get; }
+    bool is_MapItems { get; }
+    bool is_Select { get; }
+    bool is_SelectFn { get; }
+    bool is_Index { get; }
+    bool is_IndexRange { get; }
+    bool is_TupleSelect { get; }
+    bool is_Call { get; }
+    bool is_Lambda { get; }
+    bool is_BetaRedex { get; }
+    bool is_IIFE { get; }
+    bool is_Apply { get; }
+    bool is_TypeTest { get; }
+    bool is_Is { get; }
+    bool is_InitializationValue { get; }
+    bool is_BoolBoundedPool { get; }
+    bool is_SetBoundedPool { get; }
+    bool is_MapBoundedPool { get; }
+    bool is_SeqBoundedPool { get; }
+    bool is_ExactBoundedPool { get; }
+    bool is_IntRange { get; }
+    bool is_UnboundedIntRange { get; }
+    bool is_Quantifier { get; }
+    DAST._ILiteral dtor_Literal_a0 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_Companion_a0 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_ExternCompanion_a0 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_Tuple_a0 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_path { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_args { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_dims { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_typ { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_value { get; }
+    DAST._IResolvedType dtor_datatypeType { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_variant { get; }
+    bool dtor_isCo { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_contents { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_from { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_length { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_elem { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_elements { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_mapElems { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_keyType { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_valueType { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_expr { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_indexExpr { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_elemType { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_ToMultiset_a0 { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_cond { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_thn { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_els { get; }
+    DAST._IUnaryOp dtor_unOp { get; }
+    DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat dtor_format1 { get; }
+    DAST._IBinOp dtor_op { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_left { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_right { get; }
+    DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat dtor_format2 { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_exprType { get; }
+    BigInteger dtor_dim { get; }
+    bool dtor_native { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_field { get; }
+    bool dtor_isConstant { get; }
+    bool dtor_onDatatype { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_fieldType { get; }
+    bool dtor_isStatic { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_arguments { get; }
+    DAST._ICollKind dtor_collKind { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_indices { get; }
+    bool dtor_isArray { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_low { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_high { get; }
+    BigInteger dtor_index { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_on { get; }
+    DAST._ICallName dtor_callName { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_params { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_retType { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_values { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_ident { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_iifeBody { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_dType { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_fromType { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_toType { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_of { get; }
+    bool dtor_includeDuplicates { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_lo { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_hi { get; }
+    bool dtor_up { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_start { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_collection { get; }
+    bool dtor_is__forall { get; }
+    DAST._IExpression dtor_lambda { get; }
+    _IExpression DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class Expression : _IExpression {
+    public Expression() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IExpression theDefault = create_Literal(DAST.Literal.Default());
+    public static DAST._IExpression Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IExpression> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IExpression>(DAST.Expression.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IExpression> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Literal(DAST._ILiteral _a0) {
+      return new Expression_Literal(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return new Expression_Ident(name);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Companion(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs) {
+      return new Expression_Companion(_a0, typeArgs);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_ExternCompanion(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0) {
+      return new Expression_ExternCompanion(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Tuple(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _a0) {
+      return new Expression_Tuple(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_New(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) {
+      return new Expression_New(path, typeArgs, args);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_NewUninitArray(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dims, DAST._IType typ) {
+      return new Expression_NewUninitArray(dims, typ);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_ArrayIndexToInt(DAST._IExpression @value) {
+      return new Expression_ArrayIndexToInt(@value);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_FinalizeNewArray(DAST._IExpression @value, DAST._IType typ) {
+      return new Expression_FinalizeNewArray(@value, typ);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_DatatypeValue(DAST._IResolvedType datatypeType, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> variant, bool isCo, Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> contents) {
+      return new Expression_DatatypeValue(datatypeType, typeArgs, variant, isCo, contents);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Convert(DAST._IExpression @value, DAST._IType @from, DAST._IType typ) {
+      return new Expression_Convert(@value, @from, typ);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_SeqConstruct(DAST._IExpression length, DAST._IExpression elem) {
+      return new Expression_SeqConstruct(length, elem);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_SeqValue(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> elements, DAST._IType typ) {
+      return new Expression_SeqValue(elements, typ);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_SetValue(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> elements) {
+      return new Expression_SetValue(elements);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_MultisetValue(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> elements) {
+      return new Expression_MultisetValue(elements);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_MapValue(Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> mapElems) {
+      return new Expression_MapValue(mapElems);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_MapBuilder(DAST._IType keyType, DAST._IType valueType) {
+      return new Expression_MapBuilder(keyType, valueType);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_SeqUpdate(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._IExpression indexExpr, DAST._IExpression @value) {
+      return new Expression_SeqUpdate(expr, indexExpr, @value);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_MapUpdate(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._IExpression indexExpr, DAST._IExpression @value) {
+      return new Expression_MapUpdate(expr, indexExpr, @value);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_SetBuilder(DAST._IType elemType) {
+      return new Expression_SetBuilder(elemType);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_ToMultiset(DAST._IExpression _a0) {
+      return new Expression_ToMultiset(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_This() {
+      return new Expression_This();
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Ite(DAST._IExpression cond, DAST._IExpression thn, DAST._IExpression els) {
+      return new Expression_Ite(cond, thn, els);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_UnOp(DAST._IUnaryOp unOp, DAST._IExpression expr, DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat format1) {
+      return new Expression_UnOp(unOp, expr, format1);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_BinOp(DAST._IBinOp op, DAST._IExpression left, DAST._IExpression right, DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat format2) {
+      return new Expression_BinOp(op, left, right, format2);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_ArrayLen(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._IType exprType, BigInteger dim, bool native) {
+      return new Expression_ArrayLen(expr, exprType, dim, native);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_MapKeys(DAST._IExpression expr) {
+      return new Expression_MapKeys(expr);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_MapValues(DAST._IExpression expr) {
+      return new Expression_MapValues(expr);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_MapItems(DAST._IExpression expr) {
+      return new Expression_MapItems(expr);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Select(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field, bool isConstant, bool onDatatype, DAST._IType fieldType) {
+      return new Expression_Select(expr, field, isConstant, onDatatype, fieldType);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_SelectFn(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field, bool onDatatype, bool isStatic, bool isConstant, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> arguments) {
+      return new Expression_SelectFn(expr, field, onDatatype, isStatic, isConstant, arguments);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Index(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._ICollKind collKind, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> indices) {
+      return new Expression_Index(expr, collKind, indices);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_IndexRange(DAST._IExpression expr, bool isArray, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> low, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> high) {
+      return new Expression_IndexRange(expr, isArray, low, high);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_TupleSelect(DAST._IExpression expr, BigInteger index, DAST._IType fieldType) {
+      return new Expression_TupleSelect(expr, index, fieldType);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Call(DAST._IExpression @on, DAST._ICallName callName, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) {
+      return new Expression_Call(@on, callName, typeArgs, args);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Lambda(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, DAST._IType retType, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) {
+      return new Expression_Lambda(@params, retType, body);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_BetaRedex(Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> values, DAST._IType retType, DAST._IExpression expr) {
+      return new Expression_BetaRedex(values, retType, expr);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_IIFE(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ident, DAST._IType typ, DAST._IExpression @value, DAST._IExpression iifeBody) {
+      return new Expression_IIFE(ident, typ, @value, iifeBody);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Apply(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) {
+      return new Expression_Apply(expr, args);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_TypeTest(DAST._IExpression @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> variant) {
+      return new Expression_TypeTest(@on, dType, variant);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Is(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._IType fromType, DAST._IType toType) {
+      return new Expression_Is(expr, fromType, toType);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_InitializationValue(DAST._IType typ) {
+      return new Expression_InitializationValue(typ);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_BoolBoundedPool() {
+      return new Expression_BoolBoundedPool();
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_SetBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of) {
+      return new Expression_SetBoundedPool(of);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_MapBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of) {
+      return new Expression_MapBoundedPool(of);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_SeqBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of, bool includeDuplicates) {
+      return new Expression_SeqBoundedPool(of, includeDuplicates);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_ExactBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of) {
+      return new Expression_ExactBoundedPool(of);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_IntRange(DAST._IType elemType, DAST._IExpression lo, DAST._IExpression hi, bool up) {
+      return new Expression_IntRange(elemType, lo, hi, up);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_UnboundedIntRange(DAST._IExpression start, bool up) {
+      return new Expression_UnboundedIntRange(start, up);
+    }
+    public static _IExpression create_Quantifier(DAST._IType elemType, DAST._IExpression collection, bool is__forall, DAST._IExpression lambda) {
+      return new Expression_Quantifier(elemType, collection, is__forall, lambda);
+    }
+    public bool is_Literal { get { return this is Expression_Literal; } }
+    public bool is_Ident { get { return this is Expression_Ident; } }
+    public bool is_Companion { get { return this is Expression_Companion; } }
+    public bool is_ExternCompanion { get { return this is Expression_ExternCompanion; } }
+    public bool is_Tuple { get { return this is Expression_Tuple; } }
+    public bool is_New { get { return this is Expression_New; } }
+    public bool is_NewUninitArray { get { return this is Expression_NewUninitArray; } }
+    public bool is_ArrayIndexToInt { get { return this is Expression_ArrayIndexToInt; } }
+    public bool is_FinalizeNewArray { get { return this is Expression_FinalizeNewArray; } }
+    public bool is_DatatypeValue { get { return this is Expression_DatatypeValue; } }
+    public bool is_Convert { get { return this is Expression_Convert; } }
+    public bool is_SeqConstruct { get { return this is Expression_SeqConstruct; } }
+    public bool is_SeqValue { get { return this is Expression_SeqValue; } }
+    public bool is_SetValue { get { return this is Expression_SetValue; } }
+    public bool is_MultisetValue { get { return this is Expression_MultisetValue; } }
+    public bool is_MapValue { get { return this is Expression_MapValue; } }
+    public bool is_MapBuilder { get { return this is Expression_MapBuilder; } }
+    public bool is_SeqUpdate { get { return this is Expression_SeqUpdate; } }
+    public bool is_MapUpdate { get { return this is Expression_MapUpdate; } }
+    public bool is_SetBuilder { get { return this is Expression_SetBuilder; } }
+    public bool is_ToMultiset { get { return this is Expression_ToMultiset; } }
+    public bool is_This { get { return this is Expression_This; } }
+    public bool is_Ite { get { return this is Expression_Ite; } }
+    public bool is_UnOp { get { return this is Expression_UnOp; } }
+    public bool is_BinOp { get { return this is Expression_BinOp; } }
+    public bool is_ArrayLen { get { return this is Expression_ArrayLen; } }
+    public bool is_MapKeys { get { return this is Expression_MapKeys; } }
+    public bool is_MapValues { get { return this is Expression_MapValues; } }
+    public bool is_MapItems { get { return this is Expression_MapItems; } }
+    public bool is_Select { get { return this is Expression_Select; } }
+    public bool is_SelectFn { get { return this is Expression_SelectFn; } }
+    public bool is_Index { get { return this is Expression_Index; } }
+    public bool is_IndexRange { get { return this is Expression_IndexRange; } }
+    public bool is_TupleSelect { get { return this is Expression_TupleSelect; } }
+    public bool is_Call { get { return this is Expression_Call; } }
+    public bool is_Lambda { get { return this is Expression_Lambda; } }
+    public bool is_BetaRedex { get { return this is Expression_BetaRedex; } }
+    public bool is_IIFE { get { return this is Expression_IIFE; } }
+    public bool is_Apply { get { return this is Expression_Apply; } }
+    public bool is_TypeTest { get { return this is Expression_TypeTest; } }
+    public bool is_Is { get { return this is Expression_Is; } }
+    public bool is_InitializationValue { get { return this is Expression_InitializationValue; } }
+    public bool is_BoolBoundedPool { get { return this is Expression_BoolBoundedPool; } }
+    public bool is_SetBoundedPool { get { return this is Expression_SetBoundedPool; } }
+    public bool is_MapBoundedPool { get { return this is Expression_MapBoundedPool; } }
+    public bool is_SeqBoundedPool { get { return this is Expression_SeqBoundedPool; } }
+    public bool is_ExactBoundedPool { get { return this is Expression_ExactBoundedPool; } }
+    public bool is_IntRange { get { return this is Expression_IntRange; } }
+    public bool is_UnboundedIntRange { get { return this is Expression_UnboundedIntRange; } }
+    public bool is_Quantifier { get { return this is Expression_Quantifier; } }
+    public DAST._ILiteral dtor_Literal_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Literal)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Ident)d)._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_Companion_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Companion)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_typeArgs {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_Companion) { return ((Expression_Companion)d)._typeArgs; }
+        if (d is Expression_New) { return ((Expression_New)d)._typeArgs; }
+        if (d is Expression_DatatypeValue) { return ((Expression_DatatypeValue)d)._typeArgs; }
+        return ((Expression_Call)d)._typeArgs;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_ExternCompanion_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_ExternCompanion)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_Tuple_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Tuple)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_path {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_New)d)._path;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_args {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_New) { return ((Expression_New)d)._args; }
+        if (d is Expression_Call) { return ((Expression_Call)d)._args; }
+        return ((Expression_Apply)d)._args;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_dims {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_NewUninitArray)d)._dims;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_typ {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_NewUninitArray) { return ((Expression_NewUninitArray)d)._typ; }
+        if (d is Expression_FinalizeNewArray) { return ((Expression_FinalizeNewArray)d)._typ; }
+        if (d is Expression_Convert) { return ((Expression_Convert)d)._typ; }
+        if (d is Expression_SeqValue) { return ((Expression_SeqValue)d)._typ; }
+        if (d is Expression_IIFE) { return ((Expression_IIFE)d)._typ; }
+        return ((Expression_InitializationValue)d)._typ;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_value {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_ArrayIndexToInt) { return ((Expression_ArrayIndexToInt)d)._value; }
+        if (d is Expression_FinalizeNewArray) { return ((Expression_FinalizeNewArray)d)._value; }
+        if (d is Expression_Convert) { return ((Expression_Convert)d)._value; }
+        if (d is Expression_SeqUpdate) { return ((Expression_SeqUpdate)d)._value; }
+        if (d is Expression_MapUpdate) { return ((Expression_MapUpdate)d)._value; }
+        return ((Expression_IIFE)d)._value;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IResolvedType dtor_datatypeType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_DatatypeValue)d)._datatypeType;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_variant {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_DatatypeValue) { return ((Expression_DatatypeValue)d)._variant; }
+        return ((Expression_TypeTest)d)._variant;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_isCo {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_DatatypeValue)d)._isCo;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_contents {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_DatatypeValue)d)._contents;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_from {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Convert)d)._from;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_length {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_SeqConstruct)d)._length;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_elem {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_SeqConstruct)d)._elem;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_elements {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_SeqValue) { return ((Expression_SeqValue)d)._elements; }
+        if (d is Expression_SetValue) { return ((Expression_SetValue)d)._elements; }
+        return ((Expression_MultisetValue)d)._elements;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_mapElems {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_MapValue)d)._mapElems;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_keyType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_MapBuilder)d)._keyType;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_valueType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_MapBuilder)d)._valueType;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_expr {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_SeqUpdate) { return ((Expression_SeqUpdate)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_MapUpdate) { return ((Expression_MapUpdate)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_UnOp) { return ((Expression_UnOp)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_ArrayLen) { return ((Expression_ArrayLen)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_MapKeys) { return ((Expression_MapKeys)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_MapValues) { return ((Expression_MapValues)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_MapItems) { return ((Expression_MapItems)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_Select) { return ((Expression_Select)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_SelectFn) { return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_Index) { return ((Expression_Index)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_IndexRange) { return ((Expression_IndexRange)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_TupleSelect) { return ((Expression_TupleSelect)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_BetaRedex) { return ((Expression_BetaRedex)d)._expr; }
+        if (d is Expression_Apply) { return ((Expression_Apply)d)._expr; }
+        return ((Expression_Is)d)._expr;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_indexExpr {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_SeqUpdate) { return ((Expression_SeqUpdate)d)._indexExpr; }
+        return ((Expression_MapUpdate)d)._indexExpr;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_elemType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_SetBuilder) { return ((Expression_SetBuilder)d)._elemType; }
+        if (d is Expression_IntRange) { return ((Expression_IntRange)d)._elemType; }
+        return ((Expression_Quantifier)d)._elemType;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_ToMultiset_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_ToMultiset)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_cond {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Ite)d)._cond;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_thn {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Ite)d)._thn;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_els {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Ite)d)._els;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IUnaryOp dtor_unOp {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_UnOp)d)._unOp;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat dtor_format1 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_UnOp)d)._format1;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IBinOp dtor_op {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_BinOp)d)._op;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_left {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_BinOp)d)._left;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_right {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_BinOp)d)._right;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat dtor_format2 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_BinOp)d)._format2;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_exprType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_ArrayLen)d)._exprType;
+      }
+    }
+    public BigInteger dtor_dim {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_ArrayLen)d)._dim;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_native {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_ArrayLen)d)._native;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_field {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_Select) { return ((Expression_Select)d)._field; }
+        return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._field;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_isConstant {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_Select) { return ((Expression_Select)d)._isConstant; }
+        return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._isConstant;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_onDatatype {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_Select) { return ((Expression_Select)d)._onDatatype; }
+        return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._onDatatype;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_fieldType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_Select) { return ((Expression_Select)d)._fieldType; }
+        return ((Expression_TupleSelect)d)._fieldType;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_isStatic {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._isStatic;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> dtor_arguments {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_SelectFn)d)._arguments;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._ICollKind dtor_collKind {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Index)d)._collKind;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dtor_indices {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Index)d)._indices;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_isArray {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_IndexRange)d)._isArray;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_low {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_IndexRange)d)._low;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> dtor_high {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_IndexRange)d)._high;
+      }
+    }
+    public BigInteger dtor_index {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_TupleSelect)d)._index;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_on {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_Call) { return ((Expression_Call)d)._on; }
+        return ((Expression_TypeTest)d)._on;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._ICallName dtor_callName {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Call)d)._callName;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> dtor_params {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Lambda)d)._params;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_retType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_Lambda) { return ((Expression_Lambda)d)._retType; }
+        return ((Expression_BetaRedex)d)._retType;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Lambda)d)._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> dtor_values {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_BetaRedex)d)._values;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_ident {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_IIFE)d)._ident;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_iifeBody {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_IIFE)d)._iifeBody;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_dType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_TypeTest)d)._dType;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_fromType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Is)d)._fromType;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_toType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Is)d)._toType;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_of {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_SetBoundedPool) { return ((Expression_SetBoundedPool)d)._of; }
+        if (d is Expression_MapBoundedPool) { return ((Expression_MapBoundedPool)d)._of; }
+        if (d is Expression_SeqBoundedPool) { return ((Expression_SeqBoundedPool)d)._of; }
+        return ((Expression_ExactBoundedPool)d)._of;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_includeDuplicates {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_SeqBoundedPool)d)._includeDuplicates;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_lo {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_IntRange)d)._lo;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_hi {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_IntRange)d)._hi;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_up {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expression_IntRange) { return ((Expression_IntRange)d)._up; }
+        return ((Expression_UnboundedIntRange)d)._up;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_start {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_UnboundedIntRange)d)._start;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_collection {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Quantifier)d)._collection;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_is__forall {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Quantifier)d)._is__forall;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IExpression dtor_lambda {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expression_Quantifier)d)._lambda;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IExpression DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Expression_Literal : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._ILiteral _a0;
+    public Expression_Literal(DAST._ILiteral _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Literal(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Literal;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Literal";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Ident : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public Expression_Ident(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) : base() {
+      this._name = name;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Ident(_name);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Ident;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Ident";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._name);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Companion : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
+    public Expression_Companion(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Companion(_a0, _typeArgs);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Companion;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Companion";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_ExternCompanion : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0;
+    public Expression_ExternCompanion(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_ExternCompanion(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_ExternCompanion;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.ExternCompanion";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Tuple : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _a0;
+    public Expression_Tuple(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Tuple(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Tuple;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Tuple";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_New : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _path;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _args;
+    public Expression_New(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) : base() {
+      this._path = path;
+      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
+      this._args = args;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_New(_path, _typeArgs, _args);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_New;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._path, oth._path) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._path));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.New";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._path);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_NewUninitArray : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _dims;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
+    public Expression_NewUninitArray(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> dims, DAST._IType typ) : base() {
+      this._dims = dims;
+      this._typ = typ;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_NewUninitArray(_dims, _typ);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_NewUninitArray;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._dims, oth._dims) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dims));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.NewUninitArray";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._dims);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_ArrayIndexToInt : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _value;
+    public Expression_ArrayIndexToInt(DAST._IExpression @value) : base() {
+      this._value = @value;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_ArrayIndexToInt(_value);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_ArrayIndexToInt;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.ArrayIndexToInt";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_FinalizeNewArray : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _value;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
+    public Expression_FinalizeNewArray(DAST._IExpression @value, DAST._IType typ) : base() {
+      this._value = @value;
+      this._typ = typ;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_FinalizeNewArray(_value, _typ);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_FinalizeNewArray;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.FinalizeNewArray";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_DatatypeValue : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IResolvedType _datatypeType;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _variant;
+    public readonly bool _isCo;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> _contents;
+    public Expression_DatatypeValue(DAST._IResolvedType datatypeType, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> variant, bool isCo, Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> contents) : base() {
+      this._datatypeType = datatypeType;
+      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
+      this._variant = variant;
+      this._isCo = isCo;
+      this._contents = contents;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_DatatypeValue(_datatypeType, _typeArgs, _variant, _isCo, _contents);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_DatatypeValue;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._datatypeType, oth._datatypeType) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs) && object.Equals(this._variant, oth._variant) && this._isCo == oth._isCo && object.Equals(this._contents, oth._contents);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._datatypeType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._variant));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isCo));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._contents));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.DatatypeValue";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._datatypeType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._variant);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isCo);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._contents);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Convert : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _value;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _from;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
+    public Expression_Convert(DAST._IExpression @value, DAST._IType @from, DAST._IType typ) : base() {
+      this._value = @value;
+      this._from = @from;
+      this._typ = typ;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Convert(_value, _from, _typ);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Convert;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value) && object.Equals(this._from, oth._from) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._from));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Convert";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._from);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_SeqConstruct : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _length;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _elem;
+    public Expression_SeqConstruct(DAST._IExpression length, DAST._IExpression elem) : base() {
+      this._length = length;
+      this._elem = elem;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_SeqConstruct(_length, _elem);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SeqConstruct;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._length, oth._length) && object.Equals(this._elem, oth._elem);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._length));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._elem));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.SeqConstruct";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._length);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._elem);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_SeqValue : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _elements;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
+    public Expression_SeqValue(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> elements, DAST._IType typ) : base() {
+      this._elements = elements;
+      this._typ = typ;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_SeqValue(_elements, _typ);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SeqValue;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._elements, oth._elements) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 12;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._elements));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.SeqValue";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._elements);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_SetValue : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _elements;
+    public Expression_SetValue(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> elements) : base() {
+      this._elements = elements;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_SetValue(_elements);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SetValue;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._elements, oth._elements);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 13;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._elements));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.SetValue";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._elements);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_MultisetValue : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _elements;
+    public Expression_MultisetValue(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> elements) : base() {
+      this._elements = elements;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_MultisetValue(_elements);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_MultisetValue;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._elements, oth._elements);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 14;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._elements));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.MultisetValue";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._elements);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_MapValue : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> _mapElems;
+    public Expression_MapValue(Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> mapElems) : base() {
+      this._mapElems = mapElems;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_MapValue(_mapElems);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_MapValue;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._mapElems, oth._mapElems);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 15;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._mapElems));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.MapValue";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._mapElems);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_MapBuilder : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _keyType;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _valueType;
+    public Expression_MapBuilder(DAST._IType keyType, DAST._IType valueType) : base() {
+      this._keyType = keyType;
+      this._valueType = valueType;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_MapBuilder(_keyType, _valueType);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_MapBuilder;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._keyType, oth._keyType) && object.Equals(this._valueType, oth._valueType);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 16;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._keyType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._valueType));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.MapBuilder";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._keyType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._valueType);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_SeqUpdate : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _indexExpr;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _value;
+    public Expression_SeqUpdate(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._IExpression indexExpr, DAST._IExpression @value) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._indexExpr = indexExpr;
+      this._value = @value;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_SeqUpdate(_expr, _indexExpr, _value);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SeqUpdate;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._indexExpr, oth._indexExpr) && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 17;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._indexExpr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.SeqUpdate";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._indexExpr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_MapUpdate : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _indexExpr;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _value;
+    public Expression_MapUpdate(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._IExpression indexExpr, DAST._IExpression @value) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._indexExpr = indexExpr;
+      this._value = @value;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_MapUpdate(_expr, _indexExpr, _value);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_MapUpdate;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._indexExpr, oth._indexExpr) && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 18;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._indexExpr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.MapUpdate";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._indexExpr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_SetBuilder : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _elemType;
+    public Expression_SetBuilder(DAST._IType elemType) : base() {
+      this._elemType = elemType;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_SetBuilder(_elemType);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SetBuilder;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._elemType, oth._elemType);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 19;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._elemType));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.SetBuilder";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._elemType);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_ToMultiset : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _a0;
+    public Expression_ToMultiset(DAST._IExpression _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_ToMultiset(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_ToMultiset;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 20;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.ToMultiset";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_This : Expression {
+    public Expression_This() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_This();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_This;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 21;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.This";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Ite : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _cond;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _thn;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _els;
+    public Expression_Ite(DAST._IExpression cond, DAST._IExpression thn, DAST._IExpression els) : base() {
+      this._cond = cond;
+      this._thn = thn;
+      this._els = els;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Ite(_cond, _thn, _els);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Ite;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._cond, oth._cond) && object.Equals(this._thn, oth._thn) && object.Equals(this._els, oth._els);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 22;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._cond));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._thn));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._els));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Ite";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._cond);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._thn);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._els);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_UnOp : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IUnaryOp _unOp;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat _format1;
+    public Expression_UnOp(DAST._IUnaryOp unOp, DAST._IExpression expr, DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat format1) : base() {
+      this._unOp = unOp;
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._format1 = format1;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_UnOp(_unOp, _expr, _format1);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_UnOp;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._unOp, oth._unOp) && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._format1, oth._format1);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 23;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._unOp));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._format1));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.UnOp";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._unOp);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._format1);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_BinOp : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IBinOp _op;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _left;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _right;
+    public readonly DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat _format2;
+    public Expression_BinOp(DAST._IBinOp op, DAST._IExpression left, DAST._IExpression right, DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat format2) : base() {
+      this._op = op;
+      this._left = left;
+      this._right = right;
+      this._format2 = format2;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_BinOp(_op, _left, _right, _format2);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_BinOp;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._op, oth._op) && object.Equals(this._left, oth._left) && object.Equals(this._right, oth._right) && object.Equals(this._format2, oth._format2);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 24;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._op));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._left));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._right));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._format2));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.BinOp";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._op);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._left);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._right);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._format2);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_ArrayLen : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _exprType;
+    public readonly BigInteger _dim;
+    public readonly bool _native;
+    public Expression_ArrayLen(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._IType exprType, BigInteger dim, bool native) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._exprType = exprType;
+      this._dim = dim;
+      this._native = native;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_ArrayLen(_expr, _exprType, _dim, _native);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_ArrayLen;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._exprType, oth._exprType) && this._dim == oth._dim && this._native == oth._native;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 25;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._exprType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dim));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._native));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.ArrayLen";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._exprType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._dim);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._native);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_MapKeys : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public Expression_MapKeys(DAST._IExpression expr) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_MapKeys(_expr);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_MapKeys;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 26;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.MapKeys";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_MapValues : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public Expression_MapValues(DAST._IExpression expr) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_MapValues(_expr);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_MapValues;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 27;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.MapValues";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_MapItems : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public Expression_MapItems(DAST._IExpression expr) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_MapItems(_expr);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_MapItems;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 28;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.MapItems";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Select : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _field;
+    public readonly bool _isConstant;
+    public readonly bool _onDatatype;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _fieldType;
+    public Expression_Select(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field, bool isConstant, bool onDatatype, DAST._IType fieldType) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._field = field;
+      this._isConstant = isConstant;
+      this._onDatatype = onDatatype;
+      this._fieldType = fieldType;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Select(_expr, _field, _isConstant, _onDatatype, _fieldType);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Select;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._field, oth._field) && this._isConstant == oth._isConstant && this._onDatatype == oth._onDatatype && object.Equals(this._fieldType, oth._fieldType);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 29;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._field));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isConstant));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._onDatatype));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fieldType));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Select";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._field);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isConstant);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._onDatatype);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fieldType);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_SelectFn : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _field;
+    public readonly bool _onDatatype;
+    public readonly bool _isStatic;
+    public readonly bool _isConstant;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _arguments;
+    public Expression_SelectFn(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field, bool onDatatype, bool isStatic, bool isConstant, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> arguments) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._field = field;
+      this._onDatatype = onDatatype;
+      this._isStatic = isStatic;
+      this._isConstant = isConstant;
+      this._arguments = arguments;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_SelectFn(_expr, _field, _onDatatype, _isStatic, _isConstant, _arguments);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SelectFn;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._field, oth._field) && this._onDatatype == oth._onDatatype && this._isStatic == oth._isStatic && this._isConstant == oth._isConstant && object.Equals(this._arguments, oth._arguments);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 30;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._field));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._onDatatype));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isStatic));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isConstant));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._arguments));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.SelectFn";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._field);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._onDatatype);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isStatic);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isConstant);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._arguments);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Index : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly DAST._ICollKind _collKind;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _indices;
+    public Expression_Index(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._ICollKind collKind, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> indices) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._collKind = collKind;
+      this._indices = indices;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Index(_expr, _collKind, _indices);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Index;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._collKind, oth._collKind) && object.Equals(this._indices, oth._indices);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 31;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._collKind));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._indices));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Index";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._collKind);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._indices);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_IndexRange : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly bool _isArray;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _low;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _high;
+    public Expression_IndexRange(DAST._IExpression expr, bool isArray, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> low, Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> high) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._isArray = isArray;
+      this._low = low;
+      this._high = high;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_IndexRange(_expr, _isArray, _low, _high);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_IndexRange;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && this._isArray == oth._isArray && object.Equals(this._low, oth._low) && object.Equals(this._high, oth._high);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 32;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._isArray));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._low));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._high));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.IndexRange";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._isArray);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._low);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._high);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_TupleSelect : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly BigInteger _index;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _fieldType;
+    public Expression_TupleSelect(DAST._IExpression expr, BigInteger index, DAST._IType fieldType) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._index = index;
+      this._fieldType = fieldType;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_TupleSelect(_expr, _index, _fieldType);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_TupleSelect;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && this._index == oth._index && object.Equals(this._fieldType, oth._fieldType);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 33;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._index));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fieldType));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.TupleSelect";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._index);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fieldType);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Call : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _on;
+    public readonly DAST._ICallName _callName;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _typeArgs;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _args;
+    public Expression_Call(DAST._IExpression @on, DAST._ICallName callName, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) : base() {
+      this._on = @on;
+      this._callName = callName;
+      this._typeArgs = typeArgs;
+      this._args = args;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Call(_on, _callName, _typeArgs, _args);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Call;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._on, oth._on) && object.Equals(this._callName, oth._callName) && object.Equals(this._typeArgs, oth._typeArgs) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 34;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._on));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._callName));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeArgs));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Call";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._on);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._callName);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeArgs);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Lambda : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _params;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _retType;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _body;
+    public Expression_Lambda(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, DAST._IType retType, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> body) : base() {
+      this._params = @params;
+      this._retType = retType;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Lambda(_params, _retType, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Lambda;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._params, oth._params) && object.Equals(this._retType, oth._retType) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 35;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._params));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._retType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Lambda";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._params);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._retType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_BetaRedex : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> _values;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _retType;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public Expression_BetaRedex(Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> values, DAST._IType retType, DAST._IExpression expr) : base() {
+      this._values = values;
+      this._retType = retType;
+      this._expr = expr;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_BetaRedex(_values, _retType, _expr);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_BetaRedex;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._values, oth._values) && object.Equals(this._retType, oth._retType) && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 36;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._values));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._retType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.BetaRedex";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._values);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._retType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_IIFE : Expression {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ident;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _value;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _iifeBody;
+    public Expression_IIFE(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ident, DAST._IType typ, DAST._IExpression @value, DAST._IExpression iifeBody) : base() {
+      this._ident = ident;
+      this._typ = typ;
+      this._value = @value;
+      this._iifeBody = iifeBody;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_IIFE(_ident, _typ, _value, _iifeBody);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_IIFE;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._ident, oth._ident) && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ) && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value) && object.Equals(this._iifeBody, oth._iifeBody);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 37;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._ident));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._iifeBody));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.IIFE";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._ident);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._iifeBody);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Apply : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _args;
+    public Expression_Apply(DAST._IExpression expr, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._args = args;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Apply(_expr, _args);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Apply;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._args, oth._args);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 38;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._args));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Apply";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._args);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_TypeTest : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _on;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _dType;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _variant;
+    public Expression_TypeTest(DAST._IExpression @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> variant) : base() {
+      this._on = @on;
+      this._dType = dType;
+      this._variant = variant;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_TypeTest(_on, _dType, _variant);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_TypeTest;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._on, oth._on) && object.Equals(this._dType, oth._dType) && object.Equals(this._variant, oth._variant);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 39;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._on));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._variant));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.TypeTest";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._on);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._dType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._variant);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Is : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _expr;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _fromType;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _toType;
+    public Expression_Is(DAST._IExpression expr, DAST._IType fromType, DAST._IType toType) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._fromType = fromType;
+      this._toType = toType;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Is(_expr, _fromType, _toType);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Is;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._fromType, oth._fromType) && object.Equals(this._toType, oth._toType);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 40;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fromType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._toType));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Is";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fromType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._toType);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_InitializationValue : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _typ;
+    public Expression_InitializationValue(DAST._IType typ) : base() {
+      this._typ = typ;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_InitializationValue(_typ);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_InitializationValue;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._typ, oth._typ);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 41;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typ));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.InitializationValue";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typ);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_BoolBoundedPool : Expression {
+    public Expression_BoolBoundedPool() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_BoolBoundedPool();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_BoolBoundedPool;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 42;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.BoolBoundedPool";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_SetBoundedPool : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _of;
+    public Expression_SetBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of) : base() {
+      this._of = of;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_SetBoundedPool(_of);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SetBoundedPool;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._of, oth._of);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 43;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._of));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.SetBoundedPool";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._of);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_MapBoundedPool : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _of;
+    public Expression_MapBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of) : base() {
+      this._of = of;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_MapBoundedPool(_of);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_MapBoundedPool;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._of, oth._of);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 44;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._of));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.MapBoundedPool";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._of);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_SeqBoundedPool : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _of;
+    public readonly bool _includeDuplicates;
+    public Expression_SeqBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of, bool includeDuplicates) : base() {
+      this._of = of;
+      this._includeDuplicates = includeDuplicates;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_SeqBoundedPool(_of, _includeDuplicates);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_SeqBoundedPool;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._of, oth._of) && this._includeDuplicates == oth._includeDuplicates;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 45;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._of));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._includeDuplicates));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.SeqBoundedPool";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._of);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._includeDuplicates);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_ExactBoundedPool : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _of;
+    public Expression_ExactBoundedPool(DAST._IExpression of) : base() {
+      this._of = of;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_ExactBoundedPool(_of);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_ExactBoundedPool;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._of, oth._of);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 46;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._of));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.ExactBoundedPool";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._of);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_IntRange : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _elemType;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _lo;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _hi;
+    public readonly bool _up;
+    public Expression_IntRange(DAST._IType elemType, DAST._IExpression lo, DAST._IExpression hi, bool up) : base() {
+      this._elemType = elemType;
+      this._lo = lo;
+      this._hi = hi;
+      this._up = up;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_IntRange(_elemType, _lo, _hi, _up);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_IntRange;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._elemType, oth._elemType) && object.Equals(this._lo, oth._lo) && object.Equals(this._hi, oth._hi) && this._up == oth._up;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 47;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._elemType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._lo));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._hi));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._up));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.IntRange";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._elemType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._lo);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._hi);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._up);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_UnboundedIntRange : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _start;
+    public readonly bool _up;
+    public Expression_UnboundedIntRange(DAST._IExpression start, bool up) : base() {
+      this._start = start;
+      this._up = up;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_UnboundedIntRange(_start, _up);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_UnboundedIntRange;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._start, oth._start) && this._up == oth._up;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 48;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._start));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._up));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.UnboundedIntRange";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._start);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._up);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expression_Quantifier : Expression {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _elemType;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _collection;
+    public readonly bool _is__forall;
+    public readonly DAST._IExpression _lambda;
+    public Expression_Quantifier(DAST._IType elemType, DAST._IExpression collection, bool is__forall, DAST._IExpression lambda) : base() {
+      this._elemType = elemType;
+      this._collection = collection;
+      this._is__forall = is__forall;
+      this._lambda = lambda;
+    }
+    public override _IExpression DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpression dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expression_Quantifier(_elemType, _collection, _is__forall, _lambda);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Expression_Quantifier;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._elemType, oth._elemType) && object.Equals(this._collection, oth._collection) && this._is__forall == oth._is__forall && object.Equals(this._lambda, oth._lambda);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 49;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._elemType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._collection));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._is__forall));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._lambda));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Expression.Quantifier";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._elemType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._collection);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._is__forall);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._lambda);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IUnaryOp {
+    bool is_Not { get; }
+    bool is_BitwiseNot { get; }
+    bool is_Cardinality { get; }
+    _IUnaryOp DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class UnaryOp : _IUnaryOp {
+    public UnaryOp() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._IUnaryOp theDefault = create_Not();
+    public static DAST._IUnaryOp Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IUnaryOp> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IUnaryOp>(DAST.UnaryOp.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._IUnaryOp> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IUnaryOp create_Not() {
+      return new UnaryOp_Not();
+    }
+    public static _IUnaryOp create_BitwiseNot() {
+      return new UnaryOp_BitwiseNot();
+    }
+    public static _IUnaryOp create_Cardinality() {
+      return new UnaryOp_Cardinality();
+    }
+    public bool is_Not { get { return this is UnaryOp_Not; } }
+    public bool is_BitwiseNot { get { return this is UnaryOp_BitwiseNot; } }
+    public bool is_Cardinality { get { return this is UnaryOp_Cardinality; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IUnaryOp> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return UnaryOp.create_Not();
+        yield return UnaryOp.create_BitwiseNot();
+        yield return UnaryOp.create_Cardinality();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IUnaryOp DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class UnaryOp_Not : UnaryOp {
+    public UnaryOp_Not() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IUnaryOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IUnaryOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new UnaryOp_Not();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.UnaryOp_Not;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.UnaryOp.Not";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class UnaryOp_BitwiseNot : UnaryOp {
+    public UnaryOp_BitwiseNot() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IUnaryOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IUnaryOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new UnaryOp_BitwiseNot();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.UnaryOp_BitwiseNot;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.UnaryOp.BitwiseNot";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class UnaryOp_Cardinality : UnaryOp {
+    public UnaryOp_Cardinality() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IUnaryOp DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IUnaryOp dt) { return dt; }
+      return new UnaryOp_Cardinality();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.UnaryOp_Cardinality;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.UnaryOp.Cardinality";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ILiteral {
+    bool is_BoolLiteral { get; }
+    bool is_IntLiteral { get; }
+    bool is_DecLiteral { get; }
+    bool is_StringLiteral { get; }
+    bool is_CharLiteral { get; }
+    bool is_CharLiteralUTF16 { get; }
+    bool is_Null { get; }
+    bool dtor_BoolLiteral_a0 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_IntLiteral_a0 { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_IntLiteral_a1 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_DecLiteral_a0 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_DecLiteral_a1 { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_DecLiteral_a2 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_StringLiteral_a0 { get; }
+    bool dtor_verbatim { get; }
+    Dafny.Rune dtor_CharLiteral_a0 { get; }
+    BigInteger dtor_CharLiteralUTF16_a0 { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_Null_a0 { get; }
+    _ILiteral DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class Literal : _ILiteral {
+    public Literal() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST._ILiteral theDefault = create_BoolLiteral(false);
+    public static DAST._ILiteral Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ILiteral> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ILiteral>(DAST.Literal.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST._ILiteral> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ILiteral create_BoolLiteral(bool _a0) {
+      return new Literal_BoolLiteral(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _ILiteral create_IntLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0, DAST._IType _a1) {
+      return new Literal_IntLiteral(_a0, _a1);
+    }
+    public static _ILiteral create_DecLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a1, DAST._IType _a2) {
+      return new Literal_DecLiteral(_a0, _a1, _a2);
+    }
+    public static _ILiteral create_StringLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0, bool verbatim) {
+      return new Literal_StringLiteral(_a0, verbatim);
+    }
+    public static _ILiteral create_CharLiteral(Dafny.Rune _a0) {
+      return new Literal_CharLiteral(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _ILiteral create_CharLiteralUTF16(BigInteger _a0) {
+      return new Literal_CharLiteralUTF16(_a0);
+    }
+    public static _ILiteral create_Null(DAST._IType _a0) {
+      return new Literal_Null(_a0);
+    }
+    public bool is_BoolLiteral { get { return this is Literal_BoolLiteral; } }
+    public bool is_IntLiteral { get { return this is Literal_IntLiteral; } }
+    public bool is_DecLiteral { get { return this is Literal_DecLiteral; } }
+    public bool is_StringLiteral { get { return this is Literal_StringLiteral; } }
+    public bool is_CharLiteral { get { return this is Literal_CharLiteral; } }
+    public bool is_CharLiteralUTF16 { get { return this is Literal_CharLiteralUTF16; } }
+    public bool is_Null { get { return this is Literal_Null; } }
+    public bool dtor_BoolLiteral_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_BoolLiteral)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_IntLiteral_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_IntLiteral)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_IntLiteral_a1 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_IntLiteral)d)._a1;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_DecLiteral_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_DecLiteral)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_DecLiteral_a1 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_DecLiteral)d)._a1;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_DecLiteral_a2 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_DecLiteral)d)._a2;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_StringLiteral_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_StringLiteral)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_verbatim {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_StringLiteral)d)._verbatim;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.Rune dtor_CharLiteral_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_CharLiteral)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public BigInteger dtor_CharLiteralUTF16_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_CharLiteralUTF16)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_Null_a0 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Literal_Null)d)._a0;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _ILiteral DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Literal_BoolLiteral : Literal {
+    public readonly bool _a0;
+    public Literal_BoolLiteral(bool _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Literal_BoolLiteral(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_BoolLiteral;
+      return oth != null && this._a0 == oth._a0;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Literal.BoolLiteral";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Literal_IntLiteral : Literal {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _a1;
+    public Literal_IntLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0, DAST._IType _a1) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+      this._a1 = _a1;
+    }
+    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Literal_IntLiteral(_a0, _a1);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_IntLiteral;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0) && object.Equals(this._a1, oth._a1);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a1));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Literal.IntLiteral";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a1);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Literal_DecLiteral : Literal {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a1;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _a2;
+    public Literal_DecLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a1, DAST._IType _a2) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+      this._a1 = _a1;
+      this._a2 = _a2;
+    }
+    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Literal_DecLiteral(_a0, _a1, _a2);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_DecLiteral;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0) && object.Equals(this._a1, oth._a1) && object.Equals(this._a2, oth._a2);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a1));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a2));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Literal.DecLiteral";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._a1.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a2);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Literal_StringLiteral : Literal {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0;
+    public readonly bool _verbatim;
+    public Literal_StringLiteral(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _a0, bool verbatim) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+      this._verbatim = verbatim;
+    }
+    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Literal_StringLiteral(_a0, _verbatim);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_StringLiteral;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0) && this._verbatim == oth._verbatim;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._verbatim));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Literal.StringLiteral";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._a0.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._verbatim);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Literal_CharLiteral : Literal {
+    public readonly Dafny.Rune _a0;
+    public Literal_CharLiteral(Dafny.Rune _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Literal_CharLiteral(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_CharLiteral;
+      return oth != null && this._a0 == oth._a0;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Literal.CharLiteral";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Literal_CharLiteralUTF16 : Literal {
+    public readonly BigInteger _a0;
+    public Literal_CharLiteralUTF16(BigInteger _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Literal_CharLiteralUTF16(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_CharLiteralUTF16;
+      return oth != null && this._a0 == oth._a0;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Literal.CharLiteralUTF16";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Literal_Null : Literal {
+    public readonly DAST._IType _a0;
+    public Literal_Null(DAST._IType _a0) : base() {
+      this._a0 = _a0;
+    }
+    public override _ILiteral DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ILiteral dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Literal_Null(_a0);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Literal_Null;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._a0, oth._a0);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._a0));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DAST.Literal.Null";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._a0);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace DAST
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DAST_Format.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DAST_Format.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1efc61a86e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DAST_Format.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace DAST.Format {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static BigInteger SeqToHeight<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> s, Func<__T, BigInteger> f)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((s).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return BigInteger.Zero;
+      } else {
+        BigInteger _0_i = Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, BigInteger>>(f)((s).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+        BigInteger _1_j = DAST.Format.__default.SeqToHeight<__T>((s).Drop(BigInteger.One), f);
+        if ((_0_i) < (_1_j)) {
+          return _1_j;
+        } else {
+          return _0_i;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IUnaryOpFormat {
+    bool is_NoFormat { get; }
+    bool is_CombineFormat { get; }
+    _IUnaryOpFormat DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class UnaryOpFormat : _IUnaryOpFormat {
+    public UnaryOpFormat() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat theDefault = create_NoFormat();
+    public static DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat>(DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IUnaryOpFormat create_NoFormat() {
+      return new UnaryOpFormat_NoFormat();
+    }
+    public static _IUnaryOpFormat create_CombineFormat() {
+      return new UnaryOpFormat_CombineFormat();
+    }
+    public bool is_NoFormat { get { return this is UnaryOpFormat_NoFormat; } }
+    public bool is_CombineFormat { get { return this is UnaryOpFormat_CombineFormat; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IUnaryOpFormat> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat();
+        yield return UnaryOpFormat.create_CombineFormat();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IUnaryOpFormat DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class UnaryOpFormat_NoFormat : UnaryOpFormat {
+    public UnaryOpFormat_NoFormat() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IUnaryOpFormat DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IUnaryOpFormat dt) { return dt; }
+      return new UnaryOpFormat_NoFormat();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat_NoFormat;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Format.UnaryOpFormat.NoFormat";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class UnaryOpFormat_CombineFormat : UnaryOpFormat {
+    public UnaryOpFormat_CombineFormat() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IUnaryOpFormat DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IUnaryOpFormat dt) { return dt; }
+      return new UnaryOpFormat_CombineFormat();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat_CombineFormat;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Format.UnaryOpFormat.CombineFormat";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IBinaryOpFormat {
+    bool is_NoFormat { get; }
+    bool is_ImpliesFormat { get; }
+    bool is_EquivalenceFormat { get; }
+    bool is_ReverseFormat { get; }
+    _IBinaryOpFormat DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class BinaryOpFormat : _IBinaryOpFormat {
+    public BinaryOpFormat() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat theDefault = create_NoFormat();
+    public static DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat>(DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IBinaryOpFormat create_NoFormat() {
+      return new BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat();
+    }
+    public static _IBinaryOpFormat create_ImpliesFormat() {
+      return new BinaryOpFormat_ImpliesFormat();
+    }
+    public static _IBinaryOpFormat create_EquivalenceFormat() {
+      return new BinaryOpFormat_EquivalenceFormat();
+    }
+    public static _IBinaryOpFormat create_ReverseFormat() {
+      return new BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat();
+    }
+    public bool is_NoFormat { get { return this is BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat; } }
+    public bool is_ImpliesFormat { get { return this is BinaryOpFormat_ImpliesFormat; } }
+    public bool is_EquivalenceFormat { get { return this is BinaryOpFormat_EquivalenceFormat; } }
+    public bool is_ReverseFormat { get { return this is BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IBinaryOpFormat> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat();
+        yield return BinaryOpFormat.create_ImpliesFormat();
+        yield return BinaryOpFormat.create_EquivalenceFormat();
+        yield return BinaryOpFormat.create_ReverseFormat();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IBinaryOpFormat DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat : BinaryOpFormat {
+    public BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinaryOpFormat DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinaryOpFormat dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat_NoFormat;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Format.BinaryOpFormat.NoFormat";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinaryOpFormat_ImpliesFormat : BinaryOpFormat {
+    public BinaryOpFormat_ImpliesFormat() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinaryOpFormat DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinaryOpFormat dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinaryOpFormat_ImpliesFormat();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat_ImpliesFormat;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Format.BinaryOpFormat.ImpliesFormat";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinaryOpFormat_EquivalenceFormat : BinaryOpFormat {
+    public BinaryOpFormat_EquivalenceFormat() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinaryOpFormat DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinaryOpFormat dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinaryOpFormat_EquivalenceFormat();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat_EquivalenceFormat;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Format.BinaryOpFormat.EquivalenceFormat";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat : BinaryOpFormat {
+    public BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IBinaryOpFormat DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IBinaryOpFormat dt) { return dt; }
+      return new BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat_ReverseFormat;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Format.BinaryOpFormat.ReverseFormat";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace DAST.Format
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DCOMP.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DCOMP.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4da78606df1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DCOMP.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,8037 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace DCOMP {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static bool is__tuple__numeric(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
+      return ((((new BigInteger((i).Count)) >= (new BigInteger(2))) && (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('_')))) && ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789")).Contains((i).Select(BigInteger.One)))) && (((new BigInteger((i).Count)) == (new BigInteger(2))) || (((new BigInteger((i).Count)) == (new BigInteger(3))) && ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789")).Contains((i).Select(new BigInteger(2))))));
+    }
+    public static bool has__special(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((i).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return false;
+      } else if (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('.'))) {
+        return true;
+      } else if (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('#'))) {
+        return true;
+      } else if (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('_'))) {
+        if ((new BigInteger(2)) <= (new BigInteger((i).Count))) {
+          if (((i).Select(BigInteger.One)) != (new Dafny.Rune('_'))) {
+            return true;
+          } else {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in0 = (i).Drop(new BigInteger(2));
+            i = _in0;
+            goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+          }
+        } else {
+          return true;
+        }
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in1 = (i).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        i = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> idiomatic__rust(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((i).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+      } else if (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('_'))) {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_"));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in0 = (i).Drop(new BigInteger(2));
+        i = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in1 = (i).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        i = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> replaceDots(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((i).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+      } else if (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('.'))) {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_d"));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in0 = (i).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        i = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in1 = (i).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        i = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static bool is__tuple__builder(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
+      return ((((new BigInteger((i).Count)) >= (new BigInteger(9))) && (((i).Take(new BigInteger(8))).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("___hMake")))) && ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789")).Contains((i).Select(new BigInteger(8))))) && (((new BigInteger((i).Count)) == (new BigInteger(9))) || (((new BigInteger((i).Count)) == (new BigInteger(10))) && ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789")).Contains((i).Select(new BigInteger(9))))));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> better__tuple__builder__name(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_T"), (i).Drop(new BigInteger(8)));
+    }
+    public static bool is__dafny__generated__id(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
+      return ((((new BigInteger((i).Count)).Sign == 1) && (((i).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('_')))) && (!(DCOMP.__default.has__special((i).Drop(BigInteger.One))))) && (!((new BigInteger((i).Count)) >= (new BigInteger(2))) || (((i).Select(BigInteger.One)) != (new Dafny.Rune('T'))));
+    }
+    public static bool is__idiomatic__rust__id(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
+      return ((((new BigInteger((i).Count)).Sign == 1) && (!(DCOMP.__default.has__special(i)))) && (!(DCOMP.__default.reserved__rust).Contains(i))) && (!(DCOMP.__default.reserved__rust__need__prefix).Contains(i));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> escapeName(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> n) {
+      return DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((n));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> escapeIdent(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> i) {
+      if (DCOMP.__default.is__tuple__numeric(i)) {
+        return i;
+      } else if (DCOMP.__default.is__tuple__builder(i)) {
+        return DCOMP.__default.better__tuple__builder__name(i);
+      } else if (((i).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"))) || ((i).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Self")))) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("r#_"), i);
+      } else if ((DCOMP.__default.reserved__rust).Contains(i)) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("r#"), i);
+      } else if (DCOMP.__default.is__idiomatic__rust__id(i)) {
+        return DCOMP.__default.idiomatic__rust(i);
+      } else if (DCOMP.__default.is__dafny__generated__id(i)) {
+        return i;
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_r = DCOMP.__default.replaceDots(i);
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("r#_"), _0_r);
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> escapeVar(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> f) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_r = (f);
+      if ((DCOMP.__default.reserved__vars).Contains(_0_r)) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_"), _0_r);
+      } else {
+        return DCOMP.__default.escapeIdent((f));
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> AddAssignedPrefix(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> rustName) {
+      if (((new BigInteger((rustName).Count)) >= (new BigInteger(2))) && (((rustName).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, new BigInteger(2))).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("r#")))) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.ASSIGNED__PREFIX, (rustName).Drop(new BigInteger(2)));
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.__default.ASSIGNED__PREFIX, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_")), rustName);
+      }
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> TraitTypeContainingMethodAux(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> rs, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dafnyName)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((rs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IResolvedType>.create_None();
+      } else {
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> _0_res = ((System.Func<Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType>>)(() => {
+          DAST._IType _source0 = (rs).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+          {
+            if (_source0.is_UserDefined) {
+              DAST._IResolvedType _1_resolvedType = _source0.dtor_resolved;
+              return DCOMP.__default.TraitTypeContainingMethod(_1_resolvedType, dafnyName);
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            return Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IResolvedType>.create_None();
+          }
+        }))();
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> _source1 = _0_res;
+        {
+          if (_source1.is_Some) {
+            return _0_res;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          return DCOMP.__default.TraitTypeContainingMethodAux((rs).Drop(BigInteger.One), dafnyName);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> TraitTypeContainingMethod(DAST._IResolvedType r, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dafnyName)
+    {
+      DAST._IResolvedType _let_tmp_rhs0 = r;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _0_path = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_path;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _1_typeArgs = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_typeArgs;
+      DAST._IResolvedTypeBase _2_kind = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_kind;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _3_attributes = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_attributes;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _4_properMethods = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_properMethods;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _5_extendedTypes = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_extendedTypes;
+      if ((_4_properMethods).Contains(dafnyName)) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IResolvedType>.create_Some(r);
+      } else {
+        return DCOMP.__default.TraitTypeContainingMethodAux(_5_extendedTypes, dafnyName);
+      }
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<DCOMP._IExternAttribute> OptExtern(DAST._IAttribute attr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dafnyName)
+    {
+      if (((attr).dtor_name).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("extern"))) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<DCOMP._IExternAttribute>.create_Some((((new BigInteger(((attr).dtor_args).Count)).Sign == 0) ? (DCOMP.ExternAttribute.create_SimpleExtern(DCOMP.__default.escapeName(dafnyName))) : ((((new BigInteger(((attr).dtor_args).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) ? (DCOMP.ExternAttribute.create_SimpleExtern(((attr).dtor_args).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) : ((((new BigInteger(((attr).dtor_args).Count)) == (new BigInteger(2))) ? (DCOMP.ExternAttribute.create_AdvancedExtern(DCOMP.__default.ReplaceDotByDoubleColon(((attr).dtor_args).Select(BigInteger.Zero)), ((attr).dtor_args).Select(BigInteger.One))) : (DCOMP.ExternAttribute.create_UnsupportedExtern(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{:extern} supports only 0, 1 or 2 attributes, got "), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(new BigInteger(((attr).dtor_args).Count)))))))))));
+      } else {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<DCOMP._IExternAttribute>.create_None();
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ReplaceDotByDoubleColon(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((s).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+      } else if (((s).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune(' '))) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, s);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, ((((s).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('.'))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((s).Select(BigInteger.Zero)))));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in0 = (s).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        s = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static DCOMP._IExternAttribute ExtractExtern(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dafnyName)
+    {
+      DCOMP._IExternAttribute res = DCOMP.ExternAttribute.Default();
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((attributes).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _0_i = BigInteger.Zero; _0_i < _hi0; _0_i++) {
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DCOMP._IExternAttribute> _1_attr;
+        _1_attr = DCOMP.__default.OptExtern((attributes).Select(_0_i), dafnyName);
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DCOMP._IExternAttribute> _source0 = _1_attr;
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Some) {
+            DCOMP._IExternAttribute _2_n = _source0.dtor_value;
+            res = _2_n;
+            return res;
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+        }
+      after_match0: ;
+      }
+      res = DCOMP.ExternAttribute.create_NoExtern();
+      return res;
+    }
+    public static DCOMP._IExternAttribute ExtractExternMod(DAST._IModule mod) {
+      return DCOMP.__default.ExtractExtern((mod).dtor_attributes, (mod).dtor_name);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> reserved__rust { get {
+      return Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("as"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("async"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("await"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("break"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("const"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("continue"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("crate"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("dyn"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("else"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("enum"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("extern"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("false"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fn"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("for"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("if"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("impl"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("in"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("loop"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("match"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("mod"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("move"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("mut"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("ref"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("static"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("struct"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("super"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("trait"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("true"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("type"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("union"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unsafe"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("use"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("where"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("while"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Keywords"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("The"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("abstract"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("become"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("box"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("do"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("final"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("macro"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("override"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("priv"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("try"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("typeof"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unsized"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("virtual"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("yield"));
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> reserved__rust__need__prefix { get {
+      return Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u8"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u16"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u32"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u64"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u128"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i8"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i16"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i32"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i64"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i128"));
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> reserved__vars { get {
+      return Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("None"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("hash"));
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ASSIGNED__PREFIX { get {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_set");
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> IND { get {
+      return RAST.__default.IND;
+    } }
+    public static DAST._IAttribute AttributeOwned { get {
+      return DAST.Attribute.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("owned"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements());
+    } }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IOwnership {
+    bool is_OwnershipOwned { get; }
+    bool is_OwnershipOwnedBox { get; }
+    bool is_OwnershipBorrowed { get; }
+    bool is_OwnershipBorrowedMut { get; }
+    bool is_OwnershipAutoBorrowed { get; }
+    _IOwnership DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class Ownership : _IOwnership {
+    public Ownership() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DCOMP._IOwnership theDefault = create_OwnershipOwned();
+    public static DCOMP._IOwnership Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IOwnership> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IOwnership>(DCOMP.Ownership.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IOwnership> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IOwnership create_OwnershipOwned() {
+      return new Ownership_OwnershipOwned();
+    }
+    public static _IOwnership create_OwnershipOwnedBox() {
+      return new Ownership_OwnershipOwnedBox();
+    }
+    public static _IOwnership create_OwnershipBorrowed() {
+      return new Ownership_OwnershipBorrowed();
+    }
+    public static _IOwnership create_OwnershipBorrowedMut() {
+      return new Ownership_OwnershipBorrowedMut();
+    }
+    public static _IOwnership create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed() {
+      return new Ownership_OwnershipAutoBorrowed();
+    }
+    public bool is_OwnershipOwned { get { return this is Ownership_OwnershipOwned; } }
+    public bool is_OwnershipOwnedBox { get { return this is Ownership_OwnershipOwnedBox; } }
+    public bool is_OwnershipBorrowed { get { return this is Ownership_OwnershipBorrowed; } }
+    public bool is_OwnershipBorrowedMut { get { return this is Ownership_OwnershipBorrowedMut; } }
+    public bool is_OwnershipAutoBorrowed { get { return this is Ownership_OwnershipAutoBorrowed; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IOwnership> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+        yield return Ownership.create_OwnershipOwnedBox();
+        yield return Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+        yield return Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowedMut();
+        yield return Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IOwnership DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Ownership_OwnershipOwned : Ownership {
+    public Ownership_OwnershipOwned() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IOwnership DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IOwnership dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Ownership_OwnershipOwned();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.Ownership_OwnershipOwned;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.Ownership.OwnershipOwned";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Ownership_OwnershipOwnedBox : Ownership {
+    public Ownership_OwnershipOwnedBox() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IOwnership DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IOwnership dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Ownership_OwnershipOwnedBox();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.Ownership_OwnershipOwnedBox;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.Ownership.OwnershipOwnedBox";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Ownership_OwnershipBorrowed : Ownership {
+    public Ownership_OwnershipBorrowed() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IOwnership DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IOwnership dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Ownership_OwnershipBorrowed();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.Ownership_OwnershipBorrowed;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.Ownership.OwnershipBorrowed";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Ownership_OwnershipBorrowedMut : Ownership {
+    public Ownership_OwnershipBorrowedMut() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IOwnership DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IOwnership dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Ownership_OwnershipBorrowedMut();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.Ownership_OwnershipBorrowedMut;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.Ownership.OwnershipBorrowedMut";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Ownership_OwnershipAutoBorrowed : Ownership {
+    public Ownership_OwnershipAutoBorrowed() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IOwnership DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IOwnership dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Ownership_OwnershipAutoBorrowed();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.Ownership_OwnershipAutoBorrowed;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.Ownership.OwnershipAutoBorrowed";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IEnvironment {
+    bool is_Environment { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_names { get; }
+    Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> dtor_types { get; }
+    _IEnvironment DowncastClone();
+    DCOMP._IEnvironment ToOwned();
+    bool CanReadWithoutClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name);
+    bool HasCloneSemantics(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name);
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> GetType(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name);
+    bool IsBorrowed(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name);
+    bool IsBorrowedMut(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name);
+    DCOMP._IEnvironment AddAssigned(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe);
+    DCOMP._IEnvironment merge(DCOMP._IEnvironment other);
+    DCOMP._IEnvironment RemoveAssigned(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name);
+  }
+  public class Environment : _IEnvironment {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _names;
+    public readonly Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> _types;
+    public Environment(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> names, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> types) {
+      this._names = names;
+      this._types = types;
+    }
+    public _IEnvironment DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IEnvironment dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Environment(_names, _types);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.Environment;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._names, oth._names) && object.Equals(this._types, oth._types);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._names));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._types));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.Environment.Environment";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._names);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._types);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly DCOMP._IEnvironment theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Empty);
+    public static DCOMP._IEnvironment Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IEnvironment> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IEnvironment>(DCOMP.Environment.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IEnvironment> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IEnvironment create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> names, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> types) {
+      return new Environment(names, types);
+    }
+    public static _IEnvironment create_Environment(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> names, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> types) {
+      return create(names, types);
+    }
+    public bool is_Environment { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_names {
+      get {
+        return this._names;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> dtor_types {
+      get {
+        return this._types;
+      }
+    }
+    public DCOMP._IEnvironment ToOwned() {
+      DCOMP._IEnvironment _0_dt__update__tmp_h0 = this;
+      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> _1_dt__update_htypes_h0 = ((System.Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType>>)(() => {
+        var _coll0 = new System.Collections.Generic.List<Dafny.Pair<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType>>();
+        foreach (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _compr_0 in ((this).dtor_types).Keys.Elements) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2_k = (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>)_compr_0;
+          if (((this).dtor_types).Contains(_2_k)) {
+            _coll0.Add(new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType>(_2_k, (Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Select((this).dtor_types,_2_k)).ToOwned()));
+          }
+        }
+        return Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType>.FromCollection(_coll0);
+      }))();
+      return DCOMP.Environment.create((_0_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_names, _1_dt__update_htypes_h0);
+    }
+    public static DCOMP._IEnvironment Empty() {
+      return DCOMP.Environment.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.FromElements());
+    }
+    public bool CanReadWithoutClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return (((this).dtor_types).Contains(name)) && ((Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Select((this).dtor_types,name)).CanReadWithoutClone());
+    }
+    public bool HasCloneSemantics(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return !((this).CanReadWithoutClone(name));
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> GetType(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      if (((this).dtor_types).Contains(name)) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Select((this).dtor_types,name));
+      } else {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None();
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsBorrowed(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return (((this).dtor_types).Contains(name)) && ((Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Select((this).dtor_types,name)).is_Borrowed);
+    }
+    public bool IsBorrowedMut(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return (((this).dtor_types).Contains(name)) && ((Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Select((this).dtor_types,name)).is_BorrowedMut);
+    }
+    public DCOMP._IEnvironment AddAssigned(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe)
+    {
+      return DCOMP.Environment.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat((this).dtor_names, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(name)), Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Update((this).dtor_types, name, tpe));
+    }
+    public DCOMP._IEnvironment merge(DCOMP._IEnvironment other) {
+      return DCOMP.Environment.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat((this).dtor_names, (other).dtor_names), Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Merge((this).dtor_types, (other).dtor_types));
+    }
+    public DCOMP._IEnvironment RemoveAssigned(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      BigInteger _0_indexInEnv = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexOf<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>((this).dtor_names, name);
+      return DCOMP.Environment.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(((this).dtor_names).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, _0_indexInEnv), ((this).dtor_names).Drop((_0_indexInEnv) + (BigInteger.One))), Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Subtract((this).dtor_types, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(name)));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IPointerType {
+    bool is_Raw { get; }
+    bool is_RcMut { get; }
+    _IPointerType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class PointerType : _IPointerType {
+    public PointerType() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DCOMP._IPointerType theDefault = create_Raw();
+    public static DCOMP._IPointerType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IPointerType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IPointerType>(DCOMP.PointerType.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IPointerType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IPointerType create_Raw() {
+      return new PointerType_Raw();
+    }
+    public static _IPointerType create_RcMut() {
+      return new PointerType_RcMut();
+    }
+    public bool is_Raw { get { return this is PointerType_Raw; } }
+    public bool is_RcMut { get { return this is PointerType_RcMut; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IPointerType> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return PointerType.create_Raw();
+        yield return PointerType.create_RcMut();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IPointerType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class PointerType_Raw : PointerType {
+    public PointerType_Raw() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPointerType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPointerType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new PointerType_Raw();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.PointerType_Raw;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.PointerType.Raw";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class PointerType_RcMut : PointerType {
+    public PointerType_RcMut() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPointerType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPointerType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new PointerType_RcMut();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.PointerType_RcMut;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.PointerType.RcMut";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ICharType {
+    bool is_UTF16 { get; }
+    bool is_UTF32 { get; }
+    _ICharType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class CharType : _ICharType {
+    public CharType() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DCOMP._ICharType theDefault = create_UTF16();
+    public static DCOMP._ICharType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._ICharType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._ICharType>(DCOMP.CharType.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._ICharType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ICharType create_UTF16() {
+      return new CharType_UTF16();
+    }
+    public static _ICharType create_UTF32() {
+      return new CharType_UTF32();
+    }
+    public bool is_UTF16 { get { return this is CharType_UTF16; } }
+    public bool is_UTF32 { get { return this is CharType_UTF32; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_ICharType> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return CharType.create_UTF16();
+        yield return CharType.create_UTF32();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _ICharType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class CharType_UTF16 : CharType {
+    public CharType_UTF16() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ICharType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ICharType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new CharType_UTF16();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.CharType_UTF16;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.CharType.UTF16";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class CharType_UTF32 : CharType {
+    public CharType_UTF32() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ICharType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ICharType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new CharType_UTF32();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.CharType_UTF32;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.CharType.UTF32";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IRootType {
+    bool is_RootCrate { get; }
+    bool is_RootPath { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_moduleName { get; }
+    _IRootType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class RootType : _IRootType {
+    public RootType() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DCOMP._IRootType theDefault = create_RootCrate();
+    public static DCOMP._IRootType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IRootType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IRootType>(DCOMP.RootType.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IRootType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IRootType create_RootCrate() {
+      return new RootType_RootCrate();
+    }
+    public static _IRootType create_RootPath(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> moduleName) {
+      return new RootType_RootPath(moduleName);
+    }
+    public bool is_RootCrate { get { return this is RootType_RootCrate; } }
+    public bool is_RootPath { get { return this is RootType_RootPath; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_moduleName {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((RootType_RootPath)d)._moduleName;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IRootType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class RootType_RootCrate : RootType {
+    public RootType_RootCrate() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IRootType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IRootType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new RootType_RootCrate();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.RootType_RootCrate;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.RootType.RootCrate";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class RootType_RootPath : RootType {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _moduleName;
+    public RootType_RootPath(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> moduleName) : base() {
+      this._moduleName = moduleName;
+    }
+    public override _IRootType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IRootType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new RootType_RootPath(_moduleName);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.RootType_RootPath;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._moduleName, oth._moduleName);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._moduleName));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.RootType.RootPath";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._moduleName.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IGenTypeContext {
+    bool is_GenTypeContext { get; }
+    bool dtor_forTraitParents { get; }
+  }
+  public class GenTypeContext : _IGenTypeContext {
+    public readonly bool _forTraitParents;
+    public GenTypeContext(bool forTraitParents) {
+      this._forTraitParents = forTraitParents;
+    }
+    public static bool DowncastClone(bool _this) {
+      return _this;
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.GenTypeContext;
+      return oth != null && this._forTraitParents == oth._forTraitParents;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._forTraitParents));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.GenTypeContext.GenTypeContext";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._forTraitParents);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly bool theDefault = false;
+    public static bool Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<bool> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<bool>(false);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<bool> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IGenTypeContext create(bool forTraitParents) {
+      return new GenTypeContext(forTraitParents);
+    }
+    public static _IGenTypeContext create_GenTypeContext(bool forTraitParents) {
+      return create(forTraitParents);
+    }
+    public bool is_GenTypeContext { get { return true; } }
+    public bool dtor_forTraitParents {
+      get {
+        return this._forTraitParents;
+      }
+    }
+    public static bool ForTraitParents() {
+      return true;
+    }
+    public static bool @default() {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ISelfInfo {
+    bool is_NoSelf { get; }
+    bool is_ThisTyped { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_rSelfName { get; }
+    DAST._IType dtor_dafnyType { get; }
+    _ISelfInfo DowncastClone();
+    bool IsSelf();
+  }
+  public abstract class SelfInfo : _ISelfInfo {
+    public SelfInfo() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DCOMP._ISelfInfo theDefault = create_NoSelf();
+    public static DCOMP._ISelfInfo Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._ISelfInfo> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._ISelfInfo>(DCOMP.SelfInfo.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._ISelfInfo> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ISelfInfo create_NoSelf() {
+      return new SelfInfo_NoSelf();
+    }
+    public static _ISelfInfo create_ThisTyped(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> rSelfName, DAST._IType dafnyType) {
+      return new SelfInfo_ThisTyped(rSelfName, dafnyType);
+    }
+    public bool is_NoSelf { get { return this is SelfInfo_NoSelf; } }
+    public bool is_ThisTyped { get { return this is SelfInfo_ThisTyped; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_rSelfName {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((SelfInfo_ThisTyped)d)._rSelfName;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST._IType dtor_dafnyType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((SelfInfo_ThisTyped)d)._dafnyType;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _ISelfInfo DowncastClone();
+    public bool IsSelf() {
+      return ((this).is_ThisTyped) && (((this).dtor_rSelfName).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self")));
+    }
+  }
+  public class SelfInfo_NoSelf : SelfInfo {
+    public SelfInfo_NoSelf() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _ISelfInfo DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ISelfInfo dt) { return dt; }
+      return new SelfInfo_NoSelf();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.SelfInfo_NoSelf;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.SelfInfo.NoSelf";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class SelfInfo_ThisTyped : SelfInfo {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _rSelfName;
+    public readonly DAST._IType _dafnyType;
+    public SelfInfo_ThisTyped(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> rSelfName, DAST._IType dafnyType) : base() {
+      this._rSelfName = rSelfName;
+      this._dafnyType = dafnyType;
+    }
+    public override _ISelfInfo DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ISelfInfo dt) { return dt; }
+      return new SelfInfo_ThisTyped(_rSelfName, _dafnyType);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.SelfInfo_ThisTyped;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._rSelfName, oth._rSelfName) && object.Equals(this._dafnyType, oth._dafnyType);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._rSelfName));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._dafnyType));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.SelfInfo.ThisTyped";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._rSelfName.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._dafnyType);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IExternAttribute {
+    bool is_NoExtern { get; }
+    bool is_SimpleExtern { get; }
+    bool is_AdvancedExtern { get; }
+    bool is_UnsupportedExtern { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_overrideName { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_enclosingModule { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_reason { get; }
+    _IExternAttribute DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class ExternAttribute : _IExternAttribute {
+    public ExternAttribute() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DCOMP._IExternAttribute theDefault = create_NoExtern();
+    public static DCOMP._IExternAttribute Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IExternAttribute> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IExternAttribute>(DCOMP.ExternAttribute.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DCOMP._IExternAttribute> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IExternAttribute create_NoExtern() {
+      return new ExternAttribute_NoExtern();
+    }
+    public static _IExternAttribute create_SimpleExtern(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> overrideName) {
+      return new ExternAttribute_SimpleExtern(overrideName);
+    }
+    public static _IExternAttribute create_AdvancedExtern(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> overrideName) {
+      return new ExternAttribute_AdvancedExtern(enclosingModule, overrideName);
+    }
+    public static _IExternAttribute create_UnsupportedExtern(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> reason) {
+      return new ExternAttribute_UnsupportedExtern(reason);
+    }
+    public bool is_NoExtern { get { return this is ExternAttribute_NoExtern; } }
+    public bool is_SimpleExtern { get { return this is ExternAttribute_SimpleExtern; } }
+    public bool is_AdvancedExtern { get { return this is ExternAttribute_AdvancedExtern; } }
+    public bool is_UnsupportedExtern { get { return this is ExternAttribute_UnsupportedExtern; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_overrideName {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is ExternAttribute_SimpleExtern) { return ((ExternAttribute_SimpleExtern)d)._overrideName; }
+        return ((ExternAttribute_AdvancedExtern)d)._overrideName;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_enclosingModule {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ExternAttribute_AdvancedExtern)d)._enclosingModule;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_reason {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ExternAttribute_UnsupportedExtern)d)._reason;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IExternAttribute DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class ExternAttribute_NoExtern : ExternAttribute {
+    public ExternAttribute_NoExtern() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IExternAttribute DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExternAttribute dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ExternAttribute_NoExtern();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.ExternAttribute_NoExtern;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.ExternAttribute.NoExtern";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ExternAttribute_SimpleExtern : ExternAttribute {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _overrideName;
+    public ExternAttribute_SimpleExtern(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> overrideName) : base() {
+      this._overrideName = overrideName;
+    }
+    public override _IExternAttribute DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExternAttribute dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ExternAttribute_SimpleExtern(_overrideName);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.ExternAttribute_SimpleExtern;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._overrideName, oth._overrideName);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._overrideName));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.ExternAttribute.SimpleExtern";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._overrideName.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ExternAttribute_AdvancedExtern : ExternAttribute {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _enclosingModule;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _overrideName;
+    public ExternAttribute_AdvancedExtern(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> enclosingModule, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> overrideName) : base() {
+      this._enclosingModule = enclosingModule;
+      this._overrideName = overrideName;
+    }
+    public override _IExternAttribute DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExternAttribute dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ExternAttribute_AdvancedExtern(_enclosingModule, _overrideName);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.ExternAttribute_AdvancedExtern;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._enclosingModule, oth._enclosingModule) && object.Equals(this._overrideName, oth._overrideName);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._enclosingModule));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._overrideName));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.ExternAttribute.AdvancedExtern";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._enclosingModule.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._overrideName.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ExternAttribute_UnsupportedExtern : ExternAttribute {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _reason;
+    public ExternAttribute_UnsupportedExtern(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> reason) : base() {
+      this._reason = reason;
+    }
+    public override _IExternAttribute DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExternAttribute dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ExternAttribute_UnsupportedExtern(_reason);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DCOMP.ExternAttribute_UnsupportedExtern;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._reason, oth._reason);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._reason));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyToRustCompiler.ExternAttribute.UnsupportedExtern";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._reason.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public partial class COMP {
+    public COMP() {
+      this.error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Default();
+      this.optimizations = Dafny.Sequence<Func<RAST._IMod, RAST._IMod>>.Empty;
+      this._charType = DCOMP.CharType.Default();
+      this._pointerType = DCOMP.PointerType.Default();
+      this._rootType = DCOMP.RootType.Default();
+    }
+    public RAST._IType Object(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return RAST.__default.PtrType(underlying);
+      } else {
+        return RAST.__default.ObjectType(underlying);
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> UnreachablePanicIfVerified(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> optText) {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unsafe { ::std::hint::unreachable_unchecked() }");
+      } else if ((optText).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("panic!()");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("panic!(\""), optText), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\")"));
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> error {get; set;}
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Func<RAST._IMod, RAST._IMod>> optimizations {get; set;}
+    public void __ctor(DCOMP._ICharType charType, DCOMP._IPointerType pointerType, DCOMP._IRootType rootType)
+    {
+      (this)._charType = charType;
+      (this)._pointerType = pointerType;
+      (this)._rootType = rootType;
+      (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None();
+      (this).optimizations = Dafny.Sequence<Func<RAST._IMod, RAST._IMod>>.FromElements(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.apply((this).thisFile));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> ContainingPathToRust(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> containingPath) {
+      return Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_0_i) => {
+        return DCOMP.__default.escapeName((_0_i));
+      })), containingPath);
+    }
+    public bool HasAttribute(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name)
+    {
+      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>((_0_attributes, _1_name) => Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<DAST._IAttribute>((_0_attributes).UniqueElements, false, (((_exists_var_0) => {
+        DAST._IAttribute _2_attribute = (DAST._IAttribute)_exists_var_0;
+        return ((_0_attributes).Contains(_2_attribute)) && ((((_2_attribute).dtor_name).Equals(_1_name)) && ((new BigInteger(((_2_attribute).dtor_args).Count)).Sign == 0));
+      }))))(attributes, name);
+    }
+    public DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> GenModule(DAST._IModule mod, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> containingPath)
+    {
+      DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> s = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Default();
+      _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs0 = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.__default.DafnyNameToContainingPathAndName((mod).dtor_name, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements());
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _0_innerPath = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_innerName = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2_containingPath;
+      _2_containingPath = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(containingPath, _0_innerPath);
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_modName;
+      _3_modName = DCOMP.__default.escapeName(_1_innerName);
+      if (((mod).dtor_body).is_None) {
+        s = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.Wrap(DCOMP.COMP.ContainingPathToRust(_2_containingPath), RAST.Mod.create_ExternMod(_3_modName));
+      } else {
+        DCOMP._IExternAttribute _4_optExtern;
+        _4_optExtern = DCOMP.__default.ExtractExternMod(mod);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _5_attributes;
+        _5_attributes = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+        if ((this).HasAttribute((mod).dtor_attributes, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("rust_cfg_test"))) {
+          _5_attributes = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#[cfg(test)]"));
+        }
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _6_body;
+        DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _7_allmodules;
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _out0;
+        DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _out1;
+        (this).GenModuleBody(((mod).dtor_body).dtor_value, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_2_containingPath, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_1_innerName)), out _out0, out _out1);
+        _6_body = _out0;
+        _7_allmodules = _out1;
+        if ((_4_optExtern).is_SimpleExtern) {
+          if ((mod).dtor_requiresExterns) {
+            _6_body = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_UseDecl(RAST.Use.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), ((((this).thisFile).MSel(DCOMP.COMP.DAFNY__EXTERN__MODULE)).MSel(DCOMP.__default.ReplaceDotByDoubleColon((_4_optExtern).dtor_overrideName))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*"))))), _6_body);
+          }
+        } else if ((_4_optExtern).is_AdvancedExtern) {
+          (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Externs on modules can only have 1 string argument"));
+        } else if ((_4_optExtern).is_UnsupportedExtern) {
+          (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some((_4_optExtern).dtor_reason);
+        }
+        s = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.MergeSeqMap(DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.Wrap(DCOMP.COMP.ContainingPathToRust(_2_containingPath), RAST.Mod.create_Mod(_3_modName, _5_attributes, _6_body)), _7_allmodules);
+      }
+      return s;
+    }
+    public void GenModuleBody(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModuleItem> body, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> containingPath, out Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> s, out DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> allmodules)
+    {
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
+      allmodules = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Default();
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements();
+      allmodules = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Empty();
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((body).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _0_i = BigInteger.Zero; _0_i < _hi0; _0_i++) {
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _1_generated = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
+        DAST._IModuleItem _source0 = (body).Select(_0_i);
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Module) {
+            DAST._IModule _2_m = _source0.dtor_Module_a0;
+            DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _3_mm;
+            DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _out0;
+            _out0 = (this).GenModule(_2_m, containingPath);
+            _3_mm = _out0;
+            allmodules = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.MergeSeqMap(allmodules, _3_mm);
+            _1_generated = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements();
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Class) {
+            DAST._IClass _4_c = _source0.dtor_Class_a0;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _out1;
+            _out1 = (this).GenClass(_4_c, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(containingPath, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((_4_c).dtor_name)));
+            _1_generated = _out1;
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Trait) {
+            DAST._ITrait _5_t = _source0.dtor_Trait_a0;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _out2;
+            _out2 = (this).GenTrait(_5_t, containingPath);
+            _1_generated = _out2;
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Newtype) {
+            DAST._INewtype _6_n = _source0.dtor_Newtype_a0;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _out3;
+            _out3 = (this).GenNewtype(_6_n);
+            _1_generated = _out3;
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_SynonymType) {
+            DAST._ISynonymType _7_s = _source0.dtor_SynonymType_a0;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _out4;
+            _out4 = (this).GenSynonymType(_7_s);
+            _1_generated = _out4;
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          DAST._IDatatype _8_d = _source0.dtor_Datatype_a0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _out5;
+          _out5 = (this).GenDatatype(_8_d);
+          _1_generated = _out5;
+        }
+      after_match0: ;
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, _1_generated);
+      }
+    }
+    public void GenTypeParam(DAST._ITypeArgDecl tp, out DAST._IType typeArg, out RAST._ITypeParamDecl typeParam)
+    {
+      typeArg = DAST.Type.Default();
+      typeParam = RAST.TypeParamDecl.Default();
+      typeArg = DAST.Type.create_TypeArg((tp).dtor_name);
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _0_genTpConstraint;
+      if (((tp).dtor_bounds).Contains(DAST.TypeArgBound.create_SupportsEquality())) {
+        _0_genTpConstraint = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.DafnyTypeEq);
+      } else {
+        _0_genTpConstraint = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.DafnyType);
+      }
+      if (((tp).dtor_bounds).Contains(DAST.TypeArgBound.create_SupportsDefault())) {
+        _0_genTpConstraint = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_0_genTpConstraint, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.DefaultTrait));
+      }
+      typeParam = RAST.TypeParamDecl.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeName(((tp).dtor_name)), _0_genTpConstraint);
+    }
+    public void GenTypeParameters(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> @params, out Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeParamsSeq, out Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> typeParams, out Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> constrainedTypeParams, out Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> whereConstraints)
+    {
+      typeParamsSeq = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Empty;
+      typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Empty;
+      constrainedTypeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Empty;
+      whereConstraints = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+      typeParamsSeq = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      constrainedTypeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements();
+      whereConstraints = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+      if ((new BigInteger((@params).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+        BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((@params).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _0_tpI = BigInteger.Zero; _0_tpI < _hi0; _0_tpI++) {
+          DAST._ITypeArgDecl _1_tp;
+          _1_tp = (@params).Select(_0_tpI);
+          DAST._IType _2_typeArg;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _3_typeParam;
+          DAST._IType _out0;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _out1;
+          (this).GenTypeParam(_1_tp, out _out0, out _out1);
+          _2_typeArg = _out0;
+          _3_typeParam = _out1;
+          RAST._IType _4_rType;
+          RAST._IType _out2;
+          _out2 = (this).GenType(_2_typeArg, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+          _4_rType = _out2;
+          typeParamsSeq = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Concat(typeParamsSeq, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements(_2_typeArg));
+          typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(typeParams, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_4_rType));
+          constrainedTypeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Concat(constrainedTypeParams, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_3_typeParam));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsSameResolvedTypeAnyArgs(DAST._IResolvedType r1, DAST._IResolvedType r2)
+    {
+      return (((r1).dtor_path).Equals((r2).dtor_path)) && (object.Equals((r1).dtor_kind, (r2).dtor_kind));
+    }
+    public bool IsSameResolvedType(DAST._IResolvedType r1, DAST._IResolvedType r2)
+    {
+      return ((this).IsSameResolvedTypeAnyArgs(r1, r2)) && (((r1).dtor_typeArgs).Equals((r2).dtor_typeArgs));
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> GatherTypeParamNames(Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> types, RAST._IType typ)
+    {
+      return (typ).Fold<Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>(types, ((System.Func<Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, RAST._IType, Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>)((_0_types, _1_currentType) => {
+        return (((_1_currentType).is_TIdentifier) ? (Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_0_types, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((_1_currentType).dtor_name))) : (_0_types));
+      })));
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> GenClass(DAST._IClass c, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> path)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _0_typeParamsSeq;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1_rTypeParams;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _2_rTypeParamsDecls;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_whereConstraints;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _out0;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _out1;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _out2;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out3;
+      (this).GenTypeParameters((c).dtor_typeParams, out _out0, out _out1, out _out2, out _out3);
+      _0_typeParamsSeq = _out0;
+      _1_rTypeParams = _out1;
+      _2_rTypeParamsDecls = _out2;
+      _3_whereConstraints = _out3;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _4_constrainedTypeParams;
+      _4_constrainedTypeParams = RAST.TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.__default.IND, RAST.__default.IND));
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IField> _5_fields;
+      _5_fields = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _6_fieldInits;
+      _6_fieldInits = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _7_usedTypeParams;
+      _7_usedTypeParams = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger(((c).dtor_fields).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _8_fieldI = BigInteger.Zero; _8_fieldI < _hi0; _8_fieldI++) {
+        DAST._IField _9_field;
+        _9_field = ((c).dtor_fields).Select(_8_fieldI);
+        RAST._IType _10_fieldType;
+        RAST._IType _out4;
+        _out4 = (this).GenType(((_9_field).dtor_formal).dtor_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+        _10_fieldType = _out4;
+        _7_usedTypeParams = (this).GatherTypeParamNames(_7_usedTypeParams, _10_fieldType);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _11_fieldRustName;
+        _11_fieldRustName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(((_9_field).dtor_formal).dtor_name);
+        _5_fields = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.Concat(_5_fields, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.FromElements(RAST.Field.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), RAST.Formal.create(_11_fieldRustName, _10_fieldType))));
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _source0 = (_9_field).dtor_defaultValue;
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Some) {
+            DAST._IExpression _12_e = _source0.dtor_value;
+            {
+              RAST._IExpr _13_expr;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _14___v51;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _15___v52;
+              RAST._IExpr _out5;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out6;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out7;
+              (this).GenExpr(_12_e, DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf(), DCOMP.Environment.Empty(), DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out5, out _out6, out _out7);
+              _13_expr = _out5;
+              _14___v51 = _out6;
+              _15___v52 = _out7;
+              _6_fieldInits = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_6_fieldInits, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(_11_fieldRustName, _13_expr)));
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _16_default;
+            _16_default = RAST.__default.std__Default__default;
+            if ((_10_fieldType).IsObjectOrPointer()) {
+              _16_default = (_10_fieldType).ToNullExpr();
+            }
+            _6_fieldInits = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_6_fieldInits, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(_11_fieldRustName, _16_default)));
+          }
+        }
+      after_match0: ;
+      }
+      BigInteger _hi1 = new BigInteger(((c).dtor_typeParams).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _17_typeParamI = BigInteger.Zero; _17_typeParamI < _hi1; _17_typeParamI++) {
+        DAST._IType _18_typeArg;
+        RAST._ITypeParamDecl _19_typeParam;
+        DAST._IType _out8;
+        RAST._ITypeParamDecl _out9;
+        (this).GenTypeParam(((c).dtor_typeParams).Select(_17_typeParamI), out _out8, out _out9);
+        _18_typeArg = _out8;
+        _19_typeParam = _out9;
+        RAST._IType _20_rTypeArg;
+        RAST._IType _out10;
+        _out10 = (this).GenType(_18_typeArg, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+        _20_rTypeArg = _out10;
+        if ((_7_usedTypeParams).Contains((_19_typeParam).dtor_name)) {
+          goto continue_0;
+        }
+        _5_fields = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.Concat(_5_fields, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.FromElements(RAST.Field.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_phantom_type_param_"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_17_typeParamI)), RAST.Type.create_TypeApp((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("marker"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("PhantomData"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_20_rTypeArg))))));
+        _6_fieldInits = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_6_fieldInits, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_phantom_type_param_"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_17_typeParamI)), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::marker::PhantomData")))));
+      continue_0: ;
+      }
+    after_0: ;
+      DCOMP._IExternAttribute _21_extern;
+      _21_extern = DCOMP.__default.ExtractExtern((c).dtor_attributes, (c).dtor_name);
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _22_className = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+      if ((_21_extern).is_SimpleExtern) {
+        _22_className = (_21_extern).dtor_overrideName;
+      } else {
+        _22_className = DCOMP.__default.escapeName((c).dtor_name);
+        if ((_21_extern).is_AdvancedExtern) {
+          (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Multi-argument externs not supported for classes yet"));
+        }
+      }
+      RAST._IStruct _23_struct;
+      _23_struct = RAST.Struct.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), _22_className, _2_rTypeParamsDecls, RAST.Fields.create_NamedFields(_5_fields));
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements();
+      if ((_21_extern).is_NoExtern) {
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_StructDecl(_23_struct)));
+      }
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _24_implBody;
+      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>,Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _25_traitBodies;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _out11;
+      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>,Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _out12;
+      (this).GenClassImplBody((c).dtor_body, false, DAST.Type.create_UserDefined(DAST.ResolvedType.create(path, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements(), DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Class(), (c).dtor_attributes, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements())), _0_typeParamsSeq, out _out11, out _out12);
+      _24_implBody = _out11;
+      _25_traitBodies = _out12;
+      if (((_21_extern).is_NoExtern) && (!(_22_className).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_default")))) {
+        _24_implBody = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), RAST.Fn.create((this).allocate__fn, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some((this).Object(RAST.__default.SelfOwned)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).allocate)).AsExpr()).ApplyType1(RAST.__default.SelfOwned)).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()))))), _24_implBody);
+      }
+      RAST._IType _26_selfTypeForImpl = RAST.Type.Default();
+      if (((_21_extern).is_NoExtern) || ((_21_extern).is_UnsupportedExtern)) {
+        _26_selfTypeForImpl = RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_22_className);
+      } else if ((_21_extern).is_AdvancedExtern) {
+        _26_selfTypeForImpl = (((RAST.__default.crate).MSel((_21_extern).dtor_enclosingModule)).MSel((_21_extern).dtor_overrideName)).AsType();
+      } else if ((_21_extern).is_SimpleExtern) {
+        _26_selfTypeForImpl = RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier((_21_extern).dtor_overrideName);
+      }
+      if ((new BigInteger((_24_implBody).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+        RAST._IImpl _27_i;
+        _27_i = RAST.Impl.create_Impl(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(_26_selfTypeForImpl, _1_rTypeParams), _3_whereConstraints, _24_implBody);
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(_27_i)));
+      }
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _28_testMethods;
+      _28_testMethods = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements();
+      if ((_22_className).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_default"))) {
+        BigInteger _hi2 = new BigInteger(((c).dtor_body).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _29_i = BigInteger.Zero; _29_i < _hi2; _29_i++) {
+          DAST._IMethod _30_m;
+          DAST._IMethod _source1 = ((c).dtor_body).Select(_29_i);
+          {
+            DAST._IMethod _31_m = _source1;
+            _30_m = _31_m;
+          }
+        after_match1: ;
+          if (((this).HasAttribute((_30_m).dtor_attributes, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("test"))) && ((new BigInteger(((_30_m).dtor_params).Count)).Sign == 0)) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _32_fnName;
+            _32_fnName = DCOMP.__default.escapeName((_30_m).dtor_name);
+            _28_testMethods = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(_28_testMethods, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_TopFnDecl(RAST.TopFnDecl.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#[test]")), RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), RAST.Fn.create(_32_fnName, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(((RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_default"))).FSel(_32_fnName)).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements())))))));
+          }
+        }
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, _28_testMethods);
+      }
+      RAST._IType _33_genSelfPath;
+      RAST._IType _out13;
+      _out13 = (this).GenPathType(path);
+      _33_genSelfPath = _out13;
+      if (!(_22_className).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_default"))) {
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).Upcast)).AsType()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_DynType(RAST.__default.AnyTrait))), RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(_33_genSelfPath, _1_rTypeParams), _3_whereConstraints, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_ImplMemberMacro((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).UpcastFnMacro)).AsExpr()).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromType(RAST.Type.create_DynType(RAST.__default.AnyTrait)))))))));
+      }
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _34_superClasses;
+      if ((_22_className).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_default"))) {
+        _34_superClasses = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      } else {
+        _34_superClasses = (c).dtor_superClasses;
+      }
+      BigInteger _hi3 = new BigInteger((_34_superClasses).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _35_i = BigInteger.Zero; _35_i < _hi3; _35_i++) {
+        DAST._IType _36_superClass;
+        _36_superClass = (_34_superClasses).Select(_35_i);
+        DAST._IType _source2 = _36_superClass;
+        {
+          if (_source2.is_UserDefined) {
+            DAST._IResolvedType resolved0 = _source2.dtor_resolved;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _37_traitPath = resolved0.dtor_path;
+            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _38_typeArgs = resolved0.dtor_typeArgs;
+            DAST._IResolvedTypeBase kind0 = resolved0.dtor_kind;
+            if (kind0.is_Trait) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _39_properMethods = resolved0.dtor_properMethods;
+              {
+                RAST._IType _40_pathStr;
+                RAST._IType _out14;
+                _out14 = (this).GenPathType(_37_traitPath);
+                _40_pathStr = _out14;
+                Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _41_typeArgs;
+                Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _out15;
+                _out15 = (this).GenTypeArgs(_38_typeArgs, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                _41_typeArgs = _out15;
+                Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _42_body;
+                _42_body = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements();
+                if ((_25_traitBodies).Contains(_37_traitPath)) {
+                  _42_body = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.Select(_25_traitBodies,_37_traitPath);
+                }
+                RAST._IType _43_traitType;
+                _43_traitType = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(_40_pathStr, _41_typeArgs);
+                if (!((_21_extern).is_NoExtern)) {
+                  if (((new BigInteger((_42_body).Count)).Sign == 0) && ((new BigInteger((_39_properMethods).Count)).Sign != 0)) {
+                    goto continue_1;
+                  }
+                  if ((new BigInteger((_42_body).Count)) != (new BigInteger((_39_properMethods).Count))) {
+                    (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Error: In the class "), RAST.__default.SeqToString<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(path, ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_44_s) => {
+  return ((_44_s));
+})), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("."))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", some proper methods of ")), (_43_traitType)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" are marked {:extern} and some are not.")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" For the Rust compiler, please make all methods (")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(_39_properMethods, ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_45_s) => {
+  return (_45_s);
+})), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")  bodiless and mark as {:extern} and implement them in a Rust file, ")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("or mark none of them as {:extern} and implement them in Dafny. ")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Alternatively, you can insert an intermediate trait that performs the partial implementation if feasible.")));
+                  }
+                }
+                RAST._IModDecl _46_x;
+                _46_x = RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, _43_traitType, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(_33_genSelfPath, _1_rTypeParams), _3_whereConstraints, _42_body));
+                s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(_46_x));
+                s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).Upcast)).AsType()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_DynType(_43_traitType))), RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(_33_genSelfPath, _1_rTypeParams), _3_whereConstraints, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_ImplMemberMacro((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).UpcastFnMacro)).AsExpr()).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromType(RAST.Type.create_DynType(_43_traitType)))))))));
+              }
+              goto after_match2;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+        }
+      after_match2: ;
+      continue_1: ;
+      }
+    after_1: ;
+      return s;
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> GenTrait(DAST._ITrait t, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> containingPath)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _0_typeParamsSeq;
+      _0_typeParamsSeq = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _1_typeParamDecls;
+      _1_typeParamDecls = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _2_typeParams;
+      _2_typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      if ((new BigInteger(((t).dtor_typeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+        BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger(((t).dtor_typeParams).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _3_tpI = BigInteger.Zero; _3_tpI < _hi0; _3_tpI++) {
+          DAST._ITypeArgDecl _4_tp;
+          _4_tp = ((t).dtor_typeParams).Select(_3_tpI);
+          DAST._IType _5_typeArg;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _6_typeParamDecl;
+          DAST._IType _out0;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _out1;
+          (this).GenTypeParam(_4_tp, out _out0, out _out1);
+          _5_typeArg = _out0;
+          _6_typeParamDecl = _out1;
+          _0_typeParamsSeq = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.Concat(_0_typeParamsSeq, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements(_5_typeArg));
+          _1_typeParamDecls = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Concat(_1_typeParamDecls, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_6_typeParamDecl));
+          RAST._IType _7_typeParam;
+          RAST._IType _out2;
+          _out2 = (this).GenType(_5_typeArg, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+          _7_typeParam = _out2;
+          _2_typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_2_typeParams, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_7_typeParam));
+        }
+      }
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _8_fullPath;
+      _8_fullPath = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(containingPath, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((t).dtor_name));
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _9_implBody;
+      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>,Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _10___v56;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _out3;
+      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>,Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _out4;
+      (this).GenClassImplBody((t).dtor_body, true, DAST.Type.create_UserDefined(DAST.ResolvedType.create(_8_fullPath, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements(), DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Trait(), (t).dtor_attributes, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements())), _0_typeParamsSeq, out _out3, out _out4);
+      _9_implBody = _out3;
+      _10___v56 = _out4;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _11_parents;
+      _11_parents = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi1 = new BigInteger(((t).dtor_parents).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _12_i = BigInteger.Zero; _12_i < _hi1; _12_i++) {
+        RAST._IType _13_tpe;
+        RAST._IType _out5;
+        _out5 = (this).GenType(((t).dtor_parents).Select(_12_i), DCOMP.GenTypeContext.ForTraitParents());
+        _13_tpe = _out5;
+        _11_parents = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_11_parents, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_13_tpe)), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).Upcast)).AsType()).Apply1(RAST.Type.create_DynType(_13_tpe))));
+      }
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_TraitDecl(RAST.Trait.create(_1_typeParamDecls, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(DCOMP.__default.escapeName((t).dtor_name)), _2_typeParams), _11_parents, _9_implBody)));
+      return s;
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> GenNewtype(DAST._INewtype c)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _0_typeParamsSeq;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1_rTypeParams;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _2_rTypeParamsDecls;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_whereConstraints;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _out0;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _out1;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _out2;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out3;
+      (this).GenTypeParameters((c).dtor_typeParams, out _out0, out _out1, out _out2, out _out3);
+      _0_typeParamsSeq = _out0;
+      _1_rTypeParams = _out1;
+      _2_rTypeParamsDecls = _out2;
+      _3_whereConstraints = _out3;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _4_constrainedTypeParams;
+      _4_constrainedTypeParams = RAST.TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.__default.IND, RAST.__default.IND));
+      RAST._IType _5_underlyingType = RAST.Type.Default();
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _source0 = DCOMP.COMP.NewtypeRangeToRustType((c).dtor_range);
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Some) {
+          RAST._IType _6_v = _source0.dtor_value;
+          _5_underlyingType = _6_v;
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        RAST._IType _out4;
+        _out4 = (this).GenType((c).dtor_base, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+        _5_underlyingType = _out4;
+      }
+    after_match0: ;
+      DAST._IType _7_resultingType;
+      _7_resultingType = DAST.Type.create_UserDefined(DAST.ResolvedType.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements(), DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Newtype((c).dtor_base, (c).dtor_range, false), (c).dtor_attributes, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements()));
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _8_newtypeName;
+      _8_newtypeName = DCOMP.__default.escapeName((c).dtor_name);
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_StructDecl(RAST.Struct.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#[derive(Clone, PartialEq)]"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#[repr(transparent)]")), _8_newtypeName, _2_rTypeParamsDecls, RAST.Fields.create_NamelessFields(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._INamelessField>.FromElements(RAST.NamelessField.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), _5_underlyingType))))));
+      RAST._IExpr _9_fnBody;
+      _9_fnBody = RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_8_newtypeName);
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _source1 = (c).dtor_witnessExpr;
+      {
+        if (_source1.is_Some) {
+          DAST._IExpression _10_e = _source1.dtor_value;
+          {
+            DAST._IExpression _11_e;
+            if (object.Equals((c).dtor_base, _7_resultingType)) {
+              _11_e = _10_e;
+            } else {
+              _11_e = DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_10_e, (c).dtor_base, _7_resultingType);
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _12_eStr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _13___v57;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _14___v58;
+            RAST._IExpr _out5;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out6;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out7;
+            (this).GenExpr(_11_e, DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf(), DCOMP.Environment.Empty(), DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out5, out _out6, out _out7);
+            _12_eStr = _out5;
+            _13___v57 = _out6;
+            _14___v58 = _out7;
+            _9_fnBody = (_9_fnBody).Apply1(_12_eStr);
+          }
+          goto after_match1;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        {
+          _9_fnBody = (_9_fnBody).Apply1(RAST.__default.std__Default__default);
+        }
+      }
+    after_match1: ;
+      RAST._IImplMember _15_body;
+      _15_body = RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("default"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.__default.SelfOwned), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_9_fnBody)));
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._INewtypeConstraint> _source2 = (c).dtor_constraint;
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_None) {
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        DAST._INewtypeConstraint value0 = _source2.dtor_value;
+        DAST._IFormal _16_formal = value0.dtor_variable;
+        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _17_constraintStmts = value0.dtor_constraintStmts;
+        RAST._IExpr _18_rStmts;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _19___v59;
+        DCOMP._IEnvironment _20_newEnv;
+        RAST._IExpr _out8;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out9;
+        DCOMP._IEnvironment _out10;
+        (this).GenStmts(_17_constraintStmts, DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf(), DCOMP.Environment.Empty(), false, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>.create_None(), out _out8, out _out9, out _out10);
+        _18_rStmts = _out8;
+        _19___v59 = _out9;
+        _20_newEnv = _out10;
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _21_rFormals;
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _out11;
+        _out11 = (this).GenParams(Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.FromElements(_16_formal), false);
+        _21_rFormals = _out11;
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_Impl(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_8_newtypeName), _1_rTypeParams), _3_whereConstraints, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("is"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), _21_rFormals, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_Bool()), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_18_rStmts))))))));
+      }
+    after_match2: ;
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, RAST.__default.DefaultTrait, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_8_newtypeName), _1_rTypeParams), _3_whereConstraints, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(_15_body)))));
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, RAST.__default.DafnyPrint, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_8_newtypeName), _1_rTypeParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt_print"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.selfBorrowed, RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_formatter"), RAST.__default.RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut ::std::fmt::Formatter"))), RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("in_seq"), RAST.Type.create_Bool())), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.__default.RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::fmt::Result"))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(&self.0, _formatter, in_seq)"))))))))));
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, RAST.__default.RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref")), RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_8_newtypeName), _1_rTypeParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_RawImplMember(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("type Target = "), (_5_underlyingType)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"))), RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("deref"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.selfBorrowed), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(((RAST.Path.create_Self()).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Target"))).AsType())), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&self.0"))))))))));
+      return s;
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> GenSynonymType(DAST._ISynonymType c)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _0_typeParamsSeq;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1_rTypeParams;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _2_rTypeParamsDecls;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_whereConstraints;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _out0;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _out1;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _out2;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out3;
+      (this).GenTypeParameters((c).dtor_typeParams, out _out0, out _out1, out _out2, out _out3);
+      _0_typeParamsSeq = _out0;
+      _1_rTypeParams = _out1;
+      _2_rTypeParamsDecls = _out2;
+      _3_whereConstraints = _out3;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _4_synonymTypeName;
+      _4_synonymTypeName = DCOMP.__default.escapeName((c).dtor_name);
+      RAST._IType _5_resultingType;
+      RAST._IType _out4;
+      _out4 = (this).GenType((c).dtor_base, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+      _5_resultingType = _out4;
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_TypeDecl(RAST.TypeSynonym.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), _4_synonymTypeName, _2_rTypeParamsDecls, _5_resultingType)));
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _6_defaultConstrainedTypeParams;
+      _6_defaultConstrainedTypeParams = RAST.TypeParamDecl.AddConstraintsMultiple(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.DefaultTrait));
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _source0 = (c).dtor_witnessExpr;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Some) {
+          DAST._IExpression _7_e = _source0.dtor_value;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _8_rStmts;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _9___v60;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _10_newEnv;
+            RAST._IExpr _out5;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out6;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _out7;
+            (this).GenStmts((c).dtor_witnessStmts, DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf(), DCOMP.Environment.Empty(), false, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>.create_None(), out _out5, out _out6, out _out7);
+            _8_rStmts = _out5;
+            _9___v60 = _out6;
+            _10_newEnv = _out7;
+            RAST._IExpr _11_rExpr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _12___v61;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _13___v62;
+            RAST._IExpr _out8;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out9;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out10;
+            (this).GenExpr(_7_e, DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf(), _10_newEnv, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out8, out _out9, out _out10);
+            _11_rExpr = _out8;
+            _12___v61 = _out9;
+            _13___v62 = _out10;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _14_constantName;
+            _14_constantName = DCOMP.__default.escapeName(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_init_"), ((c).dtor_name)));
+            s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_TopFnDecl(RAST.TopFnDecl.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), RAST.Fn.create(_14_constantName, _6_defaultConstrainedTypeParams, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(_5_resultingType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some((_8_rStmts).Then(_11_rExpr)))))));
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+      }
+    after_match0: ;
+      return s;
+    }
+    public bool TypeIsEq(DAST._IType t) {
+      DAST._IType _source0 = t;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UserDefined) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Tuple) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _0_ts = _source0.dtor_Tuple_a0;
+          return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType>, bool>>((_1_ts) => Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<DAST._IType>((_1_ts).UniqueElements, true, (((_forall_var_0) => {
+            DAST._IType _2_t = (DAST._IType)_forall_var_0;
+            return !((_1_ts).Contains(_2_t)) || ((this).TypeIsEq(_2_t));
+          }))))(_0_ts);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Array) {
+          DAST._IType _3_t = _source0.dtor_element;
+          return (this).TypeIsEq(_3_t);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Seq) {
+          DAST._IType _4_t = _source0.dtor_element;
+          return (this).TypeIsEq(_4_t);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Set) {
+          DAST._IType _5_t = _source0.dtor_element;
+          return (this).TypeIsEq(_5_t);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Multiset) {
+          DAST._IType _6_t = _source0.dtor_element;
+          return (this).TypeIsEq(_6_t);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Map) {
+          DAST._IType _7_k = _source0.dtor_key;
+          DAST._IType _8_v = _source0.dtor_value;
+          return ((this).TypeIsEq(_7_k)) && ((this).TypeIsEq(_8_v));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SetBuilder) {
+          DAST._IType _9_t = _source0.dtor_element;
+          return (this).TypeIsEq(_9_t);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_MapBuilder) {
+          DAST._IType _10_k = _source0.dtor_key;
+          DAST._IType _11_v = _source0.dtor_value;
+          return ((this).TypeIsEq(_10_k)) && ((this).TypeIsEq(_11_v));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Arrow) {
+          return false;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Primitive) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Passthrough) {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeArg) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _12_i = _source0.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool DatatypeIsEq(DAST._IDatatype c) {
+      return (!((c).dtor_isCo)) && (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<DAST._IDatatype, bool>>((_0_c) => Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<DAST._IDatatypeCtor>(((_0_c).dtor_ctors).UniqueElements, true, (((_forall_var_0) => {
+        DAST._IDatatypeCtor _1_ctor = (DAST._IDatatypeCtor)_forall_var_0;
+        return Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<DAST._IDatatypeDtor>(((_1_ctor).dtor_args).UniqueElements, true, (((_forall_var_1) => {
+          DAST._IDatatypeDtor _2_arg = (DAST._IDatatypeDtor)_forall_var_1;
+          return !((((_0_c).dtor_ctors).Contains(_1_ctor)) && (((_1_ctor).dtor_args).Contains(_2_arg))) || ((this).TypeIsEq(((_2_arg).dtor_formal).dtor_typ));
+        })));
+      }))))(c));
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> GenDatatype(DAST._IDatatype c)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _0_typeParamsSeq;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1_rTypeParams;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _2_rTypeParamsDecls;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_whereConstraints;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _out0;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _out1;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _out2;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out3;
+      (this).GenTypeParameters((c).dtor_typeParams, out _out0, out _out1, out _out2, out _out3);
+      _0_typeParamsSeq = _out0;
+      _1_rTypeParams = _out1;
+      _2_rTypeParamsDecls = _out2;
+      _3_whereConstraints = _out3;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _4_datatypeName;
+      _4_datatypeName = DCOMP.__default.escapeName((c).dtor_name);
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> _5_ctors;
+      _5_ctors = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IVariance> _6_variances;
+      _6_variances = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<DAST._ITypeArgDecl, DAST._IVariance>(((System.Func<DAST._ITypeArgDecl, DAST._IVariance>)((_7_typeParamDecl) => {
+        return (_7_typeParamDecl).dtor_variance;
+      })), (c).dtor_typeParams);
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _8_singletonConstructors;
+      _8_singletonConstructors = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _9_usedTypeParams;
+      _9_usedTypeParams = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _10_i = BigInteger.Zero; _10_i < _hi0; _10_i++) {
+        DAST._IDatatypeCtor _11_ctor;
+        _11_ctor = ((c).dtor_ctors).Select(_10_i);
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IField> _12_ctorArgs;
+        _12_ctorArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.FromElements();
+        bool _13_isNumeric;
+        _13_isNumeric = false;
+        if ((new BigInteger(((_11_ctor).dtor_args).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+          RAST._IExpr _14_instantiation;
+          _14_instantiation = RAST.Expr.create_StructBuild((RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_4_datatypeName)).FSel(DCOMP.__default.escapeName((_11_ctor).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements());
+          if ((this).IsRcWrapped((c).dtor_attributes)) {
+            _14_instantiation = RAST.__default.RcNew(_14_instantiation);
+          }
+          _8_singletonConstructors = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_8_singletonConstructors, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_14_instantiation));
+        }
+        BigInteger _hi1 = new BigInteger(((_11_ctor).dtor_args).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _15_j = BigInteger.Zero; _15_j < _hi1; _15_j++) {
+          DAST._IDatatypeDtor _16_dtor;
+          _16_dtor = ((_11_ctor).dtor_args).Select(_15_j);
+          RAST._IType _17_formalType;
+          RAST._IType _out4;
+          _out4 = (this).GenType(((_16_dtor).dtor_formal).dtor_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+          _17_formalType = _out4;
+          _9_usedTypeParams = (this).GatherTypeParamNames(_9_usedTypeParams, _17_formalType);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _18_formalName;
+          _18_formalName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(((_16_dtor).dtor_formal).dtor_name);
+          if (((_15_j).Sign == 0) && ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0")).Equals(_18_formalName))) {
+            _13_isNumeric = true;
+          }
+          if ((((_15_j).Sign != 0) && (_13_isNumeric)) && (!(Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_15_j)).Equals(_18_formalName))) {
+            (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Formal extern names were supposed to be numeric but got "), _18_formalName), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" instead of ")), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_15_j)));
+            _13_isNumeric = false;
+          }
+          if ((c).dtor_isCo) {
+            _12_ctorArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.Concat(_12_ctorArgs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.FromElements(RAST.Field.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Formal.create(_18_formalName, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("LazyFieldWrapper"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_17_formalType))))));
+          } else {
+            _12_ctorArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.Concat(_12_ctorArgs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.FromElements(RAST.Field.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Formal.create(_18_formalName, _17_formalType))));
+          }
+        }
+        RAST._IFields _19_namedFields;
+        _19_namedFields = RAST.Fields.create_NamedFields(_12_ctorArgs);
+        if (_13_isNumeric) {
+          _19_namedFields = (_19_namedFields).ToNamelessFields();
+        }
+        _5_ctors = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.Concat(_5_ctors, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.FromElements(RAST.EnumCase.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeName((_11_ctor).dtor_name), _19_namedFields)));
+      }
+      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _20_unusedTypeParams;
+      _20_unusedTypeParams = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>, Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_21_rTypeParamsDecls) => ((System.Func<Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>)(() => {
+        var _coll0 = new System.Collections.Generic.List<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>();
+        foreach (RAST._ITypeParamDecl _compr_0 in (_21_rTypeParamsDecls).CloneAsArray()) {
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _22_tp = (RAST._ITypeParamDecl)_compr_0;
+          if ((_21_rTypeParamsDecls).Contains(_22_tp)) {
+            _coll0.Add((_22_tp).dtor_name);
+          }
+        }
+        return Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromCollection(_coll0);
+      }))())(_2_rTypeParamsDecls), _9_usedTypeParams);
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _23_selfPath;
+      _23_selfPath = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((c).dtor_name);
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _24_implBodyRaw;
+      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>,Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _25_traitBodies;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _out5;
+      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>,Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> _out6;
+      (this).GenClassImplBody((c).dtor_body, false, DAST.Type.create_UserDefined(DAST.ResolvedType.create(_23_selfPath, _0_typeParamsSeq, DAST.ResolvedTypeBase.create_Datatype(_6_variances), (c).dtor_attributes, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IType>.FromElements())), _0_typeParamsSeq, out _out5, out _out6);
+      _24_implBodyRaw = _out5;
+      _25_traitBodies = _out6;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _26_implBody;
+      _26_implBody = _24_implBodyRaw;
+      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _27_emittedFields;
+      _27_emittedFields = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi2 = new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _28_i = BigInteger.Zero; _28_i < _hi2; _28_i++) {
+        DAST._IDatatypeCtor _29_ctor;
+        _29_ctor = ((c).dtor_ctors).Select(_28_i);
+        BigInteger _hi3 = new BigInteger(((_29_ctor).dtor_args).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _30_j = BigInteger.Zero; _30_j < _hi3; _30_j++) {
+          DAST._IDatatypeDtor _31_dtor;
+          _31_dtor = ((_29_ctor).dtor_args).Select(_30_j);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _32_callName;
+          _32_callName = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.GetOr((_31_dtor).dtor_callName, DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(((_31_dtor).dtor_formal).dtor_name));
+          if (!((_27_emittedFields).Contains(_32_callName))) {
+            _27_emittedFields = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_27_emittedFields, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_32_callName));
+            RAST._IType _33_formalType;
+            RAST._IType _out7;
+            _out7 = (this).GenType(((_31_dtor).dtor_formal).dtor_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _33_formalType = _out7;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> _34_cases;
+            _34_cases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _hi4 = new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _35_k = BigInteger.Zero; _35_k < _hi4; _35_k++) {
+              DAST._IDatatypeCtor _36_ctor2;
+              _36_ctor2 = ((c).dtor_ctors).Select(_35_k);
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _37_pattern;
+              _37_pattern = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_4_datatypeName, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), DCOMP.__default.escapeName((_36_ctor2).dtor_name));
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _38_rhs = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+              Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _39_hasMatchingField;
+              _39_hasMatchingField = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None();
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _40_patternInner;
+              _40_patternInner = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+              bool _41_isNumeric;
+              _41_isNumeric = false;
+              BigInteger _hi5 = new BigInteger(((_36_ctor2).dtor_args).Count);
+              for (BigInteger _42_l = BigInteger.Zero; _42_l < _hi5; _42_l++) {
+                DAST._IDatatypeDtor _43_dtor2;
+                _43_dtor2 = ((_36_ctor2).dtor_args).Select(_42_l);
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _44_patternName;
+                _44_patternName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(((_43_dtor2).dtor_formal).dtor_name);
+                if (((_42_l).Sign == 0) && ((_44_patternName).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0")))) {
+                  _41_isNumeric = true;
+                }
+                if (_41_isNumeric) {
+                  _44_patternName = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.GetOr((_43_dtor2).dtor_callName, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("v"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_42_l)));
+                }
+                if (object.Equals(((_31_dtor).dtor_formal).dtor_name, ((_43_dtor2).dtor_formal).dtor_name)) {
+                  _39_hasMatchingField = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(_44_patternName);
+                }
+                _40_patternInner = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_40_patternInner, _44_patternName), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
+              }
+              if (_41_isNumeric) {
+                _37_pattern = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_37_pattern, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _40_patternInner), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
+              } else {
+                _37_pattern = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_37_pattern, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{")), _40_patternInner), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+              }
+              if ((_39_hasMatchingField).is_Some) {
+                if ((c).dtor_isCo) {
+                  _38_rhs = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Deref::deref(&"), (_39_hasMatchingField).dtor_value), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0)"));
+                } else {
+                  _38_rhs = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_39_hasMatchingField).dtor_value, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+                }
+              } else {
+                _38_rhs = (this).UnreachablePanicIfVerified(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("field does not exist on this variant"));
+              }
+              RAST._IMatchCase _45_ctorMatch;
+              _45_ctorMatch = RAST.MatchCase.create(_37_pattern, RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(_38_rhs));
+              _34_cases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_34_cases, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(_45_ctorMatch));
+            }
+            if (((new BigInteger(((c).dtor_typeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) && ((new BigInteger((_20_unusedTypeParams).Count)).Sign == 1)) {
+              _34_cases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_34_cases, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(RAST.MatchCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_4_datatypeName, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::_PhantomVariant(..)")), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr((this).UnreachablePanicIfVerified(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))))));
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _46_methodBody;
+            _46_methodBody = RAST.Expr.create_Match(RAST.__default.self, _34_cases);
+            _26_implBody = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Concat(_26_implBody, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), RAST.Fn.create(_32_callName, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.selfBorrowed), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_33_formalType)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_46_methodBody)))));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _47_coerceTypes;
+      _47_coerceTypes = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _48_rCoerceTypeParams;
+      _48_rCoerceTypeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _49_coerceArguments;
+      _49_coerceArguments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.IMap<DAST._IType,DAST._IType> _50_coerceMap;
+      _50_coerceMap = Dafny.Map<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.IMap<RAST._IType,RAST._IType> _51_rCoerceMap;
+      _51_rCoerceMap = Dafny.Map<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr> _52_coerceMapToArg;
+      _52_coerceMapToArg = Dafny.Map<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>, RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+      if ((new BigInteger(((c).dtor_typeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _53_types;
+        _53_types = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+        BigInteger _hi6 = new BigInteger(((c).dtor_typeParams).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _54_typeI = BigInteger.Zero; _54_typeI < _hi6; _54_typeI++) {
+          DAST._ITypeArgDecl _55_typeParam;
+          _55_typeParam = ((c).dtor_typeParams).Select(_54_typeI);
+          DAST._IType _56_typeArg;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _57_rTypeParamDecl;
+          DAST._IType _out8;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _out9;
+          (this).GenTypeParam(_55_typeParam, out _out8, out _out9);
+          _56_typeArg = _out8;
+          _57_rTypeParamDecl = _out9;
+          RAST._IType _58_rTypeArg;
+          RAST._IType _out10;
+          _out10 = (this).GenType(_56_typeArg, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+          _58_rTypeArg = _out10;
+          _53_types = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_53_types, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_TypeApp((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("marker"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("PhantomData"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_58_rTypeArg))));
+          if (((_54_typeI) < (new BigInteger((_6_variances).Count))) && (((_6_variances).Select(_54_typeI)).is_Nonvariant)) {
+            _47_coerceTypes = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_47_coerceTypes, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_58_rTypeArg));
+            goto continue_2_0;
+          }
+          DAST._ITypeArgDecl _59_coerceTypeParam;
+          DAST._ITypeArgDecl _60_dt__update__tmp_h0 = _55_typeParam;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _61_dt__update_hname_h0 = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_T"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_54_typeI));
+          _59_coerceTypeParam = DAST.TypeArgDecl.create(_61_dt__update_hname_h0, (_60_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_bounds, (_60_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_variance);
+          DAST._IType _62_coerceTypeArg;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _63_rCoerceTypeParamDecl;
+          DAST._IType _out11;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _out12;
+          (this).GenTypeParam(_59_coerceTypeParam, out _out11, out _out12);
+          _62_coerceTypeArg = _out11;
+          _63_rCoerceTypeParamDecl = _out12;
+          _50_coerceMap = Dafny.Map<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>.Merge(_50_coerceMap, Dafny.Map<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>(_56_typeArg, _62_coerceTypeArg)));
+          RAST._IType _64_rCoerceType;
+          RAST._IType _out13;
+          _out13 = (this).GenType(_62_coerceTypeArg, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+          _64_rCoerceType = _out13;
+          _51_rCoerceMap = Dafny.Map<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>.Merge(_51_rCoerceMap, Dafny.Map<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>(_58_rTypeArg, _64_rCoerceType)));
+          _47_coerceTypes = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_47_coerceTypes, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_64_rCoerceType));
+          _48_rCoerceTypeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Concat(_48_rCoerceTypeParams, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_63_rCoerceTypeParamDecl));
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _65_coerceFormal;
+          _65_coerceFormal = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("f_"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_54_typeI));
+          _52_coerceMapToArg = Dafny.Map<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>, RAST._IExpr>.Merge(_52_coerceMapToArg, Dafny.Map<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>, RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>, RAST._IExpr>(_System.Tuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>.create(_58_rTypeArg, _64_rCoerceType), (RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_65_coerceFormal)).Clone())));
+          _49_coerceArguments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(_49_coerceArguments, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.create(_65_coerceFormal, RAST.__default.Rc(RAST.Type.create_IntersectionType(RAST.Type.create_ImplType(RAST.Type.create_FnType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_58_rTypeArg), _64_rCoerceType)), RAST.__default.StaticTrait)))));
+        continue_2_0: ;
+        }
+      after_2_0: ;
+        if ((new BigInteger((_20_unusedTypeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+          _5_ctors = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.Concat(_5_ctors, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.FromElements(RAST.EnumCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_PhantomVariant"), RAST.Fields.create_NamelessFields(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<RAST._IType, RAST._INamelessField>(((System.Func<RAST._IType, RAST._INamelessField>)((_66_tpe) => {
+  return RAST.NamelessField.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), _66_tpe);
+})), _53_types)))));
+        }
+      }
+      bool _67_cIsEq;
+      _67_cIsEq = (this).DatatypeIsEq(c);
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_EnumDecl(RAST.Enum.create(((_67_cIsEq) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]"))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#[derive(Clone)]")))), _4_datatypeName, _2_rTypeParamsDecls, _5_ctors)), RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_Impl(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _1_rTypeParams), _3_whereConstraints, _26_implBody)));
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> _68_printImplBodyCases;
+      _68_printImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> _69_hashImplBodyCases;
+      _69_hashImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> _70_coerceImplBodyCases;
+      _70_coerceImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi7 = new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _71_i = BigInteger.Zero; _71_i < _hi7; _71_i++) {
+        DAST._IDatatypeCtor _72_ctor;
+        _72_ctor = ((c).dtor_ctors).Select(_71_i);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _73_ctorMatch;
+        _73_ctorMatch = DCOMP.__default.escapeName((_72_ctor).dtor_name);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _74_modulePrefix;
+        if (((((c).dtor_enclosingModule))).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_module"))) {
+          _74_modulePrefix = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+        } else {
+          _74_modulePrefix = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((((c).dtor_enclosingModule)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("."));
+        }
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _75_ctorName;
+        _75_ctorName = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_74_modulePrefix, ((c).dtor_name)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), ((_72_ctor).dtor_name));
+        if (((new BigInteger((_75_ctorName).Count)) >= (new BigInteger(13))) && (((_75_ctorName).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, new BigInteger(13))).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_System.Tuple")))) {
+          _75_ctorName = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+        }
+        RAST._IExpr _76_printRhs;
+        _76_printRhs = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("write!(_formatter, \""), _75_ctorName), (((_72_ctor).dtor_hasAnyArgs) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(\")?")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\")?")))));
+        RAST._IExpr _77_hashRhs;
+        _77_hashRhs = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _78_coerceRhsArgs;
+        _78_coerceRhsArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements();
+        bool _79_isNumeric;
+        _79_isNumeric = false;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _80_ctorMatchInner;
+        _80_ctorMatchInner = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+        BigInteger _hi8 = new BigInteger(((_72_ctor).dtor_args).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _81_j = BigInteger.Zero; _81_j < _hi8; _81_j++) {
+          DAST._IDatatypeDtor _82_dtor;
+          _82_dtor = ((_72_ctor).dtor_args).Select(_81_j);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _83_patternName;
+          _83_patternName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(((_82_dtor).dtor_formal).dtor_name);
+          DAST._IType _84_formalType;
+          _84_formalType = ((_82_dtor).dtor_formal).dtor_typ;
+          if (((_81_j).Sign == 0) && ((_83_patternName).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0")))) {
+            _79_isNumeric = true;
+          }
+          if (_79_isNumeric) {
+            _83_patternName = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.GetOr((_82_dtor).dtor_callName, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("v"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_81_j)));
+          }
+          if ((_84_formalType).is_Arrow) {
+            _77_hashRhs = (_77_hashRhs).Then(((RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0"))).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("hash"))).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_state"))));
+          } else {
+            _77_hashRhs = (_77_hashRhs).Then((((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("hash"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Hash"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("hash"))).AsExpr()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_83_patternName), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_state")))));
+          }
+          _80_ctorMatchInner = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_80_ctorMatchInner, _83_patternName), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
+          if ((_81_j).Sign == 1) {
+            _76_printRhs = (_76_printRhs).Then(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("write!(_formatter, \", \")?")));
+          }
+          _76_printRhs = (_76_printRhs).Then(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr((((_84_formalType).is_Arrow) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("write!(_formatter, \"<function>\")?")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyPrint::fmt_print("), _83_patternName), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", _formatter, false)?"))))));
+          RAST._IExpr _85_coerceRhsArg = RAST.Expr.Default();
+          RAST._IType _86_formalTpe;
+          RAST._IType _out14;
+          _out14 = (this).GenType(_84_formalType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+          _86_formalTpe = _out14;
+          DAST._IType _87_newFormalType;
+          _87_newFormalType = (_84_formalType).Replace(_50_coerceMap);
+          RAST._IType _88_newFormalTpe;
+          _88_newFormalTpe = (_86_formalTpe).ReplaceMap(_51_rCoerceMap);
+          Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>> _89_upcastConverter;
+          _89_upcastConverter = (this).UpcastConversionLambda(_84_formalType, _86_formalTpe, _87_newFormalType, _88_newFormalTpe, _52_coerceMapToArg);
+          if ((_89_upcastConverter).is_Success) {
+            RAST._IExpr _90_coercionFunction;
+            _90_coercionFunction = (_89_upcastConverter).dtor_value;
+            _85_coerceRhsArg = (_90_coercionFunction).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_83_patternName));
+          } else {
+            (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Could not generate coercion function for contructor "), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_81_j)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" of ")), _4_datatypeName));
+            _85_coerceRhsArg = (RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("todo!"))).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralString((this.error).dtor_value, false, false));
+          }
+          _78_coerceRhsArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_78_coerceRhsArgs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(_83_patternName, _85_coerceRhsArg)));
+        }
+        RAST._IExpr _91_coerceRhs;
+        _91_coerceRhs = RAST.Expr.create_StructBuild((RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_4_datatypeName)).FSel(DCOMP.__default.escapeName((_72_ctor).dtor_name)), _78_coerceRhsArgs);
+        if (_79_isNumeric) {
+          _73_ctorMatch = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_73_ctorMatch, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _80_ctorMatchInner), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
+        } else {
+          _73_ctorMatch = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_73_ctorMatch, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{")), _80_ctorMatchInner), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+        }
+        if ((_72_ctor).dtor_hasAnyArgs) {
+          _76_printRhs = (_76_printRhs).Then(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("write!(_formatter, \")\")?")));
+        }
+        _76_printRhs = (_76_printRhs).Then(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Ok(())")));
+        _68_printImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_68_printImplBodyCases, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(RAST.MatchCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_4_datatypeName, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), _73_ctorMatch), RAST.Expr.create_Block(_76_printRhs))));
+        _69_hashImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_69_hashImplBodyCases, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(RAST.MatchCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_4_datatypeName, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), _73_ctorMatch), RAST.Expr.create_Block(_77_hashRhs))));
+        _70_coerceImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_70_coerceImplBodyCases, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(RAST.MatchCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_4_datatypeName, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), _73_ctorMatch), RAST.Expr.create_Block(_91_coerceRhs))));
+      }
+      if (((new BigInteger(((c).dtor_typeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) && ((new BigInteger((_20_unusedTypeParams).Count)).Sign == 1)) {
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> _92_extraCases;
+        _92_extraCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.FromElements(RAST.MatchCase.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_4_datatypeName, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::_PhantomVariant(..)")), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{"), (this).UnreachablePanicIfVerified(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}")))));
+        _68_printImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_68_printImplBodyCases, _92_extraCases);
+        _69_hashImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_69_hashImplBodyCases, _92_extraCases);
+        _70_coerceImplBodyCases = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IMatchCase>.Concat(_70_coerceImplBodyCases, _92_extraCases);
+      }
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _93_defaultConstrainedTypeParams;
+      _93_defaultConstrainedTypeParams = RAST.TypeParamDecl.AddConstraintsMultiple(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.DefaultTrait));
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _94_rTypeParamsDeclsWithEq;
+      _94_rTypeParamsDeclsWithEq = RAST.TypeParamDecl.AddConstraintsMultiple(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.Eq));
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _95_rTypeParamsDeclsWithHash;
+      _95_rTypeParamsDeclsWithHash = RAST.TypeParamDecl.AddConstraintsMultiple(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.Hash));
+      RAST._IExpr _96_printImplBody;
+      _96_printImplBody = RAST.Expr.create_Match(RAST.__default.self, _68_printImplBodyCases);
+      RAST._IExpr _97_hashImplBody;
+      _97_hashImplBody = RAST.Expr.create_Match(RAST.__default.self, _69_hashImplBodyCases);
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, (((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Debug"))).AsType(), RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _1_rTypeParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.selfBorrowed, RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("f"), RAST.Type.create_BorrowedMut((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Formatter"))).AsType()))), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Result"))).AsType()), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyPrint"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt_print"))).AsExpr()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.__default.self, RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("f")), RAST.Expr.create_LiteralBool(true))))))))), RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, RAST.__default.DafnyPrint, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _1_rTypeParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt_print"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.selfBorrowed, RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_formatter"), RAST.Type.create_BorrowedMut((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fmt"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Formatter"))).AsType())), RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_in_seq"), RAST.Type.create_Bool())), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.__default.RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("std::fmt::Result"))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_96_printImplBody))))))));
+      if ((new BigInteger((_48_rCoerceTypeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+        RAST._IExpr _98_coerceImplBody;
+        _98_coerceImplBody = RAST.Expr.create_Match(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this")), _70_coerceImplBodyCases);
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_Impl(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _1_rTypeParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("coerce"), _48_rCoerceTypeParams, _49_coerceArguments, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.__default.Rc(RAST.Type.create_ImplType(RAST.Type.create_FnType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _1_rTypeParams)), RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _47_coerceTypes))))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.__default.RcNew(RAST.Expr.create_Lambda(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this"), RAST.__default.SelfOwned)), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _47_coerceTypes)), _98_coerceImplBody))))))))));
+      }
+      if ((new BigInteger((_8_singletonConstructors).Count)) == (new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count))) {
+        RAST._IType _99_datatypeType;
+        _99_datatypeType = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _1_rTypeParams);
+        RAST._IType _100_instantiationType;
+        if ((this).IsRcWrapped((c).dtor_attributes)) {
+          _100_instantiationType = RAST.__default.Rc(_99_datatypeType);
+        } else {
+          _100_instantiationType = _99_datatypeType;
+        }
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_Impl(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, _99_datatypeType, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_AllSingletonConstructors"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("SequenceIter"))).AsType()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_100_instantiationType))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some((((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("seq!"))).AsExpr()).Apply(_8_singletonConstructors)).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("iter"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements())))))))));
+      }
+      if (_67_cIsEq) {
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_94_rTypeParamsDeclsWithEq, RAST.__default.Eq, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _1_rTypeParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements()))));
+      }
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_95_rTypeParamsDeclsWithHash, RAST.__default.Hash, RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _1_rTypeParams), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("hash"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(RAST.TypeParamDecl.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_H"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("hash"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Hasher"))).AsType()))), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.selfBorrowed, RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_state"), RAST.Type.create_BorrowedMut(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_H"))))), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_97_hashImplBody))))))));
+      if ((new BigInteger(((c).dtor_ctors).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+        RAST._IExpr _101_structName;
+        _101_structName = (RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_4_datatypeName)).FSel(DCOMP.__default.escapeName((((c).dtor_ctors).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).dtor_name));
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _102_structAssignments;
+        _102_structAssignments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements();
+        BigInteger _hi9 = new BigInteger(((((c).dtor_ctors).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).dtor_args).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _103_i = BigInteger.Zero; _103_i < _hi9; _103_i++) {
+          DAST._IDatatypeDtor _104_dtor;
+          _104_dtor = ((((c).dtor_ctors).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).dtor_args).Select(_103_i);
+          _102_structAssignments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_102_structAssignments, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(((_104_dtor).dtor_formal).dtor_name), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::default::Default::default()")))));
+        }
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _105_defaultConstrainedTypeParams;
+        _105_defaultConstrainedTypeParams = RAST.TypeParamDecl.AddConstraintsMultiple(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.DefaultTrait));
+        RAST._IType _106_fullType;
+        _106_fullType = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_4_datatypeName), _1_rTypeParams);
+        if (_67_cIsEq) {
+          s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_105_defaultConstrainedTypeParams, RAST.__default.DefaultTrait, _106_fullType, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("default"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(_106_fullType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_StructBuild(_101_structName, _102_structAssignments)))))))));
+        }
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(_2_rTypeParamsDecls, ((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("convert"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("AsRef"))).AsType()).Apply1(_106_fullType), RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_106_fullType), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV(), RAST.Fn.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("as_ref"), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.selfBorrowed), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.__default.SelfOwned), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.__default.self))))))));
+      }
+      return s;
+    }
+    public RAST._IPath GenPath(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> p, bool escape)
+    {
+      RAST._IPath r = RAST.Path.Default();
+      if ((new BigInteger((p).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        r = RAST.Path.create_Self();
+        return r;
+      } else {
+        if (((((p).Select(BigInteger.Zero)))).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("std"))) {
+          r = RAST.Path.create_Global();
+        } else if (((((p).Select(BigInteger.Zero)))).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_System"))) {
+          r = RAST.__default.dafny__runtime;
+        } else {
+          r = (this).thisFile;
+        }
+        BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((p).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _0_i = BigInteger.Zero; _0_i < _hi0; _0_i++) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_name;
+          _1_name = ((p).Select(_0_i));
+          if (escape) {
+            _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs0 = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.__default.DafnyNameToContainingPathAndName(_1_name, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements());
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2_modules = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_finalName = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
+            BigInteger _hi1 = new BigInteger((_2_modules).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _4_j = BigInteger.Zero; _4_j < _hi1; _4_j++) {
+              r = (r).MSel(DCOMP.__default.escapeName(((_2_modules).Select(_4_j))));
+            }
+            r = (r).MSel(DCOMP.__default.escapeName(_3_finalName));
+          } else {
+            r = (r).MSel(DCOMP.__default.ReplaceDotByDoubleColon((_1_name)));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      return r;
+    }
+    public RAST._IType GenPathType(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> p)
+    {
+      RAST._IType t = RAST.Type.Default();
+      RAST._IPath _0_p;
+      RAST._IPath _out0;
+      _out0 = (this).GenPath(p, true);
+      _0_p = _out0;
+      t = (_0_p).AsType();
+      return t;
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr GenPathExpr(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> p, bool escape)
+    {
+      RAST._IExpr e = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      if ((new BigInteger((p).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        e = RAST.__default.self;
+        return e;
+      }
+      RAST._IPath _0_p;
+      RAST._IPath _out0;
+      _out0 = (this).GenPath(p, escape);
+      _0_p = _out0;
+      e = (_0_p).AsExpr();
+      return e;
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> GenTypeArgs(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> args, bool genTypeContext)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Empty;
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((args).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _0_i = BigInteger.Zero; _0_i < _hi0; _0_i++) {
+        RAST._IType _1_genTp;
+        RAST._IType _out0;
+        _out0 = (this).GenType((args).Select(_0_i), genTypeContext);
+        _1_genTp = _out0;
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_1_genTp));
+      }
+      return s;
+    }
+    public bool IsRcWrapped(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return ((!(attributes).Contains(DAST.Attribute.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("auto-nongrowing-size"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements()))) && (!(attributes).Contains(DAST.Attribute.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("rust_rc"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("false")))))) || ((attributes).Contains(DAST.Attribute.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("rust_rc"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("true")))));
+    }
+    public RAST._IType GenType(DAST._IType c, bool genTypeContext)
+    {
+      RAST._IType s = RAST.Type.Default();
+      DAST._IType _source0 = c;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UserDefined) {
+          DAST._IResolvedType _0_resolved = _source0.dtor_resolved;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _1_t;
+            RAST._IType _out0;
+            _out0 = (this).GenPathType((_0_resolved).dtor_path);
+            _1_t = _out0;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _2_typeArgs;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _out1;
+            _out1 = (this).GenTypeArgs((_0_resolved).dtor_typeArgs, false);
+            _2_typeArgs = _out1;
+            s = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(_1_t, _2_typeArgs);
+            DAST._IResolvedTypeBase _source1 = (_0_resolved).dtor_kind;
+            {
+              if (_source1.is_Class) {
+                {
+                  s = (this).Object(s);
+                }
+                goto after_match1;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (_source1.is_Datatype) {
+                {
+                  if ((this).IsRcWrapped((_0_resolved).dtor_attributes)) {
+                    s = RAST.__default.Rc(s);
+                  }
+                }
+                goto after_match1;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (_source1.is_Trait) {
+                {
+                  if (((_0_resolved).dtor_path).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_System"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("object")))) {
+                    s = RAST.__default.AnyTrait;
+                  }
+                  if (!((genTypeContext))) {
+                    s = (this).Object(RAST.Type.create_DynType(s));
+                  }
+                }
+                goto after_match1;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              DAST._IType _3_base = _source1.dtor_baseType;
+              DAST._INewtypeRange _4_range = _source1.dtor_range;
+              bool _5_erased = _source1.dtor_erase;
+              {
+                if (_5_erased) {
+                  Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _source2 = DCOMP.COMP.NewtypeRangeToRustType(_4_range);
+                  {
+                    if (_source2.is_Some) {
+                      RAST._IType _6_v = _source2.dtor_value;
+                      s = _6_v;
+                      goto after_match2;
+                    }
+                  }
+                  {
+                    RAST._IType _7_underlying;
+                    RAST._IType _out2;
+                    _out2 = (this).GenType(_3_base, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                    _7_underlying = _out2;
+                    s = RAST.Type.create_TSynonym(s, _7_underlying);
+                  }
+                after_match2: ;
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          after_match1: ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Object) {
+          {
+            s = RAST.__default.AnyTrait;
+            if (!((genTypeContext))) {
+              s = (this).Object(RAST.Type.create_DynType(s));
+            }
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Tuple) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _8_types = _source0.dtor_Tuple_a0;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _9_args;
+            _9_args = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _10_i;
+            _10_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+            while ((_10_i) < (new BigInteger((_8_types).Count))) {
+              RAST._IType _11_generated;
+              RAST._IType _out3;
+              _out3 = (this).GenType((_8_types).Select(_10_i), false);
+              _11_generated = _out3;
+              _9_args = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_9_args, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_11_generated));
+              _10_i = (_10_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+            }
+            if ((new BigInteger((_8_types).Count)) <= (RAST.__default.MAX__TUPLE__SIZE)) {
+              s = RAST.Type.create_TupleType(_9_args);
+            } else {
+              s = RAST.__default.SystemTupleType(_9_args);
+            }
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Array) {
+          DAST._IType _12_element = _source0.dtor_element;
+          BigInteger _13_dims = _source0.dtor_dims;
+          {
+            if ((_13_dims) > (new BigInteger(16))) {
+              s = RAST.__default.RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<i>Array of dimensions greater than 16</i>"));
+            } else {
+              RAST._IType _14_elem;
+              RAST._IType _out4;
+              _out4 = (this).GenType(_12_element, false);
+              _14_elem = _out4;
+              if ((_13_dims) == (BigInteger.One)) {
+                s = RAST.Type.create_Array(_14_elem, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None());
+                s = (this).Object(s);
+              } else {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _15_n;
+                _15_n = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Array"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_13_dims));
+                s = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(_15_n)).AsType()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_14_elem));
+                s = (this).Object(s);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Seq) {
+          DAST._IType _16_element = _source0.dtor_element;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _17_elem;
+            RAST._IType _out5;
+            _out5 = (this).GenType(_16_element, false);
+            _17_elem = _out5;
+            s = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Sequence"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_17_elem));
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Set) {
+          DAST._IType _18_element = _source0.dtor_element;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _19_elem;
+            RAST._IType _out6;
+            _out6 = (this).GenType(_18_element, false);
+            _19_elem = _out6;
+            s = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Set"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_19_elem));
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Multiset) {
+          DAST._IType _20_element = _source0.dtor_element;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _21_elem;
+            RAST._IType _out7;
+            _out7 = (this).GenType(_20_element, false);
+            _21_elem = _out7;
+            s = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Multiset"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_21_elem));
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Map) {
+          DAST._IType _22_key = _source0.dtor_key;
+          DAST._IType _23_value = _source0.dtor_value;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _24_keyType;
+            RAST._IType _out8;
+            _out8 = (this).GenType(_22_key, false);
+            _24_keyType = _out8;
+            RAST._IType _25_valueType;
+            RAST._IType _out9;
+            _out9 = (this).GenType(_23_value, genTypeContext);
+            _25_valueType = _out9;
+            s = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Map"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_24_keyType, _25_valueType));
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_MapBuilder) {
+          DAST._IType _26_key = _source0.dtor_key;
+          DAST._IType _27_value = _source0.dtor_value;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _28_keyType;
+            RAST._IType _out10;
+            _out10 = (this).GenType(_26_key, false);
+            _28_keyType = _out10;
+            RAST._IType _29_valueType;
+            RAST._IType _out11;
+            _out11 = (this).GenType(_27_value, genTypeContext);
+            _29_valueType = _out11;
+            s = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("MapBuilder"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_28_keyType, _29_valueType));
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SetBuilder) {
+          DAST._IType _30_elem = _source0.dtor_element;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _31_elemType;
+            RAST._IType _out12;
+            _out12 = (this).GenType(_30_elem, false);
+            _31_elemType = _out12;
+            s = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("SetBuilder"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_31_elemType));
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Arrow) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _32_args = _source0.dtor_args;
+          DAST._IType _33_result = _source0.dtor_result;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _34_argTypes;
+            _34_argTypes = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _35_i;
+            _35_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+            while ((_35_i) < (new BigInteger((_32_args).Count))) {
+              RAST._IType _36_generated;
+              RAST._IType _out13;
+              _out13 = (this).GenType((_32_args).Select(_35_i), false);
+              _36_generated = _out13;
+              _34_argTypes = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_34_argTypes, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_36_generated)));
+              _35_i = (_35_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+            }
+            RAST._IType _37_resultType;
+            RAST._IType _out14;
+            _out14 = (this).GenType(_33_result, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _37_resultType = _out14;
+            s = RAST.__default.Rc(RAST.Type.create_DynType(RAST.Type.create_FnType(_34_argTypes, _37_resultType)));
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeArg) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _h90 = _source0.dtor_TypeArg_a0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _38_name = _h90;
+          s = RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(DCOMP.__default.escapeName(_38_name));
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Primitive) {
+          DAST._IPrimitive _39_p = _source0.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+          {
+            DAST._IPrimitive _source3 = _39_p;
+            {
+              if (_source3.is_Int) {
+                s = ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyInt"))).AsType();
+                goto after_match3;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (_source3.is_Real) {
+                s = ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("BigRational"))).AsType();
+                goto after_match3;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (_source3.is_String) {
+                s = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Sequence"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).DafnyChar)).AsType()));
+                goto after_match3;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (_source3.is_Bool) {
+                s = RAST.Type.create_Bool();
+                goto after_match3;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              s = ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).DafnyChar)).AsType();
+            }
+          after_match3: ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _40_v = _source0.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
+        s = RAST.__default.RawType(_40_v);
+      }
+    after_match0: ;
+      return s;
+    }
+    public bool EnclosingIsTrait(DAST._IType tpe) {
+      return ((tpe).is_UserDefined) && ((((tpe).dtor_resolved).dtor_kind).is_Trait);
+    }
+    public void GenClassImplBody(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IMethod> body, bool forTrait, DAST._IType enclosingType, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> enclosingTypeParams, out Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> s, out Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>,Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>> traitBodies)
+    {
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Empty;
+      traitBodies = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.Empty;
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements();
+      traitBodies = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((body).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _0_i = BigInteger.Zero; _0_i < _hi0; _0_i++) {
+        DAST._IMethod _source0 = (body).Select(_0_i);
+        {
+          DAST._IMethod _1_m = _source0;
+          {
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _source1 = (_1_m).dtor_overridingPath;
+            {
+              if (_source1.is_Some) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2_p = _source1.dtor_value;
+                {
+                  Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _3_existing;
+                  _3_existing = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements();
+                  if ((traitBodies).Contains(_2_p)) {
+                    _3_existing = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.Select(traitBodies,_2_p);
+                  }
+                  if (((new BigInteger(((_1_m).dtor_typeParams).Count)).Sign == 1) && ((this).EnclosingIsTrait(enclosingType))) {
+                    (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Error: Rust does not support method with generic type parameters in traits"));
+                  }
+                  RAST._IImplMember _4_genMethod;
+                  RAST._IImplMember _out0;
+                  _out0 = (this).GenMethod(_1_m, true, enclosingType, enclosingTypeParams);
+                  _4_genMethod = _out0;
+                  _3_existing = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Concat(_3_existing, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(_4_genMethod));
+                  traitBodies = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.Merge(traitBodies, Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember>>(_2_p, _3_existing)));
+                }
+                goto after_match1;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              {
+                RAST._IImplMember _5_generated;
+                RAST._IImplMember _out1;
+                _out1 = (this).GenMethod(_1_m, forTrait, enclosingType, enclosingTypeParams);
+                _5_generated = _out1;
+                s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.FromElements(_5_generated));
+              }
+            }
+          after_match1: ;
+          }
+        }
+      after_match0: ;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> GenParams(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> @params, bool forLambda)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Empty;
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((@params).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _0_i = BigInteger.Zero; _0_i < _hi0; _0_i++) {
+        DAST._IFormal _1_param;
+        _1_param = (@params).Select(_0_i);
+        RAST._IType _2_paramType;
+        RAST._IType _out0;
+        _out0 = (this).GenType((_1_param).dtor_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+        _2_paramType = _out0;
+        if (((!((_2_paramType).CanReadWithoutClone())) || (forLambda)) && (!((_1_param).dtor_attributes).Contains(DCOMP.__default.AttributeOwned))) {
+          _2_paramType = RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_2_paramType);
+        }
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeVar((_1_param).dtor_name), _2_paramType)));
+      }
+      return s;
+    }
+    public RAST._IImplMember GenMethod(DAST._IMethod m, bool forTrait, DAST._IType enclosingType, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> enclosingTypeParams)
+    {
+      RAST._IImplMember s = RAST.ImplMember.Default();
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _0_params;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _out0;
+      _out0 = (this).GenParams((m).dtor_params, false);
+      _0_params = _out0;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1_paramNames;
+      _1_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> _2_paramTypes;
+      _2_paramTypes = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger(((m).dtor_params).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _3_paramI = BigInteger.Zero; _3_paramI < _hi0; _3_paramI++) {
+        DAST._IFormal _4_dafny__formal;
+        _4_dafny__formal = ((m).dtor_params).Select(_3_paramI);
+        RAST._IFormal _5_formal;
+        _5_formal = (_0_params).Select(_3_paramI);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _6_name;
+        _6_name = (_5_formal).dtor_name;
+        _1_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_1_paramNames, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_6_name));
+        _2_paramTypes = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Update(_2_paramTypes, _6_name, (_5_formal).dtor_tpe);
+      }
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _7_fnName;
+      _7_fnName = DCOMP.__default.escapeName((m).dtor_name);
+      DCOMP._ISelfInfo _8_selfIdent;
+      _8_selfIdent = DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf();
+      if (!((m).dtor_isStatic)) {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _9_selfId;
+        _9_selfId = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self");
+        if ((m).dtor_outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign) {
+          _9_selfId = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this");
+        }
+        var _pat_let_tv0 = enclosingTypeParams;
+        DAST._IType _10_instanceType;
+        DAST._IType _source0 = enclosingType;
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_UserDefined) {
+            DAST._IResolvedType _11_r = _source0.dtor_resolved;
+            _10_instanceType = DAST.Type.create_UserDefined(Dafny.Helpers.Let<DAST._IResolvedType, DAST._IResolvedType>(_11_r, _pat_let25_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<DAST._IResolvedType, DAST._IResolvedType>(_pat_let25_0, _12_dt__update__tmp_h0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType>, DAST._IResolvedType>(_pat_let_tv0, _pat_let26_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType>, DAST._IResolvedType>(_pat_let26_0, _13_dt__update_htypeArgs_h0 => DAST.ResolvedType.create((_12_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_path, _13_dt__update_htypeArgs_h0, (_12_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_kind, (_12_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_attributes, (_12_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_properMethods, (_12_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_extendedTypes))))));
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          _10_instanceType = enclosingType;
+        }
+      after_match0: ;
+        if (forTrait) {
+          RAST._IFormal _14_selfFormal;
+          if (((m).dtor_wasFunction) && (((this).pointerType).is_Raw)) {
+            _14_selfFormal = RAST.Formal.selfBorrowed;
+          } else {
+            _14_selfFormal = RAST.Formal.selfBorrowedMut;
+          }
+          _0_params = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(_14_selfFormal), _0_params);
+        } else {
+          RAST._IType _15_tpe;
+          RAST._IType _out1;
+          _out1 = (this).GenType(_10_instanceType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+          _15_tpe = _out1;
+          if ((_9_selfId).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this"))) {
+            if (((this).pointerType).is_RcMut) {
+              _15_tpe = RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_15_tpe);
+            }
+          } else if ((_9_selfId).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"))) {
+            if ((_15_tpe).IsObjectOrPointer()) {
+              if (((m).dtor_wasFunction) && (((this).pointerType).is_Raw)) {
+                _15_tpe = RAST.__default.SelfBorrowed;
+              } else {
+                _15_tpe = RAST.__default.SelfBorrowedMut;
+              }
+            } else {
+              if ((((enclosingType).is_UserDefined) && ((((enclosingType).dtor_resolved).dtor_kind).is_Datatype)) && ((this).IsRcWrapped(((enclosingType).dtor_resolved).dtor_attributes))) {
+                _15_tpe = RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(RAST.__default.Rc(RAST.__default.SelfOwned));
+              } else {
+                _15_tpe = RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(RAST.__default.SelfOwned);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          _0_params = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.FromElements(RAST.Formal.create(_9_selfId, _15_tpe)), _0_params);
+        }
+        _8_selfIdent = DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_ThisTyped(_9_selfId, _10_instanceType);
+      }
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _16_retTypeArgs;
+      _16_retTypeArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _17_typeI;
+      _17_typeI = BigInteger.Zero;
+      while ((_17_typeI) < (new BigInteger(((m).dtor_outTypes).Count))) {
+        RAST._IType _18_typeExpr;
+        RAST._IType _out2;
+        _out2 = (this).GenType(((m).dtor_outTypes).Select(_17_typeI), DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+        _18_typeExpr = _out2;
+        _16_retTypeArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_16_retTypeArgs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_18_typeExpr));
+        _17_typeI = (_17_typeI) + (BigInteger.One);
+      }
+      RAST._IVisibility _19_visibility;
+      if (forTrait) {
+        _19_visibility = RAST.Visibility.create_PRIV();
+      } else {
+        _19_visibility = RAST.Visibility.create_PUB();
+      }
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl> _20_typeParamsFiltered;
+      _20_typeParamsFiltered = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi1 = new BigInteger(((m).dtor_typeParams).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _21_typeParamI = BigInteger.Zero; _21_typeParamI < _hi1; _21_typeParamI++) {
+        DAST._ITypeArgDecl _22_typeParam;
+        _22_typeParam = ((m).dtor_typeParams).Select(_21_typeParamI);
+        if (!((enclosingTypeParams).Contains(DAST.Type.create_TypeArg((_22_typeParam).dtor_name)))) {
+          _20_typeParamsFiltered = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl>.Concat(_20_typeParamsFiltered, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._ITypeArgDecl>.FromElements(_22_typeParam));
+        }
+      }
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _23_typeParams;
+      _23_typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements();
+      if ((new BigInteger((_20_typeParamsFiltered).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+        BigInteger _hi2 = new BigInteger((_20_typeParamsFiltered).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _24_i = BigInteger.Zero; _24_i < _hi2; _24_i++) {
+          DAST._IType _25_typeArg;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _26_rTypeParamDecl;
+          DAST._IType _out3;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _out4;
+          (this).GenTypeParam((_20_typeParamsFiltered).Select(_24_i), out _out3, out _out4);
+          _25_typeArg = _out3;
+          _26_rTypeParamDecl = _out4;
+          RAST._ITypeParamDecl _27_dt__update__tmp_h1 = _26_rTypeParamDecl;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _28_dt__update_hconstraints_h0 = (_26_rTypeParamDecl).dtor_constraints;
+          _26_rTypeParamDecl = RAST.TypeParamDecl.create((_27_dt__update__tmp_h1).dtor_name, _28_dt__update_hconstraints_h0);
+          _23_typeParams = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Concat(_23_typeParams, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(_26_rTypeParamDecl));
+        }
+      }
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _29_fBody = Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.Default();
+      DCOMP._IEnvironment _30_env = DCOMP.Environment.Default();
+      RAST._IExpr _31_preBody;
+      _31_preBody = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _32_preAssignNames;
+      _32_preAssignNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> _33_preAssignTypes;
+      _33_preAssignTypes = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      if ((m).dtor_hasBody) {
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _34_earlyReturn;
+        _34_earlyReturn = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>.create_None();
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _source1 = (m).dtor_outVars;
+        {
+          if (_source1.is_Some) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _35_outVars = _source1.dtor_value;
+            {
+              if ((m).dtor_outVarsAreUninitFieldsToAssign) {
+                _34_earlyReturn = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements());
+                BigInteger _hi3 = new BigInteger((_35_outVars).Count);
+                for (BigInteger _36_outI = BigInteger.Zero; _36_outI < _hi3; _36_outI++) {
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _37_outVar;
+                  _37_outVar = (_35_outVars).Select(_36_outI);
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _38_outName;
+                  _38_outName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_37_outVar);
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _39_tracker__name;
+                  _39_tracker__name = DCOMP.__default.AddAssignedPrefix(_38_outName);
+                  _32_preAssignNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_32_preAssignNames, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_39_tracker__name));
+                  _33_preAssignTypes = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Update(_33_preAssignTypes, _39_tracker__name, RAST.Type.create_Bool());
+                  _31_preBody = (_31_preBody).Then(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), _39_tracker__name, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_Bool()), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralBool(false))));
+                }
+              } else {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _40_tupleArgs;
+                _40_tupleArgs = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+                BigInteger _hi4 = new BigInteger((_35_outVars).Count);
+                for (BigInteger _41_outI = BigInteger.Zero; _41_outI < _hi4; _41_outI++) {
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _42_outVar;
+                  _42_outVar = (_35_outVars).Select(_41_outI);
+                  RAST._IType _43_outType;
+                  RAST._IType _out5;
+                  _out5 = (this).GenType(((m).dtor_outTypes).Select(_41_outI), DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                  _43_outType = _out5;
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _44_outName;
+                  _44_outName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_42_outVar);
+                  _1_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_1_paramNames, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_44_outName));
+                  RAST._IType _45_outMaybeType;
+                  if ((_43_outType).CanReadWithoutClone()) {
+                    _45_outMaybeType = _43_outType;
+                  } else {
+                    _45_outMaybeType = RAST.__default.MaybePlaceboType(_43_outType);
+                  }
+                  _2_paramTypes = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Update(_2_paramTypes, _44_outName, _45_outMaybeType);
+                  _40_tupleArgs = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_40_tupleArgs, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_44_outName));
+                }
+                _34_earlyReturn = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>.create_Some(_40_tupleArgs);
+              }
+            }
+            goto after_match1;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+        }
+      after_match1: ;
+        _30_env = DCOMP.Environment.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_32_preAssignNames, _1_paramNames), Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Merge(_33_preAssignTypes, _2_paramTypes));
+        RAST._IExpr _46_body;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _47___v71;
+        DCOMP._IEnvironment _48___v72;
+        RAST._IExpr _out6;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out7;
+        DCOMP._IEnvironment _out8;
+        (this).GenStmts((m).dtor_body, _8_selfIdent, _30_env, true, _34_earlyReturn, out _out6, out _out7, out _out8);
+        _46_body = _out6;
+        _47___v71 = _out7;
+        _48___v72 = _out8;
+        _29_fBody = Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some((_31_preBody).Then(_46_body));
+      } else {
+        _30_env = DCOMP.Environment.create(_1_paramNames, _2_paramTypes);
+        _29_fBody = Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None();
+      }
+      s = RAST.ImplMember.create_FnDecl(_19_visibility, RAST.Fn.create(_7_fnName, _23_typeParams, _0_params, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some((((new BigInteger((_16_retTypeArgs).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) ? ((_16_retTypeArgs).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) : (RAST.Type.create_TupleType(_16_retTypeArgs)))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), _29_fBody));
+      return s;
+    }
+    public void GenStmts(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> stmts, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, bool isLast, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> earlyReturn, out RAST._IExpr generated, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents, out DCOMP._IEnvironment newEnv)
+    {
+      generated = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      newEnv = DCOMP.Environment.Default();
+      generated = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _0_declarations;
+      _0_declarations = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _1_i;
+      _1_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+      newEnv = env;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _2_stmts;
+      _2_stmts = stmts;
+      while ((_1_i) < (new BigInteger((_2_stmts).Count))) {
+        DAST._IStatement _3_stmt;
+        _3_stmt = (_2_stmts).Select(_1_i);
+        DAST._IStatement _source0 = _3_stmt;
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_DeclareVar) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _4_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+            DAST._IType _5_optType = _source0.dtor_typ;
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> maybeValue0 = _source0.dtor_maybeValue;
+            if (maybeValue0.is_None) {
+              if (((_1_i) + (BigInteger.One)) < (new BigInteger((_2_stmts).Count))) {
+                DAST._IStatement _source1 = (_2_stmts).Select((_1_i) + (BigInteger.One));
+                {
+                  if (_source1.is_Assign) {
+                    DAST._IAssignLhs lhs0 = _source1.dtor_lhs;
+                    if (lhs0.is_Ident) {
+                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _6_name2 = lhs0.dtor_ident;
+                      DAST._IExpression _7_rhs = _source1.dtor_value;
+                      if (object.Equals(_6_name2, _4_name)) {
+                        _2_stmts = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IStatement>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IStatement>.Concat((_2_stmts).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, _1_i), Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IStatement>.FromElements(DAST.Statement.create_DeclareVar(_4_name, _5_optType, Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(_7_rhs)))), (_2_stmts).Drop((_1_i) + (new BigInteger(2))));
+                        _3_stmt = (_2_stmts).Select(_1_i);
+                      }
+                      goto after_match1;
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+                {
+                }
+              after_match1: ;
+              }
+              goto after_match0;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+        }
+      after_match0: ;
+        RAST._IExpr _8_stmtExpr;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _9_recIdents;
+        DCOMP._IEnvironment _10_newEnv2;
+        RAST._IExpr _out0;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out1;
+        DCOMP._IEnvironment _out2;
+        (this).GenStmt(_3_stmt, selfIdent, newEnv, (isLast) && ((_1_i) == ((new BigInteger((_2_stmts).Count)) - (BigInteger.One))), earlyReturn, out _out0, out _out1, out _out2);
+        _8_stmtExpr = _out0;
+        _9_recIdents = _out1;
+        _10_newEnv2 = _out2;
+        newEnv = _10_newEnv2;
+        DAST._IStatement _source2 = _3_stmt;
+        {
+          if (_source2.is_DeclareVar) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _11_name = _source2.dtor_name;
+            {
+              _0_declarations = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_0_declarations, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_11_name)));
+            }
+            goto after_match2;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+        }
+      after_match2: ;
+        readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_9_recIdents, _0_declarations));
+        generated = (generated).Then(_8_stmtExpr);
+        _1_i = (_1_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+        if ((_8_stmtExpr).is_Return) {
+          goto after_0;
+        }
+      continue_0: ;
+      }
+    after_0: ;
+    }
+    public void GenAssignLhs(DAST._IAssignLhs lhs, RAST._IExpr rhs, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, out RAST._IExpr generated, out bool needsIIFE, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents, out DCOMP._IEnvironment newEnv)
+    {
+      generated = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      needsIIFE = false;
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      newEnv = DCOMP.Environment.Default();
+      newEnv = env;
+      DAST._IAssignLhs _source0 = lhs;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Ident) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_id = _source0.dtor_ident;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_idRust;
+            _1_idRust = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_0_id);
+            if (((env).IsBorrowed(_1_idRust)) || ((env).IsBorrowedMut(_1_idRust))) {
+              generated = RAST.__default.AssignVar(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*"), _1_idRust), rhs);
+            } else {
+              generated = RAST.__default.AssignVar(_1_idRust, rhs);
+            }
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_1_idRust);
+            needsIIFE = false;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Select) {
+          DAST._IExpression _2_on = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_field = _source0.dtor_field;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _4_fieldName;
+            _4_fieldName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_3_field);
+            RAST._IExpr _5_onExpr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _6_onOwned;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _7_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out0;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out1;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out2;
+            (this).GenExpr(_2_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out0, out _out1, out _out2);
+            _5_onExpr = _out0;
+            _6_onOwned = _out1;
+            _7_recIdents = _out2;
+            RAST._IExpr _source1 = _5_onExpr;
+            {
+              bool disjunctiveMatch0 = false;
+              if (_source1.is_Call) {
+                RAST._IExpr obj0 = _source1.dtor_obj;
+                if (obj0.is_Select) {
+                  RAST._IExpr obj1 = obj0.dtor_obj;
+                  if (obj1.is_Identifier) {
+                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name0 = obj1.dtor_name;
+                    if (object.Equals(name0, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this"))) {
+                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name1 = obj0.dtor_name;
+                      if (object.Equals(name1, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("clone"))) {
+                        disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+              if (_source1.is_Identifier) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name2 = _source1.dtor_name;
+                if (object.Equals(name2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this"))) {
+                  disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+                }
+              }
+              if (_source1.is_UnaryOp) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op10 = _source1.dtor_op1;
+                if (object.Equals(op10, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"))) {
+                  RAST._IExpr underlying0 = _source1.dtor_underlying;
+                  if (underlying0.is_Identifier) {
+                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name3 = underlying0.dtor_name;
+                    if (object.Equals(name3, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this"))) {
+                      disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+              if (disjunctiveMatch0) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _8_isAssignedVar;
+                _8_isAssignedVar = DCOMP.__default.AddAssignedPrefix(_4_fieldName);
+                if (((newEnv).dtor_names).Contains(_8_isAssignedVar)) {
+                  generated = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).update__field__uninit__macro)).AsExpr()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements((this).thisInConstructor, RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_4_fieldName), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_8_isAssignedVar), rhs));
+                  newEnv = (newEnv).RemoveAssigned(_8_isAssignedVar);
+                } else {
+                  generated = RAST.Expr.create_Assign(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IAssignLhs>.create_Some(RAST.AssignLhs.create_SelectMember(((this).modify__macro).Apply1((this).thisInConstructor), _4_fieldName)), rhs);
+                }
+                goto after_match1;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (!object.Equals(_5_onExpr, RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self")))) {
+                _5_onExpr = ((this).modify__macro).Apply1(_5_onExpr);
+              }
+              generated = RAST.__default.AssignMember(_5_onExpr, _4_fieldName, rhs);
+            }
+          after_match1: ;
+            readIdents = _7_recIdents;
+            needsIIFE = false;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        DAST._IExpression _9_on = _source0.dtor_expr;
+        Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _10_indices = _source0.dtor_indices;
+        {
+          RAST._IExpr _11_onExpr;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _12_onOwned;
+          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _13_recIdents;
+          RAST._IExpr _out3;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _out4;
+          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out5;
+          (this).GenExpr(_9_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out3, out _out4, out _out5);
+          _11_onExpr = _out3;
+          _12_onOwned = _out4;
+          _13_recIdents = _out5;
+          readIdents = _13_recIdents;
+          _11_onExpr = ((this).modify__macro).Apply1(_11_onExpr);
+          RAST._IExpr _14_r;
+          _14_r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _15_indicesExpr;
+          _15_indicesExpr = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+          BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((_10_indices).Count);
+          for (BigInteger _16_i = BigInteger.Zero; _16_i < _hi0; _16_i++) {
+            RAST._IExpr _17_idx;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _18___v81;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _19_recIdentsIdx;
+            RAST._IExpr _out6;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out7;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out8;
+            (this).GenExpr((_10_indices).Select(_16_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out6, out _out7, out _out8);
+            _17_idx = _out6;
+            _18___v81 = _out7;
+            _19_recIdentsIdx = _out8;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _20_varName;
+            _20_varName = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("__idx"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_16_i));
+            _15_indicesExpr = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_15_indicesExpr, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_20_varName)));
+            _14_r = (_14_r).Then(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_CONST(), _20_varName, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.__default.IntoUsize(_17_idx))));
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _19_recIdentsIdx);
+          }
+          if ((new BigInteger((_10_indices).Count)) > (BigInteger.One)) {
+            _11_onExpr = (_11_onExpr).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("data"));
+          }
+          generated = (_14_r).Then(RAST.Expr.create_Assign(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IAssignLhs>.create_Some(RAST.AssignLhs.create_Index(_11_onExpr, _15_indicesExpr)), rhs));
+          needsIIFE = true;
+        }
+      }
+    after_match0: ;
+    }
+    public void GenStmt(DAST._IStatement stmt, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, bool isLast, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> earlyReturn, out RAST._IExpr generated, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents, out DCOMP._IEnvironment newEnv)
+    {
+      generated = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      newEnv = DCOMP.Environment.Default();
+      DAST._IStatement _source0 = stmt;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ConstructorNewSeparator) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _0_fields = _source0.dtor_fields;
+          {
+            generated = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            newEnv = env;
+            BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((_0_fields).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _1_i = BigInteger.Zero; _1_i < _hi0; _1_i++) {
+              DAST._IFormal _2_field;
+              _2_field = (_0_fields).Select(_1_i);
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_fieldName;
+              _3_fieldName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar((_2_field).dtor_name);
+              RAST._IType _4_fieldTyp;
+              RAST._IType _out0;
+              _out0 = (this).GenType((_2_field).dtor_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+              _4_fieldTyp = _out0;
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _5_isAssignedVar;
+              _5_isAssignedVar = DCOMP.__default.AddAssignedPrefix(_3_fieldName);
+              if (((newEnv).dtor_names).Contains(_5_isAssignedVar)) {
+                RAST._IExpr _6_rhs;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _7___v82;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _8___v83;
+                RAST._IExpr _out1;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out2;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out3;
+                (this).GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_InitializationValue((_2_field).dtor_typ), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out1, out _out2, out _out3);
+                _6_rhs = _out1;
+                _7___v82 = _out2;
+                _8___v83 = _out3;
+                readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_5_isAssignedVar));
+                generated = (generated).Then((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).update__field__if__uninit__macro)).AsExpr()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this")), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_3_fieldName), RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_5_isAssignedVar), _6_rhs)));
+                newEnv = (newEnv).RemoveAssigned(_5_isAssignedVar);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_DeclareVar) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _9_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          DAST._IType _10_typ = _source0.dtor_typ;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> maybeValue0 = _source0.dtor_maybeValue;
+          if (maybeValue0.is_Some) {
+            DAST._IExpression _11_expression = maybeValue0.dtor_value;
+            {
+              RAST._IType _12_tpe;
+              RAST._IType _out4;
+              _out4 = (this).GenType(_10_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+              _12_tpe = _out4;
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _13_varName;
+              _13_varName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_9_name);
+              bool _14_hasCopySemantics;
+              _14_hasCopySemantics = (_12_tpe).CanReadWithoutClone();
+              if (((_11_expression).is_InitializationValue) && (!(_14_hasCopySemantics))) {
+                generated = RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), _13_varName, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(((((RAST.__default.MaybePlaceboPath).AsExpr()).ApplyType1(_12_tpe)).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("new"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements())));
+                readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+                newEnv = (env).AddAssigned(_13_varName, RAST.__default.MaybePlaceboType(_12_tpe));
+              } else {
+                RAST._IExpr _15_expr = RAST.Expr.Default();
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _16_recIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+                if (((_11_expression).is_InitializationValue) && ((_12_tpe).IsObjectOrPointer())) {
+                  _15_expr = (_12_tpe).ToNullExpr();
+                  _16_recIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+                } else {
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _17_exprOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+                  RAST._IExpr _out5;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out6;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out7;
+                  (this).GenExpr(_11_expression, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out5, out _out6, out _out7);
+                  _15_expr = _out5;
+                  _17_exprOwnership = _out6;
+                  _16_recIdents = _out7;
+                }
+                readIdents = _16_recIdents;
+                if ((_11_expression).is_NewUninitArray) {
+                  _12_tpe = (_12_tpe).TypeAtInitialization();
+                } else {
+                  _12_tpe = _12_tpe;
+                }
+                generated = RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), _13_varName, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(_12_tpe), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_15_expr));
+                newEnv = (env).AddAssigned(_13_varName, _12_tpe);
+              }
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_DeclareVar) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _18_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          DAST._IType _19_typ = _source0.dtor_typ;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> maybeValue1 = _source0.dtor_maybeValue;
+          if (maybeValue1.is_None) {
+            {
+              DAST._IStatement _20_newStmt;
+              _20_newStmt = DAST.Statement.create_DeclareVar(_18_name, _19_typ, Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IExpression>.create_Some(DAST.Expression.create_InitializationValue(_19_typ)));
+              RAST._IExpr _out8;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out9;
+              DCOMP._IEnvironment _out10;
+              (this).GenStmt(_20_newStmt, selfIdent, env, isLast, earlyReturn, out _out8, out _out9, out _out10);
+              generated = _out8;
+              readIdents = _out9;
+              newEnv = _out10;
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Assign) {
+          DAST._IAssignLhs _21_lhs = _source0.dtor_lhs;
+          DAST._IExpression _22_expression = _source0.dtor_value;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _23_exprGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _24___v84;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _25_exprIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out11;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out12;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out13;
+            (this).GenExpr(_22_expression, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out11, out _out12, out _out13);
+            _23_exprGen = _out11;
+            _24___v84 = _out12;
+            _25_exprIdents = _out13;
+            if ((_21_lhs).is_Ident) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _26_rustId;
+              _26_rustId = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar((_21_lhs).dtor_ident);
+              Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _27_tpe;
+              _27_tpe = (env).GetType(_26_rustId);
+              if (((_27_tpe).is_Some) && ((((_27_tpe).dtor_value).ExtractMaybePlacebo()).is_Some)) {
+                _23_exprGen = RAST.__default.MaybePlacebo(_23_exprGen);
+              }
+            }
+            if (((_21_lhs).is_Index) && (((_21_lhs).dtor_expr).is_Ident)) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _28_rustId;
+              _28_rustId = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(((_21_lhs).dtor_expr).dtor_name);
+              Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _29_tpe;
+              _29_tpe = (env).GetType(_28_rustId);
+              if (((_29_tpe).is_Some) && ((((_29_tpe).dtor_value).ExtractMaybeUninitArrayElement()).is_Some)) {
+                _23_exprGen = RAST.__default.MaybeUninitNew(_23_exprGen);
+              }
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _30_lhsGen;
+            bool _31_needsIIFE;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _32_recIdents;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _33_resEnv;
+            RAST._IExpr _out14;
+            bool _out15;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out16;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _out17;
+            (this).GenAssignLhs(_21_lhs, _23_exprGen, selfIdent, env, out _out14, out _out15, out _out16, out _out17);
+            _30_lhsGen = _out14;
+            _31_needsIIFE = _out15;
+            _32_recIdents = _out16;
+            _33_resEnv = _out17;
+            generated = _30_lhsGen;
+            newEnv = _33_resEnv;
+            if (_31_needsIIFE) {
+              generated = RAST.Expr.create_Block(generated);
+            }
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_32_recIdents, _25_exprIdents);
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_If) {
+          DAST._IExpression _34_cond = _source0.dtor_cond;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _35_thnDafny = _source0.dtor_thn;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _36_elsDafny = _source0.dtor_els;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _37_cond;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _38___v85;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _39_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out18;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out19;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out20;
+            (this).GenExpr(_34_cond, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out18, out _out19, out _out20);
+            _37_cond = _out18;
+            _38___v85 = _out19;
+            _39_recIdents = _out20;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _40_condString;
+            _40_condString = (_37_cond)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND);
+            readIdents = _39_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _41_thn;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _42_thnIdents;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _43_thnEnv;
+            RAST._IExpr _out21;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out22;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _out23;
+            (this).GenStmts(_35_thnDafny, selfIdent, env, isLast, earlyReturn, out _out21, out _out22, out _out23);
+            _41_thn = _out21;
+            _42_thnIdents = _out22;
+            _43_thnEnv = _out23;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _42_thnIdents);
+            RAST._IExpr _44_els;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _45_elsIdents;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _46_elsEnv;
+            RAST._IExpr _out24;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out25;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _out26;
+            (this).GenStmts(_36_elsDafny, selfIdent, env, isLast, earlyReturn, out _out24, out _out25, out _out26);
+            _44_els = _out24;
+            _45_elsIdents = _out25;
+            _46_elsEnv = _out26;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _45_elsIdents);
+            newEnv = env;
+            generated = RAST.Expr.create_IfExpr(_37_cond, _41_thn, _44_els);
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Labeled) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _47_lbl = _source0.dtor_lbl;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _48_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _49_body;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _50_bodyIdents;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _51_env2;
+            RAST._IExpr _out27;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out28;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _out29;
+            (this).GenStmts(_48_body, selfIdent, env, isLast, earlyReturn, out _out27, out _out28, out _out29);
+            _49_body = _out27;
+            _50_bodyIdents = _out28;
+            _51_env2 = _out29;
+            readIdents = _50_bodyIdents;
+            generated = RAST.Expr.create_Labelled(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("label_"), _47_lbl), RAST.Expr.create_Loop(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None(), RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(_49_body, RAST.Expr.create_Break(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None()))));
+            newEnv = env;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_While) {
+          DAST._IExpression _52_cond = _source0.dtor_cond;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _53_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _54_cond;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _55___v86;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _56_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out30;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out31;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out32;
+            (this).GenExpr(_52_cond, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out30, out _out31, out _out32);
+            _54_cond = _out30;
+            _55___v86 = _out31;
+            _56_recIdents = _out32;
+            readIdents = _56_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _57_bodyExpr;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _58_bodyIdents;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _59_bodyEnv;
+            RAST._IExpr _out33;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out34;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _out35;
+            (this).GenStmts(_53_body, selfIdent, env, false, earlyReturn, out _out33, out _out34, out _out35);
+            _57_bodyExpr = _out33;
+            _58_bodyIdents = _out34;
+            _59_bodyEnv = _out35;
+            newEnv = env;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _58_bodyIdents);
+            generated = RAST.Expr.create_Loop(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_54_cond), _57_bodyExpr);
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Foreach) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _60_boundName = _source0.dtor_boundName;
+          DAST._IType _61_boundType = _source0.dtor_boundType;
+          DAST._IExpression _62_overExpr = _source0.dtor_over;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _63_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _64_over;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _65___v87;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _66_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out36;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out37;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out38;
+            (this).GenExpr(_62_overExpr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out36, out _out37, out _out38);
+            _64_over = _out36;
+            _65___v87 = _out37;
+            _66_recIdents = _out38;
+            if (((_62_overExpr).is_MapBoundedPool) || ((_62_overExpr).is_SetBoundedPool)) {
+              _64_over = ((_64_over).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("cloned"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            }
+            RAST._IType _67_boundTpe;
+            RAST._IType _out39;
+            _out39 = (this).GenType(_61_boundType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _67_boundTpe = _out39;
+            readIdents = _66_recIdents;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _68_boundRName;
+            _68_boundRName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_60_boundName);
+            RAST._IExpr _69_bodyExpr;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _70_bodyIdents;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _71_bodyEnv;
+            RAST._IExpr _out40;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out41;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _out42;
+            (this).GenStmts(_63_body, selfIdent, (env).AddAssigned(_68_boundRName, _67_boundTpe), false, earlyReturn, out _out40, out _out41, out _out42);
+            _69_bodyExpr = _out40;
+            _70_bodyIdents = _out41;
+            _71_bodyEnv = _out42;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _70_bodyIdents), Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_68_boundRName));
+            newEnv = env;
+            generated = RAST.Expr.create_For(_68_boundRName, _64_over, _69_bodyExpr);
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Break) {
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _72_toLabel = _source0.dtor_toLabel;
+          {
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _source1 = _72_toLabel;
+            {
+              if (_source1.is_Some) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _73_lbl = _source1.dtor_value;
+                {
+                  generated = RAST.Expr.create_Break(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("label_"), _73_lbl)));
+                }
+                goto after_match1;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              {
+                generated = RAST.Expr.create_Break(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None());
+              }
+            }
+          after_match1: ;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            newEnv = env;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TailRecursive) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _74_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+          {
+            generated = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+            if (!object.Equals(selfIdent, DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf())) {
+              RAST._IExpr _75_selfClone;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _76___v88;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _77___v89;
+              RAST._IExpr _out43;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out44;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out45;
+              (this).GenIdent((selfIdent).dtor_rSelfName, selfIdent, DCOMP.Environment.Empty(), DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out43, out _out44, out _out45);
+              _75_selfClone = _out43;
+              _76___v88 = _out44;
+              _77___v89 = _out45;
+              generated = (generated).Then(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_this"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_75_selfClone)));
+            }
+            newEnv = env;
+            RAST._IExpr _78_loopBegin;
+            _78_loopBegin = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+            BigInteger _hi1 = new BigInteger(((env).dtor_names).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _79_paramI = BigInteger.Zero; _79_paramI < _hi1; _79_paramI++) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _80_param;
+              _80_param = ((env).dtor_names).Select(_79_paramI);
+              if ((_80_param).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_accumulator"))) {
+                goto continue_4_0;
+              }
+              RAST._IExpr _81_paramInit;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _82___v90;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _83___v91;
+              RAST._IExpr _out46;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out47;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out48;
+              (this).GenIdent(_80_param, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out46, out _out47, out _out48);
+              _81_paramInit = _out46;
+              _82___v90 = _out47;
+              _83___v91 = _out48;
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _84_recVar;
+              _84_recVar = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(DCOMP.COMP.TailRecursionPrefix, Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_79_paramI));
+              generated = (generated).Then(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), _84_recVar, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_81_paramInit)));
+              if (((env).dtor_types).Contains(_80_param)) {
+                RAST._IType _85_declaredType;
+                _85_declaredType = (Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Select((env).dtor_types,_80_param)).ToOwned();
+                newEnv = (newEnv).AddAssigned(_80_param, _85_declaredType);
+                newEnv = (newEnv).AddAssigned(_84_recVar, _85_declaredType);
+              }
+              _78_loopBegin = (_78_loopBegin).Then(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_CONST(), _80_param, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_84_recVar))));
+            continue_4_0: ;
+            }
+          after_4_0: ;
+            RAST._IExpr _86_bodyExpr;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _87_bodyIdents;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _88_bodyEnv;
+            RAST._IExpr _out49;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out50;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _out51;
+            (this).GenStmts(_74_body, ((!object.Equals(selfIdent, DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf())) ? (DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_ThisTyped(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_this"), (selfIdent).dtor_dafnyType)) : (DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf())), newEnv, false, earlyReturn, out _out49, out _out50, out _out51);
+            _86_bodyExpr = _out49;
+            _87_bodyIdents = _out50;
+            _88_bodyEnv = _out51;
+            readIdents = _87_bodyIdents;
+            generated = (generated).Then(RAST.Expr.create_Labelled(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("TAIL_CALL_START"), RAST.Expr.create_Loop(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None(), (_78_loopBegin).Then(_86_bodyExpr))));
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_JumpTailCallStart) {
+          {
+            generated = RAST.Expr.create_Continue(Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("TAIL_CALL_START")));
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            newEnv = env;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Call) {
+          DAST._IExpression _89_on = _source0.dtor_on;
+          DAST._ICallName _90_name = _source0.dtor_callName;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _91_typeArgs = _source0.dtor_typeArgs;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _92_args = _source0.dtor_args;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _93_maybeOutVars = _source0.dtor_outs;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _94_argExprs;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _95_recIdents;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _96_typeExprs;
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> _97_fullNameQualifier;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _out52;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out53;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _out54;
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> _out55;
+            (this).GenArgs(selfIdent, _90_name, _91_typeArgs, _92_args, env, out _out52, out _out53, out _out54, out _out55);
+            _94_argExprs = _out52;
+            _95_recIdents = _out53;
+            _96_typeExprs = _out54;
+            _97_fullNameQualifier = _out55;
+            readIdents = _95_recIdents;
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> _source2 = _97_fullNameQualifier;
+            {
+              if (_source2.is_Some) {
+                DAST._IResolvedType value0 = _source2.dtor_value;
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _98_path = value0.dtor_path;
+                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _99_onTypeArgs = value0.dtor_typeArgs;
+                DAST._IResolvedTypeBase _100_base = value0.dtor_kind;
+                RAST._IExpr _101_fullPath;
+                RAST._IExpr _out56;
+                _out56 = (this).GenPathExpr(_98_path, true);
+                _101_fullPath = _out56;
+                Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _102_onTypeExprs;
+                Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _out57;
+                _out57 = (this).GenTypeArgs(_99_onTypeArgs, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                _102_onTypeExprs = _out57;
+                RAST._IExpr _103_onExpr = RAST.Expr.Default();
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _104_recOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _105_recIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+                if (((_100_base).is_Trait) || ((_100_base).is_Class)) {
+                  RAST._IExpr _out58;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out59;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out60;
+                  (this).GenExpr(_89_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out58, out _out59, out _out60);
+                  _103_onExpr = _out58;
+                  _104_recOwnership = _out59;
+                  _105_recIdents = _out60;
+                  _103_onExpr = ((this).modify__macro).Apply1(_103_onExpr);
+                  readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _105_recIdents);
+                } else {
+                  RAST._IExpr _out61;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out62;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out63;
+                  (this).GenExpr(_89_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowedMut(), out _out61, out _out62, out _out63);
+                  _103_onExpr = _out61;
+                  _104_recOwnership = _out62;
+                  _105_recIdents = _out63;
+                  readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _105_recIdents);
+                }
+                generated = ((((_101_fullPath).ApplyType(_102_onTypeExprs)).FSel(DCOMP.__default.escapeName((_90_name).dtor_name))).ApplyType(_96_typeExprs)).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_103_onExpr), _94_argExprs));
+                goto after_match2;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              RAST._IExpr _106_onExpr;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _107___v96;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _108_enclosingIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out64;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out65;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out66;
+              (this).GenExpr(_89_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out64, out _out65, out _out66);
+              _106_onExpr = _out64;
+              _107___v96 = _out65;
+              _108_enclosingIdents = _out66;
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _108_enclosingIdents);
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _109_renderedName;
+              _109_renderedName = (this).GetMethodName(_89_on, _90_name);
+              DAST._IExpression _source3 = _89_on;
+              {
+                bool disjunctiveMatch0 = false;
+                if (_source3.is_Companion) {
+                  disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+                }
+                if (_source3.is_ExternCompanion) {
+                  disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+                }
+                if (disjunctiveMatch0) {
+                  {
+                    _106_onExpr = (_106_onExpr).FSel(_109_renderedName);
+                  }
+                  goto after_match3;
+                }
+              }
+              {
+                {
+                  if (!object.Equals(_106_onExpr, RAST.__default.self)) {
+                    DAST._ICallName _source4 = _90_name;
+                    {
+                      if (_source4.is_CallName) {
+                        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IType> onType0 = _source4.dtor_onType;
+                        if (onType0.is_Some) {
+                          DAST._IType _110_tpe = onType0.dtor_value;
+                          RAST._IType _111_typ;
+                          RAST._IType _out67;
+                          _out67 = (this).GenType(_110_tpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                          _111_typ = _out67;
+                          if (((_111_typ).IsObjectOrPointer()) && (!object.Equals(_106_onExpr, RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"))))) {
+                            _106_onExpr = ((this).modify__macro).Apply1(_106_onExpr);
+                          }
+                          goto after_match4;
+                        }
+                      }
+                    }
+                    {
+                    }
+                  after_match4: ;
+                  }
+                  _106_onExpr = (_106_onExpr).Sel(_109_renderedName);
+                }
+              }
+            after_match3: ;
+              generated = ((_106_onExpr).ApplyType(_96_typeExprs)).Apply(_94_argExprs);
+            }
+          after_match2: ;
+            if (((_93_maybeOutVars).is_Some) && ((new BigInteger(((_93_maybeOutVars).dtor_value).Count)) == (BigInteger.One))) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _112_outVar;
+              _112_outVar = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(((_93_maybeOutVars).dtor_value).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+              if (!((env).CanReadWithoutClone(_112_outVar))) {
+                generated = RAST.__default.MaybePlacebo(generated);
+              }
+              generated = RAST.__default.AssignVar(_112_outVar, generated);
+            } else if (((_93_maybeOutVars).is_None) || ((new BigInteger(((_93_maybeOutVars).dtor_value).Count)).Sign == 0)) {
+            } else {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _113_tmpVar;
+              _113_tmpVar = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_x");
+              RAST._IExpr _114_tmpId;
+              _114_tmpId = RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_113_tmpVar);
+              generated = RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_CONST(), _113_tmpVar, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(generated));
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _115_outVars;
+              _115_outVars = (_93_maybeOutVars).dtor_value;
+              BigInteger _hi2 = new BigInteger((_115_outVars).Count);
+              for (BigInteger _116_outI = BigInteger.Zero; _116_outI < _hi2; _116_outI++) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _117_outVar;
+                _117_outVar = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar((_115_outVars).Select(_116_outI));
+                RAST._IExpr _118_rhs;
+                _118_rhs = (_114_tmpId).Sel(Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_116_outI));
+                if (!((env).CanReadWithoutClone(_117_outVar))) {
+                  _118_rhs = RAST.__default.MaybePlacebo(_118_rhs);
+                }
+                generated = (generated).Then(RAST.__default.AssignVar(_117_outVar, _118_rhs));
+              }
+            }
+            newEnv = env;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Return) {
+          DAST._IExpression _119_exprDafny = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _120_expr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _121___v106;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _122_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out68;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out69;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out70;
+            (this).GenExpr(_119_exprDafny, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out68, out _out69, out _out70);
+            _120_expr = _out68;
+            _121___v106 = _out69;
+            _122_recIdents = _out70;
+            readIdents = _122_recIdents;
+            if (isLast) {
+              generated = _120_expr;
+            } else {
+              generated = RAST.Expr.create_Return(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_120_expr));
+            }
+            newEnv = env;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_EarlyReturn) {
+          {
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>> _source5 = earlyReturn;
+            {
+              if (_source5.is_None) {
+                generated = RAST.Expr.create_Return(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_None());
+                goto after_match5;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _123_rustIdents = _source5.dtor_value;
+              Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _124_tupleArgs;
+              _124_tupleArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+              BigInteger _hi3 = new BigInteger((_123_rustIdents).Count);
+              for (BigInteger _125_i = BigInteger.Zero; _125_i < _hi3; _125_i++) {
+                RAST._IExpr _126_rIdent;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _127___v107;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _128___v108;
+                RAST._IExpr _out71;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out72;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out73;
+                (this).GenIdent((_123_rustIdents).Select(_125_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out71, out _out72, out _out73);
+                _126_rIdent = _out71;
+                _127___v107 = _out72;
+                _128___v108 = _out73;
+                _124_tupleArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_124_tupleArgs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_126_rIdent));
+              }
+              if ((new BigInteger((_124_tupleArgs).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) {
+                generated = RAST.Expr.create_Return(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some((_124_tupleArgs).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
+              } else {
+                generated = RAST.Expr.create_Return(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(RAST.Expr.create_Tuple(_124_tupleArgs)));
+              }
+            }
+          after_match5: ;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            newEnv = env;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Halt) {
+          {
+            generated = (RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("panic!"))).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Halt"), false, false));
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            newEnv = env;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        DAST._IExpression _129_e = _source0.dtor_Print_a0;
+        {
+          RAST._IExpr _130_printedExpr;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _131_recOwnership;
+          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _132_recIdents;
+          RAST._IExpr _out74;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _out75;
+          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out76;
+          (this).GenExpr(_129_e, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out74, out _out75, out _out76);
+          _130_printedExpr = _out74;
+          _131_recOwnership = _out75;
+          _132_recIdents = _out76;
+          generated = (RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("print!"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{}"), false, false), (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyPrintWrapper"))).AsExpr()).Apply1(_130_printedExpr)));
+          readIdents = _132_recIdents;
+          newEnv = env;
+        }
+      }
+    after_match0: ;
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> NewtypeRangeToRustType(DAST._INewtypeRange range) {
+      DAST._INewtypeRange _source0 = range;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_NoRange) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None();
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_U8) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_U8());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_U16) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_U16());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_U32) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_U32());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_U64) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_U64());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_U128) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_U128());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_I8) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I8());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_I16) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I16());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_I32) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I32());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_I64) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I64());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_I128) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.Type.create_I128());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None();
+      }
+    }
+    public void FromOwned(RAST._IExpr r, DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, out RAST._IExpr @out, out DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership)
+    {
+      @out = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+      if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwnedBox())) {
+        @out = RAST.__default.BoxNew(r);
+        resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwnedBox();
+      } else if ((object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned())) || (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed()))) {
+        @out = r;
+        resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+      } else if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed())) {
+        @out = RAST.__default.Borrow(r);
+        resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+      } else {
+        @out = ((this).modify__macro).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((r)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/*TODO: Conversion from Borrowed or BorrowedMut to BorrowedMut*/"))));
+        resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowedMut();
+      }
+    }
+    public void FromOwnership(RAST._IExpr r, DCOMP._IOwnership ownership, DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, out RAST._IExpr @out, out DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership)
+    {
+      @out = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+      if (object.Equals(ownership, expectedOwnership)) {
+        @out = r;
+        resultingOwnership = expectedOwnership;
+        return ;
+      }
+      if (object.Equals(ownership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned())) {
+        RAST._IExpr _out0;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out1;
+        (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out0, out _out1);
+        @out = _out0;
+        resultingOwnership = _out1;
+        return ;
+      } else if (object.Equals(ownership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwnedBox())) {
+        RAST._IExpr _out2;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out3;
+        (this).FromOwned(RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*"), r, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat()), expectedOwnership, out _out2, out _out3);
+        @out = _out2;
+        resultingOwnership = _out3;
+      } else if ((object.Equals(ownership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed())) || (object.Equals(ownership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowedMut()))) {
+        if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned())) {
+          resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+          @out = (r).Clone();
+        } else if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwnedBox())) {
+          resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwnedBox();
+          @out = RAST.__default.BoxNew((r).Clone());
+        } else if ((object.Equals(expectedOwnership, ownership)) || (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed()))) {
+          resultingOwnership = ownership;
+          @out = r;
+        } else if ((object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed())) && (object.Equals(ownership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowedMut()))) {
+          resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+          @out = r;
+        } else {
+          resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowedMut();
+          @out = RAST.__default.BorrowMut(r);
+        }
+      } else {
+      }
+    }
+    public static bool OwnershipGuarantee(DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership)
+    {
+      return (!(!object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed())) || (object.Equals(resultingOwnership, expectedOwnership))) && (!object.Equals(resultingOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed()));
+    }
+    public void GenExprLiteral(DAST._IExpression e, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, out RAST._IExpr r, out DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents)
+    {
+      r = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      DAST._IExpression _source0 = e;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Literal) {
+          DAST._ILiteral _h170 = _source0.dtor_Literal_a0;
+          if (_h170.is_BoolLiteral) {
+            bool _0_b = _h170.dtor_BoolLiteral_a0;
+            {
+              RAST._IExpr _out0;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out1;
+              (this).FromOwned(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralBool(_0_b), expectedOwnership, out _out0, out _out1);
+              r = _out0;
+              resultingOwnership = _out1;
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+              return ;
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Literal) {
+          DAST._ILiteral _h171 = _source0.dtor_Literal_a0;
+          if (_h171.is_IntLiteral) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_i = _h171.dtor_IntLiteral_a0;
+            DAST._IType _2_t = _h171.dtor_IntLiteral_a1;
+            {
+              DAST._IType _source1 = _2_t;
+              {
+                if (_source1.is_Primitive) {
+                  DAST._IPrimitive _h70 = _source1.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+                  if (_h70.is_Int) {
+                    {
+                      if ((new BigInteger((_1_i).Count)) <= (new BigInteger(4))) {
+                        r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("int!"))).AsExpr()).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(_1_i));
+                      } else {
+                        r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("int!"))).AsExpr()).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralString(_1_i, true, false));
+                      }
+                    }
+                    goto after_match1;
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+              {
+                DAST._IType _3_o = _source1;
+                {
+                  RAST._IType _4_genType;
+                  RAST._IType _out2;
+                  _out2 = (this).GenType(_3_o, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                  _4_genType = _out2;
+                  r = RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(_1_i), _4_genType);
+                }
+              }
+            after_match1: ;
+              RAST._IExpr _out3;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out4;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out3, out _out4);
+              r = _out3;
+              resultingOwnership = _out4;
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+              return ;
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Literal) {
+          DAST._ILiteral _h172 = _source0.dtor_Literal_a0;
+          if (_h172.is_DecLiteral) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _5_n = _h172.dtor_DecLiteral_a0;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _6_d = _h172.dtor_DecLiteral_a1;
+            DAST._IType _7_t = _h172.dtor_DecLiteral_a2;
+            {
+              DAST._IType _source2 = _7_t;
+              {
+                if (_source2.is_Primitive) {
+                  DAST._IPrimitive _h71 = _source2.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+                  if (_h71.is_Real) {
+                    {
+                      r = RAST.__default.RcNew(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigRational::new(::dafny_runtime::BigInt::parse_bytes(b\""), _5_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\", 10).unwrap(), ::dafny_runtime::BigInt::parse_bytes(b\"")), _6_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\", 10).unwrap())"))));
+                    }
+                    goto after_match2;
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+              {
+                DAST._IType _8_o = _source2;
+                {
+                  RAST._IType _9_genType;
+                  RAST._IType _out5;
+                  _out5 = (this).GenType(_8_o, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                  _9_genType = _out5;
+                  r = RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), _5_n), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0 / ")), _6_d), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".0")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"))), _9_genType);
+                }
+              }
+            after_match2: ;
+              RAST._IExpr _out6;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out7;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out6, out _out7);
+              r = _out6;
+              resultingOwnership = _out7;
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+              return ;
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Literal) {
+          DAST._ILiteral _h173 = _source0.dtor_Literal_a0;
+          if (_h173.is_StringLiteral) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _10_l = _h173.dtor_StringLiteral_a0;
+            bool _11_verbatim = _h173.dtor_verbatim;
+            {
+              r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).string__of)).AsExpr()).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_LiteralString(_10_l, false, _11_verbatim));
+              RAST._IExpr _out8;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out9;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out8, out _out9);
+              r = _out8;
+              resultingOwnership = _out9;
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+              return ;
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Literal) {
+          DAST._ILiteral _h174 = _source0.dtor_Literal_a0;
+          if (_h174.is_CharLiteralUTF16) {
+            BigInteger _12_c = _h174.dtor_CharLiteralUTF16_a0;
+            {
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_12_c));
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription(r, RAST.Type.create_U16());
+              r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).DafnyChar)).AsExpr()).Apply1(r);
+              RAST._IExpr _out10;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out11;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out10, out _out11);
+              r = _out10;
+              resultingOwnership = _out11;
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+              return ;
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Literal) {
+          DAST._ILiteral _h175 = _source0.dtor_Literal_a0;
+          if (_h175.is_CharLiteral) {
+            Dafny.Rune _13_c = _h175.dtor_CharLiteral_a0;
+            {
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(new BigInteger((_13_c).Value)));
+              if (!(((this).charType).is_UTF32)) {
+                r = RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription(r, RAST.Type.create_U16());
+              } else {
+                r = (((((((RAST.__default.@global).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("std"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("primitive"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("char"))).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("from_u32"))).Apply1(r)).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unwrap"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+              }
+              r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).DafnyChar)).AsExpr()).Apply1(r);
+              RAST._IExpr _out12;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out13;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out12, out _out13);
+              r = _out12;
+              resultingOwnership = _out13;
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+              return ;
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        DAST._ILiteral _h176 = _source0.dtor_Literal_a0;
+        DAST._IType _14_tpe = _h176.dtor_Null_a0;
+        {
+          RAST._IType _15_tpeGen;
+          RAST._IType _out14;
+          _out14 = (this).GenType(_14_tpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+          _15_tpeGen = _out14;
+          if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+            r = ((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("ptr"))).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("null_mut"));
+          } else {
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Object"))).AsExpr()).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("None"))), _15_tpeGen);
+          }
+          RAST._IExpr _out15;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _out16;
+          (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out15, out _out16);
+          r = _out15;
+          resultingOwnership = _out16;
+          readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+          return ;
+        }
+      }
+    after_match0: ;
+    }
+    public void GenExprBinary(DAST._IExpression e, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, out RAST._IExpr r, out DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents)
+    {
+      r = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      DAST._IExpression _let_tmp_rhs0 = e;
+      DAST._IBinOp _0_op = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_op;
+      DAST._IExpression _1_lExpr = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_left;
+      DAST._IExpression _2_rExpr = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_right;
+      DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat _3_format = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_format2;
+      bool _4_becomesLeftCallsRight;
+      DAST._IBinOp _source0 = _0_op;
+      {
+        bool disjunctiveMatch0 = false;
+        if (_source0.is_SetMerge) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_SetSubtraction) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_SetIntersection) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_SetDisjoint) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_MapMerge) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_MapSubtraction) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_MultisetMerge) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_MultisetSubtraction) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_MultisetIntersection) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_MultisetDisjoint) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_Concat) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (disjunctiveMatch0) {
+          _4_becomesLeftCallsRight = true;
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        _4_becomesLeftCallsRight = false;
+      }
+    after_match0: ;
+      bool _5_becomesRightCallsLeft;
+      DAST._IBinOp _source1 = _0_op;
+      {
+        if (_source1.is_In) {
+          _5_becomesRightCallsLeft = true;
+          goto after_match1;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        _5_becomesRightCallsLeft = false;
+      }
+    after_match1: ;
+      bool _6_becomesCallLeftRight;
+      DAST._IBinOp _source2 = _0_op;
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_Eq) {
+          bool referential0 = _source2.dtor_referential;
+          if ((referential0) == (true)) {
+            _6_becomesCallLeftRight = false;
+            goto after_match2;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_SetMerge) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_SetSubtraction) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_SetIntersection) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_SetDisjoint) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_MapMerge) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_MapSubtraction) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_MultisetMerge) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_MultisetSubtraction) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_MultisetIntersection) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_MultisetDisjoint) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source2.is_Concat) {
+          _6_becomesCallLeftRight = true;
+          goto after_match2;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        _6_becomesCallLeftRight = false;
+      }
+    after_match2: ;
+      DCOMP._IOwnership _7_expectedLeftOwnership;
+      if (_4_becomesLeftCallsRight) {
+        _7_expectedLeftOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed();
+      } else if ((_5_becomesRightCallsLeft) || (_6_becomesCallLeftRight)) {
+        _7_expectedLeftOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+      } else {
+        _7_expectedLeftOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+      }
+      DCOMP._IOwnership _8_expectedRightOwnership;
+      if ((_4_becomesLeftCallsRight) || (_6_becomesCallLeftRight)) {
+        _8_expectedRightOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+      } else if (_5_becomesRightCallsLeft) {
+        _8_expectedRightOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed();
+      } else {
+        _8_expectedRightOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+      }
+      RAST._IExpr _9_left;
+      DCOMP._IOwnership _10___v113;
+      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _11_recIdentsL;
+      RAST._IExpr _out0;
+      DCOMP._IOwnership _out1;
+      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out2;
+      (this).GenExpr(_1_lExpr, selfIdent, env, _7_expectedLeftOwnership, out _out0, out _out1, out _out2);
+      _9_left = _out0;
+      _10___v113 = _out1;
+      _11_recIdentsL = _out2;
+      RAST._IExpr _12_right;
+      DCOMP._IOwnership _13___v114;
+      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _14_recIdentsR;
+      RAST._IExpr _out3;
+      DCOMP._IOwnership _out4;
+      Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out5;
+      (this).GenExpr(_2_rExpr, selfIdent, env, _8_expectedRightOwnership, out _out3, out _out4, out _out5);
+      _12_right = _out3;
+      _13___v114 = _out4;
+      _14_recIdentsR = _out5;
+      DAST._IBinOp _source3 = _0_op;
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_In) {
+          {
+            r = ((_12_right).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("contains"))).Apply1(_9_left);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_SeqProperPrefix) {
+          r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _9_left, _12_right, _3_format);
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_SeqPrefix) {
+          r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<="), _9_left, _12_right, _3_format);
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_SetMerge) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("merge"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_SetSubtraction) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("subtract"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_SetIntersection) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("intersect"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_Subset) {
+          {
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<="), _9_left, _12_right, _3_format);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_ProperSubset) {
+          {
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _9_left, _12_right, _3_format);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_SetDisjoint) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("disjoint"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_MapMerge) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("merge"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_MapSubtraction) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("subtract"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_MultisetMerge) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("merge"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_MultisetSubtraction) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("subtract"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_MultisetIntersection) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("intersect"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_Submultiset) {
+          {
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<="), _9_left, _12_right, _3_format);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_ProperSubmultiset) {
+          {
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), _9_left, _12_right, _3_format);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_MultisetDisjoint) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("disjoint"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source3.is_Concat) {
+          {
+            r = ((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("concat"))).Apply1(_12_right);
+          }
+          goto after_match3;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        {
+          if ((DCOMP.COMP.OpTable).Contains(_0_op)) {
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Map<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Select(DCOMP.COMP.OpTable,_0_op), _9_left, _12_right, _3_format);
+          } else {
+            DAST._IBinOp _source4 = _0_op;
+            {
+              if (_source4.is_Eq) {
+                bool _15_referential = _source4.dtor_referential;
+                {
+                  if (_15_referential) {
+                    if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+                      (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Cannot compare raw pointers yet - need to wrap them with a structure to ensure they are compared properly"));
+                      r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr((this.error).dtor_value);
+                    } else {
+                      r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=="), _9_left, _12_right, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat());
+                    }
+                  } else {
+                    if (((_2_rExpr).is_SeqValue) && ((new BigInteger(((_2_rExpr).dtor_elements).Count)).Sign == 0)) {
+                      r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=="), ((((_9_left).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("to_array"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements())).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("len"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()), RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0")), DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat());
+                    } else if (((_1_lExpr).is_SeqValue) && ((new BigInteger(((_1_lExpr).dtor_elements).Count)).Sign == 0)) {
+                      r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=="), RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0")), ((((_12_right).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("to_array"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements())).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("len"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()), DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat());
+                    } else {
+                      r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=="), _9_left, _12_right, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat());
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+                goto after_match4;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (_source4.is_EuclidianDiv) {
+                {
+                  r = (RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_division"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_9_left, _12_right));
+                }
+                goto after_match4;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (_source4.is_EuclidianMod) {
+                {
+                  r = (RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::euclidian_modulo"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_9_left, _12_right));
+                }
+                goto after_match4;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _16_op = _source4.dtor_Passthrough_a0;
+              {
+                r = RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(_16_op, _9_left, _12_right, _3_format);
+              }
+            }
+          after_match4: ;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    after_match3: ;
+      RAST._IExpr _out6;
+      DCOMP._IOwnership _out7;
+      (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out6, out _out7);
+      r = _out6;
+      resultingOwnership = _out7;
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_11_recIdentsL, _14_recIdentsR);
+      return ;
+    }
+    public void GenExprConvertToNewtype(DAST._IExpression e, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, out RAST._IExpr r, out DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents)
+    {
+      r = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      DAST._IExpression _let_tmp_rhs0 = e;
+      DAST._IExpression _0_expr = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_value;
+      DAST._IType _1_fromTpe = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_from;
+      DAST._IType _2_toTpe = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_typ;
+      DAST._IType _let_tmp_rhs1 = _2_toTpe;
+      DAST._IResolvedType _let_tmp_rhs2 = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor_resolved;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3_path = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_path;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _4_typeArgs = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_typeArgs;
+      DAST._IResolvedTypeBase _let_tmp_rhs3 = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_kind;
+      DAST._IType _5_b = _let_tmp_rhs3.dtor_baseType;
+      DAST._INewtypeRange _6_range = _let_tmp_rhs3.dtor_range;
+      bool _7_erase = _let_tmp_rhs3.dtor_erase;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _8___v116 = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_attributes;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _9___v117 = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_properMethods;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _10___v118 = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_extendedTypes;
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _11_nativeToType;
+      _11_nativeToType = DCOMP.COMP.NewtypeRangeToRustType(_6_range);
+      if (object.Equals(_1_fromTpe, _5_b)) {
+        RAST._IExpr _12_recursiveGen;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _13_recOwned;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _14_recIdents;
+        RAST._IExpr _out0;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out1;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out2;
+        (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out0, out _out1, out _out2);
+        _12_recursiveGen = _out0;
+        _13_recOwned = _out1;
+        _14_recIdents = _out2;
+        readIdents = _14_recIdents;
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _source0 = _11_nativeToType;
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Some) {
+            RAST._IType _15_v = _source0.dtor_value;
+            r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("truncate!"))).AsExpr()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_12_recursiveGen, RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromType(_15_v)));
+            RAST._IExpr _out3;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out4;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out3, out _out4);
+            r = _out3;
+            resultingOwnership = _out4;
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_7_erase) {
+            r = _12_recursiveGen;
+          } else {
+            RAST._IType _16_rhsType;
+            RAST._IType _out5;
+            _out5 = (this).GenType(_2_toTpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _16_rhsType = _out5;
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_16_rhsType)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), (_12_recursiveGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")));
+          }
+          RAST._IExpr _out6;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _out7;
+          (this).FromOwnership(r, _13_recOwned, expectedOwnership, out _out6, out _out7);
+          r = _out6;
+          resultingOwnership = _out7;
+        }
+      after_match0: ;
+      } else {
+        if ((_11_nativeToType).is_Some) {
+          DAST._IType _source1 = _1_fromTpe;
+          {
+            if (_source1.is_UserDefined) {
+              DAST._IResolvedType resolved0 = _source1.dtor_resolved;
+              DAST._IResolvedTypeBase kind0 = resolved0.dtor_kind;
+              if (kind0.is_Newtype) {
+                DAST._IType _17_b0 = kind0.dtor_baseType;
+                DAST._INewtypeRange _18_range0 = kind0.dtor_range;
+                bool _19_erase0 = kind0.dtor_erase;
+                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _20_attributes0 = resolved0.dtor_attributes;
+                {
+                  Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _21_nativeFromType;
+                  _21_nativeFromType = DCOMP.COMP.NewtypeRangeToRustType(_18_range0);
+                  if ((_21_nativeFromType).is_Some) {
+                    RAST._IExpr _22_recursiveGen;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _23_recOwned;
+                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _24_recIdents;
+                    RAST._IExpr _out8;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _out9;
+                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out10;
+                    (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out8, out _out9, out _out10);
+                    _22_recursiveGen = _out8;
+                    _23_recOwned = _out9;
+                    _24_recIdents = _out10;
+                    RAST._IExpr _out11;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _out12;
+                    (this).FromOwnership(RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription(_22_recursiveGen, (_11_nativeToType).dtor_value), _23_recOwned, expectedOwnership, out _out11, out _out12);
+                    r = _out11;
+                    resultingOwnership = _out12;
+                    readIdents = _24_recIdents;
+                    return ;
+                  }
+                }
+                goto after_match1;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          {
+          }
+        after_match1: ;
+          if (object.Equals(_1_fromTpe, DAST.Type.create_Primitive(DAST.Primitive.create_Char()))) {
+            RAST._IExpr _25_recursiveGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _26_recOwned;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _27_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out13;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out14;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out15;
+            (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out13, out _out14, out _out15);
+            _25_recursiveGen = _out13;
+            _26_recOwned = _out14;
+            _27_recIdents = _out15;
+            RAST._IExpr _out16;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out17;
+            (this).FromOwnership(RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription((_25_recursiveGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0")), (_11_nativeToType).dtor_value), _26_recOwned, expectedOwnership, out _out16, out _out17);
+            r = _out16;
+            resultingOwnership = _out17;
+            readIdents = _27_recIdents;
+            return ;
+          }
+        }
+        RAST._IExpr _out18;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out19;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out20;
+        (this).GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_0_expr, _1_fromTpe, _5_b), _5_b, _2_toTpe), selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out18, out _out19, out _out20);
+        r = _out18;
+        resultingOwnership = _out19;
+        readIdents = _out20;
+      }
+    }
+    public void GenExprConvertFromNewtype(DAST._IExpression e, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, out RAST._IExpr r, out DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents)
+    {
+      r = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      DAST._IExpression _let_tmp_rhs0 = e;
+      DAST._IExpression _0_expr = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_value;
+      DAST._IType _1_fromTpe = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_from;
+      DAST._IType _2_toTpe = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_typ;
+      DAST._IType _let_tmp_rhs1 = _1_fromTpe;
+      DAST._IResolvedType _let_tmp_rhs2 = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor_resolved;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3___v124 = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_path;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _4___v125 = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_typeArgs;
+      DAST._IResolvedTypeBase _let_tmp_rhs3 = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_kind;
+      DAST._IType _5_b = _let_tmp_rhs3.dtor_baseType;
+      DAST._INewtypeRange _6_range = _let_tmp_rhs3.dtor_range;
+      bool _7_erase = _let_tmp_rhs3.dtor_erase;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _8_attributes = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_attributes;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _9___v126 = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_properMethods;
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _10___v127 = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor_extendedTypes;
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _11_nativeFromType;
+      _11_nativeFromType = DCOMP.COMP.NewtypeRangeToRustType(_6_range);
+      if (object.Equals(_5_b, _2_toTpe)) {
+        RAST._IExpr _12_recursiveGen;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _13_recOwned;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _14_recIdents;
+        RAST._IExpr _out0;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out1;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out2;
+        (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out0, out _out1, out _out2);
+        _12_recursiveGen = _out0;
+        _13_recOwned = _out1;
+        _14_recIdents = _out2;
+        readIdents = _14_recIdents;
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _source0 = _11_nativeFromType;
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Some) {
+            RAST._IType _15_v = _source0.dtor_value;
+            RAST._IType _16_toTpeRust;
+            RAST._IType _out3;
+            _out3 = (this).GenType(_2_toTpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _16_toTpeRust = _out3;
+            r = ((((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("convert"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Into"))).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_16_toTpeRust))).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("into"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_12_recursiveGen));
+            RAST._IExpr _out4;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out5;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out4, out _out5);
+            r = _out4;
+            resultingOwnership = _out5;
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_7_erase) {
+            r = _12_recursiveGen;
+          } else {
+            r = (_12_recursiveGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0"));
+          }
+          RAST._IExpr _out6;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _out7;
+          (this).FromOwnership(r, _13_recOwned, expectedOwnership, out _out6, out _out7);
+          r = _out6;
+          resultingOwnership = _out7;
+        }
+      after_match0: ;
+      } else {
+        if ((_11_nativeFromType).is_Some) {
+          if (object.Equals(_2_toTpe, DAST.Type.create_Primitive(DAST.Primitive.create_Char()))) {
+            RAST._IExpr _17_recursiveGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _18_recOwned;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _19_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out8;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out9;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out10;
+            (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out8, out _out9, out _out10);
+            _17_recursiveGen = _out8;
+            _18_recOwned = _out9;
+            _19_recIdents = _out10;
+            RAST._IExpr _out11;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out12;
+            (this).FromOwnership((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).DafnyChar)).AsExpr()).Apply1(RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription(_17_recursiveGen, (this).DafnyCharUnderlying)), _18_recOwned, expectedOwnership, out _out11, out _out12);
+            r = _out11;
+            resultingOwnership = _out12;
+            readIdents = _19_recIdents;
+            return ;
+          }
+        }
+        RAST._IExpr _out13;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out14;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out15;
+        (this).GenExpr(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(DAST.Expression.create_Convert(_0_expr, _1_fromTpe, _5_b), _5_b, _2_toTpe), selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out13, out _out14, out _out15);
+        r = _out13;
+        resultingOwnership = _out14;
+        readIdents = _out15;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsBuiltinCollection(DAST._IType typ) {
+      return ((((typ).is_Seq) || ((typ).is_Set)) || ((typ).is_Map)) || ((typ).is_Multiset);
+    }
+    public DAST._IType GetBuiltinCollectionElement(DAST._IType typ) {
+      if ((typ).is_Map) {
+        return (typ).dtor_value;
+      } else {
+        return (typ).dtor_element;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool SameTypesButDifferentTypeParameters(DAST._IType fromType, RAST._IType fromTpe, DAST._IType toType, RAST._IType toTpe)
+    {
+      return (((((((fromTpe).is_TypeApp) && ((toTpe).is_TypeApp)) && (object.Equals((fromTpe).dtor_baseName, (toTpe).dtor_baseName))) && ((fromType).is_UserDefined)) && ((toType).is_UserDefined)) && ((this).IsSameResolvedTypeAnyArgs((fromType).dtor_resolved, (toType).dtor_resolved))) && ((((new BigInteger((((fromType).dtor_resolved).dtor_typeArgs).Count)) == (new BigInteger((((toType).dtor_resolved).dtor_typeArgs).Count))) && ((new BigInteger((((toType).dtor_resolved).dtor_typeArgs).Count)) == (new BigInteger(((fromTpe).dtor_arguments).Count)))) && ((new BigInteger(((fromTpe).dtor_arguments).Count)) == (new BigInteger(((toTpe).dtor_arguments).Count))));
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IResult<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, __E> SeqResultToResultSeq<__T, __E>(Dafny.ISequence<Std.Wrappers._IResult<__T, __E>> xs) {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Result<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, __E>.create_Success(Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        Std.Wrappers._IResult<__T, __E> _0_valueOrError0 = (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+        if ((_0_valueOrError0).IsFailure()) {
+          return (_0_valueOrError0).PropagateFailure<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>();
+        } else {
+          __T _1_head = (_0_valueOrError0).Extract();
+          Std.Wrappers._IResult<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, __E> _2_valueOrError1 = (this).SeqResultToResultSeq<__T, __E>((xs).Drop(BigInteger.One));
+          if ((_2_valueOrError1).IsFailure()) {
+            return (_2_valueOrError1).PropagateFailure<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>();
+          } else {
+            Dafny.ISequence<__T> _3_tail = (_2_valueOrError1).Extract();
+            return Std.Wrappers.Result<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, __E>.create_Success(Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements(_1_head), _3_tail));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>> UpcastConversionLambda(DAST._IType fromType, RAST._IType fromTpe, DAST._IType toType, RAST._IType toTpe, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr> typeParams)
+    {
+      var _pat_let_tv0 = fromType;
+      var _pat_let_tv1 = fromTpe;
+      var _pat_let_tv2 = toType;
+      var _pat_let_tv3 = toTpe;
+      var _pat_let_tv4 = typeParams;
+      if (object.Equals(fromTpe, toTpe)) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Result<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>.create_Success(((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("upcast_id"))).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(fromTpe))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()));
+      } else if (((fromTpe).IsObjectOrPointer()) && ((toTpe).IsObjectOrPointer())) {
+        if (!(((toTpe).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying()).is_DynType)) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Result<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>.create_Failure(_System.Tuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>.create(fromType, fromTpe, toType, toTpe, typeParams));
+        } else {
+          RAST._IType _0_fromTpeUnderlying = (fromTpe).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+          RAST._IType _1_toTpeUnderlying = (toTpe).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+          return Std.Wrappers.Result<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>.create_Success(((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).upcast)).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_0_fromTpeUnderlying, _1_toTpeUnderlying))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()));
+        }
+      } else if ((typeParams).Contains(_System.Tuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>.create(fromTpe, toTpe))) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Result<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>.create_Success(Dafny.Map<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>, RAST._IExpr>.Select(typeParams,_System.Tuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>.create(fromTpe, toTpe)));
+      } else if (((fromTpe).IsRc()) && ((toTpe).IsRc())) {
+        Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>> _2_valueOrError0 = (this).UpcastConversionLambda(fromType, (fromTpe).RcUnderlying(), toType, (toTpe).RcUnderlying(), typeParams);
+        if ((_2_valueOrError0).IsFailure()) {
+          return (_2_valueOrError0).PropagateFailure<RAST._IExpr>();
+        } else {
+          RAST._IExpr _3_lambda = (_2_valueOrError0).Extract();
+          if ((fromType).is_Arrow) {
+            return Std.Wrappers.Result<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>.create_Success(_3_lambda);
+          } else {
+            return Std.Wrappers.Result<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>.create_Success((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("rc_coerce"))).AsExpr()).Apply1(_3_lambda));
+          }
+        }
+      } else if ((this).SameTypesButDifferentTypeParameters(fromType, fromTpe, toType, toTpe)) {
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _4_indices = ((((fromType).is_UserDefined) && ((((fromType).dtor_resolved).dtor_kind).is_Datatype)) ? (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Filter<BigInteger>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<RAST._IType, DAST._IType, Func<BigInteger, bool>>>((_5_fromTpe, _6_fromType) => ((System.Func<BigInteger, bool>)((_7_i) => {
+          return ((((_7_i).Sign != -1) && ((_7_i) < (new BigInteger(((_5_fromTpe).dtor_arguments).Count)))) ? (!(((_7_i).Sign != -1) && ((_7_i) < (new BigInteger(((((_6_fromType).dtor_resolved).dtor_kind).dtor_variances).Count)))) || (!((((((_6_fromType).dtor_resolved).dtor_kind).dtor_variances).Select(_7_i)).is_Nonvariant))) : (false));
+        })))(fromTpe, fromType), ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>>) (() => {
+          BigInteger dim14 = new BigInteger(((fromTpe).dtor_arguments).Count);
+          var arr14 = new BigInteger[Dafny.Helpers.ToIntChecked(dim14, "array size exceeds memory limit")];
+          for (int i14 = 0; i14 < dim14; i14++) {
+            var _8_i = (BigInteger) i14;
+            arr14[(int)(_8_i)] = _8_i;
+          }
+          return Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromArray(arr14);
+        }))())) : (((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>>) (() => {
+          BigInteger dim15 = new BigInteger(((fromTpe).dtor_arguments).Count);
+          var arr15 = new BigInteger[Dafny.Helpers.ToIntChecked(dim15, "array size exceeds memory limit")];
+          for (int i15 = 0; i15 < dim15; i15++) {
+            var _9_i = (BigInteger) i15;
+            arr15[(int)(_9_i)] = _9_i;
+          }
+          return Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromArray(arr15);
+        }))()));
+        Std.Wrappers._IResult<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr>, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>> _10_valueOrError1 = (this).SeqResultToResultSeq<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>(((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>>>) (() => {
+          BigInteger dim16 = new BigInteger((_4_indices).Count);
+          var arr16 = new Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>[Dafny.Helpers.ToIntChecked(dim16, "array size exceeds memory limit")];
+          for (int i16 = 0; i16 < dim16; i16++) {
+            var _11_j = (BigInteger) i16;
+            arr16[(int)(_11_j)] = Dafny.Helpers.Let<BigInteger, Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>>((_4_indices).Select(_11_j), _pat_let27_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<BigInteger, Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>>(_pat_let27_0, _12_i => (this).UpcastConversionLambda((((_pat_let_tv0).dtor_resolved).dtor_typeArgs).Select(_12_i), ((_pat_let_tv1).dtor_arguments).Select(_12_i), (((_pat_let_tv2).dtor_resolved).dtor_typeArgs).Select(_12_i), ((_pat_let_tv3).dtor_arguments).Select(_12_i), _pat_let_tv4)));
+          }
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>>.FromArray(arr16);
+        }))());
+        if ((_10_valueOrError1).IsFailure()) {
+          return (_10_valueOrError1).PropagateFailure<RAST._IExpr>();
+        } else {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _13_lambdas = (_10_valueOrError1).Extract();
+          return Std.Wrappers.Result<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>.create_Success((((RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromType((fromTpe).dtor_baseName)).ApplyType(((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType>>) (() => {
+  BigInteger dim17 = new BigInteger(((fromTpe).dtor_arguments).Count);
+  var arr17 = new RAST._IType[Dafny.Helpers.ToIntChecked(dim17, "array size exceeds memory limit")];
+  for (int i17 = 0; i17 < dim17; i17++) {
+    var _14_i = (BigInteger) i17;
+    arr17[(int)(_14_i)] = ((fromTpe).dtor_arguments).Select(_14_i);
+  }
+  return Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromArray(arr17);
+}))())).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("coerce"))).Apply(_13_lambdas));
+        }
+      } else if (((((fromTpe).IsBuiltinCollection()) && ((toTpe).IsBuiltinCollection())) && ((this).IsBuiltinCollection(fromType))) && ((this).IsBuiltinCollection(toType))) {
+        RAST._IType _15_newFromTpe = (fromTpe).GetBuiltinCollectionElement();
+        RAST._IType _16_newToTpe = (toTpe).GetBuiltinCollectionElement();
+        DAST._IType _17_newFromType = (this).GetBuiltinCollectionElement(fromType);
+        DAST._IType _18_newToType = (this).GetBuiltinCollectionElement(toType);
+        Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>> _19_valueOrError2 = (this).UpcastConversionLambda(_17_newFromType, _15_newFromTpe, _18_newToType, _16_newToTpe, typeParams);
+        if ((_19_valueOrError2).IsFailure()) {
+          return (_19_valueOrError2).PropagateFailure<RAST._IExpr>();
+        } else {
+          RAST._IExpr _20_coerceArg = (_19_valueOrError2).Extract();
+          RAST._IPath _21_collectionType = (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(((((fromTpe).Expand()).dtor_baseName).dtor_path).dtor_name);
+          RAST._IExpr _22_baseType = (((((((fromTpe).Expand()).dtor_baseName).dtor_path).dtor_name).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Map"))) ? (((_21_collectionType).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements((((fromTpe).Expand()).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero), _15_newFromTpe))) : (((_21_collectionType).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_15_newFromTpe))));
+          return Std.Wrappers.Result<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>.create_Success(((_22_baseType).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("coerce"))).Apply1(_20_coerceArg));
+        }
+      } else if ((((((((((fromTpe).is_DynType) && (((fromTpe).dtor_underlying).is_FnType)) && ((toTpe).is_DynType)) && (((toTpe).dtor_underlying).is_FnType)) && ((((fromTpe).dtor_underlying).dtor_arguments).Equals(((toTpe).dtor_underlying).dtor_arguments))) && ((fromType).is_Arrow)) && ((toType).is_Arrow)) && ((new BigInteger((((fromTpe).dtor_underlying).dtor_arguments).Count)) == (BigInteger.One))) && (((((fromTpe).dtor_underlying).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).is_Borrowed)) {
+        Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>> _23_valueOrError3 = (this).UpcastConversionLambda((fromType).dtor_result, ((fromTpe).dtor_underlying).dtor_returnType, (toType).dtor_result, ((toTpe).dtor_underlying).dtor_returnType, typeParams);
+        if ((_23_valueOrError3).IsFailure()) {
+          return (_23_valueOrError3).PropagateFailure<RAST._IExpr>();
+        } else {
+          RAST._IExpr _24_lambda = (_23_valueOrError3).Extract();
+          return Std.Wrappers.Result<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>.create_Success(((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fn1_coerce"))).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(((((fromTpe).dtor_underlying).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).dtor_underlying, ((fromTpe).dtor_underlying).dtor_returnType, ((toTpe).dtor_underlying).dtor_returnType))).Apply1(_24_lambda));
+        }
+      } else {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Result<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>>.create_Failure(_System.Tuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>.create(fromType, fromTpe, toType, toTpe, typeParams));
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsDowncastConversion(RAST._IType fromTpe, RAST._IType toTpe)
+    {
+      if (((fromTpe).IsObjectOrPointer()) && ((toTpe).IsObjectOrPointer())) {
+        return (((fromTpe).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying()).is_DynType) && (!(((toTpe).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying()).is_DynType));
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    public void GenExprConvertOther(DAST._IExpression e, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, out RAST._IExpr r, out DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents)
+    {
+      r = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      DAST._IExpression _let_tmp_rhs0 = e;
+      DAST._IExpression _0_expr = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_value;
+      DAST._IType _1_fromTpe = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_from;
+      DAST._IType _2_toTpe = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_typ;
+      RAST._IType _3_fromTpeGen;
+      RAST._IType _out0;
+      _out0 = (this).GenType(_1_fromTpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+      _3_fromTpeGen = _out0;
+      RAST._IType _4_toTpeGen;
+      RAST._IType _out1;
+      _out1 = (this).GenType(_2_toTpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+      _4_toTpeGen = _out1;
+      Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>> _5_upcastConverter;
+      _5_upcastConverter = (this).UpcastConversionLambda(_1_fromTpe, _3_fromTpeGen, _2_toTpe, _4_toTpeGen, Dafny.Map<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>, RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+      if ((_5_upcastConverter).is_Success) {
+        RAST._IExpr _6_conversionLambda;
+        _6_conversionLambda = (_5_upcastConverter).dtor_value;
+        RAST._IExpr _7_recursiveGen;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _8_recOwned;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _9_recIdents;
+        RAST._IExpr _out2;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out3;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out4;
+        (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out2, out _out3, out _out4);
+        _7_recursiveGen = _out2;
+        _8_recOwned = _out3;
+        _9_recIdents = _out4;
+        readIdents = _9_recIdents;
+        r = (_6_conversionLambda).Apply1(_7_recursiveGen);
+        RAST._IExpr _out5;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out6;
+        (this).FromOwnership(r, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), expectedOwnership, out _out5, out _out6);
+        r = _out5;
+        resultingOwnership = _out6;
+      } else if ((this).IsDowncastConversion(_3_fromTpeGen, _4_toTpeGen)) {
+        RAST._IExpr _10_recursiveGen;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _11_recOwned;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _12_recIdents;
+        RAST._IExpr _out7;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out8;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out9;
+        (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out7, out _out8, out _out9);
+        _10_recursiveGen = _out7;
+        _11_recOwned = _out8;
+        _12_recIdents = _out9;
+        readIdents = _12_recIdents;
+        _4_toTpeGen = (_4_toTpeGen).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+        r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel((this).downcast)).AsExpr()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_10_recursiveGen, RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromType(_4_toTpeGen)));
+        RAST._IExpr _out10;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out11;
+        (this).FromOwnership(r, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), expectedOwnership, out _out10, out _out11);
+        r = _out10;
+        resultingOwnership = _out11;
+      } else {
+        RAST._IExpr _13_recursiveGen;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _14_recOwned;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _15_recIdents;
+        RAST._IExpr _out12;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out13;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out14;
+        (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out12, out _out13, out _out14);
+        _13_recursiveGen = _out12;
+        _14_recOwned = _out13;
+        _15_recIdents = _out14;
+        readIdents = _15_recIdents;
+        Std.Wrappers._IResult<RAST._IExpr, _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>>> _let_tmp_rhs1 = _5_upcastConverter;
+        _System._ITuple5<DAST._IType, RAST._IType, DAST._IType, RAST._IType, Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr>> _let_tmp_rhs2 = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor_error;
+        DAST._IType _16_fromType = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor__0;
+        RAST._IType _17_fromTpeGen = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor__1;
+        DAST._IType _18_toType = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor__2;
+        RAST._IType _19_toTpeGen = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor__3;
+        Dafny.IMap<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>,RAST._IExpr> _20_m = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor__4;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _21_msg;
+        _21_msg = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/* <i>Coercion from "), (_17_fromTpeGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" to ")), (_19_toTpeGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("</i> not yet implemented */"));
+        (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(_21_msg);
+        r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_13_recursiveGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND), _21_msg));
+        RAST._IExpr _out15;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out16;
+        (this).FromOwnership(r, _14_recOwned, expectedOwnership, out _out15, out _out16);
+        r = _out15;
+        resultingOwnership = _out16;
+      }
+    }
+    public void GenExprConvert(DAST._IExpression e, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, out RAST._IExpr r, out DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents)
+    {
+      r = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      DAST._IExpression _let_tmp_rhs0 = e;
+      DAST._IExpression _0_expr = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_value;
+      DAST._IType _1_fromTpe = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_from;
+      DAST._IType _2_toTpe = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor_typ;
+      if (object.Equals(_1_fromTpe, _2_toTpe)) {
+        RAST._IExpr _3_recursiveGen;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _4_recOwned;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _5_recIdents;
+        RAST._IExpr _out0;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out1;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out2;
+        (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out0, out _out1, out _out2);
+        _3_recursiveGen = _out0;
+        _4_recOwned = _out1;
+        _5_recIdents = _out2;
+        r = _3_recursiveGen;
+        RAST._IExpr _out3;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out4;
+        (this).FromOwnership(r, _4_recOwned, expectedOwnership, out _out3, out _out4);
+        r = _out3;
+        resultingOwnership = _out4;
+        readIdents = _5_recIdents;
+      } else {
+        _System._ITuple2<DAST._IType, DAST._IType> _source0 = _System.Tuple2<DAST._IType, DAST._IType>.create(_1_fromTpe, _2_toTpe);
+        {
+          DAST._IType _10 = _source0.dtor__1;
+          if (_10.is_UserDefined) {
+            DAST._IResolvedType resolved0 = _10.dtor_resolved;
+            DAST._IResolvedTypeBase kind0 = resolved0.dtor_kind;
+            if (kind0.is_Newtype) {
+              DAST._IType _6_b = kind0.dtor_baseType;
+              DAST._INewtypeRange _7_range = kind0.dtor_range;
+              bool _8_erase = kind0.dtor_erase;
+              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _9_attributes = resolved0.dtor_attributes;
+              {
+                RAST._IExpr _out5;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out6;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out7;
+                (this).GenExprConvertToNewtype(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out5, out _out6, out _out7);
+                r = _out5;
+                resultingOwnership = _out6;
+                readIdents = _out7;
+              }
+              goto after_match0;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          DAST._IType _00 = _source0.dtor__0;
+          if (_00.is_UserDefined) {
+            DAST._IResolvedType resolved1 = _00.dtor_resolved;
+            DAST._IResolvedTypeBase kind1 = resolved1.dtor_kind;
+            if (kind1.is_Newtype) {
+              DAST._IType _10_b = kind1.dtor_baseType;
+              DAST._INewtypeRange _11_range = kind1.dtor_range;
+              bool _12_erase = kind1.dtor_erase;
+              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _13_attributes = resolved1.dtor_attributes;
+              {
+                RAST._IExpr _out8;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out9;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out10;
+                (this).GenExprConvertFromNewtype(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out8, out _out9, out _out10);
+                r = _out8;
+                resultingOwnership = _out9;
+                readIdents = _out10;
+              }
+              goto after_match0;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          DAST._IType _01 = _source0.dtor__0;
+          if (_01.is_Primitive) {
+            DAST._IPrimitive _h70 = _01.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+            if (_h70.is_Int) {
+              DAST._IType _11 = _source0.dtor__1;
+              if (_11.is_Primitive) {
+                DAST._IPrimitive _h71 = _11.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+                if (_h71.is_Real) {
+                  {
+                    RAST._IExpr _14_recursiveGen;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _15___v138;
+                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _16_recIdents;
+                    RAST._IExpr _out11;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _out12;
+                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out13;
+                    (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out11, out _out12, out _out13);
+                    _14_recursiveGen = _out11;
+                    _15___v138 = _out12;
+                    _16_recIdents = _out13;
+                    r = RAST.__default.RcNew(RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::BigRational::from_integer("), (_14_recursiveGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"))));
+                    RAST._IExpr _out14;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _out15;
+                    (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out14, out _out15);
+                    r = _out14;
+                    resultingOwnership = _out15;
+                    readIdents = _16_recIdents;
+                  }
+                  goto after_match0;
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          DAST._IType _02 = _source0.dtor__0;
+          if (_02.is_Primitive) {
+            DAST._IPrimitive _h72 = _02.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+            if (_h72.is_Real) {
+              DAST._IType _12 = _source0.dtor__1;
+              if (_12.is_Primitive) {
+                DAST._IPrimitive _h73 = _12.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+                if (_h73.is_Int) {
+                  {
+                    RAST._IExpr _17_recursiveGen;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _18___v139;
+                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _19_recIdents;
+                    RAST._IExpr _out16;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _out17;
+                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out18;
+                    (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out16, out _out17, out _out18);
+                    _17_recursiveGen = _out16;
+                    _18___v139 = _out17;
+                    _19_recIdents = _out18;
+                    r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::dafny_rational_to_int("), (_17_recursiveGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")));
+                    RAST._IExpr _out19;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _out20;
+                    (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out19, out _out20);
+                    r = _out19;
+                    resultingOwnership = _out20;
+                    readIdents = _19_recIdents;
+                  }
+                  goto after_match0;
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          DAST._IType _03 = _source0.dtor__0;
+          if (_03.is_Primitive) {
+            DAST._IPrimitive _h74 = _03.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+            if (_h74.is_Int) {
+              DAST._IType _13 = _source0.dtor__1;
+              if (_13.is_Passthrough) {
+                {
+                  RAST._IType _20_rhsType;
+                  RAST._IType _out21;
+                  _out21 = (this).GenType(_2_toTpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                  _20_rhsType = _out21;
+                  RAST._IExpr _21_recursiveGen;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _22___v141;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _23_recIdents;
+                  RAST._IExpr _out22;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out23;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out24;
+                  (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out22, out _out23, out _out24);
+                  _21_recursiveGen = _out22;
+                  _22___v141 = _out23;
+                  _23_recIdents = _out24;
+                  r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), (_20_rhsType)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(")), (_21_recursiveGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap()")));
+                  RAST._IExpr _out25;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out26;
+                  (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out25, out _out26);
+                  r = _out25;
+                  resultingOwnership = _out26;
+                  readIdents = _23_recIdents;
+                }
+                goto after_match0;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          DAST._IType _04 = _source0.dtor__0;
+          if (_04.is_Passthrough) {
+            DAST._IType _14 = _source0.dtor__1;
+            if (_14.is_Primitive) {
+              DAST._IPrimitive _h75 = _14.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+              if (_h75.is_Int) {
+                {
+                  RAST._IType _24_rhsType;
+                  RAST._IType _out27;
+                  _out27 = (this).GenType(_1_fromTpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                  _24_rhsType = _out27;
+                  RAST._IExpr _25_recursiveGen;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _26___v143;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _27_recIdents;
+                  RAST._IExpr _out28;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out29;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out30;
+                  (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out28, out _out29, out _out30);
+                  _25_recursiveGen = _out28;
+                  _26___v143 = _out29;
+                  _27_recIdents = _out30;
+                  r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::DafnyInt::new(::std::rc::Rc::new(::dafny_runtime::BigInt::from("), (_25_recursiveGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")))")));
+                  RAST._IExpr _out31;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out32;
+                  (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out31, out _out32);
+                  r = _out31;
+                  resultingOwnership = _out32;
+                  readIdents = _27_recIdents;
+                }
+                goto after_match0;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          DAST._IType _05 = _source0.dtor__0;
+          if (_05.is_Primitive) {
+            DAST._IPrimitive _h76 = _05.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+            if (_h76.is_Int) {
+              DAST._IType _15 = _source0.dtor__1;
+              if (_15.is_Primitive) {
+                DAST._IPrimitive _h77 = _15.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+                if (_h77.is_Char) {
+                  {
+                    RAST._IType _28_rhsType;
+                    RAST._IType _out33;
+                    _out33 = (this).GenType(_2_toTpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                    _28_rhsType = _out33;
+                    RAST._IExpr _29_recursiveGen;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _30___v144;
+                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _31_recIdents;
+                    RAST._IExpr _out34;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _out35;
+                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out36;
+                    (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out34, out _out35, out _out36);
+                    _29_recursiveGen = _out34;
+                    _30___v144 = _out35;
+                    _31_recIdents = _out36;
+                    r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::"), (this).DafnyChar), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), ((((this).charType).is_UTF32) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("char::from_u32(<u32")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<u16")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ::dafny_runtime::NumCast>::from(")), (_29_recursiveGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").unwrap())")), ((((this).charType).is_UTF32) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".unwrap())")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))));
+                    RAST._IExpr _out37;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _out38;
+                    (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out37, out _out38);
+                    r = _out37;
+                    resultingOwnership = _out38;
+                    readIdents = _31_recIdents;
+                  }
+                  goto after_match0;
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          DAST._IType _06 = _source0.dtor__0;
+          if (_06.is_Primitive) {
+            DAST._IPrimitive _h78 = _06.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+            if (_h78.is_Char) {
+              DAST._IType _16 = _source0.dtor__1;
+              if (_16.is_Primitive) {
+                DAST._IPrimitive _h79 = _16.dtor_Primitive_a0;
+                if (_h79.is_Int) {
+                  {
+                    RAST._IType _32_rhsType;
+                    RAST._IType _out39;
+                    _out39 = (this).GenType(_1_fromTpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                    _32_rhsType = _out39;
+                    RAST._IExpr _33_recursiveGen;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _34___v145;
+                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _35_recIdents;
+                    RAST._IExpr _out40;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _out41;
+                    Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out42;
+                    (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out40, out _out41, out _out42);
+                    _33_recursiveGen = _out40;
+                    _34___v145 = _out41;
+                    _35_recIdents = _out42;
+                    r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("int!"))).AsExpr()).Apply1((_33_recursiveGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0")));
+                    RAST._IExpr _out43;
+                    DCOMP._IOwnership _out44;
+                    (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out43, out _out44);
+                    r = _out43;
+                    resultingOwnership = _out44;
+                    readIdents = _35_recIdents;
+                  }
+                  goto after_match0;
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          DAST._IType _07 = _source0.dtor__0;
+          if (_07.is_Passthrough) {
+            DAST._IType _17 = _source0.dtor__1;
+            if (_17.is_Passthrough) {
+              {
+                RAST._IExpr _36_recursiveGen;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _37___v148;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _38_recIdents;
+                RAST._IExpr _out45;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out46;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out47;
+                (this).GenExpr(_0_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out45, out _out46, out _out47);
+                _36_recursiveGen = _out45;
+                _37___v148 = _out46;
+                _38_recIdents = _out47;
+                RAST._IType _39_toTpeGen;
+                RAST._IType _out48;
+                _out48 = (this).GenType(_2_toTpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                _39_toTpeGen = _out48;
+                r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(("), (_36_recursiveGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ")), (_39_toTpeGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")));
+                RAST._IExpr _out49;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out50;
+                (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out49, out _out50);
+                r = _out49;
+                resultingOwnership = _out50;
+                readIdents = _38_recIdents;
+              }
+              goto after_match0;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _out51;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out52;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out53;
+            (this).GenExprConvertOther(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out51, out _out52, out _out53);
+            r = _out51;
+            resultingOwnership = _out52;
+            readIdents = _out53;
+          }
+        }
+      after_match0: ;
+      }
+      return ;
+    }
+    public void GenIdent(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> rName, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, out RAST._IExpr r, out DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents)
+    {
+      r = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      r = RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(rName);
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _0_tpe;
+      _0_tpe = (env).GetType(rName);
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _1_placeboOpt;
+      if ((_0_tpe).is_Some) {
+        _1_placeboOpt = ((_0_tpe).dtor_value).ExtractMaybePlacebo();
+      } else {
+        _1_placeboOpt = Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None();
+      }
+      bool _2_currentlyBorrowed;
+      _2_currentlyBorrowed = (env).IsBorrowed(rName);
+      bool _3_noNeedOfClone;
+      _3_noNeedOfClone = (env).CanReadWithoutClone(rName);
+      if ((_1_placeboOpt).is_Some) {
+        r = ((r).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("read"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+        _2_currentlyBorrowed = false;
+        _3_noNeedOfClone = true;
+        _0_tpe = Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some((_1_placeboOpt).dtor_value);
+      }
+      if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed())) {
+        if (_2_currentlyBorrowed) {
+          resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+        } else {
+          resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+        }
+      } else if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowedMut())) {
+        if ((rName).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"))) {
+          resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowedMut();
+        } else {
+          if (((_0_tpe).is_Some) && (((_0_tpe).dtor_value).IsObjectOrPointer())) {
+            r = ((this).modify__macro).Apply1(r);
+          } else {
+            r = RAST.__default.BorrowMut(r);
+          }
+        }
+        resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowedMut();
+      } else if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned())) {
+        bool _4_needObjectFromRef;
+        _4_needObjectFromRef = ((((selfIdent).is_ThisTyped) && ((selfIdent).IsSelf())) && (((selfIdent).dtor_rSelfName).Equals(rName))) && (((System.Func<bool>)(() => {
+          DAST._IType _source0 = (selfIdent).dtor_dafnyType;
+          {
+            if (_source0.is_UserDefined) {
+              DAST._IResolvedType resolved0 = _source0.dtor_resolved;
+              DAST._IResolvedTypeBase _5_base = resolved0.dtor_kind;
+              Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _6_attributes = resolved0.dtor_attributes;
+              return ((_5_base).is_Class) || ((_5_base).is_Trait);
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            return false;
+          }
+        }))());
+        if (_4_needObjectFromRef) {
+          r = (((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Object"))).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_"))))).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("from_ref"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(r));
+        } else {
+          if (!(_3_noNeedOfClone)) {
+            r = (r).Clone();
+          }
+        }
+        resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+      } else if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwnedBox())) {
+        if (!(_3_noNeedOfClone)) {
+          r = (r).Clone();
+        }
+        r = RAST.__default.BoxNew(r);
+        resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwnedBox();
+      } else if (_2_currentlyBorrowed) {
+        resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+      } else {
+        if (!(rName).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"))) {
+          if (((_0_tpe).is_Some) && (((_0_tpe).dtor_value).IsPointer())) {
+            r = ((this).read__macro).Apply1(r);
+          } else {
+            r = RAST.__default.Borrow(r);
+          }
+        }
+        resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+      }
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(rName);
+      return ;
+    }
+    public bool HasExternAttributeRenamingModule(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> attributes) {
+      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute>, bool>>((_0_attributes) => Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<DAST._IAttribute>((_0_attributes).UniqueElements, false, (((_exists_var_0) => {
+        DAST._IAttribute _1_attribute = (DAST._IAttribute)_exists_var_0;
+        return ((_0_attributes).Contains(_1_attribute)) && ((((_1_attribute).dtor_name).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("extern"))) && ((new BigInteger(((_1_attribute).dtor_args).Count)) == (new BigInteger(2))));
+      }))))(attributes);
+    }
+    public void GenArgs(DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DAST._ICallName name, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> typeArgs, Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> args, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, out Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> argExprs, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents, out Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> typeExprs, out Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> fullNameQualifier)
+    {
+      argExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Empty;
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      typeExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Empty;
+      fullNameQualifier = Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IResolvedType>.Default();
+      argExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _0_signature;
+      if ((name).is_CallName) {
+        if ((((name).dtor_receiverArg).is_Some) && ((name).dtor_receiverAsArgument)) {
+          _0_signature = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.FromElements(((name).dtor_receiverArg).dtor_value), ((name).dtor_signature));
+        } else {
+          _0_signature = ((name).dtor_signature);
+        }
+      } else {
+        _0_signature = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.FromElements();
+      }
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((args).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _1_i = BigInteger.Zero; _1_i < _hi0; _1_i++) {
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _2_argOwnership;
+        _2_argOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+        if ((_1_i) < (new BigInteger((_0_signature).Count))) {
+          RAST._IType _3_tpe;
+          RAST._IType _out0;
+          _out0 = (this).GenType(((_0_signature).Select(_1_i)).dtor_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+          _3_tpe = _out0;
+          if ((_3_tpe).CanReadWithoutClone()) {
+            _2_argOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+          }
+        }
+        RAST._IExpr _4_argExpr;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _5___v155;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _6_argIdents;
+        RAST._IExpr _out1;
+        DCOMP._IOwnership _out2;
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out3;
+        (this).GenExpr((args).Select(_1_i), selfIdent, env, _2_argOwnership, out _out1, out _out2, out _out3);
+        _4_argExpr = _out1;
+        _5___v155 = _out2;
+        _6_argIdents = _out3;
+        argExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(argExprs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_4_argExpr));
+        readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _6_argIdents);
+      }
+      typeExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi1 = new BigInteger((typeArgs).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _7_typeI = BigInteger.Zero; _7_typeI < _hi1; _7_typeI++) {
+        RAST._IType _8_typeExpr;
+        RAST._IType _out4;
+        _out4 = (this).GenType((typeArgs).Select(_7_typeI), DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+        _8_typeExpr = _out4;
+        typeExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(typeExprs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_8_typeExpr));
+      }
+      DAST._ICallName _source0 = name;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_CallName) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _9_nameIdent = _source0.dtor_name;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IType> onType0 = _source0.dtor_onType;
+          if (onType0.is_Some) {
+            DAST._IType value0 = onType0.dtor_value;
+            if (value0.is_UserDefined) {
+              DAST._IResolvedType _10_resolvedType = value0.dtor_resolved;
+              if ((((_10_resolvedType).dtor_kind).is_Trait) || (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<DAST._IResolvedType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>((_11_resolvedType, _12_nameIdent) => Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Helpers.SingleValue<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(_12_nameIdent), true, (((_forall_var_0) => {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _13_m = (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>)_forall_var_0;
+                return !(((_11_resolvedType).dtor_properMethods).Contains(_13_m)) || (!object.Equals(_13_m, _12_nameIdent));
+              }))))(_10_resolvedType, _9_nameIdent))) {
+                fullNameQualifier = Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IResolvedType>.create_Some(Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IResolvedType>.GetOr(DCOMP.__default.TraitTypeContainingMethod(_10_resolvedType, (_9_nameIdent)), _10_resolvedType));
+              } else {
+                fullNameQualifier = Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IResolvedType>.create_None();
+              }
+              goto after_match0;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        fullNameQualifier = Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IResolvedType>.create_None();
+      }
+    after_match0: ;
+      if ((((((fullNameQualifier).is_Some) && ((selfIdent).is_ThisTyped)) && (((selfIdent).dtor_dafnyType).is_UserDefined)) && ((this).IsSameResolvedType(((selfIdent).dtor_dafnyType).dtor_resolved, (fullNameQualifier).dtor_value))) && (!((this).HasExternAttributeRenamingModule(((fullNameQualifier).dtor_value).dtor_attributes)))) {
+        fullNameQualifier = Std.Wrappers.Option<DAST._IResolvedType>.create_None();
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> GetMethodName(DAST._IExpression @on, DAST._ICallName name)
+    {
+      DAST._ICallName _source0 = name;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_CallName) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_ident = _source0.dtor_name;
+          if ((@on).is_ExternCompanion) {
+            return (_0_ident);
+          } else {
+            return DCOMP.__default.escapeName(_0_ident);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        bool disjunctiveMatch0 = false;
+        if (_source0.is_MapBuilderAdd) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_SetBuilderAdd) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (disjunctiveMatch0) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("add");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("build");
+      }
+    }
+    public void GenExpr(DAST._IExpression e, DCOMP._ISelfInfo selfIdent, DCOMP._IEnvironment env, DCOMP._IOwnership expectedOwnership, out RAST._IExpr r, out DCOMP._IOwnership resultingOwnership, out Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> readIdents)
+    {
+      r = RAST.Expr.Default();
+      resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+      readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+      DAST._IExpression _source0 = e;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Literal) {
+          RAST._IExpr _out0;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _out1;
+          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out2;
+          (this).GenExprLiteral(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out0, out _out1, out _out2);
+          r = _out0;
+          resultingOwnership = _out1;
+          readIdents = _out2;
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Ident) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _out3;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out4;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out5;
+            (this).GenIdent(DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_0_name), selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out3, out _out4, out _out5);
+            r = _out3;
+            resultingOwnership = _out4;
+            readIdents = _out5;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ExternCompanion) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _1_path = _source0.dtor_ExternCompanion_a0;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _out6;
+            _out6 = (this).GenPathExpr(_1_path, false);
+            r = _out6;
+            if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed())) {
+              resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+            } else if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned())) {
+              resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+            } else {
+              RAST._IExpr _out7;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out8;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out7, out _out8);
+              r = _out7;
+              resultingOwnership = _out8;
+            }
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Companion) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2_path = _source0.dtor_Companion_a0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _3_typeArgs = _source0.dtor_typeArgs;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _out9;
+            _out9 = (this).GenPathExpr(_2_path, true);
+            r = _out9;
+            if ((new BigInteger((_3_typeArgs).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _4_typeExprs;
+              _4_typeExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+              BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((_3_typeArgs).Count);
+              for (BigInteger _5_i = BigInteger.Zero; _5_i < _hi0; _5_i++) {
+                RAST._IType _6_typeExpr;
+                RAST._IType _out10;
+                _out10 = (this).GenType((_3_typeArgs).Select(_5_i), DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                _6_typeExpr = _out10;
+                _4_typeExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_4_typeExprs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_6_typeExpr));
+              }
+              r = (r).ApplyType(_4_typeExprs);
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed())) {
+              resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+            } else if (object.Equals(expectedOwnership, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned())) {
+              resultingOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+            } else {
+              RAST._IExpr _out11;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out12;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out11, out _out12);
+              r = _out11;
+              resultingOwnership = _out12;
+            }
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_InitializationValue) {
+          DAST._IType _7_typ = _source0.dtor_typ;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _8_typExpr;
+            RAST._IType _out13;
+            _out13 = (this).GenType(_7_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _8_typExpr = _out13;
+            if ((_8_typExpr).IsObjectOrPointer()) {
+              r = (_8_typExpr).ToNullExpr();
+            } else {
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), (_8_typExpr)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as std::default::Default>::default()")));
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out14;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out15;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out14, out _out15);
+            r = _out14;
+            resultingOwnership = _out15;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Tuple) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _9_values = _source0.dtor_Tuple_a0;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _10_exprs;
+            _10_exprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _hi1 = new BigInteger((_9_values).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _11_i = BigInteger.Zero; _11_i < _hi1; _11_i++) {
+              RAST._IExpr _12_recursiveGen;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _13___v165;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _14_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out16;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out17;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out18;
+              (this).GenExpr((_9_values).Select(_11_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out16, out _out17, out _out18);
+              _12_recursiveGen = _out16;
+              _13___v165 = _out17;
+              _14_recIdents = _out18;
+              _10_exprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_10_exprs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_12_recursiveGen));
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _14_recIdents);
+            }
+            if ((new BigInteger((_9_values).Count)) <= (RAST.__default.MAX__TUPLE__SIZE)) {
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_Tuple(_10_exprs);
+            } else {
+              r = RAST.__default.SystemTuple(_10_exprs);
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out19;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out20;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out19, out _out20);
+            r = _out19;
+            resultingOwnership = _out20;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_New) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _15_path = _source0.dtor_path;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _16_typeArgs = _source0.dtor_typeArgs;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _17_args = _source0.dtor_args;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _out21;
+            _out21 = (this).GenPathExpr(_15_path, true);
+            r = _out21;
+            if ((new BigInteger((_16_typeArgs).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _18_typeExprs;
+              _18_typeExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+              BigInteger _hi2 = new BigInteger((_16_typeArgs).Count);
+              for (BigInteger _19_i = BigInteger.Zero; _19_i < _hi2; _19_i++) {
+                RAST._IType _20_typeExpr;
+                RAST._IType _out22;
+                _out22 = (this).GenType((_16_typeArgs).Select(_19_i), DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                _20_typeExpr = _out22;
+                _18_typeExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_18_typeExprs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_20_typeExpr));
+              }
+              r = (r).ApplyType(_18_typeExprs);
+            }
+            r = (r).FSel((this).allocate__fn);
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _21_arguments;
+            _21_arguments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _hi3 = new BigInteger((_17_args).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _22_i = BigInteger.Zero; _22_i < _hi3; _22_i++) {
+              RAST._IExpr _23_recursiveGen;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _24___v166;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _25_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out23;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out24;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out25;
+              (this).GenExpr((_17_args).Select(_22_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out23, out _out24, out _out25);
+              _23_recursiveGen = _out23;
+              _24___v166 = _out24;
+              _25_recIdents = _out25;
+              _21_arguments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_21_arguments, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_23_recursiveGen));
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _25_recIdents);
+            }
+            r = (r).Apply(_21_arguments);
+            RAST._IExpr _out26;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out27;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out26, out _out27);
+            r = _out26;
+            resultingOwnership = _out27;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_NewUninitArray) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _26_dims = _source0.dtor_dims;
+          DAST._IType _27_typ = _source0.dtor_typ;
+          {
+            if ((new BigInteger(16)) < (new BigInteger((_26_dims).Count))) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _28_msg;
+              _28_msg = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Unsupported: Creation of arrays of more than 16 dimensions");
+              if ((this.error).is_None) {
+                (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(_28_msg);
+              }
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(_28_msg);
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            } else {
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+              RAST._IType _29_typeGen;
+              RAST._IType _out28;
+              _out28 = (this).GenType(_27_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+              _29_typeGen = _out28;
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+              Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _30_dimExprs;
+              _30_dimExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+              BigInteger _hi4 = new BigInteger((_26_dims).Count);
+              for (BigInteger _31_i = BigInteger.Zero; _31_i < _hi4; _31_i++) {
+                RAST._IExpr _32_recursiveGen;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _33___v167;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _34_recIdents;
+                RAST._IExpr _out29;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out30;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out31;
+                (this).GenExpr((_26_dims).Select(_31_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out29, out _out30, out _out31);
+                _32_recursiveGen = _out29;
+                _33___v167 = _out30;
+                _34_recIdents = _out31;
+                _30_dimExprs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_30_dimExprs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.__default.IntoUsize(_32_recursiveGen)));
+                readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _34_recIdents);
+              }
+              if ((new BigInteger((_26_dims).Count)) > (BigInteger.One)) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _35_class__name;
+                _35_class__name = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Array"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(new BigInteger((_26_dims).Count)));
+                r = (((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(_35_class__name)).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_29_typeGen))).FSel((this).placebos__usize)).Apply(_30_dimExprs);
+              } else {
+                r = (((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("array"))).AsExpr()).FSel((this).placebos__usize)).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_29_typeGen))).Apply(_30_dimExprs);
+              }
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out32;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out33;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out32, out _out33);
+            r = _out32;
+            resultingOwnership = _out33;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ArrayIndexToInt) {
+          DAST._IExpression _36_underlying = _source0.dtor_value;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _37_recursiveGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _38___v168;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _39_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out34;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out35;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out36;
+            (this).GenExpr(_36_underlying, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out34, out _out35, out _out36);
+            _37_recursiveGen = _out34;
+            _38___v168 = _out35;
+            _39_recIdents = _out36;
+            r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("int!"))).AsExpr()).Apply1(_37_recursiveGen);
+            readIdents = _39_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out37;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out38;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out37, out _out38);
+            r = _out37;
+            resultingOwnership = _out38;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_FinalizeNewArray) {
+          DAST._IExpression _40_underlying = _source0.dtor_value;
+          DAST._IType _41_typ = _source0.dtor_typ;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _42_tpe;
+            RAST._IType _out39;
+            _out39 = (this).GenType(_41_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _42_tpe = _out39;
+            RAST._IExpr _43_recursiveGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _44___v169;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _45_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out40;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out41;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out42;
+            (this).GenExpr(_40_underlying, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out40, out _out41, out _out42);
+            _43_recursiveGen = _out40;
+            _44___v169 = _out41;
+            _45_recIdents = _out42;
+            readIdents = _45_recIdents;
+            if ((_42_tpe).IsObjectOrPointer()) {
+              RAST._IType _46_t;
+              _46_t = (_42_tpe).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+              if ((_46_t).is_Array) {
+                r = ((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("array"))).AsExpr()).FSel((this).array__construct)).Apply1(_43_recursiveGen);
+              } else if ((_46_t).IsMultiArray()) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _47_c;
+                _47_c = (_46_t).MultiArrayClass();
+                r = ((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(_47_c)).AsExpr()).FSel((this).array__construct)).Apply1(_43_recursiveGen);
+              } else {
+                (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Finalize New Array with a pointer or object type to something that is not an array or a multi array: "), (_42_tpe)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)));
+                r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr((this.error).dtor_value);
+              }
+            } else {
+              (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Finalize New Array with a type that is not a pointer or an object: "), (_42_tpe)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)));
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr((this.error).dtor_value);
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out43;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out44;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out43, out _out44);
+            r = _out43;
+            resultingOwnership = _out44;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_DatatypeValue) {
+          DAST._IResolvedType _48_datatypeType = _source0.dtor_datatypeType;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _49_typeArgs = _source0.dtor_typeArgs;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _50_variant = _source0.dtor_variant;
+          bool _51_isCo = _source0.dtor_isCo;
+          Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression>> _52_values = _source0.dtor_contents;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _out45;
+            _out45 = (this).GenPathExpr((_48_datatypeType).dtor_path, true);
+            r = _out45;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _53_genTypeArgs;
+            _53_genTypeArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _hi5 = new BigInteger((_49_typeArgs).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _54_i = BigInteger.Zero; _54_i < _hi5; _54_i++) {
+              RAST._IType _55_typeExpr;
+              RAST._IType _out46;
+              _out46 = (this).GenType((_49_typeArgs).Select(_54_i), DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+              _55_typeExpr = _out46;
+              _53_genTypeArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat(_53_genTypeArgs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_55_typeExpr));
+            }
+            if ((new BigInteger((_49_typeArgs).Count)).Sign == 1) {
+              r = (r).ApplyType(_53_genTypeArgs);
+            }
+            r = (r).FSel(DCOMP.__default.escapeName(_50_variant));
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _56_assignments;
+            _56_assignments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _hi6 = new BigInteger((_52_values).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _57_i = BigInteger.Zero; _57_i < _hi6; _57_i++) {
+              _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DAST._IExpression> _let_tmp_rhs0 = (_52_values).Select(_57_i);
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _58_name = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
+              DAST._IExpression _59_value = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
+              if (_51_isCo) {
+                RAST._IExpr _60_recursiveGen;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _61___v170;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _62_recIdents;
+                RAST._IExpr _out47;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out48;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out49;
+                (this).GenExpr(_59_value, selfIdent, DCOMP.Environment.Empty(), DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out47, out _out48, out _out49);
+                _60_recursiveGen = _out47;
+                _61___v170 = _out48;
+                _62_recIdents = _out49;
+                readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _62_recIdents);
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _63_allReadCloned;
+                _63_allReadCloned = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+                while (!(_62_recIdents).Equals(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements())) {
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _64_next;
+                  foreach (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _assign_such_that_0 in (_62_recIdents).Elements) {
+                    _64_next = (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>)_assign_such_that_0;
+                    if ((_62_recIdents).Contains(_64_next)) {
+                      goto after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_0;
+                    }
+                  }
+                  throw new System.Exception("assign-such-that search produced no value");
+                after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_0: ;
+                  _63_allReadCloned = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_63_allReadCloned, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let ")), _64_next), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = ")), _64_next), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".clone();\n"));
+                  _62_recIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_62_recIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_64_next));
+                }
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _65_wasAssigned;
+                _65_wasAssigned = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::dafny_runtime::LazyFieldWrapper(::dafny_runtime::Lazy::new(::std::boxed::Box::new({\n"), _63_allReadCloned), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("move || (")), (_60_recursiveGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")})))"));
+                _56_assignments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_56_assignments, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_58_name), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(_65_wasAssigned))));
+              } else {
+                RAST._IExpr _66_recursiveGen;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _67___v171;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _68_recIdents;
+                RAST._IExpr _out50;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out51;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out52;
+                (this).GenExpr(_59_value, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out50, out _out51, out _out52);
+                _66_recursiveGen = _out50;
+                _67___v171 = _out51;
+                _68_recIdents = _out52;
+                _56_assignments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.Concat(_56_assignments, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromElements(RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_58_name), _66_recursiveGen)));
+                readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _68_recIdents);
+              }
+            }
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_StructBuild(r, _56_assignments);
+            if ((this).IsRcWrapped((_48_datatypeType).dtor_attributes)) {
+              r = RAST.__default.RcNew(r);
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out53;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out54;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out53, out _out54);
+            r = _out53;
+            resultingOwnership = _out54;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Convert) {
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _out55;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out56;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out57;
+            (this).GenExprConvert(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out55, out _out56, out _out57);
+            r = _out55;
+            resultingOwnership = _out56;
+            readIdents = _out57;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SeqConstruct) {
+          DAST._IExpression _69_length = _source0.dtor_length;
+          DAST._IExpression _70_expr = _source0.dtor_elem;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _71_recursiveGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _72___v175;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _73_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out58;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out59;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out60;
+            (this).GenExpr(_70_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out58, out _out59, out _out60);
+            _71_recursiveGen = _out58;
+            _72___v175 = _out59;
+            _73_recIdents = _out60;
+            RAST._IExpr _74_lengthGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _75___v176;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _76_lengthIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out61;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out62;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out63;
+            (this).GenExpr(_69_length, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out61, out _out62, out _out63);
+            _74_lengthGen = _out61;
+            _75___v176 = _out62;
+            _76_lengthIdents = _out63;
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{\nlet _initializer = "), (_71_recursiveGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";\n::dafny_runtime::integer_range(::dafny_runtime::Zero::zero(), ")), (_74_lengthGen)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").map(|i| _initializer(&i)).collect::<::dafny_runtime::Sequence<_>>()\n}")));
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_73_recIdents, _76_lengthIdents);
+            RAST._IExpr _out64;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out65;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out64, out _out65);
+            r = _out64;
+            resultingOwnership = _out65;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SeqValue) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _77_exprs = _source0.dtor_elements;
+          DAST._IType _78_typ = _source0.dtor_typ;
+          {
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            RAST._IType _79_genTpe;
+            RAST._IType _out66;
+            _out66 = (this).GenType(_78_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _79_genTpe = _out66;
+            BigInteger _80_i;
+            _80_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _81_args;
+            _81_args = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+            while ((_80_i) < (new BigInteger((_77_exprs).Count))) {
+              RAST._IExpr _82_recursiveGen;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _83___v177;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _84_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out67;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out68;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out69;
+              (this).GenExpr((_77_exprs).Select(_80_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out67, out _out68, out _out69);
+              _82_recursiveGen = _out67;
+              _83___v177 = _out68;
+              _84_recIdents = _out69;
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _84_recIdents);
+              _81_args = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_81_args, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_82_recursiveGen));
+              _80_i = (_80_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+            }
+            r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("seq!"))).AsExpr()).Apply(_81_args);
+            if ((new BigInteger((_81_args).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_TypeAscription(r, (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Sequence"))).AsType()).Apply1(_79_genTpe));
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out70;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out71;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out70, out _out71);
+            r = _out70;
+            resultingOwnership = _out71;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SetValue) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _85_exprs = _source0.dtor_elements;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _86_generatedValues;
+            _86_generatedValues = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _87_i;
+            _87_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+            while ((_87_i) < (new BigInteger((_85_exprs).Count))) {
+              RAST._IExpr _88_recursiveGen;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _89___v178;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _90_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out72;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out73;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out74;
+              (this).GenExpr((_85_exprs).Select(_87_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out72, out _out73, out _out74);
+              _88_recursiveGen = _out72;
+              _89___v178 = _out73;
+              _90_recIdents = _out74;
+              _86_generatedValues = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_86_generatedValues, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_88_recursiveGen));
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _90_recIdents);
+              _87_i = (_87_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+            }
+            r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("set!"))).AsExpr()).Apply(_86_generatedValues);
+            RAST._IExpr _out75;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out76;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out75, out _out76);
+            r = _out75;
+            resultingOwnership = _out76;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_MultisetValue) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _91_exprs = _source0.dtor_elements;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _92_generatedValues;
+            _92_generatedValues = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _93_i;
+            _93_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+            while ((_93_i) < (new BigInteger((_91_exprs).Count))) {
+              RAST._IExpr _94_recursiveGen;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _95___v179;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _96_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out77;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out78;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out79;
+              (this).GenExpr((_91_exprs).Select(_93_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out77, out _out78, out _out79);
+              _94_recursiveGen = _out77;
+              _95___v179 = _out78;
+              _96_recIdents = _out79;
+              _92_generatedValues = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_92_generatedValues, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_94_recursiveGen));
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _96_recIdents);
+              _93_i = (_93_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+            }
+            r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("multiset!"))).AsExpr()).Apply(_92_generatedValues);
+            RAST._IExpr _out80;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out81;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out80, out _out81);
+            r = _out80;
+            resultingOwnership = _out81;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ToMultiset) {
+          DAST._IExpression _97_expr = _source0.dtor_ToMultiset_a0;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _98_recursiveGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _99___v180;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _100_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out82;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out83;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out84;
+            (this).GenExpr(_97_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out82, out _out83, out _out84);
+            _98_recursiveGen = _out82;
+            _99___v180 = _out83;
+            _100_recIdents = _out84;
+            r = ((_98_recursiveGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("as_dafny_multiset"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            readIdents = _100_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out85;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out86;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out85, out _out86);
+            r = _out85;
+            resultingOwnership = _out86;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_MapValue) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IExpression, DAST._IExpression>> _101_mapElems = _source0.dtor_mapElems;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IExpr, RAST._IExpr>> _102_generatedValues;
+            _102_generatedValues = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IExpr, RAST._IExpr>>.FromElements();
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _103_i;
+            _103_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+            while ((_103_i) < (new BigInteger((_101_mapElems).Count))) {
+              RAST._IExpr _104_recursiveGenKey;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _105___v181;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _106_recIdentsKey;
+              RAST._IExpr _out87;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out88;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out89;
+              (this).GenExpr(((_101_mapElems).Select(_103_i)).dtor__0, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out87, out _out88, out _out89);
+              _104_recursiveGenKey = _out87;
+              _105___v181 = _out88;
+              _106_recIdentsKey = _out89;
+              RAST._IExpr _107_recursiveGenValue;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _108___v182;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _109_recIdentsValue;
+              RAST._IExpr _out90;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out91;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out92;
+              (this).GenExpr(((_101_mapElems).Select(_103_i)).dtor__1, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out90, out _out91, out _out92);
+              _107_recursiveGenValue = _out90;
+              _108___v182 = _out91;
+              _109_recIdentsValue = _out92;
+              _102_generatedValues = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IExpr, RAST._IExpr>>.Concat(_102_generatedValues, Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<RAST._IExpr, RAST._IExpr>>.FromElements(_System.Tuple2<RAST._IExpr, RAST._IExpr>.create(_104_recursiveGenKey, _107_recursiveGenValue)));
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _106_recIdentsKey), _109_recIdentsValue);
+              _103_i = (_103_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+            }
+            _103_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _110_arguments;
+            _110_arguments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+            while ((_103_i) < (new BigInteger((_102_generatedValues).Count))) {
+              RAST._IExpr _111_genKey;
+              _111_genKey = ((_102_generatedValues).Select(_103_i)).dtor__0;
+              RAST._IExpr _112_genValue;
+              _112_genValue = ((_102_generatedValues).Select(_103_i)).dtor__1;
+              _110_arguments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_110_arguments, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=>"), _111_genKey, _112_genValue, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat())));
+              _103_i = (_103_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+            }
+            r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("map!"))).AsExpr()).Apply(_110_arguments);
+            RAST._IExpr _out93;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out94;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out93, out _out94);
+            r = _out93;
+            resultingOwnership = _out94;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SeqUpdate) {
+          DAST._IExpression _113_expr = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          DAST._IExpression _114_index = _source0.dtor_indexExpr;
+          DAST._IExpression _115_value = _source0.dtor_value;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _116_exprR;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _117___v183;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _118_exprIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out95;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out96;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out97;
+            (this).GenExpr(_113_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out95, out _out96, out _out97);
+            _116_exprR = _out95;
+            _117___v183 = _out96;
+            _118_exprIdents = _out97;
+            RAST._IExpr _119_indexR;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _120_indexOwnership;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _121_indexIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out98;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out99;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out100;
+            (this).GenExpr(_114_index, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out98, out _out99, out _out100);
+            _119_indexR = _out98;
+            _120_indexOwnership = _out99;
+            _121_indexIdents = _out100;
+            RAST._IExpr _122_valueR;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _123_valueOwnership;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _124_valueIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out101;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out102;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out103;
+            (this).GenExpr(_115_value, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out101, out _out102, out _out103);
+            _122_valueR = _out101;
+            _123_valueOwnership = _out102;
+            _124_valueIdents = _out103;
+            r = ((_116_exprR).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("update_index"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_119_indexR, _122_valueR));
+            RAST._IExpr _out104;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out105;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out104, out _out105);
+            r = _out104;
+            resultingOwnership = _out105;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_118_exprIdents, _121_indexIdents), _124_valueIdents);
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_MapUpdate) {
+          DAST._IExpression _125_expr = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          DAST._IExpression _126_index = _source0.dtor_indexExpr;
+          DAST._IExpression _127_value = _source0.dtor_value;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _128_exprR;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _129___v184;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _130_exprIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out106;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out107;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out108;
+            (this).GenExpr(_125_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out106, out _out107, out _out108);
+            _128_exprR = _out106;
+            _129___v184 = _out107;
+            _130_exprIdents = _out108;
+            RAST._IExpr _131_indexR;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _132_indexOwnership;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _133_indexIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out109;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out110;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out111;
+            (this).GenExpr(_126_index, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out109, out _out110, out _out111);
+            _131_indexR = _out109;
+            _132_indexOwnership = _out110;
+            _133_indexIdents = _out111;
+            RAST._IExpr _134_valueR;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _135_valueOwnership;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _136_valueIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out112;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out113;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out114;
+            (this).GenExpr(_127_value, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out112, out _out113, out _out114);
+            _134_valueR = _out112;
+            _135_valueOwnership = _out113;
+            _136_valueIdents = _out114;
+            r = ((_128_exprR).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("update_index"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_131_indexR, _134_valueR));
+            RAST._IExpr _out115;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out116;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out115, out _out116);
+            r = _out115;
+            resultingOwnership = _out116;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_130_exprIdents, _133_indexIdents), _136_valueIdents);
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_This) {
+          {
+            DCOMP._ISelfInfo _source1 = selfIdent;
+            {
+              if (_source1.is_ThisTyped) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _137_id = _source1.dtor_rSelfName;
+                DAST._IType _138_dafnyType = _source1.dtor_dafnyType;
+                {
+                  RAST._IExpr _out117;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out118;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out119;
+                  (this).GenIdent(_137_id, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out117, out _out118, out _out119);
+                  r = _out117;
+                  resultingOwnership = _out118;
+                  readIdents = _out119;
+                }
+                goto after_match1;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              DCOMP._ISelfInfo _139_None = _source1;
+              {
+                r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("panic!(\"this outside of a method\")"));
+                RAST._IExpr _out120;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out121;
+                (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out120, out _out121);
+                r = _out120;
+                resultingOwnership = _out121;
+                readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+              }
+            }
+          after_match1: ;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Ite) {
+          DAST._IExpression _140_cond = _source0.dtor_cond;
+          DAST._IExpression _141_t = _source0.dtor_thn;
+          DAST._IExpression _142_f = _source0.dtor_els;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _143_cond;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _144___v185;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _145_recIdentsCond;
+            RAST._IExpr _out122;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out123;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out124;
+            (this).GenExpr(_140_cond, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out122, out _out123, out _out124);
+            _143_cond = _out122;
+            _144___v185 = _out123;
+            _145_recIdentsCond = _out124;
+            RAST._IExpr _146_fExpr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _147_fOwned;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _148_recIdentsF;
+            RAST._IExpr _out125;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out126;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out127;
+            (this).GenExpr(_142_f, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out125, out _out126, out _out127);
+            _146_fExpr = _out125;
+            _147_fOwned = _out126;
+            _148_recIdentsF = _out127;
+            RAST._IExpr _149_tExpr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _150___v186;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _151_recIdentsT;
+            RAST._IExpr _out128;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out129;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out130;
+            (this).GenExpr(_141_t, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out128, out _out129, out _out130);
+            _149_tExpr = _out128;
+            _150___v186 = _out129;
+            _151_recIdentsT = _out130;
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_IfExpr(_143_cond, _149_tExpr, _146_fExpr);
+            RAST._IExpr _out131;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out132;
+            (this).FromOwnership(r, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), expectedOwnership, out _out131, out _out132);
+            r = _out131;
+            resultingOwnership = _out132;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_145_recIdentsCond, _151_recIdentsT), _148_recIdentsF);
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UnOp) {
+          DAST._IUnaryOp unOp0 = _source0.dtor_unOp;
+          if (unOp0.is_Not) {
+            DAST._IExpression _152_e = _source0.dtor_expr;
+            DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat _153_format = _source0.dtor_format1;
+            {
+              RAST._IExpr _154_recursiveGen;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _155___v187;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _156_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out133;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out134;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out135;
+              (this).GenExpr(_152_e, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out133, out _out134, out _out135);
+              _154_recursiveGen = _out133;
+              _155___v187 = _out134;
+              _156_recIdents = _out135;
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"), _154_recursiveGen, _153_format);
+              RAST._IExpr _out136;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out137;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out136, out _out137);
+              r = _out136;
+              resultingOwnership = _out137;
+              readIdents = _156_recIdents;
+              return ;
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UnOp) {
+          DAST._IUnaryOp unOp1 = _source0.dtor_unOp;
+          if (unOp1.is_BitwiseNot) {
+            DAST._IExpression _157_e = _source0.dtor_expr;
+            DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat _158_format = _source0.dtor_format1;
+            {
+              RAST._IExpr _159_recursiveGen;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _160___v188;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _161_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out138;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out139;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out140;
+              (this).GenExpr(_157_e, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out138, out _out139, out _out140);
+              _159_recursiveGen = _out138;
+              _160___v188 = _out139;
+              _161_recIdents = _out140;
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("~"), _159_recursiveGen, _158_format);
+              RAST._IExpr _out141;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out142;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out141, out _out142);
+              r = _out141;
+              resultingOwnership = _out142;
+              readIdents = _161_recIdents;
+              return ;
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UnOp) {
+          DAST._IUnaryOp unOp2 = _source0.dtor_unOp;
+          if (unOp2.is_Cardinality) {
+            DAST._IExpression _162_e = _source0.dtor_expr;
+            DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat _163_format = _source0.dtor_format1;
+            {
+              RAST._IExpr _164_recursiveGen;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _165_recOwned;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _166_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out143;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out144;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out145;
+              (this).GenExpr(_162_e, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out143, out _out144, out _out145);
+              _164_recursiveGen = _out143;
+              _165_recOwned = _out144;
+              _166_recIdents = _out145;
+              r = ((_164_recursiveGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("cardinality"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+              RAST._IExpr _out146;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out147;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out146, out _out147);
+              r = _out146;
+              resultingOwnership = _out147;
+              readIdents = _166_recIdents;
+              return ;
+            }
+            goto after_match0;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_BinOp) {
+          RAST._IExpr _out148;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _out149;
+          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out150;
+          (this).GenExprBinary(e, selfIdent, env, expectedOwnership, out _out148, out _out149, out _out150);
+          r = _out148;
+          resultingOwnership = _out149;
+          readIdents = _out150;
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ArrayLen) {
+          DAST._IExpression _167_expr = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          DAST._IType _168_exprType = _source0.dtor_exprType;
+          BigInteger _169_dim = _source0.dtor_dim;
+          bool _170_native = _source0.dtor_native;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _171_recursiveGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _172___v193;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _173_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out151;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out152;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out153;
+            (this).GenExpr(_167_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out151, out _out152, out _out153);
+            _171_recursiveGen = _out151;
+            _172___v193 = _out152;
+            _173_recIdents = _out153;
+            RAST._IType _174_arrayType;
+            RAST._IType _out154;
+            _out154 = (this).GenType(_168_exprType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _174_arrayType = _out154;
+            if (!((_174_arrayType).IsObjectOrPointer())) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _175_msg;
+              _175_msg = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Array length of something not an array but "), (_174_arrayType)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND));
+              (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(_175_msg);
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(_175_msg);
+            } else {
+              RAST._IType _176_underlying;
+              _176_underlying = (_174_arrayType).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+              if (((_169_dim).Sign == 0) && ((_176_underlying).is_Array)) {
+                r = ((((this).read__macro).Apply1(_171_recursiveGen)).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("len"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+              } else {
+                if ((_169_dim).Sign == 0) {
+                  r = (((((this).read__macro).Apply1(_171_recursiveGen)).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("data"))).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("len"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+                } else {
+                  r = ((((this).read__macro).Apply1(_171_recursiveGen)).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("length"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_169_dim)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_usize")))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+                }
+              }
+              if (!(_170_native)) {
+                r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("int!"))).AsExpr()).Apply1(r);
+              }
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out155;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out156;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out155, out _out156);
+            r = _out155;
+            resultingOwnership = _out156;
+            readIdents = _173_recIdents;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_MapKeys) {
+          DAST._IExpression _177_expr = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _178_recursiveGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _179___v194;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _180_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out157;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out158;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out159;
+            (this).GenExpr(_177_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out157, out _out158, out _out159);
+            _178_recursiveGen = _out157;
+            _179___v194 = _out158;
+            _180_recIdents = _out159;
+            readIdents = _180_recIdents;
+            r = ((_178_recursiveGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("keys"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            RAST._IExpr _out160;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out161;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out160, out _out161);
+            r = _out160;
+            resultingOwnership = _out161;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_MapValues) {
+          DAST._IExpression _181_expr = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _182_recursiveGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _183___v195;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _184_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out162;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out163;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out164;
+            (this).GenExpr(_181_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out162, out _out163, out _out164);
+            _182_recursiveGen = _out162;
+            _183___v195 = _out163;
+            _184_recIdents = _out164;
+            readIdents = _184_recIdents;
+            r = ((_182_recursiveGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("values"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            RAST._IExpr _out165;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out166;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out165, out _out166);
+            r = _out165;
+            resultingOwnership = _out166;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_MapItems) {
+          DAST._IExpression _185_expr = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _186_recursiveGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _187___v196;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _188_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out167;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out168;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out169;
+            (this).GenExpr(_185_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out167, out _out168, out _out169);
+            _186_recursiveGen = _out167;
+            _187___v196 = _out168;
+            _188_recIdents = _out169;
+            readIdents = _188_recIdents;
+            r = ((_186_recursiveGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("items"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            RAST._IExpr _out170;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out171;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out170, out _out171);
+            r = _out170;
+            resultingOwnership = _out171;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SelectFn) {
+          DAST._IExpression _189_on = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _190_field = _source0.dtor_field;
+          bool _191_isDatatype = _source0.dtor_onDatatype;
+          bool _192_isStatic = _source0.dtor_isStatic;
+          bool _193_isConstant = _source0.dtor_isConstant;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _194_arguments = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _195_onExpr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _196_onOwned;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _197_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out172;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out173;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out174;
+            (this).GenExpr(_189_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out172, out _out173, out _out174);
+            _195_onExpr = _out172;
+            _196_onOwned = _out173;
+            _197_recIdents = _out174;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _199_onString;
+            _199_onString = (_195_onExpr)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND);
+            if (_192_isStatic) {
+              DCOMP._IEnvironment _200_lEnv;
+              _200_lEnv = env;
+              Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>> _201_args;
+              _201_args = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>>.FromElements();
+              _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("|");
+              BigInteger _hi7 = new BigInteger((_194_arguments).Count);
+              for (BigInteger _202_i = BigInteger.Zero; _202_i < _hi7; _202_i++) {
+                if ((_202_i).Sign == 1) {
+                  _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
+                }
+                RAST._IType _203_ty;
+                RAST._IType _out175;
+                _out175 = (this).GenType((_194_arguments).Select(_202_i), DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                _203_ty = _out175;
+                RAST._IType _204_bTy;
+                _204_bTy = RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_203_ty);
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _205_name;
+                _205_name = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("x"), Std.Strings.__default.OfInt(_202_i));
+                _200_lEnv = (_200_lEnv).AddAssigned(_205_name, _204_bTy);
+                _201_args = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>>.Concat(_201_args, Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>>.FromElements(_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.create(_205_name, _203_ty)));
+                _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, _205_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), (_204_bTy)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND));
+              }
+              _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("| ")), _199_onString), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_190_field)), ((_193_isConstant) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("));
+              BigInteger _hi8 = new BigInteger((_201_args).Count);
+              for (BigInteger _206_i = BigInteger.Zero; _206_i < _hi8; _206_i++) {
+                if ((_206_i).Sign == 1) {
+                  _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
+                }
+                _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType> _let_tmp_rhs1 = (_201_args).Select(_206_i);
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _207_name = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__0;
+                RAST._IType _208_ty = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__1;
+                RAST._IExpr _209_rIdent;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _210___v197;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _211___v198;
+                RAST._IExpr _out176;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out177;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out178;
+                (this).GenIdent(_207_name, selfIdent, _200_lEnv, (((_208_ty).CanReadWithoutClone()) ? (DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned()) : (DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed())), out _out176, out _out177, out _out178);
+                _209_rIdent = _out176;
+                _210___v197 = _out177;
+                _211___v198 = _out178;
+                _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, (_209_rIdent)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND));
+              }
+              _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
+            } else {
+              _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{\n");
+              _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let callTarget = (")), _199_onString), ((object.Equals(_196_onOwned, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned())) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(").clone()")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";\n"));
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _212_args;
+              _212_args = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+              BigInteger _213_i;
+              _213_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+              while ((_213_i) < (new BigInteger((_194_arguments).Count))) {
+                if ((_213_i).Sign == 1) {
+                  _212_args = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_212_args, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
+                }
+                _212_args = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_212_args, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("arg")), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_213_i));
+                _213_i = (_213_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+              }
+              _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("move |")), _212_args), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("| {\n"));
+              _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("callTarget.")), DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_190_field)), ((_193_isConstant) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), _212_args), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")\n"));
+              _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}\n"));
+              _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_198_s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+            }
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _214_typeShape;
+            _214_typeShape = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("dyn ::std::ops::Fn(");
+            BigInteger _215_i;
+            _215_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+            while ((_215_i) < (new BigInteger((_194_arguments).Count))) {
+              if ((_215_i).Sign == 1) {
+                _214_typeShape = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_214_typeShape, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "));
+              }
+              _214_typeShape = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_214_typeShape, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&_"));
+              _215_i = (_215_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+            }
+            _214_typeShape = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_214_typeShape, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") -> _"));
+            _198_s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::rc::Rc::new("), _198_s), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") as ::std::rc::Rc<")), _214_typeShape), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(_198_s);
+            RAST._IExpr _out179;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out180;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out179, out _out180);
+            r = _out179;
+            resultingOwnership = _out180;
+            readIdents = _197_recIdents;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Select) {
+          DAST._IExpression _216_on = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _217_field = _source0.dtor_field;
+          bool _218_isConstant = _source0.dtor_isConstant;
+          bool _219_isDatatype = _source0.dtor_onDatatype;
+          DAST._IType _220_fieldType = _source0.dtor_fieldType;
+          {
+            if (((_216_on).is_Companion) || ((_216_on).is_ExternCompanion)) {
+              RAST._IExpr _221_onExpr;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _222_onOwned;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _223_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out181;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out182;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out183;
+              (this).GenExpr(_216_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out181, out _out182, out _out183);
+              _221_onExpr = _out181;
+              _222_onOwned = _out182;
+              _223_recIdents = _out183;
+              r = ((_221_onExpr).FSel(DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_217_field))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+              RAST._IExpr _out184;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out185;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out184, out _out185);
+              r = _out184;
+              resultingOwnership = _out185;
+              readIdents = _223_recIdents;
+              return ;
+            } else if (_219_isDatatype) {
+              RAST._IExpr _224_onExpr;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _225_onOwned;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _226_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out186;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out187;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out188;
+              (this).GenExpr(_216_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out186, out _out187, out _out188);
+              _224_onExpr = _out186;
+              _225_onOwned = _out187;
+              _226_recIdents = _out188;
+              r = ((_224_onExpr).Sel(DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_217_field))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+              RAST._IType _227_typ;
+              RAST._IType _out189;
+              _out189 = (this).GenType(_220_fieldType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+              _227_typ = _out189;
+              RAST._IExpr _out190;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out191;
+              (this).FromOwnership(r, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), expectedOwnership, out _out190, out _out191);
+              r = _out190;
+              resultingOwnership = _out191;
+              readIdents = _226_recIdents;
+            } else {
+              RAST._IExpr _228_onExpr;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _229_onOwned;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _230_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out192;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out193;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out194;
+              (this).GenExpr(_216_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out192, out _out193, out _out194);
+              _228_onExpr = _out192;
+              _229_onOwned = _out193;
+              _230_recIdents = _out194;
+              r = _228_onExpr;
+              if (!object.Equals(_228_onExpr, RAST.__default.self)) {
+                RAST._IExpr _source2 = _228_onExpr;
+                {
+                  if (_source2.is_UnaryOp) {
+                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op10 = _source2.dtor_op1;
+                    if (object.Equals(op10, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"))) {
+                      RAST._IExpr underlying0 = _source2.dtor_underlying;
+                      if (underlying0.is_Identifier) {
+                        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name0 = underlying0.dtor_name;
+                        if (object.Equals(name0, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this"))) {
+                          r = RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this"));
+                          goto after_match2;
+                        }
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+                {
+                }
+              after_match2: ;
+                if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+                  r = ((this).read__macro).Apply1(r);
+                } else {
+                  r = (r).Clone();
+                  r = ((this).modify__macro).Apply1(r);
+                }
+              }
+              r = (r).Sel(DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_217_field));
+              if (_218_isConstant) {
+                r = (r).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+              }
+              r = (r).Clone();
+              RAST._IExpr _out195;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out196;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out195, out _out196);
+              r = _out195;
+              resultingOwnership = _out196;
+              readIdents = _230_recIdents;
+            }
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Index) {
+          DAST._IExpression _231_on = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          DAST._ICollKind _232_collKind = _source0.dtor_collKind;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _233_indices = _source0.dtor_indices;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _234_onExpr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _235_onOwned;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _236_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out197;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out198;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out199;
+            (this).GenExpr(_231_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out197, out _out198, out _out199);
+            _234_onExpr = _out197;
+            _235_onOwned = _out198;
+            _236_recIdents = _out199;
+            readIdents = _236_recIdents;
+            r = _234_onExpr;
+            bool _237_hadArray;
+            _237_hadArray = false;
+            if (object.Equals(_232_collKind, DAST.CollKind.create_Array())) {
+              r = ((this).read__macro).Apply1(r);
+              _237_hadArray = true;
+              if ((new BigInteger((_233_indices).Count)) > (BigInteger.One)) {
+                r = (r).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("data"));
+              }
+            }
+            BigInteger _hi9 = new BigInteger((_233_indices).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _238_i = BigInteger.Zero; _238_i < _hi9; _238_i++) {
+              if (object.Equals(_232_collKind, DAST.CollKind.create_Array())) {
+                RAST._IExpr _239_idx;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _240_idxOwned;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _241_recIdentsIdx;
+                RAST._IExpr _out200;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out201;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out202;
+                (this).GenExpr((_233_indices).Select(_238_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out200, out _out201, out _out202);
+                _239_idx = _out200;
+                _240_idxOwned = _out201;
+                _241_recIdentsIdx = _out202;
+                _239_idx = RAST.__default.IntoUsize(_239_idx);
+                r = RAST.Expr.create_SelectIndex(r, _239_idx);
+                readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _241_recIdentsIdx);
+              } else {
+                RAST._IExpr _242_idx;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _243_idxOwned;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _244_recIdentsIdx;
+                RAST._IExpr _out203;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out204;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out205;
+                (this).GenExpr((_233_indices).Select(_238_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out203, out _out204, out _out205);
+                _242_idx = _out203;
+                _243_idxOwned = _out204;
+                _244_recIdentsIdx = _out205;
+                r = ((r).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("get"))).Apply1(_242_idx);
+                readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _244_recIdentsIdx);
+              }
+            }
+            if (_237_hadArray) {
+              r = (r).Clone();
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out206;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out207;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out206, out _out207);
+            r = _out206;
+            resultingOwnership = _out207;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_IndexRange) {
+          DAST._IExpression _245_on = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          bool _246_isArray = _source0.dtor_isArray;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _247_low = _source0.dtor_low;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _248_high = _source0.dtor_high;
+          {
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _249_onExpectedOwnership;
+            if (_246_isArray) {
+              if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+                _249_onExpectedOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned();
+              } else {
+                _249_onExpectedOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+              }
+            } else {
+              _249_onExpectedOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed();
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _250_onExpr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _251_onOwned;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _252_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out208;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out209;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out210;
+            (this).GenExpr(_245_on, selfIdent, env, _249_onExpectedOwnership, out _out208, out _out209, out _out210);
+            _250_onExpr = _out208;
+            _251_onOwned = _out209;
+            _252_recIdents = _out210;
+            readIdents = _252_recIdents;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _253_methodName;
+            if ((_247_low).is_Some) {
+              if ((_248_high).is_Some) {
+                _253_methodName = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("slice");
+              } else {
+                _253_methodName = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("drop");
+              }
+            } else if ((_248_high).is_Some) {
+              _253_methodName = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("take");
+            } else {
+              _253_methodName = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+            }
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _254_arguments;
+            _254_arguments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _source3 = _247_low;
+            {
+              if (_source3.is_Some) {
+                DAST._IExpression _255_l = _source3.dtor_value;
+                {
+                  RAST._IExpr _256_lExpr;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _257___v201;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _258_recIdentsL;
+                  RAST._IExpr _out211;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out212;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out213;
+                  (this).GenExpr(_255_l, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out211, out _out212, out _out213);
+                  _256_lExpr = _out211;
+                  _257___v201 = _out212;
+                  _258_recIdentsL = _out213;
+                  _254_arguments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_254_arguments, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_256_lExpr));
+                  readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _258_recIdentsL);
+                }
+                goto after_match3;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+            }
+          after_match3: ;
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IExpression> _source4 = _248_high;
+            {
+              if (_source4.is_Some) {
+                DAST._IExpression _259_h = _source4.dtor_value;
+                {
+                  RAST._IExpr _260_hExpr;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _261___v202;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _262_recIdentsH;
+                  RAST._IExpr _out214;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out215;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out216;
+                  (this).GenExpr(_259_h, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out214, out _out215, out _out216);
+                  _260_hExpr = _out214;
+                  _261___v202 = _out215;
+                  _262_recIdentsH = _out216;
+                  _254_arguments = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_254_arguments, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_260_hExpr));
+                  readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _262_recIdentsH);
+                }
+                goto after_match4;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+            }
+          after_match4: ;
+            r = _250_onExpr;
+            if (_246_isArray) {
+              if (!(_253_methodName).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) {
+                _253_methodName = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_"), _253_methodName);
+              }
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _263_object__suffix;
+              if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+                _263_object__suffix = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+              } else {
+                _263_object__suffix = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_object");
+              }
+              r = ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime__Sequence).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("from_array"), _253_methodName), _263_object__suffix))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_250_onExpr), _254_arguments));
+            } else {
+              if (!(_253_methodName).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) {
+                r = ((r).Sel(_253_methodName)).Apply(_254_arguments);
+              } else {
+                r = (r).Clone();
+              }
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out217;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out218;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out217, out _out218);
+            r = _out217;
+            resultingOwnership = _out218;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TupleSelect) {
+          DAST._IExpression _264_on = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          BigInteger _265_idx = _source0.dtor_index;
+          DAST._IType _266_fieldType = _source0.dtor_fieldType;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _267_onExpr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _268_onOwnership;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _269_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out219;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out220;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out221;
+            (this).GenExpr(_264_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out219, out _out220, out _out221);
+            _267_onExpr = _out219;
+            _268_onOwnership = _out220;
+            _269_recIdents = _out221;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _270_selName;
+            _270_selName = Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_265_idx);
+            DAST._IType _source5 = _266_fieldType;
+            {
+              if (_source5.is_Tuple) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _271_tps = _source5.dtor_Tuple_a0;
+                if (((_266_fieldType).is_Tuple) && ((new BigInteger((_271_tps).Count)) > (RAST.__default.MAX__TUPLE__SIZE))) {
+                  _270_selName = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_"), _270_selName);
+                }
+                goto after_match5;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+            }
+          after_match5: ;
+            r = ((_267_onExpr).Sel(_270_selName)).Clone();
+            RAST._IExpr _out222;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out223;
+            (this).FromOwnership(r, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), expectedOwnership, out _out222, out _out223);
+            r = _out222;
+            resultingOwnership = _out223;
+            readIdents = _269_recIdents;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Call) {
+          DAST._IExpression _272_on = _source0.dtor_on;
+          DAST._ICallName _273_name = _source0.dtor_callName;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _274_typeArgs = _source0.dtor_typeArgs;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _275_args = _source0.dtor_args;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _276_argExprs;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _277_recIdents;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _278_typeExprs;
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> _279_fullNameQualifier;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _out224;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out225;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _out226;
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> _out227;
+            (this).GenArgs(selfIdent, _273_name, _274_typeArgs, _275_args, env, out _out224, out _out225, out _out226, out _out227);
+            _276_argExprs = _out224;
+            _277_recIdents = _out225;
+            _278_typeExprs = _out226;
+            _279_fullNameQualifier = _out227;
+            readIdents = _277_recIdents;
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IResolvedType> _source6 = _279_fullNameQualifier;
+            {
+              if (_source6.is_Some) {
+                DAST._IResolvedType value0 = _source6.dtor_value;
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _280_path = value0.dtor_path;
+                Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IType> _281_onTypeArgs = value0.dtor_typeArgs;
+                DAST._IResolvedTypeBase _282_base = value0.dtor_kind;
+                RAST._IExpr _283_fullPath;
+                RAST._IExpr _out228;
+                _out228 = (this).GenPathExpr(_280_path, true);
+                _283_fullPath = _out228;
+                Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _284_onTypeExprs;
+                Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _out229;
+                _out229 = (this).GenTypeArgs(_281_onTypeArgs, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                _284_onTypeExprs = _out229;
+                RAST._IExpr _285_onExpr = RAST.Expr.Default();
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _286_recOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.Default();
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _287_recIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty;
+                if (((_282_base).is_Trait) || ((_282_base).is_Class)) {
+                  RAST._IExpr _out230;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out231;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out232;
+                  (this).GenExpr(_272_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out230, out _out231, out _out232);
+                  _285_onExpr = _out230;
+                  _286_recOwnership = _out231;
+                  _287_recIdents = _out232;
+                  if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+                    _285_onExpr = ((this).read__macro).Apply1(_285_onExpr);
+                  } else {
+                    _285_onExpr = ((this).modify__macro).Apply1(_285_onExpr);
+                  }
+                  readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _287_recIdents);
+                } else {
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _288_expectedOnOwnership;
+                  if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+                    _288_expectedOnOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed();
+                  } else {
+                    _288_expectedOnOwnership = DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowedMut();
+                  }
+                  RAST._IExpr _out233;
+                  DCOMP._IOwnership _out234;
+                  Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out235;
+                  (this).GenExpr(_272_on, selfIdent, env, _288_expectedOnOwnership, out _out233, out _out234, out _out235);
+                  _285_onExpr = _out233;
+                  _286_recOwnership = _out234;
+                  _287_recIdents = _out235;
+                  readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _287_recIdents);
+                }
+                r = ((((_283_fullPath).ApplyType(_284_onTypeExprs)).FSel(DCOMP.__default.escapeName((_273_name).dtor_name))).ApplyType(_278_typeExprs)).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_285_onExpr), _276_argExprs));
+                RAST._IExpr _out236;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out237;
+                (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out236, out _out237);
+                r = _out236;
+                resultingOwnership = _out237;
+                goto after_match6;
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              RAST._IExpr _289_onExpr;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _290___v208;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _291_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out238;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out239;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out240;
+              (this).GenExpr(_272_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipAutoBorrowed(), out _out238, out _out239, out _out240);
+              _289_onExpr = _out238;
+              _290___v208 = _out239;
+              _291_recIdents = _out240;
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _291_recIdents);
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _292_renderedName;
+              _292_renderedName = (this).GetMethodName(_272_on, _273_name);
+              DAST._IExpression _source7 = _272_on;
+              {
+                bool disjunctiveMatch0 = false;
+                if (_source7.is_Companion) {
+                  disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+                }
+                if (_source7.is_ExternCompanion) {
+                  disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+                }
+                if (disjunctiveMatch0) {
+                  {
+                    _289_onExpr = (_289_onExpr).FSel(_292_renderedName);
+                  }
+                  goto after_match7;
+                }
+              }
+              {
+                {
+                  if (!object.Equals(_289_onExpr, RAST.__default.self)) {
+                    DAST._ICallName _source8 = _273_name;
+                    {
+                      if (_source8.is_CallName) {
+                        Std.Wrappers._IOption<DAST._IType> onType0 = _source8.dtor_onType;
+                        if (onType0.is_Some) {
+                          DAST._IType _293_tpe = onType0.dtor_value;
+                          RAST._IType _294_typ;
+                          RAST._IType _out241;
+                          _out241 = (this).GenType(_293_tpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+                          _294_typ = _out241;
+                          if ((_294_typ).IsObjectOrPointer()) {
+                            if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+                              _289_onExpr = ((this).read__macro).Apply1(_289_onExpr);
+                            } else {
+                              _289_onExpr = ((this).modify__macro).Apply1(_289_onExpr);
+                            }
+                          }
+                          goto after_match8;
+                        }
+                      }
+                    }
+                    {
+                    }
+                  after_match8: ;
+                  }
+                  _289_onExpr = (_289_onExpr).Sel(_292_renderedName);
+                }
+              }
+            after_match7: ;
+              r = ((_289_onExpr).ApplyType(_278_typeExprs)).Apply(_276_argExprs);
+              RAST._IExpr _out242;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out243;
+              (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out242, out _out243);
+              r = _out242;
+              resultingOwnership = _out243;
+              return ;
+            }
+          after_match6: ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Lambda) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _295_paramsDafny = _source0.dtor_params;
+          DAST._IType _296_retType = _source0.dtor_retType;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IStatement> _297_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _298_params;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _out244;
+            _out244 = (this).GenParams(_295_paramsDafny, true);
+            _298_params = _out244;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _299_paramNames;
+            _299_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> _300_paramTypesMap;
+            _300_paramTypesMap = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _hi10 = new BigInteger((_298_params).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _301_i = BigInteger.Zero; _301_i < _hi10; _301_i++) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _302_name;
+              _302_name = ((_298_params).Select(_301_i)).dtor_name;
+              _299_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_299_paramNames, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_302_name));
+              _300_paramTypesMap = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Update(_300_paramTypesMap, _302_name, ((_298_params).Select(_301_i)).dtor_tpe);
+            }
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _303_subEnv;
+            _303_subEnv = ((env).ToOwned()).merge(DCOMP.Environment.create(_299_paramNames, _300_paramTypesMap));
+            RAST._IExpr _304_recursiveGen;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _305_recIdents;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _306___v218;
+            RAST._IExpr _out245;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out246;
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _out247;
+            (this).GenStmts(_297_body, ((!object.Equals(selfIdent, DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf())) ? (DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_ThisTyped(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_this"), (selfIdent).dtor_dafnyType)) : (DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf())), _303_subEnv, true, Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>.create_None(), out _out245, out _out246, out _out247);
+            _304_recursiveGen = _out245;
+            _305_recIdents = _out246;
+            _306___v218 = _out247;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            _305_recIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_305_recIdents, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_307_paramNames) => ((System.Func<Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>)(() => {
+              var _coll0 = new System.Collections.Generic.List<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>();
+              foreach (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _compr_0 in (_307_paramNames).CloneAsArray()) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _308_name = (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>)_compr_0;
+                if ((_307_paramNames).Contains(_308_name)) {
+                  _coll0.Add(_308_name);
+                }
+              }
+              return Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromCollection(_coll0);
+            }))())(_299_paramNames));
+            RAST._IExpr _309_allReadCloned;
+            _309_allReadCloned = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+            while (!(_305_recIdents).Equals(Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements())) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _310_next;
+              foreach (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _assign_such_that_1 in (_305_recIdents).Elements) {
+                _310_next = (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>)_assign_such_that_1;
+                if ((_305_recIdents).Contains(_310_next)) {
+                  goto after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_1;
+                }
+              }
+              throw new System.Exception("assign-such-that search produced no value");
+            after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_1: ;
+              if ((!object.Equals(selfIdent, DCOMP.SelfInfo.create_NoSelf())) && ((_310_next).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_this")))) {
+                RAST._IExpr _311_selfCloned;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _312___v219;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _313___v220;
+                RAST._IExpr _out248;
+                DCOMP._IOwnership _out249;
+                Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out250;
+                (this).GenIdent(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"), selfIdent, DCOMP.Environment.Empty(), DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out248, out _out249, out _out250);
+                _311_selfCloned = _out248;
+                _312___v219 = _out249;
+                _313___v220 = _out250;
+                _309_allReadCloned = (_309_allReadCloned).Then(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_this"), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_311_selfCloned)));
+              } else if (!((_299_paramNames).Contains(_310_next))) {
+                RAST._IExpr _314_copy;
+                _314_copy = (RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(_310_next)).Clone();
+                _309_allReadCloned = (_309_allReadCloned).Then(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT(), _310_next, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None(), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_314_copy)));
+                readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_310_next));
+              }
+              _305_recIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_305_recIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_310_next));
+            }
+            RAST._IType _315_retTypeGen;
+            RAST._IType _out251;
+            _out251 = (this).GenType(_296_retType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _315_retTypeGen = _out251;
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_Block((_309_allReadCloned).Then(RAST.__default.RcNew(RAST.Expr.create_Lambda(_298_params, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(_315_retTypeGen), RAST.Expr.create_Block(_304_recursiveGen)))));
+            RAST._IExpr _out252;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out253;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out252, out _out253);
+            r = _out252;
+            resultingOwnership = _out253;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_BetaRedex) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>> _316_values = _source0.dtor_values;
+          DAST._IType _317_retType = _source0.dtor_retType;
+          DAST._IExpression _318_expr = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _319_paramNames;
+            _319_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _320_paramFormals;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _out254;
+            _out254 = (this).GenParams(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>, DAST._IFormal>(((System.Func<_System._ITuple2<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IExpression>, DAST._IFormal>)((_321_value) => {
+              return (_321_value).dtor__0;
+            })), _316_values), false);
+            _320_paramFormals = _out254;
+            Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IType> _322_paramTypes;
+            _322_paramTypes = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.FromElements();
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _323_paramNamesSet;
+            _323_paramNamesSet = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _hi11 = new BigInteger((_316_values).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _324_i = BigInteger.Zero; _324_i < _hi11; _324_i++) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _325_name;
+              _325_name = (((_316_values).Select(_324_i)).dtor__0).dtor_name;
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _326_rName;
+              _326_rName = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_325_name);
+              _319_paramNames = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_319_paramNames, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_326_rName));
+              _322_paramTypes = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IType>.Update(_322_paramTypes, _326_rName, ((_320_paramFormals).Select(_324_i)).dtor_tpe);
+              _323_paramNamesSet = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_323_paramNamesSet, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_326_rName));
+            }
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+            BigInteger _hi12 = new BigInteger((_316_values).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _327_i = BigInteger.Zero; _327_i < _hi12; _327_i++) {
+              RAST._IType _328_typeGen;
+              RAST._IType _out255;
+              _out255 = (this).GenType((((_316_values).Select(_327_i)).dtor__0).dtor_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+              _328_typeGen = _out255;
+              RAST._IExpr _329_valueGen;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _330___v221;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _331_recIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out256;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out257;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out258;
+              (this).GenExpr(((_316_values).Select(_327_i)).dtor__1, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out256, out _out257, out _out258);
+              _329_valueGen = _out256;
+              _330___v221 = _out257;
+              _331_recIdents = _out258;
+              r = (r).Then(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_CONST(), DCOMP.__default.escapeVar((((_316_values).Select(_327_i)).dtor__0).dtor_name), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(_328_typeGen), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_329_valueGen)));
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _331_recIdents);
+            }
+            DCOMP._IEnvironment _332_newEnv;
+            _332_newEnv = DCOMP.Environment.create(_319_paramNames, _322_paramTypes);
+            RAST._IExpr _333_recGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _334_recOwned;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _335_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out259;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out260;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out261;
+            (this).GenExpr(_318_expr, selfIdent, _332_newEnv, expectedOwnership, out _out259, out _out260, out _out261);
+            _333_recGen = _out259;
+            _334_recOwned = _out260;
+            _335_recIdents = _out261;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_335_recIdents, _323_paramNamesSet);
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_Block((r).Then(_333_recGen));
+            RAST._IExpr _out262;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out263;
+            (this).FromOwnership(r, _334_recOwned, expectedOwnership, out _out262, out _out263);
+            r = _out262;
+            resultingOwnership = _out263;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_IIFE) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _336_name = _source0.dtor_ident;
+          DAST._IType _337_tpe = _source0.dtor_typ;
+          DAST._IExpression _338_value = _source0.dtor_value;
+          DAST._IExpression _339_iifeBody = _source0.dtor_iifeBody;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _340_valueGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _341___v222;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _342_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out264;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out265;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out266;
+            (this).GenExpr(_338_value, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out264, out _out265, out _out266);
+            _340_valueGen = _out264;
+            _341___v222 = _out265;
+            _342_recIdents = _out266;
+            readIdents = _342_recIdents;
+            RAST._IType _343_valueTypeGen;
+            RAST._IType _out267;
+            _out267 = (this).GenType(_337_tpe, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _343_valueTypeGen = _out267;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _344_iifeVar;
+            _344_iifeVar = DCOMP.__default.escapeVar(_336_name);
+            RAST._IExpr _345_bodyGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _346___v223;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _347_bodyIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out268;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out269;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out270;
+            (this).GenExpr(_339_iifeBody, selfIdent, (env).AddAssigned(_344_iifeVar, _343_valueTypeGen), DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out268, out _out269, out _out270);
+            _345_bodyGen = _out268;
+            _346___v223 = _out269;
+            _347_bodyIdents = _out270;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Difference(_347_bodyIdents, Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_344_iifeVar)));
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_Block((RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(RAST.DeclareType.create_CONST(), _344_iifeVar, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(_343_valueTypeGen), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_340_valueGen))).Then(_345_bodyGen));
+            RAST._IExpr _out271;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out272;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out271, out _out272);
+            r = _out271;
+            resultingOwnership = _out272;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Apply) {
+          DAST._IExpression _348_func = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IExpression> _349_args = _source0.dtor_args;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _350_funcExpr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _351___v224;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _352_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out273;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out274;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out275;
+            (this).GenExpr(_348_func, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out273, out _out274, out _out275);
+            _350_funcExpr = _out273;
+            _351___v224 = _out274;
+            _352_recIdents = _out275;
+            readIdents = _352_recIdents;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _353_rArgs;
+            _353_rArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _hi13 = new BigInteger((_349_args).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _354_i = BigInteger.Zero; _354_i < _hi13; _354_i++) {
+              RAST._IExpr _355_argExpr;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _356_argOwned;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _357_argIdents;
+              RAST._IExpr _out276;
+              DCOMP._IOwnership _out277;
+              Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out278;
+              (this).GenExpr((_349_args).Select(_354_i), selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out276, out _out277, out _out278);
+              _355_argExpr = _out276;
+              _356_argOwned = _out277;
+              _357_argIdents = _out278;
+              _353_rArgs = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.Concat(_353_rArgs, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_355_argExpr));
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(readIdents, _357_argIdents);
+            }
+            r = (_350_funcExpr).Apply(_353_rArgs);
+            RAST._IExpr _out279;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out280;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out279, out _out280);
+            r = _out279;
+            resultingOwnership = _out280;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeTest) {
+          DAST._IExpression _358_on = _source0.dtor_on;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _359_dType = _source0.dtor_dType;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _360_variant = _source0.dtor_variant;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _361_exprGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _362___v225;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _363_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out281;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out282;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out283;
+            (this).GenExpr(_358_on, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out281, out _out282, out _out283);
+            _361_exprGen = _out281;
+            _362___v225 = _out282;
+            _363_recIdents = _out283;
+            RAST._IType _364_dTypePath;
+            RAST._IType _out284;
+            _out284 = (this).GenPathType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(_359_dType, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(_360_variant)));
+            _364_dTypePath = _out284;
+            r = (RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("matches!"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(((_361_exprGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("as_ref"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()), RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_364_dTypePath)._ToString(DCOMP.__default.IND), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{ .. }")))));
+            RAST._IExpr _out285;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out286;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out285, out _out286);
+            r = _out285;
+            resultingOwnership = _out286;
+            readIdents = _363_recIdents;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Is) {
+          DAST._IExpression _365_expr = _source0.dtor_expr;
+          DAST._IType _366_fromType = _source0.dtor_fromType;
+          DAST._IType _367_toType = _source0.dtor_toType;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _368_expr;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _369_recOwned;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _370_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out287;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out288;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out289;
+            (this).GenExpr(_365_expr, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out287, out _out288, out _out289);
+            _368_expr = _out287;
+            _369_recOwned = _out288;
+            _370_recIdents = _out289;
+            RAST._IType _371_fromType;
+            RAST._IType _out290;
+            _out290 = (this).GenType(_366_fromType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _371_fromType = _out290;
+            RAST._IType _372_toType;
+            RAST._IType _out291;
+            _out291 = (this).GenType(_367_toType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _372_toType = _out291;
+            if (((_371_fromType).IsObjectOrPointer()) && ((_372_toType).IsObjectOrPointer())) {
+              r = (((_368_expr).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("is_instance_of"))).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements((_372_toType).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying()))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            } else {
+              (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Source and/or target types of type test is/are not Object or Ptr"));
+              r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr((this.error).dtor_value);
+              readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out292;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out293;
+            (this).FromOwnership(r, _369_recOwned, expectedOwnership, out _out292, out _out293);
+            r = _out292;
+            resultingOwnership = _out293;
+            readIdents = _370_recIdents;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_BoolBoundedPool) {
+          {
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("[false, true]"));
+            RAST._IExpr _out294;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out295;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out294, out _out295);
+            r = _out294;
+            resultingOwnership = _out295;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SetBoundedPool) {
+          DAST._IExpression _373_of = _source0.dtor_of;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _374_exprGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _375___v226;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _376_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out296;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out297;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out298;
+            (this).GenExpr(_373_of, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out296, out _out297, out _out298);
+            _374_exprGen = _out296;
+            _375___v226 = _out297;
+            _376_recIdents = _out298;
+            r = ((_374_exprGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("iter"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            RAST._IExpr _out299;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out300;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out299, out _out300);
+            r = _out299;
+            resultingOwnership = _out300;
+            readIdents = _376_recIdents;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SeqBoundedPool) {
+          DAST._IExpression _377_of = _source0.dtor_of;
+          bool _378_includeDuplicates = _source0.dtor_includeDuplicates;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _379_exprGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _380___v227;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _381_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out301;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out302;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out303;
+            (this).GenExpr(_377_of, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out301, out _out302, out _out303);
+            _379_exprGen = _out301;
+            _380___v227 = _out302;
+            _381_recIdents = _out303;
+            r = ((_379_exprGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("iter"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            if (!(_378_includeDuplicates)) {
+              r = (((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("itertools"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Itertools"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("unique"))).AsExpr()).Apply1(r);
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out304;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out305;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out304, out _out305);
+            r = _out304;
+            resultingOwnership = _out305;
+            readIdents = _381_recIdents;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_MapBoundedPool) {
+          DAST._IExpression _382_of = _source0.dtor_of;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _383_exprGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _384___v228;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _385_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out306;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out307;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out308;
+            (this).GenExpr(_382_of, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipBorrowed(), out _out306, out _out307, out _out308);
+            _383_exprGen = _out306;
+            _384___v228 = _out307;
+            _385_recIdents = _out308;
+            r = ((((_383_exprGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("keys"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements())).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("iter"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            readIdents = _385_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out309;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out310;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out309, out _out310);
+            r = _out309;
+            resultingOwnership = _out310;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ExactBoundedPool) {
+          DAST._IExpression _386_of = _source0.dtor_of;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _387_exprGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _388___v229;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _389_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out311;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out312;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out313;
+            (this).GenExpr(_386_of, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out311, out _out312, out _out313);
+            _387_exprGen = _out311;
+            _388___v229 = _out312;
+            _389_recIdents = _out313;
+            r = ((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("iter"))).AsExpr()).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("once"))).Apply1(_387_exprGen);
+            readIdents = _389_recIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out314;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out315;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out314, out _out315);
+            r = _out314;
+            resultingOwnership = _out315;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_IntRange) {
+          DAST._IType _390_typ = _source0.dtor_elemType;
+          DAST._IExpression _391_lo = _source0.dtor_lo;
+          DAST._IExpression _392_hi = _source0.dtor_hi;
+          bool _393_up = _source0.dtor_up;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _394_lo;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _395___v230;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _396_recIdentsLo;
+            RAST._IExpr _out316;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out317;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out318;
+            (this).GenExpr(_391_lo, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out316, out _out317, out _out318);
+            _394_lo = _out316;
+            _395___v230 = _out317;
+            _396_recIdentsLo = _out318;
+            RAST._IExpr _397_hi;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _398___v231;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _399_recIdentsHi;
+            RAST._IExpr _out319;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out320;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out321;
+            (this).GenExpr(_392_hi, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out319, out _out320, out _out321);
+            _397_hi = _out319;
+            _398___v231 = _out320;
+            _399_recIdentsHi = _out321;
+            if (_393_up) {
+              r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("integer_range"))).AsExpr()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_394_lo, _397_hi));
+            } else {
+              r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("integer_range_down"))).AsExpr()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_397_hi, _394_lo));
+            }
+            if (!((_390_typ).is_Primitive)) {
+              RAST._IType _400_tpe;
+              RAST._IType _out322;
+              _out322 = (this).GenType(_390_typ, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+              _400_tpe = _out322;
+              r = ((r).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("map"))).Apply1((((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("convert"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Into"))).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_400_tpe))).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("into")));
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out323;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out324;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out323, out _out324);
+            r = _out323;
+            resultingOwnership = _out324;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_396_recIdentsLo, _399_recIdentsHi);
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UnboundedIntRange) {
+          DAST._IExpression _401_start = _source0.dtor_start;
+          bool _402_up = _source0.dtor_up;
+          {
+            RAST._IExpr _403_start;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _404___v232;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _405_recIdentStart;
+            RAST._IExpr _out325;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out326;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out327;
+            (this).GenExpr(_401_start, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out325, out _out326, out _out327);
+            _403_start = _out325;
+            _404___v232 = _out326;
+            _405_recIdentStart = _out327;
+            if (_402_up) {
+              r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("integer_range_unbounded"))).AsExpr()).Apply1(_403_start);
+            } else {
+              r = (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("integer_range_down_unbounded"))).AsExpr()).Apply1(_403_start);
+            }
+            RAST._IExpr _out328;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out329;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out328, out _out329);
+            r = _out328;
+            resultingOwnership = _out329;
+            readIdents = _405_recIdentStart;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_MapBuilder) {
+          DAST._IType _406_keyType = _source0.dtor_keyType;
+          DAST._IType _407_valueType = _source0.dtor_valueType;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _408_kType;
+            RAST._IType _out330;
+            _out330 = (this).GenType(_406_keyType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _408_kType = _out330;
+            RAST._IType _409_vType;
+            RAST._IType _out331;
+            _out331 = (this).GenType(_407_valueType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _409_vType = _out331;
+            r = (((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("MapBuilder"))).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_408_kType, _409_vType))).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("new"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            RAST._IExpr _out332;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out333;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out332, out _out333);
+            r = _out332;
+            resultingOwnership = _out333;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SetBuilder) {
+          DAST._IType _410_elemType = _source0.dtor_elemType;
+          {
+            RAST._IType _411_eType;
+            RAST._IType _out334;
+            _out334 = (this).GenType(_410_elemType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+            _411_eType = _out334;
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+            r = (((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("SetBuilder"))).AsExpr()).ApplyType(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(_411_eType))).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("new"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+            RAST._IExpr _out335;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out336;
+            (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out335, out _out336);
+            r = _out335;
+            resultingOwnership = _out336;
+            return ;
+          }
+          goto after_match0;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        DAST._IType _412_elemType = _source0.dtor_elemType;
+        DAST._IExpression _413_collection = _source0.dtor_collection;
+        bool _414_is__forall = _source0.dtor_is__forall;
+        DAST._IExpression _415_lambda = _source0.dtor_lambda;
+        {
+          RAST._IType _416_tpe;
+          RAST._IType _out337;
+          _out337 = (this).GenType(_412_elemType, DCOMP.GenTypeContext.@default());
+          _416_tpe = _out337;
+          RAST._IExpr _417_collectionGen;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _418___v233;
+          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _419_recIdents;
+          RAST._IExpr _out338;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _out339;
+          Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out340;
+          (this).GenExpr(_413_collection, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out338, out _out339, out _out340);
+          _417_collectionGen = _out338;
+          _418___v233 = _out339;
+          _419_recIdents = _out340;
+          Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute> _420_extraAttributes;
+          _420_extraAttributes = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.FromElements();
+          if (((((_413_collection).is_IntRange) || ((_413_collection).is_UnboundedIntRange)) || ((_413_collection).is_SeqBoundedPool)) || ((_413_collection).is_ExactBoundedPool)) {
+            _420_extraAttributes = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.FromElements(DCOMP.__default.AttributeOwned);
+          }
+          if ((_415_lambda).is_Lambda) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _421_formals;
+            _421_formals = (_415_lambda).dtor_params;
+            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _422_newFormals;
+            _422_newFormals = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.FromElements();
+            BigInteger _hi14 = new BigInteger((_421_formals).Count);
+            for (BigInteger _423_i = BigInteger.Zero; _423_i < _hi14; _423_i++) {
+              var _pat_let_tv0 = _420_extraAttributes;
+              var _pat_let_tv1 = _421_formals;
+              _422_newFormals = Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.Concat(_422_newFormals, Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IFormal>.FromElements(Dafny.Helpers.Let<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IFormal>((_421_formals).Select(_423_i), _pat_let28_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<DAST._IFormal, DAST._IFormal>(_pat_let28_0, _424_dt__update__tmp_h0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute>, DAST._IFormal>(Dafny.Sequence<DAST._IAttribute>.Concat(_pat_let_tv0, ((_pat_let_tv1).Select(_423_i)).dtor_attributes), _pat_let29_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IAttribute>, DAST._IFormal>(_pat_let29_0, _425_dt__update_hattributes_h0 => DAST.Formal.create((_424_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_name, (_424_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_typ, _425_dt__update_hattributes_h0)))))));
+            }
+            DAST._IExpression _426_newLambda;
+            DAST._IExpression _427_dt__update__tmp_h1 = _415_lambda;
+            Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IFormal> _428_dt__update_hparams_h0 = _422_newFormals;
+            _426_newLambda = DAST.Expression.create_Lambda(_428_dt__update_hparams_h0, (_427_dt__update__tmp_h1).dtor_retType, (_427_dt__update__tmp_h1).dtor_body);
+            RAST._IExpr _429_lambdaGen;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _430___v234;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _431_recLambdaIdents;
+            RAST._IExpr _out341;
+            DCOMP._IOwnership _out342;
+            Dafny.ISet<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _out343;
+            (this).GenExpr(_426_newLambda, selfIdent, env, DCOMP.Ownership.create_OwnershipOwned(), out _out341, out _out342, out _out343);
+            _429_lambdaGen = _out341;
+            _430___v234 = _out342;
+            _431_recLambdaIdents = _out343;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _432_fn;
+            if (_414_is__forall) {
+              _432_fn = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("all");
+            } else {
+              _432_fn = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("any");
+            }
+            r = ((_417_collectionGen).Sel(_432_fn)).Apply1(((_429_lambdaGen).Sel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("as_ref"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements()));
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(_419_recIdents, _431_recLambdaIdents);
+          } else {
+            (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Quantifier without an inline lambda"));
+            r = RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr((this.error).dtor_value);
+            readIdents = Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+          }
+          RAST._IExpr _out344;
+          DCOMP._IOwnership _out345;
+          (this).FromOwned(r, expectedOwnership, out _out344, out _out345);
+          r = _out344;
+          resultingOwnership = _out345;
+        }
+      }
+    after_match0: ;
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Compile(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModule> p, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> externalFiles)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#![allow(warnings, unconditional_panic)]\n");
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#![allow(nonstandard_style)]\n"));
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _0_externUseDecls;
+      _0_externUseDecls = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements();
+      BigInteger _hi0 = new BigInteger((externalFiles).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _1_i = BigInteger.Zero; _1_i < _hi0; _1_i++) {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2_externalFile;
+        _2_externalFile = (externalFiles).Select(_1_i);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_externalMod;
+        _3_externalMod = _2_externalFile;
+        if (((new BigInteger((_2_externalFile).Count)) > (new BigInteger(3))) && (((_2_externalFile).Drop((new BigInteger((_2_externalFile).Count)) - (new BigInteger(3)))).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".rs")))) {
+          _3_externalMod = (_2_externalFile).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, (new BigInteger((_2_externalFile).Count)) - (new BigInteger(3)));
+        } else {
+          (this).error = Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Unrecognized external file "), _2_externalFile), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(". External file must be *.rs files")));
+        }
+        RAST._IMod _4_externMod;
+        _4_externMod = RAST.Mod.create_ExternMod(_3_externalMod);
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, (_4_externMod)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"));
+        _0_externUseDecls = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(_0_externUseDecls, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(RAST.ModDecl.create_UseDecl(RAST.Use.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), ((RAST.__default.crate).MSel(_3_externalMod)).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*"))))));
+      }
+      if (!(_0_externUseDecls).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements())) {
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, (RAST.Mod.create_Mod(DCOMP.COMP.DAFNY__EXTERN__MODULE, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), _0_externUseDecls))._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"));
+      }
+      DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _5_allModules;
+      _5_allModules = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Empty();
+      BigInteger _hi1 = new BigInteger((p).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _6_i = BigInteger.Zero; _6_i < _hi1; _6_i++) {
+        DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _7_m;
+        DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _out0;
+        _out0 = (this).GenModule((p).Select(_6_i), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements());
+        _7_m = _out0;
+        _5_allModules = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.MergeSeqMap(_5_allModules, _7_m);
+      }
+      BigInteger _hi2 = new BigInteger(((_5_allModules).dtor_keys).Count);
+      for (BigInteger _8_i = BigInteger.Zero; _8_i < _hi2; _8_i++) {
+        if (!((_5_allModules).dtor_values).Contains(((_5_allModules).dtor_keys).Select(_8_i))) {
+          goto continue_0;
+        }
+        RAST._IMod _9_m;
+        _9_m = (Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Select((_5_allModules).dtor_values,((_5_allModules).dtor_keys).Select(_8_i))).ToRust();
+        BigInteger _hi3 = new BigInteger((this.optimizations).Count);
+        for (BigInteger _10_j = BigInteger.Zero; _10_j < _hi3; _10_j++) {
+          _9_m = Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<RAST._IMod, RAST._IMod>>((this.optimizations).Select(_10_j))(_9_m);
+        }
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"));
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, (_9_m)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")));
+      continue_0: ;
+      }
+    after_0: ;
+      return s;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> EmitCallToMain(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> fullName)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\nfn main() {\n");
+      BigInteger _0_i;
+      _0_i = BigInteger.Zero;
+      while ((_0_i) < (new BigInteger((fullName).Count))) {
+        if ((_0_i).Sign == 1) {
+          s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::"));
+        }
+        s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, DCOMP.__default.escapeName((fullName).Select(_0_i)));
+        _0_i = (_0_i) + (BigInteger.One);
+      }
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(s, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("();\n}"));
+      return s;
+    }
+    public DCOMP._ICharType _charType {get; set;}
+    public DCOMP._ICharType charType { get {
+      return this._charType;
+    } }
+    public DCOMP._IPointerType _pointerType {get; set;}
+    public DCOMP._IPointerType pointerType { get {
+      return this._pointerType;
+    } }
+    public DCOMP._IRootType _rootType {get; set;}
+    public DCOMP._IRootType rootType { get {
+      return this._rootType;
+    } }
+    public RAST._IPath thisFile { get {
+      if (((this).rootType).is_RootCrate) {
+        return RAST.__default.crate;
+      } else {
+        return (RAST.__default.crate).MSel(((this).rootType).dtor_moduleName);
+      }
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DafnyChar { get {
+      if (((this).charType).is_UTF32) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyChar");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyCharUTF16");
+      }
+    } }
+    public RAST._IType DafnyCharUnderlying { get {
+      if (((this).charType).is_UTF32) {
+        return RAST.__default.RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("char"));
+      } else {
+        return RAST.__default.RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u16"));
+      }
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> string__of { get {
+      if (((this).charType).is_UTF32) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("string_of");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("string_utf16_of");
+      }
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> allocate { get {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("allocate");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("allocate_object");
+      }
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> allocate__fn { get {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_"), (this).allocate);
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> update__field__uninit__macro { get {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("update_field_uninit!");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("update_field_uninit_object!");
+      }
+    } }
+    public RAST._IExpr thisInConstructor { get {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this"));
+      } else {
+        return (RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("this"))).Clone();
+      }
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> array__construct { get {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("construct");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("construct_object");
+      }
+    } }
+    public RAST._IExpr modify__macro { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(((((this).pointerType).is_Raw) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("modify!")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("md!"))))).AsExpr();
+    } }
+    public RAST._IExpr read__macro { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(((((this).pointerType).is_Raw) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("read!")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("rd!"))))).AsExpr();
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> placebos__usize { get {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("placebos_usize");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("placebos_usize_object");
+      }
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> update__field__if__uninit__macro { get {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("update_field_if_uninit!");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("update_field_if_uninit_object!");
+      }
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Upcast { get {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Upcast");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("UpcastObject");
+      }
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> UpcastFnMacro { get {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((this).Upcast, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Fn!"));
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> upcast { get {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("upcast");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("upcast_object");
+      }
+    } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> downcast { get {
+      if (((this).pointerType).is_Raw) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("cast!");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("cast_object!");
+      }
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.IMap<DAST._IBinOp,Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> OpTable { get {
+      return Dafny.Map<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_Mod(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("%")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_And(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&&")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_Or(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("||")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_Div(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_Lt(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_LtChar(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_Plus(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("+")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_Minus(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("-")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_Times(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_BitwiseAnd(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_BitwiseOr(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("|")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_BitwiseXor(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("^")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_BitwiseShiftRight(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">>")), new Dafny.Pair<DAST._IBinOp, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(DAST.BinOp.create_BitwiseShiftLeft(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<<")));
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> TailRecursionPrefix { get {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_r");
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DAFNY__EXTERN__MODULE { get {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_dafny_externs");
+    } }
+  }
+} // end of namespace DCOMP
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DafnyCompilerRustUtils.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DafnyCompilerRustUtils.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..126e270a319
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/DafnyCompilerRustUtils.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace DafnyCompilerRustUtils {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> DafnyNameToContainingPathAndName(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> n, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> acc)
+    {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_s = (n);
+      if ((new BigInteger((_0_s).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        if ((new BigInteger((acc).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+          return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+        } else {
+          return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create((acc).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, (new BigInteger((acc).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)), ((acc).Select((new BigInteger((acc).Count)) - (BigInteger.One))));
+        }
+      } else if (((_0_s).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) != (new Dafny.Rune('.'))) {
+        if ((new BigInteger((acc).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in0 = (_0_s).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _in1 = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements((_0_s).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, BigInteger.One));
+          n = _in0;
+          acc = _in1;
+          goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+        } else {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in2 = (_0_s).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _in3 = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat((acc).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, (new BigInteger((acc).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((((acc).Select((new BigInteger((acc).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((_0_s).Select(BigInteger.Zero)))));
+          n = _in2;
+          acc = _in3;
+          goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+        }
+      } else if ((new BigInteger((acc).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in4 = (_0_s).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _in5 = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements();
+        n = _in4;
+        acc = _in5;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in6 = (_0_s).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _in7 = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat(acc, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")));
+        n = _in6;
+        acc = _in7;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public partial class ModWithBody {
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod>(RAST.Mod.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static bool _Is(RAST._IMod __source) {
+      RAST._IMod _1_x = __source;
+      return (_1_x).is_Mod;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public partial class ExternMod {
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod>(RAST.Mod.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static bool _Is(RAST._IMod __source) {
+      RAST._IMod _2_x = __source;
+      return (_2_x).is_ExternMod;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ISeqMap<K, V> {
+    bool is_SeqMap { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<K> dtor_keys { get; }
+    Dafny.IMap<K,V> dtor_values { get; }
+    _ISeqMap<__K, __V> DowncastClone<__K, __V>(Func<K, __K> converter0, Func<V, __V> converter1);
+  }
+  public class SeqMap<K, V> : _ISeqMap<K, V> {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<K> _keys;
+    public readonly Dafny.IMap<K,V> _values;
+    public SeqMap(Dafny.ISequence<K> keys, Dafny.IMap<K,V> values) {
+      this._keys = keys;
+      this._values = values;
+    }
+    public _ISeqMap<__K, __V> DowncastClone<__K, __V>(Func<K, __K> converter0, Func<V, __V> converter1) {
+      if (this is _ISeqMap<__K, __V> dt) { return dt; }
+      return new SeqMap<__K, __V>((_keys).DowncastClone<__K>(Dafny.Helpers.CastConverter<K, __K>), (_values).DowncastClone<__K, __V>(Dafny.Helpers.CastConverter<K, __K>, Dafny.Helpers.CastConverter<V, __V>));
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<K, V>;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._keys, oth._keys) && object.Equals(this._values, oth._values);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._keys));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._values));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap.SeqMap";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._keys);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._values);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    public static DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<K, V> Default() {
+      return create(Dafny.Sequence<K>.Empty, Dafny.Map<K, V>.Empty);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<K, V>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<K, V>>(DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<K, V>.Default());
+    }
+    public static _ISeqMap<K, V> create(Dafny.ISequence<K> keys, Dafny.IMap<K,V> values) {
+      return new SeqMap<K, V>(keys, values);
+    }
+    public static _ISeqMap<K, V> create_SeqMap(Dafny.ISequence<K> keys, Dafny.IMap<K,V> values) {
+      return create(keys, values);
+    }
+    public bool is_SeqMap { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<K> dtor_keys {
+      get {
+        return this._keys;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.IMap<K,V> dtor_values {
+      get {
+        return this._values;
+      }
+    }
+    public static DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<K, V> Empty() {
+      return DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<K, V>.create(Dafny.Sequence<K>.FromElements(), Dafny.Map<K, V>.FromElements());
+    }
+    public static DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<K, V> Single(K key, V @value)
+    {
+      return DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<K, V>.create(Dafny.Sequence<K>.FromElements(key), Dafny.Map<K, V>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<K, V>(key, @value)));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IGatheringModule {
+    bool is_GatheringModule { get; }
+    bool is_ExternMod { get; }
+    RAST._IMod dtor_existingMod { get; }
+    DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> dtor_submodules { get; }
+    RAST._IMod dtor_m { get; }
+    _IGatheringModule DowncastClone();
+    DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule Merge(DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule m2);
+    RAST._IMod ToRust();
+  }
+  public abstract class GatheringModule : _IGatheringModule {
+    public GatheringModule() {
+    }
+    private static readonly DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule theDefault = create_GatheringModule(RAST.Mod.Default(), DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Default());
+    public static DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>(DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IGatheringModule create_GatheringModule(RAST._IMod existingMod, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> submodules) {
+      return new GatheringModule_GatheringModule(existingMod, submodules);
+    }
+    public static _IGatheringModule create_ExternMod(RAST._IMod m) {
+      return new GatheringModule_ExternMod(m);
+    }
+    public bool is_GatheringModule { get { return this is GatheringModule_GatheringModule; } }
+    public bool is_ExternMod { get { return this is GatheringModule_ExternMod; } }
+    public RAST._IMod dtor_existingMod {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((GatheringModule_GatheringModule)d)._existingMod;
+      }
+    }
+    public DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> dtor_submodules {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((GatheringModule_GatheringModule)d)._submodules;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IMod dtor_m {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((GatheringModule_ExternMod)d)._m;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IGatheringModule DowncastClone();
+    public static DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> MergeSeqMap(DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> m1, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> m2)
+    {
+      return DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat((m1).dtor_keys, Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Filter<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>, Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>>((_0_m1) => ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>)((_1_k) => {
+  return !((_0_m1).dtor_keys).Contains(_1_k);
+})))(m1), (m2).dtor_keys)), Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>>>((_2_m1, _3_m2) => ((System.Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>>)(() => {
+  var _coll0 = new System.Collections.Generic.List<Dafny.Pair<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>>();
+  foreach (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _compr_0 in (Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(((_2_m1).dtor_values).Keys, ((_3_m2).dtor_values).Keys)).Elements) {
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _4_k = (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>)_compr_0;
+    if ((Dafny.Set<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Union(((_2_m1).dtor_values).Keys, ((_3_m2).dtor_values).Keys)).Contains(_4_k)) {
+      _coll0.Add(new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>(_4_k, ((((_2_m1).dtor_values).Contains(_4_k)) ? (((((_3_m2).dtor_values).Contains(_4_k)) ? ((Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Select((_2_m1).dtor_values,_4_k)).Merge(Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Select((_3_m2).dtor_values,_4_k))) : (Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Select((_2_m1).dtor_values,_4_k)))) : (Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Select((_3_m2).dtor_values,_4_k)))));
+    }
+  }
+  return Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.FromCollection(_coll0);
+}))())(m1, m2));
+    }
+    public static DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> MergeSeqMapAll(DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> m1, Dafny.ISequence<DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>> m2s)
+    {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((m2s).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return m1;
+      } else {
+        DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _in0 = DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.MergeSeqMap(m1, (m2s).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+        Dafny.ISequence<DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>> _in1 = (m2s).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        m1 = _in0;
+        m2s = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule Merge(DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule m2) {
+      if (!((this).is_GatheringModule)) {
+        return m2;
+      } else if (!((m2).is_GatheringModule)) {
+        return this;
+      } else {
+        return DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.create_GatheringModule(RAST.Mod.create_Mod(((this).dtor_existingMod).dtor_name, ((this).dtor_existingMod).dtor_attributes, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(((this).dtor_existingMod).dtor_body, ((m2).dtor_existingMod).dtor_body)), DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.MergeSeqMap((this).dtor_submodules, (m2).dtor_submodules));
+      }
+    }
+    public static DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> Wrap(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> containingPath, RAST._IMod rawDecl)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((containingPath).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_name = (rawDecl).dtor_name;
+        if ((rawDecl).is_Mod) {
+          return DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Single(_0_name, DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.create_GatheringModule(rawDecl, DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Empty()));
+        } else {
+          return DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Single(_0_name, DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.create_ExternMod(rawDecl));
+        }
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_enclosingModule = (containingPath).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+        return DafnyCompilerRustUtils.SeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Single(_1_enclosingModule, DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.create_GatheringModule(RAST.Mod.create_Mod(_1_enclosingModule, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements()), DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.Wrap((containingPath).Drop(BigInteger.One), rawDecl)));
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IMod ToRust() {
+      if ((this).is_ExternMod) {
+        return (this).dtor_m;
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _0_keysWithContent = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Filter<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>)((_1_key) => {
+          return (((this).dtor_submodules).dtor_values).Contains(_1_key);
+        })), ((this).dtor_submodules).dtor_keys);
+        RAST._IMod _2_dt__update__tmp_h0 = (this).dtor_existingMod;
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _3_dt__update_hbody_h0 = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(((this).dtor_existingMod).dtor_body, ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl>>) (() => {
+          BigInteger dim13 = new BigInteger((_0_keysWithContent).Count);
+          var arr13 = new RAST._IModDecl[Dafny.Helpers.ToIntChecked(dim13, "array size exceeds memory limit")];
+          for (int i13 = 0; i13 < dim13; i13++) {
+            var _4_i = (BigInteger) i13;
+            arr13[(int)(_4_i)] = Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IModDecl>((_0_keysWithContent).Select(_4_i), _pat_let23_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IModDecl>(_pat_let23_0, _5_moduleName => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IMod, RAST._IModDecl>((Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule>.Select(((this).dtor_submodules).dtor_values,_5_moduleName)).ToRust(), _pat_let24_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IMod, RAST._IModDecl>(_pat_let24_0, _6_submodule => RAST.ModDecl.create_ModDecl(_6_submodule)))));
+          }
+          return Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromArray(arr13);
+        }))());
+        return RAST.Mod.create_Mod((_2_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_name, (_2_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_attributes, _3_dt__update_hbody_h0);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class GatheringModule_GatheringModule : GatheringModule {
+    public readonly RAST._IMod _existingMod;
+    public readonly DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> _submodules;
+    public GatheringModule_GatheringModule(RAST._IMod existingMod, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._ISeqMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, DafnyCompilerRustUtils._IGatheringModule> submodules) : base() {
+      this._existingMod = existingMod;
+      this._submodules = submodules;
+    }
+    public override _IGatheringModule DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IGatheringModule dt) { return dt; }
+      return new GatheringModule_GatheringModule(_existingMod, _submodules);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule_GatheringModule;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._existingMod, oth._existingMod) && object.Equals(this._submodules, oth._submodules);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._existingMod));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._submodules));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.GatheringModule";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._existingMod);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._submodules);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class GatheringModule_ExternMod : GatheringModule {
+    public readonly RAST._IMod _m;
+    public GatheringModule_ExternMod(RAST._IMod m) : base() {
+      this._m = m;
+    }
+    public override _IGatheringModule DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IGatheringModule dt) { return dt; }
+      return new GatheringModule_ExternMod(_m);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule_ExternMod;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._m, oth._m);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._m));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "DafnyCompilerRustUtils.GatheringModule.ExternMod";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._m);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace DafnyCompilerRustUtils
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/FactorPathsOptimization.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/FactorPathsOptimization.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f84ad3e437e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/FactorPathsOptimization.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,445 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace FactorPathsOptimization {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static Func<RAST._IMod, RAST._IMod> apply(RAST._IPath thisFile) {
+      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<RAST._IPath, Func<RAST._IMod, RAST._IMod>>>((_0_thisFile) => ((System.Func<RAST._IMod, RAST._IMod>)((_1_mod) => {
+        return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.applyPrefix(_1_mod, (_0_thisFile).MSel((_1_mod).dtor_name));
+      })))(thisFile);
+    }
+    public static RAST._IMod applyPrefix(RAST._IMod mod, RAST._IPath SelfPath)
+    {
+      if ((mod).is_ExternMod) {
+        return mod;
+      } else {
+        FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping _0_initialMapping = FactorPathsOptimization.Mapping.create(Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements());
+        FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping _1_mappings = (mod).Fold<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>(_0_initialMapping, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<RAST._IPath, Func<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._IModDecl, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>>>((_2_SelfPath) => ((System.Func<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._IModDecl, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>)((_3_current, _4_modDecl) => {
+          return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherModMapping(_2_SelfPath, _4_modDecl, _3_current);
+        })))(SelfPath));
+        Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> _5_pathsToRemove = (_1_mappings).ToFinalReplacement();
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _6_imports = (_1_mappings).ToUseStatements(_5_pathsToRemove, SelfPath);
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _7_rewrittenDeclarations = (mod).Fold<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl>>(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(), Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<RAST._IPath, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, RAST._IMod, Func<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl>, RAST._IModDecl, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl>>>>((_8_SelfPath, _9_pathsToRemove, _10_mod) => ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl>, RAST._IModDecl, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl>>)((_11_current, _12_modDecl) => {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(_11_current, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromElements(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceModDecl(_12_modDecl, _8_SelfPath, _9_pathsToRemove)));
+        })))(SelfPath, _5_pathsToRemove, mod));
+        RAST._IMod _13_dt__update__tmp_h0 = mod;
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _14_dt__update_hbody_h0 = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Concat(_6_imports, _7_rewrittenDeclarations);
+        return RAST.Mod.create_Mod((_13_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_name, (_13_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_attributes, _14_dt__update_hbody_h0);
+      }
+    }
+    public static __T UniqueElementOf<__T>(Dafny.ISet<__T> s) {
+      return Dafny.Helpers.Let<int, __T>(0, _let_dummy_14 =>  {
+        __T _0_e = default(__T);
+        foreach (__T _assign_such_that_0 in (s).Elements) {
+          _0_e = (__T)_assign_such_that_0;
+          if ((s).Contains(_0_e)) {
+            goto after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_0;
+          }
+        }
+        throw new System.Exception("assign-such-that search produced no value");
+      after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_0: ;
+        return _0_e;
+      }
+      );
+    }
+    public static FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping GatherTypeParams(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping current)
+    {
+      return RAST.__default.FoldLeft<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._ITypeParamDecl>(((System.Func<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._ITypeParamDecl, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>)((_0_current, _1_t) => {
+        return RAST.__default.FoldLeft<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._IType>(((System.Func<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._IType, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>)((_2_current, _3_t) => {
+          return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherTypeMapping(_3_t, _2_current);
+        })), _0_current, (_1_t).dtor_constraints);
+      })), current, typeParams);
+    }
+    public static FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping GatherFields(RAST._IFields fields, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping current)
+    {
+      RAST._IFields _source0 = fields;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_NamedFields) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IField> _0_sFields = _source0.dtor_fields;
+          return RAST.__default.FoldLeft<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._IField>(((System.Func<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._IField, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>)((_1_current, _2_f) => {
+            return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherTypeMapping(((_2_f).dtor_formal).dtor_tpe, _1_current);
+          })), current, _0_sFields);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._INamelessField> _3_sFields = _source0.dtor_types;
+        return RAST.__default.FoldLeft<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._INamelessField>(((System.Func<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._INamelessField, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>)((_4_current, _5_f) => {
+          return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherTypeMapping((_5_f).dtor_tpe, _4_current);
+        })), current, _3_sFields);
+      }
+    }
+    public static FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping GatherModMapping(RAST._IPath prefix, RAST._IModDecl modDecl, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping current)
+    {
+      RAST._IModDecl _source0 = modDecl;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ModDecl) {
+          RAST._IMod _0_mod = _source0.dtor_mod;
+          return (current).Add((_0_mod).dtor_name, prefix);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_StructDecl) {
+          RAST._IStruct _1_struct = _source0.dtor_struct;
+          return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherStructMapping(_1_struct, (current).Add((_1_struct).dtor_name, prefix));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeDecl) {
+          RAST._ITypeSynonym _2_tpe = _source0.dtor_tpe;
+          return (current).Add((_2_tpe).dtor_name, prefix);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ConstDecl) {
+          RAST._IConstant _3_c = _source0.dtor_c;
+          return (current).Add((_3_c).dtor_name, prefix);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_EnumDecl) {
+          RAST._IEnum _4_enum = _source0.dtor_enum;
+          return (current).Add((_4_enum).dtor_name, prefix);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ImplDecl) {
+          RAST._IImpl _5_impl = _source0.dtor_impl;
+          return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherImplMapping(_5_impl, current);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TraitDecl) {
+          RAST._ITrait _6_tr = _source0.dtor_tr;
+          return current;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TopFnDecl) {
+          RAST._ITopFnDecl _7_fn = _source0.dtor_fn;
+          return (current).Add(((_7_fn).dtor_fn).dtor_name, prefix);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        RAST._IUse _8_use = _source0.dtor_use;
+        return current;
+      }
+    }
+    public static FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping GatherStructMapping(RAST._IStruct @struct, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping current)
+    {
+      return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherTypeParams((@struct).dtor_typeParams, current);
+    }
+    public static FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping GatherTypeMapping(RAST._IType tpe, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping current)
+    {
+      return (tpe).Fold<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>(current, ((System.Func<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping, RAST._IType, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>)((_0_current, _1_t) => {
+        return ((System.Func<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>)(() => {
+          RAST._IType _source0 = _1_t;
+          {
+            if (_source0.is_TypeFromPath) {
+              RAST._IPath path0 = _source0.dtor_path;
+              if (path0.is_PMemberSelect) {
+                RAST._IPath _2_base = path0.dtor_base;
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_name = path0.dtor_name;
+                return (_0_current).Add(_3_name, _2_base);
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            return _0_current;
+          }
+        }))();
+      })));
+    }
+    public static FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping GatherImplMapping(RAST._IImpl impl, FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping current)
+    {
+      RAST._IImpl _source0 = impl;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ImplFor) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _0_typeParams = _source0.dtor_typeParams;
+          RAST._IType _1_tpe = _source0.dtor_tpe;
+          RAST._IType _2_forType = _source0.dtor_forType;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_where = _source0.dtor_where;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _4_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+          FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping _5_current = FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherTypeParams(_0_typeParams, current);
+          FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping _6_current = FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherTypeMapping(_1_tpe, _5_current);
+          return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherTypeMapping(_2_forType, _6_current);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _7_typeParams = _source0.dtor_typeParams;
+        RAST._IType _8_tpe = _source0.dtor_tpe;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _9_where = _source0.dtor_where;
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _10_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+        return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.GatherTypeMapping(_8_tpe, current);
+      }
+    }
+    public static RAST._IModDecl ReplaceModDecl(RAST._IModDecl modDecl, RAST._IPath SelfPath, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> replacement)
+    {
+      RAST._IModDecl _source0 = modDecl;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ModDecl) {
+          RAST._IMod _0_mod = _source0.dtor_mod;
+          return RAST.ModDecl.create_ModDecl(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.applyPrefix(_0_mod, (SelfPath).MSel((_0_mod).dtor_name)));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_StructDecl) {
+          RAST._IStruct _1_struct = _source0.dtor_struct;
+          return RAST.ModDecl.create_StructDecl(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceStruct(_1_struct, replacement));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeDecl) {
+          RAST._ITypeSynonym _2_tpe = _source0.dtor_tpe;
+          return modDecl;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ConstDecl) {
+          RAST._IConstant _3_c = _source0.dtor_c;
+          return modDecl;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_EnumDecl) {
+          RAST._IEnum _4_enum = _source0.dtor_enum;
+          return modDecl;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ImplDecl) {
+          RAST._IImpl _5_impl = _source0.dtor_impl;
+          return RAST.ModDecl.create_ImplDecl(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceImplDecl(_5_impl, replacement));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TraitDecl) {
+          RAST._ITrait _6_tr = _source0.dtor_tr;
+          return modDecl;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TopFnDecl) {
+          RAST._ITopFnDecl _7_fn = _source0.dtor_fn;
+          return modDecl;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        RAST._IUse _8_use = _source0.dtor_use;
+        return modDecl;
+      }
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType ReplaceType(RAST._IType t, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> replacement)
+    {
+      RAST._IType _source0 = t;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeFromPath) {
+          RAST._IPath path0 = _source0.dtor_path;
+          if (path0.is_PMemberSelect) {
+            RAST._IPath _0_base = path0.dtor_base;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_id = path0.dtor_name;
+            if (((replacement).Contains(_1_id)) && (object.Equals(Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IPath>.Select(replacement,_1_id), _0_base))) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_TSynonym(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(_1_id), t);
+            } else {
+              return t;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return t;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> ReplaceTypeParams(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> replacement)
+    {
+      return Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<RAST._ITypeParamDecl, RAST._ITypeParamDecl>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, Func<RAST._ITypeParamDecl, RAST._ITypeParamDecl>>>((_0_replacement) => ((System.Func<RAST._ITypeParamDecl, RAST._ITypeParamDecl>)((_1_t) => {
+        return Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._ITypeParamDecl, RAST._ITypeParamDecl>(_1_t, _pat_let15_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._ITypeParamDecl, RAST._ITypeParamDecl>(_pat_let15_0, _2_dt__update__tmp_h0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType>, RAST._ITypeParamDecl>(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>>((_3_replacement) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>)((_4_constraint) => {
+          return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceType(_4_constraint, _3_replacement);
+        })))(_0_replacement), (_1_t).dtor_constraints), _pat_let16_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType>, RAST._ITypeParamDecl>(_pat_let16_0, _5_dt__update_hconstraints_h0 => RAST.TypeParamDecl.create((_2_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_name, _5_dt__update_hconstraints_h0)))));
+      })))(replacement), typeParams);
+    }
+    public static RAST._IImpl ReplaceImplDecl(RAST._IImpl impl, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> replacement)
+    {
+      RAST._IImpl _source0 = impl;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ImplFor) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _0_typeParams = _source0.dtor_typeParams;
+          RAST._IType _1_tpe = _source0.dtor_tpe;
+          RAST._IType _2_forType = _source0.dtor_forType;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_where = _source0.dtor_where;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _4_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+          return RAST.Impl.create_ImplFor(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceTypeParams(_0_typeParams, replacement), (_1_tpe).Replace(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>>(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.typeReplacer)(replacement)), (_2_forType).Replace(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>>(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.typeReplacer)(replacement)), _3_where, _4_body);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _5_typeParams = _source0.dtor_typeParams;
+        RAST._IType _6_tpe = _source0.dtor_tpe;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _7_where = _source0.dtor_where;
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _8_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+        return RAST.Impl.create_Impl(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceTypeParams(_5_typeParams, replacement), (_6_tpe).Replace(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>>(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.typeReplacer)(replacement)), _7_where, _8_body);
+      }
+    }
+    public static RAST._IStruct ReplaceStruct(RAST._IStruct @struct, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> replacement)
+    {
+      RAST._IStruct _source0 = @struct;
+      {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _0_attributes = _source0.dtor_attributes;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _2_typeParams = _source0.dtor_typeParams;
+        RAST._IFields _3_fields = _source0.dtor_fields;
+        return RAST.Struct.create(_0_attributes, _1_name, FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceTypeParams(_2_typeParams, replacement), FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceFields(_3_fields, replacement));
+      }
+    }
+    public static RAST._IFields ReplaceFields(RAST._IFields fields, Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> replacement)
+    {
+      RAST._IFields _source0 = fields;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_NamedFields) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IField> _0_sFields = _source0.dtor_fields;
+          return RAST.Fields.create_NamedFields(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<RAST._IField, RAST._IField>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, Func<RAST._IField, RAST._IField>>>((_1_replacement) => ((System.Func<RAST._IField, RAST._IField>)((_2_f) => {
+  return Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IField, RAST._IField>(_2_f, _pat_let17_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IField, RAST._IField>(_pat_let17_0, _3_dt__update__tmp_h0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IFormal, RAST._IField>(Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IFormal, RAST._IFormal>((_2_f).dtor_formal, _pat_let19_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IFormal, RAST._IFormal>(_pat_let19_0, _4_dt__update__tmp_h1 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IType, RAST._IFormal>(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceType(((_2_f).dtor_formal).dtor_tpe, _1_replacement), _pat_let20_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IType, RAST._IFormal>(_pat_let20_0, _5_dt__update_htpe_h0 => RAST.Formal.create((_4_dt__update__tmp_h1).dtor_name, _5_dt__update_htpe_h0))))), _pat_let18_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IFormal, RAST._IField>(_pat_let18_0, _6_dt__update_hformal_h0 => RAST.Field.create((_3_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_visibility, _6_dt__update_hformal_h0)))));
+})))(replacement), _0_sFields));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._INamelessField> _7_sFields = _source0.dtor_types;
+        return RAST.Fields.create_NamelessFields(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<RAST._INamelessField, RAST._INamelessField>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, Func<RAST._INamelessField, RAST._INamelessField>>>((_8_replacement) => ((System.Func<RAST._INamelessField, RAST._INamelessField>)((_9_f) => {
+  return Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._INamelessField, RAST._INamelessField>(_9_f, _pat_let21_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._INamelessField, RAST._INamelessField>(_pat_let21_0, _10_dt__update__tmp_h2 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IType, RAST._INamelessField>(FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceType((_9_f).dtor_tpe, _8_replacement), _pat_let22_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IType, RAST._INamelessField>(_pat_let22_0, _11_dt__update_htpe_h1 => RAST.NamelessField.create((_10_dt__update__tmp_h2).dtor_visibility, _11_dt__update_htpe_h1)))));
+})))(replacement), _7_sFields));
+      }
+    }
+    public static Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>> typeReplacer { get {
+      return ((System.Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>)((_0_replacement) => {
+        return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>>((_1_replacement) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>)((_2_t) => {
+          return FactorPathsOptimization.__default.ReplaceType(_2_t, _1_replacement);
+        })))(_0_replacement);
+      }));
+    } }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IMapping {
+    bool is_Mapping { get; }
+    Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>> dtor_provenance { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_keys { get; }
+    _IMapping DowncastClone();
+    FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping Add(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> k, RAST._IPath path);
+    Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> ToFinalReplacement();
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> ToUseStatements(Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> finalReplacement, RAST._IPath SelfPath);
+  }
+  public class Mapping : _IMapping {
+    public readonly Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>> _provenance;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _keys;
+    public Mapping(Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>> provenance, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> keys) {
+      this._provenance = provenance;
+      this._keys = keys;
+    }
+    public _IMapping DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IMapping dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Mapping(_provenance, _keys);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as FactorPathsOptimization.Mapping;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._provenance, oth._provenance) && object.Equals(this._keys, oth._keys);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._provenance));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._keys));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "FactorPathsOptimization.Mapping.Mapping";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._provenance);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._keys);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping theDefault = create(Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty);
+    public static FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping>(FactorPathsOptimization.Mapping.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IMapping create(Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>> provenance, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> keys) {
+      return new Mapping(provenance, keys);
+    }
+    public static _IMapping create_Mapping(Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>> provenance, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> keys) {
+      return create(provenance, keys);
+    }
+    public bool is_Mapping { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>> dtor_provenance {
+      get {
+        return this._provenance;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_keys {
+      get {
+        return this._keys;
+      }
+    }
+    public FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping Add(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> k, RAST._IPath path)
+    {
+      if (((this).dtor_provenance).Contains(k)) {
+        FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping _0_dt__update__tmp_h0 = this;
+        Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>> _1_dt__update_hprovenance_h0 = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>>.Update((this).dtor_provenance, k, Dafny.Set<RAST._IPath>.Union(Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>>.Select((this).dtor_provenance,k), Dafny.Set<RAST._IPath>.FromElements(path)));
+        return FactorPathsOptimization.Mapping.create(_1_dt__update_hprovenance_h0, (_0_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_keys);
+      } else {
+        FactorPathsOptimization._IMapping _2_dt__update__tmp_h1 = this;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _3_dt__update_hkeys_h0 = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Concat((this).dtor_keys, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.FromElements(k));
+        Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>> _4_dt__update_hprovenance_h1 = Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>>.Update((this).dtor_provenance, k, Dafny.Set<RAST._IPath>.FromElements(path));
+        return FactorPathsOptimization.Mapping.create(_4_dt__update_hprovenance_h1, _3_dt__update_hkeys_h0);
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> ToFinalReplacement() {
+      return ((System.Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>>)(() => {
+        var _coll0 = new System.Collections.Generic.List<Dafny.Pair<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>>();
+        foreach (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _compr_0 in ((this).dtor_provenance).Keys.Elements) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_identifier = (Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>)_compr_0;
+          if (((this).dtor_provenance).Contains(_0_identifier)) {
+            foreach (Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath> _compr_1 in Dafny.Helpers.SingleValue<Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>>(Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>>.Select((this).dtor_provenance,_0_identifier))) {
+              Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath> _1_paths = (Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>)_compr_1;
+              if (((_1_paths).Equals(Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>>.Select((this).dtor_provenance,_0_identifier))) && (((new BigInteger((_1_paths).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) || (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISet<RAST._IPath>, bool>>((_2_paths) => Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<RAST._IPath>(Dafny.Helpers.SingleValue<RAST._IPath>(RAST.__default.dafny__runtime), false, (((_exists_var_0) => {
+                RAST._IPath _3_p = (RAST._IPath)_exists_var_0;
+                return ((_2_paths).Contains(_3_p)) && (object.Equals(_3_p, RAST.__default.dafny__runtime));
+              }))))(_1_paths)))) {
+                _coll0.Add(new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>(_0_identifier, (((new BigInteger((_1_paths).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) ? (FactorPathsOptimization.__default.UniqueElementOf<RAST._IPath>(_1_paths)) : (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime))));
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        return Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>.FromCollection(_coll0);
+      }))();
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> ToUseStatements(Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath> finalReplacement, RAST._IPath SelfPath)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _0_toUse = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Filter<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>,RAST._IPath>, RAST._IPath, Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>>((_1_finalReplacement, _2_SelfPath) => ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>)((_3_key) => {
+        return ((_1_finalReplacement).Contains(_3_key)) && (!object.Equals(Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IPath>.Select(_1_finalReplacement,_3_key), _2_SelfPath));
+      })))(finalReplacement, SelfPath), (this).dtor_keys);
+      return ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl>>) (() => {
+        BigInteger dim12 = new BigInteger((_0_toUse).Count);
+        var arr12 = new RAST._IModDecl[Dafny.Helpers.ToIntChecked(dim12, "array size exceeds memory limit")];
+        for (int i12 = 0; i12 < dim12; i12++) {
+          var _4_i = (BigInteger) i12;
+          arr12[(int)(_4_i)] = RAST.ModDecl.create_UseDecl(RAST.Use.create(RAST.Visibility.create_PUB(), (Dafny.Map<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, RAST._IPath>.Select(finalReplacement,(_0_toUse).Select(_4_i))).MSel((_0_toUse).Select(_4_i))));
+        }
+        return Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.FromArray(arr12);
+      }))();
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace FactorPathsOptimization
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Formatting.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Formatting.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..66f977cecdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Formatting.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Formatting {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static System.String ReindentProgramFromFirstToken(Microsoft.Dafny.IToken firstToken, Formatting.IIndentationFormatter reindent)
+    {
+      System.String s = default(System.String);
+      Microsoft.Dafny.IToken _0_token;
+      _0_token = firstToken;
+      System.Text.StringBuilder _1_sb;
+      System.Text.StringBuilder _nw0 = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
+      _1_sb = _nw0;
+      while ((_0_token) != (object) ((Microsoft.Dafny.IToken)null)) {
+        System.String _2_newLeadingTrivia;
+        _2_newLeadingTrivia = (reindent).GetNewLeadingTrivia(_0_token);
+        System.String _3_newTrailingTrivia;
+        _3_newTrailingTrivia = (reindent).GetNewTrailingTrivia(_0_token);
+        (_1_sb).Append(_2_newLeadingTrivia);
+        (_1_sb).Append(_0_token.val);
+        (_1_sb).Append(_3_newTrailingTrivia);
+        _0_token = _0_token.Next;
+      }
+      System.String _out0;
+      _out0 = (_1_sb).ToString().ToString();
+      s = _out0;
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface IIndentationFormatter {
+    System.String GetNewLeadingTrivia(Microsoft.Dafny.IToken token);
+    System.String GetNewTrailingTrivia(Microsoft.Dafny.IToken token);
+  }
+  public class _Companion_IIndentationFormatter {
+  }
+} // end of namespace Formatting
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/RAST.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/RAST.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5ab668e20a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/RAST.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,7510 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace RAST {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static __A FoldLeft<__A, __T>(Func<__A, __T, __A> f, __A init, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs)
+    {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return init;
+      } else {
+        Func<__A, __T, __A> _in0 = f;
+        __A _in1 = Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__A, __T, __A>>(f)(init, (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in2 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        f = _in0;
+        init = _in1;
+        xs = _in2;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> SeqToString<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> s, Func<__T, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> f, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> separator)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((s).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>(f)((s).Select(BigInteger.Zero)), (((new BigInteger((s).Count)) > (BigInteger.One)) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(separator, RAST.__default.SeqToString<__T>((s).Drop(BigInteger.One), f, separator))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))));
+      }
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType ObjectType(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return ((RAST.__default.ObjectPath).AsType()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(underlying));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType PtrType(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return ((RAST.__default.PtrPath).AsType()).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(underlying));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType Rc(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.__default.RcType, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(underlying));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType RefCell(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.__default.RefcellType, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(underlying));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType Vec(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return RAST.Type.create_TypeApp((((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("vec"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Vec"))).AsType(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(underlying));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr NewVec(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> elements) {
+      return (RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("vec!"))).Apply(elements);
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr Borrow(RAST._IExpr underlying) {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), underlying, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat());
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr BorrowMut(RAST._IExpr underlying) {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_UnaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut"), underlying, DAST.Format.UnaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat());
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType RawType(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
+      return RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(content);
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType Box(RAST._IType content) {
+      return RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(RAST.Type.create_TIdentifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Box")), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(content));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr BoxNew(RAST._IExpr content) {
+      return ((RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Box"))).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("new"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(content));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType SystemTupleType(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> elements) {
+      return ((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_System"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Tuple"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(new BigInteger((elements).Count))))).AsType()).Apply(elements);
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr SystemTuple(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> elements) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_size = Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(new BigInteger((elements).Count));
+      return RAST.Expr.create_StructBuild(((((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_System"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Tuple"), _0_size))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_T"), _0_size))).AsExpr(), ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>>) (() => {
+  BigInteger dim10 = new BigInteger((elements).Count);
+  var arr10 = new RAST._IAssignIdentifier[Dafny.Helpers.ToIntChecked(dim10, "array size exceeds memory limit")];
+  for (int i10 = 0; i10 < dim10; i10++) {
+    var _1_i = (BigInteger) i10;
+    arr10[(int)(_1_i)] = RAST.AssignIdentifier.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_"), Std.Strings.__default.OfNat(_1_i)), (elements).Select(_1_i));
+  }
+  return Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>.FromArray(arr10);
+}))());
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType MaybeUninitType(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return (RAST.__default.MaybeUninitPathType).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(underlying));
+    }
+    public static bool IsMaybeUninitType(RAST._IType tpe) {
+      return (((tpe).is_TypeApp) && (object.Equals((tpe).dtor_baseName, RAST.__default.MaybeUninitPathType))) && ((new BigInteger(((tpe).dtor_arguments).Count)) == (BigInteger.One));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType MaybeUninitTypeUnderlying(RAST._IType tpe) {
+      return ((tpe).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr MaybeUninitNew(RAST._IExpr underlying) {
+      return ((RAST.__default.MaybeUninitPath).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("new"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(underlying));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType MaybePlaceboType(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return ((RAST.__default.MaybePlaceboPath).AsType()).Apply1(underlying);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> AddIndent(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> raw, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((raw).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, raw);
+      } else if ((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("[({")).Contains((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in0 = (raw).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in1 = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND);
+        raw = _in0;
+        ind = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else if (((Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("})]")).Contains((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) && ((new BigInteger((ind).Count)) > (new BigInteger(2)))) {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in2 = (raw).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in3 = (ind).Take((new BigInteger((ind).Count)) - (new BigInteger(2)));
+        raw = _in2;
+        ind = _in3;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else if (((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (new Dafny.Rune('\n'))) {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero)), ind));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in4 = (raw).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in5 = ind;
+        raw = _in4;
+        ind = _in5;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((raw).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in6 = (raw).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in7 = ind;
+        raw = _in6;
+        ind = _in7;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger max(BigInteger i, BigInteger j)
+    {
+      if ((i) < (j)) {
+        return j;
+      } else {
+        return i;
+      }
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr AssignVar(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IExpr rhs)
+    {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_Assign(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IAssignLhs>.create_Some(RAST.AssignLhs.create_LocalVar(name)), rhs);
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr AssignMember(RAST._IExpr @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field, RAST._IExpr rhs)
+    {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_Assign(Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IAssignLhs>.create_Some(RAST.AssignLhs.create_SelectMember(@on, field)), rhs);
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr MaybePlacebo(RAST._IExpr underlying) {
+      return ((RAST.__default.MaybePlaceboPath).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("from"))).Apply1(underlying);
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr RcNew(RAST._IExpr underlying) {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_Call(RAST.__default.std__rc__Rc__new, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(underlying));
+    }
+    public static RAST._IExpr IntoUsize(RAST._IExpr underlying) {
+      return (((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyUsize"))).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("into_usize"))).Apply1(underlying);
+    }
+    public static RAST._IType SelfOwned { get {
+      return (RAST.Path.create_Self()).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType SelfBorrowed { get {
+      return RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(RAST.__default.SelfOwned);
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType SelfBorrowedMut { get {
+      return RAST.Type.create_BorrowedMut(RAST.__default.SelfOwned);
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath @global { get {
+      return RAST.Path.create_Global();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath std { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.@global).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("std"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath RcPath { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("rc"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Rc"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType RcType { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.RcPath).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath dafny__runtime { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.@global).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("dafny_runtime"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath ObjectPath { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Object"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr Object { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.ObjectPath).AsExpr();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath PtrPath { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Ptr"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr Ptr { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.PtrPath).AsExpr();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath cell { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("cell"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType RefcellType { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.cell).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("RefCell"))).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType CloneTrait { get {
+      return (((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("clone"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Clone"))).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath DefaultPath { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("default"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Default"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType DefaultTrait { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.DefaultPath).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType AnyTrait { get {
+      return (((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("any"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Any"))).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType StaticTrait { get {
+      return RAST.__default.RawType(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("'static"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType DafnyType { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyType"))).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType DafnyPrint { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyPrint"))).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType DafnyTypeEq { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyTypeEq"))).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType Eq { get {
+      return (((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("cmp"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Eq"))).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType Hash { get {
+      return (((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("hash"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Hash"))).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType DafnyInt { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("DafnyInt"))).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath MaybeUninitPath { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("mem"))).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("MaybeUninit"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IType MaybeUninitPathType { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.MaybeUninitPath).AsType();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr MaybeUninitExpr { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.MaybeUninitPath).AsExpr();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath MaybePlaceboPath { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("MaybePlacebo"));
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> IND { get {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("  ");
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr self { get {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath crate { get {
+      return RAST.Path.create_Crate();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr dafny__runtime__Set { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Set"))).AsExpr();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr dafny__runtime__Set__from__array { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime__Set).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("from_array"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr dafny__runtime__Sequence { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Sequence"))).AsExpr();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr Sequence__from__array__owned { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime__Sequence).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("from_array_owned"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr Sequence__from__array { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime__Sequence).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("from_array"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr dafny__runtime__Multiset { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Multiset"))).AsExpr();
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr dafny__runtime__Multiset__from__array { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime__Multiset).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("from_array"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath std__rc { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.std).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("rc"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IPath std__rc__Rc { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.std__rc).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Rc"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr std__rc__Rc__new { get {
+      return (RAST.__default.std__rc__Rc).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("new"));
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IExpr std__Default__default { get {
+      return ((RAST.__default.DefaultPath).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("default"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+    } }
+    public static BigInteger MAX__TUPLE__SIZE { get {
+      return new BigInteger(12);
+    } }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IMod {
+    bool is_Mod { get; }
+    bool is_ExternMod { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> dtor_body { get; }
+    _IMod DowncastClone();
+    __T Fold<__T>(__T acc, Func<__T, RAST._IModDecl, __T> accBuilder);
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public abstract class Mod : _IMod {
+    public Mod() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IMod theDefault = create_Mod(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IModDecl>.Empty);
+    public static RAST._IMod Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod>(RAST.Mod.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMod> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IMod create_Mod(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> body) {
+      return new Mod_Mod(name, attributes, body);
+    }
+    public static _IMod create_ExternMod(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return new Mod_ExternMod(name);
+    }
+    public bool is_Mod { get { return this is Mod_Mod; } }
+    public bool is_ExternMod { get { return this is Mod_ExternMod; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Mod_Mod) { return ((Mod_Mod)d)._name; }
+        return ((Mod_ExternMod)d)._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Mod_Mod)d)._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Mod_Mod)d)._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IMod DowncastClone();
+    public __T Fold<__T>(__T acc, Func<__T, RAST._IModDecl, __T> accBuilder)
+    {
+      if ((this).is_ExternMod) {
+        return acc;
+      } else {
+        return RAST.__default.FoldLeft<__T, RAST._IModDecl>(accBuilder, acc, (this).dtor_body);
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      var _pat_let_tv0 = ind;
+      var _pat_let_tv1 = ind;
+      var _pat_let_tv2 = ind;
+      var _pat_let_tv3 = ind;
+      var _pat_let_tv4 = ind;
+      var _pat_let_tv5 = ind;
+      RAST._IMod _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ExternMod) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub mod "), _0_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2_attributes = _source0.dtor_attributes;
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _3_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Attribute.ToStringMultiple(_2_attributes, ind), Dafny.Helpers.Let<bool, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(((new BigInteger((_3_body).Count)).Sign == 1) && (((_3_body).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).is_UseDecl), _pat_let5_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<bool, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(_pat_let5_0, _4_startWithUse => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(((_4_startWithUse) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _pat_let_tv0), RAST.__default.IND)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), _pat_let6_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(_pat_let6_0, _5_prefixIfNotUseDecl => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(((_4_startWithUse) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_pat_let_tv1, RAST.__default.IND)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), _pat_let7_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(_pat_let7_0, _6_prefixIfUseDecl => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(((_4_startWithUse) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n\n"), _pat_let_tv2), RAST.__default.IND))), _pat_let8_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(_pat_let8_0, _7_infixDecl => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(((_4_startWithUse) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_pat_let_tv3, RAST.__default.IND))), _pat_let9_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(_pat_let9_0, _8_initialIdent => Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub mod "), _1_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), _8_initialIdent), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IModDecl>(_3_body, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IModDecl, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_9_prefixIfUseDecl, _10_prefixIfNotUseDecl, _11_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IModDecl, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_12_modDecl) => {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((((_12_modDecl).is_UseDecl) ? (_9_prefixIfUseDecl) : (_10_prefixIfNotUseDecl)), (_12_modDecl)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_11_ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
+        })))(_6_prefixIfUseDecl, _5_prefixIfNotUseDecl, _pat_let_tv4), _7_infixDecl)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), _pat_let_tv5), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}")))))))))))));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class Mod_Mod : Mod {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _attributes;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> _body;
+    public Mod_Mod(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IModDecl> body) : base() {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public override _IMod DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IMod dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Mod_Mod(_name, _attributes, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Mod_Mod;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Mod.Mod";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Mod_ExternMod : Mod {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public Mod_ExternMod(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) : base() {
+      this._name = name;
+    }
+    public override _IMod DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IMod dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Mod_ExternMod(_name);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Mod_ExternMod;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Mod.ExternMod";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IModDecl {
+    bool is_ModDecl { get; }
+    bool is_StructDecl { get; }
+    bool is_TypeDecl { get; }
+    bool is_ConstDecl { get; }
+    bool is_EnumDecl { get; }
+    bool is_ImplDecl { get; }
+    bool is_TraitDecl { get; }
+    bool is_TopFnDecl { get; }
+    bool is_UseDecl { get; }
+    RAST._IMod dtor_mod { get; }
+    RAST._IStruct dtor_struct { get; }
+    RAST._ITypeSynonym dtor_tpe { get; }
+    RAST._IConstant dtor_c { get; }
+    RAST._IEnum dtor_enum { get; }
+    RAST._IImpl dtor_impl { get; }
+    RAST._ITrait dtor_tr { get; }
+    RAST._ITopFnDecl dtor_fn { get; }
+    RAST._IUse dtor_use { get; }
+    _IModDecl DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public abstract class ModDecl : _IModDecl {
+    public ModDecl() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IModDecl theDefault = create_ModDecl(RAST.Mod.Default());
+    public static RAST._IModDecl Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IModDecl> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IModDecl>(RAST.ModDecl.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IModDecl> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IModDecl create_ModDecl(RAST._IMod mod) {
+      return new ModDecl_ModDecl(mod);
+    }
+    public static _IModDecl create_StructDecl(RAST._IStruct @struct) {
+      return new ModDecl_StructDecl(@struct);
+    }
+    public static _IModDecl create_TypeDecl(RAST._ITypeSynonym tpe) {
+      return new ModDecl_TypeDecl(tpe);
+    }
+    public static _IModDecl create_ConstDecl(RAST._IConstant c) {
+      return new ModDecl_ConstDecl(c);
+    }
+    public static _IModDecl create_EnumDecl(RAST._IEnum @enum) {
+      return new ModDecl_EnumDecl(@enum);
+    }
+    public static _IModDecl create_ImplDecl(RAST._IImpl impl) {
+      return new ModDecl_ImplDecl(impl);
+    }
+    public static _IModDecl create_TraitDecl(RAST._ITrait tr) {
+      return new ModDecl_TraitDecl(tr);
+    }
+    public static _IModDecl create_TopFnDecl(RAST._ITopFnDecl fn) {
+      return new ModDecl_TopFnDecl(fn);
+    }
+    public static _IModDecl create_UseDecl(RAST._IUse use) {
+      return new ModDecl_UseDecl(use);
+    }
+    public bool is_ModDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_ModDecl; } }
+    public bool is_StructDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_StructDecl; } }
+    public bool is_TypeDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_TypeDecl; } }
+    public bool is_ConstDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_ConstDecl; } }
+    public bool is_EnumDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_EnumDecl; } }
+    public bool is_ImplDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_ImplDecl; } }
+    public bool is_TraitDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_TraitDecl; } }
+    public bool is_TopFnDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_TopFnDecl; } }
+    public bool is_UseDecl { get { return this is ModDecl_UseDecl; } }
+    public RAST._IMod dtor_mod {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModDecl_ModDecl)d)._mod;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IStruct dtor_struct {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModDecl_StructDecl)d)._struct;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._ITypeSynonym dtor_tpe {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModDecl_TypeDecl)d)._tpe;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IConstant dtor_c {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModDecl_ConstDecl)d)._c;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IEnum dtor_enum {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModDecl_EnumDecl)d)._enum;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IImpl dtor_impl {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModDecl_ImplDecl)d)._impl;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._ITrait dtor_tr {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModDecl_TraitDecl)d)._tr;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._ITopFnDecl dtor_fn {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModDecl_TopFnDecl)d)._fn;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IUse dtor_use {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ModDecl_UseDecl)d)._use;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IModDecl DowncastClone();
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      if ((this).is_ModDecl) {
+        return ((this).dtor_mod)._ToString(ind);
+      } else if ((this).is_StructDecl) {
+        return ((this).dtor_struct)._ToString(ind);
+      } else if ((this).is_ImplDecl) {
+        return ((this).dtor_impl)._ToString(ind);
+      } else if ((this).is_EnumDecl) {
+        return ((this).dtor_enum)._ToString(ind);
+      } else if ((this).is_TypeDecl) {
+        return ((this).dtor_tpe)._ToString(ind);
+      } else if ((this).is_ConstDecl) {
+        return ((this).dtor_c)._ToString(ind);
+      } else if ((this).is_TraitDecl) {
+        return ((this).dtor_tr)._ToString(ind);
+      } else if ((this).is_TopFnDecl) {
+        return ((this).dtor_fn)._ToString(ind);
+      } else {
+        return ((this).dtor_use)._ToString(ind);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModDecl_ModDecl : ModDecl {
+    public readonly RAST._IMod _mod;
+    public ModDecl_ModDecl(RAST._IMod mod) : base() {
+      this._mod = mod;
+    }
+    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModDecl_ModDecl(_mod);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_ModDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._mod, oth._mod);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._mod));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.ModDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._mod);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModDecl_StructDecl : ModDecl {
+    public readonly RAST._IStruct _struct;
+    public ModDecl_StructDecl(RAST._IStruct @struct) : base() {
+      this._struct = @struct;
+    }
+    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModDecl_StructDecl(_struct);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_StructDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._struct, oth._struct);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._struct));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.StructDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._struct);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModDecl_TypeDecl : ModDecl {
+    public readonly RAST._ITypeSynonym _tpe;
+    public ModDecl_TypeDecl(RAST._ITypeSynonym tpe) : base() {
+      this._tpe = tpe;
+    }
+    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModDecl_TypeDecl(_tpe);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_TypeDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.TypeDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModDecl_ConstDecl : ModDecl {
+    public readonly RAST._IConstant _c;
+    public ModDecl_ConstDecl(RAST._IConstant c) : base() {
+      this._c = c;
+    }
+    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModDecl_ConstDecl(_c);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_ConstDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._c, oth._c);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._c));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.ConstDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._c);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModDecl_EnumDecl : ModDecl {
+    public readonly RAST._IEnum _enum;
+    public ModDecl_EnumDecl(RAST._IEnum @enum) : base() {
+      this._enum = @enum;
+    }
+    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModDecl_EnumDecl(_enum);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_EnumDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._enum, oth._enum);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._enum));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.EnumDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._enum);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModDecl_ImplDecl : ModDecl {
+    public readonly RAST._IImpl _impl;
+    public ModDecl_ImplDecl(RAST._IImpl impl) : base() {
+      this._impl = impl;
+    }
+    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModDecl_ImplDecl(_impl);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_ImplDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._impl, oth._impl);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._impl));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.ImplDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._impl);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModDecl_TraitDecl : ModDecl {
+    public readonly RAST._ITrait _tr;
+    public ModDecl_TraitDecl(RAST._ITrait tr) : base() {
+      this._tr = tr;
+    }
+    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModDecl_TraitDecl(_tr);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_TraitDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._tr, oth._tr);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tr));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.TraitDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tr);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModDecl_TopFnDecl : ModDecl {
+    public readonly RAST._ITopFnDecl _fn;
+    public ModDecl_TopFnDecl(RAST._ITopFnDecl fn) : base() {
+      this._fn = fn;
+    }
+    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModDecl_TopFnDecl(_fn);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_TopFnDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._fn, oth._fn);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fn));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.TopFnDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fn);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ModDecl_UseDecl : ModDecl {
+    public readonly RAST._IUse _use;
+    public ModDecl_UseDecl(RAST._IUse use) : base() {
+      this._use = use;
+    }
+    public override _IModDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IModDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ModDecl_UseDecl(_use);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ModDecl_UseDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._use, oth._use);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._use));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ModDecl.UseDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._use);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IUse {
+    bool is_Use { get; }
+    RAST._IVisibility dtor_visibility { get; }
+    RAST._IPath dtor_path { get; }
+    _IUse DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class Use : _IUse {
+    public readonly RAST._IVisibility _visibility;
+    public readonly RAST._IPath _path;
+    public Use(RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IPath path) {
+      this._visibility = visibility;
+      this._path = path;
+    }
+    public _IUse DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IUse dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Use(_visibility, _path);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Use;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._visibility, oth._visibility) && object.Equals(this._path, oth._path);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._visibility));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._path));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Use.Use";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._visibility);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._path);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IUse theDefault = create(RAST.Visibility.Default(), RAST.Path.Default());
+    public static RAST._IUse Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IUse> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IUse>(RAST.Use.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IUse> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IUse create(RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IPath path) {
+      return new Use(visibility, path);
+    }
+    public static _IUse create_Use(RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IPath path) {
+      return create(visibility, path);
+    }
+    public bool is_Use { get { return true; } }
+    public RAST._IVisibility dtor_visibility {
+      get {
+        return this._visibility;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IPath dtor_path {
+      get {
+        return this._path;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((this).dtor_visibility)._ToString(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("use ")), ((this).dtor_path)._ToString()), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ITopFnDecl {
+    bool is_TopFn { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    RAST._IVisibility dtor_visibility { get; }
+    RAST._IFn dtor_fn { get; }
+    _ITopFnDecl DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class TopFnDecl : _ITopFnDecl {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _attributes;
+    public readonly RAST._IVisibility _visibility;
+    public readonly RAST._IFn _fn;
+    public TopFnDecl(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IFn fn) {
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+      this._visibility = visibility;
+      this._fn = fn;
+    }
+    public _ITopFnDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ITopFnDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new TopFnDecl(_attributes, _visibility, _fn);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.TopFnDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && object.Equals(this._visibility, oth._visibility) && object.Equals(this._fn, oth._fn);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._visibility));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fn));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.TopFnDecl.TopFn";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._visibility);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fn);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._ITopFnDecl theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, RAST.Visibility.Default(), RAST.Fn.Default());
+    public static RAST._ITopFnDecl Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITopFnDecl> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITopFnDecl>(RAST.TopFnDecl.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITopFnDecl> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ITopFnDecl create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IFn fn) {
+      return new TopFnDecl(attributes, visibility, fn);
+    }
+    public static _ITopFnDecl create_TopFn(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IFn fn) {
+      return create(attributes, visibility, fn);
+    }
+    public bool is_TopFn { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IVisibility dtor_visibility {
+      get {
+        return this._visibility;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IFn dtor_fn {
+      get {
+        return this._fn;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Attribute.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_attributes, ind), ((this).dtor_visibility)._ToString()), ((this).dtor_fn)._ToString(ind));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IAttribute {
+    bool is_RawAttribute { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content { get; }
+  }
+  public class Attribute : _IAttribute {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _content;
+    public Attribute(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
+      this._content = content;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DowncastClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this) {
+      return _this;
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Attribute;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._content, oth._content);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._content));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Attribute.RawAttribute";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._content.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> theDefault = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IAttribute create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
+      return new Attribute(content);
+    }
+    public static _IAttribute create_RawAttribute(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
+      return create(content);
+    }
+    public bool is_RawAttribute { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content {
+      get {
+        return this._content;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ToStringMultiple(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind)
+    {
+      return RAST.__default.SeqToString<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(attributes, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_0_ind) => ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_1_attribute) => {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_1_attribute), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), _0_ind);
+      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IStruct {
+    bool is_Struct { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    RAST._IFields dtor_fields { get; }
+    _IStruct DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class Struct : _IStruct {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _attributes;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly RAST._IFields _fields;
+    public Struct(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IFields fields) {
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+      this._name = name;
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._fields = fields;
+    }
+    public _IStruct DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IStruct dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Struct(_attributes, _name, _typeParams, _fields);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Struct;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._fields, oth._fields);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fields));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Struct.Struct";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fields);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IStruct theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Empty, RAST.Fields.Default());
+    public static RAST._IStruct Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IStruct> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IStruct>(RAST.Struct.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IStruct> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IStruct create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IFields fields) {
+      return new Struct(attributes, name, typeParams, fields);
+    }
+    public static _IStruct create_Struct(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IFields fields) {
+      return create(attributes, name, typeParams, fields);
+    }
+    public bool is_Struct { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IFields dtor_fields {
+      get {
+        return this._fields;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Attribute.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_attributes, ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub struct ")), (this).dtor_name), RAST.TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_typeParams, ind)), ((this).dtor_fields)._ToString(ind, ((this).dtor_fields).is_NamedFields)), ((((this).dtor_fields).is_NamelessFields) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ITypeSynonym {
+    bool is_TypeSynonym { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_tpe { get; }
+    _ITypeSynonym DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class TypeSynonym : _ITypeSynonym {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _attributes;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
+    public TypeSynonym(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe) {
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+      this._name = name;
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._tpe = tpe;
+    }
+    public _ITypeSynonym DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ITypeSynonym dt) { return dt; }
+      return new TypeSynonym(_attributes, _name, _typeParams, _tpe);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.TypeSynonym;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.TypeSynonym.TypeSynonym";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._ITypeSynonym theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Empty, RAST.Type.Default());
+    public static RAST._ITypeSynonym Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITypeSynonym> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITypeSynonym>(RAST.TypeSynonym.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITypeSynonym> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ITypeSynonym create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe) {
+      return new TypeSynonym(attributes, name, typeParams, tpe);
+    }
+    public static _ITypeSynonym create_TypeSynonym(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe) {
+      return create(attributes, name, typeParams, tpe);
+    }
+    public bool is_TypeSynonym { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_tpe {
+      get {
+        return this._tpe;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Attribute.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_attributes, ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub type ")), (this).dtor_name), RAST.TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_typeParams, ind)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = ")), ((this).dtor_tpe)._ToString(ind)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IConstant {
+    bool is_Constant { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_tpe { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_value { get; }
+    _IConstant DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class Constant : _IConstant {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _attributes;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _value;
+    public Constant(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe, RAST._IExpr @value) {
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+      this._name = name;
+      this._tpe = tpe;
+      this._value = @value;
+    }
+    public _IConstant DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IConstant dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Constant(_attributes, _name, _tpe, _value);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Constant;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe) && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Constant.Constant";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IConstant theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, RAST.Type.Default(), RAST.Expr.Default());
+    public static RAST._IConstant Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IConstant> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IConstant>(RAST.Constant.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IConstant> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IConstant create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe, RAST._IExpr @value) {
+      return new Constant(attributes, name, tpe, @value);
+    }
+    public static _IConstant create_Constant(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe, RAST._IExpr @value) {
+      return create(attributes, name, tpe, @value);
+    }
+    public bool is_Constant { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_tpe {
+      get {
+        return this._tpe;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_value {
+      get {
+        return this._value;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Attribute.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_attributes, ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub const ")), (this).dtor_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), ((this).dtor_tpe)._ToString(ind)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=")), ((this).dtor_value)._ToString(ind)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _INamelessField {
+    bool is_NamelessField { get; }
+    RAST._IVisibility dtor_visibility { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_tpe { get; }
+    _INamelessField DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class NamelessField : _INamelessField {
+    public readonly RAST._IVisibility _visibility;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
+    public NamelessField(RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IType tpe) {
+      this._visibility = visibility;
+      this._tpe = tpe;
+    }
+    public _INamelessField DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _INamelessField dt) { return dt; }
+      return new NamelessField(_visibility, _tpe);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.NamelessField;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._visibility, oth._visibility) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._visibility));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.NamelessField.NamelessField";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._visibility);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._INamelessField theDefault = create(RAST.Visibility.Default(), RAST.Type.Default());
+    public static RAST._INamelessField Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._INamelessField> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._INamelessField>(RAST.NamelessField.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._INamelessField> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _INamelessField create(RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IType tpe) {
+      return new NamelessField(visibility, tpe);
+    }
+    public static _INamelessField create_NamelessField(RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IType tpe) {
+      return create(visibility, tpe);
+    }
+    public bool is_NamelessField { get { return true; } }
+    public RAST._IVisibility dtor_visibility {
+      get {
+        return this._visibility;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_tpe {
+      get {
+        return this._tpe;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((this).dtor_visibility)._ToString(), ((this).dtor_tpe)._ToString(ind));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IField {
+    bool is_Field { get; }
+    RAST._IVisibility dtor_visibility { get; }
+    RAST._IFormal dtor_formal { get; }
+    _IField DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+    RAST._INamelessField ToNamelessField();
+  }
+  public class Field : _IField {
+    public readonly RAST._IVisibility _visibility;
+    public readonly RAST._IFormal _formal;
+    public Field(RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IFormal formal) {
+      this._visibility = visibility;
+      this._formal = formal;
+    }
+    public _IField DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IField dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Field(_visibility, _formal);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Field;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._visibility, oth._visibility) && object.Equals(this._formal, oth._formal);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._visibility));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._formal));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Field.Field";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._visibility);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._formal);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IField theDefault = create(RAST.Visibility.Default(), RAST.Formal.Default());
+    public static RAST._IField Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IField> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IField>(RAST.Field.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IField> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IField create(RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IFormal formal) {
+      return new Field(visibility, formal);
+    }
+    public static _IField create_Field(RAST._IVisibility visibility, RAST._IFormal formal) {
+      return create(visibility, formal);
+    }
+    public bool is_Field { get { return true; } }
+    public RAST._IVisibility dtor_visibility {
+      get {
+        return this._visibility;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IFormal dtor_formal {
+      get {
+        return this._formal;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((this).dtor_visibility)._ToString(), ((this).dtor_formal)._ToString(ind));
+    }
+    public RAST._INamelessField ToNamelessField() {
+      return RAST.NamelessField.create((this).dtor_visibility, ((this).dtor_formal).dtor_tpe);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IFields {
+    bool is_NamedFields { get; }
+    bool is_NamelessFields { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IField> dtor_fields { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._INamelessField> dtor_types { get; }
+    _IFields DowncastClone();
+    RAST._IFields ToNamelessFields();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind, bool newLine);
+  }
+  public abstract class Fields : _IFields {
+    public Fields() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IFields theDefault = create_NamedFields(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IField>.Empty);
+    public static RAST._IFields Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFields> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFields>(RAST.Fields.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFields> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IFields create_NamedFields(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IField> fields) {
+      return new Fields_NamedFields(fields);
+    }
+    public static _IFields create_NamelessFields(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._INamelessField> types) {
+      return new Fields_NamelessFields(types);
+    }
+    public bool is_NamedFields { get { return this is Fields_NamedFields; } }
+    public bool is_NamelessFields { get { return this is Fields_NamelessFields; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IField> dtor_fields {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Fields_NamedFields)d)._fields;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._INamelessField> dtor_types {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Fields_NamelessFields)d)._types;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IFields DowncastClone();
+    public RAST._IFields ToNamelessFields() {
+      return RAST.Fields.create_NamelessFields(((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._INamelessField>>) (() => {
+  BigInteger dim11 = new BigInteger(((this).dtor_fields).Count);
+  var arr11 = new RAST._INamelessField[Dafny.Helpers.ToIntChecked(dim11, "array size exceeds memory limit")];
+  for (int i11 = 0; i11 < dim11; i11++) {
+    var _0_i = (BigInteger) i11;
+    arr11[(int)(_0_i)] = (((this).dtor_fields).Select(_0_i)).ToNamelessField();
+  }
+  return Dafny.Sequence<RAST._INamelessField>.FromArray(arr11);
+}))());
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind, bool newLine)
+    {
+      if ((this).is_NamedFields) {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_separator = ((newLine) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(",\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")));
+        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs0 = (((newLine) && ((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_fields).Count)).Sign == 1)) ? (_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind))) : ((((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_fields).Count)).Sign == 1) ? (_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "))) : (_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))))));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_beginSpace = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2_endSpace = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {"), _1_beginSpace), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IField>((this).dtor_fields, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IField, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_3_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IField, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_4_field) => {
+          return (_4_field)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+        })))(ind), _0_separator)), _2_endSpace), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _5_separator = ((newLine) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(",\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", ")));
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._INamelessField>((this).dtor_types, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._INamelessField, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_6_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._INamelessField, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_7_t) => {
+          return (_7_t)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_6_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+        })))(ind), _5_separator)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class Fields_NamedFields : Fields {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IField> _fields;
+    public Fields_NamedFields(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IField> fields) : base() {
+      this._fields = fields;
+    }
+    public override _IFields DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IFields dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Fields_NamedFields(_fields);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Fields_NamedFields;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._fields, oth._fields);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fields));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Fields.NamedFields";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fields);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Fields_NamelessFields : Fields {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._INamelessField> _types;
+    public Fields_NamelessFields(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._INamelessField> types) : base() {
+      this._types = types;
+    }
+    public override _IFields DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IFields dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Fields_NamelessFields(_types);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Fields_NamelessFields;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._types, oth._types);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._types));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Fields.NamelessFields";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._types);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IEnumCase {
+    bool is_EnumCase { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    RAST._IFields dtor_fields { get; }
+    _IEnumCase DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind, bool newLine);
+  }
+  public class EnumCase : _IEnumCase {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly RAST._IFields _fields;
+    public EnumCase(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IFields fields) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._fields = fields;
+    }
+    public _IEnumCase DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IEnumCase dt) { return dt; }
+      return new EnumCase(_name, _fields);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.EnumCase;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._fields, oth._fields);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fields));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.EnumCase.EnumCase";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fields);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IEnumCase theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, RAST.Fields.Default());
+    public static RAST._IEnumCase Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnumCase> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnumCase>(RAST.EnumCase.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnumCase> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IEnumCase create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IFields fields) {
+      return new EnumCase(name, fields);
+    }
+    public static _IEnumCase create_EnumCase(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IFields fields) {
+      return create(name, fields);
+    }
+    public bool is_EnumCase { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IFields dtor_fields {
+      get {
+        return this._fields;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind, bool newLine)
+    {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((this).dtor_name, ((this).dtor_fields)._ToString(ind, newLine));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IEnum {
+    bool is_Enum { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> dtor_variants { get; }
+    _IEnum DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class Enum : _IEnum {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _attributes;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> _variants;
+    public Enum(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> variants) {
+      this._attributes = attributes;
+      this._name = name;
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._variants = variants;
+    }
+    public _IEnum DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IEnum dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Enum(_attributes, _name, _typeParams, _variants);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Enum;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._attributes, oth._attributes) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._variants, oth._variants);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._attributes));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._variants));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Enum.Enum";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._attributes);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._variants);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IEnum theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IEnumCase>.Empty);
+    public static RAST._IEnum Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnum> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnum>(RAST.Enum.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IEnum> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IEnum create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> variants) {
+      return new Enum(attributes, name, typeParams, variants);
+    }
+    public static _IEnum create_Enum(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> attributes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> variants) {
+      return create(attributes, name, typeParams, variants);
+    }
+    public bool is_Enum { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_attributes {
+      get {
+        return this._attributes;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IEnumCase> dtor_variants {
+      get {
+        return this._variants;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Attribute.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_attributes, ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub enum ")), (this).dtor_name), RAST.TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_typeParams, ind)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IEnumCase>((this).dtor_variants, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IEnumCase, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_0_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IEnumCase, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_1_variant) => {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _0_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_1_variant)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0_ind, RAST.__default.IND), true));
+      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ITypeParamDecl {
+    bool is_TypeParamDecl { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> dtor_constraints { get; }
+    _ITypeParamDecl DowncastClone();
+    RAST._ITypeParamDecl AddConstraints(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> constraints);
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class TypeParamDecl : _ITypeParamDecl {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _constraints;
+    public TypeParamDecl(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> constraints) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._constraints = constraints;
+    }
+    public _ITypeParamDecl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ITypeParamDecl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new TypeParamDecl(_name, _constraints);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.TypeParamDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._constraints, oth._constraints);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._constraints));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.TypeParamDecl.TypeParamDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._constraints);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._ITypeParamDecl theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Empty);
+    public static RAST._ITypeParamDecl Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>(RAST.TypeParamDecl.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ITypeParamDecl create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> constraints) {
+      return new TypeParamDecl(name, constraints);
+    }
+    public static _ITypeParamDecl create_TypeParamDecl(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> constraints) {
+      return create(name, constraints);
+    }
+    public bool is_TypeParamDecl { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> dtor_constraints {
+      get {
+        return this._constraints;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ToStringMultiple(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((typeParams).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>(typeParams, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._ITypeParamDecl, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_0_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._ITypeParamDecl, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_1_t) => {
+          return (_1_t)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+        })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> AddConstraintsMultiple(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> constraints)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((typeParams).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.FromElements(((typeParams).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).AddConstraints(constraints)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _in0 = (typeParams).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _in1 = constraints;
+        typeParams = _in0;
+        constraints = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._ITypeParamDecl AddConstraints(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> constraints) {
+      RAST._ITypeParamDecl _0_dt__update__tmp_h0 = this;
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1_dt__update_hconstraints_h0 = Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Concat((this).dtor_constraints, constraints);
+      return RAST.TypeParamDecl.create((_0_dt__update__tmp_h0).dtor_name, _1_dt__update_hconstraints_h0);
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((this).dtor_name, (((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_constraints).Count)).Sign == 0) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": "), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IType>((this).dtor_constraints, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_0_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_1_t) => {
+        return (_1_t)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" + "))))));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IPath {
+    bool is_Global { get; }
+    bool is_Crate { get; }
+    bool is_Self { get; }
+    bool is_PMemberSelect { get; }
+    RAST._IPath dtor_base { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    _IPath DowncastClone();
+    RAST._IPath MSel(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name);
+    RAST._IExpr FSel(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name);
+    RAST._IType AsType();
+    RAST._IExpr AsExpr();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString();
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> RightMostIdentifier();
+  }
+  public abstract class Path : _IPath {
+    public Path() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IPath theDefault = create_Global();
+    public static RAST._IPath Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IPath> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IPath>(RAST.Path.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IPath> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IPath create_Global() {
+      return new Path_Global();
+    }
+    public static _IPath create_Crate() {
+      return new Path_Crate();
+    }
+    public static _IPath create_Self() {
+      return new Path_Self();
+    }
+    public static _IPath create_PMemberSelect(RAST._IPath @base, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return new Path_PMemberSelect(@base, name);
+    }
+    public bool is_Global { get { return this is Path_Global; } }
+    public bool is_Crate { get { return this is Path_Crate; } }
+    public bool is_Self { get { return this is Path_Self; } }
+    public bool is_PMemberSelect { get { return this is Path_PMemberSelect; } }
+    public RAST._IPath dtor_base {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Path_PMemberSelect)d)._base;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Path_PMemberSelect)d)._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IPath DowncastClone();
+    public RAST._IPath MSel(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return RAST.Path.create_PMemberSelect(this, name);
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr FSel(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return ((this).AsExpr()).FSel(name);
+    }
+    public RAST._IType AsType() {
+      return RAST.Type.create_TypeFromPath(this);
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr AsExpr() {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_ExprFromPath(this);
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString() {
+      RAST._IPath _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Global) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Crate) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("crate");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Self) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Self");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        RAST._IPath _0_base = _source0.dtor_base;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_0_base)._ToString(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), _1_name);
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> RightMostIdentifier() {
+      RAST._IPath _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Global) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None();
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Crate) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("crate"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Self) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Self"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        RAST._IPath _0_base = _source0.dtor_base;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(_1_name);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class Path_Global : Path {
+    public Path_Global() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPath DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPath dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Path_Global();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Path_Global;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Path.Global";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Path_Crate : Path {
+    public Path_Crate() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPath DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPath dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Path_Crate();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Path_Crate;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Path.Crate";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Path_Self : Path {
+    public Path_Self() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPath DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPath dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Path_Self();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Path_Self;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Path.Self";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Path_PMemberSelect : Path {
+    public readonly RAST._IPath _base;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public Path_PMemberSelect(RAST._IPath @base, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) : base() {
+      this._base = @base;
+      this._name = name;
+    }
+    public override _IPath DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPath dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Path_PMemberSelect(_base, _name);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Path_PMemberSelect;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._base, oth._base) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._base));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Path.PMemberSelect";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._base);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IType {
+    bool is_U8 { get; }
+    bool is_U16 { get; }
+    bool is_U32 { get; }
+    bool is_U64 { get; }
+    bool is_U128 { get; }
+    bool is_I8 { get; }
+    bool is_I16 { get; }
+    bool is_I32 { get; }
+    bool is_I64 { get; }
+    bool is_I128 { get; }
+    bool is_Bool { get; }
+    bool is_TIdentifier { get; }
+    bool is_TypeFromPath { get; }
+    bool is_TypeApp { get; }
+    bool is_Borrowed { get; }
+    bool is_BorrowedMut { get; }
+    bool is_ImplType { get; }
+    bool is_DynType { get; }
+    bool is_TupleType { get; }
+    bool is_FnType { get; }
+    bool is_IntersectionType { get; }
+    bool is_Array { get; }
+    bool is_TSynonym { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    RAST._IPath dtor_path { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_baseName { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> dtor_arguments { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_underlying { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_returnType { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_left { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_right { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_size { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_display { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_base { get; }
+    _IType DowncastClone();
+    RAST._IType Expand();
+    bool EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics();
+    RAST._IType ReplaceMap(Dafny.IMap<RAST._IType,RAST._IType> mapping);
+    RAST._IType Replace(Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType> mapping);
+    __T Fold<__T>(__T acc, Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T> f);
+    bool CanReadWithoutClone();
+    bool IsRcOrBorrowedRc();
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> ExtractMaybePlacebo();
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> ExtractMaybeUninitArrayElement();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+    RAST._IType Apply1(RAST._IType arg);
+    RAST._IType Apply(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> args);
+    RAST._IType ToOwned();
+    RAST._IExpr ToNullExpr();
+    bool IsMultiArray();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> MultiArrayClass();
+    RAST._IType MultiArrayUnderlying();
+    RAST._IType TypeAtInitialization();
+    bool IsMaybeUninit();
+    bool IsUninitArray();
+    bool IsObject();
+    bool IsPointer();
+    bool IsObjectOrPointer();
+    RAST._IType ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+    bool IsBuiltinCollection();
+    RAST._IType GetBuiltinCollectionElement();
+    bool IsRc();
+    RAST._IType RcUnderlying();
+  }
+  public abstract class Type : _IType {
+    public Type() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IType theDefault = create_U8();
+    public static RAST._IType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IType>(RAST.Type.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IType create_U8() {
+      return new Type_U8();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_U16() {
+      return new Type_U16();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_U32() {
+      return new Type_U32();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_U64() {
+      return new Type_U64();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_U128() {
+      return new Type_U128();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_I8() {
+      return new Type_I8();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_I16() {
+      return new Type_I16();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_I32() {
+      return new Type_I32();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_I64() {
+      return new Type_I64();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_I128() {
+      return new Type_I128();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Bool() {
+      return new Type_Bool();
+    }
+    public static _IType create_TIdentifier(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return new Type_TIdentifier(name);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_TypeFromPath(RAST._IPath path) {
+      return new Type_TypeFromPath(path);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_TypeApp(RAST._IType baseName, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> arguments) {
+      return new Type_TypeApp(baseName, arguments);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Borrowed(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return new Type_Borrowed(underlying);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_BorrowedMut(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return new Type_BorrowedMut(underlying);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_ImplType(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return new Type_ImplType(underlying);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_DynType(RAST._IType underlying) {
+      return new Type_DynType(underlying);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_TupleType(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> arguments) {
+      return new Type_TupleType(arguments);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_FnType(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> arguments, RAST._IType returnType) {
+      return new Type_FnType(arguments, returnType);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_IntersectionType(RAST._IType left, RAST._IType right) {
+      return new Type_IntersectionType(left, right);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_Array(RAST._IType underlying, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> size) {
+      return new Type_Array(underlying, size);
+    }
+    public static _IType create_TSynonym(RAST._IType display, RAST._IType @base) {
+      return new Type_TSynonym(display, @base);
+    }
+    public bool is_U8 { get { return this is Type_U8; } }
+    public bool is_U16 { get { return this is Type_U16; } }
+    public bool is_U32 { get { return this is Type_U32; } }
+    public bool is_U64 { get { return this is Type_U64; } }
+    public bool is_U128 { get { return this is Type_U128; } }
+    public bool is_I8 { get { return this is Type_I8; } }
+    public bool is_I16 { get { return this is Type_I16; } }
+    public bool is_I32 { get { return this is Type_I32; } }
+    public bool is_I64 { get { return this is Type_I64; } }
+    public bool is_I128 { get { return this is Type_I128; } }
+    public bool is_Bool { get { return this is Type_Bool; } }
+    public bool is_TIdentifier { get { return this is Type_TIdentifier; } }
+    public bool is_TypeFromPath { get { return this is Type_TypeFromPath; } }
+    public bool is_TypeApp { get { return this is Type_TypeApp; } }
+    public bool is_Borrowed { get { return this is Type_Borrowed; } }
+    public bool is_BorrowedMut { get { return this is Type_BorrowedMut; } }
+    public bool is_ImplType { get { return this is Type_ImplType; } }
+    public bool is_DynType { get { return this is Type_DynType; } }
+    public bool is_TupleType { get { return this is Type_TupleType; } }
+    public bool is_FnType { get { return this is Type_FnType; } }
+    public bool is_IntersectionType { get { return this is Type_IntersectionType; } }
+    public bool is_Array { get { return this is Type_Array; } }
+    public bool is_TSynonym { get { return this is Type_TSynonym; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_TIdentifier)d)._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IPath dtor_path {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_TypeFromPath)d)._path;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_baseName {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_TypeApp)d)._baseName;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> dtor_arguments {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Type_TypeApp) { return ((Type_TypeApp)d)._arguments; }
+        if (d is Type_TupleType) { return ((Type_TupleType)d)._arguments; }
+        return ((Type_FnType)d)._arguments;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_underlying {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Type_Borrowed) { return ((Type_Borrowed)d)._underlying; }
+        if (d is Type_BorrowedMut) { return ((Type_BorrowedMut)d)._underlying; }
+        if (d is Type_ImplType) { return ((Type_ImplType)d)._underlying; }
+        if (d is Type_DynType) { return ((Type_DynType)d)._underlying; }
+        return ((Type_Array)d)._underlying;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_returnType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_FnType)d)._returnType;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_left {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_IntersectionType)d)._left;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_right {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_IntersectionType)d)._right;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_size {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_Array)d)._size;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_display {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_TSynonym)d)._display;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_base {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Type_TSynonym)d)._base;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IType DowncastClone();
+    public RAST._IType Expand() {
+      _IType _this = this;
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((_this).is_TSynonym) {
+        RAST._IType _in0 = (_this).dtor_base;
+        _this = _in0;
+        ;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else {
+        return _this;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics() {
+      return ((((((((((((((((((this).is_U8) || ((this).is_U16)) || ((this).is_U32)) || ((this).is_U64)) || ((this).is_U128)) || ((this).is_I8)) || ((this).is_I16)) || ((this).is_I32)) || ((this).is_I64)) || ((this).is_I128)) || ((this).is_TIdentifier)) || ((this).is_TypeFromPath)) || (((this).is_Borrowed) && (((this).dtor_underlying).EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics()))) || (((this).is_BorrowedMut) && (((this).dtor_underlying).EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics()))) || (((this).is_ImplType) && (((this).dtor_underlying).EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics()))) || (((this).is_DynType) && (((this).dtor_underlying).EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics()))) || (((this).is_IntersectionType) && (((this).dtor_right).EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics()))) || (((this).is_TSynonym) && (((this).dtor_display).EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics()));
+    }
+    public RAST._IType ReplaceMap(Dafny.IMap<RAST._IType,RAST._IType> mapping) {
+      return (this).Replace(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.IMap<RAST._IType,RAST._IType>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>>((_0_mapping) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>)((_1_t) => {
+        return (((_0_mapping).Contains(_1_t)) ? (Dafny.Map<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>.Select(_0_mapping,_1_t)) : (_1_t));
+      })))(mapping));
+    }
+    public RAST._IType Replace(Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType> mapping) {
+      RAST._IType _0_r = ((System.Func<RAST._IType>)(() => {
+        RAST._IType _source0 = this;
+        {
+          bool disjunctiveMatch0 = false;
+          if (_source0.is_U8) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (_source0.is_U16) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (_source0.is_U32) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (_source0.is_U64) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (_source0.is_U128) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (_source0.is_I8) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (_source0.is_I16) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (_source0.is_I32) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (_source0.is_I64) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (_source0.is_I128) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (_source0.is_Bool) {
+            disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+          }
+          if (disjunctiveMatch0) {
+            return this;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_TIdentifier) {
+            return this;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_TypeFromPath) {
+            RAST._IPath _1_path = _source0.dtor_path;
+            return this;
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_TypeApp) {
+            RAST._IType _2_baseName = _source0.dtor_baseName;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _3_arguments = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+            RAST._IType _4_dt__update__tmp_h0 = this;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _5_dt__update_harguments_h0 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>>((_6_mapping, _7_arguments) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>)((_8_t) => {
+              return (_8_t).Replace(_6_mapping);
+            })))(mapping, _3_arguments), _3_arguments);
+            RAST._IType _9_dt__update_hbaseName_h0 = (_2_baseName).Replace(mapping);
+            return RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(_9_dt__update_hbaseName_h0, _5_dt__update_harguments_h0);
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Borrowed) {
+            RAST._IType _10_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+            RAST._IType _11_dt__update__tmp_h1 = this;
+            RAST._IType _12_dt__update_hunderlying_h0 = (_10_underlying).Replace(mapping);
+            if ((_11_dt__update__tmp_h1).is_Borrowed) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_12_dt__update_hunderlying_h0);
+            } else if ((_11_dt__update__tmp_h1).is_BorrowedMut) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_BorrowedMut(_12_dt__update_hunderlying_h0);
+            } else if ((_11_dt__update__tmp_h1).is_ImplType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_ImplType(_12_dt__update_hunderlying_h0);
+            } else if ((_11_dt__update__tmp_h1).is_DynType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_DynType(_12_dt__update_hunderlying_h0);
+            } else {
+              return RAST.Type.create_Array(_12_dt__update_hunderlying_h0, (_11_dt__update__tmp_h1).dtor_size);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_BorrowedMut) {
+            RAST._IType _13_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+            RAST._IType _14_dt__update__tmp_h2 = this;
+            RAST._IType _15_dt__update_hunderlying_h1 = (_13_underlying).Replace(mapping);
+            if ((_14_dt__update__tmp_h2).is_Borrowed) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_15_dt__update_hunderlying_h1);
+            } else if ((_14_dt__update__tmp_h2).is_BorrowedMut) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_BorrowedMut(_15_dt__update_hunderlying_h1);
+            } else if ((_14_dt__update__tmp_h2).is_ImplType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_ImplType(_15_dt__update_hunderlying_h1);
+            } else if ((_14_dt__update__tmp_h2).is_DynType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_DynType(_15_dt__update_hunderlying_h1);
+            } else {
+              return RAST.Type.create_Array(_15_dt__update_hunderlying_h1, (_14_dt__update__tmp_h2).dtor_size);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_ImplType) {
+            RAST._IType _16_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+            RAST._IType _17_dt__update__tmp_h3 = this;
+            RAST._IType _18_dt__update_hunderlying_h2 = (_16_underlying).Replace(mapping);
+            if ((_17_dt__update__tmp_h3).is_Borrowed) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_18_dt__update_hunderlying_h2);
+            } else if ((_17_dt__update__tmp_h3).is_BorrowedMut) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_BorrowedMut(_18_dt__update_hunderlying_h2);
+            } else if ((_17_dt__update__tmp_h3).is_ImplType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_ImplType(_18_dt__update_hunderlying_h2);
+            } else if ((_17_dt__update__tmp_h3).is_DynType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_DynType(_18_dt__update_hunderlying_h2);
+            } else {
+              return RAST.Type.create_Array(_18_dt__update_hunderlying_h2, (_17_dt__update__tmp_h3).dtor_size);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_DynType) {
+            RAST._IType _19_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+            RAST._IType _20_dt__update__tmp_h4 = this;
+            RAST._IType _21_dt__update_hunderlying_h3 = (_19_underlying).Replace(mapping);
+            if ((_20_dt__update__tmp_h4).is_Borrowed) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_21_dt__update_hunderlying_h3);
+            } else if ((_20_dt__update__tmp_h4).is_BorrowedMut) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_BorrowedMut(_21_dt__update_hunderlying_h3);
+            } else if ((_20_dt__update__tmp_h4).is_ImplType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_ImplType(_21_dt__update_hunderlying_h3);
+            } else if ((_20_dt__update__tmp_h4).is_DynType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_DynType(_21_dt__update_hunderlying_h3);
+            } else {
+              return RAST.Type.create_Array(_21_dt__update_hunderlying_h3, (_20_dt__update__tmp_h4).dtor_size);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_TupleType) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _22_arguments = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+            RAST._IType _23_dt__update__tmp_h5 = this;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _24_dt__update_harguments_h1 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>>((_25_mapping, _26_arguments) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>)((_27_t) => {
+              return (_27_t).Replace(_25_mapping);
+            })))(mapping, _22_arguments), _22_arguments);
+            if ((_23_dt__update__tmp_h5).is_TypeApp) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_TypeApp((_23_dt__update__tmp_h5).dtor_baseName, _24_dt__update_harguments_h1);
+            } else if ((_23_dt__update__tmp_h5).is_TupleType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_TupleType(_24_dt__update_harguments_h1);
+            } else {
+              return RAST.Type.create_FnType(_24_dt__update_harguments_h1, (_23_dt__update__tmp_h5).dtor_returnType);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_FnType) {
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _28_arguments = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+            RAST._IType _29_returnType = _source0.dtor_returnType;
+            RAST._IType _30_dt__update__tmp_h6 = this;
+            RAST._IType _31_dt__update_hreturnType_h0 = (_29_returnType).Replace(mapping);
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _32_dt__update_harguments_h2 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Map<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType>, Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>>((_33_mapping, _34_arguments) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>)((_35_t) => {
+              return (_35_t).Replace(_33_mapping);
+            })))(mapping, _28_arguments), _28_arguments);
+            return RAST.Type.create_FnType(_32_dt__update_harguments_h2, _31_dt__update_hreturnType_h0);
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_IntersectionType) {
+            RAST._IType _36_left = _source0.dtor_left;
+            RAST._IType _37_right = _source0.dtor_right;
+            RAST._IType _38_dt__update__tmp_h7 = this;
+            RAST._IType _39_dt__update_hright_h0 = (_37_right).Replace(mapping);
+            RAST._IType _40_dt__update_hleft_h0 = (_36_left).Replace(mapping);
+            return RAST.Type.create_IntersectionType(_40_dt__update_hleft_h0, _39_dt__update_hright_h0);
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Array) {
+            RAST._IType _41_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _42_size = _source0.dtor_size;
+            RAST._IType _43_dt__update__tmp_h8 = this;
+            RAST._IType _44_dt__update_hunderlying_h4 = (_41_underlying).Replace(mapping);
+            if ((_43_dt__update__tmp_h8).is_Borrowed) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_Borrowed(_44_dt__update_hunderlying_h4);
+            } else if ((_43_dt__update__tmp_h8).is_BorrowedMut) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_BorrowedMut(_44_dt__update_hunderlying_h4);
+            } else if ((_43_dt__update__tmp_h8).is_ImplType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_ImplType(_44_dt__update_hunderlying_h4);
+            } else if ((_43_dt__update__tmp_h8).is_DynType) {
+              return RAST.Type.create_DynType(_44_dt__update_hunderlying_h4);
+            } else {
+              return RAST.Type.create_Array(_44_dt__update_hunderlying_h4, (_43_dt__update__tmp_h8).dtor_size);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          RAST._IType _45_display = _source0.dtor_display;
+          RAST._IType _46_base = _source0.dtor_base;
+          RAST._IType _47_dt__update__tmp_h9 = this;
+          RAST._IType _48_dt__update_hbase_h0 = (_46_base).Replace(mapping);
+          RAST._IType _49_dt__update_hdisplay_h0 = (_45_display).Replace(mapping);
+          return RAST.Type.create_TSynonym(_49_dt__update_hdisplay_h0, _48_dt__update_hbase_h0);
+        }
+      }))();
+      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<RAST._IType, RAST._IType>>(mapping)(_0_r);
+    }
+    public __T Fold<__T>(__T acc, Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T> f)
+    {
+      __T _0_newAcc = Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T>>(f)(acc, this);
+      RAST._IType _source0 = this;
+      {
+        bool disjunctiveMatch0 = false;
+        if (_source0.is_U8) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_U16) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_U32) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_U64) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_U128) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_I8) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_I16) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_I32) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_I64) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_I128) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (_source0.is_Bool) {
+          disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+        }
+        if (disjunctiveMatch0) {
+          return _0_newAcc;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TIdentifier) {
+          return _0_newAcc;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeFromPath) {
+          RAST._IPath _1_path = _source0.dtor_path;
+          return _0_newAcc;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeApp) {
+          RAST._IType _2_baseName = _source0.dtor_baseName;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _3_arguments = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+          return Std.Collections.Seq.__default.FoldLeft<__T, RAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T>, Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T>>>((_4_f) => ((System.Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T>)((_5_acc, _6_argType) => {
+            return (_6_argType).Fold<__T>(_5_acc, _4_f);
+          })))(f), (_2_baseName).Fold<__T>(_0_newAcc, f), _3_arguments);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Borrowed) {
+          RAST._IType _7_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return (_7_underlying).Fold<__T>(_0_newAcc, f);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_BorrowedMut) {
+          RAST._IType _8_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return (_8_underlying).Fold<__T>(_0_newAcc, f);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ImplType) {
+          RAST._IType _9_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return (_9_underlying).Fold<__T>(_0_newAcc, f);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_DynType) {
+          RAST._IType _10_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return (_10_underlying).Fold<__T>(_0_newAcc, f);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TupleType) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _11_arguments = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+          return Std.Collections.Seq.__default.FoldLeft<__T, RAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T>, Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T>>>((_12_f) => ((System.Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T>)((_13_acc, _14_argType) => {
+            return (_14_argType).Fold<__T>(_13_acc, _12_f);
+          })))(f), _0_newAcc, _11_arguments);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_FnType) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _15_arguments = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+          RAST._IType _16_returnType = _source0.dtor_returnType;
+          return (_16_returnType).Fold<__T>(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.FoldLeft<__T, RAST._IType>(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T>, Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T>>>((_17_f) => ((System.Func<__T, RAST._IType, __T>)((_18_acc, _19_argType) => {
+            return (_19_argType).Fold<__T>(_18_acc, _17_f);
+          })))(f), _0_newAcc, _15_arguments), f);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_IntersectionType) {
+          RAST._IType _20_left = _source0.dtor_left;
+          RAST._IType _21_right = _source0.dtor_right;
+          return (_21_right).Fold<__T>((_20_left).Fold<__T>(_0_newAcc, f), f);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Array) {
+          RAST._IType _22_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _23_size = _source0.dtor_size;
+          return (_22_underlying).Fold<__T>(_0_newAcc, f);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        RAST._IType _24_display = _source0.dtor_display;
+        RAST._IType _25_base = _source0.dtor_base;
+        return (_24_display).Fold<__T>(_0_newAcc, f);
+      }
+    }
+    public bool CanReadWithoutClone() {
+      return (((((((((((((this).is_U8) || ((this).is_U16)) || ((this).is_U32)) || ((this).is_U64)) || ((this).is_U128)) || ((this).is_I8)) || ((this).is_I16)) || ((this).is_I32)) || ((this).is_I64)) || ((this).is_I128)) || ((this).is_Bool)) || (((this).is_TSynonym) && (((this).dtor_base).CanReadWithoutClone()))) || ((this).IsPointer());
+    }
+    public bool IsRcOrBorrowedRc() {
+      return ((((this).is_TypeApp) && (object.Equals((this).dtor_baseName, RAST.__default.RcType))) || (((this).is_Borrowed) && (((this).dtor_underlying).IsRcOrBorrowedRc()))) || (((this).is_TSynonym) && (((this).dtor_base).IsRcOrBorrowedRc()));
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> ExtractMaybePlacebo() {
+      RAST._IType _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeApp) {
+          RAST._IType _0_wrapper = _source0.dtor_baseName;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1_arguments = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+          if ((object.Equals(_0_wrapper, RAST.Type.create_TypeFromPath(RAST.__default.MaybePlaceboPath))) && ((new BigInteger((_1_arguments).Count)) == (BigInteger.One))) {
+            return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some((_1_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+          } else {
+            return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None();
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None();
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> ExtractMaybeUninitArrayElement() {
+      if ((this).IsObjectOrPointer()) {
+        RAST._IType _0_s = (this).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+        if (((_0_s).is_Array) && (RAST.__default.IsMaybeUninitType((_0_s).dtor_underlying))) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.__default.MaybeUninitTypeUnderlying((_0_s).dtor_underlying));
+        } else if (((_0_s).IsMultiArray()) && (RAST.__default.IsMaybeUninitType((_0_s).MultiArrayUnderlying()))) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(RAST.__default.MaybeUninitTypeUnderlying((_0_s).MultiArrayUnderlying()));
+        } else {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None();
+        }
+      } else {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_None();
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      RAST._IType _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Bool) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("bool");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TIdentifier) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_underlying = _source0.dtor_name;
+          return _0_underlying;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeFromPath) {
+          RAST._IPath _1_underlying = _source0.dtor_path;
+          return (_1_underlying)._ToString();
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Borrowed) {
+          RAST._IType _2_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), (_2_underlying)._ToString(ind));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_BorrowedMut) {
+          RAST._IType _3_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut "), (_3_underlying)._ToString(ind));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ImplType) {
+          RAST._IType _4_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("impl "), (_4_underlying)._ToString(ind));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_DynType) {
+          RAST._IType _5_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("dyn "), (_5_underlying)._ToString(ind));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_FnType) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _6_arguments = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+          RAST._IType _7_returnType = _source0.dtor_returnType;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::std::ops::Fn("), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IType>(_6_arguments, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_8_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_9_arg) => {
+            return (_9_arg)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_8_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+          })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") -> ")), (_7_returnType)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_IntersectionType) {
+          RAST._IType _10_left = _source0.dtor_left;
+          RAST._IType _11_right = _source0.dtor_right;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_10_left)._ToString(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" + ")), (_11_right)._ToString(ind));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TupleType) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _12_args = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+          if ((_12_args).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements())) {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("()");
+          } else {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IType>(_12_args, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_13_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_14_arg) => {
+              return (_14_arg)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_13_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+            })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeApp) {
+          RAST._IType _15_base = _source0.dtor_baseName;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _16_args = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_15_base)._ToString(ind), (((_16_args).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements())) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IType>(_16_args, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_17_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_18_arg) => {
+            return (_18_arg)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_17_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+          })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">")))));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_U8) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u8");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_U16) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u16");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_U32) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u32");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_U64) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u64");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_U128) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("u128");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_I8) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i8");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_I16) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i16");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_I32) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i32");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_I64) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i64");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_I128) {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("i128");
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Array) {
+          RAST._IType _19_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _20_size = _source0.dtor_size;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("["), (_19_underlying)._ToString(ind)), (((_20_size).is_Some) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("; "), (_20_size).dtor_value)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("]"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        RAST._IType _21_display = _source0.dtor_display;
+        RAST._IType _22_base = _source0.dtor_base;
+        return (_21_display)._ToString(ind);
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType Apply1(RAST._IType arg) {
+      return RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(this, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(arg));
+    }
+    public RAST._IType Apply(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> args) {
+      return RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(this, args);
+    }
+    public RAST._IType ToOwned() {
+      RAST._IType _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Borrowed) {
+          RAST._IType _0_x = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return _0_x;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_BorrowedMut) {
+          RAST._IType _1_x = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return _1_x;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        RAST._IType _2_x = _source0;
+        return _2_x;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr ToNullExpr() {
+      if (((this).Expand()).IsObject()) {
+        return ((RAST.__default.Object).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("null"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        return ((RAST.__default.Ptr).FSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("null"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsMultiArray() {
+      RAST._IType _0_t = (this).Expand();
+      return ((_0_t).is_TypeApp) && (Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IType, bool>((_0_t).dtor_baseName, _pat_let10_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IType, bool>(_pat_let10_0, _1_baseName => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType>, bool>((_0_t).dtor_arguments, _pat_let11_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType>, bool>(_pat_let11_0, _2_args => ((((((new BigInteger((_2_args).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) && ((_1_baseName).is_TypeFromPath)) && (((_1_baseName).dtor_path).is_PMemberSelect)) && (object.Equals(((_1_baseName).dtor_path).dtor_base, RAST.__default.dafny__runtime))) && ((new BigInteger((((_1_baseName).dtor_path).dtor_name).Count)) >= (new BigInteger(5)))) && (((((_1_baseName).dtor_path).dtor_name).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, new BigInteger(5))).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Array"))))))));
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> MultiArrayClass() {
+      return ((((this).Expand()).dtor_baseName).dtor_path).dtor_name;
+    }
+    public RAST._IType MultiArrayUnderlying() {
+      return (((this).Expand()).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+    }
+    public RAST._IType TypeAtInitialization() {
+      if ((this).IsObjectOrPointer()) {
+        RAST._IType _0_s = (this).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying();
+        if (((_0_s).is_Array) && (((_0_s).dtor_size).is_None)) {
+          RAST._IType _1_newUnderlying = RAST.Type.create_Array(RAST.__default.MaybeUninitType((_0_s).dtor_underlying), Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None());
+          if ((this).IsObject()) {
+            return RAST.__default.ObjectType(_1_newUnderlying);
+          } else {
+            return RAST.__default.PtrType(_1_newUnderlying);
+          }
+        } else if ((_0_s).IsMultiArray()) {
+          RAST._IType _2_newUnderlying = RAST.Type.create_TypeApp(((_0_s).Expand()).dtor_baseName, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(RAST.__default.MaybeUninitType((((_0_s).Expand()).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero))));
+          if ((this).IsObject()) {
+            return RAST.__default.ObjectType(_2_newUnderlying);
+          } else {
+            return RAST.__default.PtrType(_2_newUnderlying);
+          }
+        } else {
+          return this;
+        }
+      } else {
+        return this;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsMaybeUninit() {
+      return ((((this).is_TypeApp) && (((this).dtor_baseName).is_TypeFromPath)) && (object.Equals(((this).dtor_baseName).dtor_path, RAST.__default.MaybeUninitPath))) && ((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_arguments).Count)) == (BigInteger.One));
+    }
+    public bool IsUninitArray() {
+      if ((this).IsObjectOrPointer()) {
+        RAST._IType _0_s = ((this).ObjectOrPointerUnderlying()).Expand();
+        if (((_0_s).is_Array) && (((_0_s).dtor_size).is_None)) {
+          return ((_0_s).dtor_underlying).IsMaybeUninit();
+        } else if ((_0_s).IsMultiArray()) {
+          return (((_0_s).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).IsMaybeUninit();
+        } else {
+          return false;
+        }
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsObject() {
+      RAST._IType _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeApp) {
+          RAST._IType baseName0 = _source0.dtor_baseName;
+          if (baseName0.is_TypeFromPath) {
+            RAST._IPath _0_o = baseName0.dtor_path;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1_elems1 = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+            return (object.Equals(_0_o, RAST.__default.ObjectPath)) && ((new BigInteger((_1_elems1).Count)) == (BigInteger.One));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsPointer() {
+      RAST._IType _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeApp) {
+          RAST._IType baseName0 = _source0.dtor_baseName;
+          if (baseName0.is_TypeFromPath) {
+            RAST._IPath _0_o = baseName0.dtor_path;
+            Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1_elems1 = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+            return (object.Equals(_0_o, RAST.__default.PtrPath)) && ((new BigInteger((_1_elems1).Count)) == (BigInteger.One));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsObjectOrPointer()
+    {
+      bool _hresult = false;
+      RAST._IType _0_t;
+      _0_t = (this).Expand();
+      _hresult = ((_0_t).IsPointer()) || ((_0_t).IsObject());
+      return _hresult;
+      return _hresult;
+    }
+    public RAST._IType ObjectOrPointerUnderlying() {
+      RAST._IType _source0 = (this).Expand();
+      {
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _0_elems1 = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+        return (_0_elems1).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsBuiltinCollection() {
+      RAST._IType _source0 = (this).Expand();
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeApp) {
+          RAST._IType baseName0 = _source0.dtor_baseName;
+          if (baseName0.is_TypeFromPath) {
+            RAST._IPath path0 = baseName0.dtor_path;
+            if (path0.is_PMemberSelect) {
+              RAST._IPath base0 = path0.dtor_base;
+              if (base0.is_PMemberSelect) {
+                RAST._IPath base1 = base0.dtor_base;
+                if (base1.is_Global) {
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name0 = base0.dtor_name;
+                  if (object.Equals(name0, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("dafny_runtime"))) {
+                    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_tpe = path0.dtor_name;
+                    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1_elems1 = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+                    return (((((_0_tpe).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Set"))) || ((_0_tpe).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Sequence")))) || ((_0_tpe).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Multiset")))) && ((new BigInteger((_1_elems1).Count)) == (BigInteger.One))) || (((_0_tpe).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Map"))) && ((new BigInteger((_1_elems1).Count)) == (new BigInteger(2))));
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType GetBuiltinCollectionElement() {
+      RAST._IType _source0 = (this).Expand();
+      {
+        RAST._IType baseName0 = _source0.dtor_baseName;
+        RAST._IPath path0 = baseName0.dtor_path;
+        RAST._IPath base0 = path0.dtor_base;
+        RAST._IPath base1 = base0.dtor_base;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name0 = base0.dtor_name;
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_tpe = path0.dtor_name;
+        Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _1_elems = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+        if ((_0_tpe).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Map"))) {
+          return (_1_elems).Select(BigInteger.One);
+        } else {
+          return (_1_elems).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    public bool IsRc() {
+      return (((this).is_TypeApp) && (object.Equals((this).dtor_baseName, RAST.__default.RcType))) && ((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_arguments).Count)) == (BigInteger.One));
+    }
+    public RAST._IType RcUnderlying() {
+      return ((this).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_U8 : Type {
+    public Type_U8() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_U8();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_U8;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.U8";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_U16 : Type {
+    public Type_U16() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_U16();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_U16;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.U16";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_U32 : Type {
+    public Type_U32() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_U32();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_U32;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.U32";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_U64 : Type {
+    public Type_U64() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_U64();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_U64;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.U64";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_U128 : Type {
+    public Type_U128() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_U128();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_U128;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.U128";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_I8 : Type {
+    public Type_I8() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_I8();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_I8;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.I8";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_I16 : Type {
+    public Type_I16() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_I16();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_I16;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.I16";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_I32 : Type {
+    public Type_I32() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_I32();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_I32;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.I32";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_I64 : Type {
+    public Type_I64() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_I64();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_I64;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.I64";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_I128 : Type {
+    public Type_I128() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_I128();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_I128;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.I128";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Bool : Type {
+    public Type_Bool() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Bool();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_Bool;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.Bool";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_TIdentifier : Type {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public Type_TIdentifier(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) : base() {
+      this._name = name;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_TIdentifier(_name);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_TIdentifier;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.TIdentifier";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_TypeFromPath : Type {
+    public readonly RAST._IPath _path;
+    public Type_TypeFromPath(RAST._IPath path) : base() {
+      this._path = path;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_TypeFromPath(_path);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_TypeFromPath;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._path, oth._path);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 12;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._path));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.TypeFromPath";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._path);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_TypeApp : Type {
+    public readonly RAST._IType _baseName;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _arguments;
+    public Type_TypeApp(RAST._IType baseName, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> arguments) : base() {
+      this._baseName = baseName;
+      this._arguments = arguments;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_TypeApp(_baseName, _arguments);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_TypeApp;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._baseName, oth._baseName) && object.Equals(this._arguments, oth._arguments);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 13;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._baseName));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._arguments));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.TypeApp";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._baseName);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._arguments);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Borrowed : Type {
+    public readonly RAST._IType _underlying;
+    public Type_Borrowed(RAST._IType underlying) : base() {
+      this._underlying = underlying;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Borrowed(_underlying);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_Borrowed;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 14;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.Borrowed";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_BorrowedMut : Type {
+    public readonly RAST._IType _underlying;
+    public Type_BorrowedMut(RAST._IType underlying) : base() {
+      this._underlying = underlying;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_BorrowedMut(_underlying);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_BorrowedMut;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 15;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.BorrowedMut";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_ImplType : Type {
+    public readonly RAST._IType _underlying;
+    public Type_ImplType(RAST._IType underlying) : base() {
+      this._underlying = underlying;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_ImplType(_underlying);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_ImplType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 16;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.ImplType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_DynType : Type {
+    public readonly RAST._IType _underlying;
+    public Type_DynType(RAST._IType underlying) : base() {
+      this._underlying = underlying;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_DynType(_underlying);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_DynType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 17;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.DynType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_TupleType : Type {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _arguments;
+    public Type_TupleType(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> arguments) : base() {
+      this._arguments = arguments;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_TupleType(_arguments);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_TupleType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._arguments, oth._arguments);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 18;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._arguments));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.TupleType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._arguments);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_FnType : Type {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _arguments;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _returnType;
+    public Type_FnType(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> arguments, RAST._IType returnType) : base() {
+      this._arguments = arguments;
+      this._returnType = returnType;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_FnType(_arguments, _returnType);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_FnType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._arguments, oth._arguments) && object.Equals(this._returnType, oth._returnType);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 19;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._arguments));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._returnType));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.FnType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._arguments);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._returnType);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_IntersectionType : Type {
+    public readonly RAST._IType _left;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _right;
+    public Type_IntersectionType(RAST._IType left, RAST._IType right) : base() {
+      this._left = left;
+      this._right = right;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_IntersectionType(_left, _right);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_IntersectionType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._left, oth._left) && object.Equals(this._right, oth._right);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 20;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._left));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._right));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.IntersectionType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._left);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._right);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_Array : Type {
+    public readonly RAST._IType _underlying;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _size;
+    public Type_Array(RAST._IType underlying, Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> size) : base() {
+      this._underlying = underlying;
+      this._size = size;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_Array(_underlying, _size);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_Array;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying) && object.Equals(this._size, oth._size);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 21;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._size));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.Array";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._size);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Type_TSynonym : Type {
+    public readonly RAST._IType _display;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _base;
+    public Type_TSynonym(RAST._IType display, RAST._IType @base) : base() {
+      this._display = display;
+      this._base = @base;
+    }
+    public override _IType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Type_TSynonym(_display, _base);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Type_TSynonym;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._display, oth._display) && object.Equals(this._base, oth._base);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 22;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._display));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._base));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Type.TSynonym";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._display);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._base);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _ITrait {
+    bool is_Trait { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_tpe { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> dtor_parents { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> dtor_body { get; }
+    _ITrait DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class Trait : _ITrait {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _parents;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _body;
+    public Trait(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> parents, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) {
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._tpe = tpe;
+      this._parents = parents;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public _ITrait DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _ITrait dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Trait(_typeParams, _tpe, _parents, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Trait;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe) && object.Equals(this._parents, oth._parents) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._parents));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Trait.Trait";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._parents);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._ITrait theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Empty, RAST.Type.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Empty);
+    public static RAST._ITrait Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITrait> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITrait>(RAST.Trait.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._ITrait> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _ITrait create(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> parents, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) {
+      return new Trait(typeParams, tpe, parents, body);
+    }
+    public static _ITrait create_Trait(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> parents, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) {
+      return create(typeParams, tpe, parents, body);
+    }
+    public bool is_Trait { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_tpe {
+      get {
+        return this._tpe;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> dtor_parents {
+      get {
+        return this._parents;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        return this._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _0_tpConstraints = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Filter<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>(((System.Func<RAST._ITypeParamDecl, bool>)((_1_typeParamDecl) => {
+        return (new BigInteger(((_1_typeParamDecl).dtor_constraints).Count)).Sign == 1;
+      })), (this).dtor_typeParams);
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2_additionalConstraints = RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>(_0_tpConstraints, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._ITypeParamDecl, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_3_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._ITypeParamDecl, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_4_t) => {
+        return (_4_t)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_3_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(",\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND));
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _5_parents = (((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_parents).Count)).Sign == 0) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": "), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IType>((this).dtor_parents, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_6_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_7_t) => {
+        return (_7_t)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_6_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" + ")))));
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _8_where = (((_2_additionalConstraints).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("where\n")), ind), RAST.__default.IND), _2_additionalConstraints)));
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub trait "), ((this).dtor_tpe)._ToString(ind)), _5_parents), _8_where), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IImplMember>((this).dtor_body, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IImplMember, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_9_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IImplMember, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_10_member) => {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _9_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_10_member)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_9_ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
+      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), (((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_body).Count)).Sign == 0) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind)))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IImpl {
+    bool is_ImplFor { get; }
+    bool is_Impl { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_tpe { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_forType { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_where { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> dtor_body { get; }
+    _IImpl DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public abstract class Impl : _IImpl {
+    public Impl() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IImpl theDefault = create_ImplFor(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Empty, RAST.Type.Default(), RAST.Type.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IImplMember>.Empty);
+    public static RAST._IImpl Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImpl> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImpl>(RAST.Impl.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImpl> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IImpl create_ImplFor(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, RAST._IType forType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) {
+      return new Impl_ImplFor(typeParams, tpe, forType, @where, body);
+    }
+    public static _IImpl create_Impl(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) {
+      return new Impl_Impl(typeParams, tpe, @where, body);
+    }
+    public bool is_ImplFor { get { return this is Impl_ImplFor; } }
+    public bool is_Impl { get { return this is Impl_Impl; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Impl_ImplFor) { return ((Impl_ImplFor)d)._typeParams; }
+        return ((Impl_Impl)d)._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_tpe {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Impl_ImplFor) { return ((Impl_ImplFor)d)._tpe; }
+        return ((Impl_Impl)d)._tpe;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_forType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Impl_ImplFor)d)._forType;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_where {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Impl_ImplFor) { return ((Impl_ImplFor)d)._where; }
+        return ((Impl_Impl)d)._where;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Impl_ImplFor) { return ((Impl_ImplFor)d)._body; }
+        return ((Impl_Impl)d)._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IImpl DowncastClone();
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("impl"), RAST.TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_typeParams, ind)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" ")), ((this).dtor_tpe)._ToString(ind)), (((this).is_ImplFor) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("for ")), ((this).dtor_forType)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), ((!((this).dtor_where).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (this).dtor_where)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IImplMember>((this).dtor_body, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IImplMember, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_0_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IImplMember, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_1_member) => {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _0_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_1_member)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0_ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
+      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), (((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_body).Count)).Sign == 0) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind)))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+    }
+  }
+  public class Impl_ImplFor : Impl {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _forType;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _where;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _body;
+    public Impl_ImplFor(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, RAST._IType forType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) : base() {
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._tpe = tpe;
+      this._forType = forType;
+      this._where = @where;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public override _IImpl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IImpl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Impl_ImplFor(_typeParams, _tpe, _forType, _where, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Impl_ImplFor;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe) && object.Equals(this._forType, oth._forType) && object.Equals(this._where, oth._where) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._forType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._where));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Impl.ImplFor";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._forType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._where.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Impl_Impl : Impl {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _where;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> _body;
+    public Impl_Impl(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, RAST._IType tpe, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IImplMember> body) : base() {
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._tpe = tpe;
+      this._where = @where;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public override _IImpl DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IImpl dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Impl_Impl(_typeParams, _tpe, _where, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Impl_Impl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe) && object.Equals(this._where, oth._where) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._where));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Impl.Impl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._where.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IImplMember {
+    bool is_RawImplMember { get; }
+    bool is_FnDecl { get; }
+    bool is_ImplMemberMacro { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content { get; }
+    RAST._IVisibility dtor_pub { get; }
+    RAST._IFn dtor_fun { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_expr { get; }
+    _IImplMember DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public abstract class ImplMember : _IImplMember {
+    public ImplMember() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IImplMember theDefault = create_RawImplMember(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static RAST._IImplMember Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImplMember> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImplMember>(RAST.ImplMember.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IImplMember> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IImplMember create_RawImplMember(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
+      return new ImplMember_RawImplMember(content);
+    }
+    public static _IImplMember create_FnDecl(RAST._IVisibility pub, RAST._IFn fun) {
+      return new ImplMember_FnDecl(pub, fun);
+    }
+    public static _IImplMember create_ImplMemberMacro(RAST._IExpr expr) {
+      return new ImplMember_ImplMemberMacro(expr);
+    }
+    public bool is_RawImplMember { get { return this is ImplMember_RawImplMember; } }
+    public bool is_FnDecl { get { return this is ImplMember_FnDecl; } }
+    public bool is_ImplMemberMacro { get { return this is ImplMember_ImplMemberMacro; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ImplMember_RawImplMember)d)._content;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IVisibility dtor_pub {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ImplMember_FnDecl)d)._pub;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IFn dtor_fun {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ImplMember_FnDecl)d)._fun;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_expr {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((ImplMember_ImplMemberMacro)d)._expr;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IImplMember DowncastClone();
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      if ((this).is_FnDecl) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((this).dtor_pub)._ToString(), ((this).dtor_fun)._ToString(ind));
+      } else if ((this).is_ImplMemberMacro) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((this).dtor_expr)._ToString(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
+      } else {
+        return (this).dtor_content;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class ImplMember_RawImplMember : ImplMember {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _content;
+    public ImplMember_RawImplMember(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) : base() {
+      this._content = content;
+    }
+    public override _IImplMember DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IImplMember dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ImplMember_RawImplMember(_content);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ImplMember_RawImplMember;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._content, oth._content);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._content));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ImplMember.RawImplMember";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._content.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ImplMember_FnDecl : ImplMember {
+    public readonly RAST._IVisibility _pub;
+    public readonly RAST._IFn _fun;
+    public ImplMember_FnDecl(RAST._IVisibility pub, RAST._IFn fun) : base() {
+      this._pub = pub;
+      this._fun = fun;
+    }
+    public override _IImplMember DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IImplMember dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ImplMember_FnDecl(_pub, _fun);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ImplMember_FnDecl;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._pub, oth._pub) && object.Equals(this._fun, oth._fun);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._pub));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._fun));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ImplMember.FnDecl";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._pub);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._fun);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class ImplMember_ImplMemberMacro : ImplMember {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _expr;
+    public ImplMember_ImplMemberMacro(RAST._IExpr expr) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+    }
+    public override _IImplMember DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IImplMember dt) { return dt; }
+      return new ImplMember_ImplMemberMacro(_expr);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.ImplMember_ImplMemberMacro;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.ImplMember.ImplMemberMacro";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IVisibility {
+    bool is_PUB { get; }
+    bool is_PRIV { get; }
+    _IVisibility DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString();
+  }
+  public abstract class Visibility : _IVisibility {
+    public Visibility() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IVisibility theDefault = create_PUB();
+    public static RAST._IVisibility Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IVisibility> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IVisibility>(RAST.Visibility.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IVisibility> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IVisibility create_PUB() {
+      return new Visibility_PUB();
+    }
+    public static _IVisibility create_PRIV() {
+      return new Visibility_PRIV();
+    }
+    public bool is_PUB { get { return this is Visibility_PUB; } }
+    public bool is_PRIV { get { return this is Visibility_PRIV; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IVisibility> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return Visibility.create_PUB();
+        yield return Visibility.create_PRIV();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IVisibility DowncastClone();
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString() {
+      if ((this).is_PUB) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("pub ");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class Visibility_PUB : Visibility {
+    public Visibility_PUB() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IVisibility DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IVisibility dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Visibility_PUB();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Visibility_PUB;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Visibility.PUB";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Visibility_PRIV : Visibility {
+    public Visibility_PRIV() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IVisibility DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IVisibility dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Visibility_PRIV();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Visibility_PRIV;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Visibility.PRIV";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IFormal {
+    bool is_Formal { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_tpe { get; }
+    _IFormal DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class Formal : _IFormal {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
+    public Formal(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._tpe = tpe;
+    }
+    public _IFormal DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IFormal dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Formal(_name, _tpe);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Formal;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Formal.Formal";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IFormal theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, RAST.Type.Default());
+    public static RAST._IFormal Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFormal> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFormal>(RAST.Formal.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFormal> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IFormal create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe) {
+      return new Formal(name, tpe);
+    }
+    public static _IFormal create_Formal(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IType tpe) {
+      return create(name, tpe);
+    }
+    public bool is_Formal { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_tpe {
+      get {
+        return this._tpe;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      if ((((this).dtor_name).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"))) && (object.Equals((this).dtor_tpe, RAST.__default.SelfOwned))) {
+        return (this).dtor_name;
+      } else if ((((this).dtor_name).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"))) && (object.Equals((this).dtor_tpe, RAST.__default.SelfBorrowed))) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"), (this).dtor_name);
+      } else if ((((this).dtor_name).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"))) && (object.Equals((this).dtor_tpe, RAST.__default.SelfBorrowedMut))) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut "), (this).dtor_name);
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((this).dtor_name, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), ((this).dtor_tpe)._ToString(ind));
+      }
+    }
+    public static RAST._IFormal selfBorrowed { get {
+      return RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"), RAST.__default.SelfBorrowed);
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IFormal selfOwned { get {
+      return RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"), RAST.__default.SelfOwned);
+    } }
+    public static RAST._IFormal selfBorrowedMut { get {
+      return RAST.Formal.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("self"), RAST.__default.SelfBorrowedMut);
+    } }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IPattern {
+    bool is_RawPattern { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content { get; }
+  }
+  public class Pattern : _IPattern {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _content;
+    public Pattern(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
+      this._content = content;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DowncastClone(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this) {
+      return _this;
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Pattern;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._content, oth._content);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._content));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Pattern.RawPattern";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._content.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> theDefault = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IPattern create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
+      return new Pattern(content);
+    }
+    public static _IPattern create_RawPattern(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
+      return create(content);
+    }
+    public bool is_RawPattern { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content {
+      get {
+        return this._content;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _this, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return (_this);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IMatchCase {
+    bool is_MatchCase { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_pattern { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs { get; }
+    _IMatchCase DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class MatchCase : _IMatchCase {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _pattern;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _rhs;
+    public MatchCase(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> pattern, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
+      this._pattern = pattern;
+      this._rhs = rhs;
+    }
+    public _IMatchCase DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IMatchCase dt) { return dt; }
+      return new MatchCase(_pattern, _rhs);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.MatchCase;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._pattern, oth._pattern) && object.Equals(this._rhs, oth._rhs);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._pattern));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._rhs));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.MatchCase.MatchCase";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._pattern);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._rhs);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IMatchCase theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, RAST.Expr.Default());
+    public static RAST._IMatchCase Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMatchCase> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMatchCase>(RAST.MatchCase.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IMatchCase> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IMatchCase create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> pattern, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
+      return new MatchCase(pattern, rhs);
+    }
+    public static _IMatchCase create_MatchCase(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> pattern, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
+      return create(pattern, rhs);
+    }
+    public bool is_MatchCase { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_pattern {
+      get {
+        return this._pattern;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs {
+      get {
+        return this._rhs;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_newIndent = ((((this).dtor_rhs).is_Block) ? (ind) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_rhsString = ((this).dtor_rhs)._ToString(_0_newIndent);
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Pattern._ToString((this).dtor_pattern, ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" =>")), ((((_1_rhsString).Contains(new Dafny.Rune('\n'))) && (((_1_rhsString).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) != (new Dafny.Rune('{')))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), _1_rhsString)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "), _1_rhsString))));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IAssignIdentifier {
+    bool is_AssignIdentifier { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_identifier { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs { get; }
+    _IAssignIdentifier DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class AssignIdentifier : _IAssignIdentifier {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _identifier;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _rhs;
+    public AssignIdentifier(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> identifier, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
+      this._identifier = identifier;
+      this._rhs = rhs;
+    }
+    public _IAssignIdentifier DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssignIdentifier dt) { return dt; }
+      return new AssignIdentifier(_identifier, _rhs);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.AssignIdentifier;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._identifier, oth._identifier) && object.Equals(this._rhs, oth._rhs);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._identifier));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._rhs));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.AssignIdentifier.AssignIdentifier";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._identifier.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._rhs);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IAssignIdentifier theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, RAST.Expr.Default());
+    public static RAST._IAssignIdentifier Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>(RAST.AssignIdentifier.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IAssignIdentifier create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> identifier, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
+      return new AssignIdentifier(identifier, rhs);
+    }
+    public static _IAssignIdentifier create_AssignIdentifier(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> identifier, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
+      return create(identifier, rhs);
+    }
+    public bool is_AssignIdentifier { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_identifier {
+      get {
+        return this._identifier;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs {
+      get {
+        return this._rhs;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((this).dtor_identifier, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), ((this).dtor_rhs)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IDeclareType {
+    bool is_MUT { get; }
+    bool is_CONST { get; }
+    _IDeclareType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class DeclareType : _IDeclareType {
+    public DeclareType() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IDeclareType theDefault = create_MUT();
+    public static RAST._IDeclareType Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IDeclareType> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IDeclareType>(RAST.DeclareType.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IDeclareType> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IDeclareType create_MUT() {
+      return new DeclareType_MUT();
+    }
+    public static _IDeclareType create_CONST() {
+      return new DeclareType_CONST();
+    }
+    public bool is_MUT { get { return this is DeclareType_MUT; } }
+    public bool is_CONST { get { return this is DeclareType_CONST; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IDeclareType> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return DeclareType.create_MUT();
+        yield return DeclareType.create_CONST();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IDeclareType DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class DeclareType_MUT : DeclareType {
+    public DeclareType_MUT() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IDeclareType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IDeclareType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new DeclareType_MUT();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.DeclareType_MUT;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.DeclareType.MUT";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class DeclareType_CONST : DeclareType {
+    public DeclareType_CONST() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IDeclareType DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IDeclareType dt) { return dt; }
+      return new DeclareType_CONST();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.DeclareType_CONST;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.DeclareType.CONST";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IAssociativity {
+    bool is_LeftToRight { get; }
+    bool is_RightToLeft { get; }
+    bool is_RequiresParentheses { get; }
+    _IAssociativity DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class Associativity : _IAssociativity {
+    public Associativity() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IAssociativity theDefault = create_LeftToRight();
+    public static RAST._IAssociativity Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssociativity> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssociativity>(RAST.Associativity.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssociativity> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IAssociativity create_LeftToRight() {
+      return new Associativity_LeftToRight();
+    }
+    public static _IAssociativity create_RightToLeft() {
+      return new Associativity_RightToLeft();
+    }
+    public static _IAssociativity create_RequiresParentheses() {
+      return new Associativity_RequiresParentheses();
+    }
+    public bool is_LeftToRight { get { return this is Associativity_LeftToRight; } }
+    public bool is_RightToLeft { get { return this is Associativity_RightToLeft; } }
+    public bool is_RequiresParentheses { get { return this is Associativity_RequiresParentheses; } }
+    public static System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<_IAssociativity> AllSingletonConstructors {
+      get {
+        yield return Associativity.create_LeftToRight();
+        yield return Associativity.create_RightToLeft();
+        yield return Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses();
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IAssociativity DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class Associativity_LeftToRight : Associativity {
+    public Associativity_LeftToRight() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IAssociativity DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssociativity dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Associativity_LeftToRight();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Associativity_LeftToRight;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Associativity.LeftToRight";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Associativity_RightToLeft : Associativity {
+    public Associativity_RightToLeft() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IAssociativity DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssociativity dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Associativity_RightToLeft();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Associativity_RightToLeft;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Associativity.RightToLeft";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Associativity_RequiresParentheses : Associativity {
+    public Associativity_RequiresParentheses() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IAssociativity DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssociativity dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Associativity_RequiresParentheses();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Associativity_RequiresParentheses;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Associativity.RequiresParentheses";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IPrintingInfo {
+    bool is_UnknownPrecedence { get; }
+    bool is_Precedence { get; }
+    bool is_SuffixPrecedence { get; }
+    bool is_PrecedenceAssociativity { get; }
+    BigInteger dtor_precedence { get; }
+    RAST._IAssociativity dtor_associativity { get; }
+    _IPrintingInfo DowncastClone();
+    bool NeedParenthesesFor(RAST._IPrintingInfo underlying);
+    bool NeedParenthesesForLeft(RAST._IPrintingInfo underlying);
+    bool NeedParenthesesForRight(RAST._IPrintingInfo underlying);
+  }
+  public abstract class PrintingInfo : _IPrintingInfo {
+    public PrintingInfo() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IPrintingInfo theDefault = create_UnknownPrecedence();
+    public static RAST._IPrintingInfo Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IPrintingInfo> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IPrintingInfo>(RAST.PrintingInfo.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IPrintingInfo> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IPrintingInfo create_UnknownPrecedence() {
+      return new PrintingInfo_UnknownPrecedence();
+    }
+    public static _IPrintingInfo create_Precedence(BigInteger precedence) {
+      return new PrintingInfo_Precedence(precedence);
+    }
+    public static _IPrintingInfo create_SuffixPrecedence(BigInteger precedence) {
+      return new PrintingInfo_SuffixPrecedence(precedence);
+    }
+    public static _IPrintingInfo create_PrecedenceAssociativity(BigInteger precedence, RAST._IAssociativity associativity) {
+      return new PrintingInfo_PrecedenceAssociativity(precedence, associativity);
+    }
+    public bool is_UnknownPrecedence { get { return this is PrintingInfo_UnknownPrecedence; } }
+    public bool is_Precedence { get { return this is PrintingInfo_Precedence; } }
+    public bool is_SuffixPrecedence { get { return this is PrintingInfo_SuffixPrecedence; } }
+    public bool is_PrecedenceAssociativity { get { return this is PrintingInfo_PrecedenceAssociativity; } }
+    public BigInteger dtor_precedence {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is PrintingInfo_Precedence) { return ((PrintingInfo_Precedence)d)._precedence; }
+        if (d is PrintingInfo_SuffixPrecedence) { return ((PrintingInfo_SuffixPrecedence)d)._precedence; }
+        return ((PrintingInfo_PrecedenceAssociativity)d)._precedence;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IAssociativity dtor_associativity {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((PrintingInfo_PrecedenceAssociativity)d)._associativity;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IPrintingInfo DowncastClone();
+    public bool NeedParenthesesFor(RAST._IPrintingInfo underlying) {
+      if ((this).is_UnknownPrecedence) {
+        return true;
+      } else if ((underlying).is_UnknownPrecedence) {
+        return true;
+      } else if (((this).dtor_precedence) <= ((underlying).dtor_precedence)) {
+        return true;
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool NeedParenthesesForLeft(RAST._IPrintingInfo underlying) {
+      if ((this).is_UnknownPrecedence) {
+        return true;
+      } else if ((underlying).is_UnknownPrecedence) {
+        return true;
+      } else if (((this).dtor_precedence) <= ((underlying).dtor_precedence)) {
+        return ((((this).dtor_precedence) < ((underlying).dtor_precedence)) || (!((this).is_PrecedenceAssociativity))) || (!(((this).dtor_associativity).is_LeftToRight));
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool NeedParenthesesForRight(RAST._IPrintingInfo underlying) {
+      if ((this).is_UnknownPrecedence) {
+        return true;
+      } else if ((underlying).is_UnknownPrecedence) {
+        return true;
+      } else if (((this).dtor_precedence) <= ((underlying).dtor_precedence)) {
+        return ((((this).dtor_precedence) < ((underlying).dtor_precedence)) || (!((this).is_PrecedenceAssociativity))) || (!(((this).dtor_associativity).is_RightToLeft));
+      } else {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class PrintingInfo_UnknownPrecedence : PrintingInfo {
+    public PrintingInfo_UnknownPrecedence() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IPrintingInfo DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPrintingInfo dt) { return dt; }
+      return new PrintingInfo_UnknownPrecedence();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.PrintingInfo_UnknownPrecedence;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.PrintingInfo.UnknownPrecedence";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class PrintingInfo_Precedence : PrintingInfo {
+    public readonly BigInteger _precedence;
+    public PrintingInfo_Precedence(BigInteger precedence) : base() {
+      this._precedence = precedence;
+    }
+    public override _IPrintingInfo DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPrintingInfo dt) { return dt; }
+      return new PrintingInfo_Precedence(_precedence);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.PrintingInfo_Precedence;
+      return oth != null && this._precedence == oth._precedence;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._precedence));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.PrintingInfo.Precedence";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._precedence);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class PrintingInfo_SuffixPrecedence : PrintingInfo {
+    public readonly BigInteger _precedence;
+    public PrintingInfo_SuffixPrecedence(BigInteger precedence) : base() {
+      this._precedence = precedence;
+    }
+    public override _IPrintingInfo DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPrintingInfo dt) { return dt; }
+      return new PrintingInfo_SuffixPrecedence(_precedence);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.PrintingInfo_SuffixPrecedence;
+      return oth != null && this._precedence == oth._precedence;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._precedence));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.PrintingInfo.SuffixPrecedence";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._precedence);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class PrintingInfo_PrecedenceAssociativity : PrintingInfo {
+    public readonly BigInteger _precedence;
+    public readonly RAST._IAssociativity _associativity;
+    public PrintingInfo_PrecedenceAssociativity(BigInteger precedence, RAST._IAssociativity associativity) : base() {
+      this._precedence = precedence;
+      this._associativity = associativity;
+    }
+    public override _IPrintingInfo DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IPrintingInfo dt) { return dt; }
+      return new PrintingInfo_PrecedenceAssociativity(_precedence, _associativity);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.PrintingInfo_PrecedenceAssociativity;
+      return oth != null && this._precedence == oth._precedence && object.Equals(this._associativity, oth._associativity);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._precedence));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._associativity));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.PrintingInfo.PrecedenceAssociativity";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._precedence);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._associativity);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IAssignLhs {
+    bool is_LocalVar { get; }
+    bool is_SelectMember { get; }
+    bool is_ExtractTuple { get; }
+    bool is_Index { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_on { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_field { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_names { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_expr { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> dtor_indices { get; }
+    _IAssignLhs DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public abstract class AssignLhs : _IAssignLhs {
+    public AssignLhs() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IAssignLhs theDefault = create_LocalVar(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static RAST._IAssignLhs Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssignLhs> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssignLhs>(RAST.AssignLhs.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IAssignLhs> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IAssignLhs create_LocalVar(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return new AssignLhs_LocalVar(name);
+    }
+    public static _IAssignLhs create_SelectMember(RAST._IExpr @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field) {
+      return new AssignLhs_SelectMember(@on, field);
+    }
+    public static _IAssignLhs create_ExtractTuple(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> names) {
+      return new AssignLhs_ExtractTuple(names);
+    }
+    public static _IAssignLhs create_Index(RAST._IExpr expr, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> indices) {
+      return new AssignLhs_Index(expr, indices);
+    }
+    public bool is_LocalVar { get { return this is AssignLhs_LocalVar; } }
+    public bool is_SelectMember { get { return this is AssignLhs_SelectMember; } }
+    public bool is_ExtractTuple { get { return this is AssignLhs_ExtractTuple; } }
+    public bool is_Index { get { return this is AssignLhs_Index; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((AssignLhs_LocalVar)d)._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_on {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((AssignLhs_SelectMember)d)._on;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_field {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((AssignLhs_SelectMember)d)._field;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_names {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((AssignLhs_ExtractTuple)d)._names;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_expr {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((AssignLhs_Index)d)._expr;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> dtor_indices {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((AssignLhs_Index)d)._indices;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IAssignLhs DowncastClone();
+  }
+  public class AssignLhs_LocalVar : AssignLhs {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public AssignLhs_LocalVar(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) : base() {
+      this._name = name;
+    }
+    public override _IAssignLhs DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssignLhs dt) { return dt; }
+      return new AssignLhs_LocalVar(_name);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.AssignLhs_LocalVar;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.AssignLhs.LocalVar";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class AssignLhs_SelectMember : AssignLhs {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _on;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _field;
+    public AssignLhs_SelectMember(RAST._IExpr @on, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> field) : base() {
+      this._on = @on;
+      this._field = field;
+    }
+    public override _IAssignLhs DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssignLhs dt) { return dt; }
+      return new AssignLhs_SelectMember(_on, _field);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.AssignLhs_SelectMember;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._on, oth._on) && object.Equals(this._field, oth._field);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._on));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._field));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.AssignLhs.SelectMember";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._on);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._field.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class AssignLhs_ExtractTuple : AssignLhs {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _names;
+    public AssignLhs_ExtractTuple(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> names) : base() {
+      this._names = names;
+    }
+    public override _IAssignLhs DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssignLhs dt) { return dt; }
+      return new AssignLhs_ExtractTuple(_names);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.AssignLhs_ExtractTuple;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._names, oth._names);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._names));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.AssignLhs.ExtractTuple";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._names);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class AssignLhs_Index : AssignLhs {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _expr;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _indices;
+    public AssignLhs_Index(RAST._IExpr expr, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> indices) : base() {
+      this._expr = expr;
+      this._indices = indices;
+    }
+    public override _IAssignLhs DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IAssignLhs dt) { return dt; }
+      return new AssignLhs_Index(_expr, _indices);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.AssignLhs_Index;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._expr, oth._expr) && object.Equals(this._indices, oth._indices);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._expr));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._indices));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.AssignLhs.Index";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._expr);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._indices);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IExpr {
+    bool is_RawExpr { get; }
+    bool is_ExprFromType { get; }
+    bool is_Identifier { get; }
+    bool is_Match { get; }
+    bool is_StmtExpr { get; }
+    bool is_Block { get; }
+    bool is_StructBuild { get; }
+    bool is_Tuple { get; }
+    bool is_UnaryOp { get; }
+    bool is_BinaryOp { get; }
+    bool is_TypeAscription { get; }
+    bool is_LiteralInt { get; }
+    bool is_LiteralBool { get; }
+    bool is_LiteralString { get; }
+    bool is_DeclareVar { get; }
+    bool is_Assign { get; }
+    bool is_IfExpr { get; }
+    bool is_Loop { get; }
+    bool is_For { get; }
+    bool is_Labelled { get; }
+    bool is_Break { get; }
+    bool is_Continue { get; }
+    bool is_Return { get; }
+    bool is_CallType { get; }
+    bool is_Call { get; }
+    bool is_Select { get; }
+    bool is_SelectIndex { get; }
+    bool is_ExprFromPath { get; }
+    bool is_FunctionSelect { get; }
+    bool is_Lambda { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content { get; }
+    RAST._IType dtor_tpe { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_matchee { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> dtor_cases { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_stmt { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_underlying { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> dtor_assignments { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> dtor_arguments { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_op1 { get; }
+    DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat dtor_format { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_op2 { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_left { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_right { get; }
+    DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat dtor_format2 { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_value { get; }
+    bool dtor_bvalue { get; }
+    bool dtor_binary { get; }
+    bool dtor_verbatim { get; }
+    RAST._IDeclareType dtor_declareType { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> dtor_optType { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> dtor_optRhs { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IAssignLhs> dtor_names { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_cond { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_thn { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_els { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> dtor_optCond { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_range { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_body { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_lbl { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_optLbl { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> dtor_optExpr { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr dtor_obj { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> dtor_typeParameters { get; }
+    RAST._IPath dtor_path { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> dtor_params { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> dtor_retType { get; }
+    _IExpr DowncastClone();
+    bool NoExtraSemicolonAfter();
+    RAST._IPrintingInfo printingInfo { get; }
+    RAST._IExpr Optimize();
+    bool LeftRequiresParentheses(RAST._IExpr left);
+    _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> LeftParentheses(RAST._IExpr left);
+    bool RightRequiresParentheses(RAST._IExpr right);
+    _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> RightParentheses(RAST._IExpr right);
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> RightMostIdentifier();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+    RAST._IExpr Then(RAST._IExpr rhs2);
+    RAST._IExpr Sel(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name);
+    RAST._IExpr FSel(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name);
+    RAST._IExpr ApplyType(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> typeParameters);
+    RAST._IExpr ApplyType1(RAST._IType typeParameter);
+    RAST._IExpr Apply(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> arguments);
+    RAST._IExpr Apply1(RAST._IExpr argument);
+    bool IsLhsIdentifier();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> LhsIdentifierName();
+    RAST._IExpr Clone();
+  }
+  public abstract class Expr : _IExpr {
+    public Expr() {
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IExpr theDefault = create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static RAST._IExpr Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IExpr> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IExpr>(RAST.Expr.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IExpr> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_RawExpr(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) {
+      return new Expr_RawExpr(content);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_ExprFromType(RAST._IType tpe) {
+      return new Expr_ExprFromType(tpe);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Identifier(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return new Expr_Identifier(name);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Match(RAST._IExpr matchee, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> cases) {
+      return new Expr_Match(matchee, cases);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_StmtExpr(RAST._IExpr stmt, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
+      return new Expr_StmtExpr(stmt, rhs);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Block(RAST._IExpr underlying) {
+      return new Expr_Block(underlying);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_StructBuild(RAST._IExpr underlying, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> assignments) {
+      return new Expr_StructBuild(underlying, assignments);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Tuple(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> arguments) {
+      return new Expr_Tuple(arguments);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_UnaryOp(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op1, RAST._IExpr underlying, DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat format) {
+      return new Expr_UnaryOp(op1, underlying, format);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_BinaryOp(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op2, RAST._IExpr left, RAST._IExpr right, DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat format2) {
+      return new Expr_BinaryOp(op2, left, right, format2);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_TypeAscription(RAST._IExpr left, RAST._IType tpe) {
+      return new Expr_TypeAscription(left, tpe);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_LiteralInt(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @value) {
+      return new Expr_LiteralInt(@value);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_LiteralBool(bool bvalue) {
+      return new Expr_LiteralBool(bvalue);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_LiteralString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @value, bool binary, bool verbatim) {
+      return new Expr_LiteralString(@value, binary, verbatim);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_DeclareVar(RAST._IDeclareType declareType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> optType, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> optRhs) {
+      return new Expr_DeclareVar(declareType, name, optType, optRhs);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Assign(Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IAssignLhs> names, RAST._IExpr rhs) {
+      return new Expr_Assign(names, rhs);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_IfExpr(RAST._IExpr cond, RAST._IExpr thn, RAST._IExpr els) {
+      return new Expr_IfExpr(cond, thn, els);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Loop(Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> optCond, RAST._IExpr underlying) {
+      return new Expr_Loop(optCond, underlying);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_For(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IExpr range, RAST._IExpr body) {
+      return new Expr_For(name, range, body);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Labelled(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> lbl, RAST._IExpr underlying) {
+      return new Expr_Labelled(lbl, underlying);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Break(Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> optLbl) {
+      return new Expr_Break(optLbl);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Continue(Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> optLbl) {
+      return new Expr_Continue(optLbl);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Return(Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> optExpr) {
+      return new Expr_Return(optExpr);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_CallType(RAST._IExpr obj, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> typeParameters) {
+      return new Expr_CallType(obj, typeParameters);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Call(RAST._IExpr obj, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> arguments) {
+      return new Expr_Call(obj, arguments);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Select(RAST._IExpr obj, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return new Expr_Select(obj, name);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_SelectIndex(RAST._IExpr obj, RAST._IExpr range) {
+      return new Expr_SelectIndex(obj, range);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_ExprFromPath(RAST._IPath path) {
+      return new Expr_ExprFromPath(path);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_FunctionSelect(RAST._IExpr obj, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return new Expr_FunctionSelect(obj, name);
+    }
+    public static _IExpr create_Lambda(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> @params, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> retType, RAST._IExpr body) {
+      return new Expr_Lambda(@params, retType, body);
+    }
+    public bool is_RawExpr { get { return this is Expr_RawExpr; } }
+    public bool is_ExprFromType { get { return this is Expr_ExprFromType; } }
+    public bool is_Identifier { get { return this is Expr_Identifier; } }
+    public bool is_Match { get { return this is Expr_Match; } }
+    public bool is_StmtExpr { get { return this is Expr_StmtExpr; } }
+    public bool is_Block { get { return this is Expr_Block; } }
+    public bool is_StructBuild { get { return this is Expr_StructBuild; } }
+    public bool is_Tuple { get { return this is Expr_Tuple; } }
+    public bool is_UnaryOp { get { return this is Expr_UnaryOp; } }
+    public bool is_BinaryOp { get { return this is Expr_BinaryOp; } }
+    public bool is_TypeAscription { get { return this is Expr_TypeAscription; } }
+    public bool is_LiteralInt { get { return this is Expr_LiteralInt; } }
+    public bool is_LiteralBool { get { return this is Expr_LiteralBool; } }
+    public bool is_LiteralString { get { return this is Expr_LiteralString; } }
+    public bool is_DeclareVar { get { return this is Expr_DeclareVar; } }
+    public bool is_Assign { get { return this is Expr_Assign; } }
+    public bool is_IfExpr { get { return this is Expr_IfExpr; } }
+    public bool is_Loop { get { return this is Expr_Loop; } }
+    public bool is_For { get { return this is Expr_For; } }
+    public bool is_Labelled { get { return this is Expr_Labelled; } }
+    public bool is_Break { get { return this is Expr_Break; } }
+    public bool is_Continue { get { return this is Expr_Continue; } }
+    public bool is_Return { get { return this is Expr_Return; } }
+    public bool is_CallType { get { return this is Expr_CallType; } }
+    public bool is_Call { get { return this is Expr_Call; } }
+    public bool is_Select { get { return this is Expr_Select; } }
+    public bool is_SelectIndex { get { return this is Expr_SelectIndex; } }
+    public bool is_ExprFromPath { get { return this is Expr_ExprFromPath; } }
+    public bool is_FunctionSelect { get { return this is Expr_FunctionSelect; } }
+    public bool is_Lambda { get { return this is Expr_Lambda; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_content {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_RawExpr)d)._content;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IType dtor_tpe {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_ExprFromType) { return ((Expr_ExprFromType)d)._tpe; }
+        return ((Expr_TypeAscription)d)._tpe;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_Identifier) { return ((Expr_Identifier)d)._name; }
+        if (d is Expr_DeclareVar) { return ((Expr_DeclareVar)d)._name; }
+        if (d is Expr_For) { return ((Expr_For)d)._name; }
+        if (d is Expr_Select) { return ((Expr_Select)d)._name; }
+        return ((Expr_FunctionSelect)d)._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_matchee {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_Match)d)._matchee;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> dtor_cases {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_Match)d)._cases;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_stmt {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_StmtExpr)d)._stmt;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_rhs {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_StmtExpr) { return ((Expr_StmtExpr)d)._rhs; }
+        return ((Expr_Assign)d)._rhs;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_underlying {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_Block) { return ((Expr_Block)d)._underlying; }
+        if (d is Expr_StructBuild) { return ((Expr_StructBuild)d)._underlying; }
+        if (d is Expr_UnaryOp) { return ((Expr_UnaryOp)d)._underlying; }
+        if (d is Expr_Loop) { return ((Expr_Loop)d)._underlying; }
+        return ((Expr_Labelled)d)._underlying;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> dtor_assignments {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_StructBuild)d)._assignments;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> dtor_arguments {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_Tuple) { return ((Expr_Tuple)d)._arguments; }
+        return ((Expr_Call)d)._arguments;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_op1 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_UnaryOp)d)._op1;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat dtor_format {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_UnaryOp)d)._format;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_op2 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_BinaryOp)d)._op2;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_left {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_BinaryOp) { return ((Expr_BinaryOp)d)._left; }
+        return ((Expr_TypeAscription)d)._left;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_right {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_BinaryOp)d)._right;
+      }
+    }
+    public DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat dtor_format2 {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_BinaryOp)d)._format2;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_value {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_LiteralInt) { return ((Expr_LiteralInt)d)._value; }
+        return ((Expr_LiteralString)d)._value;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_bvalue {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_LiteralBool)d)._bvalue;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_binary {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_LiteralString)d)._binary;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool dtor_verbatim {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_LiteralString)d)._verbatim;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IDeclareType dtor_declareType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_DeclareVar)d)._declareType;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> dtor_optType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_DeclareVar)d)._optType;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> dtor_optRhs {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_DeclareVar)d)._optRhs;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IAssignLhs> dtor_names {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_Assign)d)._names;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_cond {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_IfExpr)d)._cond;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_thn {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_IfExpr)d)._thn;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_els {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_IfExpr)d)._els;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> dtor_optCond {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_Loop)d)._optCond;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_range {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_For) { return ((Expr_For)d)._range; }
+        return ((Expr_SelectIndex)d)._range;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_body {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_For) { return ((Expr_For)d)._body; }
+        return ((Expr_Lambda)d)._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_lbl {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_Labelled)d)._lbl;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> dtor_optLbl {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_Break) { return ((Expr_Break)d)._optLbl; }
+        return ((Expr_Continue)d)._optLbl;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> dtor_optExpr {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_Return)d)._optExpr;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr dtor_obj {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        if (d is Expr_CallType) { return ((Expr_CallType)d)._obj; }
+        if (d is Expr_Call) { return ((Expr_Call)d)._obj; }
+        if (d is Expr_Select) { return ((Expr_Select)d)._obj; }
+        if (d is Expr_SelectIndex) { return ((Expr_SelectIndex)d)._obj; }
+        return ((Expr_FunctionSelect)d)._obj;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> dtor_typeParameters {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_CallType)d)._typeParameters;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IPath dtor_path {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_ExprFromPath)d)._path;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> dtor_params {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_Lambda)d)._params;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> dtor_retType {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Expr_Lambda)d)._retType;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IExpr DowncastClone();
+    public bool NoExtraSemicolonAfter() {
+      return (((((((this).is_DeclareVar) || ((this).is_Assign)) || ((this).is_Break)) || ((this).is_Continue)) || ((this).is_Return)) || ((this).is_For)) || ((((this).is_RawExpr) && ((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_content).Count)).Sign == 1)) && ((((this).dtor_content).Select((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_content).Count)) - (BigInteger.One))) == (new Dafny.Rune(';'))));
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr Optimize() {
+      RAST._IExpr _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UnaryOp) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op10 = _source0.dtor_op1;
+          if (object.Equals(op10, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"))) {
+            RAST._IExpr underlying0 = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+            if (underlying0.is_BinaryOp) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op20 = underlying0.dtor_op2;
+              if (object.Equals(op20, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=="))) {
+                RAST._IExpr _0_left = underlying0.dtor_left;
+                RAST._IExpr _1_right = underlying0.dtor_right;
+                DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat _2_format = underlying0.dtor_format2;
+                DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat format0 = _source0.dtor_format;
+                if (format0.is_CombineFormat) {
+                  return RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!="), _0_left, _1_right, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat());
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UnaryOp) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op11 = _source0.dtor_op1;
+          if (object.Equals(op11, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"))) {
+            RAST._IExpr underlying1 = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+            if (underlying1.is_BinaryOp) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op21 = underlying1.dtor_op2;
+              if (object.Equals(op21, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"))) {
+                RAST._IExpr _3_left = underlying1.dtor_left;
+                RAST._IExpr _4_right = underlying1.dtor_right;
+                DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat format20 = underlying1.dtor_format2;
+                if (format20.is_NoFormat) {
+                  DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat format1 = _source0.dtor_format;
+                  if (format1.is_CombineFormat) {
+                    return RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">="), _3_left, _4_right, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat());
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UnaryOp) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op12 = _source0.dtor_op1;
+          if (object.Equals(op12, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"))) {
+            RAST._IExpr underlying2 = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+            if (underlying2.is_BinaryOp) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op22 = underlying2.dtor_op2;
+              if (object.Equals(op22, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"))) {
+                RAST._IExpr _5_left = underlying2.dtor_left;
+                RAST._IExpr _6_right = underlying2.dtor_right;
+                DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat format21 = underlying2.dtor_format2;
+                if (format21.is_ReverseFormat) {
+                  DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat format2 = _source0.dtor_format;
+                  if (format2.is_CombineFormat) {
+                    return RAST.Expr.create_BinaryOp(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<="), _6_right, _5_left, DAST.Format.BinaryOpFormat.create_NoFormat());
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Call) {
+          RAST._IExpr obj0 = _source0.dtor_obj;
+          if (obj0.is_ExprFromPath) {
+            RAST._IPath path0 = obj0.dtor_path;
+            if (path0.is_PMemberSelect) {
+              RAST._IPath _7_r = path0.dtor_base;
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name0 = path0.dtor_name;
+              if (object.Equals(name0, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("truncate!"))) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _8_args = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+                if (((!object.Equals(_7_r, RAST.__default.dafny__runtime)) && (!object.Equals(_7_r, RAST.__default.@global))) || ((new BigInteger((_8_args).Count)) != (new BigInteger(2)))) {
+                  return this;
+                } else {
+                  RAST._IExpr _9_expr = (_8_args).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+                  RAST._IExpr _10_tpeExpr = (_8_args).Select(BigInteger.One);
+                  if (!((_10_tpeExpr).is_ExprFromType)) {
+                    return this;
+                  } else {
+                    RAST._IType _11_tpe = (_10_tpeExpr).dtor_tpe;
+                    if (((((((((((_11_tpe).is_U8) || ((_11_tpe).is_U16)) || ((_11_tpe).is_U32)) || ((_11_tpe).is_U64)) || ((_11_tpe).is_U128)) || ((_11_tpe).is_I8)) || ((_11_tpe).is_I16)) || ((_11_tpe).is_I32)) || ((_11_tpe).is_I64)) || ((_11_tpe).is_I128)) {
+                      RAST._IExpr _source1 = _9_expr;
+                      {
+                        if (_source1.is_Call) {
+                          RAST._IExpr obj1 = _source1.dtor_obj;
+                          if (obj1.is_ExprFromPath) {
+                            RAST._IPath path1 = obj1.dtor_path;
+                            if (path1.is_PMemberSelect) {
+                              RAST._IPath _12_base = path1.dtor_base;
+                              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name1 = path1.dtor_name;
+                              if (object.Equals(name1, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("int!"))) {
+                                Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _13_args = _source1.dtor_arguments;
+                                if (((new BigInteger((_13_args).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) && ((object.Equals(_12_base, RAST.__default.dafny__runtime)) || (object.Equals(_12_base, RAST.__default.@global)))) {
+                                  RAST._IExpr _source2 = (_13_args).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+                                  {
+                                    if (_source2.is_LiteralInt) {
+                                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _14_number = _source2.dtor_value;
+                                      return RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(_14_number);
+                                    }
+                                  }
+                                  {
+                                    if (_source2.is_LiteralString) {
+                                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _15_number = _source2.dtor_value;
+                                      return RAST.Expr.create_LiteralInt(_15_number);
+                                    }
+                                  }
+                                  {
+                                    return this;
+                                  }
+                                } else {
+                                  return this;
+                                }
+                              }
+                            }
+                          }
+                        }
+                      }
+                      {
+                        return this;
+                      }
+                    } else {
+                      return this;
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_StmtExpr) {
+          RAST._IExpr stmt0 = _source0.dtor_stmt;
+          if (stmt0.is_DeclareVar) {
+            RAST._IDeclareType _16_mod = stmt0.dtor_declareType;
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _17_name = stmt0.dtor_name;
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> optType0 = stmt0.dtor_optType;
+            if (optType0.is_Some) {
+              RAST._IType _18_tpe = optType0.dtor_value;
+              Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> optRhs0 = stmt0.dtor_optRhs;
+              if (optRhs0.is_None) {
+                RAST._IExpr rhs0 = _source0.dtor_rhs;
+                if (rhs0.is_StmtExpr) {
+                  RAST._IExpr stmt1 = rhs0.dtor_stmt;
+                  if (stmt1.is_Assign) {
+                    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IAssignLhs> _19_name2 = stmt1.dtor_names;
+                    RAST._IExpr _20_rhs = stmt1.dtor_rhs;
+                    RAST._IExpr _21_last = rhs0.dtor_rhs;
+                    if (object.Equals(_19_name2, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IAssignLhs>.create_Some(RAST.AssignLhs.create_LocalVar(_17_name)))) {
+                      RAST._IExpr _22_rewriting = RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(RAST.Expr.create_DeclareVar(_16_mod, _17_name, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.create_Some(_18_tpe), Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.create_Some(_20_rhs)), _21_last);
+                      return _22_rewriting;
+                    } else {
+                      return this;
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_StmtExpr) {
+          RAST._IExpr stmt2 = _source0.dtor_stmt;
+          if (stmt2.is_IfExpr) {
+            RAST._IExpr cond0 = stmt2.dtor_cond;
+            if (cond0.is_UnaryOp) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op13 = cond0.dtor_op1;
+              if (object.Equals(op13, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"))) {
+                RAST._IExpr underlying3 = cond0.dtor_underlying;
+                if (underlying3.is_BinaryOp) {
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op23 = underlying3.dtor_op2;
+                  if (object.Equals(op23, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=="))) {
+                    RAST._IExpr _23_a = underlying3.dtor_left;
+                    RAST._IExpr _24_b = underlying3.dtor_right;
+                    DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat _25_f = underlying3.dtor_format2;
+                    DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat _26_of = cond0.dtor_format;
+                    RAST._IExpr thn0 = stmt2.dtor_thn;
+                    if (thn0.is_RawExpr) {
+                      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content0 = thn0.dtor_content;
+                      if (object.Equals(content0, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("panic!(\"Halt\");"))) {
+                        RAST._IExpr els0 = stmt2.dtor_els;
+                        if (els0.is_RawExpr) {
+                          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content1 = els0.dtor_content;
+                          if (object.Equals(content1, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) {
+                            RAST._IExpr _27_last = _source0.dtor_rhs;
+                            RAST._IExpr _28_rewriting = RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr((RAST.Expr.create_Identifier(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("assert_eq!"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(_23_a, _24_b)), _27_last);
+                            return _28_rewriting;
+                          }
+                        }
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return this;
+      }
+    }
+    public bool LeftRequiresParentheses(RAST._IExpr left) {
+      return ((this).printingInfo).NeedParenthesesForLeft(((left).Optimize()).printingInfo);
+    }
+    public _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> LeftParentheses(RAST._IExpr left) {
+      if ((this).LeftRequiresParentheses(left)) {
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
+      } else {
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+      }
+    }
+    public bool RightRequiresParentheses(RAST._IExpr right) {
+      return ((this).printingInfo).NeedParenthesesForRight(((right).Optimize()).printingInfo);
+    }
+    public _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> RightParentheses(RAST._IExpr right) {
+      if ((this).RightRequiresParentheses(right)) {
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
+      } else {
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""));
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> RightMostIdentifier() {
+      RAST._IExpr _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_FunctionSelect) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_id = _source0.dtor_name;
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(_0_id);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ExprFromPath) {
+          RAST._IPath _1_p = _source0.dtor_path;
+          return (_1_p).RightMostIdentifier();
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None();
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> MaxHashes(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> currentHashes, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> mostHashes)
+    {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((s).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        if ((new BigInteger((currentHashes).Count)) < (new BigInteger((mostHashes).Count))) {
+          return mostHashes;
+        } else {
+          return currentHashes;
+        }
+      } else if (((s).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, BigInteger.One)).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#"))) {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in0 = (s).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in1 = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(currentHashes, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#"));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in2 = mostHashes;
+        s = _in0;
+        currentHashes = _in1;
+        mostHashes = _in2;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in3 = (s).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in4 = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in5 = (((new BigInteger((currentHashes).Count)) < (new BigInteger((mostHashes).Count))) ? (mostHashes) : (currentHashes));
+        s = _in3;
+        currentHashes = _in4;
+        mostHashes = _in5;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> RemoveDoubleQuotes(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((s).Count)) <= (BigInteger.One)) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, s);
+      } else if (((s).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, new BigInteger(2))).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(@""""""))) {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(@""""));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in0 = (s).Drop(new BigInteger(2));
+        s = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, (s).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, BigInteger.One));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in1 = (s).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        s = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      RAST._IExpr _source0 = (this).Optimize();
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Identifier) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          return _0_name;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ExprFromType) {
+          RAST._IType _1_t = _source0.dtor_tpe;
+          return (_1_t)._ToString(ind);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_LiteralInt) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _2_number = _source0.dtor_value;
+          return _2_number;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_LiteralBool) {
+          bool _3_b = _source0.dtor_bvalue;
+          if (_3_b) {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("true");
+          } else {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("false");
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_LiteralString) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _4_characters = _source0.dtor_value;
+          bool _5_binary = _source0.dtor_binary;
+          bool _6_verbatim = _source0.dtor_verbatim;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _7_hashes = ((_6_verbatim) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(RAST.Expr.MaxHashes(_4_characters, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("#"))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")));
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((_5_binary) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("b")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), ((_6_verbatim) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("r"), _7_hashes)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\"")), ((_6_verbatim) ? (RAST.Expr.RemoveDoubleQuotes(_4_characters)) : (_4_characters))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\"")), _7_hashes);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Match) {
+          RAST._IExpr _8_matchee = _source0.dtor_matchee;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> _9_cases = _source0.dtor_cases;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("match "), (_8_matchee)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IMatchCase>(_9_cases, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IMatchCase, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_10_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IMatchCase, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_11_c) => {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _10_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_11_c)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_10_ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","));
+          })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_StmtExpr) {
+          RAST._IExpr _12_stmt = _source0.dtor_stmt;
+          RAST._IExpr _13_rhs = _source0.dtor_rhs;
+          if (((_12_stmt).is_RawExpr) && (((_12_stmt).dtor_content).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))) {
+            return (_13_rhs)._ToString(ind);
+          } else {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_12_stmt)._ToString(ind), (((_12_stmt).NoExtraSemicolonAfter()) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), (_13_rhs)._ToString(ind));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Block) {
+          RAST._IExpr _14_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_14_underlying)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_IfExpr) {
+          RAST._IExpr _15_cond = _source0.dtor_cond;
+          RAST._IExpr _16_thn = _source0.dtor_thn;
+          RAST._IExpr _17_els = _source0.dtor_els;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("if "), (_15_cond)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {\n")), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_16_thn)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}")), ((object.Equals(_17_els, RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" else {\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_17_els)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}")))));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_StructBuild) {
+          RAST._IExpr _18_name = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _19_assignments = _source0.dtor_assignments;
+          if (((new BigInteger((_19_assignments).Count)).Sign == 1) && ((((_19_assignments).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).dtor_identifier).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0")))) {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_18_name)._ToString(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" (")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>(_19_assignments, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IAssignIdentifier, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_20_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IAssignIdentifier, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_21_assignment) => {
+              return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _20_ind), RAST.__default.IND), ((_21_assignment).dtor_rhs)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_20_ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
+            })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","))), (((new BigInteger((_19_assignments).Count)) > (BigInteger.One)) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
+          } else {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat((_18_name)._ToString(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IAssignIdentifier>(_19_assignments, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IAssignIdentifier, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_22_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IAssignIdentifier, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_23_assignment) => {
+              return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _22_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_23_assignment)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_22_ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
+            })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","))), (((new BigInteger((_19_assignments).Count)).Sign == 1) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Tuple) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _24_arguments = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IExpr>(_24_arguments, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IExpr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_25_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IExpr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_26_arg) => {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), _25_ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_26_arg)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_25_ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
+          })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","))), (((new BigInteger((_24_arguments).Count)).Sign == 1) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind)) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UnaryOp) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _27_op = _source0.dtor_op1;
+          RAST._IExpr _28_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat _29_format = _source0.dtor_format;
+          _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs0 = ((((this).printingInfo).NeedParenthesesFor(((_28_underlying).Optimize()).printingInfo)) ? (_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"))) : (_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))));
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _30_leftP = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _31_rightP = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _32_leftOp = ((((_27_op).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut"))) && (!(_30_leftP).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_27_op, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "))) : ((((_27_op).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("?"))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (_27_op))));
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _33_rightOp = (((_27_op).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("?"))) ? (_27_op) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")));
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_32_leftOp, _30_leftP), (_28_underlying)._ToString(ind)), _31_rightP), _33_rightOp);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeAscription) {
+          RAST._IExpr _34_left = _source0.dtor_left;
+          RAST._IType _35_tpe = _source0.dtor_tpe;
+          _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs1 = (this).LeftParentheses(_34_left);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _36_leftLeftP = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _37_leftRightP = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__1;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_36_leftLeftP, (_34_left)._ToString(RAST.__default.IND)), _37_leftRightP), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" as ")), (_35_tpe)._ToString(RAST.__default.IND));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_BinaryOp) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _38_op2 = _source0.dtor_op2;
+          RAST._IExpr _39_left = _source0.dtor_left;
+          RAST._IExpr _40_right = _source0.dtor_right;
+          DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat _41_format = _source0.dtor_format2;
+          _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs2 = (this).LeftParentheses(_39_left);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _42_leftLeftP = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor__0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _43_leftRighP = _let_tmp_rhs2.dtor__1;
+          _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs3 = (this).RightParentheses(_40_right);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _44_rightLeftP = _let_tmp_rhs3.dtor__0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _45_rightRightP = _let_tmp_rhs3.dtor__1;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _46_opRendered = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "), _38_op2), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "));
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _47_indLeft = (((_42_leftLeftP).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)) : (ind));
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _48_indRight = (((_44_rightLeftP).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)) : (ind));
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_42_leftLeftP, (_39_left)._ToString(_47_indLeft)), _43_leftRighP), _46_opRendered), _44_rightLeftP), (_40_right)._ToString(_48_indRight)), _45_rightRightP);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_DeclareVar) {
+          RAST._IDeclareType _49_declareType = _source0.dtor_declareType;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _50_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _51_optType = _source0.dtor_optType;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _52_optExpr = _source0.dtor_optRhs;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("let "), ((object.Equals(_49_declareType, RAST.DeclareType.create_MUT())) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("mut ")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), _50_name), (((_51_optType).is_Some) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": "), ((_51_optType).dtor_value)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), (((_52_optExpr).is_Some) ? (Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(((_52_optExpr).dtor_value)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)), _pat_let12_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(_pat_let12_0, _53_optExprString => (((_53_optExprString).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("= /*issue with empty RHS*/"), ((((_52_optExpr).dtor_value).is_RawExpr) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Empty Raw expr")) : (((((_52_optExpr).dtor_value).is_LiteralString) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Empty string literal")) : (((((_52_optExpr).dtor_value).is_LiteralInt) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Empty int literal")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("Another case"))))))))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = "), _53_optExprString)))))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Assign) {
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IAssignLhs> _54_names = _source0.dtor_names;
+          RAST._IExpr _55_expr = _source0.dtor_rhs;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _56_lhs = ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)(() => {
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IAssignLhs> _source1 = _54_names;
+            {
+              if (_source1.is_Some) {
+                RAST._IAssignLhs value0 = _source1.dtor_value;
+                if (value0.is_LocalVar) {
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _57_name = value0.dtor_name;
+                  return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_57_name, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = "));
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (_source1.is_Some) {
+                RAST._IAssignLhs value1 = _source1.dtor_value;
+                if (value1.is_SelectMember) {
+                  RAST._IExpr _58_member = value1.dtor_on;
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _59_field = value1.dtor_field;
+                  _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs4 = (RAST.Expr.create_Select(_58_member, _59_field)).LeftParentheses(_58_member);
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _60_leftP = _let_tmp_rhs4.dtor__0;
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _61_rightP = _let_tmp_rhs4.dtor__1;
+                  return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_60_leftP, (_58_member)._ToString(ind)), _61_rightP), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), _59_field), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" = "));
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (_source1.is_Some) {
+                RAST._IAssignLhs value2 = _source1.dtor_value;
+                if (value2.is_ExtractTuple) {
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _62_names = value2.dtor_names;
+                  return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), RAST.__default.SeqToString<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(_62_names, ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_63_name) => {
+                    return _63_name;
+                  })), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(") = "));
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              if (_source1.is_Some) {
+                RAST._IAssignLhs value3 = _source1.dtor_value;
+                if (value3.is_Index) {
+                  RAST._IExpr _64_e = value3.dtor_expr;
+                  Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _65_indices = value3.dtor_indices;
+                  _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs5 = (RAST.Expr.create_Call(_64_e, _65_indices)).LeftParentheses(_64_e);
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _66_leftP = _let_tmp_rhs5.dtor__0;
+                  Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _67_rightP = _let_tmp_rhs5.dtor__1;
+                  return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_66_leftP, (_64_e)._ToString(ind)), _67_rightP), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("[")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IExpr>(_65_indices, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IExpr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_68_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IExpr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_69_index) => {
+                    return (_69_index)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_68_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+                  })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("]["))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("] = "));
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("_ = ");
+            }
+          }))();
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_56_lhs, (_55_expr)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Labelled) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _70_name = _source0.dtor_lbl;
+          RAST._IExpr _71_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("'"), _70_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(": ")), (_71_underlying)._ToString(ind));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Break) {
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _72_optLbl = _source0.dtor_optLbl;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _source2 = _72_optLbl;
+          {
+            if (_source2.is_Some) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _73_lbl = _source2.dtor_value;
+              return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("break '"), _73_lbl), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("break;");
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Continue) {
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _74_optLbl = _source0.dtor_optLbl;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _source3 = _74_optLbl;
+          {
+            if (_source3.is_Some) {
+              Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _75_lbl = _source3.dtor_value;
+              return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("continue '"), _75_lbl), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("continue;");
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Loop) {
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _76_optCond = _source0.dtor_optCond;
+          RAST._IExpr _77_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)(() => {
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _source4 = _76_optCond;
+            {
+              if (_source4.is_None) {
+                return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("loop");
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              RAST._IExpr _78_c = _source4.dtor_value;
+              return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("while "), (_78_c)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)));
+            }
+          }))(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {\n")), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_77_underlying)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_For) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _79_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          RAST._IExpr _80_range = _source0.dtor_range;
+          RAST._IExpr _81_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("for "), _79_name), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" in ")), (_80_range)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {\n")), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_81_body)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Return) {
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _82_optExpr = _source0.dtor_optExpr;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("return"), (((_82_optExpr).is_Some) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" "), ((_82_optExpr).dtor_value)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND)))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_CallType) {
+          RAST._IExpr _83_expr = _source0.dtor_obj;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _84_tpes = _source0.dtor_typeParameters;
+          _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs6 = (this).LeftParentheses(_83_expr);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _85_leftP = _let_tmp_rhs6.dtor__0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _86_rightP = _let_tmp_rhs6.dtor__1;
+          if ((_84_tpes).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements())) {
+            return (_83_expr)._ToString(ind);
+          } else {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_85_leftP, (_83_expr)._ToString(ind)), _86_rightP), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::<")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IType>(_84_tpes, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_87_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_88_tpe) => {
+              return (_88_tpe)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_87_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+            })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Call) {
+          RAST._IExpr _89_expr = _source0.dtor_obj;
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _90_args = _source0.dtor_arguments;
+          _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs7 = (this).LeftParentheses(_89_expr);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _91_leftP = _let_tmp_rhs7.dtor__0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _92_rightP = _let_tmp_rhs7.dtor__1;
+          _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs8 = ((System.Func<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>)(() => {
+            Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _source5 = (_89_expr).RightMostIdentifier();
+            {
+              bool disjunctiveMatch0 = false;
+              if (_source5.is_Some) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> value4 = _source5.dtor_value;
+                if (object.Equals(value4, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("seq!"))) {
+                  disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+                }
+              }
+              if (_source5.is_Some) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> value5 = _source5.dtor_value;
+                if (object.Equals(value5, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("map!"))) {
+                  disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+                }
+              }
+              if (disjunctiveMatch0) {
+                return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("["), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("]"));
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              bool disjunctiveMatch1 = false;
+              if (_source5.is_Some) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> value6 = _source5.dtor_value;
+                if (object.Equals(value6, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("set!"))) {
+                  disjunctiveMatch1 = true;
+                }
+              }
+              if (_source5.is_Some) {
+                Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> value7 = _source5.dtor_value;
+                if (object.Equals(value7, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("multiset!"))) {
+                  disjunctiveMatch1 = true;
+                }
+              }
+              if (disjunctiveMatch1) {
+                return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("{"), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+              }
+            }
+            {
+              return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("("), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")"));
+            }
+          }))();
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _93_leftCallP = _let_tmp_rhs8.dtor__0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _94_rightCallP = _let_tmp_rhs8.dtor__1;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_91_leftP, (_89_expr)._ToString(ind)), _92_rightP), _93_leftCallP), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IExpr>(_90_args, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IExpr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_95_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IExpr, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_96_arg) => {
+            return (_96_arg)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_95_ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+          })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "))), _94_rightCallP);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Select) {
+          RAST._IExpr _97_expression = _source0.dtor_obj;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _98_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs9 = (this).LeftParentheses(_97_expression);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _99_leftP = _let_tmp_rhs9.dtor__0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _100_rightP = _let_tmp_rhs9.dtor__1;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_99_leftP, (_97_expression)._ToString(ind)), _100_rightP), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".")), _98_name);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SelectIndex) {
+          RAST._IExpr _101_expression = _source0.dtor_obj;
+          RAST._IExpr _102_range = _source0.dtor_range;
+          _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs10 = (this).LeftParentheses(_101_expression);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _103_leftP = _let_tmp_rhs10.dtor__0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _104_rightP = _let_tmp_rhs10.dtor__1;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _105_rangeStr = (_102_range)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND));
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_103_leftP, (_101_expression)._ToString(ind)), _104_rightP), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("[")), _105_rangeStr), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("]"));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ExprFromPath) {
+          RAST._IPath _106_path = _source0.dtor_path;
+          return (_106_path)._ToString();
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_FunctionSelect) {
+          RAST._IExpr _107_expression = _source0.dtor_obj;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _108_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _let_tmp_rhs11 = (this).LeftParentheses(_107_expression);
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _109_leftP = _let_tmp_rhs11.dtor__0;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _110_rightP = _let_tmp_rhs11.dtor__1;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_109_leftP, (_107_expression)._ToString(ind)), _110_rightP), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("::")), _108_name);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Lambda) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _111_params = _source0.dtor_params;
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _112_retType = _source0.dtor_retType;
+          RAST._IExpr _113_body = _source0.dtor_body;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("move |"), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IFormal>(_111_params, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IFormal, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_114_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IFormal, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_115_arg) => {
+            return (_115_arg)._ToString(_114_ind);
+          })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(","))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("| ")), (((_112_retType).is_Some) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("-> "), ((_112_retType).dtor_value)._ToString(ind))) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))), ((((_112_retType).is_Some) && (!((_113_body).is_Block))) ? ((RAST.Expr.create_Block(_113_body))._ToString(ind)) : ((_113_body)._ToString(ind))));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        RAST._IExpr _116_r = _source0;
+        return RAST.__default.AddIndent((_116_r).dtor_content, ind);
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr Then(RAST._IExpr rhs2) {
+      if ((this).is_StmtExpr) {
+        return RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr((this).dtor_stmt, ((this).dtor_rhs).Then(rhs2));
+      } else if (object.Equals(this, RAST.Expr.create_RawExpr(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")))) {
+        return rhs2;
+      } else {
+        return RAST.Expr.create_StmtExpr(this, rhs2);
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr Sel(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_Select(this, name);
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr FSel(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_FunctionSelect(this, name);
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr ApplyType(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> typeParameters) {
+      if ((new BigInteger((typeParameters).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return this;
+      } else {
+        return RAST.Expr.create_CallType(this, typeParameters);
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr ApplyType1(RAST._IType typeParameter) {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_CallType(this, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IType>.FromElements(typeParameter));
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr Apply(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> arguments) {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_Call(this, arguments);
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr Apply1(RAST._IExpr argument) {
+      return RAST.Expr.create_Call(this, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements(argument));
+    }
+    public bool IsLhsIdentifier() {
+      return ((this).is_Identifier) || (((this).is_Call) && (((((((this).dtor_obj).is_ExprFromPath) && (object.Equals(((this).dtor_obj).dtor_path, (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("modify!"))))) && ((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_arguments).Count)) == (BigInteger.One))) && ((((this).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).is_Identifier)) || ((((((this).dtor_obj).is_ExprFromPath) && (object.Equals(((this).dtor_obj).dtor_path, (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("md!"))))) && ((new BigInteger(((this).dtor_arguments).Count)) == (BigInteger.One))) && (Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IExpr, bool>(((this).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero), _pat_let13_0 => Dafny.Helpers.Let<RAST._IExpr, bool>(_pat_let13_0, _0_lhs => (((_0_lhs).is_Call) && (((_0_lhs).dtor_obj).is_Select)) && ((((_0_lhs).dtor_obj).dtor_obj).is_Identifier)))))));
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> LhsIdentifierName() {
+      if ((this).is_Identifier) {
+        return (this).dtor_name;
+      } else if ((((this).dtor_obj).is_ExprFromPath) && (object.Equals(((this).dtor_obj).dtor_path, (RAST.__default.dafny__runtime).MSel(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("modify!"))))) {
+        return (((this).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).dtor_name;
+      } else {
+        return (((((this).dtor_arguments).Select(BigInteger.Zero)).dtor_obj).dtor_obj).dtor_name;
+      }
+    }
+    public RAST._IExpr Clone() {
+      return (RAST.Expr.create_Select(this, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("clone"))).Apply(Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IExpr>.FromElements());
+    }
+    public RAST._IPrintingInfo printingInfo { get {
+      RAST._IExpr _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_RawExpr) {
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_UnknownPrecedence();
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ExprFromType) {
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(BigInteger.One);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Identifier) {
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(BigInteger.One);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_LiteralInt) {
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(BigInteger.One);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_LiteralBool) {
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(BigInteger.One);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_LiteralString) {
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(BigInteger.One);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_UnaryOp) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_op = _source0.dtor_op1;
+          RAST._IExpr _1_underlying = _source0.dtor_underlying;
+          DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat _2_format = _source0.dtor_format;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _source1 = _0_op;
+          {
+            if (object.Equals(_source1, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("?"))) {
+              return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_SuffixPrecedence(new BigInteger(5));
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            bool disjunctiveMatch0 = false;
+            if (object.Equals(_source1, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("-"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source1, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source1, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source1, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source1, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&mut"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch0 = true;
+            }
+            if (disjunctiveMatch0) {
+              return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(new BigInteger(6));
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_UnknownPrecedence();
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Select) {
+          RAST._IExpr _3_underlying = _source0.dtor_obj;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _4_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(2), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_SelectIndex) {
+          RAST._IExpr _5_underlying = _source0.dtor_obj;
+          RAST._IExpr _6_range = _source0.dtor_range;
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(2), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_ExprFromPath) {
+          RAST._IPath _7_underlying = _source0.dtor_path;
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_Precedence(new BigInteger(2));
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_FunctionSelect) {
+          RAST._IExpr _8_underlying = _source0.dtor_obj;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _9_name = _source0.dtor_name;
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(2), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_CallType) {
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(2), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Call) {
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(2), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_TypeAscription) {
+          RAST._IExpr _10_left = _source0.dtor_left;
+          RAST._IType _11_tpe = _source0.dtor_tpe;
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(10), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_BinaryOp) {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _12_op2 = _source0.dtor_op2;
+          RAST._IExpr _13_left = _source0.dtor_left;
+          RAST._IExpr _14_right = _source0.dtor_right;
+          DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat _15_format = _source0.dtor_format2;
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _source2 = _12_op2;
+          {
+            bool disjunctiveMatch1 = false;
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch1 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch1 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("%"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch1 = true;
+            }
+            if (disjunctiveMatch1) {
+              return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(20), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            bool disjunctiveMatch2 = false;
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("+"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch2 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("-"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch2 = true;
+            }
+            if (disjunctiveMatch2) {
+              return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(30), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            bool disjunctiveMatch3 = false;
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<<"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch3 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">>"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch3 = true;
+            }
+            if (disjunctiveMatch3) {
+              if ((((_12_op2).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<<"))) && ((_13_left).is_TypeAscription)) && (((_13_left).dtor_tpe).EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics())) {
+                return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(9), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+              } else {
+                return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(40), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&"))) {
+              return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(50), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("^"))) {
+              return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(60), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("|"))) {
+              return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(70), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            bool disjunctiveMatch4 = false;
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("=="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch4 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("!="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch4 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch4 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">"))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch4 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch4 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch4 = true;
+            }
+            if (disjunctiveMatch4) {
+              if (((((_12_op2).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<"))) || ((_12_op2).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<=")))) && ((_13_left).is_TypeAscription)) && (((_13_left).dtor_tpe).EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics())) {
+                return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(9), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+              } else {
+                return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(80), RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses());
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&&"))) {
+              return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(90), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("||"))) {
+              return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(100), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            bool disjunctiveMatch5 = false;
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(".."))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch5 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("..="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch5 = true;
+            }
+            if (disjunctiveMatch5) {
+              return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses());
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            bool disjunctiveMatch6 = false;
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("+="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("-="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("*="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("/="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("%="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("&="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("|="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("^="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<<="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (object.Equals(_source2, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(">>="))) {
+              disjunctiveMatch6 = true;
+            }
+            if (disjunctiveMatch6) {
+              if ((((_12_op2).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("<<="))) && ((_13_left).is_TypeAscription)) && (((_13_left).dtor_tpe).EndsWithNameThatCanAcceptGenerics())) {
+                return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(9), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+              } else {
+                return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(110), RAST.Associativity.create_RightToLeft());
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          {
+            return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(BigInteger.Zero, RAST.Associativity.create_RequiresParentheses());
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Lambda) {
+          return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_PrecedenceAssociativity(new BigInteger(300), RAST.Associativity.create_LeftToRight());
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return RAST.PrintingInfo.create_UnknownPrecedence();
+      }
+    } }
+  }
+  public class Expr_RawExpr : Expr {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _content;
+    public Expr_RawExpr(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> content) : base() {
+      this._content = content;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_RawExpr(_content);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_RawExpr;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._content, oth._content);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._content));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.RawExpr";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._content.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_ExprFromType : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
+    public Expr_ExprFromType(RAST._IType tpe) : base() {
+      this._tpe = tpe;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_ExprFromType(_tpe);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_ExprFromType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.ExprFromType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Identifier : Expr {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public Expr_Identifier(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) : base() {
+      this._name = name;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Identifier(_name);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Identifier;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 2;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Identifier";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Match : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _matchee;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> _cases;
+    public Expr_Match(RAST._IExpr matchee, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IMatchCase> cases) : base() {
+      this._matchee = matchee;
+      this._cases = cases;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Match(_matchee, _cases);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Match;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._matchee, oth._matchee) && object.Equals(this._cases, oth._cases);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 3;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._matchee));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._cases));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Match";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._matchee);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._cases);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_StmtExpr : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _stmt;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _rhs;
+    public Expr_StmtExpr(RAST._IExpr stmt, RAST._IExpr rhs) : base() {
+      this._stmt = stmt;
+      this._rhs = rhs;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_StmtExpr(_stmt, _rhs);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_StmtExpr;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._stmt, oth._stmt) && object.Equals(this._rhs, oth._rhs);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 4;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._stmt));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._rhs));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.StmtExpr";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._stmt);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._rhs);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Block : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _underlying;
+    public Expr_Block(RAST._IExpr underlying) : base() {
+      this._underlying = underlying;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Block(_underlying);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Block;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 5;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Block";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_StructBuild : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _underlying;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> _assignments;
+    public Expr_StructBuild(RAST._IExpr underlying, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IAssignIdentifier> assignments) : base() {
+      this._underlying = underlying;
+      this._assignments = assignments;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_StructBuild(_underlying, _assignments);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_StructBuild;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying) && object.Equals(this._assignments, oth._assignments);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 6;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._assignments));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.StructBuild";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._assignments);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Tuple : Expr {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _arguments;
+    public Expr_Tuple(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> arguments) : base() {
+      this._arguments = arguments;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Tuple(_arguments);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Tuple;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._arguments, oth._arguments);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 7;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._arguments));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Tuple";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._arguments);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_UnaryOp : Expr {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _op1;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _underlying;
+    public readonly DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat _format;
+    public Expr_UnaryOp(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op1, RAST._IExpr underlying, DAST.Format._IUnaryOpFormat format) : base() {
+      this._op1 = op1;
+      this._underlying = underlying;
+      this._format = format;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_UnaryOp(_op1, _underlying, _format);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_UnaryOp;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._op1, oth._op1) && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying) && object.Equals(this._format, oth._format);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 8;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._op1));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._format));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.UnaryOp";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._op1.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._format);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_BinaryOp : Expr {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _op2;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _left;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _right;
+    public readonly DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat _format2;
+    public Expr_BinaryOp(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> op2, RAST._IExpr left, RAST._IExpr right, DAST.Format._IBinaryOpFormat format2) : base() {
+      this._op2 = op2;
+      this._left = left;
+      this._right = right;
+      this._format2 = format2;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_BinaryOp(_op2, _left, _right, _format2);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_BinaryOp;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._op2, oth._op2) && object.Equals(this._left, oth._left) && object.Equals(this._right, oth._right) && object.Equals(this._format2, oth._format2);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 9;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._op2));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._left));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._right));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._format2));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.BinaryOp";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._op2.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._left);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._right);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._format2);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_TypeAscription : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _left;
+    public readonly RAST._IType _tpe;
+    public Expr_TypeAscription(RAST._IExpr left, RAST._IType tpe) : base() {
+      this._left = left;
+      this._tpe = tpe;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_TypeAscription(_left, _tpe);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_TypeAscription;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._left, oth._left) && object.Equals(this._tpe, oth._tpe);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 10;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._left));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._tpe));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.TypeAscription";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._left);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._tpe);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_LiteralInt : Expr {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _value;
+    public Expr_LiteralInt(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @value) : base() {
+      this._value = @value;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_LiteralInt(_value);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_LiteralInt;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 11;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.LiteralInt";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._value.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_LiteralBool : Expr {
+    public readonly bool _bvalue;
+    public Expr_LiteralBool(bool bvalue) : base() {
+      this._bvalue = bvalue;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_LiteralBool(_bvalue);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_LiteralBool;
+      return oth != null && this._bvalue == oth._bvalue;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 12;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._bvalue));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.LiteralBool";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._bvalue);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_LiteralString : Expr {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _value;
+    public readonly bool _binary;
+    public readonly bool _verbatim;
+    public Expr_LiteralString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @value, bool binary, bool verbatim) : base() {
+      this._value = @value;
+      this._binary = binary;
+      this._verbatim = verbatim;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_LiteralString(_value, _binary, _verbatim);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_LiteralString;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value) && this._binary == oth._binary && this._verbatim == oth._verbatim;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 13;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._binary));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._verbatim));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.LiteralString";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._value.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._binary);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._verbatim);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_DeclareVar : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IDeclareType _declareType;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _optType;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _optRhs;
+    public Expr_DeclareVar(RAST._IDeclareType declareType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> optType, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> optRhs) : base() {
+      this._declareType = declareType;
+      this._name = name;
+      this._optType = optType;
+      this._optRhs = optRhs;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_DeclareVar(_declareType, _name, _optType, _optRhs);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_DeclareVar;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._declareType, oth._declareType) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._optType, oth._optType) && object.Equals(this._optRhs, oth._optRhs);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 14;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._declareType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._optType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._optRhs));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.DeclareVar";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._declareType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._optType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._optRhs);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Assign : Expr {
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IAssignLhs> _names;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _rhs;
+    public Expr_Assign(Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IAssignLhs> names, RAST._IExpr rhs) : base() {
+      this._names = names;
+      this._rhs = rhs;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Assign(_names, _rhs);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Assign;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._names, oth._names) && object.Equals(this._rhs, oth._rhs);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 15;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._names));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._rhs));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Assign";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._names);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._rhs);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_IfExpr : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _cond;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _thn;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _els;
+    public Expr_IfExpr(RAST._IExpr cond, RAST._IExpr thn, RAST._IExpr els) : base() {
+      this._cond = cond;
+      this._thn = thn;
+      this._els = els;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_IfExpr(_cond, _thn, _els);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_IfExpr;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._cond, oth._cond) && object.Equals(this._thn, oth._thn) && object.Equals(this._els, oth._els);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 16;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._cond));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._thn));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._els));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.IfExpr";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._cond);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._thn);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._els);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Loop : Expr {
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _optCond;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _underlying;
+    public Expr_Loop(Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> optCond, RAST._IExpr underlying) : base() {
+      this._optCond = optCond;
+      this._underlying = underlying;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Loop(_optCond, _underlying);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Loop;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._optCond, oth._optCond) && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 17;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._optCond));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Loop";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._optCond);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_For : Expr {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _range;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _body;
+    public Expr_For(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, RAST._IExpr range, RAST._IExpr body) : base() {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._range = range;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_For(_name, _range, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_For;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._range, oth._range) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 18;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._range));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.For";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._range);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Labelled : Expr {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _lbl;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _underlying;
+    public Expr_Labelled(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> lbl, RAST._IExpr underlying) : base() {
+      this._lbl = lbl;
+      this._underlying = underlying;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Labelled(_lbl, _underlying);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Labelled;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._lbl, oth._lbl) && object.Equals(this._underlying, oth._underlying);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 19;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._lbl));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._underlying));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Labelled";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._lbl.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._underlying);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Break : Expr {
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _optLbl;
+    public Expr_Break(Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> optLbl) : base() {
+      this._optLbl = optLbl;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Break(_optLbl);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Break;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._optLbl, oth._optLbl);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 20;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._optLbl));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Break";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._optLbl);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Continue : Expr {
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _optLbl;
+    public Expr_Continue(Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> optLbl) : base() {
+      this._optLbl = optLbl;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Continue(_optLbl);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Continue;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._optLbl, oth._optLbl);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 21;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._optLbl));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Continue";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._optLbl);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Return : Expr {
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _optExpr;
+    public Expr_Return(Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> optExpr) : base() {
+      this._optExpr = optExpr;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Return(_optExpr);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Return;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._optExpr, oth._optExpr);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 22;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._optExpr));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Return";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._optExpr);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_CallType : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _obj;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> _typeParameters;
+    public Expr_CallType(RAST._IExpr obj, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IType> typeParameters) : base() {
+      this._obj = obj;
+      this._typeParameters = typeParameters;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_CallType(_obj, _typeParameters);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_CallType;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._obj, oth._obj) && object.Equals(this._typeParameters, oth._typeParameters);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 23;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._obj));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParameters));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.CallType";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._obj);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParameters);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Call : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _obj;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> _arguments;
+    public Expr_Call(RAST._IExpr obj, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IExpr> arguments) : base() {
+      this._obj = obj;
+      this._arguments = arguments;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Call(_obj, _arguments);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Call;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._obj, oth._obj) && object.Equals(this._arguments, oth._arguments);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 24;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._obj));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._arguments));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Call";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._obj);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._arguments);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Select : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _obj;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public Expr_Select(RAST._IExpr obj, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) : base() {
+      this._obj = obj;
+      this._name = name;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Select(_obj, _name);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Select;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._obj, oth._obj) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 25;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._obj));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Select";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._obj);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_SelectIndex : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _obj;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _range;
+    public Expr_SelectIndex(RAST._IExpr obj, RAST._IExpr range) : base() {
+      this._obj = obj;
+      this._range = range;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_SelectIndex(_obj, _range);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_SelectIndex;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._obj, oth._obj) && object.Equals(this._range, oth._range);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 26;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._obj));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._range));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.SelectIndex";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._obj);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._range);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_ExprFromPath : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IPath _path;
+    public Expr_ExprFromPath(RAST._IPath path) : base() {
+      this._path = path;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_ExprFromPath(_path);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_ExprFromPath;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._path, oth._path);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 27;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._path));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.ExprFromPath";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._path);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_FunctionSelect : Expr {
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _obj;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public Expr_FunctionSelect(RAST._IExpr obj, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name) : base() {
+      this._obj = obj;
+      this._name = name;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_FunctionSelect(_obj, _name);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_FunctionSelect;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._obj, oth._obj) && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 28;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._obj));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.FunctionSelect";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._obj);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Expr_Lambda : Expr {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _params;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _retType;
+    public readonly RAST._IExpr _body;
+    public Expr_Lambda(Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> @params, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> retType, RAST._IExpr body) : base() {
+      this._params = @params;
+      this._retType = retType;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public override _IExpr DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IExpr dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Expr_Lambda(_params, _retType, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Expr_Lambda;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._params, oth._params) && object.Equals(this._retType, oth._retType) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 29;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._params));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._retType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Expr.Lambda";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._params);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._retType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IFn {
+    bool is_Fn { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> dtor_formals { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> dtor_returnType { get; }
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_where { get; }
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> dtor_body { get; }
+    _IFn DowncastClone();
+    Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind);
+  }
+  public class Fn : _IFn {
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _name;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> _typeParams;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> _formals;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _returnType;
+    public readonly Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _where;
+    public readonly Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _body;
+    public Fn(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> formals, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> returnType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> body) {
+      this._name = name;
+      this._typeParams = typeParams;
+      this._formals = formals;
+      this._returnType = returnType;
+      this._where = @where;
+      this._body = body;
+    }
+    public _IFn DowncastClone() {
+      if (this is _IFn dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Fn(_name, _typeParams, _formals, _returnType, _where, _body);
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as RAST.Fn;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._name, oth._name) && object.Equals(this._typeParams, oth._typeParams) && object.Equals(this._formals, oth._formals) && object.Equals(this._returnType, oth._returnType) && object.Equals(this._where, oth._where) && object.Equals(this._body, oth._body);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._name));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._typeParams));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._formals));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._returnType));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._where));
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._body));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "RAST.Fn.Fn";
+      s += "(";
+      s += this._name.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._typeParams);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._formals);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._returnType);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += this._where.ToVerbatimString(true);
+      s += ", ";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._body);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+    private static readonly RAST._IFn theDefault = create(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl>.Empty, Dafny.Sequence<RAST._IFormal>.Empty, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IType>.Default(), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty, Std.Wrappers.Option<RAST._IExpr>.Default());
+    public static RAST._IFn Default() {
+      return theDefault;
+    }
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFn> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFn>(RAST.Fn.Default());
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<RAST._IFn> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static _IFn create(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> formals, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> returnType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> body) {
+      return new Fn(name, typeParams, formals, returnType, @where, body);
+    }
+    public static _IFn create_Fn(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> name, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> typeParams, Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> formals, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> returnType, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> @where, Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> body) {
+      return create(name, typeParams, formals, returnType, @where, body);
+    }
+    public bool is_Fn { get { return true; } }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_name {
+      get {
+        return this._name;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._ITypeParamDecl> dtor_typeParams {
+      get {
+        return this._typeParams;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<RAST._IFormal> dtor_formals {
+      get {
+        return this._formals;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> dtor_returnType {
+      get {
+        return this._returnType;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> dtor_where {
+      get {
+        return this._where;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> dtor_body {
+      get {
+        return this._body;
+      }
+    }
+    public Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _ToString(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> ind) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("fn "), (this).dtor_name), RAST.TypeParamDecl.ToStringMultiple((this).dtor_typeParams, ind)), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("(")), RAST.__default.SeqToString<RAST._IFormal>((this).dtor_formals, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, Func<RAST._IFormal, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>>>((_0_ind) => ((System.Func<RAST._IFormal, Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)((_1_formal) => {
+        return (_1_formal)._ToString(_0_ind);
+      })))(ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(", "))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(")")), ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)(() => {
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IType> _source0 = (this).dtor_returnType;
+        {
+          if (_source0.is_Some) {
+            RAST._IType _2_t = _source0.dtor_value;
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" -> "), (_2_t)._ToString(ind));
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+        }
+      }))()), ((((this).dtor_where).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(""))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("")) : (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (this).dtor_where)))), ((System.Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>)(() => {
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<RAST._IExpr> _source1 = (this).dtor_body;
+        {
+          if (_source1.is_None) {
+            return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(";");
+          }
+        }
+        {
+          RAST._IExpr _3_body = _source1.dtor_value;
+          return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString(" {\n"), ind), RAST.__default.IND), (_3_body)._ToString(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(ind, RAST.__default.IND))), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("\n")), ind), Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("}"));
+        }
+      }))());
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace RAST
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyPlugin.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyPlugin.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b62b79525a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyPlugin.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyPlugin {
+
+
+  public partial class COMP {
+    public COMP() {
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Compile(Dafny.ISequence<DAST._IModule> p)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _out0;
+      _out0 = D2DPrettyPrinter.__default.PrettyPrint(p);
+      s = _out0;
+      return s;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> EmitCallToMain(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> fullName)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty;
+      s = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("");
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafnyPlugin
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c3f38daaa5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic {
+
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_DivInternals.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_DivInternals.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..997d1b461c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_DivInternals.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivInternals {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static BigInteger DivPos(BigInteger x, BigInteger d)
+    {
+      BigInteger _0___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((x).Sign == -1) {
+        _0___accumulator = (_0___accumulator) + (new BigInteger(-1));
+        BigInteger _in0 = (x) + (d);
+        BigInteger _in1 = d;
+        x = _in0;
+        d = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else if ((x) < (d)) {
+        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = (_0___accumulator) + (BigInteger.One);
+        BigInteger _in2 = (x) - (d);
+        BigInteger _in3 = d;
+        x = _in2;
+        d = _in3;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger DivRecursive(BigInteger x, BigInteger d)
+    {
+      if ((d).Sign == 1) {
+        return Std.Arithmetic.DivInternals.__default.DivPos(x, d);
+      } else {
+        return (new BigInteger(-1)) * (Std.Arithmetic.DivInternals.__default.DivPos(x, (new BigInteger(-1)) * (d)));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivInternals
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_DivInternalsNonlinear.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_DivInternalsNonlinear.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..42ee76c580c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_DivInternalsNonlinear.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivInternalsNonlinear {
+
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivInternalsNonlinear
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_DivMod.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_DivMod.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0cacb4aa840
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_DivMod.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivMod {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static bool MultiplesVanish(BigInteger a, BigInteger b, BigInteger m)
+    {
+      return (Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(((m) * (a)) + (b), m)) == (Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(b, m));
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.DivMod
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_GeneralInternals.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_GeneralInternals.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bfbf27c915b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_GeneralInternals.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.GeneralInternals {
+
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.GeneralInternals
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Logarithm.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Logarithm.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..de30d84acaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Logarithm.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.Logarithm {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static BigInteger Log(BigInteger @base, BigInteger pow)
+    {
+      BigInteger _0___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((pow) < (@base)) {
+        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = (_0___accumulator) + (BigInteger.One);
+        BigInteger _in0 = @base;
+        BigInteger _in1 = Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanDivision(pow, @base);
+        @base = _in0;
+        pow = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.Logarithm
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_ModInternals.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_ModInternals.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..956c44501c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_ModInternals.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.ModInternals {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static BigInteger ModRecursive(BigInteger x, BigInteger d)
+    {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((x).Sign == -1) {
+        BigInteger _in0 = (d) + (x);
+        BigInteger _in1 = d;
+        x = _in0;
+        d = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else if ((x) < (d)) {
+        return x;
+      } else {
+        BigInteger _in2 = (x) - (d);
+        BigInteger _in3 = d;
+        x = _in2;
+        d = _in3;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.ModInternals
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_ModInternalsNonlinear.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_ModInternalsNonlinear.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..30cf7f2c8e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_ModInternalsNonlinear.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.ModInternalsNonlinear {
+
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.ModInternalsNonlinear
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Mul.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Mul.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9def4d585f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Mul.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.Mul {
+
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.Mul
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_MulInternals.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_MulInternals.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dbbe9443722
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_MulInternals.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.MulInternals {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static BigInteger MulPos(BigInteger x, BigInteger y)
+    {
+      BigInteger _0___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((x).Sign == 0) {
+        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = (_0___accumulator) + (y);
+        BigInteger _in0 = (x) - (BigInteger.One);
+        BigInteger _in1 = y;
+        x = _in0;
+        y = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger MulRecursive(BigInteger x, BigInteger y)
+    {
+      if ((x).Sign != -1) {
+        return Std.Arithmetic.MulInternals.__default.MulPos(x, y);
+      } else {
+        return (new BigInteger(-1)) * (Std.Arithmetic.MulInternals.__default.MulPos((new BigInteger(-1)) * (x), y));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.MulInternals
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_MulInternalsNonlinear.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_MulInternalsNonlinear.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..28123ed8dd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_MulInternalsNonlinear.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.MulInternalsNonlinear {
+
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.MulInternalsNonlinear
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Power.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Power.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5d473618d6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Power.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.Power {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static BigInteger Pow(BigInteger b, BigInteger e)
+    {
+      BigInteger _0___accumulator = BigInteger.One;
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((e).Sign == 0) {
+        return (BigInteger.One) * (_0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = (_0___accumulator) * (b);
+        BigInteger _in0 = b;
+        BigInteger _in1 = (e) - (BigInteger.One);
+        b = _in0;
+        e = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.Power
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Power2.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Power2.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8251fce2577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Arithmetic_Power2.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Arithmetic.Power2 {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static BigInteger Pow2(BigInteger e) {
+      return Std.Arithmetic.Power.__default.Pow(new BigInteger(2), e);
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Arithmetic.Power2
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Collections_Seq.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Collections_Seq.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..14dfd647ee3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Collections_Seq.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,425 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Collections.Seq {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static __T First<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
+      return (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> DropFirst<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
+      return (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+    }
+    public static __T Last<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
+      return (xs).Select((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> DropLast<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
+      return (xs).Take((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
+    }
+    public static __T[] ToArray<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs)
+    {
+      __T[] a = new __T[0];
+      Func<BigInteger, __T> _init0 = Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Func<BigInteger, __T>>>((_0_xs) => ((System.Func<BigInteger, __T>)((_1_i) => {
+        return (_0_xs).Select(_1_i);
+      })))(xs);
+      __T[] _nw0 = new __T[Dafny.Helpers.ToIntChecked(new BigInteger((xs).Count), "array size exceeds memory limit")];
+      for (var _i0_0 = 0; _i0_0 < new BigInteger(_nw0.Length); _i0_0++) {
+        _nw0[(int)(_i0_0)] = _init0(_i0_0);
+      }
+      a = _nw0;
+      return a;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISet<__T> ToSet<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
+      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISet<__T>>>((_0_xs) => ((System.Func<Dafny.ISet<__T>>)(() => {
+        var _coll0 = new System.Collections.Generic.List<__T>();
+        foreach (__T _compr_0 in (_0_xs).CloneAsArray()) {
+          __T _1_x = (__T)_compr_0;
+          if ((_0_xs).Contains(_1_x)) {
+            _coll0.Add(_1_x);
+          }
+        }
+        return Dafny.Set<__T>.FromCollection(_coll0);
+      }))())(xs);
+    }
+    public static BigInteger IndexOf<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T v)
+    {
+      BigInteger _0___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if (object.Equals((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero), v)) {
+        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = (_0___accumulator) + (BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in0 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        __T _in1 = v;
+        xs = _in0;
+        v = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> IndexOfOption<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T v)
+    {
+      return Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexByOption<__T>(xs, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, Func<__T, bool>>>((_0_v) => ((System.Func<__T, bool>)((_1_x) => {
+        return object.Equals(_1_x, _0_v);
+      })))(v));
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> IndexByOption<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, Func<__T, bool> p)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_None();
+      } else if (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, bool>>(p)((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_Some(BigInteger.Zero);
+      } else {
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> _0_o_k = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexByOption<__T>((xs).Drop(BigInteger.One), p);
+        if ((_0_o_k).is_Some) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_Some(((_0_o_k).dtor_value) + (BigInteger.One));
+        } else {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_None();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger LastIndexOf<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T v)
+    {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if (object.Equals((xs).Select((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)), v)) {
+        return (new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One);
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in0 = (xs).Take((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
+        __T _in1 = v;
+        xs = _in0;
+        v = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> LastIndexOfOption<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T v)
+    {
+      return Std.Collections.Seq.__default.LastIndexByOption<__T>(xs, Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, Func<__T, bool>>>((_0_v) => ((System.Func<__T, bool>)((_1_x) => {
+        return object.Equals(_1_x, _0_v);
+      })))(v));
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> LastIndexByOption<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, Func<__T, bool> p)
+    {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_None();
+      } else if (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, bool>>(p)((xs).Select((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<BigInteger>.create_Some((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in0 = (xs).Take((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
+        Func<__T, bool> _in1 = p;
+        xs = _in0;
+        p = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Remove<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, BigInteger pos)
+    {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat((xs).Take(pos), (xs).Drop((pos) + (BigInteger.One)));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> RemoveValue<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T v)
+    {
+      if (!(xs).Contains(v)) {
+        return xs;
+      } else {
+        BigInteger _0_i = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexOf<__T>(xs, v);
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat((xs).Take(_0_i), (xs).Drop((_0_i) + (BigInteger.One)));
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Insert<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __T a, BigInteger pos)
+    {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat((xs).Take(pos), Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements(a)), (xs).Drop(pos));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Reverse<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((xs).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements())) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements((xs).Select((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One))));
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in0 = (xs).Subsequence(BigInteger.Zero, (new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
+        xs = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Repeat<__T>(__T v, BigInteger length)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((length).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements(v));
+        __T _in0 = v;
+        BigInteger _in1 = (length) - (BigInteger.One);
+        v = _in0;
+        length = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__A>, Dafny.ISequence<__B>> Unzip<__A, __B>(Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>> xs) {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__A>, Dafny.ISequence<__B>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<__A>.FromElements(), Dafny.Sequence<__B>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__A>, Dafny.ISequence<__B>> _let_tmp_rhs0 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Unzip<__A, __B>(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>(xs));
+        Dafny.ISequence<__A> _0_a = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
+        Dafny.ISequence<__B> _1_b = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__A>, Dafny.ISequence<__B>>.create(Dafny.Sequence<__A>.Concat(_0_a, Dafny.Sequence<__A>.FromElements((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>(xs)).dtor__0)), Dafny.Sequence<__B>.Concat(_1_b, Dafny.Sequence<__B>.FromElements((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>(xs)).dtor__1)));
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>> Zip<__A, __B>(Dafny.ISequence<__A> xs, Dafny.ISequence<__B> ys)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>.FromElements(), _0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<_System._ITuple2<__A, __B>>.FromElements(_System.Tuple2<__A, __B>.create(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<__A>(xs), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<__B>(ys))), _0___accumulator);
+        Dafny.ISequence<__A> _in0 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<__A>(xs);
+        Dafny.ISequence<__B> _in1 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<__B>(ys);
+        xs = _in0;
+        ys = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger Max(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) {
+        return (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+      } else {
+        return Std.Math.__default.Max((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Max((xs).Drop(BigInteger.One)));
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger Min(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) {
+        return (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero);
+      } else {
+        return Std.Math.__default.Min((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Min((xs).Drop(BigInteger.One)));
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Flatten<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> xs) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> _in0 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        xs = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> FlattenReverse<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> xs) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements(), _0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>(xs), _0___accumulator);
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> _in0 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>(xs);
+        xs = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Join<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> seqs, Dafny.ISequence<__T> separator)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((seqs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
+      } else if ((new BigInteger((seqs).Count)) == (BigInteger.One)) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, (seqs).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat((seqs).Select(BigInteger.Zero), separator));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> _in0 = (seqs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in1 = separator;
+        seqs = _in0;
+        separator = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> Split<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> s, __T delim)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> _1_i = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexOfOption<__T>(s, delim);
+      if ((_1_i).is_Some) {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.FromElements((s).Take((_1_i).dtor_value)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in0 = (s).Drop(((_1_i).dtor_value) + (BigInteger.One));
+        __T _in1 = delim;
+        s = _in0;
+        delim = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.FromElements(s));
+      }
+    }
+    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>> SplitOnce<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> s, __T delim)
+    {
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> _0_i = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexOfOption<__T>(s, delim);
+      return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.create((s).Take((_0_i).dtor_value), (s).Drop(((_0_i).dtor_value) + (BigInteger.One)));
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>>> SplitOnceOption<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> s, __T delim)
+    {
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<BigInteger> _0_valueOrError0 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.IndexOfOption<__T>(s, delim);
+      if ((_0_valueOrError0).IsFailure()) {
+        return (_0_valueOrError0).PropagateFailure<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>>>();
+      } else {
+        BigInteger _1_i = (_0_valueOrError0).Extract();
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<_System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>>>.create_Some(_System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<__T>, Dafny.ISequence<__T>>.create((s).Take(_1_i), (s).Drop((_1_i) + (BigInteger.One))));
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__R> Map<__T, __R>(Func<__T, __R> f, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<__R> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__R>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__R>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__R>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__R>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__R>.FromElements(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, __R>>(f)((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero))));
+        Func<__T, __R> _in0 = f;
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in1 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        f = _in0;
+        xs = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IResult<Dafny.ISequence<__R>, __E> MapWithResult<__T, __R, __E>(Func<__T, Std.Wrappers._IResult<__R, __E>> f, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Result<Dafny.ISequence<__R>, __E>.create_Success(Dafny.Sequence<__R>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        Std.Wrappers._IResult<__R, __E> _0_valueOrError0 = Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, Std.Wrappers._IResult<__R, __E>>>(f)((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+        if ((_0_valueOrError0).IsFailure()) {
+          return (_0_valueOrError0).PropagateFailure<Dafny.ISequence<__R>>();
+        } else {
+          __R _1_head = (_0_valueOrError0).Extract();
+          Std.Wrappers._IResult<Dafny.ISequence<__R>, __E> _2_valueOrError1 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.MapWithResult<__T, __R, __E>(f, (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One));
+          if ((_2_valueOrError1).IsFailure()) {
+            return (_2_valueOrError1).PropagateFailure<Dafny.ISequence<__R>>();
+          } else {
+            Dafny.ISequence<__R> _3_tail = (_2_valueOrError1).Extract();
+            return Std.Wrappers.Result<Dafny.ISequence<__R>, __E>.create_Success(Dafny.Sequence<__R>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<__R>.FromElements(_1_head), _3_tail));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> Filter<__T>(Func<__T, bool> f, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, ((Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, bool>>(f)((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) ? (Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) : (Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements())));
+        Func<__T, bool> _in0 = f;
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in1 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        f = _in0;
+        xs = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static __A FoldLeft<__A, __T>(Func<__A, __T, __A> f, __A init, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs)
+    {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return init;
+      } else {
+        Func<__A, __T, __A> _in0 = f;
+        __A _in1 = Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__A, __T, __A>>(f)(init, (xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in2 = (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        f = _in0;
+        init = _in1;
+        xs = _in2;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static __A FoldRight<__A, __T>(Func<__T, __A, __A> f, Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs, __A init)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return init;
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, __A, __A>>(f)((xs).Select(BigInteger.Zero), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.FoldRight<__A, __T>(f, (xs).Drop(BigInteger.One), init));
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> SetToSeq<__T>(Dafny.ISet<__T> s)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Empty;
+      xs = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
+      Dafny.ISet<__T> _0_left;
+      _0_left = s;
+      while (!(_0_left).Equals(Dafny.Set<__T>.FromElements())) {
+        __T _1_x;
+        foreach (__T _assign_such_that_0 in (_0_left).Elements) {
+          _1_x = (__T)_assign_such_that_0;
+          if ((_0_left).Contains(_1_x)) {
+            goto after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_0;
+          }
+        }
+        throw new System.Exception("assign-such-that search produced no value");
+      after__ASSIGN_SUCH_THAT_0: ;
+        _0_left = Dafny.Set<__T>.Difference(_0_left, Dafny.Set<__T>.FromElements(_1_x));
+        xs = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(xs, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements(_1_x));
+      }
+      return xs;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> SetToSortedSeq<__T>(Dafny.ISet<__T> s, Func<__T, __T, bool> R)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<__T> xs = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Empty;
+      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _out0;
+      _out0 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.SetToSeq<__T>(s);
+      xs = _out0;
+      xs = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.MergeSortBy<__T>(R, xs);
+      return xs;
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> MergeSortBy<__T>(Func<__T, __T, bool> lessThanOrEq, Dafny.ISequence<__T> a)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((a).Count)) <= (BigInteger.One)) {
+        return a;
+      } else {
+        BigInteger _0_splitIndex = Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanDivision(new BigInteger((a).Count), new BigInteger(2));
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _1_left = (a).Take(_0_splitIndex);
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _2_right = (a).Drop(_0_splitIndex);
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _3_leftSorted = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.MergeSortBy<__T>(lessThanOrEq, _1_left);
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _4_rightSorted = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.MergeSortBy<__T>(lessThanOrEq, _2_right);
+        return Std.Collections.Seq.__default.MergeSortedWith<__T>(_3_leftSorted, _4_rightSorted, lessThanOrEq);
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<__T> MergeSortedWith<__T>(Dafny.ISequence<__T> left, Dafny.ISequence<__T> right, Func<__T, __T, bool> lessThanOrEq)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<__T> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((left).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, right);
+      } else if ((new BigInteger((right).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, left);
+      } else if (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<__T, __T, bool>>(lessThanOrEq)((left).Select(BigInteger.Zero), (right).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements((left).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in0 = (left).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in1 = right;
+        Func<__T, __T, bool> _in2 = lessThanOrEq;
+        left = _in0;
+        right = _in1;
+        lessThanOrEq = _in2;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<__T>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<__T>.FromElements((right).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in3 = left;
+        Dafny.ISequence<__T> _in4 = (right).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Func<__T, __T, bool> _in5 = lessThanOrEq;
+        left = _in3;
+        right = _in4;
+        lessThanOrEq = _in5;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Collections.Seq
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Math.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Math.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8e22eb16897
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Math.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Math {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static BigInteger Min(BigInteger a, BigInteger b)
+    {
+      if ((a) < (b)) {
+        return a;
+      } else {
+        return b;
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger Min3(BigInteger a, BigInteger b, BigInteger c)
+    {
+      return Std.Math.__default.Min(a, Std.Math.__default.Min(b, c));
+    }
+    public static BigInteger Max(BigInteger a, BigInteger b)
+    {
+      if ((a) < (b)) {
+        return b;
+      } else {
+        return a;
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger Max3(BigInteger a, BigInteger b, BigInteger c)
+    {
+      return Std.Math.__default.Max(a, Std.Math.__default.Max(b, c));
+    }
+    public static BigInteger Abs(BigInteger a) {
+      if ((a).Sign == -1) {
+        return (BigInteger.Zero) - (a);
+      } else {
+        return a;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Math
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dbda9bad3da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Strings {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfNat(BigInteger n) {
+      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.OfNat(n);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfInt(BigInteger n) {
+      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.OfInt(n, new Dafny.Rune('-'));
+    }
+    public static BigInteger ToNat(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
+      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToNat(str);
+    }
+    public static BigInteger ToInt(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
+      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToInt(str, new Dafny.Rune('-'));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> EscapeQuotes(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
+      return Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping.__default.Escape(str, Dafny.Set<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(new Dafny.Rune('\"'), new Dafny.Rune('\'')), new Dafny.Rune('\\'));
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> UnescapeQuotes(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
+      return Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping.__default.Unescape(str, new Dafny.Rune('\\'));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfBool(bool b) {
+      if (b) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("true");
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("false");
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfChar(Dafny.Rune c) {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(c);
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Strings
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings_CharStrEscaping.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings_CharStrEscaping.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c7bcf7b8e0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings_CharStrEscaping.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> Escape(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.ISet<Dafny.Rune> mustEscape, Dafny.Rune escape)
+    {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, str);
+      } else if ((mustEscape).Contains((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero))) {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(escape, (str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in0 = (str).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.Rune> _in1 = mustEscape;
+        Dafny.Rune _in2 = escape;
+        str = _in0;
+        mustEscape = _in1;
+        escape = _in2;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)));
+        Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _in3 = (str).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        Dafny.ISet<Dafny.Rune> _in4 = mustEscape;
+        Dafny.Rune _in5 = escape;
+        str = _in3;
+        mustEscape = _in4;
+        escape = _in5;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> Unescape(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.Rune escape)
+    {
+      if ((str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(str);
+      } else if (((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (escape)) {
+        if ((new BigInteger((str).Count)) > (BigInteger.One)) {
+          Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _0_valueOrError0 = Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping.__default.Unescape((str).Drop(new BigInteger(2)), escape);
+          if ((_0_valueOrError0).IsFailure()) {
+            return (_0_valueOrError0).PropagateFailure<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>();
+          } else {
+            Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _1_tl = (_0_valueOrError0).Extract();
+            return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((str).Select(BigInteger.One)), _1_tl));
+          }
+        } else {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_None();
+        }
+      } else {
+        Std.Wrappers._IOption<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _2_valueOrError1 = Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping.__default.Unescape((str).Drop(BigInteger.One), escape);
+        if ((_2_valueOrError1).IsFailure()) {
+          return (_2_valueOrError1).PropagateFailure<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>();
+        } else {
+          Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _3_tl = (_2_valueOrError1).Extract();
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>.create_Some(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)), _3_tl));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Strings.CharStrEscaping
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings_DecimalConversion.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings_DecimalConversion.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a408b172517
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings_DecimalConversion.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Strings.DecimalConversion {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static BigInteger BASE() {
+      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.@base;
+    }
+    public static bool IsDigitChar(Dafny.Rune c) {
+      return (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.charToDigit).Contains(c);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfDigits(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> digits) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((digits).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements())) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(), _0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.chars).Select((digits).Select(BigInteger.Zero))), _0___accumulator);
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in0 = (digits).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        digits = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfNat(BigInteger n) {
+      if ((n).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.chars).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+      } else {
+        return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.OfDigits(Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.FromNat(n));
+      }
+    }
+    public static bool IsNumberStr(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.Rune minus)
+    {
+      return !(!(str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) || (((((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (minus)) || ((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.charToDigit).Contains((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)))) && (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>((_0_str) => Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<Dafny.Rune>(((_0_str).Drop(BigInteger.One)).UniqueElements, true, (((_forall_var_0) => {
+        Dafny.Rune _1_c = (Dafny.Rune)_forall_var_0;
+        return !(((_0_str).Drop(BigInteger.One)).Contains(_1_c)) || (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.IsDigitChar(_1_c));
+      }))))(str)));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfInt(BigInteger n, Dafny.Rune minus)
+    {
+      if ((n).Sign != -1) {
+        return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.OfNat(n);
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(minus), Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.OfNat((BigInteger.Zero) - (n)));
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger ToNat(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
+      if ((str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) {
+        return BigInteger.Zero;
+      } else {
+        Dafny.Rune _0_c = (str).Select((new BigInteger((str).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
+        return ((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToNat((str).Take((new BigInteger((str).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))) * (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.@base)) + (Dafny.Map<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>.Select(Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.charToDigit,_0_c));
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger ToInt(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.Rune minus)
+    {
+      if (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.IsPrefixOf(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(minus), str)) {
+        return (BigInteger.Zero) - (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToNat((str).Drop(BigInteger.One)));
+      } else {
+        return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToNat(str);
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger ToNatRight(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return BigInteger.Zero;
+      } else {
+        return ((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.ToNatRight(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropFirst<BigInteger>(xs))) * (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE())) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.First<BigInteger>(xs));
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger ToNatLeft(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
+      BigInteger _0___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) * (Std.Arithmetic.Power.__default.Pow(Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE(), (new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))) + (_0___accumulator);
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in0 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs);
+        xs = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> FromNat(BigInteger n) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((n).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(n, Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE())));
+        BigInteger _in0 = Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanDivision(n, Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE());
+        n = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqExtend(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, BigInteger n)
+    {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) >= (n)) {
+        return xs;
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in0 = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(xs, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(BigInteger.Zero));
+        BigInteger _in1 = n;
+        xs = _in0;
+        n = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqExtendMultiple(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, BigInteger n)
+    {
+      BigInteger _0_newLen = ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) + (n)) - (Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(new BigInteger((xs).Count), n));
+      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.SeqExtend(xs, _0_newLen);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> FromNatWithLen(BigInteger n, BigInteger len)
+    {
+      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.SeqExtend(Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.FromNat(n), len);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqZero(BigInteger len) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _0_xs = Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.FromNatWithLen(BigInteger.Zero, len);
+      return _0_xs;
+    }
+    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> SeqAdd(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> ys)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(), BigInteger.Zero);
+      } else {
+        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs0 = Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.SeqAdd(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(ys));
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _0_zs_k = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
+        BigInteger _1_cin = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
+        BigInteger _2_sum = ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) + (_1_cin);
+        _System._ITuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs1 = (((_2_sum) < (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE())) ? (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create(_2_sum, BigInteger.Zero)) : (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create((_2_sum) - (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE()), BigInteger.One)));
+        BigInteger _3_sum__out = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__0;
+        BigInteger _4_cout = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__1;
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_0_zs_k, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(_3_sum__out)), _4_cout);
+      }
+    }
+    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> SeqSub(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> ys)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(), BigInteger.Zero);
+      } else {
+        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs0 = Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.SeqSub(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(ys));
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _0_zs = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
+        BigInteger _1_cin = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
+        _System._ITuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs1 = (((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) >= ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys)) + (_1_cin))) ? (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create(((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) - (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) - (_1_cin), BigInteger.Zero)) : (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create((((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE()) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs))) - (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) - (_1_cin), BigInteger.One)));
+        BigInteger _2_diff__out = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__0;
+        BigInteger _3_cout = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__1;
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_0_zs, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(_2_diff__out)), _3_cout);
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> DIGITS { get {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789");
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> chars { get {
+      return Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.DIGITS;
+    } }
+    public static BigInteger @base { get {
+      return new BigInteger((Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.chars).Count);
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.IMap<Dafny.Rune,BigInteger> charToDigit { get {
+      return Dafny.Map<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('0'), BigInteger.Zero), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('1'), BigInteger.One), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('2'), new BigInteger(2)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('3'), new BigInteger(3)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('4'), new BigInteger(4)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('5'), new BigInteger(5)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('6'), new BigInteger(6)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('7'), new BigInteger(7)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('8'), new BigInteger(8)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('9'), new BigInteger(9)));
+    } }
+  }
+
+  public partial class CharSeq {
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static bool _Is(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> __source) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_chars = __source;
+      return (new BigInteger((_0_chars).Count)) > (BigInteger.One);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public partial class digit {
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger>(BigInteger.Zero);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static bool _Is(BigInteger __source) {
+      BigInteger _1_i = __source;
+      if (_System.nat._Is(_1_i)) {
+        return ((_1_i).Sign != -1) && ((_1_i) < (Std.Strings.DecimalConversion.__default.BASE()));
+      }
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Strings.DecimalConversion
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings_HexConversion.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings_HexConversion.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..57a20d539c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Strings_HexConversion.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Strings.HexConversion {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static BigInteger BASE() {
+      return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.@base;
+    }
+    public static bool IsDigitChar(Dafny.Rune c) {
+      return (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.charToDigit).Contains(c);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfDigits(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> digits) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((digits).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements())) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(), _0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.chars).Select((digits).Select(BigInteger.Zero))), _0___accumulator);
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in0 = (digits).Drop(BigInteger.One);
+        digits = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfNat(BigInteger n) {
+      if ((n).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.chars).Select(BigInteger.Zero));
+      } else {
+        return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.OfDigits(Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.FromNat(n));
+      }
+    }
+    public static bool IsNumberStr(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.Rune minus)
+    {
+      return !(!(str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) || (((((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)) == (minus)) || ((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.charToDigit).Contains((str).Select(BigInteger.Zero)))) && (Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>, bool>>((_0_str) => Dafny.Helpers.Quantifier<Dafny.Rune>(((_0_str).Drop(BigInteger.One)).UniqueElements, true, (((_forall_var_0) => {
+        Dafny.Rune _1_c = (Dafny.Rune)_forall_var_0;
+        return !(((_0_str).Drop(BigInteger.One)).Contains(_1_c)) || (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.IsDigitChar(_1_c));
+      }))))(str)));
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> OfInt(BigInteger n, Dafny.Rune minus)
+    {
+      if ((n).Sign != -1) {
+        return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.OfNat(n);
+      } else {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Concat(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(minus), Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.OfNat((BigInteger.Zero) - (n)));
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger ToNat(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str) {
+      if ((str).Equals(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements())) {
+        return BigInteger.Zero;
+      } else {
+        Dafny.Rune _0_c = (str).Select((new BigInteger((str).Count)) - (BigInteger.One));
+        return ((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.ToNat((str).Take((new BigInteger((str).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))) * (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.@base)) + (Dafny.Map<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>.Select(Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.charToDigit,_0_c));
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger ToInt(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> str, Dafny.Rune minus)
+    {
+      if (Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.IsPrefixOf(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.FromElements(minus), str)) {
+        return (BigInteger.Zero) - (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.ToNat((str).Drop(BigInteger.One)));
+      } else {
+        return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.ToNat(str);
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger ToNatRight(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return BigInteger.Zero;
+      } else {
+        return ((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.ToNatRight(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropFirst<BigInteger>(xs))) * (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE())) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.First<BigInteger>(xs));
+      }
+    }
+    public static BigInteger ToNatLeft(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs) {
+      BigInteger _0___accumulator = BigInteger.Zero;
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return (BigInteger.Zero) + (_0___accumulator);
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) * (Std.Arithmetic.Power.__default.Pow(Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE(), (new BigInteger((xs).Count)) - (BigInteger.One)))) + (_0___accumulator);
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in0 = Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs);
+        xs = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> FromNat(BigInteger n) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements();
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((n).Sign == 0) {
+        return Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements());
+      } else {
+        _0___accumulator = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_0___accumulator, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(n, Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE())));
+        BigInteger _in0 = Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanDivision(n, Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE());
+        n = _in0;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqExtend(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, BigInteger n)
+    {
+    TAIL_CALL_START: ;
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) >= (n)) {
+        return xs;
+      } else {
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _in0 = Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(xs, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(BigInteger.Zero));
+        BigInteger _in1 = n;
+        xs = _in0;
+        n = _in1;
+        goto TAIL_CALL_START;
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqExtendMultiple(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, BigInteger n)
+    {
+      BigInteger _0_newLen = ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)) + (n)) - (Dafny.Helpers.EuclideanModulus(new BigInteger((xs).Count), n));
+      return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.SeqExtend(xs, _0_newLen);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> FromNatWithLen(BigInteger n, BigInteger len)
+    {
+      return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.SeqExtend(Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.FromNat(n), len);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> SeqZero(BigInteger len) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _0_xs = Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.FromNatWithLen(BigInteger.Zero, len);
+      return _0_xs;
+    }
+    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> SeqAdd(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> ys)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(), BigInteger.Zero);
+      } else {
+        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs0 = Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.SeqAdd(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(ys));
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _0_zs_k = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
+        BigInteger _1_cin = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
+        BigInteger _2_sum = ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) + (_1_cin);
+        _System._ITuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs1 = (((_2_sum) < (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE())) ? (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create(_2_sum, BigInteger.Zero)) : (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create((_2_sum) - (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE()), BigInteger.One)));
+        BigInteger _3_sum__out = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__0;
+        BigInteger _4_cout = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__1;
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_0_zs_k, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(_3_sum__out)), _4_cout);
+      }
+    }
+    public static _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> SeqSub(Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> xs, Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> ys)
+    {
+      if ((new BigInteger((xs).Count)).Sign == 0) {
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(), BigInteger.Zero);
+      } else {
+        _System._ITuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs0 = Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.SeqSub(Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(xs), Std.Collections.Seq.__default.DropLast<BigInteger>(ys));
+        Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger> _0_zs = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__0;
+        BigInteger _1_cin = _let_tmp_rhs0.dtor__1;
+        _System._ITuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger> _let_tmp_rhs1 = (((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) >= ((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys)) + (_1_cin))) ? (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create(((Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs)) - (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) - (_1_cin), BigInteger.Zero)) : (_System.Tuple2<BigInteger, BigInteger>.create((((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE()) + (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(xs))) - (Std.Collections.Seq.__default.Last<BigInteger>(ys))) - (_1_cin), BigInteger.One)));
+        BigInteger _2_diff__out = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__0;
+        BigInteger _3_cout = _let_tmp_rhs1.dtor__1;
+        return _System.Tuple2<Dafny.ISequence<BigInteger>, BigInteger>.create(Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.Concat(_0_zs, Dafny.Sequence<BigInteger>.FromElements(_2_diff__out)), _3_cout);
+      }
+    }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> HEX__DIGITS { get {
+      return Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.UnicodeFromString("0123456789ABCDEF");
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> chars { get {
+      return Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.HEX__DIGITS;
+    } }
+    public static BigInteger @base { get {
+      return new BigInteger((Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.chars).Count);
+    } }
+    public static Dafny.IMap<Dafny.Rune,BigInteger> charToDigit { get {
+      return Dafny.Map<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>.FromElements(new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('0'), BigInteger.Zero), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('1'), BigInteger.One), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('2'), new BigInteger(2)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('3'), new BigInteger(3)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('4'), new BigInteger(4)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('5'), new BigInteger(5)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('6'), new BigInteger(6)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('7'), new BigInteger(7)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('8'), new BigInteger(8)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('9'), new BigInteger(9)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('a'), new BigInteger(10)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('b'), new BigInteger(11)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('c'), new BigInteger(12)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('d'), new BigInteger(13)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('e'), new BigInteger(14)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('f'), new BigInteger(15)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('A'), new BigInteger(10)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('B'), new BigInteger(11)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('C'), new BigInteger(12)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('D'), new BigInteger(13)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('E'), new BigInteger(14)), new Dafny.Pair<Dafny.Rune, BigInteger>(new Dafny.Rune('F'), new BigInteger(15)));
+    } }
+  }
+
+  public partial class CharSeq {
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>>(Dafny.Sequence<Dafny.Rune>.Empty);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static bool _Is(Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> __source) {
+      Dafny.ISequence<Dafny.Rune> _0_chars = __source;
+      return (new BigInteger((_0_chars).Count)) > (BigInteger.One);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public partial class digit {
+    private static readonly Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger> _TYPE = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger>(BigInteger.Zero);
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<BigInteger> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return _TYPE;
+    }
+    public static bool _Is(BigInteger __source) {
+      BigInteger _1_i = __source;
+      if (_System.nat._Is(_1_i)) {
+        return ((_1_i).Sign != -1) && ((_1_i) < (Std.Strings.HexConversion.__default.BASE()));
+      }
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Strings.HexConversion
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Wrappers.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Wrappers.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bd2a8af634a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/GeneratedFromDafny/Std_Wrappers.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,548 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into C#
+// To recompile, you will need the libraries
+//     System.Runtime.Numerics.dll System.Collections.Immutable.dll
+// but the 'dotnet' tool in net6.0 should pick those up automatically.
+// Optionally, you may want to include compiler switches like
+//     /debug /nowarn:162,164,168,183,219,436,1717,1718
+
+using System;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Collections;
+#pragma warning disable CS0164 // This label has not been referenced
+#pragma warning disable CS0162 // Unreachable code detected
+#pragma warning disable CS1717 // Assignment made to same variable
+
+namespace Std.Wrappers {
+
+  public partial class __default {
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOutcomeResult<__E> Need<__E>(bool condition, __E error)
+    {
+      if (condition) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.OutcomeResult<__E>.create_Pass_k();
+      } else {
+        return Std.Wrappers.OutcomeResult<__E>.create_Fail_k(error);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IOption<out T> {
+    bool is_None { get; }
+    bool is_Some { get; }
+    T dtor_value { get; }
+    _IOption<__T> DowncastClone<__T>(Func<T, __T> converter0);
+    bool IsFailure();
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<__U> PropagateFailure<__U>();
+    T Extract();
+    Std.Wrappers._IResult<T, __E> ToResult<__E>(__E error);
+    Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<__E> ToOutcome<__E>(__E error);
+  }
+  public abstract class Option<T> : _IOption<T> {
+    public Option() {
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> Default() {
+      return create_None();
+    }
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOption<T>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOption<T>>(Std.Wrappers.Option<T>.Default());
+    }
+    public static _IOption<T> create_None() {
+      return new Option_None<T>();
+    }
+    public static _IOption<T> create_Some(T @value) {
+      return new Option_Some<T>(@value);
+    }
+    public bool is_None { get { return this is Option_None<T>; } }
+    public bool is_Some { get { return this is Option_Some<T>; } }
+    public T dtor_value {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Option_Some<T>)d)._value;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IOption<__T> DowncastClone<__T>(Func<T, __T> converter0);
+    public bool IsFailure() {
+      return (this).is_None;
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<__U> PropagateFailure<__U>() {
+      return Std.Wrappers.Option<__U>.create_None();
+    }
+    public T Extract() {
+      return (this).dtor_value;
+    }
+    public static T GetOr(Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> _this, T @default) {
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> _source0 = _this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Some) {
+          T _0_v = _source0.dtor_value;
+          return _0_v;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return @default;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IResult<T, __E> ToResult<__E>(__E error) {
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Some) {
+          T _0_v = _source0.dtor_value;
+          return Std.Wrappers.Result<T, __E>.create_Success(_0_v);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Result<T, __E>.create_Failure(error);
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<__E> ToOutcome<__E>(__E error) {
+      Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Some) {
+          T _0_v = _source0.dtor_value;
+          return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<__E>.create_Pass();
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<__E>.create_Fail(error);
+      }
+    }
+    public static __FC Map<__FC>(Std.Wrappers._IOption<T> _this, Func<Std.Wrappers._IOption<T>, __FC> rewrap) {
+      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Std.Wrappers._IOption<T>, __FC>>(rewrap)(_this);
+    }
+  }
+  public class Option_None<T> : Option<T> {
+    public Option_None() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IOption<__T> DowncastClone<__T>(Func<T, __T> converter0) {
+      if (this is _IOption<__T> dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Option_None<__T>();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Option_None<T>;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Wrappers.Option.None";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Option_Some<T> : Option<T> {
+    public readonly T _value;
+    public Option_Some(T @value) : base() {
+      this._value = @value;
+    }
+    public override _IOption<__T> DowncastClone<__T>(Func<T, __T> converter0) {
+      if (this is _IOption<__T> dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Option_Some<__T>(converter0(_value));
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Option_Some<T>;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Wrappers.Option.Some";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IResult<out R, out E> {
+    bool is_Success { get; }
+    bool is_Failure { get; }
+    R dtor_value { get; }
+    E dtor_error { get; }
+    _IResult<__R, __E> DowncastClone<__R, __E>(Func<R, __R> converter0, Func<E, __E> converter1);
+    bool IsFailure();
+    Std.Wrappers._IResult<__U, E> PropagateFailure<__U>();
+    R Extract();
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<R> ToOption();
+    Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> ToOutcome();
+  }
+  public abstract class Result<R, E> : _IResult<R, E> {
+    public Result() {
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> Default(R _default_R) {
+      return create_Success(_default_R);
+    }
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E>> _TypeDescriptor(Dafny.TypeDescriptor<R> _td_R) {
+      return new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E>>(Std.Wrappers.Result<R, E>.Default(_td_R.Default()));
+    }
+    public static _IResult<R, E> create_Success(R @value) {
+      return new Result_Success<R, E>(@value);
+    }
+    public static _IResult<R, E> create_Failure(E error) {
+      return new Result_Failure<R, E>(error);
+    }
+    public bool is_Success { get { return this is Result_Success<R, E>; } }
+    public bool is_Failure { get { return this is Result_Failure<R, E>; } }
+    public R dtor_value {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Result_Success<R, E>)d)._value;
+      }
+    }
+    public E dtor_error {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Result_Failure<R, E>)d)._error;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IResult<__R, __E> DowncastClone<__R, __E>(Func<R, __R> converter0, Func<E, __E> converter1);
+    public bool IsFailure() {
+      return (this).is_Failure;
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IResult<__U, E> PropagateFailure<__U>() {
+      return Std.Wrappers.Result<__U, E>.create_Failure((this).dtor_error);
+    }
+    public R Extract() {
+      return (this).dtor_value;
+    }
+    public static R GetOr(Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _this, R @default) {
+      Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _source0 = _this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Success) {
+          R _0_s = _source0.dtor_value;
+          return _0_s;
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        E _1_e = _source0.dtor_error;
+        return @default;
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<R> ToOption() {
+      Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Success) {
+          R _0_s = _source0.dtor_value;
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<R>.create_Some(_0_s);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        E _1_e = _source0.dtor_error;
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<R>.create_None();
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> ToOutcome() {
+      Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Success) {
+          R _0_s = _source0.dtor_value;
+          return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<E>.create_Pass();
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        E _1_e = _source0.dtor_error;
+        return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<E>.create_Fail(_1_e);
+      }
+    }
+    public static __FC Map<__FC>(Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _this, Func<Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E>, __FC> rewrap) {
+      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E>, __FC>>(rewrap)(_this);
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, __NewE> MapFailure<__NewE>(Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _this, Func<E, __NewE> reWrap) {
+      Std.Wrappers._IResult<R, E> _source0 = _this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Success) {
+          R _0_s = _source0.dtor_value;
+          return Std.Wrappers.Result<R, __NewE>.create_Success(_0_s);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        E _1_e = _source0.dtor_error;
+        return Std.Wrappers.Result<R, __NewE>.create_Failure(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<E, __NewE>>(reWrap)(_1_e));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class Result_Success<R, E> : Result<R, E> {
+    public readonly R _value;
+    public Result_Success(R @value) : base() {
+      this._value = @value;
+    }
+    public override _IResult<__R, __E> DowncastClone<__R, __E>(Func<R, __R> converter0, Func<E, __E> converter1) {
+      if (this is _IResult<__R, __E> dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Result_Success<__R, __E>(converter0(_value));
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Result_Success<R, E>;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._value, oth._value);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._value));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Wrappers.Result.Success";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._value);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Result_Failure<R, E> : Result<R, E> {
+    public readonly E _error;
+    public Result_Failure(E error) : base() {
+      this._error = error;
+    }
+    public override _IResult<__R, __E> DowncastClone<__R, __E>(Func<R, __R> converter0, Func<E, __E> converter1) {
+      if (this is _IResult<__R, __E> dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Result_Failure<__R, __E>(converter1(_error));
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Result_Failure<R, E>;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._error, oth._error);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._error));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Wrappers.Result.Failure";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._error);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IOutcome<out E> {
+    bool is_Pass { get; }
+    bool is_Fail { get; }
+    E dtor_error { get; }
+    _IOutcome<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0);
+    bool IsFailure();
+    Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> PropagateFailure();
+    Std.Wrappers._IOption<__R> ToOption<__R>(__R r);
+    Std.Wrappers._IResult<__R, E> ToResult<__R>(__R r);
+  }
+  public abstract class Outcome<E> : _IOutcome<E> {
+    public Outcome() {
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> Default() {
+      return create_Pass();
+    }
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E>>(Std.Wrappers.Outcome<E>.Default());
+    }
+    public static _IOutcome<E> create_Pass() {
+      return new Outcome_Pass<E>();
+    }
+    public static _IOutcome<E> create_Fail(E error) {
+      return new Outcome_Fail<E>(error);
+    }
+    public bool is_Pass { get { return this is Outcome_Pass<E>; } }
+    public bool is_Fail { get { return this is Outcome_Fail<E>; } }
+    public E dtor_error {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((Outcome_Fail<E>)d)._error;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IOutcome<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0);
+    public bool IsFailure() {
+      return (this).is_Fail;
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> PropagateFailure() {
+      return this;
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IOption<__R> ToOption<__R>(__R r) {
+      Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Pass) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Option<__R>.create_Some(r);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        E _0_e = _source0.dtor_error;
+        return Std.Wrappers.Option<__R>.create_None();
+      }
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IResult<__R, E> ToResult<__R>(__R r) {
+      Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> _source0 = this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Pass) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Result<__R, E>.create_Success(r);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        E _0_e = _source0.dtor_error;
+        return Std.Wrappers.Result<__R, E>.create_Failure(_0_e);
+      }
+    }
+    public static __FC Map<__FC>(Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> _this, Func<Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E>, __FC> rewrap) {
+      return Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E>, __FC>>(rewrap)(_this);
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IResult<__T, __NewE> MapFailure<__T, __NewE>(Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> _this, Func<E, __NewE> rewrap, __T @default)
+    {
+      Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> _source0 = _this;
+      {
+        if (_source0.is_Pass) {
+          return Std.Wrappers.Result<__T, __NewE>.create_Success(@default);
+        }
+      }
+      {
+        E _0_e = _source0.dtor_error;
+        return Std.Wrappers.Result<__T, __NewE>.create_Failure(Dafny.Helpers.Id<Func<E, __NewE>>(rewrap)(_0_e));
+      }
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOutcome<E> Need(bool condition, E error)
+    {
+      if (condition) {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<E>.create_Pass();
+      } else {
+        return Std.Wrappers.Outcome<E>.create_Fail(error);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  public class Outcome_Pass<E> : Outcome<E> {
+    public Outcome_Pass() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IOutcome<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0) {
+      if (this is _IOutcome<__E> dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Outcome_Pass<__E>();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Outcome_Pass<E>;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Wrappers.Outcome.Pass";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class Outcome_Fail<E> : Outcome<E> {
+    public readonly E _error;
+    public Outcome_Fail(E error) : base() {
+      this._error = error;
+    }
+    public override _IOutcome<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0) {
+      if (this is _IOutcome<__E> dt) { return dt; }
+      return new Outcome_Fail<__E>(converter0(_error));
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.Outcome_Fail<E>;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._error, oth._error);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._error));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Wrappers.Outcome.Fail";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._error);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public interface _IOutcomeResult<out E> {
+    bool is_Pass_k { get; }
+    bool is_Fail_k { get; }
+    E dtor_error { get; }
+    _IOutcomeResult<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0);
+    bool IsFailure();
+    Std.Wrappers._IResult<__U, E> PropagateFailure<__U>();
+  }
+  public abstract class OutcomeResult<E> : _IOutcomeResult<E> {
+    public OutcomeResult() {
+    }
+    public static Std.Wrappers._IOutcomeResult<E> Default() {
+      return create_Pass_k();
+    }
+    public static Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOutcomeResult<E>> _TypeDescriptor() {
+      return new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<Std.Wrappers._IOutcomeResult<E>>(Std.Wrappers.OutcomeResult<E>.Default());
+    }
+    public static _IOutcomeResult<E> create_Pass_k() {
+      return new OutcomeResult_Pass_k<E>();
+    }
+    public static _IOutcomeResult<E> create_Fail_k(E error) {
+      return new OutcomeResult_Fail_k<E>(error);
+    }
+    public bool is_Pass_k { get { return this is OutcomeResult_Pass_k<E>; } }
+    public bool is_Fail_k { get { return this is OutcomeResult_Fail_k<E>; } }
+    public E dtor_error {
+      get {
+        var d = this;
+        return ((OutcomeResult_Fail_k<E>)d)._error;
+      }
+    }
+    public abstract _IOutcomeResult<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0);
+    public bool IsFailure() {
+      return (this).is_Fail_k;
+    }
+    public Std.Wrappers._IResult<__U, E> PropagateFailure<__U>() {
+      return Std.Wrappers.Result<__U, E>.create_Failure((this).dtor_error);
+    }
+  }
+  public class OutcomeResult_Pass_k<E> : OutcomeResult<E> {
+    public OutcomeResult_Pass_k() : base() {
+    }
+    public override _IOutcomeResult<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0) {
+      if (this is _IOutcomeResult<__E> dt) { return dt; }
+      return new OutcomeResult_Pass_k<__E>();
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.OutcomeResult_Pass_k<E>;
+      return oth != null;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 0;
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Wrappers.OutcomeResult.Pass'";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+  public class OutcomeResult_Fail_k<E> : OutcomeResult<E> {
+    public readonly E _error;
+    public OutcomeResult_Fail_k(E error) : base() {
+      this._error = error;
+    }
+    public override _IOutcomeResult<__E> DowncastClone<__E>(Func<E, __E> converter0) {
+      if (this is _IOutcomeResult<__E> dt) { return dt; }
+      return new OutcomeResult_Fail_k<__E>(converter0(_error));
+    }
+    public override bool Equals(object other) {
+      var oth = other as Std.Wrappers.OutcomeResult_Fail_k<E>;
+      return oth != null && object.Equals(this._error, oth._error);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() {
+      ulong hash = 5381;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + 1;
+      hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + ((ulong)Dafny.Helpers.GetHashCode(this._error));
+      return (int) hash;
+    }
+    public override string ToString() {
+      string s = "Wrappers.OutcomeResult.Fail'";
+      s += "(";
+      s += Dafny.Helpers.ToString(this._error);
+      s += ")";
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+} // end of namespace Std.Wrappers
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/BatchErrorReporter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/BatchErrorReporter.cs
index bdbbe7e36f9..b795fd089a4 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/BatchErrorReporter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/BatchErrorReporter.cs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ protected override bool MessageCore(MessageSource source, ErrorLevel level, stri
       return false;
     }
 
-    var dafnyDiagnostic = new DafnyDiagnostic(new MessageSourceBasedPhase(source), errorId, tok, msg, source, level, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>());
+    var dafnyDiagnostic = new DafnyDiagnostic(source, errorId, tok, msg, level, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>());
     AllMessages.Add(dafnyDiagnostic);
     AllMessagesByLevel[level].Add(dafnyDiagnostic);
     return true;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Lists.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Lists.cs
index d38e6ff523c..9d9e31a7f87 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Lists.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Lists.cs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ public class ConcatReadOnlyLists<T> : IReadOnlyList<T> {
   public ConcatReadOnlyLists(IReadOnlyList<T> left, IReadOnlyList<T> right) {
     Left = left;
     Right = right;
+    Count = left.Count + right.Count;
   }
 
   public IReadOnlyList<T> Left { get; }
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@ IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() {
     return GetEnumerator();
   }
 
-  public int Count => Left.Count + Right.Count;
+  public int Count { get; private set; }
 
   public T this[int index] => index < Left.Count ? Left[index] : Right[index - Left.Count];
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Name.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Name.cs
index db7e4d61f7c..adee7f15212 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Name.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Name.cs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 public class Name : RangeNode {
 
   public Name Prepend(string prefix) {
-    return new Name(RangeToken, prefix + Value);
+    return new Name(RangeToken.MakeAutoGenerated(), prefix + Value);
   }
 
   public Name Append(string suffix) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Node.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Node.cs
index 8af38a147e8..4567eaa2bfd 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Node.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Node.cs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public interface INode {
+  bool SingleFileToken { get; }
   public IToken StartToken => RangeToken.StartToken;
   public IToken EndToken => RangeToken.EndToken;
   IEnumerable<IToken> OwnedTokens { get; }
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ public abstract class Node : INode {
 
   protected IReadOnlyList<IToken> OwnedTokensCache;
 
+  public virtual bool SingleFileToken => true;
   public IToken StartToken => RangeToken?.StartToken;
 
   public IToken EndToken => RangeToken?.EndToken;
@@ -56,6 +58,9 @@ public abstract class Node : INode {
   public IEnumerable<IToken> CoveredTokens {
     get {
       var token = StartToken;
+      if (token == Token.NoToken) {
+        yield break;
+      }
       while (token.Prev != EndToken) {
         yield return token;
         token = token.Next;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/NodeExtensions.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/NodeExtensions.cs
index 27c1baaa56f..08f5a17187a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/NodeExtensions.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/NodeExtensions.cs
@@ -129,7 +129,9 @@ private static LList<INode> FindNodeChain(this INode node, Uri uri, DafnyPositio
         return node.FindNodeChain(position, parent, predicate);
       }
 
-      return null;
+      if (node.SingleFileToken) {
+        return null;
+      }
     }
 
     var newParent = new LList<INode>(node, parent);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/ReporterExtensions.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/ReporterExtensions.cs
index 2c7db254918..1a3efcdc2e0 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/ReporterExtensions.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/ReporterExtensions.cs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ public static void ReportBoogieError(this ErrorReporter reporter, ErrorInformati
     var usingSnippets = reporter.Options.Get(Snippets.ShowSnippets);
     var relatedInformation = new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>();
     foreach (var auxiliaryInformation in error.Aux) {
-      if (auxiliaryInformation.Category == RelatedMessageCategory) {
+      if (auxiliaryInformation.Category == RelatedMessageCategory || auxiliaryInformation.Category == AssertedExprCategory) {
         error.Msg += "\n" + auxiliaryInformation.FullMsg;
       } else if (auxiliaryInformation.Category == RelatedLocationCategory) {
         relatedInformation.AddRange(CreateDiagnosticRelatedInformationFor(BoogieGenerator.ToDafnyToken(true, auxiliaryInformation.Tok), auxiliaryInformation.Msg, usingSnippets));
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ public static void ReportBoogieError(this ErrorReporter reporter, ErrorInformati
   private const string RelatedLocationCategory = "Related location";
   public const string RelatedLocationMessage = RelatedLocationCategory;
   private const string RelatedMessageCategory = "Related message";
-  public static readonly string PostConditionFailingMessage = new ProofObligationDescription.EnsuresDescription(null, null).FailureDescription;
+  public const string AssertedExprCategory = "Asserted expression";
+  public static readonly string PostConditionFailingMessage = new ProofObligationDescription.EnsuresDescription(null, null, null).FailureDescription;
   private static string FormatRelated(string related) {
     return $"Could not prove: {related}";
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Reporting.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Reporting.cs
index e38b2884ec4..f982a92bd8b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Reporting.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Reporting.cs
@@ -7,24 +7,6 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
 
-  public record MessageSourceBasedPhase(MessageSource MessageSource) : IPhase {
-    public IPhase? Parent => null;
-  }
-
-  public record SingletonPhase(IPhase Parent, object Key) : IPhase;
-
-
-  /// <summary>
-  /// A phase of compilation
-  /// 
-  /// A phases can have a parent, and so phases form a tree.
-  ///
-  /// The children of a phase, are the phases that are discovered and completed as phase of that parent.
-  /// </summary>
-  public interface IPhase {
-    IPhase? Parent { get; }
-  }
-
   public enum ErrorLevel {
     Info, Warning, Error
   }
@@ -34,8 +16,7 @@ public enum MessageSource {
   }
 
   public record DafnyRelatedInformation(IToken Token, string Message);
-  public record DafnyDiagnostic(IPhase Phase, string ErrorId, IToken Token, string Message,
-    MessageSource Source, ErrorLevel Level,
+  public record DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource Source, string ErrorId, IToken Token, string Message, ErrorLevel Level,
     IReadOnlyList<DafnyRelatedInformation> RelatedInformation);
 
   public class ErrorReporterSink : ErrorReporter {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Util.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Util.cs
index 6c76a5a0a02..d52650ab2d2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Util.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Generic/Util.cs
@@ -281,8 +281,12 @@ public static string RemoveEscaping(DafnyOptions options, string s, bool isVerba
     public static readonly Regex UnicodeEscape = new Regex(@"\\U\{([0-9a-fA-F_]+)\}");
     private static readonly Regex NullEscape = new Regex(@"\\0");
 
-    private static string ToUtf16Escape(char c) {
-      return $"\\u{(int)c:x4}";
+    private static string ToUtf16Escape(char c, bool addBraces = false) {
+      if (addBraces) {
+        return $"\\u{{{(int)c:x4}}}";
+      } else {
+        return $"\\u{(int)c:x4}";
+      }
     }
 
     public static string ReplaceTokensWithEscapes(string s, Regex pattern, MatchEvaluator evaluator) {
@@ -322,6 +326,10 @@ public static string ReplaceNullEscapesWithCharacterEscapes(string s) {
       return ReplaceTokensWithEscapes(s, NullEscape, match => "\\u0000");
     }
 
+    public static IEnumerable<int> UnescapedCharacters(DafnyOptions options, string p, bool isVerbatimString) {
+      return UnescapedCharacters(options.Get(CommonOptionBag.UnicodeCharacters), p, isVerbatimString);
+    }
+
     /// <summary>
     /// Returns the characters of the well-parsed string p, replacing any
     /// escaped characters by the actual characters.
@@ -330,8 +338,7 @@ public static string ReplaceNullEscapesWithCharacterEscapes(string s) {
     /// if --unicode-char is enabled - these are synthesized by the parser when
     /// reading the original UTF-8 source, but don't represent the true character values.
     /// </summary>
-    public static IEnumerable<int> UnescapedCharacters(DafnyOptions options, string p, bool isVerbatimString) {
-      var unicodeChars = options.Get(CommonOptionBag.UnicodeCharacters);
+    public static IEnumerable<int> UnescapedCharacters(bool unicodeChars, string p, bool isVerbatimString) {
       if (isVerbatimString) {
         foreach (var s in TokensWithEscapes(p, true)) {
           if (s == "\"\"") {
@@ -902,7 +909,7 @@ public bool Traverse(MemberDecl memberDeclaration, [CanBeNull] string field, [Ca
           return true;
         }
       } else if (memberDeclaration is Function f) {
-        if (f.Formals.Any(Traverse)) {
+        if (f.Ins.Any(Traverse)) {
           return true;
         }
         if (f.Result != null && f.Result.DefaultValue != null && Traverse(f.Result.DefaultValue, "Result.DefaultValue", f)) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Makefile b/Source/DafnyCore/Makefile
index 3efb0477a11..60c0ad6123e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Makefile
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Makefile
@@ -17,7 +17,17 @@ build-regenerated-from-dafny:
 	./DafnyGeneratedFromDafny.sh $(REGENERATED_FROM_DAFNY)
 
 test: build-regenerated-from-dafny
-	(diff $(GENERATED_FROM_DAFNY).cs $(REGENERATED_FROM_DAFNY).cs && (echo 'Consider running ./DafnyGeneratedFromDafny.sh GeneratedFromDafny'))
+	(diff $(GENERATED_FROM_DAFNY) $(REGENERATED_FROM_DAFNY) || (echo 'Consider running `make dfy-to-cs`'; exit 1; ))
+	(diff ../DafnyCore.Test/$(GENERATED_FROM_DAFNY) ../DafnyCore.Test/$(REGENERATED_FROM_DAFNY) || (echo 'Consider running `make dfy-to-cs`'; exit 1; ))
+	rm -rf $(REGENERATED_FROM_DAFNY)
+	rm -rf ../DafnyCore.Test/$(REGENERATED_FROM_DAFNY)
+
+format:
+	../../Scripts/dafny format .
 
 check-format:
 	../../Scripts/dafny format . --check
+
+extract:
+	(cd Prelude; make; cd ..)
+	cp Prelude/DafnyPrelude.bpl .
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/BoogieOptionBag.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/BoogieOptionBag.cs
index 359acea2fc7..27deded318f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/BoogieOptionBag.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/BoogieOptionBag.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Transactions;
 using DafnyCore;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -43,9 +44,11 @@ public static class BoogieOptionBag {
     ArgumentHelpName = "count",
   };
 
-  public static readonly Option<bool> NoVerify = new("--no-verify",
-    "Skip verification") {
-    ArgumentHelpName = "count"
+  public static readonly Option<bool> NoVerify = new("--no-verify", "Skip verification");
+
+  public static readonly Option<bool> HiddenNoVerify = new("--hidden-no-verify",
+    "Allows building unverified libraries without recording that they were not verified.") {
+    IsHidden = true
   };
 
   public static readonly Option<uint> VerificationTimeLimit = new("--verification-time-limit",
@@ -104,7 +107,10 @@ static BoogieOptionBag() {
     });
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(Cores,
       (o, f) => o.VcsCores = f == 0 ? (1 + System.Environment.ProcessorCount) / 2 : (int)f);
-    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(NoVerify, (o, f) => o.Verify = !f);
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(NoVerify, (options, value) => {
+      var shouldVerify = !value && !options.Get(HiddenNoVerify);
+      options.Verify = shouldVerify;
+    });
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(VerificationTimeLimit, (o, f) => o.TimeLimit = f);
 
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(SolverPath, (options, value) => {
@@ -137,24 +143,19 @@ static BoogieOptionBag() {
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(IsolateAssertions, (o, v) => o.VcsSplitOnEveryAssert = v);
 
 
-    DooFile.RegisterLibraryChecks(
-      new Dictionary<Option, DooFile.OptionCheck> {
-        { BoogieArguments, DooFile.CheckOptionMatches },
-        { NoVerify, DooFile.CheckOptionLibraryImpliesLocal },
-      }
-    );
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(
-      Cores,
-      VerificationTimeLimit,
-      VerificationErrorLimit,
-      IsolateAssertions,
-      SolverLog,
-      SolverOption,
-      SolverOptionHelp,
-      SolverPath,
-      SolverPlugin,
-      SolverResourceLimit
-    );
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(BoogieArguments, OptionCompatibility.CheckOptionMatches);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(NoVerify, OptionCompatibility.OptionLibraryImpliesLocalError);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(HiddenNoVerify, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(Cores, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(VerificationTimeLimit, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(VerificationErrorLimit, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(IsolateAssertions, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(SolverLog, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(SolverOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(SolverOptionHelp, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(SolverPath, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(SolverPlugin, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(SolverResourceLimit, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 
   private static IReadOnlyList<string> SplitArguments(string commandLine) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/CommonOptionBag.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/CommonOptionBag.cs
index f461a222ec1..634f5a206e4 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/CommonOptionBag.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/CommonOptionBag.cs
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.CommandLine;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using DafnyCore;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using Serilog.Events;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -51,10 +54,6 @@ public enum AssertionShowMode { None, Implicit, All }
   public static readonly Option<bool> StdIn = new("--stdin", () => false,
     @"Read standard input and treat it as an input .dfy file.");
 
-  public static readonly Option<bool> Check = new("--check", () => false, @"
-Instead of formatting files, verify that all files are already
-formatted through and return a non-zero exit code if it is not the case".TrimStart());
-
   public static readonly Option<bool> OptimizeErasableDatatypeWrapper = new("--optimize-erasable-datatype-wrapper", () => true, @"
 false - Include all non-ghost datatype constructors in the compiled code
 true - In the compiled target code, transform any non-extern
@@ -198,6 +197,13 @@ Note that quantifier variable domains (<- <Domain>) are available in both syntax
     IsHidden = true
   };
 
+  public static readonly Option<bool> RawPointers = new("--raw-pointers", () => false,
+    @"(backend-specific: Rust)
+false - All class instances are reference-counted or garbage collected
+true - All class instances are raw pointers and need to be manually deallocated") {
+    IsHidden = true
+  };
+
   public static readonly Option<bool> AllowAxioms = new("--allow-axioms", () => false,
     "Prevents a warning from being generated for axioms, such as assume statements and functions or methods without a body, that don't have an {:axiom} attribute.") {
   };
@@ -249,6 +255,11 @@ public enum GeneralTraitsOptions {
   public static readonly Option<bool> UseBaseFileName = new("--use-basename-for-filename",
     "When parsing use basename of file for tokens instead of the path supplied on the command line") {
   };
+  public static readonly Option<bool> EmitUncompilableCode = new("--emit-uncompilable-code",
+    "Rather than throwing an exception, allow compilers to emit uncompilable information including what is " +
+    "not compilable instead of regular code. Useful when developing compilers or to document for each test what " +
+    "compiler feature is missing") {
+  };
   public static readonly Option<bool> SpillTranslation = new("--spill-translation",
     @"In case the Dafny source code is translated to another language, emit that translation.") {
   };
@@ -315,14 +326,6 @@ public enum SystemModuleMode {
     IsHidden = true
   };
 
-  public static readonly Option<bool> UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriterOption = new("--javadoclike-docstring-plugin",
-    "Rewrite docstrings using a simple Javadoc-to-markdown converter"
-  );
-
-  public static readonly Option<bool> ReadsClausesOnMethods = new("--reads-clauses-on-methods",
-    "Allows reads clauses on methods (with a default of 'reads *') as well as functions."
-  );
-
   public enum TestAssumptionsMode {
     None,
     Externs
@@ -359,6 +362,12 @@ Allow Dafny code to depend on the standard libraries included with the Dafny dis
 If verification fails, report a detailed counterexample for the first failing assertion (experimental).".TrimStart()) {
   };
 
+  public static readonly Option<bool> ShowProofObligationExpressions = new("--show-proof-obligation-expressions", () => false,
+    @"
+(Experimental) Show Dafny expressions corresponding to unverified proof obligations.".TrimStart()) {
+    IsHidden = true
+  };
+
   static CommonOptionBag() {
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(WarnAsErrors, (options, value) => {
       if (!options.Get(AllowWarnings) && !options.Get(WarnAsErrors)) {
@@ -460,7 +469,7 @@ void ParsePrintMode(Option<PrintModes> option, Boogie.CommandLineParseState ps,
         } else if (ps.args[ps.i].Equals("NoIncludes")) {
           options.Set(option, PrintModes.NoIncludes);
         } else if (ps.args[ps.i].Equals("NoGhost")) {
-          options.Set(option, PrintModes.NoGhost);
+          options.Set(option, PrintModes.NoGhostOrIncludes);
         } else if (ps.args[ps.i].Equals("DllEmbed")) {
           // This is called DllEmbed because it was previously only used inside Dafny-compiled .dll files for C#,
           // but it is now used by the LibraryBackend when building .doo files as well. 
@@ -473,10 +482,6 @@ void ParsePrintMode(Option<PrintModes> option, Boogie.CommandLineParseState ps,
 
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyUi(AddCompileSuffix, DafnyOptions.ParseBoolean, "Compilation options", "compileSuffix");
 
-    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyUi(ReadsClausesOnMethods, DafnyOptions.ParseBoolean, "Language feature selection", "readsClausesOnMethods", @"
-0 (default) - Reads clauses on methods are forbidden.
-1 - Reads clauses on methods are permitted (with a default of 'reads *').".TrimStart(), defaultValue: false);
-
     QuantifierSyntax = QuantifierSyntax.FromAmong("3", "4");
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(JsonDiagnostics, (options, value) => {
       if (value) {
@@ -497,8 +502,6 @@ void ParsePrintMode(Option<PrintModes> option, Boogie.CommandLineParseState ps,
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(InternalIncludeRuntimeOptionForExecution, (options, value) => { options.IncludeRuntime = value; });
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(SystemModule, (options, value) => { options.SystemModuleTranslationMode = value; });
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(UseBaseFileName, (o, f) => o.UseBaseNameForFileName = f);
-    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriterOption,
-      (options, value) => { options.UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriter = value; });
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(WarnShadowing, (options, value) => { options.WarnShadowing = value; });
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(WarnMissingConstructorParenthesis,
       (options, value) => { options.DisallowConstructorCaseWithoutParentheses = value; });
@@ -518,18 +521,10 @@ void ParsePrintMode(Option<PrintModes> option, Boogie.CommandLineParseState ps,
 
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(PluginOption, (options, value) => { options.AdditionalPluginArguments = value; });
 
-    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(Check, (options, value) => {
-      options.FormatCheck = value;
-    });
-
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(StdIn, (options, value) => {
       options.UseStdin = value;
     });
 
-    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(FormatPrint, (options, value) => {
-      options.DafnyPrintFile = value ? "-" : null;
-    });
-
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(Prelude, (options, value) => {
       options.DafnyPrelude = value?.FullName;
       options.ExpandFilename(options.DafnyPrelude, x => options.DafnyPrelude = x, options.LogPrefix,
@@ -550,7 +545,9 @@ void ParsePrintMode(Option<PrintModes> option, Boogie.CommandLineParseState ps,
 
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(EnforceDeterminism, (options, value) => {
       options.ForbidNondeterminism = value;
-      options.DefiniteAssignmentLevel = 4;
+      if (!options.Get(RelaxDefiniteAssignment)) {
+        options.DefiniteAssignmentLevel = 4;
+      }
     });
     RelaxDefiniteAssignment.AddValidator(optionResult => {
       var enforceDeterminismResult = optionResult.FindResultFor(EnforceDeterminism);
@@ -571,76 +568,68 @@ void ParsePrintMode(Option<PrintModes> option, Boogie.CommandLineParseState ps,
       options.EnhancedErrorMessages = 1;
     });
 
-    DooFile.RegisterLibraryChecks(
-      new Dictionary<Option, DooFile.OptionCheck>() {
-        { UnicodeCharacters, DooFile.CheckOptionMatches },
-        { EnforceDeterminism, DooFile.CheckOptionLocalImpliesLibrary },
-        { RelaxDefiniteAssignment, DooFile.CheckOptionLibraryImpliesLocal },
-        { ReadsClausesOnMethods, DooFile.CheckOptionLocalImpliesLibrary },
-        { AllowAxioms, DooFile.CheckOptionLibraryImpliesLocal },
-        { AllowWarnings, (reporter, origin, option, localValue, libraryFile, libraryValue) => {
-            if (DooFile.OptionValuesImplied(libraryValue, localValue)) {
-              return true;
-            }
-            string message = DooFile.LocalImpliesLibraryMessage(option, localValue, libraryFile, libraryValue);
-            reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Project, ResolutionErrors.ErrorId.none, origin, message);
-            return false;
-          }
-        }
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(ShowProofObligationExpressions, (options, value) => {
+      options.ShowProofObligationExpressions = value;
+    });
+
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(RawPointers, (options, value) => {
+      if (value && options.Get(CommonOptionBag.Target) != "rs") {
+        Console.Error.WriteLine("Error:  --raw-pointers can only be used with --target:rs or -t:rs");
+        System.Environment.Exit(1);
       }
-    );
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(
-      WarnAsErrors,
-      ProgressOption,
-      LogLocation,
-      LogLevelOption,
-      ManualTriggerOption,
-      ShowHints,
-      Check,
-      Libraries,
-      Output,
-      PluginOption,
-      Prelude,
-      Target,
-      Verbose,
-      AllowDeprecation,
-      FormatPrint,
-      JsonDiagnostics,
-      QuantifierSyntax,
-      SpillTranslation,
-      StdIn,
-      TestAssumptions,
-      WarnShadowing,
-      ManualLemmaInduction,
-      TypeInferenceDebug,
-      GeneralTraits,
-      GeneralNewtypes,
-      TypeSystemRefresh,
-      VerificationLogFormat,
-      VerifyIncludedFiles,
-      DisableNonLinearArithmetic,
-      NewTypeInferenceDebug,
-      UseBaseFileName,
-      WarnMissingConstructorParenthesis,
-      UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriterOption,
-      IncludeRuntimeOption,
-      InternalIncludeRuntimeOptionForExecution,
-      WarnContradictoryAssumptions,
-      WarnRedundantAssumptions,
-      VerificationCoverageReport,
-      NoTimeStampForCoverageReport,
-      DefaultFunctionOpacity,
-      UseStandardLibraries,
-      OptimizeErasableDatatypeWrapper,
-      AddCompileSuffix,
-      SystemModule,
-      ExecutionCoverageReport,
-      ExtractCounterexample
-      );
-  }
+    });
 
-  public static readonly Option<bool> FormatPrint = new("--print",
-    @"Print Dafny program to stdout after formatting it instead of altering the files.") {
-  };
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(UnicodeCharacters, OptionCompatibility.CheckOptionMatches);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(EnforceDeterminism, OptionCompatibility.CheckOptionLocalImpliesLibrary);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(RelaxDefiniteAssignment, OptionCompatibility.OptionLibraryImpliesLocalError);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(AllowAxioms, OptionCompatibility.OptionLibraryImpliesLocalError);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(AllowWarnings, OptionCompatibility.OptionLibraryImpliesLocalWarning);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(AllowDeprecation, OptionCompatibility.OptionLibraryImpliesLocalWarning);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(WarnShadowing, OptionCompatibility.OptionLibraryImpliesLocalWarning);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterGlobalOption(UseStandardLibraries, OptionCompatibility.OptionLibraryImpliesLocalError);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(WarnAsErrors, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ProgressOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(LogLocation, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(LogLevelOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ManualTriggerOption, OptionScope.Module);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ShowHints, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(Libraries, OptionScope.Module);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(Output, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(PluginOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(Prelude, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(Target, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(Verbose, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(JsonDiagnostics, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(QuantifierSyntax, OptionScope.Module);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(SpillTranslation, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(StdIn, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(TestAssumptions, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ManualLemmaInduction, OptionScope.Module);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(TypeInferenceDebug, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(GeneralTraits, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(GeneralNewtypes, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(TypeSystemRefresh, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(VerificationLogFormat, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(VerifyIncludedFiles, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(DisableNonLinearArithmetic, OptionScope.Module);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(NewTypeInferenceDebug, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(UseBaseFileName, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(EmitUncompilableCode, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(RawPointers, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(WarnMissingConstructorParenthesis, OptionScope.Module);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(IncludeRuntimeOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(InternalIncludeRuntimeOptionForExecution, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(WarnContradictoryAssumptions, OptionScope.Module);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(WarnRedundantAssumptions, OptionScope.Module);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(VerificationCoverageReport, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(NoTimeStampForCoverageReport, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(DefaultFunctionOpacity, OptionScope.Module);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(OptimizeErasableDatatypeWrapper, OptionScope.Cli); // TODO needs translation record registration
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(AddCompileSuffix, OptionScope.Cli);  // TODO needs translation record registration
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(SystemModule, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ExecutionCoverageReport, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ExtractCounterexample, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ShowProofObligationExpressions, OptionScope.Cli);
+  }
 }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DafnyCommands.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DafnyCommands.cs
index a0e8f66cb57..414d389f47a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DafnyCommands.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DafnyCommands.cs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using DafnyCore;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -19,12 +20,7 @@ static DafnyCommands() {
     }, false, "Dafny input files and/or a Dafny project file");
   }
 
-  public static IEnumerable<Option> FormatOptions => new Option[] {
-    CommonOptionBag.Check,
-    CommonOptionBag.FormatPrint,
-  }.Concat(ParserOptions);
-
-  public static IReadOnlyList<Option> VerificationOptions = new Option[] {
+  public static readonly IReadOnlyList<Option> VerificationOptions = new Option[] {
     CommonOptionBag.ProgressOption,
     CommonOptionBag.RelaxDefiniteAssignment,
     BoogieOptionBag.VerificationTimeLimit,
@@ -48,17 +44,20 @@ static DafnyCommands() {
     CommonOptionBag.NoTimeStampForCoverageReport,
     CommonOptionBag.VerificationCoverageReport,
     CommonOptionBag.ExtractCounterexample,
-    CommonOptionBag.ManualTriggerOption
+    CommonOptionBag.ManualTriggerOption,
+    CommonOptionBag.ShowProofObligationExpressions
   }.ToList();
 
-  public static IReadOnlyList<Option> TranslationOptions = new Option[] {
+  public static readonly IReadOnlyList<Option> TranslationOptions = new Option[] {
     BoogieOptionBag.NoVerify,
-    CommonOptionBag.EnforceDeterminism,
+    BoogieOptionBag.HiddenNoVerify,
     CommonOptionBag.OptimizeErasableDatatypeWrapper,
     CommonOptionBag.TestAssumptions,
     DeveloperOptionBag.Bootstrapping,
     CommonOptionBag.AddCompileSuffix,
-    CommonOptionBag.SystemModule
+    CommonOptionBag.SystemModule,
+    IExecutableBackend.TranslationRecords,
+    ModuleDefinition.LegacyModuleNames
   }.Concat(VerificationOptions).ToList();
 
   public static readonly IReadOnlyList<Option> ExecutionOptions = new Option[] {
@@ -72,6 +71,8 @@ static DafnyCommands() {
     Snippets.ShowSnippets,
     DeveloperOptionBag.PrintOption,
     DeveloperOptionBag.ResolvedPrint,
+    DeveloperOptionBag.SplitPrint,
+    DeveloperOptionBag.PassivePrint,
     DeveloperOptionBag.BoogiePrint,
     Printer.PrintMode,
     CommonOptionBag.AllowWarnings,
@@ -89,13 +90,15 @@ static DafnyCommands() {
     Function.FunctionSyntaxOption,
     CommonOptionBag.QuantifierSyntax,
     CommonOptionBag.UnicodeCharacters,
+    CommonOptionBag.RawPointers,
     CommonOptionBag.UseBaseFileName,
+    CommonOptionBag.EmitUncompilableCode,
     CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraits,
     CommonOptionBag.GeneralNewtypes,
     CommonOptionBag.TypeSystemRefresh,
     CommonOptionBag.TypeInferenceDebug,
     CommonOptionBag.NewTypeInferenceDebug,
-    CommonOptionBag.ReadsClausesOnMethods,
+    Method.ReadsClausesOnMethods,
     CommonOptionBag.UseStandardLibraries,
     CommonOptionBag.LogLevelOption,
     CommonOptionBag.LogLocation
@@ -107,5 +110,8 @@ static DafnyCommands() {
     CommonOptionBag.WarnMissingConstructorParenthesis,
     PrintStmt.TrackPrintEffectsOption,
     CommonOptionBag.AllowAxioms,
+    CommonOptionBag.EnforceDeterminism,
+    MethodOrFunction.AllowExternalContracts,
+    DafnyProject.FindProjectOption
   }).Concat(ParserOptions).ToList();
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DafnyProject.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DafnyProject.cs
index e14d69b5e5d..0bfd84ab40c 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DafnyProject.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DafnyProject.cs
@@ -1,17 +1,15 @@
+#nullable enable
 using System;
 using System.Collections;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.CommandLine;
-using System.CommandLine.Parsing;
+using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
-using System.Reflection;
-using System.Runtime.Serialization;
-using System.Text;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using DafnyCore;
 using DafnyCore.Options;
-using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.FileSystemGlobbing;
 using Tomlyn;
 using Tomlyn.Model;
@@ -19,20 +17,29 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public class DafnyProject : IEquatable<DafnyProject> {
+  public static Option<bool> FindProjectOption = new("--find-project",
+    "Uses the first specified input file as a starting path, from which to search for a project file by traversing up the file tree.");
+
+  static DafnyProject() {
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(FindProjectOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+  }
+
   public const string Extension = ".toml";
   public const string FileName = "dfyconfig" + Extension;
 
   public string ProjectName => Uri.ToString();
 
-  [IgnoreDataMember]
   public BatchErrorReporter Errors { get; init; } = new(DafnyOptions.Default);
 
-  [IgnoreDataMember]
   public Uri Uri { get; set; }
-  public string[] Includes { get; set; }
-  public string[] Excludes { get; set; }
-  public Dictionary<string, object> Options { get; set; }
-  public bool UsesProjectFile => Path.GetFileName(Uri.LocalPath) == FileName;
+
+  public Uri? Base { get; set; }
+
+  public ISet<string> Includes { get; }
+  public ISet<string> Excludes { get; }
+  public IDictionary<string, object> Options { get; }
+
+  public bool UsesProjectFile => Path.GetFileName(Uri.LocalPath).EndsWith(FileName);
   public bool ImplicitFromCli;
 
   public IToken StartingToken => ImplicitFromCli ? Token.Cli : new Token {
@@ -41,38 +48,97 @@ public class DafnyProject : IEquatable<DafnyProject> {
     col = 1
   };
 
-  public DafnyProject() {
+  public DafnyProject(Uri uri, Uri? @base, ISet<string> includes, ISet<string>? excludes = null, IDictionary<string, object>? options = null) {
+    Uri = uri;
+    Base = @base;
+    Includes = includes;
+    Excludes = excludes ?? new HashSet<string>();
+    Options = options ?? new Dictionary<string, object>();
   }
 
-  public static async Task<DafnyProject> Open(IFileSystem fileSystem, DafnyOptions dafnyOptions, Uri uri) {
+  public static async Task<DafnyProject> Open(IFileSystem fileSystem, Uri uri, IToken uriOrigin,
+    bool defaultIncludes = true, bool serverNameCheck = true) {
 
-    var emptyProject = new DafnyProject {
-      Uri = uri
-    };
+    var emptyProject = new DafnyProject(uri, null, new HashSet<string>(), new HashSet<string>(),
+      new Dictionary<string, object>());
 
     DafnyProject result;
     try {
       using var textReader = fileSystem.ReadFile(uri);
       var text = await textReader.ReadToEndAsync();
-      var model = Toml.ToModel<DafnyProject>(text, null, new TomlModelOptions());
-      model.Uri = uri;
-      result = model;
+      var model = Toml.ToModel<DafnyProjectFile>(text, null, new TomlModelOptions());
+      var directory = Path.GetDirectoryName(uri.LocalPath)!;
+
+      result = new DafnyProject(uri, model.Base == null ? null : new Uri(Path.GetFullPath(model.Base, directory!)),
+        model.Includes?.Select(p => Path.GetFullPath(p, directory)).ToHashSet() ?? new HashSet<string>(),
+        model.Excludes?.Select(p => Path.GetFullPath(p, directory)).ToHashSet() ?? new HashSet<string>(),
+        model.Options ?? new Dictionary<string, object>());
+
+      if (result.Base != null) {
+        var baseProject = await Open(fileSystem, result.Base, new Token {
+          Uri = uri,
+          line = 1,
+          col = 1
+        }, false, false);
+        baseProject.Errors.CopyDiagnostics(result.Errors);
+        foreach (var include in baseProject.Includes) {
+          if (!result.Excludes.Contains(include)) {
+            result.Includes.Add(include);
+          }
+        }
+
+        foreach (var include in baseProject.Excludes) {
+          if (!result.Includes.Contains(include)) {
+            result.Excludes.Add(include);
+          }
+        }
+
+        foreach (var option in baseProject.Options) {
+          if (!result.Options.ContainsKey(option.Key)) {
+            result.Options.Add(option.Key, option.Value);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (defaultIncludes && model.Includes == null && !result.Includes.Any()) {
+        result.Includes.Add("**/*.dfy");
+      }
     } catch (IOException e) {
       result = emptyProject;
-      result.Errors.Error(MessageSource.Project, result.StartingToken, e.Message);
+      result.Errors.Error(MessageSource.Project, uriOrigin, e.Message);
     } catch (TomlException tomlException) {
-      var regex = new Regex(
+      var propertyNotFoundRegex = new Regex(
         @$"\((\d+),(\d+)\) : error : The property `(\w+)` was not found on object type {typeof(DafnyProject).FullName}");
-      var newMessage = regex.Replace(tomlException.Message,
-        match =>
-          $"({match.Groups[1].Value},{match.Groups[2].Value}): the property {match.Groups[3].Value} does not exist.");
-      result = emptyProject;
-      var path = dafnyOptions.GetPrintPath(uri.LocalPath);
-      result.Errors.Error(MessageSource.Project, result.StartingToken, $"The Dafny project file {path} contains the following errors: {newMessage}");
+      var propertyNotFoundMatch = propertyNotFoundRegex.Match(tomlException.Message);
+      if (propertyNotFoundMatch.Success) {
+        var line = int.Parse(propertyNotFoundMatch.Groups[1].Value);
+        var column = int.Parse(propertyNotFoundMatch.Groups[2].Value);
+        var property = propertyNotFoundMatch.Groups[3].Value;
+        result = emptyProject;
+        var token = new Token(line, column) {
+          Uri = uri
+        };
+        result.Errors.Error(MessageSource.Project, token,
+          $"Dafny project files do not have the property {property}");
+      } else {
+        var genericRegex = new Regex(@$"\((\d+),(\d+)\) : error : (.*)");
+        var genericMatch = genericRegex.Match(tomlException.Message);
+        if (genericMatch.Success) {
+          var line = int.Parse(genericMatch.Groups[1].Value);
+          var column = int.Parse(genericMatch.Groups[2].Value);
+          var message = genericMatch.Groups[3].Value;
+          result = emptyProject;
+          var token = new Token(line, column) {
+            Uri = uri
+          };
+          result.Errors.Error(MessageSource.Project, token, message);
+        } else {
+          throw new Exception("Could not parse Tomlyn error");
+        }
+      }
     }
 
-    if (Path.GetFileName(uri.LocalPath) != FileName) {
-      result.Errors.Warning(MessageSource.Project, (string)null, result.StartingToken, $"only Dafny project files named {FileName} are recognised by the Dafny IDE.");
+    if (serverNameCheck && Path.GetFileName(uri.LocalPath) != FileName) {
+      result.Errors.Warning(MessageSource.Project, "", result.StartingToken, $"only Dafny project files named {FileName} are recognised by the Dafny IDE.");
     }
 
     return result;
@@ -86,7 +152,8 @@ public IEnumerable<Uri> GetRootSourceUris(IFileSystem fileSystem) {
 
     var result = matcher.Execute(fileSystem.GetDirectoryInfoBase(searchRoot));
     var files = result.Files.Select(f => Path.Combine(searchRoot, f.Path));
-    return files.OrderBy(file => file).Select(file => new Uri(Path.GetFullPath(file)));
+    return files.OrderBy(file => file).Select(file => new Uri(Path.GetFullPath(file))).
+      Where(uri => !(uri.Equals(Uri) && uri.LocalPath.EndsWith(Extension)));
   }
 
   public bool ContainsSourceFile(Uri uri) {
@@ -99,8 +166,8 @@ private Matcher GetMatcher(out string commonRoot) {
     var projectRoot = Path.GetDirectoryName(Uri.LocalPath)!;
     var diskRoot = Path.GetPathRoot(Uri.LocalPath)!;
 
-    var includes = Includes ?? new[] { "**/*.dfy" };
-    var excludes = Excludes ?? Array.Empty<string>();
+    var includes = Includes;
+    var excludes = Excludes;
     var fullPaths = includes.Concat(excludes).Select(p => Path.GetFullPath(p, projectRoot)).ToList();
     commonRoot = GetCommonParentDirectory(fullPaths) ?? diskRoot;
     var matcher = new Matcher();
@@ -115,11 +182,11 @@ private Matcher GetMatcher(out string commonRoot) {
     return matcher;
   }
 
-  string GetCommonParentDirectory(IReadOnlyList<string> strings) {
+  string? GetCommonParentDirectory(IReadOnlyList<string> strings) {
     if (!strings.Any()) {
       return null;
     }
-    var commonPrefix = strings.FirstOrDefault() ?? "";
+    string commonPrefix = strings.FirstOrDefault() ?? "";
 
     foreach (var newString in strings) {
       var potentialMatchLength = Math.Min(newString.Length, commonPrefix.Length);
@@ -137,16 +204,13 @@ string GetCommonParentDirectory(IReadOnlyList<string> strings) {
     }
 
     if (!Path.EndsInDirectorySeparator(commonPrefix)) {
-      commonPrefix = Path.GetDirectoryName(commonPrefix);
+      commonPrefix = Path.GetDirectoryName(commonPrefix)!;
     }
 
     return commonPrefix;
   }
 
   public void Validate(TextWriter outputWriter, IEnumerable<Option> possibleOptions) {
-    if (Options == null) {
-      return;
-    }
 
     var possibleNames = possibleOptions.Select(o => o.Name).ToHashSet();
     foreach (var optionThatDoesNotExist in Options.Where(option => !possibleNames.Contains(option.Key))) {
@@ -155,18 +219,13 @@ public void Validate(TextWriter outputWriter, IEnumerable<Option> possibleOption
     }
   }
 
-  public bool TryGetValue(Option option, out object value) {
-    if (Options == null) {
-      value = null;
-      return false;
-    }
-
+  public bool TryGetValue(Option option, out object? value) {
     if (!Options.TryGetValue(option.Name, out var tomlValue)) {
       value = null;
       return false;
     }
 
-    var printTomlValue = PrintTomlOptionToCliValue(tomlValue, option);
+    var printTomlValue = PrintTomlOptionToCliValue(Uri, tomlValue, option);
     var parseResult = option.Parse(printTomlValue.ToArray());
     if (parseResult.Errors.Any()) {
       Errors.Error(MessageSource.Project, StartingToken, $"could not parse value '{tomlValue}' for option '{option.Name}' that has type '{option.ValueType.Name}'");
@@ -179,22 +238,21 @@ public bool TryGetValue(Option option, out object value) {
     return true;
   }
 
-  [ItemCanBeNull]
-  IEnumerable<string> PrintTomlOptionToCliValue(object value, Option valueType) {
-    var projectDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(Uri.LocalPath);
+  public static IEnumerable<string> PrintTomlOptionToCliValue(Uri uri, object value, Option valueType) {
+    var projectDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(uri.LocalPath)!;
 
     if (value is TomlArray array) {
       List<string> elements;
       if (valueType.ValueType.IsAssignableTo(typeof(IEnumerable<FileInfo>))) {
         elements = array.Select(element => {
           if (element is string elementString) {
-            return Path.GetFullPath(elementString, projectDirectory!);
+            return Path.GetFullPath(elementString, projectDirectory);
           }
 
-          return element.ToString();
+          return element + "";
         }).ToList();
       } else {
-        elements = array.Select(o => o.ToString()).ToList();
+        elements = array.Select(o => o + "").ToList();
       }
 
       return elements.SelectMany(e => new[] { valueType.Aliases.First(), e });
@@ -204,10 +262,10 @@ IEnumerable<string> PrintTomlOptionToCliValue(object value, Option valueType) {
       value = Path.GetFullPath(stringValue, projectDirectory);
     }
 
-    return new[] { valueType.Aliases.First(), value.ToString() };
+    return new[] { valueType.Aliases.First(), value + "" };
   }
 
-  public bool Equals(DafnyProject other) {
+  public bool Equals(DafnyProject? other) {
     if (ReferenceEquals(null, other)) {
       return false;
     }
@@ -216,18 +274,19 @@ public bool Equals(DafnyProject other) {
       return true;
     }
 
-    var orderedOptions = Options?.OrderBy(kv => kv.Key) ?? Enumerable.Empty<KeyValuePair<string, object>>();
-    var otherOrderedOptions = other.Options?.OrderBy(kv => kv.Key) ?? Enumerable.Empty<KeyValuePair<string, object>>();
+    var orderedOptions = Options.OrderBy(kv => kv.Key);
+    var otherOrderedOptions = other.Options.OrderBy(kv => kv.Key);
 
     return Equals(Uri, other.Uri) &&
-           NullableSetEqual(Includes?.ToHashSet(), other.Includes) &&
-           NullableSetEqual(Excludes?.ToHashSet(), other.Excludes) &&
+           NullableSetEqual(Includes, other.Includes) &&
+           NullableSetEqual(Excludes, other.Excludes) &&
            orderedOptions.SequenceEqual(otherOrderedOptions, new LambdaEqualityComparer<KeyValuePair<string, object>>(
              (kv1, kv2) => kv1.Key == kv2.Key && GenericEquals(kv1.Value, kv2.Value),
              kv => kv.GetHashCode()));
   }
 
-  public static bool GenericEquals(object first, object second) {
+  [SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "NotDisposedResource")]
+  public static bool GenericEquals(object? first, object? second) {
     if (first == null && second == null) {
       return true;
     }
@@ -260,7 +319,7 @@ public static bool GenericEquals(object first, object second) {
     return first.Equals(second);
   }
 
-  private static bool NullableSetEqual(ISet<string> first, IReadOnlyCollection<string> second) {
+  private static bool NullableSetEqual(ISet<string>? first, ICollection<string>? second) {
     if (first == null && second == null) {
       return true;
     }
@@ -271,21 +330,19 @@ private static bool NullableSetEqual(ISet<string> first, IReadOnlyCollection<str
     return first.Count == second.Count && second.All(first.Contains);
   }
 
-  private static bool NullableSequenceEqual(IEnumerable<string> first, IEnumerable<string> second) {
-    return first?.SequenceEqual(second) ?? (second == null);
+  public DafnyProject(DafnyProject original) {
+    Uri = original.Uri;
+    Includes = original.Includes.ToHashSet();
+    Excludes = original.Excludes.ToHashSet();
+    Options = original.Options.ToDictionary(kv => kv.Key, kv => kv.Value);
+    Errors = original.Errors;
   }
 
   public DafnyProject Clone() {
-    return new DafnyProject() {
-      Uri = Uri,
-      Includes = Includes?.ToArray(),
-      Excludes = Excludes?.ToArray(),
-      Options = Options?.ToDictionary(kv => kv.Key, kv => kv.Value),
-      Errors = Errors
-    };
+    return new DafnyProject(this);
   }
 
-  public override bool Equals(object obj) {
+  public override bool Equals(object? obj) {
     if (ReferenceEquals(null, obj)) {
       return false;
     }
@@ -301,7 +358,15 @@ public override bool Equals(object obj) {
     return Equals((DafnyProject)obj);
   }
 
+  [SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "NonReadonlyMemberInGetHashCode")]
   public override int GetHashCode() {
     return HashCode.Combine(Uri, Includes, Excludes, Options);
   }
+}
+
+class DafnyProjectFile {
+  public string? Base { get; set; }
+  public string[]? Includes { get; set; }
+  public string[]? Excludes { get; set; }
+  public Dictionary<string, object>? Options { get; set; }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DeveloperOptionBag.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DeveloperOptionBag.cs
index cdf56cfdf64..bff35feaa0b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DeveloperOptionBag.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/DeveloperOptionBag.cs
@@ -6,6 +6,22 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public class DeveloperOptionBag {
 
+  public static readonly Option<string> SplitPrint = new("--sprint",
+    @"
+Print Boogie splits translated from Dafny
+(use - as <file> to print to console)".TrimStart()) {
+    IsHidden = true,
+    ArgumentHelpName = "file",
+  };
+
+  public static readonly Option<string> PassivePrint = new("--pprint",
+    @"
+Print passified Boogie program translated from Dafny
+(use - as <file> to print to console)".TrimStart()) {
+    IsHidden = true,
+    ArgumentHelpName = "file",
+  };
+
   public static readonly Option<string> BoogiePrint = new("--bprint",
   @"
 Print Boogie program translated from Dafny
@@ -48,17 +64,29 @@ static DeveloperOptionBag() {
         options.FileTimestamp);
     });
 
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(PassivePrint, (options, f) => {
+      options.PrintPassiveFile = f;
+      options.ExpandFilename(options.PrintPassiveFile, x => options.PrintPassiveFile = x, options.LogPrefix,
+        options.FileTimestamp);
+    });
+
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(BoogiePrint, (options, f) => {
       options.PrintFile = f;
       options.ExpandFilename(options.PrintFile, x => options.PrintFile = x, options.LogPrefix,
         options.FileTimestamp);
     });
 
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(
-      BoogiePrint,
-      PrintOption,
-      ResolvedPrint,
-      Bootstrapping
-    );
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(SplitPrint, (options, f) => {
+      options.PrintSplitFile = f;
+      options.ExpandFilename(options.PrintSplitFile, x => options.PrintSplitFile = x, options.LogPrefix,
+        options.FileTimestamp);
+    });
+
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(PassivePrint, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(BoogiePrint, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(SplitPrint, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(PrintOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ResolvedPrint, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(Bootstrapping, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/OptionCompatibility.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/OptionCompatibility.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..54d0d030631
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/OptionCompatibility.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.CommandLine;
+using Microsoft.Dafny;
+using System.Linq;
+
+namespace DafnyCore.Options;
+
+public class OptionCompatibility {
+
+  public static bool CheckOptionMatches(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, string prefix, Option option, object localValue, object libraryValue) {
+    if (OptionValuesEqual(option, localValue, libraryValue)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin,
+      $"{prefix}: --{option.Name} is set locally to {OptionValueToString(option, localValue)}, " +
+      $"but the library was built with {OptionValueToString(option, libraryValue)}");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  private static string OptionValueToString(Option option, object value) {
+    if (option.ValueType == typeof(IEnumerable<string>)) {
+      var values = (IEnumerable<string>)value;
+      return $"[{string.Join(',', values)}]";
+    }
+
+    if (value == null) {
+      return "a version of Dafny that does not have this option";
+    }
+    return value.ToString();
+  }
+
+  private static bool OptionValuesEqual(Option option, object first, object second) {
+    if (first.Equals(second)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    if (option.ValueType == typeof(IEnumerable<string>)) {
+      return ((IEnumerable<string>)first).SequenceEqual((IEnumerable<string>)second);
+    }
+
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  public static bool OptionValuesImplied(object first, object second) {
+    try {
+      return !(bool)first || (bool)second;
+    } catch (NullReferenceException) {
+      throw new Exception("Comparing options of Doo files created by different Dafny builds. You are probably using a locally built Dafny that has the same version as a different built.");
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static bool OptionLibraryImpliesLocalError(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, string prefix, Option option, object localValue, object libraryValue) {
+    return CheckOptionLibraryImpliesLocal(reporter, origin, prefix, option, ErrorLevel.Error,
+      localValue, libraryValue);
+  }
+
+  public static bool OptionLibraryImpliesLocalWarning(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, string prefix, Option option, object localValue, object libraryValue) {
+    return CheckOptionLibraryImpliesLocal(reporter, origin, prefix, option, ErrorLevel.Warning,
+      localValue, libraryValue);
+  }
+
+  /// Checks that the library option ==> the local option.
+  /// E.g. --no-verify: the only incompatibility is if it's on in the library but not locally.
+  /// Generally the right check for options that weaken guarantees.
+  private static bool CheckOptionLibraryImpliesLocal(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, string prefix, Option option, ErrorLevel severity, object localValue, object libraryValue) {
+    if (OptionValuesImplied(libraryValue, localValue)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    reporter.Message(MessageSource.Project, severity, "", origin,
+      $"{prefix}: --{option.Name} is set locally to {OptionValueToString(option, localValue)}, but the library was built with {OptionValueToString(option, libraryValue)}");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  /// Checks that the local option ==> the library option.
+  /// E.g. --track-print-effects: the only incompatibility is if it's on locally but not in the library.
+  /// Generally the right check for options that strengthen guarantees.
+  public static bool CheckOptionLocalImpliesLibrary(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, string prefix, Option option, object localValue, object libraryValue) {
+    if (OptionValuesImplied(localValue, libraryValue)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, LocalImpliesLibraryMessage(prefix, option, localValue, libraryValue));
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  public static string LocalImpliesLibraryMessage(string prefix, Option option, object localValue, object libraryValue) {
+    return $"{prefix}: --{option.Name} is set locally to {OptionValueToString(option, localValue)}, but the library was built with {OptionValueToString(option, libraryValue)}";
+  }
+
+
+  // Placeholder no-op check, used for options that need to be recorded but don't require any compatibility check.
+  public static bool NoOpOptionCheck(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, string prefix, Option option, object localValue, object libraryValue) {
+    return true;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/OptionRegistry.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/OptionRegistry.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3f7b46e021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/OptionRegistry.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#nullable enable
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.CommandLine;
+using System.Linq;
+using JetBrains.Annotations;
+using Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+public class OptionRegistry {
+
+  /// <summary>
+  /// Check that the .doo file format is aware of all options,
+  /// and therefore which have to be saved to safely support separate verification/compilation.
+  /// </summary>
+  public static void CheckOptionsAreKnown(IEnumerable<Option> allOptions) {
+    var unsupportedOptions = allOptions.ToHashSet()
+      .Where(o =>
+        !OptionScopes.ContainsKey(o))
+      .ToList();
+    if (unsupportedOptions.Any()) {
+      throw new Exception($"Internal error - unsupported options registered: {{\n{string.Join(",\n", unsupportedOptions)}\n}}");
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Partitioning of all options into subsets that must be recorded in a .doo file
+  // to guard against unsafe usage.
+  // Note that legacy CLI options are not as cleanly enumerated and therefore
+  // more difficult to completely categorize, which is the main reason the LibraryBackend
+  // is restricted to only the new CLI.
+  private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<Option, GlobalOptionCheck> GlobalOptionChecks = new();
+  private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<Option, OptionScope> OptionScopes = new();
+
+  public static IEnumerable<Option> GlobalOptions => GlobalOptionChecks.Keys.OrderBy(o => o.Name);
+  public static IEnumerable<Option> TranslationOptions =>
+    OptionScopes.Where(kv => kv.Value == OptionScope.Translation).Select(kv => kv.Key).OrderBy(o => o.Name);
+  public static IEnumerable<Option> ModuleOptions => OptionScopes.Where(kv => kv.Value == OptionScope.Module).
+    Select(kv => kv.Key).OrderBy(o => o.Name);
+
+  public static GlobalOptionCheck? GlobalCheck(Option option) {
+    return GlobalOptionChecks.GetValueOrDefault(option);
+  }
+
+  public static void RegisterOption(Option option, OptionScope scope) {
+    if (scope == OptionScope.Global) {
+      throw new ArgumentException("Please call RegisterGlobalOption instead");
+    }
+
+    OptionScopes[option] = scope;
+  }
+  public static void RegisterGlobalOption(Option option, GlobalOptionCheck check) {
+    OptionScopes[option] = OptionScope.Global;
+    GlobalOptionChecks[option] = check;
+  }
+}
+
+public enum OptionScope { Cli, Global, Module, Translation }
+
+public delegate bool GlobalOptionCheck(ErrorReporter reporter, IToken origin, string prefix, Option option, object localValue, object libraryValue);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/ProjectFileOpener.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/ProjectFileOpener.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..50e17b57d77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/ProjectFileOpener.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#nullable enable
+using System;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+public class ProjectFileOpener {
+  private readonly IFileSystem fileSystem;
+  private readonly IToken origin;
+
+  public ProjectFileOpener(IFileSystem fileSystem, IToken origin) {
+    this.fileSystem = fileSystem;
+    this.origin = origin;
+  }
+
+  public async Task<DafnyProject?> TryFindProject(Uri uri) {
+    return uri.LocalPath.EndsWith(DafnyProject.FileName)
+      ? await DafnyProject.Open(fileSystem, uri, origin)
+      : await FindProjectFile(uri);
+  }
+
+  private async Task<DafnyProject?> FindProjectFile(Uri sourceUri) {
+    DafnyProject? projectFile = null;
+
+    var folder = Path.GetDirectoryName(sourceUri.LocalPath);
+    while (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(folder) && projectFile == null) {
+      projectFile = await OpenProjectInFolder(folder);
+
+      if (projectFile != null && projectFile.Uri != sourceUri &&
+          !(projectFile.Errors.HasErrors || projectFile.ContainsSourceFile(sourceUri))) {
+        projectFile = null;
+      }
+
+      folder = Path.GetDirectoryName(folder);
+    }
+
+    return projectFile;
+  }
+
+  protected virtual Task<DafnyProject?> OpenProjectInFolder(string folderPath) {
+    var configFileUri = new Uri(Path.Combine(folderPath, DafnyProject.FileName));
+    if (!fileSystem.Exists(configFileUri)) {
+      return Task.FromResult<DafnyProject?>(null);
+    }
+
+    return DafnyProject.Open(fileSystem, configFileUri, origin)!;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Options/TranslationRecord.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/TranslationRecord.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..053b01e5385
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Options/TranslationRecord.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.CommandLine;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using DafnyCore.Generic;
+using Microsoft.Dafny;
+using Tomlyn;
+
+namespace DafnyCore.Options;
+
+// Model class for the .dtr file format for Dafny Translation Records.
+// Contains the validation logic for safely consuming pre-translated libraries as well.
+// See https://dafny.org/dafny/DafnyRef/DafnyRef#sec-dtr-files.
+public class TranslationRecord {
+
+  public const string CurrentFileFormatVersion = "1.0";
+  public string FileFormatVersion { get; set; }
+
+  public string DafnyVersion { get; set; }
+
+  public Dictionary<string, Dictionary<string, object>> OptionsByModule { get; set; }
+
+  public TranslationRecord(Program program) {
+    FileFormatVersion = CurrentFileFormatVersion;
+    DafnyVersion = program.Options.VersionNumber;
+
+    OptionsByModule = new();
+
+    foreach (var module in program.CompileModules) {
+      if (module is DefaultModuleDefinition || !module.ShouldCompile(program.Compilation)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // This is primarily here to exclude prefix modules
+      // (e.g. something like A.B that only appears in a module A.B.C { ... } declaration)
+      // since those can appear in multiple separately-compiled projects. 
+      if (ModuleEmptyForCompilation(module)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      Dictionary<string, object> recordedOptions = new();
+      OptionsByModule[module.FullDafnyName] = recordedOptions;
+
+      foreach (var option in OptionRegistry.TranslationOptions) {
+        var optionValue = program.Options.Get((dynamic)option);
+        recordedOptions.Add(option.Name, optionValue);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static bool ModuleEmptyForCompilation(ModuleDefinition module) {
+    return !(module.DefaultClass?.Members.Any() ?? false)   // DefaultClass is null for _System
+           && module.TopLevelDecls.All(d => d is DefaultClassDecl or ModuleDecl);
+  }
+
+  public static TranslationRecord Empty(Program program) {
+    return new TranslationRecord() {
+      FileFormatVersion = CurrentFileFormatVersion,
+      DafnyVersion = program.Options.VersionNumber,
+      OptionsByModule = new()
+    };
+  }
+
+  public TranslationRecord() {
+    // Only for TOML deserialization!
+  }
+
+  public static void ReadValidateAndMerge(Program program, string filePath, IToken origin) {
+    var pathForErrors = program.Options.GetPrintPath(filePath);
+    try {
+      using TextReader reader = new StreamReader(filePath);
+      var record = Read(reader);
+      if (record.Validate(program, pathForErrors, origin)) {
+        program.Compilation.AlreadyTranslatedRecord.Merge(program.Reporter, record, pathForErrors, origin);
+      }
+    } catch (FileNotFoundException) {
+      program.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, $"file {pathForErrors} not found");
+    } catch (TomlException) {
+      program.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin, $"malformed dtr file {pathForErrors}");
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static TranslationRecord Read(TextReader reader) {
+    return Toml.ToModel<TranslationRecord>(reader.ReadToEnd(), null, new TomlModelOptions());
+  }
+
+  public void Write(TextWriter writer) {
+    writer.Write(Toml.FromModel(this, new TomlModelOptions()).Replace("\r\n", "\n"));
+  }
+
+  public void Write(ConcreteSyntaxTree writer) {
+    using var textWriter = new StringWriter();
+    Write(textWriter);
+    writer.Write(textWriter.ToString());
+  }
+
+  private bool Validate(Program dafnyProgram, string filePath, IToken origin) {
+    var messagePrefix = $"cannot load {filePath}";
+    if (!dafnyProgram.Options.UsingNewCli) {
+      dafnyProgram.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin,
+        $"{messagePrefix}: .dtr files cannot be used with the legacy CLI");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (dafnyProgram.Options.VersionNumber != DafnyVersion) {
+      dafnyProgram.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin,
+        $"{messagePrefix}: it was built with Dafny {DafnyVersion}, which cannot be used by Dafny {dafnyProgram.Options.VersionNumber}");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    // Modules should be either previously compiled or to be compiled now, not both
+    foreach (var module in dafnyProgram.CompileModules) {
+      if (module.ShouldCompile(dafnyProgram.Compilation) && OptionsByModule.ContainsKey(module.FullDafnyName)) {
+        dafnyProgram.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin,
+          $"{messagePrefix}: it contains translation metadata for the module {module.FullDafnyName}, which is in scope for translation in the current program");
+      }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  public object Get(ErrorReporter reporter, string moduleName, Option option) {
+    if (OptionsByModule.TryGetValue(moduleName, out var moduleOptions)) {
+      if (moduleOptions.TryGetValue(option.Name, out var manifestValue)) {
+        if (TomlUtil.TryGetValueFromToml(reporter, Token.NoToken, null,
+              option.Name, option.ValueType, manifestValue, out var libraryValue)) {
+          return libraryValue;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  private void Merge(ErrorReporter reporter, TranslationRecord other, string filePath, IToken origin) {
+    // Assume both this and other have been Validate()-d already.
+
+    var duplicateModules = OptionsByModule
+      .Union(other.OptionsByModule)
+      .GroupBy(p => p.Key)
+      .Where(g => g.Count() > 1)
+      .Select(g => g.Key)
+      .ToList();
+    if (duplicateModules.Any()) {
+      var messagePrefix = $"cannot load {filePath}";
+      foreach (var duplicateModule in duplicateModules) {
+        reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, origin,
+          $"{messagePrefix}: module {duplicateModule} already appears in another translation record");
+      }
+      return;
+    }
+
+    OptionsByModule = OptionsByModule.Union(other.OptionsByModule).ToDictionary(p => p.Key, p => p.Value);
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Compilation.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Compilation.cs
index 117902d98b4..82a0c1734ee 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Compilation.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Compilation.cs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 using VC;
+using VCGeneration;
 using Range = OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models.Range;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -41,8 +42,6 @@ public class Compilation : IDisposable {
 
   public bool Started => started.Task.IsCompleted;
 
-  private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<Uri, ConcurrentStack<DafnyDiagnostic>> staticDiagnostics = new();
-
   /// <summary>
   /// FilePosition is required because the default module lives in multiple files
   /// </summary>
@@ -97,7 +96,6 @@ CompilationInput input
       if (newDiagnostic.Diagnostic.Level == ErrorLevel.Error) {
         HasErrors = true;
       }
-      staticDiagnostics.GetOrAdd(newDiagnostic.Uri, _ => new()).Push(newDiagnostic.Diagnostic);
     });
 
     cancellationSource = new();
@@ -108,6 +106,24 @@ CompilationInput input
     RootFiles = DetermineRootFiles();
     ParsedProgram = ParseAsync();
     Resolution = ResolveAsync();
+
+    _ = LogExceptions();
+  }
+
+  private async Task LogExceptions() {
+    try {
+      await RootFiles;
+      await ParsedProgram;
+      await Resolution;
+    } catch (OperationCanceledException) {
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      HandleException(e);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void HandleException(Exception e) {
+    logger.LogCritical(e, "internal exception");
+    updates.OnNext(new InternalCompilationException(MessageSource.Project, e));
   }
 
   public void Start() {
@@ -120,148 +136,120 @@ public void Start() {
     started.TrySetResult();
   }
 
-  private ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic> GetDiagnosticsCopyAndClear() {
-    var result = staticDiagnostics.SelectMany(k =>
-      k.Value.Select(v => new FileDiagnostic(k.Key, v.ToLspDiagnostic()))).ToImmutableList();
-    staticDiagnostics.Clear();
-    return result;
-  }
-
-
-
   private async Task<IReadOnlyList<DafnyFile>> DetermineRootFiles() {
     await started.Task;
 
     var result = new List<DafnyFile>();
 
-    foreach (var uri in Input.Project.GetRootSourceUris(fileSystem)) {
-      var file = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(errorReporter, fileSystem, Options, uri, Project.StartingToken);
-      if (file != null) {
+    var handledInput = new HashSet<Uri>();
+    foreach (var uri in Options.CliRootSourceUris) {
+      if (!handledInput.Add(uri)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      var shortPath = Path.GetRelativePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), uri.LocalPath);
+      await foreach (var file in DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(fileSystem, errorReporter, Options, uri, Token.Cli,
+                       false,
+                       $"command-line argument '{shortPath}' is neither a recognized option nor a Dafny input file (.dfy, .doo, or .toml).")) {
         result.Add(file);
       }
     }
 
-    foreach (var uri in Options.CliRootSourceUris) {
-      var shortPath = Path.GetRelativePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), uri.LocalPath);
-      var file = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(errorReporter, fileSystem, Options, uri, Token.Cli,
-        $"command-line argument '{shortPath}' is neither a recognized option nor a Dafny input file (.dfy, .doo, or .toml).");
-      if (file != null) {
+    var includedFiles = new List<DafnyFile>();
+    foreach (var uri in Input.Project.GetRootSourceUris(fileSystem)) {
+      if (!handledInput.Add(uri)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      await foreach (var file in DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(fileSystem, errorReporter, Options, uri,
+                       Project.StartingToken)) {
         result.Add(file);
+        includedFiles.Add(file);
       }
     }
+
     if (Options.UseStdin) {
-      var uri = new Uri("stdin:///");
-      result.Add(await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(errorReporter, fileSystem, Options, uri, Token.Cli));
+      result.Add(DafnyFile.HandleStandardInput(Options, Token.Cli));
+    }
+
+    if (!HasErrors && !result.Any()) {
+      errorReporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.None, Project.StartingToken,
+        "no Dafny source files were specified as input");
     }
 
     if (Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.UseStandardLibraries)) {
+      // For now the standard libraries are still translated from scratch.
+      // This breaks separate compilation and will be addressed in https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/4877
+      var asLibrary = false;
+
       if (Options.CompilerName is null or "cs" or "java" or "go" or "py" or "js") {
         var targetName = Options.CompilerName ?? "notarget";
         var stdlibDooUri = DafnyMain.StandardLibrariesDooUriTarget[targetName];
-        var targetSpecificFile = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(errorReporter, OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, Options, stdlibDooUri, Project.StartingToken);
-        if (targetSpecificFile != null) {
+        await foreach (var targetSpecificFile in DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, errorReporter,
+                         Options, stdlibDooUri, Project.StartingToken, asLibrary)) {
           result.Add(targetSpecificFile);
         }
       }
 
-      var file = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(errorReporter, fileSystem, Options, DafnyMain.StandardLibrariesDooUri, Project.StartingToken);
-      if (file != null) {
+      await foreach (var file in DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(fileSystem, errorReporter, Options,
+                       DafnyMain.StandardLibrariesDooUri, Project.StartingToken, asLibrary)) {
         result.Add(file);
       }
     }
 
-    string? unverifiedLibrary = null;
-    var libraryFiles = CommonOptionBag.SplitOptionValueIntoFiles(Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.Libraries).Select(f => f.FullName));
-    foreach (var library in libraryFiles) {
-      var file = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(errorReporter, fileSystem, Options, new Uri(library), Project.StartingToken);
-      if (file != null) {
-        if (!file.IsPreverified) {
-          unverifiedLibrary = library;
-        }
-        file.IsPreverified = true;
-        file.IsPrecompiled = true;
+    var libraryPaths = CommonOptionBag.SplitOptionValueIntoFiles(Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.Libraries).Select(f => f.FullName));
+    foreach (var library in libraryPaths) {
+      await foreach (var file in DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(fileSystem, errorReporter, Options, new Uri(library), Project.StartingToken, true)) {
         result.Add(file);
       }
     }
 
-    if (unverifiedLibrary != null) {
-      errorReporter.Warning(MessageSource.Project, "", Project.StartingToken,
-        $"The file '{Options.GetPrintPath(unverifiedLibrary)}' was passed to --library. " +
-        $"Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. " +
-        $"Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used");
-    }
-
-    var projectPath = Project.Uri.LocalPath;
-    if (projectPath.EndsWith(DafnyProject.FileName)) {
-      var projectDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(projectPath)!;
-      var filesMessage = string.Join("\n", result.Select(uri => Path.GetRelativePath(projectDirectory, uri.Uri.LocalPath)));
-      if (filesMessage.Any()) {
-        errorReporter.Info(MessageSource.Project, Project.StartingToken, "Files referenced by project are:" + Environment.NewLine + filesMessage);
+    if (Project.UsesProjectFile) {
+      var projectDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(Project.Uri.LocalPath)!;
+      var includedRootsMessage = string.Join("\n", includedFiles.Select(dafnyFile => Path.GetRelativePath(projectDirectory, dafnyFile.Uri.LocalPath)));
+      if (includedRootsMessage == "") {
+        includedRootsMessage = "none";
       }
-    }
-
-    if (!HasErrors && !result.Any()) {
-      errorReporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.None, Project.StartingToken,
-        "no Dafny source files were specified as input");
+      errorReporter.Info(MessageSource.Project, Project.StartingToken, "Files included by project are:" + Environment.NewLine + includedRootsMessage);
     }
 
     // Allow specifying the same file twice on the CLI
     var distinctResults = result.DistinctBy(d => d.Uri).ToList();
 
-    updates.OnNext(new DeterminedRootFiles(Project, distinctResults, GetDiagnosticsCopyAndClear()));
+    updates.OnNext(new DeterminedRootFiles(Project, distinctResults));
     return distinctResults;
   }
 
   private async Task<Program?> ParseAsync() {
-    try {
-      await RootFiles;
-      if (HasErrors) {
-        return null;
-      }
-
-      transformedProgram = await documentLoader.ParseAsync(this, cancellationSource.Token);
-      transformedProgram.HasParseErrors = HasErrors;
+    await RootFiles;
+    if (HasErrors) {
+      return null;
+    }
 
-      var cloner = new Cloner(true);
-      programAfterParsing = new Program(cloner, transformedProgram);
+    transformedProgram = await documentLoader.ParseAsync(this, cancellationSource.Token);
+    transformedProgram.HasParseErrors = HasErrors;
 
-      updates.OnNext(new FinishedParsing(programAfterParsing, GetDiagnosticsCopyAndClear()));
-      logger.LogDebug(
-        $"Passed parsedCompilation to documentUpdates.OnNext, resolving ParsedCompilation task for version {Input.Version}.");
-      return programAfterParsing;
+    var cloner = new Cloner(true);
+    programAfterParsing = new Program(cloner, transformedProgram);
 
-    } catch (OperationCanceledException) {
-      throw;
-    } catch (Exception e) {
-      updates.OnNext(new InternalCompilationException(new MessageSourceBasedPhase(MessageSource.Parser), e));
-      throw;
-    }
+    updates.OnNext(new FinishedParsing(programAfterParsing));
+    logger.LogDebug(
+      $"Passed parsedCompilation to documentUpdates.OnNext, resolving ParsedCompilation task for version {Input.Version}.");
+    return programAfterParsing;
   }
 
   private async Task<ResolutionResult?> ResolveAsync() {
-    try {
-      await ParsedProgram;
-      if (transformedProgram == null) {
-        return null;
-      }
-      var resolution = await documentLoader.ResolveAsync(this, transformedProgram!, cancellationSource.Token);
-      if (resolution == null) {
-        return null;
-      }
-
-      updates.OnNext(new FinishedResolution(
-        resolution,
-        GetDiagnosticsCopyAndClear()));
-      staticDiagnosticsSubscription.Dispose();
-      logger.LogDebug($"Passed resolvedCompilation to documentUpdates.OnNext, resolving ResolvedCompilation task for version {Input.Version}.");
-      return resolution;
-
-    } catch (OperationCanceledException) {
-      throw;
-    } catch (Exception e) {
-      updates.OnNext(new InternalCompilationException(new MessageSourceBasedPhase(MessageSource.Resolver), e));
-      throw;
+    await ParsedProgram;
+    if (transformedProgram == null) {
+      return null;
     }
+    var resolution = await documentLoader.ResolveAsync(this, transformedProgram!, cancellationSource.Token);
+    if (resolution == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    updates.OnNext(new FinishedResolution(resolution));
+    staticDiagnosticsSubscription.Dispose();
+    logger.LogDebug($"Passed resolvedCompilation to documentUpdates.OnNext, resolving ResolvedCompilation task for version {Input.Version}.");
+    return resolution;
   }
 
   public static string GetTaskName(IVerificationTask task) {
@@ -276,8 +264,6 @@ public static string GetTaskName(IVerificationTask task) {
     return prefix;
   }
 
-  private int runningVerificationJobs;
-
   // When verifying a symbol, a ticket must be acquired before the SMT part of verification may start.
   private readonly AsyncQueue<Unit> verificationTickets = new();
   public async Task<bool> VerifyLocation(FilePosition verifiableLocation, bool onlyPrepareVerificationForGutterTests = false) {
@@ -339,7 +325,7 @@ private async Task VerifyUnverifiedSymbol(bool onlyPrepareVerificationForGutterT
     ResolutionResult resolution, Func<IVerificationTask, bool> taskFilter, int? randomSeed) {
     try {
 
-      var ticket = verificationTickets.Dequeue(CancellationToken.None);
+      var ticket = verificationTickets.Dequeue();
       var containingModule = canVerify.ContainingModule;
 
       IReadOnlyDictionary<FilePosition, IReadOnlyList<IVerificationTask>> tasksForModule;
@@ -358,7 +344,7 @@ private async Task VerifyUnverifiedSymbol(bool onlyPrepareVerificationForGutterT
       } catch (OperationCanceledException) {
         throw;
       } catch (Exception e) {
-        updates.OnNext(new InternalCompilationException(new MessageSourceBasedPhase(MessageSource.Verifier), e));
+        HandleException(e);
         throw;
       }
 
@@ -366,7 +352,7 @@ private async Task VerifyUnverifiedSymbol(bool onlyPrepareVerificationForGutterT
       var updated = false;
       var tasks = tasksPerVerifiable.GetOrAdd(canVerify, () => {
         var result =
-          tasksForModule.GetValueOrDefault(canVerify.NameToken.GetFilePosition()) ??
+          tasksForModule.GetValueOrDefault(canVerify.NavigationToken.GetFilePosition()) ??
           new List<IVerificationTask>(0);
 
         updated = true;
@@ -403,10 +389,6 @@ private void VerifyTask(ICanVerify canVerify, IVerificationTask task) {
       return;
     }
 
-    var incrementedJobs = Interlocked.Increment(ref runningVerificationJobs);
-    logger.LogDebug(
-      $"Incremented jobs for task, remaining jobs {incrementedJobs}, {Input.Uri} version {Input.Version}");
-
     statusUpdates.Subscribe(
       update => {
         try {
@@ -455,7 +437,6 @@ public void CancelPendingUpdates() {
   }
 
   public async Task<TextEditContainer?> GetTextEditToFormatCode(Uri uri) {
-    // TODO https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/3416
     var program = await ParsedProgram;
     if (program == null) {
       return null;
@@ -503,7 +484,7 @@ public static List<DafnyDiagnostic> GetDiagnosticsFromResult(DafnyOptions option
     List<DafnyDiagnostic> diagnostics = new();
     errorReporter.Updates.Subscribe(d => diagnostics.Add(d.Diagnostic));
 
-    ReportDiagnosticsInResult(options, canVerify.NameToken.val, task.ScopeToken,
+    ReportDiagnosticsInResult(options, canVerify.NavigationToken.val, task.ScopeToken,
       task.Split.Implementation.GetTimeLimit(options), result, errorReporter);
 
     return diagnostics.OrderBy(d => d.Token.GetLspPosition()).ToList();
@@ -518,6 +499,9 @@ public static void ReportDiagnosticsInResult(DafnyOptions options, string name,
     foreach (var counterExample in result.CounterExamples) //.OrderBy(d => d.GetLocation()))
     {
       var errorInformation = counterExample.CreateErrorInformation(outcome, options.ForceBplErrors);
+      if (options.ShowProofObligationExpressions) {
+        AddAssertedExprToCounterExampleErrorInfo(options, counterExample, errorInformation);
+      }
       var dafnyCounterExampleModel = options.ExtractCounterexample ? new DafnyModel(counterExample.Model, options) : null;
       errorReporter.ReportBoogieError(errorInformation, dafnyCounterExampleModel);
     }
@@ -531,6 +515,51 @@ public static void ReportDiagnosticsInResult(DafnyOptions options, string name,
       timeLimit, result.CounterExamples);
   }
 
+  private static void AddAssertedExprToCounterExampleErrorInfo(
+      DafnyOptions options, Counterexample counterExample, ErrorInformation errorInformation) {
+    Boogie.ProofObligationDescription? boogieProofObligationDesc = null;
+    switch (errorInformation.Kind) {
+      case ErrorKind.Assertion:
+        boogieProofObligationDesc = ((AssertCounterexample)counterExample).FailingAssert.Description;
+        break;
+      case ErrorKind.Precondition:
+        boogieProofObligationDesc = ((CallCounterexample)counterExample).FailingCall.Description;
+        break;
+      case ErrorKind.Postcondition:
+        boogieProofObligationDesc = ((ReturnCounterexample)counterExample).FailingReturn.Description;
+        break;
+      case ErrorKind.InvariantEntry:
+      case ErrorKind.InvariantMaintainance:
+        AssertCmd failingAssert = ((AssertCounterexample)counterExample).FailingAssert;
+        if (failingAssert is LoopInitAssertCmd loopInitAssertCmd) {
+          boogieProofObligationDesc = loopInitAssertCmd.originalAssert.Description;
+        } else if (failingAssert is LoopInvMaintainedAssertCmd maintainedAssertCmd) {
+          boogieProofObligationDesc = maintainedAssertCmd.originalAssert.Description;
+        }
+        break;
+      default:
+        throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException($"Unexpected ErrorKind: {errorInformation.Kind}");
+    }
+
+    if (boogieProofObligationDesc is ProofObligationDescription.ProofObligationDescription dafnyProofObligationDesc) {
+      var expr = dafnyProofObligationDesc.GetAssertedExpr(options);
+      string? msg = null;
+      if (expr != null) {
+        msg = expr.ToString();
+      }
+
+      var extra = dafnyProofObligationDesc.GetExtraExplanation();
+      if (extra != null) {
+        msg = (msg ?? "") + extra;
+      }
+
+      if (msg != null) {
+        errorInformation.AddAuxInfo(errorInformation.Tok, msg,
+          ErrorReporterExtensions.AssertedExprCategory);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   public static VcOutcome GetOutcome(SolverOutcome outcome) {
     switch (outcome) {
       case SolverOutcome.Valid:
@@ -546,7 +575,7 @@ public static VcOutcome GetOutcome(SolverOutcome outcome) {
       case SolverOutcome.Undetermined:
         return VcOutcome.Inconclusive;
       case SolverOutcome.Bounded:
-        return VcOutcome.ReachedBound;
+        return VcOutcome.Correct;
       default:
         throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(outcome), outcome, null);
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/DeterminedRootFiles.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/DeterminedRootFiles.cs
index f7253cc3743..dac13cdc24c 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/DeterminedRootFiles.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/DeterminedRootFiles.cs
@@ -7,8 +7,5 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public record FileDiagnostic(Uri Uri, Diagnostic Diagnostic);
 
-public record DeterminedRootFiles(
-  DafnyProject Project,
-  IReadOnlyList<DafnyFile> Roots,
-  ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic> Diagnostics) : ICompilationEvent {
+public record DeterminedRootFiles(DafnyProject Project, IReadOnlyList<DafnyFile> Roots) : ICompilationEvent {
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/FinishedParsing.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/FinishedParsing.cs
index daf21f4e832..bb740e0f52e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/FinishedParsing.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/FinishedParsing.cs
@@ -4,7 +4,4 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public record FinishedParsing(
-  Program Program,
-  ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic> Diagnostics) : ICompilationEvent {
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+public record FinishedParsing(Program Program) : ICompilationEvent;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/FinishedResolution.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/FinishedResolution.cs
index 5b64cb6f709..69758e86dbf 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/FinishedResolution.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/FinishedResolution.cs
@@ -6,8 +6,4 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public record FinishedResolution(
-  ResolutionResult Result,
-  ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic> Diagnostics) : ICompilationEvent {
-
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+public record FinishedResolution(ResolutionResult Result) : ICompilationEvent;
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/InternalCompilationException.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/InternalCompilationException.cs
index b1026e1a242..7edeb8b7078 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/InternalCompilationException.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/Events/InternalCompilationException.cs
@@ -3,5 +3,5 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
-public record InternalCompilationException(IPhase Phase, Exception Exception) : ICompilationEvent {
+public record InternalCompilationException(MessageSource Source, Exception Exception) : ICompilationEvent {
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/ISymbolResolver.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/ISymbolResolver.cs
index 332c1d79341..37439a39a63 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/ISymbolResolver.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/ISymbolResolver.cs
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
   public interface ISymbolResolver {
-    void ResolveSymbols(Compilation compilation, Program program, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
+    Task ResolveSymbols(Compilation compilation, Program program, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/NoExecutableBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/NoExecutableBackend.cs
index 4d610e7c850..569c4019268 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/NoExecutableBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/NoExecutableBackend.cs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public override string PublicIdProtect(string name) {
   public override bool SupportsInMemoryCompilation => throw new NotSupportedException();
   public override string ModuleSeparator => ".";
 
-  public override void Compile(Program dafnyProgram, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
+  public override void Compile(Program dafnyProgram, string dafnyProgramName, ConcreteSyntaxTree output) {
     throw new NotSupportedException();
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/ObservableErrorReporter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/ObservableErrorReporter.cs
index 20acfae5f46..b166956401f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/ObservableErrorReporter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/ObservableErrorReporter.cs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ protected override bool MessageCore(MessageSource source, ErrorLevel level, stri
         );
       }
 
-      var dafnyDiagnostic = new DafnyDiagnostic(new MessageSourceBasedPhase(source), errorId!, rootTok, msg, source, level, relatedInformation);
+      var dafnyDiagnostic = new DafnyDiagnostic(source, errorId!, rootTok, msg, level, relatedInformation);
       AddDiagnosticForFile(dafnyDiagnostic, GetUriOrDefault(rootTok));
       return true;
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/TextDocumentLoader.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/TextDocumentLoader.cs
index 65b3f3ea5bd..88f03896177 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/TextDocumentLoader.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Pipeline/TextDocumentLoader.cs
@@ -41,16 +41,16 @@ public async Task<Program> ParseAsync(Compilation compilation, CancellationToken
       CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
 #pragma warning disable CS1998
       return await await DafnyMain.LargeStackFactory.StartNew(
-        async () => ResolveInternal(compilation, program, cancellationToken), cancellationToken);
+        () => ResolveInternal(compilation, program, cancellationToken), cancellationToken);
 #pragma warning restore CS1998
     }
 
-    private ResolutionResult? ResolveInternal(Compilation compilation, Program program, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+    private async Task<ResolutionResult?> ResolveInternal(Compilation compilation, Program program, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
       if (program.HasParseErrors) {
         return null;
       }
 
-      symbolResolver.ResolveSymbols(compilation, program, cancellationToken);
+      await symbolResolver.ResolveSymbols(compilation, program, cancellationToken);
 
       compilation.Options.ProcessSolverOptions(compilation.Reporter, compilation.Options.DafnyProject.StartingToken);
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Plugins/IExecutableBackend.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Plugins/IExecutableBackend.cs
index 4cbd363e6bf..b357a89458a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Plugins/IExecutableBackend.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Plugins/IExecutableBackend.cs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using DafnyCore;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins;
@@ -111,6 +112,9 @@ public virtual string GetCompileName(bool isDefaultModule, string moduleName, st
   protected ErrorReporter? Reporter;
   protected ReadOnlyCollection<string>? OtherFileNames;
 
+  // The following lists are the Options supported by the backend.
+  public virtual IEnumerable<Option> SupportedOptions => new List<Option>();
+
   protected IExecutableBackend(DafnyOptions options) {
     Options = options;
   }
@@ -140,7 +144,7 @@ public virtual void OnPreCompile(ErrorReporter reporter, ReadOnlyCollection<stri
   /// <param name="sourceDirectory">Name of the directory to delete.</param>
   public virtual void CleanSourceDirectory(string sourceDirectory) { }
 
-  public abstract void Compile(Program dafnyProgram, ConcreteSyntaxTree output);
+  public abstract void Compile(Program dafnyProgram, string dafnyProgramName, ConcreteSyntaxTree output);
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Emits a call to <c>mainMethod</c> as the program's entry point, if such an explicit call is
@@ -190,16 +194,29 @@ public abstract Task<bool> RunTargetProgram(string dafnyProgramName, string targ
   public static readonly Option<string> OuterModule =
     new("--outer-module", "Nest all code in this module. Can be used to customize generated code. Use dots as separators (foo.baz.zoo) for deeper nesting. The first specified module will be the outermost one.");
 
-  public virtual IEnumerable<string> GetOuterModules() {
-    return Options.Get(OuterModule)?.Split(".") ?? Enumerable.Empty<string>();
-  }
+  public static readonly Option<IList<FileInfo>> TranslationRecords = new("--translation-record",
+    @"
+A translation record file for previously translated Dafny code. Can be specified multiple times. See https://dafny.org/dafny/DafnyRef/DafnyRef#sec-dtr-files for details.".TrimStart()) {
+  };
+
+  public static readonly Option<FileInfo> TranslationRecordOutput = new("--translation-record-output",
+    @"
+Where to output the translation record file. Defaults to the output directory. See https://dafny.org/dafny/DafnyRef/DafnyRef#sec-dtr-files for details.".TrimStart()) {
+  };
 
   static IExecutableBackend() {
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(OuterModule);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(OuterModule, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(TranslationRecords, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(TranslationRecordOutput, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(OuterModule, OptionScope.Translation);
   }
 
   public virtual Command GetCommand() {
-    return new Command(TargetId, $"Translate Dafny sources to {TargetName} source and build files.");
+    var cmd = new Command(TargetId, $"Translate Dafny sources to {TargetName} source and build files.");
+    foreach (var supportedOption in SupportedOptions) {
+      cmd.AddOption(supportedOption);
+    }
+    return cmd;
   }
 
   public virtual void PopulateCoverageReport(CoverageReport coverageReport) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Boxes.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Boxes.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..660c8d71426
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Boxes.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+module Boxes {
+  export
+    provides Box, arbitrary
+
+  type Box(==,0)
+
+  const arbitrary: Box
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Lists.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Lists.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..17d505d3b8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Lists.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+module Lists {
+  export
+    reveals List, List.Length, List.At, List.Append, List.Take, List.Drop, List.Split
+    provides List.LengthAppend, List.AppendAt, List.AboutDrop
+    provides List.AppendTake, List.TakeFromAppend, List.AppendDrop, List.DropFromAppend
+    provides List.AppendTakeDrop, List.LengthTakeDrop
+
+  datatype List<X> = Nil | Cons(head: X, tail: List<X>)
+  {
+    function Length(): nat {
+      if Nil? then 0 else 1 + tail.Length()
+    }
+
+    function Append(xs: List<X>): List<X> {
+      match this
+      case Nil => xs
+      case Cons(x, tail) => Cons(x, tail.Append(xs))
+    }
+
+    lemma LengthAppend(xs: List<X>)
+      ensures Append(xs).Length() == Length() + xs.Length()
+    {
+    }
+
+    function At(i: nat): X
+      requires i < Length()
+    {
+      if i == 0 then head else tail.At(i - 1)
+    }
+
+    lemma AppendAt(xs: List<X>, i: nat)
+      requires i < Append(xs).Length()
+      ensures Append(xs).At(i) ==
+              if i < Length() then At(i) else (LengthAppend(xs); xs.At(i - Length()))
+    {
+    }
+
+    function Take(n: nat): List<X>
+      requires n <= Length()
+    {
+      if n == 0 then Nil else Cons(head, tail.Take(n - 1))
+    }
+
+    function Drop(n: nat): List<X>
+      requires n <= Length()
+    {
+      if n == 0 then this else tail.Drop(n - 1)
+    }
+
+    function Split(n: nat): (split: (List<X>, List<X>))
+      requires n <= Length()
+      ensures split.0.Append(split.1) == this
+    {
+      AppendTakeDrop(n);
+      (Take(n), Drop(n))
+    }
+
+    lemma AboutDrop(n: nat)
+      requires n < Length()
+      ensures Drop(n).Cons?
+    {
+    }
+
+    lemma AppendTake(xs: List<X>)
+      ensures (LengthAppend(xs); Append(xs).Take(Length()) == this)
+    {
+      match this
+      case Nil =>
+      case Cons(x, tail) =>
+        LengthAppend(xs);
+    }
+
+    lemma TakeFromAppend(xs: List<X>, n: nat)
+      requires n <= Length() + xs.Length()
+      ensures (LengthAppend(xs);
+               Append(xs).Take(n) ==
+               if n <= Length() then Take(n) else Append(xs.Take(n - Length())))
+    {
+      LengthAppend(xs);
+    }
+
+    lemma AppendDrop(xs: List<X>)
+      ensures (LengthAppend(xs); Append(xs).Drop(Length()) == xs)
+    {
+      match this
+      case Nil =>
+      case Cons(x, tail) =>
+        LengthAppend(xs);
+    }
+
+    lemma DropFromAppend(xs: List<X>, n: nat)
+      requires n <= Length() + xs.Length()
+      ensures (LengthAppend(xs);
+               Append(xs).Drop(n) ==
+               if n <= Length() then Drop(n).Append(xs) else xs.Drop(n - Length()))
+    {
+      LengthAppend(xs);
+    }
+
+    lemma AppendTakeDrop(i: nat)
+      requires i <= Length()
+      ensures Take(i).Append(Drop(i)) == this
+    {
+    }
+
+    lemma LengthTakeDrop(i: nat)
+      requires i <= Length()
+      ensures Take(i).Length() == i && Drop(i).Length() == Length() - i
+    {
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Makefile b/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..94e8c4b8341
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+DAFNY=../../../Scripts/dafny
+
+all: DafnyPrelude.bpl
+
+DafnyPrelude.bpl: PreludeCore.bpl Sequences.bpl
+	# cpp is allergic to primes, so we have to do a song and dance around it
+	sed -e "s|'|PRIME|g" -i "" PreludeCore.bpl Sequences.bpl
+	# also, we need to disable preprocessing of Boogie things
+	sed -e "s|^#if|//#if|" -i "" PreludeCore.bpl
+	sed -e "s|^#e|//#e|" -i "" PreludeCore.bpl
+	# Extract Boogie from the model verified in Dafny
+	cpp -C -P PreludeCore.bpl DafnyPrelude.bpl
+	# Undo the song and dance with primes and Boogie preprocessing directives
+	sed -e "s|^//#|#|" -i "" PreludeCore.bpl DafnyPrelude.bpl
+	sed -e "s|PRIME|'|g" -i "" PreludeCore.bpl Sequences.bpl DafnyPrelude.bpl
+
+Sequences.bpl: Lists.dfy Boxes.dfy Sequences.dfy
+	$(DAFNY) verify Lists.dfy Boxes.dfy Sequences.dfy --extract:Sequences.bpl
+	# Remove trailing spaces that the Boogie pretty printer emits
+	sed -e "s| *$$||" -i "" Sequences.bpl
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/PreludeCore.bpl b/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/PreludeCore.bpl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b40823328f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/PreludeCore.bpl
@@ -0,0 +1,1351 @@
+// Dafny prelude
+// Created 9 February 2008 by Rustan Leino.
+// Converted to Boogie 2 on 28 June 2008.
+// Edited sequence axioms 20 October 2009 by Alex Summers.
+// Modified 2014 by Dan Rosen.
+// Copyright (c) 2008-2014, Microsoft.
+// Copyright by the contributors to the Dafny Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+const $$Language$Dafny: bool uses {  // To be recognizable to the ModelViewer as
+  axiom $$Language$Dafny;            // coming from a Dafny program.
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Types ------------------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type Ty;
+type Bv0 = int;
+
+const unique TBool : Ty uses {
+  axiom Tag(TBool) == TagBool;
+}
+const unique TChar : Ty uses {
+  axiom Tag(TChar) == TagChar;
+}
+const unique TInt  : Ty uses {
+  axiom Tag(TInt) == TagInt;
+}
+const unique TReal : Ty uses {
+  axiom Tag(TReal) == TagReal;
+}
+const unique TORDINAL  : Ty uses {
+  axiom Tag(TORDINAL) == TagORDINAL;
+}
+// See for which axioms we can make use of the trigger to determine the connection.
+function TBitvector(int) : Ty;
+axiom (forall w: int :: { TBitvector(w) } Inv0_TBitvector(TBitvector(w)) == w);
+
+function TSet(Ty) : Ty;
+axiom (forall t: Ty :: { TSet(t) } Inv0_TSet(TSet(t)) == t);
+axiom (forall t: Ty :: { TSet(t) }      Tag(TSet(t))      == TagSet);
+
+function TISet(Ty) : Ty;
+axiom (forall t: Ty :: { TISet(t) } Inv0_TISet(TISet(t)) == t);
+axiom (forall t: Ty :: { TISet(t) }     Tag(TISet(t))     == TagISet);
+
+function TMultiSet(Ty) : Ty;
+axiom (forall t: Ty :: { TMultiSet(t) } Inv0_TMultiSet(TMultiSet(t)) == t);
+axiom (forall t: Ty :: { TMultiSet(t) } Tag(TMultiSet(t)) == TagMultiSet);
+
+function TSeq(Ty) : Ty;
+axiom (forall t: Ty :: { TSeq(t) } Inv0_TSeq(TSeq(t)) == t);
+axiom (forall t: Ty :: { TSeq(t) } Tag(TSeq(t)) == TagSeq);
+
+function TMap(Ty, Ty) : Ty;
+axiom (forall t, u: Ty :: { TMap(t,u) } Inv0_TMap(TMap(t,u)) == t);
+axiom (forall t, u: Ty :: { TMap(t,u) } Inv1_TMap(TMap(t,u)) == u);
+axiom (forall t, u: Ty :: { TMap(t,u) } Tag(TMap(t,u)) == TagMap);
+
+function TIMap(Ty, Ty) : Ty;
+axiom (forall t, u: Ty :: { TIMap(t,u) } Inv0_TIMap(TIMap(t,u)) == t);
+axiom (forall t, u: Ty :: { TIMap(t,u) } Inv1_TIMap(TIMap(t,u)) == u);
+axiom (forall t, u: Ty :: { TIMap(t,u) } Tag(TIMap(t,u)) == TagIMap);
+
+
+function Inv0_TBitvector(Ty) : int;
+function Inv0_TSet(Ty) : Ty;
+function Inv0_TISet(Ty) : Ty;
+function Inv0_TSeq(Ty) : Ty;
+function Inv0_TMultiSet(Ty) : Ty;
+function Inv0_TMap(Ty) : Ty;
+function Inv1_TMap(Ty) : Ty;
+function Inv0_TIMap(Ty) : Ty;
+function Inv1_TIMap(Ty) : Ty;
+
+// -- Classes and Datatypes --
+
+// -- Type Tags --
+type TyTag;
+function Tag(Ty) : TyTag;
+
+const unique TagBool     : TyTag;
+const unique TagChar     : TyTag;
+const unique TagInt      : TyTag;
+const unique TagReal     : TyTag;
+const unique TagORDINAL  : TyTag;
+const unique TagSet      : TyTag;
+const unique TagISet     : TyTag;
+const unique TagMultiSet : TyTag;
+const unique TagSeq      : TyTag;
+const unique TagMap      : TyTag;
+const unique TagIMap     : TyTag;
+const unique TagClass    : TyTag;
+
+type TyTagFamily;
+function TagFamily(Ty): TyTagFamily;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Literals ---------------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+function {:identity} Lit<T>(x: T): T { x }
+axiom (forall<T> x: T :: { $Box(Lit(x)) } $Box(Lit(x)) == Lit($Box(x)) );
+
+// Specialize Lit to concrete types.
+// These aren't logically required, but on some examples improve
+// verification speed
+function {:identity} LitInt(x: int): int { x }
+axiom (forall x: int :: { $Box(LitInt(x)) } $Box(LitInt(x)) == Lit($Box(x)) );
+
+function {:identity} LitReal(x: real): real { x }
+axiom (forall x: real :: { $Box(LitReal(x)) } $Box(LitReal(x)) == Lit($Box(x)) );
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Characters -------------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#if UNICODE_CHAR
+function {:inline} char#IsChar(n: int): bool {
+  (0                  <= n && n < 55296   /* 0xD800 */) ||
+  (57344 /* 0xE000 */ <= n && n < 1114112 /* 0x11_0000 */ )
+}
+#else
+function {:inline} char#IsChar(n: int): bool {
+  0 <= n && n < 65536
+}
+#endif
+
+type char;
+function char#FromInt(int): char;
+axiom (forall n: int ::
+  { char#FromInt(n) }
+  char#IsChar(n) ==> char#ToInt(char#FromInt(n)) == n);
+
+function char#ToInt(char): int;
+axiom (forall ch: char ::
+  { char#ToInt(ch) }
+  char#FromInt(char#ToInt(ch)) == ch &&
+  char#IsChar(char#ToInt(ch)));
+
+function char#Plus(char, char): char;
+axiom (forall a: char, b: char ::
+  { char#Plus(a, b) }
+  char#Plus(a, b) == char#FromInt(char#ToInt(a) + char#ToInt(b)));
+
+function char#Minus(char, char): char;
+axiom (forall a: char, b: char ::
+  { char#Minus(a, b) }
+  char#Minus(a, b) == char#FromInt(char#ToInt(a) - char#ToInt(b)));
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- References -------------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type ref;
+const null: ref;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Boxing and unboxing ----------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type Box;
+const $ArbitraryBoxValue: Box;
+
+function $Box<T>(T): Box;
+function $Unbox<T>(Box): T;
+axiom (forall<T> x : T   :: { $Box(x) } $Unbox($Box(x)) == x);
+axiom (forall<T> x : Box :: { $Unbox(x): T} $Box($Unbox(x): T) == x);
+
+
+// Corresponding entries for boxes...
+// This could probably be solved by having Box also inhabit Ty
+function $IsBox(Box,Ty): bool;
+function $IsAllocBox(Box,Ty,Heap): bool;
+
+axiom (forall bx : Box ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TInt) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TInt) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : int) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : int, TInt)));
+axiom (forall bx : Box ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TReal) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TReal) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : real) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : real, TReal)));
+axiom (forall bx : Box ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TBool) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TBool) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : bool) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : bool, TBool)));
+axiom (forall bx : Box ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TChar) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TChar) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : char) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : char, TChar)));
+
+// Since each bitvector type is a separate type in Boogie, the Box/Unbox axioms for bitvectors are
+// generated programmatically. Except, Bv0 is given here.
+axiom (forall bx : Box ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TBitvector(0)) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TBitvector(0)) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : Bv0) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : Bv0, TBitvector(0))));
+
+axiom (forall bx : Box, t : Ty ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TSet(t)) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TSet(t)) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : Set) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : Set, TSet(t))));
+axiom (forall bx : Box, t : Ty ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TISet(t)) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TISet(t)) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : ISet) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : ISet, TISet(t))));
+axiom (forall bx : Box, t : Ty ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TMultiSet(t)) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TMultiSet(t)) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : MultiSet) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : MultiSet, TMultiSet(t))));
+axiom (forall bx : Box, t : Ty ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TSeq(t)) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TSeq(t)) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : Seq) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : Seq, TSeq(t))));
+axiom (forall bx : Box, s : Ty, t : Ty ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TMap(s, t)) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TMap(s, t)) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : Map) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : Map, TMap(s, t))));
+axiom (forall bx : Box, s : Ty, t : Ty ::
+    { $IsBox(bx, TIMap(s, t)) }
+    ( $IsBox(bx, TIMap(s, t)) ==> $Box($Unbox(bx) : IMap) == bx && $Is($Unbox(bx) : IMap, TIMap(s, t))));
+
+axiom (forall<T> v : T, t : Ty ::
+    { $IsBox($Box(v), t) }
+    ( $IsBox($Box(v), t) <==> $Is(v,t) ));
+axiom (forall<T> v : T, t : Ty, h : Heap ::
+    { $IsAllocBox($Box(v), t, h) }
+    ( $IsAllocBox($Box(v), t, h) <==> $IsAlloc(v,t,h) ));
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Is and IsAlloc ---------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Type-argument to $Is is the /representation type/,
+// the second value argument to $Is is the actual type.
+function $Is<T>(T,Ty): bool;           // no heap for now
+axiom(forall v : int  :: { $Is(v,TInt) }  $Is(v,TInt));
+axiom(forall v : real :: { $Is(v,TReal) } $Is(v,TReal));
+axiom(forall v : bool :: { $Is(v,TBool) } $Is(v,TBool));
+axiom(forall v : char :: { $Is(v,TChar) } $Is(v,TChar));
+axiom(forall v : ORDINAL :: { $Is(v,TORDINAL) } $Is(v,TORDINAL));
+
+// Since every bitvector type is a separate type in Boogie, the $Is/$IsAlloc axioms
+// for bitvectors are generated programatically. Except, TBitvector(0) is given here.
+axiom (forall v: Bv0 :: { $Is(v, TBitvector(0)) } $Is(v, TBitvector(0)));
+
+axiom (forall v: Set, t0: Ty :: { $Is(v, TSet(t0)) }
+  $Is(v, TSet(t0)) <==>
+  (forall bx: Box :: { v[bx] }
+    v[bx] ==> $IsBox(bx, t0)));
+axiom (forall v: ISet, t0: Ty :: { $Is(v, TISet(t0)) }
+  $Is(v, TISet(t0)) <==>
+  (forall bx: Box :: { v[bx] }
+    v[bx] ==> $IsBox(bx, t0)));
+axiom (forall v: MultiSet, t0: Ty :: { $Is(v, TMultiSet(t0)) }
+  $Is(v, TMultiSet(t0)) <==>
+  (forall bx: Box :: { v[bx] }
+    0 < v[bx] ==> $IsBox(bx, t0)));
+axiom (forall v: MultiSet, t0: Ty :: { $Is(v, TMultiSet(t0)) }
+  $Is(v, TMultiSet(t0)) ==> $IsGoodMultiSet(v));
+axiom (forall v: Seq, t0: Ty :: { $Is(v, TSeq(t0)) }
+  $Is(v, TSeq(t0)) <==>
+  (forall i : int :: { Seq#Index(v, i) }
+    0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(v) ==>
+    $IsBox(Seq#Index(v, i), t0)));
+
+axiom (forall v: Map, t0: Ty, t1: Ty ::
+  { $Is(v, TMap(t0, t1)) }
+  $Is(v, TMap(t0, t1))
+     <==> (forall bx: Box ::
+      { Map#Elements(v)[bx] } { Map#Domain(v)[bx] }
+      Map#Domain(v)[bx] ==>
+        $IsBox(Map#Elements(v)[bx], t1) &&
+        $IsBox(bx, t0)));
+
+axiom (forall v: Map, t0: Ty, t1: Ty ::
+  { $Is(v, TMap(t0, t1)) }
+  $Is(v, TMap(t0, t1)) ==>
+    $Is(Map#Domain(v), TSet(t0)) &&
+    $Is(Map#Values(v), TSet(t1)) &&
+    $Is(Map#Items(v), TSet(Tclass._System.Tuple2(t0, t1))));
+axiom (forall v: IMap, t0: Ty, t1: Ty ::
+  { $Is(v, TIMap(t0, t1)) }
+  $Is(v, TIMap(t0, t1))
+     <==> (forall bx: Box ::
+      { IMap#Elements(v)[bx] } { IMap#Domain(v)[bx] }
+      IMap#Domain(v)[bx] ==>
+        $IsBox(IMap#Elements(v)[bx], t1) &&
+        $IsBox(bx, t0)));
+axiom (forall v: IMap, t0: Ty, t1: Ty ::
+  { $Is(v, TIMap(t0, t1)) }
+  $Is(v, TIMap(t0, t1)) ==>
+    $Is(IMap#Domain(v), TISet(t0)) &&
+    $Is(IMap#Values(v), TISet(t1)) &&
+    $Is(IMap#Items(v), TISet(Tclass._System.Tuple2(t0, t1))));
+
+function $IsAlloc<T>(T,Ty,Heap): bool;
+axiom(forall h : Heap, v : int  :: { $IsAlloc(v,TInt,h) }  $IsAlloc(v,TInt,h));
+axiom(forall h : Heap, v : real :: { $IsAlloc(v,TReal,h) } $IsAlloc(v,TReal,h));
+axiom(forall h : Heap, v : bool :: { $IsAlloc(v,TBool,h) } $IsAlloc(v,TBool,h));
+axiom(forall h : Heap, v : char :: { $IsAlloc(v,TChar,h) } $IsAlloc(v,TChar,h));
+axiom(forall h : Heap, v : ORDINAL :: { $IsAlloc(v,TORDINAL,h) } $IsAlloc(v,TORDINAL,h));
+
+axiom (forall v: Bv0, h: Heap :: { $IsAlloc(v, TBitvector(0), h) } $IsAlloc(v, TBitvector(0), h));
+
+axiom (forall v: Set, t0: Ty, h: Heap :: { $IsAlloc(v, TSet(t0), h) }
+  $IsAlloc(v, TSet(t0), h) <==>
+  (forall bx: Box :: { v[bx] }
+    v[bx] ==> $IsAllocBox(bx, t0, h)));
+axiom (forall v: ISet, t0: Ty, h: Heap :: { $IsAlloc(v, TISet(t0), h) }
+  $IsAlloc(v, TISet(t0), h) <==>
+  (forall bx: Box :: { v[bx] }
+    v[bx] ==> $IsAllocBox(bx, t0, h)));
+axiom (forall v: MultiSet, t0: Ty, h: Heap :: { $IsAlloc(v, TMultiSet(t0), h) }
+  $IsAlloc(v, TMultiSet(t0), h) <==>
+  (forall bx: Box :: { v[bx] }
+    0 < v[bx] ==> $IsAllocBox(bx, t0, h)));
+axiom (forall v: Seq, t0: Ty, h: Heap :: { $IsAlloc(v, TSeq(t0), h) }
+  $IsAlloc(v, TSeq(t0), h) <==>
+  (forall i : int :: { Seq#Index(v, i) }
+    0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(v) ==>
+	$IsAllocBox(Seq#Index(v, i), t0, h)));
+	
+axiom (forall v: Map, t0: Ty, t1: Ty, h: Heap ::
+  { $IsAlloc(v, TMap(t0, t1), h) }
+  $IsAlloc(v, TMap(t0, t1), h)
+     <==> (forall bx: Box ::
+      { Map#Elements(v)[bx] } { Map#Domain(v)[bx] }
+      Map#Domain(v)[bx] ==>
+        $IsAllocBox(Map#Elements(v)[bx], t1, h) &&
+        $IsAllocBox(bx, t0, h)));
+
+axiom (forall v: IMap, t0: Ty, t1: Ty, h: Heap ::
+  { $IsAlloc(v, TIMap(t0, t1), h) }
+  $IsAlloc(v, TIMap(t0, t1), h)
+     <==> (forall bx: Box ::
+      { IMap#Elements(v)[bx] } { IMap#Domain(v)[bx] }
+      IMap#Domain(v)[bx] ==>
+        $IsAllocBox(IMap#Elements(v)[bx], t1, h) &&
+        $IsAllocBox(bx, t0, h)));
+
+
+function $AlwaysAllocated(Ty): bool;
+  axiom (forall ty: Ty :: { $AlwaysAllocated(ty) }
+    $AlwaysAllocated(ty) ==>
+    (forall h: Heap, v: Box  :: { $IsAllocBox(v, ty, h) }  $IsBox(v, ty) ==> $IsAllocBox(v, ty, h)));
+
+function $OlderTag(Heap): bool;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Encoding of type names -------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type ClassName;
+const unique class._System.int: ClassName;
+const unique class._System.bool: ClassName;
+const unique class._System.set: ClassName;
+const unique class._System.seq: ClassName;
+const unique class._System.multiset: ClassName;
+
+function Tclass._System.object?(): Ty;
+function Tclass._System.Tuple2(Ty, Ty): Ty;
+
+function /*{:never_pattern true}*/ dtype(ref): Ty; // changed from ClassName to Ty
+
+function TypeTuple(a: ClassName, b: ClassName): ClassName;
+function TypeTupleCar(ClassName): ClassName;
+function TypeTupleCdr(ClassName): ClassName;
+// TypeTuple is injective in both arguments:
+axiom (forall a: ClassName, b: ClassName :: { TypeTuple(a,b) }
+  TypeTupleCar(TypeTuple(a,b)) == a &&
+  TypeTupleCdr(TypeTuple(a,b)) == b);
+
+// -- Function handles -------------------------------------------
+
+type HandleType;
+
+function SetRef_to_SetBox(s: [ref]bool): Set;
+axiom (forall s: [ref]bool, bx: Box :: { SetRef_to_SetBox(s)[bx] }
+  SetRef_to_SetBox(s)[bx] == s[$Unbox(bx): ref]);
+axiom (forall s: [ref]bool :: { SetRef_to_SetBox(s) }
+  $Is(SetRef_to_SetBox(s), TSet(Tclass._System.object?())));
+
+// Functions ApplyN, RequiresN, and ReadsN are generated on demand by the translator,
+// but Apply1 is referred to in the prelude, so its definition is hardcoded here.
+function Apply1(Ty, Ty, Heap, HandleType, Box): Box;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Datatypes --------------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type DatatypeType;
+
+type DtCtorId;
+function DatatypeCtorId(DatatypeType): DtCtorId;
+
+function DtRank(DatatypeType): int;
+function BoxRank(Box): int;
+
+axiom (forall d: DatatypeType :: {BoxRank($Box(d))} BoxRank($Box(d)) == DtRank(d));
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Big Ordinals -----------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type ORDINAL = Box;  // :| There are more big ordinals than boxes
+
+// The following two functions give an abstracton over all ordinals.
+// Function ORD#IsNat returns true when the ordinal is one of the natural
+// numbers.  Function ORD#Offset gives how many successors (that is,
+// +1 operations) an ordinal is above the nearest lower limit ordinal.
+// That is, if the ordinal is \lambda+n, then ORD#Offset returns n.
+function ORD#IsNat(ORDINAL): bool;
+function ORD#Offset(ORDINAL): int;
+axiom (forall o:ORDINAL :: { ORD#Offset(o) } 0 <= ORD#Offset(o));
+
+function {:inline} ORD#IsLimit(o: ORDINAL): bool { ORD#Offset(o) == 0 }
+function {:inline} ORD#IsSucc(o: ORDINAL): bool { 0 < ORD#Offset(o) }
+
+function ORD#FromNat(int): ORDINAL;
+axiom (forall n:int :: { ORD#FromNat(n) }
+  0 <= n ==> ORD#IsNat(ORD#FromNat(n)) && ORD#Offset(ORD#FromNat(n)) == n);
+axiom (forall o:ORDINAL :: { ORD#Offset(o) } { ORD#IsNat(o) }
+  ORD#IsNat(o) ==> o == ORD#FromNat(ORD#Offset(o)));
+
+function ORD#Less(ORDINAL, ORDINAL): bool;
+axiom (forall o,p: ORDINAL :: { ORD#Less(o,p) }
+  (ORD#Less(o,p) ==> o != p) &&  // irreflexivity
+  (ORD#IsNat(o) && !ORD#IsNat(p) ==> ORD#Less(o,p)) &&
+  (ORD#IsNat(o) && ORD#IsNat(p) ==> ORD#Less(o,p) == (ORD#Offset(o) < ORD#Offset(p))) &&
+  (ORD#Less(o,p) && ORD#IsNat(p) ==> ORD#IsNat(o)));
+// ORD#Less is trichotomous:
+axiom (forall o,p: ORDINAL :: { ORD#Less(o,p), ORD#Less(p,o) }
+  ORD#Less(o,p) || o == p || ORD#Less(p,o));
+// ORD#Less is transitive:
+axiom (forall o,p,r: ORDINAL ::
+  { ORD#Less(o,p), ORD#Less(p,r) }
+  { ORD#Less(o,p), ORD#Less(o,r) }
+  ORD#Less(o,p) && ORD#Less(p,r) ==> ORD#Less(o,r));
+
+// ORD#LessThanLimit is a synonym of ORD#Less, introduced for more selected triggering
+function ORD#LessThanLimit(ORDINAL, ORDINAL): bool;
+axiom (forall o,p: ORDINAL :: { ORD#LessThanLimit(o, p) }
+  ORD#LessThanLimit(o, p) == ORD#Less(o, p));
+
+function ORD#Plus(ORDINAL, ORDINAL): ORDINAL;
+axiom (forall o,p: ORDINAL :: { ORD#Plus(o,p) }
+  (ORD#IsNat(ORD#Plus(o,p)) ==> ORD#IsNat(o) && ORD#IsNat(p)) &&
+  (ORD#IsNat(p) ==>
+    ORD#IsNat(ORD#Plus(o,p)) == ORD#IsNat(o) &&
+    ORD#Offset(ORD#Plus(o,p)) == ORD#Offset(o) + ORD#Offset(p)));
+axiom (forall o,p: ORDINAL :: { ORD#Plus(o,p) }
+  (o == ORD#Plus(o, p) || ORD#Less(o, ORD#Plus(o, p))) &&
+  (p == ORD#Plus(o, p) || ORD#Less(p, ORD#Plus(o, p))));
+axiom (forall o,p: ORDINAL :: { ORD#Plus(o,p) }
+  (o == ORD#FromNat(0) ==> ORD#Plus(o, p) == p) &&
+  (p == ORD#FromNat(0) ==> ORD#Plus(o, p) == o));
+
+function ORD#Minus(ORDINAL, ORDINAL): ORDINAL;
+axiom (forall o,p: ORDINAL :: { ORD#Minus(o,p) }
+  ORD#IsNat(p) && ORD#Offset(p) <= ORD#Offset(o) ==>
+    ORD#IsNat(ORD#Minus(o,p)) == ORD#IsNat(o) &&
+    ORD#Offset(ORD#Minus(o,p)) == ORD#Offset(o) - ORD#Offset(p));
+axiom (forall o,p: ORDINAL :: { ORD#Minus(o,p) }
+  ORD#IsNat(p) && ORD#Offset(p) <= ORD#Offset(o) ==>
+    (p == ORD#FromNat(0) && ORD#Minus(o, p) == o) ||
+    (p != ORD#FromNat(0) && ORD#Less(ORD#Minus(o, p), o)));
+
+// o+m+n == o+(m+n)
+axiom (forall o: ORDINAL, m,n: int ::
+  { ORD#Plus(ORD#Plus(o, ORD#FromNat(m)), ORD#FromNat(n)) }
+  0 <= m && 0 <= n ==>
+  ORD#Plus(ORD#Plus(o, ORD#FromNat(m)), ORD#FromNat(n)) == ORD#Plus(o, ORD#FromNat(m+n)));
+// o-m-n == o+(m+n)
+axiom (forall o: ORDINAL, m,n: int ::
+  { ORD#Minus(ORD#Minus(o, ORD#FromNat(m)), ORD#FromNat(n)) }
+  0 <= m && 0 <= n && m+n <= ORD#Offset(o) ==>
+  ORD#Minus(ORD#Minus(o, ORD#FromNat(m)), ORD#FromNat(n)) == ORD#Minus(o, ORD#FromNat(m+n)));
+// o+m-n == EITHER o+(m-n) OR o-(n-m)
+axiom (forall o: ORDINAL, m,n: int ::
+  { ORD#Minus(ORD#Plus(o, ORD#FromNat(m)), ORD#FromNat(n)) }
+  0 <= m && 0 <= n && n <= ORD#Offset(o) + m ==>
+    (0 <= m - n ==> ORD#Minus(ORD#Plus(o, ORD#FromNat(m)), ORD#FromNat(n)) == ORD#Plus(o, ORD#FromNat(m-n))) &&
+    (m - n <= 0 ==> ORD#Minus(ORD#Plus(o, ORD#FromNat(m)), ORD#FromNat(n)) == ORD#Minus(o, ORD#FromNat(n-m))));
+// o-m+n == EITHER o-(m-n) OR o+(n-m)
+axiom (forall o: ORDINAL, m,n: int ::
+  { ORD#Plus(ORD#Minus(o, ORD#FromNat(m)), ORD#FromNat(n)) }
+  0 <= m && 0 <= n && n <= ORD#Offset(o) + m ==>
+    (0 <= m - n ==> ORD#Plus(ORD#Minus(o, ORD#FromNat(m)), ORD#FromNat(n)) == ORD#Minus(o, ORD#FromNat(m-n))) &&
+    (m - n <= 0 ==> ORD#Plus(ORD#Minus(o, ORD#FromNat(m)), ORD#FromNat(n)) == ORD#Plus(o, ORD#FromNat(n-m))));
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Axiom contexts ---------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// used to make sure function axioms are not used while their consistency is being checked
+const $ModuleContextHeight: int;
+const $FunctionContextHeight: int;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Layers of function encodings -------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type LayerType;
+const $LZ: LayerType;
+function $LS(LayerType): LayerType;
+function AsFuelBottom(LayerType) : LayerType;
+
+function AtLayer<A>([LayerType]A, LayerType): A;
+axiom (forall<A> f : [LayerType]A, ly : LayerType :: { AtLayer(f,ly) } AtLayer(f,ly) == f[ly]);
+axiom (forall<A> f : [LayerType]A, ly : LayerType :: { AtLayer(f,$LS(ly)) } AtLayer(f,$LS(ly)) == AtLayer(f,ly));
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Fields -----------------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type Field;
+
+function FDim(Field): int uses {
+  axiom FDim(alloc) == 0;
+}
+
+function IndexField(int): Field;
+axiom (forall i: int :: { IndexField(i) } FDim(IndexField(i)) == 1);
+function IndexField_Inverse(Field): int;
+axiom (forall i: int :: { IndexField(i) } IndexField_Inverse(IndexField(i)) == i);
+
+function MultiIndexField(Field, int): Field;
+axiom (forall f: Field, i: int :: { MultiIndexField(f,i) } FDim(MultiIndexField(f,i)) == FDim(f) + 1);
+function MultiIndexField_Inverse0(Field): Field;
+function MultiIndexField_Inverse1(Field): int;
+axiom (forall f: Field, i: int :: { MultiIndexField(f,i) }
+  MultiIndexField_Inverse0(MultiIndexField(f,i)) == f &&
+  MultiIndexField_Inverse1(MultiIndexField(f,i)) == i);
+
+function DeclType(Field): ClassName;
+
+type NameFamily;
+function DeclName(Field): NameFamily uses {
+  axiom DeclName(alloc) == allocName;
+}
+function FieldOfDecl(ClassName, NameFamily): Field;
+axiom (forall cl : ClassName, nm: NameFamily ::
+   {FieldOfDecl(cl, nm): Field}
+   DeclType(FieldOfDecl(cl, nm): Field) == cl && DeclName(FieldOfDecl(cl, nm): Field) == nm);
+
+function $IsGhostField(Field): bool uses {
+   axiom $IsGhostField(alloc); // treat as ghost field, since it is allowed to be changed by ghost code
+}
+axiom (forall h: Heap, k: Heap :: { $HeapSuccGhost(h,k) }
+  $HeapSuccGhost(h,k) ==>
+    $HeapSucc(h,k) &&
+    (forall o: ref, f: Field :: { read(k, o, f) }
+      !$IsGhostField(f) ==> read(h, o, f) == read(k, o, f)));
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Allocatedness and Heap Succession --------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+// $IsAlloc and $IsAllocBox are monotonic
+
+axiom (forall<T> h, k : Heap, v : T, t : Ty ::
+  { $HeapSucc(h, k), $IsAlloc(v, t, h) }
+  $HeapSucc(h, k) ==> $IsAlloc(v, t, h) ==> $IsAlloc(v, t, k));
+axiom (forall h, k : Heap, bx : Box, t : Ty ::
+  { $HeapSucc(h, k), $IsAllocBox(bx, t, h) }
+  $HeapSucc(h, k) ==> $IsAllocBox(bx, t, h) ==> $IsAllocBox(bx, t, k));
+
+// No axioms for $Is and $IsBox since they don't talk about the heap.
+
+const unique alloc: Field;
+const unique allocName: NameFamily;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Arrays -----------------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function _System.array.Length(a: ref): int;
+axiom (forall o: ref :: {_System.array.Length(o)} 0 <= _System.array.Length(o));
+
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Reals ------------------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function Int(x: real): int { int(x) }
+function Real(x: int): real { real(x) }
+axiom (forall i: int :: { Int(Real(i)) } Int(Real(i)) == i);
+
+function {:inline} _System.real.Floor(x: real): int { Int(x) }
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- The heap ---------------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+type Heap = [ref][Field]Box;
+function {:inline} read(H: Heap, r: ref, f: Field) : Box { H[r][f] }
+function {:inline} update(H:Heap, r:ref, f: Field, v: Box) : Heap { H[r := H[r][f := v]] }
+
+function $IsGoodHeap(Heap): bool;
+function $IsHeapAnchor(Heap): bool;
+var $Heap: Heap where $IsGoodHeap($Heap) && $IsHeapAnchor($Heap);
+
+// The following is used as a reference heap in places where the translation needs a heap
+// but the expression generated is really one that is (at least in a correct program)
+// independent of the heap.
+const $OneHeap: Heap uses {
+  axiom $IsGoodHeap($OneHeap);
+}
+
+function $HeapSucc(Heap, Heap): bool;
+axiom (forall h: Heap, r: ref, f: Field, x: Box :: { update(h, r, f, x) }
+  $IsGoodHeap(update(h, r, f, x)) ==>
+  $HeapSucc(h, update(h, r, f, x)));
+axiom (forall a,b,c: Heap :: { $HeapSucc(a,b), $HeapSucc(b,c) }
+  a != c ==> $HeapSucc(a,b) && $HeapSucc(b,c) ==> $HeapSucc(a,c));
+axiom (forall h: Heap, k: Heap :: { $HeapSucc(h,k) }
+  $HeapSucc(h,k) ==> (forall o: ref :: { read(k, o, alloc) } $Unbox(read(h, o, alloc)) ==> $Unbox(read(k, o, alloc))));
+
+function $HeapSuccGhost(Heap, Heap): bool;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Useful macros ----------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// havoc everything in $Heap, except {this}+rds+nw
+procedure $YieldHavoc(this: ref, rds: Set, nw: Set);
+  modifies $Heap;
+  ensures (forall $o: ref, $f: Field :: { read($Heap, $o, $f) }
+            $o != null && $Unbox(read(old($Heap), $o, alloc)) ==>
+            $o == this || rds[$Box($o)] || nw[$Box($o)] ==>
+              read($Heap, $o, $f) == read(old($Heap), $o, $f));
+  ensures $HeapSucc(old($Heap), $Heap);
+
+// havoc everything in $Heap, except rds-modi-{this}
+procedure $IterHavoc0(this: ref, rds: Set, modi: Set);
+  modifies $Heap;
+  ensures (forall $o: ref, $f: Field :: { read($Heap, $o, $f) }
+            $o != null && $Unbox(read(old($Heap), $o, alloc)) ==>
+            rds[$Box($o)] && !modi[$Box($o)] && $o != this ==>
+              read($Heap, $o, $f) == read(old($Heap), $o, $f));
+  ensures $HeapSucc(old($Heap), $Heap);
+
+// havoc $Heap at {this}+modi+nw
+procedure $IterHavoc1(this: ref, modi: Set, nw: Set);
+  modifies $Heap;
+  ensures (forall $o: ref, $f: Field :: { read($Heap, $o, $f) }
+            $o != null && $Unbox(read(old($Heap), $o, alloc)) ==>
+              read($Heap, $o, $f) == read(old($Heap), $o, $f) ||
+              $o == this || modi[$Box($o)] || nw[$Box($o)]);
+  ensures $HeapSucc(old($Heap), $Heap);
+
+procedure $IterCollectNewObjects(prevHeap: Heap, newHeap: Heap, this: ref, NW: Field)
+                        returns (s: Set);
+  ensures (forall bx: Box :: { s[bx] } s[bx] <==>
+              ($Unbox(read(newHeap, this, NW)) : Set)[bx] ||
+              ($Unbox(bx) != null && !$Unbox(read(prevHeap, $Unbox(bx):ref, alloc)) && $Unbox(read(newHeap, $Unbox(bx):ref, alloc))));
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Axiomatizations --------------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Axiomatization of sets -------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type Set = [Box]bool;
+
+function Set#Card(Set): int;
+axiom (forall s: Set :: { Set#Card(s) } 0 <= Set#Card(s));
+
+function Set#Empty(): Set;
+axiom (forall o: Box :: { Set#Empty()[o] } !Set#Empty()[o]);
+axiom (forall s: Set :: { Set#Card(s) }
+  (Set#Card(s) == 0 <==> s == Set#Empty()) &&
+  (Set#Card(s) != 0 ==> (exists x: Box :: s[x])));
+
+// the empty set could be of anything
+//axiom (forall t: Ty :: { $Is(Set#Empty() : [Box]bool, TSet(t)) } $Is(Set#Empty() : [Box]bool, TSet(t)));
+
+function Set#Singleton(Box): Set;
+axiom (forall r: Box :: { Set#Singleton(r) } Set#Singleton(r)[r]);
+axiom (forall r: Box, o: Box :: { Set#Singleton(r)[o] } Set#Singleton(r)[o] <==> r == o);
+axiom (forall r: Box :: { Set#Card(Set#Singleton(r)) } Set#Card(Set#Singleton(r)) == 1);
+
+function Set#UnionOne(Set, Box): Set;
+axiom (forall a: Set, x: Box, o: Box :: { Set#UnionOne(a,x)[o] }
+  Set#UnionOne(a,x)[o] <==> o == x || a[o]);
+axiom (forall a: Set, x: Box :: { Set#UnionOne(a, x) }
+  Set#UnionOne(a, x)[x]);
+axiom (forall a: Set, x: Box, y: Box :: { Set#UnionOne(a, x), a[y] }
+  a[y] ==> Set#UnionOne(a, x)[y]);
+axiom (forall a: Set, x: Box :: { Set#Card(Set#UnionOne(a, x)) }
+  a[x] ==> Set#Card(Set#UnionOne(a, x)) == Set#Card(a));
+axiom (forall a: Set, x: Box :: { Set#Card(Set#UnionOne(a, x)) }
+  !a[x] ==> Set#Card(Set#UnionOne(a, x)) == Set#Card(a) + 1);
+
+function Set#Union(Set, Set): Set;
+axiom (forall a: Set, b: Set, o: Box :: { Set#Union(a,b)[o] }
+  Set#Union(a,b)[o] <==> a[o] || b[o]);
+axiom (forall a, b: Set, y: Box :: { Set#Union(a, b), a[y] }
+  a[y] ==> Set#Union(a, b)[y]);
+axiom (forall a, b: Set, y: Box :: { Set#Union(a, b), b[y] }
+  b[y] ==> Set#Union(a, b)[y]);
+axiom (forall a, b: Set :: { Set#Union(a, b) }
+  Set#Disjoint(a, b) ==>
+    Set#Difference(Set#Union(a, b), a) == b &&
+    Set#Difference(Set#Union(a, b), b) == a);
+// Follows from the general union axiom, but might be still worth including, because disjoint union is a common case:
+// axiom (forall a, b: Set :: { Set#Card(Set#Union(a, b)) }
+//   Set#Disjoint(a, b) ==>
+//     Set#Card(Set#Union(a, b)) == Set#Card(a) + Set#Card(b));
+
+function Set#Intersection(Set, Set): Set;
+axiom (forall a: Set, b: Set, o: Box :: { Set#Intersection(a,b)[o] }
+  Set#Intersection(a,b)[o] <==> a[o] && b[o]);
+
+axiom (forall a, b: Set :: { Set#Union(Set#Union(a, b), b) }
+  Set#Union(Set#Union(a, b), b) == Set#Union(a, b));
+axiom (forall a, b: Set :: { Set#Union(a, Set#Union(a, b)) }
+  Set#Union(a, Set#Union(a, b)) == Set#Union(a, b));
+axiom (forall a, b: Set :: { Set#Intersection(Set#Intersection(a, b), b) }
+  Set#Intersection(Set#Intersection(a, b), b) == Set#Intersection(a, b));
+axiom (forall a, b: Set :: { Set#Intersection(a, Set#Intersection(a, b)) }
+  Set#Intersection(a, Set#Intersection(a, b)) == Set#Intersection(a, b));
+axiom (forall a, b: Set :: { Set#Card(Set#Union(a, b)) }{ Set#Card(Set#Intersection(a, b)) }
+  Set#Card(Set#Union(a, b)) + Set#Card(Set#Intersection(a, b)) == Set#Card(a) + Set#Card(b));
+
+function Set#Difference(Set, Set): Set;
+axiom (forall a: Set, b: Set, o: Box :: { Set#Difference(a,b)[o] }
+  Set#Difference(a,b)[o] <==> a[o] && !b[o]);
+axiom (forall a, b: Set, y: Box :: { Set#Difference(a, b), b[y] }
+  b[y] ==> !Set#Difference(a, b)[y] );
+axiom (forall a, b: Set ::
+  { Set#Card(Set#Difference(a, b)) }
+  Set#Card(Set#Difference(a, b)) + Set#Card(Set#Difference(b, a))
+  + Set#Card(Set#Intersection(a, b))
+    == Set#Card(Set#Union(a, b)) &&
+  Set#Card(Set#Difference(a, b)) == Set#Card(a) - Set#Card(Set#Intersection(a, b)));
+
+function Set#Subset(Set, Set): bool;
+axiom (forall a: Set, b: Set :: { Set#Subset(a,b) }
+  Set#Subset(a,b) <==> (forall o: Box :: {a[o]} {b[o]} a[o] ==> b[o]));
+// axiom(forall a: Set, b: Set ::
+//   { Set#Subset(a,b), Set#Card(a), Set#Card(b) }  // very restrictive trigger
+//   Set#Subset(a,b) ==> Set#Card(a) <= Set#Card(b));
+
+
+function Set#Equal(Set, Set): bool;
+axiom (forall a: Set, b: Set :: { Set#Equal(a,b) }
+  Set#Equal(a,b) <==> (forall o: Box :: {a[o]} {b[o]} a[o] <==> b[o]));
+axiom (forall a: Set, b: Set :: { Set#Equal(a,b) }  // extensionality axiom for sets
+  Set#Equal(a,b) ==> a == b);
+
+function Set#Disjoint(Set, Set): bool;
+axiom (forall a: Set, b: Set :: { Set#Disjoint(a,b) }
+  Set#Disjoint(a,b) <==> (forall o: Box :: {a[o]} {b[o]} !a[o] || !b[o]));
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Axiomatization of isets -------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type ISet = [Box]bool;
+
+function ISet#Empty(): Set;
+axiom (forall o: Box :: { ISet#Empty()[o] } !ISet#Empty()[o]);
+
+// the empty set could be of anything
+//axiom (forall t: Ty :: { $Is(ISet#Empty() : [Box]bool, TISet(t)) } $Is(ISet#Empty() : [Box]bool, TISet(t)));
+
+
+function ISet#UnionOne(ISet, Box): ISet;
+axiom (forall a: ISet, x: Box, o: Box :: { ISet#UnionOne(a,x)[o] }
+  ISet#UnionOne(a,x)[o] <==> o == x || a[o]);
+axiom (forall a: ISet, x: Box :: { ISet#UnionOne(a, x) }
+  ISet#UnionOne(a, x)[x]);
+axiom (forall a: ISet, x: Box, y: Box :: { ISet#UnionOne(a, x), a[y] }
+  a[y] ==> ISet#UnionOne(a, x)[y]);
+
+function ISet#Union(ISet, ISet): ISet;
+axiom (forall a: ISet, b: ISet, o: Box :: { ISet#Union(a,b)[o] }
+  ISet#Union(a,b)[o] <==> a[o] || b[o]);
+axiom (forall a, b: ISet, y: Box :: { ISet#Union(a, b), a[y] }
+  a[y] ==> ISet#Union(a, b)[y]);
+axiom (forall a, b: Set, y: Box :: { ISet#Union(a, b), b[y] }
+  b[y] ==> ISet#Union(a, b)[y]);
+axiom (forall a, b: ISet :: { ISet#Union(a, b) }
+  ISet#Disjoint(a, b) ==>
+    ISet#Difference(ISet#Union(a, b), a) == b &&
+    ISet#Difference(ISet#Union(a, b), b) == a);
+
+function ISet#Intersection(ISet, ISet): ISet;
+axiom (forall a: ISet, b: ISet, o: Box :: { ISet#Intersection(a,b)[o] }
+  ISet#Intersection(a,b)[o] <==> a[o] && b[o]);
+
+axiom (forall a, b: ISet :: { ISet#Union(ISet#Union(a, b), b) }
+  ISet#Union(ISet#Union(a, b), b) == ISet#Union(a, b));
+axiom (forall a, b: Set :: { ISet#Union(a, ISet#Union(a, b)) }
+  ISet#Union(a, ISet#Union(a, b)) == ISet#Union(a, b));
+axiom (forall a, b: ISet :: { ISet#Intersection(ISet#Intersection(a, b), b) }
+  ISet#Intersection(ISet#Intersection(a, b), b) == ISet#Intersection(a, b));
+axiom (forall a, b: ISet :: { ISet#Intersection(a, ISet#Intersection(a, b)) }
+  ISet#Intersection(a, ISet#Intersection(a, b)) == ISet#Intersection(a, b));
+
+
+function ISet#Difference(ISet, ISet): ISet;
+axiom (forall a: ISet, b: ISet, o: Box :: { ISet#Difference(a,b)[o] }
+  ISet#Difference(a,b)[o] <==> a[o] && !b[o]);
+axiom (forall a, b: ISet, y: Box :: { ISet#Difference(a, b), b[y] }
+  b[y] ==> !ISet#Difference(a, b)[y] );
+
+function ISet#Subset(ISet, ISet): bool;
+axiom (forall a: ISet, b: ISet :: { ISet#Subset(a,b) }
+  ISet#Subset(a,b) <==> (forall o: Box :: {a[o]} {b[o]} a[o] ==> b[o]));
+
+function ISet#Equal(ISet, ISet): bool;
+axiom (forall a: ISet, b: ISet :: { ISet#Equal(a,b) }
+  ISet#Equal(a,b) <==> (forall o: Box :: {a[o]} {b[o]} a[o] <==> b[o]));
+axiom (forall a: ISet, b: ISet :: { ISet#Equal(a,b) }  // extensionality axiom for sets
+  ISet#Equal(a,b) ==> a == b);
+
+function ISet#Disjoint(ISet, ISet): bool;
+axiom (forall a: ISet, b: ISet :: { ISet#Disjoint(a,b) }
+  ISet#Disjoint(a,b) <==> (forall o: Box :: {a[o]} {b[o]} !a[o] || !b[o]));
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Axiomatization of multisets --------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function Math#min(a: int, b: int): int;
+axiom (forall a: int, b: int :: { Math#min(a, b) } a <= b <==> Math#min(a, b) == a);
+axiom (forall a: int, b: int :: { Math#min(a, b) } b <= a <==> Math#min(a, b) == b);
+axiom (forall a: int, b: int :: { Math#min(a, b) } Math#min(a, b) == a || Math#min(a, b) == b);
+
+function Math#clip(a: int): int;
+axiom (forall a: int :: { Math#clip(a) } 0 <= a ==> Math#clip(a) == a);
+axiom (forall a: int :: { Math#clip(a) } a < 0  ==> Math#clip(a) == 0);
+
+type MultiSet = [Box]int;
+
+function $IsGoodMultiSet(ms: MultiSet): bool;
+// ints are non-negative, used after havocing, and for conversion from sequences to multisets.
+axiom (forall ms: MultiSet :: { $IsGoodMultiSet(ms) }
+  $IsGoodMultiSet(ms) <==>
+  (forall bx: Box :: { ms[bx] } 0 <= ms[bx] && ms[bx] <= MultiSet#Card(ms)));
+
+function MultiSet#Card(MultiSet): int;
+axiom (forall s: MultiSet :: { MultiSet#Card(s) } 0 <= MultiSet#Card(s));
+axiom (forall s: MultiSet, x: Box, n: int :: { MultiSet#Card(s[x := n]) }
+  0 <= n ==> MultiSet#Card(s[x := n]) == MultiSet#Card(s) - s[x] + n);
+
+function MultiSet#Empty(): MultiSet;
+axiom (forall o: Box :: { MultiSet#Empty()[o] } MultiSet#Empty()[o] == 0);
+axiom (forall s: MultiSet :: { MultiSet#Card(s) }
+  (MultiSet#Card(s) == 0 <==> s == MultiSet#Empty()) &&
+  (MultiSet#Card(s) != 0 ==> (exists x: Box :: 0 < s[x])));
+
+function MultiSet#Singleton(Box): MultiSet;
+axiom (forall r: Box, o: Box :: { MultiSet#Singleton(r)[o] } (MultiSet#Singleton(r)[o] == 1 <==> r == o) &&
+                                                            (MultiSet#Singleton(r)[o] == 0 <==> r != o));
+axiom (forall r: Box :: { MultiSet#Singleton(r) } MultiSet#Singleton(r) == MultiSet#UnionOne(MultiSet#Empty(), r));
+
+function MultiSet#UnionOne(MultiSet, Box): MultiSet;
+// pure containment axiom (in the original multiset or is the added element)
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, x: Box, o: Box :: { MultiSet#UnionOne(a,x)[o] }
+  0 < MultiSet#UnionOne(a,x)[o] <==> o == x || 0 < a[o]);
+// union-ing increases count by one
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, x: Box :: { MultiSet#UnionOne(a, x) }
+  MultiSet#UnionOne(a, x)[x] == a[x] + 1);
+// non-decreasing
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, x: Box, y: Box :: { MultiSet#UnionOne(a, x), a[y] }
+  0 < a[y] ==> 0 < MultiSet#UnionOne(a, x)[y]);
+// other elements unchanged
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, x: Box, y: Box :: { MultiSet#UnionOne(a, x), a[y] }
+  x != y ==> a[y] == MultiSet#UnionOne(a, x)[y]);
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, x: Box :: { MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#UnionOne(a, x)) }
+  MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#UnionOne(a, x)) == MultiSet#Card(a) + 1);
+
+
+function MultiSet#Union(MultiSet, MultiSet): MultiSet;
+// union-ing is the sum of the contents
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, b: MultiSet, o: Box :: { MultiSet#Union(a,b)[o] }
+  MultiSet#Union(a,b)[o] == a[o] + b[o]);
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, b: MultiSet :: { MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#Union(a,b)) }
+  MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#Union(a,b)) == MultiSet#Card(a) + MultiSet#Card(b));
+
+function MultiSet#Intersection(MultiSet, MultiSet): MultiSet;
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, b: MultiSet, o: Box :: { MultiSet#Intersection(a,b)[o] }
+  MultiSet#Intersection(a,b)[o] == Math#min(a[o],  b[o]));
+
+// left and right pseudo-idempotence
+axiom (forall a, b: MultiSet :: { MultiSet#Intersection(MultiSet#Intersection(a, b), b) }
+  MultiSet#Intersection(MultiSet#Intersection(a, b), b) == MultiSet#Intersection(a, b));
+axiom (forall a, b: MultiSet :: { MultiSet#Intersection(a, MultiSet#Intersection(a, b)) }
+  MultiSet#Intersection(a, MultiSet#Intersection(a, b)) == MultiSet#Intersection(a, b));
+
+// multiset difference, a - b. clip() makes it positive.
+function MultiSet#Difference(MultiSet, MultiSet): MultiSet;
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, b: MultiSet, o: Box :: { MultiSet#Difference(a,b)[o] }
+  MultiSet#Difference(a,b)[o] == Math#clip(a[o] - b[o]));
+axiom (forall a, b: MultiSet, y: Box :: { MultiSet#Difference(a, b), b[y], a[y] }
+  a[y] <= b[y] ==> MultiSet#Difference(a, b)[y] == 0 );
+axiom (forall a, b: MultiSet ::
+  { MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#Difference(a, b)) }
+  MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#Difference(a, b)) + MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#Difference(b, a))
+  + 2 * MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#Intersection(a, b))
+    == MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#Union(a, b)) &&
+  MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#Difference(a, b)) == MultiSet#Card(a) - MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#Intersection(a, b)));
+
+// multiset subset means a must have at most as many of each element as b
+function MultiSet#Subset(MultiSet, MultiSet): bool;
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, b: MultiSet :: { MultiSet#Subset(a,b) }
+  MultiSet#Subset(a,b) <==> (forall o: Box :: {a[o]} {b[o]} a[o] <= b[o]));
+
+function MultiSet#Equal(MultiSet, MultiSet): bool;
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, b: MultiSet :: { MultiSet#Equal(a,b) }
+  MultiSet#Equal(a,b) <==> (forall o: Box :: {a[o]} {b[o]} a[o] == b[o]));
+// extensionality axiom for multisets
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, b: MultiSet :: { MultiSet#Equal(a,b) }
+  MultiSet#Equal(a,b) ==> a == b);
+
+function MultiSet#Disjoint(MultiSet, MultiSet): bool;
+axiom (forall a: MultiSet, b: MultiSet :: { MultiSet#Disjoint(a,b) }
+  MultiSet#Disjoint(a,b) <==> (forall o: Box :: {a[o]} {b[o]} a[o] == 0 || b[o] == 0));
+
+// conversion to a multiset. each element in the original set has duplicity 1.
+function MultiSet#FromSet(Set): MultiSet;
+axiom (forall s: Set, a: Box :: { MultiSet#FromSet(s)[a] }
+  (MultiSet#FromSet(s)[a] == 0 <==> !s[a]) &&
+  (MultiSet#FromSet(s)[a] == 1 <==> s[a]));
+axiom (forall s: Set :: { MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#FromSet(s)) }
+  MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#FromSet(s)) == Set#Card(s));
+
+// conversion to a multiset, from a sequence.
+function MultiSet#FromSeq(Seq): MultiSet uses {
+  axiom MultiSet#FromSeq(Seq#Empty(): Seq) == MultiSet#Empty(): MultiSet;
+}
+
+// conversion produces a good map.
+axiom (forall s: Seq :: { MultiSet#FromSeq(s) } $IsGoodMultiSet(MultiSet#FromSeq(s)) );
+// cardinality axiom
+axiom (forall s: Seq ::
+  { MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#FromSeq(s)) }
+    MultiSet#Card(MultiSet#FromSeq(s)) == Seq#Length(s));
+// building axiom
+axiom (forall s: Seq, v: Box ::
+  { MultiSet#FromSeq(Seq#Build(s, v)) }
+    MultiSet#FromSeq(Seq#Build(s, v)) == MultiSet#UnionOne(MultiSet#FromSeq(s), v)
+  );
+
+// concatenation axiom
+axiom (forall a: Seq, b: Seq ::
+  { MultiSet#FromSeq(Seq#Append(a, b)) }
+    MultiSet#FromSeq(Seq#Append(a, b)) == MultiSet#Union(MultiSet#FromSeq(a), MultiSet#FromSeq(b)) );
+
+// update axiom
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, x: Box ::
+  { MultiSet#FromSeq(Seq#Update(s, i, v))[x] }
+    0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) ==>
+    MultiSet#FromSeq(Seq#Update(s, i, v))[x] ==
+      MultiSet#Union(MultiSet#Difference(MultiSet#FromSeq(s), MultiSet#Singleton(Seq#Index(s,i))), MultiSet#Singleton(v))[x] );
+  // i.e. MS(Update(s, i, v)) == MS(s) - {{s[i]}} + {{v}}
+axiom (forall s: Seq, x: Box :: { MultiSet#FromSeq(s)[x] }
+  (exists i : int :: { Seq#Index(s,i) } 0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) && x == Seq#Index(s,i)) <==> 0 < MultiSet#FromSeq(s)[x] );
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Axiomatization of sequences --------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "Sequences.bpl"
+
+// The empty sequence $Is any type
+//axiom (forall t: Ty :: {$Is(Seq#Empty(): Seq, TSeq(t))} $Is(Seq#Empty(): Seq, TSeq(t)));
+
+// Build preserves $Is
+axiom (forall s: Seq, bx: Box, t: Ty :: { $Is(Seq#Build(s, bx), TSeq(t)) }
+    $Is(s, TSeq(t)) && $IsBox(bx, t) ==> $Is(Seq#Build(s, bx), TSeq(t)));
+
+function Seq#Create(ty: Ty, heap: Heap, len: int, init: HandleType): Seq;
+axiom (forall ty: Ty, heap: Heap, len: int, init: HandleType ::
+  { Seq#Length(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init): Seq) }
+  $IsGoodHeap(heap) && 0 <= len ==>
+  Seq#Length(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init): Seq) == len);
+axiom (forall ty: Ty, heap: Heap, len: int, init: HandleType, i: int ::
+  { Seq#Index(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init), i) }
+  $IsGoodHeap(heap) && 0 <= i && i < len ==>
+  Seq#Index(Seq#Create(ty, heap, len, init), i) == Apply1(TInt, ty, heap, init, $Box(i)));
+
+function Seq#FromArray(h: Heap, a: ref): Seq;
+axiom (forall h: Heap, a: ref ::
+  { Seq#Length(Seq#FromArray(h,a)) }
+  Seq#Length(Seq#FromArray(h, a)) == _System.array.Length(a));
+axiom (forall h: Heap, a: ref ::
+  { Seq#FromArray(h, a) }
+  (forall i: int ::
+    // it's important to include both triggers, so that assertions about the
+    // the relation between the array and the sequence can be proved in either
+    // direction
+    { read(h, a, IndexField(i)) }
+    { Seq#Index(Seq#FromArray(h, a): Seq, i) }
+    0 <= i &&
+    i < Seq#Length(Seq#FromArray(h, a))  // this will trigger the previous axiom to get a connection with _System.array.Length(a)
+    ==>
+    Seq#Index(Seq#FromArray(h, a), i) == read(h, a, IndexField(i))));
+axiom (forall h0, h1: Heap, a: ref ::
+  { Seq#FromArray(h1, a), $HeapSucc(h0, h1) }
+  $IsGoodHeap(h0) && $IsGoodHeap(h1) && $HeapSucc(h0, h1) && h0[a] == h1[a]
+  ==>
+  Seq#FromArray(h0, a) == Seq#FromArray(h1, a));
+axiom (forall h: Heap, i: int, v: Box, a: ref ::
+  { Seq#FromArray(update(h, a, IndexField(i), v), a) }
+    0 <= i && i < _System.array.Length(a) ==> Seq#FromArray(update(h, a, IndexField(i), v), a) == Seq#Update(Seq#FromArray(h, a), i, v) );
+
+// Extension axiom, triggers only on Takes from arrays.
+axiom (forall h: Heap, a: ref, n0, n1: int ::
+        { Seq#Take(Seq#FromArray(h, a), n0), Seq#Take(Seq#FromArray(h, a), n1) }
+        n0 + 1 == n1 && 0 <= n0 && n1 <= _System.array.Length(a) ==> Seq#Take(Seq#FromArray(h, a), n1) == Seq#Build(Seq#Take(Seq#FromArray(h, a), n0), read(h, a, IndexField(n0): Field)) );
+
+function Seq#Rank(Seq): int;
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int ::
+        { DtRank($Unbox(Seq#Index(s, i)): DatatypeType) }
+        0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) ==> DtRank($Unbox(Seq#Index(s, i)): DatatypeType) < Seq#Rank(s) );
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int ::
+        { Seq#Rank(Seq#Drop(s, i)) }
+        0 < i && i <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Rank(Seq#Drop(s, i)) < Seq#Rank(s) );
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int ::
+        { Seq#Rank(Seq#Take(s, i)) }
+        0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Rank(Seq#Take(s, i)) < Seq#Rank(s) );
+axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, j: int ::
+        { Seq#Rank(Seq#Append(Seq#Take(s, i), Seq#Drop(s, j))) }
+        0 <= i && i < j && j <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Rank(Seq#Append(Seq#Take(s, i), Seq#Drop(s, j))) < Seq#Rank(s) );
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Axiomatization of Maps -------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type Map;
+
+// A Map is defined by three functions, Map#Domain, Map#Elements, and #Map#Card.
+
+function Map#Domain(Map) : Set;
+
+function Map#Elements(Map) : [Box]Box;
+
+function Map#Card(Map) : int;
+
+axiom (forall m: Map :: { Map#Card(m) } 0 <= Map#Card(m));
+
+axiom (forall m: Map ::
+  { Map#Card(m) }
+  Map#Card(m) == 0 <==> m == Map#Empty());
+
+axiom (forall m: Map ::
+  { Map#Domain(m) }
+  m == Map#Empty() || (exists k: Box :: Map#Domain(m)[k]));
+axiom (forall m: Map ::
+  { Map#Values(m) }
+  m == Map#Empty() || (exists v: Box :: Map#Values(m)[v]));
+axiom (forall m: Map ::
+  { Map#Items(m) }
+  m == Map#Empty() || (exists k, v: Box :: Map#Items(m)[$Box(#_System._tuple#2._#Make2(k, v))]));
+
+axiom (forall m: Map ::
+  { Set#Card(Map#Domain(m)) } { Map#Card(m) }
+  Set#Card(Map#Domain(m)) == Map#Card(m));
+axiom (forall m: Map ::
+  { Set#Card(Map#Values(m)) } { Map#Card(m) }
+  Set#Card(Map#Values(m)) <= Map#Card(m));
+axiom (forall m: Map ::
+  { Set#Card(Map#Items(m)) } { Map#Card(m) }
+  Set#Card(Map#Items(m)) == Map#Card(m));
+
+// The set of Values of a Map can be obtained by the function Map#Values, which is
+// defined as follows.  Remember, a Set is defined by membership (using Boogie's
+// square brackets) and Map#Card, so we need to define what these mean for the Set
+// returned by Map#Values.
+
+function Map#Values(Map) : Set;
+
+axiom (forall m: Map, v: Box :: { Map#Values(m)[v] }
+  Map#Values(m)[v] ==
+	(exists u: Box :: { Map#Domain(m)[u] } { Map#Elements(m)[u] }
+	  Map#Domain(m)[u] &&
+    v == Map#Elements(m)[u]));
+
+// The set of Items--that is, (key,value) pairs--of a Map can be obtained by the
+// function Map#Items.  Again, we need to define membership of Set#Card for this
+// set.  Everywhere else in this axiomatization, Map is parameterized by types U V,
+// even though Dafny only ever instantiates U V with Box Box.  This makes the
+// axiomatization more generic.  Function Map#Items, however, returns a set of
+// pairs, and the axiomatization of pairs is Dafny specific.  Therefore, the
+// definition of Map#Items here is to be considered Dafny specific.  Also, note
+// that it relies on the two destructors for 2-tuples.
+
+function Map#Items(Map) : Set;
+
+function #_System._tuple#2._#Make2(Box, Box) : DatatypeType;
+function _System.Tuple2._0(DatatypeType) : Box;
+function _System.Tuple2._1(DatatypeType) : Box;
+
+axiom (forall m: Map, item: Box :: { Map#Items(m)[item] }
+  Map#Items(m)[item] <==>
+    Map#Domain(m)[_System.Tuple2._0($Unbox(item))] &&
+    Map#Elements(m)[_System.Tuple2._0($Unbox(item))] == _System.Tuple2._1($Unbox(item)));
+
+// Here are the operations that produce Map values.
+
+function Map#Empty(): Map;
+axiom (forall u: Box ::
+        { Map#Domain(Map#Empty(): Map)[u] }
+        !Map#Domain(Map#Empty(): Map)[u]);
+
+function Map#Glue([Box]bool, [Box]Box, Ty): Map;
+axiom (forall a: [Box]bool, b: [Box]Box, t: Ty ::
+  { Map#Domain(Map#Glue(a, b, t)) }
+  Map#Domain(Map#Glue(a, b, t)) == a);
+axiom (forall a: [Box]bool, b: [Box]Box, t: Ty ::
+  { Map#Elements(Map#Glue(a, b, t)) }
+  Map#Elements(Map#Glue(a, b, t)) == b);
+axiom (forall a: [Box]bool, b: [Box]Box, t0, t1: Ty ::
+  { Map#Glue(a, b, TMap(t0, t1)) }
+  // In the following line, no trigger needed, since the quantifier only gets used in negative contexts
+  (forall bx: Box :: a[bx] ==> $IsBox(bx, t0) && $IsBox(b[bx], t1))
+  ==>
+  $Is(Map#Glue(a, b, TMap(t0, t1)), TMap(t0, t1)));
+
+
+//Build is used in displays, and for map updates
+function Map#Build(Map, Box, Box): Map;
+/*axiom (forall m: Map, u: Box, v: Box ::
+  { Map#Domain(Map#Build(m, u, v))[u] } { Map#Elements(Map#Build(m, u, v))[u] }
+  Map#Domain(Map#Build(m, u, v))[u] && Map#Elements(Map#Build(m, u, v))[u] == v);*/
+
+axiom (forall m: Map, u: Box, u': Box, v: Box ::
+  { Map#Domain(Map#Build(m, u, v))[u'] } { Map#Elements(Map#Build(m, u, v))[u'] }
+  (u' == u ==> Map#Domain(Map#Build(m, u, v))[u'] &&
+               Map#Elements(Map#Build(m, u, v))[u'] == v) &&
+  (u' != u ==> Map#Domain(Map#Build(m, u, v))[u'] == Map#Domain(m)[u'] &&
+               Map#Elements(Map#Build(m, u, v))[u'] == Map#Elements(m)[u']));
+axiom (forall m: Map, u: Box, v: Box :: { Map#Card(Map#Build(m, u, v)) }
+  Map#Domain(m)[u] ==> Map#Card(Map#Build(m, u, v)) == Map#Card(m));
+axiom (forall m: Map, u: Box, v: Box :: { Map#Card(Map#Build(m, u, v)) }
+  !Map#Domain(m)[u] ==> Map#Card(Map#Build(m, u, v)) == Map#Card(m) + 1);
+
+// Map operations
+function Map#Merge(Map, Map): Map;
+axiom (forall m: Map, n: Map ::
+  { Map#Domain(Map#Merge(m, n)) }
+  Map#Domain(Map#Merge(m, n)) == Set#Union(Map#Domain(m), Map#Domain(n)));
+axiom (forall m: Map, n: Map, u: Box ::
+  { Map#Elements(Map#Merge(m, n))[u] }
+  Map#Domain(Map#Merge(m, n))[u] ==>
+    (!Map#Domain(n)[u] ==> Map#Elements(Map#Merge(m, n))[u] == Map#Elements(m)[u]) &&
+    (Map#Domain(n)[u] ==> Map#Elements(Map#Merge(m, n))[u] == Map#Elements(n)[u]));
+
+function Map#Subtract(Map, Set): Map;
+axiom (forall m: Map, s: Set ::
+  { Map#Domain(Map#Subtract(m, s)) }
+  Map#Domain(Map#Subtract(m, s)) == Set#Difference(Map#Domain(m), s));
+axiom (forall m: Map, s: Set, u: Box ::
+  { Map#Elements(Map#Subtract(m, s))[u] }
+  Map#Domain(Map#Subtract(m, s))[u] ==>
+    Map#Elements(Map#Subtract(m, s))[u] == Map#Elements(m)[u]);
+
+//equality for maps
+function Map#Equal(Map, Map): bool;
+axiom (forall m: Map, m': Map::
+  { Map#Equal(m, m') }
+    Map#Equal(m, m') <==> (forall u : Box :: Map#Domain(m)[u] == Map#Domain(m')[u]) &&
+                          (forall u : Box :: Map#Domain(m)[u] ==> Map#Elements(m)[u] == Map#Elements(m')[u]));
+// extensionality
+axiom (forall m: Map, m': Map::
+  { Map#Equal(m, m') }
+    Map#Equal(m, m') ==> m == m');
+
+function Map#Disjoint(Map, Map): bool;
+axiom (forall m: Map, m': Map ::
+  { Map#Disjoint(m, m') }
+    Map#Disjoint(m, m') <==> (forall o: Box :: {Map#Domain(m)[o]} {Map#Domain(m')[o]} !Map#Domain(m)[o] || !Map#Domain(m')[o]));
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Axiomatization of IMaps ------------------------------------
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type IMap;
+
+// A IMap is defined by two functions, Map#Domain and Map#Elements.
+
+function IMap#Domain(IMap) : Set;
+
+function IMap#Elements(IMap) : [Box]Box;
+
+axiom (forall m: IMap ::
+  { IMap#Domain(m) }
+  m == IMap#Empty() || (exists k: Box :: IMap#Domain(m)[k]));
+axiom (forall m: IMap ::
+  { IMap#Values(m) }
+  m == IMap#Empty() || (exists v: Box :: IMap#Values(m)[v]));
+axiom (forall m: IMap ::
+  { IMap#Items(m) }
+  m == IMap#Empty() || (exists k, v: Box :: IMap#Items(m)[$Box(#_System._tuple#2._#Make2(k, v))]));
+
+axiom (forall m: IMap ::
+  { IMap#Domain(m) }
+  m == IMap#Empty() <==> IMap#Domain(m) == ISet#Empty());
+axiom (forall m: IMap ::
+  { IMap#Values(m) }
+  m == IMap#Empty() <==> IMap#Values(m) == ISet#Empty());
+axiom (forall m: IMap ::
+  { IMap#Items(m) }
+  m == IMap#Empty() <==> IMap#Items(m) == ISet#Empty());
+
+// The set of Values of a IMap can be obtained by the function IMap#Values, which is
+// defined as follows.  Remember, a ISet is defined by membership (using Boogie's
+// square brackets) so we need to define what these mean for the Set
+// returned by Map#Values.
+
+function IMap#Values(IMap) : Set;
+
+axiom (forall m: IMap, v: Box :: { IMap#Values(m)[v] }
+  IMap#Values(m)[v] ==
+	(exists u: Box :: { IMap#Domain(m)[u] } { IMap#Elements(m)[u] }
+	  IMap#Domain(m)[u] &&
+    v == IMap#Elements(m)[u]));
+
+// The set of Items--that is, (key,value) pairs--of a Map can be obtained by the
+// function IMap#Items.
+// Everywhere else in this axiomatization, IMap is parameterized by types U V,
+// even though Dafny only ever instantiates U V with Box Box.  This makes the
+// axiomatization more generic.  Function IMap#Items, however, returns a set of
+// pairs, and the axiomatization of pairs is Dafny specific.  Therefore, the
+// definition of IMap#Items here is to be considered Dafny specific.  Also, note
+// that it relies on the two destructors for 2-tuples.
+
+function IMap#Items(IMap) : Set;
+
+axiom (forall m: IMap, item: Box :: { IMap#Items(m)[item] }
+  IMap#Items(m)[item] <==>
+    IMap#Domain(m)[_System.Tuple2._0($Unbox(item))] &&
+    IMap#Elements(m)[_System.Tuple2._0($Unbox(item))] == _System.Tuple2._1($Unbox(item)));
+
+// Here are the operations that produce Map values.
+function IMap#Empty(): IMap;
+axiom (forall u: Box ::
+        { IMap#Domain(IMap#Empty(): IMap)[u] }
+        !IMap#Domain(IMap#Empty(): IMap)[u]);
+
+function IMap#Glue([Box] bool, [Box]Box, Ty): IMap;
+axiom (forall a: [Box]bool, b: [Box]Box, t: Ty ::
+  { IMap#Domain(IMap#Glue(a, b, t)) }
+  IMap#Domain(IMap#Glue(a, b, t)) == a);
+axiom (forall a: [Box]bool, b: [Box]Box, t: Ty ::
+  { IMap#Elements(IMap#Glue(a, b, t)) }
+  IMap#Elements(IMap#Glue(a, b, t)) == b);
+axiom (forall a: [Box]bool, b: [Box]Box, t0, t1: Ty ::
+  { IMap#Glue(a, b, TIMap(t0, t1)) }
+  // In the following line, no trigger needed, since the quantifier only gets used in negative contexts
+  (forall bx: Box :: a[bx] ==> $IsBox(bx, t0) && $IsBox(b[bx], t1))
+  ==>
+  $Is(Map#Glue(a, b, TIMap(t0, t1)), TIMap(t0, t1)));
+
+//Build is used in displays
+function IMap#Build(IMap, Box, Box): IMap;
+/*axiom (forall m: IMap, u: Box, v: Box ::
+  { IMap#Domain(IMap#Build(m, u, v))[u] } { IMap#Elements(IMap#Build(m, u, v))[u] }
+  IMap#Domain(IMap#Build(m, u, v))[u] && IMap#Elements(IMap#Build(m, u, v))[u] == v);*/
+
+axiom (forall m: IMap, u: Box, u': Box, v: Box ::
+  { IMap#Domain(IMap#Build(m, u, v))[u'] } { IMap#Elements(IMap#Build(m, u, v))[u'] }
+  (u' == u ==> IMap#Domain(IMap#Build(m, u, v))[u'] &&
+               IMap#Elements(IMap#Build(m, u, v))[u'] == v) &&
+  (u' != u ==> IMap#Domain(IMap#Build(m, u, v))[u'] == IMap#Domain(m)[u'] &&
+               IMap#Elements(IMap#Build(m, u, v))[u'] == IMap#Elements(m)[u']));
+
+//equality for imaps
+function IMap#Equal(IMap, IMap): bool;
+axiom (forall m: IMap, m': IMap::
+  { IMap#Equal(m, m') }
+    IMap#Equal(m, m') <==> (forall u : Box :: IMap#Domain(m)[u] == IMap#Domain(m')[u]) &&
+                          (forall u : Box :: IMap#Domain(m)[u] ==> IMap#Elements(m)[u] == IMap#Elements(m')[u]));
+// extensionality
+axiom (forall m: IMap, m': IMap::
+  { IMap#Equal(m, m') }
+    IMap#Equal(m, m') ==> m == m');
+
+// IMap operations
+function IMap#Merge(IMap, IMap): IMap;
+axiom (forall m: IMap, n: IMap ::
+  { IMap#Domain(IMap#Merge(m, n)) }
+  IMap#Domain(IMap#Merge(m, n)) == Set#Union(IMap#Domain(m), IMap#Domain(n)));
+axiom (forall m: IMap, n: IMap, u: Box ::
+  { IMap#Elements(IMap#Merge(m, n))[u] }
+  IMap#Domain(IMap#Merge(m, n))[u] ==>
+    (!IMap#Domain(n)[u] ==> IMap#Elements(IMap#Merge(m, n))[u] == IMap#Elements(m)[u]) &&
+    (IMap#Domain(n)[u] ==> IMap#Elements(IMap#Merge(m, n))[u] == IMap#Elements(n)[u]));
+
+function IMap#Subtract(IMap, Set): IMap;
+axiom (forall m: IMap, s: Set ::
+  { IMap#Domain(IMap#Subtract(m, s)) }
+  IMap#Domain(IMap#Subtract(m, s)) == Set#Difference(IMap#Domain(m), s));
+axiom (forall m: IMap, s: Set, u: Box ::
+  { IMap#Elements(IMap#Subtract(m, s))[u] }
+  IMap#Domain(IMap#Subtract(m, s))[u] ==>
+    IMap#Elements(IMap#Subtract(m, s))[u] == IMap#Elements(m)[u]);
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// -- Provide arithmetic wrappers to improve triggering and non-linear math
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function INTERNAL_add_boogie(x:int, y:int) : int { x + y }
+function INTERNAL_sub_boogie(x:int, y:int) : int { x - y }
+function INTERNAL_mul_boogie(x:int, y:int) : int { x * y }
+function INTERNAL_div_boogie(x:int, y:int) : int { x div y }
+function INTERNAL_mod_boogie(x:int, y:int) : int { x mod y }
+function {:never_pattern true} INTERNAL_lt_boogie(x:int, y:int) : bool { x < y }
+function {:never_pattern true} INTERNAL_le_boogie(x:int, y:int) : bool { x <= y }
+function {:never_pattern true} INTERNAL_gt_boogie(x:int, y:int) : bool { x > y }
+function {:never_pattern true} INTERNAL_ge_boogie(x:int, y:int) : bool { x >= y }
+
+function Mul(x, y: int): int { x * y }
+function Div(x, y: int): int { x div y }
+function Mod(x, y: int): int { x mod y }
+function Add(x, y: int): int { x + y }
+function Sub(x, y: int): int { x - y }
+
+#if ARITH_DISTR
+axiom (forall x, y, z: int ::
+  { Mul(Add(x, y), z) }
+  Mul(Add(x, y), z) == Add(Mul(x, z), Mul(y, z)));
+axiom (forall x,y,z: int ::
+  { Mul(x, Add(y, z)) }
+  Mul(x, Add(y, z)) == Add(Mul(x, y), Mul(x, z)));
+//axiom (forall x, y, z: int ::
+//  { Mul(Sub(x, y), z) }
+//  Mul(Sub(x, y), z) == Sub(Mul(x, z), Mul(y, z)));
+#endif
+#if ARITH_MUL_DIV_MOD
+axiom (forall x, y: int ::
+  { Div(x, y), Mod(x, y) }
+  { Mul(Div(x, y), y) }
+  y != 0 ==>
+  Mul(Div(x, y), y) + Mod(x, y) == x);
+#endif
+#if ARITH_MUL_SIGN
+axiom (forall x, y: int ::
+  { Mul(x, y) }
+  ((0 <= x && 0 <= y) || (x <= 0 && y <= 0) ==> 0 <= Mul(x, y)));
+#endif
+#if ARITH_MUL_COMM
+axiom (forall x, y: int ::
+  { Mul(x, y) }
+  Mul(x, y) == Mul(y, x));
+#endif
+#if ARITH_MUL_ASSOC
+axiom (forall x, y, z: int ::
+  { Mul(x, Mul(y, z)) }
+  Mul(y, z) != z && Mul(y, z) != y ==> Mul(x, Mul(y, z)) == Mul(Mul(x, y), z));
+#endif
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Sequences.dfy b/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Sequences.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d4ea7c2e86e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Prelude/Sequences.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,796 @@
+module {:extract_boogie} Sequences {
+  export
+    provides Lists, Boxes
+    provides Seq, Length, AboutLength
+    provides Empty, LengthEmpty0, LengthEmpty1
+    provides Index, Append, IndexAppend
+    provides Build, BuildInv0, BuildInv1, BuildInjective, LengthBuild
+    provides Update, IndexUpdate, LengthUpdate
+    provides Contains, SeqContainsItsElements, EmptyContainsNothing, AppendContains, BuildContains
+    provides Equal, AboutEqual, Extensionality
+    provides SameUntil, AboutSameUntil
+    provides Take, LengthTake, IndexTake
+    provides Drop, LengthDrop, IndexDrop0, IndexDrop1
+    provides TakeContains, DropContains, AppendTakeDrop
+    provides DropNothing, TakeNothing, DropDrop
+    provides TakeUpdate0, TakeUpdate1, DropUpdate0, DropUpdate1, DropBuild
+
+  import opened Lists
+  import opened Boxes
+
+  // boogie: type Seq;
+  type {:extract_boogie_name "Seq"} Seq = List<Box>
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Length(Seq): int;
+  function {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Length"} Length(s: Seq): int {
+    s.Length()
+  }
+
+  // boogie: axiom (forall s: Seq :: { Seq#Length(s) } 0 <= Seq#Length(s));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Length(s)} AboutLength(s: Seq)
+    ensures 0 <= Length(s)
+  {
+  }
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Empty(): Seq;
+  function {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Empty"} Empty(): Seq {
+    Nil
+  }
+
+  // boogie: axiom Seq#Length(Seq#Empty()) == 0;
+  lemma {:extract_used_by Empty} LengthEmpty0()
+    ensures Length(Empty()) == 0
+  {
+  }
+
+  // boogie axiom (forall s: Seq :: { Seq#Length(s) } Seq#Length(s) == 0 ==> s == Seq#Empty());
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Length(s)} LengthEmpty1(s: Seq)
+    requires Length(s) == 0
+    ensures s == Empty()
+  {
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // The following would be a nice fact to include, because it would enable verifying the
+  // GenericPick.SeqPick* methods in Test/dafny0/SmallTests.dfy.  However, it substantially
+  // slows down performance on some other tests, including running seemingly forever on
+  // some.
+  //  axiom (forall s: Seq :: { Seq#Length(s) }
+  //    Seq#Length(s) != 0 ==> (exists x: Box :: Seq#Contains(s, x)));
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Build(s: Seq, val: Box): Seq;
+  function {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Build"} Build(s: Seq, val: Box): Seq {
+    s.Append(Cons(val, Nil))
+  }
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Build_inv0(s: Seq) : Seq;
+  function {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Build_inv0"} BuildInv0(s: Seq): Seq {
+    if s.Nil? then Nil else s.Take(s.Length() - 1)
+  }
+  // boogie: function Seq#Build_inv1(s: Seq) : Box;
+  function {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Build_inv1"} BuildInv1(s: Seq): Box {
+    if s.Nil? then
+      Boxes.arbitrary
+    else
+      s.AboutDrop(s.Length() - 1);
+      s.Drop(s.Length() - 1).head
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, val: Box ::
+  //   { Seq#Build(s, val) }
+  //   Seq#Build_inv0(Seq#Build(s, val)) == s &&
+  //   Seq#Build_inv1(Seq#Build(s, val)) == val);
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Build(s, val)} BuildInjective(s: Seq, val: Box)
+    ensures BuildInv0(Build(s, val)) == s
+    ensures BuildInv1(Build(s, val)) == val
+  {
+    var b := Build(s, val);
+    var valList := Cons(val, Nil);
+    assert b == s.Append(valList) != Nil;
+    assert L: b.Length() == s.Length() + 1 by {
+      s.LengthAppend(valList);
+    }
+
+    calc {
+      BuildInv0(b);
+      s.Append(valList).Take(b.Length() - 1);
+      { reveal L; }
+      s.Append(valList).Take(s.Length());
+      { s.AppendTake(valList); }
+      s;
+    }
+
+    calc {
+      BuildInv1(b);
+      { b.AboutDrop(b.Length() - 1); }
+      b.Drop(b.Length() - 1).head;
+      { reveal L; }
+      s.Append(valList).Drop(s.Length()).head;
+      { s.AppendDrop(valList); }
+      valList.head;
+      val;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, v: Box ::
+  //   { Seq#Build(s,v) }
+  //   Seq#Length(Seq#Build(s,v)) == 1 + Seq#Length(s));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Build(s, v)} LengthBuild(s: Seq, v: Box)
+    ensures Length(Build(s, v)) == 1 + Length(s)
+  {
+    var valList := Cons(v, Nil);
+    assert valList.Length() == 1;
+    s.LengthAppend(valList);
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box :: { Seq#Index(Seq#Build(s,v), i) }
+  //   (i == Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Build(s,v), i) == v) &&
+  //   (i != Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Build(s,v), i) == Seq#Index(s, i)));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Index(Build(s, v), i)} IndexBuild(s: Seq, i: int, v: Box)
+    ensures i == Length(s) ==> Index(Build(s, v), i) == v
+    ensures i != Length(s) ==> Index(Build(s, v), i) == Index(s, i)
+  {
+    var b := Build(s, v);
+    var valList := Cons(v, Nil);
+    assert b == s.Append(valList) != Nil;
+    assert b.Length() == s.Length() + 1 by {
+      s.LengthAppend(valList);
+    }
+
+    if 0 <= i < b.Length() {
+      calc {
+        Index(Build(s, v), i);
+        Index(s.Append(valList), i);
+        s.Append(valList).At(i);
+        { s.AppendAt(valList, i); }
+        if i < Length(s) then s.At(i) else valList.At(0);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq :: { Seq#Length(Seq#Append(s0,s1)) }
+  //   Seq#Length(Seq#Append(s0,s1)) == Seq#Length(s0) + Seq#Length(s1));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Length(Append(s0, s1))} LengthAppend(s0: Seq, s1: Seq)
+    ensures Length(Append(s0, s1)) == Length(s0) + Length(s1)
+  {
+    s0.LengthAppend(s1);
+  }
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Index(Seq, int): Box;
+  function {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Index"} Index(s: Seq, i: int): Box {
+    if 0 <= i < Length(s) then
+      s.At(i)
+    else
+      Boxes.arbitrary
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Index(Seq#Append(s0,s1), n) }
+  //   (n < Seq#Length(s0) ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Append(s0,s1), n) == Seq#Index(s0, n)) &&
+  //   (Seq#Length(s0) <= n ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Append(s0,s1), n) == Seq#Index(s1, n - Seq#Length(s0))));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Index(Append(s0, s1), n)} IndexAppend(s0: Seq, s1: Seq, n: int)
+    ensures n < Length(s0) ==> Index(Append(s0, s1), n) == Index(s0, n)
+    ensures Length(s0) <= n ==> Index(Append(s0, s1), n) == Index(s1, n - Length(s0))
+  {
+    if
+    case n < 0 =>
+
+    case 0 <= n < Length(s0) =>
+      if n == 0 {
+        calc {
+          Index(Append(s0, s1), 0);
+          Index(Cons(s0.head, Append(s0.tail, s1)), 0);
+          s0.head;
+          Index(Cons(s0.head, s0.tail), 0);
+          Index(s0, 0);
+        }
+      } else {
+        calc {
+          Index(Append(s0, s1), n);
+          // def. Append
+          Index(Cons(s0.head, Append(s0.tail, s1)), n);
+          // def. Index
+          Index(Append(s0.tail, s1), n - 1);
+          { IndexAppend(s0.tail, s1, n - 1); }
+          Index(s0.tail, n - 1);
+          // def. Index
+          Index(Cons(s0.head, s0.tail), n);
+          Index(s0, n);
+        }
+      }
+
+    case Length(s0) <= n =>
+      match s0
+      case Nil =>
+        calc {
+          Index(Append(s0, s1), n);
+          // def. Append
+          Index(s1, n);
+          // def. Length
+          Index(s1, n - Length(s0));
+        }
+      case Cons(x, tail) =>
+        calc {
+          Index(Append(s0, s1), n);
+          // def. Append
+          Index(Cons(s0.head, Append(s0.tail, s1)), n);
+          // def. Index
+          Index(Append(s0.tail, s1), n - 1);
+          { IndexAppend(s0.tail, s1, n - 1); }
+          Index(s1, n - 1 - Length(s0.tail));
+          // def. Length
+          Index(s1, n - Length(s0));
+        }
+  }
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Update(Seq, int, Box): Seq;
+  function {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Update"} Update(s: Seq, i: int, val: Box): Seq {
+    if !(0 <= i < s.Length()) then
+      s
+    else if i == 0 then
+      Cons(val, s.tail)
+    else
+      Cons(s.head, Update(s.tail, i - 1, val))
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box :: { Seq#Length(Seq#Update(s,i,v)) }
+  //   0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Length(Seq#Update(s,i,v)) == Seq#Length(s));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Length(Update(s, i, v))} LengthUpdate(s: Seq, i: int, v: Box)
+    requires 0 <= i < Length(s)
+    ensures Length(Update(s, i, v)) == Length(s)
+  {
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int :: { Seq#Index(Seq#Update(s,i,v),n) }
+  //   0 <= n && n < Seq#Length(s) ==>
+  //     (i == n ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Update(s,i,v),n) == v) &&
+  //     (i != n ==> Seq#Index(Seq#Update(s,i,v),n) == Seq#Index(s,n)));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Index(Update(s, i, v), n)} IndexUpdate(s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int)
+    requires 0 <= n < Length(s)
+    ensures i == n ==> Index(Update(s, i, v), n) == v
+    ensures i != n ==> Index(Update(s, i, v), n) == Index(s, n)
+  {
+    if 0 == i < s.Length() {
+      calc {
+        Index(Update(s, i, v), n);
+        { LengthUpdate(s, i, v); }
+        Update(s, i, v).At(n);
+        Cons(v, s.tail).At(n);
+      }
+
+    } else if 0 < i < s.Length() {
+      LengthUpdate(s, i, v);
+      calc {
+        Index(Update(s, i, v), n);
+        Update(s, i, v).At(n);
+        Cons(s.head, Update(s.tail, i - 1, v)).At(n);
+      }
+      if n == 0 {
+        calc {
+          Cons(s.head, Update(s.tail, i - 1, v)).At(n);
+          s.head;
+          Cons(s.head, s.tail).At(n);
+          s.At(n);
+          Index(s, n);
+        }
+      } else {
+        calc {
+          Cons(s.head, Update(s.tail, i - 1, v)).At(n);
+          Update(s.tail, i - 1, v).At(n - 1);
+          { IndexUpdate(s.tail, i - 1, v, n - 1); }
+          if i == n then v else Index(s.tail, n - 1);
+          if i == n then v else Index(s, n);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Append(Seq, Seq): Seq;
+  function {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Append"} Append(s0: Seq, s1: Seq): Seq {
+    s0.Append(s1)
+  }
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Contains(Seq, Box): bool;
+  predicate {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Contains"} Contains(s: Seq, val: Box) {
+    exists i :: 0 <= i < Length(s) && Index(s, i) == val
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, x: Box :: { Seq#Contains(s,x) }
+  //   Seq#Contains(s,x) <==>
+  //     (exists i: int :: { Seq#Index(s,i) } 0 <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) && Seq#Index(s,i) == x));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Contains(s, x)} SeqContainsItsElements(s: Seq, x: Box)
+    ensures Contains(s, x) <==>
+            exists i: int {:extract_pattern Index(s, i)} :: 0 <= i < Length(s) && Index(s, i) == x
+  {
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall x: Box ::
+  //   { Seq#Contains(Seq#Empty(), x) }
+  //   !Seq#Contains(Seq#Empty(), x));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Contains(Empty(), x)} EmptyContainsNothing(x: Box)
+    ensures !Contains(Empty(), x)
+  {
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq, x: Box ::
+  //   { Seq#Contains(Seq#Append(s0, s1), x) }
+  //   Seq#Contains(Seq#Append(s0, s1), x) <==>
+  //     Seq#Contains(s0, x) || Seq#Contains(s1, x));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Contains(Append(s0, s1), x)} AppendContains(s0: Seq, s1: Seq, x: Box)
+    ensures Contains(Append(s0, s1), x) <==> Contains(s0, x) || Contains(s1, x)
+  {
+    var a := Append(s0, s1);
+    s0.LengthAppend(s1);
+
+    if Contains(a, x) {
+      var i :| 0 <= i < Length(a) && Index(a, i) == x;
+      assert a.At(i) == if i < s0.Length() then s0.At(i) else s1.At(i - s0.Length()) by {
+        s0.AppendAt(s1, i);
+      }
+
+      if i < s0.Length() {
+        assert Contains(s0, x) by {
+          assert 0 <= i < Length(s0) && Index(s0, i) == x;
+        }
+      } else {
+        var j := i - s0.Length();
+        assert Contains(s1, x) by {
+          assert x == Index(s1, j);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if Contains(s0, x) {
+      var i :| 0 <= i < Length(s0) && Index(s0, i) == x;
+      assert Contains(a, x) by {
+        assert Index(a, i) == x by {
+          s0.AppendAt(s1, i);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if Contains(s1, x) {
+      var j :| 0 <= j < Length(s1) && Index(s1, j) == x;
+      var i := s0.Length() + j;
+      assert Contains(a, x) by {
+        assert Index(a, i) == x by {
+          s0.AppendAt(s1, i);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // needed to prove things like '4 in [2,3,4]', see method TestSequences0 in SmallTests.dfy
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, v: Box, x: Box ::
+  //   { Seq#Contains(Seq#Build(s, v), x) }
+  //   Seq#Contains(Seq#Build(s, v), x) <==> (v == x || Seq#Contains(s, x)));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Contains(Build(s, v), x)} BuildContains(s: Seq, v: Box, x: Box)
+    ensures Contains(Build(s, v), x) <==> v == x || Contains(s, x)
+  {
+    var valList := Cons(v, Nil);
+    var b := s.Append(valList);
+    assert b == Build(s, v);
+
+    assert Ping: v == x ==> Contains(valList, x) by {
+      assert Index(valList, 0) == v;
+    }
+    assert Pong: Contains(valList, x) ==> v == x by {
+      if Contains(valList, x) {
+        var i :| 0 <= i < valList.Length() && Index(valList, i) == x;
+        assert valList.Length() == 1;
+      }
+    }
+
+    calc {
+      Contains(b, x);
+      { AppendContains(s, valList, x); }
+      Contains(s, x) || Contains(valList, x);
+      { reveal Ping, Pong; }
+      v == x || Contains(s, x);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int, x: Box ::
+  //   { Seq#Contains(Seq#Take(s, n), x) }
+  //   Seq#Contains(Seq#Take(s, n), x) <==>
+  //     (exists i: int :: { Seq#Index(s, i) }
+  //       0 <= i && i < n && i < Seq#Length(s) && Seq#Index(s, i) == x));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Contains(Take(s, n), x)} TakeContains(s: Seq, n: int, x: Box)
+    ensures Contains(Take(s, n), x) <==>
+            exists i: int {:extract_pattern Index(s, i)} :: 0 <= i < n && i < Length(s) && Index(s, i) == x
+  {
+    if
+    case n < 0 =>
+      calc {
+        Contains(Take(s, n), x);
+        { assert Take(s, n) == Empty(); }
+        Contains(Empty(), x);
+        false;
+        exists i :: 0 <= i < n && i < Length(s) && Index(s, i) == x;
+      }
+
+    case 0 <= n <= s.Length() =>
+      var (prefix, suffix) := s.Split(n);
+      var t := s.Take(n);
+      assert t == prefix;
+      assert t.Length() == n by {
+        s.LengthTakeDrop(n);
+      }
+      assert L: forall i :: 0 <= i < Length(t) ==> Index(t, i) == Index(s, i) by {
+        forall i | 0 <= i < Length(t)
+          ensures Index(t, i) == Index(s, i)
+        {
+          prefix.AppendAt(suffix, i);
+        }
+      }
+
+      calc {
+        Contains(t, x);
+        exists i :: 0 <= i < Length(t) && Index(t, i) == x;
+        { reveal L; }
+        exists i :: 0 <= i < n && i < Length(s) && Index(s, i) == x;
+      }
+
+    case s.Length() < n =>
+      calc {
+        Contains(Take(s, n), x);
+        Contains(s, x);
+        exists i :: 0 <= i < Length(s) && Index(s, i) == x;
+        { assert Length(s) < n; }
+        exists i :: 0 <= i < n && i < Length(s) && Index(s, i) == x;
+      }
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int, x: Box ::
+  //   { Seq#Contains(Seq#Drop(s, n), x) }
+  //   Seq#Contains(Seq#Drop(s, n), x) <==>
+  //     (exists i: int :: { Seq#Index(s, i) }
+  //       0 <= n && n <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) && Seq#Index(s, i) == x));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Contains(Drop(s, n), x)} DropContains(s: Seq, n: int, x: Box)
+    ensures Contains(Drop(s, n), x) <==>
+            exists i: int {:extract_pattern Index(s, i)} :: 0 <= n <= i < Length(s) && Index(s, i) == x
+  {
+    if 0 <= n <= s.Length() {
+      var (prefix, suffix) := s.Split(n);
+      var t := s.Take(n);
+      assert t == prefix;
+      assert t.Length() == n by {
+        s.LengthTakeDrop(n);
+      }
+      assert L: forall i :: 0 <= i < Length(suffix) ==> Index(suffix, i) == Index(s, n + i) by {
+        forall i | 0 <= i < Length(suffix) {
+          calc {
+            Index(s, n + i);
+            { prefix.LengthAppend(suffix); }
+            s.At(n + i);
+            { prefix.AppendAt(suffix, n + i); }
+            suffix.At(i);
+            Index(suffix, i);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if Contains(Drop(s, n), x) {
+        var j :| 0 <= j < Length(suffix) && Index(suffix, j) == x;
+        var i := n + j;
+        assert 0 <= n <= i < Length(s) by {
+          prefix.LengthAppend(suffix);
+        }
+        assert Index(s, i) == x by {
+          reveal L;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if i :| 0 <= n <= i < Length(s) && Index(s, i) == x {
+        var j := i - n;
+        assert 0 <= j < Length(suffix) by {
+          prefix.LengthAppend(suffix);
+        }
+        assert Index(suffix, j) == x by {
+          reveal L;
+        }
+      }
+
+    } else {
+      calc {
+        Contains(Drop(s, n), x);
+        Contains(Empty(), x);
+        false;
+        exists i :: 0 <= n <= i < Length(s) && Index(s, i) == x;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Equal(Seq, Seq): bool;
+  predicate {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Equal"} Equal(s0: Seq, s1: Seq) {
+    s0 == s1
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq :: { Seq#Equal(s0,s1) }
+  //   Seq#Equal(s0,s1) <==>
+  //     Seq#Length(s0) == Seq#Length(s1) &&
+  //     (forall j: int :: { Seq#Index(s0,j) } { Seq#Index(s1,j) }
+  //         0 <= j && j < Seq#Length(s0) ==> Seq#Index(s0,j) == Seq#Index(s1,j)));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Equal(s0, s1)} AboutEqual(s0: Seq, s1: Seq)
+    ensures Equal(s0, s1) <==>
+            && Length(s0) == Length(s1)
+            && forall j: int {:extract_pattern Index(s0, j)} {:extract_pattern Index(s1, j)} ::
+                 0 <= j < Length(s0) ==> Index(s0, j) == Index(s1, j)
+  {
+    if Length(s0) == Length(s1) && forall j :: 0 <= j < Length(s0) ==> Index(s0, j) == Index(s1, j) {
+      assert forall s, i :: 0 <= i < Length(s) ==> Index(s, i) == s.At(i);
+      DatatypeEquality(s0, s1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  lemma DatatypeEquality(s0: Seq, s1: Seq)
+    requires s0.Length() == s1.Length()
+    requires forall j :: 0 <= j < s0.Length() ==> s0.At(j) == s1.At(j)
+    ensures s0 == s1
+  {
+    if s0.Length() != 0 {
+      assert s0.head == s1.head by {
+        assert s0.head == s0.At(0) && s1.head == s1.At(0);
+      }
+      var t0, t1 := s0.tail, s1.tail;
+      assert t0.Length() == t1.Length();
+      assert forall i :: 0 <= i < t0.Length() ==> t0.At(i) == s0.At(i + 1);
+      assert forall i :: 0 <= i < t0.Length() ==> t0.At(i) == t1.At(i);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // extensionality axiom for sequences
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall a: Seq, b: Seq :: { Seq#Equal(a,b) }
+  //   Seq#Equal(a,b) ==> a == b);
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Equal(a, b)} Extensionality(a: Seq, b: Seq)
+    requires Equal(a, b)
+    ensures a == b
+  {
+  }
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#SameUntil(Seq, Seq, int): bool;
+  predicate {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#SameUntil"} SameUntil(s0: Seq, s1: Seq, n: int) {
+    forall j :: 0 <= j < n ==> Index(s0, j) == Index(s1, j)
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s0: Seq, s1: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#SameUntil(s0,s1,n) }
+  //   Seq#SameUntil(s0,s1,n) <==>
+  //     (forall j: int :: { Seq#Index(s0,j) } { Seq#Index(s1,j) }
+  //         0 <= j && j < n ==> Seq#Index(s0,j) == Seq#Index(s1,j)));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern SameUntil(s0, s1, n)} AboutSameUntil(s0: Seq, s1: Seq, n: int)
+    ensures SameUntil(s0, s1, n) <==>
+            forall j: int {:extract_pattern Index(s0, j)} {:extract_pattern Index(s1, j)} ::
+              0 <= j < n ==> Index(s0, j) == Index(s1, j)
+  {
+  }
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Take(s: Seq, howMany: int): Seq;
+  function {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Take"} Take(s: Seq, howMany: int): Seq {
+    if howMany < 0 then
+      Empty()
+    else if howMany <= s.Length() then
+      s.Take(howMany)
+    else
+      s
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Length(Seq#Take(s,n)) }
+  //   0 <= n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Length(Seq#Take(s,n)) == n);
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Length(Take(s, n))} LengthTake(s: Seq, n: int)
+    requires 0 <= n <= Length(s)
+    ensures Length(Take(s, n)) == n
+  {
+    s.LengthTakeDrop(n);
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int, j: int ::
+  //   {:weight 25}
+  //   { Seq#Index(Seq#Take(s,n), j) }
+  //   { Seq#Index(s, j), Seq#Take(s,n) }
+  //   0 <= j && j < n && j < Seq#Length(s) ==>
+  //     Seq#Index(Seq#Take(s,n), j) == Seq#Index(s, j));
+  lemma {:extract_attribute "weight", 25} {:extract_pattern Index(Take(s, n), j)} {:extract_pattern Index(s, j), Take(s, n)}
+  IndexTake(s: Seq, n: int, j: int)
+    requires 0 <= j < n && j < Length(s)
+    ensures Index(Take(s, n), j) == Index(s, j)
+  {
+    if j != 0 && n <= s.Length() {
+      IndexTake(s.tail, n - 1, j - 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // boogie: function Seq#Drop(s: Seq, howMany: int): Seq;
+  function {:extract_boogie_name "Seq#Drop"} Drop(s: Seq, howMany: int): Seq {
+    if 0 <= howMany <= s.Length() then
+      s.Drop(howMany)
+    else
+      Empty()
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Length(Seq#Drop(s,n)) }
+  //   0 <= n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Length(Seq#Drop(s,n)) == Seq#Length(s) - n);
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Length(Drop(s, n))} LengthDrop(s: Seq, n: int)
+    requires 0 <= n <= Length(s)
+    ensures Length(Drop(s, n)) == Length(s) - n
+  {
+    s.LengthTakeDrop(n);
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int, j: int ::
+  //   {:weight 25}
+  //   { Seq#Index(Seq#Drop(s,n), j) }
+  //   0 <= n && 0 <= j && j < Seq#Length(s)-n ==>
+  //     Seq#Index(Seq#Drop(s,n), j) == Seq#Index(s, j+n));
+  lemma {:extract_attribute "weight", 25} {:extract_pattern Index(Drop(s, n), j)} IndexDrop0(s: Seq, n: int, j: int)
+    requires 0 <= n && 0 <= j < Length(s) - n
+    ensures Index(Drop(s, n), j) == Index(s, j + n)
+  {
+    IndexDrop1(s, n, j + n);
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int, k: int ::
+  //   {:weight 25}
+  //   { Seq#Index(s, k), Seq#Drop(s,n) }
+  //   0 <= n && n <= k && k < Seq#Length(s) ==>
+  //     Seq#Index(Seq#Drop(s,n), k-n) == Seq#Index(s, k));
+  lemma {:extract_attribute "weight", 25} {:extract_pattern Index(s, k), Drop(s, n)} IndexDrop1(s: Seq, n: int, k: int)
+    requires 0 <= n <= k < Length(s)
+    ensures Index(Drop(s, n), k - n) == Index(s, k)
+  {
+    if n != 0 {
+      IndexDrop1(s.tail, n - 1, k - 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s, t: Seq, n: int ::
+  //   { Seq#Take(Seq#Append(s, t), n) }
+  //   { Seq#Drop(Seq#Append(s, t), n) }
+  //   n == Seq#Length(s)
+  //   ==>
+  //   Seq#Take(Seq#Append(s, t), n) == s &&
+  //   Seq#Drop(Seq#Append(s, t), n) == t);
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Take(Append(s, t), n)} {:extract_pattern Drop(Append(s, t), n)} AppendTakeDrop(s: Seq, t: Seq, n: int)
+    requires n == Length(s)
+    ensures Take(Append(s, t), n) == s
+    ensures Drop(Append(s, t), n) == t
+  {
+    var a := Append(s, t);
+    assert 0 <= n <= Length(a) by {
+      s.LengthAppend(t);
+    }
+    s.AppendTake(t);
+    s.AppendDrop(t);
+  }
+
+  // Commutativity of Take and Drop with Update.
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
+  //         { Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
+  //         0 <= i && i < n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Update(Seq#Take(s, n), i, v) );
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Take(Update(s, i, v), n)} TakeUpdate0(s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int)
+    requires 0 <= i < n <= Length(s)
+    ensures Take(Update(s, i, v), n) == Update(Take(s, n), i, v)
+    decreases i
+  {
+    if i != 0 {
+      TakeUpdate0(s.tail, i - 1,  v, n - 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
+  //         { Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
+  //         n <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Take(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Take(s, n));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Take(Update(s, i, v), n)} TakeUpdate1(s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int)
+    requires n <= i < Length(s)
+    ensures Take(Update(s, i, v), n) == Take(s, n)
+  {
+    if 0 <= n && i != 0 {
+      TakeUpdate1(s.tail, i - 1, v, n - 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
+  //         { Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
+  //         0 <= n && n <= i && i < Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Update(Seq#Drop(s, n), i-n, v) );
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Drop(Update(s, i, v), n)} DropUpdate0(s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int)
+    requires 0 <= n <= i < Length(s)
+    ensures Drop(Update(s, i, v), n) == Update(Drop(s, n), i - n, v)
+  {
+    if n != 0 {
+      DropUpdate0(s.tail, i - 1, v, n - 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int ::
+  //         { Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) }
+  //         0 <= i && i < n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Drop(Seq#Update(s, i, v), n) == Seq#Drop(s, n));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Drop(Update(s, i, v), n)} DropUpdate1(s: Seq, i: int, v: Box, n: int)
+    requires 0 <= i < n <= Length(s)
+    ensures Drop(Update(s, i, v), n) == Drop(s, n)
+  {
+    if i != 0 {
+      DropUpdate1(s.tail, i - 1, v, n - 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Drop commutes with build
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, v: Box, n: int ::
+  //         { Seq#Drop(Seq#Build(s, v), n) }
+  //         0 <= n && n <= Seq#Length(s) ==> Seq#Drop(Seq#Build(s, v), n) == Seq#Build(Seq#Drop(s, n), v) );
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Drop(Build(s, v), n)} DropBuild(s: Seq, v: Box, n: int)
+    requires 0 <= n <= Length(s)
+    ensures Drop(Build(s, v), n) == Build(Drop(s, n), v)
+  {
+    if n != 0 {
+      calc {
+        Drop(Build(s, v), n);
+        Drop(Cons(s.head, Build(s.tail, v)), n);
+        Drop(Build(s.tail, v), n - 1);
+        { DropBuild(s.tail, v, n - 1); }
+        Build(Drop(s.tail, n - 1), v);
+        Build(Drop(s, n), v);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Additional axioms about common things
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Drop(s, n) }
+  //         n == 0 ==> Seq#Drop(s, n) == s);
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Drop(s, n)} DropNothing(s: Seq, n: int)
+    requires n == 0
+    ensures Drop(s, n) == s
+  {
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, n: int :: { Seq#Take(s, n) }
+  //         n == 0 ==> Seq#Take(s, n) == Seq#Empty());
+  lemma {: extract_pattern Take(s, n)} TakeNothing(s: Seq, n: int)
+    requires n == 0
+    ensures Take(s, n) == Empty()
+  {
+  }
+
+  // boogie:
+  // axiom (forall s: Seq, m, n: int :: { Seq#Drop(Seq#Drop(s, m), n) }
+  //         0 <= m && 0 <= n && m+n <= Seq#Length(s) ==>
+  //         Seq#Drop(Seq#Drop(s, m), n) == Seq#Drop(s, m+n));
+  lemma {:extract_pattern Drop(Drop(s, m), n)} DropDrop(s: Seq, m: int, n: int)
+    requires 0 <= m && 0 <= n && m + n <= Length(s)
+    ensures Drop(Drop(s, m), n) == Drop(s, m + n)
+  {
+    if m != 0 {
+      DropDrop(s.tail, m - 1, n);
+    }
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/AmbiguousMemberDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/AmbiguousMemberDecl.cs
index ac5aed2ea8b..1379864e655 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/AmbiguousMemberDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/AmbiguousMemberDecl.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -23,20 +24,23 @@ public int GetHashCode(MemberDecl d) {
   }
 
   public override string WhatKind {
-    get { return Pool.First().WhatKind; }
+    get { return pool.First().WhatKind; }
   }
 
-  readonly ISet<MemberDecl> Pool = new HashSet<MemberDecl>();
-
-  ISet<MemberDecl> IAmbiguousThing<MemberDecl>.Pool {
-    get { return Pool; }
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => null;
+  public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return null;
   }
 
+  readonly ISet<MemberDecl> pool;
+
+  ISet<MemberDecl> IAmbiguousThing<MemberDecl>.Pool => pool;
+
   private AmbiguousMemberDecl(ModuleDefinition m, string name, ISet<MemberDecl> pool)
     : base(pool.First().RangeToken, new Name(pool.First().RangeToken, name), true, pool.First().IsGhost, null, false) {
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
     Contract.Requires(pool != null && 2 <= pool.Count);
-    Pool = pool;
+    this.pool = pool;
   }
 
   public string ModuleNames() {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/AmbiguousTopLevelDecl.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/AmbiguousTopLevelDecl.cs
index b85fcc44a0c..0317957f73a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/AmbiguousTopLevelDecl.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/AmbiguousTopLevelDecl.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -29,21 +30,22 @@ public int GetHashCode(TopLevelDecl d) {
     }
   }
 
-  public override string WhatKind {
-    get { return Pool.First().WhatKind; }
+  public override string WhatKind => pool.First().WhatKind;
+
+  public override SymbolKind? Kind => null;
+  public override string GetDescription(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return null;
   }
 
-  readonly ISet<TopLevelDecl> Pool = new HashSet<TopLevelDecl>();
+  readonly ISet<TopLevelDecl> pool;
 
-  ISet<TopLevelDecl> IAmbiguousThing<TopLevelDecl>.Pool {
-    get { return Pool; }
-  }
+  ISet<TopLevelDecl> IAmbiguousThing<TopLevelDecl>.Pool => pool;
 
   private AmbiguousTopLevelDecl(ModuleDefinition m, string name, ISet<TopLevelDecl> pool)
     : base(pool.First().RangeToken, new Name(pool.First().RangeToken, name), m, new List<TypeParameter>(), null, false) {
     Contract.Requires(name != null);
     Contract.Requires(pool != null && 2 <= pool.Count);
-    Pool = pool;
+    this.pool = pool;
   }
 
   public string ModuleNames() {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/BoundsDiscovery/BoundsDiscovery.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/BoundsDiscovery/BoundsDiscovery.cs
index 69777275687..137a9f10e91 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/BoundsDiscovery/BoundsDiscovery.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/BoundsDiscovery/BoundsDiscovery.cs
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ protected override bool VisitOneStatement(Statement stmt, BoundsDiscoveryContext
         if (stmt is ForallStmt forallStmt) {
           forallStmt.Bounds = DiscoverBestBounds_MultipleVars(forallStmt.BoundVars, forallStmt.Range, true);
           if (forallStmt.Body == null) {
-            Reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Resolver, ErrorRegistry.NoneId, forallStmt.Tok, "note, this forall statement has no body");
+            Reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Resolver, ErrorRegistry.NoneId, forallStmt.Tok, "this forall statement has no body");
           }
         } else if (stmt is AssignSuchThatStmt assignSuchThatStmt) {
           if (assignSuchThatStmt.AssumeToken == null) {
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ private static void DiscoverBoundsFunctionCallExpr<VT>(FunctionCallExpr fce, VT
       Contract.Requires(boundVariable != null);
       Contract.Requires(bounds != null);
 
-      var formals = fce.Function.Formals;
+      var formals = fce.Function.Ins;
       Contract.Assert(formals.Count == fce.Args.Count);
       if (Enumerable.Zip(formals, fce.Args).Any(t => t.Item1.IsOlder && t.Item2.Resolved is IdentifierExpr ide && ide.Var == (IVariable)boundVariable)) {
         bounds.Add(new OlderBoundedPool());
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CallGraphBuilder.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CallGraphBuilder.cs
index a133fbf3bcc..8b8ab83723f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CallGraphBuilder.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CallGraphBuilder.cs
@@ -204,10 +204,10 @@ protected override bool VisitOneExpression(Expression expr, CallGraphBuilderCont
       /// </summary>
       private bool IsFunctionReturnValue(Function fn, Expression receiver, List<Expression> args, CallGraphBuilderContext context) {
         if (context.CodeContext == fn && context.InFunctionPostcondition) {
-          Contract.Assert(fn.Formals.Count == args.Count);
+          Contract.Assert(fn.Ins.Count == args.Count);
           return
             (fn.IsStatic || receiver.Resolved is ThisExpr) &&
-            Enumerable.Range(0, args.Count).All(i => (args[i].Resolved as IdentifierExpr)?.Var == fn.Formals[i]);
+            Enumerable.Range(0, args.Count).All(i => (args[i].Resolved as IdentifierExpr)?.Var == fn.Ins[i]);
         }
         return false;
       }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CheckDividedConstructorInit_Visitor.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CheckDividedConstructorInit_Visitor.cs
index 3c88cafc9bb..d667c83a80b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CheckDividedConstructorInit_Visitor.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CheckDividedConstructorInit_Visitor.cs
@@ -63,6 +63,8 @@ protected override bool VisitOneExpr(Expression expr, ref int unused) {
       if (e.Member.IsInstanceIndependentConstant && Expression.AsThis(e.Obj) != null) {
         return false;  // don't continue the recursion
       }
+    } else if (expr is UnaryOpExpr { Op: UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Assigned }) {
+      return false;  // don't continue the recursion
     } else if (expr is ThisExpr && !(expr is ImplicitThisExpr_ConstructorCall)) {
       reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, expr.tok, "in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields");
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CheckTypeCharacteristics_Visitor.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CheckTypeCharacteristics_Visitor.cs
index c052fb30287..2ba91bfa61d 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CheckTypeCharacteristics_Visitor.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CheckTypeCharacteristics_Visitor.cs
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ protected override bool VisitOneStmt(Statement stmt, ref bool inGhostContext) {
       return false;
     } else if (stmt is CallStmt) {
       var s = (CallStmt)stmt;
-      CheckTypeInstantiation(s.Tok, s.Method.WhatKind, s.Method.Name, s.Method.TypeArgs, s.MethodSelect.TypeApplication_JustMember, inGhostContext);
+      CheckTypeInstantiation(s.Tok, s.Method.WhatKind, s.Method.Name, s.Method.TypeArgs, s.MethodSelect.TypeApplicationJustMember, inGhostContext);
       // recursively visit all subexpressions, noting that some of them may correspond to ghost formal parameters
       Contract.Assert(s.Lhs.Count == s.Method.Outs.Count);
       for (var i = 0; i < s.Method.Outs.Count; i++) {
@@ -243,16 +243,16 @@ bool VisitPattern(CasePattern<BoundVar> pat, bool patternGhostContext) {
     } else if (expr is MemberSelectExpr) {
       var e = (MemberSelectExpr)expr;
       if (e.Member is Function || e.Member is Method) {
-        CheckTypeInstantiation(e.tok, e.Member.WhatKind, e.Member.Name, ((ICallable)e.Member).TypeArgs, e.TypeApplication_JustMember, inGhostContext);
+        CheckTypeInstantiation(e.tok, e.Member.WhatKind, e.Member.Name, ((ICallable)e.Member).TypeArgs, e.TypeApplicationJustMember, inGhostContext);
       }
     } else if (expr is FunctionCallExpr) {
       var e = (FunctionCallExpr)expr;
       CheckTypeInstantiation(e.tok, e.Function.WhatKind, e.Function.Name, e.Function.TypeArgs, e.TypeApplication_JustFunction, inGhostContext);
       // recursively visit all subexpressions (all actual parameters), noting which ones correspond to ghost formal parameters
       Visit(e.Receiver, inGhostContext);
-      Contract.Assert(e.Args.Count == e.Function.Formals.Count);
+      Contract.Assert(e.Args.Count == e.Function.Ins.Count);
       for (var i = 0; i < e.Args.Count; i++) {
-        Visit(e.Args[i], inGhostContext || e.Function.Formals[i].IsGhost);
+        Visit(e.Args[i], inGhostContext || e.Function.Ins[i].IsGhost);
       }
       return false;  // we've done what there is to be done
     } else if (expr is DatatypeValue) {
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ bool VisitPattern(CasePattern<BoundVar> pat, bool patternGhostContext) {
   public void VisitType(IToken tok, Type type, bool inGhostContext) {
     Contract.Requires(tok != null);
     Contract.Requires(type != null);
-    type = type.Normalize();  // we only do a .Normalize() here, because we want to keep stop at any type synonym or subset type
+    type = type.Normalize();  // we only do a .Normalize() here, because we want to stop at any type synonym or subset type
     if (type is BasicType) {
       // fine
     } else if (type is SetType) {
@@ -332,14 +332,24 @@ void CheckTypeInstantiation(IToken tok, string what, string className, List<Type
     Contract.Requires(actualTypeArgs != null);
     Contract.Requires(formalTypeArgs.Count == actualTypeArgs.Count);
 
+    var typeMap = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(formalTypeArgs, actualTypeArgs);
     for (var i = 0; i < formalTypeArgs.Count; i++) {
       var formal = formalTypeArgs[i];
       var actual = actualTypeArgs[i];
       if (!CheckCharacteristics(formal.Characteristics, actual, inGhostContext, out var whatIsNeeded, out var hint, out _)) {
-        reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, tok, "type parameter{0} ({1}) passed to {2} {3} must {4} (got {5}){6}",
-          actualTypeArgs.Count == 1 ? "" : " " + i, formal.Name, what, className, whatIsNeeded, actual, hint);
+        var index = actualTypeArgs.Count == 1 ? "" : " " + i;
+        reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, tok,
+          $"type parameter{index} ({formal.Name}) passed to {what} {className} must {whatIsNeeded} (got {actual}){hint}");
       }
       VisitType(tok, actual, inGhostContext);
+      foreach (var typeBound in formal.TypeBounds) {
+        var bound = typeBound.Subst(typeMap);
+        if (!Type.IsSupertype(bound, actual) || (actual.IsRefType && !actual.IsNonNullRefType && !bound.IsRefType)) {
+          var index = actualTypeArgs.Count == 1 ? "" : " " + i;
+          reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, tok,
+            $"type parameter{index} ('{formal.Name}') passed to {what} '{className}' must meet type bound '{bound}' (got '{actual}')");
+        }
+      }
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CoCallResolution.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CoCallResolution.cs
index cc845e34af3..003ed4f4aa8 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CoCallResolution.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/CoCallResolution.cs
@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ void CheckCoCalls(Expression expr, int destructionLevel, DatatypeValue coContext
       if (!Attributes.ContainsBool(e.Function.Attributes, "abstemious", ref abstemious)) {
         abstemious = false;
       }
-      Contract.Assert(e.Args.Count == e.Function.Formals.Count);
+      Contract.Assert(e.Args.Count == e.Function.Ins.Count);
       for (var i = 0; i < e.Args.Count; i++) {
         var arg = e.Args[i];
-        if (!e.Function.Formals[i].Type.IsCoDatatype) {
+        if (!e.Function.Ins[i].Type.IsCoDatatype) {
           CheckCoCalls(arg, int.MaxValue, null, coCandidates);
         } else if (abstemious) {
           CheckCoCalls(arg, 0, coContext, coCandidates);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ExpressionTester.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ExpressionTester.cs
index 4059a53857f..bbe458e245b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ExpressionTester.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ExpressionTester.cs
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ private bool CheckIsCompilable(Expression expr, ICodeContext codeContext, bool i
         var what = selectExpr.Member.WhatKindMentionGhost;
         ReportError(ErrorId.r_only_in_specification, selectExpr, $"a {what} is allowed only in specification contexts");
         return false;
-      } else if (selectExpr.Member is Function function && function.Formals.Any(formal => formal.IsGhost)) {
+      } else if (selectExpr.Member is Function function && function.Ins.Any(formal => formal.IsGhost)) {
         var what = selectExpr.Member.WhatKindMentionGhost;
         ReportError(ErrorId.r_ghost_parameters_only_in_specification, selectExpr, $"a {what} with ghost parameters can be used as a value only in specification contexts");
         return false;
@@ -164,8 +164,8 @@ private bool CheckIsCompilable(Expression expr, ICodeContext codeContext, bool i
         }
         // function is okay, so check all NON-ghost arguments
         isCompilable = CheckIsCompilable(callExpr.Receiver, codeContext);
-        for (var i = 0; i < callExpr.Function.Formals.Count; i++) {
-          if (!callExpr.Function.Formals[i].IsGhost && i < callExpr.Args.Count) {
+        for (var i = 0; i < callExpr.Function.Ins.Count; i++) {
+          if (!callExpr.Function.Ins[i].IsGhost && i < callExpr.Args.Count) {
             isCompilable = CheckIsCompilable(callExpr.Args[i], codeContext) && isCompilable;
           }
         }
@@ -318,9 +318,9 @@ bool onlyGhostParametersChange(Expression ee) {
             if (!function.IsStatic && functionCallExpr.Receiver.Resolved is not ThisExpr) {
               return false;
             }
-            Contract.Assert(function.Formals.Count == functionCallExpr.Args.Count);
-            for (var i = 0; i < function.Formals.Count; i++) {
-              var formal = function.Formals[i];
+            Contract.Assert(function.Ins.Count == functionCallExpr.Args.Count);
+            for (var i = 0; i < function.Ins.Count; i++) {
+              var formal = function.Ins[i];
               if (!formal.IsGhost && !IdentifierExpr.Is(functionCallExpr.Args[i], formal)) {
                 return false;
               }
@@ -351,6 +351,11 @@ bool onlyGhostParametersChange(Expression ee) {
       // other conditions are checked below
       subexpressionsAreInsideBranchesOnlyExcept = matchExpr.Source;
 
+    } else if (expr is DecreasesToExpr _) {
+      ReportError(ErrorId.r_decreases_to_only_in_specification,
+                  expr, "a `decreases to` expression is allowed only in specification and ghost contexts");
+      return false;
+
     } else if (expr is ConcreteSyntaxExpression concreteSyntaxExpression) {
       return CheckIsCompilable(concreteSyntaxExpression.ResolvedExpression, codeContext, insideBranchesOnly);
     }
@@ -377,7 +382,8 @@ public static bool IsTypeTestCompilable(TypeTestExpr tte) {
   ///
   /// 0. If "toType" is a supertype of "fromType", then a type test would always return "true". A similar situation
   /// is when "toType" is a non-null type and the nullable version of "toType" is a supertype of "from"; then,
-  /// the run-time type tests consists simply of a non-null check.
+  /// the run-time type tests consists simply of a non-null check. Else, if "toType" is a type parameter, then we
+  /// never allow the check in compiled code.
   ///
   /// If those simple cases don't apply, there the compilability of the type test comes down to two remaining parts:
   ///
@@ -409,6 +415,10 @@ public static bool IsTypeTestCompilable(Type fromType, Type toType) {
       // this requires no run-time work or a simple null comparison, so it can trivially be compiled
       return true;
     }
+    if (toType.IsTypeParameter) {
+      // this is never allowed in compiled code
+      return false;
+    }
 
     // part 1
     if (toType.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints() is UserDefinedType { ResolvedClass: RedirectingTypeDecl { ConstraintIsCompilable: false } }) {
@@ -501,7 +511,7 @@ public static bool UsesSpecFeatures(Expression expr) {
         return true;
       } else if (e.Member != null && e.Member.IsGhost) {
         return true;
-      } else if (e.Member is Function function && function.Formals.Any(formal => formal.IsGhost)) {
+      } else if (e.Member is Function function && function.Ins.Any(formal => formal.IsGhost)) {
         return true;
       } else if (e.Member is DatatypeDestructor dtor) {
         return dtor.EnclosingCtors.All(ctor => ctor.IsGhost);
@@ -544,8 +554,8 @@ public static bool UsesSpecFeatures(Expression expr) {
       if (UsesSpecFeatures(e.Receiver)) {
         return true;
       }
-      for (int i = 0; i < e.Function.Formals.Count; i++) {
-        if (!e.Function.Formals[i].IsGhost && UsesSpecFeatures(e.Args[i])) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < e.Function.Ins.Count; i++) {
+        if (!e.Function.Ins[i].IsGhost && UsesSpecFeatures(e.Args[i])) {
           return true;
         }
       }
@@ -557,7 +567,7 @@ public static bool UsesSpecFeatures(Expression expr) {
       return true;
     } else if (expr is UnaryExpr) {
       var e = (UnaryExpr)expr;
-      if (e is UnaryOpExpr { Op: UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Fresh or UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Allocated }) {
+      if (e is UnaryOpExpr { Op: UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Fresh or UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Allocated or UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Assigned }) {
         return true;
       }
       if (expr is TypeTestExpr tte && !IsTypeTestCompilable(tte)) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/GhostInterestVisitor.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/GhostInterestVisitor.cs
index 386f3b85c47..149e330a040 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/GhostInterestVisitor.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/GhostInterestVisitor.cs
@@ -101,11 +101,9 @@ public void Visit(Statement stmt, bool mustBeErasable, [CanBeNull] string proofC
         s.Args.ForEach(ee => ExpressionTester.CheckIsCompilable(resolver, reporter, ee, codeContext));
       }
 
-    } else if (stmt is RevealStmt) {
-      var s = (RevealStmt)stmt;
-      s.ResolvedStatements.ForEach(ss => Visit(ss, true, "a reveal statement"));
-      s.IsGhost = s.ResolvedStatements.All(ss => ss.IsGhost);
-
+    } else if (stmt is HideRevealStmt hideRevealStmt) {
+      hideRevealStmt.ResolvedStatements.ForEach(ss => Visit(ss, true, $"a {hideRevealStmt.Kind} statement"));
+      hideRevealStmt.IsGhost = hideRevealStmt.ResolvedStatements.All(ss => ss.IsGhost);
     } else if (stmt is BreakStmt) {
       var s = (BreakStmt)stmt;
       s.IsGhost = mustBeErasable;
@@ -147,6 +145,9 @@ public void Visit(Statement stmt, bool mustBeErasable, [CanBeNull] string proofC
       var s = (UpdateStmt)stmt;
       s.ResolvedStatements.ForEach(ss => Visit(ss, mustBeErasable, proofContext));
       s.IsGhost = s.ResolvedStatements.All(ss => ss.IsGhost);
+      if (s.Proof != null) {
+        Visit(s.Proof, true, "a call-by body");
+      }
 
     } else if (stmt is AssignOrReturnStmt) {
       var s = (AssignOrReturnStmt)stmt;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/InferDecreasesClause.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/InferDecreasesClause.cs
index c2f9060aa71..0e3996c8520 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/InferDecreasesClause.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/InferDecreasesClause.cs
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ public Expression FrameToObjectSet(List<FrameExpression> fexprs) {
 
     List<Expression> sets = new List<Expression>();
     List<Expression> singletons = null;
-    var idGen = new FreshIdGenerator();
+    var idGen = new VerificationIdGenerator();
     // drop wildcards altogether in the following iterations
     foreach (FrameExpression fe in fexprs.Where(fe => fe.E is not WildcardExpr)) {
       Contract.Assert(fe != null);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ModuleResolver.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ModuleResolver.cs
index a3f641c49cb..2e1ba07fc05 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ModuleResolver.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ModuleResolver.cs
@@ -61,10 +61,8 @@ internal bool VisibleInScope(Declaration d) {
       return d.IsVisibleInScope(moduleInfo.VisibilityScope);
     }
 
-    public FreshIdGenerator defaultTempVarIdGenerator => ProgramResolver.Program.Compilation.IdGenerator;
-
     public string FreshTempVarName(string prefix, ICodeContext context) {
-      var gen = context is Declaration decl ? decl.IdGenerator : defaultTempVarIdGenerator;
+      var gen = context.CodeGenIdGenerator;
       var freshTempVarName = gen.FreshId(prefix);
       return freshTempVarName;
     }
@@ -264,7 +262,7 @@ public void ResolveModuleExport(LiteralModuleDecl literalDecl, ModuleSignature s
           // then an error will already have been produced ("duplicate name of top-level declaration").
           if (GetClassMembers((DefaultClassDecl)defaultClass)?.TryGetValue(exportDecl.Name, out var member) == true) {
             reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Resolver, ErrorRegistry.NoneId, exportDecl.tok,
-              "note, this export set is empty (did you perhaps forget the 'provides' or 'reveals' keyword?)");
+              "this export set is empty (did you perhaps forget the 'provides' or 'reveals' keyword?)");
           }
         }
 
@@ -433,7 +431,7 @@ public void ResolveModuleExport(LiteralModuleDecl literalDecl, ModuleSignature s
           }
         }
 
-        if (e.Opaque && (decl is DatatypeDecl or TypeSynonymDecl)) {
+        if (e.Opaque && (decl is DatatypeDecl or TypeSynonymDecl or NewtypeDecl)) {
           // Datatypes and type synonyms are marked as _provided when they appear in any provided export.  If a
           // declaration is never provided, then either it isn't visible outside the module at all or its whole
           // definition is.  Datatype and type-synonym declarations undergo some inference from their definitions.
@@ -548,7 +546,7 @@ public void CheckModuleExportConsistency(CompilationData compilation, ModuleDefi
           var wr = Options.OutputWriter;
           wr.WriteLine("/* ===== export set {0}", exportDecl.FullName);
           var pr = new Printer(wr, Options);
-          pr.PrintTopLevelDecls(compilation, exportView.TopLevelDecls, 0, null, null);
+          pr.PrintTopLevelDecls(compilation, exportView.TopLevelDecls, 0, null);
           wr.WriteLine("*/");
         }
 
@@ -784,11 +782,11 @@ public void RegisterByMethod(Function f, TopLevelDeclWithMembers cl) {
       var receiver = isStatic ? (Expression)new StaticReceiverExpr(tok, cl, true) : new ImplicitThisExpr(tok);
       var fn = new ApplySuffix(tok, null,
         new ExprDotName(tok, receiver, f.Name, f.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(typeParameter => (Type)new UserDefinedType(f.tok, typeParameter))),
-        new ActualBindings(f.Formals.ConvertAll(Expression.CreateIdentExpr)).ArgumentBindings,
+        new ActualBindings(f.Ins.ConvertAll(Expression.CreateIdentExpr)).ArgumentBindings,
         tok);
       var post = new AttributedExpression(new BinaryExpr(tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq, r, fn));
       Specification<FrameExpression> reads;
-      if (Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.ReadsClausesOnMethods)) {
+      if (Options.Get(Method.ReadsClausesOnMethods)) {
         // If f.Reads is empty, replace it with an explicit `reads {}` so that we don't replace that
         // with the default `reads *` for methods later.
         // Alternatively, we could have a flag similar to InferredDecreases to distinguish between
@@ -804,7 +802,7 @@ public void RegisterByMethod(Function f, TopLevelDeclWithMembers cl) {
       }
 
       var method = new Method(f.RangeToken.MakeAutoGenerated(), new Name(new AutoGeneratedToken(f.NameNode.Tok)), f.HasStaticKeyword, false, f.TypeArgs,
-        f.Formals, new List<Formal>() { resultVar },
+        f.Ins, new List<Formal>() { resultVar },
         f.Req, reads, new Specification<FrameExpression>(new List<FrameExpression>(), null), new List<AttributedExpression>() { post }, f.Decreases,
         f.ByMethodBody, f.Attributes, null, true);
       Contract.Assert(f.ByMethodDecl == null);
@@ -1023,12 +1021,68 @@ public void ResolveTopLevelDecls_Signatures(ModuleDefinition def, ModuleSignatur
         }
       }
 
+      // Now that non-null types and their base types are in place, resolve the bounds of type parameters
+      ResolveAllTypeParameterBounds(declarations);
+
       // perform acyclicity test on type synonyms
       foreach (var cycle in typeRedirectionDependencies.AllCycles()) {
         ReportCycleError(reporter, cycle, rtd => rtd.tok, rtd => rtd.Name, "cycle among redirecting types (newtypes, subset types, type synonyms)");
       }
     }
 
+    private void ResolveAllTypeParameterBounds(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations) {
+      foreach (var decl in declarations) {
+        allTypeParameters.PushMarker();
+        ResolveTypeParameterBounds(decl.tok, decl.TypeArgs, decl as ICodeContext ?? new NoContext(decl.EnclosingModuleDefinition));
+        if (decl is TopLevelDeclWithMembers topLevelDeclWithMembers) {
+          foreach (var member in topLevelDeclWithMembers.Members) {
+            if (member is Function function) {
+              var ec = reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error);
+              allTypeParameters.PushMarker();
+              ResolveTypeParameterBounds(function.tok, function.TypeArgs, function);
+              allTypeParameters.PopMarker();
+              if (reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error) == ec && function is ExtremePredicate { PrefixPredicate: { } prefixPredicate }) {
+                allTypeParameters.PushMarker();
+                ResolveTypeParameterBounds(prefixPredicate.tok, prefixPredicate.TypeArgs, prefixPredicate);
+                allTypeParameters.PopMarker();
+              }
+            } else if (member is Method m) {
+              var ec = reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error);
+              allTypeParameters.PushMarker();
+              ResolveTypeParameterBounds(m.tok, m.TypeArgs, m);
+              allTypeParameters.PopMarker();
+              if (reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error) == ec && m is ExtremeLemma { PrefixLemma: { } prefixLemma }) {
+                allTypeParameters.PushMarker();
+                ResolveTypeParameterBounds(prefixLemma.tok, prefixLemma.TypeArgs, prefixLemma);
+                allTypeParameters.PopMarker();
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        allTypeParameters.PopMarker();
+      }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// This method pushes the typeParameters to "allTypeParameters" (reporting no errors for any duplicates) and then
+    /// type checks the type-bound types of each type parameter.
+    /// As a side effect, this method leaves "allTypeParameters" in the state after the pushes.
+    /// </summary>
+    void ResolveTypeParameterBounds(IToken tok, List<TypeParameter> typeParameters, ICodeContext context) {
+      foreach (var typeParameter in typeParameters) {
+        allTypeParameters.Push(typeParameter.Name, typeParameter);
+      }
+      foreach (var typeParameter in typeParameters) {
+        foreach (var typeBound in typeParameter.TypeBounds) {
+          var prevErrorCount = reporter.ErrorCount;
+          ResolveType(tok, typeBound, context, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.DontInfer, null);
+          if (reporter.ErrorCount == prevErrorCount && !typeBound.IsTraitType) {
+            reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, tok, $"type bound must be a trait or a subset type based on a trait (got {typeBound})");
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     public static readonly List<NativeType> NativeTypes = new List<NativeType>() {
       new NativeType("byte", 0, 0x100, 8, NativeType.Selection.Byte),
       new NativeType("sbyte", -0x80, 0x80, 0, NativeType.Selection.SByte),
@@ -1039,6 +1093,8 @@ public void ResolveTopLevelDecls_Signatures(ModuleDefinition def, ModuleSignatur
       new NativeType("number", -0x1f_ffff_ffff_ffff, 0x20_0000_0000_0000, 0, NativeType.Selection.Number),  // JavaScript integers
       new NativeType("ulong", 0, new BigInteger(0x1_0000_0000) * new BigInteger(0x1_0000_0000), 64, NativeType.Selection.ULong),
       new NativeType("long", Int64.MinValue, 0x8000_0000_0000_0000, 0, NativeType.Selection.Long),
+      new NativeType("udoublelong", 0, new BigInteger(0x1_0000_0000) * new BigInteger(0x1_0000_0000) * new BigInteger(0x1_0000_0000) * new BigInteger(0x1_0000_0000), 128, NativeType.Selection.UDoubleLong),
+      new NativeType("doublelong", new BigInteger(-0x8000_0000_0000_0000)* new BigInteger(0x1_0000_0000) * new BigInteger(0x1_0000_0000), new BigInteger(0x8000_0000_0000_0000)* new BigInteger(0x1_0000_0000) * new BigInteger(0x1_0000_0000), 0, NativeType.Selection.DoubleLong),
     };
 
     public void ResolveTopLevelDecls_Core(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations,
@@ -1138,7 +1194,7 @@ public void ResolveTopLevelDecls_Core(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations,
         boundsDiscoveryVisitor.VisitDeclarations(declarations);
       }
 
-      if (reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error) == prevErrorCount && Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.ReadsClausesOnMethods)) {
+      if (reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error) == prevErrorCount && Options.Get(Method.ReadsClausesOnMethods)) {
         // Set the default of `reads *` if reads clauses on methods is enabled and this isn't a lemma.
         // Note that `reads *` is the right default for backwards-compatibility,
         // but we may want to infer a sensible default like decreases clauses instead in the future.
@@ -1358,6 +1414,9 @@ public void ResolveTopLevelDecls_Core(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations,
           }
         }
 
+        // Check that type arguments satisfy their required
+        //   - type characteristics, and
+        //   - type bounds
         TypeCharacteristicChecker.InferAndCheck(declarations, isAnExport, reporter);
 
         // Check that functions claiming to be abstemious really are, and check that 'older' parameters are used only when allowed
@@ -1422,6 +1481,22 @@ public void ResolveTopLevelDecls_Core(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations,
       // Further checks
       // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+      foreach (TopLevelDecl d in declarations) {
+        if (d is ClassDecl classDecl) {
+          var classIsExtern = !Options.DisallowExterns && Attributes.Contains(classDecl.Attributes, "extern");
+          if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism &&
+              !classIsExtern &&
+              !classDecl.Members.Exists(member => member is Constructor) &&
+              classDecl.Members.Exists(member => member is Field && !(member is ConstantField { Rhs: not null }))) {
+            // This check should be moved to the resolver once we have a language construct to indicate the type is imported
+            // Instead of the extern attribute
+            Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_constructorless_class_forbidden,
+              classDecl.tok,
+              "since fields are initialized arbitrarily, constructor-less classes are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
       if (reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error) == prevErrorCount) {
         // Check that type-parameter variance is respected in type definitions
         foreach (TopLevelDecl d in declarations) {
@@ -1683,9 +1758,9 @@ private void FillInPostConditionsAndBodiesOfPrefixLemmas(List<TopLevelDecl> decl
               substMap, out var recursiveCallReceiver, out var recursiveCallArgs);
             var methodSel = new MemberSelectExpr(com.tok, recursiveCallReceiver, prefixLemma.Name);
             methodSel.Member = prefixLemma; // resolve here
-            methodSel.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass =
+            methodSel.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass =
               prefixLemma.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp.tok, tp));
-            methodSel.TypeApplication_JustMember =
+            methodSel.TypeApplicationJustMember =
               prefixLemma.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp.tok, tp));
             methodSel.Type = new InferredTypeProxy();
             var recursiveCall = new CallStmt(com.RangeToken, new List<Expression>(), methodSel,
@@ -1758,7 +1833,7 @@ private void ResolveClassMembers_Pass1(TopLevelDeclWithMembers cl) {
             }
 
             // check that any reads clause is used correctly
-            var readsClausesOnMethodsEnabled = Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.ReadsClausesOnMethods);
+            var readsClausesOnMethodsEnabled = Options.Get(Method.ReadsClausesOnMethods);
             foreach (FrameExpression fe in method.Reads.Expressions) {
               if (method.IsLemmaLike) {
                 reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, fe.tok,
@@ -1782,7 +1857,7 @@ private void ResolveClassMembers_Pass1(TopLevelDeclWithMembers cl) {
 
           } else if (member is Function function) {
             CheckForUnnecessaryEqualitySupportDeclarations(function, function.TypeArgs);
-            CheckParameterDefaultValuesAreCompilable(function.Formals, function);
+            CheckParameterDefaultValuesAreCompilable(function.Ins, function);
             if (function.ByMethodBody == null) {
               if (!function.IsGhost && function.Body != null) {
                 ExpressionTester.CheckIsCompilable(Options, this, function.Body, function);
@@ -1869,7 +1944,7 @@ void CheckOlderParameters(Function f) {
 
       if (!f.ResultType.IsBoolType || f is PrefixPredicate || f is ExtremePredicate) {
         // parameters are not allowed to be marked 'older'
-        foreach (var formal in f.Formals) {
+        foreach (var formal in f.Ins) {
           if (formal.IsOlder) {
             reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, formal.tok, "only predicates and two-state predicates are allowed 'older' parameters");
           }
@@ -2084,8 +2159,8 @@ public void RegisterInheritedMembers(TopLevelDeclWithMembers cl, [CanBeNull] DPr
           // ignore any subset types, since they have no members and thus we don't need their type-parameter mappings
           var baseType = newtypeDecl.BaseType.NormalizeExpand();
           baseTypeArguments = baseType.TypeArgs;
-          if (baseType is UserDefinedType udtBaseType) {
-            baseTypeDecl = (TopLevelDeclWithMembers)udtBaseType.ResolvedClass;
+          if (baseType is UserDefinedType { ResolvedClass: TopLevelDeclWithMembers topLevelDeclWithMembers }) {
+            baseTypeDecl = topLevelDeclWithMembers;
           } else if (Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.GeneralNewtypes) || baseType.IsIntegerType || baseType.IsRealType) {
             baseTypeDecl = GetSystemValuetypeDecl(baseType);
           }
@@ -2438,7 +2513,7 @@ public void CheckOverride_FunctionParameters(Function nw, Function old, Dictiona
           "the type of special parameter '_k' of {0} '{1}' ({2}) must be the same as in the overridden {0} ({3})",
           nw.WhatKind, nw.Name, nwFix.KNat ? "nat" : "ORDINAL", oldFix.KNat ? "nat" : "ORDINAL");
       }
-      CheckOverride_ResolvedParameters(nw.tok, old.Formals, nw.Formals, nw.Name, "function", "parameter", typeMap);
+      CheckOverride_ResolvedParameters(nw.tok, old.Ins, nw.Ins, nw.Name, "function", "parameter", typeMap);
       var oldResultType = old.ResultType.Subst(typeMap);
       if (!nw.ResultType.Equals(oldResultType, true)) {
         reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, nw, "the result type of function '{0}' ({1}) differs from that in the overridden function ({2})",
@@ -2460,7 +2535,8 @@ public void CheckOverride_MethodParameters(Method nw, Method old, Dictionary<Typ
       CheckOverride_ResolvedParameters(nw.tok, old.Outs, nw.Outs, nw.Name, "method", "out-parameter", typeMap);
     }
 
-    private Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> CheckOverride_TypeParameters(IToken tok, List<TypeParameter> old, List<TypeParameter> nw, string name, string thing, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> classTypeMap) {
+    private Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> CheckOverride_TypeParameters(IToken tok, List<TypeParameter> old, List<TypeParameter> nw,
+      string name, string thing, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> classTypeMap) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(old != null);
       Contract.Requires(nw != null);
@@ -2471,28 +2547,63 @@ private Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> CheckOverride_TypeParameters(IToken tok,
         reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, tok,
           "{0} '{1}' is declared with a different number of type parameters ({2} instead of {3}) than in the overridden {0}", thing, name, nw.Count, old.Count);
       } else {
-        for (int i = 0; i < old.Count; i++) {
+        var checkNames = old.Concat(nw).Any(typeParameter => typeParameter.TypeBounds.Count != 0);
+        for (var i = 0; i < old.Count; i++) {
           var o = old[i];
           var n = nw[i];
           typeMap.Add(o, new UserDefinedType(tok, n));
-          // Check type characteristics
-          if (o.Characteristics.EqualitySupport != TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired && o.Characteristics.EqualitySupport != n.Characteristics.EqualitySupport) {
-            reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, n.tok, "type parameter '{0}' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality", n.Name);
-          }
-          if (o.Characteristics.HasCompiledValue != n.Characteristics.HasCompiledValue) {
-            reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, n.tok, "type parameter '{0}' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization", n.Name);
-          } else if (o.Characteristics.IsNonempty != n.Characteristics.IsNonempty) {
-            reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, n.tok, "type parameter '{0}' is not allowed to change the requirement of being nonempty", n.Name);
-          }
-          if (o.Characteristics.ContainsNoReferenceTypes != n.Characteristics.ContainsNoReferenceTypes) {
-            reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, n.tok, "type parameter '{0}' is not allowed to change the no-reference-type requirement", n.Name);
+          if (checkNames && o.Name != n.Name) { // if checkNames is false, then just treat the parameters positionally.
+            reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, n.tok,
+              $"type parameters in this {thing} override are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the the {thing} it overrides" +
+              $" (expected '{o.Name}', got '{n.Name}')");
+          } else {
+            // Check type characteristics
+            if (o.Characteristics.EqualitySupport != TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired &&
+                o.Characteristics.EqualitySupport != n.Characteristics.EqualitySupport) {
+              reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, n.tok, "type parameter '{0}' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality",
+                n.Name);
+            }
+            if (o.Characteristics.HasCompiledValue != n.Characteristics.HasCompiledValue) {
+              reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, n.tok,
+                "type parameter '{0}' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization", n.Name);
+            } else if (o.Characteristics.IsNonempty != n.Characteristics.IsNonempty) {
+              reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, n.tok, "type parameter '{0}' is not allowed to change the requirement of being nonempty",
+                n.Name);
+            }
+            if (o.Characteristics.ContainsNoReferenceTypes != n.Characteristics.ContainsNoReferenceTypes) {
+              reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, n.tok, "type parameter '{0}' is not allowed to change the no-reference-type requirement",
+                n.Name);
+            }
           }
-
+        }
+        for (var i = 0; i < old.Count; i++) {
+          var o = old[i];
+          var n = nw[i];
+          CheckOverride_TypeBounds(n.tok, o, n, name, thing, typeMap);
         }
       }
       return typeMap;
     }
 
+    void CheckOverride_TypeBounds(IToken tok, TypeParameter old, TypeParameter nw, string name, string thing, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> typeMap) {
+      if (old.TypeBounds.Count != nw.TypeBounds.Count) {
+        reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, tok,
+          $"type parameter '{nw.Name}' of {thing} '{name}' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the " +
+          $"{thing} it overrides (expected {old.TypeBounds.Count}, found {nw.TypeBounds.Count})");
+        return;
+      }
+
+      for (var i = 0; i < old.TypeBounds.Count; i++) {
+        var oldBound = old.TypeBounds[i].NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints();
+        var newBound = nw.TypeBounds[i].NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints();
+        if (!oldBound.Subst(typeMap).Equals(newBound, true)) {
+          reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, tok,
+            $"type bound for type parameter '{nw.Name}' of {thing} '{name}' is different from the corresponding type bound of the " +
+            $"corresponding type parameter of the {thing} it overrides (expected '{oldBound}', found '{newBound}')");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     private void CheckOverride_ResolvedParameters(IToken tok, List<Formal> old, List<Formal> nw, string name, string thing, string parameterKind, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> typeMap) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(old != null);
@@ -2874,7 +2985,7 @@ public void ScopePushAndReport(Scope<IVariable> scope, IVariable v, string kind)
       ScopePushAndReport(scope, v.Name, v, v.Tok, kind);
     }
 
-    void ScopePushAndReport<Thing>(Scope<Thing> scope, string name, Thing thing, IToken tok, string kind) where Thing : class {
+    public Scope<Thing>.PushResult ScopePushAndReport<Thing>(Scope<Thing> scope, string name, Thing thing, IToken tok, string kind) where Thing : class {
       Contract.Requires(scope != null);
       Contract.Requires(name != null);
       Contract.Requires(thing != null);
@@ -2891,6 +3002,8 @@ void ScopePushAndReport<Thing>(Scope<Thing> scope, string name, Thing thing, ITo
           reporter.Warning(MessageSource.Resolver, ResolutionErrors.ErrorId.none, tok, "Shadowed {0} name: {1}", kind, name);
           break;
       }
+
+      return r;
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -2903,7 +3016,7 @@ public void ResolveFunctionSignature(Function f) {
         reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, f, "function signature can be omitted only in refining functions");
       }
       var option = f.TypeArgs.Count == 0 ? new ResolveTypeOption(f) : new ResolveTypeOption(ResolveTypeOptionEnum.AllowPrefix);
-      foreach (Formal p in f.Formals) {
+      foreach (Formal p in f.Ins) {
         ScopePushAndReport(scope, p, "parameter");
         ResolveType(p.tok, p.Type, f, option, f.TypeArgs);
       }
@@ -2985,7 +3098,7 @@ void ResolveIteratorSignature(IteratorDecl iter) {
         Contract.Assert(initiallyNoTypeArguments);
         Contract.Assert(iter.NonNullTypeDecl.TypeArgs.Count == 0);
         var nnt = iter.NonNullTypeDecl;
-        nnt.TypeArgs.AddRange(iter.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(tp => new TypeParameter(tp.RangeToken, tp.NameNode, tp.VarianceSyntax, tp.Characteristics)));
+        nnt.TypeArgs.AddRange(TypeParameter.CloneTypeParameters(iter.TypeArgs));
         var varUdt = (UserDefinedType)nnt.Var.Type;
         Contract.Assert(varUdt.TypeArgs.Count == 0);
         varUdt.TypeArgs = nnt.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp));
@@ -3219,6 +3332,21 @@ internal LetExpr LetVarIn(IToken tok, string name, Type tp, Expression rhs, Expr
       return LetPatIn(tok, lhs, rhs, body);
     }
 
+    internal static void ResolveByProof(INewOrOldResolver resolver, BlockStmt proof, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
+      if (proof == null) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // clear the labels for the duration of checking the proof body, because break statements are not allowed to leave the proof body
+      var prevLblStmts = resolver.EnclosingStatementLabels;
+      var prevLoopStack = resolver.LoopStack;
+      resolver.EnclosingStatementLabels = new Scope<Statement>(resolver.Options);
+      resolver.LoopStack = new List<Statement>();
+      resolver.ResolveStatement(proof, resolutionContext);
+      resolver.EnclosingStatementLabels = prevLblStmts;
+      resolver.LoopStack = prevLoopStack;
+    }
+
     /// <summary>
     ///  If expr.Lhs != null: Desugars "var x: T :- E; F" into "var temp := E; if temp.IsFailure() then temp.PropagateFailure() else var x: T := temp.Extract(); F"
     ///  If expr.Lhs == null: Desugars "         :- E; F" into "var temp := E; if temp.IsFailure() then temp.PropagateFailure() else                             F"
@@ -3247,7 +3375,7 @@ public void ResolveLetOrFailExpr(LetOrFailExpr expr, ResolutionContext resolutio
 
     public static Type SelectAppropriateArrowTypeForFunction(Function function, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> subst, SystemModuleManager systemModuleManager) {
       return SelectAppropriateArrowType(function.tok,
-        function.Formals.ConvertAll(formal => formal.Type.Subst(subst)),
+        function.Ins.ConvertAll(formal => formal.Type.Subst(subst)),
         function.ResultType.Subst(subst),
         function.Reads.Expressions.Count != 0, function.Req.Count != 0,
         systemModuleManager);
@@ -3494,7 +3622,7 @@ Expression CombineConstraints(Type baseType, BoundVar boundVar, Expression const
         }
 
         if (udt.ResolvedClass is NewtypeDecl newtypeDecl) {
-          return CombineConstraints(newtypeDecl.BaseType, newtypeDecl.Var, newtypeDecl.Constraint);
+          return CombineConstraints(newtypeDecl.RhsWithArgument(udt.TypeArgs), newtypeDecl.Var, newtypeDecl.Constraint);
         }
         if (udt.ResolvedClass is SubsetTypeDecl subsetTypeDecl) {
           return CombineConstraints(subsetTypeDecl.RhsWithArgument(udt.TypeArgs), subsetTypeDecl.Var, subsetTypeDecl.Constraint);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/CheckTypeInferenceVisitor.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/CheckTypeInferenceVisitor.cs
index 2bc2496da61..910066ad6c8 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/CheckTypeInferenceVisitor.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/CheckTypeInferenceVisitor.cs
@@ -160,14 +160,14 @@ protected override void PostVisitOneExpression(Expression expr, TypeInferenceChe
       var e = (MemberSelectExpr)expr;
       if (e.Member is Function || e.Member is Method) {
         var i = 0;
-        foreach (var p in Util.Concat(e.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass, e.TypeApplication_JustMember)) {
-          var tp = i < e.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.Count ?
+        foreach (var p in Util.Concat(e.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass, e.TypeApplicationJustMember)) {
+          var tp = i < e.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.Count ?
               (e.Member.EnclosingClass is DefaultClassDecl ?
                 // In a "revealedFunction" attribute, the EnclosingClass is DefaultClassDecl
                 // and does not have type arguments
                 null :
                 e.Member.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs[i])
-            : ((ICallable)e.Member).TypeArgs[i - e.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.Count];
+            : ((ICallable)e.Member).TypeArgs[i - e.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.Count];
           if (tp == null) {
             continue;
           }
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ protected override void PostVisitOneExpression(Expression expr, TypeInferenceChe
           ? e.Function.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs[i]
           : e.Function.TypeArgs[i - e.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.Count];
         if (!IsDetermined(p.Normalize())) {
-          var hint = e.Name.StartsWith(RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix)
+          var hint = e.Name.StartsWith(HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix)
             ? ". If you are making an opaque function, make sure that the function can be called."
             : "";
           resolver.ReportError(ResolutionErrors.ErrorId.r_function_type_parameter_undetermined, e.tok,
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/NameResolutionAndTypeInference.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/NameResolutionAndTypeInference.cs
index ed5954e67e0..d5f65401db7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/NameResolutionAndTypeInference.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/NameResolutionAndTypeInference.cs
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 using DafnyCore;
 using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using Microsoft.BaseTypes;
-using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Syntax;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
@@ -131,7 +130,7 @@ void ResolveNamesAndInferTypesForOneDeclaration(TopLevelDecl topd) {
           scope.AllowInstance = false;
           ResolveExpression(newtypeDecl.Witness, new ResolutionContext(codeContext, false));
           scope.PopMarker();
-          ConstrainSubtypeRelation(newtypeDecl.Var.Type, newtypeDecl.Witness.Type, newtypeDecl.Witness, "witness expression must have type '{0}' (got '{1}')", newtypeDecl.Var.Type, newtypeDecl.Witness.Type);
+          ConstrainSubtypeRelation(newtypeDecl.BaseType, newtypeDecl.Witness.Type, newtypeDecl.Witness, "witness expression must have type '{0}' (got '{1}')", newtypeDecl.BaseType, newtypeDecl.Witness.Type);
         }
         SolveAllTypeConstraints();
 
@@ -373,10 +372,10 @@ public void ResolveRevealLemmaAttribute(Expression arg) {
 
       var rr = new MemberSelectExpr(f.tok, receiver, f.Name);
       rr.Member = f;
-      rr.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = typeApplication;
-      rr.TypeApplication_JustMember = typeApplication_JustForMember;
+      rr.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = typeApplication;
+      rr.TypeApplicationJustMember = typeApplication_JustForMember;
       List<Type> args = new List<Type>();
-      for (int i = 0; i < f.Formals.Count; i++) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < f.Ins.Count; i++) {
         args.Add(new IntType());
       }
       rr.Type = new ArrowType(f.tok, args, new IntType());
@@ -572,8 +571,8 @@ public void ResolveExpressionX(Expression expr, ResolutionContext resolutionCont
             reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, e.tok, "a two-state function can be used only in a two-state context");
           }
           // build the type substitution map
-          e.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = tentativeReceiverType.TypeArgs;
-          e.TypeApplication_JustMember = new List<Type>();
+          e.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = tentativeReceiverType.TypeArgs;
+          e.TypeApplicationJustMember = new List<Type>();
           Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> subst;
           var ctype = tentativeReceiverType as UserDefinedType;
           if (ctype == null) {
@@ -584,15 +583,15 @@ public void ResolveExpressionX(Expression expr, ResolutionContext resolutionCont
           foreach (var tp in fn.TypeArgs) {
             Type prox = new InferredTypeProxy();
             subst[tp] = prox;
-            e.TypeApplication_JustMember.Add(prox);
+            e.TypeApplicationJustMember.Add(prox);
           }
           subst = BuildTypeArgumentSubstitute(subst);
           e.Type = SelectAppropriateArrowTypeForFunction(fn, subst, SystemModuleManager);
         } else if (member is Field) {
           var field = (Field)member;
           e.Member = field;
-          e.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = tentativeReceiverType.TypeArgs;
-          e.TypeApplication_JustMember = new List<Type>();
+          e.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = tentativeReceiverType.TypeArgs;
+          e.TypeApplicationJustMember = new List<Type>();
           if (e.Obj is StaticReceiverExpr && !field.IsStatic) {
             reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, expr, "a field must be selected via an object, not just a class name");
           }
@@ -758,6 +757,10 @@ public void ResolveExpressionX(Expression expr, ResolutionContext resolutionCont
               reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, expr, "a {0} definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references", declKind);
             }
             break;
+          case UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Assigned:
+            // the argument is allowed to have any type
+            expr.Type = Type.Bool;
+            break;
           default:
             Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected unary operator
         }
@@ -1165,6 +1168,12 @@ public void ResolveExpressionX(Expression expr, ResolutionContext resolutionCont
 
       } else if (expr is NestedMatchExpr nestedMatchExpr) {
         ResolveNestedMatchExpr(nestedMatchExpr, resolutionContext);
+      } else if (expr is DecreasesToExpr decreasesToExpr) {
+        foreach (var subexpr in decreasesToExpr.SubExpressions) {
+          ResolveExpression(subexpr, resolutionContext);
+        }
+
+        decreasesToExpr.Type = Type.Bool;
       } else {
         Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected expression
       }
@@ -1667,7 +1676,7 @@ private static List<int> ConstrainTypeHead_Recursive(Type super, ref Type sub) {
         return polarities;
       }
 
-      foreach (var subParentType in sub.ParentTypes()) {
+      foreach (var subParentType in sub.ParentTypes(true)) {
         sub = subParentType;
         polarities = ConstrainTypeHead_Recursive(super, ref sub);
         if (polarities != null) {
@@ -2916,6 +2925,11 @@ void ResolveIterator(IteratorDecl iter) {
       Contract.Requires(currentClass == null);
       Contract.Ensures(currentClass == null);
 
+      if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism && iter.Outs.Count > 0) {
+        Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_iterators_are_not_deterministic, iter.tok,
+          "since yield parameters are initialized arbitrarily, iterators are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+      }
+
       var initialErrorCount = reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error);
 
       // Add in-parameters to the scope, but don't care about any duplication errors, since they have already been reported
@@ -3099,43 +3113,6 @@ public void ResolveStatementWithLabels(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolut
       EnclosingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
     }
 
-    void ResolveAlternatives(List<GuardedAlternative> alternatives, AlternativeLoopStmt loopToCatchBreaks, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
-      Contract.Requires(alternatives != null);
-      Contract.Requires(resolutionContext != null);
-
-      // first, resolve the guards
-      foreach (var alternative in alternatives) {
-        int prevErrorCount = reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error);
-        ResolveExpression(alternative.Guard, resolutionContext);
-        Contract.Assert(alternative.Guard.Type != null);  // follows from postcondition of ResolveExpression
-        bool successfullyResolved = reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error) == prevErrorCount;
-        ConstrainTypeExprBool(alternative.Guard, "condition is expected to be of type bool, but is {0}");
-      }
-
-      if (loopToCatchBreaks != null) {
-        LoopStack.Add(loopToCatchBreaks);  // push
-      }
-      foreach (var alternative in alternatives) {
-        scope.PushMarker();
-        DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
-        if (alternative.IsBindingGuard) {
-          var exists = (ExistsExpr)alternative.Guard;
-          foreach (var v in exists.BoundVars) {
-            ScopePushAndReport(scope, v, "bound-variable");
-          }
-        }
-        ResolveAttributes(alternative, resolutionContext);
-        foreach (Statement ss in alternative.Body) {
-          ResolveStatementWithLabels(ss, resolutionContext);
-        }
-        DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
-        scope.PopMarker();
-      }
-      if (loopToCatchBreaks != null) {
-        LoopStack.RemoveAt(LoopStack.Count - 1);  // pop
-      }
-    }
-
     /// <summary>
     /// Resolves the given call statement.
     /// Assumes all LHSs have already been resolved (and checked for mutability).
@@ -3522,13 +3499,12 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
         var s = (PrintStmt)stmt;
         s.Args.ForEach(e => ResolveExpression(e, resolutionContext));
 
-      } else if (stmt is RevealStmt) {
-        var s = (RevealStmt)stmt;
-        foreach (var expr in s.Exprs) {
-          var name = RevealStmt.SingleName(expr);
+      } else if (stmt is HideRevealStmt hideRevealStmt) {
+        foreach (var expr in hideRevealStmt.Exprs) {
+          var name = HideRevealStmt.SingleName(expr);
           var labeledAssert = name == null ? null : DominatingStatementLabels.Find(name) as AssertLabel;
           if (labeledAssert != null) {
-            s.LabeledAsserts.Add(labeledAssert);
+            hideRevealStmt.LabeledAsserts.Add(labeledAssert);
           } else {
             var revealResolutionContext = resolutionContext with { InReveal = true };
             if (expr is ApplySuffix) {
@@ -3542,8 +3518,8 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
                 Contract.Assert(methodCallInfo.Callee.Member is TwoStateLemma);
                 reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, methodCallInfo.Tok, "to reveal a two-state function, do not list any parameters or @-labels");
               } else {
-                var call = new CallStmt(s.RangeToken, new List<Expression>(), methodCallInfo.Callee, methodCallInfo.ActualParameters, methodCallInfo.Tok);
-                s.ResolvedStatements.Add(call);
+                var call = new CallStmt(hideRevealStmt.RangeToken, new List<Expression>(), methodCallInfo.Callee, methodCallInfo.ActualParameters, methodCallInfo.Tok);
+                hideRevealStmt.ResolvedStatements.Add(call);
               }
             } else if (expr is NameSegment or ExprDotName) {
               if (expr is NameSegment) {
@@ -3557,15 +3533,15 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
                 //The revealed member is a function
                 reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, callee.tok, "to reveal a function ({0}), append parentheses", callee.Member.ToString().Substring(7));
               } else {
-                var call = new CallStmt(s.RangeToken, new List<Expression>(), callee, new List<ActualBinding>(), expr.tok);
-                s.ResolvedStatements.Add(call);
+                var call = new CallStmt(hideRevealStmt.RangeToken, new List<Expression>(), callee, new List<ActualBinding>(), expr.tok);
+                hideRevealStmt.ResolvedStatements.Add(call);
               }
             } else {
               ResolveExpression(expr, revealResolutionContext);
             }
           }
         }
-        foreach (var a in s.ResolvedStatements) {
+        foreach (var a in hideRevealStmt.ResolvedStatements) {
           ResolveStatement(a, resolutionContext);
         }
       } else if (stmt is BreakStmt) {
@@ -3664,9 +3640,9 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
         // Resolve the types of the locals
         foreach (var local in s.Locals) {
           int prevErrorCount = reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error);
-          ResolveType(local.Tok, local.OptionalType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+          ResolveType(local.Tok, local.SyntacticType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
           if (reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error) == prevErrorCount) {
-            local.type = local.OptionalType;
+            local.type = local.SyntacticType;
           } else {
             local.type = new InferredTypeProxy();
           }
@@ -3701,9 +3677,9 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
         VarDeclPattern s = (VarDeclPattern)stmt;
         foreach (var local in s.LocalVars) {
           int prevErrorCount = reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error);
-          ResolveType(local.Tok, local.OptionalType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+          ResolveType(local.Tok, local.SyntacticType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
           if (reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error) == prevErrorCount) {
-            local.type = local.OptionalType;
+            local.type = local.SyntacticType;
           } else {
             local.type = new InferredTypeProxy();
           }
@@ -3767,8 +3743,8 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
           TypeRhs rr = (TypeRhs)s.Rhs;
           ResolveTypeRhs(rr, stmt, resolutionContext);
           AddAssignableConstraint(stmt.Tok, lhsType, rr.Type, "type {1} is not assignable to LHS (of type {0})");
-        } else if (s.Rhs is HavocRhs) {
-          // nothing else to do
+        } else if (s.Rhs is HavocRhs havocRhs) {
+          havocRhs.Resolve(this, resolutionContext);
         } else {
           Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected RHS
         }
@@ -3785,41 +3761,25 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
 
       } else if (stmt is IfStmt) {
         IfStmt s = (IfStmt)stmt;
-        if (s.Guard != null) {
-          ResolveExpression(s.Guard, resolutionContext);
-          Contract.Assert(s.Guard.Type != null);  // follows from postcondition of ResolveExpression
-          ConstrainTypeExprBool(s.Guard, "condition is expected to be of type bool, but is {0}");
-        }
-
-        scope.PushMarker();
-        if (s.IsBindingGuard) {
-          var exists = (ExistsExpr)s.Guard;
-          foreach (var v in exists.BoundVars) {
-            ScopePushAndReport(scope, v, "bound-variable");
-          }
-        }
-        DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
-        ResolveBlockStatement(s.Thn, resolutionContext);
-        DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
-        scope.PopMarker();
-
-        if (s.Els != null) {
-          DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
-          ResolveStatement(s.Els, resolutionContext);
-          DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
-        }
-
+        s.Resolve(this, resolutionContext);
       } else if (stmt is AlternativeStmt) {
         var s = (AlternativeStmt)stmt;
-        ResolveAlternatives(s.Alternatives, null, resolutionContext);
-
+        s.Resolve(this, resolutionContext);
       } else if (stmt is OneBodyLoopStmt) {
         var s = (OneBodyLoopStmt)stmt;
-        if (s is WhileStmt whileS && whileS.Guard != null) {
-          ResolveExpression(whileS.Guard, resolutionContext);
-          Contract.Assert(whileS.Guard.Type != null);  // follows from postcondition of ResolveExpression
-          ConstrainTypeExprBool(whileS.Guard, "condition is expected to be of type bool, but is {0}");
-        } else if (s is ForLoopStmt forS) {
+        if (s is WhileStmt whileS) {
+          if (whileS.Guard != null) {
+            ResolveExpression(whileS.Guard, resolutionContext);
+            Contract.Assert(whileS.Guard.Type != null);  // follows from postcondition of ResolveExpression
+            ConstrainTypeExprBool(whileS.Guard, "condition is expected to be of type bool, but is {0}");
+          } else {
+            if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
+              Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_non_deterministic_loop_forbidden, s.Tok,
+                "nondeterministic loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        if (s is ForLoopStmt forS) {
           var loopIndex = forS.LoopIndex;
           int prevErrorCount = reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error);
           ResolveType(loopIndex.Tok, loopIndex.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
@@ -3864,9 +3824,12 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
 
       } else if (stmt is AlternativeLoopStmt) {
         var s = (AlternativeLoopStmt)stmt;
-        ResolveAlternatives(s.Alternatives, s, resolutionContext);
+        if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
+          Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_case_based_loop_forbidden, s.Tok,
+            "case-based loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+        }
+        AlternativeStmt.ResolveAlternatives(this, s.Alternatives, s, resolutionContext);
         ResolveLoopSpecificationComponents(s.Invariants, s.Decreases, s.Mod, resolutionContext);
-
       } else if (stmt is ForallStmt) {
         var s = (ForallStmt)stmt;
 
@@ -3957,13 +3920,19 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
         }
 
       } else if (stmt is ModifyStmt) {
-        var s = (ModifyStmt)stmt;
-        ResolveAttributes(s.Mod, resolutionContext);
-        foreach (FrameExpression fe in s.Mod.Expressions) {
+        var modifyStmt = (ModifyStmt)stmt;
+        if (modifyStmt.Body == null) {
+          if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
+            Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_bodyless_modify_statement_forbidden,
+              modifyStmt.Tok, "modify statement without a body forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+          }
+        }
+        ResolveAttributes(modifyStmt.Mod, resolutionContext);
+        foreach (FrameExpression fe in modifyStmt.Mod.Expressions) {
           ResolveFrameExpression(fe, FrameExpressionUse.Modifies, resolutionContext);
         }
-        if (s.Body != null) {
-          ResolveBlockStatement(s.Body, resolutionContext);
+        if (modifyStmt.Body != null) {
+          ResolveBlockStatement(modifyStmt.Body, resolutionContext);
         }
 
       } else if (stmt is CalcStmt) {
@@ -4336,7 +4305,8 @@ static void FillInTypeArguments(IToken tok, int n, List<Type> typeArgs, List<Typ
         if (option.Opt == ResolveTypeOptionEnum.AllowPrefixExtend) {
           // extend defaultTypeArguments, if needed
           for (int i = defaultTypeArguments.Count; i < n; i++) {
-            var tp = new TypeParameter(tok.ToRange(), new Name(tok.ToRange(), "_T" + i), i, option.Parent);
+            var parentToken = option.Parent.Tok;
+            var tp = new TypeParameter(parentToken.ToRange(), new Name(parentToken.ToRange(), "_T" + i), i, option.Parent);
             if (option.Parent is IteratorDecl) {
               tp.Characteristics.AutoInit = Type.AutoInitInfo.CompilableValue;
             }
@@ -4568,8 +4538,8 @@ public MemberDecl ResolveMember(IToken tok, Type receiverType, string memberName
     }
 
     private void ReportMemberNotFoundError(IToken tok, string memberName, TopLevelDecl receiverDecl) {
-      if (memberName.StartsWith(RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix)) {
-        var nameToBeRevealed = memberName[RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix.Length..];
+      if (memberName.StartsWith(HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix)) {
+        var nameToBeRevealed = memberName[HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix.Length..];
         var members = receiverDecl is TopLevelDeclWithMembers topLevelDeclWithMembers ? GetClassMembers(topLevelDeclWithMembers) : null;
         if (members == null) {
           reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, tok, $"member '{nameToBeRevealed}' does not exist in {receiverDecl.WhatKind} '{receiverDecl.Name}'");
@@ -5325,7 +5295,7 @@ Expression ResolveNameSegment(NameSegment expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<Act
       // For 2 and 5:
       // For 3:
 
-      var name = resolutionContext.InReveal ? RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + expr.Name : expr.Name;
+      var name = resolutionContext.InReveal ? HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + expr.Name : expr.Name;
       v = scope.Find(name);
       if (v != null) {
         // ----- 0. local variable, parameter, or bound variable
@@ -5442,7 +5412,7 @@ Expression ResolveNameSegment(NameSegment expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<Act
 
     private void ReportUnresolvedIdentifierError(IToken tok, string name, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
       if (resolutionContext.InReveal) {
-        var nameToReport = name.StartsWith(RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix) ? name[RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix.Length..] : name;
+        var nameToReport = name.StartsWith(HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix) ? name[HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix.Length..] : name;
         reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, tok,
           "cannot reveal '{0}' because no revealable constant, function, assert label, or requires label in the current scope is named '{0}'",
           nameToReport);
@@ -5570,7 +5540,7 @@ void ResolveNameSegment_Type(NameSegment expr, ResolutionContext resolutionConte
           // We have found a module name or a type name, neither of which is a type expression. However, the NameSegment we're
           // looking at may be followed by a further suffix that makes this into a type expresion. We postpone the rest of the
           // resolution to any such suffix. For now, we create a temporary expression that will never be seen by the compiler
-          // or verifier, just to have a placeholder where we can recorded what we have found.
+          // or verifier, just to have a placeholder where we can record what we have found.
           r = CreateResolver_IdentifierExpr(expr.tok, expr.Name, expr.OptTypeArguments, decl);
         }
 
@@ -5662,7 +5632,7 @@ Expression ResolveDotSuffix(ExprDotName expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<Actua
       Expression rWithArgs = null;  // the resolved expression after incorporating "args"
       MemberDecl member = null;
 
-      var name = resolutionContext.InReveal ? RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + expr.SuffixName : expr.SuffixName;
+      var name = resolutionContext.InReveal ? HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + expr.SuffixName : expr.SuffixName;
       if (!expr.Lhs.WasResolved()) {
         return null;
       }
@@ -5840,8 +5810,8 @@ Expression ResolveExprDotCall(IToken tok, Expression receiver, Type receiverType
       // Now, fill in rr.Type.  This requires taking into consideration the type parameters passed to the receiver's type as well as any type
       // parameters used in this NameSegment/ExprDotName.
       // Add to "subst" the type parameters given to the member's class/datatype
-      rr.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = new List<Type>();
-      rr.TypeApplication_JustMember = new List<Type>();
+      rr.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = new List<Type>();
+      rr.TypeApplicationJustMember = new List<Type>();
       Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> subst;
       var rType = (receiverTypeBound ?? receiver.Type).NormalizeExpand();
       if (rType is UserDefinedType udt && udt.ResolvedClass != null) {
@@ -5849,14 +5819,14 @@ Expression ResolveExprDotCall(IToken tok, Expression receiver, Type receiverType
         if (member.EnclosingClass == null) {
           // this can happen for some special members, like real.Floor
         } else {
-          rr.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.AddRange(rType.AsParentType(member.EnclosingClass).TypeArgs);
+          rr.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.AddRange(rType.AsParentType(member.EnclosingClass).TypeArgs);
         }
       } else {
         var vtd = ProgramResolver.SystemModuleManager.AsValuetypeDecl(rType);
         if (vtd != null) {
           Contract.Assert(vtd.TypeArgs.Count == rType.TypeArgs.Count);
           subst = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(vtd.TypeArgs, rType.TypeArgs);
-          rr.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.AddRange(rType.TypeArgs);
+          rr.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.AddRange(rType.TypeArgs);
         } else {
           Contract.Assert(rType.TypeArgs.Count == 0);
           subst = new Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type>();
@@ -5882,7 +5852,7 @@ Expression ResolveExprDotCall(IToken tok, Expression receiver, Type receiverType
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < fn.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
           var ta = i < suppliedTypeArguments ? optTypeArguments[i] : new InferredTypeProxy();
-          rr.TypeApplication_JustMember.Add(ta);
+          rr.TypeApplicationJustMember.Add(ta);
           subst.Add(fn.TypeArgs[i], ta);
         }
         subst = BuildTypeArgumentSubstitute(subst, receiverTypeBound ?? receiver.Type);
@@ -5901,11 +5871,10 @@ Expression ResolveExprDotCall(IToken tok, Expression receiver, Type receiverType
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < m.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
           var ta = i < suppliedTypeArguments ? optTypeArguments[i] : new InferredTypeProxy();
-          rr.TypeApplication_JustMember.Add(ta);
+          rr.TypeApplicationJustMember.Add(ta);
           subst.Add(m.TypeArgs[i], ta);
         }
         subst = BuildTypeArgumentSubstitute(subst, receiverTypeBound ?? receiver.Type);
-        rr.ResolvedOutparameterTypes = m.Outs.ConvertAll(f => f.Type.Subst(subst));
         rr.Type = new InferredTypeProxy();  // fill in this field, in order to make "rr" resolved
       }
       return rr;
@@ -5982,23 +5951,23 @@ public MethodCallInformation ResolveApplySuffix(ApplySuffix e, ResolutionContext
           }
           if (callee != null) {
             // produce a FunctionCallExpr instead of an ApplyExpr(MemberSelectExpr)
-            var rr = new FunctionCallExpr(e.Lhs.tok, callee.Name, mse.Obj, e.tok, e.CloseParen, e.Bindings, atLabel) {
+            var rr = new FunctionCallExpr(e.Lhs.Tok, callee.Name, mse.Obj, e.tok, e.CloseParen, e.Bindings, atLabel) {
               Function = callee,
-              TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = mse.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass,
-              TypeApplication_JustFunction = mse.TypeApplication_JustMember
+              TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = mse.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass,
+              TypeApplication_JustFunction = mse.TypeApplicationJustMember
             };
             var typeMap = BuildTypeArgumentSubstitute(mse.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsAtMemberDeclaration());
-            ResolveActualParameters(rr.Bindings, callee.Formals, e.tok, callee, resolutionContext, typeMap, callee.IsStatic ? null : mse.Obj);
+            ResolveActualParameters(rr.Bindings, callee.Ins, e.tok, callee, resolutionContext, typeMap, callee.IsStatic ? null : mse.Obj);
             rr.Type = callee.ResultType.Subst(typeMap);
             if (errorCount == reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error)) {
               Contract.Assert(!(mse.Obj is StaticReceiverExpr) || callee.IsStatic);  // this should have been checked already
-              Contract.Assert(callee.Formals.Count == rr.Args.Count);  // this should have been checked already
+              Contract.Assert(callee.Ins.Count == rr.Args.Count);  // this should have been checked already
             }
             r = rr;
           } else {
             List<Formal> formals;
             if (callee != null) {
-              formals = callee.Formals;
+              formals = callee.Ins;
             } else {
               formals = new List<Formal>();
               for (var i = 0; i < fnType.Args.Count; i++) {
@@ -6127,7 +6096,7 @@ public void ResolveFunctionCallExpr(FunctionCallExpr e, ResolutionContext resolu
         Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> subst = BuildTypeArgumentSubstitute(typeMap);
 
         // type check the arguments
-        ResolveActualParameters(e.Bindings, function.Formals, e.tok, function, resolutionContext, subst, function.IsStatic ? null : e.Receiver);
+        ResolveActualParameters(e.Bindings, function.Ins, e.tok, function, resolutionContext, subst, function.IsStatic ? null : e.Receiver);
 
         e.Type = function.ResultType.Subst(subst).NormalizeExpand();
       }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/XConstraint.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/XConstraint.cs
index 9a6a6c77a3c..8a96a9136bd 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/XConstraint.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/NameResolutionAndTypeInference/XConstraint.cs
@@ -141,19 +141,11 @@ public bool Confirm(ModuleResolver resolver, bool fullstrength, out bool convert
         break;
       case "IntOrORDINAL":
         if (!(t is TypeProxy)) {
-          if (TernaryExpr.PrefixEqUsesNat) {
-            satisfied = t.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int);
-          } else {
-            satisfied = t.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int) || t.IsBigOrdinalType;
-          }
+          satisfied = t.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int) || t.IsBigOrdinalType;
         } else if (fullstrength) {
           var proxy = (TypeProxy)t;
-          if (TernaryExpr.PrefixEqUsesNat) {
-            resolver.AssignProxyAndHandleItsConstraints(proxy, Type.Int);
-          } else {
-            // let's choose ORDINAL over int
-            resolver.AssignProxyAndHandleItsConstraints(proxy, Type.BigOrdinal);
-          }
+          // let's choose ORDINAL over int
+          resolver.AssignProxyAndHandleItsConstraints(proxy, Type.BigOrdinal);
           convertedIntoOtherTypeConstraints = true;
           satisfied = true;
         } else {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/INewOrOldResolver.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/INewOrOldResolver.cs
index 021c2808392..c1c293cc554 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/INewOrOldResolver.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/INewOrOldResolver.cs
@@ -17,4 +17,18 @@ public interface INewOrOldResolver {
   void ConstrainTypeExprBool(Expression expression, string message);
   void ResolveStatement(Statement statement, ResolutionContext resolutionContext);
   void ResolveTypeRhs(TypeRhs typeRhs, Statement statement, ResolutionContext resolutionContext);
+  void ResolveBlockStatement(BlockStmt blockS, ResolutionContext resolutionContext);
+
+  Scope<Thing>.PushResult ScopePushAndReport<Thing>(Scope<Thing> scope, string name, Thing thing, IToken tok,
+    string kind) where Thing : class;
+
+  public void ScopePushAndReport(Scope<IVariable> scope, IVariable v, string kind) {
+    ScopePushAndReport(scope, v.Name, v, v.Tok, kind);
+  }
+
+  void ResolveStatementWithLabels(Statement statement, ResolutionContext resolutionContext);
+  void ResolveFrameExpression(
+    FrameExpression frameExpression,
+    FrameExpressionUse frameExpressionUse,
+    ResolutionContext context);
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreType.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreType.cs
index c66619e94f3..2bea60dc923 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreType.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreType.cs
@@ -274,6 +274,14 @@ public DPreType(TopLevelDecl decl, List<PreType> arguments, DPreType printablePr
       PrintablePreType = printablePreType;
     }
 
+    public DPreType SansPrintablePreType() {
+      if (PrintablePreType == null) {
+        return this;
+      } else {
+        return new DPreType(Decl, Arguments);
+      }
+    }
+
     public override string ToString() {
       if (PrintablePreType != null) {
         return PrintablePreType.ToString();
@@ -455,10 +463,13 @@ public class PreTypePlaceholderModule : PreTypePlaceholder {
   public class PreTypePlaceholderType : PreTypePlaceholder {
   }
 
-  public class UnusedPreType : PreTypePlaceholder {
+  /// Used for assigning a pre-type to MemberSelect expressions, such as "obj.method",
+  /// which is not considered an expression. This indicates that resolution has occurred,
+  /// even though the pre-type itself is not useful.
+  public class MethodPreType : PreTypePlaceholder {
     public readonly string Why;
 
-    public UnusedPreType(string why) {
+    public MethodPreType(string why) {
       Why = why;
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreType2TypeUtil.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreType2TypeUtil.cs
index 07ed6411a35..c9a4337b5ab 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreType2TypeUtil.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreType2TypeUtil.cs
@@ -130,11 +130,21 @@ private static void Combine(Type type, Type preTypeConverted) {
       // Even if the head type of preTypeConverted is a refinement wrapper, we're going to stick with the user-defined type, so we Normalize() here.
       preTypeConverted = preTypeConverted.Normalize();
 
-      Contract.Assert((type as UserDefinedType)?.ResolvedClass == (preTypeConverted as UserDefinedType)?.ResolvedClass);
-      Contract.Assert(type.TypeArgs.Count == preTypeConverted.TypeArgs.Count);
-      for (var i = 0; i < type.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
-        // TODO: the following should take variance into consideration
-        Combine(type.TypeArgs[i], preTypeConverted.TypeArgs[i]);
+      if ((type as UserDefinedType)?.ResolvedClass == (preTypeConverted as UserDefinedType)?.ResolvedClass) {
+        Contract.Assert(type.TypeArgs.Count == preTypeConverted.TypeArgs.Count);
+        for (var i = 0; i < type.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
+          Combine(type.TypeArgs[i], preTypeConverted.TypeArgs[i]);
+        }
+      } else {
+        // The only way this can happen is if the user-supplied "type" is a type synonym, subset type, or newtype that expands to one of its
+        // type parameters. If so, expand "type" and recurse.
+        var udt = (UserDefinedType)type;
+        if (udt.ResolvedClass is TypeSynonymDecl typeSynonymDecl) {
+          type = typeSynonymDecl.RhsWithArgumentIgnoringScope(udt.TypeArgs);
+        } else {
+          type = ((NewtypeDecl)udt.ResolvedClass).RhsWithArgument(udt.TypeArgs);
+        }
+        Combine(type, preTypeConverted);
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeConstraints.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeConstraints.cs
index 900b0b6fcfd..0ad73d8464d 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeConstraints.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeConstraints.cs
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ public class PreTypeConstraints {
     private Queue<EqualityConstraint> equalityConstraints = new();
     private List<Func<bool>> guardedConstraints = new();
     private readonly List<Advice> defaultAdvice = new();
+    private readonly List<(PreTypeProxy, PreType)> compatibleBounds = new();
     private List<Confirmation> confirmations = new();
 
     public PreTypeConstraints(PreTypeResolver preTypeResolver) {
@@ -91,6 +92,15 @@ private DPreType ApproximateReceiverTypeViaBounds(PreTypeProxy proxy, [CanBeNull
         }
       }
 
+      // As a final possibility, if there is a compatible-types constraint "ty ~~ proxy", then pick "ty" as the bound
+      foreach (var (compatibleBoundsProxy, compatibleBoundsType) in compatibleBounds) {
+        if (compatibleBoundsProxy.Normalize() == proxy && compatibleBoundsType.Normalize() is DPreType { Decl: TopLevelDeclWithMembers md } dPreType) {
+          if (memberName == null || PreTypeResolver.resolver.GetClassMembers(md).ContainsKey(memberName)) {
+            return dPreType;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
       return null;
     }
 
@@ -157,6 +167,8 @@ private bool TryMakeDecisions() {
         return true;
       } else if (TryApplyDefaultAdvice()) {
         return true;
+      } else if (TryUseCompatibleTypesAsBounds()) {
+        return true;
       }
       return false;
     }
@@ -177,6 +189,7 @@ void ClearState() {
       equalityConstraints.Clear();
       guardedConstraints.Clear();
       defaultAdvice.Clear();
+      compatibleBounds.Clear();
       confirmations.Clear();
       PreTypeResolver.allPreTypeProxies.Clear();
     }
@@ -398,11 +411,14 @@ public static int Height(TopLevelDecl decl) {
         // object is at height 0
         return 0;
       }
+
       if (decl is TopLevelDeclWithMembers { ParentTraitHeads: { Count: > 0 } } topLevelDeclWithMembers) {
         // Note, if "decl" is a reference type, then its parents include "object", whether or not "object" is explicitly
         // included in "ParentTraitHeads". Since the "Max" in the following line will return a number 0 or
         // higher, the "Max" would be the same whether or not "object" is in the "ParentTraitHeads" list.
         return topLevelDeclWithMembers.ParentTraitHeads.Max(Height) + 1;
+      } else if (decl is TypeParameter { TypeBounds: { Count: > 0 } } typeParameter) {
+        return typeParameter.TypeBoundHeads.Max(Height) + 1;
       } else {
         // Other other declarations have height 1.
         // Note, an ostensibly parent-less reference type still has the implicit "object" as a parent trait, but
@@ -509,6 +525,19 @@ bool TryApplyDefaultAdviceFor(PreTypeProxy proxy) {
       return false;
     }
 
+    bool TryUseCompatibleTypesAsBounds() {
+      // if there is a compatible-types constraint "ty ~~ proxy", then decide on the bound "ty :> proxy"
+      bool anythingChanged = false;
+      foreach (var (compatibleBoundsProxy, compatibleBoundsType) in compatibleBounds) {
+        if (compatibleBoundsProxy.Normalize() is PreTypeProxy proxy && compatibleBoundsType.Normalize() is DPreType dPreType) {
+          // make a decision to set this proxy
+          proxy.Set(dPreType);
+          anythingChanged = true;
+        }
+      }
+      return anythingChanged;
+    }
+
     public void AddConfirmation(CommonConfirmationBag check, PreType preType, IToken tok, string errorFormatString, Action onProxyAction) {
       confirmations.Add(new Confirmation(
         () => ConfirmConstraint(check, preType, null),
@@ -527,6 +556,14 @@ public void AddConfirmation(IToken tok, Func<bool> check, Func<string> errorMess
         (ResolverPass reporter) => { reporter.ReportError(tok, errorMessage()); }));
     }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Make a note that a possible super bound for "proxy" is "possibleSuperBound". It can later be consulted and
+    /// acted on if "proxy" is not constrained in any other way.
+    /// </summary>
+    public void AddCompatibleBounds(PreTypeProxy proxy, PreType possibleSuperBound) {
+      compatibleBounds.Add((proxy, possibleSuperBound));
+    }
+
     void ConfirmTypeConstraints() {
       foreach (var confirmation in confirmations) {
         confirmation.Confirm(PreTypeResolver);
@@ -754,12 +791,22 @@ public List<PreType> GetTypeArgumentsForSuperType(TopLevelDecl super, DPreType s
         }
       }
 
+      if (sub.Decl is TypeParameter typeParameter) {
+        foreach (var preTypeBound in PreTypeResolver.TypeParameterBounds2PreTypes(typeParameter)) {
+          var arguments = GetTypeArgumentsForSuperType(super, preTypeBound, allowBaseTypeCast);
+          if (arguments != null) {
+            return arguments;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
       if (allowBaseTypeCast && sub.Decl is NewtypeDecl newtypeDecl) {
         var subst = PreType.PreTypeSubstMap(newtypeDecl.TypeArgs, sub.Arguments);
-        var basePreType = (DPreType)newtypeDecl.BasePreType.Substitute(subst);
-        var arguments = GetTypeArgumentsForSuperType(super, basePreType, true);
-        if (arguments != null) {
-          return arguments;
+        if (newtypeDecl.BasePreType.Substitute(subst) is DPreType basePreType) {
+          var arguments = GetTypeArgumentsForSuperType(super, basePreType, true);
+          if (arguments != null) {
+            return arguments;
+          }
         }
       }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.Expressions.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.Expressions.cs
index 33a7290cfe4..0c452ce41d3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.Expressions.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.Expressions.cs
@@ -27,656 +27,726 @@ public void ResolveExpression(Expression expr, ResolutionContext resolutionConte
         return;
       }
 
-      if (expr is ParensExpression) {
-        var e = (ParensExpression)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
-        e.ResolvedExpression = e.E;
-        e.PreType = e.E.PreType;
-
-      } else if (expr is ChainingExpression) {
-        var e = (ChainingExpression)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
-        e.ResolvedExpression = e.E;
-        e.PreType = e.E.PreType;
-
-      } else if (expr is NegationExpression) {
-        var e = (NegationExpression)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
-        e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("result of unary -");
-        AddSubtypeConstraint(e.PreType, e.E.PreType, e.E.tok,
-          $"type of argument to unary - ({{1}}) must agree with the result type ({{0}})");
-        AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.NumericOrBitvector, e.E.PreType, e.E.tok, "type of unary - must be of a numeric or bitvector type (instead got {0})");
-        // Note, e.ResolvedExpression will be filled in during CheckTypeInference, at which time e.PreType has been determined
-
-      } else if (expr is LiteralExpr) {
-        var e = (LiteralExpr)expr;
-
-        if (e is StaticReceiverExpr eStatic) {
-          resolver.ResolveType(eStatic.tok, eStatic.UnresolvedType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
-          eStatic.PreType = Type2PreType(eStatic.UnresolvedType, "static receiver type");
-        } else {
-          if (e.Value == null) {
-            e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("literal 'null'");
-            Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Object);
-            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.IsNullableRefType, e.PreType, e.tok, "type of 'null' is a reference type, but it is used as {0}");
-          } else if (e.Value is BigInteger) {
-            e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"integer literal '{e.Value}'");
-            Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Int);
-            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.IntOrBitvectorOrORDINAL, e.PreType, e.tok, "integer literal used as if it had type {0}");
-          } else if (e.Value is BaseTypes.BigDec) {
-            e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"real literal '{e.Value}'");
-            Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Real);
-            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InRealFamily, e.PreType, e.tok, "type of real literal is used as {0}"); // TODO: make this error message have the same form as the one for integers above
-          } else if (e.Value is bool) {
-            e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"boolean literal '{e.Value.ToString().ToLower()}'");
-            Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Bool);
-            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InBoolFamily, e.PreType, e.tok, "boolean literal used as if it had type {0}");
-          } else if (e is CharLiteralExpr) {
-            e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"character literal '{e.Value}'");
-            Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Char);
-            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InCharFamily, e.PreType, e.tok, "character literal used as if it had type {0}");
-          } else if (e is StringLiteralExpr) {
-            e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"string literal \"{e.Value}\"");
-            Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.String);
-            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InSeqFamily, e.PreType, e.tok, "string literal used as if it had type {0}");
-          } else {
-            Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected literal type
+      switch (expr) {
+        case ParensExpression expression: {
+            var e = expression;
+            ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
+            e.ResolvedExpression = e.E;
+            e.PreType = e.E.PreType;
+            break;
           }
-        }
-
-      } else if (expr is ThisExpr) {
-        if (!scope.AllowInstance) {
-          ReportError(expr, "'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context");
-        }
-        if (currentClass is DefaultClassDecl) {
-          // there's no type
-        } else if (currentClass == null) {
-          Contract.Assert(resolver.reporter.HasErrors);
-        } else {
-          var ty = ModuleResolver.GetThisType(expr.tok, currentClass);  // do this regardless of scope.AllowInstance, for better error reporting
-          expr.PreType = Type2PreType(ty, "type of 'this'");
-        }
-
-      } else if (expr is IdentifierExpr) {
-        var e = (IdentifierExpr)expr;
-        e.Var = scope.Find(e.Name);
-        if (e.Var != null) {
-          expr.PreType = e.Var.PreType;
-        } else {
-          ReportError(expr, "Identifier does not denote a local variable, parameter, or bound variable: {0}", e.Name);
-        }
+        case ChainingExpression expression: {
+            var e = expression;
+            ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
+            e.ResolvedExpression = e.E;
+            e.PreType = e.E.PreType;
+            break;
+          }
+        case NegationExpression expression: {
+            var e = expression;
+            ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
+            e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("result of unary -");
+            AddSubtypeConstraint(e.PreType, e.E.PreType, e.E.tok,
+              $"type of argument to unary - ({{1}}) must agree with the result type ({{0}})");
+            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.NumericOrBitvector, e.E.PreType, e.E.tok, "type of unary - must be of a numeric or bitvector type (instead got {0})");
+            // Note, e.ResolvedExpression will be filled in during CheckTypeInference, at which time e.PreType has been determined
+            break;
+          }
+        case LiteralExpr literalExpr: {
+            var e = literalExpr;
 
-      } else if (expr is DatatypeValue) {
-        var dtv = (DatatypeValue)expr;
-        if (!resolver.moduleInfo.TopLevels.TryGetValue(dtv.DatatypeName, out var decl)) {
-          ReportError(expr.tok, "Undeclared datatype: {0}", dtv.DatatypeName);
-        } else if (decl is AmbiguousTopLevelDecl) {
-          var ad = (AmbiguousTopLevelDecl)decl;
-          ReportError(expr.tok,
-            "The name {0} ambiguously refers to a type in one of the modules {1} (try qualifying the type name with the module name)",
-            dtv.DatatypeName, ad.ModuleNames());
-        } else if (decl is DatatypeDecl dtd) {
-          ResolveDatatypeValue(resolutionContext, dtv, dtd, null);
-        } else {
-          ReportError(expr.tok, "Expected datatype: {0}", dtv.DatatypeName);
-        }
+            if (e is StaticReceiverExpr eStatic) {
+              resolver.ResolveType(eStatic.tok, eStatic.UnresolvedType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+              eStatic.PreType = Type2PreType(eStatic.UnresolvedType, "static receiver type");
+            } else {
+              if (e.Value == null) {
+                e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("literal 'null'");
+                Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Object);
+                AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.IsNullableRefType, e.PreType, e.tok, "type of 'null' is a reference type, but it is used as {0}");
+              } else if (e.Value is BigInteger) {
+                e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"integer literal '{e.Value}'");
+                Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Int);
+                AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.IntOrBitvectorOrORDINAL, e.PreType, e.tok, "integer literal used as if it had type {0}");
+              } else if (e.Value is BaseTypes.BigDec) {
+                e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"real literal '{e.Value}'");
+                Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Real);
+                AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InRealFamily, e.PreType, e.tok, "type of real literal is used as {0}"); // TODO: make this error message have the same form as the one for integers above
+              } else if (e.Value is bool) {
+                e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"boolean literal '{e.Value.ToString().ToLower()}'");
+                Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Bool);
+                AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InBoolFamily, e.PreType, e.tok, "boolean literal used as if it had type {0}");
+              } else if (e is CharLiteralExpr) {
+                e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"character literal '{e.Value}'");
+                Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Char);
+                AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InCharFamily, e.PreType, e.tok, "character literal used as if it had type {0}");
+              } else if (e is StringLiteralExpr) {
+                e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"string literal \"{e.Value}\"");
+                Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.String);
+                AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InSeqFamily, e.PreType, e.tok, "string literal used as if it had type {0}");
+              } else {
+                Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected literal type
+              }
+            }
 
-      } else if (expr is DisplayExpression) {
-        var e = (DisplayExpression)expr;
-        var elementPreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("display expression element type");
-        foreach (var ee in e.Elements) {
-          ResolveExpression(ee, resolutionContext);
-          AddSubtypeConstraint(elementPreType, ee.PreType, ee.tok,
-            "All elements of display must have some common supertype (got {1}, but needed type or type of previous elements is {0})");
-        }
-        if (expr is SetDisplayExpr setDisplayExpr) {
-          var confirmationFamily = setDisplayExpr.Finite
-            ? PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InSetFamily
-            : PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InIsetFamily;
-          ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.SetTypeName(setDisplayExpr.Finite), "display", setDisplayExpr, elementPreType, confirmationFamily);
-        } else if (expr is MultiSetDisplayExpr multiSetDisplayExpr) {
-          ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.TypeNameMultiset, "display", e, elementPreType,
-            PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InMultisetFamily);
-        } else {
-          ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.TypeNameSeq, "display", e, elementPreType, PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InSeqFamily);
-        }
+            break;
+          }
+        case ThisExpr: {
+            if (!scope.AllowInstance) {
+              ReportError(expr, "'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context");
+            }
+            if (currentClass is DefaultClassDecl) {
+              // there's no type
+            } else if (currentClass == null) {
+              Contract.Assert(resolver.reporter.HasErrors);
+            } else {
+              var ty = ModuleResolver.GetThisType(expr.tok, currentClass);  // do this regardless of scope.AllowInstance, for better error reporting
+              expr.PreType = Type2PreType(ty, "type of 'this'");
+            }
 
-      } else if (expr is MapDisplayExpr) {
-        var e = (MapDisplayExpr)expr;
-        var domainPreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("map display expression domain type");
-        var rangePreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("map display expression range type");
-        foreach (ExpressionPair p in e.Elements) {
-          ResolveExpression(p.A, resolutionContext);
-          AddSubtypeConstraint(domainPreType, p.A.PreType, p.A.tok,
-            "All elements of display must have some common supertype (got {1}, but needed type or type of previous elements is {0})");
-          ResolveExpression(p.B, resolutionContext);
-          AddSubtypeConstraint(rangePreType, p.B.PreType, p.B.tok,
-            "All elements of display must have some common supertype (got {1}, but needed type or type of previous elements is {0})");
-        }
+            break;
+          }
+        case IdentifierExpr identifierExpr: {
+            var e = identifierExpr;
+            e.Var = scope.Find(e.Name);
+            if (e.Var != null) {
+              identifierExpr.PreType = e.Var.PreType;
+            } else {
+              ReportError(identifierExpr, "Identifier does not denote a local variable, parameter, or bound variable: {0}", e.Name);
+            }
 
-        ResolveMapProducingExpr(e.Finite, "display", expr, domainPreType, rangePreType);
+            break;
+          }
+        case DatatypeValue value: {
+            var dtv = value;
+            if (!resolver.moduleInfo.TopLevels.TryGetValue(dtv.DatatypeName, out var decl)) {
+              ReportError(value.tok, "Undeclared datatype: {0}", dtv.DatatypeName);
+            } else if (decl is AmbiguousTopLevelDecl) {
+              var ad = (AmbiguousTopLevelDecl)decl;
+              ReportError(value.tok,
+                "The name {0} ambiguously refers to a type in one of the modules {1} (try qualifying the type name with the module name)",
+                dtv.DatatypeName, ad.ModuleNames());
+            } else if (decl is DatatypeDecl dtd) {
+              ResolveDatatypeValue(resolutionContext, dtv, dtd, null);
+            } else {
+              ReportError(value.tok, "Expected datatype: {0}", dtv.DatatypeName);
+            }
 
-      } else if (expr is NameSegment) {
-        var e = (NameSegment)expr;
-        ResolveNameSegment(e, true, null, resolutionContext, false);
+            break;
+          }
+        case DisplayExpression expression: {
+            var e = expression;
+            var elementPreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("display expression element type");
+            foreach (var ee in e.Elements) {
+              ResolveExpression(ee, resolutionContext);
+              AddSubtypeConstraint(elementPreType, ee.PreType, ee.tok,
+                "All elements of display must have some common supertype (got {1}, but needed type or type of previous elements is {0})");
+            }
+            if (expression is SetDisplayExpr setDisplayExpr) {
+              var confirmationFamily = setDisplayExpr.Finite
+                ? PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InSetFamily
+                : PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InIsetFamily;
+              ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.SetTypeName(setDisplayExpr.Finite), "display", setDisplayExpr, elementPreType, confirmationFamily);
+            } else if (expression is MultiSetDisplayExpr multiSetDisplayExpr) {
+              ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.TypeNameMultiset, "display", e, elementPreType,
+                PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InMultisetFamily);
+            } else {
+              ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.TypeNameSeq, "display", e, elementPreType, PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InSeqFamily);
+            }
 
-        if (e.PreType is PreTypePlaceholderModule) {
-          ReportError(e.tok, "name of module ({0}) is used as a variable", e.Name);
-          ResetTypeAssignment(e); // the rest of type checking assumes actual types
-        } else if (e.PreType is PreTypePlaceholderType) {
-          ReportError(e.tok, "name of type ({0}) is used as a variable", e.Name);
-          ResetTypeAssignment(e); // the rest of type checking assumes actual types
-        }
+            break;
+          }
+        case MapDisplayExpr displayExpr: {
+            var e = displayExpr;
+            var domainPreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("map display expression domain type");
+            var rangePreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("map display expression range type");
+            foreach (ExpressionPair p in e.Elements) {
+              ResolveExpression(p.A, resolutionContext);
+              AddSubtypeConstraint(domainPreType, p.A.PreType, p.A.tok,
+                "All elements of display must have some common supertype (got {1}, but needed type or type of previous elements is {0})");
+              ResolveExpression(p.B, resolutionContext);
+              AddSubtypeConstraint(rangePreType, p.B.PreType, p.B.tok,
+                "All elements of display must have some common supertype (got {1}, but needed type or type of previous elements is {0})");
+            }
 
-      } else if (expr is ExprDotName) {
-        var e = (ExprDotName)expr;
-        ResolveDotSuffix(e, true, null, resolutionContext, false);
-        if (e.PreType is PreTypePlaceholderModule) {
-          ReportError(e.tok, "name of module ({0}) is used as a variable", e.SuffixName);
-          ResetTypeAssignment(e);  // the rest of type checking assumes actual types
-        } else if (e.PreType is PreTypePlaceholderType) {
-          ReportError(e.tok, "name of type ({0}) is used as a variable", e.SuffixName);
-          ResetTypeAssignment(e);  // the rest of type checking assumes actual types
-        }
+            ResolveMapProducingExpr(e.Finite, "display", displayExpr, domainPreType, rangePreType);
+            break;
+          }
+        case NameSegment segment: {
+            var e = segment;
+            ResolveNameSegment(e, true, null, resolutionContext, false);
+
+            if (e.PreType is PreTypePlaceholderModule) {
+              ReportError(e.tok, "name of module ({0}) is used as a variable", e.Name);
+              ResetTypeAssignment(e); // the rest of type checking assumes actual types
+            } else if (e.PreType is PreTypePlaceholderType) {
+              ReportError(e.tok, "name of type ({0}) is used as a variable", e.Name);
+              ResetTypeAssignment(e); // the rest of type checking assumes actual types
+            }
 
-      } else if (expr is ApplySuffix applySuffix) {
-        ResolveApplySuffix(applySuffix, resolutionContext, false);
+            break;
+          }
+        case ExprDotName name: {
+            var e = name;
+            ResolveDotSuffix(e, false, true, null, resolutionContext, false);
+            if (e.PreType is PreTypePlaceholderModule) {
+              ReportError(e.tok, "name of module ({0}) is used as a variable", e.SuffixName);
+              ResetTypeAssignment(e);  // the rest of type checking assumes actual types
+            } else if (e.PreType is PreTypePlaceholderType) {
+              ReportError(e.tok, "name of type ({0}) is used as a variable", e.SuffixName);
+              ResetTypeAssignment(e);  // the rest of type checking assumes actual types
+            }
 
-      } else if (expr is MemberSelectExpr) {
-        var e = (MemberSelectExpr)expr;
-        Contract.Assert(false); // this case is always handled by ResolveExprDotCall
+            break;
+          }
+        case ApplySuffix applySuffix:
+          ResolveApplySuffix(applySuffix, resolutionContext, false);
+          break;
+        case MemberSelectExpr selectExpr: {
+            var e = selectExpr;
+            Contract.Assert(false); // this case is always handled by ResolveExprDotCall
+            break;
+          }
+        case SeqSelectExpr selectExpr: {
+            var e = selectExpr;
 
-      } else if (expr is SeqSelectExpr) {
-        var e = (SeqSelectExpr)expr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.Seq, resolutionContext);
+            if (e.E0 != null) {
+              ResolveExpression(e.E0, resolutionContext);
+            }
+            if (e.E1 != null) {
+              ResolveExpression(e.E1, resolutionContext);
+            }
 
-        ResolveExpression(e.Seq, resolutionContext);
-        if (e.E0 != null) {
-          ResolveExpression(e.E0, resolutionContext);
-        }
-        if (e.E1 != null) {
-          ResolveExpression(e.E1, resolutionContext);
-        }
+            if (e.SelectOne) {
+              Contract.Assert(e.E0 != null);
+              Contract.Assert(e.E1 == null);
+              e.PreType = ResolveSingleSelectionExpr(e.tok, e.Seq.PreType, e.E0);
+            } else {
+              ResolveRangeSelectionExpr(e.tok, e.Seq.PreType, e, e.E0, e.E1);
+            }
 
-        if (e.SelectOne) {
-          Contract.Assert(e.E0 != null);
-          Contract.Assert(e.E1 == null);
-          e.PreType = ResolveSingleSelectionExpr(e.tok, e.Seq.PreType, e.E0);
-        } else {
-          ResolveRangeSelectionExpr(e.tok, e.Seq.PreType, e, e.E0, e.E1);
-        }
+            break;
+          }
+        case MultiSelectExpr selectExpr: {
+            var e = selectExpr;
+
+            ResolveExpression(e.Array, resolutionContext);
+            var elementPreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("multi-dim array select");
+            var arrayPreType = BuiltInArrayType(e.Indices.Count, elementPreType);
+            AddSubtypeConstraint(arrayPreType, e.Array.PreType, e.Array.tok, "array selection requires an {0} (got {1})");
+            int i = 0;
+            foreach (var indexExpression in e.Indices) {
+              ResolveExpression(indexExpression, resolutionContext);
+              ConstrainToIntFamilyOrBitvector(indexExpression.PreType, indexExpression.tok,
+                "array selection requires integer- or bitvector-based numeric indices (got {0} for index " + i + ")");
+              i++;
+            }
+            e.PreType = elementPreType;
+            break;
+          }
+        case SeqUpdateExpr updateExpr: {
+            var e = updateExpr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.Seq, resolutionContext);
+            ResolveExpression(e.Index, resolutionContext);
+            ResolveExpression(e.Value, resolutionContext);
+            Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
+              var ancestorPreType = e.Seq.PreType.NormalizeWrtScope() is not DPreType sourcePreType ? null : AncestorPreType(sourcePreType);
+              var familyDeclName = ancestorPreType?.Decl.Name;
+              if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameSeq) {
+                var elementPreType = ancestorPreType.Arguments[0];
+                ConstrainToIntFamilyOrBitvector(e.Index.PreType, e.Index.tok, "sequence update requires integer- or bitvector-based index (got {1})");
+                AddSubtypeConstraint(elementPreType, e.Value.PreType, e.Value.tok,
+                  "sequence update requires the value to have the element type of the sequence (got {1})");
+                return true;
+              } else if (familyDeclName is PreType.TypeNameMap or PreType.TypeNameImap) {
+                var domainPreType = ancestorPreType.Arguments[0];
+                var rangePreType = ancestorPreType.Arguments[1];
+                AddSubtypeConstraint(domainPreType, e.Index.PreType, e.Index.tok,
+                  familyDeclName + " update requires domain element to be of type {0} (got {1})");
+                AddSubtypeConstraint(rangePreType, e.Value.PreType, e.Value.tok,
+                  familyDeclName + " update requires the value to have the range type {0} (got {1})");
+                return true;
+              } else if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameMultiset) {
+                var elementPreType = ancestorPreType.Arguments[0];
+                AddSubtypeConstraint(elementPreType, e.Index.PreType, e.Index.tok,
+                  "multiset update requires domain element to be of type {0} (got {1})");
+                ConstrainToIntFamily(e.Value.PreType, e.Value.tok, "multiset update requires integer-based numeric value (got {0})");
+                return true;
+              } else if (familyDeclName != null) {
+                ReportError(expr.tok, "update requires a sequence, map, or multiset (got {0})", e.Seq.PreType);
+                return true;
+              }
+              return false;
+            });
 
-      } else if (expr is MultiSelectExpr) {
-        var e = (MultiSelectExpr)expr;
-
-        ResolveExpression(e.Array, resolutionContext);
-        var elementPreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("multi-dim array select");
-        var arrayPreType = BuiltInArrayType(e.Indices.Count, elementPreType);
-        AddSubtypeConstraint(arrayPreType, e.Array.PreType, e.Array.tok, "array selection requires an {0} (got {1})");
-        int i = 0;
-        foreach (var indexExpression in e.Indices) {
-          ResolveExpression(indexExpression, resolutionContext);
-          ConstrainToIntFamilyOrBitvector(indexExpression.PreType, indexExpression.tok,
-            "array selection requires integer- or bitvector-based numeric indices (got {0} for index " + i + ")");
-          i++;
-        }
-        e.PreType = elementPreType;
-
-      } else if (expr is SeqUpdateExpr) {
-        var e = (SeqUpdateExpr)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.Seq, resolutionContext);
-        ResolveExpression(e.Index, resolutionContext);
-        ResolveExpression(e.Value, resolutionContext);
-        Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
-          var sourcePreType = e.Seq.PreType.NormalizeWrtScope() as DPreType;
-          var ancestorPreType = sourcePreType == null ? null : AncestorPreType(sourcePreType);
-          var familyDeclName = ancestorPreType?.Decl.Name;
-          if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameSeq) {
-            var elementPreType = ancestorPreType.Arguments[0];
-            ConstrainToIntFamilyOrBitvector(e.Index.PreType, e.Index.tok, "sequence update requires integer- or bitvector-based index (got {1})");
-            AddSubtypeConstraint(elementPreType, e.Value.PreType, e.Value.tok,
-              "sequence update requires the value to have the element type of the sequence (got {1})");
-            return true;
-          } else if (familyDeclName is PreType.TypeNameMap or PreType.TypeNameImap) {
-            var domainPreType = ancestorPreType.Arguments[0];
-            var rangePreType = ancestorPreType.Arguments[1];
-            AddSubtypeConstraint(domainPreType, e.Index.PreType, e.Index.tok,
-              familyDeclName + " update requires domain element to be of type {0} (got {1})");
-            AddSubtypeConstraint(rangePreType, e.Value.PreType, e.Value.tok,
-              familyDeclName + " update requires the value to have the range type {0} (got {1})");
-            return true;
-          } else if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameMultiset) {
-            var elementPreType = ancestorPreType.Arguments[0];
-            AddSubtypeConstraint(elementPreType, e.Index.PreType, e.Index.tok,
-              "multiset update requires domain element to be of type {0} (got {1})");
-            ConstrainToIntFamily(e.Value.PreType, e.Value.tok, "multiset update requires integer-based numeric value (got {0})");
-            return true;
-          } else if (familyDeclName != null) {
-            ReportError(expr.tok, "update requires a sequence, map, or multiset (got {0})", e.Seq.PreType);
-            return true;
+            updateExpr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("result of _[_:=_]");
+            AddSubtypeConstraint(updateExpr.PreType, e.Seq.PreType, e.tok,
+              $"result of update expression must agree with the source type ({{0}})");
+            break;
           }
-          return false;
-        });
-        expr.PreType = e.Seq.PreType;
-
-      } else if (expr is DatatypeUpdateExpr) {
-        var e = (DatatypeUpdateExpr)expr;
-        // Resolve the root and all the updated-value expressions, since these may require lookups in the current local-variable scope
-        ResolveExpression(e.Root, resolutionContext);
-        expr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("datatype update");
-        foreach (var (_, _, updateExpr) in e.Updates) {
-          ResolveExpression(updateExpr, resolutionContext);
-        }
-        // Next, at a leisurely pace (that is, waiting until enough of the pre-type of .Root is known), resolve the update expression
-        // and desugar it into some kind of nested let expression.
-        Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
-          if (e.Root.PreType.NormalizeWrtScope() is DPreType tentativeRootPreType) {
-            if (tentativeRootPreType.Decl is DatatypeDecl datatypeDecl) {
-              var (ghostLet, compiledLet) = ResolveDatatypeUpdate(expr.tok, tentativeRootPreType, e.Root, datatypeDecl, e.Updates,
-                resolutionContext, out var members, out var legalSourceConstructors);
-              // if 'let' returns as 'null', an error has already been reported
-              if (ghostLet != null) {
-                e.ResolvedExpression = ghostLet;
-                e.ResolvedCompiledExpression = compiledLet;
-                e.Members = members;
-                e.LegalSourceConstructors = legalSourceConstructors;
-                Constraints.AddEqualityConstraint(expr.PreType, ghostLet.PreType, expr.tok,
-                  "result of datatype update expression of type '{1}' is used as if it were of type '{0}'");
-                if (ghostLet != compiledLet) {
-                  Constraints.AddEqualityConstraint(expr.PreType, compiledLet.PreType, expr.tok,
-                    "result of datatype update expression of type '{1}' is used as if it were of type '{0}'");
+        case DatatypeUpdateExpr datatypeUpdateExpr: {
+            var e = datatypeUpdateExpr;
+            // Resolve the root and all the updated-value expressions, since these may require lookups in the current local-variable scope
+            ResolveExpression(e.Root, resolutionContext);
+            datatypeUpdateExpr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("datatype update");
+            foreach (var (_, _, updateExpr) in e.Updates) {
+              ResolveExpression(updateExpr, resolutionContext);
+            }
+            //e.ResolvedExpression = e;
+            // Next, at a leisurely pace (that is, waiting until enough of the pre-type of .Root is known), resolve the update expression
+            // and desugar it into some kind of nested let expression.
+            Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
+              if (e.Root.PreType.NormalizeWrtScope() is DPreType tentativeRootPreType) {
+                if (tentativeRootPreType.Decl is DatatypeDecl datatypeDecl) {
+                  var (ghostLet, compiledLet) = ResolveDatatypeUpdate(expr.tok, tentativeRootPreType, e.Root, datatypeDecl, e.Updates,
+                    resolutionContext, out var members, out var legalSourceConstructors);
+                  // if 'let' returns as 'null', an error has already been reported
+                  if (ghostLet != null) {
+                    e.ResolvedExpression = ghostLet;
+                    e.ResolvedCompiledExpression = compiledLet;
+                    e.Members = members;
+                    e.LegalSourceConstructors = legalSourceConstructors;
+                    Constraints.AddEqualityConstraint(expr.PreType, ghostLet.PreType, expr.tok,
+                      "result of datatype update expression of type '{1}' is used as if it were of type '{0}'");
+                    if (ghostLet != compiledLet) {
+                      Constraints.AddEqualityConstraint(expr.PreType, compiledLet.PreType, expr.tok,
+                        "result of datatype update expression of type '{1}' is used as if it were of type '{0}'");
+                    }
+                  }
+                } else {
+                  ReportError(expr, "datatype update expression requires a root expression of a datatype (got {0})", tentativeRootPreType);
                 }
+                return true;
               }
-            } else {
-              ReportError(expr, "datatype update expression requires a root expression of a datatype (got {0})", tentativeRootPreType);
-            }
-            return true;
+              return false;
+            });
+            break;
           }
-          return false;
-        });
-
-      } else if (expr is FunctionCallExpr) {
-        Contract.Assert(false); // this case is always handled by ResolveExprDotCall
-
-      } else if (expr is ApplyExpr) {
-        var e = (ApplyExpr)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.Function, resolutionContext);
-        foreach (var arg in e.Args) {
-          ResolveExpression(arg, resolutionContext);
-        }
-        expr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("apply expression result");
+        case FunctionCallExpr:
+          Contract.Assert(false); // this case is always handled by ResolveExprDotCall
+          break;
+        case ApplyExpr applyExpr: {
+            var e = applyExpr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.Function, resolutionContext);
+            foreach (var arg in e.Args) {
+              ResolveExpression(arg, resolutionContext);
+            }
+            applyExpr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("apply expression result");
 
-        Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
-          if (e.Function.PreType.NormalizeWrtScope() is DPreType dp) {
-            if (!DPreType.IsArrowType(dp.Decl)) {
-              ReportError(e.tok, "non-function expression (of type {0}) is called with parameters", e.Function.PreType);
-            } else {
-              var arity = dp.Decl.TypeArgs.Count - 1;
-              if (arity != e.Args.Count) {
-                ReportError(e.tok,
-                  "wrong number of arguments to function application (function type '{0}' expects {1}, got {2})", e.Function.PreType,
-                  arity, e.Args.Count);
-              } else {
-                for (var i = 0; i < arity; i++) {
-                  AddSubtypeConstraint(dp.Arguments[i], e.Args[i].PreType, e.Args[i].tok,
-                    "type mismatch for argument" + (arity == 1 ? "" : " " + i) + " (function expects {0}, got {1})");
+            Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
+              if (e.Function.PreType.NormalizeWrtScope() is DPreType dp) {
+                if (!DPreType.IsArrowType(dp.Decl)) {
+                  ReportError(e.tok, "non-function expression (of type {0}) is called with parameters", e.Function.PreType);
+                } else {
+                  var arity = dp.Decl.TypeArgs.Count - 1;
+                  if (arity != e.Args.Count) {
+                    ReportError(e.tok,
+                      "wrong number of arguments to function application (function type '{0}' expects {1}, got {2})", e.Function.PreType,
+                      arity, e.Args.Count);
+                  } else {
+                    for (var i = 0; i < arity; i++) {
+                      AddSubtypeConstraint(dp.Arguments[i], e.Args[i].PreType, e.Args[i].tok,
+                        "type mismatch for argument" + (arity == 1 ? "" : " " + i) + " (function expects {0}, got {1})");
+                    }
+                    AddSubtypeConstraint(expr.PreType, dp.Arguments[arity], expr.tok, "function result '{1}' used as if it had type '{0}'");
+                  }
                 }
-                AddSubtypeConstraint(expr.PreType, dp.Arguments[arity], expr.tok, "function result '{1}' used as if it had type '{0}'");
+                return true;
               }
-            }
-            return true;
+              return false;
+            });
+            break;
           }
-          return false;
-        });
-
-      } else if (expr is SeqConstructionExpr) {
-        var e = (SeqConstructionExpr)expr;
-        var elementType = e.ExplicitElementType ?? new InferredTypeProxy();
-        resolver.ResolveType(e.tok, elementType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
-        var elementPreType = Type2PreType(elementType);
-        ResolveExpression(e.N, resolutionContext);
-        ConstrainToIntFamily(e.N.PreType, e.N.tok, "sequence construction must use an integer-based expression for the sequence size (got {0})");
-        ResolveExpression(e.Initializer, resolutionContext);
-        var intPreType = Type2PreType(resolver.SystemModuleManager.Nat());
-        var arrowPreType = new DPreType(BuiltInArrowTypeDecl(1), new List<PreType>() { intPreType, elementPreType });
-        Constraints.AddSubtypeConstraint(arrowPreType, e.Initializer.PreType, e.Initializer.tok,
-          () => {
-            var strFormat = "sequence-construction initializer expression expected to have type '{0}' (instead got '{1}')";
-            if (PreType.Same(elementPreType, e.Initializer.PreType)) {
-              var hintString = " (perhaps write '_ =>' in front of the expression you gave in order to make it an arrow type)";
-              strFormat += hintString;
-            }
-            return strFormat;
-          });
-        ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.TypeNameSeq, "constructor", expr, elementPreType, PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InSeqFamily);
-
-      } else if (expr is MultiSetFormingExpr) {
-        var e = (MultiSetFormingExpr)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
-        var targetElementPreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("multiset conversion element type");
-        Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
-          if (e.E.PreType.NormalizeWrtScope() is DPreType dp) {
-            var familyDeclName = AncestorName(dp);
-            if (familyDeclName is PreType.TypeNameSet or PreType.TypeNameSeq) {
-              var ancestorPreType = AncestorPreType(dp);
-              Contract.Assert(ancestorPreType.Arguments.Count == 1);
-              var sourceElementPreType = ancestorPreType.Arguments[0];
-              AddSubtypeConstraint(targetElementPreType, sourceElementPreType, e.E.tok, "expecting element type {0} (got {1})");
-            } else {
-              ReportError(e.E.tok, "can only form a multiset from a seq or set (got {0})", e.E.PreType);
-            }
-            return true;
+        case SeqConstructionExpr constructionExpr: {
+            var e = constructionExpr;
+            var elementType = e.ExplicitElementType ?? new InferredTypeProxy();
+            resolver.ResolveType(e.tok, elementType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+            var elementPreType = Type2PreType(elementType);
+            ResolveExpression(e.N, resolutionContext);
+            ConstrainToIntFamily(e.N.PreType, e.N.tok, "sequence construction must use an integer-based expression for the sequence size (got {0})");
+            ResolveExpression(e.Initializer, resolutionContext);
+            var intPreType = Type2PreType(resolver.SystemModuleManager.Nat());
+            var arrowPreType = new DPreType(BuiltInArrowTypeDecl(1), new List<PreType>() { intPreType, elementPreType });
+            Constraints.AddSubtypeConstraint(arrowPreType, e.Initializer.PreType, e.Initializer.tok,
+              () => {
+                var strFormat = "sequence-construction initializer expression expected to have type '{0}' (instead got '{1}')";
+                if (PreType.Same(elementPreType, e.Initializer.PreType)) {
+                  var hintString = " (perhaps write '_ =>' in front of the expression you gave in order to make it an arrow type)";
+                  strFormat += hintString;
+                }
+                return strFormat;
+              });
+            ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.TypeNameSeq, "constructor", constructionExpr, elementPreType, PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InSeqFamily);
+            break;
           }
-          return false;
-        });
-        ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.TypeNameMultiset, "conversion", expr, targetElementPreType,
-          PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InMultisetFamily);
-
-      } else if (expr is OldExpr) {
-        var e = (OldExpr)expr;
-        e.AtLabel = ResolveDominatingLabelInExpr(expr.tok, e.At, "old", resolutionContext);
-        ResolveExpression(e.E, new ResolutionContext(resolutionContext.CodeContext, false) with { InOld = true });
-        expr.PreType = e.E.PreType;
-
-      } else if (expr is UnchangedExpr) {
-        var e = (UnchangedExpr)expr;
-        e.AtLabel = ResolveDominatingLabelInExpr(expr.tok, e.At, "unchanged", resolutionContext);
-        foreach (var fe in e.Frame) {
-          ResolveFrameExpression(fe, FrameExpressionUse.Unchanged, resolutionContext.CodeContext);
-        }
-        ConstrainTypeExprBool(e, "result of 'unchanged' is boolean, but is used as if it had type {0}");
-
-      } else if (expr is FreshExpr) {
-        var e = (FreshExpr)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
-        e.AtLabel = ResolveDominatingLabelInExpr(expr.tok, e.At, "fresh", resolutionContext);
-        // the type of e.E must be either an object or a set/seq of objects
-        AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.Freshable, e.E.PreType, e.E.tok, "the argument of a fresh expression must denote an object or a set or sequence of objects (instead got {0})");
-        ConstrainTypeExprBool(e, "result of 'fresh' is boolean, but is used as if it had type {0}");
-
-      } else if (expr is UnaryOpExpr) {
-        var e = (UnaryOpExpr)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
-        switch (e.Op) {
-          case UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Not:
-            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.BooleanBits, e.E.PreType, expr.tok, "logical/bitwise negation expects a boolean or bitvector argument (instead got {0})");
-            expr.PreType = e.E.PreType;
-            Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Bool);
+        case MultiSetFormingExpr formingExpr: {
+            var e = formingExpr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
+            var targetElementPreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("multiset conversion element type");
+            Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
+              if (e.E.PreType.NormalizeWrtScope() is DPreType dp) {
+                var familyDeclName = AncestorName(dp);
+                if (familyDeclName is PreType.TypeNameSet or PreType.TypeNameSeq && AncestorPreType(dp) is { } ancestorPreType) {
+                  Contract.Assert(ancestorPreType.Arguments.Count == 1);
+                  var sourceElementPreType = ancestorPreType.Arguments[0];
+                  AddSubtypeConstraint(targetElementPreType, sourceElementPreType, e.E.tok, "expecting element type {0} (got {1})");
+                } else {
+                  ReportError(e.E.tok, "can only form a multiset from a seq or set (got {0})", e.E.PreType);
+                }
+                return true;
+              }
+              return false;
+            });
+            ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.TypeNameMultiset, "conversion", formingExpr, targetElementPreType,
+              PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InMultisetFamily);
             break;
-          case UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Cardinality:
-            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.Sizeable, e.E.PreType, expr.tok, "size operator expects a collection argument (instead got {0})");
-            expr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("cardinality");
-            ConstrainToIntFamily(expr.PreType, expr.tok, "integer literal used as if it had type {0}");
+          }
+        case OldExpr oldExpr: {
+            var e = oldExpr;
+            e.AtLabel = ResolveDominatingLabelInExpr(oldExpr.tok, e.At, "old", resolutionContext);
+            ResolveExpression(e.E, new ResolutionContext(resolutionContext.CodeContext, false) with { InOld = true });
+            oldExpr.PreType = e.E.PreType;
             break;
-          case UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Allocated:
-            // the argument is allowed to have any type at all
-            expr.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamily(expr.tok, "allocated", "boolean literal used as if it had type {0}");
-            if ((resolutionContext.CodeContext is Function && !resolutionContext.InOld) ||
-                resolutionContext.CodeContext is ConstantField ||
-                CodeContextWrapper.Unwrap(resolutionContext.CodeContext) is RedirectingTypeDecl) {
-              var declKind = CodeContextWrapper.Unwrap(resolutionContext.CodeContext) is RedirectingTypeDecl redir
-                ? redir.WhatKind
-                : ((MemberDecl)resolutionContext.CodeContext).WhatKind;
-              ReportError(expr, "a {0} definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references", declKind);
+          }
+        case UnchangedExpr unchangedExpr: {
+            var e = unchangedExpr;
+            e.AtLabel = ResolveDominatingLabelInExpr(unchangedExpr.tok, e.At, "unchanged", resolutionContext);
+            foreach (var fe in e.Frame) {
+              ResolveFrameExpression(fe, FrameExpressionUse.Unchanged, resolutionContext.CodeContext);
             }
+            ConstrainTypeExprBool(e, "result of 'unchanged' is boolean, but is used as if it had type {0}");
             break;
-          default:
-            Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected unary operator
-        }
+          }
+        case FreshExpr freshExpr: {
+            var e = freshExpr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
+            e.AtLabel = ResolveDominatingLabelInExpr(freshExpr.tok, e.At, "fresh", resolutionContext);
+            // the type of e.E must be either an object or a set/seq of objects
+            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.Freshable, e.E.PreType, e.E.tok, "the argument of a fresh expression must denote an object or a set or sequence of objects (instead got {0})");
+            ConstrainTypeExprBool(e, "result of 'fresh' is boolean, but is used as if it had type {0}");
+            break;
+          }
+        case UnaryOpExpr opExpr: {
+            var e = opExpr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
+            switch (e.Op) {
+              case UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Not:
+                AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.BooleanBits, e.E.PreType, opExpr.tok, "logical/bitwise negation expects a boolean or bitvector argument (instead got {0})");
+                opExpr.PreType = e.E.PreType;
+                Constraints.AddDefaultAdvice(e.PreType, CommonAdvice.Target.Bool);
+                break;
+              case UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Cardinality:
+                AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.Sizeable, e.E.PreType, opExpr.tok, "size operator expects a collection argument (instead got {0})");
+                opExpr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("cardinality");
+                ConstrainToIntFamily(opExpr.PreType, opExpr.tok, "integer literal used as if it had type {0}");
+                break;
+              case UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Allocated:
+                // the argument is allowed to have any type at all
+                opExpr.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamily(opExpr.tok, "allocated", "boolean literal used as if it had type {0}");
+                if ((resolutionContext.CodeContext is Function && !resolutionContext.InOld) ||
+                    resolutionContext.CodeContext is ConstantField ||
+                    CodeContextWrapper.Unwrap(resolutionContext.CodeContext) is RedirectingTypeDecl) {
+                  var declKind = CodeContextWrapper.Unwrap(resolutionContext.CodeContext) is RedirectingTypeDecl redir
+                    ? redir.WhatKind
+                    : ((MemberDecl)resolutionContext.CodeContext).WhatKind;
+                  ReportError(opExpr, "a {0} definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references", declKind);
+                }
+                break;
+              case UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Assigned:
+                // the argument is allowed to have any type at all
+                expr.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamily(expr.tok, "assigned", "boolean literal used as if it had type {0}");
+                break;
+              default:
+                Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected unary operator
+            }
 
-      } else if (expr is ConversionExpr) {
-        var e = (ConversionExpr)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
-        var prevErrorCount = ErrorCount;
-        resolver.ResolveType(e.tok, e.ToType, resolutionContext, new ModuleResolver.ResolveTypeOption(ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies), null);
-        if (ErrorCount == prevErrorCount) {
-          string errorMessageFormat;
-          var toPreType = (DPreType)Type2PreType(e.ToType);
-          var ancestorDecl = AncestorDecl(toPreType.Decl);
-          var familyDeclName = ancestorDecl.Name;
-          if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameInt) {
-            errorMessageFormat = "type conversion to an int-based type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got {1})";
-          } else if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameReal) {
-            errorMessageFormat = "type conversion to a real-based type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got {1})";
-          } else if (IsBitvectorName(familyDeclName)) {
-            errorMessageFormat = "type conversion to a bitvector-based type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got {1})";
-          } else if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameChar) {
-            errorMessageFormat = "type conversion to a char type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got {1})";
-          } else if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameORDINAL) {
-            errorMessageFormat = "type conversion to an ORDINAL type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got {1})";
-          } else if (DPreType.IsReferenceTypeDecl(ancestorDecl)) {
-            errorMessageFormat = "type cast to reference type '{0}' must be from an expression of a compatible type (got '{1}')";
-          } else if (ancestorDecl is TraitDecl) {
-            errorMessageFormat = "type cast to trait type '{0}' must be from an expression of a compatible type (got '{1}')";
-          } else {
-            errorMessageFormat = "type cast to type '{0}' must be from an expression of a compatible type (got '{1}')";
+            break;
           }
-          AddComparableConstraint(toPreType, e.E.PreType, expr.tok, true, errorMessageFormat);
-          e.PreType = toPreType;
-        } else {
-          e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("'as' target type");
-        }
+        case ConversionExpr conversionExpr: {
+            var e = conversionExpr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
+            var prevErrorCount = ErrorCount;
+            resolver.ResolveType(e.tok, e.ToType, resolutionContext, new ModuleResolver.ResolveTypeOption(ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies), null);
+            if (ErrorCount == prevErrorCount) {
+              var toPreType = Type2PreType(e.ToType);
+              var errorMessage = () => {
+                string errorMessageFormat;
+                if (toPreType.Normalize() is DPreType dtoPreType && AncestorPreType(dtoPreType)?.Decl is { } ancestorDecl) {
+                  var familyDeclName = ancestorDecl.Name;
+                  if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameInt) {
+                    errorMessageFormat = "type conversion to an int-based type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got {1})";
+                  } else if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameReal) {
+                    errorMessageFormat = "type conversion to a real-based type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got {1})";
+                  } else if (IsBitvectorName(familyDeclName)) {
+                    errorMessageFormat = "type conversion to a bitvector-based type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got {1})";
+                  } else if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameChar) {
+                    errorMessageFormat = "type conversion to a char type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got {1})";
+                  } else if (familyDeclName == PreType.TypeNameORDINAL) {
+                    errorMessageFormat = "type conversion to an ORDINAL type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got {1})";
+                  } else if (DPreType.IsReferenceTypeDecl(ancestorDecl)) {
+                    errorMessageFormat = "type cast to reference type '{0}' must be from an expression of a compatible type (got '{1}')";
+                  } else if (ancestorDecl is TraitDecl) {
+                    errorMessageFormat = "type cast to trait type '{0}' must be from an expression of a compatible type (got '{1}')";
+                  } else {
+                    errorMessageFormat = "type cast to type '{0}' must be from an expression of a compatible type (got '{1}')";
+                  }
+                } else {
+                  errorMessageFormat = "type conversion target type not determined (got '{0}')";
+                }
+                return string.Format(errorMessageFormat, toPreType, e.E.PreType);
+              };
+              AddComparableConstraint(toPreType, e.E.PreType, expr.tok, true, errorMessage);
+              e.PreType = toPreType;
+            } else {
+              e.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("'as' target type");
+            }
 
-      } else if (expr is TypeTestExpr) {
-        var e = (TypeTestExpr)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
-        expr.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamilyOperator(expr.tok, "is");
-        resolver.ResolveType(e.tok, e.ToType, resolutionContext, new ModuleResolver.ResolveTypeOption(ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies), null);
-        var toPreType = Type2PreType(e.ToType);
-        AddComparableConstraint(toPreType, e.E.PreType, expr.tok, true,
-          "type test for type '{0}' must be from an expression assignable to it (got '{1}')");
-
-      } else if (expr is BinaryExpr) {
-        var e = (BinaryExpr)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.E0, resolutionContext);
-        ResolveExpression(e.E1, resolutionContext);
-        expr.PreType = ResolveBinaryExpr(e.tok, e.Op, e.E0, e.E1, resolutionContext);
-
-      } else if (expr is TernaryExpr) {
-        var e = (TernaryExpr)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.E0, resolutionContext);
-        ResolveExpression(e.E1, resolutionContext);
-        ResolveExpression(e.E2, resolutionContext);
-        switch (e.Op) {
-          case TernaryExpr.Opcode.PrefixEqOp:
-          case TernaryExpr.Opcode.PrefixNeqOp:
-            expr.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamily(expr.tok, "ternary op", "boolean literal used as if it had type {0}");
-            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.IntOrORDINAL, e.E0.PreType, expr.tok, "prefix-equality limit argument must be an ORDINAL or integer expression (got {0})");
-            AddComparableConstraint(e.E1.PreType, e.E2.PreType, expr.tok, false,
-              "arguments must have the same type (got {0} and {1})");
-            AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.IsCoDatatype, e.E1.PreType, expr.tok, "arguments to prefix equality must be codatatypes (instead of {0})");
             break;
-          default:
-            Contract.Assert(false);  // unexpected ternary operator
+          }
+        case TypeTestExpr testExpr: {
+            var e = testExpr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
+            testExpr.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamilyOperator(testExpr.tok, "is");
+            resolver.ResolveType(e.tok, e.ToType, resolutionContext, new ModuleResolver.ResolveTypeOption(ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies), null);
+            var toPreType = Type2PreType(e.ToType);
+            AddComparableConstraint(toPreType, e.E.PreType, testExpr.tok, true,
+              "type test for type '{0}' must be from an expression assignable to it (got '{1}')");
+            break;
+          }
+        case BinaryExpr binaryExpr: {
+            var e = binaryExpr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.E0, resolutionContext);
+            ResolveExpression(e.E1, resolutionContext);
+            binaryExpr.PreType = ResolveBinaryExpr(e.tok, e.Op, e.E0, e.E1, resolutionContext);
             break;
-        }
-
-      } else if (expr is LetExpr) {
-        var e = (LetExpr)expr;
-        if (e.Exact) {
-          foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
-            int prevErrorCount = ErrorCount;
-            resolver.ResolveType(bv.Tok, bv.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
-            bv.PreType = Type2PreType(bv.Type);
-          }
-          foreach (var rhs in e.RHSs) {
-            ResolveExpression(rhs, resolutionContext);
-          }
-          scope.PushMarker();
-          if (e.LHSs.Count != e.RHSs.Count) {
-            ReportError(expr, "let expression must have same number of LHSs (found {0}) as RHSs (found {1})", e.LHSs.Count, e.RHSs.Count);
-          }
-          var i = 0;
-          foreach (var lhs in e.LHSs) {
-            var rhsPreType = i < e.RHSs.Count ? e.RHSs[i].PreType : CreatePreTypeProxy("let RHS");
-            ResolveCasePattern(lhs, rhsPreType, resolutionContext);
-            // Check for duplicate names now, because not until after resolving the case pattern do we know if identifiers inside it refer to bound variables or nullary constructors
-            var c = 0;
-            foreach (var v in lhs.Vars) {
-              ScopePushAndReport(v, "let-variable", false); // .PreType's already assigned by ResolveCasePattern
-              c++;
+          }
+        case TernaryExpr ternaryExpr: {
+            var e = ternaryExpr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.E0, resolutionContext);
+            ResolveExpression(e.E1, resolutionContext);
+            ResolveExpression(e.E2, resolutionContext);
+            switch (e.Op) {
+              case TernaryExpr.Opcode.PrefixEqOp:
+              case TernaryExpr.Opcode.PrefixNeqOp:
+                ternaryExpr.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamily(ternaryExpr.tok, "ternary op", "boolean literal used as if it had type {0}");
+                AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.IntOrORDINAL, e.E0.PreType, ternaryExpr.tok, "prefix-equality limit argument must be an ORDINAL or integer expression (got {0})");
+                AddComparableConstraint(e.E1.PreType, e.E2.PreType, ternaryExpr.tok, false,
+                  "arguments must have the same type (got {0} and {1})");
+                AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.IsCoDatatype, e.E1.PreType, ternaryExpr.tok, "arguments to prefix equality must be codatatypes (instead of {0})");
+                break;
+              default:
+                Contract.Assert(false);  // unexpected ternary operator
+                break;
             }
-            if (c == 0) {
-              // Every identifier-looking thing in the pattern resolved to a constructor; that is, this LHS is a constant literal
-              ReportError(lhs.tok, "LHS is a constant literal; to be legal, it must introduce at least one bound variable");
+
+            break;
+          }
+        case LetExpr letExpr: {
+            var e = letExpr;
+            if (e.Exact) {
+              foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
+                int prevErrorCount = ErrorCount;
+                resolver.ResolveType(bv.Tok, bv.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+                bv.PreType = Type2PreType(bv.Type);
+              }
+              foreach (var rhs in e.RHSs) {
+                ResolveExpression(rhs, resolutionContext);
+              }
+              scope.PushMarker();
+              if (e.LHSs.Count != e.RHSs.Count) {
+                ReportError(letExpr, "let expression must have same number of LHSs (found {0}) as RHSs (found {1})", e.LHSs.Count, e.RHSs.Count);
+              }
+              var i = 0;
+              foreach (var lhs in e.LHSs) {
+                var rhsPreType = i < e.RHSs.Count ? e.RHSs[i].PreType : CreatePreTypeProxy("let RHS");
+                ResolveCasePattern(lhs, rhsPreType, resolutionContext);
+                // Check for duplicate names now, because not until after resolving the case pattern do we know if identifiers inside it refer to bound variables or nullary constructors
+                var c = 0;
+                foreach (var v in lhs.Vars) {
+                  ScopePushAndReport(v, "let-variable", false); // .PreType's already assigned by ResolveCasePattern
+                  c++;
+                }
+                if (c == 0) {
+                  // Every identifier-looking thing in the pattern resolved to a constructor; that is, this LHS is a constant literal
+                  ReportError(lhs.tok, "LHS is a constant literal; to be legal, it must introduce at least one bound variable");
+                }
+                i++;
+              }
+            } else {
+              // let-such-that expression
+              if (e.RHSs.Count != 1) {
+                ReportError(letExpr, "let-such-that expression must have just one RHS (found {0})", e.RHSs.Count);
+              }
+              // the bound variables are in scope in the RHS of a let-such-that expression
+              scope.PushMarker();
+              foreach (var lhs in e.LHSs) {
+                Contract.Assert(lhs.Var != null);  // the parser already checked that every LHS is a BoundVar, not a general pattern
+                var v = lhs.Var;
+                resolver.ResolveType(v.tok, v.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+                v.PreType = Type2PreType(v.Type);
+                ScopePushAndReport(v, "let-variable", false);
+                lhs.AssembleExprPreType(null);
+              }
+              foreach (var rhs in e.RHSs) {
+                ResolveExpression(rhs, resolutionContext);
+                ConstrainExpressionToBoolFamily(rhs, "type of RHS of let-such-that expression must be boolean (got {0})");
+              }
             }
-            i++;
+            ResolveExpression(e.Body, resolutionContext);
+            ResolveAttributes(e, resolutionContext, false);
+            scope.PopMarker();
+            letExpr.PreType = e.Body.PreType;
+            break;
           }
-        } else {
-          // let-such-that expression
-          if (e.RHSs.Count != 1) {
-            ReportError(expr, "let-such-that expression must have just one RHS (found {0})", e.RHSs.Count);
-          }
-          // the bound variables are in scope in the RHS of a let-such-that expression
-          scope.PushMarker();
-          foreach (var lhs in e.LHSs) {
-            Contract.Assert(lhs.Var != null);  // the parser already checked that every LHS is a BoundVar, not a general pattern
-            var v = lhs.Var;
-            resolver.ResolveType(v.tok, v.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
-            v.PreType = Type2PreType(v.Type);
-            ScopePushAndReport(v, "let-variable", false);
-            lhs.AssembleExprPreType(null);
-          }
-          foreach (var rhs in e.RHSs) {
-            ResolveExpression(rhs, resolutionContext);
-            ConstrainExpressionToBoolFamily(rhs, "type of RHS of let-such-that expression must be boolean (got {0})");
+        case LetOrFailExpr failExpr: {
+            var e = failExpr;
+            e.ResolvedExpression = DesugarElephantExpr(e, resolutionContext);
+            ResolveExpression(e.ResolvedExpression, resolutionContext);
+            e.PreType = e.ResolvedExpression.PreType;
+            Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
+              if (e.Rhs.PreType.NormalizeWrtScope() is DPreType receiverPreType) {
+                bool expectExtract = e.Lhs != null;
+                EnsureSupportsErrorHandling(e.tok, receiverPreType, expectExtract, resolutionContext, null);
+                return true;
+              }
+              return false;
+            });
+            break;
           }
-        }
-        ResolveExpression(e.Body, resolutionContext);
-        ResolveAttributes(e, resolutionContext, false);
-        scope.PopMarker();
-        expr.PreType = e.Body.PreType;
-
-      } else if (expr is LetOrFailExpr) {
-        var e = (LetOrFailExpr)expr;
-        e.ResolvedExpression = DesugarElephantExpr(e, resolutionContext);
-        ResolveExpression(e.ResolvedExpression, resolutionContext);
-        e.PreType = e.ResolvedExpression.PreType;
-        Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
-          if (e.Rhs.PreType.NormalizeWrtScope() is DPreType receiverPreType) {
-            bool expectExtract = e.Lhs != null;
-            EnsureSupportsErrorHandling(e.tok, receiverPreType, expectExtract, resolutionContext, null);
-            return true;
+        case QuantifierExpr quantifierExpr: {
+            var e = quantifierExpr;
+            if (resolutionContext.CodeContext is Function enclosingFunction) {
+              enclosingFunction.ContainsQuantifier = true;
+            }
+            Contract.Assert(e.SplitQuantifier == null); // No split quantifiers during resolution
+            scope.PushMarker();
+            foreach (var v in e.BoundVars) {
+              resolver.ResolveType(v.tok, v.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+              ScopePushAndReport(v, "bound-variable", true);
+            }
+            if (e.Range != null) {
+              ResolveExpression(e.Range, resolutionContext);
+              ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.Range, "range of quantifier must be of type bool (instead got {0})");
+            }
+            ResolveExpression(e.Term, resolutionContext);
+            ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.Term, "body of quantifier must be of type bool (instead got {0})");
+            // Since the body is more likely to infer the types of the bound variables, resolve it
+            // first (above) and only then resolve the attributes (below).
+            ResolveAttributes(e, resolutionContext, false);
+            scope.PopMarker();
+            quantifierExpr.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamilyOperator(quantifierExpr.tok, e.WhatKind);
+            break;
           }
-          return false;
-        });
+        case SetComprehension comprehension: {
+            var e = comprehension;
+            scope.PushMarker();
+            foreach (var v in e.BoundVars) {
+              resolver.ResolveType(v.tok, v.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+              ScopePushAndReport(v, "bound-variable", true);
+            }
+            ResolveExpression(e.Range, resolutionContext);
+            ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.Range, "range of comprehension must be of type bool (instead got {0})");
+            ResolveExpression(e.Term, resolutionContext);
 
-      } else if (expr is QuantifierExpr) {
-        var e = (QuantifierExpr)expr;
-        if (resolutionContext.CodeContext is Function enclosingFunction) {
-          enclosingFunction.ContainsQuantifier = true;
-        }
-        Contract.Assert(e.SplitQuantifier == null); // No split quantifiers during resolution
-        scope.PushMarker();
-        foreach (var v in e.BoundVars) {
-          resolver.ResolveType(v.tok, v.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
-          ScopePushAndReport(v, "bound-variable", true);
-        }
-        if (e.Range != null) {
-          ResolveExpression(e.Range, resolutionContext);
-          ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.Range, "range of quantifier must be of type bool (instead got {0})");
-        }
-        ResolveExpression(e.Term, resolutionContext);
-        ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.Term, "body of quantifier must be of type bool (instead got {0})");
-        // Since the body is more likely to infer the types of the bound variables, resolve it
-        // first (above) and only then resolve the attributes (below).
-        ResolveAttributes(e, resolutionContext, false);
-        scope.PopMarker();
-        expr.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamilyOperator(expr.tok, e.WhatKind);
-
-      } else if (expr is SetComprehension) {
-        var e = (SetComprehension)expr;
-        scope.PushMarker();
-        foreach (var v in e.BoundVars) {
-          resolver.ResolveType(v.tok, v.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
-          ScopePushAndReport(v, "bound-variable", true);
-        }
-        ResolveExpression(e.Range, resolutionContext);
-        ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.Range, "range of comprehension must be of type bool (instead got {0})");
-        ResolveExpression(e.Term, resolutionContext);
-
-        ResolveAttributes(e, resolutionContext, false);
-        scope.PopMarker();
-
-        ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.SetTypeName(e.Finite), "comprehension", expr, e.Term.PreType,
-          e.Finite ? PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InSetFamily : PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InIsetFamily);
-
-      } else if (expr is MapComprehension) {
-        var e = (MapComprehension)expr;
-        scope.PushMarker();
-        Contract.Assert(e.BoundVars.Count == 1 || (1 < e.BoundVars.Count && e.TermLeft != null));
-        foreach (BoundVar v in e.BoundVars) {
-          resolver.ResolveType(v.tok, v.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
-          ScopePushAndReport(v, "bound-variable", true);
-        }
-        ResolveExpression(e.Range, resolutionContext);
-        ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.Range, "range of comprehension must be of type bool (instead got {0})");
-        if (e.TermLeft != null) {
-          ResolveExpression(e.TermLeft, resolutionContext);
-        }
-        ResolveExpression(e.Term, resolutionContext);
+            ResolveAttributes(e, resolutionContext, false);
+            scope.PopMarker();
 
-        ResolveAttributes(e, resolutionContext, false);
-        scope.PopMarker();
+            ResolveCollectionProducingExpr(PreType.SetTypeName(e.Finite), "comprehension", comprehension, e.Term.PreType,
+              e.Finite ? PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InSetFamily : PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag.InIsetFamily);
+            break;
+          }
+        case MapComprehension comprehension: {
+            var e = comprehension;
+            scope.PushMarker();
+            Contract.Assert(e.BoundVars.Count == 1 || (1 < e.BoundVars.Count && e.TermLeft != null));
+            foreach (BoundVar v in e.BoundVars) {
+              resolver.ResolveType(v.tok, v.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+              ScopePushAndReport(v, "bound-variable", true);
+            }
+            ResolveExpression(e.Range, resolutionContext);
+            ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.Range, "range of comprehension must be of type bool (instead got {0})");
+            if (e.TermLeft != null) {
+              ResolveExpression(e.TermLeft, resolutionContext);
+            }
+            ResolveExpression(e.Term, resolutionContext);
 
-        ResolveMapProducingExpr(e.Finite, "comprehension", expr, e.TermLeft?.PreType ?? e.BoundVars[0].PreType, e.Term.PreType);
+            ResolveAttributes(e, resolutionContext, false);
+            scope.PopMarker();
 
-      } else if (expr is LambdaExpr) {
-        var e = (LambdaExpr)expr;
-        scope.PushMarker();
-        foreach (var v in e.BoundVars) {
-          resolver.ResolveType(v.tok, v.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
-          ScopePushAndReport(v, "bound-variable", true);
-        }
+            ResolveMapProducingExpr(e.Finite, "comprehension", comprehension, e.TermLeft?.PreType ?? e.BoundVars[0].PreType, e.Term.PreType);
+            break;
+          }
+        case LambdaExpr lambdaExpr: {
+            var e = lambdaExpr;
+            scope.PushMarker();
+            foreach (var v in e.BoundVars) {
+              resolver.ResolveType(v.tok, v.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+              ScopePushAndReport(v, "bound-variable", true);
+            }
 
-        if (e.Range != null) {
-          ResolveExpression(e.Range, resolutionContext);
-          ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.Range, "precondition must be boolean (got {0})");
-        }
-        foreach (var read in e.Reads.Expressions) {
-          ResolveFrameExpression(read, FrameExpressionUse.Reads, resolutionContext.CodeContext);
-        }
-        ResolveExpression(e.Term, resolutionContext);
-        scope.PopMarker();
-        expr.PreType = BuiltInArrowType(e.BoundVars.ConvertAll(v => v.PreType), e.Body.PreType);
-
-      } else if (expr is WildcardExpr) {
-        var obj = new DPreType(BuiltInTypeDecl(PreType.TypeNameObjectQ), new List<PreType>() { });
-        expr.PreType = new DPreType(BuiltInTypeDecl(PreType.TypeNameSet), new List<PreType>() { obj });
-
-      } else if (expr is StmtExpr) {
-        var e = (StmtExpr)expr;
-        int prevErrorCount = ErrorCount;
-        ResolveStatement(e.S, resolutionContext);
-        if (ErrorCount == prevErrorCount) {
-          if (e.S is UpdateStmt updateStmt && updateStmt.ResolvedStatements.Count == 1) {
-            var call = (CallStmt)updateStmt.ResolvedStatements[0];
-            if (call.Method is TwoStateLemma && !resolutionContext.IsTwoState) {
-              ReportError(call, "two-state lemmas can only be used in two-state contexts");
+            if (e.Range != null) {
+              ResolveExpression(e.Range, resolutionContext);
+              ConstrainTypeExprBool(e.Range, "precondition must be boolean (got {0})");
             }
+            foreach (var read in e.Reads.Expressions) {
+              ResolveFrameExpression(read, FrameExpressionUse.Reads, resolutionContext.CodeContext);
+            }
+            ResolveExpression(e.Term, resolutionContext);
+            scope.PopMarker();
+            lambdaExpr.PreType = BuiltInArrowType(e.BoundVars.ConvertAll(v => v.PreType), e.Body.PreType);
+            break;
           }
-        }
-        ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
-        expr.PreType = e.E.PreType;
-
-      } else if (expr is ITEExpr) {
-        var e = (ITEExpr)expr;
-        ResolveExpression(e.Test, resolutionContext);
-        ResolveExpression(e.Thn, resolutionContext);
-        ResolveExpression(e.Els, resolutionContext);
-        e.Test.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamily(e.Test.tok, "if-then-else test", "guard condition in if-then-else expression must be a boolean (instead got {0})");
-        expr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("if-then-else branches");
-        AddSubtypeConstraint(expr.PreType, e.Thn.PreType, expr.tok, "the two branches of an if-then-else expression must have the same type (got {0} and {1})");
-        AddSubtypeConstraint(expr.PreType, e.Els.PreType, expr.tok, "the two branches of an if-then-else expression must have the same type (got {0} and {1})");
-
-      } else if (expr is NestedMatchExpr) {
-        var e = (NestedMatchExpr)expr;
-        ResolveNestedMatchExpr(e, resolutionContext);
-
-      } else if (expr is MatchExpr) {
-        Contract.Assert(false); // this case is always handled via NestedMatchExpr
+        case WildcardExpr: {
+            var obj = new DPreType(BuiltInTypeDecl(PreType.TypeNameObjectQ), new List<PreType>() { });
+            expr.PreType = new DPreType(BuiltInTypeDecl(PreType.TypeNameSet), new List<PreType>() { obj });
+            break;
+          }
+        case StmtExpr stmtExpr: {
+            var e = stmtExpr;
+            int prevErrorCount = ErrorCount;
+            ResolveStatement(e.S, resolutionContext);
+            if (ErrorCount == prevErrorCount) {
+              if (e.S is UpdateStmt updateStmt && updateStmt.ResolvedStatements.Count == 1) {
+                var call = (CallStmt)updateStmt.ResolvedStatements[0];
+                if (call.Method is TwoStateLemma && !resolutionContext.IsTwoState) {
+                  ReportError(call, "two-state lemmas can only be used in two-state contexts");
+                }
+              }
+            }
+            ResolveExpression(e.E, resolutionContext);
+            stmtExpr.PreType = e.E.PreType;
+            break;
+          }
+        case ITEExpr iteExpr: {
+            var e = iteExpr;
+            ResolveExpression(e.Test, resolutionContext);
+            ResolveExpression(e.Thn, resolutionContext);
+            ResolveExpression(e.Els, resolutionContext);
+            e.Test.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamily(e.Test.tok, "if-then-else test", "guard condition in if-then-else expression must be a boolean (instead got {0})");
+            iteExpr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("if-then-else branches");
+            AddSubtypeConstraint(iteExpr.PreType, e.Thn.PreType, iteExpr.tok, "the two branches of an if-then-else expression must have the same type (got {0} and {1})");
+            AddSubtypeConstraint(iteExpr.PreType, e.Els.PreType, iteExpr.tok, "the two branches of an if-then-else expression must have the same type (got {0} and {1})");
+            break;
+          }
+        case DecreasesToExpr decreasesToExpr: {
+            foreach (var e in decreasesToExpr.SubExpressions) {
+              ResolveExpression(e, resolutionContext);
+            }
 
-      } else {
-        Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected expression
+            decreasesToExpr.PreType = ConstrainResultToBoolFamilyOperator(decreasesToExpr.tok, "decreasesto");
+            break;
+          }
+
+        case NestedMatchExpr matchExpr: {
+            var e = matchExpr;
+            ResolveNestedMatchExpr(e, resolutionContext);
+            break;
+          }
+        case MatchExpr:
+          Contract.Assert(false); // this case is always handled via NestedMatchExpr
+          break;
+        default:
+          Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected expression
       }
 
       if (expr.PreType == null) {
@@ -703,7 +773,7 @@ private void ResolveMapProducingExpr(bool finite, string exprKindSuffix, Express
     }
 
     private void SetupCollectionProducingExpr(string typeName, string exprKind, Expression expr, PreType elementPreType, PreType valuePreType = null) {
-      expr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy($"{exprKind}");
+      expr.PreType = CreatePreTypeProxy(exprKind);
 
       var arguments = valuePreType == null ? new List<PreType>() { elementPreType } : new List<PreType>() { elementPreType, valuePreType };
       var defaultType = new DPreType(BuiltInTypeDecl(typeName), arguments);
@@ -1030,7 +1100,10 @@ private void ConstrainOperandTypes(IToken tok, string opString, Expression e0, E
 
       var dReceiver = Constraints.ApproximateReceiverType(receiverPreType, memberName);
       if (dReceiver == null) {
-        ReportError(tok, "type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point");
+        if (reportErrorOnMissingMember) {
+          ReportError(tok, "type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point");
+        }
+
         return (null, null);
       }
 
@@ -1062,8 +1135,8 @@ private void ConstrainOperandTypes(IToken tok, string opString, Expression e0, E
 
     private void ReportMemberNotFoundError(IToken tok, string memberName, [CanBeNull] Dictionary<string, MemberDecl> members,
       TopLevelDecl receiverDecl, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
-      if (memberName.StartsWith(RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix)) {
-        var nameToBeRevealed = memberName[RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix.Length..];
+      if (memberName.StartsWith(HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix)) {
+        var nameToBeRevealed = memberName[HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix.Length..];
         if (members == null) {
           if (receiverDecl is TopLevelDeclWithMembers receiverDeclWithMembers) {
             // try this instead:
@@ -1071,9 +1144,9 @@ private void ReportMemberNotFoundError(IToken tok, string memberName, [CanBeNull
           }
         }
         if (members == null) {
-          ReportError(tok, $"member '{nameToBeRevealed}' does not exist in {receiverDecl.WhatKind} '{receiverDecl.Name}'");
+          ReportError(tok, $"member '{nameToBeRevealed}' does not exist in {receiverDecl.WhatKindAndName}");
         } else if (!members.TryGetValue(nameToBeRevealed, out var member)) {
-          ReportError(tok, $"member '{nameToBeRevealed}' does not exist in {receiverDecl.WhatKind} '{receiverDecl.Name}'");
+          ReportError(tok, $"member '{nameToBeRevealed}' does not exist in {receiverDecl.WhatKindAndName}");
         } else if (member is not (ConstantField or Function)) {
           Contract.Assert(!member.IsOpaque);
           ReportError(tok,
@@ -1082,12 +1155,12 @@ private void ReportMemberNotFoundError(IToken tok, string memberName, [CanBeNull
           ReportError(tok, $"{member.WhatKind} '{nameToBeRevealed}' cannot be revealed, because it is not opaque");
         } else if (member is Function { Body: null }) {
           ReportError(tok,
-            $"{member.WhatKind} '{nameToBeRevealed}' cannot be revealed, because it has no body in {receiverDecl.WhatKind} '{receiverDecl.Name}'");
+            $"{member.WhatKind} '{nameToBeRevealed}' cannot be revealed, because it has no body in {receiverDecl.WhatKindAndName}");
         } else {
           ReportError(tok, $"cannot reveal '{nameToBeRevealed}'");
         }
       } else {
-        ReportError(tok, $"member '{memberName}' does not exist in {receiverDecl.WhatKind} '{receiverDecl.Name}'");
+        ReportError(tok, $"member '{memberName}' does not exist in {receiverDecl.WhatKindAndName}");
       }
     }
 
@@ -1118,7 +1191,7 @@ private void ReportMemberNotFoundError(IToken tok, string memberName, [CanBeNull
     /// <param name="specialOpaqueHackAllowance">If "true", treats an expression "f" where "f" is an instance function, as "this.f", even though
     /// there is no "this" in scope. This seems like a terrible hack, because it breaks scope invariants about the AST. But, for now, it's here
     /// to mimic what the legacy resolver does.</param>
-    Expression ResolveNameSegment(NameSegment expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<ActualBinding> args,
+    public Expression ResolveNameSegment(NameSegment expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<ActualBinding> args,
       ResolutionContext resolutionContext, bool allowMethodCall, bool complain = true, bool specialOpaqueHackAllowance = false) {
       Contract.Requires(expr != null);
       Contract.Requires(!expr.WasResolved());
@@ -1139,7 +1212,7 @@ Expression ResolveNameSegment(NameSegment expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<Act
       // For 2 and 5:
       Tuple<DatatypeCtor, bool> pair;
 
-      var name = resolutionContext.InReveal ? RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + expr.Name : expr.Name;
+      var name = resolutionContext.InReveal ? HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + expr.Name : expr.Name;
       var v = scope.Find(name);
       if (v != null) {
         // ----- 0. local variable, parameter, or bound variable
@@ -1263,7 +1336,7 @@ Expression ResolveNameSegment(NameSegment expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<Act
 
     private void ReportUnresolvedIdentifierError(IToken tok, string name, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
       if (resolutionContext.InReveal) {
-        var nameToReport = name.StartsWith(RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix) ? name[RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix.Length..] : name;
+        var nameToReport = name.StartsWith(HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix) ? name[HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix.Length..] : name;
         ReportError(tok,
           "cannot reveal '{0}' because no revealable constant, function, assert label, or requires label in the current scope is named '{0}'",
           nameToReport);
@@ -1373,7 +1446,7 @@ private bool ResolveDatatypeConstructor(NameSegment expr, List<ActualBinding>/*?
     /// <param name="resolutionContext"></param>
     /// <param name="allowMethodCall">If false, generates an error if the name denotes a method. If true and the name denotes a method, returns
     /// a Resolver_MethodCall.</param>
-    Expression ResolveDotSuffix(ExprDotName expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<ActualBinding> args, ResolutionContext resolutionContext, bool allowMethodCall) {
+    public Expression ResolveDotSuffix(ExprDotName expr, bool allowStaticReferenceToInstance, bool isLastNameSegment, List<ActualBinding> args, ResolutionContext resolutionContext, bool allowMethodCall) {
       Contract.Requires(expr != null);
       Contract.Requires(!expr.WasResolved());
       Contract.Requires(resolutionContext != null);
@@ -1385,7 +1458,7 @@ Expression ResolveDotSuffix(ExprDotName expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<Actua
       if (expr.Lhs is NameSegment) {
         ResolveNameSegment((NameSegment)expr.Lhs, false, null, nonRevealOpts, false);
       } else if (expr.Lhs is ExprDotName) {
-        ResolveDotSuffix((ExprDotName)expr.Lhs, false, null, nonRevealOpts, false);
+        ResolveDotSuffix((ExprDotName)expr.Lhs, false, false, null, nonRevealOpts, false);
       } else {
         ResolveExpression(expr.Lhs, nonRevealOpts);
       }
@@ -1399,9 +1472,9 @@ Expression ResolveDotSuffix(ExprDotName expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<Actua
       Expression r = null;  // the resolved expression, if successful
       Expression rWithArgs = null;  // the resolved expression after incorporating "args"
 
-      var name = resolutionContext.InReveal ? RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + expr.SuffixName : expr.SuffixName;
-      var lhs = expr.Lhs.Resolved;
-      if (lhs != null && lhs.PreType is PreTypePlaceholderModule) {
+      var name = resolutionContext.InReveal ? HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + expr.SuffixName : expr.SuffixName;
+      var lhs = expr.Lhs.Resolved ?? expr.Lhs; // Sometimes resolution comes later, but pre-types have already been set
+      if (lhs is { PreType: PreTypePlaceholderModule }) {
         var ri = (Resolver_IdentifierExpr)lhs;
         var sig = ((ModuleDecl)ri.Decl).AccessibleSignature(false);
         sig = ModuleResolver.GetSignatureExt(sig);
@@ -1459,7 +1532,7 @@ Expression ResolveDotSuffix(ExprDotName expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<Actua
           ReportUnresolvedIdentifierError(expr.tok, name, resolutionContext);
         }
 
-      } else if (lhs != null && lhs.PreType is PreTypePlaceholderType) {
+      } else if (lhs is { PreType: PreTypePlaceholderType }) {
         var ri = (Resolver_IdentifierExpr)lhs;
         // ----- 3. Look up name in type
         // expand any synonyms
@@ -1488,7 +1561,7 @@ Expression ResolveDotSuffix(ExprDotName expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<Actua
             if (!resolver.VisibleInScope(member)) {
               ReportError(expr.tok, $"member '{name}' has not been imported in this scope and cannot be accessed here");
             }
-            if (!member.IsStatic) {
+            if (!member.IsStatic && !allowStaticReferenceToInstance) {
               ReportError(expr.tok, $"accessing member '{name}' requires an instance expression"); //TODO Unify with similar error messages
               // nevertheless, continue creating an expression that approximates a correct one
             }
@@ -1503,18 +1576,22 @@ Expression ResolveDotSuffix(ExprDotName expr, bool isLastNameSegment, List<Actua
 
       } else if (lhs != null) {
         // ----- 4. Look up name in the type of the Lhs
-        var (member, tentativeReceiverPreType) = FindMember(expr.tok, expr.Lhs.PreType, name, resolutionContext);
+        var (member, tentativeReceiverPreType) = FindMember(expr.tok, expr.Lhs.PreType, name, resolutionContext,
+          expr.Lhs.Resolved != null);
         if (member != null) {
           if (!member.IsStatic) {
             var receiver = expr.Lhs;
-            AddSubtypeConstraint(tentativeReceiverPreType, receiver.PreType, expr.tok, $"receiver type ({{1}}) does not have a member named '{name}'");
-            r = ResolveExprDotCall(expr.tok, receiver, tentativeReceiverPreType, member, args, expr.OptTypeArguments, resolutionContext, allowMethodCall);
+            AddSubtypeConstraint(tentativeReceiverPreType, receiver.PreType, expr.tok,
+              $"receiver type ({{1}}) does not have a member named '{name}'");
+            r = ResolveExprDotCall(expr.tok, receiver, tentativeReceiverPreType, member, args, expr.OptTypeArguments,
+              resolutionContext, allowMethodCall);
           } else {
             var receiver = new StaticReceiverExpr(expr.tok, new InferredTypeProxy(), true) {
-              PreType = tentativeReceiverPreType,
+              PreType = tentativeReceiverPreType.SansPrintablePreType(),
               ObjectToDiscard = lhs
             };
-            r = ResolveExprDotCall(expr.tok, receiver, null, member, args, expr.OptTypeArguments, resolutionContext, allowMethodCall);
+            r = ResolveExprDotCall(expr.tok, receiver, null, member, args, expr.OptTypeArguments, resolutionContext,
+              allowMethodCall);
           }
         }
       }
@@ -1548,12 +1625,12 @@ Expression ResolveExprDotCall(IToken tok, Expression receiver, DPreType receiver
       // Now, fill in rr.PreType.  This requires taking into consideration the type parameters passed to the receiver's type as well as any type
       // parameters used in this NameSegment/ExprDotName.
       // Add to "subst" the type parameters given to the member's class/datatype
-      rr.PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = new List<PreType>();
-      rr.PreTypeApplication_JustMember = new List<PreType>();
+      rr.PreTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = new List<PreType>();
+      rr.PreTypeApplicationJustMember = new List<PreType>();
       var rType = receiverPreTypeBound;
       var subst = PreType.PreTypeSubstMap(rType.Decl.TypeArgs, rType.Arguments);
       Contract.Assert(member.EnclosingClass != null);
-      rr.PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.AddRange(rType.AsParentType(member.EnclosingClass, this).Arguments);
+      rr.PreTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.AddRange(rType.AsParentType(member.EnclosingClass, this).Arguments);
 
       if (member is Field field) {
         if (optTypeArguments != null) {
@@ -1569,7 +1646,7 @@ Expression ResolveExprDotCall(IToken tok, Expression receiver, DPreType receiver
         if (optTypeArguments != null) {
           if (suppliedTypeArguments == function.TypeArgs.Count) {
             // preserve the given types in the resolved MemberSelectExpr
-            rr.TypeApplication_JustMember = optTypeArguments;
+            rr.TypeApplicationJustMember = optTypeArguments;
           } else {
             ReportError(tok, "function '{0}' expects {1} type argument{2} (got {3})",
               member.Name, function.TypeArgs.Count, Util.Plural(function.TypeArgs.Count), suppliedTypeArguments);
@@ -1578,11 +1655,12 @@ Expression ResolveExprDotCall(IToken tok, Expression receiver, DPreType receiver
         for (int i = 0; i < function.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
           var ta = i < suppliedTypeArguments ? Type2PreType(optTypeArguments[i]) :
             CreatePreTypeProxy($"function call to {function.Name}, type argument {i}");
-          rr.PreTypeApplication_JustMember.Add(ta);
+          rr.PreTypeApplicationJustMember.Add(ta);
           subst.Add(function.TypeArgs[i], ta);
         }
         subst = BuildPreTypeArgumentSubstitute(subst, receiverPreTypeBound);
-        var inParamTypes = function.Formals.ConvertAll(f => f.PreType.Substitute(subst));
+        AddTypeBoundConstraints(tok, function.TypeArgs, subst);
+        var inParamTypes = function.Ins.ConvertAll(f => f.PreType.Substitute(subst));
         var resultType = Type2PreType(function.ResultType).Substitute(subst);
         rr.PreType = BuiltInArrowType(inParamTypes, resultType);
       } else {
@@ -1591,12 +1669,13 @@ Expression ResolveExprDotCall(IToken tok, Expression receiver, DPreType receiver
         if (!allowMethodCall) {
           // it's a method and method calls are not allowed in the given resolutionContext
           ReportError(tok, "expression is not allowed to invoke a {0} ({1})", member.WhatKind, member.Name);
+          return null;
         }
         int suppliedTypeArguments = optTypeArguments == null ? 0 : optTypeArguments.Count;
         if (optTypeArguments != null) {
           if (suppliedTypeArguments == method.TypeArgs.Count) {
             // preserve the given types in the resolved MemberSelectExpr
-            rr.TypeApplication_JustMember = optTypeArguments;
+            rr.TypeApplicationJustMember = optTypeArguments;
           } else {
             ReportError(tok, "method '{0}' expects {1} type argument{2} (got {3})",
               member.Name, method.TypeArgs.Count, Util.Plural(method.TypeArgs.Count), suppliedTypeArguments);
@@ -1605,14 +1684,27 @@ Expression ResolveExprDotCall(IToken tok, Expression receiver, DPreType receiver
         for (int i = 0; i < method.TypeArgs.Count; i++) {
           var ta = i < suppliedTypeArguments ? Type2PreType(optTypeArguments[i]) :
             CreatePreTypeProxy($"method call to {method.Name}, type argument {i}");
-          rr.PreTypeApplication_JustMember.Add(ta);
+          rr.PreTypeApplicationJustMember.Add(ta);
           subst.Add(method.TypeArgs[i], ta);
         }
-        rr.PreType = new UnusedPreType($"call to {method.WhatKind} {method.Name}");  // fill in this field, in order to make "rr" resolved
+        subst = BuildPreTypeArgumentSubstitute(subst, receiverPreTypeBound);
+        AddTypeBoundConstraints(tok, method.TypeArgs, subst);
+        rr.PreType = new MethodPreType($"call to {method.WhatKind} {method.Name}");  // fill in this field, in order to make "rr" resolved
       }
       return rr;
     }
 
+    void AddTypeBoundConstraints(IToken tok, List<TypeParameter> typeParameters, Dictionary<TypeParameter, PreType> subst) {
+      foreach (var typeParameter in typeParameters) {
+        foreach (var preTypeBound in TypeParameterBounds2PreTypes(typeParameter)) {
+          var preTypeBoundWithSubst = preTypeBound.Substitute(subst);
+          var actualPreType = subst[typeParameter];
+          AddSubtypeConstraint(preTypeBoundWithSubst, actualPreType, tok,
+            $"actual type argument '{{1}}' for formal type parameter '{typeParameter.Name}' must satisfy the type bound '{{0}}'");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     public MethodCallInformation ResolveApplySuffix(ApplySuffix e, ResolutionContext resolutionContext, bool allowMethodCall) {
       Contract.Requires(e != null);
       Contract.Requires(resolutionContext != null);
@@ -1628,7 +1720,7 @@ public MethodCallInformation ResolveApplySuffix(ApplySuffix e, ResolutionContext
         r = ResolveNameSegment((NameSegment)e.Lhs, true, e.Bindings.ArgumentBindings, resolutionContext, allowMethodCall);
         // note, if r is non-null, then e.Args have been resolved and r is a resolved expression that incorporates e.Args
       } else if (e.Lhs is ExprDotName) {
-        r = ResolveDotSuffix((ExprDotName)e.Lhs, true, e.Bindings.ArgumentBindings, resolutionContext, allowMethodCall);
+        r = ResolveDotSuffix((ExprDotName)e.Lhs, false, true, e.Bindings.ArgumentBindings, resolutionContext, allowMethodCall);
         // note, if r is non-null, then e.Args have been resolved and r is a resolved expression that incorporates e.Args
       } else {
         ResolveExpression(e.Lhs, resolutionContext);
@@ -1639,7 +1731,7 @@ public MethodCallInformation ResolveApplySuffix(ApplySuffix e, ResolutionContext
       }
       Label atLabel = null;
       if (e.AtTok != null) {
-        atLabel = dominatingStatementLabels.Find(e.AtTok.val);
+        atLabel = DominatingStatementLabels.Find(e.AtTok.val);
         if (atLabel == null) {
           ReportError(e.AtTok, "no label '{0}' in scope at this time", e.AtTok.val);
         }
@@ -1661,17 +1753,17 @@ public MethodCallInformation ResolveApplySuffix(ApplySuffix e, ResolutionContext
             // resolve as a FunctionCallExpr instead of as an ApplyExpr(MemberSelectExpr)
             var rr = new FunctionCallExpr(e.Lhs.tok, callee.Name, mse.Obj, e.tok, e.CloseParen, e.Bindings, atLabel) {
               Function = callee,
-              PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = mse.PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass,
-              PreTypeApplication_JustFunction = mse.PreTypeApplication_JustMember
+              PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = mse.PreTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass,
+              PreTypeApplication_JustFunction = mse.PreTypeApplicationJustMember
             };
             var typeMap = mse.PreTypeArgumentSubstitutionsAtMemberDeclaration();
             var preTypeMap = BuildPreTypeArgumentSubstitute(
                 typeMap.Keys.ToDictionary(tp => tp, tp => typeMap[tp]));
-            ResolveActualParameters(rr.Bindings, callee.Formals, e.tok, callee, resolutionContext, preTypeMap, callee.IsStatic ? null : mse.Obj);
+            ResolveActualParameters(rr.Bindings, callee.Ins, e.tok, callee, resolutionContext, preTypeMap, callee.IsStatic ? null : mse.Obj);
             rr.PreType = Type2PreType(callee.ResultType).Substitute(preTypeMap);
             if (errorCount == ErrorCount) {
               Contract.Assert(!(mse.Obj is StaticReceiverExpr) || callee.IsStatic);  // this should have been checked already
-              Contract.Assert(callee.Formals.Count == rr.Args.Count);  // this should have been checked already
+              Contract.Assert(callee.Ins.Count == rr.Args.Count);  // this should have been checked already
             }
             // further bookkeeping
             if (callee is ExtremePredicate) {
@@ -2056,8 +2148,7 @@ PreType ResolveSingleSelectionExpr(IToken tok, PreType collectionPreType, Expres
       var resultPreType = CreatePreTypeProxy("selection []");
       Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => {
         var sourcePreType = Constraints.ApproximateReceiverType(collectionPreType, null);
-        if (sourcePreType != null) {
-          var ancestorPreType = AncestorPreType(sourcePreType);
+        if (sourcePreType != null && AncestorPreType(sourcePreType) is { } ancestorPreType) {
           var familyDeclName = ancestorPreType.Decl.Name;
           switch (familyDeclName) {
             case PreType.TypeNameArray:
@@ -2110,7 +2201,7 @@ void ResolveRangeSelectionExpr(IToken tok, PreType sourceCollectionPreType, Expr
                 "resulting sequence ({0}) type does not agree with source sequence type ({1})");
               break;
             case PreType.TypeNameArray:
-              AddSubtypeConstraint(resultElementPreType, AncestorPreType(sourcePreType).Arguments[0], tok,
+              AddSubtypeConstraint(resultElementPreType, AncestorPreType(sourcePreType)!.Arguments[0], tok,
                 "type does not agree with element type {1} (got {0})");
               break;
             default:
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.Statements.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.Statements.cs
index 6b204f89f9b..8992a33b3d1 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.Statements.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.Statements.cs
@@ -13,14 +13,9 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
   public partial class PreTypeResolver : INewOrOldResolver {
-    private Scope<Statement> enclosingStatementLabels;
-    private readonly Scope<Label> dominatingStatementLabels;
-    public Scope<Label> DominatingStatementLabels => dominatingStatementLabels;
+    public Scope<Label> DominatingStatementLabels { get; }
 
-    public Scope<Statement> EnclosingStatementLabels {
-      get => enclosingStatementLabels;
-      set => enclosingStatementLabels = value;
-    }
+    public Scope<Statement> EnclosingStatementLabels { get; set; }
 
     public List<Statement> LoopStack {
       get => loopStack;
@@ -30,7 +25,7 @@ public List<Statement> LoopStack {
     private List<Statement> loopStack = new();  // the enclosing loops (from which it is possible to break out)
     bool inBodyInitContext;  // "true" only if "currentMethod is Constructor"
 
-    void ResolveBlockStatement(BlockStmt blockStmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
+    public void ResolveBlockStatement(BlockStmt blockStmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
       Contract.Requires(blockStmt != null);
       Contract.Requires(resolutionContext != null);
 
@@ -53,7 +48,7 @@ void ResolveBlockStatement(BlockStmt blockStmt, ResolutionContext resolutionCont
       }
     }
 
-    void ResolveStatementWithLabels(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
+    public void ResolveStatementWithLabels(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
       Contract.Requires(stmt != null);
       Contract.Requires(resolutionContext != null);
 
@@ -70,10 +65,10 @@ void ResolveStatementWithLabels(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionCont
         } else {
           var r = EnclosingStatementLabels.Push(lnode.Name, stmt);
           Contract.Assert(r == Scope<Statement>.PushResult.Success);  // since we just checked for duplicates, we expect the Push to succeed
-          if (dominatingStatementLabels.Find(lnode.Name) != null) {
+          if (DominatingStatementLabels.Find(lnode.Name) != null) {
             ReportError(lnode.Tok, "label shadows a dominating label");
           } else {
-            var rr = dominatingStatementLabels.Push(lnode.Name, lnode);
+            var rr = DominatingStatementLabels.Push(lnode.Name, lnode);
             Contract.Assert(rr == Scope<Label>.PushResult.Success);  // since we just checked for duplicates, we expect the Push to succeed
           }
         }
@@ -91,7 +86,7 @@ void ResolveStatementWithLabels(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionCont
       if (!resolutionContext.IsTwoState) {
         ReportError(tok, $"{expressionDescription} expressions are not allowed in this context");
       } else if (labelName != null) {
-        label = dominatingStatementLabels.Find(labelName);
+        label = DominatingStatementLabels.Find(labelName);
         if (label == null) {
           ReportError(tok, $"no label '{labelName}' in scope at this time");
         }
@@ -117,52 +112,8 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
           ResolveExpression(e, resolutionContext);
         }
 
-      } else if (stmt is RevealStmt) {
-        var s = (RevealStmt)stmt;
-        foreach (var expr in s.Exprs) {
-          var name = RevealStmt.SingleName(expr);
-          var labeledAssert = name == null ? null : dominatingStatementLabels.Find(name) as AssertLabel;
-          if (labeledAssert != null) {
-            s.LabeledAsserts.Add(labeledAssert);
-          } else {
-            var revealResolutionContext = resolutionContext with { InReveal = true };
-            if (expr is ApplySuffix applySuffix) {
-              var methodCallInfo = ResolveApplySuffix(applySuffix, revealResolutionContext, true);
-              if (methodCallInfo == null) {
-                // error has already been reported
-              } else if (methodCallInfo.Callee.Member is TwoStateLemma && !revealResolutionContext.IsTwoState) {
-                ReportError(methodCallInfo.Tok, "a two-state function can only be revealed in a two-state context");
-              } else if (methodCallInfo.Callee.AtLabel != null) {
-                Contract.Assert(methodCallInfo.Callee.Member is TwoStateLemma);
-                ReportError(methodCallInfo.Tok, "to reveal a two-state function, do not list any parameters or @-labels");
-              } else {
-                var call = new CallStmt(s.RangeToken, new List<Expression>(), methodCallInfo.Callee, methodCallInfo.ActualParameters);
-                s.ResolvedStatements.Add(call);
-              }
-            } else if (expr is NameSegment or ExprDotName) {
-              if (expr is NameSegment) {
-                ResolveNameSegment((NameSegment)expr, true, null, revealResolutionContext, true);
-              } else {
-                ResolveDotSuffix((ExprDotName)expr, true, null, revealResolutionContext, true);
-              }
-              var callee = (MemberSelectExpr)((ConcreteSyntaxExpression)expr).ResolvedExpression;
-              if (callee == null) {
-              } else if (callee.Member is Lemma or TwoStateLemma && Attributes.Contains(callee.Member.Attributes, "axiom")) {
-                //The revealed member is a function
-                ReportError(callee.tok, "to reveal a function ({0}), append parentheses", callee.Member.ToString().Substring(7));
-              } else {
-                var call = new CallStmt(s.RangeToken, new List<Expression>(), callee, new List<ActualBinding>(), expr.tok);
-                s.ResolvedStatements.Add(call);
-              }
-            } else {
-              ResolveExpression(expr, revealResolutionContext);
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        foreach (var a in s.ResolvedStatements) {
-          ResolveStatement(a, resolutionContext);
-        }
-
+      } else if (stmt is HideRevealStmt hideRevealStmt) {
+        hideRevealStmt.Resolve(this, resolutionContext);
       } else if (stmt is BreakStmt) {
         var s = (BreakStmt)stmt;
         if (s.TargetLabel != null) {
@@ -227,7 +178,7 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
                 ident.PreType = Type2PreType(ident.Var.Type);
                 produceLhs = ident;
               } else {
-                var yieldIdent = new MemberSelectExpr(f.tok, new ImplicitThisExpr(f.tok), f.Name);
+                var yieldIdent = new ExprDotName(f.tok, new ImplicitThisExpr(f.tok), f.Name, null);
                 ResolveExpression(yieldIdent, resolutionContext);
                 produceLhs = yieldIdent;
               }
@@ -249,8 +200,8 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
         var s = (VarDeclPattern)stmt;
         foreach (var local in s.LocalVars) {
           int prevErrorCount = ErrorCount;
-          resolver.ResolveType(local.Tok, local.OptionalType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
-          local.type = ErrorCount == prevErrorCount ? local.type = local.OptionalType : new InferredTypeProxy();
+          resolver.ResolveType(local.Tok, local.SyntacticType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+          local.type = ErrorCount == prevErrorCount ? local.type = local.SyntacticType : new InferredTypeProxy();
           local.PreType = Type2PreType(local.type);
         }
         ResolveExpression(s.RHS, resolutionContext);
@@ -301,8 +252,8 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
           var rr = (TypeRhs)s.Rhs;
           ResolveTypeRhs(rr, stmt, resolutionContext);
           AddSubtypeConstraint(lhsPreType, rr.PreType, stmt.Tok, "type {1} is not assignable to LHS (of type {0})");
-        } else if (s.Rhs is HavocRhs) {
-          // nothing else to do
+        } else if (s.Rhs is HavocRhs havocRhs) {
+          havocRhs.Resolve(this, resolutionContext);
         } else {
           Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected RHS
         }
@@ -315,41 +266,22 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
         ResolveBlockStatement(blockStmt, resolutionContext);
         scope.PopMarker();
 
-      } else if (stmt is IfStmt) {
-        var s = (IfStmt)stmt;
-        if (s.Guard != null) {
-          ResolveExpression(s.Guard, resolutionContext);
-          ConstrainTypeExprBool(s.Guard, "condition is expected to be of type bool, but is {0}");
-        }
-
-        scope.PushMarker();
-        if (s.IsBindingGuard) {
-          var exists = (ExistsExpr)s.Guard;
-          foreach (var v in exists.BoundVars) {
-            ScopePushAndReport(v, "bound-variable", false);
-          }
-        }
-        dominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
-        ResolveBlockStatement(s.Thn, resolutionContext);
-        dominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
-        scope.PopMarker();
-
-        if (s.Els != null) {
-          dominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
-          ResolveStatement(s.Els, resolutionContext);
-          dominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
-        }
-
+      } else if (stmt is IfStmt ifStmt) {
+        ifStmt.Resolve(this, resolutionContext);
       } else if (stmt is AlternativeStmt) {
         var s = (AlternativeStmt)stmt;
-        ResolveAlternatives(s.Alternatives, null, resolutionContext);
+        s.Resolve(this, resolutionContext);
 
       } else if (stmt is OneBodyLoopStmt oneBodyLoopStmt) {
         ResolveOneBodyLoopStmt(oneBodyLoopStmt, resolutionContext);
 
       } else if (stmt is AlternativeLoopStmt) {
         var s = (AlternativeLoopStmt)stmt;
-        ResolveAlternatives(s.Alternatives, s, resolutionContext);
+        if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
+          Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_case_based_loop_forbidden, s.Tok,
+            "case-based loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+        }
+        AlternativeStmt.ResolveAlternatives(this, s.Alternatives, s, resolutionContext);
         ResolveLoopSpecificationComponents(s.Invariants, s.Decreases, s.Mod, resolutionContext);
 
       } else if (stmt is ForallStmt) {
@@ -440,6 +372,12 @@ public void ResolveStatement(Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionContext
         }
 
       } else if (stmt is ModifyStmt modifyStmt) {
+        if (modifyStmt.Body == null) {
+          if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
+            Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_bodyless_modify_statement_forbidden,
+              modifyStmt.Tok, "modify statement without a body forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+          }
+        }
         ResolveAttributes(modifyStmt.Mod, resolutionContext, false);
         foreach (FrameExpression fe in modifyStmt.Mod.Expressions) {
           ResolveFrameExpression(fe, FrameExpressionUse.Modifies, resolutionContext.CodeContext);
@@ -473,11 +411,18 @@ private void ResolveOneBodyLoopStmt(OneBodyLoopStmt s, ResolutionContext resolut
       Contract.Requires(s != null);
       Contract.Requires(resolutionContext != null);
 
-      if (s is WhileStmt whileS && whileS.Guard != null) {
-        ResolveExpression(whileS.Guard, resolutionContext);
-        ConstrainTypeExprBool(whileS.Guard, "condition is expected to be of type bool, but is {0}");
-
-      } else if (s is ForLoopStmt forS) {
+      if (s is WhileStmt whileS) {
+        if (whileS.Guard != null) {
+          ResolveExpression(whileS.Guard, resolutionContext);
+          ConstrainTypeExprBool(whileS.Guard, "condition is expected to be of type bool, but is {0}");
+        } else {
+          if (!resolutionContext.IsGhost && Options.ForbidNondeterminism) {
+            Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_non_deterministic_loop_forbidden, s.Tok,
+              "nondeterministic loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (s is ForLoopStmt forS) {
         var loopIndex = forS.LoopIndex;
         resolver.ResolveType(loopIndex.tok, loopIndex.Type, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
         loopIndex.PreType = Type2PreType(loopIndex.Type);
@@ -511,9 +456,9 @@ private void ResolveOneBodyLoopStmt(OneBodyLoopStmt s, ResolutionContext resolut
 
       if (s.Body != null) {
         loopStack.Add(s); // push
-        dominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
+        DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
         ResolveStatement(s.Body, resolutionContext);
-        dominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
+        DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
         loopStack.RemoveAt(loopStack.Count - 1); // pop
       }
 
@@ -560,9 +505,9 @@ private void ResolveCalc(CalcStmt s, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
         loopStack = new List<Statement>();
         foreach (var h in s.Hints) {
           foreach (var oneHint in h.Body) {
-            dominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
+            DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
             ResolveStatement(oneHint, resolutionContext);
-            dominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
+            DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
           }
         }
         EnclosingStatementLabels = prevLblStmts;
@@ -616,8 +561,8 @@ private void ResolveConcreteUpdateStmt(ConcreteUpdateStatement update, List<Loca
         // Add the locals to the scope
         foreach (var local in locals) {
           int prevErrorCount = ErrorCount;
-          resolver.ResolveType(local.Tok, local.OptionalType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
-          local.type = ErrorCount == prevErrorCount ? local.OptionalType : new InferredTypeProxy();
+          resolver.ResolveType(local.Tok, local.SyntacticType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
+          local.type = ErrorCount == prevErrorCount ? local.SyntacticType : new InferredTypeProxy();
           ScopePushAndReport(local, "local-variable", true);
         }
         // With the new locals in scope, it's now time to resolve the attributes on all the locals
@@ -670,7 +615,8 @@ void ResolveAssignmentRhs(AssignmentRhs rhs, Statement enclosingStmt, Resolution
     /// errorCountBeforeCheckingStmt is passed in so that this method can determine if any resolution errors were found during
     /// LHS or RHS checking, because only if no errors were found is update.ResolvedStmt changed.
     /// </summary>
-    private void ResolveUpdateStmt(UpdateStmt update, ResolutionContext resolutionContext, int errorCountBeforeCheckingStmt) {
+    private void ResolveUpdateStmt(UpdateStmt update, ResolutionContext resolutionContext,
+      int errorCountBeforeCheckingStmt) {
       Contract.Requires(update != null);
       Contract.Requires(resolutionContext != null);
       IToken firstEffectfulRhs = null;
@@ -692,6 +638,7 @@ private void ResolveUpdateStmt(UpdateStmt update, ResolutionContext resolutionCo
             isEffectful = false;
           }
         }
+
         if (isEffectful && firstEffectfulRhs == null) {
           firstEffectfulRhs = rhs.Tok;
         }
@@ -699,13 +646,17 @@ private void ResolveUpdateStmt(UpdateStmt update, ResolutionContext resolutionCo
         ResolveAttributes(rhs, resolutionContext, false);
       }
 
+      // resolve proof
+      ModuleResolver.ResolveByProof(this, update.Proof, resolutionContext);
+
       // figure out what kind of UpdateStmt this is
       if (firstEffectfulRhs == null) {
         if (update.Lhss.Count == 0) {
-          Contract.Assert(update.Rhss.Count == 1);  // guaranteed by the parser
+          Contract.Assert(update.Rhss.Count == 1); // guaranteed by the parser
           ReportError(update, "expected method call, found expression");
         } else if (update.Lhss.Count != update.Rhss.Count) {
-          ReportError(update, "the number of left-hand sides ({0}) and right-hand sides ({1}) must match for a multi-assignment",
+          ReportError(update,
+            "the number of left-hand sides ({0}) and right-hand sides ({1}) must match for a multi-assignment",
             update.Lhss.Count, update.Rhss.Count);
         } else if (ErrorCount == errorCountBeforeCheckingStmt) {
           // add the statements here in a sequence, but don't use that sequence later for translation (instead, should translate properly as multi-assignment)
@@ -718,7 +669,8 @@ private void ResolveUpdateStmt(UpdateStmt update, ResolutionContext resolutionCo
       } else if (update.CanMutateKnownState) {
         if (1 < update.Rhss.Count) {
           ReportError(firstEffectfulRhs, "cannot have effectful parameter in multi-return statement.");
-        } else { // it might be ok, if it is a TypeRhs
+        } else {
+          // it might be ok, if it is a TypeRhs
           Contract.Assert(update.Rhss.Count == 1);
           if (methodCallInfo != null) {
             ReportError(methodCallInfo.Tok, "cannot have method call in return statement.");
@@ -738,12 +690,16 @@ private void ResolveUpdateStmt(UpdateStmt update, ResolutionContext resolutionCo
       } else {
         // if there was an effectful RHS, that must be the only RHS
         if (update.Rhss.Count != 1) {
-          ReportError(firstEffectfulRhs, "an update statement is allowed an effectful RHS only if there is just one RHS");
+          ReportError(firstEffectfulRhs,
+            "an update statement is allowed an effectful RHS only if there is just one RHS");
         } else if (methodCallInfo == null) {
           // must be a single TypeRhs
           if (update.Lhss.Count != 1) {
-            Contract.Assert(2 <= update.Lhss.Count);  // the parser allows 0 Lhss only if the whole statement looks like an expression (not a TypeRhs)
-            ReportError(update.Lhss[1].tok, "the number of left-hand sides ({0}) and right-hand sides ({1}) must match for a multi-assignment",
+            Contract.Assert(2 <=
+                            update.Lhss
+                              .Count); // the parser allows 0 Lhss only if the whole statement looks like an expression (not a TypeRhs)
+            ReportError(update.Lhss[1].tok,
+              "the number of left-hand sides ({0}) and right-hand sides ({1}) must match for a multi-assignment",
               update.Lhss.Count, update.Rhss.Count);
           } else if (ErrorCount == errorCountBeforeCheckingStmt) {
             var a = new AssignStmt(update.RangeToken, update.Lhss[0].Resolved, update.Rhss[0]);
@@ -752,7 +708,8 @@ private void ResolveUpdateStmt(UpdateStmt update, ResolutionContext resolutionCo
         } else if (ErrorCount == errorCountBeforeCheckingStmt) {
           // a call statement
           var resolvedLhss = update.Lhss.ConvertAll(ll => ll.Resolved);
-          var a = new CallStmt(update.RangeToken, resolvedLhss, methodCallInfo.Callee, methodCallInfo.ActualParameters, methodCallInfo.Tok);
+          var a = new CallStmt(update.RangeToken, resolvedLhss, methodCallInfo.Callee, methodCallInfo.ActualParameters,
+            methodCallInfo.Tok, update.Proof);
           a.OriginalInitialLhs = update.OriginalInitialLhs;
           update.ResolvedStatements.Add(a);
         }
@@ -847,6 +804,8 @@ void ResolveCallStmt(CallStmt s, ResolutionContext resolutionContext, Type recei
 
       if (tryToResolve) {
         var typeMap = s.MethodSelect.PreTypeArgumentSubstitutionsAtMemberDeclaration();
+        AddTypeBoundConstraints(s.Tok, callee.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs, typeMap);
+        AddTypeBoundConstraints(s.Tok, callee.TypeArgs, typeMap);
         // resolve arguments
         ResolveActualParameters(s.Bindings, callee.Ins, s.Tok, callee, resolutionContext, typeMap,
           callee.IsStatic ? null : s.Receiver);
@@ -865,25 +824,6 @@ void ResolveCallStmt(CallStmt s, ResolutionContext resolutionContext, Type recei
           CheckIsLvalue(lhs.Resolved, resolutionContext);
         }
 
-#if SOON
-        // Resolution termination check
-        ModuleDefinition callerModule = resolutionContext.EnclosingModule;
-        ModuleDefinition calleeModule = ((ICodeContext)callee).EnclosingModule;
-        if (callerModule == calleeModule) {
-          // intra-module call; add edge in module's call graph
-          var caller = CodeContextWrapper.Unwrap(resolutionContext) as ICallable;
-          if (caller == null) {
-            // don't add anything to the call graph after all
-          } else if (caller is IteratorDecl) {
-            callerModule.CallGraph.AddEdge(((IteratorDecl)caller).Member_MoveNext, callee);
-          } else {
-            callerModule.CallGraph.AddEdge(caller, callee);
-            if (caller == callee) {
-              callee.IsRecursive = true;  // self recursion (mutual recursion is determined elsewhere)
-            }
-          }
-        }
-#endif
       }
       if (Contract.Exists(callee.Decreases.Expressions, e => e is WildcardExpr) && !resolutionContext.CodeContext.AllowsNontermination) {
         ReportError(s.Tok, "a call to a possibly non-terminating method is allowed only if the calling method is also declared (with 'decreases *') to be possibly non-terminating");
@@ -937,7 +877,7 @@ private void ResolveAssignOrReturnStmt(AssignOrReturnStmt s, ResolutionContext r
         if (callee != null) {
           // We're looking at a method call
           if (callee.Outs.Count != 0) {
-            var typeMap = PreType.PreTypeSubstMap(callee.TypeArgs, methodCallInfo.Callee.PreTypeApplication_JustMember);
+            var typeMap = PreType.PreTypeSubstMap(callee.TypeArgs, methodCallInfo.Callee.PreTypeApplicationJustMember);
             firstPreType = callee.Outs[0].PreType.Substitute(typeMap);
           } else {
             ReportError(s.Rhs.tok, $"Expected '{callee.Name}' to have a success/failure output value, but the method returns nothing.");
@@ -995,6 +935,8 @@ private void ResolveAssignOrReturnStmt(AssignOrReturnStmt s, ResolutionContext r
         return;
       }
 
+      ModuleResolver.ResolveByProof(this, s.Proof, resolutionContext);
+
       Expression lhsExtract = null;
       if (expectExtract) {
         if (enclosingMethod.Outs.Count == 0 && s.KeywordToken == null) {
@@ -1057,24 +999,25 @@ private void ResolveAssignOrReturnStmt(AssignOrReturnStmt s, ResolutionContext r
         }
       }
       // " temp, ... := MethodOrExpression, ...;"
-      UpdateStmt up = new UpdateStmt(s.RangeToken, lhss2, rhss2);
+      UpdateStmt up = new UpdateStmt(s.RangeToken, lhss2, rhss2, s.Proof);
       if (expectExtract) {
         up.OriginalInitialLhs = s.Lhss.Count == 0 ? null : s.Lhss[0];
       }
       s.ResolvedStatements.Add(up);
 
       if (s.KeywordToken != null) {
-        var notFailureExpr = new UnaryOpExpr(s.Tok, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Not, resolver.VarDotMethod(s.Tok, temp, "IsFailure"));
+        var token = s.KeywordToken.Token;
+        var notFailureExpr = new UnaryOpExpr(token, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Not, resolver.VarDotMethod(s.Tok, temp, "IsFailure"));
         Statement ss = null;
-        if (s.KeywordToken.Token.val == "expect") {
+        if (token.val == "expect") {
           // "expect !temp.IsFailure(), temp"
-          ss = new ExpectStmt(new RangeToken(s.Tok, s.EndToken), notFailureExpr, new IdentifierExpr(s.Tok, temp), s.KeywordToken.Attrs);
+          ss = new ExpectStmt(new RangeToken(token, s.EndToken), notFailureExpr, new IdentifierExpr(s.Tok, temp), s.KeywordToken.Attrs);
         } else if (s.KeywordToken.Token.val == "assume") {
-          ss = new AssumeStmt(new RangeToken(s.Tok, s.EndToken), notFailureExpr, SystemModuleManager.AxiomAttribute(s.KeywordToken.Attrs));
+          ss = new AssumeStmt(new RangeToken(token, s.EndToken), notFailureExpr, SystemModuleManager.AxiomAttribute(s.KeywordToken.Attrs));
         } else if (s.KeywordToken.Token.val == "assert") {
-          ss = new AssertStmt(new RangeToken(s.Tok, s.EndToken), notFailureExpr, null, null, s.KeywordToken.Attrs);
+          ss = new AssertStmt(new RangeToken(token, s.EndToken), notFailureExpr, null, null, s.KeywordToken.Attrs);
         } else {
-          Contract.Assert(false, $"Invalid token in :- statement: {s.KeywordToken.Token.val}");
+          Contract.Assert(false, $"Invalid token in :- statement: {token.val}");
         }
         s.ResolvedStatements.Add(ss);
       } else {
@@ -1176,7 +1119,7 @@ public void ResolveTypeRhs(TypeRhs rr, Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolut
       }
 
       if (rr.ArrayDimensions != null) {
-        // ---------- new T[EE]    OR    new T[EE] (elementInit)
+        // ---------- new T[EE]    OR    new T[EE] (elementInit)    OR    new T[EE] [elements...]
         var dims = rr.ArrayDimensions.Count;
         Contract.Assert(rr.Bindings == null && rr.Path == null && rr.InitCall == null);
         resolver.ResolveType(stmt.Tok, rr.EType, resolutionContext, ResolveTypeOptionEnum.InferTypeProxies, null);
@@ -1188,14 +1131,16 @@ public void ResolveTypeRhs(TypeRhs rr, Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolut
             $"new must use an integer-based expression for the array size (got {{0}}{indexHint})");
           i++;
         }
-        rr.PreType = BuiltInArrayType(dims, Type2PreType(rr.EType));
+
+        var elementPreType = Type2PreType(rr.EType);
+        rr.PreType = BuiltInArrayType(dims, elementPreType);
         if (rr.ElementInit != null) {
           ResolveExpression(rr.ElementInit, resolutionContext);
           // Check (the pre-type version of)
           //     nat^N -> rr.EType  :>  rr.ElementInit.Type
           resolver.SystemModuleManager.CreateArrowTypeDecl(dims);  // TODO: should this be done already in the parser?
           var indexPreTypes = Enumerable.Repeat(Type2PreType(resolver.SystemModuleManager.Nat()), dims).ToList();
-          var arrowPreType = BuiltInArrowType(indexPreTypes, Type2PreType(rr.EType));
+          var arrowPreType = BuiltInArrowType(indexPreTypes, elementPreType);
           Constraints.AddSubtypeConstraint(arrowPreType, rr.ElementInit.PreType, rr.ElementInit.tok, () => {
             var hintString = !PreType.Same(arrowPreType, rr.ElementInit.PreType) ? "" :
               string.Format(" (perhaps write '{0} =>' in front of the expression you gave in order to make it an arrow type)",
@@ -1205,7 +1150,7 @@ public void ResolveTypeRhs(TypeRhs rr, Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolut
         } else if (rr.InitDisplay != null) {
           foreach (var v in rr.InitDisplay) {
             ResolveExpression(v, resolutionContext);
-            AddSubtypeConstraint(Type2PreType(rr.EType), v.PreType, v.tok, "initial value must be assignable to array's elements (expected '{0}', got '{1}')");
+            AddSubtypeConstraint(elementPreType, v.PreType, v.tok, "initial value must be assignable to array's elements (expected '{0}', got '{1}')");
           }
         }
       } else {
@@ -1257,7 +1202,7 @@ public void ResolveTypeRhs(TypeRhs rr, Statement stmt, ResolutionContext resolut
               PreType = rr.PreType
             };
             var callLhs = new ExprDotName(((UserDefinedType)rr.EType).tok, lhs, initCallName, ret?.LastComponent.OptTypeArguments);
-            ResolveDotSuffix(callLhs, true, rr.Bindings.ArgumentBindings, resolutionContext, true);
+            ResolveDotSuffix(callLhs, false, true, rr.Bindings.ArgumentBindings, resolutionContext, true);
             if (prevErrorCount == ErrorCount) {
               Contract.Assert(callLhs.ResolvedExpression is MemberSelectExpr);  // since ResolveApplySuffix succeeded and call.Lhs denotes an expression (not a module or a type)
               var methodSel = (MemberSelectExpr)callLhs.ResolvedExpression;
@@ -1318,39 +1263,5 @@ public void CheckIsLvalue(Expression lhs, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
         ReportError(lhs, "LHS of assignment must denote a mutable variable or field");
       }
     }
-
-    void ResolveAlternatives(List<GuardedAlternative> alternatives, AlternativeLoopStmt loopToCatchBreaks, ResolutionContext resolutionContext) {
-      Contract.Requires(alternatives != null);
-      Contract.Requires(resolutionContext != null);
-
-      // first, resolve the guards
-      foreach (var alternative in alternatives) {
-        ResolveExpression(alternative.Guard, resolutionContext);
-        ConstrainExpressionToBoolFamily(alternative.Guard, "condition is expected to be of type bool, but is {0}");
-      }
-
-      if (loopToCatchBreaks != null) {
-        loopStack.Add(loopToCatchBreaks);  // push
-      }
-      foreach (var alternative in alternatives) {
-        scope.PushMarker();
-        dominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
-        if (alternative.IsBindingGuard) {
-          var exists = (ExistsExpr)alternative.Guard;
-          foreach (var v in exists.BoundVars) {
-            ScopePushAndReport(v, "bound-variable", false);
-          }
-        }
-        ResolveAttributes(alternative, resolutionContext, false);
-        foreach (Statement ss in alternative.Body) {
-          ResolveStatementWithLabels(ss, resolutionContext);
-        }
-        dominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
-        scope.PopMarker();
-      }
-      if (loopToCatchBreaks != null) {
-        loopStack.RemoveAt(loopStack.Count - 1);  // pop
-      }
-    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.cs
index f3baa81353a..8f064443a2d 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolve.cs
@@ -251,36 +251,35 @@ public TopLevelDecl Type2Decl(Type type) {
       return decl;
     }
 
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Returns the non-newtype ancestor of "decl".
-    /// This method assumes that the ancestors of "decl" do not form any cycles. That is, any such cycle detection must already
-    /// have been done.
-    /// </summary>
-    public static TopLevelDecl AncestorDecl(TopLevelDecl decl) {
-      while (decl is NewtypeDecl newtypeDecl) {
-        var parent = newtypeDecl.BasePreType.Normalize();
-        decl = ((DPreType)parent).Decl;
+    public IEnumerable<DPreType> TypeParameterBounds2PreTypes(TypeParameter typeParameter) {
+      foreach (var typeBound in typeParameter.TypeBounds) {
+        var preTypeBound = Type2PreType(typeBound, $"type bound for type parameter '{typeParameter.Name}'");
+        yield return (DPreType)preTypeBound;
       }
-      return decl;
     }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Returns the non-newtype ancestor pre-type of "preType".
     /// This method assumes that the ancestors of "preType.Decl" do not form any cycles. That is, any such cycle detection must already
     /// have been done.
+    /// If the base type is a type parameter (of the newtype's) and that type parameter is not determined, then this method returns null.
     /// </summary>
+    [CanBeNull]
     public static DPreType AncestorPreType(DPreType preType) {
       while (preType.Decl is NewtypeDecl newtypeDecl) {
         var subst = PreType.PreTypeSubstMap(newtypeDecl.TypeArgs, preType.Arguments);
-        preType = (DPreType)newtypeDecl.BasePreType.Substitute(subst);
+        if (newtypeDecl.BasePreType.Substitute(subst).Normalize() is DPreType baseWithSubstitution) {
+          preType = baseWithSubstitution;
+        } else {
+          return null;
+        }
       }
       return preType;
     }
 
     [CanBeNull]
     public static string AncestorName(PreType preType) {
-      var dp = preType.Normalize() as DPreType;
-      return dp == null ? null : AncestorDecl(dp.Decl).Name;
+      return preType.Normalize() is not DPreType dp ? null : AncestorPreType(dp)?.Decl.Name;
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -298,13 +297,19 @@ public static DPreType NewTypeAncestor(DPreType preType) {
           break;
         }
         visited.Add(newtypeDecl);
-        var parent = newtypeDecl.BasePreType.Normalize() as DPreType;
-        if (parent == null) {
+        if (newtypeDecl.BasePreType.Normalize() is not DPreType parent) {
           // The parent type of this newtype apparently hasn't been inferred yet, so stop traversal here
           break;
         }
         var subst = PreType.PreTypeSubstMap(newtypeDecl.TypeArgs, preType.Arguments);
-        preType = (DPreType)parent.Substitute(subst);
+        if (parent.Substitute(subst) is not DPreType parentWithSubstitutions) {
+          // The head type of result of the substitution into the parent is not yet inferred. This must have been because
+          // the parent is a type parameter of the newtype and the actual type argument hasn't been inferred yet. So, we
+          // stop here and return the type-parameter parent.
+          Contract.Assert(parent.Decl is TypeParameter);
+          break;
+        }
+        preType = parentWithSubstitutions;
       }
       return preType;
     }
@@ -329,7 +334,7 @@ public static bool HasTraitSupertypes(DPreType dp) {
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Add to "ancestors" every TopLevelDecl that is a reflexive, transitive parent of "d",
+    /// Add to "ancestors" every TopLevelDecl that is a reflexive, transitive parent of "decl",
     /// but not exploring past any TopLevelDecl that is already in "ancestors".
     /// </summary>
     public static void ComputeAncestors(TopLevelDecl decl, ISet<TopLevelDecl> ancestors, SystemModuleManager systemModuleManager) {
@@ -337,7 +342,12 @@ public static void ComputeAncestors(TopLevelDecl decl, ISet<TopLevelDecl> ancest
         ancestors.Add(decl);
         if (decl is TopLevelDeclWithMembers topLevelDeclWithMembers) {
           topLevelDeclWithMembers.ParentTraitHeads.ForEach(parent => ComputeAncestors(parent, ancestors, systemModuleManager));
+        } else if (decl is TypeParameter typeParameter) {
+          typeParameter.TypeBoundHeads.ToList().ForEach(parent => ComputeAncestors(parent, ancestors, systemModuleManager));
+        } else if (decl is TypeSynonymDecl { Rhs: UserDefinedType { ResolvedClass: TopLevelDecl rhs } }) {
+          ComputeAncestors(rhs, ancestors, systemModuleManager);
         }
+
         if (decl is TraitDecl { IsObjectTrait: true }) {
           // we're done
         } else if (DPreType.IsReferenceTypeDecl(decl)) {
@@ -353,6 +363,18 @@ public static void ComputeAncestors(TopLevelDecl decl, ISet<TopLevelDecl> ancest
     /// Note, if either "super" or "sub" contains a type proxy, then "false" is returned.
     /// </summary>
     public bool IsSuperPreTypeOf(DPreType super, DPreType sub) {
+      if (sub.Decl is TypeParameter typeParameter) {
+        if (PreType.Same(super, sub)) {
+          return true;
+        }
+        foreach (var preTypeBound in TypeParameterBounds2PreTypes(typeParameter)) {
+          if (IsSuperPreTypeOf(super, preTypeBound)) {
+            return true;
+          }
+        }
+        return false;
+      }
+
       var subAncestors = new HashSet<TopLevelDecl>();
       ComputeAncestors(sub.Decl, subAncestors, resolver.SystemModuleManager);
       if (!subAncestors.Contains(super.Decl)) {
@@ -427,7 +449,7 @@ private PreTypeResolver(ModuleResolver resolver, PreTypeInferenceModuleState pre
 
       scope = new Scope<IVariable>(resolver.Options);
       EnclosingStatementLabels = new Scope<Statement>(resolver.Options);
-      dominatingStatementLabels = new Scope<Label>(resolver.Options);
+      DominatingStatementLabels = new Scope<Label>(resolver.Options);
       Constraints = new PreTypeConstraints(this);
     }
 
@@ -459,7 +481,7 @@ void ScopePushExpectSuccess(IVariable v, string kind, bool assignPreType = true)
       Contract.Assert(r == Scope<IVariable>.PushResult.Success);
     }
 
-    private Scope<Thing>.PushResult ScopePushAndReport<Thing>(Scope<Thing> scope, string name, Thing thing, IToken tok, string kind) where Thing : class {
+    public Scope<Thing>.PushResult ScopePushAndReport<Thing>(Scope<Thing> scope, string name, Thing thing, IToken tok, string kind) where Thing : class {
       Contract.Requires(scope != null);
       Contract.Requires(name != null);
       Contract.Requires(thing != null);
@@ -488,12 +510,25 @@ void AddConfirmation(PreTypeConstraints.CommonConfirmationBag check, PreType pre
     }
 
     void AddComparableConstraint(PreType a, PreType b, IToken tok, bool allowBaseTypeCast, string errorFormatString) {
+      AddComparableConstraint(a, b, tok, allowBaseTypeCast, () => string.Format(errorFormatString, a, b));
+    }
+
+    void AddComparableConstraint(PreType a, PreType b, IToken tok, bool allowBaseTypeCast, Func<string> errorMessage) {
       // A "comparable types" constraint involves a disjunction. This can get gnarly for inference, so the full disjunction
       // is checked post inference. The constraint can, however, be of use during inference, so we also add an approximate
       // constraint (which is set up NOT to generate any error messages by itself, since otherwise errors would be duplicated).
       Constraints.AddGuardedConstraint(() => ApproximateComparableConstraints(a, b, tok, allowBaseTypeCast,
-        "(Duplicate error message) " + errorFormatString, false));
-      Constraints.AddConfirmation(tok, () => CheckComparableTypes(a, b, allowBaseTypeCast), () => string.Format(errorFormatString, a, b));
+        "(Duplicate error message) " + errorMessage(), false));
+      if (!allowBaseTypeCast) {
+        // The "comparable types" constraint may be useful as a bound if nothing else is known about a proxy. 
+        if (a.Normalize() is PreTypeProxy aPreTypeProxy) {
+          Constraints.AddCompatibleBounds(aPreTypeProxy, b);
+        }
+        if (b.Normalize() is PreTypeProxy bPreTypeProxy) {
+          Constraints.AddCompatibleBounds(bPreTypeProxy, a);
+        }
+      }
+      Constraints.AddConfirmation(tok, () => CheckComparableTypes(a, b, allowBaseTypeCast), errorMessage);
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -538,6 +573,9 @@ bool CheckComparableTypes(PreType a, PreType b, bool allowConversion) {
     bool IsConversionCompatible(DPreType fromType, DPreType toType) {
       var fromAncestor = AncestorPreType(fromType);
       var toAncestor = AncestorPreType(toType);
+      if (fromAncestor == null || toAncestor == null) {
+        return false;
+      }
 
       if (PreType.Same(fromAncestor, toAncestor)) {
         return true;
@@ -804,7 +842,7 @@ void ComputePreTypeFormal(Formal formal) {
       }
 
       void ComputePreTypeFunction(Function function) {
-        function.Formals.ForEach(ComputePreTypeFormal);
+        function.Ins.ForEach(ComputePreTypeFormal);
         if (function.Result != null) {
           ComputePreTypeFormal(function.Result);
         } else if (function.ByMethodDecl != null) {
@@ -1008,6 +1046,7 @@ void ResolveConstraintAndWitness(RedirectingTypeDecl dd, bool initialResolutionP
       } else {
         if (initialResolutionPass == dd.Var.Type is TypeProxy) {
           scope.PushMarker();
+          scope.AllowInstance = false;
           ScopePushExpectSuccess(dd.Var, dd.WhatKind + " variable", false);
           ResolveExpression(dd.Constraint, new ResolutionContext(new CodeContextWrapper(dd, true), false));
           ConstrainTypeExprBool(dd.Constraint, dd.WhatKind + " constraint must be of type bool (instead got {0})");
@@ -1020,8 +1059,11 @@ void ResolveConstraintAndWitness(RedirectingTypeDecl dd, bool initialResolutionP
 
       if (!initialResolutionPass && dd.Witness != null) {
         var codeContext = new CodeContextWrapper(dd, dd.WitnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Ghost);
+        scope.PushMarker();
+        scope.AllowInstance = false;
         ResolveExpression(dd.Witness, new ResolutionContext(codeContext, false));
-        AddSubtypeConstraint(dd.Var.PreType, dd.Witness.PreType, dd.Witness.tok, "witness expression must have type '{0}' (got '{1}')");
+        scope.PopMarker();
+        AddSubtypeConstraint(dd.BasePreType, dd.Witness.PreType, dd.Witness.tok, "witness expression must have type '{0}' (got '{1}')");
         Constraints.SolveAllTypeConstraints($"{dd.WhatKind} '{dd.Name}' witness");
       }
     }
@@ -1033,7 +1075,12 @@ void ResolveConstraintAndWitness(RedirectingTypeDecl dd, bool initialResolutionP
     void ResolveConstRHS(ConstantField cfield, bool initialResolutionPass) {
       if (cfield.Rhs != null && initialResolutionPass == cfield.Type is TypeProxy) {
         var opts = new ResolutionContext(cfield, false);
+        scope.PushMarker();
+        if (cfield.IsStatic) {
+          scope.AllowInstance = false;
+        }
         ResolveExpression(cfield.Rhs, opts);
+        scope.PopMarker();
         AddSubtypeConstraint(cfield.PreType, cfield.Rhs.PreType, cfield.Tok, "RHS (of type {1}) not assignable to LHS (of type {0})");
         Constraints.SolveAllTypeConstraints($"{cfield.WhatKind} '{cfield.Name}' constraint");
       }
@@ -1086,7 +1133,12 @@ void ResolveMember(MemberDecl member) {
       Contract.Requires(currentClass != null);
 
       if (member is ConstantField cfield) {
+        scope.PushMarker();
+        if (cfield.IsStatic) {
+          scope.AllowInstance = false;
+        }
         ResolveAttributes(member, new ResolutionContext(new NoContext(currentClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition), false), true);
+        scope.PopMarker();
         ResolveConstRHS(cfield, false);
 
       } else if (member is Field) {
@@ -1135,6 +1187,11 @@ void ResolveIterator(IteratorDecl iter) {
       Contract.Requires(currentClass != null);
       Contract.Ensures(currentClass == null);
 
+      if (Options.ForbidNondeterminism && iter.Outs.Count > 0) {
+        Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.c_iterators_are_not_deterministic, iter.tok,
+          "since yield parameters are initialized arbitrarily, iterators are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option");
+      }
+
       var initialErrorCount = ErrorCount;
 
       // Add in-parameters to the scope, but don't care about any duplication errors, since they have already been reported
@@ -1202,19 +1259,19 @@ void ResolveIterator(IteratorDecl iter) {
 
       // Resolve body
       if (iter.Body != null) {
-        dominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
+        DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
         foreach (var req in iter.Requires) {
           if (req.Label != null) {
-            if (dominatingStatementLabels.Find(req.Label.Name) != null) {
+            if (DominatingStatementLabels.Find(req.Label.Name) != null) {
               ReportError(req.Label.Tok, "assert label shadows a dominating label");
             } else {
-              var rr = dominatingStatementLabels.Push(req.Label.Name, req.Label);
+              var rr = DominatingStatementLabels.Push(req.Label.Name, req.Label);
               Contract.Assert(rr == Scope<Label>.PushResult.Success);  // since we just checked for duplicates, we expect the Push to succeed
             }
           }
         }
         ResolveBlockStatement(iter.Body, ResolutionContext.FromCodeContext(iter));
-        dominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
+        DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
         Constraints.SolveAllTypeConstraints($"body of iterator '{iter.Name}'");
       }
 
@@ -1233,7 +1290,7 @@ void ResolveIterator(IteratorDecl iter) {
     void ResolveFunction(Function f) {
       Contract.Requires(f != null);
 
-      f.ResolveMethodOrFunction(this);
+      f.ResolveNewOrOldPart(this);
 
       // make note of the warnShadowing attribute
       bool warnShadowingOption = resolver.Options.WarnShadowing;  // save the original warnShadowing value
@@ -1248,10 +1305,10 @@ void ResolveFunction(Function f) {
         scope.AllowInstance = false;
       }
 
-      foreach (Formal p in f.Formals) {
+      foreach (Formal p in f.Ins) {
         ScopePushAndReport(p, "parameter", false);
       }
-      ResolveParameterDefaultValues(f.Formals, f);
+      ResolveParameterDefaultValues(f.Ins, f);
 
       foreach (var req in f.Req) {
         ResolveAttributes(req, new ResolutionContext(f, f is TwoStateFunction), false);
@@ -1317,7 +1374,7 @@ void ResolveFunction(Function f) {
     void ResolveMethod(Method m) {
       Contract.Requires(m != null);
 
-      m.ResolveMethodOrFunction(this);
+      m.ResolveNewOrOldPart(this);
 
       try {
         currentMethod = m;
@@ -1399,19 +1456,19 @@ void ResolveMethod(Method m) {
             ScopePushExpectSuccess(k, "_k parameter", false);
           }
 
-          dominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
+          DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
           foreach (var req in m.Req) {
             if (req.Label != null) {
-              if (dominatingStatementLabels.Find(req.Label.Name) != null) {
+              if (DominatingStatementLabels.Find(req.Label.Name) != null) {
                 ReportError(req.Label.Tok, "assert label shadows a dominating label");
               } else {
-                var rr = dominatingStatementLabels.Push(req.Label.Name, req.Label);
+                var rr = DominatingStatementLabels.Push(req.Label.Name, req.Label);
                 Contract.Assert(rr == Scope<Label>.PushResult.Success);  // since we just checked for duplicates, we expect the Push to succeed
               }
             }
           }
           ResolveBlockStatement(m.Body, ResolutionContext.FromCodeContext(m));
-          dominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
+          DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
           Constraints.SolveAllTypeConstraints($"body of {m.WhatKind} '{m.Name}'");
         }
 
@@ -1427,6 +1484,11 @@ void ResolveMethod(Method m) {
       }
     }
 
+    public void ResolveFrameExpression(FrameExpression frameExpression, FrameExpressionUse frameExpressionUse,
+      ResolutionContext context) {
+      ResolveFrameExpression(frameExpression, frameExpressionUse, context.CodeContext);
+    }
+
     void ResolveFrameExpression(FrameExpression fe, FrameExpressionUse use, ICodeContext codeContext) {
       Contract.Requires(fe != null);
       Contract.Requires(codeContext != null);
@@ -1576,7 +1638,7 @@ protected override void VisitOneExpr(Expression expr) {
           preTypeResolver.ReportError(expr.tok, $"SANITY CHECK FAILED: .PreType is '{expr.PreType}' but .Type is null");
         } else if (PreType.Same(expr.PreType, preTypeResolver.Type2PreType(expr.Type))) {
           // all is cool
-        } else if (expr.PreType is UnusedPreType && expr.Type is TypeProxy) {
+        } else if (expr.PreType is MethodPreType && expr.Type is TypeProxy) {
           // this is expected
         } else {
           preTypeResolver.ReportError(expr.tok, $"SANITY CHECK FAILED: pre-type '{expr.PreType}' does not correspond to type '{expr.Type}'");
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolver.Match.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolver.Match.cs
index b6d1c5beff6..cef280731a4 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolver.Match.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeResolver.Match.cs
@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ void ResolveNestedMatchStmt(NestedMatchStmt stmt, ResolutionContext resolutionCo
         scope.PushMarker();
         ResolveExtendedPattern(stmt.Source.tok, mc.Pat, stmt.Source.PreType, false, resolutionContext);
 
-        dominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
+        DominatingStatementLabels.PushMarker();
         mc.Body.ForEach(ss => ResolveStatementWithLabels(ss, resolutionContext));
-        dominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
+        DominatingStatementLabels.PopMarker();
 
         scope.PopMarker();
       }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeSubtypeConstraint.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeSubtypeConstraint.cs
index 90556b0c0a8..deb900f0526 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeSubtypeConstraint.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeSubtypeConstraint.cs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public SubtypeConstraint Normalize() {
       if (object.ReferenceEquals(super, Super) && object.ReferenceEquals(sub, Sub)) {
         return this;
       } else {
-        return new SubtypeConstraint(super, sub, Token.NoToken, ErrorFormatString, null, ReportErrors);
+        return new SubtypeConstraint(super, sub, tok, ErrorFormatString, null, ReportErrors);
       }
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeToType.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeToType.cs
index 21ddcdb908b..1d094c78df7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeToType.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/PreTypeToType.cs
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ protected override void PostVisitOneExpression(Expression expr, IASTVisitorConte
       functionCallExpr.TypeApplication_JustFunction = PreType2TypeUtil.Combine(functionCallExpr.TypeApplication_JustFunction,
         functionCallExpr.PreTypeApplication_JustFunction, true);
     } else if (expr is MemberSelectExpr memberSelectExpr) {
-      memberSelectExpr.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = memberSelectExpr.PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.ConvertAll(PreType2TypeUtil.PreType2FixedType);
-      memberSelectExpr.TypeApplication_JustMember =
-        PreType2TypeUtil.Combine(memberSelectExpr.TypeApplication_JustMember, memberSelectExpr.PreTypeApplication_JustMember, true);
+      memberSelectExpr.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = memberSelectExpr.PreTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.ConvertAll(PreType2TypeUtil.PreType2FixedType);
+      memberSelectExpr.TypeApplicationJustMember =
+        PreType2TypeUtil.Combine(memberSelectExpr.TypeApplicationJustMember, memberSelectExpr.PreTypeApplicationJustMember, true);
     } else if (expr is ComprehensionExpr comprehensionExpr) {
       VisitVariableList(comprehensionExpr.BoundVars, false);
     } else if (expr is LetExpr letExpr) {
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ protected override void PostVisitOneExpression(Expression expr, IASTVisitorConte
       return;
     }
 
-    if (expr.PreType is UnusedPreType) {
+    if (expr.PreType is MethodPreType) {
       expr.Type = new InferredTypeProxy();
       return;
     }
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ protected override void PostVisitOneExpression(Expression expr, IASTVisitorConte
     }
 
     // Case: fixed pre-type type
-    if (expr is LiteralExpr or ThisExpr or UnaryExpr or BinaryExpr or NegationExpression or DisplayExpression or MapDisplayExpr) {
+    if (expr is LiteralExpr or ThisExpr or UnaryExpr or BinaryExpr or NegationExpression or DisplayExpression or MapDisplayExpr or SeqUpdateExpr) {
       // Note, for the LiteralExpr "null", we expect to get a possibly-null type, whereas for a reference-type ThisExpr, we expect
       // to get the non-null type. The .PreType of these two distinguish between those cases, because the latter has a .PrintablePreType
       // field that gives the non-null type.
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/TypeRefinementVisitor.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/TypeRefinementVisitor.cs
index 68e5b4b8208..6cf6bfa9917 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/TypeRefinementVisitor.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/TypeRefinementVisitor.cs
@@ -108,9 +108,9 @@ protected override void PostVisitOneExpression(Expression expr, IASTVisitorConte
       }
 
     } else if (expr is FunctionCallExpr functionCallExpr) {
-      Contract.Assert(functionCallExpr.Args.Count == functionCallExpr.Function.Formals.Count);
+      Contract.Assert(functionCallExpr.Args.Count == functionCallExpr.Function.Ins.Count);
       for (var i = 0; i < functionCallExpr.Args.Count; i++) {
-        var formal = functionCallExpr.Function.Formals[i];
+        var formal = functionCallExpr.Function.Ins[i];
         var actual = functionCallExpr.Args[i];
         flows.Add(new FlowBetweenComputedTypes(() => {
           var typeMap = functionCallExpr.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents();
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/UnderspecificationDetector.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/UnderspecificationDetector.cs
index be29273dee4..3d785dd8243 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/UnderspecificationDetector.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/PreType/UnderspecificationDetector.cs
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ private void CheckMember(MemberDecl member) {
         }
 
       } else if (member is Function function) {
-        CheckParameterDefaultValues(function.Formals, context);
+        CheckParameterDefaultValues(function.Ins, context);
         function.Req.ForEach(e => CheckExpression(e.E, context));
         function.Ens.ForEach(e => CheckExpression(e.E, context));
         CheckSpecFrameExpression(function.Reads, context);
@@ -316,11 +316,11 @@ protected override void VisitOneExpr(Expression expr) {
         var e = (MemberSelectExpr)expr;
         if (e.Member is Function || e.Member is Method) {
           var i = 0;
-          foreach (var p in Util.Concat(e.PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass, e.PreTypeApplication_JustMember)) {
+          foreach (var p in Util.Concat(e.PreTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass, e.PreTypeApplicationJustMember)) {
             var tp =
-              i < e.PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.Count
+              i < e.PreTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.Count
                 ? e.Member.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs[i]
-                : ((ICallable)e.Member).TypeArgs[i - e.PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.Count];
+                : ((ICallable)e.Member).TypeArgs[i - e.PreTypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.Count];
             if (!IsDetermined(p)) {
               cus.ReportError(e.tok, $"type parameter '{tp.Name}' (inferred to be '{p}') to the {e.Member.WhatKind} '{e.Member.Name}' could not be determined");
             } else {
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ protected override void VisitOneExpr(Expression expr) {
               ? e.Function.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs[i]
               : e.Function.TypeArgs[i - e.PreTypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.Count];
           if (!IsDetermined(p)) {
-            var hint = e.Name.StartsWith(RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix) ? ". If you are making an opaque function, make sure that the function can be called." : "";
+            var hint = e.Name.StartsWith(HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix) ? ". If you are making an opaque function, make sure that the function can be called." : "";
             cus.ReportError(e.tok, $"type parameter '{tp.Name}' (inferred to be '{p}') in the function call to '{e.Name}' could not be determined{hint}");
           } else {
             CheckContainsNoOrdinal(e.tok, p, $"type parameter '{tp.Name}' (passed in as '{p}') to function call '{e.Name}' is not allowed to use ORDINAL");
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ static BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode ResolveOp(BinaryExpr.Opcode op, PreType leftOpe
         case BinaryExpr.Opcode.Disjoint:
           return operandFamilyName == PreType.TypeNameMultiset ? BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.MultiSetDisjoint : BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Disjoint;
         case BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt: {
-            if (operandPreType is DPreType dp && PreTypeResolver.AncestorDecl(dp.Decl) is IndDatatypeDecl) {
+            if (operandPreType is DPreType dp && PreTypeResolver.AncestorPreType(dp)?.Decl is IndDatatypeDecl) {
               return BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.RankLt;
             }
             return operandFamilyName switch {
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ static BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode ResolveOp(BinaryExpr.Opcode op, PreType leftOpe
             _ => BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Mul
           };
         case BinaryExpr.Opcode.Gt: {
-            if (operandPreType is DPreType dp && PreTypeResolver.AncestorDecl(dp.Decl) is IndDatatypeDecl) {
+            if (operandPreType is DPreType dp && PreTypeResolver.AncestorPreType(dp)?.Decl is IndDatatypeDecl) {
               return BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.RankGt;
             }
             return operandFamilyName switch {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ProgramResolver.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ProgramResolver.cs
index 8f8394db6d2..465ea3c9796 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ProgramResolver.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ProgramResolver.cs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ public Dictionary<string, MemberDecl> GetClassMembers(TopLevelDeclWithMembers ke
     return null;
   }
 
-  public virtual void Resolve(CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+  public virtual Task Resolve(CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
     Type.ResetScopes();
 
     Type.EnableScopes();
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ public virtual void Resolve(CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
     ComputeModuleDependencyGraph(Program, out var moduleDeclarationPointers);
 
     if (Reporter.ErrorCount != startingErrorCount) {
-      return;
+      return Task.CompletedTask;
     }
 
     var sortedDecls = dependencies.TopologicallySortedComponents();
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ public virtual void Resolve(CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
     }
 
     if (Reporter.ErrorCount != startingErrorCount) {
-      return;
+      return Task.CompletedTask;
     }
 
     Type.DisableScopes();
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ public virtual void Resolve(CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
       cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
       rewriter.PostResolve(Program);
     }
+    return Task.CompletedTask;
   }
 
   public void AddSystemClass(TopLevelDeclWithMembers topLevelDeclWithMembers, Dictionary<string, MemberDecl> memberDictionary) {
@@ -196,9 +198,7 @@ private void CheckDuplicateModuleNames(Program program) {
     // Check that none of the modules have the same CompileName.
     Dictionary<string, ModuleDefinition> compileNameMap = new Dictionary<string, ModuleDefinition>();
     foreach (ModuleDefinition m in program.CompileModules) {
-      var compileIt = true;
-      Attributes.ContainsBool(m.Attributes, "compile", ref compileIt);
-      if (!m.CanCompile() || !compileIt) {
+      if (!m.CanCompile() || !ShouldCompile(m)) {
         // the purpose of an abstract module is to skip compilation
         continue;
       }
@@ -214,6 +214,12 @@ private void CheckDuplicateModuleNames(Program program) {
     }
   }
 
+  public static bool ShouldCompile(IAttributeBearingDeclaration m) {
+    var compileIt = true;
+    Attributes.ContainsBool(m.Attributes, "compile", ref compileIt);
+    return compileIt;
+  }
+
   protected void InstantiateReplaceableModules(Program dafnyProgram) {
     foreach (var compiledModule in dafnyProgram.Modules().OrderByDescending(m => m.Height)) {
       if (compiledModule.Implements is { Kind: ImplementationKind.Replacement }) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ResolutionContext.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ResolutionContext.cs
index 9a55e99999e..b9671cc3fc4 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ResolutionContext.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ResolutionContext.cs
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ public ResolutionContext(ICodeContext codeContext, bool isTwoState)
   /// </summary>
   public static ResolutionContext FromCodeContext(ICodeContext codeContext) {
     bool isTwoState;
-    if (codeContext is NoContext || codeContext is DatatypeDecl || codeContext is ConstantField) {
+    if (codeContext is NoContext or DatatypeDecl or ConstantField) {
       isTwoState = false;
-    } else if (codeContext is Function && !(codeContext is TwoStateFunction)) {
+    } else if (codeContext is Function and not TwoStateFunction) {
       isTwoState = false;
     } else {
       isTwoState = true;
@@ -36,6 +36,6 @@ public ResolutionContext WithGhost(bool isGhost) {
     if (CodeContext.IsGhost == isGhost) {
       return this;
     }
-    return new ResolutionContext(new CodeContextWrapper(CodeContext, isGhost), IsTwoState, InOld, InReveal, InFunctionPostcondition, InFirstPhaseConstructor);
+    return this with { CodeContext = new CodeContextWrapper(CodeContext, isGhost) };
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ResolutionErrors.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ResolutionErrors.cs
index 86373ffb451..084a2136259 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ResolutionErrors.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/ResolutionErrors.cs
@@ -84,7 +84,8 @@ public enum ErrorId {
     r_failure_methods_deprecated,
     r_member_only_assumes_other,
     r_member_only_has_no_before_after,
-    r_empty_cyclic_datatype
+    r_empty_cyclic_datatype,
+    r_decreases_to_only_in_specification
   }
 
   static ResolutionErrors() {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TailRecursion.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TailRecursion.cs
index 8bcda781d25..699f1797923 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TailRecursion.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TailRecursion.cs
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ TailRecursionStatus CheckTailRecursive(Statement stmt, Method enclosingMethod, r
       return TailRecursionStatus.CanBeFollowedByAnything;
     }
     if (stmt is PrintStmt) {
-    } else if (stmt is RevealStmt) {
+    } else if (stmt is HideRevealStmt) {
     } else if (stmt is BreakStmt) {
     } else if (stmt is ReturnStmt) {
       var s = (ReturnStmt)stmt;
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ TailRecursionStatus CheckTailRecursive(Statement stmt, Method enclosingMethod, r
       var s = (CallStmt)stmt;
       if (s.Method == enclosingMethod) {
         DisallowRecursiveCallsInExpressions(s, enclosingMethod, reportErrors);
-        var status = ConfirmTailCall(s.Tok, s.Method, s.MethodSelect.TypeApplication_JustMember, s.Lhs, reportErrors);
+        var status = ConfirmTailCall(s.Tok, s.Method, s.MethodSelect.TypeApplicationJustMember, s.Lhs, reportErrors);
         if (status == TailRecursionStatus.TailCallSpent) {
           tailCall = s;
         }
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ TailRecursionStatus ConfirmTailCall(IToken tok, Method method, List<Type> typeAp
       if (formal != actual) {
         if (reportErrors) {
           reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, tok,
-            "the recursive call to '{0}' is not tail recursive because the actual type parameter{1} is not the formal type parameter '{2}'",
+            "the recursive call to '{0}' is not tail recursive because the actual type argument{1} is not the formal type parameter '{2}'",
             method.Name, method.TypeArgs.Count == 1 ? "" : " " + i, formal.Name);
         }
         return TailRecursionStatus.NotTailRecursive;
@@ -424,8 +424,8 @@ Function.TailStatus CheckTailRecursiveExpr(Expression expr, Function enclosingFu
     if (expr is FunctionCallExpr) {
       var e = (FunctionCallExpr)expr;
       var status = e.Function == enclosingFunction ? Function.TailStatus.TailRecursive : Function.TailStatus.TriviallyTailRecursive;
-      for (var i = 0; i < e.Function.Formals.Count; i++) {
-        if (!e.Function.Formals[i].IsGhost) {
+      for (var i = 0; i < e.Function.Ins.Count; i++) {
+        if (!e.Function.Ins[i].IsGhost) {
           var s = CheckHasNoRecursiveCall(e.Args[i], enclosingFunction, reportErrors);
           status = TRES_Or(status, s);
         }
@@ -614,8 +614,8 @@ Function.TailStatus CheckHasNoRecursiveCall(Expression expr, Function enclosingF
         status = Function.TailStatus.NotTailRecursive;
       }
       // skip ghost subexpressions
-      for (var i = 0; i < e.Function.Formals.Count; i++) {
-        if (!e.Function.Formals[i].IsGhost) {
+      for (var i = 0; i < e.Function.Ins.Count; i++) {
+        if (!e.Function.Ins[i].IsGhost) {
           var s = CheckHasNoRecursiveCall(e.Args[i], enclosingFunction, reportErrors);
           status = TRES_Or(status, s);
         }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TypeCharacteristicChecker.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TypeCharacteristicChecker.cs
index 5663d6dbf54..52cef103e65 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TypeCharacteristicChecker.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TypeCharacteristicChecker.cs
@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ public class TypeCharacteristicChecker {
     /// Note that this method can only be called after determining which expressions are ghosts.
     /// </summary>
     public static void InferAndCheck(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations, bool isAnExport, ErrorReporter reporter) {
-      InferEqualitySupport(declarations);
+      InferEqualitySupport(declarations, reporter);
       Check(declarations, isAnExport, reporter);
     }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Inferred required equality support for datatypes and type synonyms, and for Function and Method signatures.
     /// </summary>
-    private static void InferEqualitySupport(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations) {
+    private static void InferEqualitySupport(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations, ErrorReporter reporter) {
       // First, do datatypes and type synonyms until a fixpoint is reached.
       bool inferredSomething;
       do {
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ private static void InferEqualitySupport(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations) {
                 // here's our chance to infer the need for equality support
                 foreach (var ctor in dt.Ctors) {
                   foreach (var arg in ctor.Formals) {
-                    if (InferRequiredEqualitySupport(tp, arg.Type)) {
-                      tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
+                    if (InferAndSetEqualitySupport(tp, arg.Type, reporter)) {
                       inferredSomething = true;
                       goto DONE_DT; // break out of the doubly-nested loop
                     }
@@ -57,8 +56,16 @@ private static void InferEqualitySupport(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations) {
             foreach (var tp in syn.TypeArgs) {
               if (tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport == TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.Unspecified) {
                 // here's our chance to infer the need for equality support
-                if (InferRequiredEqualitySupport(tp, syn.Rhs)) {
-                  tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
+                if (InferAndSetEqualitySupport(tp, syn.Rhs, reporter)) {
+                  inferredSomething = true;
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          } else if (d is NewtypeDecl newtypeDecl) {
+            foreach (var tp in newtypeDecl.TypeArgs) {
+              if (tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport == TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.Unspecified) {
+                // here's our chance to infer the need for equality support
+                if (InferAndSetEqualitySupport(tp, newtypeDecl.BaseType, reporter)) {
                   inferredSomething = true;
                 }
               }
@@ -79,10 +86,8 @@ private static void InferEqualitySupport(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations) {
             if (tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport == TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.Unspecified) {
               // here's our chance to infer the need for equality support
               foreach (var p in iter.Ins) {
-                if (InferRequiredEqualitySupport(tp, p.Type)) {
-                  tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
-                  correspondingNonnullIterTypeParameter.Characteristics.EqualitySupport =
-                    TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
+                if (InferAndSetEqualitySupport(tp, p.Type, reporter)) {
+                  correspondingNonnullIterTypeParameter.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
                   done = true;
                   break;
                 }
@@ -92,10 +97,8 @@ private static void InferEqualitySupport(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations) {
                 if (done) {
                   break;
                 }
-                if (InferRequiredEqualitySupport(tp, p.Type)) {
-                  tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
-                  correspondingNonnullIterTypeParameter.Characteristics.EqualitySupport =
-                    TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
+                if (InferAndSetEqualitySupport(tp, p.Type, reporter)) {
+                  correspondingNonnullIterTypeParameter.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
                   break;
                 }
               }
@@ -104,16 +107,17 @@ private static void InferEqualitySupport(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations) {
         } else if (d is ClassLikeDecl or DefaultClassDecl) {
           var cl = (TopLevelDeclWithMembers)d;
           foreach (var member in cl.Members.Where(member => !member.IsGhost)) {
+            List<TypeParameter> memberTypeArguments = null;
             if (member is Function function) {
+              memberTypeArguments = function.TypeArgs;
               foreach (var tp in function.TypeArgs) {
                 if (tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport == TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.Unspecified) {
                   // here's our chance to infer the need for equality support
-                  if (InferRequiredEqualitySupport(tp, function.ResultType)) {
-                    tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
+                  if (InferAndSetEqualitySupport(tp, function.ResultType, reporter)) {
+                    // the call to InferAndSetEqualitySupport made the necessary updates
                   } else {
-                    foreach (var p in function.Formals) {
-                      if (InferRequiredEqualitySupport(tp, p.Type)) {
-                        tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
+                    foreach (var p in function.Ins) {
+                      if (InferAndSetEqualitySupport(tp, p.Type, reporter)) {
                         break;
                       }
                     }
@@ -121,13 +125,13 @@ private static void InferEqualitySupport(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations) {
                 }
               }
             } else if (member is Method method) {
+              memberTypeArguments = method.TypeArgs;
               bool done = false;
               foreach (var tp in method.TypeArgs) {
                 if (tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport == TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.Unspecified) {
                   // here's our chance to infer the need for equality support
                   foreach (var p in method.Ins) {
-                    if (InferRequiredEqualitySupport(tp, p.Type)) {
-                      tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
+                    if (InferAndSetEqualitySupport(tp, p.Type, reporter)) {
                       done = true;
                       break;
                     }
@@ -137,19 +141,38 @@ private static void InferEqualitySupport(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations) {
                     if (done) {
                       break;
                     }
-                    if (InferRequiredEqualitySupport(tp, p.Type)) {
-                      tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
+                    if (InferAndSetEqualitySupport(tp, p.Type, reporter)) {
                       break;
                     }
                   }
                 }
               }
             }
+
+            // Now that type characteristics have been inferred for any method/function type parameters, generate a tool tip
+            // if the type parameters were added as part of type-parameter completion.
+            if (memberTypeArguments != null && memberTypeArguments.Count != 0 && memberTypeArguments[0].IsAutoCompleted) {
+              var toolTip = $"<{memberTypeArguments.Comma(Printer.TypeParameterToString)}>";
+              reporter.Info(MessageSource.Resolver, member.tok, toolTip);
+            }
+
           }
         }
       }
     }
 
+    private static bool InferAndSetEqualitySupport(TypeParameter tp, Type type, ErrorReporter reporter) {
+      var requiresEqualitySupport = InferRequiredEqualitySupport(tp, type);
+      if (requiresEqualitySupport) {
+        tp.Characteristics.EqualitySupport = TypeParameter.EqualitySupportValue.InferredRequired;
+        // Note, auto-completed type parameters already get a tool tip for the enclosing method/function
+        if (reporter is not ErrorReporterWrapper && !tp.IsAutoCompleted) {
+          reporter.Info(MessageSource.Resolver, tp.tok, "(==)");
+        }
+      }
+      return requiresEqualitySupport;
+    }
+
     private static bool InferRequiredEqualitySupport(TypeParameter tp, Type type) {
       Contract.Requires(tp != null);
       Contract.Requires(type != null);
@@ -231,6 +254,8 @@ private static void Check(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations, bool isAnExport, Erro
                 syn.Rhs);
             }
           }
+        } else if (d is NewtypeDecl { BaseType: { } baseType }) {
+          visitor.VisitType(d.tok, baseType, false);
         }
 
         if (d is RedirectingTypeDecl rtd) {
@@ -254,7 +279,7 @@ private static void Check(List<TopLevelDecl> declarations, bool isAnExport, Erro
                 visitor.Visit(cf.Rhs, cf.IsGhost);
               }
             } else if (member is Function function) {
-              CheckFormals(function.Formals, function.IsGhost, visitor);
+              CheckFormals(function.Ins, function.IsGhost, visitor);
               visitor.VisitType(function.Result?.tok ?? function.tok, function.ResultType, function.IsGhost);
               CheckSpecification(function.Req, function.Reads, function.Ens, function.Decreases, visitor);
               if (function.Body != null) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TypeConstraint.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TypeConstraint.cs
index d0f3823b952..b6cdb2cd14e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TypeConstraint.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Resolver/TypeConstraint.cs
@@ -5,13 +5,10 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 //
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-using System;
+
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
-using System.Numerics;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
-using JetBrains.Annotations;
-using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.Syntax;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
   public record TypeConstraint(Type Super, Type Sub, TypeConstraint.ErrorMsg ErrMsg, bool KeepConstraints) {
@@ -47,7 +44,9 @@ private void Reporting(ErrorReporter reporter, string suffix) {
           reporter.Error(MessageSource.Resolver, err.Tok, err.Msg + suffix, RemoveAmbiguity(err.MsgArgs));
         } else {
           var err = (ErrorMsgWithBase)this;
-          err.BaseMsg.Reporting(reporter, " (" + string.Format(err.Msg, RemoveAmbiguity(err.MsgArgs)) + ")" + suffix);
+          if (!err.BaseMsg.reported) {
+            err.BaseMsg.Reporting(reporter, " (" + string.Format(err.Msg, RemoveAmbiguity(err.MsgArgs)) + ")" + suffix);
+          }
         }
         reported = true;
       }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoContractsRewriter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoContractsRewriter.cs
index ae6c601047a..9840002b685 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoContractsRewriter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoContractsRewriter.cs
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ void ProcessClassPostResolve(ClassLikeDecl cl) {
                 rRepr = f;
               }
             } else if (memb is Function { IsStatic: false, Name: "Valid" } fn) {
-              if (fn.Formals.Count == 0 && fn.ResultType.IsBoolType) {
+              if (fn.Ins.Count == 0 && fn.ResultType.IsBoolType) {
                 rValid = fn;
               }
             }
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ void ProcessClassPostResolve(ClassLikeDecl cl) {
           subobjects.Add(new Tuple<Field, Field, Function>(field, rRepr, rValid));
         }
       } else if (member is Function { IsStatic: false, Name: "Valid" } validFunction) {
-        if (validFunction.Formals.Count == 0 && validFunction.ResultType.IsBoolType) {
+        if (validFunction.Ins.Count == 0 && validFunction.ResultType.IsBoolType) {
           Valid = validFunction;
         }
       }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoReqFunctionRewriter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoReqFunctionRewriter.cs
index 493eece6417..311d89d3825 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoReqFunctionRewriter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoReqFunctionRewriter.cs
@@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ List<Expression> gatherReqs(Function f, List<Expression> args, List<Type> typeAr
       Dictionary<IVariable, Expression/*!*/> substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
       Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> typeMap = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(f.TypeArgs, typeArguments);
 
-      for (int i = 0; i < f.Formals.Count; i++) {
-        substMap.Add(f.Formals[i], args[i]);
+      for (int i = 0; i < f.Ins.Count; i++) {
+        substMap.Add(f.Ins[i], args[i]);
       }
 
       foreach (var req in f.Req) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoRevealFunctionDependencies.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoRevealFunctionDependencies.cs
index 600dd294e70..ce32c3a8068 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoRevealFunctionDependencies.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/AutoRevealFunctionDependencies.cs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Numerics;
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@ public static string GenerateMessage(List<RevealStmtWithDepth> addedReveals, int
   }
 
   public class RevealStmtWithDepth {
-    public RevealStmtWithDepth(RevealStmt RevealStmt, int Depth) {
+    public RevealStmtWithDepth(HideRevealStmt RevealStmt, int Depth) {
       this.RevealStmt = RevealStmt;
       this.Depth = Depth;
     }
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ public override int GetHashCode() {
       return HashCode.Combine(RevealStmt.ToString());
     }
 
-    public RevealStmt RevealStmt { get; }
+    public HideRevealStmt RevealStmt { get; }
     public int Depth { get; }
   };
 
@@ -301,7 +302,7 @@ public Expression AddRevealStmtsToExpression(Expression expr, IEnumerable<Reveal
     return finalExpr;
   }
 
-  public static RevealStmt BuildRevealStmt(Function func, IToken tok, ModuleDefinition rootModule) {
+  public static HideRevealStmt BuildRevealStmt(Function func, IToken tok, ModuleDefinition rootModule) {
     List<Type> args = new List<Type>();
     foreach (var _ in func.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs) {
       args.Add(new IntType());
@@ -313,7 +314,7 @@ public static RevealStmt BuildRevealStmt(Function func, IToken tok, ModuleDefini
 
     var callableClass = ((TopLevelDeclWithMembers)func.EnclosingClass);
 
-    var callableName = RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + func.Name;
+    var callableName = HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + func.Name;
     var member = callableClass.Members.Find(decl => decl.Name == callableName);
 
     Type.PushScope(callableClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition.VisibilityScope);
@@ -328,8 +329,8 @@ public static RevealStmt BuildRevealStmt(Function func, IToken tok, ModuleDefini
     var rr = new MemberSelectExpr(func.Tok, receiver, callableName);
     rr.Type = new InferredTypeProxy();
     rr.Member = member;
-    rr.TypeApplication_JustMember = new List<Type>();
-    rr.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = args;
+    rr.TypeApplicationJustMember = new List<Type>();
+    rr.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = args;
 
     var call = new CallStmt(func.RangeToken, new List<Expression>(), rr, new List<ActualBinding>(),
       func.Tok);
@@ -345,7 +346,7 @@ public static RevealStmt BuildRevealStmt(Function func, IToken tok, ModuleDefini
         new List<ActualBinding>(), tok)
     };
 
-    var revealStmt = new RevealStmt(func.RangeToken, expressionList);
+    var revealStmt = new HideRevealStmt(func.RangeToken, expressionList, HideRevealCmd.Modes.Reveal);
     revealStmt.ResolvedStatements.Add(call);
     revealStmt.IsGhost = true;
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/ExpectContracts.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/ExpectContracts.cs
index 22790e612ac..7d66ed412b2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/ExpectContracts.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/ExpectContracts.cs
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ private MemberDecl GenerateFunctionWrapper(TopLevelDeclWithMembers parent, Membe
     var newFunc = cloner.CloneFunction(origFunc);
     newFunc.NameNode.Value = newName;
 
-    var args = newFunc.Formals.Select(Expression.CreateIdentExpr).ToList();
+    var args = newFunc.Ins.Select(Expression.CreateIdentExpr).ToList();
     var receiver = ModuleResolver.GetReceiver(parent, origFunc, decl.tok);
     var callExpr = Expression.CreateResolvedCall(tok, receiver, origFunc, args,
       newFunc.TypeArgs.Select(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp)).ToList(), systemModuleManager);
@@ -170,9 +170,9 @@ private MemberDecl GenerateMethodWrapper(TopLevelDeclWithMembers parent, MemberD
     var receiver = ModuleResolver.GetReceiver(parent, origMethod, decl.tok);
     var memberSelectExpr = new MemberSelectExpr(decl.tok, receiver, origMethod.Name);
     memberSelectExpr.Member = origMethod;
-    memberSelectExpr.TypeApplication_JustMember =
+    memberSelectExpr.TypeApplicationJustMember =
       newMethod.TypeArgs.Select(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp)).ToList();
-    memberSelectExpr.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass =
+    memberSelectExpr.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass =
       parent.TypeArgs.Select(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp)).ToList();
     var callStmt = new CallStmt(decl.RangeToken, outs, memberSelectExpr, args);
 
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ private void RegisterResolvedByMethod(Function f, TopLevelDeclWithMembers cl) {
     // been set. Instead, we compute here directly from f.HasStaticKeyword and "cl".
     var isStatic = f.HasStaticKeyword || cl is DefaultClassDecl;
     var receiver = isStatic ? (Expression)new StaticReceiverExpr(tok, cl, true) : new ImplicitThisExpr(tok);
-    var fn = Expression.CreateResolvedCall(tok, receiver, f, f.Formals.ConvertAll(Expression.CreateIdentExpr),
+    var fn = Expression.CreateResolvedCall(tok, receiver, f, f.Ins.ConvertAll(Expression.CreateIdentExpr),
       f.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(typeParameter => (Type)new UserDefinedType(f.tok, typeParameter)), systemModuleManager);
     var post = new AttributedExpression(new BinaryExpr(tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq, r, fn) {
       Type = Type.Bool
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ private void RegisterResolvedByMethod(Function f, TopLevelDeclWithMembers cl) {
       reads.Expressions.Add(new FrameExpression(tok, emptySet, null));
     }
     var method = new Method(f.RangeToken, f.NameNode, f.HasStaticKeyword, false, f.TypeArgs,
-      f.Formals, new List<Formal>() { resultVar },
+      f.Ins, new List<Formal>() { resultVar },
       f.Req, reads, new Specification<FrameExpression>(new List<FrameExpression>(), null), new List<AttributedExpression>() { post }, f.Decreases,
       f.ByMethodBody, f.Attributes, null, true);
     Contract.Assert(f.ByMethodDecl == null);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/ForallStmtRewriter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/ForallStmtRewriter.cs
index 3516f6c4b98..40c9a482885 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/ForallStmtRewriter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/ForallStmtRewriter.cs
@@ -109,8 +109,8 @@ private void VisitAssign(ForallStmt stmt) {
             Fi = memberSelect.Obj;
             lhsBuilder = e => new MemberSelectExpr(memberSelect.tok, e, memberSelect.MemberName) {
               Member = memberSelect.Member,
-              TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = memberSelect.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass,
-              TypeApplication_JustMember = memberSelect.TypeApplication_JustMember,
+              TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = memberSelect.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass,
+              TypeApplicationJustMember = memberSelect.TypeApplicationJustMember,
               Type = memberSelect.Type
             };
             break;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/InductionHeuristic.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/InductionHeuristic.cs
index 2d2c2cf2b37..3787ab4303b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/InductionHeuristic.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/InductionHeuristic.cs
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ static bool VarOccursInArgumentToRecursiveFunction(DafnyOptions options, Express
       if (VarOccursInArgumentToRecursiveFunction(options, e.Receiver, n, variantArgument || subExprIsProminent)) {
         return true;
       }
-      Contract.Assert(e.Function.Formals.Count == e.Args.Count);
-      for (int i = 0; i < e.Function.Formals.Count; i++) {
-        var f = e.Function.Formals[i];
+      Contract.Assert(e.Function.Ins.Count == e.Args.Count);
+      for (int i = 0; i < e.Function.Ins.Count; i++) {
+        var f = e.Function.Ins[i];
         var exp = e.Args[i];
         if (options.InductionHeuristic < 6) {
           variantArgument = rec;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/InternalDocstringRewritersPluginConfiguration.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/InternalDocstringRewritersPluginConfiguration.cs
index 93638c3e64c..2078d94f581 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/InternalDocstringRewritersPluginConfiguration.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/InternalDocstringRewritersPluginConfiguration.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
+using System.CommandLine;
+using DafnyCore;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -7,6 +9,16 @@ public class InternalDocstringRewritersPluginConfiguration : Plugins.PluginConfi
   public static readonly InternalDocstringRewritersPluginConfiguration Singleton = new();
   public static readonly Plugin Plugin = new ConfiguredPlugin(Singleton);
 
+  static InternalDocstringRewritersPluginConfiguration() {
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriterOption,
+      (options, value) => { options.UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriter = value; });
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriterOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+  }
+
+  public static readonly Option<bool> UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriterOption = new("--javadoclike-docstring-plugin",
+    "Rewrite docstrings using a simple Javadoc-to-markdown converter"
+  );
+
   public override DocstringRewriter[] GetDocstringRewriters(DafnyOptions options) {
     if (options.UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriter) {
       return new DocstringRewriter[] {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/OpaqueMemberRewriter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/OpaqueMemberRewriter.cs
index 55afa68a9d6..385f703867a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/OpaqueMemberRewriter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/OpaqueMemberRewriter.cs
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ protected void AnnotateRevealFunction(Method lemma, Function f) {
     var nameSegment = new NameSegment(f.tok, f.Name, f.TypeArgs.Count == 0 ? null : typeApplication);
     var rr = new MemberSelectExpr(f.tok, receiver, f.Name);
     rr.Member = f;
-    rr.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = typeApplication;
-    rr.TypeApplication_JustMember = typeApplication_JustForMember;
+    rr.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = typeApplication;
+    rr.TypeApplicationJustMember = typeApplication_JustForMember;
     List<Type> args = new List<Type>();
-    for (int i = 0; i < f.Formals.Count; i++) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < f.Ins.Count; i++) {
       args.Add(new IntType());
     }
     rr.Type = new ArrowType(f.tok, args, new IntType());
@@ -147,12 +147,12 @@ private void GenerateRevealLemma(MemberDecl m, List<MemberDecl> newDecls) {
     }
     Method reveal;
     if (m is TwoStateFunction) {
-      reveal = new TwoStateLemma(m.RangeToken.MakeAutoGenerated(), m.NameNode.Prepend(RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix), isStatic,
+      reveal = new TwoStateLemma(m.RangeToken.MakeAutoGenerated(), m.NameNode.Prepend(HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix), isStatic,
         new List<TypeParameter>(), new List<Formal>(), new List<Formal>(), new List<AttributedExpression>(),
         new Specification<FrameExpression>(), new Specification<FrameExpression>(), ens,
         new Specification<Expression>(new List<Expression>(), null), null, lemma_attrs, null);
     } else {
-      reveal = new Lemma(m.RangeToken.MakeAutoGenerated(), m.NameNode.Prepend(RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix), isStatic, new List<TypeParameter>(),
+      reveal = new Lemma(m.RangeToken.MakeAutoGenerated(), m.NameNode.Prepend(HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix), isStatic, new List<TypeParameter>(),
         new List<Formal>(), new List<Formal>(), new List<AttributedExpression>(),
         new Specification<FrameExpression>(), new Specification<FrameExpression>(), ens,
         new Specification<Expression>(new List<Expression>(), null), null, lemma_attrs, null);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/PrecedenceLinter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/PrecedenceLinter.cs
index c9bd9201861..bc783771344 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/PrecedenceLinter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/PrecedenceLinter.cs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
   public class PrecedenceLinter : IRewriter {
     private readonly CompilationData compilation;
     // Don't perform linting on doo files in general, since the source has already been processed.
-    internal override void PostResolve(ModuleDefinition moduleDefinition) {
+    internal override void PreResolve(ModuleDefinition moduleDefinition) {
       if (moduleDefinition.tok.Uri != null && !moduleDefinition.ShouldVerify(compilation)) {
         return;
       }
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class PrecedenceLinterVisitor : TopDownVisitor<LeftMargin> {
     private readonly CompilationData compilation;
     private readonly ErrorReporter reporter;
 
-    public PrecedenceLinterVisitor(CompilationData compilation, ErrorReporter reporter) {
+    public PrecedenceLinterVisitor(CompilationData compilation, ErrorReporter reporter) : base(false) {
       this.compilation = compilation;
       this.reporter = reporter;
     }
@@ -107,6 +107,15 @@ protected override bool VisitOneExpr(Expression expr, ref LeftMargin st) {
       // operator (e.g., ==>). As a guide, we look at how the user formatted the code,
       // that is, we inspect line and column information.
 
+      if (expr is ApplySuffix applySuffix) {
+        Visit(applySuffix.Lhs, st);
+        foreach (var argument in applySuffix.Bindings.ArgumentBindings.Select(b => b.Actual)) {
+          VisitIndependentComponent(argument);
+        }
+
+        return false;
+      }
+
       if (expr is BinaryExpr bin && (bin.Op == BinaryExpr.Opcode.Imp || bin.Op == BinaryExpr.Opcode.Exp || bin.Op == BinaryExpr.Opcode.Iff)) {
         // For
         //   a)  LHS ==> RHS
@@ -156,15 +165,11 @@ protected override bool VisitOneExpr(Expression expr, ref LeftMargin st) {
         VisitRhsComponent(expr.tok, letExpr.Body, "body of let-expression");
         return false; // indicate that we've already processed expr's subexpressions
 
-      } else if (expr is OldExpr or FreshExpr or UnchangedExpr or DatatypeValue or DisplayExpression or MapDisplayExpr) {
+      } else if (expr is OldExpr or FreshExpr or UnchangedExpr or DisplayExpression or MapDisplayExpr) {
         // In these expressions, all subexpressions are contained in parentheses, so there's no risk of precedence confusion
         expr.SubExpressions.ForEach(VisitIndependentComponent);
         return false; // indicate that we've already processed expr's subexpressions
 
-      } else if (expr is FunctionCallExpr functionCallExpr) {
-        return VisitComponentsAsIndependentExceptOne(expr, functionCallExpr.Receiver, st);
-      } else if (expr is ApplyExpr applyExpr) {
-        return VisitComponentsAsIndependentExceptOne(expr, applyExpr.Function, st);
       } else if (expr is DatatypeUpdateExpr datatypeUpdateExpr) {
         return VisitComponentsAsIndependentExceptOne(expr, datatypeUpdateExpr.Root, st);
       } else if (expr is SeqSelectExpr selectExpr) {
@@ -234,12 +239,7 @@ void VisitLhsComponent(IToken errorToken, Expression expr, int leftMargin, strin
     }
 
     void VisitRhsComponent(IToken errorToken, Expression expr, string what) {
-      if (expr.StartToken == null) {
-        // Might be a resolved expression.
-        VisitIndependentComponent(expr);
-      } else {
-        VisitRhsComponent(errorToken, expr, expr.StartToken.col, what);
-      }
+      VisitRhsComponent(errorToken, expr, expr.StartToken.col, what);
     }
 
     void VisitRhsComponent(IToken errorToken, Expression expr, int rightMargin, string what) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RefinementErrors.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RefinementErrors.cs
index 1ea8cf6e2a2..7491042b904 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RefinementErrors.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RefinementErrors.cs
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ public enum ErrorId {
     ref_mismatched_type_parameter_nonempty,
     ref_mismatched_type_parameter_not_reference,
     ref_mismatched_type_parameter_variance,
+    ref_mismatched_type_bounds_count,
+    ref_mismatched_type_parameter_bound,
     ref_mismatched_kind_count,
     ref_mismatched_kind_name,
     ref_mismatched_kind_ghost,
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RefinementTransformer.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RefinementTransformer.cs
index 8895488fd30..e3d14e3d44e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RefinementTransformer.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RefinementTransformer.cs
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ private void MergeTopLevelDecls(ModuleDefinition m, IPointer<TopLevelDecl> nwPoi
               "a {0} ({1}) cannot declare members, so it cannot refine an abstract type with members",
               nw.WhatKind, nw.Name);
           } else {
-            CheckAgreement_TypeParameters(nw.tok, d.TypeArgs, nw.TypeArgs, nw.Name, "type", false);
+            CheckAgreement_TypeParameters(nw.tok, d.TypeArgs, nw.TypeArgs, nw.Name, "type");
           }
         }
       } else if (nw is AbstractTypeDecl) {
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ Function CloneFunction(Function newFunction, Function previousFunction, Expressi
       Contract.Requires(moreBody == null || replacementBody == null);
 
       var tps = previousFunction.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(refinementCloner.CloneTypeParam);
-      var formals = previousFunction.Formals.ConvertAll(p => refinementCloner.CloneFormal(p, false));
+      var formals = previousFunction.Ins.ConvertAll(p => refinementCloner.CloneFormal(p, false));
       var req = previousFunction.Req.ConvertAll(refinementCloner.CloneAttributedExpr);
       var reads = refinementCloner.CloneSpecFrameExpr(previousFunction.Reads);
       var decreases = refinementCloner.CloneSpecExpr(previousFunction.Decreases);
@@ -736,11 +736,11 @@ TopLevelDeclWithMembers MergeClass(TopLevelDeclWithMembers nw, TopLevelDeclWithM
               }
               if (f.SignatureIsOmitted) {
                 Contract.Assert(f.TypeArgs.Count == 0);
-                Contract.Assert(f.Formals.Count == 0);
+                Contract.Assert(f.Ins.Count == 0);
                 Reporter.Info(MessageSource.RefinementTransformer, f.SignatureEllipsis, Printer.FunctionSignatureToString(Reporter.Options, prevFunction));
               } else {
                 CheckAgreement_TypeParameters(f.tok, prevFunction.TypeArgs, f.TypeArgs, f.Name, "function");
-                CheckAgreement_Parameters(f.tok, prevFunction.Formals, f.Formals, f.Name, "function", "parameter");
+                CheckAgreement_Parameters(f.tok, prevFunction.Ins, f.Ins, f.Name, "function", "parameter");
                 if (prevFunction.Result != null && f.Result != null && prevFunction.Result.Name != f.Result.Name) {
                   Error(ErrorId.ref_mismatched_function_return_name, f, "the name of function return value '{0}'({1}) differs from the name of corresponding function return value in the module it refines ({2})", f.Name, f.Result.Name, prevFunction.Result.Name);
                 }
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@ TopLevelDeclWithMembers MergeClass(TopLevelDeclWithMembers nw, TopLevelDeclWithM
 
       return nw;
     }
-    void CheckAgreement_TypeParameters(IToken tok, List<TypeParameter> old, List<TypeParameter> nw, string name, string thing, bool checkNames = true) {
+    void CheckAgreement_TypeParameters(IToken tok, List<TypeParameter> old, List<TypeParameter> nw, string name, string thing) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(old != null);
       Contract.Requires(nw != null);
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@ void CheckAgreement_TypeParameters(IToken tok, List<TypeParameter> old, List<Typ
         for (int i = 0; i < old.Count; i++) {
           var o = old[i];
           var n = nw[i];
-          if (o.Name != n.Name && checkNames) { // if checkNames is false, then just treat the parameters positionally.
+          if (o.Name != n.Name) {
             Error(ErrorId.ref_mismatched_type_parameter_name, n.tok, "type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the {0} in the module being refined (expected '{1}', found '{2}')", thing, o.Name, n.Name);
           } else {
             // This explains what we want to do and why:
@@ -876,11 +876,31 @@ void CheckAgreement_TypeParameters(IToken tok, List<TypeParameter> old, List<Typ
               var nv = n.Variance == TypeParameter.TPVariance.Co ? "+" : n.Variance == TypeParameter.TPVariance.Contra ? "-" : "=";
               Error(ErrorId.ref_mismatched_type_parameter_variance, n.tok, "type parameter '{0}' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '{1}' to '{2}')", n.Name, ov, nv);
             }
+
+            CheckAgreement_TypeBounds(n.tok, o, n, name, thing);
           }
         }
       }
     }
 
+    void CheckAgreement_TypeBounds(IToken tok, TypeParameter old, TypeParameter nw, string name, string thing) {
+      if (old.TypeBounds.Count != nw.TypeBounds.Count) {
+        Error(ErrorId.ref_mismatched_type_bounds_count, tok,
+          $"type parameter '{nw.Name}' of {thing} '{name}' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the corresponding {thing}" +
+          $" in the module it refines (expected {old.TypeBounds.Count}, found {nw.TypeBounds.Count})");
+        return;
+      }
+      for (var i = 0; i < old.TypeBounds.Count; i++) {
+        var oldBound = old.TypeBounds[i];
+        var newBound = nw.TypeBounds[i];
+        if (!TypesAreSyntacticallyEqual(oldBound, newBound)) {
+          Error(ErrorId.ref_mismatched_type_parameter_bound, tok,
+            $"type bound for type parameter '{nw.Name}' of {thing} '{name}' is different from the corresponding type bound of the " +
+            $"corresponding type parameter of the corresponding {thing} in the module it refines (expected '{oldBound}', found '{newBound}')");
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     void CheckAgreement_Parameters(IToken tok, List<Formal> old, List<Formal> nw, string name, string thing, string parameterKind) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(old != null);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RewriterCollection.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RewriterCollection.cs
index c2e1c05b3ba..573ad83e3e1 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RewriterCollection.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RewriterCollection.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ public static IList<IRewriter> GetRewriters(ErrorReporter reporter, Program prog
     result.Add(new TimeLimitRewriter(reporter));
     result.Add(new ForallStmtRewriter(reporter));
     result.Add(new ProvideRevealAllRewriter(reporter));
-    result.Add(new MatchFlattener(reporter, program.Compilation.IdGenerator));
+    result.Add(new MatchFlattener(reporter));
 
     if (reporter.Options.AutoTriggers) {
       result.Add(new QuantifierSplittingRewriter(reporter));
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RunAllTestsMainMethod.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RunAllTestsMainMethod.cs
index 51ed7234539..d158261d849 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RunAllTestsMainMethod.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Rewriters/RunAllTestsMainMethod.cs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 public class RunAllTestsMainMethod : IRewriter {
 
   static RunAllTestsMainMethod() {
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(IncludeTestRunner);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(IncludeTestRunner, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 
   public static Option<bool> IncludeTestRunner = new("--include-test-runner",
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ internal override void PreResolve(Program program) {
     // and would be low-value anyway.
     var noVerifyAttribute = new Attributes("verify", new List<Expression> { new LiteralExpr(Token.NoToken, false) }, null);
 
-    var mainMethod = new Method(RangeToken.NoToken, new Name(SyntheticTestMainName), false, false,
+    var mainMethod = new Method(RangeToken.NoToken.MakeAutoGenerated(), new Name(SyntheticTestMainName), false, false,
       new List<TypeParameter>(), new List<Formal>(), new List<Formal>(),
       new List<AttributedExpression>(),
       new Specification<FrameExpression>(),
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ internal override void PreResolve(Program program) {
   /// }
   /// </summary>
   internal override void PostResolve(Program program) {
-    var tok = program.GetStartOfFirstFileToken();
+    var tok = program.GetStartOfFirstFileToken() ?? Token.NoToken;
     List<Statement> mainMethodStatements = new();
-    var idGenerator = new FreshIdGenerator();
+    var idGenerator = new CodeGenIdGenerator();
 
     // var success := true;
     var successVarStmt = Statement.CreateLocalVariable(tok, "success", Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(tok, true));
@@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ internal override void PostResolve(Program program) {
           var receiverExpr = new StaticReceiverExpr(tok, (TopLevelDeclWithMembers)method.EnclosingClass, true);
           var methodSelectExpr = new MemberSelectExpr(tok, receiverExpr, method.Name) {
             Member = method,
-            TypeApplication_JustMember = new List<Type>(),
-            TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = new List<Type>()
+            TypeApplicationJustMember = new List<Type>(),
+            TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = new List<Type>()
           };
 
           if (method.Ins.Count != 0) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Snippets.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Snippets.cs
index 61a37afa9c5..4c8f0c7eb2c 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Snippets.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Snippets.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 namespace DafnyCore;
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ public class Snippets {
     "Show a source code snippet for each Dafny message.");
 
   static Snippets() {
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(ShowSnippets);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ShowSnippets, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 
   public static void WriteSourceCodeSnippet(DafnyOptions options, IToken tok, TextWriter tw) {
@@ -47,9 +48,7 @@ private static string GetFileLine(DafnyOptions options, Uri uri, int lineIndex)
       try {
         // Note: This is not guaranteed to be the same file that Dafny parsed. To ensure that, Dafny should keep
         // an in-memory version of each file it parses.
-#pragma warning disable VSTHRD002
-        var file = DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(new ErrorReporterSink(options), OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, options, uri, Token.NoToken).Result;
-#pragma warning restore VSTHRD002
+        var file = DafnyFile.HandleDafnyFile(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, new ErrorReporterSink(options), options, uri, Token.NoToken);
         using var reader = file.GetContent();
         lines = Util.Lines(reader).ToList();
       } catch (Exception) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/StringOnlyCustomAttributeTypeProvider.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/StringOnlyCustomAttributeTypeProvider.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7af78fdb2a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/StringOnlyCustomAttributeTypeProvider.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#nullable enable
+using System;
+using System.Reflection.Metadata;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Dummy implementation of ICustomAttributeTypeProvider, providing just enough
+/// functionality to successfully decode a DafnySourceAttribute value.
+/// </summary>
+internal class StringOnlyCustomAttributeTypeProvider : ICustomAttributeTypeProvider<System.Type> {
+  public System.Type GetPrimitiveType(PrimitiveTypeCode typeCode) {
+    if (typeCode == PrimitiveTypeCode.String) {
+      return typeof(string);
+    }
+    throw new NotImplementedException();
+  }
+
+  public System.Type GetTypeFromDefinition(MetadataReader reader, TypeDefinitionHandle handle, byte rawTypeKind) {
+    throw new NotImplementedException();
+  }
+
+  public System.Type GetTypeFromReference(MetadataReader reader, TypeReferenceHandle handle, byte rawTypeKind) {
+    throw new NotImplementedException();
+  }
+
+  public System.Type GetSZArrayType(System.Type elementType) {
+    throw new NotImplementedException();
+  }
+
+  public System.Type GetSystemType() {
+    throw new NotImplementedException();
+  }
+
+  public System.Type GetTypeFromSerializedName(string name) {
+    throw new NotImplementedException();
+  }
+
+  public PrimitiveTypeCode GetUnderlyingEnumType(System.Type type) {
+    throw new NotImplementedException();
+  }
+
+  public bool IsSystemType(System.Type type) {
+    throw new NotImplementedException();
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/TestGenerationOptions.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/TestGenerationOptions.cs
index 814bd4d44d1..1a39e06714d 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/TestGenerationOptions.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/TestGenerationOptions.cs
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ public class TestGenerationOptions {
     public const string TestInlineAttribute = "testInline";
     public const string TestEntryAttribute = "testEntry";
     public bool WarnDeadCode = false;
+
+    public bool IgnoreWarnings = false;
     public enum Modes { None, Block, InlinedBlock, Path };
     public Modes Mode = Modes.None;
     public uint SeqLengthLimit = 0;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Triggers/TriggerExtensions.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Triggers/TriggerExtensions.cs
index 7166b8d954b..e1417a6492a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Triggers/TriggerExtensions.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Triggers/TriggerExtensions.cs
@@ -154,7 +154,6 @@ private static bool ShallowSameSingleAttribute(Attributes arg1, Attributes arg2)
     private static bool SameBoundVar(IVariable arg1, IVariable arg2) {
       return arg1 == arg2 ||
              (arg1.Name == arg2.Name &&
-              arg1.CompileName == arg2.CompileName &&
               arg1.DisplayName == arg2.DisplayName &&
               arg1.UniqueName == arg2.UniqueName &&
               arg1.IsGhost == arg2.IsGhost &&
@@ -418,8 +417,8 @@ private static bool ShallowEq(MemberSelectExpr expr1, MemberSelectExpr expr2) {
       Func<Type, Type, bool> comparer1 = TypeEq;
       return expr1.MemberName == expr2.MemberName &&
              expr1.Member == expr2.Member &&
-             expr1.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass.SequenceEqual(expr2.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass, new PredicateEqualityComparer<Type>(comparer)) &&
-             expr1.TypeApplication_JustMember.SequenceEqual(expr2.TypeApplication_JustMember, new PredicateEqualityComparer<Type>(comparer1));
+             expr1.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass.SequenceEqual(expr2.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass, new PredicateEqualityComparer<Type>(comparer)) &&
+             expr1.TypeApplicationJustMember.SequenceEqual(expr2.TypeApplicationJustMember, new PredicateEqualityComparer<Type>(comparer1));
     }
 
     internal static bool TypeEq(Type type1, Type type2) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.BoogieFactory.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.BoogieFactory.cs
index f707a486cd8..20900f58c02 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.BoogieFactory.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.BoogieFactory.cs
@@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ static Bpl.Expr BplForall(Bpl.IToken tok, List<Bpl.TypeVariable> typeParams,
         : new Bpl.ForallExpr(tok, typeParams, formals, kv, triggers, body, immutable);
     }
 
-    static Bpl.Expr BplAnd(IEnumerable<Bpl.Expr> conjuncts) {
+    public static Bpl.Expr BplAnd(IEnumerable<Bpl.Expr> conjuncts) {
       Contract.Requires(conjuncts != null);
       Bpl.Expr eq = Bpl.Expr.True;
       foreach (var c in conjuncts) {
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ static Bpl.Expr BplAnd(IEnumerable<Bpl.Expr> conjuncts) {
       return eq;
     }
 
-    static Bpl.Expr BplAnd(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
+    public static Bpl.Expr BplAnd(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
       Contract.Requires(a != null);
       Contract.Requires(b != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Expr>() != null);
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ static Bpl.Expr BplAnd(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
       }
     }
 
-    static Bpl.Expr BplOr(IEnumerable<Bpl.Expr> disjuncts) {
+    public static Bpl.Expr BplOr(IEnumerable<Bpl.Expr> disjuncts) {
       Contract.Requires(disjuncts != null);
       Bpl.Expr eq = Bpl.Expr.False;
       foreach (var d in disjuncts) {
@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ static Bpl.Expr BplOr(IEnumerable<Bpl.Expr> disjuncts) {
       return eq;
     }
 
-    static Bpl.Expr BplOr(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
+    public static Bpl.Expr BplOr(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
       Contract.Requires(a != null);
       Contract.Requires(b != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Expr>() != null);
@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@ static Bpl.Expr BplOr(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
       }
     }
 
-    static Bpl.Expr BplIff(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
+    public static Bpl.Expr BplIff(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
       Contract.Requires(a != null);
       Contract.Requires(b != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Expr>() != null);
@@ -767,7 +767,7 @@ static Bpl.Expr BplIff(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
       }
     }
 
-    static Bpl.Expr BplImp(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
+    public static Bpl.Expr BplImp(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
       Contract.Requires(a != null);
       Contract.Requires(b != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Expr>() != null);
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ static Bpl.Expr BplImp(Bpl.Expr a, Bpl.Expr b) {
 
     private void BplIfIf(Bpl.IToken tk, bool yes, Bpl.Expr guard, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, Action<BoogieStmtListBuilder> k) {
       if (yes) {
-        var newBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(builder.tran, options);
+        var newBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(builder.tran, options, builder.Context);
         k(newBuilder);
         builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(tk, guard, newBuilder.Collect(tk), null, null));
       } else {
@@ -829,12 +829,12 @@ static Bpl.Axiom BplAxiom(Bpl.Expr e) {
       return new Bpl.Axiom(e.tok, e);
     }
 
-    static Bpl.Expr BplLocalVar(string name, Bpl.Type ty, List<Bpl.Variable> lvars) {
+    public static Bpl.Expr BplLocalVar(string name, Bpl.Type ty, List<Bpl.Variable> lvars) {
       lvars.Add(BplLocalVar(name, ty, out var v));
       return v;
     }
 
-    static Bpl.LocalVariable BplLocalVar(string name, Bpl.Type ty, out Bpl.Expr e) {
+    public static Bpl.LocalVariable BplLocalVar(string name, Bpl.Type ty, out Bpl.Expr e) {
       Contract.Requires(ty != null);
       var v = new Bpl.LocalVariable(ty.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(ty.tok, name, ty));
       e = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(ty.tok, name, ty);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Decreases.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Decreases.cs
index 31e18d6bde2..6a52c81f018 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Decreases.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Decreases.cs
@@ -33,16 +33,16 @@ public partial class BoogieGenerator {
   ///     allowance || (calleeDecreases LESS contextDecreases).
   /// </summary>
   void CheckCallTermination(IToken tok, List<Expression> contextDecreases, List<Expression> calleeDecreases,
-                            Bpl.Expr allowance,
+                            Expression allowance,
                             Expression receiverReplacement, Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> substMap,
+                            Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> directSubstMap,
                             Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> typeMap,
-                            ExpressionTranslator etranCurrent, ExpressionTranslator etranInitial, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, bool inferredDecreases, string hint) {
+                            ExpressionTranslator etranCurrent, bool oldCaller, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, bool inferredDecreases, string hint) {
     Contract.Requires(tok != null);
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(contextDecreases));
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(calleeDecreases));
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullDictionaryAndValues(substMap));
     Contract.Requires(etranCurrent != null);
-    Contract.Requires(etranInitial != null);
     Contract.Requires(builder != null);
 
     // The interpretation of the given decreases-clause expression tuples is as a lexicographic tuple, extended into
@@ -58,33 +58,41 @@ void CheckCallTermination(IToken tok, List<Expression> contextDecreases, List<Ex
 
     int N = Math.Min(contextDecreases.Count, calleeDecreases.Count);
     var toks = new List<IToken>();
-    var types0 = new List<Type>();
-    var types1 = new List<Type>();
     var callee = new List<Expr>();
     var caller = new List<Expr>();
+    var oldExpressions = new List<Expression>();
+    var newExpressions = new List<Expression>();
     if (RefinementToken.IsInherited(tok, currentModule) && contextDecreases.All(e => !RefinementToken.IsInherited(e.tok, currentModule))) {
       // the call site is inherited but all the context decreases expressions are new
       tok = new ForceCheckToken(tok);
     }
     for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
       Expression e0 = Substitute(calleeDecreases[i], receiverReplacement, substMap, typeMap);
+      Expression e0direct = Substitute(calleeDecreases[i], receiverReplacement, directSubstMap, typeMap);
       Expression e1 = contextDecreases[i];
+      if (oldCaller) {
+        e1 = new OldExpr(e1.tok, e1) {
+          Type = e1.Type // To ensure that e1 stays resolved
+        };
+      }
       if (!CompatibleDecreasesTypes(e0.Type, e1.Type)) {
         N = i;
         break;
       }
+      oldExpressions.Add(e1);
+      newExpressions.Add(e0direct);
       toks.Add(new NestedToken(tok, e1.tok));
-      types0.Add(e0.Type.NormalizeExpand());
-      types1.Add(e1.Type.NormalizeExpand());
       callee.Add(etranCurrent.TrExpr(e0));
-      caller.Add(etranInitial.TrExpr(e1));
+      caller.Add(etranCurrent.TrExpr(e1));
     }
     bool endsWithWinningTopComparison = N == contextDecreases.Count && N < calleeDecreases.Count;
-    Bpl.Expr decrExpr = DecreasesCheck(toks, types0, types1, callee, caller, builder, "", endsWithWinningTopComparison, false);
+    Bpl.Expr decrExpr = DecreasesCheck(toks, null, newExpressions, oldExpressions, callee, caller, builder, "", endsWithWinningTopComparison, false);
     if (allowance != null) {
-      decrExpr = BplOr(allowance, decrExpr);
+      decrExpr = BplOr(etranCurrent.TrExpr(allowance), decrExpr);
     }
-    builder.Add(Assert(tok, decrExpr, new PODesc.Terminates(inferredDecreases, false, hint)));
+    builder.Add(Assert(tok, decrExpr, new
+      PODesc.Terminates(inferredDecreases, null, allowance,
+                        oldExpressions, newExpressions, endsWithWinningTopComparison, hint)));
   }
 
   /// <summary>
@@ -94,28 +102,38 @@ void CheckCallTermination(IToken tok, List<Expression> contextDecreases, List<Ex
   /// If builder is non-null, then the check '0 ATMOST decr' is generated to builder.
   /// Requires all types in types0 and types1 to be non-proxy non-synonym types (that is, callers should invoke NormalizeExpand)
   /// </summary>
-  Bpl.Expr DecreasesCheck(List<IToken> toks, List<Type> types0, List<Type> types1, List<Bpl.Expr> ee0, List<Bpl.Expr> ee1,
+  Bpl.Expr DecreasesCheck(List<IToken> toks, List<VarDeclStmt> prevGhostLocals,
+                          List<Expression> dafny0, List<Expression> dafny1, List<Bpl.Expr> ee0, List<Bpl.Expr> ee1,
                           BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, string suffixMsg, bool allowNoChange, bool includeLowerBound) {
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(toks));
-    Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(types0));
-    Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(types1));
+    Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(dafny0));
+    Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(dafny1));
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(ee0));
     Contract.Requires(cce.NonNullElements(ee1));
     Contract.Requires(predef != null);
-    Contract.Requires(types0.Count == types1.Count && types0.Count == ee0.Count && ee0.Count == ee1.Count);
+    Contract.Requires(dafny0.Count == dafny1.Count && dafny0.Count == ee0.Count && ee0.Count == ee1.Count);
     Contract.Requires(builder == null || suffixMsg != null);
     Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Expr>() != null);
 
-    int N = types0.Count;
+    int N = dafny0.Count;
 
     // compute eq and less for each component of the lexicographic tuple
     List<Bpl.Expr> Eq = new List<Bpl.Expr>(N);
     List<Bpl.Expr> Less = new List<Bpl.Expr>(N);
+    List<Expression> EqDafny = new List<Expression>(N);
+    List<Expression> LessDafny = new List<Expression>(N);
     for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
       Bpl.Expr less, atmost, eq;
-      ComputeLessEq(toks[i], types0[i], types1[i], ee0[i], ee1[i], out less, out atmost, out eq, includeLowerBound);
+      var ty0 = dafny0[i].Type.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints();
+      var ty1 = dafny1[i].Type.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints();
+      ComputeLessEq(toks[i], ty0, ty1, ee0[i], ee1[i], out less, out atmost, out eq, includeLowerBound);
       Eq.Add(eq);
+      EqDafny.Add(Expression.CreateEq(dafny0[i], dafny1[i], dafny0[i].Type.NormalizeExpand()));
       Less.Add(allowNoChange ? atmost : less);
+      LessDafny.Add(
+        allowNoChange
+          ? Expression.CreateAtMost(dafny0[i], dafny1[i])
+          : Expression.CreateLess(dafny0[i], dafny1[i]));
     }
     if (builder != null) {
       // check: 0 <= ee1
@@ -129,20 +147,28 @@ Bpl.Expr DecreasesCheck(List<IToken> toks, List<Type> types0, List<Type> types1,
         };
 
         Bpl.Expr zero = null;
+        Expression dafnyZero = null;
         string zeroStr = null;
-        if (types0[k].IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int)) {
+        if (dafny0[k].Type.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints().IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int)) {
           zero = Bpl.Expr.Literal(0);
+          dafnyZero = Expression.CreateIntLiteral(dafny0[k].tok, 0);
           zeroStr = "0";
-        } else if (types0[k].IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
+        } else if (dafny0[k].Type.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints().IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
           zero = Bpl.Expr.Literal(BaseTypes.BigDec.ZERO);
+          dafnyZero = Expression.CreateRealLiteral(dafny0[k].tok, BigDec.ZERO);
           zeroStr = "0.0";
         }
         if (zero != null) {
           Bpl.Expr bounded = Bpl.Expr.Le(zero, ee1[k]);
+          Expression boundedDafny = Expression.CreateAtMost(dafnyZero, dafny1[k]);
           for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
             bounded = BplOr(bounded, Less[i]);
+            boundedDafny = Expression.CreateOr(boundedDafny, LessDafny[i]);
           }
-          Bpl.Cmd cmd = Assert(toks[k], BplOr(bounded, Eq[k]), new PODesc.DecreasesBoundedBelow(N, k, zeroStr, suffixMsg));
+
+          Expression dafnyBound = Expression.CreateOr(boundedDafny, EqDafny[k]);
+          Bpl.Cmd cmd = Assert(toks[k], BplOr(bounded, Eq[k]),
+            new PODesc.DecreasesBoundedBelow(N, k, zeroStr, prevGhostLocals, dafnyBound, suffixMsg));
           builder.Add(cmd);
         }
       }
@@ -163,7 +189,7 @@ Bpl.Expr DecreasesCheck(List<IToken> toks, List<Type> types0, List<Type> types1,
     return decrCheck;
   }
 
-  bool CompatibleDecreasesTypes(Type t, Type u) {
+  static bool CompatibleDecreasesTypes(Type t, Type u) {
     Contract.Requires(t != null);
     Contract.Requires(u != null);
     t = t.NormalizeToAncestorType();
@@ -346,5 +372,8 @@ void ComputeLessEq(IToken tok, Type ty0, Type ty1, Bpl.Expr e0, Bpl.Expr e1, out
       less = BplAnd(Bpl.Expr.Not(b0), b1);
       atmost = BplImp(b0, b1);
     }
+
+    less.tok = tok;
+    atmost.tok = tok;
   }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.DefiniteAssignment.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.DefiniteAssignment.cs
index cdb1eb62d12..b595aeec5f7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.DefiniteAssignment.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.DefiniteAssignment.cs
@@ -17,16 +17,17 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
   public partial class BoogieGenerator {
+    public const string DefassPrefix = "defass#";
 
     #region Definite-assignment tracking
 
-    bool NeedsDefiniteAssignmentTracker(bool isGhost, Type type, bool isFIeld) {
+    bool NeedsDefiniteAssignmentTracker(bool isGhost, Type type, bool isField) {
       Contract.Requires(type != null);
 
       if (options.DefiniteAssignmentLevel == 0) {
         return false;
       } else if (options.DefiniteAssignmentLevel == 1 ||
-                 (options.DefiniteAssignmentLevel == 4 && isFIeld && !options.ForbidNondeterminism)) {
+                 (options.DefiniteAssignmentLevel == 4 && isField && !options.ForbidNondeterminism)) {
         if (isGhost && type.IsNonempty) {
           return false;
         } else if (!isGhost && type.HasCompilableValue) {
@@ -48,14 +49,14 @@ bool NeedsDefiniteAssignmentTracker(bool isGhost, Type type, bool isFIeld) {
 
       Bpl.Variable tracker;
       if (isOutParam) {
-        tracker = new Bpl.Formal(p.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.Tok, "defass#" + p.UniqueName, Bpl.Type.Bool), false);
+        tracker = new Bpl.Formal(p.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.Tok, DefassPrefix + p.UniqueName, Bpl.Type.Bool), false);
       } else {
-        tracker = new Bpl.LocalVariable(p.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.Tok, "defass#" + p.UniqueName, Bpl.Type.Bool));
+        tracker = new Bpl.LocalVariable(p.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.Tok, DefassPrefix + p.UniqueName, Bpl.Type.Bool));
       }
 
       localVariables.Add(tracker);
       var ie = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.Tok, tracker);
-      definiteAssignmentTrackers.Add(p.UniqueName, ie);
+      DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Add(p.UniqueName, ie);
       return ie;
     }
 
@@ -63,8 +64,8 @@ void AddExistingDefiniteAssignmentTracker(IVariable p, bool forceGhostVar) {
       Contract.Requires(p != null);
 
       if (NeedsDefiniteAssignmentTracker(p.IsGhost || forceGhostVar, p.Type, false)) {
-        var ie = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.Tok, "defass#" + p.UniqueName, Bpl.Type.Bool);
-        definiteAssignmentTrackers.Add(p.UniqueName, ie);
+        var ie = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.Tok, DefassPrefix + p.UniqueName, Bpl.Type.Bool);
+        DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Add(p.UniqueName, ie);
       }
     }
 
@@ -79,13 +80,13 @@ void AddDefiniteAssignmentTrackerSurrogate(Field field, TopLevelDeclWithMembers
       }
 
       var nm = SurrogateName(field);
-      var tracker = new Bpl.LocalVariable(field.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(field.tok, "defass#" + nm, Bpl.Type.Bool));
+      var tracker = new Bpl.LocalVariable(field.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(field.tok, DefassPrefix + nm, Bpl.Type.Bool));
       localVariables.Add(tracker);
       var ie = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(field.tok, tracker);
-      definiteAssignmentTrackers.Add(nm, ie);
+      DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Add(nm, ie);
     }
 
-    void RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTrackers(List<Statement> ss, int prevDefAssTrackerCount) {
+    public void RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTrackers(List<Statement> ss, int prevDefAssTrackerCount) {
       Contract.Requires(ss != null);
       foreach (var s in ss) {
         if (s is VarDeclStmt vdecl) {
@@ -107,17 +108,17 @@ void RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTrackers(List<Statement> ss, int prevDefAssTrackerC
         }
       }
 
-      Contract.Assert(prevDefAssTrackerCount == definiteAssignmentTrackers.Count);
+      Contract.Assert(prevDefAssTrackerCount == DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Count);
     }
 
     void RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTracker(IVariable p) {
       Contract.Requires(p != null);
-      definiteAssignmentTrackers.Remove(p.UniqueName);
+      DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Remove(p.UniqueName);
     }
 
     void RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTrackerSurrogate(Field field) {
       Contract.Requires(field != null);
-      definiteAssignmentTrackers.Remove(SurrogateName(field));
+      DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Remove(SurrogateName(field));
     }
 
     void MarkDefiniteAssignmentTracker(IdentifierExpr expr, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
@@ -132,7 +133,7 @@ void MarkDefiniteAssignmentTracker(IToken tok, string name, BoogieStmtListBuilde
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
 
       Bpl.IdentifierExpr ie;
-      if (definiteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(name, out ie)) {
+      if (DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(name, out ie)) {
         builder.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(tok, ie, Bpl.Expr.True));
       }
     }
@@ -140,8 +141,8 @@ void MarkDefiniteAssignmentTracker(IToken tok, string name, BoogieStmtListBuilde
     internal IToken GetToken(INode node) {
       if (flags.ReportRanges) {
         // Filter against IHasUsages to only select declarations, not usages.
-        if (node is IDeclarationOrUsage declarationOrUsage && node is not IHasUsages) {
-          return new BoogieRangeToken(node.StartToken, node.EndToken, declarationOrUsage.NameToken);
+        if (node is IHasNavigationToken declarationOrUsage && node is not IHasReferences) {
+          return new BoogieRangeToken(node.StartToken, node.EndToken, declarationOrUsage.NavigationToken);
         }
 
         return new BoogieRangeToken(node.StartToken, node.EndToken, node.Tok);
@@ -162,8 +163,9 @@ void CheckDefiniteAssignment(IdentifierExpr expr, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder)
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
 
       Bpl.IdentifierExpr ie;
-      if (definiteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(expr.Var.UniqueName, out ie)) {
-        builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), ie, new PODesc.DefiniteAssignment($"variable '{expr.Var.Name}'", "here")));
+      if (DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(expr.Var.UniqueName, out ie)) {
+        builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), ie,
+          new PODesc.DefiniteAssignment("variable", expr.Var.Name, "here")));
       }
     }
 
@@ -172,7 +174,7 @@ void CheckDefiniteAssignment(IdentifierExpr expr, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder)
     /// </summary>
     Bpl.IdentifierExpr /*?*/ GetDefiniteAssignmentTracker(IVariable var) {
       Bpl.IdentifierExpr ie;
-      if (definiteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(var.UniqueName, out ie)) {
+      if (DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(var.UniqueName, out ie)) {
         return ie;
       }
 
@@ -186,9 +188,9 @@ void CheckDefiniteAssignmentSurrogate(IToken tok, Field field, bool atNew, Boogi
 
       var nm = SurrogateName(field);
       Bpl.IdentifierExpr ie;
-      if (definiteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(nm, out ie)) {
-        var desc = new PODesc.DefiniteAssignment($"field '{field.Name}'",
-          atNew ? "at this point in the constructor body" : "here");
+      if (DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(nm, out ie)) {
+        var desc = new PODesc.DefiniteAssignment(
+          "field", field.Name, atNew ? "at this point in the constructor body" : "here");
         builder.Add(Assert(tok, ie, desc));
       }
     }
@@ -229,8 +231,8 @@ void CheckDefiniteAssignmentReturn(IToken tok, Formal p, BoogieStmtListBuilder b
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
 
       Bpl.IdentifierExpr ie;
-      if (definiteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(p.UniqueName, out ie)) {
-        var desc = new PODesc.DefiniteAssignment($"out-parameter '{p.Name}'", "at this return point");
+      if (DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(p.UniqueName, out ie)) {
+        var desc = new PODesc.DefiniteAssignment("out-parameter", p.Name, "at this return point");
         builder.Add(Assert(tok, ie, desc));
       }
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.ExpressionTranslator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.ExpressionTranslator.cs
index dfd0741fcb1..663b8ed47f6 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.ExpressionTranslator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.ExpressionTranslator.cs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
   public partial class BoogieGenerator {
-    public class ExpressionTranslator {
+    public partial class ExpressionTranslator {
       private DafnyOptions options;
 
       // HeapExpr == null ==> translation of pure (no-heap) expression
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
       /// one ExpressionTranslator is constructed from another, unchanged parameters are just copied in.
       /// </summary>
       ExpressionTranslator(BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, PredefinedDecls predef, Boogie.Expr heap, string thisVar,
-        Function applyLimited_CurrentFunction, FuelSetting layerInterCluster, FuelSetting layerIntraCluster, IFrameScope scope,
+        Function applyLimitedCurrentFunction, FuelSetting layerInterCluster, FuelSetting layerIntraCluster, IFrameScope scope,
         string readsFrame, string modifiesFrame, bool stripLits) {
 
         Contract.Requires(boogieGenerator != null);
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
         this.predef = predef;
         this._the_heap_expr = heap;
         this.This = thisVar;
-        this.applyLimited_CurrentFunction = applyLimited_CurrentFunction;
+        this.applyLimited_CurrentFunction = applyLimitedCurrentFunction;
         this.layerInterCluster = layerInterCluster;
         if (layerIntraCluster == null) {
           this.layerIntraCluster = layerInterCluster;
@@ -649,8 +649,8 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrExpr(Expression expr) {
                   return TrExpr(new FunctionCallExpr(e.tok, fn.Name, mem.Obj, e.tok, e.CloseParen, e.Args) {
                     Function = fn,
                     Type = e.Type,
-                    TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = mem.TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass,
-                    TypeApplication_JustFunction = mem.TypeApplication_JustMember
+                    TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = mem.TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass,
+                    TypeApplication_JustFunction = mem.TypeApplicationJustMember
                   });
                 }
               }
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrExpr(Expression expr) {
                 Type t = dtv.Ctor.Formals[i].Type;
                 var bArg = TrExpr(arg);
                 argsAreLit = argsAreLit && BoogieGenerator.IsLit(bArg);
-                args.Add(BoogieGenerator.CondApplyBox(GetToken(value), bArg, cce.NonNull(arg.Type), t));
+                args.Add(BoogieGenerator.AdaptBoxing(GetToken(value), bArg, cce.NonNull(arg.Type), t));
               }
               Boogie.IdentifierExpr id = new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(GetToken(dtv), dtv.Ctor.FullName, predef.DatatypeType);
               Boogie.Expr ret = new Boogie.NAryExpr(GetToken(dtv), new Boogie.FunctionCall(id), args);
@@ -832,6 +832,24 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrExpr(Expression expr) {
                   // both the $IsAllocBox and $IsAlloc forms, because the axioms that connects these two is triggered
                   // by $IsAllocBox.
                   return BoogieGenerator.MkIsAllocBox(BoxIfNecessary(e.E.tok, TrExpr(e.E), e.E.Type), e.E.Type, HeapExpr);
+                case UnaryOpExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Assigned:
+                  string name = null;
+                  switch (e.E.Resolved) {
+                    case IdentifierExpr ie:
+                      name = ie.Var.UniqueName;
+                      break;
+                    case MemberSelectExpr mse:
+                      if (BoogieGenerator.inBodyInitContext && Expression.AsThis(mse.Obj) != null) {
+                        name = BoogieGenerator.SurrogateName(mse.Member as Field);
+                      }
+                      break;
+                  }
+
+                  if (name == null) {
+                    return Expr.True;
+                  }
+                  BoogieGenerator.DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.TryGetValue(name, out var defass);
+                  return defass;
                 default:
                   Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected unary expression
               }
@@ -842,7 +860,7 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrExpr(Expression expr) {
             }
           case TypeTestExpr testExpr: {
               var e = testExpr;
-              return BoogieGenerator.GetSubrangeCheck(TrExpr(e.E), e.E.Type, e.ToType, out var _) ?? Boogie.Expr.True;
+              return BoogieGenerator.GetSubrangeCheck(e.tok, TrExpr(e.E), e.E.Type, e.ToType, e.E, null, out var _) ?? Boogie.Expr.True;
             }
           case BinaryExpr binaryExpr: {
               BinaryExpr e = binaryExpr;
@@ -1250,7 +1268,7 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrExpr(Expression expr) {
           case TernaryExpr ternaryExpr: {
               var e = ternaryExpr;
               var e0 = TrExpr(e.E0);
-              if (!TernaryExpr.PrefixEqUsesNat && !e.E0.Type.IsBigOrdinalType) {
+              if (!e.E0.Type.IsBigOrdinalType) {
                 e0 = FunctionCall(e0.tok, "ORD#FromNat", predef.BigOrdinalType, e0);
               }
               var e1 = TrExpr(e.E1);
@@ -1272,31 +1290,8 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrExpr(Expression expr) {
                   Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected ternary expression
               }
             }
-          case LetExpr letExpr: {
-              var e = letExpr;
-              if (!e.Exact) {
-                var d = BoogieGenerator.LetDesugaring(e);
-                return TrExpr(d);
-              } else {
-                TrLetExprPieces(e, out var lhss, out var rhss);
-                // in the translation of body, treat a let-bound variable as IsLit if its RHS definition is IsLit
-                Contract.Assert(lhss.Count == rhss.Count);  // this is a postcondition of TrLetExprPieces
-                var previousCount = BoogieGenerator.letBoundVariablesWithLitRHS.Count;
-                for (var i = 0; i < lhss.Count; i++) {
-                  if (BoogieGenerator.IsLit(rhss[i])) {
-                    BoogieGenerator.letBoundVariablesWithLitRHS.Add(lhss[i].Name);
-                  }
-                  i++;
-                }
-                var body = TrExpr(e.Body);
-                foreach (var v in lhss) {
-                  BoogieGenerator.letBoundVariablesWithLitRHS.Remove(v.Name);
-                }
-                Contract.Assert(previousCount == BoogieGenerator.letBoundVariablesWithLitRHS.Count);
-                // in the following, use the token for Body instead of the token for the whole let expression; this gives better error locations
-                return new Boogie.LetExpr(GetToken(e.Body), lhss, rhss, null, body);
-              }
-            }
+          case LetExpr letExpr:
+            return TrLetExpr(letExpr);
           case QuantifierExpr quantifierExpr: {
               QuantifierExpr e = quantifierExpr;
 
@@ -1462,8 +1457,8 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrExpr(Expression expr) {
           case ITEExpr iteExpr: {
               ITEExpr e = iteExpr;
               var g = BoogieGenerator.RemoveLit(TrExpr(e.Test));
-              var thn = BoogieGenerator.RemoveLit(TrExpr(e.Thn));
-              var els = BoogieGenerator.RemoveLit(TrExpr(e.Els));
+              var thn = BoogieGenerator.AdaptBoxing(e.Thn.tok, BoogieGenerator.RemoveLit(TrExpr(e.Thn)), e.Thn.Type, e.Type);
+              var els = BoogieGenerator.AdaptBoxing(e.Els.tok, BoogieGenerator.RemoveLit(TrExpr(e.Els)), e.Els.Type, e.Type);
               return new NAryExpr(GetToken(iteExpr), new IfThenElse(GetToken(iteExpr)), new List<Boogie.Expr> { g, thn, els });
             }
           case MatchExpr matchExpr: {
@@ -1485,6 +1480,32 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrExpr(Expression expr) {
               UnboxingCastExpr e = castExpr;
               return BoogieGenerator.CondApplyUnbox(GetToken(e), TrExpr(e.E), e.FromType, e.ToType);
             }
+          case DecreasesToExpr decreasesToExpr:
+            var oldArray = decreasesToExpr.OldExpressions.ToArray();
+            var newArray = decreasesToExpr.NewExpressions.ToArray();
+            List<Expr> newExprs = new();
+            List<Expr> oldExprs = new();
+            List<Expression> newExprsDafny = new();
+            List<Expression> oldExprsDafny = new();
+            int N = Math.Min(oldArray.Length, newArray.Length);
+            for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+              if (!CompatibleDecreasesTypes(oldArray[i].Type, newArray[i].Type)) {
+                N = i;
+                break;
+              }
+              oldExprsDafny.Add(oldArray[i]);
+              oldExprs.Add(TrExpr(oldArray[i]));
+              newExprsDafny.Add(newArray[i]);
+              newExprs.Add(TrExpr(newArray[i]));
+            }
+
+            bool endsWithWinningTopComparison = N == oldArray.Length && N < newArray.Length;
+            var allowNoChange = decreasesToExpr.AllowNoChange || endsWithWinningTopComparison;
+            List<IToken> toks = oldExprs.Zip(newExprs, (_, _) => (IToken)decreasesToExpr.RangeToken).ToList();
+            var decreasesExpr = BoogieGenerator.DecreasesCheck(toks, null,
+              newExprsDafny, oldExprsDafny, newExprs, oldExprs, null,
+              null, allowNoChange, false);
+            return decreasesExpr;
           default:
             Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected expression
         }
@@ -1564,25 +1585,6 @@ private Expr TrLambdaExpr(LambdaExpr e) {
           predef.HandleType);
       }
 
-      public void TrLetExprPieces(LetExpr let, out List<Boogie.Variable> lhss, out List<Boogie.Expr> rhss) {
-        Contract.Requires(let != null);
-        var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-        for (int i = 0; i < let.LHSs.Count; i++) {
-          var rhs = TrExpr(let.RHSs[i]);
-          var toType = let.LHSs[i].Var?.Type ?? let.LHSs[i].Expr.Type;
-          rhs = BoogieGenerator.CondApplyBox(rhs.tok, rhs, let.RHSs[i].Type, toType);
-          BoogieGenerator.AddCasePatternVarSubstitutions(let.LHSs[i], rhs, substMap);
-        }
-        lhss = new List<Boogie.Variable>();
-        rhss = new List<Boogie.Expr>();
-        foreach (var v in let.BoundVars) {
-          var rhs = substMap[v];  // this should succeed (that is, "v" is in "substMap"), because the AddCasePatternVarSubstitutions calls above should have added a mapping for each bound variable in let.BoundVars
-          var bv = BplBoundVar(v.AssignUniqueName(BoogieGenerator.currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), BoogieGenerator.TrType(v.Type), out var bvIde);
-          lhss.Add(bv);
-          rhss.Add(TrExpr(rhs));
-        }
-      }
-
       public Expression DesugarMatchExpr(MatchExpr e) {
         Contract.Requires(e != null);
         // Translate:
@@ -1709,7 +1711,7 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrBoundVariablesRename(List<BoundVar> boundVars, List<Variabl
         // first add type arguments
         var tyParams = GetTypeParams(e.Function);
         var tySubst = e.TypeArgumentSubstitutionsWithParents();
-        args.AddRange(BoogieGenerator.trTypeArgs(tySubst, tyParams));
+        args.AddRange(BoogieGenerator.TrTypeArgs(tySubst, tyParams));
 
         if (layerArgument != null) {
           args.Add(layerArgument);
@@ -1726,7 +1728,7 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrBoundVariablesRename(List<BoundVar> boundVars, List<Variabl
           // If the function doesn't use the heap, but global settings say to use it,
           // then we want to quantify over the heap so that heap in the trigger can match over
           // heap modifying operations. (see Test/dafny4/Bug144.dfy)
-          bool usesHeap = e.Function.ReadsHeap || e.Function.Formals.Any(f => f.Type.IsRefType);
+          bool usesHeap = e.Function.ReadsHeap || e.Function.Ins.Any(f => f.Type.IsRefType);
           if (!usesHeap) {
             Statistics_HeapAsQuantifierCount++;
           }
@@ -1739,10 +1741,10 @@ public Boogie.Expr TrBoundVariablesRename(List<BoundVar> boundVars, List<Variabl
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < e.Args.Count; i++) {
           Expression ee = e.Args[i];
-          Type t = e.Function.Formals[i].Type;
+          Type t = e.Function.Ins[i].Type;
           Expr tr_ee = TrExpr(ee);
           argsAreLit = argsAreLit && BoogieGenerator.IsLit(tr_ee);
-          args.Add(BoogieGenerator.CondApplyBox(GetToken(e), tr_ee, cce.NonNull(ee.Type), t));
+          args.Add(BoogieGenerator.AdaptBoxing(GetToken(e), tr_ee, cce.NonNull(ee.Type), t));
         }
         return args;
       }
@@ -2239,63 +2241,8 @@ public Expr CanCallAssumption(Expression expr) {
           var e = (TernaryExpr)expr;
           return BplAnd(CanCallAssumption(e.E0), BplAnd(CanCallAssumption(e.E1), CanCallAssumption(e.E2)));
 
-        } else if (expr is LetExpr) {
-          var e = (LetExpr)expr;
-          if (!e.Exact) {
-            // CanCall[[ var b0,b1 :| RHS(b0,b1,g); Body(b0,b1,g,h) ]] =
-            //   $let$canCall(g) &&
-            //   CanCall[[ Body($let$b0(g), $let$b1(g), h) ]]
-            BoogieGenerator.LetDesugaring(e);  // call LetDesugaring to prepare the desugaring and populate letSuchThatExprInfo with something for e
-            var info = BoogieGenerator.letSuchThatExprInfo[e];
-            // $let$canCall(g)
-            var canCall = info.CanCallFunctionCall(BoogieGenerator, this);
-            Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-            foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
-              // create a call to $let$x(g)
-              var args = info.SkolemFunctionArgs(bv, BoogieGenerator, this);
-              var call = new BoogieFunctionCall(bv.tok, info.SkolemFunctionName(bv), info.UsesHeap, info.UsesOldHeap, info.UsesHeapAt, args.Item1, args.Item2);
-              call.Type = bv.Type;
-              substMap.Add(bv, call);
-            }
-            var p = Substitute(e.Body, null, substMap);
-            var cc = BplAnd(canCall, CanCallAssumption(p));
-            return cc;
-          } else {
-            // CanCall[[ var b := RHS(g); Body(b,g,h) ]] =
-            //   CanCall[[ RHS(g) ]] &&
-            //   (var lhs0,lhs1,... := rhs0,rhs1,...;  CanCall[[ Body ]])
-            Boogie.Expr canCallRHS = Boogie.Expr.True;
-            foreach (var rhs in e.RHSs) {
-              canCallRHS = BplAnd(canCallRHS, CanCallAssumption(rhs));
-            }
-
-            var bodyCanCall = CanCallAssumption(e.Body);
-            // We'd like to compute the free variables if "bodyCanCall". It would be nice to use the Boogie
-            // routine Bpl.Expr.ComputeFreeVariables for this purpose. However, calling it requires the Boogie
-            // expression to be resolved. Instead, we do the cheesy thing of computing the set of names of
-            // free variables in "bodyCanCall".
-            var vis = new VariableNameVisitor();
-            vis.Visit(bodyCanCall);
-
-            List<Boogie.Variable> lhssAll;
-            List<Boogie.Expr> rhssAll;
-            TrLetExprPieces(e, out lhssAll, out rhssAll);
-            Contract.Assert(lhssAll.Count == rhssAll.Count);
-
-            // prune lhss,rhss to contain only those pairs where the LHS is used in the body
-            var lhssPruned = new List<Boogie.Variable>();
-            var rhssPruned = new List<Boogie.Expr>();
-            for (var i = 0; i < lhssAll.Count; i++) {
-              var bv = lhssAll[i];
-              if (vis.Names.Contains(bv.Name)) {
-                lhssPruned.Add(bv);
-                rhssPruned.Add(rhssAll[i]);
-              }
-            }
-            Boogie.Expr let = lhssPruned.Count == 0 ? bodyCanCall : new Boogie.LetExpr(e.tok, lhssPruned, rhssPruned, null, bodyCanCall);
-            return BplAnd(canCallRHS, let);
-          }
-
+        } else if (expr is LetExpr letExpr) {
+          return LetCanCallAssumption(letExpr);
         } else if (expr is LambdaExpr) {
           var e = (LambdaExpr)expr;
 
@@ -2407,6 +2354,10 @@ public Expr CanCallAssumption(Expression expr) {
         } else if (expr is UnboxingCastExpr) {
           var e = (UnboxingCastExpr)expr;
           return CanCallAssumption(e.E);
+        } else if (expr is DecreasesToExpr decreasesToExpr) {
+          var oldCanCall = CanCallAssumption(decreasesToExpr.OldExpressions.ToList());
+          var newCanCall = CanCallAssumption(decreasesToExpr.NewExpressions.ToList());
+          return BplAnd(oldCanCall, newCanCall);
         } else {
           Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected expression
         }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.ExpressionWellformed.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.ExpressionWellformed.cs
index 96bbfcbaae5..1157343bdac 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.ExpressionWellformed.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.ExpressionWellformed.cs
@@ -13,122 +13,126 @@
 using DafnyCore.Verifier;
 using Bpl = Microsoft.Boogie;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
+using Std.Wrappers;
 using static Microsoft.Dafny.Util;
 using PODesc = Microsoft.Dafny.ProofObligationDescription;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
-  public partial class BoogieGenerator {
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Instances of WFOptions are used as an argument to CheckWellformed, supplying options for the
-    /// checks to be performed.
-    /// If "SelfCallsAllowance" is non-null, termination checks will be omitted for calls that look
-    /// like it.  This is useful in function postconditions, where the result of the function is
-    /// syntactically given as what looks like a recursive call with the same arguments.
-    /// "DoReadsChecks" indicates whether or not to perform reads checks.  If so, the generated code
-    /// will make references to $_ReadsFrame.  If "saveReadsChecks" is true, then the reads checks will
-    /// be recorded but postponed.  In particular, CheckWellformed will append to .Locals a list of
-    /// fresh local variables and will append to .Assert assertions with appropriate error messages
-    /// that can be used later.  As a convenience, the ProcessSavedReadsChecks will make use of .Locals
-    /// and .Asserts (and AssignLocals) and update a given StmtListBuilder.
-    /// "LValueContext" indicates that the expression checked for well-formedness is an L-value of
-    /// some assignment.
-    /// </summary>
-    private class WFOptions {
-      public readonly Function SelfCallsAllowance;
-      public readonly bool DoReadsChecks;
-      public readonly bool DoOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks; // termination checks don't look at decreases clause, but reports errors for any intra-SCC call (this is used in default-value expressions)
-      public readonly List<Bpl.Variable> Locals;
-      public readonly List<Bpl.Cmd> Asserts;
-      public readonly bool LValueContext;
-      public readonly Bpl.QKeyValue AssertKv;
-
-      public WFOptions() {
-      }
 
-      public WFOptions(Function selfCallsAllowance, bool doReadsChecks, bool saveReadsChecks = false, bool doOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks = false) {
-        Contract.Requires(!saveReadsChecks || doReadsChecks);  // i.e., saveReadsChecks ==> doReadsChecks
-        SelfCallsAllowance = selfCallsAllowance;
-        DoReadsChecks = doReadsChecks;
-        DoOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks = doOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks;
-        if (saveReadsChecks) {
-          Locals = new List<Variable>();
-          Asserts = new List<Bpl.Cmd>();
-        }
-      }
+  /// <summary>
+  /// Instances of WFOptions are used as an argument to CheckWellformed, supplying options for the
+  /// checks to be performed.
+  /// If "SelfCallsAllowance" is non-null, termination checks will be omitted for calls that look
+  /// like it.  This is useful in function postconditions, where the result of the function is
+  /// syntactically given as what looks like a recursive call with the same arguments.
+  /// "DoReadsChecks" indicates whether or not to perform reads checks.  If so, the generated code
+  /// will make references to $_ReadsFrame.  If "saveReadsChecks" is true, then the reads checks will
+  /// be recorded but postponed.  In particular, CheckWellformed will append to .Locals a list of
+  /// fresh local variables and will append to .Assert assertions with appropriate error messages
+  /// that can be used later.  As a convenience, the ProcessSavedReadsChecks will make use of .Locals
+  /// and .Asserts (and AssignLocals) and update a given StmtListBuilder.
+  /// "LValueContext" indicates that the expression checked for well-formedness is an L-value of
+  /// some assignment.
+  /// </summary>
+  public class WFOptions {
+    public readonly Function SelfCallsAllowance;
+    public readonly bool DoReadsChecks;
+    public readonly bool DoOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks; // termination checks don't look at decreases clause, but reports errors for any intra-SCC call (this is used in default-value expressions)
+    public readonly List<Bpl.Variable> Locals;
+    public readonly List<Func<Bpl.Cmd>> CreateAsserts;
+    public readonly bool LValueContext;
+    public readonly Bpl.QKeyValue AssertKv;
+
+    public WFOptions() {
+    }
 
-      private WFOptions(Function selfCallsAllowance, bool doReadsChecks, bool doOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks,
-        List<Bpl.Variable> locals, List<Bpl.Cmd> asserts, bool lValueContext, Bpl.QKeyValue assertKv) {
-        SelfCallsAllowance = selfCallsAllowance;
-        DoReadsChecks = doReadsChecks;
-        DoOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks = doOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks;
-        Locals = locals;
-        Asserts = asserts;
-        LValueContext = lValueContext;
-        AssertKv = assertKv;
+    public WFOptions(Function selfCallsAllowance, bool doReadsChecks,
+      bool saveReadsChecks = false, bool doOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks = false) {
+      Contract.Requires(!saveReadsChecks || doReadsChecks);  // i.e., saveReadsChecks ==> doReadsChecks
+      SelfCallsAllowance = selfCallsAllowance;
+      DoReadsChecks = doReadsChecks;
+      DoOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks = doOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks;
+      if (saveReadsChecks) {
+        Locals = new List<Variable>();
+        CreateAsserts = new();
       }
+    }
 
-      public WFOptions(Bpl.QKeyValue kv) {
-        AssertKv = kv;
-      }
+    private WFOptions(Function selfCallsAllowance, bool doReadsChecks, bool doOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks,
+      List<Bpl.Variable> locals, List<Func<Bpl.Cmd>> createAsserts, bool lValueContext, Bpl.QKeyValue assertKv) {
+      SelfCallsAllowance = selfCallsAllowance;
+      DoReadsChecks = doReadsChecks;
+      DoOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks = doOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks;
+      Locals = locals;
+      CreateAsserts = createAsserts;
+      LValueContext = lValueContext;
+      AssertKv = assertKv;
+    }
 
-      /// <summary>
-      /// Clones the given "options", but turns reads checks on or off.
-      /// </summary>
-      public WFOptions WithReadsChecks(bool doReadsChecks) {
-        return new WFOptions(SelfCallsAllowance, doReadsChecks, DoOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks,
-          Locals, Asserts, LValueContext, AssertKv);
-      }
+    public WFOptions(Bpl.QKeyValue kv) {
+      AssertKv = kv;
+    }
 
-      /// <summary>
-      /// Clones the given "options", but sets "LValueContext" to "lValueContext".
-      /// </summary>
-      public WFOptions WithLValueContext(bool lValueContext) {
-        return new WFOptions(SelfCallsAllowance, DoReadsChecks, DoOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks,
-          Locals, Asserts, lValueContext, AssertKv);
-      }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Clones the given "options", but turns reads checks on or off.
+    /// </summary>
+    public WFOptions WithReadsChecks(bool doReadsChecks) {
+      return new WFOptions(SelfCallsAllowance, doReadsChecks, DoOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks,
+        Locals, CreateAsserts, LValueContext, AssertKv);
+    }
 
-      public Action<IToken, Bpl.Expr, PODesc.ProofObligationDescription, Bpl.QKeyValue> AssertSink(BoogieGenerator tran, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
-        return (t, e, d, qk) => {
-          if (Locals != null) {
-            var b = BplLocalVar(tran.CurrentIdGenerator.FreshId("b$reqreads#"), Bpl.Type.Bool, Locals);
-            Asserts.Add(tran.Assert(t, b, d, qk));
-            builder.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(e.tok, (Bpl.IdentifierExpr)b, e));
-          } else {
-            builder.Add(tran.Assert(t, e, d, qk));
-          }
-        };
-      }
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Clones the given "options", but sets "LValueContext" to "lValueContext".
+    /// </summary>
+    public WFOptions WithLValueContext(bool lValueContext) {
+      return new WFOptions(SelfCallsAllowance, DoReadsChecks, DoOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks,
+        Locals, CreateAsserts, lValueContext, AssertKv);
+    }
 
-      public List<Bpl.AssignCmd> AssignLocals {
-        get {
-          return Map(Locals, l =>
-            Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(l.tok,
-              new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(Token.NoToken, l),
-              Bpl.Expr.True)
-            );
+    public Action<IToken, Bpl.Expr, PODesc.ProofObligationDescription, Bpl.QKeyValue> AssertSink(BoogieGenerator tran, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
+      return (t, e, d, qk) => {
+        if (Locals != null) {
+          var b = BoogieGenerator.BplLocalVar(tran.CurrentIdGenerator.FreshId("b$reqreads#"), Bpl.Type.Bool, Locals);
+          CreateAsserts.Add(() => tran.Assert(t, b, d, qk));
+          builder.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(e.tok, (Bpl.IdentifierExpr)b, e));
+        } else {
+          builder.Add(tran.Assert(t, e, d, qk));
         }
+      };
+    }
+
+    public List<Bpl.AssignCmd> AssignLocals {
+      get {
+        return Map(Locals, l =>
+          Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(l.tok,
+            new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(Token.NoToken, l),
+            Bpl.Expr.True)
+          );
       }
+    }
 
-      public void ProcessSavedReadsChecks(List<Variable> locals, BoogieStmtListBuilder builderInitializationArea, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
-        Contract.Requires(locals != null);
-        Contract.Requires(builderInitializationArea != null);
-        Contract.Requires(builder != null);
-        Contract.Requires(Locals != null && Asserts != null);  // ProcessSavedReadsChecks should be called only if the constructor was called with saveReadsChecks
-
-        // var b$reads_guards#0 : bool  ...
-        locals.AddRange(Locals);
-        // b$reads_guards#0 := true   ...
-        foreach (var cmd in AssignLocals) {
-          builderInitializationArea.Add(cmd);
-        }
-        // assert b$reads_guards#0;  ...
-        foreach (var a in Asserts) {
-          builder.Add(a);
-        }
+    public void ProcessSavedReadsChecks(List<Variable> locals, BoogieStmtListBuilder builderInitializationArea, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
+      Contract.Requires(locals != null);
+      Contract.Requires(builderInitializationArea != null);
+      Contract.Requires(builder != null);
+      Contract.Requires(Locals != null && CreateAsserts != null);  // ProcessSavedReadsChecks should be called only if the constructor was called with saveReadsChecks
+
+      // var b$reads_guards#0 : bool  ...
+      locals.AddRange(Locals);
+      // b$reads_guards#0 := true   ...
+      foreach (var cmd in AssignLocals) {
+        builderInitializationArea.Add(cmd);
+      }
+      // assert b$reads_guards#0;  ...
+      foreach (var a in CreateAsserts) {
+        builder.Add(a());
       }
     }
+  }
 
-    void CheckWellformedAndAssume(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, List<Variable> locals, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran, string comment) {
+  public partial class BoogieGenerator {
+
+    public void CheckWellformedAndAssume(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, List<Variable> locals, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran, string comment) {
       Contract.Requires(expr != null);
       Contract.Requires(expr.Type != null && expr.Type.IsBoolType);
       Contract.Requires(wfOptions != null);
@@ -150,10 +154,10 @@ void CheckWellformedAndAssume(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, List<Variabl
               // } else {
               //   assume e0 ==> e1;
               // }
-              var bAnd = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+              var bAnd = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
               CheckWellformedAndAssume(e.E0, wfOptions, locals, bAnd, etran, comment);
               CheckWellformedAndAssume(e.E1, wfOptions, locals, bAnd, etran, comment);
-              var bImp = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+              var bImp = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
               bImp.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, expr.tok, expr, comment));
               builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(expr.tok, null, bAnd.Collect(expr.tok), null, bImp.Collect(expr.tok)));
             }
@@ -165,9 +169,9 @@ void CheckWellformedAndAssume(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, List<Variabl
               //   assume !e0;
               //   WF[e1]; assume e1;
               // }
-              var b0 = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+              var b0 = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
               CheckWellformedAndAssume(e.E0, wfOptions, locals, b0, etran, comment);
-              var b1 = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+              var b1 = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
               b1.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependenciesAndExtend(etran, expr.tok, e.E0, Expr.Not, comment));
               CheckWellformedAndAssume(e.E1, wfOptions, locals, b1, etran, comment);
               builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(expr.tok, null, b0.Collect(expr.tok), null, b1.Collect(expr.tok)));
@@ -185,10 +189,10 @@ void CheckWellformedAndAssume(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, List<Variabl
         //   assume !test;
         //   WF[els]; assume els;
         // }
-        var bThn = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+        var bThn = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
         CheckWellformedAndAssume(e.Test, wfOptions, locals, bThn, etran, comment);
         CheckWellformedAndAssume(e.Thn, wfOptions, locals, bThn, etran, comment);
-        var bEls = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+        var bEls = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
         bEls.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependenciesAndExtend(etran, expr.tok, e.Test, Expr.Not, comment));
         CheckWellformedAndAssume(e.Els, wfOptions, locals, bEls, etran, comment);
         builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(expr.tok, null, bThn.Collect(expr.tok), null, bEls.Collect(expr.tok)));
@@ -244,14 +248,14 @@ public void DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(bool doOnlyCoarseGrainedTerminationChecks,
     /// <summary>
     /// Check the well-formedness of "expr" (but don't leave hanging around any assumptions that affect control flow)
     /// </summary>
-    void CheckWellformed(Expression expr, WFOptions options, List<Variable> locals, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    public void CheckWellformed(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, List<Variable> locals, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
       Contract.Requires(expr != null);
-      Contract.Requires(options != null);
+      Contract.Requires(wfOptions != null);
       Contract.Requires(locals != null);
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
       Contract.Requires(etran != null);
       Contract.Requires(predef != null);
-      CheckWellformedWithResult(expr, options, null, null, locals, builder, etran);
+      CheckWellformedWithResult(expr, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, null);
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -261,27 +265,21 @@ void CheckWellformed(Expression expr, WFOptions options, List<Variable> locals,
     /// assume the equivalent of "result == expr".
     /// See class WFOptions for descriptions of the specified options.
     /// </summary>
-    void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr result, Type resultType,
-                                   List<Bpl.Variable> locals, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran,
-                                   string resultDescription = null) {
-      Contract.Requires(expr != null);
-      Contract.Requires(wfOptions != null);
-      Contract.Requires((result == null) == (resultType == null));
-      Contract.Requires(locals != null);
-      Contract.Requires(builder != null);
-      Contract.Requires(etran != null);
-      Contract.Requires(predef != null);
-
+    void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions,
+      List<Variable> locals, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran,
+      AddResultCommands addResultCommands) {
       var origOptions = wfOptions;
       if (wfOptions.LValueContext) {
         // Turn off LValueContext for any recursive call
         wfOptions = wfOptions.WithLValueContext(false);
       }
 
+      var readFrames = GetContextReadsFrames();
+
       switch (expr) {
         case StaticReceiverExpr stexpr: {
             if (stexpr.ObjectToDiscard != null) {
-              CheckWellformedWithResult(stexpr.ObjectToDiscard, wfOptions, null, null, locals, builder, etran);
+              CheckWellformedWithResult(stexpr.ObjectToDiscard, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, null);
             }
 
             break;
@@ -309,7 +307,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
             var elementType = ((CollectionType)type).Arg;
             foreach (Expression el in e.Elements) {
               CheckWellformed(el, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
-              CheckSubrange(el.tok, etran.TrExpr(el), el.Type, elementType, builder);
+              CheckSubrange(el.tok, etran.TrExpr(el), el.Type, elementType, el, builder);
             }
             CheckResultToBeInType(e.tok, e, e.Type, locals, builder, etran);
             break;
@@ -322,9 +320,9 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
             var valType = ((MapType)type).Range;
             foreach (ExpressionPair p in e.Elements) {
               CheckWellformed(p.A, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
-              CheckSubrange(p.A.tok, etran.TrExpr(p.A), p.A.Type, keyType, builder);
+              CheckSubrange(p.A.tok, etran.TrExpr(p.A), p.A.Type, keyType, p.A, builder);
               CheckWellformed(p.B, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
-              CheckSubrange(p.B.tok, etran.TrExpr(p.B), p.B.Type, valType, builder);
+              CheckSubrange(p.B.tok, etran.TrExpr(p.B), p.B.Type, valType, p.B, builder);
             }
             CheckResultToBeInType(e.tok, e, e.Type, locals, builder, etran);
             break;
@@ -351,7 +349,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                 builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(selectExpr.tok, correctConstructor));
               } else {
                 builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), correctConstructor,
-                  new PODesc.DestructorValid(dtor.Name, dtor.EnclosingCtorNames("or"))));
+                  new PODesc.DestructorValid(dtor, e.Obj, dtor.EnclosingCtors)));
               }
               CheckNotGhostVariant(e, "destructor", dtor.EnclosingCtors, builder, etran);
             } else if (e.Member is DatatypeDiscriminator discriminator) {
@@ -361,21 +359,23 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
               if (e.Member is TwoStateFunction) {
                 Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(selectExpr.tok, etran.TrExpr(e.Obj), e.Obj.Type, etran.OldAt(e.AtLabel), ISALLOC, true);
                 if (wh != null) {
-                  var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver argument", "in the two-state function's previous state");
+                  var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver argument", "in the two-state function's previous state", e.Obj, e.AtLabel);
                   builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), wh, desc));
                 }
               } else if (etran.UsesOldHeap) {
                 Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(selectExpr.tok, etran.TrExpr(e.Obj), e.Obj.Type, etran, ISALLOC, true);
                 if (wh != null) {
                   var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver",
-                    $"in the state in which its {(e.Member is Field ? "fields" : "members")} are accessed");
+                    $"in the state in which its {(e.Member is Field ? "fields" : "members")} are accessed", e.Obj, e.AtLabel);
                   builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), wh, desc));
                 }
               }
             }
             if (!origOptions.LValueContext && wfOptions.DoReadsChecks && e.Member is Field { IsMutable: true } f) {
+              var requiredFrame = new FrameExpression(Token.NoToken, e.Obj, f.Name);
+              var desc = new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("read field", requiredFrame, readFrames, selectExpr, etran.scope);
               wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder)(selectExpr.tok, Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(selectExpr.tok, etran.ReadsFrame(selectExpr.tok), etran.TrExpr(e.Obj), GetField(e)),
-                new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("read field", selectExpr, etran.scope), wfOptions.AssertKv);
+                desc, wfOptions.AssertKv);
             }
 
             break;
@@ -387,9 +387,9 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
             CheckWellformed(e.Seq, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
             Bpl.Expr seq = etran.TrExpr(e.Seq);
             if (eSeqType.IsArrayType) {
-              builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Seq), Bpl.Expr.Neq(seq, predef.Null), new PODesc.NonNull("array")));
+              builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Seq), Bpl.Expr.Neq(seq, predef.Null), new PODesc.NonNull("array", e.Seq)));
               if (etran.UsesOldHeap) {
-                builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Seq), MkIsAlloc(seq, eSeqType, etran.HeapExpr), new PODesc.IsAllocated("array", null)));
+                builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Seq), MkIsAlloc(seq, eSeqType, etran.HeapExpr), new PODesc.IsAllocated("array", null, e.Seq)));
               }
             }
             Bpl.Expr e0 = null;
@@ -429,8 +429,10 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                 var i = etran.TrExpr(e.E0);
                 i = ConvertExpression(selectExpr.tok, i, e.E0.Type, Type.Int);
                 Bpl.Expr fieldName = FunctionCall(selectExpr.tok, BuiltinFunction.IndexField, null, i);
+                var requiredFrame = new FrameExpression(Token.NoToken, e.Seq, null);
+                var desc = new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("read array element", requiredFrame, readFrames, e, etran.scope);
                 wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder)(selectExpr.tok, Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(selectExpr.tok, etran.ReadsFrame(selectExpr.tok), seq, fieldName),
-                  new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("read array element", e, etran.scope), wfOptions.AssertKv);
+                  desc, wfOptions.AssertKv);
               } else {
                 Bpl.Expr lowerBound = e.E0 == null ? Bpl.Expr.Literal(0) : etran.TrExpr(e.E0);
                 Contract.Assert(eSeqType.AsArrayType.Dims == 1);
@@ -443,9 +445,9 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                 var allowedToRead = Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(e.tok, etran.ReadsFrame(e.tok), seq, fieldName);
                 var trigger = BplTrigger(allowedToRead); // Note, the assertion we're about to produce only seems useful in the check-only mode (that is, with subsumption 0), but if it were to be assumed, we'll use this entire RHS as the trigger
                 var qq = new Bpl.ForallExpr(e.tok, new List<Variable> { iVar }, trigger, BplImp(range, allowedToRead));
-                wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder)(selectExpr.tok, qq,
-                  new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("read the indicated range of array elements", e, etran.scope),
-                  wfOptions.AssertKv);
+                var requiredFrame = new FrameExpression(Token.NoToken, e.Seq, null);
+                var desc = new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("read the indicated range of array elements", requiredFrame, readFrames, e, etran.scope);
+                wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder)(selectExpr.tok, qq, desc, wfOptions.AssertKv);
               }
             }
 
@@ -458,9 +460,9 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
             MultiSelectExpr e = selectExpr;
             CheckWellformed(e.Array, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
             Bpl.Expr array = etran.TrExpr(e.Array);
-            builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Array), Bpl.Expr.Neq(array, predef.Null), new PODesc.NonNull("array")));
+            builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Array), Bpl.Expr.Neq(array, predef.Null), new PODesc.NonNull("array", e.Array)));
             if (etran.UsesOldHeap) {
-              builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Array), MkIsAlloc(array, e.Array.Type, etran.HeapExpr), new PODesc.IsAllocated("array", null)));
+              builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Array), MkIsAlloc(array, e.Array.Type, etran.HeapExpr), new PODesc.IsAllocated("array", null, e.Array)));
             }
             for (int idxId = 0; idxId < e.Indices.Count; idxId++) {
               var idx = e.Indices[idxId];
@@ -478,8 +480,10 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
             }
             if (wfOptions.DoReadsChecks) {
               Bpl.Expr fieldName = etran.GetArrayIndexFieldName(e.tok, e.Indices);
+              var requiredFrame = new FrameExpression(Token.NoToken, e.Array, null);
+              var desc = new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("read array element", requiredFrame, readFrames, selectExpr, etran.scope);
               wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder)(selectExpr.tok, Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(selectExpr.tok, etran.ReadsFrame(selectExpr.tok), array, fieldName),
-                new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("read array element", selectExpr, etran.scope), wfOptions.AssertKv);
+                desc, wfOptions.AssertKv);
             }
 
             break;
@@ -497,16 +501,16 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
               var desc = new PODesc.InRange(e.Seq, e.Index, true, "index");
               builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Index), InSeqRange(updateExpr.tok, index, e.Index.Type, seq, true, null, false), desc, wfOptions.AssertKv));
             } else {
-              CheckSubrange(e.Index.tok, index, e.Index.Type, collectionType.Arg, builder);
+              CheckSubrange(e.Index.tok, index, e.Index.Type, collectionType.Arg, e.Index, builder);
             }
             // validate value
             CheckWellformed(e.Value, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
             if (collectionType is SeqType) {
-              CheckSubrange(e.Value.tok, value, e.Value.Type, collectionType.Arg, builder);
+              CheckSubrange(e.Value.tok, value, e.Value.Type, collectionType.Arg, e.Value, builder);
             } else if (collectionType is MapType mapType) {
-              CheckSubrange(e.Value.tok, value, e.Value.Type, mapType.Range, builder);
+              CheckSubrange(e.Value.tok, value, e.Value.Type, mapType.Range, e.Value, builder);
             } else if (collectionType is MultiSetType) {
-              var desc = new PODesc.NonNegative("new number of occurrences");
+              var desc = new PODesc.NonNegative("new number of occurrences", e.Value);
               builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Value), Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), value), desc, wfOptions.AssertKv));
             } else {
               Contract.Assert(false);
@@ -529,21 +533,21 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
 
             // check subranges of arguments
             for (int i = 0; i < arity; ++i) {
-              CheckSubrange(e.Args[i].tok, etran.TrExpr(e.Args[i]), e.Args[i].Type, tt.Args[i], builder);
+              CheckSubrange(e.Args[i].tok, etran.TrExpr(e.Args[i]), e.Args[i].Type, tt.Args[i], e.Args[i], builder);
             }
 
             // check parameter availability
             if (etran.UsesOldHeap) {
               Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(e.Function.tok, etran.TrExpr(e.Function), e.Function.Type, etran, ISALLOC, true);
               if (wh != null) {
-                var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("function", "in the state in which the function is invoked");
+                var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("function", "in the state in which the function is invoked", e.Function);
                 builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Function), wh, desc));
               }
               for (int i = 0; i < e.Args.Count; i++) {
                 Expression ee = e.Args[i];
                 wh = GetWhereClause(ee.tok, etran.TrExpr(ee), ee.Type, etran, ISALLOC, true);
                 if (wh != null) {
-                  var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("argument", "in the state in which the function is invoked");
+                  var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("argument", "in the state in which the function is invoked", ee);
                   builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(ee), wh, desc));
                 }
               }
@@ -586,10 +590,25 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
               fnCoreType = fnCore.Type;
             }
 
+            // unwrap renamed local lambdas
+            var unwrappedFunc = e.Function;
+            while (unwrappedFunc is ConcreteSyntaxExpression { ResolvedExpression: not null } cse) {
+              unwrappedFunc = cse.ResolvedExpression;
+            }
+            if (unwrappedFunc is IdentifierExpr { tok: var tok, DafnyName: var name }) {
+              unwrappedFunc = new IdentifierExpr(tok, name);
+            }
+
             if (!fnCoreType.IsArrowTypeWithoutPreconditions) {
+              var dPrecond = new ApplyExpr(
+                Token.NoToken,
+                new ExprDotName(Token.NoToken, unwrappedFunc, "requires", null),
+                e.Args,
+                Token.NoToken);
+
               // check precond
-              var precond = FunctionCall(e.tok, Requires(arity), Bpl.Type.Bool, args);
-              builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), precond, new PODesc.PreconditionSatisfied(null, null)));
+              var bPrecond = FunctionCall(e.tok, Requires(arity), Bpl.Type.Bool, args);
+              builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), bPrecond, new PODesc.PreconditionSatisfied(dPrecond, null, null)));
             }
 
             if (wfOptions.DoReadsChecks && !fnCoreType.IsArrowTypeWithoutReadEffects) {
@@ -598,9 +617,20 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
               Expression wrap = new BoogieWrapper(
                 FunctionCall(e.tok, Reads(arity), TrType(objset), args),
                 objset);
-              var reads = new FrameExpression(e.tok, wrap, null);
-              CheckFrameSubset(applyExpr.tok, new List<FrameExpression> { reads }, null, null,
-                etran, etran.ReadsFrame(applyExpr.tok), wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder), new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("invoke function"), wfOptions.AssertKv);
+              var wrappedReads = new FrameExpression(e.tok, wrap, null);
+
+              var readsCall = new ApplyExpr(
+                Token.NoToken,
+                new ExprDotName(Token.NoToken, unwrappedFunc, "reads", null),
+                e.Args,
+                Token.NoToken
+              );
+              readsCall.Type = objset;
+              var requiredFrame = new FrameExpression(Token.NoToken, readsCall, null);
+              var desc = new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("invoke function", requiredFrame, readFrames);
+
+              CheckFrameSubset(applyExpr.tok, new List<FrameExpression> { wrappedReads }, null, null,
+                etran, etran.ReadsFrame(applyExpr.tok), wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder), desc, wfOptions.AssertKv);
             }
 
             break;
@@ -619,7 +649,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                 su[p.Item1] = p.Item2;
               }
               Type ty = formal.Type.Subst(su);
-              CheckSubrange(arg.tok, etran.TrExpr(arg), arg.Type, ty, builder);
+              CheckSubrange(arg.tok, etran.TrExpr(arg), arg.Type, ty, arg, builder);
             }
 
             break;
@@ -643,29 +673,32 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                 builder.Add(new Bpl.CommentCmd("assume allocatedness for receiver argument to function"));
                 builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(e.Receiver.tok, MkIsAllocBox(BoxIfNecessary(e.Receiver.tok, etran.TrExpr(e.Receiver), e.Receiver.Type), et, etran.HeapExpr)));
               }
-              // check well-formedness of the other parameters
-              foreach (Expression arg in e.Args) {
-                if (!(arg is DefaultValueExpression)) {
-                  CheckWellformed(arg, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
-                }
-              }
               // create a local variable for each formal parameter, and assign each actual parameter to the corresponding local
               Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-              for (int i = 0; i < e.Function.Formals.Count; i++) {
-                Formal p = e.Function.Formals[i];
+              Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> directSubstMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
+              for (int i = 0; i < e.Function.Ins.Count; i++) {
+                Formal p = e.Function.Ins[i];
                 // Note, in the following, the "##" makes the variable invisible in BVD.  An alternative would be to communicate
                 // to BVD what this variable stands for and display it as such to the user.
                 Type et = p.Type.Subst(e.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions());
                 LocalVariable local = new LocalVariable(p.RangeToken, "##" + p.Name, et, p.IsGhost);
-                local.type = local.OptionalType;  // resolve local here
-                IdentifierExpr ie = new IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator));
-                ie.Var = local; ie.Type = ie.Var.Type;  // resolve ie here
+                local.type = local.SyntacticType;  // resolve local here
+                var ie = new IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator)) {
+                  Var = local
+                };
+                ie.Type = ie.Var.Type;  // resolve ie here
                 substMap.Add(p, ie);
                 locals.Add(new Bpl.LocalVariable(local.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), TrType(local.Type))));
                 Bpl.IdentifierExpr lhs = (Bpl.IdentifierExpr)etran.TrExpr(ie);  // TODO: is this cast always justified?
                 Expression ee = e.Args[i];
-                CheckSubrange(ee.tok, etran.TrExpr(ee), ee.Type, et, builder);
-                Bpl.Cmd cmd = Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(p.tok, lhs, CondApplyBox(p.tok, etran.TrExpr(ee), cce.NonNull(ee.Type), et));
+                directSubstMap.Add(p, ee);
+
+                if (!(ee is DefaultValueExpression)) {
+                  CheckWellformedWithResult(ee, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, (returnBuilder, result) => {
+                    CheckSubrange(result.Tok, etran.TrExpr(result), ee.Type, et, ee, returnBuilder);
+                  });
+                }
+                Bpl.Cmd cmd = Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(p.tok, lhs, AdaptBoxing(p.tok, etran.TrExpr(ee), cce.NonNull(ee.Type), et));
                 builder.Add(cmd);
                 if (!etran.UsesOldHeap) {
                   // the argument can't be assumed to be allocated for the old heap
@@ -683,7 +716,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                 if (!e.Function.IsStatic) {
                   Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(e.Receiver.tok, etran.TrExpr(e.Receiver), e.Receiver.Type, etran, ISALLOC, true);
                   if (wh != null) {
-                    var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver argument", "in the state in which the function is invoked");
+                    var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver argument", "in the state in which the function is invoked", e.Receiver, e.AtLabel);
                     builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Receiver), wh, desc));
                   }
                 }
@@ -691,7 +724,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                   Expression ee = e.Args[i];
                   Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(ee.tok, etran.TrExpr(ee), ee.Type, etran, ISALLOC, true);
                   if (wh != null) {
-                    var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("argument", "in the state in which the function is invoked");
+                    var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("argument", "in the state in which the function is invoked", ee, e.AtLabel);
                     builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(ee), wh, desc));
                   }
                 }
@@ -699,22 +732,24 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                 if (!e.Function.IsStatic) {
                   Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(e.Receiver.tok, etran.TrExpr(e.Receiver), e.Receiver.Type, etran.OldAt(e.AtLabel), ISALLOC, true);
                   if (wh != null) {
-                    var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver argument", "in the two-state function's previous state");
+                    var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver argument", "in the two-state function's previous state", e.Receiver, e.AtLabel);
                     builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.Receiver), wh, desc));
                   }
                 }
-                Contract.Assert(e.Function.Formals.Count == e.Args.Count);
+                Contract.Assert(e.Function.Ins.Count == e.Args.Count);
                 for (int i = 0; i < e.Args.Count; i++) {
-                  var formal = e.Function.Formals[i];
+                  var formal = e.Function.Ins[i];
                   if (formal.IsOld) {
                     Expression ee = e.Args[i];
                     Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(ee.tok, etran.TrExpr(ee), ee.Type, etran.OldAt(e.AtLabel), ISALLOC, true);
                     if (wh != null) {
                       var pIdx = e.Args.Count == 1 ? "" : " at index " + i;
-                      var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated($"argument{pIdx} for parameter '{formal.Name}'",
-                        "in the two-state function's previous state" +
-                          PODesc.IsAllocated.HelperFormal(formal)
-                        );
+                      var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated(
+                        $"argument{pIdx} for parameter '{formal.Name}'",
+                        "in the two-state function's previous state" + PODesc.IsAllocated.HelperFormal(formal),
+                        ee,
+                        e.AtLabel
+                      );
                       builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(ee), wh, desc));
                     }
                   }
@@ -726,7 +761,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
               if (e.Function.Name == "reads" && !e.Receiver.Type.IsArrowTypeWithoutReadEffects) {
                 var arguments = etran.FunctionInvocationArguments(e, null, null);
                 var precondition = FunctionCall(e.tok, Requires(e.Args.Count), Bpl.Type.Bool, arguments);
-                builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), precondition, new PODesc.PreconditionSatisfied(null, null)));
+                builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), precondition, new PODesc.PreconditionSatisfied(null, null, null)));
 
                 if (wfOptions.DoReadsChecks) {
                   // check that the callee reads only what the caller is already allowed to read
@@ -735,19 +770,48 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                     FunctionCall(expr.tok, Reads(e.Args.Count()), TrType(objset), arguments),
                     objset);
                   var reads = new FrameExpression(expr.tok, wrap, null);
+                  List<FrameExpression> requiredFrames;
+                  switch (e.Receiver.Resolved) {
+                    case MemberSelectExpr { Member: MethodOrFunction readsReceiver }: {
+                        var receiverReplacement = readsReceiver.IsStatic
+                          ? null
+                          : new ThisExpr(readsReceiver);
+                        var receiverSubstMap = readsReceiver.Ins.Zip(e.Args)
+                          .ToDictionary(fa => fa.First as IVariable, fa => fa.Second);
+                        var subst = new Substituter(receiverReplacement, receiverSubstMap, e.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions());
+                        requiredFrames = readsReceiver.Reads.Expressions.ConvertAll(subst.SubstFrameExpr);
+                        break;
+                      }
+                    default:
+                      var readsCall = new ApplyExpr(
+                        Token.NoToken,
+                        new ExprDotName(Token.NoToken, e.Receiver.Resolved, "reads", null),
+                        e.Args,
+                        Token.NoToken
+                      );
+                      readsCall.Type = objset;
+                      requiredFrames = new() { new FrameExpression(Token.NoToken, readsCall, null) };
+                      break;
+                  }
+                  var desc = new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("invoke function", requiredFrames, readFrames);
                   CheckFrameSubset(expr.tok, new List<FrameExpression> { reads }, null, null,
-                    etran, etran.ReadsFrame(expr.tok), wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder), new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("invoke function"), wfOptions.AssertKv);
+                    etran, etran.ReadsFrame(expr.tok), wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder), desc, wfOptions.AssertKv);
                 }
 
               } else {
+                // Directly substitutes arguments for formals, to be displayed to the user
+                var argSubstMap = e.Function.Ins.Zip(e.Args).ToDictionary(fa => fa.First as IVariable, fa => fa.Second);
+                var directSub = new Substituter(e.Receiver, argSubstMap, e.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions());
 
                 foreach (AttributedExpression p in e.Function.Req) {
+                  var directPrecond = directSub.Substitute(p.E);
+
                   Expression precond = Substitute(p.E, e.Receiver, substMap, e.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions());
                   var (errorMessage, successMessage) = CustomErrorMessage(p.Attributes);
-                  foreach (var ss in TrSplitExpr(precond, etran, true, out var splitHappened)) {
+                  foreach (var ss in TrSplitExpr(builder.Context, precond, etran, true, out _)) {
                     if (ss.IsChecked) {
                       var tok = new NestedToken(GetToken(expr), ss.Tok);
-                      var desc = new PODesc.PreconditionSatisfied(errorMessage, successMessage);
+                      var desc = new PODesc.PreconditionSatisfied(directPrecond, errorMessage, successMessage);
                       if (wfOptions.AssertKv != null) {
                         // use the given assert attribute only
                         builder.Add(Assert(tok, ss.E, desc, wfOptions.AssertKv));
@@ -763,13 +827,19 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                 }
                 if (wfOptions.DoReadsChecks) {
                   // check that the callee reads only what the caller is already allowed to read
-                  var s = new Substituter(null, new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>(), e.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions());
+
+                  // substitute actual args for parameters in description expression frames...
+                  var requiredFrames = e.Function.Reads.Expressions.ConvertAll(directSub.SubstFrameExpr);
+                  var desc = new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("invoke function", requiredFrames, readFrames);
+
+                  // ... but that substitution isn't needed for frames passed to CheckFrameSubset
+                  var readsSubst = new Substituter(null, new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>(), e.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions());
                   CheckFrameSubset(callExpr.tok,
-                    e.Function.Reads.Expressions.ConvertAll(s.SubstFrameExpr),
-                    e.Receiver, substMap, etran, etran.ReadsFrame(callExpr.tok), wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder), new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("invoke function"), wfOptions.AssertKv);
+                    e.Function.Reads.Expressions.ConvertAll(readsSubst.SubstFrameExpr),
+                    e.Receiver, substMap, etran, etran.ReadsFrame(callExpr.tok), wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder), desc, wfOptions.AssertKv);
                 }
               }
-              Bpl.Expr allowance = null;
+              Expression allowance = null;
               if (codeContext != null && e.CoCall != FunctionCallExpr.CoCallResolution.Yes && !(e.Function is ExtremePredicate)) {
                 // check that the decreases measure goes down
                 var calleeSCCLookup = e.IsByMethodCall ? (ICallable)e.Function.ByMethodDecl : e.Function;
@@ -781,16 +851,14 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                     List<Expression> contextDecreases = codeContext.Decreases.Expressions;
                     List<Expression> calleeDecreases = e.Function.Decreases.Expressions;
                     if (e.Function == wfOptions.SelfCallsAllowance) {
-                      allowance = Bpl.Expr.True;
+                      allowance = Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(e.tok, true);
                       if (!e.Function.IsStatic) {
-                        allowance = BplAnd(allowance, Bpl.Expr.Eq(etran.TrExpr(e.Receiver), new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(e.tok, etran.This)));
+                        allowance = Expression.CreateAnd(allowance, Expression.CreateEq(e.Receiver, new ThisExpr(e.Function), e.Receiver.Type));
                       }
                       for (int i = 0; i < e.Args.Count; i++) {
                         Expression ee = e.Args[i];
-                        Formal ff = e.Function.Formals[i];
-                        allowance = BplAnd(allowance,
-                          Bpl.Expr.Eq(etran.TrExpr(ee),
-                            new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(e.tok, ff.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), TrType(ff.Type))));
+                        Formal ff = e.Function.Ins[i];
+                        allowance = Expression.CreateAnd(allowance, Expression.CreateEq(ee, Expression.CreateIdentExpr(ff), ff.Type));
                       }
                     }
                     string hint;
@@ -820,8 +888,8 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                     if (e.CoCallHint != null) {
                       hint = hint == null ? e.CoCallHint : string.Format("{0}; {1}", hint, e.CoCallHint);
                     }
-                    CheckCallTermination(callExpr.tok, contextDecreases, calleeDecreases, allowance, e.Receiver, substMap, e.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions(),
-                      etran, etran, builder, codeContext.InferredDecreases, hint);
+                    CheckCallTermination(callExpr.tok, contextDecreases, calleeDecreases, allowance, e.Receiver, substMap, directSubstMap, e.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions(),
+                      etran, false, builder, codeContext.InferredDecreases, hint);
                   }
                 }
               }
@@ -829,7 +897,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
               Bpl.IdentifierExpr canCallFuncID = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(callExpr.tok, e.Function.FullSanitizedName + "#canCall", Bpl.Type.Bool);
               List<Bpl.Expr> args = etran.FunctionInvocationArguments(e, null, null);
               Bpl.Expr canCallFuncAppl = new Bpl.NAryExpr(GetToken(expr), new Bpl.FunctionCall(canCallFuncID), args);
-              builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(callExpr.tok, allowance == null ? canCallFuncAppl : BplOr(allowance, canCallFuncAppl)));
+              builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(callExpr.tok, allowance == null ? canCallFuncAppl : BplOr(etran.TrExpr(allowance), canCallFuncAppl)));
 
               var returnType = e.Type.AsDatatype;
               if (returnType != null && returnType.Ctors.Count == 1) {
@@ -844,7 +912,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
         case SeqConstructionExpr constructionExpr: {
             var e = constructionExpr;
             CheckWellformed(e.N, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
-            var desc = new PODesc.NonNegative("sequence size");
+            var desc = new PODesc.NonNegative("sequence size", e.N);
             builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e.N), Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), etran.TrExpr(e.N)), desc));
 
             CheckWellformed(e.Initializer, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
@@ -868,6 +936,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
           }
         case UnchangedExpr unchangedExpr: {
             var e = unchangedExpr;
+            var contextReadsFrames = GetContextReadsFrames();
             foreach (var fe in e.Frame) {
               CheckWellformed(fe.E, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
 
@@ -878,21 +947,22 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
               } else {
                 Contract.Assert(ty.IsRefType);
                 nonNull = Bpl.Expr.Neq(r, predef.Null);
-                builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(fe.E), BplImp(ante, nonNull), new PODesc.NonNull(description, description != "object")));
+                builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(fe.E), BplImp(ante, nonNull), new PODesc.NonNull(description, fe.E, description != "object")));
               }
               // check that "r" was allocated in the "e.AtLabel" state
               Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(fe.E.tok, r, ty, etran.OldAt(e.AtLabel), ISALLOC, true);
               if (wh != null) {
                 var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated(description, "in the old-state of the 'unchanged' predicate",
-                  description != "object");
+                  fe.E, e.AtLabel, description != "object");
                 builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(fe.E), BplImp(BplAnd(ante, nonNull), wh), desc));
               }
               // check that the 'unchanged' argument reads only what the context is allowed to read
               if (wfOptions.DoReadsChecks) {
+                var desc = new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset($"read state of 'unchanged' {description}", fe, contextReadsFrames);
                 CheckFrameSubset(fe.E.tok,
                   new List<FrameExpression>() { fe },
                   null, new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>(), etran, etran.ReadsFrame(fe.E.tok), wfOptions.AssertSink(this, builder),
-                  new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset($"read state of 'unchanged' {description}"), wfOptions.AssertKv);
+                  desc, wfOptions.AssertKv);
               }
             }
 
@@ -900,7 +970,12 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
           }
         case UnaryExpr unaryExpr: {
             UnaryExpr e = unaryExpr;
-            CheckWellformed(e.E, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
+            if (e is UnaryOpExpr { Op: UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Assigned }) {
+              CheckWellformed(e.E.Resolved, wfOptions.WithLValueContext(true), locals, builder, etran);
+            } else {
+              CheckWellformed(e.E, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
+            }
+
             if (e is ConversionExpr ee) {
               CheckResultToBeInType(unaryExpr.tok, ee.E, ee.ToType, locals, builder, etran, ee.messagePrefix);
             }
@@ -914,13 +989,13 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
             switch (e.ResolvedOp) {
               case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.And:
               case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Imp: {
-                  BoogieStmtListBuilder b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+                  BoogieStmtListBuilder b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
                   CheckWellformed(e.E1, wfOptions, locals, b, etran);
                   builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(binaryExpr.tok, etran.TrExpr(e.E0), b.Collect(binaryExpr.tok), null, null));
                 }
                 break;
               case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Or: {
-                  BoogieStmtListBuilder b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+                  BoogieStmtListBuilder b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
                   CheckWellformed(e.E1, wfOptions, locals, b, etran);
                   builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(binaryExpr.tok, Bpl.Expr.Not(etran.TrExpr(e.E0)), b.Collect(binaryExpr.tok), null, null));
                 }
@@ -931,22 +1006,22 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                 CheckWellformed(e.E1, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
                 if (e.ResolvedOp == BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Sub && e.E0.Type.IsBigOrdinalType) {
                   var rhsIsNat = FunctionCall(binaryExpr.tok, "ORD#IsNat", Bpl.Type.Bool, etran.TrExpr(e.E1));
-                  builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), rhsIsNat, new PODesc.OrdinalSubtractionIsNatural()));
+                  builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), rhsIsNat, new PODesc.OrdinalSubtractionIsNatural(e.E1)));
                   var offset0 = FunctionCall(binaryExpr.tok, "ORD#Offset", Bpl.Type.Int, etran.TrExpr(e.E0));
                   var offset1 = FunctionCall(binaryExpr.tok, "ORD#Offset", Bpl.Type.Int, etran.TrExpr(e.E1));
-                  builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), Bpl.Expr.Le(offset1, offset0), new PODesc.OrdinalSubtractionUnderflow()));
+                  builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), Bpl.Expr.Le(offset1, offset0), new PODesc.OrdinalSubtractionUnderflow(e.E0, e.E1)));
                 } else if (e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().IsCharType) {
                   var e0 = FunctionCall(binaryExpr.tok, "char#ToInt", Bpl.Type.Int, etran.TrExpr(e.E0));
                   var e1 = FunctionCall(binaryExpr.tok, "char#ToInt", Bpl.Type.Int, etran.TrExpr(e.E1));
                   if (e.ResolvedOp == BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Add) {
                     builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr),
                       FunctionCall(Token.NoToken, BuiltinFunction.IsChar, null,
-                        Bpl.Expr.Binary(BinaryOperator.Opcode.Add, e0, e1)), new PODesc.CharOverflow()));
+                        Bpl.Expr.Binary(BinaryOperator.Opcode.Add, e0, e1)), new PODesc.CharOverflow(e.E0, e.E1)));
                   } else {
                     Contract.Assert(e.ResolvedOp == BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Sub);  // .Mul is not supported for char
                     builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr),
                       FunctionCall(Token.NoToken, BuiltinFunction.IsChar, null,
-                        Bpl.Expr.Binary(BinaryOperator.Opcode.Sub, e0, e1)), new PODesc.CharUnderflow()));
+                        Bpl.Expr.Binary(BinaryOperator.Opcode.Sub, e0, e1)), new PODesc.CharUnderflow(e.E0, e.E1)));
                   }
                 }
                 break;
@@ -968,7 +1043,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
               case BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.RightShift: {
                   CheckWellformed(e.E1, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
                   var w = e.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsBitVectorType.Width;
-                  var upperDesc = new PODesc.ShiftUpperBound(w, true);
+                  var upperDesc = new PODesc.ShiftUpperBound(w, true, e.E1);
                   if (e.E1.Type.NormalizeToAncestorType().AsBitVectorType is { } bitvectorType) {
                     // Known to be non-negative, so we don't need to check lower bound.
                     // Check upper bound, that is, check "E1 <= w"
@@ -990,7 +1065,7 @@ void CheckWellformedWithResult(Expression expr, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr re
                       // already holds, so there is no reason to check it.
                     }
                   } else {
-                    var positiveDesc = new PODesc.ShiftLowerBound(true);
+                    var positiveDesc = new PODesc.ShiftLowerBound(true, e.E1);
                     builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), etran.TrExpr(e.E1)), positiveDesc, wfOptions.AssertKv));
                     builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(e.E1), Bpl.Expr.Literal(w)), upperDesc, wfOptions.AssertKv));
                   }
@@ -1020,7 +1095,7 @@ void CheckOperand(Expression operand) {
                       var notGhostCtor = BplAnd(ghostConstructors.ConvertAll(
                         ctor => Bpl.Expr.Not(FunctionCall(expr.tok, ctor.QueryField.FullSanitizedName, Bpl.Type.Bool, value))));
                       builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), notGhostCtor,
-                        new PODesc.NotGhostVariant("equality", ghostConstructors)));
+                        new PODesc.NotGhostVariant("equality", operand, ghostConstructors)));
                     }
 
                     CheckOperand(e.E0);
@@ -1045,7 +1120,7 @@ void CheckOperand(Expression operand) {
               case TernaryExpr.Opcode.PrefixEqOp:
               case TernaryExpr.Opcode.PrefixNeqOp:
                 if (e.E0.Type.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int)) {
-                  builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), etran.TrExpr(e.E0)), new PODesc.PrefixEqualityLimit(), wfOptions.AssertKv));
+                  builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), etran.TrExpr(e.E0)), new PODesc.PrefixEqualityLimit(e.E0), wfOptions.AssertKv));
                 }
                 break;
               default:
@@ -1057,8 +1132,8 @@ void CheckOperand(Expression operand) {
             break;
           }
         case LetExpr letExpr:
-          CheckWellformedLetExprWithResult(letExpr, wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, builder, etran, true);
-          result = null;
+          CheckWellformedLetExprWithResult(letExpr, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, true, addResultCommands);
+          addResultCommands = null;
           break;
         case ComprehensionExpr comprehensionExpr: {
             var e = comprehensionExpr;
@@ -1078,9 +1153,9 @@ void CheckOperand(Expression operand) {
                 // Havoc heap
                 locals.Add(BplLocalVar(CurrentIdGenerator.FreshId((etran.UsesOldHeap ? "$Heap_at_" : "") + "$lambdaHeap#"), predef.HeapType, out var lambdaHeap));
                 comprehensionEtran = new ExpressionTranslator(comprehensionEtran, lambdaHeap);
-                nextBuilder.Add(new HavocCmd(expr.tok, Singleton((Bpl.IdentifierExpr)comprehensionEtran.HeapExpr)));
-                nextBuilder.Add(new AssumeCmd(expr.tok, FunctionCall(expr.tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, comprehensionEtran.HeapExpr)));
-                nextBuilder.Add(new AssumeCmd(expr.tok, HeapSameOrSucc(etran.HeapExpr, comprehensionEtran.HeapExpr)));
+                nextBuilder.Add(new HavocCmd(e.tok, Singleton((Bpl.IdentifierExpr)comprehensionEtran.HeapExpr)));
+                nextBuilder.Add(new AssumeCmd(e.tok, FunctionCall(e.tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, comprehensionEtran.HeapExpr)));
+                nextBuilder.Add(new AssumeCmd(e.tok, HeapSameOrSucc(etran.HeapExpr, comprehensionEtran.HeapExpr)));
               }
 
               var substMap = SetupBoundVarsAsLocals(e.BoundVars, out var typeAntecedents, nextBuilder, locals, comprehensionEtran);
@@ -1133,7 +1208,14 @@ void CheckOperand(Expression operand) {
                     resultIe = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(body.tok, resultVar);
                     rangeType = lam.Type.AsArrowType.Result;
                   }
-                  CheckWellformedWithResult(body, newOptions, resultIe, rangeType, locals, b, comprehensionEtran, "lambda expression");
+
+                  void AddResultCommands(BoogieStmtListBuilder returnBuilder, Expression result) {
+                    if (rangeType != null) {
+                      CheckSubsetType(etran, result, resultIe, rangeType, returnBuilder, "lambda expression");
+                    }
+                  }
+
+                  CheckWellformedWithResult(body, newOptions, locals, b, comprehensionEtran, AddResultCommands);
                 });
 
                 if (mc != null) {
@@ -1150,7 +1232,7 @@ void CheckOperand(Expression operand) {
                     var different = BplOr(
                       Bpl.Expr.Neq(comprehensionEtran.TrExpr(bodyLeft), comprehensionEtran.TrExpr(bodyLeftPrime)),
                       Bpl.Expr.Eq(comprehensionEtran.TrExpr(body), comprehensionEtran.TrExpr(bodyPrime)));
-                    b.Add(Assert(GetToken(mc.TermLeft), different, new PODesc.ComprehensionNoAlias()));
+                    b.Add(Assert(GetToken(mc.TermLeft), different, new PODesc.ComprehensionNoAlias(mc.BoundVars, mc.Range, mc.TermLeft, mc.Term)));
                   });
                 }
               });
@@ -1184,32 +1266,32 @@ void CheckOperand(Expression operand) {
             break;
           }
         case StmtExpr stmtExpr:
-          CheckWellformedStmtExpr(stmtExpr, wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, builder, etran);
-          result = null;
+          CheckWellformedStmtExpr(stmtExpr, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, addResultCommands);
+          addResultCommands = null;
           break;
         case ITEExpr iteExpr: {
             ITEExpr e = iteExpr;
             CheckWellformed(e.Test, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
-            var bThen = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-            var bElse = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+            var bThen = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+            var bElse = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
             if (e.IsBindingGuard) {
               // if it is BindingGuard, e.Thn is a let-such-that created from the BindingGuard.
               // We don't need to do well-formedness check on the Rhs of the LetExpr since it
               // has already been checked in e.Test
               var letExpr = (LetExpr)e.Thn;
               Contract.Assert(letExpr != null);
-              CheckWellformedLetExprWithResult(letExpr, wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, bThen, etran, false);
+              CheckWellformedLetExprWithResult(letExpr, wfOptions, locals, bThen, etran, false, addResultCommands);
             } else {
-              CheckWellformedWithResult(e.Thn, wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, bThen, etran, "if expression then branch");
+              CheckWellformedWithResult(e.Thn, wfOptions, locals, bThen, etran, addResultCommands);
             }
-            CheckWellformedWithResult(e.Els, wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, bElse, etran, "if expression else branch");
+            CheckWellformedWithResult(e.Els, wfOptions, locals, bElse, etran, addResultCommands);
             builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(iteExpr.tok, etran.TrExpr(e.Test), bThen.Collect(iteExpr.tok), null, bElse.Collect(iteExpr.tok)));
-            result = null;
+            addResultCommands = null;
             break;
           }
         case MatchExpr matchExpr:
-          result = TrMatchExpr(matchExpr, wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, builder, etran);
-          resultDescription = "match expression";
+          TrMatchExpr(matchExpr, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, addResultCommands);
+          addResultCommands = null;
           break;
         case DatatypeUpdateExpr updateExpr: {
             var e = updateExpr;
@@ -1220,25 +1302,25 @@ void CheckOperand(Expression operand) {
               // Every constructor has this destructor; no need to check anything
             } else {
               builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), correctConstructor,
-                new PODesc.ValidConstructorNames(DatatypeDestructor.PrintableCtorNameList(e.LegalSourceConstructors, "or"))));
+                new PODesc.ValidConstructorNames(updateExpr.Root, e.LegalSourceConstructors)));
             }
 
             CheckNotGhostVariant(e.InCompiledContext, updateExpr, e.Root, "update of", e.Members,
               e.LegalSourceConstructors, builder, etran);
 
-            CheckWellformedWithResult(e.ResolvedExpression, wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, builder, etran, resultDescription);
-            result = null;
+            CheckWellformedWithResult(e.ResolvedExpression, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, addResultCommands);
+            addResultCommands = null;
             break;
           }
         case ConcreteSyntaxExpression expression: {
             var e = expression;
-            CheckWellformedWithResult(e.ResolvedExpression, wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, builder, etran, resultDescription);
-            result = null;
+            CheckWellformedWithResult(e.ResolvedExpression, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, addResultCommands);
+            addResultCommands = null;
             break;
           }
         case NestedMatchExpr nestedMatchExpr:
-          CheckWellformedWithResult(nestedMatchExpr.Flattened, wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, builder, etran, resultDescription);
-          result = null;
+          CheckWellformedWithResult(nestedMatchExpr.Flattened, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, addResultCommands);
+          addResultCommands = null;
           break;
         case BoogieFunctionCall call: {
             var e = call;
@@ -1246,38 +1328,48 @@ void CheckOperand(Expression operand) {
               CheckWellformed(arg, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
             }
 
+            break;
+          }
+        case DecreasesToExpr decreasesToExpr: {
+            foreach (var subexpr in decreasesToExpr.SubExpressions) {
+              CheckWellformed(subexpr, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
+            }
             break;
           }
         default:
           Contract.Assert(false); throw new cce.UnreachableException();  // unexpected expression
       }
 
-      if (result != null) {
-        Contract.Assert(resultType != null);
-        var bResult = etran.TrExpr(expr);
-        CheckSubrange(expr.tok, bResult, expr.Type, resultType, builder);
-        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependenciesAndExtend(etran, expr.tok, expr,
-          e => Bpl.Expr.Eq(result, CondApplyBox(expr.tok, e, expr.Type, resultType)),
-          resultDescription));
-        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(expr.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(expr)));
-        builder.Add(new CommentCmd("CheckWellformedWithResult: any expression"));
-        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(expr.tok, MkIs(result, resultType)));
-      }
+
+      addResultCommands?.Invoke(builder, expr);
     }
 
-    private Expr TrMatchExpr(MatchExpr me, WFOptions wfOptions, Expr result, Type resultType, List<Variable> locals,
-      BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    public void CheckSubsetType(ExpressionTranslator etran, Expression expr, Bpl.Expr selfCall, Type resultType,
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, string comment) {
+
+      Contract.Assert(resultType != null);
+      var bResult = etran.TrExpr(expr);
+      CheckSubrange(expr.tok, bResult, expr.Type, resultType, expr, builder);
+      builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependenciesAndExtend(etran, expr.tok, expr,
+        e => Bpl.Expr.Eq(selfCall, AdaptBoxing(expr.tok, e, expr.Type, resultType)), comment));
+      builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(expr.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(expr)));
+      builder.Add(new CommentCmd("CheckWellformedWithResult: any expression"));
+      builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(expr.tok, MkIs(selfCall, resultType)));
+    }
+
+    private void TrMatchExpr(MatchExpr me, WFOptions wfOptions, List<Variable> locals,
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran, AddResultCommands addResultCommands) {
       FillMissingCases(me);
 
       CheckWellformed(me.Source, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
       Bpl.Expr src = etran.TrExpr(me.Source);
       Bpl.IfCmd ifCmd = null;
-      BoogieStmtListBuilder elsBldr = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder elsBldr = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
       elsBldr.Add(TrAssumeCmd(me.tok, Bpl.Expr.False));
       StmtList els = elsBldr.Collect(me.tok);
       foreach (var missingCtor in me.MissingCases) {
         // havoc all bound variables
-        var b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+        var b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
         List<Variable> newLocals = new List<Variable>();
         Bpl.Expr r = CtorInvocation(me.tok, missingCtor, etran, newLocals, b);
         locals.AddRange(newLocals);
@@ -1301,33 +1393,46 @@ private Expr TrMatchExpr(MatchExpr me, WFOptions wfOptions, Expr result, Type re
 
       for (int i = me.Cases.Count; 0 <= --i;) {
         MatchCaseExpr mc = me.Cases[i];
-        BoogieStmtListBuilder b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+        var b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
         Bpl.Expr ct = CtorInvocation(mc, me.Source.Type, etran, locals, b, NOALLOC, false);
         // generate:  if (src == ctor(args)) { assume args-is-well-typed; mc.Body is well-formed; assume Result == TrExpr(case); } else ...
-        CheckWellformedWithResult(mc.Body, wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, b, etran, "match expression branch result");
+
+        CheckWellformedWithResult(mc.Body, wfOptions, locals, b, etran, addResultCommands);
         ifCmd = new Bpl.IfCmd(mc.tok, Bpl.Expr.Eq(src, ct), b.Collect(mc.tok), ifCmd, els);
         els = null;
       }
 
       builder.Add(ifCmd);
-      result = null;
-      return result;
     }
 
-    private void CheckWellformedStmtExpr(StmtExpr stmtExpr, WFOptions options, Expr result, Type resultType, List<Variable> locals,
-      BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    private void CheckWellformedStmtExpr(StmtExpr stmtExpr, WFOptions wfOptions, List<Variable> locals,
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran, AddResultCommands addResultCommands) {
+
+      var statements = new List<Statement>() { stmtExpr.S };
+      Expression expression = stmtExpr.E;
+      while (expression is StmtExpr nestedStmtExpr) {
+        statements.Add(nestedStmtExpr.S);
+        expression = nestedStmtExpr.E;
+      }
+
       // If we're inside an "old" expression, then "etran" will know how to translate
       // expressions. However, here, we're also having to translate e.S, which is a
       // Statement. Since statement translation (in particular, translation of CallStmt's)
       // work directly on the global variable $Heap, we temporarily change its value here.
       if (etran.UsesOldHeap) {
         BuildWithHeapAs(stmtExpr.S.Tok, etran.HeapExpr, "StmtExpr#", locals, builder,
-          () => TrStmt(stmtExpr.S, builder, locals, etran));
+          () => {
+            foreach (var statement in statements) {
+              TrStmt(statement, builder, locals, etran);
+            }
+          });
       } else {
-        TrStmt(stmtExpr.S, builder, locals, etran);
+        foreach (var statement in statements) {
+          TrStmt(statement, builder, locals, etran);
+        }
       }
 
-      CheckWellformedWithResult(stmtExpr.E, options, result, resultType, locals, builder, etran, "statement expression result");
+      CheckWellformedWithResult(expression, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, addResultCommands);
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -1375,6 +1480,7 @@ private void CheckNotGhostVariant(bool inCompiledContext, Expression exprUsedFor
           builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(exprUsedForToken), notGhostCtor,
             new PODesc.NotGhostVariant(whatKind,
               Util.PrintableNameList(members.ConvertAll(member => member.Name), "and"),
+              datatypeValue,
               enclosingGhostConstructors)));
         }
       }
@@ -1391,14 +1497,16 @@ void CheckWellformedSpecialFunction(FunctionCallExpr expr, WFOptions options, Bp
       if (expr.Function.Name is "RotateLeft" or "RotateRight") {
         var w = expr.Type.AsBitVectorType.Width;
         var arg = expr.Args[0];
-        builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), etran.TrExpr(arg)), new PODesc.ShiftLowerBound(false), options.AssertKv));
-        builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(arg), Bpl.Expr.Literal(w)), new PODesc.ShiftUpperBound(w, false),
+        builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), etran.TrExpr(arg)), new PODesc.ShiftLowerBound(false, arg), options.AssertKv));
+        builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(expr), Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(arg), Bpl.Expr.Literal(w)), new PODesc.ShiftUpperBound(w, false, arg),
           options.AssertKv));
       }
     }
 
-    void CheckWellformedLetExprWithResult(LetExpr e, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr result, Type resultType, List<Bpl.Variable> locals,
-      BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran, bool checkRhs) {
+    delegate void AddResultCommands(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, Expression result);
+
+    void CheckWellformedLetExprWithResult(LetExpr e, WFOptions wfOptions, List<Variable> locals,
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran, bool checkRhs, AddResultCommands addResultCommands) {
       if (e.Exact) {
         var substMap = SetupBoundVarsAsLocals(e.BoundVars.ToList<BoundVar>(), builder, locals, etran, "#Z");
         Contract.Assert(e.LHSs.Count == e.RHSs.Count);  // checked by resolution
@@ -1406,16 +1514,21 @@ void CheckWellformedLetExprWithResult(LetExpr e, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr r
         for (int i = 0; i < e.LHSs.Count; i++) {
           var pat = e.LHSs[i];
           var rhs = e.RHSs[i];
-          var nm = varNameGen.FreshId(string.Format("#{0}#", i));
+          var nm = varNameGen.FreshId($"#{i}#");
           var r = new Bpl.LocalVariable(pat.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(pat.tok, nm, TrType(pat.Expr.Type)));
           locals.Add(r);
           var rIe = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(rhs.tok, r);
-          CheckWellformedWithResult(e.RHSs[i], wfOptions, rIe, pat.Expr.Type, locals, builder, etran, "let expression binding RHS well-formed");
-          CheckCasePatternShape(pat, rIe, rhs.tok, pat.Expr.Type, builder);
+
+          void CheckPostconditionForRhs(BoogieStmtListBuilder innerBuilder, Expression body) {
+            CheckSubsetType(etran, body, rIe, pat.Expr.Type, innerBuilder, "let expression binding RHS well-formed");
+          }
+
+          CheckWellformedWithResult(e.RHSs[i], wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, CheckPostconditionForRhs);
+          CheckCasePatternShape(pat, rhs, rIe, rhs.tok, pat.Expr.Type, builder);
           var substExpr = Substitute(pat.Expr, null, substMap);
           builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependenciesAndExtend(etran, e.tok, substExpr, e => Bpl.Expr.Eq(e, rIe), "let expression binding"));
         }
-        CheckWellformedWithResult(Substitute(e.Body, null, substMap), wfOptions, result, resultType, locals, builder, etran, "let expression result");
+        CheckWellformedWithResult(Substitute(e.Body, null, substMap), wfOptions, locals, builder, etran, addResultCommands);
 
       } else {
         // CheckWellformed(var b :| RHS(b); Body(b)) =
@@ -1434,7 +1547,7 @@ void CheckWellformedLetExprWithResult(LetExpr e, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr r
         var substMap = SetupBoundVarsAsLocals(lhsVars, out var typeAntecedent, builder, locals, etran);
         var rhs = Substitute(e.RHSs[0], null, substMap);
         if (checkRhs) {
-          var wellFormednessBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, this.options);
+          var wellFormednessBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, this.options, builder.Context);
           CheckWellformed(rhs, wfOptions, locals, wellFormednessBuilder, etran);
           var ifCmd = new Bpl.IfCmd(e.tok, typeAntecedent, wellFormednessBuilder.Collect(e.tok), null, null);
           builder.Add(ifCmd);
@@ -1449,34 +1562,26 @@ void CheckWellformedLetExprWithResult(LetExpr e, WFOptions wfOptions, Bpl.Expr r
         var letBody = Substitute(e.Body, null, substMap);
         CheckWellformed(letBody, wfOptions, locals, builder, etran);
         if (e.Constraint_Bounds != null) {
-          var substMap_prime = SetupBoundVarsAsLocals(lhsVars, builder, locals, etran);
-          var nonGhostMap_prime = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
+          var substMap2 = SetupBoundVarsAsLocals(lhsVars, builder, locals, etran);
+          var nonGhostMapPrime = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
           foreach (BoundVar bv in lhsVars) {
-            nonGhostMap_prime.Add(bv, bv.IsGhost ? substMap[bv] : substMap_prime[bv]);
+            nonGhostMapPrime.Add(bv, bv.IsGhost ? substMap[bv] : substMap2[bv]);
           }
-          var rhs_prime = Substitute(e.RHSs[0], null, nonGhostMap_prime);
-          var letBody_prime = Substitute(e.Body, null, nonGhostMap_prime);
-          builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(rhs_prime)));
-          builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, e.tok, rhs_prime, "assign-such-that constraint"));
-          builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(letBody_prime)));
-          var eq = Expression.CreateEq(letBody, letBody_prime, e.Body.Type);
+          var rhsPrime = Substitute(e.RHSs[0], null, nonGhostMapPrime);
+          var letBodyPrime = Substitute(e.Body, null, nonGhostMapPrime);
+          builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(rhsPrime)));
+          builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, e.tok, rhsPrime, "assign-such-that constraint"));
+          builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(letBodyPrime)));
+          var eq = Expression.CreateEq(letBody, letBodyPrime, e.Body.Type);
           builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e), etran.TrExpr(eq),
             new PODesc.LetSuchThatUnique(e.RHSs[0], e.BoundVars.ToList())));
         }
         // assume $let$canCall(g);
-        LetDesugaring(e);  // call LetDesugaring to prepare the desugaring and populate letSuchThatExprInfo with something for e
+        etran.LetDesugaring(e);  // call LetDesugaring to prepare the desugaring and populate letSuchThatExprInfo with something for e
         var info = letSuchThatExprInfo[e];
         builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(e.tok, info.CanCallFunctionCall(this, etran)));
         // If we are supposed to assume "result" to equal this expression, then use the body of the let-such-that, not the generated $let#... function
-        if (result != null) {
-          Contract.Assert(resultType != null);
-          var bResult = etran.TrExpr(letBody);
-          CheckSubrange(letBody.tok, bResult, letBody.Type, resultType, builder);
-          builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependenciesAndExtend(etran, e.tok, letBody, e => Expr.Eq(result, e), "let expression"));
-          builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(letBody.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(letBody)));
-          builder.Add(new CommentCmd("CheckWellformedWithResult: Let expression"));
-          builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(letBody.tok, MkIs(result, resultType)));
-        }
+        addResultCommands?.Invoke(builder, letBody);
       }
     }
 
@@ -1488,7 +1593,7 @@ void CheckFrameWellFormed(WFOptions wfo, List<FrameExpression> fes, List<Variabl
       foreach (var fe in fes) {
         CheckWellformed(fe.E, wfo, locals, builder, etran);
         if (fe.Field != null && fe.E.Type.IsRefType) {
-          builder.Add(Assert(fe.tok, Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(fe.E), predef.Null), new PODesc.FrameDereferenceNonNull()));
+          builder.Add(Assert(fe.tok, Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(fe.E), predef.Null), new PODesc.FrameDereferenceNonNull(fe.E)));
         }
       }
     }
@@ -1534,9 +1639,17 @@ private void CheckElementInit(IToken tok, bool forArray, List<Expression> dims,
       // check precond
       var pre = FunctionCall(tok, Requires(dims.Count), Bpl.Type.Bool, args);
       var q = new Bpl.ForallExpr(tok, bvs, BplImp(ante, pre));
-      var desc = new PODesc.IndicesInDomain(forArray ? "array" : "sequence");
-      builder.Add(AssertNS(tok, q, desc));
+      var indicesDesc = new PODesc.IndicesInDomain(forArray ? "array" : "sequence", dims, init);
+      builder.Add(AssertNS(tok, q, indicesDesc));
       if (!forArray && options.DoReadsChecks) {
+        // unwrap renamed local lambdas
+        var unwrappedFunc = init;
+        while (unwrappedFunc is ConcreteSyntaxExpression { ResolvedExpression: not null } cse) {
+          unwrappedFunc = cse.ResolvedExpression;
+        }
+        if (unwrappedFunc is IdentifierExpr { tok: var initTok, DafnyName: var name }) {
+          unwrappedFunc = new IdentifierExpr(initTok, name);
+        }
         // check read effects
         Type objset = program.SystemModuleManager.ObjectSetType();
         Expression wrap = new BoogieWrapper(
@@ -1547,14 +1660,33 @@ private void CheckElementInit(IToken tok, bool forArray, List<Expression> dims,
           var qe = new Bpl.ForallExpr(t, bvs, BplImp(ante, e));
           options.AssertSink(this, builder)(t, qe, d, qk);
         };
+
+        PODesc.Utils.MakeQuantifierVarsForDims(dims, out var indexVars, out var indexVarExprs, out var indicesRange);
+        var readsCall = new ApplyExpr(
+          Token.NoToken,
+          new ExprDotName(Token.NoToken, unwrappedFunc, "reads", null),
+          indexVarExprs,
+          Token.NoToken
+        );
+        readsCall.Type = objset;
+        var contextReads = GetContextReadsFrames();
+        var readsDescExpr = new ForallExpr(
+          Token.NoToken,
+          RangeToken.NoToken,
+          indexVars,
+          indicesRange,
+          PODesc.Utils.MakeDafnyFrameCheck(contextReads, readsCall, null),
+          null
+        );
+        var readsDesc = new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("invoke the function passed as an argument to the sequence constructor", readsDescExpr);
         CheckFrameSubset(tok, new List<FrameExpression> { reads }, null, null,
-          etran, etran.ReadsFrame(tok), maker,
-          new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("invoke the function passed as an argument to the sequence constructor"),
-          options.AssertKv);
+          etran, etran.ReadsFrame(tok), maker, readsDesc, options.AssertKv);
       }
       // Check that the values coming out of the function satisfy any appropriate subset-type constraints
       var apply = UnboxUnlessInherentlyBoxed(FunctionCall(tok, Apply(dims.Count), TrType(elementType), args), elementType);
-      var cre = GetSubrangeCheck(apply, sourceType.Result, elementType, out var subrangeDesc);
+
+      CheckElementInitReturnSubrangeCheck(dims, init, out var dafnySource, out var checkContext);
+      var cre = GetSubrangeCheck(apply.tok, apply, sourceType.Result, elementType, dafnySource, checkContext, out var subrangeDesc);
       if (cre != null) {
         // assert (forall i0,i1,i2,... ::
         //            0 <= i0 < ... && ... ==> init.requires(i0,i1,i2,...) is Subtype);
@@ -1575,6 +1707,31 @@ private void CheckElementInit(IToken tok, bool forArray, List<Expression> dims,
       }
     }
 
-
+    private static void CheckElementInitReturnSubrangeCheck(List<Expression> dims, Expression init, out Expression dafnySource, out SubrangeCheckContext checkContext) {
+      var quantifiedVars =
+        Enumerable.Range(0, dims.Count)
+          .Select(i => {
+            var name = $"i{i}";
+            var ident = new IdentifierExpr(Token.NoToken, name);
+            var range = new BinaryExpr(
+              Token.NoToken,
+              BinaryExpr.Opcode.And,
+              new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, new LiteralExpr(Token.NoToken, 0), ident),
+              new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, ident, dims[i])
+            );
+            return new QuantifiedVar(Token.NoToken, $"i{i}", Type.Int, null, range);
+          })
+          .ToList();
+      dafnySource = new ApplyExpr(
+        Token.NoToken,
+        init,
+        quantifiedVars
+          .Select(ident => new IdentifierExpr(ident.Tok, ident) as Expression)
+          .ToList(),
+        Token.NoToken
+      );
+      QuantifiedVar.ExtractSingleRange(quantifiedVars, out var boundVars, out var singleRange);
+      checkContext = check => new ForallExpr(Token.NoToken, RangeToken.NoToken, boundVars, singleRange, check, null);
+    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Extremes.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Extremes.cs
index 54ffaa66ce5..d68ee1c6472 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Extremes.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Extremes.cs
@@ -114,8 +114,8 @@ void AddPrefixPredicateAxioms(PrefixPredicate pp) {
 
     // DR: Changed to add the pp formals instead of co (since types would otherwise be wrong)
     //     Note that k is not added to bvs or coArgs.
-    foreach (var p in pp.Formals) {
-      bool is_k = p == pp.Formals[0];
+    foreach (var p in pp.Ins) {
+      bool is_k = p == pp.Ins[0];
       var bv = new Bpl.BoundVariable(p.tok,
         new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(pp.IdGenerator), TrType(p.Type)));
       var formal = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, bv);
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ void AddPrefixPredicateAxioms(PrefixPredicate pp) {
     moreBvs.AddRange(bvs);
     moreBvs.Add(k);
     var z = Bpl.Expr.Eq(kId,
-      pp.Formals[0].Type.IsBigOrdinalType
+      pp.Ins[0].Type.IsBigOrdinalType
         ? (Bpl.Expr)FunctionCall(tok, "ORD#FromNat", predef.BigOrdinalType, Bpl.Expr.Literal(0))
         : Bpl.Expr.Literal(0));
     funcID = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(tok, pp.FullSanitizedName, TrType(pp.ResultType));
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ void AddPrefixPredicateAxioms(PrefixPredicate pp) {
 #endif
     // A more targeted monotonicity axiom used to increase the power of automation for proving the limit case for
     // least predicates that have more than one focal-predicate term.
-    if (pp.ExtremePred is LeastPredicate && pp.Formals[0].Type.IsBigOrdinalType) {
+    if (pp.ExtremePred is LeastPredicate && pp.Ins[0].Type.IsBigOrdinalType) {
       // forall args,k,m,limit ::
       //   { P#[k](args), ORD#LessThanLimit(k,limit), ORD#LessThanLimit(m,limit) }
       //   args-have-appropriate-values && k < m && P#[k](args) ==> P#[m](args))
@@ -264,12 +264,12 @@ Expression PrefixSubstitution(PrefixPredicate pp, Expression body) {
     var typeMap = Util.Dict<TypeParameter, Type>(pp.ExtremePred.TypeArgs, Map(pp.TypeArgs, x => new UserDefinedType(x)));
 
     var paramMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-    for (int i = 0; i < pp.ExtremePred.Formals.Count; i++) {
-      var replacement = pp.Formals[i + 1];  // the +1 is to skip pp's _k parameter
+    for (int i = 0; i < pp.ExtremePred.Ins.Count; i++) {
+      var replacement = pp.Ins[i + 1];  // the +1 is to skip pp's _k parameter
       var param = new IdentifierExpr(replacement.tok, replacement.Name);
       param.Var = replacement;  // resolve here
       param.Type = replacement.Type;  // resolve here
-      paramMap.Add(pp.ExtremePred.Formals[i], param);
+      paramMap.Add(pp.ExtremePred.Ins[i], param);
     }
 
     var k = new IdentifierExpr(pp.tok, pp.K.Name);
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ Expression PrefixSubstitution(PrefixPredicate pp, Expression body) {
       substMap.Add(pp.K, kprime);
       Expression recursiveCallReceiver;
       List<Expression> recursiveCallArgs;
-      pp.RecursiveCallParameters(pp.tok, pp.TypeArgs, pp.Formals, null, substMap, out recursiveCallReceiver, out recursiveCallArgs);
+      pp.RecursiveCallParameters(pp.tok, pp.TypeArgs, pp.Ins, null, substMap, out recursiveCallReceiver, out recursiveCallArgs);
       var ppCall = new FunctionCallExpr(pp.tok, pp.Name, recursiveCallReceiver, pp.tok, pp.tok, recursiveCallArgs);
       ppCall.Function = pp;
       ppCall.Type = Type.Bool;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Fields.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Fields.cs
index 02a5d556ff7..85eaa55d109 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Fields.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Fields.cs
@@ -119,7 +119,9 @@ Bpl.Function GetReadonlyField(Field f) {
           if (cf.Rhs != null && RevealedInScope(cf)) {
             var etran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, NewOneHeapExpr(f.tok), null);
             if (!IsOpaque(cf)) {
-              sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(ff.CreateDefinitionAxiom(etran.TrExpr(cf.Rhs)));
+              var definitionAxiom = ff.CreateDefinitionAxiom(etran.TrExpr(cf.Rhs));
+              definitionAxiom.CanHide = true;
+              sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(definitionAxiom);
             }
           }
           sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(ff);
@@ -187,7 +189,12 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(ConstantField decl) {
       // the procedure itself
       var req = new List<Bpl.Requires>();
       // free requires mh == ModuleContextHeight && fh == TypeContextHeight;
-      req.Add(Requires(decl.tok, true, etran.HeightContext(decl), null, null, null));
+      req.Add(Requires(decl.tok, true, null, etran.HeightContext(decl), null, null, null));
+
+      foreach (var typeBoundAxiom in TypeBoundAxioms(decl.tok, decl.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs)) {
+        req.Add(Requires(decl.tok, true, null, typeBoundAxiom, null, null, null));
+      }
+
       var heapVar = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(decl.tok, "$Heap", false);
       var varlist = new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr> { heapVar };
       var name = MethodName(decl, MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness);
@@ -199,7 +206,7 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(ConstantField decl) {
 
       var implInParams = Bpl.Formal.StripWhereClauses(inParams);
       var locals = new List<Variable>();
-      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, new BodyTranslationContext(false));
       builder.Add(new CommentCmd(string.Format("AddWellformednessCheck for {0} {1}", decl.WhatKind, decl)));
       builder.AddCaptureState(decl.tok, false, "initial state");
       isAllocContext = new IsAllocContext(options, true);
@@ -209,7 +216,7 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(ConstantField decl) {
       // check well-formedness of the RHS expression
       CheckWellformed(decl.Rhs, new WFOptions(null, true), locals, builder, etran);
       builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(decl.Rhs.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(decl.Rhs)));
-      CheckSubrange(decl.Rhs.tok, etran.TrExpr(decl.Rhs), decl.Rhs.Type, decl.Type, builder);
+      CheckSubrange(decl.Rhs.tok, etran.TrExpr(decl.Rhs), decl.Rhs.Type, decl.Type, decl.Rhs, builder);
 
       if (EmitImplementation(decl.Attributes)) {
         // emit the impl only when there are proof obligations.
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Functions.Wellformedness.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Functions.Wellformedness.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d2b73c28414
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Functions.Wellformedness.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using System.Linq;
+using DafnyCore.Verifier;
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
+using static Microsoft.Dafny.Util;
+using Bpl = Microsoft.Boogie;
+using PODesc = Microsoft.Dafny.ProofObligationDescription;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+public partial class BoogieGenerator {
+  class FunctionWellformednessChecker {
+    private readonly BoogieGenerator generator;
+
+    public FunctionWellformednessChecker(BoogieGenerator generator) {
+      this.generator = generator;
+    }
+
+    public void Check(Function f) {
+
+      Contract.Assert(generator.InVerificationScope(f));
+
+      generator.proofDependencies.SetCurrentDefinition(MethodVerboseName(f.FullDafnyName,
+        MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness));
+      generator.currentModule = f.EnclosingClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition;
+      generator.codeContext = f;
+
+      ExpressionTranslator ordinaryEtran = new ExpressionTranslator(generator, generator.predef, f.tok, f);
+      var etran = GetExpressionTranslator(f, ordinaryEtran, out var additionalRequires, out var heapParameters);
+
+      // parameters of the procedure
+      var typeInParams = generator.MkTyParamFormals(GetTypeParams(f), true);
+      var procedureParameters = GetParameters(f, etran);
+      var outParams = GetWellformednessProcedureOutParameters(f, etran);
+      var requires = GetWellformednessProcedureRequires(f, etran);
+      requires.AddRange(additionalRequires);
+
+      // modifies $Heap
+      var mod = new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr> {
+        ordinaryEtran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr,
+      };
+
+      var context = new BodyTranslationContext(f.ContainsHide);
+      var ens = new List<Bpl.Ensures>();
+      foreach (AttributedExpression ensures in f.Ens) {
+        var functionHeight = generator.currentModule.CallGraph.GetSCCRepresentativePredecessorCount(f);
+        var splits = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
+        bool splitHappened /*we actually don't care*/ = generator.TrSplitExpr(context, ensures.E, splits, true, functionHeight, true, true, etran);
+        var (errorMessage, successMessage) = generator.CustomErrorMessage(ensures.Attributes);
+        foreach (var s in splits) {
+          if (s.IsChecked && !RefinementToken.IsInherited(s.Tok, generator.currentModule)) {
+            generator.AddEnsures(ens, generator.EnsuresWithDependencies(s.Tok, false, ensures.E, s.E, errorMessage, successMessage, null));
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      var selfCall = GetSelfCall(f, etran, procedureParameters);
+      // Enforce 'older' conditions
+      var (olderParameterCount, olderCondition) = generator.OlderCondition(f, selfCall, procedureParameters);
+      if (olderParameterCount != 0) {
+        generator.AddEnsures(ens, new Ensures(f.tok, false, olderCondition, null) {
+          Description = new PODesc.IsOlderProofObligation(olderParameterCount, f.Ins.Count + (f.IsStatic ? 0 : 1))
+        });
+      }
+
+      var proc = new Procedure(f.tok, "CheckWellformed" + NameSeparator + f.FullSanitizedName,
+        new List<TypeVariable>(),
+        Concat(Concat(typeInParams, heapParameters), procedureParameters), outParams,
+        false, requires, mod, ens, etran.TrAttributes(f.Attributes, null));
+      AddVerboseNameAttribute(proc, f.FullDafnyName, MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness);
+      generator.sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(proc);
+
+      if (generator.InsertChecksums) {
+        generator.InsertChecksum(f, proc, true);
+      }
+
+      Contract.Assert(proc.InParams.Count == typeInParams.Count + heapParameters.Count + procedureParameters.Count);
+      // Changed the next line to strip from inParams instead of proc.InParams
+      // They should be the same, but hence the added contract
+      var locals = new List<Variable>();
+      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(generator, generator.options, context);
+      var builderInitializationArea = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(generator, generator.options, context);
+      if (f is TwoStateFunction) {
+        // $Heap := current$Heap;
+        var heap = ordinaryEtran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr;
+        builder.Add(Cmd.SimpleAssign(f.tok, heap, etran.HeapExpr));
+        etran = ordinaryEtran; // we no longer need the special heap names
+      }
+
+      builder.AddCaptureState(f.tok, false, "initial state");
+
+      generator.DefineFrame(f.tok, etran.ReadsFrame(f.tok), f.Reads.Expressions, builder, locals, null);
+      generator.InitializeFuelConstant(f.tok, builder, etran);
+
+      var delayer = new ReadsCheckDelayer(etran, null, locals, builderInitializationArea, builder);
+
+      // Check well-formedness of any default-value expressions (before assuming preconditions).
+      delayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(true, wfo => {
+        foreach (var formal in f.Ins.Where(formal => formal.DefaultValue != null)) {
+          var e = formal.DefaultValue;
+          generator.CheckWellformed(e, wfo, locals, builder,
+            etran.WithReadsFrame(etran.readsFrame, null)); // No frame scope for default values
+          builder.Add(new AssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(e)));
+          generator.CheckSubrange(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, formal.Type, e, builder);
+
+          if (formal.IsOld) {
+            Expr wh = generator.GetWhereClause(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, etran.Old, ISALLOC, true);
+            if (wh != null) {
+              var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("default value", "in the two-state function's previous state", e);
+              builder.Add(generator.Assert(generator.GetToken(e), wh, desc));
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      });
+
+      // Check well-formedness of the preconditions (including termination), and then
+      // assume each one of them.  After all that (in particular, after assuming all
+      // of them), do the postponed reads checks.
+      delayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
+        builder.Add(new CommentCmd("Check well-formedness of preconditions, and then assume them"));
+        foreach (AttributedExpression require in f.Req) {
+          if (require.Label != null) {
+            require.Label.E = (f is TwoStateFunction ? ordinaryEtran : etran.Old).TrExpr(require.E);
+            generator.CheckWellformed(require.E, wfo, locals, builder, etran);
+          } else {
+            generator.CheckWellformedAndAssume(require.E, wfo, locals, builder, etran, "requires clause");
+          }
+        }
+      });
+
+      // Check well-formedness of the reads clause.  Note that this is done after assuming
+      // the preconditions.  In other words, the well-formedness of the reads clause is
+      // allowed to assume the precondition (yet, the requires clause is checked to
+      // read only those things indicated in the reads clause).
+      builder.Add(new CommentCmd("Check well-formedness of the reads clause"));
+      delayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false,
+        wfo => { generator.CheckFrameWellFormed(wfo, f.Reads.Expressions, locals, builder, etran); });
+
+      ConcurrentAttributeCheck(f, etran, builder);
+
+      // check well-formedness of the decreases clauses (including termination, but no reads checks)
+      builder.Add(new CommentCmd("Check well-formedness of the decreases clause"));
+      foreach (Expression p in f.Decreases.Expressions) {
+        generator.CheckWellformed(p, new WFOptions(null, false), locals, builder, etran);
+      }
+
+      var implementationParameters = Bpl.Formal.StripWhereClauses(procedureParameters);
+      CheckBodyAndEnsuresClauseWellformedness(f, etran, locals, implementationParameters, builderInitializationArea, builder);
+
+      if (generator.EmitImplementation(f.Attributes)) {
+        var s0 = builderInitializationArea.Collect(f.tok);
+        var s1 = builder.Collect(f.tok);
+        var implBody = new StmtList(new List<BigBlock>(s0.BigBlocks.Concat(s1.BigBlocks)), f.tok);
+
+        // emit the impl only when there are proof obligations.
+        QKeyValue kv = etran.TrAttributes(f.Attributes, null);
+        var parameters = Concat(Concat(Bpl.Formal.StripWhereClauses(typeInParams), heapParameters), implementationParameters);
+        var impl = generator.AddImplementationWithAttributes(generator.GetToken(f), proc,
+          parameters,
+          Bpl.Formal.StripWhereClauses(outParams),
+          locals, implBody, kv);
+        if (generator.InsertChecksums) {
+          generator.InsertChecksum(f, impl);
+        }
+      }
+
+      Contract.Assert(generator.currentModule == f.EnclosingClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition);
+      Contract.Assert(generator.codeContext == f);
+      generator.Reset();
+    }
+
+    private void ConcurrentAttributeCheck(Function f, ExpressionTranslator etran, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
+      // If the function is marked as {:concurrent}, check that the reads clause is empty.
+      if (Attributes.Contains(f.Attributes, Attributes.ConcurrentAttributeName)) {
+        var desc = new PODesc.ConcurrentFrameEmpty(f, "reads");
+        generator.CheckFrameEmpty(f.tok, etran, etran.ReadsFrame(f.tok), builder, desc, null);
+      }
+    }
+
+    private void CheckBodyAndEnsuresClauseWellformedness(Function f, ExpressionTranslator etran, List<Variable> locals, List<Variable> inParams,
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder builderInitializationArea, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
+      builder.Add(new CommentCmd("Check body and ensures clauses"));
+      // Generate:
+      //   if (*) {
+      //     check well-formedness of postcondition
+      //     assume false;  // don't go on to check the postconditions
+      //   } else {
+      //     check well-formedness of body
+      //     // fall through to check the postconditions themselves
+      //   }
+      // Here go the postconditions (termination checks included, but no reads checks)
+      var postCheckBuilder = GetPostCheckBuilder(f, etran, locals);
+
+      // Here goes the body (and include both termination checks and reads checks)
+      var bodyCheckBuilder = GetBodyCheckBuilder(f, etran, inParams, locals, builderInitializationArea);
+
+      // Combine the two, letting the postcondition be checked on after the "bodyCheckBuilder" branch
+      builder.Add(new IfCmd(f.tok, null, postCheckBuilder.Collect(f.tok), null, bodyCheckBuilder.Collect(f.tok)));
+    }
+
+    private BoogieStmtListBuilder GetBodyCheckBuilder(Function f, ExpressionTranslator etran,
+      List<Variable> parameters,
+      List<Variable> locals, BoogieStmtListBuilder builderInitializationArea) {
+      var selfCall = GetSelfCall(f, etran, parameters);
+      var context = new BodyTranslationContext(f.ContainsHide);
+      var bodyCheckBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(generator, generator.options, context);
+      bodyCheckBuilder.Add(new CommentCmd("Check well-formedness of body and result subset type constraint"));
+      if (f.Body != null && generator.RevealedInScope(f)) {
+        var doReadsChecks = etran.readsFrame != null;
+        var wfo = new WFOptions(null, doReadsChecks, doReadsChecks, false);
+
+        void CheckPostcondition(BoogieStmtListBuilder innerBuilder, Expression innerBody) {
+          generator.CheckSubsetType(etran, innerBody, selfCall, f.ResultType, innerBuilder, "function call result");
+          if (f.Result != null) {
+            var cmd = TrAssumeCmd(f.tok, Expr.Eq(selfCall, generator.TrVar(f.tok, f.Result)));
+            generator.proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(cmd, f.tok, new FunctionDefinitionDependency(f));
+            innerBuilder.Add(cmd);
+          }
+          if (doReadsChecks) {
+            // assert b$reads_guards#0;  ...
+            foreach (var a in wfo.CreateAsserts) {
+              innerBuilder.Add(a());
+            }
+          }
+
+          innerBuilder.Add(new ReturnCmd(innerBody.Tok));
+        }
+
+        generator.CheckWellformedWithResult(f.Body, wfo, locals, bodyCheckBuilder, etran, CheckPostcondition);
+
+        // var b$reads_guards#0 : bool  ...
+        locals.AddRange(wfo.Locals);
+        // b$reads_guards#0 := true   ...
+        foreach (var cmd in wfo.AssignLocals) {
+          builderInitializationArea.Add(cmd);
+        }
+      }
+      bodyCheckBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(f.tok, Expr.False));
+
+      return bodyCheckBuilder;
+    }
+
+    private Expr GetSelfCall(Function f, ExpressionTranslator etran, List<Variable> parameters) {
+      var funcId = new FunctionCall(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, f.FullSanitizedName, generator.TrType(f.ResultType)));
+      var args = new List<Expr>();
+      foreach (var p in GetTypeParams(f)) {
+        args.Add(generator.TrTypeParameter(p));
+      }
+
+      if (f.IsFuelAware()) {
+        args.Add(etran.layerInterCluster.GetFunctionFuel(f));
+      }
+
+      if (f.IsOpaque || f.IsMadeImplicitlyOpaque(generator.options)) {
+        args.Add(generator.GetRevealConstant(f));
+      }
+
+      if (f is TwoStateFunction) {
+        args.Add(etran.Old.HeapExpr);
+      }
+
+      if (f.ReadsHeap) {
+        args.Add(etran.HeapExpr);
+      }
+
+      foreach (Variable parameter in parameters) {
+        args.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, parameter));
+      }
+
+      Expr funcAppl = new NAryExpr(f.tok, funcId, args);
+      return funcAppl;
+    }
+
+    private BoogieStmtListBuilder GetPostCheckBuilder(Function f, ExpressionTranslator etran, List<Variable> locals) {
+      var context = new BodyTranslationContext(f.ContainsHide);
+      var postCheckBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(generator, generator.options, context);
+      postCheckBuilder.Add(new CommentCmd("Check well-formedness of postcondition and assume false"));
+
+      // Assume the type returned by the call itself respects its type (this matters if the type is "nat", for example)
+      var args = new List<Expr>();
+      foreach (var p in GetTypeParams(f)) {
+        args.Add(generator.TrTypeParameter(p));
+      }
+
+      if (f.IsFuelAware()) {
+        args.Add(etran.layerInterCluster.GetFunctionFuel(f));
+      }
+
+      if (f.IsOpaque || f.IsMadeImplicitlyOpaque(generator.options)) {
+        args.Add(generator.GetRevealConstant(f));
+      }
+
+      if (f is TwoStateFunction) {
+        args.Add(etran.Old.HeapExpr);
+      }
+
+      if (f.ReadsHeap) {
+        args.Add(etran.HeapExpr);
+      }
+
+      if (!f.IsStatic) {
+        args.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, etran.This));
+      }
+
+      foreach (var p in f.Ins) {
+        args.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), generator.TrType(p.Type)));
+      }
+
+      Bpl.IdentifierExpr funcID = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, f.FullSanitizedName, generator.TrType(f.ResultType));
+      Expr funcAppl = new NAryExpr(f.tok, new FunctionCall(funcID), args);
+
+      var wh = generator.GetWhereClause(f.tok, funcAppl, f.ResultType, etran, NOALLOC);
+      if (wh != null) {
+        postCheckBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(f.tok, wh));
+      }
+      // Now for the ensures clauses
+      foreach (AttributedExpression p in f.Ens) {
+        // assume the postcondition for the benefit of checking the remaining postconditions
+        generator.CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, new WFOptions(f, false), locals, postCheckBuilder, etran, "ensures clause");
+      }
+
+      postCheckBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(f.tok, Expr.False));
+      return postCheckBuilder;
+    }
+
+    private ExpressionTranslator GetExpressionTranslator(Function f, ExpressionTranslator ordinaryEtran,
+      out List<Bpl.Requires> additionalRequires, out List<Variable> inParams_Heap) {
+      ExpressionTranslator etran;
+      additionalRequires = new();
+      inParams_Heap = new List<Variable>();
+      if (f is TwoStateFunction) {
+        var prevHeapVar = new Bpl.Formal(f.tok, new TypedIdent(f.tok, "previous$Heap", generator.predef.HeapType), true);
+        var currHeapVar = new Bpl.Formal(f.tok, new TypedIdent(f.tok, "current$Heap", generator.predef.HeapType), true);
+        inParams_Heap.Add(prevHeapVar);
+        inParams_Heap.Add(currHeapVar);
+        Expr prevHeap = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, prevHeapVar);
+        Expr currHeap = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, currHeapVar);
+        etran = new ExpressionTranslator(generator, generator.predef, currHeap, prevHeap, f);
+
+        // free requires prevHeap == Heap && HeapSucc(prevHeap, currHeap) && IsHeap(currHeap)
+        var a0 = Expr.Eq(prevHeap, ordinaryEtran.HeapExpr);
+        var a1 = generator.HeapSucc(prevHeap, currHeap);
+        var a2 = generator.FunctionCall(f.tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, currHeap);
+        additionalRequires.Add(generator.Requires(f.tok, true, null, BplAnd(a0, BplAnd(a1, a2)), null, null, null));
+      } else {
+        etran = ordinaryEtran;
+      }
+
+      return etran;
+    }
+
+    private List<Variable> GetWellformednessProcedureOutParameters(Function f, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+      var outParams = new List<Variable>();
+      if (f.Result != null) {
+        Formal p = f.Result;
+        Contract.Assert(!p.IsOld);
+        Bpl.Type varType = generator.TrType(p.Type);
+        Expr wh = generator.GetWhereClause(p.tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), varType),
+          p.Type, etran, NOALLOC);
+        outParams.Add(new Bpl.Formal(p.tok, new TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), varType, wh),
+          true));
+      }
+
+      return outParams;
+    }
+
+    private List<Bpl.Requires> GetWellformednessProcedureRequires(Function f, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+      var requires = new List<Bpl.Requires>();
+      // free requires mh == ModuleContextHeight && fh == FunctionContextHeight;
+      requires.Add(generator.Requires(f.tok, true, null, etran.HeightContext(f), null, null, null));
+
+      foreach (var typeBoundAxiom in generator.TypeBoundAxioms(f.tok, Concat(f.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs, f.TypeArgs))) {
+        requires.Add(generator.Requires(f.tok, true, null, typeBoundAxiom, null, null, null));
+      }
+
+      return requires;
+    }
+
+    private List<Variable> GetParameters(Function f, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+      var inParams = new List<Variable>();
+      if (!f.IsStatic) {
+        var th = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, "this", generator.TrReceiverType(f));
+        Expr wh = BplAnd(
+          generator.ReceiverNotNull(th),
+          (f is TwoStateFunction ? etran.Old : etran).GoodRef(f.tok, th, ModuleResolver.GetReceiverType(f.tok, f)));
+        Bpl.Formal thVar = new Bpl.Formal(f.tok, new TypedIdent(f.tok, "this", generator.TrReceiverType(f), wh), true);
+        inParams.Add(thVar);
+      }
+
+      foreach (Formal parameter in f.Ins) {
+        Bpl.Type varType = generator.TrType(parameter.Type);
+        Expr wh = generator.GetWhereClause(parameter.tok,
+          new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(parameter.tok, parameter.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), varType), parameter.Type,
+          parameter.IsOld ? etran.Old : etran, f is TwoStateFunction ? ISALLOC : NOALLOC);
+        inParams.Add(new Bpl.Formal(parameter.tok,
+          new TypedIdent(parameter.tok, parameter.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), varType, wh), true));
+      }
+
+      return inParams;
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Functions.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Functions.cs
index 0fe86915b16..5e61813a2c1 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Functions.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Functions.cs
@@ -13,290 +13,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public partial class BoogieGenerator {
 
-  void AddWellformednessCheck(Function f) {
-    Contract.Requires(f != null);
-    Contract.Requires(sink != null && predef != null);
-    Contract.Requires(f.EnclosingClass != null);
-    Contract.Requires(currentModule == null && codeContext == null && isAllocContext != null);
-    Contract.Ensures(currentModule == null && codeContext == null && isAllocContext != null);
-
-    Contract.Assert(InVerificationScope(f));
-
-    proofDependencies.SetCurrentDefinition(MethodVerboseName(f.FullDafnyName, MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness));
-    currentModule = f.EnclosingClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition;
-    codeContext = f;
-
-    Bpl.Expr prevHeap = null;
-    Bpl.Expr currHeap = null;
-    var ordinaryEtran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, f.tok, f);
-    ExpressionTranslator etran;
-    var inParams_Heap = new List<Bpl.Variable>();
-    if (f is TwoStateFunction) {
-      var prevHeapVar = new Bpl.Formal(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, "previous$Heap", predef.HeapType), true);
-      var currHeapVar = new Bpl.Formal(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, "current$Heap", predef.HeapType), true);
-      inParams_Heap.Add(prevHeapVar);
-      inParams_Heap.Add(currHeapVar);
-      prevHeap = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, prevHeapVar);
-      currHeap = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, currHeapVar);
-      etran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, currHeap, prevHeap, f);
-    } else {
-      etran = ordinaryEtran;
-    }
-
-    // parameters of the procedure
-    var typeInParams = MkTyParamFormals(GetTypeParams(f), true);
-    var inParams = new List<Bpl.Variable>();
-    var outParams = new List<Bpl.Variable>();
-    if (!f.IsStatic) {
-      var th = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, "this", TrReceiverType(f));
-      Bpl.Expr wh = BplAnd(
-        ReceiverNotNull(th),
-        (f is TwoStateFunction ? etran.Old : etran).GoodRef(f.tok, th, ModuleResolver.GetReceiverType(f.tok, f)));
-      Bpl.Formal thVar = new Bpl.Formal(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, "this", TrReceiverType(f), wh), true);
-      inParams.Add(thVar);
-    }
-    foreach (Formal p in f.Formals) {
-      Bpl.Type varType = TrType(p.Type);
-      Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(p.tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), varType), p.Type,
-        p.IsOld ? etran.Old : etran, f is TwoStateFunction ? ISALLOC : NOALLOC);
-      inParams.Add(new Bpl.Formal(p.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), varType, wh), true));
-    }
-    if (f.Result != null) {
-      Formal p = f.Result;
-      Contract.Assert(!p.IsOld);
-      Bpl.Type varType = TrType(p.Type);
-      Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(p.tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), varType), p.Type, etran, NOALLOC);
-      outParams.Add(new Bpl.Formal(p.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), varType, wh), true));
-    }
-    // the procedure itself
-    var req = new List<Bpl.Requires>();
-    // free requires mh == ModuleContextHeight && fh == FunctionContextHeight;
-    req.Add(Requires(f.tok, true, etran.HeightContext(f), null, null, null));
-    if (f is TwoStateFunction) {
-      // free requires prevHeap == Heap && HeapSucc(prevHeap, currHeap) && IsHeap(currHeap)
-      var a0 = Bpl.Expr.Eq(prevHeap, ordinaryEtran.HeapExpr);
-      var a1 = HeapSucc(prevHeap, currHeap);
-      var a2 = FunctionCall(f.tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, currHeap);
-      req.Add(Requires(f.tok, true, BplAnd(a0, BplAnd(a1, a2)), null, null, null));
-    }
-
-    // modifies $Heap
-    var mod = new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr> {
-      ordinaryEtran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr,
-    };
-    // check that postconditions hold
-    var ens = new List<Bpl.Ensures>();
-    foreach (AttributedExpression p in f.Ens) {
-      var functionHeight = currentModule.CallGraph.GetSCCRepresentativePredecessorCount(f);
-      var splits = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-      bool splitHappened /*we actually don't care*/ = TrSplitExpr(p.E, splits, true, functionHeight, true, true, etran);
-      var (errorMessage, successMessage) = CustomErrorMessage(p.Attributes);
-      foreach (var s in splits) {
-        if (s.IsChecked && !RefinementToken.IsInherited(s.Tok, currentModule)) {
-          AddEnsures(ens, EnsuresWithDependencies(s.Tok, false, p.E, s.E, errorMessage, successMessage, null));
-        }
-      }
-    }
-    var proc = new Bpl.Procedure(f.tok, "CheckWellformed" + NameSeparator + f.FullSanitizedName, new List<Bpl.TypeVariable>(),
-      Concat(Concat(typeInParams, inParams_Heap), inParams), outParams,
-      false, req, mod, ens, etran.TrAttributes(f.Attributes, null));
-    AddVerboseNameAttribute(proc, f.FullDafnyName, MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness);
-    sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(proc);
-
-    if (InsertChecksums) {
-      InsertChecksum(f, proc, true);
-    }
-
-    Contract.Assert(proc.InParams.Count == typeInParams.Count + inParams_Heap.Count + inParams.Count);
-    // Changed the next line to strip from inParams instead of proc.InParams
-    // They should be the same, but hence the added contract
-    var implInParams = Bpl.Formal.StripWhereClauses(inParams);
-    var implOutParams = Bpl.Formal.StripWhereClauses(outParams);
-    var locals = new List<Variable>();
-    var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-    var builderInitializationArea = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-    builder.Add(new CommentCmd("AddWellformednessCheck for function " + f));
-    if (f is TwoStateFunction) {
-      // $Heap := current$Heap;
-      var heap = ordinaryEtran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr;
-      builder.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(f.tok, heap, etran.HeapExpr));
-      etran = ordinaryEtran;  // we no longer need the special heap names
-    }
-    builder.AddCaptureState(f.tok, false, "initial state");
-
-    DefineFrame(f.tok, etran.ReadsFrame(f.tok), f.Reads.Expressions, builder, locals, null);
-    InitializeFuelConstant(f.tok, builder, etran);
-
-    var delayer = new ReadsCheckDelayer(etran, null, locals, builderInitializationArea, builder);
-
-    // Check well-formedness of any default-value expressions (before assuming preconditions).
-    delayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(true, wfo => {
-      foreach (var formal in f.Formals.Where(formal => formal.DefaultValue != null)) {
-        var e = formal.DefaultValue;
-        CheckWellformed(e, wfo, locals, builder, etran.WithReadsFrame(etran.readsFrame, null)); // No frame scope for default values
-        builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(e)));
-        CheckSubrange(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, formal.Type, builder);
-
-        if (formal.IsOld) {
-          Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, etran.Old, ISALLOC, true);
-          if (wh != null) {
-            var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("default value", "in the two-state function's previous state");
-            builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(e), wh, desc));
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    });
-
-    // Check well-formedness of the preconditions (including termination), and then
-    // assume each one of them.  After all that (in particular, after assuming all
-    // of them), do the postponed reads checks.
-    delayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
-      foreach (AttributedExpression p in f.Req) {
-        if (p.Label != null) {
-          p.Label.E = (f is TwoStateFunction ? ordinaryEtran : etran.Old).TrExpr(p.E);
-          CheckWellformed(p.E, wfo, locals, builder, etran);
-        } else {
-          CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, wfo, locals, builder, etran, "requires clause");
-        }
-      }
-    });
-
-    // Check well-formedness of the reads clause.  Note that this is done after assuming
-    // the preconditions.  In other words, the well-formedness of the reads clause is
-    // allowed to assume the precondition (yet, the requires clause is checked to
-    // read only those things indicated in the reads clause).
-    delayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
-      CheckFrameWellFormed(wfo, f.Reads.Expressions, locals, builder, etran);
-    });
-
-    // If the function is marked as {:concurrent}, check that the reads clause is empty.
-    if (Attributes.Contains(f.Attributes, Attributes.ConcurrentAttributeName)) {
-      var desc = new PODesc.ConcurrentFrameEmpty("reads clause");
-      CheckFrameEmpty(f.tok, etran, etran.ReadsFrame(f.tok), builder, desc, null);
-    }
-
-    // check well-formedness of the decreases clauses (including termination, but no reads checks)
-    foreach (Expression p in f.Decreases.Expressions) {
-      CheckWellformed(p, new WFOptions(null, false), locals, builder, etran);
-    }
-    // Generate:
-    //   if (*) {
-    //     check well-formedness of postcondition
-    //     assume false;  // don't go on to check the postconditions
-    //   } else {
-    //     check well-formedness of body
-    //     // fall through to check the postconditions themselves
-    //   }
-    // Here go the postconditions (termination checks included, but no reads checks)
-    BoogieStmtListBuilder postCheckBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-    // Assume the type returned by the call itself respects its type (this matters if the type is "nat", for example)
-    {
-      var args = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
-      foreach (var p in GetTypeParams(f)) {
-        args.Add(TrTypeParameter(p));
-      }
-      if (f.IsFuelAware()) {
-        args.Add(etran.layerInterCluster.GetFunctionFuel(f));
-      }
-
-      if (f.IsOpaque || f.IsMadeImplicitlyOpaque(options)) {
-        args.Add(GetRevealConstant(f));
-      }
-      if (f is TwoStateFunction) {
-        args.Add(etran.Old.HeapExpr);
-      }
-      if (f.ReadsHeap) {
-        args.Add(etran.HeapExpr);
-      }
-      if (!f.IsStatic) {
-        args.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, etran.This));
-      }
-      foreach (var p in f.Formals) {
-        args.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), TrType(p.Type)));
-      }
-      Bpl.IdentifierExpr funcID = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, f.FullSanitizedName, TrType(f.ResultType));
-      Bpl.Expr funcAppl = new Bpl.NAryExpr(f.tok, new Bpl.FunctionCall(funcID), args);
-
-      var wh = GetWhereClause(f.tok, funcAppl, f.ResultType, etran, NOALLOC);
-      if (wh != null) {
-        postCheckBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(f.tok, wh));
-      }
-    }
-    // Now for the ensures clauses
-    foreach (AttributedExpression p in f.Ens) {
-      // assume the postcondition for the benefit of checking the remaining postconditions
-      CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, new WFOptions(f, false), locals, postCheckBuilder, etran, "ensures clause");
-    }
-    // Here goes the body (and include both termination checks and reads checks)
-    BoogieStmtListBuilder bodyCheckBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-    if (f.Body == null || !RevealedInScope(f)) {
-      // don't fall through to postcondition checks
-      bodyCheckBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(f.tok, Bpl.Expr.False));
-    } else {
-      var funcID = new Bpl.FunctionCall(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, f.FullSanitizedName, TrType(f.ResultType)));
-      var args = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
-      foreach (var p in GetTypeParams(f)) {
-        args.Add(TrTypeParameter(p));
-      }
-      if (f.IsFuelAware()) {
-        args.Add(etran.layerInterCluster.GetFunctionFuel(f));
-      }
-
-      if (f.IsOpaque || f.IsMadeImplicitlyOpaque(options)) {
-        args.Add(GetRevealConstant(f));
-      }
-      if (f is TwoStateFunction) {
-        args.Add(etran.Old.HeapExpr);
-      }
-      if (f.ReadsHeap) {
-        args.Add(etran.HeapExpr);
-      }
-      foreach (Variable p in implInParams) {
-        args.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, p));
-      }
-      Bpl.Expr funcAppl = new Bpl.NAryExpr(f.tok, funcID, args);
-
-      var bodyCheckDelayer = new ReadsCheckDelayer(etran, null, locals, builderInitializationArea, bodyCheckBuilder);
-      bodyCheckDelayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
-        CheckWellformedWithResult(f.Body, wfo, funcAppl, f.ResultType, locals, bodyCheckBuilder, etran, "function call result");
-        if (f.Result != null) {
-          var cmd = TrAssumeCmd(f.tok, Bpl.Expr.Eq(funcAppl, TrVar(f.tok, f.Result)));
-          proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(cmd, f.tok, new FunctionDefinitionDependency(f));
-          bodyCheckBuilder.Add(cmd);
-        }
-      });
-
-      // Enforce 'older' conditions
-      var (olderParameterCount, olderCondition) = OlderCondition(f, funcAppl, implInParams);
-      if (olderParameterCount != 0) {
-        bodyCheckBuilder.Add(Assert(f.tok, olderCondition, new PODesc.IsOlderProofObligation(olderParameterCount, f.Formals.Count + (f.IsStatic ? 0 : 1))));
-      }
-    }
-    // Combine the two, letting the postcondition be checked on after the "bodyCheckBuilder" branch
-    postCheckBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(f.tok, Bpl.Expr.False));
-    builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(f.tok, null, postCheckBuilder.Collect(f.tok), null, bodyCheckBuilder.Collect(f.tok)));
-
-    var s0 = builderInitializationArea.Collect(f.tok);
-    var s1 = builder.Collect(f.tok);
-    var implBody = new StmtList(new List<BigBlock>(s0.BigBlocks.Concat(s1.BigBlocks)), f.tok);
-
-    if (EmitImplementation(f.Attributes)) {
-      // emit the impl only when there are proof obligations.
-      QKeyValue kv = etran.TrAttributes(f.Attributes, null);
-      var impl = AddImplementationWithAttributes(GetToken(f), proc,
-        Concat(Concat(Bpl.Formal.StripWhereClauses(typeInParams), inParams_Heap), implInParams),
-        implOutParams,
-        locals, implBody, kv);
-      if (InsertChecksums) {
-        InsertChecksum(f, impl);
-      }
-    }
-
-    Contract.Assert(currentModule == f.EnclosingClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition);
-    Contract.Assert(codeContext == f);
-    Reset();
-  }
-
   void AddFunctionAxiom(Bpl.Function boogieFunction, Function f, Expression body) {
     Contract.Requires(f != null);
     Contract.Requires(body != null);
@@ -325,7 +41,7 @@ void AddFunctionAxiom(Bpl.Function boogieFunction, Function f, Expression body)
           decs.Add(surrogate);
         }
       }
-      foreach (var formal in f.Formals) {
+      foreach (var formal in f.Ins) {
         allFormals.Add(formal);
         if (FVs.Contains(formal)) {
           decs.Add(formal);
@@ -451,6 +167,11 @@ void AddFunctionConsequenceAxiom(Boogie.Function boogieFunction, Function f, Lis
         anteIsAlloc = BplAnd(anteIsAlloc, f.ReadsHeap ? heapSucc : Bpl.Expr.True);
       }
     }
+    // ante:  conditions on bounded type parameters
+    foreach (var typeBoundAxiom in TypeBoundAxioms(f.tok, Concat(f.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs, f.TypeArgs))) {
+      ante = BplAnd(ante, typeBoundAxiom);
+      anteIsAlloc = BplAnd(anteIsAlloc, typeBoundAxiom);
+    }
 
     if (!f.IsStatic) {
       var bvThis = new Bpl.BoundVariable(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, etran.This, TrReceiverType(f)));
@@ -470,7 +191,7 @@ void AddFunctionConsequenceAxiom(Boogie.Function boogieFunction, Function f, Lis
         anteIsAlloc = BplAnd(anteIsAlloc, wh);
       }
     }
-    foreach (Formal p in f.Formals) {
+    foreach (Formal p in f.Ins) {
       var bv = new Bpl.BoundVariable(p.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), TrType(p.Type)));
       Bpl.Expr formal = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, bv);
       formals.Add(bv);
@@ -722,6 +443,11 @@ private Axiom GetFunctionAxiom(Function f, Expression body, List<Formal> lits) {
       ante = BplAnd(ante, HeapSucc(etran.Old.HeapExpr, etran.HeapExpr));
     }
 
+    // ante:  conditions on bounded type parameters
+    foreach (var typeBoundAxiom in TypeBoundAxioms(f.tok, Concat(f.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs, f.TypeArgs))) {
+      ante = BplAnd(ante, typeBoundAxiom);
+    }
+
     Expression receiverReplacement = null;
     if (!f.IsStatic) {
       var bvThis = new Bpl.BoundVariable(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, etran.This, TrReceiverType(f)));
@@ -751,7 +477,7 @@ private Axiom GetFunctionAxiom(Function f, Expression body, List<Formal> lits) {
     var typeMap = new Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type>();
     var anteReqAxiom = ante; // note that antecedent so far is the same for #requires axioms, even the receiver parameter of a two-state function
     var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-    foreach (Formal p in f.Formals) {
+    foreach (Formal p in f.Ins) {
       var pType = p.Type.Subst(typeMap);
       bv = new Bpl.BoundVariable(p.tok,
         new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), TrType(pType)));
@@ -793,7 +519,7 @@ private Axiom GetFunctionAxiom(Function f, Expression body, List<Formal> lits) {
       // Checked preconditions that old parameters really existed in previous state
       var index = 0;
       Bpl.Expr preRA = Bpl.Expr.True;
-      foreach (var formal in f.Formals) {
+      foreach (var formal in f.Ins) {
         if (formal.IsOld) {
           var dafnyFormalIdExpr = new IdentifierExpr(formal.tok, formal);
           preRA = BplAnd(preRA, MkIsAlloc(etran.TrExpr(dafnyFormalIdExpr), formal.Type, etran.Old.HeapExpr));
@@ -883,7 +609,7 @@ private Axiom GetFunctionAxiom(Function f, Expression body, List<Formal> lits) {
       }
 
       var etranBody = layer == null ? etran : etran.LimitedFunctions(f, ly);
-      var trbody = CondApplyBox(f.tok, etranBody.TrExpr(bodyWithSubst), f.Body.Type, f.ResultType);
+      var trbody = AdaptBoxing(f.tok, etranBody.TrExpr(bodyWithSubst), f.Body.Type, f.ResultType);
       tastyVegetarianOption = BplAnd(etranBody.CanCallAssumption(bodyWithSubst),
         BplAnd(TrFunctionSideEffect(bodyWithSubst, etranBody), Bpl.Expr.Eq(funcAppl, trbody)));
     }
@@ -899,7 +625,7 @@ private Axiom GetFunctionAxiom(Function f, Expression body, List<Formal> lits) {
     string comment;
     comment = "definition axiom for " + f.FullSanitizedName;
     if (lits != null) {
-      if (lits.Count == f.Formals.Count + (f.IsStatic ? 0 : 1)) {
+      if (lits.Count == f.Ins.Count + (f.IsStatic ? 0 : 1)) {
         comment += " for all literals";
       } else {
         comment += " for decreasing-related literals";
@@ -911,7 +637,9 @@ private Axiom GetFunctionAxiom(Function f, Expression body, List<Formal> lits) {
     } else {
       comment += " (opaque)";
     }
-    return new Axiom(f.tok, BplImp(activate, ax), comment);
+    return new Axiom(f.tok, BplImp(activate, ax), comment) {
+      CanHide = true
+    };
   }
 
 
@@ -934,39 +662,6 @@ Expr TrFunctionSideEffect(Statement stmt, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
     return e;
   }
 
-  Expr TrStmtSideEffect(Expr e, Statement stmt, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
-    if (stmt is CallStmt) {
-      var call = (CallStmt)stmt;
-      var m = call.Method;
-      if (IsOpaqueRevealLemma(m)) {
-        List<Expression> args = Attributes.FindExpressions(m.Attributes, "fuel");
-        if (args != null) {
-          MemberSelectExpr selectExpr = args[0].Resolved as MemberSelectExpr;
-          if (selectExpr != null) {
-            Function f = selectExpr.Member as Function;
-            FuelConstant fuelConstant = this.functionFuel.Find(x => x.f == f);
-            if (fuelConstant != null) {
-              Bpl.Expr startFuel = fuelConstant.startFuel;
-              Bpl.Expr startFuelAssert = fuelConstant.startFuelAssert;
-              Bpl.Expr moreFuel_expr = fuelConstant.MoreFuel(sink, predef, f.IdGenerator);
-              Bpl.Expr layer = etran.layerInterCluster.LayerN(1, moreFuel_expr);
-              Bpl.Expr layerAssert = etran.layerInterCluster.LayerN(2, moreFuel_expr);
-
-              e = BplAnd(e, Bpl.Expr.Eq(startFuel, layer));
-              e = BplAnd(e, Bpl.Expr.Eq(startFuelAssert, layerAssert));
-              e = BplAnd(e, Bpl.Expr.Eq(this.FunctionCall(f.tok, BuiltinFunction.AsFuelBottom, null, moreFuel_expr), moreFuel_expr));
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    } else if (stmt is RevealStmt) {
-      var reveal = (RevealStmt)stmt;
-      foreach (var s in reveal.ResolvedStatements) {
-        e = BplAnd(e, TrFunctionSideEffect(s, etran));
-      }
-    }
-    return e;
-  }
 
 
   public string FunctionHandle(Function f) {
@@ -982,7 +677,7 @@ public string FunctionHandle(Function f) {
       var argsRequires = new List<Bpl.Expr>(args); // Requires don't have reveal parameters
       var formals = MkTyParamFormals(GetTypeParams(f), false, true);
       var tyargs = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
-      foreach (var fm in f.Formals) {
+      foreach (var fm in f.Ins) {
         tyargs.Add(TypeToTy(fm.Type));
       }
       tyargs.Add(TypeToTy(f.ResultType));
@@ -1032,7 +727,7 @@ public string FunctionHandle(Function f) {
       var boxed_func_args = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
 
       var idGen = f.IdGenerator.NestedFreshIdGenerator("$fh$");
-      foreach (var fm in f.Formals) {
+      foreach (var fm in f.Ins) {
         string fm_name = idGen.FreshId("x#");
         // Box and its [Unbox]args
         var fe = BplBoundVar(fm_name, predef.BoxType, bvars);
@@ -1050,7 +745,7 @@ public string FunctionHandle(Function f) {
 
       var h = BplBoundVar("$heap", predef.HeapType, vars);
 
-      int arity = f.Formals.Count;
+      int arity = f.Ins.Count;
 
       {
         // Apply(Ty.., F#Handle( Ty1, ..., TyN, Layer, self), Heap, arg1, ..., argN)
@@ -1246,7 +941,7 @@ void AddFrameAxiom(Function f) {
     // (formalsAreWellFormed[h0] || canCallF(h0,...)) && (formalsAreWellFormed[h1] || canCallF(h1,...))
     Bpl.Expr fwf0 = Bpl.Expr.True;
     Bpl.Expr fwf1 = Bpl.Expr.True;
-    foreach (Formal p in f.Formals) {
+    foreach (Formal p in f.Ins) {
       Bpl.BoundVariable bv = new Bpl.BoundVariable(p.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), TrType(p.Type)));
       bvars.Add(bv);
       Bpl.Expr formal = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, bv);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Iterators.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Iterators.cs
index 54c50f04c69..6ba4aef2c77 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Iterators.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Iterators.cs
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Bpl.Procedure AddIteratorProc(IteratorDecl iter, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
       // FREE PRECONDITIONS
       if (kind == MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness || kind == MethodTranslationKind.Implementation) {  // the other cases have no need for a free precondition
         // free requires mh == ModuleContextHeight && fh = FunctionContextHeight;
-        req.Add(Requires(iter.tok, true, etran.HeightContext(iter), null, null, null));
+        req.Add(Requires(iter.tok, true, null, etran.HeightContext(iter), null, null, null));
       }
       mod.Add(etran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr);
 
@@ -94,11 +94,11 @@ Bpl.Procedure AddIteratorProc(IteratorDecl iter, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
             // don't include this precondition here, but record it for later use
             p.Label.E = etran.Old.TrExpr(p.E);
           } else {
-            foreach (var s in TrSplitExprForMethodSpec(p.E, etran, kind)) {
-              if (kind == MethodTranslationKind.Call && RefinementToken.IsInherited(s.Tok, currentModule)) {
+            foreach (var s in TrSplitExprForMethodSpec(new BodyTranslationContext(false), p.E, etran, kind)) {
+              if (kind == MethodTranslationKind.CallPre && RefinementToken.IsInherited(s.Tok, currentModule)) {
                 // this precondition was inherited into this module, so just ignore it
               } else {
-                req.Add(Requires(s.Tok, s.IsOnlyFree, s.E, errorMessage, successMessage, comment));
+                req.Add(Requires(s.Tok, s.IsOnlyFree, p.E, s.E, errorMessage, successMessage, comment));
                 comment = null;
                 // the free here is not linked to the free on the original expression (this is free things generated in the splitting.)
               }
@@ -107,17 +107,17 @@ Bpl.Procedure AddIteratorProc(IteratorDecl iter, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
         }
         comment = "user-defined postconditions";
         foreach (var p in iter.Ensures) {
-          foreach (var s in TrSplitExprForMethodSpec(p.E, etran, kind)) {
+          foreach (var s in TrSplitExprForMethodSpec(new BodyTranslationContext(false), p.E, etran, kind)) {
             if (kind == MethodTranslationKind.Implementation && RefinementToken.IsInherited(s.Tok, currentModule)) {
               // this postcondition was inherited into this module, so just ignore it
             } else {
-              ens.Add(Ensures(s.Tok, s.IsOnlyFree, s.E, null, null, comment));
+              ens.Add(Ensures(s.Tok, s.IsOnlyFree, p.E, s.E, null, null, comment));
               comment = null;
             }
           }
         }
         foreach (BoilerplateTriple tri in GetTwoStateBoilerplate(iter.tok, iter.Modifies.Expressions, false, iter.AllowsAllocation, etran.Old, etran, etran.Old)) {
-          ens.Add(Ensures(tri.tok, tri.IsFree, tri.Expr, tri.ErrorMessage, tri.SuccessMessage, tri.Comment));
+          ens.Add(Ensures(tri.tok, tri.IsFree, null, tri.Expr, tri.ErrorMessage, tri.SuccessMessage, tri.Comment));
         }
       }
 
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ void AddIteratorWellformednessCheck(IteratorDecl iter, Procedure proc) {
       Contract.Assert(1 <= inParams.Count);  // there should at least be a receiver parameter
       Contract.Assert(proc.OutParams.Count == 0);
 
-      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, new BodyTranslationContext(false));
       var etran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, iter.tok, iter);
       // Don't do reads checks since iterator reads clauses mean something else.
       // See comment inside GenerateIteratorImplPrelude().
@@ -158,18 +158,19 @@ void AddIteratorWellformednessCheck(IteratorDecl iter, Procedure proc) {
         var e = formal.DefaultValue;
         CheckWellformed(e, new WFOptions(null, false, false, true), localVariables, builder, etran.WithReadsFrame(etran.readsFrame, null));
         builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(e)));
-        CheckSubrange(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, formal.Type, builder);
+        CheckSubrange(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, formal.Type, e, builder);
       }
       // check well-formedness of the preconditions, and then assume each one of them
+      var wfOptions = new WFOptions();
       foreach (var p in iter.Requires) {
-        CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, new WFOptions(), localVariables, builder, etran, "iterator requires clause");
+        CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, wfOptions, localVariables, builder, etran, "iterator requires clause");
       }
       // check well-formedness of the modifies and reads clauses
-      CheckFrameWellFormed(new WFOptions(), iter.Modifies.Expressions, localVariables, builder, etran);
-      CheckFrameWellFormed(new WFOptions(), iter.Reads.Expressions, localVariables, builder, etran);
+      CheckFrameWellFormed(wfOptions, iter.Modifies.Expressions, localVariables, builder, etran);
+      CheckFrameWellFormed(wfOptions, iter.Reads.Expressions, localVariables, builder, etran);
       // check well-formedness of the decreases clauses
       foreach (var p in iter.Decreases.Expressions) {
-        CheckWellformed(p, new WFOptions(), localVariables, builder, etran);
+        CheckWellformed(p, wfOptions, localVariables, builder, etran);
       }
 
       // Next, we assume about this.* whatever we said that the iterator constructor promises
@@ -220,8 +221,8 @@ void AddIteratorWellformednessCheck(IteratorDecl iter, Procedure proc) {
       builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(iter.tok, yeEtran.TrExpr(cond)));
 
       // check wellformedness of postconditions
-      var yeBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-      var endBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var yeBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+      var endBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
       // In the yield-ensures case:  assume this.Valid();
       yeBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(yeEtran, iter.tok, validCall, "iterator validity"));
       Contract.Assert(iter.OutsFields.Count == iter.OutsHistoryFields.Count);
@@ -244,10 +245,10 @@ void AddIteratorWellformednessCheck(IteratorDecl iter, Procedure proc) {
       }
 
       foreach (var p in iter.YieldEnsures) {
-        CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, new WFOptions(), localVariables, yeBuilder, yeEtran, "iterator yield-ensures clause");
+        CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, wfOptions, localVariables, yeBuilder, yeEtran, "iterator yield-ensures clause");
       }
       foreach (var p in iter.Ensures) {
-        CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, new WFOptions(), localVariables, endBuilder, yeEtran, "iterator ensures clause");
+        CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, wfOptions, localVariables, endBuilder, yeEtran, "iterator ensures clause");
       }
       builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(iter.tok, null, yeBuilder.Collect(iter.tok), null, endBuilder.Collect(iter.tok)));
 
@@ -278,7 +279,7 @@ void AddIteratorImpl(IteratorDecl iter, Bpl.Procedure proc) {
       Contract.Assert(1 <= inParams.Count);  // there should at least be a receiver parameter
       Contract.Assert(proc.OutParams.Count == 0);
 
-      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, new BodyTranslationContext(iter.ContainsHide));
       var etran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, iter.tok, iter);
       // Don't do reads checks since iterator reads clauses mean something else.
       // See comment inside GenerateIteratorImplPrelude().
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.LetExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.LetExpr.cs
index 9bcfa1a3912..15e39c0850a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.LetExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.LetExpr.cs
@@ -8,193 +8,298 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
-using System.Numerics;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
-using System.IO;
-using System.Reflection;
-using System.Security.Cryptography;
 using Bpl = Microsoft.Boogie;
-using BplParser = Microsoft.Boogie.Parser;
-using System.Text;
-using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
-using System.Threading;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
 using static Microsoft.Dafny.Util;
-using Core;
-using DafnyCore.Verifier;
-using Microsoft.BaseTypes;
-using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
-using Microsoft.Dafny.Triggers;
-using Action = System.Action;
-using PODesc = Microsoft.Dafny.ProofObligationDescription;
-using static Microsoft.Dafny.GenericErrors;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
   public partial class BoogieGenerator {
+    public partial class ExpressionTranslator {
 
-    /// <summary>
-    /// Fills in, if necessary, the e.translationDesugaring field, and returns it.
-    /// Also, makes sure that letSuchThatExprInfo maps e to something.
-    /// </summary>
-    Expression LetDesugaring(LetExpr e) {
-      Contract.Requires(e != null);
-      Contract.Requires(!e.Exact);
-      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Expression>() != null);
-      if (e.GetTranslationDesugaring(this) == null) {
-        // For let-such-that expression:
-        //   var x:X, y:Y :| P(x,y,g); F(...)
-        // where
-        //   - g has type G, and
-        //   - tt* denotes the list of type variables in the types X and Y and expression F(...),
-        // declare a function for each bound variable:
-        //   function $let$x(Ty*, G): X;
-        //   function $let$y(Ty*, G): Y;
-        //   function $let_canCall(Ty*, G): bool;
-        // and add an axiom about these functions:
-        //   axiom (forall tt*:Ty*, g:G ::
-        //            { $let$x(tt*, g) }
-        //            { $let$y(tt*, g) }
-        //            $let$_canCall(tt*, g)) ==>
-        //            P($let$x(tt*, g), $let$y(tt*, g), g));
-        // and create the desugaring:
-        //   var x:X, y:Y := $let$x(tt*, g), $let$y(tt*, g); F(...)
-        if (e is SubstLetExpr) {
-          // desugar based on the original letexpr.
-          var expr = (SubstLetExpr)e;
-          var orgExpr = expr.orgExpr;
-          Expression d = LetDesugaring(orgExpr);
-          e.SetTranslationDesugaring(this, Substitute(d, null, expr.substMap, expr.typeMap));
-          var orgInfo = letSuchThatExprInfo[orgExpr];
-          letSuchThatExprInfo.Add(expr, new LetSuchThatExprInfo(orgInfo, this, expr.substMap, expr.typeMap));
+      private Expr LetCanCallAssumption(LetExpr expr) {
+        if (!expr.Exact) {
+          // CanCall[[ var b0,b1 :| RHS(b0,b1,g); Body(b0,b1,g,h) ]] =
+          //   $let$canCall(g) &&
+          //   CanCall[[ Body($let$b0(g), $let$b1(g), h) ]]
+          LetDesugaring(expr);  // call LetDesugaring to prepare the desugaring and populate letSuchThatExprInfo with something for e
+          var info = BoogieGenerator.letSuchThatExprInfo[expr];
+          // $let$canCall(g)
+          var canCall = info.CanCallFunctionCall(BoogieGenerator, this);
+          Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
+          foreach (var bv in expr.BoundVars) {
+            // create a call to $let$x(g)
+            var args = info.SkolemFunctionArgs(bv, BoogieGenerator, this);
+            var call = new BoogieFunctionCall(bv.tok, info.SkolemFunctionName(bv), info.UsesHeap, info.UsesOldHeap, info.UsesHeapAt, args.Item1, args.Item2);
+            call.Type = bv.Type;
+            substMap.Add(bv, call);
+          }
+          var p = Substitute(expr.Body, null, substMap);
+          var cc = BplAnd(canCall, CanCallAssumption(p));
+          return cc;
         } else {
-          // First, determine "g" as a list of Dafny variables FVs plus possibly this, $Heap, and old($Heap),
-          // and determine "tt*" as a list of Dafny type variables
-          LetSuchThatExprInfo info;
-          {
-            var FVs = new HashSet<IVariable>();
-            bool usesHeap = false, usesOldHeap = false;
-            var FVsHeapAt = new HashSet<Label>();
-            Type usesThis = null;
-            FreeVariablesUtil.ComputeFreeVariables(options, e.RHSs[0], FVs, ref usesHeap, ref usesOldHeap, FVsHeapAt, ref usesThis, false);
-            var FTVs = new HashSet<TypeParameter>();
-            foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
-              FVs.Remove(bv);
-              ComputeFreeTypeVariables(bv.Type, FTVs);
-            }
-            ComputeFreeTypeVariables(e.RHSs[0], FTVs);
-            info = new LetSuchThatExprInfo(e.tok, letSuchThatExprInfo.Count, FVs.ToList(), FTVs.ToList(), usesHeap, usesOldHeap, FVsHeapAt, usesThis, currentDeclaration);
-            letSuchThatExprInfo.Add(e, info);
+          // CanCall[[ var b := RHS(g); Body(b,g,h) ]] =
+          //   CanCall[[ RHS(g) ]] &&
+          //   (var lhs0,lhs1,... := rhs0,rhs1,...;  CanCall[[ Body ]])
+          Boogie.Expr canCallRHS = Boogie.Expr.True;
+          foreach (var rhs in expr.RHSs) {
+            canCallRHS = BplAnd(canCallRHS, CanCallAssumption(rhs));
           }
 
-          foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
-            Bpl.Variable resType = new Bpl.Formal(bv.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(bv.tok, Bpl.TypedIdent.NoName, TrType(bv.Type)), false);
-            Bpl.Expr ante;
-            List<Variable> formals = info.GAsVars(this, true, out ante, null);
-            var fn = new Bpl.Function(bv.tok, info.SkolemFunctionName(bv), formals, resType);
+          var bodyCanCall = CanCallAssumption(expr.Body);
+          // We'd like to compute the free variables if "bodyCanCall". It would be nice to use the Boogie
+          // routine Bpl.Expr.ComputeFreeVariables for this purpose. However, calling it requires the Boogie
+          // expression to be resolved. Instead, we do the cheesy thing of computing the set of names of
+          // free variables in "bodyCanCall".
+          var vis = new VariableNameVisitor();
+          vis.Visit(bodyCanCall);
 
-            if (InsertChecksums) {
-              InsertChecksum(e.Body, fn);
-            }
+          List<Boogie.Variable> lhssAll;
+          List<Boogie.Expr> rhssAll;
+          TrLetExprPieces(expr, out lhssAll, out rhssAll);
+          Contract.Assert(lhssAll.Count == rhssAll.Count);
 
-            sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(fn);
+          // prune lhss,rhss to contain only those pairs where the LHS is used in the body
+          var lhssPruned = new List<Boogie.Variable>();
+          var rhssPruned = new List<Boogie.Expr>();
+          for (var i = 0; i < lhssAll.Count; i++) {
+            var bv = lhssAll[i];
+            if (vis.Names.Contains(bv.Name)) {
+              lhssPruned.Add(bv);
+              rhssPruned.Add(rhssAll[i]);
+            }
           }
-          var canCallFunction = AddLetSuchThatCanCallFunction(e, info);
-          AddLetSuchThenCanCallAxiom(e, info, canCallFunction);
+          Boogie.Expr let = lhssPruned.Count == 0 ? bodyCanCall : new Boogie.LetExpr(expr.tok, lhssPruned, rhssPruned, null, bodyCanCall);
+          return BplAnd(canCallRHS, let);
+        }
+      }
 
-          // now that we've declared the functions and axioms, let's prepare the let-such-that desugaring
-          {
-            var etran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, e.tok, null);
-            var rhss = new List<Expression>();
-            foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
-              var args = info.SkolemFunctionArgs(bv, this, etran);
-              var rhs = new BoogieFunctionCall(bv.tok, info.SkolemFunctionName(bv), info.UsesHeap, info.UsesOldHeap, info.UsesHeapAt, args.Item1, args.Item2);
-              rhs.Type = bv.Type;
-              rhss.Add(rhs);
+      private Expr TrLetExpr(LetExpr letExpr) {
+        if (!letExpr.Exact) {
+          var d = LetDesugaring(letExpr);
+          return TrExpr(d);
+        } else {
+          TrLetExprPieces(letExpr, out var lhss, out var rhss);
+          // in the translation of body, treat a let-bound variable as IsLit if its RHS definition is IsLit
+          Contract.Assert(lhss.Count == rhss.Count); // this is a postcondition of TrLetExprPieces
+          var previousCount = BoogieGenerator.letBoundVariablesWithLitRHS.Count;
+          for (var i = 0; i < lhss.Count; i++) {
+            if (BoogieGenerator.IsLit(rhss[i])) {
+              BoogieGenerator.letBoundVariablesWithLitRHS.Add(lhss[i].Name);
             }
-            var expr = new LetExpr(e.tok, e.LHSs, rhss, e.Body, true);
-            expr.Type = e.Type; // resolve here
-            e.SetTranslationDesugaring(this, expr);
+
+            i++;
           }
+
+          var body = TrExpr(letExpr.Body);
+          foreach (var v in lhss) {
+            BoogieGenerator.letBoundVariablesWithLitRHS.Remove(v.Name);
+          }
+
+          Contract.Assert(previousCount == BoogieGenerator.letBoundVariablesWithLitRHS.Count);
+          // in the following, use the token for Body instead of the token for the whole let expression; this gives better error locations
+          return new Boogie.LetExpr(GetToken(letExpr.Body), lhss, rhss, null, body);
         }
       }
-      return e.GetTranslationDesugaring(this);
-    }
-
-    private Bpl.Function AddLetSuchThatCanCallFunction(LetExpr e, LetSuchThatExprInfo info) {
-      Bpl.Variable resType = new Bpl.Formal(e.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(e.tok, Bpl.TypedIdent.NoName, Bpl.Type.Bool),
-        false);
-      List<Variable> formals = info.GAsVars(this, true, out var ante, null);
-      var canCallFunction = new Bpl.Function(e.tok, info.CanCallFunctionName(), formals, resType);
 
-      if (InsertChecksums) {
-        InsertChecksum(e.Body, canCallFunction);
+      public void TrLetExprPieces(LetExpr let, out List<Boogie.Variable> lhss, out List<Boogie.Expr> rhss) {
+        Contract.Requires(let != null);
+        var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < let.LHSs.Count; i++) {
+          var rhs = TrExpr(let.RHSs[i]);
+          var toType = let.LHSs[i].Var?.Type ?? let.LHSs[i].Expr.Type;
+          rhs = BoogieGenerator.CondApplyBox(rhs.tok, rhs, let.RHSs[i].Type, toType);
+          BoogieGenerator.AddCasePatternVarSubstitutions(let.LHSs[i], rhs, substMap);
+        }
+        lhss = new List<Boogie.Variable>();
+        rhss = new List<Boogie.Expr>();
+        foreach (var v in let.BoundVars) {
+          var rhs = substMap[v];  // this should succeed (that is, "v" is in "substMap"), because the AddCasePatternVarSubstitutions calls above should have added a mapping for each bound variable in let.BoundVars
+          var bv = BplBoundVar(v.AssignUniqueName(BoogieGenerator.currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), BoogieGenerator.TrType(v.Type), out var bvIde);
+          lhss.Add(bv);
+          rhss.Add(TrExpr(rhs));
+        }
       }
 
-      sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(canCallFunction);
-      return canCallFunction;
-    }
+      /// <summary>
+      /// Fills in, if necessary, the e.translationDesugaring field, and returns it.
+      /// Also, makes sure that letSuchThatExprInfo maps e to something.
+      /// </summary>
+      public Expression LetDesugaring(LetExpr e) {
+        Contract.Requires(e != null);
+        Contract.Requires(!e.Exact);
+        Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Expression>() != null);
+        if (e.GetTranslationDesugaring(BoogieGenerator) == null) {
+          // For let-such-that expression:
+          //   var x:X, y:Y :| P(x,y,g); F(...)
+          // where
+          //   - g has type G, and
+          //   - tt* denotes the list of type variables in the types X and Y and expression F(...),
+          // declare a function for each bound variable:
+          //   function $let$x(Ty*, G): X;
+          //   function $let$y(Ty*, G): Y;
+          //   function $let_canCall(Ty*, G): bool;
+          // and add an axiom about these functions:
+          //   axiom (forall tt*:Ty*, g:G ::
+          //            { $let$x(tt*, g) }
+          //            { $let$y(tt*, g) }
+          //            $let$_canCall(tt*, g)) ==>
+          //            P($let$x(tt*, g), $let$y(tt*, g), g));
+          // and create the desugaring:
+          //   var x:X, y:Y := $let$x(tt*, g), $let$y(tt*, g); F(...)
+          if (e is SubstLetExpr) {
+            // desugar based on the original letexpr.
+            var expr = (SubstLetExpr)e;
+            var orgExpr = expr.orgExpr;
+            Expression d = LetDesugaring(orgExpr);
+            e.SetTranslationDesugaring(BoogieGenerator, Substitute(d, null, expr.substMap, expr.typeMap));
+            var orgInfo = BoogieGenerator.letSuchThatExprInfo[orgExpr];
+            BoogieGenerator.letSuchThatExprInfo.Add(expr, new LetSuchThatExprInfo(orgInfo, BoogieGenerator, expr.substMap, expr.typeMap));
+          } else {
+            // First, determine "g" as a list of Dafny variables FVs plus possibly this, $Heap, and old($Heap),
+            // and determine "tt*" as a list of Dafny type variables
+            LetSuchThatExprInfo info;
+            {
+              var FVs = new HashSet<IVariable>();
+              bool usesHeap = false, usesOldHeap = false;
+              var FVsHeapAt = new HashSet<Label>();
+              Type usesThis = null;
+              FreeVariablesUtil.ComputeFreeVariables(options, e.RHSs[0], FVs, ref usesHeap, ref usesOldHeap, FVsHeapAt,
+                ref usesThis, false);
+              var FTVs = new HashSet<TypeParameter>();
+              foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
+                FVs.Remove(bv);
+                ComputeFreeTypeVariables(bv.Type, FTVs);
+              }
 
-    private void AddLetSuchThenCanCallAxiom(LetExpr e, LetSuchThatExprInfo info, Bpl.Function canCallFunction) {
-      var etranCC = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, info.HeapExpr(this, false), info.HeapExpr(this, true), null);
-      Bpl.Expr typeAntecedents; // later ignored
-      List<Variable> gg = info.GAsVars(this, false, out typeAntecedents, etranCC);
-      var gExprs = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
-      foreach (Bpl.Variable g in gg) {
-        gExprs.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(g.tok, g));
-      }
+              ComputeFreeTypeVariables(e.RHSs[0], FTVs);
+              info = new LetSuchThatExprInfo(e.tok, BoogieGenerator.letSuchThatExprInfo.Count, FVs.ToList(), FTVs.ToList(), usesHeap,
+                usesOldHeap, FVsHeapAt, usesThis, BoogieGenerator.currentDeclaration);
+              BoogieGenerator.letSuchThatExprInfo.Add(e, info);
+            }
+
+            foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
+              Bpl.Variable resType = new Bpl.Formal(bv.tok,
+                new Bpl.TypedIdent(bv.tok, Bpl.TypedIdent.NoName, BoogieGenerator.TrType(bv.Type)), false);
+              Bpl.Expr ante;
+              List<Variable> formals = info.GAsVars(BoogieGenerator, true, out ante, null);
+              var fn = new Bpl.Function(bv.tok, info.SkolemFunctionName(bv), formals, resType);
+
+              if (BoogieGenerator.InsertChecksums) {
+                BoogieGenerator.InsertChecksum(e.Body, fn);
+              }
+
+              BoogieGenerator.sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(fn);
+            }
+
+            var canCallFunction = AddLetSuchThatCanCallFunction(e, info);
+            AddLetSuchThenCanCallAxiom(e, info, canCallFunction);
 
-      Bpl.Trigger tr = null;
-      Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-      Bpl.Expr antecedent = Bpl.Expr.True;
-      foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
-        // create a call to $let$x(g)
-        var call = FunctionCall(e.tok, info.SkolemFunctionName(bv), TrType(bv.Type), gExprs);
-        tr = new Bpl.Trigger(e.tok, true, new List<Bpl.Expr> { call }, tr);
-        substMap.Add(bv, new BoogieWrapper(call, bv.Type));
-        if (!(bv.Type.IsTypeParameter)) {
-          Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(bv.tok, call, bv.Type, etranCC, NOALLOC);
-          if (wh != null) {
-            antecedent = BplAnd(antecedent, wh);
+            // now that we've declared the functions and axioms, let's prepare the let-such-that desugaring
+            {
+              var etran = new ExpressionTranslator(BoogieGenerator, predef, e.tok, null);
+              var rhss = new List<Expression>();
+              foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
+                var args = info.SkolemFunctionArgs(bv, BoogieGenerator, etran);
+                var rhs = new BoogieFunctionCall(bv.tok, info.SkolemFunctionName(bv), info.UsesHeap, info.UsesOldHeap,
+                  info.UsesHeapAt, args.Item1, args.Item2);
+                rhs.Type = bv.Type;
+                rhss.Add(rhs);
+              }
+
+              var expr = new LetExpr(e.tok, e.LHSs, rhss, e.Body, true);
+              expr.Type = e.Type; // resolve here
+              e.SetTranslationDesugaring(BoogieGenerator, expr);
+            }
           }
         }
-      }
 
-      var i = info.FTVs.Count + (info.UsesHeap ? 1 : 0) + (info.UsesOldHeap ? 1 : 0) + info.UsesHeapAt.Count;
-      Expression receiverReplacement;
-      if (info.ThisType == null) {
-        receiverReplacement = null;
-      } else {
-        receiverReplacement = new BoogieWrapper(gExprs[i], info.ThisType);
-        i++;
+        return e.GetTranslationDesugaring(BoogieGenerator);
       }
 
-      foreach (var fv in info.FVs) {
-        var ge = gExprs[i];
-        substMap.Add(fv, new BoogieWrapper(ge, fv.Type));
-        i++;
+      private Bpl.Function AddLetSuchThatCanCallFunction(LetExpr e, LetSuchThatExprInfo info) {
+        Bpl.Variable resType = new Bpl.Formal(e.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(e.tok, Bpl.TypedIdent.NoName, Bpl.Type.Bool),
+          false);
+        List<Variable> formals = info.GAsVars(BoogieGenerator, true, out var ante, null);
+        var canCallFunction = new Bpl.Function(e.tok, info.CanCallFunctionName(), formals, resType);
+
+        if (BoogieGenerator.InsertChecksums) {
+          BoogieGenerator.InsertChecksum(e.Body, canCallFunction);
+        }
+
+        BoogieGenerator.sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(canCallFunction);
+        return canCallFunction;
       }
 
-      var canCall = FunctionCall(e.tok, info.CanCallFunctionName(), Bpl.Type.Bool, gExprs);
-      var p = Substitute(e.RHSs[0], receiverReplacement, substMap);
-      Bpl.Expr ax = BplImp(canCall, BplAnd(antecedent, etranCC.TrExpr(p)));
-      ax = BplForall(gg, tr, ax);
-      AddOtherDefinition(canCallFunction, new Bpl.Axiom(e.tok, ax));
+      private void AddLetSuchThenCanCallAxiom(LetExpr e, LetSuchThatExprInfo info, Bpl.Function canCallFunction) {
+        var etranCC =
+          new ExpressionTranslator(BoogieGenerator, predef, info.HeapExpr(BoogieGenerator, false), info.HeapExpr(BoogieGenerator, true), null);
+        Bpl.Expr typeAntecedents; // later ignored
+        List<Variable> gg = info.GAsVars(BoogieGenerator, false, out typeAntecedents, etranCC);
+        var gExprs = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
+        foreach (Bpl.Variable g in gg) {
+          gExprs.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(g.tok, g));
+        }
+
+        Bpl.Trigger tr = null;
+        Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
+        Bpl.Expr antecedent = Bpl.Expr.True;
+        foreach (var bv in e.BoundVars) {
+          // create a call to $let$x(g)
+          var call = FunctionCall(e.tok, info.SkolemFunctionName(bv), BoogieGenerator.TrType(bv.Type), gExprs);
+          tr = new Bpl.Trigger(e.tok, true, new List<Bpl.Expr> { call }, tr);
+          substMap.Add(bv, new BoogieWrapper(call, bv.Type));
+          if (!(bv.Type.IsTypeParameter)) {
+            Bpl.Expr wh = BoogieGenerator.GetWhereClause(bv.tok, call, bv.Type, etranCC, NOALLOC);
+            if (wh != null) {
+              antecedent = BplAnd(antecedent, wh);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        var i = info.FTVs.Count + (info.UsesHeap ? 1 : 0) + (info.UsesOldHeap ? 1 : 0) + info.UsesHeapAt.Count;
+        Expression receiverReplacement;
+        if (info.ThisType == null) {
+          receiverReplacement = null;
+        } else {
+          receiverReplacement = new BoogieWrapper(gExprs[i], info.ThisType);
+          i++;
+        }
+
+        foreach (var fv in info.FVs) {
+          var ge = gExprs[i];
+          substMap.Add(fv, new BoogieWrapper(ge, fv.Type));
+          i++;
+        }
+
+        var canCall = FunctionCall(e.tok, info.CanCallFunctionName(), Bpl.Type.Bool, gExprs);
+        var p = Substitute(e.RHSs[0], receiverReplacement, substMap);
+        Bpl.Expr ax = BplImp(canCall, BplAnd(antecedent, etranCC.TrExpr(p)));
+        ax = BplForall(gg, tr, ax);
+        BoogieGenerator.AddOtherDefinition(canCallFunction, new Bpl.Axiom(e.tok, ax));
+      }
     }
 
-    class LetSuchThatExprInfo {
+    public Dictionary<LetExpr, LetSuchThatExprInfo> letSuchThatExprInfo = new();
+
+    public class LetSuchThatExprInfo {
       public readonly IToken Tok;
       public readonly int LetId;
       public readonly List<IVariable> FVs;
-      public readonly List<Expression> FV_Exprs;  // these are what initially were the free variables, but they may have undergone substitution so they are here Expression's.
+
+      public readonly List<Expression>
+        FV_Exprs; // these are what initially were the free variables, but they may have undergone substitution so they are here Expression's.
+
       public readonly List<TypeParameter> FTVs;
       public readonly List<Type> FTV_Types;
       public readonly bool UsesHeap;
       public readonly bool UsesOldHeap;
       public readonly List<Label> UsesHeapAt;
-      public readonly Type ThisType;  // null if 'this' is not used
+      public readonly Type ThisType; // null if 'this' is not used
+
       public LetSuchThatExprInfo(IToken tok, int uniqueLetId,
-      List<IVariable> freeVariables, List<TypeParameter> freeTypeVars,
-      bool usesHeap, bool usesOldHeap, ISet<Label> usesHeapAt, Type thisType, Declaration currentDeclaration) {
+        List<IVariable> freeVariables, List<TypeParameter> freeTypeVars,
+        bool usesHeap, bool usesOldHeap, ISet<Label> usesHeapAt, Type thisType, Declaration currentDeclaration) {
         Tok = tok;
         LetId = uniqueLetId;
         FTVs = freeTypeVars;
@@ -203,23 +308,26 @@ public LetSuchThatExprInfo(IToken tok, int uniqueLetId,
         FV_Exprs = new List<Expression>();
         foreach (var v in FVs) {
           var idExpr = new IdentifierExpr(v.Tok, v.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator));
-          idExpr.Var = v; idExpr.Type = v.Type;  // resolve here
+          idExpr.Var = v;
+          idExpr.Type = v.Type; // resolve here
           FV_Exprs.Add(idExpr);
         }
+
         UsesHeap = usesHeap;
         UsesOldHeap = usesOldHeap;
         // we convert the set of heap-at variables to a list here, once and for all; the order itself is not material, what matters is that we always use the same order
         UsesHeapAt = new List<Label>(usesHeapAt);
         ThisType = thisType;
       }
+
       public LetSuchThatExprInfo(LetSuchThatExprInfo template, BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator,
-           Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> substMap,
-           Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> typeMap) {
+        Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> substMap,
+        Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> typeMap) {
         Contract.Requires(template != null);
         Contract.Requires(boogieGenerator != null);
         Contract.Requires(substMap != null);
         Tok = template.Tok;
-        LetId = template.LetId;  // reuse the ID, which ensures we get the same $let functions
+        LetId = template.LetId; // reuse the ID, which ensures we get the same $let functions
         FTVs = template.FTVs;
         FTV_Types = template.FTV_Types.ConvertAll(t => t.Subst(typeMap));
         FVs = template.FVs;
@@ -229,7 +337,9 @@ public LetSuchThatExprInfo(LetSuchThatExprInfo template, BoogieGenerator boogieG
         UsesHeapAt = template.UsesHeapAt;
         ThisType = template.ThisType;
       }
-      public Tuple<List<Expression>, List<Type>> SkolemFunctionArgs(BoundVar bv, BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+
+      public Tuple<List<Expression>, List<Type>> SkolemFunctionArgs(BoundVar bv, BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator,
+        ExpressionTranslator etran) {
         Contract.Requires(bv != null);
         Contract.Requires(boogieGenerator != null);
         Contract.Requires(etran != null);
@@ -239,13 +349,16 @@ public Tuple<List<Expression>, List<Type>> SkolemFunctionArgs(BoundVar bv, Boogi
           th.Type = ThisType;
           args.Add(th);
         }
+
         args.AddRange(FV_Exprs);
         return Tuple.Create(args, new List<Type>(FTV_Types));
       }
+
       public string SkolemFunctionName(BoundVar bv) {
         Contract.Requires(bv != null);
         return string.Format("$let#{0}_{1}", LetId, bv.Name);
       }
+
       public Bpl.Expr CanCallFunctionCall(BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
         Contract.Requires(boogieGenerator != null);
         Contract.Requires(etran != null);
@@ -254,30 +367,39 @@ public Bpl.Expr CanCallFunctionCall(BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, ExpressionT
         if (UsesHeap) {
           gExprs.Add(etran.HeapExpr);
         }
+
         if (UsesOldHeap) {
           gExprs.Add(etran.Old.HeapExpr);
         }
+
         foreach (var heapAtLabel in UsesHeapAt) {
           Bpl.Expr ve;
-          var bv = BplBoundVar("$Heap_at_" + heapAtLabel.AssignUniqueId(boogieGenerator.CurrentIdGenerator), boogieGenerator.predef.HeapType, out ve);
+          var bv = BplBoundVar("$Heap_at_" + heapAtLabel.AssignUniqueId(boogieGenerator.CurrentIdGenerator),
+            boogieGenerator.predef.HeapType, out ve);
           gExprs.Add(ve);
         }
+
         if (ThisType != null) {
           var th = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(Tok, etran.This);
           gExprs.Add(th);
         }
+
         foreach (var v in FV_Exprs) {
           gExprs.Add(etran.TrExpr(v));
         }
+
         return FunctionCall(Tok, CanCallFunctionName(), Bpl.Type.Bool, gExprs);
       }
+
       public string CanCallFunctionName() {
         return string.Format("$let#{0}$canCall", LetId);
       }
+
       public Bpl.Expr HeapExpr(BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, bool old) {
         Contract.Requires(boogieGenerator != null);
         return new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(Tok, old ? "$heap$old" : "$heap", boogieGenerator.predef.HeapType);
       }
+
       /// <summary>
       /// "wantFormals" means the returned list will consist of all in-parameters.
       /// "!wantFormals" means the returned list will consist of all bound variables.
@@ -285,7 +407,8 @@ public Bpl.Expr HeapExpr(BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, bool old) {
       /// the (0, 1, or 2) heap arguments, if there is a "this" parameter at all.
       /// Note, "typeAntecedents" is meaningfully filled only if "etran" is not null.
       /// </summary>
-      public List<Variable> GAsVars(BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, bool wantFormals, out Bpl.Expr typeAntecedents, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+      public List<Variable> GAsVars(BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, bool wantFormals, out Bpl.Expr typeAntecedents,
+        ExpressionTranslator etran) {
         Contract.Requires(boogieGenerator != null);
         var vv = new List<Variable>();
         // first, add the type variables
@@ -295,29 +418,36 @@ public List<Variable> GAsVars(BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, bool wantFormals,
           var nv = NewVar("$heap", boogieGenerator.predef.HeapType, wantFormals);
           vv.Add(nv);
           if (etran != null) {
-            var isGoodHeap = boogieGenerator.FunctionCall(Tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(Tok, nv));
+            var isGoodHeap = boogieGenerator.FunctionCall(Tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null,
+              new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(Tok, nv));
             typeAntecedents = BplAnd(typeAntecedents, isGoodHeap);
           }
         }
+
         if (UsesOldHeap) {
           var nv = NewVar("$heap$old", boogieGenerator.predef.HeapType, wantFormals);
           vv.Add(nv);
           if (etran != null) {
-            var isGoodHeap = boogieGenerator.FunctionCall(Tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(Tok, nv));
+            var isGoodHeap = boogieGenerator.FunctionCall(Tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null,
+              new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(Tok, nv));
             typeAntecedents = BplAnd(typeAntecedents, isGoodHeap);
           }
         }
+
         foreach (var heapAtLabel in UsesHeapAt) {
-          var nv = NewVar("$Heap_at_" + heapAtLabel.AssignUniqueId(boogieGenerator.CurrentIdGenerator), boogieGenerator.predef.HeapType, wantFormals);
+          var nv = NewVar("$Heap_at_" + heapAtLabel.AssignUniqueId(boogieGenerator.CurrentIdGenerator),
+            boogieGenerator.predef.HeapType, wantFormals);
           vv.Add(nv);
           if (etran != null) {
             // TODO: It's not clear to me that $IsGoodHeap predicates are needed for these axioms. (Same comment applies above for $heap$old.)
             // But $HeapSucc relations among the various heap variables appears not needed for either soundness or completeness, since the
             // let-such-that functions will always be invoked on arguments for which these properties are known.
-            var isGoodHeap = boogieGenerator.FunctionCall(Tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(Tok, nv));
+            var isGoodHeap = boogieGenerator.FunctionCall(Tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null,
+              new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(Tok, nv));
             typeAntecedents = BplAnd(typeAntecedents, isGoodHeap);
           }
         }
+
         if (ThisType != null) {
           var nv = NewVar("this", boogieGenerator.TrType(ThisType), wantFormals);
           vv.Add(nv);
@@ -330,6 +460,7 @@ public List<Variable> GAsVars(BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, bool wantFormals,
             }
           }
         }
+
         foreach (var v in FVs) {
           var nv = NewVar(v.Name, boogieGenerator.TrType(v.Type), wantFormals);
           vv.Add(nv);
@@ -340,8 +471,10 @@ public List<Variable> GAsVars(BoogieGenerator boogieGenerator, bool wantFormals,
             }
           }
         }
+
         return vv;
       }
+
       Bpl.Variable NewVar(string name, Bpl.Type type, bool wantFormal) {
         Contract.Requires(name != null);
         Contract.Requires(type != null);
@@ -352,7 +485,5 @@ Bpl.Variable NewVar(string name, Bpl.Type type, bool wantFormal) {
         }
       }
     }
-
-    Dictionary<LetExpr, LetSuchThatExprInfo> letSuchThatExprInfo = new Dictionary<LetExpr, LetSuchThatExprInfo>();
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Methods.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Methods.cs
index 8f03c2cbc5a..380f149ef57 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Methods.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Methods.cs
@@ -88,10 +88,10 @@ void AddClassMembers(TopLevelDeclWithMembers c, bool includeAllMethods, bool inc
       Add $Is and $IsAlloc for this class :
          axiom (forall p: ref, G: Ty ::
             { $Is(p, TClassA(G), h) }
-            $Is(p, TClassA(G), h) <=> (p == null || dtype(p) == TClassA(G));
+            $Is(p, TClassA(G), h) <==> (p == null || dtype(p) == TClassA(G));
          axiom (forall p: ref, h: Heap, G: Ty ::
             { $IsAlloc(p, TClassA(G), h) }
-            $IsAlloc(p, TClassA(G), h) => (p == null || h[p, alloc]);
+            $IsAlloc(p, TClassA(G), h) ==> (p == null || h[p, alloc]);
      */
     private void AddIsAndIsAllocForReferenceType(ClassLikeDecl c) {
       Contract.Requires(c.IsReferenceTypeDecl);
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ void AddFunction_Top(Function f, bool includeAllMethods) {
       AddClassMember_Function(f);
 
       if (InVerificationScope(f)) {
-        AddWellformednessCheck(f);
+        new FunctionWellformednessChecker(this).Check(f);
         if (f.OverriddenFunction != null) { //it means that f is overriding its associated parent function
           AddFunctionOverrideCheckImpl(f);
         }
@@ -193,13 +193,17 @@ void AddMethod_Top(Method m, bool isByMethod, bool includeAllMethods) {
       }
       // the method spec itself
       if (!isByMethod) {
-        sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(AddMethod(m, MethodTranslationKind.Call));
+        sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(AddMethod(m, MethodTranslationKind.CallPre));
+        sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(AddMethod(m, MethodTranslationKind.CallPost));
+
       }
       if (m is ExtremeLemma) {
         // Let the CoCall and Impl forms to use m.PrefixLemma signature and specification (and
         // note that m.PrefixLemma.Body == m.Body.
         m = ((ExtremeLemma)m).PrefixLemma;
-        sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(AddMethod(m, MethodTranslationKind.CoCall));
+        sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(AddMethod(m, MethodTranslationKind.CoCallPre));
+        sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(AddMethod(m, MethodTranslationKind.CoCallPost));
+
       }
       if (!m.HasVerifyFalseAttribute && m.Body != null && InVerificationScope(m)) {
         // ...and its implementation
@@ -522,7 +526,7 @@ private void AddClassMember_Function(Function f) {
       Reset();
     }
 
-    private void AddMethodImpl(Method m, Boogie.Procedure proc, bool wellformednessProc) {
+    private void AddMethodImpl(Method m, Bpl.Procedure proc, bool wellformednessProc) {
       Contract.Requires(m != null);
       Contract.Requires(proc != null);
       Contract.Requires(sink != null && predef != null);
@@ -538,8 +542,7 @@ private void AddMethodImpl(Method m, Boogie.Procedure proc, bool wellformednessP
       List<Variable> inParams = Boogie.Formal.StripWhereClauses(proc.InParams);
       List<Variable> outParams = Boogie.Formal.StripWhereClauses(proc.OutParams);
 
-      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-      var builderInitializationArea = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, new BodyTranslationContext(m.ContainsHide));
       builder.Add(new CommentCmd("AddMethodImpl: " + m + ", " + proc));
       var etran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, m.tok,
         m.IsByMethod ? m.FunctionFromWhichThisIsByMethodDecl : m);
@@ -548,7 +551,7 @@ private void AddMethodImpl(Method m, Boogie.Procedure proc, bool wellformednessP
       // Also don't do any reads checks if the reads clause is *,
       // since all the checks will be trivially true
       // and we don't need to cause additional verification cost for existing code.
-      if (!options.Get(CommonOptionBag.ReadsClausesOnMethods) || m.IsLemmaLike || m.Reads.Expressions.Exists(e => e.E is WildcardExpr)) {
+      if (!options.Get(Method.ReadsClausesOnMethods) || m.IsLemmaLike || m.Reads.Expressions.Exists(e => e.E is WildcardExpr)) {
         etran = etran.WithReadsFrame(null);
       }
       InitializeFuelConstant(m.tok, builder, etran);
@@ -565,228 +568,253 @@ private void AddMethodImpl(Method m, Boogie.Procedure proc, bool wellformednessP
         }
       }
 
-      Boogie.StmtList stmts;
-      if (!wellformednessProc) {
-        var inductionVars = ApplyInduction(m.Ins, m.Attributes);
-        if (inductionVars.Count != 0) {
-          // Let the parameters be this,x,y of the method M and suppose ApplyInduction returns this,y.
-          // Also, let Pre be the precondition and VF be the decreases clause.
-          // Then, insert into the method body what amounts to:
-          //     assume case-analysis-on-parameter[[ y' ]];
-          //     forall this',y' | Pre(this', x, y') && (VF(this', x, y') << VF(this', x, y)) {
-          //       this'.M(x, y');
-          //     }
-          // Generate bound variables for the forall statement, and a substitution for the Pre and VF
-
-          // assume case-analysis-on-parameter[[ y' ]];
-          foreach (var inFormal in m.Ins) {
-            var dt = inFormal.Type.AsDatatype;
-            if (dt != null) {
-              var funcID = new Boogie.FunctionCall(new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(inFormal.tok, "$IsA#" + dt.FullSanitizedName, Boogie.Type.Bool));
-              var f = new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(inFormal.tok, inFormal.AssignUniqueName(m.IdGenerator), TrType(inFormal.Type));
-              builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(inFormal.tok, new Boogie.NAryExpr(inFormal.tok, funcID, new List<Boogie.Expr> { f })));
-            }
-          }
-
-          var parBoundVars = new List<BoundVar>();
-          var parBounds = new List<BoundedPool>();
-          var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-          Expression receiverSubst = null;
-          foreach (var iv in inductionVars) {
-            BoundVar bv;
-            if (iv == null) {
-              // this corresponds to "this"
-              Contract.Assert(!m.IsStatic);  // if "m" is static, "this" should never have gone into the _induction attribute
-              Contract.Assert(receiverSubst == null);  // we expect at most one
-              var receiverType = ModuleResolver.GetThisType(m.tok, (TopLevelDeclWithMembers)m.EnclosingClass);
-              bv = new BoundVar(m.tok, CurrentIdGenerator.FreshId("$ih#this"), receiverType); // use this temporary variable counter, but for a Dafny name (the idea being that the number and the initial "_" in the name might avoid name conflicts)
-              var ie = new IdentifierExpr(m.tok, bv.Name) {
-                Var = bv,
-                Type = bv.Type
-              };
-              receiverSubst = ie;
-            } else {
-              CloneVariableAsBoundVar(iv.tok, iv, "$ih#" + iv.Name, out bv, out var ie);
-              substMap.Add(iv, ie);
-            }
-            parBoundVars.Add(bv);
-            parBounds.Add(new SpecialAllocIndependenceAllocatedBoundedPool());  // record that we don't want alloc antecedents for these variables
-          }
+      var stmts = wellformednessProc
+        ? TrMethodContractWellformednessCheck(m, etran, localVariables, builder, outParams)
+        : TrMethodBody(m, builder, localVariables, etran);
 
-          // Generate a CallStmt to be used as the body of the 'forall' statement.
-          m.RecursiveCallParameters(m.tok, m.TypeArgs, m.Ins, receiverSubst, substMap, out var recursiveCallReceiver, out var recursiveCallArgs);
-          var methodSel = new MemberSelectExpr(m.tok, recursiveCallReceiver, m.Name) {
-            Member = m,
-            TypeApplication_AtEnclosingClass = m.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp.tok, tp)),
-            TypeApplication_JustMember = m.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp.tok, tp)),
-            Type = new InferredTypeProxy()
-          };
-          var recursiveCall = new CallStmt(m.tok.ToRange(), new List<Expression>(), methodSel, recursiveCallArgs) {
-            IsGhost = m.IsGhost
-          };
-
-          Expression parRange = Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(m.tok, true);
-          foreach (var pre in m.Req) {
-            parRange = Expression.CreateAnd(parRange, Substitute(pre.E, receiverSubst, substMap));
-          }
-          // construct an expression (generator) for:  VF' << VF
-          ExpressionConverter decrCheck = delegate (Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> decrSubstMap, ExpressionTranslator exprTran) {
-            var decrToks = new List<IToken>();
-            var decrTypes = new List<Type>();
-            var decrCallee = new List<Expr>();
-            var decrCaller = new List<Expr>();
-            foreach (var ee in m.Decreases.Expressions) {
-              decrToks.Add(ee.tok);
-              decrTypes.Add(ee.Type.NormalizeExpand());
-              decrCaller.Add(exprTran.TrExpr(ee));
-              Expression es = Substitute(ee, receiverSubst, substMap);
-              es = Substitute(es, null, decrSubstMap);
-              decrCallee.Add(exprTran.TrExpr(es));
-            }
-            return DecreasesCheck(decrToks, decrTypes, decrTypes, decrCallee, decrCaller, null, null, false, true);
-          };
+      if (EmitImplementation(m.Attributes)) {
+        // emit impl only when there are proof obligations.
+        QKeyValue kv = etran.TrAttributes(m.Attributes, null);
+        var impl = AddImplementationWithAttributes(GetToken(m), proc,
+           inParams, outParams, localVariables, stmts, kv);
 
-#if VERIFY_CORRECTNESS_OF_TRANSLATION_FORALL_STATEMENT_RANGE
-          var definedness = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-          var exporter = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-          TrForallStmtCall(m.tok, parBoundVars, parRange, decrCheck, null, recursiveCall, definedness, exporter, localVariables, etran);
-          // All done, so put the two pieces together
-          builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(m.tok, null, definedness.Collect(m.tok), null, exporter.Collect(m.tok)));
-#else
-          TrForallStmtCall(m.tok, parBoundVars, parBounds, parRange, decrCheck, null, recursiveCall, null, builder, localVariables, etran);
-#endif
-        }
-        // translate the body of the method
-        Contract.Assert(m.Body != null);  // follows from method precondition and the if guard
-
-        // $_reverifyPost := false;
-        builder.Add(Boogie.Cmd.SimpleAssign(m.tok, new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(m.tok, "$_reverifyPost", Boogie.Type.Bool), Boogie.Expr.False));
-        // register output parameters with definite-assignment trackers
-        Contract.Assert(definiteAssignmentTrackers.Count == 0);
-        m.Outs.ForEach(p => AddExistingDefiniteAssignmentTracker(p, m.IsGhost));
-        // translate the body
-        TrStmt(m.Body, builder, localVariables, etran);
-        m.Outs.ForEach(p => CheckDefiniteAssignmentReturn(m.Body.RangeToken.EndToken, p, builder));
-        if (m is { FunctionFromWhichThisIsByMethodDecl: { ByMethodTok: { } } fun }) {
-          AssumeCanCallForByMethodDecl(m, builder);
+        if (InsertChecksums) {
+          InsertChecksum(m, impl);
         }
-        stmts = builder.Collect(m.Body.RangeToken.StartToken); // TODO should this be EndToken?  the parameter name suggests it should be the closing curly
-        // tear down definite-assignment trackers
-        m.Outs.ForEach(RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTracker);
+      }
 
-        Contract.Assert(definiteAssignmentTrackers.Count == 0);
-      } else {
-        var readsCheckDelayer = new ReadsCheckDelayer(etran, null, localVariables, builderInitializationArea, builder);
+      isAllocContext = null;
+      Reset();
+    }
 
-        // check well-formedness of any default-value expressions (before assuming preconditions)
-        readsCheckDelayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(true, wfo => {
-          foreach (var formal in m.Ins.Where(formal => formal.DefaultValue != null)) {
-            var e = formal.DefaultValue;
-            CheckWellformed(e, wfo, localVariables, builder, etran.WithReadsFrame(etran.readsFrame, null)); // No scope for default parameters
-            builder.Add(new Boogie.AssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(e)));
-            CheckSubrange(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, formal.Type, builder);
+    private StmtList TrMethodContractWellformednessCheck(Method m, ExpressionTranslator etran, List<Variable> localVariables,
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> outParams) {
+      var builderInitializationArea = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+      StmtList stmts;
+      var readsCheckDelayer = new ReadsCheckDelayer(etran, null, localVariables, builderInitializationArea, builder);
 
-            if (formal.IsOld) {
-              Boogie.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, etran.Old, ISALLOC, true);
-              if (wh != null) {
-                var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("default value", "in the two-state lemma's previous state");
-                builder.Add(Assert(e.RangeToken, wh, desc));
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        });
+      // check well-formedness of any default-value expressions (before assuming preconditions)
+      readsCheckDelayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(true, wfo => {
+        foreach (var formal in m.Ins.Where(formal => formal.DefaultValue != null)) {
+          var e = formal.DefaultValue;
+          CheckWellformed(e, wfo, localVariables, builder, etran.WithReadsFrame(etran.readsFrame, null)); // No scope for default parameters
+          builder.Add(new Boogie.AssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(e)));
+          CheckSubrange(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, formal.Type, e, builder);
 
-        // check well-formedness of the preconditions, and then assume each one of them
-        readsCheckDelayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
-          foreach (AttributedExpression p in m.Req) {
-            CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, wfo, localVariables, builder, etran, "method requires clause");
-          }
-        });
-
-        // check well-formedness of the reads clauses
-        readsCheckDelayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
-          CheckFrameWellFormed(wfo, m.Reads.Expressions, localVariables, builder, etran);
-        });
-        // Also check that the reads clause == {} if the {:concurrent} attribute is present
-        // on the method, and {:assume_concurrent} is NOT present on the reads clause.
-        if (Attributes.Contains(m.Attributes, Attributes.ConcurrentAttributeName) &&
-            !Attributes.Contains(m.Reads.Attributes, Attributes.AssumeConcurrentAttributeName)) {
-          var desc = new PODesc.ConcurrentFrameEmpty("reads clause");
-          if (etran.readsFrame != null) {
-            CheckFrameEmpty(m.tok, etran, etran.ReadsFrame(m.tok), builder, desc, null);
-          } else {
-            // etran.readsFrame being null indicates the default of reads *,
-            // so this is an automatic failure.
-            builder.Add(Assert(m.tok, Expr.False, desc));
+          if (formal.IsOld) {
+            Boogie.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, etran.Old, ISALLOC, true);
+            if (wh != null) {
+              var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("default value", "in the two-state lemma's previous state", e);
+              builder.Add(Assert(e.RangeToken, wh, desc));
+            }
           }
         }
+      });
 
-        // check well-formedness of the modifies clauses
-        readsCheckDelayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
-          CheckFrameWellFormed(wfo, m.Mod.Expressions, localVariables, builder, etran);
-        });
-        // Also check that the modifies clause == {} if the {:concurrent} attribute is present,
-        // and {:assume_concurrent} is NOT present on the modifies clause.
-        if (Attributes.Contains(m.Attributes, Attributes.ConcurrentAttributeName) &&
-            !Attributes.Contains(m.Mod.Attributes, Attributes.AssumeConcurrentAttributeName)) {
-          var desc = new PODesc.ConcurrentFrameEmpty("modifies clause");
-          CheckFrameEmpty(m.tok, etran, etran.ModifiesFrame(m.tok), builder, desc, null);
+      // check well-formedness of the preconditions, and then assume each one of them
+      readsCheckDelayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
+        foreach (AttributedExpression p in m.Req) {
+          CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, wfo, localVariables, builder, etran, "method requires clause");
         }
+      });
 
-        // check well-formedness of the decreases clauses
-        foreach (Expression p in m.Decreases.Expressions) {
-          CheckWellformed(p, new WFOptions(), localVariables, builder, etran);
+      // check well-formedness of the reads clauses
+      readsCheckDelayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
+        CheckFrameWellFormed(wfo, m.Reads.Expressions, localVariables, builder, etran);
+      });
+      // Also check that the reads clause == {} if the {:concurrent} attribute is present
+      // on the method, and {:assume_concurrent} is NOT present on the reads clause.
+      if (Attributes.Contains(m.Attributes, Attributes.ConcurrentAttributeName) &&
+          !Attributes.Contains(m.Reads.Attributes, Attributes.AssumeConcurrentAttributeName)) {
+        var desc = new PODesc.ConcurrentFrameEmpty(m, "reads");
+        if (etran.readsFrame != null) {
+          CheckFrameEmpty(m.tok, etran, etran.ReadsFrame(m.tok), builder, desc, null);
+        } else {
+          // etran.readsFrame being null indicates the default of reads *,
+          // so this is an automatic failure.
+          builder.Add(Assert(m.tok, Expr.False, desc));
         }
+      }
 
-        if (!(m is TwoStateLemma)) {
-          // play havoc with the heap according to the modifies clause
-          builder.Add(new Boogie.HavocCmd(m.tok, new List<Boogie.IdentifierExpr> { etran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr }));
-          // assume the usual two-state boilerplate information
-          foreach (BoilerplateTriple tri in GetTwoStateBoilerplate(m.tok, m.Mod.Expressions, m.IsGhost, m.AllowsAllocation, etran.Old, etran, etran.Old)) {
-            if (tri.IsFree) {
-              builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(m.tok, tri.Expr));
-            }
-          }
-        }
+      // check well-formedness of the modifies clauses
+      readsCheckDelayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
+        CheckFrameWellFormed(wfo, m.Mod.Expressions, localVariables, builder, etran);
+      });
+      // Also check that the modifies clause == {} if the {:concurrent} attribute is present,
+      // and {:assume_concurrent} is NOT present on the modifies clause.
+      if (Attributes.Contains(m.Attributes, Attributes.ConcurrentAttributeName) &&
+          !Attributes.Contains(m.Mod.Attributes, Attributes.AssumeConcurrentAttributeName)) {
+        var desc = new PODesc.ConcurrentFrameEmpty(m, "modifies");
+        CheckFrameEmpty(m.tok, etran, etran.ModifiesFrame(m.tok), builder, desc, null);
+      }
 
-        // also play havoc with the out parameters
-        if (outParams.Count != 0) {  // don't create an empty havoc statement
-          List<Boogie.IdentifierExpr> outH = new List<Boogie.IdentifierExpr>();
-          foreach (Boogie.Variable b in outParams) {
-            Contract.Assert(b != null);
-            outH.Add(new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(b.tok, b));
-          }
-          builder.Add(new Boogie.HavocCmd(m.tok, outH));
-        }
-        // mark the end of the modifles/out-parameter havocking with a CaptureState; make its location be the first ensures clause, if any (and just
-        // omit the CaptureState if there's no ensures clause)
-        if (m.Ens.Count != 0) {
-          builder.AddCaptureState(m.Ens[0].E.tok, false, "post-state");
-        }
+      // check well-formedness of the decreases clauses
+      var wfOptions = new WFOptions();
+      foreach (Expression p in m.Decreases.Expressions) {
+        CheckWellformed(p, wfOptions, localVariables, builder, etran);
+      }
+
+      if (!(m is TwoStateLemma)) {
+        var modifies = m.Mod;
+        var allowsAllocation = m.AllowsAllocation;
+
+        ApplyModifiesEffect(m, etran, builder, modifies, allowsAllocation, m.IsGhost);
+      }
 
-        // check wellformedness of postconditions
-        foreach (AttributedExpression p in m.Ens) {
-          CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, new WFOptions(), localVariables, builder, etran, "method ensures clause");
+      // also play havoc with the out parameters
+      if (outParams.Count != 0) {  // don't create an empty havoc statement
+        List<Boogie.IdentifierExpr> outH = new List<Boogie.IdentifierExpr>();
+        foreach (Boogie.Variable b in outParams) {
+          Contract.Assert(b != null);
+          outH.Add(new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(b.tok, b));
         }
+        builder.Add(new Boogie.HavocCmd(m.tok, outH));
+      }
+      // mark the end of the modifles/out-parameter havocking with a CaptureState; make its location be the first ensures clause, if any (and just
+      // omit the CaptureState if there's no ensures clause)
+      if (m.Ens.Count != 0) {
+        builder.AddCaptureState(m.Ens[0].E.tok, false, "post-state");
+      }
 
-        var s0 = builderInitializationArea.Collect(m.tok);
-        var s1 = builder.Collect(m.tok);
-        stmts = new StmtList(new List<BigBlock>(s0.BigBlocks.Concat(s1.BigBlocks)), m.tok);
+      // check wellformedness of postconditions
+      foreach (AttributedExpression p in m.Ens) {
+        CheckWellformedAndAssume(p.E, wfOptions, localVariables, builder, etran, "method ensures clause");
       }
 
-      if (EmitImplementation(m.Attributes)) {
-        // emit impl only when there are proof obligations.
-        QKeyValue kv = etran.TrAttributes(m.Attributes, null);
-        Boogie.Implementation impl = AddImplementationWithAttributes(GetToken(m), proc,
-           inParams, outParams, localVariables, stmts, kv);
+      var s0 = builderInitializationArea.Collect(m.tok);
+      var s1 = builder.Collect(m.tok);
+      stmts = new StmtList(new List<BigBlock>(s0.BigBlocks.Concat(s1.BigBlocks)), m.tok);
+      return stmts;
+    }
 
-        if (InsertChecksums) {
-          InsertChecksum(m, impl);
+    public void ApplyModifiesEffect(INode node, ExpressionTranslator etran, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder,
+      Specification<FrameExpression> modifies, bool allowsAllocation, bool isGhostContext) {
+      // play havoc with the heap according to the modifies clause
+      builder.Add(new Boogie.HavocCmd(node.Tok, new List<Boogie.IdentifierExpr> { etran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr }));
+      // assume the usual two-state boilerplate information
+      foreach (BoilerplateTriple tri in GetTwoStateBoilerplate(node.Tok, modifies.Expressions, isGhostContext, allowsAllocation, etran.Old, etran, etran.Old)) {
+        if (tri.IsFree) {
+          builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(node.Tok, tri.Expr));
         }
       }
+    }
 
-      isAllocContext = null;
-      Reset();
+    private StmtList TrMethodBody(Method m, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> localVariables,
+      ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+      var inductionVars = ApplyInduction(m.Ins, m.Attributes);
+      if (inductionVars.Count != 0) {
+        // Let the parameters be this,x,y of the method M and suppose ApplyInduction returns this,y.
+        // Also, let Pre be the precondition and VF be the decreases clause.
+        // Then, insert into the method body what amounts to:
+        //     assume case-analysis-on-parameter[[ y' ]];
+        //     forall this',y' | Pre(this', x, y') && (VF(this', x, y') << VF(this', x, y)) {
+        //       this'.M(x, y');
+        //     }
+        // Generate bound variables for the forall statement, and a substitution for the Pre and VF
+
+        // assume case-analysis-on-parameter[[ y' ]];
+        foreach (var inFormal in m.Ins) {
+          var dt = inFormal.Type.AsDatatype;
+          if (dt != null) {
+            var funcID = new Boogie.FunctionCall(new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(inFormal.tok, "$IsA#" + dt.FullSanitizedName, Boogie.Type.Bool));
+            var f = new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(inFormal.tok, inFormal.AssignUniqueName(m.IdGenerator), TrType(inFormal.Type));
+            builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(inFormal.tok, new Boogie.NAryExpr(inFormal.tok, funcID, new List<Boogie.Expr> { f })));
+          }
+        }
+
+        var parBoundVars = new List<BoundVar>();
+        var parBounds = new List<BoundedPool>();
+        var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
+        Expression receiverSubst = null;
+        foreach (var iv in inductionVars) {
+          BoundVar bv;
+          if (iv == null) {
+            // this corresponds to "this"
+            Contract.Assert(!m.IsStatic);  // if "m" is static, "this" should never have gone into the _induction attribute
+            Contract.Assert(receiverSubst == null);  // we expect at most one
+            var receiverType = ModuleResolver.GetThisType(m.tok, (TopLevelDeclWithMembers)m.EnclosingClass);
+            bv = new BoundVar(m.tok, CurrentIdGenerator.FreshId("$ih#this"), receiverType); // use this temporary variable counter, but for a Dafny name (the idea being that the number and the initial "_" in the name might avoid name conflicts)
+            var ie = new IdentifierExpr(m.tok, bv.Name) {
+              Var = bv,
+              Type = bv.Type
+            };
+            receiverSubst = ie;
+          } else {
+            CloneVariableAsBoundVar(iv.tok, iv, "$ih#" + iv.Name, out bv, out var ie);
+            substMap.Add(iv, ie);
+          }
+          parBoundVars.Add(bv);
+          parBounds.Add(new SpecialAllocIndependenceAllocatedBoundedPool());  // record that we don't want alloc antecedents for these variables
+        }
+
+        // Generate a CallStmt to be used as the body of the 'forall' statement.
+        m.RecursiveCallParameters(m.tok, m.TypeArgs, m.Ins, receiverSubst, substMap, out var recursiveCallReceiver, out var recursiveCallArgs);
+        var methodSel = new MemberSelectExpr(m.tok, recursiveCallReceiver, m.Name) {
+          Member = m,
+          TypeApplicationAtEnclosingClass = m.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp.tok, tp)),
+          TypeApplicationJustMember = m.TypeArgs.ConvertAll(tp => (Type)new UserDefinedType(tp.tok, tp)),
+          Type = new InferredTypeProxy()
+        };
+        var recursiveCall = new CallStmt(m.tok.ToRange(), new List<Expression>(), methodSel, recursiveCallArgs) {
+          IsGhost = m.IsGhost
+        };
+
+        Expression parRange = Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(m.tok, true);
+        foreach (var pre in m.Req) {
+          parRange = Expression.CreateAnd(parRange, Substitute(pre.E, receiverSubst, substMap));
+        }
+        // construct an expression (generator) for:  VF' << VF
+        ExpressionConverter decrCheck = delegate (Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> decrSubstMap, ExpressionTranslator exprTran) {
+          var decrToks = new List<IToken>();
+          var decrTypes = new List<Type>();
+          var decrCallee = new List<Expr>();
+          var decrCaller = new List<Expr>();
+          var decrCalleeDafny = new List<Expression>();
+          var decrCallerDafny = new List<Expression>();
+          foreach (var ee in m.Decreases.Expressions) {
+            decrToks.Add(ee.tok);
+            decrTypes.Add(ee.Type.NormalizeExpand());
+            decrCallerDafny.Add(ee);
+            decrCaller.Add(exprTran.TrExpr(ee));
+            Expression es = Substitute(ee, receiverSubst, substMap);
+            es = Substitute(es, null, decrSubstMap);
+            decrCalleeDafny.Add(es);
+            decrCallee.Add(exprTran.TrExpr(es));
+          }
+          return DecreasesCheck(decrToks, null, decrCalleeDafny, decrCallerDafny, decrCallee, decrCaller,
+            null, null, false, true);
+        };
+
+#if VERIFY_CORRECTNESS_OF_TRANSLATION_FORALL_STATEMENT_RANGE
+          var definedness = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+          var exporter = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+          TrForallStmtCall(m.tok, parBoundVars, parRange, decrCheck, null, recursiveCall, definedness, exporter, localVariables, etran);
+          // All done, so put the two pieces together
+          builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(m.tok, null, definedness.Collect(m.tok), null, exporter.Collect(m.tok)));
+#else
+        TrForallStmtCall(m.tok, parBoundVars, parBounds, parRange, decrCheck, null, recursiveCall, null, builder, localVariables, etran);
+#endif
+      }
+      // translate the body of the method
+      Contract.Assert(m.Body != null);  // follows from method precondition and the if guard
+
+      // $_reverifyPost := false;
+      builder.Add(Boogie.Cmd.SimpleAssign(m.tok, new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(m.tok, "$_reverifyPost", Boogie.Type.Bool), Boogie.Expr.False));
+      // register output parameters with definite-assignment trackers
+      Contract.Assert(DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Count == 0);
+      m.Outs.ForEach(p => AddExistingDefiniteAssignmentTracker(p, m.IsGhost));
+      // translate the body
+      TrStmt(m.Body, builder, localVariables, etran);
+      m.Outs.ForEach(p => CheckDefiniteAssignmentReturn(m.Body.RangeToken.EndToken, p, builder));
+      if (m is { FunctionFromWhichThisIsByMethodDecl: { ByMethodTok: { } } fun }) {
+        AssumeCanCallForByMethodDecl(m, builder);
+      }
+      var stmts = builder.Collect(m.Body.RangeToken.StartToken); // EndToken might make more sense, but it requires updating most of the regression tests.
+      // tear down definite-assignment trackers
+      m.Outs.ForEach(RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTracker);
+
+      Contract.Assert(DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Count == 0);
+      return stmts;
     }
 
     private void AddMethodOverrideCheckImpl(Method m, Boogie.Procedure proc) {
@@ -808,7 +836,7 @@ private void AddMethodOverrideCheckImpl(Method m, Boogie.Procedure proc) {
       List<Variable> inParams = Boogie.Formal.StripWhereClauses(proc.InParams);
       List<Variable> outParams = Boogie.Formal.StripWhereClauses(proc.OutParams);
 
-      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, new BodyTranslationContext(false));
       var etran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, m.tok, m);
       var localVariables = new List<Variable>();
       InitializeFuelConstant(m.tok, builder, etran);
@@ -894,7 +922,7 @@ private void AddFunctionOverrideCheckImpl(Function f) {
       Contract.Requires(f.EnclosingClass is TopLevelDeclWithMembers);
       Contract.Requires(sink != null && predef != null);
       Contract.Requires(f.OverriddenFunction != null);
-      Contract.Requires(f.Formals.Count == f.OverriddenFunction.Formals.Count);
+      Contract.Requires(f.Ins.Count == f.OverriddenFunction.Ins.Count);
       Contract.Requires(currentModule == null && codeContext == null && _tmpIEs.Count == 0 && isAllocContext != null);
       Contract.Ensures(currentModule == null && codeContext == null && _tmpIEs.Count == 0 && isAllocContext != null);
 
@@ -936,7 +964,7 @@ private void AddFunctionOverrideCheckImpl(Function f) {
         Boogie.Formal thVar = new Boogie.Formal(f.tok, new Boogie.TypedIdent(f.tok, "this", TrReceiverType(f), wh), true);
         inParams.Add(thVar);
       }
-      foreach (Formal p in f.Formals) {
+      foreach (Formal p in f.Ins) {
         Boogie.Type varType = TrType(p.Type);
         Boogie.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(p.tok, new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), varType), p.Type, etran, NOALLOC);
         inParams.Add(new Boogie.Formal(p.tok, new Boogie.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), varType, wh), true));
@@ -959,14 +987,18 @@ private void AddFunctionOverrideCheckImpl(Function f) {
       // the procedure itself
       var req = new List<Boogie.Requires>();
       // free requires fh == FunctionContextHeight;
-      req.Add(Requires(f.tok, true, etran.HeightContext(f), null, null, null));
+      req.Add(Requires(f.tok, true, null, etran.HeightContext(f), null, null, null));
       if (f is TwoStateFunction) {
         // free requires prevHeap == Heap && HeapSucc(prevHeap, currHeap) && IsHeap(currHeap)
         var a0 = Boogie.Expr.Eq(prevHeap, ordinaryEtran.HeapExpr);
         var a1 = HeapSucc(prevHeap, currHeap);
         var a2 = FunctionCall(f.tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, currHeap);
-        req.Add(Requires(f.tok, true, BplAnd(a0, BplAnd(a1, a2)), null, null, null));
+        req.Add(Requires(f.tok, true, null, BplAnd(a0, BplAnd(a1, a2)), null, null, null));
+      }
+      foreach (var typeBoundAxiom in TypeBoundAxioms(f.tok, Concat(f.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs, f.TypeArgs))) {
+        req.Add(Requires(f.tok, true, null, typeBoundAxiom, null, null, null));
       }
+
       // modifies $Heap
       var mod = new List<Boogie.IdentifierExpr> {
         ordinaryEtran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr,
@@ -986,7 +1018,7 @@ private void AddFunctionOverrideCheckImpl(Function f) {
 
       //List<Variable> outParams = Bpl.Formal.StripWhereClauses(proc.OutParams);
 
-      BoogieStmtListBuilder builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, new BodyTranslationContext(false));
       List<Variable> localVariables = new List<Variable>();
 
       InitializeFuelConstant(f.tok, builder, etran);
@@ -1002,7 +1034,7 @@ private void AddFunctionOverrideCheckImpl(Function f) {
       }
 
       var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-      foreach (var (formal, overriddenFormal) in f.Formals.Zip(f.OverriddenFunction.Formals, Tuple.Create)) {
+      foreach (var (formal, overriddenFormal) in f.Ins.Zip(f.OverriddenFunction.Ins, Tuple.Create)) {
         // get corresponding formal in the class
         var ie = new IdentifierExpr(formal.tok, formal.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator)) { Var = formal, Type = formal.Type };
         substMap.Add(overriddenFormal, ie);
@@ -1053,7 +1085,7 @@ private void AddFunctionOverrideEnsChk(Function f, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder
       Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> typeMap,
       List<Bpl.Variable> implInParams,
       Bpl.Variable/*?*/ resultVariable) {
-      Contract.Requires(f.Formals.Count <= implInParams.Count);
+      Contract.Requires(f.Ins.Count <= implInParams.Count);
 
       //generating class post-conditions
       foreach (var en in f.Ens) {
@@ -1092,12 +1124,20 @@ private void AddFunctionOverrideEnsChk(Function f, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder
         builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(f.tok, Bpl.Expr.Eq(funcExpC, resultVar)));
       }
 
+      // conjunction of class post-conditions
+      var allOverrideEns = f.Ens.Count == 0 ? null : f.Ens
+        .Select(e => e.E)
+        .Aggregate((e0, e1) => new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And, e0, e1));
       //generating trait post-conditions with class variables
       FunctionCallSubstituter sub = null;
       foreach (var en in f.OverriddenFunction.Ens) {
         sub ??= new FunctionCallSubstituter(substMap, typeMap, (TraitDecl)f.OverriddenFunction.EnclosingClass, (TopLevelDeclWithMembers)f.EnclosingClass);
-        foreach (var s in TrSplitExpr(sub.Substitute(en.E), etran, false, out _).Where(s => s.IsChecked)) {
-          builder.Add(Assert(f.tok, s.E, new PODesc.FunctionContractOverride(true)));
+        var subEn = sub.Substitute(en.E);
+        foreach (var s in TrSplitExpr(new BodyTranslationContext(false), sub.Substitute(en.E), etran, false, out _).Where(s => s.IsChecked)) {
+          var constraint = allOverrideEns == null
+            ? null
+            : new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Imp, allOverrideEns, subEn);
+          builder.Add(Assert(f.tok, s.E, new PODesc.FunctionContractOverride(true, constraint)));
         }
       }
     }
@@ -1169,7 +1209,7 @@ private void AddFunctionOverrideSubsetChk(Function func, BoogieStmtListBuilder b
       Bpl.Expr consequent2 = InRWClause(tok, o, f, traitFrameExps, etran, null, null);
       Bpl.Expr q = new Bpl.ForallExpr(tok, new List<TypeVariable>(), new List<Variable> { oVar, fVar },
                                       BplImp(BplAnd(ante, oInCallee), consequent2));
-      builder.Add(Assert(tok, q, new PODesc.TraitFrame(func.WhatKind, false), kv));
+      builder.Add(Assert(tok, q, new PODesc.TraitFrame(func.WhatKind, false, func.Reads.Expressions, traitFrameExps), kv));
     }
 
     private void AddFunctionOverrideReqsChk(Function f, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran,
@@ -1181,13 +1221,23 @@ private void AddFunctionOverrideReqsChk(Function f, BoogieStmtListBuilder builde
       Contract.Requires(substMap != null);
       //generating trait pre-conditions with class variables
       FunctionCallSubstituter sub = null;
+      var subReqs = new List<Expression>();
       foreach (var req in f.OverriddenFunction.Req) {
         sub ??= new FunctionCallSubstituter(substMap, typeMap, (TraitDecl)f.OverriddenFunction.EnclosingClass, (TopLevelDeclWithMembers)f.EnclosingClass);
-        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, f.tok, sub.Substitute(req.E), "overridden function requires clause"));
+        var subReq = sub.Substitute(req.E);
+        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, f.tok, subReq, "overridden function requires clause"));
+        subReqs.Add(subReq);
       }
+      var allTraitReqs = subReqs.Count == 0 ? null : subReqs
+        .Aggregate((e0, e1) => new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And, e0, e1));
       //generating class pre-conditions
-      foreach (var s in f.Req.SelectMany(req => TrSplitExpr(req.E, etran, false, out _).Where(s => s.IsChecked))) {
-        builder.Add(Assert(f.tok, s.E, new PODesc.FunctionContractOverride(false)));
+      foreach (var req in f.Req) {
+        foreach (var s in TrSplitExpr(new BodyTranslationContext(false), req.E, etran, false, out _).Where(s => s.IsChecked)) {
+          var constraint = allTraitReqs == null
+            ? null
+            : new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Imp, allTraitReqs, req.E);
+          builder.Add(Assert(f.tok, s.E, new PODesc.FunctionContractOverride(false, constraint)));
+        }
       }
     }
 
@@ -1301,7 +1351,7 @@ private Boogie.Axiom FunctionOverrideAxiom(Function f, Function overridingFuncti
 
       // Add other arguments
       var typeMap = GetTypeArgumentSubstitutionMap(f, overridingFunction);
-      foreach (Formal p in f.Formals) {
+      foreach (Formal p in f.Ins) {
         var pType = p.Type.Subst(typeMap);
         var bv = new Boogie.BoundVariable(p.tok, new Boogie.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), TrType(pType)));
         forallFormals.Add(bv);
@@ -1421,12 +1471,20 @@ private void AddMethodOverrideEnsChk(Method m, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, Ex
       foreach (var en in m.Ens) {
         builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, m.tok, en.E, "overridden ensures clause"));
       }
+      // conjunction of class post-conditions
+      var allOverrideEns = m.Ens.Count == 0 ? null : m.Ens
+        .Select(e => e.E)
+        .Aggregate((e0, e1) => new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And, e0, e1));
       //generating trait post-conditions with class variables
       FunctionCallSubstituter sub = null;
       foreach (var en in m.OverriddenMethod.Ens) {
         sub ??= new FunctionCallSubstituter(substMap, typeMap, (TraitDecl)m.OverriddenMethod.EnclosingClass, (TopLevelDeclWithMembers)m.EnclosingClass);
-        foreach (var s in TrSplitExpr(sub.Substitute(en.E), etran, false, out _).Where(s => s.IsChecked)) {
-          builder.Add(Assert(m.RangeToken, s.E, new PODesc.EnsuresStronger()));
+        var subEn = sub.Substitute(en.E);
+        foreach (var s in TrSplitExpr(new BodyTranslationContext(false), subEn, etran, false, out _).Where(s => s.IsChecked)) {
+          var constraint = allOverrideEns == null
+            ? null
+            : new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Imp, allOverrideEns, subEn);
+          builder.Add(Assert(m.RangeToken, s.E, new PODesc.EnsuresStronger(constraint)));
         }
       }
     }
@@ -1440,13 +1498,23 @@ private void AddMethodOverrideReqsChk(Method m, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, E
       Contract.Requires(substMap != null);
       //generating trait pre-conditions with class variables
       FunctionCallSubstituter sub = null;
+      var subReqs = new List<Expression>();
       foreach (var req in m.OverriddenMethod.Req) {
         sub ??= new FunctionCallSubstituter(substMap, typeMap, (TraitDecl)m.OverriddenMethod.EnclosingClass, (TopLevelDeclWithMembers)m.EnclosingClass);
-        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, m.tok, sub.Substitute(req.E), "overridden requires clause"));
+        var subReq = sub.Substitute(req.E);
+        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, m.tok, subReq, "overridden requires clause"));
+        subReqs.Add(subReq);
       }
+      var allTraitReqs = subReqs.Count == 0 ? null : subReqs
+        .Aggregate((e0, e1) => new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And, e0, e1));
       //generating class pre-conditions
-      foreach (var s in m.Req.SelectMany(req => TrSplitExpr(req.E, etran, false, out _).Where(s => s.IsChecked))) {
-        builder.Add(Assert(m.RangeToken, s.E, new PODesc.RequiresWeaker()));
+      foreach (var req in m.Req) {
+        foreach (var s in TrSplitExpr(new BodyTranslationContext(false), req.E, etran, false, out _).Where(s => s.IsChecked)) {
+          var constraint = allTraitReqs == null
+            ? null
+            : new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Imp, allTraitReqs, req.E);
+          builder.Add(Assert(m.RangeToken, s.E, new PODesc.RequiresWeaker(constraint)));
+        }
       }
     }
 
@@ -1472,23 +1540,22 @@ private void AddOverrideTerminationChk(ICallable original, ICallable overryd, Bo
 
       int N = Math.Min(contextDecreases.Count, calleeDecreases.Count);
       var toks = new List<IToken>();
-      var types0 = new List<Type>();
-      var types1 = new List<Type>();
       var callee = new List<Expr>();
       var caller = new List<Expr>();
-      FunctionCallSubstituter sub = null;
+      var calleeDafny = new List<Expression>();
+      var callerDafny = new List<Expression>();
+      FunctionCallSubstituter sub = new FunctionCallSubstituter(substMap, typeMap, T, I);
 
       for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
         Expression e0 = calleeDecreases[i];
-        sub ??= new FunctionCallSubstituter(substMap, typeMap, T, I);
         Expression e1 = sub.Substitute(contextDecreases[i]);
         if (!CompatibleDecreasesTypes(e0.Type, e1.Type)) {
           N = i;
           break;
         }
         toks.Add(new NestedToken(original.RangeToken.StartToken, e1.tok));
-        types0.Add(e0.Type.NormalizeExpand());
-        types1.Add(e1.Type.NormalizeExpand());
+        calleeDafny.Add(e0);
+        callerDafny.Add(e1);
         callee.Add(etran.TrExpr(e0));
         caller.Add(etran.TrExpr(e1));
         var canCall = etran.CanCallAssumption(e1);
@@ -1522,8 +1589,15 @@ private void AddOverrideTerminationChk(ICallable original, ICallable overryd, Bo
       //   So we perform our desired check by calling DecreasesCheck to strictly compare x and x', so we pass in "allowNoChange"
       //   as "false".
       bool allowNoChange = N == decrCountT && decrCountT <= decrCountC;
-      var decrChk = DecreasesCheck(toks, types0, types1, callee, caller, null, null, allowNoChange, false);
-      builder.Add(Assert(original.RangeToken, decrChk, new PODesc.TraitDecreases(original.WhatKind)));
+      var decrChk = DecreasesCheck(toks, null, calleeDafny, callerDafny, callee, caller, null,
+        null, allowNoChange, false);
+      var assertedExpr = new DecreasesToExpr(
+        Token.NoToken,
+        contextDecreases.Select(sub.Substitute).ToList(),
+        calleeDecreases,
+        true);
+      var desc = new PODesc.TraitDecreases(original.WhatKind, assertedExpr);
+      builder.Add(Assert(original.RangeToken, decrChk, desc));
     }
 
     private void AddMethodOverrideFrameSubsetChk(Method m, bool isModifies, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran, List<Variable> localVariables,
@@ -1568,7 +1642,7 @@ private void AddMethodOverrideFrameSubsetChk(Method m, bool isModifies, BoogieSt
       var consequent2 = InRWClause(tok, o, f, traitFrameExps, etran, null, null);
       var q = new Boogie.ForallExpr(tok, new List<TypeVariable>(), new List<Variable> { oVar, fVar },
         BplImp(BplAnd(ante, oInCallee), consequent2));
-      builder.Add(Assert(m.RangeToken, q, new PODesc.TraitFrame(m.WhatKind, isModifies), kv));
+      builder.Add(Assert(m.RangeToken, q, new PODesc.TraitFrame(m.WhatKind, isModifies, classFrameExps, traitFrameExps), kv));
     }
 
     // Return a way to know if an assertion should be converted to an assumption
@@ -1634,6 +1708,7 @@ private Boogie.Procedure AddMethod(Method m, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
       var ordinaryEtran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, m.tok, m);
       ExpressionTranslator etran;
       var inParams = new List<Boogie.Variable>();
+      var bodyKind = kind == MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness || kind == MethodTranslationKind.Implementation;
       if (m is TwoStateLemma) {
         var prevHeapVar = new Boogie.Formal(m.tok, new Boogie.TypedIdent(m.tok, "previous$Heap", predef.HeapType), true);
         var currHeapVar = new Boogie.Formal(m.tok, new Boogie.TypedIdent(m.tok, "current$Heap", predef.HeapType), true);
@@ -1648,44 +1723,48 @@ private Boogie.Procedure AddMethod(Method m, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
 
       GenerateMethodParameters(m.tok, m, kind, etran, inParams, out var outParams);
 
-      var req = new List<Boogie.Requires>();
-      var mod = new List<Boogie.IdentifierExpr>();
-      var ens = new List<Boogie.Ensures>();
-      // FREE PRECONDITIONS
-      if (kind == MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness || kind == MethodTranslationKind.Implementation || kind == MethodTranslationKind.OverrideCheck) {  // the other cases have no need for a free precondition
-        // free requires mh == ModuleContextHeight && fh == FunctionContextHeight;
-        req.Add(Requires(m.tok, true, etran.HeightContext(m), null, null, null));
-        if (m is TwoStateLemma) {
-          // free requires prevHeap == Heap && HeapSucc(prevHeap, currHeap) && IsHeap(currHeap)
-          var a0 = Boogie.Expr.Eq(prevHeap, ordinaryEtran.HeapExpr);
-          var a1 = HeapSucc(prevHeap, currHeap);
-          var a2 = FunctionCall(m.tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, currHeap);
-          req.Add(Requires(m.tok, true, BplAnd(a0, BplAnd(a1, a2)), null, null, null));
+      List<Boogie.Requires> GetRequires() {
+        var req = new List<Boogie.Requires>();
+        // FREE PRECONDITIONS
+        if (kind == MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness || kind == MethodTranslationKind.Implementation || kind == MethodTranslationKind.OverrideCheck) {  // the other cases have no need for a free precondition
+          // free requires mh == ModuleContextHeight && fh == FunctionContextHeight;
+          req.Add(Requires(m.tok, true, null, etran.HeightContext(m), null, null, null));
+          if (m is TwoStateLemma) {
+            // free requires prevHeap == Heap && HeapSucc(prevHeap, currHeap) && IsHeap(currHeap)
+            var a0 = Boogie.Expr.Eq(prevHeap, ordinaryEtran.HeapExpr);
+            var a1 = HeapSucc(prevHeap, currHeap);
+            var a2 = FunctionCall(m.tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, currHeap);
+            req.Add(Requires(m.tok, true, null, BplAnd(a0, BplAnd(a1, a2)), null, null, null));
+          }
+
+          foreach (var typeBoundAxiom in TypeBoundAxioms(m.tok, Concat(m.EnclosingClass.TypeArgs, m.TypeArgs))) {
+            req.Add(Requires(m.tok, true, null, typeBoundAxiom, null, null, null));
+          }
         }
-      }
-      if (m is TwoStateLemma) {
-        // Checked preconditions that old parameters really existed in previous state
-        var index = 0;
-        foreach (var formal in m.Ins) {
-          if (formal.IsOld) {
-            var dafnyFormalIdExpr = new IdentifierExpr(formal.tok, formal);
-            var pIdx = m.Ins.Count == 1 ? "" : " at index " + index;
-            var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated($"argument{pIdx} for parameter '{formal.Name}'",
-              "in the two-state lemma's previous state" +
-              PODesc.IsAllocated.HelperFormal(formal));
-            var require = Requires(formal.tok, false, MkIsAlloc(etran.TrExpr(dafnyFormalIdExpr), formal.Type, prevHeap),
-              desc.FailureDescription, desc.SuccessDescription, null);
-            require.Description = desc;
-            req.Add(require);
+        if (m is TwoStateLemma) {
+          // Checked preconditions that old parameters really existed in previous state
+          var index = 0;
+          foreach (var formal in m.Ins) {
+            if (formal.IsOld) {
+              var dafnyFormalIdExpr = new IdentifierExpr(formal.tok, formal);
+              var pIdx = m.Ins.Count == 1 ? "" : " at index " + index;
+              var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated($"argument{pIdx} for parameter '{formal.Name}'",
+                "in the two-state lemma's previous state" + PODesc.IsAllocated.HelperFormal(formal),
+                dafnyFormalIdExpr
+              );
+              var require = Requires(formal.tok, false, null, MkIsAlloc(etran.TrExpr(dafnyFormalIdExpr), formal.Type, prevHeap),
+                desc.FailureDescription, desc.SuccessDescription, null);
+              require.Description = desc;
+              req.Add(require);
+            }
+            index++;
           }
-          index++;
         }
-      }
-      mod.Add(ordinaryEtran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr);
 
-      var bodyKind = kind == MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness || kind == MethodTranslationKind.Implementation;
+        if (kind is MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness or MethodTranslationKind.OverrideCheck) {
+          return req;
+        }
 
-      if (kind != MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness && kind != MethodTranslationKind.OverrideCheck) {
         // USER-DEFINED SPECIFICATIONS
         var comment = "user-defined preconditions";
         foreach (var p in m.Req) {
@@ -1694,25 +1773,37 @@ private Boogie.Procedure AddMethod(Method m, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
             // don't include this precondition here, but record it for later use
             p.Label.E = (m is TwoStateLemma ? ordinaryEtran : etran.Old).TrExpr(p.E);
           } else {
-            foreach (var s in TrSplitExprForMethodSpec(p.E, etran, kind)) {
+            foreach (var s in TrSplitExprForMethodSpec(new BodyTranslationContext(m.ContainsHide), p.E, etran,
+                       kind)) {
               if (s.IsOnlyChecked && bodyKind) {
                 // don't include in split
               } else if (s.IsOnlyFree && !bodyKind) {
                 // don't include in split -- it would be ignored, anyhow
               } else {
-                req.Add(RequiresWithDependencies(s.Tok, s.IsOnlyFree, p.E, s.E, errorMessage, successMessage, comment));
+                req.Add(
+                  RequiresWithDependencies(s.Tok, s.IsOnlyFree, p.E, s.E, errorMessage, successMessage, comment));
                 comment = null;
                 // the free here is not linked to the free on the original expression (this is free things generated in the splitting.)
               }
             }
           }
         }
-        comment = "user-defined postconditions";
+        return req;
+      }
+
+      List<Boogie.Ensures> GetEnsures() {
+        var ens = new List<Boogie.Ensures>();
+        if (kind is MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness or MethodTranslationKind.OverrideCheck) {
+          return ens;
+        }
+
+        // USER-DEFINED SPECIFICATIONS
+        var comment = "user-defined postconditions";
         foreach (var p in m.Ens) {
           var (errorMessage, successMessage) = CustomErrorMessage(p.Attributes);
-          AddEnsures(ens, Ensures(p.E.tok, true, etran.CanCallAssumption(p.E), errorMessage, successMessage, comment));
+          AddEnsures(ens, Ensures(p.E.tok, true, p.E, etran.CanCallAssumption(p.E), errorMessage, successMessage, comment));
           comment = null;
-          foreach (var s in TrSplitExprForMethodSpec(p.E, etran, kind)) {
+          foreach (var s in TrSplitExprForMethodSpec(new BodyTranslationContext(m.ContainsHide), p.E, etran, kind)) {
             var post = s.E;
             if (kind == MethodTranslationKind.Implementation && RefinementToken.IsInherited(s.Tok, currentModule)) {
               // this postcondition was inherited into this module, so make it into the form "$_reverifyPost ==> s.E"
@@ -1727,12 +1818,15 @@ private Boogie.Procedure AddMethod(Method m, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
             }
           }
         }
-        if (m is Constructor && kind == MethodTranslationKind.Call) {
+        if (m is Constructor && kind == MethodTranslationKind.CallPost) {
+          var dafnyFresh = new OldExpr(Token.NoToken,
+            new UnaryOpExpr(Token.NoToken, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Not,
+              new UnaryOpExpr(Token.NoToken, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Allocated, new IdentifierExpr(Token.NoToken, "this"))));
           var fresh = Boogie.Expr.Not(etran.Old.IsAlloced(m.tok, new Boogie.IdentifierExpr(m.tok, "this", TrReceiverType(m))));
-          AddEnsures(ens, Ensures(m.tok, false || this.assertionOnlyFilter != null, fresh, null, null, "constructor allocates the object"));
+          AddEnsures(ens, Ensures(m.tok, false || this.assertionOnlyFilter != null, dafnyFresh, fresh, null, null, "constructor allocates the object"));
         }
         foreach (BoilerplateTriple tri in GetTwoStateBoilerplate(m.tok, m.Mod.Expressions, m.IsGhost, m.AllowsAllocation, ordinaryEtran.Old, ordinaryEtran, ordinaryEtran.Old)) {
-          AddEnsures(ens, Ensures(tri.tok, tri.IsFree || this.assertionOnlyFilter != null, tri.Expr, tri.ErrorMessage, tri.SuccessMessage, tri.Comment));
+          AddEnsures(ens, Ensures(tri.tok, tri.IsFree || this.assertionOnlyFilter != null, null, tri.Expr, tri.ErrorMessage, tri.SuccessMessage, tri.Comment));
         }
 
         // add the fuel assumption for the reveal method of a opaque method
@@ -1742,13 +1836,35 @@ private Boogie.Procedure AddMethod(Method m, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
             MemberSelectExpr selectExpr = args[0].Resolved as MemberSelectExpr;
             if (selectExpr != null) {
               Function f = selectExpr.Member as Function;
-              AddEnsures(ens, Ensures(m.tok, true, GetRevealConstant(f), null, null, null));
+              AddEnsures(ens, Ensures(m.tok, true, null, GetRevealConstant(f), null, null, null));
             }
           }
         }
+        return ens;
       }
 
+      var req = new List<Bpl.Requires>();
+      var mod = new List<Boogie.IdentifierExpr>();
+      var ens = new List<Ensures>();
+
       var name = MethodName(m, kind);
+      switch (kind) {
+        case MethodTranslationKind.CallPre:
+        case MethodTranslationKind.CoCallPre:
+          outParams = new List<Variable>();
+          req = GetRequires();
+          break;
+        case MethodTranslationKind.CallPost:
+        case MethodTranslationKind.CoCallPost:
+          mod.Add(ordinaryEtran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr);
+          ens = GetEnsures();
+          break;
+        default:
+          req = GetRequires();
+          mod.Add(ordinaryEtran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr);
+          ens = GetEnsures();
+          break;
+      }
       var proc = new Boogie.Procedure(m.tok, name, new List<Boogie.TypeVariable>(), inParams, outParams, false, req, mod, ens, etran.TrAttributes(m.Attributes, null));
       AddVerboseNameAttribute(proc, m.FullDafnyName, kind);
 
@@ -1787,5 +1903,55 @@ private void InsertChecksum(Method m, Boogie.Declaration decl, bool specificatio
 
       InsertChecksum(decl, data);
     }
+
+    internal IEnumerable<Bpl.Expr> TypeBoundAxioms(IToken tok, List<TypeParameter> typeParameters) {
+      foreach (var typeParameter in typeParameters.Where(typeParameter => typeParameter.TypeBounds.Any())) {
+        TypeBoundAxiomExpressions(tok, new List<Variable>(), new UserDefinedType(typeParameter), typeParameter.TypeBounds,
+          out var isBoxExpr, out var isAllocBoxExpr);
+        yield return isBoxExpr;
+        yield return isAllocBoxExpr;
+      }
+    }
+
+    public void TypeBoundAxiomExpressions(IToken tok, List<Bpl.Variable> bvarsTypeParameters, Type type, List<Type> typeBounds,
+      out Bpl.Expr isBoxExpr, out Bpl.Expr isAllocBoxExpr) {
+      {
+        // (forall bvarsTypeParameters, bx: Box ::
+        //   { $IsBox(bx, typeExpression) }
+        //   $IsBox(bx, typeExpression) ==>
+        //     $IsBox(bx, Bound0) && $IsBox(bx, Bound1) && ...);
+        var vars = new List<Bpl.Variable>();
+        vars.AddRange(bvarsTypeParameters);
+        var bx = BplBoundVar("bx", predef.BoxType, vars);
+        var isBox = MkIs(bx, TypeToTy(type), true);
+        Bpl.Expr bounds = Bpl.Expr.True;
+        foreach (var typeBound in typeBounds) {
+          bounds = BplAnd(bounds, MkIs(bx, TypeToTy(typeBound), true));
+        }
+
+        var body = BplImp(isBox, bounds);
+        isBoxExpr = new Bpl.ForallExpr(tok, vars, BplTrigger(isBox), body);
+      }
+
+      {
+        // (forall bx: Box, $Heap: Heap ::
+        //   { $IsAllocBox(bx, X, $h) }
+        //   $IsAllocBox(bx, X, $h) && $IsGoodHeap($h) ==>
+        //     $IsAllocBox(bx, Bound0, $h) && $IsAllocBox(bx, Bound1, $h) && ...);
+        var vars = new List<Bpl.Variable>();
+        vars.AddRange(bvarsTypeParameters);
+        var bx = BplBoundVar("bx", predef.BoxType, vars);
+        var heap = BplBoundVar("$h", predef.HeapType, vars);
+        var isGoodHeap = FunctionCall(tok, BuiltinFunction.IsGoodHeap, null, heap);
+        var isAllocBox = MkIsAlloc(bx, TypeToTy(type), heap, true);
+        Bpl.Expr bounds = Bpl.Expr.True;
+        foreach (var typeBound in typeBounds) {
+          bounds = BplAnd(bounds, MkIsAlloc(bx, TypeToTy(typeBound), heap, true));
+        }
+
+        var body = BplImp(BplAnd(isAllocBox, isGoodHeap), bounds);
+        isAllocBoxExpr = new Bpl.ForallExpr(tok, vars, BplTrigger(isAllocBox), body);
+      }
+    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Reveal.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Reveal.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..53edc92ed6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Reveal.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using System.Linq;
+using DafnyCore.Verifier;
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
+using static Microsoft.Dafny.Util;
+using Bpl = Microsoft.Boogie;
+using PODesc = Microsoft.Dafny.ProofObligationDescription;
+using static Microsoft.Dafny.GenericErrors;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+public partial class BoogieGenerator {
+
+  Expr TrStmtSideEffect(Expr e, Statement stmt, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    if (stmt is CallStmt) {
+      var call = (CallStmt)stmt;
+      var m = call.Method;
+      if (IsOpaqueRevealLemma(m)) {
+        List<Expression> args = Attributes.FindExpressions(m.Attributes, "fuel");
+        if (args != null) {
+          MemberSelectExpr selectExpr = args[0].Resolved as MemberSelectExpr;
+          if (selectExpr != null) {
+            Function f = selectExpr.Member as Function;
+            FuelConstant fuelConstant = this.functionFuel.Find(x => x.f == f);
+            if (fuelConstant != null) {
+              Bpl.Expr startFuel = fuelConstant.startFuel;
+              Bpl.Expr startFuelAssert = fuelConstant.startFuelAssert;
+              Bpl.Expr moreFuel_expr = fuelConstant.MoreFuel(sink, predef, f.IdGenerator);
+              Bpl.Expr layer = etran.layerInterCluster.LayerN(1, moreFuel_expr);
+              Bpl.Expr layerAssert = etran.layerInterCluster.LayerN(2, moreFuel_expr);
+
+              e = BplAnd(e, Bpl.Expr.Eq(startFuel, layer));
+              e = BplAnd(e, Bpl.Expr.Eq(startFuelAssert, layerAssert));
+              e = BplAnd(e, Bpl.Expr.Eq(this.FunctionCall(f.tok, BuiltinFunction.AsFuelBottom, null, moreFuel_expr), moreFuel_expr));
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (stmt is HideRevealStmt reveal) {
+      foreach (var s in reveal.ResolvedStatements) {
+        e = BplAnd(e, TrFunctionSideEffect(s, etran));
+      }
+    }
+    return e;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.SplitExpr.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.SplitExpr.cs
index 3f97f1850ee..e6d3f985a76 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.SplitExpr.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.SplitExpr.cs
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 using static Microsoft.Dafny.GenericErrors;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
+  public record BodyTranslationContext(bool ContainsHide, int ScopeDepth = 0, bool ReturnPosition = true);
+
   public partial class BoogieGenerator {
 
 
@@ -39,7 +41,8 @@ public partial class BoogieGenerator {
     /// if its body is available in the current context and its height is less than "heightLimit" (if "heightLimit" is
     /// passed in as 0, then no functions will be inlined).
     /// </summary>
-    bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool position, int heightLimit, bool inlineProtectedFunctions, bool apply_induction, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    bool TrSplitExpr(BodyTranslationContext context, Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo> splits, /*!*/ /*!*/
+      bool position, int heightLimit, bool inlineProtectedFunctions, bool applyInduction, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
       Contract.Requires(expr != null);
       Contract.Requires(expr.Type.IsBoolType || (expr is BoxingCastExpr && ((BoxingCastExpr)expr).E.Type.IsBoolType));
       Contract.Requires(splits != null);
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
         case BoxingCastExpr castExpr: {
             var bce = castExpr;
             var ss = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-            if (TrSplitExpr(bce.E, ss, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran)) {
+            if (TrSplitExpr(context, bce.E, ss, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran)) {
               foreach (var s in ss) {
                 splits.Add(ToSplitExprInfo(s.Kind, CondApplyBox(s.Tok, s.E, bce.FromType, bce.ToType)));
               }
@@ -60,18 +63,18 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
           }
         case ConcreteSyntaxExpression expression: {
             var e = expression;
-            return TrSplitExpr(e.ResolvedExpression, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+            return TrSplitExpr(context, e.ResolvedExpression, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
           }
         case NestedMatchExpr nestedMatchExpr:
-          return TrSplitExpr(nestedMatchExpr.Flattened, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+          return TrSplitExpr(context, nestedMatchExpr.Flattened, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
         case LetExpr letExpr: {
             var e = letExpr;
             if (!e.Exact) {
-              var d = LetDesugaring(e);
-              return TrSplitExpr(d, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+              var d = etran.LetDesugaring(e);
+              return TrSplitExpr(context, d, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
             } else {
               var ss = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-              if (TrSplitExpr(e.Body, ss, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran)) {
+              if (TrSplitExpr(context, e.Body, ss, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran)) {
                 // We don't know where the RHSs of the let are used in the body. In particular, we don't know if a RHS
                 // will end up in a spot where TrSplitExpr would like to increase the Layer offset or not. In fact, different
                 // uses of the same let variable may end up needing different Layer constants. The following code will
@@ -98,7 +101,7 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
                 var tok = new NestedToken(GetToken(e), fe.tok);
                 Expression ee = new UnchangedExpr(tok, new List<FrameExpression> { fe }, e.At) { AtLabel = e.AtLabel };
                 ee.Type = Type.Bool;  // resolve here
-                TrSplitExpr(ee, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+                TrSplitExpr(context, ee, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
               }
               return true;
             }
@@ -109,7 +112,7 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
             var e = opExpr;
             if (e.ResolvedOp == UnaryOpExpr.ResolvedOpcode.BoolNot) {
               var ss = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-              if (TrSplitExpr(e.E, ss, !position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran)) {
+              if (TrSplitExpr(context, e.E, ss, !position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran)) {
                 foreach (var s in ss) {
                   splits.Add(ToSplitExprInfo(s.Kind, Bpl.Expr.Unary(s.E.tok, UnaryOperator.Opcode.Not, s.E)));
                 }
@@ -122,13 +125,13 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
         case BinaryExpr binaryExpr: {
             var bin = binaryExpr;
             if (position && bin.ResolvedOp == BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.And) {
-              TrSplitExpr(bin.E0, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
-              TrSplitExpr(bin.E1, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+              TrSplitExpr(context, bin.E0, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
+              TrSplitExpr(context, bin.E1, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
               return true;
 
             } else if (!position && bin.ResolvedOp == BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Or) {
-              TrSplitExpr(bin.E0, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
-              TrSplitExpr(bin.E1, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+              TrSplitExpr(context, bin.E0, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
+              TrSplitExpr(context, bin.E1, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
               return true;
 
             } else if (bin.ResolvedOp == BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Imp) {
@@ -136,14 +139,14 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
               if (position) {
                 var lhs = etran.TrExpr(bin.E0);
                 var ss = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-                TrSplitExpr(bin.E1, ss, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+                TrSplitExpr(context, bin.E1, ss, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
                 foreach (var s in ss) {
                   // as the source location in the following implication, use that of the translated "s"
                   splits.Add(ToSplitExprInfo(s.Kind, Bpl.Expr.Binary(s.E.tok, BinaryOperator.Opcode.Imp, lhs, s.E)));
                 }
               } else {
                 var ss = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-                TrSplitExpr(bin.E0, ss, !position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+                TrSplitExpr(context, bin.E0, ss, !position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
                 var rhs = etran.TrExpr(bin.E1);
                 foreach (var s in ss) {
                   // as the source location in the following implication, use that of the translated "s"
@@ -173,7 +176,7 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
               // Note:  First off, (*) is used only when ORDINAL is involved. Moreover, if there's an error among the first checked
               // conditions, it seems confusing to get yet another error message.  Therefore, we add a middle disjunct to (*), namely
               // the conjunction of all the previous RHSs.
-              var kAsORD = !e.E0.Type.IsBigOrdinalType && !TernaryExpr.PrefixEqUsesNat ? FunctionCall(k.tok, "ORD#FromNat", Bpl.Type.Int, k) : k;
+              var kAsORD = !e.E0.Type.IsBigOrdinalType ? FunctionCall(k.tok, "ORD#FromNat", Bpl.Type.Int, k) : k;
               var prefixEqK = CoEqualCall(codecl, e1type.TypeArgs, e2type.TypeArgs, kAsORD, etran.layerInterCluster.LayerN((int)FuelSetting.FuelAmount.HIGH), A, B); // FunctionCall(expr.tok, CoPrefixName(codecl, 1), Bpl.Type.Bool, k, A, B);
               Bpl.Expr kHasSuccessor, kMinusOne;
               if (e.E0.Type.IsBigOrdinalType) {
@@ -182,9 +185,7 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
               } else {
                 kHasSuccessor = Bpl.Expr.Lt(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), k);
                 kMinusOne = Bpl.Expr.Sub(k, Bpl.Expr.Literal(1));
-                if (!TernaryExpr.PrefixEqUsesNat) {
-                  kMinusOne = FunctionCall(k.tok, "ORD#FromNat", Bpl.Type.Int, kMinusOne);
-                }
+                kMinusOne = FunctionCall(k.tok, "ORD#FromNat", Bpl.Type.Int, kMinusOne);
               }
               // for the inlining of the definition of prefix equality, translate the two main equality operands arguments with a higher offset (to obtain #2 functions)
               var etran2 = etran.LayerOffset(1);
@@ -219,8 +220,8 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
             var ssThen = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
             var ssElse = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
 
-            TrSplitExpr(ite.Thn, ssThen, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
-            TrSplitExpr(ite.Els, ssElse, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+            TrSplitExpr(context, ite.Thn, ssThen, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
+            TrSplitExpr(context, ite.Els, ssElse, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
 
             var op = position ? BinaryOperator.Opcode.Imp : BinaryOperator.Opcode.And;
             var test = etran.TrExpr(ite.Test);
@@ -240,7 +241,7 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
         case MatchExpr matchExpr: {
             var e = matchExpr;
             var ite = etran.DesugarMatchExpr(e);
-            return TrSplitExpr(ite, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+            return TrSplitExpr(context, ite, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
           }
         case StmtExpr stmtExpr: {
             var e = stmtExpr;
@@ -250,14 +251,14 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
             if (position) {
               var conclusion = etran.TrExpr(e.GetSConclusion());
               var ss = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-              TrSplitExpr(e.E, ss, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+              TrSplitExpr(context, e.E, ss, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
               foreach (var s in ss) {
                 // as the source location in the following implication, use that of the translated "s"
                 splits.Add(ToSplitExprInfo(s.Kind, Bpl.Expr.Binary(s.E.tok, BinaryOperator.Opcode.Imp, conclusion, s.E)));
               }
             } else {
               var ss = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-              TrSplitExpr(e.GetSConclusion(), ss, !position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+              TrSplitExpr(context, e.GetSConclusion(), ss, !position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
               var rhs = etran.TrExpr(e.E);
               foreach (var s in ss) {
                 // as the source location in the following implication, use that of the translated "s"
@@ -268,23 +269,23 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
           }
         case OldExpr oldExpr: {
             var e = oldExpr;
-            return TrSplitExpr(e.E, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran.OldAt(e.AtLabel));
+            return TrSplitExpr(context, e.E, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran.OldAt(e.AtLabel));
           }
         case FunctionCallExpr callExpr when position: {
             var fexp = callExpr;
-            if (TrSplitFunctionCallExpr(callExpr, splits, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran, fexp)) {
+            if (TrSplitFunctionCallExpr(context, callExpr, splits, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran, fexp)) {
               return true;
             }
 
             break;
           }
         case QuantifierExpr quantifierExpr when quantifierExpr.SplitQuantifier != null:
-          return TrSplitExpr(quantifierExpr.SplitQuantifierExpression, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+          return TrSplitExpr(context, quantifierExpr.SplitQuantifierExpression, splits, position, heightLimit, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
         default: {
             if (((position && expr is ForallExpr) || (!position && expr is ExistsExpr))) {
               var e = (QuantifierExpr)expr;
               var inductionVariables = ApplyInduction(e.BoundVars, e.Attributes);
-              if (apply_induction && inductionVariables.Count != 0) {
+              if (applyInduction && inductionVariables.Count != 0) {
                 // From the given quantifier (forall n :: P(n)), generate the seemingly weaker proof obligation
                 //   (forall n :: (forall k :: k < n ==> P(k)) ==> P(n))
                 // For an existential (exists n :: P(n)), it is
@@ -293,27 +294,30 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
                 var kvars = new List<BoundVar>();
                 var kk = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
                 var nn = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
+                var kkDafny = new List<Expression>();
+                var nnDafny = new List<Expression>();
                 var toks = new List<IToken>();
-                var types = new List<Type>();
                 var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
                 foreach (var n in inductionVariables) {
                   toks.Add(n.tok);
-                  types.Add(n.Type.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints());
                   BoundVar k = new BoundVar(n.tok, CurrentIdGenerator.FreshId(n.Name + "$ih#"), n.Type);
                   kvars.Add(k);
 
                   IdentifierExpr ieK = new IdentifierExpr(k.tok, k.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator));
                   ieK.Var = k; ieK.Type = ieK.Var.Type;  // resolve it here
+                  kkDafny.Add(ieK);
                   kk.Add(etran.TrExpr(ieK));
 
                   IdentifierExpr ieN = new IdentifierExpr(n.tok, n.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator));
                   ieN.Var = n; ieN.Type = ieN.Var.Type;  // resolve it here
+                  nnDafny.Add(ieN);
                   nn.Add(etran.TrExpr(ieN));
 
                   substMap.Add(n, ieK);
                 }
                 Expression bodyK = Substitute(e.LogicalBody(), null, substMap);
-                Bpl.Expr less = DecreasesCheck(toks, types, types, kk, nn, null, null, false, true);
+                Bpl.Expr less = DecreasesCheck(toks, null, kkDafny, nnDafny, kk, nn,
+                  null, null, false, true);
 
                 Bpl.Expr ihBody = etran.TrExpr(bodyK);
                 if (!position) {
@@ -471,8 +475,9 @@ bool TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ splits, bool pos
       }
     }
 
-    private bool TrSplitFunctionCallExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo> splits, int heightLimit, bool inlineProtectedFunctions,
-      bool apply_induction, ExpressionTranslator etran, FunctionCallExpr fexp) {
+    private bool TrSplitFunctionCallExpr(BodyTranslationContext context,
+      Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo> splits, int heightLimit, bool inlineProtectedFunctions,
+      bool applyInduction, ExpressionTranslator etran, FunctionCallExpr fexp) {
       var f = fexp.Function;
       Contract.Assert(f != null); // filled in during resolution
       var module = f.EnclosingClass.EnclosingModuleDefinition;
@@ -486,6 +491,8 @@ private bool TrSplitFunctionCallExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo> splits
           // that needed to be proved about the function was proved already in the previous module, even without the body definition).
         } else if (!FunctionBodyIsAvailable(f, currentModule, currentScope, inlineProtectedFunctions)) {
           // Don't inline opaque functions
+        } else if (context.ContainsHide) {
+          // Do not inline in a blind context
         } else if (Attributes.Contains(f.Attributes, "no_inline")) {
           // User manually prevented inlining
         } else {
@@ -528,7 +535,7 @@ private bool TrSplitFunctionCallExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo> splits
 
             // recurse on body
             var ss = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-            TrSplitExpr(typeSpecializedBody, ss, true, functionHeight, inlineProtectedFunctions, apply_induction, etran);
+            TrSplitExpr(context, typeSpecializedBody, ss, true, functionHeight, inlineProtectedFunctions, applyInduction, etran);
             var needsTokenAdjust = TrSplitNeedsTokenAdjustment(typeSpecializedBody);
             foreach (var s in ss) {
               if (s.IsChecked) {
@@ -547,7 +554,7 @@ private bool TrSplitFunctionCallExpr(Expression expr, List<SplitExprInfo> splits
               FunctionCallExpr e = (FunctionCallExpr)typeSpecializedBody;
               for (int i = 0; i < e.Args.Count; i++) {
                 Expression ee = e.Args[i];
-                Type t = e.Function.Formals[i].Type;
+                Type t = e.Function.Ins[i].Type;
                 Expr tr_ee = etran.TrExpr(ee);
                 Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(e.tok, tr_ee, cce.NonNull(ee.Type), etran, NOALLOC);
                 if (wh != null) {
@@ -582,7 +589,7 @@ private bool CanSafelyInline(FunctionCallExpr fexp, Function f) {
       }
       return
         !triggersCollector.IsTriggerKiller(fexp.Receiver) &&
-        Enumerable.Zip(f.Formals, fexp.Args).All(formal_concrete => CanSafelySubstitute(visitor.TriggerVariables, formal_concrete.Item1, formal_concrete.Item2));
+        Enumerable.Zip(f.Ins, fexp.Args).All(formal_concrete => CanSafelySubstitute(visitor.TriggerVariables, formal_concrete.Item1, formal_concrete.Item2));
     }
 
 
@@ -615,9 +622,9 @@ private Expression GetSubstitutedBody(FunctionCallExpr fexp, Function f) {
       Contract.Requires(fexp != null);
       Contract.Requires(f != null);
       var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-      Contract.Assert(fexp.Args.Count == f.Formals.Count);
-      for (int i = 0; i < f.Formals.Count; i++) {
-        Formal p = f.Formals[i];
+      Contract.Assert(fexp.Args.Count == f.Ins.Count);
+      for (int i = 0; i < f.Ins.Count; i++) {
+        Formal p = f.Ins[i];
         var formalType = p.Type.Subst(fexp.GetTypeArgumentSubstitutions());
         Expression arg = fexp.Args[i];
         arg = new BoxingCastExpr(arg, cce.NonNull(arg.Type), formalType);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.TrPredicateStatement.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.TrPredicateStatement.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4dd4e4c0ce8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.TrPredicateStatement.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using System.Linq;
+using DafnyCore.Verifier;
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
+using Bpl = Microsoft.Boogie;
+using BplParser = Microsoft.Boogie.Parser;
+using static Microsoft.Dafny.Util;
+using PODesc = Microsoft.Dafny.ProofObligationDescription;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
+  public partial class BoogieGenerator {
+
+    private void TrPredicateStmt(PredicateStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder,
+      List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+      Contract.Requires(stmt != null);
+      Contract.Requires(builder != null);
+      Contract.Requires(locals != null);
+      Contract.Requires(etran != null);
+
+      fuelContext = FuelSetting.ExpandFuelContext(stmt.Attributes, stmt.Tok, fuelContext, reporter);
+      if (stmt is AssertStmt || options.DisallowSoundnessCheating) {
+        TrAssertStmt(stmt, builder, locals, etran);
+      } else if (stmt is ExpectStmt expectStmt) {
+        TrExpectStmt(builder, locals, etran, expectStmt);
+      } else if (stmt is AssumeStmt assumeStmt) {
+        TrAssumeStmt(assumeStmt, builder, locals, etran);
+      }
+      fuelContext = FuelSetting.PopFuelContext();
+    }
+
+    private void TrAssumeStmt(AssumeStmt assumeStmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+      AddComment(builder, assumeStmt, "assume statement");
+      stmtContext = StmtType.ASSUME;
+      TrStmt_CheckWellformed(assumeStmt.Expr, builder, locals, etran, false);
+      builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, assumeStmt.Tok, assumeStmt.Expr, "assume statement", true,
+        etran.TrAttributes(assumeStmt.Attributes, null)));
+      stmtContext = StmtType.NONE; // done with translating assume stmt.
+      if (options.TestGenOptions.Mode != TestGenerationOptions.Modes.None) {
+        builder.AddCaptureState(assumeStmt);
+      }
+    }
+
+    private void TrExpectStmt(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran, ExpectStmt expectStmt) {
+      AddComment(builder, expectStmt, "expect statement");
+      stmtContext = StmtType.ASSUME;
+      TrStmt_CheckWellformed(expectStmt.Expr, builder, locals, etran, false);
+
+      // Need to check the message is well-formed, assuming the expected expression
+      // does NOT hold:
+      //
+      // if Not(TrExpr[[ s.Expr ]]) {
+      //  CheckWellformed[[ s.Message ]]
+      //  assume false;
+      // }
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder thnBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+      TrStmt_CheckWellformed(expectStmt.Message, thnBuilder, locals, etran, false);
+      thnBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(expectStmt.Tok, new Bpl.LiteralExpr(expectStmt.Tok, false),
+        etran.TrAttributes(expectStmt.Attributes, null)));
+      Bpl.StmtList thn = thnBuilder.Collect(expectStmt.Tok);
+      builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(expectStmt.Tok, Bpl.Expr.Not(etran.TrExpr(expectStmt.Expr)), thn, null, null));
+
+      stmtContext = StmtType.NONE; // done with translating expect stmt.
+    }
+
+    public void TrAssertStmt(PredicateStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals,
+      ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+      var stmtBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+      var defineFuel = DefineFuelConstant(stmt.Tok, stmt.Attributes, stmtBuilder, etran);
+      var b = defineFuel ? stmtBuilder : builder;
+      stmtContext = StmtType.ASSERT;
+      AddComment(b, stmt, "assert statement");
+      TrStmt_CheckWellformed(stmt.Expr, b, locals, etran, false);
+
+      var hiddenProof = false;
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder proofBuilder = null;
+      var assertStmt = stmt as AssertStmt;
+      if (assertStmt != null) {
+        if (assertStmt.Proof != null) {
+          hiddenProof = true;
+          proofBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+          AddComment(proofBuilder, stmt, "assert statement proof");
+          CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
+          TrStmt(((AssertStmt)stmt).Proof, proofBuilder, locals, etran);
+          CurrentIdGenerator.Pop();
+        } else if (assertStmt.Label != null) {
+          hiddenProof = true;
+          proofBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+          AddComment(proofBuilder, stmt, "assert statement proof");
+        }
+      }
+      proofBuilder ??= b;
+
+      var splitHappened = TrAssertCondition(stmt, builder, etran, proofBuilder);
+
+      if (hiddenProof) {
+        PathAsideBlock(stmt.Tok, proofBuilder, b);
+      }
+
+      stmtContext = StmtType.NONE; // done with translating assert stmt
+      if (splitHappened || hiddenProof) {
+        if (assertStmt is { Label: not null }) {
+          // make copies of the variables used in the assertion
+          var name = "$Heap_at_" + assertStmt.Label.AssignUniqueId(CurrentIdGenerator);
+          var heapAt = new Bpl.LocalVariable(stmt.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(stmt.Tok, name, predef.HeapType));
+          locals.Add(heapAt);
+          var heapReference = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(stmt.Tok, heapAt);
+          b.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(stmt.Tok, heapReference, etran.HeapExpr));
+          var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
+          foreach (var v in FreeVariablesUtil.ComputeFreeVariables(options, assertStmt.Expr)) {
+            if (v is LocalVariable) {
+              var vcopy = new LocalVariable(stmt.RangeToken, string.Format("##{0}#{1}", name, v.Name), v.Type,
+                v.IsGhost);
+              vcopy.type = vcopy.SyntacticType; // resolve local here
+              IdentifierExpr ie = new IdentifierExpr(vcopy.Tok,
+                vcopy.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator));
+              ie.Var = vcopy;
+              ie.Type = ie.Var.Type; // resolve ie here
+              substMap.Add(v, ie);
+              locals.Add(new Bpl.LocalVariable(vcopy.Tok,
+                new Bpl.TypedIdent(vcopy.Tok, vcopy.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator),
+                  TrType(vcopy.Type))));
+              b.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(stmt.Tok, TrVar(stmt.Tok, vcopy), TrVar(stmt.Tok, v)));
+            }
+          }
+
+          var exprToBeRevealed = Substitute(assertStmt.Expr, null, substMap);
+          var etr = new ExpressionTranslator(etran, heapReference);
+          assertStmt.Label.E = etr.TrExpr(exprToBeRevealed);
+        } else if (!defineFuel) {
+          // Adding the assume stmt, resetting the stmtContext
+          stmtContext = StmtType.ASSUME;
+          adjustFuelForExists = true;
+          b.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, stmt.Tok, stmt.Expr, "assert statement", true));
+          stmtContext = StmtType.NONE;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (defineFuel) {
+        var ifCmd = new Bpl.IfCmd(stmt.Tok, null, b.Collect(stmt.Tok), null,
+          null); // BUGBUG: shouldn't this first append "assume false" to "b"? (use PathAsideBlock to do this)  --KRML
+        builder.Add(ifCmd);
+        // Adding the assume stmt, resetting the stmtContext
+        stmtContext = StmtType.ASSUME;
+        adjustFuelForExists = true;
+        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, stmt.Tok, stmt.Expr, "assert statement", true));
+        stmtContext = StmtType.NONE;
+      }
+
+      if (options.TestGenOptions.Mode != TestGenerationOptions.Modes.None) {
+        builder.AddCaptureState(stmt);
+      }
+    }
+
+    private bool TrAssertCondition(PredicateStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder,
+      ExpressionTranslator etran, BoogieStmtListBuilder proofBuilder) {
+      IToken enclosingToken = null;
+      if (Attributes.Contains(stmt.Attributes, "_prependAssertToken")) {
+        enclosingToken = stmt.Tok;
+      }
+
+      var (errorMessage, successMessage) = CustomErrorMessage(stmt.Attributes);
+      var splits = TrSplitExpr(builder.Context, stmt.Expr, etran, true, out var splitHappened);
+      if (!splitHappened) {
+        var tok = enclosingToken == null ? GetToken(stmt.Expr) : new NestedToken(enclosingToken, GetToken(stmt.Expr));
+        var desc = new PODesc.AssertStatementDescription(stmt, errorMessage, successMessage);
+        proofBuilder.Add(Assert(tok, etran.TrExpr(stmt.Expr), desc, stmt.Tok,
+          etran.TrAttributes(stmt.Attributes, null)));
+      } else {
+        foreach (var split in splits) {
+          if (split.IsChecked) {
+            var tok = enclosingToken == null ? split.E.tok : new NestedToken(enclosingToken, split.Tok);
+            var desc = new PODesc.AssertStatementDescription(stmt, errorMessage, successMessage);
+            proofBuilder.Add(AssertNS(ToDafnyToken(flags.ReportRanges, tok), split.E, desc, stmt.Tok,
+              etran.TrAttributes(stmt.Attributes, null))); // attributes go on every split
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      return splitHappened;
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.TrStatement.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.TrStatement.cs
index 23025289acf..c166e512b95 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.TrStatement.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.TrStatement.cs
@@ -7,11 +7,18 @@
 using Bpl = Microsoft.Boogie;
 using BplParser = Microsoft.Boogie.Parser;
 using static Microsoft.Dafny.Util;
+using Action = System.Action;
 using PODesc = Microsoft.Dafny.ProofObligationDescription;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
   public partial class BoogieGenerator {
-    private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    public const string FrameVariablePrefix = "$Frame$";
+
+    private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder,
+      List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+
+      stmt.ScopeDepth = builder.Context.ScopeDepth;
+
       Contract.Requires(stmt != null);
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
       Contract.Requires(locals != null);
@@ -34,18 +41,14 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
           builder.AddCaptureState(s);
         }
 
-      } else if (stmt is RevealStmt) {
-        AddComment(builder, stmt, "reveal statement");
-        var s = (RevealStmt)stmt;
-        foreach (var la in s.LabeledAsserts) {
-          Contract.Assert(la.E != null);  // this should have been filled in by now
-          builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(s.Tok, la.E));
-        }
-        TrStmtList(s.ResolvedStatements, builder, locals, etran);
-
+      } else if (stmt is HideRevealStmt revealStmt) {
+        TranslateRevealStmt(builder, locals, etran, revealStmt);
       } else if (stmt is BreakStmt) {
         var s = (BreakStmt)stmt;
         AddComment(builder, stmt, $"{s.Kind} statement");
+        foreach (var _ in Enumerable.Range(0, builder.Context.ScopeDepth - s.TargetStmt.ScopeDepth)) {
+          builder.Add(new ChangeScope(s.Tok, ChangeScope.Modes.Pop));
+        }
         var lbl = (s.IsContinue ? "continue_" : "after_") + s.TargetStmt.Labels.Data.AssignUniqueId(CurrentIdGenerator);
         builder.Add(new GotoCmd(s.Tok, new List<string> { lbl }));
       } else if (stmt is ReturnStmt) {
@@ -67,6 +70,9 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
           AssumeCanCallForByMethodDecl(method2, builder);
         }
 
+        foreach (var _ in Enumerable.Range(0, builder.Context.ScopeDepth)) {
+          builder.Add(new ChangeScope(s.Tok, ChangeScope.Modes.Pop));
+        }
         builder.Add(new Bpl.ReturnCmd(stmt.Tok));
       } else if (stmt is YieldStmt) {
         var s = (YieldStmt)stmt;
@@ -79,10 +85,12 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
         }
         // this.ys := this.ys + [this.y];
         var th = new ThisExpr(iter);
+        var dafnyOutExprs = new List<Expression>();
         Contract.Assert(iter.OutsFields.Count == iter.OutsHistoryFields.Count);
         for (int i = 0; i < iter.OutsFields.Count; i++) {
           var y = iter.OutsFields[i];
           var dafnyY = new MemberSelectExpr(s.Tok, th, y);
+          dafnyOutExprs.Add(dafnyY);
           var ys = iter.OutsHistoryFields[i];
           var dafnyYs = new MemberSelectExpr(s.Tok, th, ys);
           var dafnySingletonY = new SeqDisplayExpr(s.Tok, new List<Expression>() { dafnyY });
@@ -103,14 +111,26 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
         builder.Add(AssumeGoodHeap(s.Tok, etran));
         // assert YieldEnsures[subst];  // where 'subst' replaces "old(E)" with "E" being evaluated in $_OldIterHeap
         var yeEtran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, etran.HeapExpr, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(s.Tok, "$_OldIterHeap", predef.HeapType), iter);
+
+        var rhss = s.Rhss == null
+          ? dafnyOutExprs
+          : s.Rhss.Select(rhs => rhs is ExprRhs e ? e.Expr : null).ToList();
+        var fieldSubstMap = iter.OutsFields.Zip(rhss)
+          .Where(outRhs => outRhs.Second != null)
+          .ToDictionary(
+            outRhs => outRhs.First.Name,
+            outRhs => outRhs.Second
+          );
+        var fieldSub = new SpecialFieldSubstituter(fieldSubstMap);
+
         foreach (var p in iter.YieldEnsures) {
-          var ss = TrSplitExpr(p.E, yeEtran, true, out var splitHappened);
+          var ss = TrSplitExpr(builder.Context, p.E, yeEtran, true, out var splitHappened);
           foreach (var split in ss) {
             if (RefinementToken.IsInherited(split.Tok, currentModule)) {
               // this postcondition was inherited into this module, so just ignore it
             } else if (split.IsChecked) {
               var yieldToken = new NestedToken(s.Tok, split.Tok);
-              var desc = new PODesc.YieldEnsures();
+              var desc = new PODesc.YieldEnsures(fieldSub.Substitute(p.E));
               builder.Add(AssertNS(yieldToken, split.E, desc, stmt.Tok, null));
             }
           }
@@ -172,7 +192,7 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
         ProcessRhss(lhsBuilder, bLhss, havocLHSs, havocRHSs, builder, locals, etran, stmt);
 
         // Here comes the well-formedness check
-        var wellFormednessBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+        var wellFormednessBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
         var rhs = Substitute(s.Expr, null, substMap);
         TrStmt_CheckWellformed(rhs, wellFormednessBuilder, locals, etran, false);
         var ifCmd = new Bpl.IfCmd(s.Tok, typeAntecedent, wellFormednessBuilder.Collect(s.Tok), null, null);
@@ -212,39 +232,8 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
         builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, s.Tok, s.Expr, "assign-such-that constraint"));
         builder.AddCaptureState(s);  // just do one capture state--here, at the very end (that is, don't do one before the assume)
 
-      } else if (stmt is UpdateStmt) {
-        var s = (UpdateStmt)stmt;
-        // This UpdateStmt can be single-target assignment, a multi-assignment, a call statement, or
-        // an array-range update.  Handle the multi-assignment here and handle the others as for .ResolvedStatements.
-        var resolved = s.ResolvedStatements;
-        if (resolved.Count == 1) {
-          TrStmt(resolved[0], builder, locals, etran);
-        } else {
-          AddComment(builder, s, "update statement");
-          var assignStmts = resolved.Cast<AssignStmt>().ToList();
-          var lhss = assignStmts.Select(a => a.Lhs).ToList();
-          var rhss = assignStmts.Select(a => a.Rhs).ToList();
-          // note: because we have more than one expression, we always must assign to Boogie locals in a two
-          // phase operation. Thus rhssCanAffectPreviouslyKnownExpressions is just true.
-          Contract.Assert(1 < lhss.Count);
-
-          ProcessLhss(lhss, true, false, builder, locals, etran, stmt, out var lhsBuilder, out var bLhss, out var lhsObjs, out var lhsFields, out var lhsNames);
-          // We know that, because the translation saves to a local variable, that the RHS always need to
-          // generate a new local, i.e. bLhss is just all nulls.
-          Contract.Assert(Contract.ForAll(bLhss, lhs => lhs == null));
-          // This generates the assignments, and gives them to us as finalRhss.
-          var finalRhss = ProcessUpdateAssignRhss(lhss, rhss, builder, locals, etran, stmt);
-          // ProcessLhss has laid down framing conditions and the ProcessUpdateAssignRhss will check subranges (nats),
-          // but we need to generate the distinctness condition (two LHS are equal only when the RHS is also
-          // equal). We need both the LHS and the RHS to do this, which is why we need to do it here.
-          CheckLhssDistinctness(finalRhss, s.Rhss, lhss, builder, etran, lhsObjs, lhsFields, lhsNames, s.OriginalInitialLhs);
-          // Now actually perform the assignments to the LHS.
-          for (int i = 0; i < lhss.Count; i++) {
-            lhsBuilder[i](finalRhss[i], s.Rhss[i] is HavocRhs, builder, etran);
-          }
-          builder.AddCaptureState(s);
-        }
-
+      } else if (stmt is UpdateStmt statement) {
+        TrUpdateStmt(builder, locals, etran, statement);
       } else if (stmt is AssignOrReturnStmt) {
         AddComment(builder, stmt, "assign-or-return statement (:-)");
         AssignOrReturnStmt s = (AssignOrReturnStmt)stmt;
@@ -262,7 +251,7 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
       } else if (stmt is DividedBlockStmt) {
         var s = (DividedBlockStmt)stmt;
         AddComment(builder, stmt, "divided block before new;");
-        var prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount = definiteAssignmentTrackers.Count;
+        var prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount = DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Count;
         var tok = s.SeparatorTok ?? s.Tok;
         // a DividedBlockStmt occurs only inside a Constructor body of a class
         var cl = (ClassDecl)((Constructor)codeContext).EnclosingClass;
@@ -299,12 +288,12 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
         TrStmtList(s.BodyProper, builder, locals, etran);
         RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTrackers(s.Body, prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount);
 
-      } else if (stmt is BlockStmt) {
-        var s = (BlockStmt)stmt;
-        var prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount = definiteAssignmentTrackers.Count;
-        TrStmtList(s.Body, builder, locals, etran);
-        RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTrackers(s.Body, prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount);
-
+      } else if (stmt is OpaqueBlock opaqueBlock) {
+        OpaqueBlockVerifier.EmitBoogie(this, opaqueBlock, builder, locals, etran, (IMethodCodeContext)codeContext);
+      } else if (stmt is BlockStmt blockStmt) {
+        var prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount = DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Count;
+        TrStmtList(blockStmt.Body, builder, locals, etran, blockStmt.RangeToken);
+        RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTrackers(blockStmt.Body, prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount);
       } else if (stmt is IfStmt ifStmt) {
         TrIfStmt(ifStmt, builder, locals, etran);
 
@@ -312,7 +301,7 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
         AddComment(builder, stmt, "alternative statement");
         var s = (AlternativeStmt)stmt;
         var elseCase = Assert(s.Tok, Bpl.Expr.False, new PODesc.AlternativeIsComplete());
-        TrAlternatives(s.Alternatives, elseCase, null, builder, locals, etran, stmt.IsGhost);
+        TrAlternatives(s.Alternatives, s.Tok, b => b.Add(elseCase), builder, locals, etran, stmt.IsGhost);
 
       } else if (stmt is WhileStmt whileStmt) {
         TrWhileStmt(whileStmt, builder, locals, etran);
@@ -323,7 +312,14 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
         var tru = Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(s.Tok, true);
         TrLoop(s, tru,
           delegate (BoogieStmtListBuilder bld, ExpressionTranslator e) {
-            TrAlternatives(s.Alternatives, null, new Bpl.BreakCmd(s.Tok, null), bld, locals, e, stmt.IsGhost);
+            TrAlternatives(s.Alternatives, s.Tok,
+              b => {
+                foreach (var _ in Enumerable.Range(0, b.Context.ScopeDepth - builder.Context.ScopeDepth)) {
+                  b.Add(new ChangeScope(s.Tok, ChangeScope.Modes.Pop));
+                }
+                b.Add(new Bpl.BreakCmd(s.Tok, null));
+              },
+              bld, locals, e, stmt.IsGhost);
             InsertContinueTarget(s, bld);
           },
           builder, locals, etran);
@@ -335,12 +331,14 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
         AddComment(builder, stmt, "modify statement");
         var s = (ModifyStmt)stmt;
         // check well-formedness of the modifies clauses
-        CheckFrameWellFormed(new WFOptions(), s.Mod.Expressions, locals, builder, etran);
+        var wfOptions = new WFOptions();
+        CheckFrameWellFormed(wfOptions, s.Mod.Expressions, locals, builder, etran);
         // check that the modifies is a subset
-        CheckFrameSubset(s.Tok, s.Mod.Expressions, null, null, etran, etran.ModifiesFrame(s.Tok), builder, new PODesc.ModifyFrameSubset("modify statement"), null);
+        var desc = new PODesc.ModifyFrameSubset("modify statement", s.Mod.Expressions, GetContextModifiesFrames());
+        CheckFrameSubset(s.Tok, s.Mod.Expressions, null, null, etran, etran.ModifiesFrame(s.Tok), builder, desc, null);
         // cause the change of the heap according to the given frame
         var suffix = CurrentIdGenerator.FreshId("modify#");
-        string modifyFrameName = "$Frame$" + suffix;
+        string modifyFrameName = FrameVariablePrefix + suffix;
         var preModifyHeapVar = new Bpl.LocalVariable(s.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(s.Tok, "$PreModifyHeap$" + suffix, predef.HeapType));
         locals.Add(preModifyHeapVar);
         DefineFrame(s.Tok, etran.ModifiesFrame(s.Tok), s.Mod.Expressions, builder, locals, modifyFrameName);
@@ -365,145 +363,59 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
         }
         builder.AddCaptureState(stmt);
 
-      } else if (stmt is ForallStmt) {
-        var s = (ForallStmt)stmt;
-        this.fuelContext = FuelSetting.ExpandFuelContext(stmt.Attributes, stmt.Tok, this.fuelContext, this.reporter);
-
-        CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
-        if (s.Kind == ForallStmt.BodyKind.Assign) {
-          AddComment(builder, stmt, "forall statement (assign)");
-          Contract.Assert(s.Ens.Count == 0);
-          if (s.BoundVars.Count == 0) {
-            TrStmt(s.Body, builder, locals, etran);
-          } else {
-            var s0 = (AssignStmt)s.S0;
-            var definedness = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-            var updater = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-            DefineFuelConstant(stmt.Tok, stmt.Attributes, definedness, etran);
-            TrForallAssign(s, s0, definedness, updater, locals, etran);
-            // All done, so put the two pieces together
-            builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(s.Tok, null, definedness.Collect(s.Tok), null, updater.Collect(s.Tok)));
-            builder.AddCaptureState(stmt);
-          }
-
-        } else if (s.Kind == ForallStmt.BodyKind.Call) {
-          AddComment(builder, stmt, "forall statement (call)");
-          Contract.Assert(s.Ens.Count == 0);
-          if (s.BoundVars.Count == 0) {
-            Contract.Assert(LiteralExpr.IsTrue(s.Range));  // follows from the invariant of ForallStmt
-            TrStmt(s.Body, builder, locals, etran);
-          } else {
-            var s0 = (CallStmt)s.S0;
-            if (Attributes.Contains(s.Attributes, "_trustWellformed")) {
-              TrForallStmtCall(s.Tok, s.BoundVars, s.Bounds, s.Range, null, s.EffectiveEnsuresClauses, s0, null, builder, locals, etran);
-            } else {
-              var definedness = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-              DefineFuelConstant(stmt.Tok, stmt.Attributes, definedness, etran);
-              var exporter = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-              TrForallStmtCall(s.Tok, s.BoundVars, s.Bounds, s.Range, null, s.EffectiveEnsuresClauses, s0, definedness, exporter, locals, etran);
-              // All done, so put the two pieces together
-              builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(s.Tok, null, definedness.Collect(s.Tok), null, exporter.Collect(s.Tok)));
-            }
-            builder.AddCaptureState(stmt);
-          }
-
-        } else if (s.Kind == ForallStmt.BodyKind.Proof) {
-          AddComment(builder, stmt, "forall statement (proof)");
-          var definedness = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-          var exporter = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-          DefineFuelConstant(stmt.Tok, stmt.Attributes, definedness, etran);
-          TrForallProof(s, definedness, exporter, locals, etran);
-          // All done, so put the two pieces together
-          builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(s.Tok, null, definedness.Collect(s.Tok), null, exporter.Collect(s.Tok)));
-          builder.AddCaptureState(stmt);
-
-        } else {
-          Contract.Assert(false);  // unexpected kind
-        }
-        CurrentIdGenerator.Pop();
-        this.fuelContext = FuelSetting.PopFuelContext();
-
+      } else if (stmt is ForallStmt forallStmt) {
+        TrForallStmt(builder, locals, etran, forallStmt);
       } else if (stmt is CalcStmt calcStmt) {
         TrCalcStmt(calcStmt, builder, locals, etran);
-
       } else if (stmt is NestedMatchStmt nestedMatchStmt) {
         TrStmt(nestedMatchStmt.Flattened, builder, locals, etran);
       } else if (stmt is MatchStmt matchStmt) {
         TrMatchStmt(matchStmt, builder, locals, etran);
       } else if (stmt is VarDeclStmt) {
         var s = (VarDeclStmt)stmt;
-        var newLocalIds = new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr>();
-        int i = 0;
-        foreach (var local in s.Locals) {
-          Bpl.Type varType = TrType(local.Type);
-          Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(local.Tok,
-            new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), varType),
-            local.Type, etran, isAllocContext.Var(stmt.IsGhost, local));
-          // if needed, register definite-assignment tracking for this local
-          var needDefiniteAssignmentTracking = s.Update == null || s.Update is AssignSuchThatStmt;
-          if (s.Update is UpdateStmt) {
-            // there is an initial assignment, but we need to look out for "*" being that assignment
-            var us = (UpdateStmt)s.Update;
-            if (i < us.Rhss.Count && us.Rhss[i] is HavocRhs) {
-              needDefiniteAssignmentTracking = true;
-            }
-          }
-          if (!local.Type.IsNonempty) {
-            // This prevents generating an unsatisfiable where clause for possibly empty types
-            needDefiniteAssignmentTracking = true;
-          }
-          if (needDefiniteAssignmentTracking) {
-            var defassExpr = AddDefiniteAssignmentTracker(local, locals);
-            if (wh != null && defassExpr != null) {
-              // make the "where" expression be "defass ==> wh", because we don't want to assume anything
-              // before the variable has been assigned (for a variable that needs definite-assignment tracking
-              // in the first place)
-              wh = BplImp(defassExpr, wh);
-            }
-          }
-          // create the variable itself (now that "wh" may mention the definite-assignment tracker)
-          Bpl.LocalVariable var = new Bpl.LocalVariable(local.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), varType, wh));
-          var.Attributes = etran.TrAttributes(local.Attributes, null);
-          newLocalIds.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, var));
-          locals.Add(var);
-          i++;
-        }
-        if (s.Update == null) {
-          // it is necessary to do a havoc here in order to give the variable the correct allocation state
-          builder.Add(new HavocCmd(s.Tok, newLocalIds));
-        }
-        // processing of "assumption" variables happens after the variable is possibly havocked above
-        foreach (var local in s.Locals) {
-          if (Attributes.Contains(local.Attributes, "assumption")) {
-            Bpl.Type varType = TrType(local.Type);
-            builder.Add(new AssumeCmd(local.Tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), varType), new QKeyValue(local.Tok, "assumption_variable_initialization", new List<object>(), null)));
-          }
-        }
-        if (s.Update != null) {
-          TrStmt(s.Update, builder, locals, etran);
-        }
-      } else if (stmt is VarDeclPattern) {
-        var s = (VarDeclPattern)stmt;
-        foreach (var local in s.LocalVars) {
-          Bpl.LocalVariable bvar = new Bpl.LocalVariable(local.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), TrType(local.Type)));
-          locals.Add(bvar);
-          var bIe = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(bvar.tok, bvar);
-          builder.Add(new Bpl.HavocCmd(local.Tok, new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr> { bIe }));
-          Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(local.Tok, bIe, local.Type, etran, isAllocContext.Var(stmt.IsGhost, local));
+        TrVarDeclStmt(s, builder, locals, etran);
+      } else if (stmt is VarDeclPattern varDeclPattern) {
+        foreach (var dafnyLocal in varDeclPattern.LocalVars) {
+          var boogieLocal = new Bpl.LocalVariable(dafnyLocal.Tok,
+            new Bpl.TypedIdent(dafnyLocal.Tok, dafnyLocal.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator),
+              TrType(dafnyLocal.Type)));
+          locals.Add(boogieLocal);
+          var variableReference = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(boogieLocal.tok, boogieLocal);
+          builder.Add(new Bpl.HavocCmd(dafnyLocal.Tok, new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr>
+          {
+            variableReference
+          }));
+          var wh = GetWhereClause(dafnyLocal.Tok, variableReference, dafnyLocal.Type, etran,
+            isAllocContext.Var(varDeclPattern.IsGhost, dafnyLocal));
           if (wh != null) {
-            builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(local.Tok, wh));
+            builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(dafnyLocal.Tok, wh));
           }
         }
+
         var varNameGen = CurrentIdGenerator.NestedFreshIdGenerator("let#");
-        var pat = s.LHS;
-        var rhs = s.RHS;
-        var nm = varNameGen.FreshId(string.Format("#{0}#", 0));
-        var r = new Bpl.LocalVariable(pat.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(pat.tok, nm, TrType(rhs.Type)));
-        locals.Add(r);
-        var rIe = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(rhs.tok, r);
-        CheckWellformedWithResult(rhs, new WFOptions(null, false, false), rIe, pat.Expr.Type, locals, builder, etran, "variable declaration RHS");
-        CheckCasePatternShape(pat, rIe, rhs.tok, pat.Expr.Type, builder);
-        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependenciesAndExtend(etran, s.tok, pat.Expr, e => Expr.Eq(e, rIe), "variable declaration"));
+        var pat = varDeclPattern.LHS;
+        var rhs = varDeclPattern.RHS;
+        var nm = varNameGen.FreshId("#0#");
+        var boogieTupleLocal = new Bpl.LocalVariable(pat.tok, new TypedIdent(pat.tok, nm, TrType(rhs.Type)));
+        locals.Add(boogieTupleLocal);
+        var boogieTupleReference = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(rhs.tok, boogieTupleLocal);
+
+        void AddResultCommands(BoogieStmtListBuilder returnBuilder, Expression result) {
+          Contract.Assert(pat.Expr.Type != null);
+          var bResult = etran.TrExpr(result);
+          CheckSubrange(result.tok, bResult, rhs.Type, pat.Expr.Type, rhs, returnBuilder);
+          returnBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependenciesAndExtend(etran, rhs.tok, rhs,
+            e => Bpl.Expr.Eq(boogieTupleReference, AdaptBoxing(rhs.tok, e, rhs.Type, pat.Expr.Type))));
+        }
+
+        CheckWellformedWithResult(rhs, new WFOptions(null, false, false), locals, builder, etran, AddResultCommands);
+        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(rhs.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(rhs)));
+        builder.Add(new CommentCmd("CheckWellformedWithResult: any expression"));
+        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(rhs.tok, MkIs(boogieTupleReference, pat.Expr.Type)));
+
+        CheckCasePatternShape(pat, rhs, boogieTupleReference, rhs.tok, pat.Expr.Type, builder);
+        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependenciesAndExtend(etran, varDeclPattern.tok, pat.Expr,
+          e => Expr.Eq(e, boogieTupleReference), "variable declaration"));
       } else if (stmt is TryRecoverStatement haltRecoveryStatement) {
         // try/recover statements are currently internal-only AST nodes that cannot be
         // directly used in user Dafny code. They are only generated by rewriters, and verifying
@@ -514,159 +426,172 @@ private void TrStmt(Statement stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable
       }
     }
 
-    private void TrPredicateStmt(PredicateStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
-      Contract.Requires(stmt != null);
-      Contract.Requires(builder != null);
-      Contract.Requires(locals != null);
-      Contract.Requires(etran != null);
 
-      fuelContext = FuelSetting.ExpandFuelContext(stmt.Attributes, stmt.Tok, fuelContext, reporter);
-      if (stmt is AssertStmt || options.DisallowSoundnessCheating) {
-        TrAssertStmt(stmt, builder, locals, etran);
-      } else if (stmt is ExpectStmt expectStmt) {
-        TrExpectStmt(builder, locals, etran, expectStmt);
-      } else if (stmt is AssumeStmt assumeStmt) {
-        TrAssumeStmt(assumeStmt, builder, locals, etran);
+    private void TrUpdateStmt(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran, UpdateStmt statement) {
+      // This UpdateStmt can be single-target assignment, a multi-assignment, a call statement, or
+      // an array-range update.  Handle the multi-assignment here and handle the others as for .ResolvedStatements.
+      var resolved = statement.ResolvedStatements;
+      if (resolved.Count == 1) {
+        TrStmt(resolved[0], builder, locals, etran);
+      } else {
+        AddComment(builder, statement, "update statement");
+        var assignStmts = resolved.Cast<AssignStmt>().ToList();
+        var lhss = assignStmts.Select(a => a.Lhs).ToList();
+        var rhss = assignStmts.Select(a => a.Rhs).ToList();
+        // note: because we have more than one expression, we always must assign to Boogie locals in a two
+        // phase operation. Thus rhssCanAffectPreviouslyKnownExpressions is just true.
+        Contract.Assert(1 < lhss.Count);
+
+        ProcessLhss(lhss, true, false, builder, locals, etran, statement, out var lhsBuilder, out var bLhss, out var lhsObjs, out var lhsFields, out var lhsNames);
+        // We know that, because the translation saves to a local variable, that the RHS always need to
+        // generate a new local, i.e. bLhss is just all nulls.
+        Contract.Assert(Contract.ForAll(bLhss, lhs => lhs == null));
+        // This generates the assignments, and gives them to us as finalRhss.
+        var finalRhss = ProcessUpdateAssignRhss(lhss, rhss, builder, locals, etran, statement);
+        // ProcessLhss has laid down framing conditions and the ProcessUpdateAssignRhss will check subranges (nats),
+        // but we need to generate the distinctness condition (two LHS are equal only when the RHS is also
+        // equal). We need both the LHS and the RHS to do this, which is why we need to do it here.
+        CheckLhssDistinctness(finalRhss, statement.Rhss, lhss, builder, etran, lhsObjs, lhsFields, lhsNames, statement.OriginalInitialLhs);
+        // Now actually perform the assignments to the LHS.
+        for (int i = 0; i < lhss.Count; i++) {
+          lhsBuilder[i](finalRhss[i], statement.Rhss[i] is HavocRhs, builder, etran);
+        }
+        builder.AddCaptureState(statement);
       }
-      fuelContext = FuelSetting.PopFuelContext();
     }
 
-    private void TrAssumeStmt(AssumeStmt assumeStmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
-      AddComment(builder, assumeStmt, "assume statement");
-      stmtContext = StmtType.ASSUME;
-      TrStmt_CheckWellformed(assumeStmt.Expr, builder, locals, etran, false);
-      builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, assumeStmt.Tok, assumeStmt.Expr, "assume statement", true,
-        etran.TrAttributes(assumeStmt.Attributes, null)));
-      stmtContext = StmtType.NONE; // done with translating assume stmt.
-      if (options.TestGenOptions.Mode != TestGenerationOptions.Modes.None) {
-        builder.AddCaptureState(assumeStmt);
+    void TrVarDeclStmt(VarDeclStmt varDeclStmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+
+      var newLocalIds = new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr>();
+      int i = 0;
+      foreach (var local in varDeclStmt.Locals) {
+        Bpl.Type varType = TrType(local.Type);
+        Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(local.Tok,
+          new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), varType),
+          local.Type, etran, isAllocContext.Var(varDeclStmt.IsGhost, local));
+        // if needed, register definite-assignment tracking for this local
+        var needDefiniteAssignmentTracking = varDeclStmt.Update == null || varDeclStmt.Update is AssignSuchThatStmt;
+        if (varDeclStmt.Update is UpdateStmt) {
+          // there is an initial assignment, but we need to look out for "*" being that assignment
+          var us = (UpdateStmt)varDeclStmt.Update;
+          if (i < us.Rhss.Count && us.Rhss[i] is HavocRhs) {
+            needDefiniteAssignmentTracking = true;
+          }
+        }
+        if (!local.Type.IsNonempty) {
+          // This prevents generating an unsatisfiable where clause for possibly empty types
+          needDefiniteAssignmentTracking = true;
+        }
+        if (needDefiniteAssignmentTracking) {
+          var defassExpr = AddDefiniteAssignmentTracker(local, locals);
+          if (wh != null && defassExpr != null) {
+            // make the "where" expression be "defass ==> wh", because we don't want to assume anything
+            // before the variable has been assigned (for a variable that needs definite-assignment tracking
+            // in the first place)
+            wh = BplImp(defassExpr, wh);
+          }
+        }
+        // create the variable itself (now that "wh" may mention the definite-assignment tracker)
+        Bpl.LocalVariable var = new Bpl.LocalVariable(local.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), varType, wh));
+        var.Attributes = etran.TrAttributes(local.Attributes, null);
+        newLocalIds.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, var));
+        locals.Add(var);
+        i++;
+      }
+      if (varDeclStmt.Update == null) {
+        // it is necessary to do a havoc here in order to give the variable the correct allocation state
+        builder.Add(new HavocCmd(varDeclStmt.Tok, newLocalIds));
+      }
+      // processing of "assumption" variables happens after the variable is possibly havocked above
+      foreach (var local in varDeclStmt.Locals) {
+        if (Attributes.Contains(local.Attributes, "assumption")) {
+          Bpl.Type varType = TrType(local.Type);
+          builder.Add(new AssumeCmd(local.Tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), varType), new QKeyValue(local.Tok, "assumption_variable_initialization", new List<object>(), null)));
+        }
+      }
+      if (varDeclStmt.Update != null) {
+        TrStmt(varDeclStmt.Update, builder, locals, etran);
       }
     }
 
-    private void TrExpectStmt(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran, ExpectStmt expectStmt) {
-      AddComment(builder, expectStmt, "expect statement");
-      stmtContext = StmtType.ASSUME;
-      TrStmt_CheckWellformed(expectStmt.Expr, builder, locals, etran, false);
+    private void TrForallStmt(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran,
+      ForallStmt forallStmt) {
+      this.fuelContext = FuelSetting.ExpandFuelContext(forallStmt.Attributes, forallStmt.Tok, this.fuelContext, this.reporter);
 
-      // Need to check the message is well-formed, assuming the expected expression
-      // does NOT hold:
-      //
-      // if Not(TrExpr[[ s.Expr ]]) {
-      //  CheckWellformed[[ s.Message ]]
-      //  assume false;
-      // }
-      BoogieStmtListBuilder thnBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-      TrStmt_CheckWellformed(expectStmt.Message, thnBuilder, locals, etran, false);
-      thnBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(expectStmt.Tok, new Bpl.LiteralExpr(expectStmt.Tok, false),
-        etran.TrAttributes(expectStmt.Attributes, null)));
-      Bpl.StmtList thn = thnBuilder.Collect(expectStmt.Tok);
-      builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(expectStmt.Tok, Bpl.Expr.Not(etran.TrExpr(expectStmt.Expr)), thn, null, null));
-
-      stmtContext = StmtType.NONE; // done with translating expect stmt.
-    }
-
-    private void TrAssertStmt(PredicateStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
-      var stmtBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-      var defineFuel = DefineFuelConstant(stmt.Tok, stmt.Attributes, stmtBuilder, etran);
-      var b = defineFuel ? stmtBuilder : builder;
-      var (errorMessage, successMessage) = CustomErrorMessage(stmt.Attributes);
-      stmtContext = StmtType.ASSERT;
-      AddComment(b, stmt, "assert statement");
-      TrStmt_CheckWellformed(stmt.Expr, b, locals, etran, false);
-      IToken enclosingToken = null;
-      if (Attributes.Contains(stmt.Attributes, "_prependAssertToken")) {
-        enclosingToken = stmt.Tok;
-      }
-
-      BoogieStmtListBuilder proofBuilder = null;
-      var assertStmt = stmt as AssertStmt;
-      if (assertStmt != null) {
-        if (assertStmt.Proof != null) {
-          proofBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-          AddComment(proofBuilder, stmt, "assert statement proof");
-          CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
-          TrStmt(((AssertStmt)stmt).Proof, proofBuilder, locals, etran);
-          CurrentIdGenerator.Pop();
-        } else if (assertStmt.Label != null) {
-          proofBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-          AddComment(proofBuilder, stmt, "assert statement proof");
+      CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
+      if (forallStmt.Kind == ForallStmt.BodyKind.Assign) {
+        AddComment(builder, forallStmt, "forall statement (assign)");
+        Contract.Assert(forallStmt.Ens.Count == 0);
+        if (forallStmt.BoundVars.Count == 0) {
+          TrStmt(forallStmt.Body, builder, locals, etran);
+        } else {
+          var s0 = (AssignStmt)forallStmt.S0;
+          var definedness = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+          var updater = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+          DefineFuelConstant(forallStmt.Tok, forallStmt.Attributes, definedness, etran);
+          TrForallAssign(forallStmt, s0, definedness, updater, locals, etran);
+          // All done, so put the two pieces together
+          builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(forallStmt.Tok, null, definedness.Collect(forallStmt.Tok), null, updater.Collect(forallStmt.Tok)));
+          builder.AddCaptureState(forallStmt);
         }
-      }
 
-      var splits = TrSplitExpr(stmt.Expr, etran, true, out var splitHappened);
-      if (!splitHappened) {
-        var tok = enclosingToken == null ? GetToken(stmt.Expr) : new NestedToken(enclosingToken, GetToken(stmt.Expr));
-        var desc = new PODesc.AssertStatementDescription(assertStmt, errorMessage, successMessage);
-        (proofBuilder ?? b).Add(Assert(tok, etran.TrExpr(stmt.Expr), desc, stmt.Tok,
-          etran.TrAttributes(stmt.Attributes, null)));
-      } else {
-        foreach (var split in splits) {
-          if (split.IsChecked) {
-            var tok = enclosingToken == null ? split.E.tok : new NestedToken(enclosingToken, split.Tok);
-            var desc = new PODesc.AssertStatementDescription(assertStmt, errorMessage, successMessage);
-            (proofBuilder ?? b).Add(AssertNS(ToDafnyToken(flags.ReportRanges, tok), split.E, desc, stmt.Tok,
-              etran.TrAttributes(stmt.Attributes, null))); // attributes go on every split
+      } else if (forallStmt.Kind == ForallStmt.BodyKind.Call) {
+        AddComment(builder, forallStmt, "forall statement (call)");
+        Contract.Assert(forallStmt.Ens.Count == 0);
+        if (forallStmt.BoundVars.Count == 0) {
+          Contract.Assert(LiteralExpr.IsTrue(forallStmt.Range));  // follows from the invariant of ForallStmt
+          TrStmt(forallStmt.Body, builder, locals, etran);
+        } else {
+          var s0 = (CallStmt)forallStmt.S0;
+          if (Attributes.Contains(forallStmt.Attributes, "_trustWellformed")) {
+            TrForallStmtCall(forallStmt.Tok, forallStmt.BoundVars, forallStmt.Bounds, forallStmt.Range, null, forallStmt.EffectiveEnsuresClauses, s0, null, builder, locals, etran);
+          } else {
+            var definedness = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+            DefineFuelConstant(forallStmt.Tok, forallStmt.Attributes, definedness, etran);
+            var exporter = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+            TrForallStmtCall(forallStmt.Tok, forallStmt.BoundVars, forallStmt.Bounds, forallStmt.Range, null, forallStmt.EffectiveEnsuresClauses, s0, definedness, exporter, locals, etran);
+            // All done, so put the two pieces together
+            builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(forallStmt.Tok, null, definedness.Collect(forallStmt.Tok), null, exporter.Collect(forallStmt.Tok)));
           }
+          builder.AddCaptureState(forallStmt);
         }
-      }
 
-      if (proofBuilder != null) {
-        PathAsideBlock(stmt.Tok, proofBuilder, b);
-      }
-
-      stmtContext = StmtType.NONE; // done with translating assert stmt
-      if (splitHappened || proofBuilder != null) {
-        if (assertStmt != null && assertStmt.Label != null) {
-          // make copies of the variables used in the assertion
-          var name = "$Heap_at_" + assertStmt.Label.AssignUniqueId(CurrentIdGenerator);
-          var heapAt = new Bpl.LocalVariable(stmt.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(stmt.Tok, name, predef.HeapType));
-          locals.Add(heapAt);
-          var h = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(stmt.Tok, heapAt);
-          b.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(stmt.Tok, h, etran.HeapExpr));
-          var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-          foreach (var v in FreeVariablesUtil.ComputeFreeVariables(options, assertStmt.Expr)) {
-            if (v is LocalVariable) {
-              var vcopy = new LocalVariable(stmt.RangeToken, string.Format("##{0}#{1}", name, v.Name), v.Type,
-                v.IsGhost);
-              vcopy.type = vcopy.OptionalType; // resolve local here
-              IdentifierExpr ie = new IdentifierExpr(vcopy.Tok,
-                vcopy.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator));
-              ie.Var = vcopy;
-              ie.Type = ie.Var.Type; // resolve ie here
-              substMap.Add(v, ie);
-              locals.Add(new Bpl.LocalVariable(vcopy.Tok,
-                new Bpl.TypedIdent(vcopy.Tok, vcopy.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator),
-                  TrType(vcopy.Type))));
-              b.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(stmt.Tok, TrVar(stmt.Tok, vcopy), TrVar(stmt.Tok, v)));
-            }
-          }
+      } else if (forallStmt.Kind == ForallStmt.BodyKind.Proof) {
+        AddComment(builder, forallStmt, "forall statement (proof)");
+        var definedness = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+        var exporter = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+        DefineFuelConstant(forallStmt.Tok, forallStmt.Attributes, definedness, etran);
+        TrForallProof(forallStmt, definedness, exporter, locals, etran);
+        // All done, so put the two pieces together
+        builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(forallStmt.Tok, null, definedness.Collect(forallStmt.Tok), null, exporter.Collect(forallStmt.Tok)));
+        builder.AddCaptureState(forallStmt);
 
-          var exprToBeRevealed = Substitute(assertStmt.Expr, null, substMap);
-          var etr = new ExpressionTranslator(etran, h);
-          assertStmt.Label.E = etr.TrExpr(exprToBeRevealed);
-        } else if (!defineFuel) {
-          // Adding the assume stmt, resetting the stmtContext
-          stmtContext = StmtType.ASSUME;
-          adjustFuelForExists = true;
-          b.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, stmt.Tok, stmt.Expr, "assert statement", true));
-          stmtContext = StmtType.NONE;
-        }
+      } else {
+        Contract.Assert(false);  // unexpected kind
       }
+      CurrentIdGenerator.Pop();
+      this.fuelContext = FuelSetting.PopFuelContext();
+    }
 
-      if (defineFuel) {
-        var ifCmd = new Bpl.IfCmd(stmt.Tok, null, b.Collect(stmt.Tok), null,
-          null); // BUGBUG: shouldn't this first append "assume false" to "b"? (use PathAsideBlock to do this)  --KRML
-        builder.Add(ifCmd);
-        // Adding the assume stmt, resetting the stmtContext
-        stmtContext = StmtType.ASSUME;
-        adjustFuelForExists = true;
-        builder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, stmt.Tok, stmt.Expr, "assert statement", true));
-        stmtContext = StmtType.NONE;
+    private void TranslateRevealStmt(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran,
+      HideRevealStmt revealStmt) {
+      AddComment(builder, revealStmt, "hide/reveal statement");
+      foreach (var la in revealStmt.LabeledAsserts) {
+        Contract.Assert(la.E != null);  // this should have been filled in by now
+        builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(revealStmt.Tok, la.E));
       }
 
-      if (options.TestGenOptions.Mode != TestGenerationOptions.Modes.None) {
-        builder.AddCaptureState(stmt);
+      if (builder.Context.ContainsHide) {
+        if (revealStmt.Wildcard) {
+          builder.Add(new HideRevealCmd(revealStmt.Tok, revealStmt.Mode));
+        } else {
+          foreach (var member in revealStmt.OffsetMembers) {
+            builder.Add(new HideRevealCmd(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(revealStmt.Tok, member.FullSanitizedName), revealStmt.Mode));
+          }
+        }
       }
+
+      TrStmtList(revealStmt.ResolvedStatements, builder, locals, etran);
     }
 
     private void TrCalcStmt(CalcStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
@@ -708,7 +633,7 @@ private void TrCalcStmt(CalcStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Varia
         var stepCount = stmt.Hints.Last().Body.Count == 0 ? stmt.Steps.Count - 1 : stmt.Steps.Count;
         // check steps:
         for (int i = stepCount; 0 <= --i;) {
-          b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+          b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
           // assume wf[line<i>]:
           AddComment(b, stmt, "assume wf[lhs]");
           CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
@@ -722,6 +647,7 @@ private void TrCalcStmt(CalcStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Varia
           }
           // hint:
           AddComment(b, stmt, "Hint" + i.ToString());
+
           TrStmt(stmt.Hints[i], b, locals, etran);
           if (i < stmt.Steps.Count - 1) {
             // non-dummy step
@@ -732,20 +658,20 @@ private void TrCalcStmt(CalcStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Varia
               var index = ((TernaryExpr)stmt.Steps[i]).E0;
               TrStmt_CheckWellformed(index, b, locals, etran, false);
               if (index.Type.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int)) {
-                var desc = new PODesc.PrefixEqualityLimit();
+                var desc = new PODesc.PrefixEqualityLimit(index);
                 b.Add(AssertNS(index.tok, Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), etran.TrExpr(index)), desc));
               }
             }
             TrStmt_CheckWellformed(CalcStmt.Rhs(stmt.Steps[i]), b, locals, etran, false);
-            var ss = TrSplitExpr(stmt.Steps[i], etran, true, out var splitHappened);
+            var ss = TrSplitExpr(builder.Context, stmt.Steps[i], etran, true, out var splitHappened);
             // assert step:
             AddComment(b, stmt, "assert line" + i.ToString() + " " + (stmt.StepOps[i] ?? stmt.Op).ToString() + " line" + (i + 1).ToString());
             if (!splitHappened) {
-              b.Add(AssertNS(stmt.Lines[i + 1].tok, etran.TrExpr(stmt.Steps[i]), new PODesc.CalculationStep()));
+              b.Add(AssertNS(stmt.Lines[i + 1].tok, etran.TrExpr(stmt.Steps[i]), new PODesc.CalculationStep(stmt.Steps[i], stmt.Hints[i])));
             } else {
               foreach (var split in ss) {
                 if (split.IsChecked) {
-                  b.Add(AssertNS(stmt.Lines[i + 1].tok, split.E, new PODesc.CalculationStep()));
+                  b.Add(AssertNS(stmt.Lines[i + 1].tok, split.E, new PODesc.CalculationStep(stmt.Steps[i], stmt.Hints[i])));
                 }
               }
             }
@@ -755,7 +681,7 @@ private void TrCalcStmt(CalcStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Varia
           CurrentIdGenerator.Pop();
         }
         // check well formedness of the first line:
-        b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+        b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
         AddComment(b, stmt, "assert wf[initial]");
         Contract.Assert(stmt.Result != null); // established by the resolver
         TrStmt_CheckWellformed(CalcStmt.Lhs(stmt.Result), b, locals, etran, false);
@@ -781,13 +707,13 @@ private void TrMatchStmt(MatchStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Var
 
       TrStmt_CheckWellformed(stmt.Source, builder, locals, etran, true);
       Bpl.Expr source = etran.TrExpr(stmt.Source);
-      var b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
       b.Add(TrAssumeCmd(stmt.Tok, Bpl.Expr.False));
       Bpl.StmtList els = b.Collect(stmt.Tok);
       Bpl.IfCmd ifCmd = null;
       foreach (var missingCtor in stmt.MissingCases) {
         // havoc all bound variables
-        b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+        b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
         List<Variable> newLocals = new List<Variable>();
         Bpl.Expr r = CtorInvocation(stmt.Tok, missingCtor, etran, newLocals, b);
         locals.AddRange(newLocals);
@@ -812,7 +738,7 @@ private void TrMatchStmt(MatchStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Var
         var mc = (MatchCaseStmt)stmt.Cases[i];
         CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
         // havoc all bound variables
-        b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+        b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
         List<Variable> newLocals = new List<Variable>();
         Bpl.Expr r = CtorInvocation(mc, stmt.Source.Type, etran, newLocals, b, stmt.IsGhost ? NOALLOC : ISALLOC);
         locals.AddRange(newLocals);
@@ -826,7 +752,7 @@ private void TrMatchStmt(MatchStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Var
         }
 
         // translate the body into b
-        var prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount = definiteAssignmentTrackers.Count;
+        var prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount = DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Count;
         TrStmtList(mc.Body, b, locals, etran);
         RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTrackers(mc.Body, prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount);
 
@@ -921,7 +847,7 @@ private void TrForLoop(ForLoopStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Var
 
       // check lo <= hi
       if (lo != null && hi != null) {
-        builder.Add(Assert(lo.tok, Bpl.Expr.Le(bLo, bHi), new PODesc.ForRangeBoundsValid()));
+        builder.Add(Assert(lo.tok, Bpl.Expr.Le(bLo, bHi), new PODesc.ForRangeBoundsValid(lo, hi)));
       }
       // check forall x :: lo <= x <= hi ==> Is(x, typ)
       {
@@ -934,12 +860,32 @@ private void TrForLoop(ForLoopStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Var
         var name = indexVarName + "#x";
         var xVar = new Bpl.LocalVariable(tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(tok, name, Bpl.Type.Int));
         var x = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(tok, name);
-        var cre = GetSubrangeCheck(x, Type.Int, indexVar.Type, out var desc);
+
+        var sourceBoundVar = new BoundVar(Token.NoToken, "x", Type.Int);
+        var checkContext = MakeNumericBoundsSubrangeCheckContext(sourceBoundVar, dLo, dHi);
+        var cre = GetSubrangeCheck(
+          x.tok, x, Type.Int, indexVar.Type,
+          new IdentifierExpr(Token.NoToken, sourceBoundVar),
+          checkContext, out var desc);
+
         if (cre != null) {
           locals.Add(xVar);
           builder.Add(new Bpl.HavocCmd(tok, new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr>() { x }));
           builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(tok, ForLoopBounds(x, bLo, bHi)));
-          builder.Add(Assert(tok, cre, new PODesc.ForRangeAssignable(desc)));
+          List<Expression> dafnyRangeBounds = new();
+          if (lo != null) {
+            dafnyRangeBounds.Add(new BinaryExpr(stmt.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, lo, dIndex));
+          }
+          if (hi != null) {
+            dafnyRangeBounds.Add(new BinaryExpr(stmt.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, dIndex, hi));
+          }
+
+          Expression dafnyRange = dafnyRangeBounds.Count == 1
+            ? dafnyRangeBounds[0]
+            : new BinaryExpr(stmt.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And, dafnyRangeBounds[0], dafnyRangeBounds[1]);
+          var dafnyAssertion = new ForallExpr(stmt.tok, stmt.RangeToken, new List<BoundVar> { indexVar },
+            dafnyRange, new TypeTestExpr(indexVar.tok, dIndex, indexVar.Type), null);
+          builder.Add(Assert(tok, cre, new PODesc.ForRangeAssignable(desc, dafnyAssertion)));
         }
       }
 
@@ -976,6 +922,27 @@ private void TrForLoop(ForLoopStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Var
       TrLoop(stmt, guard, bodyTr, builder, locals, etran, freeInvariant, stmt.Decreases.Expressions.Count != 0);
     }
 
+    private static SubrangeCheckContext MakeNumericBoundsSubrangeCheckContext(BoundVar bvar, Expression lo, Expression hi) {
+      var source = new IdentifierExpr(Token.NoToken, bvar);
+      var loBound = lo == null ? null : new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, lo, source);
+      var hiBound = hi == null ? null : new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, source, hi);
+      var bounds = (loBound, hiBound) switch {
+        (not null, not null) => new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And, loBound, hiBound),
+        (not null, null) => loBound,
+        (null, not null) => hiBound,
+      };
+      Expression CheckContext(Expression check) => new ForallExpr(
+        Token.NoToken,
+        RangeToken.NoToken,
+        new() { bvar },
+        bounds,
+        check,
+        null
+      );
+
+      return CheckContext;
+    }
+
     private void TrWhileStmt(WhileStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
       Contract.Requires(stmt != null);
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
@@ -1012,7 +979,7 @@ private void TrIfStmt(IfStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable>
         guard = stmt.IsBindingGuard ? ((ExistsExpr)stmt.Guard).AlphaRename("eg$") : stmt.Guard;
         TrStmt_CheckWellformed(guard, builder, locals, etran, true);
       }
-      BoogieStmtListBuilder b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
       if (stmt.IsBindingGuard) {
         CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
         var exists = (ExistsExpr)stmt.Guard; // the original (that is, not alpha-renamed) guard
@@ -1020,11 +987,11 @@ private void TrIfStmt(IfStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable>
         CurrentIdGenerator.Pop();
       }
       CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
-      Bpl.StmtList thn = TrStmt2StmtList(b, stmt.Thn, locals, etran);
+      Bpl.StmtList thn = TrStmt2StmtList(b, stmt.Thn, locals, etran, stmt.Thn is not BlockStmt);
       CurrentIdGenerator.Pop();
       Bpl.StmtList els;
       Bpl.IfCmd elsIf = null;
-      b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
       if (stmt.IsBindingGuard) {
         b.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependenciesAndExtend(etran, guard.tok, guard, Expr.Not, "if statement binding guard"));
       }
@@ -1032,7 +999,7 @@ private void TrIfStmt(IfStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable>
         els = b.Collect(stmt.Tok);
       } else {
         CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
-        els = TrStmt2StmtList(b, stmt.Els, locals, etran);
+        els = TrStmt2StmtList(b, stmt.Els, locals, etran, stmt.Els is not BlockStmt);
         CurrentIdGenerator.Pop();
         if (els.BigBlocks.Count == 1) {
           Bpl.BigBlock bb = els.BigBlocks[0];
@@ -1045,8 +1012,8 @@ private void TrIfStmt(IfStmt stmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable>
       builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(stmt.Tok, guard == null || stmt.IsBindingGuard ? null : etran.TrExpr(guard), thn, elsIf, els));
     }
 
-
-    void TrForallProof(ForallStmt s, BoogieStmtListBuilder definedness, BoogieStmtListBuilder exporter, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    void TrForallProof(ForallStmt forallStmt, BoogieStmtListBuilder definedness, BoogieStmtListBuilder exporter,
+      List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
       // Translate:
       //   forall (x,y | Range(x,y))
       //     ensures Post(x,y);
@@ -1067,58 +1034,58 @@ void TrForallProof(ForallStmt s, BoogieStmtListBuilder definedness, BoogieStmtLi
       //     assume (forall x,y :: Range(x,y) ==> Post(x,y));
       //   }
 
-      if (s.BoundVars.Count != 0) {
+      if (forallStmt.BoundVars.Count != 0) {
         // Note, it would be nicer (and arguably more appropriate) to do a SetupBoundVarsAsLocals
         // here (rather than a TrBoundVariables).  However, there is currently no way to apply
         // a substMap to a statement (in particular, to s.Body), so that doesn't work here.
-        List<bool> freeOfAlloc = BoundedPool.HasBounds(s.Bounds, BoundedPool.PoolVirtues.IndependentOfAlloc_or_ExplicitAlloc);
+        List<bool> freeOfAlloc = BoundedPool.HasBounds(forallStmt.Bounds, BoundedPool.PoolVirtues.IndependentOfAlloc_or_ExplicitAlloc);
 
         var bVars = new List<Variable>();
-        var typeAntecedent = etran.TrBoundVariables(s.BoundVars, bVars, true, freeOfAlloc);
+        var typeAntecedent = etran.TrBoundVariables(forallStmt.BoundVars, bVars, true, freeOfAlloc);
         locals.AddRange(bVars);
         var havocIds = new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr>();
         foreach (Bpl.Variable bv in bVars) {
-          havocIds.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(s.Tok, bv));
+          havocIds.Add(new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(forallStmt.Tok, bv));
         }
-        definedness.Add(new Bpl.HavocCmd(s.Tok, havocIds));
-        definedness.Add(TrAssumeCmd(s.Tok, typeAntecedent));
+        definedness.Add(new Bpl.HavocCmd(forallStmt.Tok, havocIds));
+        definedness.Add(TrAssumeCmd(forallStmt.Tok, typeAntecedent));
       }
-      TrStmt_CheckWellformed(s.Range, definedness, locals, etran, false);
-      definedness.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, s.Range.tok, s.Range, "forall statement range"));
+      TrStmt_CheckWellformed(forallStmt.Range, definedness, locals, etran, false);
+      definedness.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, forallStmt.Range.tok, forallStmt.Range, "forall statement range"));
 
-      var ensuresDefinedness = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-      foreach (var ens in s.Ens) {
+      var ensuresDefinedness = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, definedness.Context);
+      foreach (var ens in forallStmt.Ens) {
         TrStmt_CheckWellformed(ens.E, ensuresDefinedness, locals, etran, false);
         ensuresDefinedness.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, ens.E.tok, ens.E, "forall statement ensures clause"));
       }
-      PathAsideBlock(s.Tok, ensuresDefinedness, definedness);
+      PathAsideBlock(forallStmt.Tok, ensuresDefinedness, definedness);
 
-      if (s.Body != null) {
-        TrStmt(s.Body, definedness, locals, etran);
+      if (forallStmt.Body != null) {
+        TrStmt(forallStmt.Body, definedness, locals, etran);
 
         // check that postconditions hold
-        foreach (var ens in s.Ens) {
-          foreach (var split in TrSplitExpr(ens.E, etran, true, out var splitHappened)) {
+        foreach (var ens in forallStmt.Ens) {
+          foreach (var split in TrSplitExpr(definedness.Context, ens.E, etran, true, out var splitHappened)) {
             if (split.IsChecked) {
-              definedness.Add(Assert(split.Tok, split.E, new PODesc.ForallPostcondition()));
+              definedness.Add(Assert(split.Tok, split.E, new PODesc.ForallPostcondition(ens.E)));
             }
           }
         }
       }
 
-      definedness.Add(TrAssumeCmd(s.Tok, Bpl.Expr.False));
+      definedness.Add(TrAssumeCmd(forallStmt.Tok, Bpl.Expr.False));
 
       // Now for the other branch, where the ensures clauses are exported.
       // If the forall body has side effect such as call to a reveal function,
       // it needs to be exported too.
-      var se = s.Body == null ? Bpl.Expr.True : TrFunctionSideEffect(s.Body, etran);
+      var se = forallStmt.Body == null ? Bpl.Expr.True : TrFunctionSideEffect(forallStmt.Body, etran);
       var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-      var p = Substitute(s.EffectiveEnsuresClauses[0], null, substMap);
+      var p = Substitute(forallStmt.EffectiveEnsuresClauses[0], null, substMap);
       var qq = etran.TrExpr(p);
-      if (s.BoundVars.Count != 0) {
-        exporter.Add(TrAssumeCmd(s.Tok, BplAnd(se, qq)));
+      if (forallStmt.BoundVars.Count != 0) {
+        exporter.Add(TrAssumeCmd(forallStmt.Tok, BplAnd(se, qq)));
       } else {
-        exporter.Add(TrAssumeCmd(s.Tok, BplAnd(se, ((Bpl.ForallExpr)qq).Body)));
+        exporter.Add(TrAssumeCmd(forallStmt.Tok, BplAnd(se, ((Bpl.ForallExpr)qq).Body)));
       }
     }
 
@@ -1226,8 +1193,15 @@ void TrForallAssign(ForallStmt s, AssignStmt s0,
       var lhs = Substitute(s0.Lhs.Resolved, null, substMap);
       TrStmt_CheckWellformed(lhs, definedness, locals, etran, false);
       string description = GetObjFieldDetails(lhs, etran, out var obj, out var F);
+      var (lhsObj, lhsField) = lhs switch {
+        MemberSelectExpr e => (e.Obj, e.Member as Field),
+        SeqSelectExpr e => (e.Seq, null),
+        MultiSelectExpr e => (e.Array, null),
+        _ => throw new cce.UnreachableException()
+      };
+      var desc = new PODesc.Modifiable(description, GetContextModifiesFrames(), lhsObj, lhsField);
       definedness.Add(Assert(lhs.tok, Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(lhs.tok, etran.ModifiesFrame(lhs.tok), obj, F),
-        new PODesc.Modifiable(description)));
+        desc));
       if (s0.Rhs is ExprRhs) {
         var r = (ExprRhs)s0.Rhs;
         var rhs = Substitute(r.Expr, null, substMap);
@@ -1242,12 +1216,11 @@ void TrForallAssign(ForallStmt s, AssignStmt s0,
           lhsType = ((MultiSelectExpr)lhs).Type;
         }
         var translatedRhs = etran.TrExpr(rhs);
-        CheckSubrange(r.Tok, translatedRhs, rhs.Type, lhsType, definedness);
+        CheckSubrange(r.Tok, translatedRhs, rhs.Type, lhsType, rhs, definedness);
         if (lhs is MemberSelectExpr) {
           var fse = (MemberSelectExpr)lhs;
-          var field = fse.Member as Field;
-          Contract.Assert(field != null);
-          Check_NewRestrictions(fse.tok, obj, field, translatedRhs, definedness, etran);
+          Contract.Assert(lhsField != null);
+          Check_NewRestrictions(fse.tok, fse.Obj, obj, lhsField, translatedRhs, definedness, etran);
         }
       }
 
@@ -1270,11 +1243,18 @@ void TrForallAssign(ForallStmt s, AssignStmt s0,
         var Rhs = ((ExprRhs)s0.Rhs).Expr;
         var rhs = etran.TrExpr(Substitute(Rhs, null, substMap));
         var rhsPrime = etran.TrExpr(Substitute(Rhs, null, substMapPrime));
+        var lhsComponents = new List<Expression> { lhsObj };
+        if (lhs is SeqSelectExpr sse) {
+          lhsComponents.Add(sse.E0);
+        } else if (lhs is MultiSelectExpr multi) {
+          lhsComponents.AddRange(multi.Indices);
+        }
+
         definedness.Add(Assert(s0.Tok,
           BplOr(
             BplOr(Bpl.Expr.Neq(obj, objPrime), Bpl.Expr.Neq(F, FPrime)),
             Bpl.Expr.Eq(rhs, rhsPrime)),
-          new PODesc.ForallLHSUnique()));
+          new PODesc.ForallLHSUnique(s.BoundVars, s.Range, lhsComponents, Rhs)));
       }
 
       definedness.Add(TrAssumeCmd(s.Tok, Bpl.Expr.False));
@@ -1382,6 +1362,8 @@ void TrLoop(LoopStmt s, Expression Guard, BodyTranslator/*?*/ bodyTr,
       Contract.Requires(locals != null);
       Contract.Requires(etran != null);
 
+      s.ScopeDepth = builder.Context.ScopeDepth;
+
       var suffix = CurrentIdGenerator.FreshId("loop#");
 
       var theDecreases = s.Decreases.Expressions;
@@ -1391,7 +1373,7 @@ void TrLoop(LoopStmt s, Expression Guard, BodyTranslator/*?*/ bodyTr,
       Bpl.IdentifierExpr preLoopHeap = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(s.Tok, preLoopHeapVar);
       ExpressionTranslator etranPreLoop = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, preLoopHeap, etran.scope);
       ExpressionTranslator updatedFrameEtran;
-      string loopFrameName = "$Frame$" + suffix;
+      string loopFrameName = FrameVariablePrefix + suffix;
       if (s.Mod.Expressions != null) {
         updatedFrameEtran = etran.WithModifiesFrame(loopFrameName);
       } else {
@@ -1400,13 +1382,14 @@ void TrLoop(LoopStmt s, Expression Guard, BodyTranslator/*?*/ bodyTr,
 
       if (s.Mod.Expressions != null) { // check well-formedness and that the modifies is a subset
         CheckFrameWellFormed(new WFOptions(), s.Mod.Expressions, locals, builder, etran);
-        CheckFrameSubset(s.Tok, s.Mod.Expressions, null, null, etran, etran.ModifiesFrame(s.Tok), builder, new PODesc.ModifyFrameSubset("loop modifies clause"), null);
+        var desc = new PODesc.ModifyFrameSubset("loop modifies clause", s.Mod.Expressions, GetContextModifiesFrames());
+        CheckFrameSubset(s.Tok, s.Mod.Expressions, null, null, etran, etran.ModifiesFrame(s.Tok), builder, desc, null);
         DefineFrame(s.Tok, etran.ModifiesFrame(s.Tok), s.Mod.Expressions, builder, locals, loopFrameName);
       }
       builder.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(s.Tok, preLoopHeap, etran.HeapExpr));
 
       var daTrackersMonotonicity = new List<Tuple<Bpl.IdentifierExpr, Bpl.IdentifierExpr>>();
-      foreach (var dat in definiteAssignmentTrackers.Values) {  // TODO: the order is non-deterministic and may change between invocations of Dafny
+      foreach (var dat in DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Values) {  // TODO: the order is non-deterministic and may change between invocations of Dafny
         var preLoopDat = new Bpl.LocalVariable(dat.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(dat.tok, "preLoop$" + suffix + "$" + dat.Name, dat.Type));
         locals.Add(preLoopDat);
         var ie = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(s.Tok, preLoopDat);
@@ -1431,22 +1414,22 @@ void TrLoop(LoopStmt s, Expression Guard, BodyTranslator/*?*/ bodyTr,
       if (freeInvariant != null) {
         invariants.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(freeInvariant.tok, freeInvariant));
       }
-      BoogieStmtListBuilder invDefinednessBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder invDefinednessBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
       foreach (AttributedExpression loopInv in s.Invariants) {
         var (errorMessage, successMessage) = CustomErrorMessage(loopInv.Attributes);
         TrStmt_CheckWellformed(loopInv.E, invDefinednessBuilder, locals, etran, false);
         invDefinednessBuilder.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, loopInv.E.tok, loopInv.E, "loop invariant"));
 
         invariants.Add(TrAssumeCmd(loopInv.E.tok, BplImp(w, etran.CanCallAssumption(loopInv.E))));
-        var ss = TrSplitExpr(loopInv.E, etran, false, out var splitHappened);
+        var ss = TrSplitExpr(builder.Context, loopInv.E, etran, false, out var splitHappened);
         if (!splitHappened) {
           var wInv = BplImp(w, etran.TrExpr(loopInv.E));
-          invariants.Add(Assert(loopInv.E.tok, wInv, new PODesc.LoopInvariant(errorMessage, successMessage)));
+          invariants.Add(Assert(loopInv.E.tok, wInv, new PODesc.LoopInvariant(loopInv.E, errorMessage, successMessage)));
         } else {
           foreach (var split in ss) {
             var wInv = Bpl.Expr.Binary(split.E.tok, BinaryOperator.Opcode.Imp, w, split.E);
             if (split.IsChecked) {
-              invariants.Add(Assert(split.Tok, wInv, new PODesc.LoopInvariant(errorMessage, successMessage)));  // TODO: it would be fine to have this use {:subsumption 0}
+              invariants.Add(Assert(split.Tok, wInv, new PODesc.LoopInvariant(loopInv.E, errorMessage, successMessage)));  // TODO: it would be fine to have this use {:subsumption 0}
             } else {
               var cmd = TrAssumeCmd(split.E.tok, wInv);
               proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(cmd, loopInv.E.tok, new InvariantDependency(loopInv.E));
@@ -1498,18 +1481,24 @@ void TrLoop(LoopStmt s, Expression Guard, BodyTranslator/*?*/ bodyTr,
       // include a free invariant that says that all completed iterations so far have only decreased the termination metric
       if (initDecr != null) {
         var toks = new List<IToken>();
-        var types = new List<Type>();
         var decrs = new List<Expr>();
+        var decrsDafny = new List<Expression>();
+        var initDecrsDafny = new List<Expression>();
+        var prevGhostLocals = new List<VarDeclStmt>();
         foreach (Expression e in theDecreases) {
           toks.Add(e.tok);
-          types.Add(e.Type.NormalizeExpand());
+          decrsDafny.Add(e);
           decrs.Add(etran.TrExpr(e));
+          var (prevVars, eInit) = TranslateToLoopEntry(s, e, "LoopEntry");
+          prevGhostLocals.AddRange(prevVars);
+          initDecrsDafny.Add(eInit);
         }
-        Bpl.Expr decrCheck = DecreasesCheck(toks, types, types, decrs, initDecr, null, null, true, false);
+        Bpl.Expr decrCheck = DecreasesCheck(toks, prevGhostLocals, decrsDafny, initDecrsDafny, decrs, initDecr,
+          null, null, true, false);
         invariants.Add(TrAssumeCmd(s.Tok, decrCheck));
       }
 
-      var loopBodyBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var loopBodyBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
       loopBodyBuilder.AddCaptureState(s.Tok, true, CaptureStateExtensions.AfterLoopIterationsStateMarker);
 
       // As the first thing inside the loop, generate:  if (!w) { CheckWellformed(inv); assume false; }
@@ -1523,13 +1512,13 @@ void TrLoop(LoopStmt s, Expression Guard, BodyTranslator/*?*/ bodyTr,
       // in methods GuardAlwaysHoldsOnEntry_BodyLessLoop and GuardAlwaysHoldsOnEntry_LoopWithBody in
       // Test/dafny0/DirtyLoops.dfy.)
       var isBodyLessLoop = s is OneBodyLoopStmt { BodySurrogate: { } };
-      var whereToBuildLoopGuard = isBodyLessLoop ? new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options) : loopBodyBuilder;
+      var whereToBuildLoopGuard = isBodyLessLoop ? new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context) : loopBodyBuilder;
       Bpl.Expr guard = null;
       if (Guard != null) {
         TrStmt_CheckWellformed(Guard, whereToBuildLoopGuard, locals, etran, true);
         guard = Bpl.Expr.Not(etran.TrExpr(Guard));
       }
-      var guardBreak = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var guardBreak = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
       guardBreak.Add(new Bpl.BreakCmd(s.Tok, null));
       whereToBuildLoopGuard.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(s.Tok, guard, guardBreak.Collect(s.Tok), null, null));
       if (isBodyLessLoop) {
@@ -1547,17 +1536,26 @@ void TrLoop(LoopStmt s, Expression Guard, BodyTranslator/*?*/ bodyTr,
           bodyTr(loopBodyBuilder, updatedFrameEtran);
           // check definedness of decreases expressions
           var toks = new List<IToken>();
-          var types = new List<Type>();
           var decrs = new List<Expr>();
+          var decrsDafny = new List<Expression>();
+          var initDecrsDafny = new List<Expression>();
+          var prevGhostLocals = new List<VarDeclStmt>();
           foreach (Expression e in theDecreases) {
             toks.Add(e.tok);
-            types.Add(e.Type.NormalizeExpand());
+            // Note: the label "LoopEntry" doesn't exist in the program, and is
+            // useful only for explanatory purposes.
+            decrsDafny.Add(e);
+            var (prevVars, eInit) = TranslateToLoopEntry(s, e, "LoopEntry");
+            prevGhostLocals.AddRange(prevVars);
+            initDecrsDafny.Add(eInit);
             decrs.Add(etran.TrExpr(e));
           }
           if (includeTerminationCheck) {
             AddComment(loopBodyBuilder, s, "loop termination check");
-            Bpl.Expr decrCheck = DecreasesCheck(toks, types, types, decrs, oldBfs, loopBodyBuilder, " at end of loop iteration", false, false);
-            loopBodyBuilder.Add(Assert(s.Tok, decrCheck, new PODesc.Terminates(s.InferredDecreases, true)));
+            Bpl.Expr decrCheck = DecreasesCheck(toks, prevGhostLocals, decrsDafny, initDecrsDafny, decrs, oldBfs,
+              loopBodyBuilder, " at end of loop iteration", false, false);
+            loopBodyBuilder.Add(Assert(s.Tok, decrCheck, new
+              PODesc.Terminates(s.InferredDecreases, prevGhostLocals, null, initDecrsDafny, theDecreases, false)));
           }
         }
       } else if (isBodyLessLoop) {
@@ -1584,6 +1582,40 @@ void TrLoop(LoopStmt s, Expression Guard, BodyTranslator/*?*/ bodyTr,
       builder.Add(new Bpl.WhileCmd(s.Tok, Bpl.Expr.True, invariants, new List<CallCmd>(), body));
     }
 
+    // Return the version of e that holds at the beginnging of the loop,
+    // Along with the local variable assignments that need to happen at
+    // the beginning of the loop for it to be valid.
+    private (List<VarDeclStmt>, Expression) TranslateToLoopEntry(LoopStmt loop, Expression e, string loopLabel) {
+      var prevGhostLocals = new List<VarDeclStmt>();
+      Expression olde = new OldExpr(e.tok, e, loopLabel) {
+        Type = e.Type
+      };
+
+      var subStmts = TransitiveSubstatements(loop);
+      var modifiedVars =
+        subStmts
+          .OfType<AssignStmt>()
+          .Select(s => s.Lhs)
+          .OfType<IdentifierExpr>();
+      foreach (var ie in modifiedVars) {
+        var prevName = $"prev_{ie.Name}";
+        var prevDecl = Statement.CreateLocalVariable(RangeToken.NoToken, prevName, ie);
+        var prevRef = Expression.CreateIdentExpr(prevDecl.Locals[0]);
+        olde = Substitute(olde, ie.Var, prevRef);
+        prevGhostLocals.Add(prevDecl);
+      }
+
+      return (prevGhostLocals, olde);
+
+    }
+
+    IEnumerable<Statement> TransitiveSubstatements(Statement s) {
+      yield return s;
+      foreach (var ss in s.SubStatements.SelectMany(TransitiveSubstatements)) {
+        yield return ss;
+      }
+    }
+
     void InsertContinueTarget(LoopStmt loop, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
       Contract.Requires(loop != null);
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
@@ -1592,20 +1624,15 @@ void InsertContinueTarget(LoopStmt loop, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
       }
     }
 
-    void TrAlternatives(List<GuardedAlternative> alternatives, Bpl.Cmd elseCase0, Bpl.StructuredCmd elseCase1,
+    void TrAlternatives(List<GuardedAlternative> alternatives, IToken elseToken, Action<BoogieStmtListBuilder> buildElseCase,
                         BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran, bool isGhost) {
       Contract.Requires(alternatives != null);
-      Contract.Requires((elseCase0 == null) != (elseCase1 == null));  // ugly way of doing a type union
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
       Contract.Requires(locals != null);
       Contract.Requires(etran != null);
 
       if (alternatives.Count == 0) {
-        if (elseCase0 != null) {
-          builder.Add(elseCase0);
-        } else {
-          builder.Add(elseCase1);
-        }
+        buildElseCase(builder);
         return;
       }
 
@@ -1614,27 +1641,22 @@ void TrAlternatives(List<GuardedAlternative> alternatives, Bpl.Cmd elseCase0, Bp
 
       // build the negation of the disjunction of all guards (that is, the conjunction of their negations)
       Bpl.Expr noGuard = Bpl.Expr.True;
-      var b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
       foreach (var g in guards) {
         b.Add(TrAssumeCmd(g.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(g)));
         noGuard = BplAnd(noGuard, Bpl.Expr.Not(etran.TrExpr(g)));
       }
 
-      var elseTok = elseCase0 != null ? elseCase0.tok : elseCase1.tok;
-      b.Add(TrAssumeCmd(elseTok, noGuard));
-      if (elseCase0 != null) {
-        b.Add(elseCase0);
-      } else {
-        b.Add(elseCase1);
-      }
-      Bpl.StmtList els = b.Collect(elseTok);
+      b.Add(TrAssumeCmd(elseToken, noGuard));
+      buildElseCase(b);
+      Bpl.StmtList els = b.Collect(elseToken);
 
       Bpl.IfCmd elsIf = null;
       for (int i = alternatives.Count; 0 <= --i;) {
         Contract.Assert(elsIf == null || els == null);  // loop invariant
         CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
         var alternative = alternatives[i];
-        b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+        b = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
         TrStmt_CheckWellformed(guards[i], b, locals, etran, true);
         if (alternative.IsBindingGuard) {
           var exists = (ExistsExpr)alternative.Guard;  // the original (that is, not alpha-renamed) guard
@@ -1642,8 +1664,8 @@ void TrAlternatives(List<GuardedAlternative> alternatives, Bpl.Cmd elseCase0, Bp
         } else {
           b.Add(TrAssumeCmdWithDependencies(etran, alternative.Guard.tok, alternative.Guard, "alternative guard"));
         }
-        var prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount = definiteAssignmentTrackers.Count;
-        TrStmtList(alternative.Body, b, locals, etran);
+        var prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount = DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Count;
+        TrStmtList(alternative.Body, b, locals, etran, alternative.RangeToken);
         RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTrackers(alternative.Body, prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount);
         Bpl.StmtList thn = b.Collect(alternative.Tok);
         elsIf = new Bpl.IfCmd(alternative.Tok, null, thn, elsIf, els);
@@ -1723,7 +1745,7 @@ void TrCallStmt(CallStmt s, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals
         }
 
         Bpl.Expr bRhs = bLhss[i];  // the RHS (bRhs) of the assignment to the actual call-LHS (lhs) was a LHS (bLhss[i]) in the Boogie call statement
-        CheckSubrange(lhs.tok, bRhs, s.Method.Outs[i].Type.Subst(tySubst), rhsTypeConstraint, builder);
+        CheckSubrange(lhs.tok, bRhs, s.Method.Outs[i].Type.Subst(tySubst), rhsTypeConstraint, null, builder);
         bRhs = CondApplyBox(lhs.tok, bRhs, lhs.Type, lhsType);
 
         lhsBuilders[i](bRhs, false, builder, etran);
@@ -1776,31 +1798,28 @@ void ProcessCallStmt(CallStmt cs, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, Bpl.E
         }
       }
 
-      MethodTranslationKind kind;
+      bool isCoCall = false;
       var callee = method;
       if (method is ExtremeLemma && isRecursiveCall) {
-        kind = MethodTranslationKind.CoCall;
+        isCoCall = true;
         callee = ((ExtremeLemma)method).PrefixLemma;
       } else if (method is PrefixLemma) {
         // an explicit call to a prefix lemma is allowed only inside the SCC of the corresponding greatest lemma,
         // so we consider this to be a co-call
-        kind = MethodTranslationKind.CoCall;
-      } else {
-        kind = MethodTranslationKind.Call;
+        isCoCall = true;
       }
 
-
       var ins = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
       if (callee is TwoStateLemma) {
         ins.Add(etran.OldAt(atLabel).HeapExpr);
         ins.Add(etran.HeapExpr);
       }
       // Add type arguments
-      ins.AddRange(trTypeArgs(tySubst, tyArgs));
+      ins.AddRange(TrTypeArgs(tySubst, tyArgs));
 
       // Translate receiver argument, if any
       Expression receiver = bReceiver == null ? dafnyReceiver : new BoogieWrapper(bReceiver, dafnyReceiver.Type);
-      if (!method.IsStatic && !(method is Constructor)) {
+      if (!method.IsStatic && method is not Constructor) {
         if (bReceiver == null) {
           TrStmt_CheckWellformed(dafnyReceiver, builder, locals, etran, true);
           if (!(dafnyReceiver is ThisExpr)) {
@@ -1823,10 +1842,11 @@ void ProcessCallStmt(CallStmt cs, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, Bpl.E
       // store the actual parameters.
       // Create a local variable for each formal parameter, and assign each actual parameter to the corresponding local
       var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
+      var directSubstMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
       for (int i = 0; i < callee.Ins.Count; i++) {
         var formal = callee.Ins[i];
         var local = new LocalVariable(formal.RangeToken, formal.Name + "#", formal.Type.Subst(tySubst), formal.IsGhost);
-        local.type = local.OptionalType;  // resolve local here
+        local.type = local.SyntacticType;  // resolve local here
         var ie = new IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator));
         ie.Var = local; ie.Type = ie.Var.Type;  // resolve ie here
         substMap.Add(formal, ie);
@@ -1834,10 +1854,12 @@ void ProcessCallStmt(CallStmt cs, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, Bpl.E
 
         var param = (Bpl.IdentifierExpr)etran.TrExpr(ie);  // TODO: is this cast always justified?
         Bpl.Expr bActual;
+        Expression dActual;
         if (i == 0 && method is ExtremeLemma && isRecursiveCall) {
           // Treat this call to M(args) as a call to the corresponding prefix lemma M#(_k - 1, args), so insert an argument here.
           var k = ((PrefixLemma)callee).K;
           var bplK = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(k.tok, k.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator), TrType(k.Type));
+          dActual = Expression.CreateSubtract(Expression.CreateIdentExpr(k), Expression.CreateNatLiteral(k.tok, 1, k.Type));
           if (k.Type.IsBigOrdinalType) {
             bActual = FunctionCall(k.tok, "ORD#Minus", predef.BigOrdinalType,
               bplK,
@@ -1858,12 +1880,14 @@ void ProcessCallStmt(CallStmt cs, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, Bpl.E
           builder.Add(new CommentCmd("ProcessCallStmt: CheckSubrange"));
           // Check the subrange without boxing
           var beforeBox = etran.TrExpr(actual);
-          CheckSubrange(actual.tok, beforeBox, actual.Type, formal.Type.Subst(tySubst), builder);
-          bActual = CondApplyBox(actual.tok, beforeBox, actual.Type, formal.Type.Subst(tySubst));
+          CheckSubrange(actual.tok, beforeBox, actual.Type, formal.Type.Subst(tySubst), actual, builder);
+          bActual = AdaptBoxing(actual.tok, beforeBox, actual.Type, formal.Type.Subst(tySubst));
+          dActual = actual;
         }
+        directSubstMap.Add(formal, dActual);
         Bpl.Cmd cmd = Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(formal.tok, param, bActual);
         builder.Add(cmd);
-        ins.Add(CondApplyBox(ToDafnyToken(flags.ReportRanges, param.tok), param, formal.Type.Subst(tySubst), formal.Type));
+        ins.Add(AdaptBoxing(ToDafnyToken(flags.ReportRanges, param.tok), param, formal.Type.Subst(tySubst), formal.Type));
       }
 
       // Check that every parameter is available in the state in which the method is invoked; this means checking that it has
@@ -1875,7 +1899,7 @@ void ProcessCallStmt(CallStmt cs, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, Bpl.E
         if (!method.IsStatic && !(method is Constructor)) {
           Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(receiver.tok, etran.TrExpr(receiver), receiver.Type, etran, ISALLOC, true);
           if (wh != null) {
-            var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver argument", "in the state in which the method is invoked");
+            var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver argument", "in the state in which the method is invoked", receiver);
             builder.Add(Assert(receiver.tok, wh, desc));
           }
         }
@@ -1883,7 +1907,7 @@ void ProcessCallStmt(CallStmt cs, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, Bpl.E
           Expression ee = Args[i];
           Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(ee.tok, etran.TrExpr(ee), ee.Type, etran, ISALLOC, true);
           if (wh != null) {
-            var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("argument", "in the state in which the method is invoked");
+            var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("argument", "in the state in which the method is invoked", ee);
             builder.Add(Assert(ee.tok, wh, desc));
           }
         }
@@ -1891,7 +1915,7 @@ void ProcessCallStmt(CallStmt cs, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, Bpl.E
         if (!method.IsStatic) {
           Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(receiver.tok, etran.TrExpr(receiver), receiver.Type, etran.OldAt(atLabel), ISALLOC, true);
           if (wh != null) {
-            var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver argument", "in the two-state lemma's previous state");
+            var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated("receiver argument", "in the two-state lemma's previous state", receiver, atLabel);
             builder.Add(Assert(receiver.tok, wh, desc));
           }
         }
@@ -1903,29 +1927,48 @@ void ProcessCallStmt(CallStmt cs, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, Bpl.E
             Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(ee.tok, etran.TrExpr(ee), ee.Type, etran.OldAt(atLabel), ISALLOC, true);
             if (wh != null) {
               var pIdx = Args.Count == 1 ? "" : " at index " + i;
-              var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated($"argument{pIdx} for parameter '{formal.Name}'",
-                "in the two-state lemma's previous state" +
-                PODesc.IsAllocated.HelperFormal(formal)
-                );
+              var desc = new PODesc.IsAllocated(
+                $"argument{pIdx} for parameter '{formal.Name}'",
+                "in the two-state lemma's previous state" + PODesc.IsAllocated.HelperFormal(formal),
+                ee,
+                atLabel
+              );
               builder.Add(Assert(ee.tok, wh, desc));
             }
           }
         }
       }
 
+      var directSub = new Substituter(null, directSubstMap, tySubst);
+
       // Check that the reads clause of a subcall is a subset of the current reads frame,
       // but support the optimization that we don't define a reads frame at all if it's `reads *`. 
       if (etran.readsFrame != null) {
+        // substitute actual args for parameters in description expression frames...
+        var requiredFrames = callee.Reads.Expressions.ConvertAll(directSub.SubstFrameExpr);
+        var desc = new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("call", requiredFrames, GetContextReadsFrames());
+
+        // ... but that substitution isn't needed for frames passed to CheckFrameSubset
         var readsSubst = new Substituter(null, new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>(), tySubst);
         CheckFrameSubset(tok, callee.Reads.Expressions.ConvertAll(readsSubst.SubstFrameExpr),
-          receiver, substMap, etran, etran.ReadsFrame(tok), builder, new PODesc.ReadFrameSubset("call"), null);
+          receiver, substMap, etran, etran.ReadsFrame(tok), builder, desc, null);
       }
+
+      // substitute actual args for parameters in description expression frames...
+      var frameExpressions = callee.Mod.Expressions.ConvertAll(directSub.SubstFrameExpr);
       // Check that the modifies clause of a subcall is a subset of the current modifies frame,
       // but only if we're in a context that defines a modifies frame.
-      if (codeContext is IMethodCodeContext) {
-        var modifiesSubst = new Substituter(null, new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>(), tySubst);
-        CheckFrameSubset(tok, callee.Mod.Expressions.ConvertAll(modifiesSubst.SubstFrameExpr),
-          receiver, substMap, etran, etran.ModifiesFrame(tok), builder, new PODesc.ModifyFrameSubset("call"), null);
+      if (codeContext is IMethodCodeContext methodCodeContext) {
+        var desc = new PODesc.ModifyFrameSubset(
+          "call",
+          frameExpressions,
+          methodCodeContext.Modifies.Expressions
+        );
+        // ... but that substitution isn't needed for frames passed to CheckFrameSubset
+        var modifiesSubst = new Substituter(null, new(), tySubst);
+        CheckFrameSubset(
+          tok, callee.Mod.Expressions.ConvertAll(modifiesSubst.SubstFrameExpr),
+          receiver, substMap, etran, etran.ModifiesFrame(tok), builder, desc, null);
       }
 
       // Check termination
@@ -1936,7 +1979,7 @@ void ProcessCallStmt(CallStmt cs, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, Bpl.E
         } else {
           List<Expression> contextDecreases = codeContext.Decreases.Expressions;
           List<Expression> calleeDecreases = callee.Decreases.Expressions;
-          CheckCallTermination(tok, contextDecreases, calleeDecreases, null, receiver, substMap, tySubst, etran, etran.Old, builder, codeContext.InferredDecreases, null);
+          CheckCallTermination(tok, contextDecreases, calleeDecreases, null, receiver, substMap, directSubstMap, tySubst, etran, true, builder, codeContext.InferredDecreases, null);
         }
       }
 
@@ -1963,22 +2006,41 @@ void ProcessCallStmt(CallStmt cs, Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, Bpl.E
         }
       }
 
+      if (cs.Proof == null) {
+        AddCall(builder);
+      } else {
+        var callBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, builder.Context);
+        AddComment(callBuilder, cs, "call statement proof");
+        CurrentIdGenerator.Push();
+        TrStmt(cs.Proof, callBuilder, locals, etran);
+        CurrentIdGenerator.Pop();
+        AddCall(callBuilder);
+        PathAsideBlock(cs.Tok, callBuilder, builder);
+      }
+
+      void AddCall(BoogieStmtListBuilder callBuilder) {
+        callBuilder.Add(new CommentCmd($"ProcessCallStmt: Check precondition"));
+        // Make the call
+        AddReferencedMember(callee);
+        Bpl.CallCmd call = Call(tok, MethodName(callee, isCoCall ? MethodTranslationKind.CoCallPre : MethodTranslationKind.CallPre), ins, new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr>());
+        proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(call, tok, new CallDependency(cs));
+        if (
+          (assertionOnlyFilter != null && !assertionOnlyFilter(tok)) ||
+          (module != currentModule && RefinementToken.IsInherited(tok, currentModule) && (codeContext == null || !codeContext.MustReverify))) {
+          // The call statement is inherited, so the refined module already checked that the precondition holds.  Note,
+          // preconditions are not allowed to be strengthened, except if they use a predicate whose body has been strengthened.
+          // But if the callee sits in a different module, then any predicate it uses will be treated as opaque (that is,
+          // uninterpreted) anyway, so the refined module will have checked the call precondition for all possible definitions
+          // of the predicate.
+          call.IsFree = true;
+        }
+        callBuilder.Add(call);
+      }
+
       builder.Add(new CommentCmd("ProcessCallStmt: Make the call"));
-      // Make the call
-      AddReferencedMember(callee);
-      Bpl.CallCmd call = Call(tok, MethodName(callee, kind), ins, outs);
-      proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(call, tok, new CallDependency(cs));
-      if (
-        (assertionOnlyFilter != null && !assertionOnlyFilter(tok)) ||
-        (module != currentModule && RefinementToken.IsInherited(tok, currentModule) && (codeContext == null || !codeContext.MustReverify))) {
-        // The call statement is inherited, so the refined module already checked that the precondition holds.  Note,
-        // preconditions are not allowed to be strengthened, except if they use a predicate whose body has been strengthened.
-        // But if the callee sits in a different module, then any predicate it uses will be treated as opaque (that is,
-        // uninterpreted) anyway, so the refined module will have checked the call precondition for all possible definitions
-        // of the predicate.
-        call.IsFree = true;
-      }
-      builder.Add(call);
+      CallCmd post = Call(tok, MethodName(callee, isCoCall ? MethodTranslationKind.CoCallPost : MethodTranslationKind.CallPost), ins, outs);
+      proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(post, tok, new CallDependency(cs));
+      builder.Add(post);
 
       // Unbox results as needed
       for (int i = 0; i < Lhss.Count; i++) {
@@ -2323,19 +2385,19 @@ private void CheckLhssDistinctness(List<Bpl.Expr> rhs, List<AssignmentRhs> rhsOr
     delegate void AssignToLhs(Bpl.Expr/*?*/ rhs, bool origRhsIsHavoc, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran);
 
     void AssertDistinctness(Expression lhsa, Expression lhsb, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
-      Bpl.Expr e = CheckDistinctness(lhsa, lhsb, etran);
-      if (e != null) {
-        builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(lhsa), e, new PODesc.DistinctLHS(Printer.ExprToString(options, lhsa),
-          Printer.ExprToString(options, lhsb), e != Bpl.Expr.False, false)));
+      CheckDistinctness(lhsa, lhsb, etran, out var dExpr, out var bExpr);
+      if (bExpr != null) {
+        builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(lhsa), bExpr, new PODesc.DistinctLHS(Printer.ExprToString(options, lhsa),
+          Printer.ExprToString(options, lhsb), bExpr != Bpl.Expr.False, false, dExpr)));
       }
     }
 
     void AssertDistinctness(Expression lhsa, Expression lhsb, Bpl.Expr rhsa, Bpl.Expr rhsb, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
-      Bpl.Expr e = CheckDistinctness(lhsa, lhsb, etran);
-      if (e != null) {
-        e = BplOr(e, Bpl.Expr.Eq(rhsa, rhsb));
-        builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(lhsa), e, new PODesc.DistinctLHS(Printer.ExprToString(options, lhsa),
-          Printer.ExprToString(options, lhsb), false, true)));
+      CheckDistinctness(lhsa, lhsb, etran, out var dExpr, out var bExpr);
+      if (bExpr != null) {
+        bExpr = BplOr(bExpr, Bpl.Expr.Eq(rhsa, rhsb));
+        builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(lhsa), bExpr, new PODesc.DistinctLHS(Printer.ExprToString(options, lhsa),
+          Printer.ExprToString(options, lhsb), false, true, dExpr)));
       }
     }
 
@@ -2370,6 +2432,8 @@ void ProcessLhss(List<Expression> lhss, bool rhsCanAffectPreviouslyKnownExpressi
 
       var lhsNameSet = new Dictionary<string, object>();
 
+      var contextModFrames = GetContextModifiesFrames();
+
       // Note, the resolver does not check for duplicate IdentifierExpr's in LHSs, so do it here.
       foreach (var lhs in lhss) {
         Contract.Assume(!(lhs is ConcreteSyntaxExpression));
@@ -2419,7 +2483,8 @@ void ProcessLhss(List<Expression> lhss, bool rhsCanAffectPreviouslyKnownExpressi
           prevObj[i] = obj;
           if (!useSurrogateLocal) {
             // check that the enclosing modifies clause allows this object to be written:  assert $_ModifiesFrame[obj]);
-            builder.Add(Assert(tok, Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(tok, etran.ModifiesFrame(tok), obj, GetField(fse)), new PODesc.Modifiable("an object")));
+            var desc = new PODesc.Modifiable("an object", contextModFrames, fse.Obj, field);
+            builder.Add(Assert(tok, Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(tok, etran.ModifiesFrame(tok), obj, GetField(fse)), desc));
           }
 
           if (useSurrogateLocal) {
@@ -2443,7 +2508,7 @@ void ProcessLhss(List<Expression> lhss, bool rhsCanAffectPreviouslyKnownExpressi
               if (rhs != null) {
                 var fseField = fse.Member as Field;
                 Contract.Assert(fseField != null);
-                Check_NewRestrictions(tok, obj, fseField, rhs, bldr, et);
+                Check_NewRestrictions(tok, fse.Obj, obj, fseField, rhs, bldr, et);
                 var h = (Bpl.IdentifierExpr)et.HeapExpr;  // TODO: is this cast always justified?
                 var cmd = Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(tok, h, UpdateHeap(tok, h, obj, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(tok, GetField(fseField)), rhs));
                 proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(cmd, lhs.tok, new AssignmentDependency(stmt.RangeToken));
@@ -2468,7 +2533,8 @@ void ProcessLhss(List<Expression> lhss, bool rhsCanAffectPreviouslyKnownExpressi
           prevObj[i] = obj;
           prevIndex[i] = fieldName;
           // check that the enclosing modifies clause allows this object to be written:  assert $_Frame[obj,index]);
-          builder.Add(Assert(tok, Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(tok, etran.ModifiesFrame(tok), obj, fieldName), new PODesc.Modifiable("an array element")));
+          var desc = new PODesc.Modifiable("an array element", contextModFrames, sel.Seq, null);
+          builder.Add(Assert(tok, Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(tok, etran.ModifiesFrame(tok), obj, fieldName), desc));
 
           bLhss.Add(null);
           lhsBuilders.Add(delegate (Bpl.Expr rhs, bool origRhsIsHavoc, BoogieStmtListBuilder bldr, ExpressionTranslator et) {
@@ -2492,7 +2558,8 @@ void ProcessLhss(List<Expression> lhss, bool rhsCanAffectPreviouslyKnownExpressi
             "$index" + i, predef.FieldName(mse.tok), builder, locals);
           prevObj[i] = obj;
           prevIndex[i] = fieldName;
-          builder.Add(Assert(tok, Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(tok, etran.ModifiesFrame(tok), obj, fieldName), new PODesc.Modifiable("an array element")));
+          var desc = new PODesc.Modifiable("an array element", contextModFrames, mse.Array, null);
+          builder.Add(Assert(tok, Bpl.Expr.SelectTok(tok, etran.ModifiesFrame(tok), obj, fieldName), desc));
 
           bLhss.Add(null);
           lhsBuilders.Add(delegate (Bpl.Expr rhs, bool origRhsIsHavoc, BoogieStmtListBuilder bldr, ExpressionTranslator et) {
@@ -2576,20 +2643,25 @@ Bpl.Expr TrAssignmentRhs(IToken tok, Bpl.IdentifierExpr bGivenLhs, IVariable lhs
       if (rhs is ExprRhs) {
         var e = (ExprRhs)rhs;
 
-        TrStmt_CheckWellformed(e.Expr, builder, locals, etran, true);
+        var bRhs = etran.TrExpr(e.Expr);
+        var cre = GetSubrangeCheck(tok, bRhs, e.Expr.Type, rhsTypeConstraint, e.Expr, null, out var desc, "");
+        TrStmt_CheckWellformed(e.Expr, builder, locals, etran, true, addResultCommands:
+          (returnBuilder, result) => {
+            if (cre != null) {
+              returnBuilder.Add(Assert(result.Tok, cre, desc));
+            }
+          });
 
-        Bpl.Expr bRhs = etran.TrExpr(e.Expr);
-        CheckSubrange(tok, bRhs, e.Expr.Type, rhsTypeConstraint, builder);
         if (bGivenLhs != null) {
           Contract.Assert(bGivenLhs == bLhs);
           // box the RHS, then do the assignment
-          var cmd = Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(tok, bGivenLhs, CondApplyBox(tok, bRhs, e.Expr.Type, lhsType));
+          var cmd = Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(tok, bGivenLhs, AdaptBoxing(tok, bRhs, e.Expr.Type, lhsType));
           proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(cmd, tok, new AssignmentDependency(stmt.RangeToken));
           builder.Add(cmd);
           return bGivenLhs;
         } else {
           // box from RHS type to tmp-var type, then do the assignment; then return LHS, boxed from tmp-var type to result type
-          var cmd = Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(tok, bLhs, CondApplyBox(tok, bRhs, e.Expr.Type, rhsTypeConstraint));
+          var cmd = Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(tok, bLhs, AdaptBoxing(tok, bRhs, e.Expr.Type, rhsTypeConstraint));
           proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(cmd, tok, new AssignmentDependency(stmt.RangeToken));
           builder.Add(cmd);
           return CondApplyBox(tok, bLhs, rhsTypeConstraint, lhsType);
@@ -2612,7 +2684,7 @@ Bpl.Expr TrAssignmentRhs(IToken tok, Bpl.IdentifierExpr bGivenLhs, IVariable lhs
           foreach (Expression dim in tRhs.ArrayDimensions) {
             CheckWellformed(dim, new WFOptions(), locals, builder, etran);
             var desc = new PODesc.NonNegative(tRhs.ArrayDimensions.Count == 1
-              ? "array size" : $"array size (dimension {i})");
+              ? "array size" : $"array size (dimension {i})", dim);
             builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(dim), Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), etran.TrExpr(dim)), desc));
             i++;
           }
@@ -2620,7 +2692,7 @@ Bpl.Expr TrAssignmentRhs(IToken tok, Bpl.IdentifierExpr bGivenLhs, IVariable lhs
             CheckWellformed(tRhs.ElementInit, new WFOptions(), locals, builder, etran);
           } else if (tRhs.InitDisplay != null) {
             var dim = tRhs.ArrayDimensions[0];
-            var desc = new PODesc.ArrayInitSizeValid(tRhs.InitDisplay.Count);
+            var desc = new PODesc.ArrayInitSizeValid(tRhs, dim);
             builder.Add(Assert(GetToken(dim), Bpl.Expr.Eq(etran.TrExpr(dim), Bpl.Expr.Literal(tRhs.InitDisplay.Count)), desc));
             foreach (var v in tRhs.InitDisplay) {
               CheckWellformed(v, new WFOptions(), locals, builder, etran);
@@ -2635,7 +2707,7 @@ Bpl.Expr TrAssignmentRhs(IToken tok, Bpl.IdentifierExpr bGivenLhs, IVariable lhs
             foreach (Expression dim in tRhs.ArrayDimensions) {
               zeroSize = BplOr(zeroSize, Bpl.Expr.Eq(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), etran.TrExpr(dim)));
             }
-            var desc = new PODesc.ArrayInitEmpty(tRhs.EType.ToString());
+            var desc = new PODesc.ArrayInitEmpty(tRhs.EType.ToString(), tRhs.ArrayDimensions);
             builder.Add(Assert(tRhs.Tok, zeroSize, desc));
           }
         }
@@ -2658,10 +2730,10 @@ Bpl.Expr TrAssignmentRhs(IToken tok, Bpl.IdentifierExpr bGivenLhs, IVariable lhs
               foreach (var v in tRhs.InitDisplay) {
                 var EE_ii = etran.TrExpr(v);
                 // assert EE_ii satisfies any subset-type constraints;
-                CheckSubrange(v.tok, EE_ii, v.Type, tRhs.EType, builder);
+                CheckSubrange(v.tok, EE_ii, v.Type, tRhs.EType, v, builder);
                 // assume nw[ii] == EE_ii;
                 var ai = ReadHeap(tok, etran.HeapExpr, nw, GetArrayIndexFieldName(tok, new List<Bpl.Expr> { Bpl.Expr.Literal(ii) }));
-                builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(tok, Bpl.Expr.Eq(UnboxUnlessInherentlyBoxed(ai, tRhs.EType), EE_ii)));
+                builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(tok, Bpl.Expr.Eq(UnboxUnlessInherentlyBoxed(ai, tRhs.EType), AdaptBoxing(tok, EE_ii, v.Type, tRhs.EType))));
                 ii++;
               }
             }
@@ -2684,7 +2756,7 @@ Bpl.Expr TrAssignmentRhs(IToken tok, Bpl.IdentifierExpr bGivenLhs, IVariable lhs
           TrCallStmt(tRhs.InitCall, builder, locals, etran, nw);
         }
         // bLhs := $nw;
-        CheckSubrange(tok, nw, tRhs.Type, rhsTypeConstraint, builder);
+        CheckSubrange(tok, nw, tRhs.Type, rhsTypeConstraint, null, builder);
         if (bGivenLhs != null) {
           Contract.Assert(bGivenLhs == bLhs);
           // box the RHS, then do the assignment
@@ -2771,25 +2843,64 @@ private void IntroduceAndAssignExistentialVars(ExistsExpr exists, BoogieStmtList
       builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(exists.tok, etran.TrExpr(exists.Term)));
     }
 
-    void TrStmtList(List<Statement> stmts, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    public void TrStmtList(List<Statement> stmts, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran,
+      RangeToken scopeRange = null, bool processLabels = true) {
       Contract.Requires(stmts != null);
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
       Contract.Requires(locals != null);
       Contract.Requires(etran != null);
-      foreach (Statement ss in stmts) {
-        for (var l = ss.Labels; l != null; l = l.Next) {
-          var heapAt = new Bpl.LocalVariable(ss.Tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(ss.Tok, "$Heap_at_" + l.Data.AssignUniqueId(CurrentIdGenerator), predef.HeapType));
-          locals.Add(heapAt);
-          builder.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(ss.Tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(ss.Tok, heapAt), etran.HeapExpr));
-        }
-        TrStmt(ss, builder, locals, etran);
-        if (ss.Labels != null) {
+
+      BoogieStmtListBuilder innerBuilder = builder;
+      if (scopeRange != null && !builder.Context.ReturnPosition) {
+        /*
+         * Boogie's reports at which return location
+         * the postconditions of a procedure could not be satisfied.
+         *
+         * The return locations are the sinks of the Boogie control flow graph.
+         * However, adding a command to the end of a Boogie block, can cause previous sinks in the CFG to then lead
+         * to that new command, which changes the reported error location.
+         *
+         * Because of this reason, we need to make sure not to pop at points right before the implementation returns,
+         * which is why we check builder.Context.ReturnPosition
+         * 
+         * A more reliable way of Boogie error reporting would be not to rely on sinks in the CFG,
+         * By for example reporting all points at which a control flow decision was made.
+         */
+        builder.Add(new ChangeScope(scopeRange.StartToken, ChangeScope.Modes.Push));
+        innerBuilder = builder.WithContext(builder.Context with {
+          ScopeDepth = builder.Context.ScopeDepth + 1
+        });
+      }
+
+      for (var index = 0; index < stmts.Count; index++) {
+        var ss = stmts[index];
+        var last = index == stmts.Count - 1;
+        var indexContext = innerBuilder.Context with {
+          ReturnPosition = innerBuilder.Context.ReturnPosition && last
+        };
+        var indexBuilder = innerBuilder.WithContext(indexContext);
+        if (processLabels) {
+          for (var l = ss.Labels; l != null; l = l.Next) {
+            var heapAt = new Bpl.LocalVariable(ss.Tok,
+              new Bpl.TypedIdent(ss.Tok, "$Heap_at_" + l.Data.AssignUniqueId(CurrentIdGenerator), predef.HeapType));
+            locals.Add(heapAt);
+            builder.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(ss.Tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(ss.Tok, heapAt), etran.HeapExpr));
+          }
+        }
+
+        TrStmt(ss, indexBuilder, locals, etran);
+        if (processLabels && ss.Labels != null) {
           builder.AddLabelCmd("after_" + ss.Labels.Data.AssignUniqueId(CurrentIdGenerator));
         }
       }
+
+      if (scopeRange != null && !builder.Context.ReturnPosition) {
+        builder.Add(new ChangeScope(scopeRange.EndToken, ChangeScope.Modes.Pop));
+      }
     }
 
-    void TrStmt_CheckWellformed(Expression expr, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran, bool subsumption, bool lValueContext = false) {
+    void TrStmt_CheckWellformed(Expression expr, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List<Variable> locals,
+      ExpressionTranslator etran, bool subsumption, bool lValueContext = false, AddResultCommands addResultCommands = null) {
       Contract.Requires(expr != null);
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
       Contract.Requires(locals != null);
@@ -2814,8 +2925,16 @@ void TrStmt_CheckWellformed(Expression expr, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, List
       if (lValueContext) {
         options = options.WithLValueContext(true);
       }
-      CheckWellformed(expr, options, locals, builder, etran);
+      CheckWellformedWithResult(expr, options, locals, builder, etran, addResultCommands);
       builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(expr.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(expr)));
     }
+
+    List<FrameExpression> GetContextReadsFrames() {
+      return (codeContext as MethodOrFunction)?.Reads?.Expressions ?? new();
+    }
+
+    List<FrameExpression> GetContextModifiesFrames() {
+      return (codeContext as IMethodCodeContext)?.Modifies?.Expressions ?? new();
+    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Types.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Types.cs
index b144cbeb2ff..53ade4626fe 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Types.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.Types.cs
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ private void AddArrowTypeAxioms(ArrowTypeDecl ad) {
           BplFormalVar(null, requires_ty, true),
           BplFormalVar(null, reads_ty, true)
         };
-      sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(new Bpl.Function(Token.NoToken, Handle(arity), arg, res));
+      var declaration = new Bpl.Function(Token.NoToken, Handle(arity), arg, res);
+      sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(declaration);
     }
 
     Action<Function, string, Bpl.Type> SelectorFunction = (dafnyFunction, name, t) => {
@@ -861,6 +862,8 @@ Expression Zero(IToken tok, Type typ) {
     } else if (typ.IsTraitType) {
       Contract.Assert(options.Get(CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraits) != CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraitsOptions.Legacy);
       return null;
+    } else if (typ.IsTypeParameter) {
+      return null;
     } else {
       Contract.Assume(false);  // unexpected type
       return null;
@@ -920,9 +923,7 @@ void AddTypeDecl(NewtypeDecl dd) {
     FuelContext oldFuelContext = this.fuelContext;
     this.fuelContext = FuelSetting.NewFuelContext(dd);
 
-    if (dd.Var != null) {
-      AddWellformednessCheck(dd);
-    }
+    AddWellformednessCheck(dd);
 
     // Add $Is and $IsAlloc axioms for the newtype
     currentModule = dd.EnclosingModuleDefinition;
@@ -982,22 +983,28 @@ void AddRedirectingTypeDeclAxioms<T>(bool is_alloc, T dd, string fullName)
 
     Bpl.Expr body, is_o;
     string comment;
+    Trigger trigger;
 
     if (is_alloc) {
       comment = $"$IsAlloc axiom for {dd.WhatKind} {fullName}";
       var h = BplBoundVar("$h", predef.HeapType, vars);
       // $IsAlloc(o, ..)
       is_o = MkIsAlloc(o, o_ty, h, ModeledAsBoxType(baseType));
+      trigger = BplTrigger(is_o);
       if (baseType.IsNumericBased() || baseType.IsBitVectorType || baseType.IsBoolType || baseType.IsCharType) {
         body = is_o;
       } else {
         Bpl.Expr rhs = MkIsAlloc(o, baseType, h);
+        if (dd is NonNullTypeDecl) {
+          trigger.Next = BplTrigger(rhs);
+        }
         body = BplIff(is_o, rhs);
       }
     } else {
       comment = $"$Is axiom for {dd.WhatKind} {fullName}";
       // $Is(o, ..)
       is_o = MkIs(o, o_ty, ModeledAsBoxType(baseType));
+      trigger = BplTrigger(is_o);
       var etran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, NewOneHeapExpr(dd.tok), null);
       Bpl.Expr parentConstraint, constraint;
       if (baseType.IsNumericBased() || baseType.IsBitVectorType || baseType.IsBoolType || baseType.IsCharType) {
@@ -1008,13 +1015,16 @@ void AddRedirectingTypeDeclAxioms<T>(bool is_alloc, T dd, string fullName)
         constraint = etran.TrExpr(ModuleResolver.GetImpliedTypeConstraint(substitutee, udt));
       } else {
         parentConstraint = MkIs(o, baseType);
+        if (dd is NonNullTypeDecl) {
+          trigger.Next = BplTrigger(parentConstraint);
+        }
         // conjoin the constraint
         constraint = etran.TrExpr(dd.Constraint ?? Expression.CreateBoolLiteral(dd.tok, true));
       }
       body = BplIff(is_o, BplAnd(parentConstraint, constraint));
     }
 
-    var axiom = new Bpl.Axiom(dd.tok, BplForall(vars, BplTrigger(is_o), body), comment);
+    var axiom = new Bpl.Axiom(dd.tok, BplForall(vars, trigger, body), comment);
     AddOtherDefinition(GetOrCreateTypeConstructor(dd), axiom);
   }
 
@@ -1030,7 +1040,9 @@ Bpl.Expr ConvertExpression(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr r, Type fromType, Type toType) {
     Contract.Requires(toType != null);
     toType = toType.NormalizeToAncestorType();
     fromType = fromType.NormalizeToAncestorType();
-    if (fromType.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int)) {
+    if (fromType.IsTypeParameter) {
+      return UnboxUnlessInherentlyBoxed(r, toType);
+    } else if (fromType.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int)) {
       if (toType.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int)) {
         // do nothing
       } else if (toType.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
@@ -1152,6 +1164,11 @@ Bpl.Expr ConvertExpression(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr r, Type fromType, Type toType) {
     } else if (fromType.IsTraitType) {
       // cast from a non-reference trait
       return UnboxUnlessInherentlyBoxed(r, toType);
+    } else if (fromType.IsSubtypeOf(toType, false, false)) {
+      return AdaptBoxing(r.tok, r, fromType, toType);
+    } else if (fromType is CollectionType && toType is CollectionType) {
+      // the Boogie representation of collection types is the same for all element types
+      return r;
     } else if (fromType.Equals(toType) || fromType.AsNewtype != null || toType.AsNewtype != null) {
       return r;
     } else {
@@ -1205,14 +1222,16 @@ void PutSourceIntoLocal() {
       }
     }
 
-    Contract.Assert(options.Get(CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraits) != CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraitsOptions.Legacy || fromType.IsRefType == toType.IsRefType);
+    Contract.Assert(options.Get(CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraits) != CommonOptionBag.GeneralTraitsOptions.Legacy ||
+                    fromType.IsRefType == toType.IsRefType ||
+                    (fromType.IsTypeParameter && toType.IsTraitType));
     if (toType.IsRefType) {
       PutSourceIntoLocal();
-      CheckSubrange(tok, o, fromType, toType, builder, errorMsgPrefix);
+      CheckSubrange(tok, o, fromType, toType, expr, builder, errorMsgPrefix);
       return;
     } else if (fromType.IsTraitType) {
       PutSourceIntoLocal();
-      CheckSubrange(tok, o, fromType, toType, builder, errorMsgPrefix);
+      CheckSubrange(tok, o, fromType, toType, expr, builder, errorMsgPrefix);
       return;
     }
 
@@ -1223,19 +1242,21 @@ void PutSourceIntoLocal() {
       Bpl.Expr from = FunctionCall(tok, BuiltinFunction.RealToInt, null, o);
       Bpl.Expr e = FunctionCall(tok, BuiltinFunction.IntToReal, null, from);
       e = Bpl.Expr.Binary(tok, Bpl.BinaryOperator.Opcode.Eq, e, o);
-      builder.Add(Assert(tok, e, new PODesc.IsInteger(errorMsgPrefix)));
+      builder.Add(Assert(tok, e, new PODesc.IsInteger(expr, errorMsgPrefix)));
     }
 
     if (fromType.IsBigOrdinalType && !toType.IsBigOrdinalType) {
       PutSourceIntoLocal();
       Bpl.Expr boundsCheck = FunctionCall(tok, "ORD#IsNat", Bpl.Type.Bool, o);
-      builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionIsNatural(errorMsgPrefix)));
+      builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionIsNatural(errorMsgPrefix, expr)));
     }
 
     if (toTypeFamily.IsBitVectorType) {
       var toWidth = toTypeFamily.AsBitVectorType.Width;
       var toBound = BaseTypes.BigNum.FromBigInt(BigInteger.One << toWidth);  // 1 << toWidth
       Bpl.Expr boundsCheck = null;
+      var dafnyBound = new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.LeftShift, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, 1), Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, toWidth));
+      Expression dafnyBoundsCheck = null;
       if (fromTypeFamily.IsBitVectorType) {
         var fromWidth = fromTypeFamily.AsBitVectorType.Width;
         if (toWidth < fromWidth) {
@@ -1243,38 +1264,58 @@ void PutSourceIntoLocal() {
           PutSourceIntoLocal();
           var bound = BplBvLiteralExpr(tok, toBound, fromTypeFamily.AsBitVectorType);
           boundsCheck = FunctionCall(expr.tok, "lt_bv" + fromWidth, Bpl.Type.Bool, o, bound);
+          dafnyBoundsCheck = new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And,
+            new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, new LiteralExpr(expr.tok, 0), expr),
+            new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, expr, dafnyBound)
+        );
         }
       } else if (fromType.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int) || fromTypeFamily.IsCharType) {
-        // Check "expr < (1 << toWdith)" in type "int"
+        // Check "expr < (1 << toWidth)" in type "int"
         PutSourceIntoLocal();
         var bound = Bpl.Expr.Literal(toBound);
         boundsCheck = BplAnd(Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), o), Bpl.Expr.Lt(o, bound));
+        dafnyBoundsCheck = Expression.CreateAnd(
+          Expression.CreateLess(Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, 0), expr),
+          Expression.CreateAtMost(expr, dafnyBound));
       } else if (fromType.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
-        // Check "Int(expr) < (1 << toWdith)" in type "int"
+        // Check "Int(expr) < (1 << toWidth)" in type "int"
         PutSourceIntoLocal();
         var bound = Bpl.Expr.Literal(toBound);
         var oi = FunctionCall(tok, BuiltinFunction.RealToInt, null, o);
         boundsCheck = BplAnd(Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), oi), Bpl.Expr.Lt(oi, bound));
+        var intExpr = new ExprDotName(expr.tok, expr, "Floor", null);
+        dafnyBoundsCheck = new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And,
+          new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, new LiteralExpr(expr.tok, 0), intExpr),
+          new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, intExpr, dafnyBound)
+        );
       } else if (fromType.IsBigOrdinalType) {
         var bound = Bpl.Expr.Literal(toBound);
         var oi = FunctionCall(tok, "ORD#Offset", Bpl.Type.Int, o);
         boundsCheck = Bpl.Expr.Lt(oi, bound);
+        var intExpr = new ExprDotName(expr.tok, expr, "Offset", null);
+        dafnyBoundsCheck = new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And,
+          new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, new LiteralExpr(expr.tok, 0), intExpr),
+          new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, intExpr, dafnyBound)
+        );
       }
 
       if (boundsCheck != null) {
-        builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionFit("value", toType, errorMsgPrefix)));
+        builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionFit("value", toType, dafnyBoundsCheck, errorMsgPrefix)));
       }
 
     } else if (toType.IsCharType) {
       if (fromType.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int)) {
         PutSourceIntoLocal();
         var boundsCheck = FunctionCall(Token.NoToken, BuiltinFunction.IsChar, null, o);
-        builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionFit("value", toType, errorMsgPrefix)));
+        var dafnyBoundsCheck = PODesc.Utils.MakeCharBoundsCheck(options, expr);
+        builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionFit("value", toType, dafnyBoundsCheck, errorMsgPrefix)));
       } else if (fromType.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
         PutSourceIntoLocal();
         var oi = FunctionCall(tok, BuiltinFunction.RealToInt, null, o);
         var boundsCheck = FunctionCall(Token.NoToken, BuiltinFunction.IsChar, null, oi);
-        builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionFit("real value", toType, errorMsgPrefix)));
+        Expression intExpr = new ExprDotName(expr.tok, expr, "Floor", null);
+        var dafnyBoundsCheck = PODesc.Utils.MakeCharBoundsCheck(options, intExpr);
+        builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionFit("real value", toType, dafnyBoundsCheck, errorMsgPrefix)));
       } else if (fromType.IsBitVectorType) {
         PutSourceIntoLocal();
         var fromWidth = fromType.AsBitVectorType.Width;
@@ -1285,7 +1326,9 @@ void PutSourceIntoLocal() {
           var toBound = BaseTypes.BigNum.FromBigInt(BigInteger.One << toWidth); // 1 << toWidth
           var bound = BplBvLiteralExpr(tok, toBound, fromType.AsBitVectorType);
           var boundsCheck = FunctionCall(expr.tok, "lt_bv" + fromWidth, Bpl.Type.Bool, o, bound);
-          builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionFit("bit-vector value", toType, errorMsgPrefix)));
+          var dafnyBound = new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.LeftShift, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, 1), Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, toWidth));
+          var dafnyBoundsCheck = new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, expr, dafnyBound);
+          builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionFit("bit-vector value", toType, dafnyBoundsCheck, errorMsgPrefix)));
         }
       } else if (fromType.IsBigOrdinalType) {
         PutSourceIntoLocal();
@@ -1294,21 +1337,25 @@ void PutSourceIntoLocal() {
         var toBound = BaseTypes.BigNum.FromBigInt(BigInteger.One << toWidth); // 1 << toWidth
         var bound = Bpl.Expr.Literal(toBound);
         var boundsCheck = Bpl.Expr.Lt(oi, bound);
-        builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionFit("ORDINAL value", toType, errorMsgPrefix)));
+        var dafnyBound = new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.LeftShift, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, 1), Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, toWidth));
+        var offset = new ExprDotName(expr.tok, expr, "Offset", null);
+        var dafnyBoundsCheck = new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, offset, dafnyBound);
+        builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, new PODesc.ConversionFit("ORDINAL value", toType, dafnyBoundsCheck, errorMsgPrefix)));
       }
 
     } else if (toType.IsBigOrdinalType) {
       if (fromType.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Int)) {
         PutSourceIntoLocal();
         Bpl.Expr boundsCheck = Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), o);
-        var desc = new PODesc.ConversionPositive("integer", toType, errorMsgPrefix);
+        var desc = new PODesc.ConversionPositive("integer", toType, expr, errorMsgPrefix);
         builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, desc));
       }
       if (fromType.IsNumericBased(Type.NumericPersuasion.Real)) {
         PutSourceIntoLocal();
         var oi = FunctionCall(tok, BuiltinFunction.RealToInt, null, o);
         Bpl.Expr boundsCheck = Bpl.Expr.Le(Bpl.Expr.Literal(0), oi);
-        var desc = new PODesc.ConversionPositive("real", toType, errorMsgPrefix);
+        var intExpr = new ExprDotName(expr.tok, expr, "Floor", null);
+        var desc = new PODesc.ConversionPositive("real", toType, intExpr, errorMsgPrefix);
         builder.Add(Assert(tok, boundsCheck, desc));
       }
 
@@ -1331,13 +1378,14 @@ void PutSourceIntoLocal() {
       } else {
         be = o;
       }
-      CheckResultToBeInType_Aux(tok, new BoogieWrapper(be, toTypeFamily), toType.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints(), builder, etran, errorMsgPrefix);
+      CheckResultToBeInType_Aux(tok, new BoogieWrapper(be, toTypeFamily), expr, toType.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints(), builder, etran, errorMsgPrefix);
     }
   }
 
-  void CheckResultToBeInType_Aux(IToken tok, Expression expr, Type toType, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran, string errorMsgPrefix) {
+  void CheckResultToBeInType_Aux(IToken tok, Expression boogieExpr, Expression origExpr, Type toType, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran, string errorMsgPrefix) {
     Contract.Requires(tok != null);
-    Contract.Requires(expr != null);
+    Contract.Requires(boogieExpr != null);
+    Contract.Requires(origExpr != null);
     Contract.Requires(toType != null && toType.AsRedirectingType != null);
     Contract.Requires(builder != null);
     Contract.Requires(etran != null);
@@ -1359,16 +1407,15 @@ void CheckResultToBeInType_Aux(IToken tok, Expression expr, Type toType, BoogieS
     }
 
     if (baseType.AsRedirectingType != null) {
-      CheckResultToBeInType_Aux(tok, expr, baseType, builder, etran, errorMsgPrefix);
+      CheckResultToBeInType_Aux(tok, boogieExpr, origExpr, baseType, builder, etran, errorMsgPrefix);
     }
     // Check any constraint defined in 'dd'
     if (rdt.Var != null) {
       // TODO: use TrSplitExpr
-      var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
-      substMap.Add(rdt.Var, expr);
       var typeMap = TypeParameter.SubstitutionMap(rdt.TypeArgs, udt.TypeArgs);
-      var constraint = etran.TrExpr(Substitute(rdt.Constraint, null, substMap, typeMap));
-      builder.Add(Assert(tok, constraint, new PODesc.ConversionSatisfiesConstraints(errorMsgPrefix, kind, rdt.Name)));
+      var dafnyConstraint = Substitute(rdt.Constraint, null, new() { { rdt.Var, origExpr } }, typeMap);
+      var boogieConstraint = etran.TrExpr(Substitute(rdt.Constraint, null, new() { { rdt.Var, boogieExpr } }, typeMap));
+      builder.Add(Assert(tok, boogieConstraint, new PODesc.ConversionSatisfiesConstraints(errorMsgPrefix, kind, rdt.Name, dafnyConstraint)));
     }
   }
 
@@ -1386,29 +1433,29 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(RedirectingTypeDecl decl) {
       return;
     }
 
-    // If there's no constraint, there's nothing to do
-    if (decl.Var == null) {
-      Contract.Assert(decl.Constraint == null);  // there's a constraint only if there's a variable to be constrained
-      Contract.Assert(decl.WitnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.CompiledZero);  // a witness makes sense only if there is a constraint
-      Contract.Assert(decl.Witness == null);  // a witness makes sense only if there is a constraint
-      return;
-    }
-    Contract.Assert(decl.Constraint != null);  // follows from the test above and the RedirectingTypeDecl class invariant
-
     currentModule = decl.Module;
     codeContext = new CallableWrapper(decl, true);
     var etran = new ExpressionTranslator(this, predef, decl.tok, null);
 
     // parameters of the procedure
     var inParams = MkTyParamFormals(decl.TypeArgs, true);
-    Bpl.Type varType = TrType(decl.Var.Type);
-    Bpl.Expr wh = GetWhereClause(decl.Var.tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(decl.Var.tok, decl.Var.AssignUniqueName(decl.IdGenerator), varType), decl.Var.Type, etran, NOALLOC);
-    inParams.Add(new Bpl.Formal(decl.Var.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(decl.Var.tok, decl.Var.AssignUniqueName(decl.IdGenerator), varType, wh), true));
+    Type baseType;
+    Bpl.Expr whereClause;
+    if (decl.Var != null) {
+      baseType = decl.Var.Type;
+      Bpl.Type varType = TrType(baseType);
+      whereClause = GetWhereClause(decl.Var.tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(decl.Var.tok, decl.Var.AssignUniqueName(decl.IdGenerator), varType), baseType, etran, NOALLOC);
+      // Do NOT use a where-clause in this declaration, because that would spoil the witness checking.
+      inParams.Add(new Bpl.Formal(decl.Var.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(decl.Var.tok, decl.Var.AssignUniqueName(decl.IdGenerator), varType), true));
+    } else {
+      baseType = ((NewtypeDecl)decl).BaseType;
+      whereClause = null;
+    }
 
     // the procedure itself
     var req = new List<Bpl.Requires>();
     // free requires mh == ModuleContextHeight && fh == TypeContextHeight;
-    req.Add(Requires(decl.tok, true, etran.HeightContext(decl), null, null, null));
+    req.Add(Requires(decl.tok, true, null, etran.HeightContext(decl), null, null, null));
     // modifies $Heap
     var mod = new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr> {
         etran.HeapCastToIdentifierExpr,
@@ -1427,7 +1474,8 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(RedirectingTypeDecl decl) {
     // They should be the same, but hence the added contract
     var implInParams = Bpl.Formal.StripWhereClauses(inParams);
     var locals = new List<Variable>();
-    var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+    var context = new BodyTranslationContext(false);
+    var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, context);
     builder.Add(new CommentCmd(string.Format("AddWellformednessCheck for {0} {1}", decl.WhatKind, decl)));
     builder.AddCaptureState(decl.tok, false, "initial state");
     isAllocContext = new IsAllocContext(options, true);
@@ -1438,6 +1486,7 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(RedirectingTypeDecl decl) {
     // define frame;
     // if (*) {
     //   // The following is collected in constraintCheckBuilder:
+    //   assume the where-clause for the bound variable
     //   check constraint is well-formed;
     //   assume constraint;
     //   do reads checks;
@@ -1447,64 +1496,55 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(RedirectingTypeDecl decl) {
     // }
 
     // check well-formedness of the constraint (including termination, and delayed reads checks)
-    var constraintCheckBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-    var builderInitializationArea = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
-    var delayer = new ReadsCheckDelayer(etran, null, locals, builderInitializationArea, constraintCheckBuilder);
-    delayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
-      CheckWellformedAndAssume(decl.Constraint, wfo, locals, constraintCheckBuilder, etran, "predicate subtype constraint");
-    });
+    var builderInitializationArea = CheckConstraintWellformedness(decl, context, whereClause, etran, locals, builder);
 
     // Check that the type is inhabited.
     // Note, the possible witness in this check should be coordinated with the compiler, so the compiler knows how to do the initialization
     Expression witnessExpr = null;
-    var witnessCheckBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+    var witnessCheckBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, context);
+    witnessCheckBuilder.Add(new Bpl.CommentCmd($"check well-formedness of {decl.WhatKind} witness, and that it satisfies the constraint"));
     string witnessString = null;
     if (decl.Witness != null) {
       // check well-formedness of the witness expression (including termination, and reads checks)
       var ghostCodeContext = codeContext;
       codeContext = decl.WitnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.Compiled ? new CallableWrapper(decl, false) : ghostCodeContext;
-      CheckWellformed(decl.Witness, new WFOptions(null, true), locals, witnessCheckBuilder, etran);
+      CheckWellformedWithResult(decl.Witness, new WFOptions(null, true), locals, witnessCheckBuilder, etran,
+        (returnBuilder, result) => {
+          // check that the witness is assignable to the type of the given bound variable
+          if (decl is SubsetTypeDecl) {
+            // Note, for new-types, this has already been checked by CheckWellformed.
+            CheckResultToBeInType(result.Tok, result, decl.Var.Type, locals, returnBuilder, etran);
+          }
+
+          // check that the witness is assignable to the type of the given bound variable
+          CheckResultToBeInType(decl.Witness.tok, decl.Witness, baseType, locals, witnessCheckBuilder, etran);
+          // check that the witness expression checks out
+          witnessExpr = decl.Constraint != null ? Substitute(decl.Constraint, decl.Var, decl.Witness) : null;
+          if (witnessExpr != null) {
+            witnessExpr.tok = result.Tok;
+            var desc = new PODesc.WitnessCheck(witnessString, witnessExpr);
+            SplitAndAssertExpression(returnBuilder, witnessExpr, etran, context, desc);
+          }
+        });
       codeContext = ghostCodeContext;
-      // check that the witness is assignable to the type of the given bound variable
-      if (decl is SubsetTypeDecl) {
-        // Note, for new-types, this has already been checked by CheckWellformed.
-        CheckResultToBeInType(decl.Witness.tok, decl.Witness, decl.Var.Type, locals, witnessCheckBuilder, etran);
-      }
-      // check that the witness expression checks out
-      witnessExpr = Substitute(decl.Constraint, decl.Var, decl.Witness);
     } else if (decl.WitnessKind == SubsetTypeDecl.WKind.CompiledZero) {
-      var witness = Zero(decl.tok, decl.Var.Type);
+      var witness = Zero(decl.tok, baseType);
       if (witness == null) {
         witnessString = "";
         witnessCheckBuilder.Add(Assert(decl.tok, Bpl.Expr.False, new PODesc.WitnessCheck(witnessString)));
       } else {
-        // before trying 0 as a witness, check that 0 can be assigned to decl.Var
+        // before trying 0 as a witness, check that 0 can be assigned to baseType
         witnessString = Printer.ExprToString(options, witness);
-        CheckResultToBeInType(decl.tok, witness, decl.Var.Type, locals, witnessCheckBuilder, etran, $"trying witness {witnessString}: ");
-        witnessExpr = Substitute(decl.Constraint, decl.Var, witness);
-      }
-    }
-    if (witnessExpr != null) {
-      var witnessCheckTok = decl.Witness != null ? GetToken(decl.Witness) : decl.tok;
-      witnessCheckBuilder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(witnessCheckTok, etran.CanCallAssumption(witnessExpr)));
-      var witnessCheck = etran.TrExpr(witnessExpr);
-
-      bool splitHappened;
-      var ss = TrSplitExpr(witnessExpr, etran, true, out splitHappened);
-      var desc = new PODesc.WitnessCheck(witnessString);
-      if (!splitHappened) {
-        witnessCheckBuilder.Add(Assert(witnessCheckTok, etran.TrExpr(witnessExpr), desc));
-      } else {
-        foreach (var split in ss) {
-          if (split.IsChecked) {
-            var tok = witnessCheckTok is IToken t ? new NestedToken(t, split.Tok) : witnessCheckTok;
-            witnessCheckBuilder.Add(AssertNS(tok, split.E, desc));
-          }
+        CheckResultToBeInType(decl.tok, witness, baseType, locals, witnessCheckBuilder, etran, $"trying witness {witnessString}: ");
+        witnessExpr = decl.Constraint != null ? Substitute(decl.Constraint, decl.Var, witness) : null;
+        if (witnessExpr != null) {
+          witnessExpr.tok = decl.tok;
+          var desc = new PODesc.WitnessCheck(witnessString, witnessExpr);
+          SplitAndAssertExpression(witnessCheckBuilder, witnessExpr, etran, context, desc);
         }
       }
     }
-
-    builder.Add(new Bpl.IfCmd(decl.tok, null, constraintCheckBuilder.Collect(decl.tok), null, witnessCheckBuilder.Collect(decl.tok)));
+    PathAsideBlock(decl.Tok, witnessCheckBuilder, builder);
 
     var s0 = builderInitializationArea.Collect(decl.tok);
     var s1 = builder.Collect(decl.tok);
@@ -1524,4 +1564,42 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(RedirectingTypeDecl decl) {
     isAllocContext = null;
     Reset();
   }
+
+  private void SplitAndAssertExpression(BoogieStmtListBuilder witnessCheckBuilder, Expression witnessExpr,
+    ExpressionTranslator etran, BodyTranslationContext context, PODesc.WitnessCheck desc) {
+    witnessCheckBuilder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(witnessExpr.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(witnessExpr)));
+
+    var ss = TrSplitExpr(context, witnessExpr, etran, true, out var splitHappened);
+    if (!splitHappened) {
+      witnessCheckBuilder.Add(Assert(witnessExpr.tok, etran.TrExpr(witnessExpr), desc));
+    } else {
+      foreach (var split in ss) {
+        if (split.IsChecked) {
+          var tok = witnessExpr.tok is { } t ? new NestedToken(t, split.Tok) : witnessExpr.tok;
+          witnessCheckBuilder.Add(AssertNS(tok, split.E, desc));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  private BoogieStmtListBuilder CheckConstraintWellformedness(RedirectingTypeDecl decl, BodyTranslationContext context,
+    Bpl.Expr whereClause, ExpressionTranslator etran, List<Variable> locals, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
+    var constraintCheckBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, context);
+    var builderInitializationArea = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, context);
+    if (decl.Constraint == null) {
+      constraintCheckBuilder.Add(new Bpl.CommentCmd($"well-formedness of {decl.WhatKind} constraint is trivial"));
+    } else {
+      constraintCheckBuilder.Add(new Bpl.CommentCmd($"check well-formedness of {decl.WhatKind} constraint"));
+      if (whereClause != null) {
+        constraintCheckBuilder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(decl.tok, whereClause));
+      }
+      var delayer = new ReadsCheckDelayer(etran, null, locals, builderInitializationArea, constraintCheckBuilder);
+      delayer.DoWithDelayedReadsChecks(false, wfo => {
+        CheckWellformedAndAssume(decl.Constraint, wfo, locals, constraintCheckBuilder, etran, "predicate subtype constraint");
+      });
+    }
+
+    PathAsideBlock(decl.Tok, constraintCheckBuilder, builder);
+    return builderInitializationArea;
+  }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.cs
index 115116be897..0652b8baeb0 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieGenerator.cs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
 using static Microsoft.Dafny.Util;
 using DafnyCore.Verifier;
+using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Triggers;
 using PODesc = Microsoft.Dafny.ProofObligationDescription;
 using static Microsoft.Dafny.GenericErrors;
@@ -84,6 +85,9 @@ public BoogieGenerator(ErrorReporter reporter, ProofDependencyManager depManager
       Bpl.Program boogieProgram = ReadPrelude();
       if (boogieProgram != null) {
         sink = boogieProgram;
+        foreach (var function in boogieProgram.TopLevelDeclarations.OfType<Bpl.Function>()) {
+          function.AlwaysRevealed = true;
+        }
         predef = FindPredefinedDecls(boogieProgram);
       }
     }
@@ -143,7 +147,7 @@ void ObjectInvariant() {
       Contract.Invariant(codeContext == null || codeContext.EnclosingModule == currentModule);
     }
 
-    [Pure]
+    [System.Diagnostics.Contracts.Pure]
     bool VisibleInScope(Declaration d) {
       Contract.Requires(d != null);
       if (d is ClassLikeDecl { NonNullTypeDecl: { } nntd }) {
@@ -153,7 +157,7 @@ bool VisibleInScope(Declaration d) {
       return d.IsVisibleInScope(currentScope);
     }
 
-    [Pure]
+    [System.Diagnostics.Contracts.Pure]
     bool VisibleInScope(Type t) {
       if (t is UserDefinedType udt && udt.ResolvedClass != null && !t.IsTypeParameter) {
         return VisibleInScope(udt.ResolvedClass);
@@ -161,19 +165,19 @@ bool VisibleInScope(Type t) {
       return true;
     }
 
-    [Pure]
+    [System.Diagnostics.Contracts.Pure]
     bool RevealedInScope(Declaration d) {
       Contract.Requires(d != null);
       return d.IsRevealedInScope(currentScope);
     }
 
-    [Pure]
+    [System.Diagnostics.Contracts.Pure]
     bool RevealedInScope(RevealableTypeDecl d) {
       Contract.Requires(d != null);
       return RevealedInScope(d.AsTopLevelDecl);
     }
 
-    [Pure]
+    [System.Diagnostics.Contracts.Pure]
     bool InVerificationScope(Declaration d) {
       Contract.Requires(d != null);
       if (!d.ShouldVerify(program.Compilation)) {
@@ -191,7 +195,7 @@ bool InVerificationScope(Declaration d) {
       return false;
     }
 
-    [Pure]
+    [System.Diagnostics.Contracts.Pure]
     bool InVerificationScope(RedirectingTypeDecl d) {
       Contract.Requires(d != null);
       Contract.Requires(d is Declaration);
@@ -802,6 +806,8 @@ public Bpl.Program DoTranslation(Program p, ModuleDefinition forModule) {
 
       filterOnlyMembers = false;
 
+      AddTraitParentAxioms();
+
       foreach (var c in tytagConstants.Values) {
         sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(c);
       }
@@ -809,8 +815,6 @@ public Bpl.Program DoTranslation(Program p, ModuleDefinition forModule) {
         sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(c);
       }
 
-      AddTraitParentAxioms();
-
       if (InsertChecksums) {
         foreach (var impl in sink.Implementations) {
           if (impl.FindAttribute("checksum") == null) {
@@ -1039,7 +1043,7 @@ private void CreateRevealableConstant(Function f) {
       if (!this.functionReveals.ContainsKey(f)) {
         // const reveal_FunctionA : bool
         Bpl.Constant revealTrigger =
-          new Bpl.Constant(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + f.FullName, Bpl.Type.Bool), false);
+          new Bpl.Constant(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix + f.FullName, Bpl.Type.Bool), false);
         sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(revealTrigger);
         Bpl.Expr revealTrigger_expr = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, revealTrigger);
         this.functionReveals[f] = revealTrigger_expr;
@@ -1073,40 +1077,47 @@ private void CreateRevealableConstant(Function f) {
     /// </summary>
     private void AddTraitParentAxioms() {
       foreach (ModuleDefinition m in program.RawModules()) {
-        foreach (TopLevelDecl d in m.TopLevelDecls) {
-          var c = d as TopLevelDeclWithMembers;
-          if (c == null || !RevealedInScope(d)) {
-            continue;
-          }
-          foreach (var parentType in c.ParentTraits) {
+        foreach (var c in m.TopLevelDecls.OfType<TopLevelDeclWithMembers>().Where(RevealedInScope)) {
+          foreach (var parentTypeInExtendsClause in c.ParentTraits) {
             var childType = UserDefinedType.FromTopLevelDecl(c.tok, c);
+            var parentType = (UserDefinedType)parentTypeInExtendsClause;
+            if (parentType.IsRefType) {
+              // use the nullable versions of the types
+              Contract.Assert(childType.IsRefType);
+              parentType = UserDefinedType.CreateNullableType(parentType);
+            } else {
+              childType = UserDefinedType.CreateNonNullTypeIfReferenceType(childType);
+            }
 
-            Bpl.Expr heap; var heapVar = BplBoundVar("$heap", predef.HeapType, out heap);
-            Bpl.Expr o; var oVar = BplBoundVar("$o", TrType(childType), out o);
-            Bpl.Expr oNotNull = childType.IsRefType ? Bpl.Expr.Neq(o, predef.Null) : Bpl.Expr.True;
+            var bvarsTypeParameters = MkTyParamBinders(GetTypeParams(c), out _);
 
-            var oj = BoxifyForTraitParent(c.tok, o, ((UserDefinedType)parentType.NormalizeExpand()).ResolvedClass, childType);
+            // axioms with "$IsBox(...) ==> ..." and "$IsAllocBox(...) ==> ..."
+            TypeBoundAxiomExpressions(c.tok, bvarsTypeParameters, childType, new List<Type>() { parentType },
+              out var isBoxExpr, out var isAllocBoxExpr);
 
-            List<Bpl.Expr> tyexprs;
-            var bvarsTypeParameters = MkTyParamBinders(GetTypeParams(c), out tyexprs);
+            var heapVar = BplBoundVar("$heap", predef.HeapType, out var heap);
+            var oVar = BplBoundVar("$o", TrType(childType), out var o);
+
+            var oj = BoxifyForTraitParent(c.tok, o, ((UserDefinedType)parentType.NormalizeExpand()).ResolvedClass, childType);
 
             // axiom (forall T: Ty, $o: ref ::
             //     { $Is($o, C(T)) }
-            //     $o != null && $Is($o, C(T)) ==> $Is($o, J(G(T)));
+            //     $Is($o, C(T)) ==> $Is($o, J(G(T)));
             var isC = MkIs(o, childType);
             var isJ = MkIs(oj, parentType);
             var bvs = new List<Bpl.Variable>();
             bvs.AddRange(bvarsTypeParameters);
             bvs.Add(oVar);
             var tr = BplTrigger(isC);
-            var body = BplImp(BplAnd(oNotNull, isC), isJ);
+            var body = BplImp(isC, isJ);
 
             sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(new Bpl.Axiom(c.tok, new Bpl.ForallExpr(c.tok, bvs, tr, body),
-              $"type axiom for trait parent: {d} extends {parentType}"));
+              $"type axiom for trait parent: {childType.Name} extends {parentType}"));
+            sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(new Bpl.Axiom(c.tok, isBoxExpr));
 
             // axiom (forall T: Ty, $Heap: Heap, $o: ref ::
             //     { $IsAlloc($o, C(T), $Heap) }
-            //     $o != null && $IsAlloc($o, C(T), $Heap) ==> $IsAlloc($o, J(G(T)), $Heap);
+            //     $IsAlloc($o, C(T), $Heap) ==> $IsAlloc($o, J(G(T)), $Heap);
             var isAllocC = MkIsAlloc(o, childType, heap);
             var isAllocJ = MkIsAlloc(oj, parentType, heap);
             bvs = new List<Bpl.Variable>();
@@ -1114,9 +1125,10 @@ private void AddTraitParentAxioms() {
             bvs.Add(oVar);
             bvs.Add(heapVar);
             tr = BplTrigger(isAllocC);
-            body = BplImp(BplAnd(oNotNull, isAllocC), isAllocJ);
+            body = BplImp(isAllocC, isAllocJ);
             sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(new Bpl.Axiom(c.tok, new Bpl.ForallExpr(c.tok, bvs, tr, body),
-              $"allocation axiom for trait parent: {d} extends {parentType}"));
+              $"allocation axiom for trait parent: {childType.Name} extends {parentType}"));
+            sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(new Bpl.Axiom(c.tok, isAllocBoxExpr));
           }
         }
       }
@@ -1498,7 +1510,7 @@ public Specialization(IVariable formal, MatchCase mc, Specialization prev, Boogi
       Contract.Requires(funcAppl != null);
       Contract.Requires(inParams != null);
 
-      var olderParameterCount = f.Formals.Count(formal => formal.IsOlder);
+      var olderParameterCount = f.Ins.Count(formal => formal.IsOlder);
       if (olderParameterCount == 0) {
         // nothing to do
         return (olderParameterCount, Bpl.Expr.True);
@@ -1522,7 +1534,7 @@ public Specialization(IVariable formal, MatchCase mc, Specialization prev, Boogi
         var wh = GetWhereClause(f.tok, th, ModuleResolver.GetReceiverType(f.tok, f), etran, ISALLOC, true);
         newer = BplAnd(newer, wh);
       }
-      foreach (var formal in f.Formals) {
+      foreach (var formal in f.Ins) {
         var p = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, inParams[i]);
         i++;
         var wh = GetWhereClause(formal.tok, p, formal.Type, etran, ISALLOC, true);
@@ -1619,7 +1631,7 @@ void AddFuelSuccSynonymAxiom(Function f, bool forHandle = false) {
         args0.Add(s);
       }
       if (!forHandle) {
-        foreach (var p in f.Formals) {
+        foreach (var p in f.Ins) {
           bv = new Bpl.BoundVariable(p.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), TrType(p.Type)));
           formals.Add(bv);
           s = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, bv);
@@ -1693,7 +1705,7 @@ void AddFuelZeroSynonymAxiom(Function f) {
         args1.Add(s);
         args0.Add(s);
       }
-      foreach (var p in f.Formals) {
+      foreach (var p in f.Ins) {
         bv = new Bpl.BoundVariable(p.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), TrType(p.Type)));
         formals.Add(bv);
         s = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(f.tok, bv);
@@ -1745,16 +1757,18 @@ Bpl.Expr InSeqRange(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr index, Type indexType, Bpl.Expr seq, bo
     ICallable codeContext = null;  // the method/iterator whose implementation is currently being translated or the function whose specification is being checked for well-formedness
     Bpl.LocalVariable yieldCountVariable = null;  // non-null when an iterator body is being translated
     bool inBodyInitContext = false;  // true during the translation of the .BodyInit portion of a divided constructor body
-    readonly Dictionary<string, Bpl.IdentifierExpr> definiteAssignmentTrackers = new Dictionary<string, Bpl.IdentifierExpr>();
+
+    public Dictionary<string, Bpl.IdentifierExpr> DefiniteAssignmentTrackers { get; } = new();
+
     bool assertAsAssume = false; // generate assume statements instead of assert statements
     Func<IToken, bool> assertionOnlyFilter = null; // generate assume statements instead of assert statements if not targeted by {:only}
     public enum StmtType { NONE, ASSERT, ASSUME };
     public StmtType stmtContext = StmtType.NONE;  // the Statement that is currently being translated
     public bool adjustFuelForExists = true;  // fuel need to be adjusted for exists based on whether exists is in assert or assume stmt.
 
-    public readonly FreshIdGenerator defaultIdGenerator = new FreshIdGenerator();
+    public readonly VerificationIdGenerator defaultIdGenerator = new VerificationIdGenerator();
 
-    public FreshIdGenerator CurrentIdGenerator {
+    public VerificationIdGenerator CurrentIdGenerator {
       get {
         var decl = codeContext as Declaration;
         if (decl != null) {
@@ -1969,7 +1983,7 @@ private void InsertChecksum(Function f, Bpl.Declaration decl, bool specification
         var printer = new Printer(writer, options);
         writer.Write(f.GetFunctionDeclarationKeywords(options));
         printer.PrintAttributes(f.Attributes);
-        printer.PrintFormals(f.Formals, f);
+        printer.PrintFormals(f.Ins, f);
         writer.Write(": ");
         printer.PrintType(f.ResultType);
         printer.PrintSpec("", f.Req, 0);
@@ -2036,7 +2050,7 @@ void GenerateImplPrelude(Method m, bool wellformednessProc, List<Variable> inPar
       }
     }
 
-    void DefineFrame(IToken/*!*/ tok, Boogie.IdentifierExpr frameIdentifier, List<FrameExpression/*!*/>/*!*/ frameClause,
+    public void DefineFrame(IToken/*!*/ tok, Boogie.IdentifierExpr frameIdentifier, List<FrameExpression/*!*/>/*!*/ frameClause,
       BoogieStmtListBuilder/*!*/ builder, List<Variable>/*!*/ localVariables, string name, ExpressionTranslator/*?*/ etran = null) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(frameIdentifier != null);
@@ -2070,7 +2084,7 @@ void DefineFrame(IToken/*!*/ tok, Boogie.IdentifierExpr frameIdentifier, List<Fr
       builder.Add(Bpl.Cmd.SimpleAssign(tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(tok, frame), lambda));
     }
 
-    void CheckFrameSubset(IToken tok, List<FrameExpression> calleeFrame,
+    public void CheckFrameSubset(IToken tok, List<FrameExpression> calleeFrame,
                           Expression receiverReplacement, Dictionary<IVariable, Expression /*!*/> substMap,
                           ExpressionTranslator /*!*/ etran, Boogie.IdentifierExpr /*!*/ enclosingFrame,
                           BoogieStmtListBuilder /*!*/ builder,
@@ -2083,14 +2097,14 @@ void CheckFrameSubset(IToken tok, List<FrameExpression> calleeFrame,
     void CheckFrameSubset(IToken tok, List<FrameExpression> calleeFrame,
                           Expression receiverReplacement, Dictionary<IVariable, Expression/*!*/> substMap,
                           ExpressionTranslator/*!*/ etran, Boogie.IdentifierExpr /*!*/ enclosingFrame,
-                          Action<IToken, Bpl.Expr, PODesc.ProofObligationDescription, Bpl.QKeyValue> MakeAssert,
+                          Action<IToken, Bpl.Expr, PODesc.ProofObligationDescription, Bpl.QKeyValue> makeAssert,
                           PODesc.ProofObligationDescription desc,
                           Bpl.QKeyValue kv) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(calleeFrame != null);
       Contract.Requires(receiverReplacement == null || substMap != null);
       Contract.Requires(etran != null);
-      Contract.Requires(MakeAssert != null);
+      Contract.Requires(makeAssert != null);
       Contract.Requires(predef != null);
 
       // emit: assert (forall o: ref, f: Field :: o != null && $Heap[o,alloc] && (o,f) in subFrame ==> enclosingFrame[o,f]);
@@ -2107,7 +2121,7 @@ void CheckFrameSubset(IToken tok, List<FrameExpression> calleeFrame,
       if (IsExprAlways(q, true)) {
         return;
       }
-      MakeAssert(tok, q, desc, kv);
+      makeAssert(tok, q, desc, kv);
     }
 
     void CheckFrameEmpty(IToken tok,
@@ -2316,7 +2330,7 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(DatatypeCtor ctor) {
       // the procedure itself
       var req = new List<Bpl.Requires>();
       // free requires mh == ModuleContextHeight && fh == TypeContextHeight;
-      req.Add(Requires(ctor.tok, true, etran.HeightContext(ctor.EnclosingDatatype), null, null, null));
+      req.Add(Requires(ctor.tok, true, null, etran.HeightContext(ctor.EnclosingDatatype), null, null, null));
       var heapVar = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(ctor.tok, "$Heap", false);
       var varlist = new List<Bpl.IdentifierExpr> { heapVar };
       var proc = new Bpl.Procedure(ctor.tok, "CheckWellformed" + NameSeparator + ctor.FullName, new List<Bpl.TypeVariable>(),
@@ -2327,7 +2341,7 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(DatatypeCtor ctor) {
 
       var implInParams = Bpl.Formal.StripWhereClauses(inParams);
       var locals = new List<Variable>();
-      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options);
+      var builder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(this, options, new BodyTranslationContext(false));
       builder.Add(new CommentCmd(string.Format("AddWellformednessCheck for datatype constructor {0}", ctor)));
       builder.AddCaptureState(ctor.tok, false, "initial state");
       isAllocContext = new IsAllocContext(options, true);
@@ -2337,9 +2351,11 @@ void AddWellformednessCheck(DatatypeCtor ctor) {
       // check well-formedness of each default-value expression
       foreach (var formal in ctor.Formals.Where(formal => formal.DefaultValue != null)) {
         var e = formal.DefaultValue;
-        CheckWellformed(e, new WFOptions(null, true, false, true), locals, builder, etran);
-        builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(e)));
-        CheckSubrange(e.tok, etran.TrExpr(e), e.Type, formal.Type, builder);
+        CheckWellformedWithResult(e, new WFOptions(null, true,
+            false, true), locals, builder, etran, (returnBuilder, result) => {
+              builder.Add(new Bpl.AssumeCmd(e.tok, etran.CanCallAssumption(e)));
+              CheckSubrange(result.tok, etran.TrExpr(result), e.Type, formal.Type, e, returnBuilder);
+            });
       }
 
       if (EmitImplementation(ctor.Attributes)) {
@@ -2394,7 +2410,7 @@ Bpl.Expr CtorInvocation(MatchCase mc, Type sourceType, ExpressionTranslator etra
         if (wh != null) {
           localTypeAssumptions.Add(TrAssumeCmd(p.tok, wh));
         }
-        CheckSubrange(p.tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, local), pFormalType, p.Type, localTypeAssumptions);
+        CheckSubrange(p.tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, local), pFormalType, p.Type, new IdentifierExpr(p.Tok, p), localTypeAssumptions);
         args.Add(CondApplyBox(mc.tok, new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(p.tok, local), cce.NonNull(p.Type), mc.Ctor.Formals[i].Type));
       }
       Bpl.IdentifierExpr id = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(mc.tok, mc.Ctor.FullName, predef.DatatypeType);
@@ -2479,7 +2495,7 @@ bool ReAssociateToTheRight(ref Expression expr) {
       return false;
     }
 
-    void CheckCasePatternShape<VT>(CasePattern<VT> pat, Bpl.Expr rhs, IToken rhsTok, Type rhsType, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder)
+    void CheckCasePatternShape<VT>(CasePattern<VT> pat, Expression dRhs, Bpl.Expr rhs, IToken rhsTok, Type rhsType, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder)
       where VT : class, IVariable {
       Contract.Requires(pat != null);
       Contract.Requires(rhs != null);
@@ -2487,7 +2503,7 @@ void CheckCasePatternShape<VT>(CasePattern<VT> pat, Bpl.Expr rhs, IToken rhsTok,
       Contract.Requires(rhsType != null);
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
       if (pat.Var != null) {
-        CheckSubrange(rhsTok, rhs, rhsType, pat.Var.Type, builder);
+        CheckSubrange(rhsTok, rhs, rhsType, pat.Var.Type, dRhs, builder);
       } else if (pat.Arguments != null) {
         Contract.Assert(pat.Ctor != null);  // follows from successful resolution
         Contract.Assert(pat.Arguments.Count == pat.Ctor.Destructors.Count);  // follows from successful resolution
@@ -2502,7 +2518,7 @@ void CheckCasePatternShape<VT>(CasePattern<VT> pat, Bpl.Expr rhs, IToken rhsTok,
           // There is only one constructor, so the value must have been constructed by it; might as well assume that here.
           builder.Add(TrAssumeCmd(pat.tok, correctConstructor));
         } else {
-          builder.Add(Assert(pat.tok, correctConstructor, new PODesc.PatternShapeIsValid(ctor.Name)));
+          builder.Add(Assert(pat.tok, correctConstructor, new PODesc.PatternShapeIsValid(dRhs, ctor.Name)));
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < pat.Arguments.Count; i++) {
           var arg = pat.Arguments[i];
@@ -2511,7 +2527,7 @@ void CheckCasePatternShape<VT>(CasePattern<VT> pat, Bpl.Expr rhs, IToken rhsTok,
           var r = new Bpl.NAryExpr(arg.tok, new Bpl.FunctionCall(GetReadonlyField(dtor)), new List<Bpl.Expr> { rhs });
           Type argType = dtor.Type.Subst(typeSubstMap);
           var de = CondApplyUnbox(arg.tok, r, dtor.Type, argType);
-          CheckCasePatternShape(arg, de, arg.tok, argType, builder);
+          CheckCasePatternShape(arg, arg.Expr, de, arg.tok, argType, builder);
         }
       }
     }
@@ -2530,7 +2546,7 @@ void CheckNonNull(IToken tok, Expression e, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, Expre
       } else if (e is StaticReceiverExpr) {
         // also ok
       } else {
-        builder.Add(Assert(tok, Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(e), predef.Null), new PODesc.NonNull("target object"), kv));
+        builder.Add(Assert(tok, Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(e), predef.Null), new PODesc.NonNull("target object", e), kv));
       }
     }
 
@@ -2550,6 +2566,7 @@ void CloneVariableAsBoundVar(IToken tok, IVariable iv, string prefix, out BoundV
 
       bv = new BoundVar(tok, CurrentIdGenerator.FreshId(prefix), iv.Type); // use this temporary variable counter, but for a Dafny name (the idea being that the number and the initial "_" in the name might avoid name conflicts)
       ie = new IdentifierExpr(tok, bv.Name);
+      bv.RangeToken = iv.RangeToken;
       ie.Var = bv;  // resolve here
       ie.Type = bv.Type;  // resolve here
     }
@@ -2760,14 +2777,23 @@ Bpl.Constant GetFieldNameFamily(string n) {
     /// This method is expected to be called just once for each function in the program.
     /// </summary>
     Bpl.Function GetOrCreateFunction(Function f) {
-      if (this.declarationMapping.TryGetValue(f, out var result)) {
+      if (declarationMapping.TryGetValue(f, out var result)) {
         return result;
       }
 
       Contract.Requires(f != null);
       Contract.Requires(predef != null && sink != null);
 
-      // declare the function
+      var func = GetFunctionBoogieDefinition(f);
+      sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(func);
+
+      sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(GetCanCallFunction(f));
+
+      declarationMapping[f] = func;
+      return func;
+    }
+
+    private Bpl.Function GetFunctionBoogieDefinition(Function f) {
       Bpl.Function func;
       {
         var formals = new List<Variable>();
@@ -2788,7 +2814,7 @@ Bpl.Function GetOrCreateFunction(Function f) {
         if (!f.IsStatic) {
           formals.Add(new Bpl.Formal(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, "this", TrReceiverType(f)), true));
         }
-        foreach (var p in f.Formals) {
+        foreach (var p in f.Ins) {
           formals.Add(new Bpl.Formal(p.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), TrType(p.Type)), true));
         }
         var res = new Bpl.Formal(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, Bpl.TypedIdent.NoName, TrType(f.ResultType)), false);
@@ -2796,10 +2822,12 @@ Bpl.Function GetOrCreateFunction(Function f) {
         if (InsertChecksums) {
           InsertChecksum(f, func);
         }
-        sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(func);
       }
+      return func;
+    }
 
-      // declare the corresponding canCall function
+    private Bpl.Function GetCanCallFunction(Function f) {
+      Bpl.Function canCallF;
       {
         var formals = new List<Variable>();
         formals.AddRange(MkTyParamFormals(GetTypeParams(f), false));
@@ -2812,16 +2840,13 @@ Bpl.Function GetOrCreateFunction(Function f) {
         if (!f.IsStatic) {
           formals.Add(new Bpl.Formal(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, "this", TrReceiverType(f)), true));
         }
-        foreach (var p in f.Formals) {
+        foreach (var p in f.Ins) {
           formals.Add(new Bpl.Formal(p.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(p.tok, p.AssignUniqueName(f.IdGenerator), TrType(p.Type)), true));
         }
         var res = new Bpl.Formal(f.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(f.tok, Bpl.TypedIdent.NoName, Bpl.Type.Bool), false);
-        var canCallF = new Bpl.Function(f.tok, f.FullSanitizedName + "#canCall", new List<Bpl.TypeVariable>(), formals, res);
-        sink.AddTopLevelDeclaration(canCallF);
+        canCallF = new Bpl.Function(f.tok, f.FullSanitizedName + "#canCall", new List<Bpl.TypeVariable>(), formals, res);
       }
-
-      declarationMapping[f] = func;
-      return func;
+      return canCallF;
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -2852,13 +2877,15 @@ Bpl.Function GetOrCreateFunction(Function f) {
     /// Note that SpecWellformedness and Implementation have procedure implementations
     /// but no callers, and vice versa for InterModuleCall, IntraModuleCall, and CoCall.
     /// </summary>
-    enum MethodTranslationKind { SpecWellformedness, Call, CoCall, Implementation, OverrideCheck }
+    enum MethodTranslationKind { SpecWellformedness, CallPre, CallPost, CoCallPre, CoCallPost, Implementation, OverrideCheck }
 
     private static readonly Dictionary<MethodTranslationKind, string> kindSanitizedPrefix =
       new() {
         { MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness, "CheckWellFormed" },
-        { MethodTranslationKind.Call, "Call" },
-        { MethodTranslationKind.CoCall, "CoCall" },
+        { MethodTranslationKind.CallPre, "CallPre" },
+        { MethodTranslationKind.CallPost, "CallPost" },
+        { MethodTranslationKind.CoCallPre, "CoCallPre" },
+        { MethodTranslationKind.CoCallPost, "CoCallPost" },
         { MethodTranslationKind.Implementation, "Impl" },
         { MethodTranslationKind.OverrideCheck, "OverrideCheck" },
       };
@@ -2871,8 +2898,10 @@ static string MethodName(ICodeContext m, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
     private static readonly Dictionary<MethodTranslationKind, string> kindDescription =
       new Dictionary<MethodTranslationKind, string>() {
         {MethodTranslationKind.SpecWellformedness, "well-formedness"},
-        {MethodTranslationKind.Call, "call"},
-        {MethodTranslationKind.CoCall, "co-call"},
+        {MethodTranslationKind.CallPre, "call precondtion"},
+        {MethodTranslationKind.CallPost, "call postcondition"},
+        {MethodTranslationKind.CoCallPre, "co-call precondtion"},
+        {MethodTranslationKind.CoCallPost, "co-call postcondition"},
         {MethodTranslationKind.Implementation, "correctness"},
         {MethodTranslationKind.OverrideCheck, "override check"},
       };
@@ -2951,7 +2980,7 @@ private void GenerateMethodParametersChoose(IToken tok, IMethodCodeContext m, Me
         }
       }
       if (includeOutParams) {
-        Contract.Assume(definiteAssignmentTrackers.Count == 0);
+        Contract.Assume(DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Count == 0);
         foreach (Formal p in m.Outs) {
           Contract.Assert(VisibleInScope(p.Type));
           Contract.Assert(!p.IsOld);  // out-parameters are never old (perhaps we want to relax this condition in the future)
@@ -2969,7 +2998,7 @@ private void GenerateMethodParametersChoose(IToken tok, IMethodCodeContext m, Me
         }
         // tear down definite-assignment trackers
         m.Outs.ForEach(RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTracker);
-        Contract.Assert(definiteAssignmentTrackers.Count == 0);
+        Contract.Assert(DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Count == 0);
 
         if (kind == MethodTranslationKind.Implementation) {
           outParams.Add(new Bpl.Formal(tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(tok, "$_reverifyPost", Bpl.Type.Bool), false));
@@ -3166,26 +3195,30 @@ public BoilerplateTriple(IToken tok, bool isFree, Bpl.Expr expr, string errorMes
       return new Bpl.ForallExpr(tok, new List<TypeVariable>(), new List<Variable> { oVar, fVar }, null, tr, BplImp(ante, consequent));
     }
     // ----- Type ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    // Translates a type into the representation Boogie type,
-    // c.f. TypeToTy which translates a type to its Boogie expression
-    // to be used in $Is and $IsAlloc.
-    Bpl.Type TrType(Type type) {
-      Contract.Requires(type != null);
-      Contract.Requires(predef != null);
-      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Type>() != null);
 
+    static Type NormalizeToVerificationTypeRepresentation(Type type) {
       while (true) {
         type = type.NormalizeExpand();
         if (type is TypeProxy) {
-          Contract.Assume(false);  // we assume that all proxies should have been dealt with in the resolver
+          Contract.Assume(false);  // we assume that all proxies have been dealt with in the resolver
         }
-        var d = type.AsNewtype;
-        if (d == null) {
+        if (type.AsNewtype is not { } newtypeDecl) {
           break;
-        } else {
-          type = d.BaseType;  // the Boogie type to be used for the newtype is the same as for the base type
         }
+        type = newtypeDecl.RhsWithArgument(type.TypeArgs);  // the Boogie type to be used for the newtype is the same as for the base type
       }
+      return type;
+    }
+
+    // Translates a type into the representation Boogie type,
+    // c.f. TypeToTy which translates a type to its Boogie expression
+    // to be used in $Is and $IsAlloc.
+    Bpl.Type TrType(Type type) {
+      Contract.Requires(type != null);
+      Contract.Requires(predef != null);
+      Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Type>() != null);
+
+      type = NormalizeToVerificationTypeRepresentation(type);
 
       if (type is BoolType) {
         return Bpl.Type.Bool;
@@ -3229,6 +3262,14 @@ Bpl.Type TrType(Type type) {
       }
     }
 
+    public Bpl.Expr AdaptBoxing(Bpl.IToken tok, Bpl.Expr e, Type fromType, Type toType) {
+      if (fromType.IsTypeParameter) {
+        return CondApplyUnbox(tok, e, fromType, toType);
+      } else {
+        return CondApplyBox(tok, e, fromType, toType);
+      }
+    }
+
     public Bpl.Expr CondApplyBox(Bpl.IToken tok, Bpl.Expr e, Type fromType, Type toType) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(e != null);
@@ -3341,7 +3382,7 @@ public Boogie.Expr BoxifyForTraitParent(Bpl.IToken tok, Boogie.Expr obj, TopLeve
 
     public static bool ModeledAsBoxType(Type t) {
       Contract.Requires(t != null);
-      t = t.NormalizeExpand();
+      t = NormalizeToVerificationTypeRepresentation(t);
       if (t is TypeProxy) {
         // unresolved proxy
         return false;
@@ -3373,7 +3414,7 @@ public override IToken WithVal(string newVal) {
       }
     }
 
-    Bpl.PredicateCmd Assert(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr condition, PODesc.ProofObligationDescription description, Bpl.QKeyValue kv = null) {
+    public Bpl.PredicateCmd Assert(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr condition, PODesc.ProofObligationDescription description, Bpl.QKeyValue kv = null) {
       var cmd = Assert(tok, condition, description, tok, kv);
       return cmd;
     }
@@ -3428,19 +3469,19 @@ Bpl.Ensures EnsuresWithDependencies(IToken tok, bool free, Expression dafnyCondi
       Contract.Requires(dafnyCondition != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Ensures>() != null);
 
-      var ens = Ensures(tok, free, condition, errorMessage, successMessage, comment);
+      var ens = Ensures(tok, free, dafnyCondition, condition, errorMessage, successMessage, comment);
       proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(ens, tok, new EnsuresDependency(tok, dafnyCondition));
       return ens;
     }
 
-    Bpl.Ensures Ensures(IToken tok, bool free, Bpl.Expr condition, string errorMessage, string successMessage, string comment) {
+    Bpl.Ensures Ensures(IToken tok, bool free, Expression dafnyCondition, Bpl.Expr condition, string errorMessage, string successMessage, string comment) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(condition != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Ensures>() != null);
 
       var unwrappedToken = ForceCheckToken.Unwrap(tok);
       Bpl.Ensures ens = new Bpl.Ensures(unwrappedToken, free, condition, comment);
-      var description = new PODesc.EnsuresDescription(errorMessage, successMessage);
+      var description = new PODesc.EnsuresDescription(dafnyCondition, errorMessage, successMessage);
       ens.Description = description;
       if (!free) {
         ReportAssertion(unwrappedToken, description);
@@ -3453,21 +3494,22 @@ Bpl.Requires RequiresWithDependencies(IToken tok, bool free, Expression dafnyCon
       Contract.Requires(dafnyCondition != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Ensures>() != null);
 
-      var req = Requires(tok, free, condition, errorMessage, successMessage, comment);
+      var req = Requires(tok, free, dafnyCondition, condition, errorMessage, successMessage, comment);
       proofDependencies?.AddProofDependencyId(req, tok, new RequiresDependency(tok, dafnyCondition));
       return req;
     }
 
-    Bpl.Requires Requires(IToken tok, bool free, Bpl.Expr condition, string errorMessage, string successMessage, string comment) {
+    Bpl.Requires Requires(IToken tok, bool free, Expression dafnyCondition, Bpl.Expr bCondition, string errorMessage, string successMessage, string comment) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
-      Contract.Requires(condition != null);
+      Contract.Requires(bCondition != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.Requires>() != null);
-      Bpl.Requires req = new Bpl.Requires(ForceCheckToken.Unwrap(tok), free, condition, comment);
-      req.Description = new PODesc.RequiresDescription(errorMessage, successMessage);
+      Bpl.Requires req = new Bpl.Requires(ForceCheckToken.Unwrap(tok), free, bCondition, comment);
+      req.Description = new PODesc.RequiresDescription(dafnyCondition, errorMessage, successMessage);
       return req;
     }
 
-    Bpl.StmtList TrStmt2StmtList(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, Statement block, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    Bpl.StmtList TrStmt2StmtList(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder,
+      Statement block, List<Variable> locals, ExpressionTranslator etran, bool introduceScope = false) {
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
       Contract.Requires(block != null);
       Contract.Requires(locals != null);
@@ -3475,7 +3517,7 @@ Bpl.StmtList TrStmt2StmtList(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, Statement block, Lis
       Contract.Requires(codeContext != null && predef != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<Bpl.StmtList>() != null);
 
-      TrStmt(block, builder, locals, etran);
+      TrStmtList(new List<Statement> { block }, builder, locals, etran, introduceScope ? block.RangeToken : null, processLabels: false);
       return builder.Collect(block.Tok);  // TODO: would be nice to have an end-curly location for "block"
     }
 
@@ -3484,7 +3526,7 @@ Bpl.StmtList TrStmt2StmtList(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, Statement block, Lis
     ///     if (*) { S ; assume false; }
     /// where "S" is the given "builderToCollect".  This method consumes what has been built up in "builderToCollect".
     /// </summary>
-    void PathAsideBlock(IToken tok, BoogieStmtListBuilder builderToCollect, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
+    public void PathAsideBlock(IToken tok, BoogieStmtListBuilder builderToCollect, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(builderToCollect != null);
       Contract.Requires(builderToCollect != null);
@@ -3556,7 +3598,7 @@ private void ReportAssertion(IToken tok, PODesc.ProofObligationDescription descr
 
     delegate void BodyTranslator(BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etr);
 
-    List<Bpl.Expr> trTypeArgs(Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, List<TypeParameter> tyArgs) {
+    List<Bpl.Expr> TrTypeArgs(Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type> tySubst, List<TypeParameter> tyArgs) {
       var res = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
       foreach (var p in tyArgs) {
         res.Add(TypeToTy(tySubst[p]));
@@ -3577,7 +3619,7 @@ Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> SetupBoundVarsAsLocals(List<BoundVar> boundVar
       var substMap = new Dictionary<IVariable, Expression>();
       foreach (BoundVar bv in boundVars) {
         LocalVariable local = new LocalVariable(bv.RangeToken, nameSuffix == null ? bv.Name : bv.Name + nameSuffix, bv.Type, bv.IsGhost);
-        local.type = local.OptionalType;  // resolve local here
+        local.type = local.SyntacticType;  // resolve local here
         IdentifierExpr ie = new IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator));
         ie.Var = local; ie.Type = ie.Var.Type;  // resolve ie here
         substMap.Add(bv, ie);
@@ -3622,7 +3664,7 @@ Bpl.Expr SetupVariableAsLocal(IVariable v, Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> sub
       Contract.Requires(etran != null);
 
       var local = new LocalVariable(v.RangeToken, v.Name, v.Type, v.IsGhost);
-      local.type = local.OptionalType;  // resolve local here
+      local.type = local.SyntacticType;  // resolve local here
       var ie = new IdentifierExpr(local.Tok, local.AssignUniqueName(currentDeclaration.IdGenerator));
       ie.Var = local; ie.Type = ie.Var.Type;  // resolve ie here
       substMap.Add(v, ie);
@@ -3642,7 +3684,7 @@ Bpl.Expr SetupVariableAsLocal(IVariable v, Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> sub
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
       Contract.Requires(decreases != null);
       List<Bpl.Expr> oldBfs = new List<Bpl.Expr>();
-      var idGen = new FreshIdGenerator();
+      var idGen = new VerificationIdGenerator();
       foreach (Expression e in decreases) {
         Contract.Assert(e != null);
         Bpl.LocalVariable bfVar = new Bpl.LocalVariable(e.tok, new Bpl.TypedIdent(e.tok, idGen.FreshId(varPrefix), TrType(cce.NonNull(e.Type))));
@@ -3794,15 +3836,15 @@ Bpl.Expr MkIsBox(Bpl.Expr x, Type t) {
     }
 
     // Boxes, if necessary
-    Bpl.Expr MkIs(Bpl.Expr x, Type t) {
-      return MkIs(x, TypeToTy(t), ModeledAsBoxType(t));
+    Bpl.Expr MkIs(Bpl.Expr x, Type t, Bpl.IToken tok = null) {
+      return MkIs(x, TypeToTy(t), ModeledAsBoxType(t), tok);
     }
 
-    Bpl.Expr MkIs(Bpl.Expr x, Bpl.Expr t, bool box = false) {
+    Bpl.Expr MkIs(Bpl.Expr x, Bpl.Expr t, bool box = false, Bpl.IToken tok = null) {
       if (box) {
-        return FunctionCall(x.tok, BuiltinFunction.IsBox, null, x, t);
+        return FunctionCall(tok ?? x.tok, BuiltinFunction.IsBox, null, x, t);
       } else {
-        return FunctionCall(x.tok, BuiltinFunction.Is, null, x, t);
+        return FunctionCall(tok ?? x.tok, BuiltinFunction.Is, null, x, t);
       }
     }
 
@@ -3848,6 +3890,7 @@ Bpl.Expr GetWhereClause(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr x, Type type, ExpressionTranslator
       }
 
       var normType = type.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints();
+      var verificationType = NormalizeToVerificationTypeRepresentation(type);
       Bpl.Expr isAlloc;
       if (type.IsNumericBased() || type.IsBitVectorType || type.IsBoolType || type.IsCharType || type.IsBigOrdinalType) {
         isAlloc = null;
@@ -3864,7 +3907,7 @@ Bpl.Expr GetWhereClause(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr x, Type type, ExpressionTranslator
       if (alwaysUseSymbolicName) {
         // go for the symbolic name
         isPred = MkIs(x, normType);
-      } else if (normType is BoolType || normType is IntType || normType is RealType || normType is BigOrdinalType) {
+      } else if (normType is BoolType or IntType or RealType or BigOrdinalType) {
         // nothing to do
       } else if (normType is BitvectorType) {
         var t = (BitvectorType)normType;
@@ -3873,7 +3916,7 @@ Bpl.Expr GetWhereClause(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr x, Type type, ExpressionTranslator
           return Bpl.Expr.Eq(BplBvLiteralExpr(tok, BaseTypes.BigNum.ZERO, t), x);
         }
       } else if ((normType.AsTypeSynonym != null || normType.AsNewtype != null) &&
-        (normType.IsNumericBased() || normType.IsBitVectorType || normType.IsBoolType)) {
+        (verificationType.IsNumericBased() || verificationType.IsBitVectorType || verificationType.IsBoolType)) {
         var constraint = ModuleResolver.GetImpliedTypeConstraint(new BoogieWrapper(x, normType), normType);
         isPred = etran.TrExpr(constraint);
       } else {
@@ -3883,58 +3926,81 @@ Bpl.Expr GetWhereClause(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr x, Type type, ExpressionTranslator
       return isAlloc == null ? isPred : isPred == null ? isAlloc : BplAnd(isPred, isAlloc);
     }
 
-    // Returns an expression, which, if false, means that the two LHS expressions are
+    // Returns expressions, which, if false, means that the two LHS expressions are
     // not distinct; if null then the LHSs are trivially distinct
-    Bpl.Expr CheckDistinctness(Expression lhsa, Expression lhsb, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    void CheckDistinctness(Expression lhsa, Expression lhsb, ExpressionTranslator etran, out Expression dExpr, out Bpl.Expr bExpr) {
+      // Helper functions to make the following more concise
+      Expression DfyBin(BinaryExpr.Opcode op, Expression e0, Expression e1) =>
+        new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, op, e0, e1);
+      Expression DfyOr(Expression e0, Expression e1) => DfyBin(BinaryExpr.Opcode.Or, e0, e1);
+      Expression DfyNeq(Expression e0, Expression e1) => DfyBin(BinaryExpr.Opcode.Neq, e0, e1);
+      Expression DfyLe(Expression e0, Expression e1) => DfyBin(BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, e0, e1);
+      Expression DfyLt(Expression e0, Expression e1) => DfyBin(BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, e0, e1);
+
       {
+        dExpr = null;
+        bExpr = null;
         if (lhsa is IdentifierExpr iea && lhsb is IdentifierExpr ieb) {
           if (iea.Name != ieb.Name) {
-            return null;
+            return;
           }
 
-          return Bpl.Expr.False;
+          dExpr = new LiteralExpr(Token.NoToken, false);
+          bExpr = Bpl.Expr.False;
+          return;
         }
       }
       {
         if (lhsa is MemberSelectExpr iea && lhsb is MemberSelectExpr ieb) {
           if (iea.Member is Field fa && ieb.Member is Field fb) {
             if (fa != fb) {
-              return null;
+              return;
             }
 
-            return Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(iea.Obj), etran.TrExpr(ieb.Obj));
+            dExpr = DfyNeq(iea.Obj, ieb.Obj);
+            bExpr = Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(iea.Obj), etran.TrExpr(ieb.Obj));
+            return;
           }
         }
       }
       {
         if (lhsa is SeqSelectExpr iea && lhsb is SeqSelectExpr ieb) {
-          Bpl.Expr ex = Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(iea.Seq), etran.TrExpr(ieb.Seq));
+          dExpr = DfyNeq(iea.Seq, ieb.Seq);
+          bExpr = Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(iea.Seq), etran.TrExpr(ieb.Seq));
+
           if (iea.E1 == null && ieb.E1 == null) {
-            ex = BplOr(ex, Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(iea.E0), etran.TrExpr(ieb.E0)));
+            dExpr = DfyOr(dExpr, DfyNeq(iea.E0, ieb.E0));
+            bExpr = BplOr(bExpr, Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(iea.E0), etran.TrExpr(ieb.E0)));
           } else if (iea.E1 == null && ieb.E1 != null) {
-            ex = BplOr(ex, Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(ieb.E1), etran.TrExpr(iea.E0)));
-            ex = BplOr(ex, Bpl.Expr.Lt(etran.TrExpr(iea.E0), etran.TrExpr(ieb.E0)));
+            dExpr = DfyOr(dExpr, DfyLe(ieb.E1, iea.E0));
+            dExpr = DfyOr(dExpr, DfyLt(iea.E0, ieb.E0));
+            bExpr = BplOr(bExpr, Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(ieb.E1), etran.TrExpr(iea.E0)));
+            bExpr = BplOr(bExpr, Bpl.Expr.Lt(etran.TrExpr(iea.E0), etran.TrExpr(ieb.E0)));
           } else if (iea.E1 != null && ieb.E1 == null) {
-            ex = BplOr(ex, Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(iea.E1), etran.TrExpr(ieb.E0)));
-            ex = BplOr(ex, Bpl.Expr.Lt(etran.TrExpr(ieb.E0), etran.TrExpr(iea.E0)));
+            dExpr = DfyOr(dExpr, DfyLe(iea.E1, ieb.E0));
+            dExpr = DfyOr(dExpr, DfyLt(ieb.E0, iea.E0));
+            bExpr = BplOr(bExpr, Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(iea.E1), etran.TrExpr(ieb.E0)));
+            bExpr = BplOr(bExpr, Bpl.Expr.Lt(etran.TrExpr(ieb.E0), etran.TrExpr(iea.E0)));
           } else {
-            ex = BplOr(ex, Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(iea.E1), etran.TrExpr(ieb.E0)));
-            ex = BplOr(ex, Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(ieb.E1), etran.TrExpr(iea.E0)));
+            dExpr = DfyOr(dExpr, DfyLe(iea.E1, ieb.E0));
+            dExpr = DfyOr(dExpr, DfyLe(ieb.E1, iea.E0));
+            bExpr = BplOr(bExpr, Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(iea.E1), etran.TrExpr(ieb.E0)));
+            bExpr = BplOr(bExpr, Bpl.Expr.Le(etran.TrExpr(ieb.E1), etran.TrExpr(iea.E0)));
           }
-          return ex;
+
+          return;
         }
       }
       {
         if (lhsa is MultiSelectExpr iea && lhsb is MultiSelectExpr ieb && iea.Indices.Count == ieb.Indices.Count) {
-          Bpl.Expr ex = Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(iea.Array), etran.TrExpr(ieb.Array));
+          dExpr = DfyNeq(iea.Array, ieb.Array);
+          bExpr = Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(iea.Array), etran.TrExpr(ieb.Array));
           for (int i = 0; i < iea.Indices.Count; i++) {
-            ex = BplOr(ex, Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(iea.Indices[i]), etran.TrExpr(ieb.Indices[i])));
+            dExpr = DfyOr(dExpr, DfyNeq(iea.Indices[i], ieb.Indices[i]));
+            bExpr = BplOr(bExpr, Bpl.Expr.Neq(etran.TrExpr(iea.Indices[i]), etran.TrExpr(ieb.Indices[i])));
           }
-          return ex;
         }
       }
-
-      return null;
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -3946,7 +4012,16 @@ string SurrogateName(Field field) {
       return "this." + field.Name;
     }
 
-    Bpl.Expr GetSubrangeCheck(Bpl.Expr bSource, Type sourceType, Type targetType, out PODesc.ProofObligationDescription desc, string errorMessagePrefix = "") {
+    // Surrounds the given subrange-check expression with necessary context (e.g. quantifier bounds)
+    public delegate Expression SubrangeCheckContext(Expression check);
+
+    Bpl.Expr GetSubrangeCheck(
+      Bpl.IToken tok,
+      Bpl.Expr bSource, Type sourceType, Type targetType,
+      // allow null for checked expressions that cannot necessarily be named without side effects, such as method out-params
+      [CanBeNull] Expression source,
+      [CanBeNull] SubrangeCheckContext context,
+      out PODesc.ProofObligationDescription desc, string errorMessagePrefix = "") {
       Contract.Requires(bSource != null);
       Contract.Requires(sourceType != null);
       Contract.Requires(targetType != null);
@@ -3961,14 +4036,23 @@ Bpl.Expr GetSubrangeCheck(Bpl.Expr bSource, Type sourceType, Type targetType, ou
       Bpl.Expr cre;
       if (udt?.ResolvedClass is RedirectingTypeDecl redirectingTypeDecl &&
           ModeledAsBoxType((redirectingTypeDecl as NewtypeDecl)?.BaseType ?? redirectingTypeDecl.Var.Type)) {
-        cre = MkIs(BoxIfNecessary(bSource.tok, bSource, sourceType), TypeToTy(targetType), true);
+        cre = MkIs(BoxIfNecessary(bSource.tok, bSource, sourceType), TypeToTy(targetType), true, tok);
       } else if (ModeledAsBoxType(sourceType)) {
-        cre = MkIs(bSource, TypeToTy(targetType), true);
+        cre = MkIs(bSource, TypeToTy(targetType), true, tok);
       } else if (targetType is UserDefinedType targetUdt) {
-        cre = MkIs(BoxifyForTraitParent(bSource.tok, bSource, udt.ResolvedClass, sourceType), targetType);
+        cre = MkIs(BoxifyForTraitParent(bSource.tok, bSource, udt.ResolvedClass, sourceType), targetType, tok);
       } else {
-        cre = MkIs(bSource, targetType);
+        cre = MkIs(bSource, targetType, tok);
       }
+
+      Expression dafnyCheck = null;
+      context ??= (e => e);
+      if (source != null) {
+        dafnyCheck = context(new TypeTestExpr(source.Tok, source, targetType));
+      }
+      // type checks of the form `f is T -> U` are only available in the refreshed type system
+      var canTestFunctionTypes = options.Get(CommonOptionBag.TypeSystemRefresh);
+
       if (udt != null && udt.IsRefType) {
         var s = sourceType.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints();
         var certain = false;
@@ -3977,37 +4061,41 @@ Bpl.Expr GetSubrangeCheck(Bpl.Expr bSource, Type sourceType, Type targetType, ou
           certain = udt.ResolvedClass.TypeArgs.Count == 0;
           cause = "it may be null";
         }
-        desc = new PODesc.SubrangeCheck(errorMessagePrefix, sourceType.ToString(), targetType.ToString(), false, certain, cause);
+        desc = new PODesc.SubrangeCheck(errorMessagePrefix, sourceType.ToString(), targetType.ToString(), false, certain, cause, dafnyCheck);
       } else if (udt != null && ArrowType.IsTotalArrowTypeName(udt.Name)) {
         desc = new PODesc.SubrangeCheck(errorMessagePrefix, sourceType.ToString(), targetType.ToString(), true, false,
-          "it may be partial or have read effects");
+          "it may be partial or have read effects",
+          canTestFunctionTypes ? dafnyCheck : null
+        );
       } else if (udt != null && ArrowType.IsPartialArrowTypeName(udt.Name)) {
         desc = new PODesc.SubrangeCheck(errorMessagePrefix, sourceType.ToString(), targetType.ToString(), true, false,
-          "it may have read effects");
+          "it may have read effects",
+          canTestFunctionTypes ? dafnyCheck : null
+        );
       } else {
         desc = new PODesc.SubrangeCheck(errorMessagePrefix, sourceType.ToString(), targetType.ToString(),
           targetType.NormalizeExpandKeepConstraints() is UserDefinedType {
             ResolvedClass: SubsetTypeDecl or NewtypeDecl { Var: { } }
           },
-          false, null);
+          false, null, dafnyCheck);
       }
       return cre;
     }
 
-    void CheckSubrange(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr bSource, Type sourceType, Type targetType, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, string errorMsgPrefix = "") {
+    void CheckSubrange(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr bSource, Type sourceType, Type targetType, Expression source, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, string errorMsgPrefix = "") {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(bSource != null);
       Contract.Requires(sourceType != null);
       Contract.Requires(targetType != null);
       Contract.Requires(builder != null);
 
-      var cre = GetSubrangeCheck(bSource, sourceType, targetType, out var desc, errorMsgPrefix);
+      var cre = GetSubrangeCheck(tok, bSource, sourceType, targetType, source, null, out var desc, errorMsgPrefix);
       if (cre != null) {
         builder.Add(Assert(tok, cre, desc));
       }
     }
 
-    void Check_NewRestrictions(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr obj, Field f, Bpl.Expr rhs, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
+    void Check_NewRestrictions(IToken tok, Expression dObj, Bpl.Expr obj, Field f, Bpl.Expr rhs, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder, ExpressionTranslator etran) {
       Contract.Requires(tok != null);
       Contract.Requires(obj != null);
       Contract.Requires(f != null);
@@ -4021,7 +4109,7 @@ void Check_NewRestrictions(IToken tok, Bpl.Expr obj, Field f, Bpl.Expr rhs, Boog
         var fId = new Bpl.IdentifierExpr(tok, GetField(f));
         var subset = FunctionCall(tok, BuiltinFunction.SetSubset, null, rhs,
           ApplyUnbox(tok, ReadHeap(tok, etran.HeapExpr, obj, fId), predef.SetType));
-        builder.Add(Assert(tok, subset, new PODesc.AssignmentShrinks(f.Name)));
+        builder.Add(Assert(tok, subset, new PODesc.AssignmentShrinks(dObj, f.Name)));
       }
     }
 
@@ -4510,25 +4598,26 @@ internal IsAllocType Var(bool ghostStmt, NonglobalVariable var) {
       }
     }
 
-    List<SplitExprInfo/*!*/>/*!*/ TrSplitExpr(Expression expr, ExpressionTranslator etran, bool apply_induction, out bool splitHappened) {
+    List<SplitExprInfo> /*!*/ TrSplitExpr(BodyTranslationContext context, Expression expr, ExpressionTranslator etran, bool applyInduction,
+      out bool splitHappened) {
       Contract.Requires(expr != null);
       Contract.Requires(etran != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<List<SplitExprInfo>>() != null);
 
       var splits = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-      splitHappened = TrSplitExpr(expr, splits, true, int.MaxValue, true, apply_induction, etran);
+      splitHappened = TrSplitExpr(context, expr, splits, true, int.MaxValue, true, applyInduction, etran);
       return splits;
     }
 
-    List<SplitExprInfo> TrSplitExprForMethodSpec(Expression expr, ExpressionTranslator etran, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
+    List<SplitExprInfo> TrSplitExprForMethodSpec(BodyTranslationContext context, Expression expr, ExpressionTranslator etran, MethodTranslationKind kind) {
       Contract.Requires(expr != null);
       Contract.Requires(etran != null);
       Contract.Ensures(Contract.Result<List<SplitExprInfo>>() != null);
 
       var splits = new List<SplitExprInfo>();
-      var apply_induction = kind == MethodTranslationKind.Implementation;
+      var applyInduction = kind == MethodTranslationKind.Implementation;
       bool splitHappened;  // we don't actually care
-      splitHappened = TrSplitExpr(expr, splits, true, int.MaxValue, kind != MethodTranslationKind.Call, apply_induction, etran);
+      splitHappened = TrSplitExpr(context, expr, splits, true, int.MaxValue, kind != MethodTranslationKind.CallPost, applyInduction, etran);
       return splits;
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieStmtListBuilder.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieStmtListBuilder.cs
index f3f3b247447..8053210c2e3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieStmtListBuilder.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/BoogieStmtListBuilder.cs
@@ -1,19 +1,40 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
-  internal class BoogieStmtListBuilder {
+  public class BoogieStmtListBuilder {
     public DafnyOptions Options { get; }
+    public BodyTranslationContext Context { get; set; }
     public StmtListBuilder builder;
+    public readonly List<object> Commands;
     public BoogieGenerator tran;
 
-    public BoogieStmtListBuilder(BoogieGenerator tran, DafnyOptions options) {
-      builder = new Boogie.StmtListBuilder();
+    public BoogieStmtListBuilder WithContext(BodyTranslationContext context) {
+      if (context == Context) {
+        return this;
+      }
+      return new BoogieStmtListBuilder(Commands, builder, tran, Options, context);
+    }
+
+    private BoogieStmtListBuilder(List<object> commands, StmtListBuilder builder, BoogieGenerator tran, DafnyOptions options, BodyTranslationContext context) {
+      Commands = commands;
+      this.builder = builder;
       this.tran = tran;
-      this.Options = options;
+      Options = options;
+      Context = context;
+    }
+
+    public BoogieStmtListBuilder(BoogieGenerator tran, DafnyOptions options, BodyTranslationContext context) {
+      builder = new StmtListBuilder();
+      this.tran = tran;
+      Options = options;
+      Commands = new();
+      Context = context;
     }
 
     public void Add(Cmd cmd) {
+      Commands.Add(cmd);
       builder.Add(cmd);
       if (cmd is Boogie.AssertCmd) {
         tran.assertionCount++;
@@ -31,14 +52,22 @@ public void Add(Cmd cmd) {
     }
 
     public void Add(StructuredCmd scmd) {
+      Commands.Add(scmd);
       builder.Add(scmd);
       if (scmd is Boogie.WhileCmd whyle && whyle.Invariants.Any(inv => inv is Boogie.AssertCmd)) {
         tran.assertionCount++;
       }
     }
 
-    public void Add(TransferCmd tcmd) { builder.Add(tcmd); }
-    public void AddLabelCmd(string label) { builder.AddLabelCmd(label); }
+    public void Add(TransferCmd tcmd) {
+      Commands.Add(tcmd);
+      builder.Add(tcmd);
+    }
+
+    public void AddLabelCmd(string label) {
+      Commands.Add(label);
+      builder.AddLabelCmd(label);
+    }
     public void AddLocalVariable(string name) { builder.AddLocalVariable(name); }
 
     public StmtList Collect(Boogie.IToken tok) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/FreshIdGenerator.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/FreshIdGenerator.cs
index 4196ea040c1..d6f71d52623 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/FreshIdGenerator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/FreshIdGenerator.cs
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
-  public class FreshIdGenerator {
+  public abstract class FreshIdGenerator {
     string tipString;  // a string representation of Tip
     int tipChildrenCount = 0;
     readonly Stack<Dictionary<string, int>> prefixToCountStack = new();  // invariant PrefixToCount_Stack.Count == Tip.Count
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ public FreshIdGenerator() {
       prefixToCountStack.Push(new());
     }
 
-    private FreshIdGenerator(string commonPrefix) : this() {
+    protected FreshIdGenerator(string commonPrefix) : this() {
       this.commonPrefix = commonPrefix;
     }
 
@@ -50,11 +51,7 @@ public string FreshId(string prefix) {
       return commonPrefix + prefix + FreshNumericId(prefix);
     }
 
-    public FreshIdGenerator NestedFreshIdGenerator(string prefix) {
-      return new(FreshId(prefix));
-    }
-
-    public string FreshNumericId(string prefix = "") {
+    public virtual string FreshNumericId(string prefix = "") {
       var prefixToCount = prefixToCountStack.Peek();
       lock (prefixToCount) {
         if (!prefixToCount.TryGetValue(prefix, out var old)) {
@@ -64,5 +61,22 @@ public string FreshNumericId(string prefix = "") {
         return tipString == null ? old.ToString() : tipString + "_" + old.ToString();
       }
     }
+
+    public override string ToString() {
+      throw new InvalidOperationException("Did not expect to convert the fresh Id generator itself to a string");
+    }
+  }
+
+  public class CodeGenIdGenerator : FreshIdGenerator {
+  }
+
+  public class VerificationIdGenerator : FreshIdGenerator {
+    public VerificationIdGenerator() {
+    }
+    public VerificationIdGenerator(string commonPrefix) : base(commonPrefix) {
+    }
+    public VerificationIdGenerator NestedFreshIdGenerator(string prefix) {
+      return new(FreshId(prefix));
+    }
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/OpaqueBlockVerifier.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/OpaqueBlockVerifier.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bc890a890aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/OpaqueBlockVerifier.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
+using Microsoft.Dafny;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.ProofObligationDescription;
+using Formal = Microsoft.Dafny.Formal;
+using DafnyIdentifierExpr = Microsoft.Dafny.IdentifierExpr;
+using BoogieIdentifierExpr = Microsoft.Boogie.IdentifierExpr;
+using ProofObligationDescription = Microsoft.Dafny.ProofObligationDescription.ProofObligationDescription;
+using Token = Microsoft.Dafny.Token;
+
+namespace DafnyCore.Verifier;
+
+public static class OpaqueBlockVerifier {
+  public static void EmitBoogie(BoogieGenerator generator, OpaqueBlock block, BoogieStmtListBuilder builder,
+    List<Variable> locals, BoogieGenerator.ExpressionTranslator etran, IMethodCodeContext codeContext) {
+
+    var hasModifiesClause = block.Modifies.Expressions.Any();
+    var blockBuilder = new BoogieStmtListBuilder(generator, builder.Options, builder.Context);
+
+    var bodyTranslator = GetBodyTranslator(generator, block, locals, etran, hasModifiesClause, blockBuilder);
+    var prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount = generator.DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.Count;
+    generator.TrStmtList(block.Body, blockBuilder, locals, bodyTranslator, block.RangeToken);
+    generator.RemoveDefiniteAssignmentTrackers(block.Body, prevDefiniteAssignmentTrackerCount);
+
+    var assignedVariables = block.DescendantsAndSelf.
+      SelectMany(s => s.GetAssignedLocals()).Select(ie => ie.Var)
+      .ToHashSet();
+    List<AttributedExpression> totalEnsures = new();
+
+    var variablesUsedInEnsures = block.Ensures.SelectMany(ae => ae.E.DescendantsAndSelf).
+      OfType<DafnyIdentifierExpr>().DistinctBy(ie => ie.Var);
+    var implicitAssignedIdentifiers = variablesUsedInEnsures.Where(
+      v => assignedVariables.Contains(v.Var) && generator.DefiniteAssignmentTrackers.ContainsKey(v.Var.UniqueName));
+    foreach (var v in implicitAssignedIdentifiers) {
+      var expression = new AttributedExpression(Expression.CreateAssigned(v.Tok, v));
+      totalEnsures.Add(expression);
+      blockBuilder.Add(generator.Assert(
+        v.Tok, etran.TrExpr(expression.E),
+        new DefiniteAssignment("variable", v.Var.Name, "here")));
+    }
+
+    foreach (var ensure in block.Ensures) {
+      totalEnsures.Add(ensure);
+      blockBuilder.Add(generator.Assert(
+        ensure.Tok, etran.TrExpr(ensure.E),
+        new OpaqueEnsuresDescription(),
+        etran.TrAttributes(ensure.Attributes, null)));
+    }
+
+    if (hasModifiesClause) {
+      var context = new OpaqueBlockContext(codeContext, block);
+      if (context is IMethodCodeContext methodCodeContext) {
+        generator.CheckFrameSubset(
+          block.Tok, block.Modifies.Expressions,
+          null, null, etran, etran.ModifiesFrame(block.Tok), blockBuilder, new ModifyFrameSubset(
+            "opaque block",
+            block.Modifies.Expressions,
+            methodCodeContext.Modifies.Expressions
+          ), null);
+      }
+    }
+
+    generator.PathAsideBlock(block.Tok, blockBuilder, builder);
+    builder.Add(new HavocCmd(Token.NoToken, assignedVariables.Select(v => new BoogieIdentifierExpr(v.Tok, v.UniqueName)).ToList()));
+
+    if (hasModifiesClause) {
+      generator.ApplyModifiesEffect(block, etran, builder, block.Modifies, true, block.IsGhost);
+    }
+
+    foreach (var ensure in totalEnsures) {
+      generator.CheckWellformedAndAssume(ensure.E, new WFOptions(null, false),
+        locals, builder, etran, null);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static BoogieGenerator.ExpressionTranslator GetBodyTranslator(BoogieGenerator generator, OpaqueBlock block, List<Variable> locals,
+    BoogieGenerator.ExpressionTranslator etran, bool hasModifiesClause, BoogieStmtListBuilder blockBuilder) {
+    BoogieGenerator.ExpressionTranslator bodyTranslator;
+    if (hasModifiesClause) {
+      string modifyFrameName = BoogieGenerator.FrameVariablePrefix + generator.CurrentIdGenerator.FreshId("opaque#");
+      generator.DefineFrame(block.Tok, etran.ModifiesFrame(block.Tok), block.Modifies.Expressions, blockBuilder, locals, modifyFrameName);
+      bodyTranslator = etran.WithModifiesFrame(modifyFrameName);
+    } else {
+      bodyTranslator = etran;
+    }
+
+    return bodyTranslator;
+  }
+
+  class OpaqueEnsuresDescription : ProofObligationDescription {
+    public override string SuccessDescription => "ensures always holds";
+
+    public override string FailureDescription => "ensures might not hold";
+
+    public override string ShortDescription => "opaque block ensure clause";
+    public override bool IsImplicit => false;
+  }
+
+  class OpaqueBlockContext : CallableWrapper, IMethodCodeContext {
+    private readonly IMethodCodeContext callable;
+    private readonly OpaqueBlock opaqueBlock;
+
+    public OpaqueBlockContext(IMethodCodeContext callable, OpaqueBlock opaqueBlock)
+      : base(callable, callable.IsGhost) {
+      this.callable = callable;
+      this.opaqueBlock = opaqueBlock;
+    }
+
+    public List<Formal> Outs => callable.Outs;
+
+    public Specification<FrameExpression> Modifies => opaqueBlock.Modifies;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/ProofObligationDescription.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/ProofObligationDescription.cs
index 6c0c5460d5b..a83a9be9c58 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/ProofObligationDescription.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/ProofObligationDescription.cs
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Linq.Expressions;
+using System.Text;
 using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
 
@@ -9,6 +12,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.ProofObligationDescription;
 
 public abstract class ProofObligationDescription : Boogie.ProofObligationDescription {
   public virtual bool IsImplicit => true;
+
   // An expression that, if verified, would trigger a success for this ProofObligationDescription
   // It is only printed for the user, so it does not need to be resolved.
   public virtual Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
@@ -23,7 +27,43 @@ protected static Expression ToSubstitutableExpression(BoundVar bvar) {
     return new ParensExpression(bvar.tok, expression) { Type = bvar.Type, ResolvedExpression = expression };
   }
 
+  // Returns a list of primed copies of the given `BoundVar`s.
+  protected static List<BoundVar> MakePrimedBoundVars(List<BoundVar> bvars) {
+    return bvars.Select(bvar => new BoundVar(Token.NoToken, bvar.Name + "'", bvar.Type)).ToList();
+  }
+
+  // Returns a substitution map from each given `BoundVar`s to a substitutable expression of a primed copy of the var.
+  protected static Dictionary<IVariable, Expression> MakePrimedBoundVarSubstMap(List<BoundVar> bvars, out List<BoundVar> primedVars, out List<Expression> primedExprs) {
+    primedVars = MakePrimedBoundVars(bvars);
+    primedExprs = primedVars.Select(ToSubstitutableExpression).ToList();
+    return bvars.Zip(primedExprs).ToDictionary(item => item.Item1 as IVariable, item => item.Item2);
+  }
+
+  // Creates primed copies of the given `BoundVar`s along with a Substituter for substituting the primed vars,
+  // and also returns a combined quantifier range of the form
+  //
+  //   range && range[i0 := i0', i1 := i1', ...] && (i0 != i0' || i1 != i1' || ...)
+  //
+  // Made for use in comparing expressions across loop iterations / quantified bodies.
+  protected static void MakePrimedBoundVarsAndRange(List<BoundVar> bvars, Expression range,
+    out List<BoundVar> primedVars, out Substituter sub, out Expression combinedRange) {
+    var substMap = MakePrimedBoundVarSubstMap(bvars, out primedVars, out _);
+    sub = new Substituter(null, substMap, new());
+
+    var rangeAndRangePrime = new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And, range, sub.Substitute(range));
+    var indicesDistinct = bvars
+      .Select(var =>
+        new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Neq, ToSubstitutableExpression(var), substMap[var]))
+      .Aggregate((acc, disjunct) =>
+        new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Or, acc, disjunct));
+    combinedRange = new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And, rangeAndRangePrime, indicesDistinct);
+  }
+
   public virtual bool ProvedOutsideUserCode => false;
+
+  public virtual string GetExtraExplanation() {
+    return null;
+  }
 }
 
 //// Arithmetic and logical operators, conversions
@@ -50,9 +90,11 @@ public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
 
 public abstract class ShiftOrRotateBound : ProofObligationDescription {
   protected readonly string shiftOrRotate;
+  protected readonly Expression amount;
 
-  public ShiftOrRotateBound(bool shift) {
+  public ShiftOrRotateBound(bool shift, Expression amount) {
     shiftOrRotate = shift ? "shift" : "rotate";
+    this.amount = amount;
   }
 }
 
@@ -65,8 +107,12 @@ public class ShiftLowerBound : ShiftOrRotateBound {
 
   public override string ShortDescription => $"{shiftOrRotate} lower bound";
 
-  public ShiftLowerBound(bool shift)
-    : base(shift) {
+  public ShiftLowerBound(bool shift, Expression amount)
+    : base(shift, amount) {
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(amount.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(amount.tok, 0), amount);
   }
 }
 
@@ -81,10 +127,14 @@ public class ShiftUpperBound : ShiftOrRotateBound {
 
   private readonly int width;
 
-  public ShiftUpperBound(int width, bool shift)
-    : base(shift) {
+  public ShiftUpperBound(int width, bool shift, Expression amount)
+    : base(shift, amount) {
     this.width = width;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(amount.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, amount, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(amount.tok, width));
+  }
 }
 
 public class ConversionIsNatural : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -97,9 +147,15 @@ public class ConversionIsNatural : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "converted value is natural";
 
   private readonly string prefix;
+  private readonly Expression value;
 
-  public ConversionIsNatural(string prefix) {
+  public ConversionIsNatural(string prefix, Expression value) {
     this.prefix = prefix;
+    this.value = value;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new TypeTestExpr(value.tok, value, Type.Nat());
   }
 }
 
@@ -115,11 +171,17 @@ public class ConversionSatisfiesConstraints : ProofObligationDescription {
   private readonly string prefix;
   private readonly string kind;
   private readonly string name;
+  private readonly Expression constraint;
 
-  public ConversionSatisfiesConstraints(string prefix, string kind, string name) {
+  public ConversionSatisfiesConstraints(string prefix, string kind, string name, Expression constraint) {
     this.prefix = prefix;
     this.kind = kind;
     this.name = name;
+    this.constraint = constraint;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return constraint;
   }
 }
 
@@ -131,6 +193,16 @@ public class OrdinalSubtractionIsNatural : ProofObligationDescription {
     "RHS of ORDINAL subtraction must be a natural number, but the given RHS might be larger";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "ordinal subtraction is natural";
+
+  private readonly Expression rhs;
+
+  public OrdinalSubtractionIsNatural(Expression rhs) {
+    this.rhs = rhs;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new ExprDotName(rhs.tok, rhs, "IsNat", null);
+  }
 }
 
 public class OrdinalSubtractionUnderflow : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -141,6 +213,23 @@ public class OrdinalSubtractionUnderflow : ProofObligationDescription {
     "ORDINAL subtraction might underflow a limit ordinal (that is, RHS might be too large)";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "ordinal subtraction underflow";
+
+  private readonly Expression lhs;
+  private readonly Expression rhs;
+
+  public OrdinalSubtractionUnderflow(Expression lhs, Expression rhs) {
+    this.lhs = lhs;
+    this.rhs = rhs;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(
+      rhs.tok,
+      BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le,
+      new ExprDotName(rhs.tok, rhs, "Offset", null),
+      new ExprDotName(lhs.tok, lhs, "Offset", null)
+    );
+  }
 }
 
 public class CharOverflow : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -151,6 +240,24 @@ public class CharOverflow : ProofObligationDescription {
     "char addition might overflow";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "char overflow";
+
+  private readonly Expression e0;
+  private readonly Expression e1;
+
+  public CharOverflow(Expression e0, Expression e1) {
+    this.e0 = e0;
+    this.e1 = e1;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    var sum = new BinaryExpr(
+      e0.tok,
+      BinaryExpr.Opcode.Add,
+      new ConversionExpr(e0.tok, e0, Type.Int),
+      new ConversionExpr(e1.tok, e1, Type.Int)
+    );
+    return Utils.MakeCharBoundsCheck(options, sum);
+  }
 }
 
 public class CharUnderflow : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -161,6 +268,24 @@ public class CharUnderflow : ProofObligationDescription {
     "char subtraction might underflow";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "char underflow";
+
+  private readonly Expression e0;
+  private readonly Expression e1;
+
+  public CharUnderflow(Expression e0, Expression e1) {
+    this.e0 = e0;
+    this.e1 = e1;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    var diff = new BinaryExpr(
+      e0.tok,
+      BinaryExpr.Opcode.Sub,
+      new ConversionExpr(e0.tok, e0, Type.Int),
+      new ConversionExpr(e1.tok, e1, Type.Int)
+    );
+    return Utils.MakeCharBoundsCheck(options, diff);
+  }
 }
 
 public class ConversionFit : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -175,12 +300,18 @@ public class ConversionFit : ProofObligationDescription {
   private readonly string prefix;
   private readonly string what;
   private readonly Type toType;
+  private readonly Expression boundsCheck;
 
-  public ConversionFit(string what, Type toType, string prefix = "") {
+  public ConversionFit(string what, Type toType, Expression boundsCheck, string prefix = "") {
     this.prefix = prefix;
     this.what = what;
+    this.boundsCheck = boundsCheck;
     this.toType = toType;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return boundsCheck;
+  }
 }
 
 public class NonNegative : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -193,9 +324,20 @@ public class NonNegative : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "non-negative";
 
   private readonly string what;
+  private readonly Expression expr;
 
-  public NonNegative(string what) {
+  public NonNegative(string what, Expression expr) {
     this.what = what;
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(
+      expr.tok,
+      BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le,
+      Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, 0),
+      expr
+    );
   }
 }
 
@@ -211,11 +353,22 @@ public class ConversionPositive : ProofObligationDescription {
   private readonly string prefix;
   private readonly string what;
   private readonly Type toType;
+  private readonly Expression expr;
 
-  public ConversionPositive(string what, Type toType, string prefix = "") {
+  public ConversionPositive(string what, Type toType, Expression expr, string prefix = "") {
     this.prefix = prefix;
     this.what = what;
     this.toType = toType;
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(
+      expr.tok,
+      BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le,
+      Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, 0),
+      expr
+    );
   }
 }
 
@@ -229,10 +382,21 @@ public class IsInteger : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "is integer";
 
   private readonly string prefix;
+  private readonly Expression expr;
 
-  public IsInteger(string prefix = "") {
+  public IsInteger(Expression expr, string prefix = "") {
+    this.expr = expr;
     this.prefix = prefix;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(
+      expr.tok,
+      BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq,
+      expr,
+      new ConversionExpr(expr.tok, new ExprDotName(expr.tok, expr, "Floor", null), Type.Real)
+    );
+  }
 }
 
 //// Object properties
@@ -246,14 +410,20 @@ public class NonNull : ProofObligationDescription {
 
   public override string ShortDescription => $"{what} non-null";
   private readonly string what;
+  private readonly Expression expr;
   private bool plural;
   private string PluralSuccess => plural ? "each " : "";
   private string PluralFailure => plural ? "some " : "";
 
-  public NonNull(string what, bool plural = false) {
+  public NonNull(string what, Expression expr, bool plural = false) {
     this.what = what;
+    this.expr = expr;
     this.plural = plural;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Neq, expr, new LiteralExpr(expr.tok));
+  }
 }
 
 public class IsAllocated : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -267,6 +437,8 @@ public class IsAllocated : ProofObligationDescription {
 
   private readonly string what;
   [CanBeNull] private readonly string when;
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+  [CanBeNull] private readonly Label atLabel;
   private bool plural;
   private string WhenSuffix => when is null ? "" : $" {when}";
   private string PluralSuccess => plural ? "each " : "";
@@ -277,11 +449,17 @@ public static string HelperFormal(Formal formal) {
            + " arguments can refer to expressions possibly unallocated in the previous state";
   }
 
-  public IsAllocated(string what, string when, bool plural = false) {
+  public IsAllocated(string what, string when, Expression expr, [CanBeNull] Label atLabel = null, bool plural = false) {
     this.what = what;
     this.when = when;
+    this.expr = expr;
+    this.atLabel = atLabel;
     this.plural = plural;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new OldExpr(expr.tok, new UnaryOpExpr(expr.tok, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Allocated, expr), atLabel?.Name);
+  }
 }
 
 public class IsOlderProofObligation : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -345,8 +523,15 @@ public class PreconditionSatisfied : ProofObligationDescriptionCustomMessages {
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "precondition";
 
-  public PreconditionSatisfied([CanBeNull] string customErrMsg, [CanBeNull] string customSuccessMsg)
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public PreconditionSatisfied(Expression expr, [CanBeNull] string customErrMsg, [CanBeNull] string customSuccessMsg)
     : base(customErrMsg, customSuccessMsg) {
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
   }
 }
 
@@ -363,7 +548,7 @@ public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
     return AssertStatement.Expr;
   }
 
-  public AssertStmt AssertStatement { get; }
+  public PredicateStmt AssertStatement { get; }
 
   // We provide a way to mark an assertion as an intentional element of a
   // proof by contradiction with the `{:contradiction}` attribute. Dafny
@@ -371,7 +556,7 @@ public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
   // assumptions.
   public bool IsIntentionalContradiction => Attributes.Contains(AssertStatement.Attributes, "contradiction");
 
-  public AssertStatementDescription(AssertStmt assertStmt, [CanBeNull] string customErrMsg, [CanBeNull] string customSuccessMsg)
+  public AssertStatementDescription(PredicateStmt assertStmt, [CanBeNull] string customErrMsg, [CanBeNull] string customSuccessMsg)
     : base(customErrMsg, customSuccessMsg) {
     this.AssertStatement = assertStmt;
   }
@@ -389,8 +574,15 @@ public class RequiresDescription : ProofObligationDescriptionCustomMessages {
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "requires";
 
-  public RequiresDescription([CanBeNull] string customErrMsg, [CanBeNull] string customSuccessMsg)
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public RequiresDescription(Expression expr, [CanBeNull] string customErrMsg, [CanBeNull] string customSuccessMsg)
     : base(customErrMsg, customSuccessMsg) {
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
   }
 }
 
@@ -411,11 +603,18 @@ public class EnsuresDescription : ProofObligationDescriptionCustomMessages {
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "ensures";
 
-  public EnsuresDescription([CanBeNull] string customErrMsg, [CanBeNull] string customSuccessMsg)
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public EnsuresDescription(Expression expr, [CanBeNull] string customErrMsg, [CanBeNull] string customSuccessMsg)
     : base(customErrMsg, customSuccessMsg) {
+    this.expr = expr;
   }
 
   public override bool IsImplicit => false;
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
+  }
 }
 
 public class LoopInvariant : ProofObligationDescriptionCustomMessages {
@@ -427,8 +626,15 @@ public class LoopInvariant : ProofObligationDescriptionCustomMessages {
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "loop invariant";
 
-  public LoopInvariant([CanBeNull] string customErrMsg, [CanBeNull] string customSuccessMsg)
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public LoopInvariant(Expression expr, [CanBeNull] string customErrMsg, [CanBeNull] string customSuccessMsg)
     : base(customErrMsg, customSuccessMsg) {
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
   }
 }
 
@@ -440,6 +646,39 @@ public class CalculationStep : ProofObligationDescription {
     "the calculation step between the previous line and this line could not be proved";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "calc step";
+
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+  private readonly BlockStmt hints;
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
+  }
+
+  public override string GetExtraExplanation() {
+    if (hints is null || hints.Body is null || hints.Body.Count == 0) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    StringBuilder builder = new();
+    builder.Append("\n  asserted after the following statements:");
+
+    // These can be deeply nested for some reason
+    List<Statement> stmts = hints.Body;
+    while (stmts.Count == 1 && stmts[0] is BlockStmt bs) {
+      stmts = bs.Body;
+    }
+
+    foreach (var stmt in stmts) {
+      builder.Append($"\n    {stmt}");
+    }
+
+    return builder.ToString();
+  }
+
+  public CalculationStep(Expression expr, BlockStmt hints) {
+    this.expr = expr;
+    this.hints = hints;
+  }
 }
 
 public class EnsuresStronger : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -452,6 +691,16 @@ public class EnsuresStronger : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "ensures stronger";
 
   public override bool ProvedOutsideUserCode => true;
+
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public EnsuresStronger(Expression expr) {
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
+  }
 }
 
 public class RequiresWeaker : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -464,6 +713,16 @@ public class RequiresWeaker : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "requires weaker";
 
   public override bool ProvedOutsideUserCode => true;
+
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public RequiresWeaker(Expression expr) {
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
+  }
 }
 
 public class ForallPostcondition : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -474,6 +733,16 @@ public class ForallPostcondition : ProofObligationDescription {
     "possible violation of postcondition of forall statement";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "forall ensures";
+
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public ForallPostcondition(Expression expr) {
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
+  }
 }
 
 public class YieldEnsures : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -484,6 +753,16 @@ public class YieldEnsures : ProofObligationDescription {
     "possible violation of yield-ensures condition";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "yield ensures";
+
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public YieldEnsures(Expression expr) {
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
+  }
 }
 
 public class TraitFrame : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -502,10 +781,18 @@ public class TraitFrame : ProofObligationDescription {
 
   private readonly string whatKind;
   private bool isModify;
+  private readonly List<FrameExpression> subsetFrames;
+  private readonly List<FrameExpression> supersetFrames;
 
-  public TraitFrame(string whatKind, bool isModify) {
+  public TraitFrame(string whatKind, bool isModify, List<FrameExpression> subsetFrames, List<FrameExpression> supersetFrames) {
     this.whatKind = whatKind;
     this.isModify = isModify;
+    this.subsetFrames = subsetFrames;
+    this.supersetFrames = supersetFrames;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return Utils.MakeDafnyMultiFrameCheck(supersetFrames, subsetFrames);
   }
 }
 
@@ -521,9 +808,15 @@ public class TraitDecreases : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override bool ProvedOutsideUserCode => true;
 
   private readonly string whatKind;
+  private readonly Expression expr;
 
-  public TraitDecreases(string whatKind) {
+  public TraitDecreases(string whatKind, Expression expr) {
     this.whatKind = whatKind;
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
   }
 }
 
@@ -579,14 +872,26 @@ public string ExtendedFailureHint() {
   public override string ShortDescription => "read frame subset";
 
   private readonly string whatKind;
+  private readonly Expression assertedExpr;
   private readonly Expression readExpression;
   [CanBeNull] private readonly IFrameScope scope;
 
-  public ReadFrameSubset(string whatKind, Expression readExpression = null, [CanBeNull] IFrameScope scope = null) {
+  public ReadFrameSubset(string whatKind, FrameExpression subsetFrame, List<FrameExpression> supersetFrames, Expression readExpression = null, [CanBeNull] IFrameScope scope = null)
+    : this(whatKind, new List<FrameExpression> { subsetFrame }, supersetFrames, readExpression, scope) { }
+
+  public ReadFrameSubset(string whatKind, List<FrameExpression> subsetFrames, List<FrameExpression> supersetFrames, Expression readExpression = null, [CanBeNull] IFrameScope scope = null)
+    : this(whatKind, Utils.MakeDafnyMultiFrameCheck(supersetFrames, subsetFrames), readExpression, scope) { }
+
+  public ReadFrameSubset(string whatKind, Expression assertedExpr, Expression readExpression = null, [CanBeNull] IFrameScope scope = null) {
     this.whatKind = whatKind;
+    this.assertedExpr = assertedExpr;
     this.readExpression = readExpression;
     this.scope = scope;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return assertedExpr;
+  }
 }
 
 public class ModifyFrameSubset : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -599,9 +904,17 @@ public class ModifyFrameSubset : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "modify frame subset";
 
   private readonly string whatKind;
+  private readonly List<FrameExpression> subsetFrames;
+  private readonly List<FrameExpression> supersetFrames;
 
-  public ModifyFrameSubset(string whatKind) {
+  public ModifyFrameSubset(string whatKind, List<FrameExpression> subsetFrames, List<FrameExpression> supersetFrames) {
     this.whatKind = whatKind;
+    this.subsetFrames = subsetFrames;
+    this.supersetFrames = supersetFrames;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return Utils.MakeDafnyMultiFrameCheck(supersetFrames, subsetFrames);
   }
 }
 
@@ -613,6 +926,16 @@ public class FrameDereferenceNonNull : ProofObligationDescription {
     "frame expression might dereference null";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "frame dereference";
+
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public FrameDereferenceNonNull(Expression expr) {
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Neq, expr, new LiteralExpr(Token.NoToken));
+  }
 }
 
 public class Terminates : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -628,13 +951,48 @@ public class Terminates : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "termination";
 
   private readonly bool inferredDescreases;
-  private readonly bool isLoop;
+  private bool isLoop => prevGhostLocals is not null;
   private readonly string hint;
   private string FormDescription => isLoop ? "expression" : "clause";
 
-  public Terminates(bool inferredDescreases, bool isLoop, string hint = null) {
+  private readonly Expression allowance;
+  private readonly List<Expression> oldExpressions;
+  private readonly List<Expression> newExpressions;
+  private readonly List<VarDeclStmt> prevGhostLocals;
+  private bool allowNoChange;
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    Expression expr = new DecreasesToExpr(Token.NoToken, oldExpressions, newExpressions, allowNoChange);
+    if (allowance is not null) {
+      expr = Expression.CreateOr(allowance, expr);
+    }
+    return expr;
+  }
+
+  public override string GetExtraExplanation() {
+    var builder = new StringBuilder();
+    if (prevGhostLocals is not null) {
+      builder.Append("\n  with the label `LoopEntry` applied to the loop");
+      if (prevGhostLocals.Count > 0) {
+        builder.Append("\n  and with the following declarations at the beginning of the loop body:");
+        foreach (var decl in prevGhostLocals) {
+          builder.Append($"\n    {decl}");
+        }
+      }
+
+      return builder.ToString();
+    }
+
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  public Terminates(bool inferredDescreases, List<VarDeclStmt> prevGhostLocals, Expression allowance, List<Expression> oldExpressions, List<Expression> newExpressions, bool allowNoChange, string hint = null) {
     this.inferredDescreases = inferredDescreases;
-    this.isLoop = isLoop;
+    this.prevGhostLocals = prevGhostLocals;
+    this.allowance = allowance;
+    this.oldExpressions = oldExpressions;
+    this.newExpressions = newExpressions;
+    this.allowNoChange = allowNoChange;
     this.hint = hint;
   }
 }
@@ -654,12 +1012,37 @@ public class DecreasesBoundedBelow : ProofObligationDescription {
   private readonly string zeroStr;
   private readonly string suffix;
   private readonly int N, k;
+  private readonly Expression bound;
+  private readonly List<VarDeclStmt> prevGhostLocals;
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions _) {
+    return bound;
+  }
+
+  public override string GetExtraExplanation() {
+    var builder = new StringBuilder();
+    if (prevGhostLocals is not null) {
+      builder.Append("\n  with the label `LoopEntry` applied to the loop");
+      if (prevGhostLocals.Count > 0) {
+        builder.Append("\n  and with the following declarations at the beginning of the loop body:");
+        foreach (var decl in prevGhostLocals) {
+          builder.Append($"\n    {decl}");
+        }
+      }
+
+      return builder.ToString();
+    }
+
+    return null;
+  }
 
-  public DecreasesBoundedBelow(int N, int k, string zeroStr, string suffix) {
+  public DecreasesBoundedBelow(int N, int k, string zeroStr, List<VarDeclStmt> prevGhostLocals, Expression bound, string suffix) {
     this.N = N;
     this.k = k;
     this.zeroStr = zeroStr;
     this.suffix = suffix;
+    this.prevGhostLocals = prevGhostLocals;
+    this.bound = bound;
   }
 }
 
@@ -673,9 +1056,19 @@ public class Modifiable : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "modifiable";
 
   private readonly string description;
+  private readonly List<FrameExpression> frames;
+  private readonly Expression obj;
+  private readonly Field field;
 
-  public Modifiable(string description) {
+  public Modifiable(string description, List<FrameExpression> frames, Expression obj, Field field) {
     this.description = description;
+    this.frames = frames;
+    this.obj = obj;
+    this.field = field;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return Utils.MakeDafnyFrameCheck(frames, obj, field);
   }
 }
 
@@ -694,8 +1087,15 @@ public class FunctionContractOverride : ProofObligationDescription {
   private string RestrictionDesc =>
     isEnsures ? "more detailed postcondition" : "more permissive precondition";
 
-  public FunctionContractOverride(bool isEnsures) {
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public FunctionContractOverride(bool isEnsures, Expression expr) {
     this.isEnsures = isEnsures;
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
   }
 }
 
@@ -718,6 +1118,18 @@ public MatchIsComplete(string matchForm, string missing) {
     this.matchForm = matchForm;
     this.missing = missing;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new LiteralExpr(Token.NoToken, false);
+  }
+
+  // ReSharper disable once UnusedMember.Global
+  public override string GetExtraExplanation() {
+    return (
+      "\n  in an added catch-all case:"
+      + "\n    case _ => ..."
+    );
+  }
 }
 
 public class AlternativeIsComplete : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -730,6 +1142,18 @@ public class AlternativeIsComplete : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "alternative complete";
 
   public override bool ProvedOutsideUserCode => true;
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new LiteralExpr(Token.NoToken, false);
+  }
+
+  // ReSharper disable once UnusedMember.Global
+  public override string GetExtraExplanation() {
+    return (
+      "\n  in an added catch-all case:"
+      + "\n    case true => ..."
+    );
+  }
 }
 
 public class PatternShapeIsValid : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -741,11 +1165,17 @@ public class PatternShapeIsValid : ProofObligationDescription {
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "pattern shape valid";
 
+  private readonly Expression expr;
   private readonly string ctorName;
 
-  public PatternShapeIsValid(string ctorName) {
+  public PatternShapeIsValid(Expression expr, string ctorName) {
+    this.expr = expr;
     this.ctorName = ctorName;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new ExprDotName(Token.NoToken, expr, ctorName + "?", null);
+  }
 }
 
 public class ValidConstructorNames : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -758,9 +1188,17 @@ public class ValidConstructorNames : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "valid constructor names";
 
   private readonly string ctorNames;
+  private readonly Expression root;
+  private readonly List<DatatypeCtor> ctors;
+
+  public ValidConstructorNames(Expression root, List<DatatypeCtor> ctors) {
+    this.ctorNames = DatatypeDestructor.PrintableCtorNameList(ctors, "or");
+    this.root = root;
+    this.ctors = ctors;
+  }
 
-  public ValidConstructorNames(string ctorNames) {
-    this.ctorNames = ctorNames;
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return Utils.MakeIsOneCtorAssertion(root, ctors);
   }
 }
 
@@ -775,10 +1213,18 @@ public class DestructorValid : ProofObligationDescription {
 
   private readonly string dtorName;
   private readonly string ctorNames;
+  private readonly Expression root;
+  private readonly List<DatatypeCtor> ctors;
+
+  public DestructorValid(DatatypeDestructor dtor, Expression root, List<DatatypeCtor> ctors) {
+    this.dtorName = dtor.Name;
+    this.ctorNames = dtor.EnclosingCtorNames("or");
+    this.root = root;
+    this.ctors = ctors;
+  }
 
-  public DestructorValid(string dtorName, string ctorNames) {
-    this.dtorName = dtorName;
-    this.ctorNames = ctorNames;
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return Utils.MakeIsOneCtorAssertion(root, ctors);
   }
 }
 
@@ -793,15 +1239,22 @@ public class NotGhostVariant : ProofObligationDescription {
 
   private readonly string subject;
   private readonly string ctorNames;
+  private readonly Expression root;
+  private readonly List<DatatypeCtor> ctors;
 
-  public NotGhostVariant(string subject, List<DatatypeCtor> ctors) {
+  public NotGhostVariant(string subject, Expression root, List<DatatypeCtor> ctors) {
     this.subject = subject;
     this.ctorNames = DatatypeDestructor.PrintableCtorNameList(ctors, "or");
+    this.root = root;
+    this.ctors = ctors;
   }
 
-  public NotGhostVariant(string whatKind, string dtorNames, List<DatatypeCtor> ctors) {
-    this.subject = $"{whatKind} {dtorNames}";
-    this.ctorNames = DatatypeDestructor.PrintableCtorNameList(ctors, "or");
+  public NotGhostVariant(string whatKind, string dtorNames, Expression root, List<DatatypeCtor> ctors)
+  : this($"{whatKind} {dtorNames}", root, ctors) {
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new UnaryOpExpr(Token.NoToken, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Not, Utils.MakeIsOneCtorAssertion(root, ctors));
   }
 }
 
@@ -818,9 +1271,20 @@ public class IndicesInDomain : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "indices in domain";
 
   private readonly string objType;
+  private readonly List<Expression> dims;
+  private readonly Expression init;
 
-  public IndicesInDomain(string objType) {
+  public IndicesInDomain(string objType, List<Expression> dims, Expression init) {
+    Contract.Requires(dims is { Count: > 0 });
     this.objType = objType;
+    this.dims = dims;
+    this.init = init;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    Utils.MakeQuantifierVarsForDims(dims, out var indexVars, out var indexVarExprs, out var indicesRange);
+    var precond = new FunctionCallExpr(Token.NoToken, "requires", init, Token.NoToken, Token.NoToken, new ActualBindings(indexVarExprs));
+    return new ForallExpr(Token.NoToken, RangeToken.NoToken, indexVars, indicesRange, precond, null);
   }
 }
 
@@ -846,14 +1310,23 @@ public class SubrangeCheck : ProofObligationDescription {
   private readonly bool isSubset;
   private readonly bool isCertain;
   private readonly string cause;
+  private readonly Expression check;
 
-  public SubrangeCheck(string prefix, string sourceType, string targetType, bool isSubset, bool isCertain, [CanBeNull] string cause) {
+  public SubrangeCheck(
+    string prefix, string sourceType, string targetType,
+    bool isSubset, bool isCertain, [CanBeNull] string cause, [CanBeNull] Expression check
+  ) {
     this.prefix = prefix;
     this.sourceType = sourceType;
     this.targetType = targetType;
     this.isSubset = isSubset;
     this.isCertain = isCertain;
     this.cause = cause is null ? "" : $" (possible cause: {cause})";
+    this.check = check;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return check;
   }
 }
 
@@ -874,9 +1347,15 @@ witnessString is null
   private readonly string hintMsg =
     "; try giving a hint through a 'witness' or 'ghost witness' clause, or use 'witness *' to treat as a possibly empty type";
   private readonly string witnessString;
+  [CanBeNull] private readonly Expression witnessExpr;
 
-  public WitnessCheck(string witnessString) {
+  public WitnessCheck(string witnessString, Expression witnessExpr = null) {
     this.witnessString = witnessString;
+    this.witnessExpr = witnessExpr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return witnessExpr ?? base.GetAssertedExpr(options);
   }
 }
 
@@ -888,6 +1367,16 @@ public class PrefixEqualityLimit : ProofObligationDescription {
     "prefix-equality limit must be at least 0";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "prefix-equality limit";
+
+  private readonly Expression expr;
+
+  public PrefixEqualityLimit(Expression expr) {
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, new LiteralExpr(Token.NoToken, 0), expr);
+  }
 }
 
 public class ForRangeBoundsValid : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -898,6 +1387,18 @@ public class ForRangeBoundsValid : ProofObligationDescription {
     "lower bound must not exceed upper bound";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "for range bounds";
+
+  private readonly Expression lo;
+  private readonly Expression hi;
+
+  public ForRangeBoundsValid(Expression lo, Expression hi) {
+    this.lo = lo;
+    this.hi = hi;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(lo.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, lo, hi);
+  }
 }
 
 public class ForRangeAssignable : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -910,9 +1411,15 @@ public class ForRangeAssignable : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "for range assignable";
 
   private readonly ProofObligationDescription desc;
+  private readonly Expression expr;
 
-  public ForRangeAssignable(ProofObligationDescription desc) {
+  public ForRangeAssignable(ProofObligationDescription desc, Expression expr) {
     this.desc = desc;
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
   }
 }
 
@@ -948,12 +1455,37 @@ public class IsNonRecursive : ProofObligationDescription {
 
 public class ForallLHSUnique : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string SuccessDescription =>
-    "left-hand sides of forall-statement bound variables are unique";
+    "left-hand sides of forall-statement bound variables are unique (or right-hand sides are equivalent)";
 
   public override string FailureDescription =>
-    "left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location";
+    "left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location (and right-hand sides might not be equivalent)";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "forall bound unique";
+
+  private readonly List<BoundVar> bvars;
+  private readonly Expression range;
+  private readonly List<Expression> lhsComponents;
+  private readonly Expression rhs;
+
+  public ForallLHSUnique(List<BoundVar> bvars, Expression range, List<Expression> lhsComponents, Expression rhs) {
+    this.bvars = bvars;
+    this.range = range;
+    this.lhsComponents = lhsComponents;
+    this.rhs = rhs;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    MakePrimedBoundVarsAndRange(bvars, range, out var primedVars, out var sub, out var combinedRange);
+    var combinedVars = bvars.Concat(primedVars).ToList();
+    var condition = lhsComponents
+      // either at least one LHS component is distinct...
+      .Select(lhs => new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Neq, lhs, sub.Substitute(lhs)))
+      // ... or the RHS is always the same
+      .Append(new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq, rhs, sub.Substitute(rhs)))
+      .Aggregate((acc, disjunct) => new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Or, acc, disjunct));
+
+    return new ForallExpr(Token.NoToken, RangeToken.NoToken, combinedVars, combinedRange, condition, null);
+  }
 }
 
 public class ElementInDomain : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -981,20 +1513,26 @@ public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
 
 public class DefiniteAssignment : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string SuccessDescription =>
-    $"{what}, which is subject to definite-assignment rules, is always initialized {where}";
+    $"{kind} '{name}', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, is always initialized {where}";
 
   public override string FailureDescription =>
-    $"{what}, which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized {where}";
+    $"{kind} '{name}', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized {where}";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "definite assignment";
 
-  private readonly string what;
+  private readonly string kind;
+  private readonly string name;
   private readonly string where;
 
-  public DefiniteAssignment(string what, string where) {
-    this.what = what;
+  public DefiniteAssignment(string kind, string name, string where) {
+    this.kind = kind;
+    this.name = name;
     this.where = where;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return new UnaryOpExpr(Token.NoToken, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Assigned, new IdentifierExpr(Token.NoToken, name));
+  }
 }
 
 public class InRange : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -1080,6 +1618,28 @@ public class ComprehensionNoAlias : ProofObligationDescription {
     "key expressions might be referring to the same value";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "unique key expressions";
+
+  private readonly List<BoundVar> bvars;
+  private readonly Expression range;
+  private readonly Expression key;
+  private readonly Expression value;
+
+  public ComprehensionNoAlias(List<BoundVar> bvars, Expression range, Expression key, Expression value) {
+    this.bvars = bvars;
+    this.range = range;
+    this.key = key;
+    this.value = value;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    MakePrimedBoundVarsAndRange(bvars, range, out var primedVars, out var sub, out var combinedRange);
+    var combinedVars = bvars.Concat(primedVars).ToList();
+    var condition = new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Or,
+      new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Neq, key, sub.Substitute(key)),
+      new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq, value, sub.Substitute(value))
+    );
+    return new ForallExpr(Token.NoToken, RangeToken.NoToken, combinedVars, combinedRange, condition, null);
+  }
 }
 
 public class DistinctLHS : ProofObligationDescription {
@@ -1096,13 +1656,19 @@ public class DistinctLHS : ProofObligationDescription {
   private readonly string might;
   private readonly string when;
   private readonly string whenSuffix;
+  private readonly Expression expr;
 
-  public DistinctLHS(string lhsa, string lhsb, bool useMight, bool useWhen) {
+  public DistinctLHS(string lhsa, string lhsb, bool useMight, bool useWhen, Expression expr) {
     this.lhsa = lhsa;
     this.lhsb = lhsb;
     this.might = useMight ? "might " : "";
     this.when = useWhen ? "when " : "";
     this.whenSuffix = useWhen ? ", they must be assigned the same value" : "";
+    this.expr = expr;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    return expr;
   }
 }
 
@@ -1115,10 +1681,18 @@ public class ArrayInitSizeValid : ProofObligationDescription {
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "array initializer size";
 
-  private readonly int size;
+  private readonly TypeRhs rhs;
+  private readonly Expression dim;
+  private int size => rhs.InitDisplay.Count;
 
-  public ArrayInitSizeValid(int size) {
-    this.size = size;
+  public ArrayInitSizeValid(TypeRhs rhs, Expression dim) {
+    this.rhs = rhs;
+    this.dim = dim;
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    var initDisplaySize = new UnaryOpExpr(rhs.tok, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Cardinality, new SeqDisplayExpr(rhs.tok, rhs.InitDisplay));
+    return new BinaryExpr(dim.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq, dim, initDisplaySize);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1132,9 +1706,25 @@ public class ArrayInitEmpty : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string ShortDescription => "array initializer empty";
 
   private readonly string typeDesc;
+  private readonly ImmutableList<Expression> dims;
 
-  public ArrayInitEmpty(string typeDesc) {
+  public ArrayInitEmpty(string typeDesc, List<Expression> dims) {
     this.typeDesc = typeDesc;
+    this.dims = dims.ToImmutableList();
+  }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    Expression zero = Expression.CreateIntLiteral(dims[0].tok, 0);
+    Expression zeroSize = new BinaryExpr(dims[0].tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq, dims[0], zero);
+    foreach (Expression dim in dims.Skip(1)) {
+      zeroSize = new BinaryExpr(
+        dim.tok,
+        BinaryExpr.Opcode.Or,
+        zeroSize,
+        new BinaryExpr(dim.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq, dim, zero)
+      );
+    }
+    return zeroSize;
   }
 }
 
@@ -1155,13 +1745,8 @@ public LetSuchThatUnique(Expression condition, List<BoundVar> bvars) {
   }
   public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
     var bvarsExprs = bvars.Select(bvar => new IdentifierExpr(bvar.tok, bvar)).ToList();
-    var bvarprimes = bvars.Select(bvar => new BoundVar(Token.NoToken, bvar.DafnyName + "'", bvar.Type)).ToList();
-    var bvarprimesExprs = bvarprimes.Select(ToSubstitutableExpression).ToList();
-    var subContract = new Substituter(null,
-      Enumerable.Zip(bvars, bvarprimesExprs).ToDictionary<(BoundVar, Expression), IVariable, Expression>(
-        item => item.Item1, item => item.Item2),
-      new Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type>()
-    );
+    var substMap = MakePrimedBoundVarSubstMap(bvars, out var bvarprimes, out var bvarprimesExprs);
+    var subContract = new Substituter(null, substMap, new Dictionary<TypeParameter, Type>());
     var conditionSecondBoundVar = subContract.Substitute(condition);
     var conclusion = new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq, bvarsExprs[0], bvarprimesExprs[0]);
     for (var i = 1; i < bvarsExprs.Count; i++) {
@@ -1208,29 +1793,53 @@ public class AssignmentShrinks : ProofObligationDescription {
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "assignment shrinks";
 
+  private readonly Expression receiver;
   private readonly string fieldName;
 
-  public AssignmentShrinks(string fieldName) {
+  public AssignmentShrinks(Expression receiver, string fieldName) {
+    this.receiver = receiver;
     this.fieldName = fieldName;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    var receiverDotField = new ExprDotName(Token.NoToken, receiver, fieldName, null);
+    return new BinaryExpr(
+      Token.NoToken,
+      BinaryExpr.Opcode.And,
+      new OldExpr(Token.NoToken, new UnaryOpExpr(Token.NoToken, UnaryOpExpr.Opcode.Allocated, receiver)),
+      new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.ResolvedOpcode.Subset, receiverDotField, new OldExpr(Token.NoToken, receiverDotField))
+    );
+  }
 }
 
 public class ConcurrentFrameEmpty : ProofObligationDescription {
   public override string SuccessDescription =>
-    $"{frameName} is empty ({{:concurrent}} restriction)";
+    $"{frameName} clause is empty ({{:concurrent}} restriction)";
 
   public override string FailureDescription =>
-    $"{frameName} could not be proved to be empty ({{:concurrent}} restriction)";
+    $"{frameName} clause could not be proved to be empty ({{:concurrent}} restriction)";
 
   public override string ShortDescription => "concurrency safety";
 
   public override bool ProvedOutsideUserCode => true;
 
+  private readonly MethodOrFunction decl;
   private readonly string frameName;
 
-  public ConcurrentFrameEmpty(string frameName) {
+  public ConcurrentFrameEmpty(MethodOrFunction decl, string frameName) {
+    this.decl = decl;
     this.frameName = frameName;
   }
+
+  public override Expression GetAssertedExpr(DafnyOptions options) {
+    var bvars = decl.Ins.Select(formal => new BoundVar(formal.Tok, formal.Name, formal.Type)).ToList();
+    var func = new ExprDotName(Token.NoToken, new NameSegment(Token.NoToken, decl.Name, null), frameName, null);
+    var args = bvars.Select(bvar => new IdentifierExpr(Token.NoToken, bvar) as Expression).ToList();
+    var call = new ApplyExpr(Token.NoToken, func, args, Token.NoToken);
+    var isEmpty = new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq, call,
+      new SetDisplayExpr(Token.NoToken, true, new()));
+    return new ForallExpr(Token.NoToken, RangeToken.NoToken, bvars, null, isEmpty, null);
+  }
 }
 
 public class BoilerplateTriple : ProofObligationDescriptionCustomMessages {
@@ -1245,3 +1854,141 @@ public BoilerplateTriple(string errorMessage, string successMessage, string comm
     this.DefaultFailureDescription = comment;
   }
 }
+
+internal class Utils {
+  public static Expression MakeCharBoundsCheck(DafnyOptions options, Expression expr) {
+    return options.Get(CommonOptionBag.UnicodeCharacters)
+      ? MakeCharBoundsCheckUnicode(expr)
+      : MakeCharBoundsCheckNonUnicode(expr);
+  }
+
+  public static Expression MakeCharBoundsCheckNonUnicode(Expression expr) {
+    return new BinaryExpr(
+      expr.tok,
+      BinaryExpr.Opcode.And,
+      new BinaryExpr(
+        expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(Token.NoToken, 0), expr),
+      new BinaryExpr(
+        expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, expr, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, 0x1_0000))
+    );
+  }
+
+  public static Expression MakeCharBoundsCheckUnicode(Expression expr) {
+    Expression lowRange = new BinaryExpr(
+      expr.tok,
+      BinaryExpr.Opcode.And,
+      new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(Token.NoToken, 0), expr),
+      new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, expr, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, 0xD800))
+    );
+    Expression highRange = new BinaryExpr(
+      expr.tok,
+      BinaryExpr.Opcode.And,
+      new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(Token.NoToken, 0xE000), expr),
+      new BinaryExpr(expr.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt, expr, Expression.CreateIntLiteral(expr.tok, 0x11_0000))
+    );
+    return new BinaryExpr(lowRange.tok, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Or, lowRange, highRange);
+  }
+
+  public static void MakeQuantifierVarsForDims(List<Expression> dims, out List<BoundVar> vars, out List<Expression> varExprs, out Expression range) {
+    var zero = new LiteralExpr(Token.NoToken, 0);
+    vars = dims.Select((_, i) => new BoundVar(Token.NoToken, "i" + i, Type.Int)).ToList();
+
+    // can't assign to out-param immediately, since it's accessed in the lambda below
+    var tempVarExprs = vars.Select(var => new IdentifierExpr(Token.NoToken, var) as Expression).ToList();
+    var indexRanges = dims.Select((dim, i) => new ChainingExpression(
+      Token.NoToken,
+      new() { zero, tempVarExprs[i], dim },
+      new() { BinaryExpr.Opcode.Le, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Lt },
+      new() { Token.NoToken, Token.NoToken },
+      new() { null, null }
+    ) as Expression).ToList();
+    varExprs = tempVarExprs;
+
+    range = dims.Count == 1 ? indexRanges[0] : new ChainingExpression(
+      Token.NoToken,
+      indexRanges,
+      Enumerable.Repeat(BinaryExpr.Opcode.And, dims.Count - 1).ToList(),
+      Enumerable.Repeat(Token.NoToken as IToken, dims.Count - 1).ToList(),
+      Enumerable.Repeat(null as Expression, dims.Count - 1).ToList()
+    );
+  }
+
+  internal static Expression MakeIsOneCtorAssertion(Expression root, List<DatatypeCtor> ctors) {
+    return ctors
+      .Select(ctor => new ExprDotName(Token.NoToken, root, ctor.Name + "?", null) as Expression)
+      .Aggregate((e0, e1) => new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Or, e0, e1));
+  }
+
+  /// <summary>
+  /// Builds an expression that represents whether (the relevant subset of) the given `supersetFrames`
+  /// permit read/modification access to all objects, arrays, and/or sets of objects/arrays in the `subsetFrames`.
+  /// </summary>
+  public static Expression MakeDafnyMultiFrameCheck(List<FrameExpression> supersetFrames, List<FrameExpression> subsetFrames) {
+    if (subsetFrames.Count == 0) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    return subsetFrames
+      .Select(target => MakeDafnyFrameCheck(supersetFrames, target.E, target.Field))
+      .Aggregate((e0, e1) => new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.And, e0, e1));
+  }
+
+  /// <summary>
+  /// Builds an expression that represents whether (the relevant subset of) the given frames
+  /// permit read/modification access to an object/array (or set of objects/arrays).
+  /// </summary>
+  public static Expression MakeDafnyFrameCheck(List<FrameExpression> frames, Expression objOrObjSet, Field field) {
+    if (frames.Any(frame => frame.E is WildcardExpr)) {
+      return new LiteralExpr(Token.NoToken, true);
+    }
+
+    Type objType;
+    BoundVar objVar;
+    Expression objOperand;
+    var isSetObj = objOrObjSet.Type.AsSetType != null;
+    if (isSetObj) {
+      objType = objOrObjSet.Type.AsSetType.Arg;
+      objVar = new BoundVar(Token.NoToken, "obj", objType);
+      objOperand = new IdentifierExpr(Token.NoToken, objVar);
+    } else {
+      objType = objOrObjSet.Type;
+      objVar = null;
+      objOperand = objOrObjSet;
+    }
+
+    var disjuncts = new List<Expression>();
+    foreach (var frame in frames) {
+      var isSetFrame = frame.E.Type.AsSetType != null;
+      var frameObjType = isSetFrame ? frame.E.Type.AsSetType.Arg : frame.E.Type;
+      var isTypeRelated =
+        objType.IsSubtypeOf(frameObjType, false, false) ||
+        frameObjType.IsSubtypeOf(objType, false, false);
+      var isFieldRelated = field == null || frame.Field == null || field.Name.Equals(frame.Field.Name);
+      if (!(isTypeRelated && isFieldRelated)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      var relationOp = isSetFrame ? BinaryExpr.Opcode.In : BinaryExpr.Opcode.Eq;
+      disjuncts.Add(new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, relationOp, objOperand, frame.E));
+    }
+
+    if (disjuncts.Count == 0) {
+      var emptySet = new SetDisplayExpr(Token.NoToken, true, new());
+      disjuncts.Add(new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.In, objOperand, emptySet));
+    }
+
+    var check = disjuncts.Aggregate((e0, e1) =>
+      new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.Or, e0, e1));
+    if (!isSetObj) {
+      return check;
+    }
+
+    return new ForallExpr(
+      Token.NoToken,
+      RangeToken.NoToken,
+      new() { objVar },
+      new BinaryExpr(Token.NoToken, BinaryExpr.Opcode.In, objOperand, objOrObjSet),
+      check,
+      null
+    );
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/SpecialFieldSubstituter.cs b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/SpecialFieldSubstituter.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d2d302ae934
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/Verifier/SpecialFieldSubstituter.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny {
+  /**
+   * A substituter for references to special fields (like out-params) in method specifications.
+   */
+  internal class SpecialFieldSubstituter : Substituter {
+    private readonly Dictionary<string, Expression> fieldMap;
+
+    internal SpecialFieldSubstituter(Dictionary<string, Expression> fieldMap)
+      : base(null, new(), new()) {
+      this.fieldMap = fieldMap;
+    }
+
+    public override Expression Substitute(Expression expr) {
+      if (expr is MemberSelectExpr {
+        Obj: ThisExpr,
+        Member: SpecialField {
+          SpecialId: SpecialField.ID.UseIdParam,
+          IdParam: string idParam
+        }
+      } && fieldMap.TryGetValue(idParam, out var replacement)) {
+        return replacement;
+      }
+      return base.Substitute(expr);
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyCore/dfyconfig.toml b/Source/DafnyCore/dfyconfig.toml
index 1de176d7e6a..afc7fafcc55 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyCore/dfyconfig.toml
+++ b/Source/DafnyCore/dfyconfig.toml
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ includes = ["Backends/**/*.dfy","AST/Formatting.dfy"]
 excludes = []
 
 [options]
-standard-libraries=true
\ No newline at end of file
+standard-libraries=true
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver.Test/DafnyDriver.Test.csproj b/Source/DafnyDriver.Test/DafnyDriver.Test.csproj
index 8ff46c1febc..b1681b47cb1 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver.Test/DafnyDriver.Test.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver.Test/DafnyDriver.Test.csproj
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
     </PropertyGroup>
 
     <ItemGroup>
+        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="3.7.0" />
         <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.1.0" />
         <PackageReference Include="OmniSharp.Extensions.JsonRpc" Version="0.19.5" />
         <PackageReference Include="OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageProtocol" Version="0.19.5" />
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver.Test/FormatterCommandTest.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver.Test/FormatterCommandTest.cs
index cd3ae0260ae..f1f0a7c71e2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver.Test/FormatterCommandTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver.Test/FormatterCommandTest.cs
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public async Task GitIssueVSCode452FormattingWorksOnBigFiles() {
 
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(file, source);
     StringWriter strWriter = new StringWriter();
-    var options = DafnyOptions.Create(strWriter, null,
+    var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(strWriter, null,
       file
       );
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/CliCompilation.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/CliCompilation.cs
index 806e83c4a5d..579cdc1b815 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/CliCompilation.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/CliCompilation.cs
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Globalization;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
@@ -37,9 +36,8 @@ private CliCompilation(
     if (options.DafnyProject == null) {
       var firstFile = options.CliRootSourceUris.FirstOrDefault();
       var uri = firstFile ?? new Uri(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory());
-      options.DafnyProject = new DafnyProject {
-        Includes = Array.Empty<string>(),
-        Uri = uri,
+      options.DafnyProject = new DafnyProject(uri, null, new HashSet<string>() { uri.LocalPath }, new HashSet<string>(),
+        new Dictionary<string, object>()) {
         ImplicitFromCli = true
       };
     }
@@ -189,12 +187,12 @@ public async IAsyncEnumerable<CanVerifyResult> VerifyAllLazily(int? randomSeed)
         if (Options.Get(CommonOptionBag.ProgressOption)) {
           var token = BoogieGenerator.ToDafnyToken(false, boogieUpdate.VerificationTask.Split.Token);
           var runResult = completed.Result;
-          var resourcesUsed = runResult.ResourceCount.ToString("E1", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+          var timeString = runResult.RunTime.ToString("g");
           Options.OutputWriter.WriteLine(
-            $"Verification part {canVerifyResult.CompletedParts.Count}/{canVerifyResult.Tasks.Count} of {boogieUpdate.CanVerify.FullDafnyName}" +
+            $"Verified part #{boogieUpdate.VerificationTask.Split.SplitIndex}, {canVerifyResult.CompletedParts.Count}/{canVerifyResult.Tasks.Count} of {boogieUpdate.CanVerify.FullDafnyName}" +
             $", on line {token.line}, " +
             $"{DescribeOutcome(Compilation.GetOutcome(runResult.Outcome))}" +
-            $", taking {runResult.RunTime.Milliseconds}ms and consuming {resourcesUsed} resources");
+            $" (time: {timeString}, resource count: {runResult.ResourceCount})");
         }
         if (canVerifyResult.CompletedParts.Count == canVerifyResult.Tasks.Count) {
           canVerifyResult.Finished.TrySetResult();
@@ -317,4 +315,6 @@ record VerificationStatistics {
   public int OutOfResourceCount;
   public int OutOfMemoryCount;
   public int SolverExceptionCount;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+  public int TotalResourcesUsed;
+  public int MaxVcResourcesUsed;
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/BuildCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/BuildCommand.cs
index 79d8d1bf4fc..42232ea1c67 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/BuildCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/BuildCommand.cs
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.CommandLine;
-using System.CommandLine.Invocation;
-using System.Linq;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -12,16 +9,16 @@ public static Command Create() {
     result.AddArgument(DafnyCommands.FilesArgument);
     foreach (var option in new Option[] {
                  CommonOptionBag.Output,
-               }.Concat(DafnyCommands.ExecutionOptions).
-               Concat(DafnyCommands.ConsoleOutputOptions).
-               Concat(DafnyCommands.ResolverOptions)) {
+               }.Concat(DafnyCommands.ExecutionOptions)
+               .Concat(DafnyCommands.ConsoleOutputOptions)
+               .Concat(DafnyCommands.ResolverOptions)) {
       result.AddOption(option);
     }
 
     DafnyNewCli.SetHandlerUsingDafnyOptionsContinuation(result, (options, _) => {
       options.Compile = true;
       options.RunAfterCompile = false;
-      options.ForceCompile = options.Get(BoogieOptionBag.NoVerify);
+      options.ForceCompile = options.Get(BoogieOptionBag.NoVerify) || options.Get(BoogieOptionBag.HiddenNoVerify);
       return SynchronousCliCompilation.Run(options);
     });
     return result;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/CoverageReportCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/CoverageReportCommand.cs
index a748d1b583f..42ec1770877 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/CoverageReportCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/CoverageReportCommand.cs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ static CoverageReportCommand() {
     ReportsArgument = new("reports", r => {
       return r.Tokens.Where(t => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(t.Value)).Select(t => new FileInfo(t.Value)).ToList();
     }, true, "directories with coverage reports to be merged");
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(OnlyLabelOption);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(OnlyLabelOption, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 
   // FilesArgument is intended for Dafny files, so CoverageReportCommand adds its own argument instead
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/DocCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/DocCommand.cs
index 1cb3ac962ea..d3601d8946a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/DocCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/DocCommand.cs
@@ -26,11 +26,9 @@ static class DocCommand {
   }.Concat(DafnyCommands.ResolverOptions);
 
   static DocCommand() {
-    DafnyCore.DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(
-      DocProgramNameOption,
-      DocFilenameFormat,
-      DocShowModifyTime
-    );
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(DocProgramNameOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(DocFilenameFormat, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(DocShowModifyTime, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 
   public static IEnumerable<Option> Options => DocOptions;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/FormatCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/FormatCommand.cs
index 861bc6b7f3f..9e431d319b7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/FormatCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/FormatCommand.cs
@@ -5,12 +5,36 @@
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using DafnyCore;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public static class FormatCommand {
 
-  public static IEnumerable<Option> Options => DafnyCommands.FormatOptions;
+  static FormatCommand() {
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(CheckOption, (options, value) => {
+      options.FormatCheck = value;
+    });
+
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(FormatPrint, (options, value) => {
+      options.DafnyPrintFile = value ? "-" : null;
+    });
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(CheckOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(FormatPrint, OptionScope.Cli);
+  }
+
+  public static IEnumerable<Option> Options => new Option[] {
+    CheckOption,
+    FormatPrint,
+  }.Concat(DafnyCommands.ParserOptions);
+
+  public static readonly Option<bool> CheckOption = new("--check", () => false, @"
+Instead of formatting files, verify that all files are already
+formatted through and return a non-zero exit code if it is not the case".TrimStart());
+
+  public static readonly Option<bool> FormatPrint = new("--print",
+    @"Print Dafny program to stdout after formatting it instead of altering the files.") {
+  };
 
   public static Command Create() {
     var result = new Command("format", @"Format the dafny file in-place.
@@ -42,7 +66,7 @@ public static async Task<ExitValue> DoFormatting(DafnyOptions options) {
 
     var exitValue = ExitValue.SUCCESS;
     Contract.Assert(dafnyFiles.Count > 0 || options.SourceFolders.Count > 0);
-    var folderFiles = (await Task.WhenAll(options.SourceFolders.Select(folderPath => GetFilesForFolder(options, folderPath)))).SelectMany(x => x);
+    var folderFiles = options.SourceFolders.Select(folderPath => GetFilesForFolder(options, folderPath)).SelectMany(x => x);
     dafnyFiles = dafnyFiles.Concat(folderFiles).ToList();
 
     var failedToParseFiles = new List<string>();
@@ -58,7 +82,7 @@ public static async Task<ExitValue> DoFormatting(DafnyOptions options) {
         exitValue = ExitValue.PREPROCESSING_ERROR;
         continue;
       }
-      if (dafnyFile.Extension == ".doo" && !doCheck && !doPrint) {
+      if (dafnyFile.Extension == DooFile.Extension && !doCheck && !doPrint) {
         await errorWriter.WriteLineAsync("Please use the '--check' and/or '--print' option as doo files cannot be formatted in place.");
         exitValue = ExitValue.PREPROCESSING_ERROR;
         continue;
@@ -68,8 +92,7 @@ public static async Task<ExitValue> DoFormatting(DafnyOptions options) {
       if (dafnyFile.Uri.Scheme == "stdin") {
         tempFileName = Path.GetTempFileName() + ".dfy";
         SynchronousCliCompilation.WriteFile(tempFileName, await Console.In.ReadToEndAsync());
-        dafnyFile = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(new ConsoleErrorReporter(options),
-          OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, options, new Uri(tempFileName), Token.NoToken);
+        dafnyFile = DafnyFile.HandleDafnyFile(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, new ConsoleErrorReporter(options), options, new Uri(tempFileName), Token.NoToken);
       }
 
       var content = dafnyFile.GetContent();
@@ -151,9 +174,9 @@ await options.OutputWriter.WriteLineAsync(neededFormatting > 0
     return exitValue;
   }
 
-  public static Task<DafnyFile[]> GetFilesForFolder(DafnyOptions options, string folderPath) {
-    return Task.WhenAll(Directory.GetFiles(folderPath, "*.dfy", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
-      .Select(name => DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(new ConsoleErrorReporter(options), OnDiskFileSystem.Instance,
-        options, new Uri(name), Token.Cli)));
+  public static IEnumerable<DafnyFile> GetFilesForFolder(DafnyOptions options, string folderPath) {
+    return Directory.GetFiles(folderPath, "*.dfy", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
+      .Select(name => DafnyFile.HandleDafnyFile(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance,
+        new ConsoleErrorReporter(options), options, new Uri(name), Token.Cli));
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/GenerateTestsCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/GenerateTestsCommand.cs
index 16ca047fa0d..9be4449ba8e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/GenerateTestsCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/GenerateTestsCommand.cs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ static class GenerateTestsCommand {
   public static IEnumerable<Option> Options {
     get {
       return new Option[] {
+        IgnoreWarnings,
         LoopUnroll,
         SequenceLengthLimit,
         BoogieOptionBag.SolverLog,
@@ -123,6 +124,9 @@ internal static void PostProcess(DafnyOptions dafnyOptions, TestGenerationOption
     dafnyOptions.TestGenOptions.Mode = mode;
   }
 
+  public static readonly Option<bool> IgnoreWarnings = new("--ignore-warnings",
+    "Ignore warnings when generating tests.");
+
   public static readonly Option<uint> SequenceLengthLimit = new("--length-limit",
     "Add an axiom that sets the length of all sequences to be no greater than <n>. 0 (default) indicates no limit.");
 
@@ -140,6 +144,9 @@ internal static void PostProcess(DafnyOptions dafnyOptions, TestGenerationOption
   public static readonly Option<bool> ForcePrune = new("--force-prune",
     "Enable axiom pruning that Dafny uses to speed up verification. This may negatively affect the quality of tests.");
   static GenerateTestsCommand() {
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(IgnoreWarnings, (options, value) => {
+      options.TestGenOptions.IgnoreWarnings = value;
+    });
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(LoopUnroll, (options, value) => {
       options.LoopUnrollCount = value;
     });
@@ -156,12 +163,11 @@ static GenerateTestsCommand() {
       options.TestGenOptions.ForcePrune = value;
     });
 
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(
-      LoopUnroll,
-      SequenceLengthLimit,
-      PrintBpl,
-      ExpectedCoverageReport,
-      ForcePrune
-    );
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(LoopUnroll, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(SequenceLengthLimit, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(PrintBpl, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ExpectedCoverageReport, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ForcePrune, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(IgnoreWarnings, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/MeasureComplexityCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/MeasureComplexityCommand.cs
index ef340c42765..79d7d71c750 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/MeasureComplexityCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/MeasureComplexityCommand.cs
@@ -3,9 +3,12 @@
 using System.CommandLine;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Reactive.Subjects;
+using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using DafnyCore;
 using DafnyDriver.Commands;
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
+using VC;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -13,25 +16,29 @@ static class MeasureComplexityCommand {
   public static IEnumerable<Option> Options => new Option[] {
     Iterations,
     RandomSeed,
+    TopX,
     VerifyCommand.FilterSymbol,
     VerifyCommand.FilterPosition,
   }.Concat(DafnyCommands.VerificationOptions).
-    Concat(DafnyCommands.ResolverOptions);
+    Concat(DafnyCommands.ResolverOptions).
+    Concat(DafnyCommands.ConsoleOutputOptions);
 
   static MeasureComplexityCommand() {
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(Iterations, (o, v) => o.RandomizeVcIterations = (int)v);
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(RandomSeed, (o, v) => o.RandomSeed = (int)v);
 
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(
-      Iterations,
-      RandomSeed
-    );
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(Iterations, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(RandomSeed, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(TopX, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 
+  private static readonly Option<uint> TopX = new("--worst-amount", () => 10U,
+    $"Configures the amount of worst performing verification tasks that are reported.");
+
   private static readonly Option<uint> RandomSeed = new("--random-seed", () => 0U,
     $"Turn on randomization of the input that Dafny passes to the SMT solver and turn on randomization in the SMT solver itself. Certain Dafny proofs are complex in the sense that changes to the proof that preserve its meaning may cause its verification result to change. This option simulates meaning-preserving changes to the proofs without requiring the user to actually make those changes. The proof changes are renaming variables and reordering declarations in the SMT input passed to the solver, and setting solver options that have similar effects.");
 
-  private static readonly Option<uint> Iterations = new("--iterations", () => 10U,
+  private static readonly Option<uint> Iterations = new("--iterations", () => 1U,
     $"Attempt to verify each proof n times with n random seeds, each seed derived from the previous one. {RandomSeed.Name} can be used to specify the first seed, which will otherwise be 0.") {
     ArgumentHelpName = "n"
   };
@@ -64,7 +71,7 @@ private static async Task<int> Execute(DafnyOptions options) {
       // For error diagnostics, we should group duplicates and say how often they occur.
       // Performance data of individual verification tasks (VCs) should be grouped by VcNum (the assertion batch).
       VerifyCommand.ReportVerificationDiagnostics(compilation, verificationResults);
-      var summaryReported = VerifyCommand.ReportVerificationSummary(compilation, verificationResults);
+      var summaryReported = ReportResourceSummary(compilation, verificationResults);
       var proofDependenciesReported = VerifyCommand.ReportProofDependencies(compilation, resolution, verificationResults);
       var verificationResultsLogged = VerifyCommand.LogVerificationResults(compilation, resolution, verificationResults);
 
@@ -77,13 +84,47 @@ private static async Task<int> Execute(DafnyOptions options) {
     return await compilation.GetAndReportExitCode();
   }
 
+  public static async Task ReportResourceSummary(
+    CliCompilation cliCompilation,
+    IObservable<CanVerifyResult> verificationResults) {
+
+    PriorityQueue<VerificationTaskResult, int> worstPerformers = new();
+
+    var totalResources = 0;
+    var worstAmount = cliCompilation.Options.Get(TopX);
+    verificationResults.Subscribe(result => {
+      foreach (var taskResult in result.Results) {
+        var runResult = taskResult.Result;
+        totalResources += runResult.ResourceCount;
+        worstPerformers.Enqueue(taskResult, runResult.ResourceCount);
+        if (worstPerformers.Count > worstAmount) {
+          worstPerformers.Dequeue();
+        }
+      }
+    });
+    await verificationResults.WaitForComplete();
+    var output = cliCompilation.Options.OutputWriter;
+    var decreasingWorst = new Stack<VerificationTaskResult>();
+    while (worstPerformers.Count > 0) {
+      decreasingWorst.Push(worstPerformers.Dequeue());
+    }
+
+    await output.WriteLineAsync($"The total consumed resources are {totalResources}");
+    await output.WriteLineAsync($"The most demanding {worstAmount} verification tasks consumed these resources:");
+    foreach (var performer in decreasingWorst) {
+      var location = ((IToken)performer.Task.Token).TokenToString(cliCompilation.Options);
+      await output.WriteLineAsync($"{location}: {performer.Result.ResourceCount}");
+    }
+  }
+
   private static async Task RunVerificationIterations(DafnyOptions options, CliCompilation compilation,
     IObserver<CanVerifyResult> verificationResultsObserver) {
     int iterationSeed = (int)options.Get(RandomSeed);
     var random = new Random(iterationSeed);
-    foreach (var iteration in Enumerable.Range(0, (int)options.Get(Iterations))) {
+    var iterations = (int)options.Get(Iterations);
+    foreach (var iteration in Enumerable.Range(0, iterations)) {
       await options.OutputWriter.WriteLineAsync(
-        $"Starting verification of iteration {iteration} with seed {iterationSeed}");
+        $"Starting verification of iteration {iteration + 1}/{iterations} with seed {iterationSeed}");
       try {
         await foreach (var result in compilation.VerifyAllLazily(iterationSeed)) {
           verificationResultsObserver.OnNext(result);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/ResolveCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/ResolveCommand.cs
index ec0342164cc..a6775138f72 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/ResolveCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/ResolveCommand.cs
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ public static Command Create() {
       result.AddOption(option);
     }
     DafnyNewCli.SetHandlerUsingDafnyOptionsContinuation(result, async (options, _) => {
+      options.Set(DafnyFile.DoNotVerifyDependencies, true);
       var compilation = CliCompilation.Create(options);
       compilation.Start();
       await compilation.Resolution;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/RunCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/RunCommand.cs
index 1ea8160c9c4..ce994f0d1bc 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/RunCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/RunCommand.cs
@@ -32,11 +32,9 @@ static RunCommand() {
       options.MainMethod = value;
     });
 
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(
-      Inputs,
-      MainOverride,
-      CommonOptionBag.BuildFile
-    );
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(Inputs, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(MainOverride, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(CommonOptionBag.BuildFile, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 
   public static readonly Option<string> MainOverride =
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/ServerCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/ServerCommand.cs
index c480c07da1f..a4cdf8c92b3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/ServerCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/ServerCommand.cs
@@ -16,16 +16,14 @@ private ServerCommand() {
   static ServerCommand() {
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(LanguageServer.VerifySnapshots, (options, u) => options.VerifySnapshots = (int)u);
 
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(
-      ProjectManager.Verification,
-      GhostStateDiagnosticCollector.GhostIndicators,
-      GutterIconAndHoverVerificationDetailsManager.LineVerificationStatus,
-      LanguageServer.VerifySnapshots,
-      DafnyLangSymbolResolver.UseCaching,
-      ProjectManager.UpdateThrottling,
-      ProjectManager.ReuseSolvers,
-      LegacySignatureAndCompletionTable.MigrateSignatureAndCompletionTable
-    );
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ProjectManager.Verification, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(GhostStateDiagnosticCollector.GhostIndicators, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(GutterIconAndHoverVerificationDetailsManager.LineVerificationStatus, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(LanguageServer.VerifySnapshots, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(DafnyLangSymbolResolver.UseCaching, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ProjectManager.UpdateThrottling, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ProjectManager.ReuseSolvers, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(LegacySignatureAndCompletionTable.MigrateSignatureAndCompletionTable, OptionScope.Cli);
   }
 
   private static Command Create() {
@@ -34,6 +32,7 @@ private static Command Create() {
       result.Add(option);
     }
     DafnyNewCli.SetHandlerUsingDafnyOptionsContinuation(result, async (options, context) => {
+      options.Set(DafnyFile.DoNotVerifyDependencies, true);
       LanguageServer.ConfigureDafnyOptionsForServer(options);
       await LanguageServer.Start(options);
       return 0;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/TestCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/TestCommand.cs
index e1d971a534c..6cd26b9b4a4 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/TestCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/TestCommand.cs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ static class TestCommand {
   static TestCommand() {
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(MethodsToTest, (o, v) => { o.MethodsToTest = v; });
 
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(MethodsToTest);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(MethodsToTest, OptionScope.Cli);
 
     DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyUi(RunAllTestsMainMethod.IncludeTestRunner, DafnyOptions.ParseBoolean, "Compilation options", "runAllTests", @"0 (default) - Annotates compiled methods with the {:test}
         attribute such that they can be tested using a testing framework
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/TranslateCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/TranslateCommand.cs
index ed88de6db3c..88e293a22f2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/TranslateCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/TranslateCommand.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.CommandLine;
-using DafnyCore;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins;
 
@@ -16,7 +15,8 @@ static TranslateCommand() {
       CommonOptionBag.Output,
       IExecutableBackend.OuterModule,
       CommonOptionBag.IncludeRuntimeOption,
-      RunAllTestsMainMethod.IncludeTestRunner
+      RunAllTestsMainMethod.IncludeTestRunner,
+      IExecutableBackend.TranslationRecordOutput
     }.Concat(DafnyCommands.TranslationOptions).
       Concat(DafnyCommands.ConsoleOutputOptions).
       Concat(DafnyCommands.ResolverOptions);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/VerifyCommand.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/VerifyCommand.cs
index 02c9fa99971..d11ea371ff7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/VerifyCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Commands/VerifyCommand.cs
@@ -7,24 +7,48 @@
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using DafnyCore;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using DafnyDriver.Commands;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
 public static class VerifyCommand {
 
   static VerifyCommand() {
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(FilterSymbol);
-    DooFile.RegisterNoChecksNeeded(FilterPosition);
+    // Note these don't need checks because they are only "dafny verify" options;
+    // they can't be specified when building a doo file.
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(FilterSymbol, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(FilterPosition, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(PerformanceStatisticsOption, OptionScope.Cli);
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ExtractTarget, OptionScope.Cli);
+
+    DafnyOptions.RegisterLegacyBinding(ExtractTarget, (options, f) => {
+      options.BoogieExtractionTargetFile = f;
+      options.ExpandFilename(options.BoogieExtractionTargetFile, x => options.BoogieExtractionTargetFile = x, options.LogPrefix,
+        options.FileTimestamp);
+    });
   }
 
+  public static readonly Option<int> PerformanceStatisticsOption = new("--performance-stats",
+    "Report a summary of the verification performance. " +
+    "The given argument is used to divide all the output with, which can help ignore small differences.") {
+    IsHidden = true
+  };
   public static readonly Option<string> FilterSymbol = new("--filter-symbol",
     @"Filter what gets verified by selecting only symbols whose fully qualified name contains the given argument. For example: ""--filter-symbol=MyNestedModule.MyFooFunction""");
 
   public static readonly Option<string> FilterPosition = new("--filter-position",
     @"Filter what gets verified based on a source location. The location is specified as a file path suffix, optionally followed by a colon and a line number. For example, `dafny verify dfyconfig.toml --filter-position=source1.dfy:5` will only verify things that range over line 5 in the file `source1.dfy`. In combination with `--isolate-assertions`, individual assertions can be verified by filtering on the line that contains them. When processing a single file, the filename can be skipped, for example: `dafny verify MyFile.dfy --filter-position=:23`");
 
+  public static readonly Option<string> ExtractTarget = new("--extract", @"
+Extract Dafny types, functions, and lemmas to Boogie.
+(use - as <file> to output to console.)".TrimStart()) {
+    IsHidden = true,
+    ArgumentHelpName = "file",
+  };
+
   public static Command Create() {
     var result = new Command("verify", "Verify the program.");
     result.AddArgument(DafnyCommands.FilesArgument);
@@ -37,8 +61,11 @@ public static Command Create() {
 
   private static IReadOnlyList<Option> VerifyOptions =>
     new Option[] {
+        PerformanceStatisticsOption,
         FilterSymbol,
         FilterPosition,
+        ExtractTarget,
+        DafnyFile.DoNotVerifyDependencies
       }.Concat(DafnyCommands.VerificationOptions).
       Concat(DafnyCommands.ConsoleOutputOptions).
       Concat(DafnyCommands.ResolverOptions);
@@ -64,6 +91,17 @@ public static async Task<int> HandleVerification(DafnyOptions options) {
       await verificationSummarized;
       await verificationResultsLogged;
       await proofDependenciesReported;
+
+      if (!resolution.HasErrors && options.BoogieExtractionTargetFile != null) {
+        using var engine = ExecutionEngine.CreateWithoutSharedCache(options);
+        try {
+          var extractedProgram = BoogieExtractor.Extract(resolution.ResolvedProgram);
+          engine.PrintBplFile(options.BoogieExtractionTargetFile, extractedProgram, true, pretty: true);
+        } catch (ExtractorError extractorError) {
+          await options.OutputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Boogie axiom extraction error: {extractorError.Message}");
+          return 1;
+        }
+      }
     }
 
     return await compilation.GetAndReportExitCode();
@@ -76,6 +114,10 @@ public static async Task ReportVerificationSummary(
     verificationResults.Subscribe(result => {
       foreach (var taskResult in result.Results) {
         var runResult = taskResult.Result;
+        Interlocked.Add(ref statistics.TotalResourcesUsed, runResult.ResourceCount);
+        lock (statistics) {
+          statistics.MaxVcResourcesUsed = Math.Max(statistics.MaxVcResourcesUsed, runResult.ResourceCount);
+        }
 
         switch (runResult.Outcome) {
           case SolverOutcome.Valid:
@@ -110,6 +152,16 @@ public static async Task ReportVerificationSummary(
     });
     await verificationResults.WaitForComplete();
     await WriteTrailer(cliCompilation, statistics);
+    var performanceStatisticsDivisor = cliCompilation.Options.Get(PerformanceStatisticsOption);
+    if (performanceStatisticsDivisor != 0) {
+      int Round(int number) {
+        var numberForUpRounding = number + performanceStatisticsDivisor / 2;
+        return (numberForUpRounding / performanceStatisticsDivisor) * performanceStatisticsDivisor;
+      }
+      var output = cliCompilation.Options.OutputWriter;
+      await output.WriteLineAsync($"Total resources used is {Round(statistics.TotalResourcesUsed)}");
+      await output.WriteLineAsync($"Max resources used by VC is {Round(statistics.MaxVcResourcesUsed)}");
+    }
   }
 
   private static async Task WriteTrailer(CliCompilation cliCompilation,
@@ -161,7 +213,7 @@ public static void ReportVerificationDiagnostics(CliCompilation compilation, IOb
       var batchReporter = new BatchErrorReporter(compilation.Options);
       foreach (var completed in result.Results) {
         Compilation.ReportDiagnosticsInResult(compilation.Options, result.CanVerify.FullDafnyName, completed.Task.Token,
-          (uint)completed.Result.RunTime.Seconds,
+          (uint)completed.Result.RunTime.TotalSeconds,
           completed.Result, batchReporter);
       }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/CoverageReporter.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/CoverageReporter.cs
index 1e4dfc031d9..bab7415d1ba 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/CoverageReporter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/CoverageReporter.cs
@@ -336,7 +336,9 @@ private void CopyStyleFiles(string baseDirectory) {
   }
 
   private async Task<string> HtmlReportForFile(CoverageReport report, Uri uri, string baseDirectory, string linksToOtherReports) {
-    var dafnyFile = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(new ConsoleErrorReporter(options), OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, options, uri, Token.Cli);
+    var files = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance,
+        new ConsoleErrorReporter(options), options, uri, Token.Cli).ToListAsync();
+    var dafnyFile = files[0];
     var source = await dafnyFile.GetContent().ReadToEndAsync();
     var lines = source.Split(new[] { Environment.NewLine }, StringSplitOptions.None);
     var characterLabels = new CoverageLabel[lines.Length][];
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyCliTests.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyCliTests.cs
index ef2cebaa0f0..ecdd0e3b991 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyCliTests.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyCliTests.cs
@@ -8,7 +8,16 @@ public static class DafnyCliTests {
   // Environment variables that the CLI directly or indirectly (through target language tools) reads.
   // This is defined for the benefit of testing infrastructure to ensure that they are maintained
   // through separate processes.
-  public static readonly string[] ReferencedEnvironmentVariables = { "PATH", "HOME", "DOTNET_NOLOGO" };
+  public static readonly string[] ReferencedEnvironmentVariables = {
+    "PATH",
+    "HOME",
+    "DOTNET_NOLOGO",
+    "DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_IN_PROCESS",
+    "DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_MODE",
+    "DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ONLY_COMPILERS",
+    "DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_UPDATE_EXPECT_FILE",
+    "DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ROOT_DIR"
+  };
 
   static DafnyCliTests() {
     if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.Windows)) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyDoc.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyDoc.cs
index f25c52712f0..73a3da8024f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyDoc.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyDoc.cs
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ public static async Task<ExitValue> DoDocumenting(DafnyOptions options) {
 
     // Collect all the dafny files; dafnyFiles already includes files from a .toml project file
     var exitValue = ExitValue.SUCCESS;
-    var folderFiles = (await Task.WhenAll(dafnyFolders.Select(folderPath =>
-      FormatCommand.GetFilesForFolder(options, folderPath)))).SelectMany(x => x);
+    var folderFiles = dafnyFolders.Select(folderPath =>
+      FormatCommand.GetFilesForFolder(options, folderPath)).SelectMany(x => x);
     dafnyFiles = dafnyFiles.Concat(folderFiles).ToList();
     await options.OutputWriter.WriteAsync($"Documenting {dafnyFiles.Count} files from {dafnyFolders.Count} folders\n");
     if (dafnyFiles.Count == 0) {
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@ string MethodSig(MemberDecl m) {
       var f = m as Function;
       var typeparams = TypeFormals(f.TypeArgs);
       var allowNew = m is TwoStateFunction;
-      var formals = String.Join(", ", f.Formals.Select(ff => FormalAsString(ff, allowNew)));
+      var formals = String.Join(", ", f.Ins.Select(ff => FormalAsString(ff, allowNew)));
       return (Bold(m.Name) + typeparams) + "(" + formals + "): " + TypeLink(f.ResultType);
     } else {
       return "";
@@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ public static string AttrString(Attributes attr) {
   }
 
   public static bool IsGeneratedName(string name) {
-    return (name.Length > 1 && name[0] == '_') || name.StartsWith(RevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix);
+    return (name.Length > 1 && name[0] == '_') || name.StartsWith(HideRevealStmt.RevealLemmaPrefix);
   }
 
   public string IndentedHtml(string docstring, bool nothingIfNull = false) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyDriver.csproj b/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyDriver.csproj
index 11f8d8273ba..d7655e67674 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyDriver.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyDriver.csproj
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
       <GenerateAssemblyInfo>false</GenerateAssemblyInfo>
       <DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
       <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+<RollForward>Major</RollForward>
       <OutputPath>..\..\Binaries\</OutputPath>
       <ValidateExecutableReferencesMatchSelfContained>false</ValidateExecutableReferencesMatchSelfContained>
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyNewCli.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyNewCli.cs
index 274681cfaaa..2c95f927434 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyNewCli.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/DafnyNewCli.cs
@@ -1,22 +1,26 @@
+#nullable enable
 using System;
 using System.Collections;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
 using System.CommandLine;
 using System.CommandLine.Builder;
-using System.CommandLine.Help;
 using System.CommandLine.Invocation;
-using System.CommandLine.IO;
 using System.CommandLine.Parsing;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Reflection;
+using System.Security.AccessControl;
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using DafnyCore;
+using DafnyCore.Options;
 using DafnyDriver.Commands;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.Compilers;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer;
-using Command = System.CommandLine.Command;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
@@ -30,6 +34,7 @@ private static void AddCommand(Command command) {
   }
 
   static DafnyNewCli() {
+    DafnyFile.RegisterExtensionHandler(DafnyProject.Extension, (options, fileSystem, reporter, uri, uriOrigin, asLibrary) => HandleDafnyProject(fileSystem, options, reporter, uri, uriOrigin, asLibrary));
     AddCommand(ResolveCommand.Create());
     AddCommand(VerifyCommand.Create());
     AddCommand(BuildCommand.Create());
@@ -46,9 +51,7 @@ static DafnyNewCli() {
     AddCommand(CoverageReportCommand.Create());
     AddCommand(DocumentationCommand.Create());
 
-    // Check that the .doo file format is aware of all options,
-    // and therefore which have to be saved to safely support separate verification/compilation.
-    DooFile.CheckOptions(AllOptions);
+    OptionRegistry.CheckOptionsAreKnown(AllOptions);
 
     // This SHOULD find the same method but returns null for some reason:
     // typeof(ParseResult).GetMethod("GetValueForOption", 1, new[] { typeof(Option<>) });
@@ -86,6 +89,7 @@ async Task Handle(InvocationContext context) {
       }
 
       ProcessOption(context, CommonOptionBag.UseBaseFileName, dafnyOptions);
+      dafnyOptions.ApplyBinding(CommonOptionBag.UseBaseFileName);
 
       var singleFile = context.ParseResult.GetValueForArgument(DafnyCommands.FileArgument);
       if (singleFile != null) {
@@ -103,11 +107,30 @@ async Task Handle(InvocationContext context) {
           }
         }
       }
+
+      ProcessOption(context, DafnyProject.FindProjectOption, dafnyOptions);
+      var firstFile = dafnyOptions.CliRootSourceUris.FirstOrDefault();
+      if (dafnyOptions.DafnyProject == null && dafnyOptions.Get(DafnyProject.FindProjectOption) && firstFile != null) {
+        var opener = new ProjectFileOpener(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, Token.Cli);
+        var project = await opener.TryFindProject(firstFile);
+        project?.Validate(dafnyOptions.OutputWriter, AllOptions);
+        dafnyOptions.DafnyProject = project;
+      }
+
       foreach (var option in command.Options) {
-        if (option == CommonOptionBag.UseBaseFileName) {
+        if (option == CommonOptionBag.UseBaseFileName || option == DafnyProject.FindProjectOption) {
           continue;
         }
-        if (!ProcessOption(context, option, dafnyOptions)) {
+        ProcessOption(context, option, dafnyOptions);
+      }
+
+      foreach (var option in command.Options) {
+        try {
+          dafnyOptions.ApplyBinding(option);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+          context.ExitCode = (int)ExitValue.PREPROCESSING_ERROR;
+          await dafnyOptions.OutputWriter.WriteLineAsync(
+            $"Invalid value for option {option.Name}: {e.Message}");
           return;
         }
       }
@@ -120,23 +143,23 @@ async Task Handle(InvocationContext context) {
     command.SetHandler(Handle);
   }
 
-  private static bool ProcessOption(InvocationContext context, Option option, DafnyOptions dafnyOptions) {
+  private static void ProcessOption(InvocationContext context, Option option, DafnyOptions dafnyOptions) {
     var options = dafnyOptions.Options;
     var result = context.ParseResult.FindResultFor(option);
-    object projectFileValue = null;
+    object? projectFileValue = null;
     var hasProjectFileValue = dafnyOptions.DafnyProject?.TryGetValue(option, out projectFileValue) ?? false;
     object value;
     if (option.Arity.MaximumNumberOfValues <= 1) {
       // If multiple values aren't allowed, CLI options take precedence over project file options
       value = (result == null || Equals(result.Token, null)) && hasProjectFileValue
-        ? projectFileValue
+        ? projectFileValue!
         : GetValueForOption(context.ParseResult, option);
     } else {
       // If multiple values ARE allowed, CLI options come after project file options
       var elementType = option.ValueType.GetGenericArguments()[0];
       var valueAsList = (IList)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(List<>).MakeGenericType(elementType))!;
       if (hasProjectFileValue) {
-        foreach (var element in (IEnumerable)projectFileValue) {
+        foreach (var element in (IEnumerable)projectFileValue!) {
           valueAsList.Add(element);
         }
       }
@@ -150,19 +173,9 @@ private static bool ProcessOption(InvocationContext context, Option option, Dafn
     }
 
     options.OptionArguments[option] = value;
-    try {
-      dafnyOptions.ApplyBinding(option);
-    } catch (Exception e) {
-      context.ExitCode = (int)ExitValue.PREPROCESSING_ERROR;
-      dafnyOptions.OutputWriter.WriteLine(
-        $"Invalid value for option {option.Name}: {e.Message}");
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    return true;
   }
 
-  public static Task<int> Execute(IConsole console, string[] arguments) {
+  public static Task<int> Execute(IConsole console, IReadOnlyList<string> arguments) {
     bool allowHidden = arguments.All(a => a != ToolchainDebuggingHelpName);
     foreach (var symbol in AllSymbols) {
       if (!allowHidden) {
@@ -176,7 +189,7 @@ public static Task<int> Execute(IConsole console, string[] arguments) {
       }
     }
 
-    return Parser.InvokeAsync(arguments, console);
+    return Parser.InvokeAsync(arguments.ToArray(), console);
   }
 
   private static readonly MethodInfo GetValueForOptionMethod;
@@ -192,46 +205,34 @@ public static Task<int> Execute(IConsole console, string[] arguments) {
   private static object GetValueForOption(ParseResult result, Option option) {
     // Use Reflection to invoke GetValueForOption<T> for the correct T
     var generic = GetValueForOptionMethod.MakeGenericMethod(option.ValueType);
-    return generic.Invoke(result, new object[] { option });
+    return generic.Invoke(result, new object[] { option })!;
   }
 
   private static async Task<bool> ProcessFile(DafnyOptions dafnyOptions, FileInfo singleFile) {
-    var filePathForErrors = dafnyOptions.GetPrintPath(singleFile.FullName);
     var isProjectFile = Path.GetExtension(singleFile.FullName) == DafnyProject.Extension;
     if (isProjectFile) {
-      return await ProcessProjectFile(dafnyOptions, singleFile, filePathForErrors);
+      return await ProcessProjectFile(dafnyOptions, new Uri(singleFile.FullName));
     }
 
     dafnyOptions.CliRootSourceUris.Add(new Uri(singleFile.FullName));
     return true;
   }
 
-  private static async Task<bool> ProcessProjectFile(DafnyOptions dafnyOptions, FileInfo singleFile, string filePathForErrors) {
+  private static async Task<bool> ProcessProjectFile(DafnyOptions dafnyOptions, Uri file) {
     if (dafnyOptions.DafnyProject != null) {
       var first = dafnyOptions.GetPrintPath(dafnyOptions.DafnyProject.Uri.LocalPath);
-      await dafnyOptions.ErrorWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Only one project file can be used at a time. Both {first} and {filePathForErrors} were specified");
+      await dafnyOptions.ErrorWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Only one project file can be used at a time. Both {first} and {dafnyOptions.GetPrintPath(file.LocalPath)} were specified");
       return false;
     }
 
-    if (!File.Exists(singleFile.FullName)) {
-      await dafnyOptions.ErrorWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Error: file {filePathForErrors} not found");
+    if (!File.Exists(file.LocalPath)) {
+      await dafnyOptions.ErrorWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Error: file {dafnyOptions.GetPrintPath(file.LocalPath)} not found");
       return false;
     }
-    var projectFile = await DafnyProject.Open(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, dafnyOptions, new Uri(singleFile.FullName));
-    if (projectFile == null) {
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    foreach (var diagnostic in projectFile.Errors.AllMessages) {
-      var message = $"{diagnostic.Level}: {diagnostic.Message}";
-      await dafnyOptions.OutputWriter.WriteLineAsync(message);
-    }
+    var projectFile = await DafnyProject.Open(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, file, Token.Cli);
 
     projectFile.Validate(dafnyOptions.OutputWriter, AllOptions);
     dafnyOptions.DafnyProject = projectFile;
-    if (projectFile.Errors.HasErrors) {
-      return false;
-    }
     return true;
   }
 
@@ -269,40 +270,56 @@ private static CommandLineBuilder AddDeveloperHelp(RootCommand rootCommand, Comm
     }, MiddlewareOrder.Configuration - 101);
     return builder;
   }
-}
 
-class WritersConsole : IConsole {
-  public TextReader InputWriter { get; }
-  public TextWriter ErrWriter { get; }
-  public TextWriter OutWriter { get; }
+  private static async IAsyncEnumerable<DafnyFile> HandleDafnyProject(IFileSystem fileSystem, DafnyOptions options,
+    ErrorReporter reporter,
+    Uri uri,
+    IToken uriOrigin,
+    bool asLibrary) {
+    if (!asLibrary) {
+      reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, uriOrigin, "Using a Dafny project file as a source file is not supported.");
+      yield break;
+    }
 
-  public WritersConsole(TextReader inputWriter, TextWriter outWriter, TextWriter errWriter) {
-    InputWriter = inputWriter;
-    this.ErrWriter = errWriter;
-    this.OutWriter = outWriter;
-  }
+    var dependencyProject = await DafnyProject.Open(fileSystem, uri, uriOrigin);
+    var dependencyOptions =
+      DooFile.CheckAndGetLibraryOptions(reporter, uri, options, uriOrigin, dependencyProject.Options);
+    if (dependencyOptions == null) {
+      yield break;
+    }
+
+    if (options.Get(DafnyFile.DoNotVerifyDependencies) || !options.Verify) {
+      foreach (var libraryRootSetFile in dependencyProject.GetRootSourceUris(fileSystem)) {
+        var file = DafnyFile.HandleDafnyFile(fileSystem, reporter, dependencyOptions, libraryRootSetFile,
+          dependencyProject.StartingToken, true, false);
+        if (file != null) {
+          yield return file;
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (options.Verbose) {
+        await options.OutputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"Building dependency {options.GetPrintPath(uri.LocalPath)}");
+      }
+
+      dependencyOptions.Compile = true;
+      dependencyOptions.RunAfterCompile = false;
+      var libraryBackend = new LibraryBackend(dependencyOptions);
+      dependencyOptions.CompilerName = libraryBackend.TargetId;
+
+      dependencyOptions.DafnyProject = dependencyProject;
+      dependencyOptions.CliRootSourceUris.Clear();
+      dependencyOptions.Compile = true;
+      dependencyOptions.RunAfterCompile = false;
+      var exitCode = await SynchronousCliCompilation.Run(dependencyOptions);
+      if (exitCode == 0 && libraryBackend.DooPath != null) {
+        var dooUri = new Uri(libraryBackend.DooPath);
+        await foreach (var dooResult in DafnyFile.HandleDooFile(fileSystem, reporter, options, dooUri, uriOrigin, true)) {
+          yield return dooResult;
+        }
+      } else {
+        reporter.Error(MessageSource.Project, uriOrigin, $"Failed to build dependency {options.GetPrintPath(uri.LocalPath)}");
+      }
+    }
 
-  public IStandardStreamWriter Out => StandardStreamWriter.Create(OutWriter ?? TextWriter.Null);
-
-  public bool IsOutputRedirected => OutWriter != null;
-  public IStandardStreamWriter Error => StandardStreamWriter.Create(ErrWriter ?? TextWriter.Null);
-  public bool IsErrorRedirected => ErrWriter != null;
-  public bool IsInputRedirected => false;
-}
-
-/// <summary>
-/// The class HelpResult is internal to System.CommandLine so we have to include it as source.
-/// It seems System.CommandLine didn't consider having more than one help option as a use-case.
-/// </summary>
-internal class HelpResult : IInvocationResult {
-  public void Apply(InvocationContext context) {
-    var output = context.Console.Out.CreateTextWriter();
-    var helpBuilder = ((HelpBuilder)context.BindingContext.GetService(typeof(HelpBuilder)))!;
-    var helpContext = new HelpContext(helpBuilder,
-      context.ParseResult.CommandResult.Command,
-      output,
-      context.ParseResult);
-
-    helpBuilder.Write(helpContext);
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/HelpResult.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/HelpResult.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..05d6b2f04bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/HelpResult.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#nullable enable
+using System.CommandLine.Help;
+using System.CommandLine.Invocation;
+using System.CommandLine.IO;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// The class HelpResult is internal to System.CommandLine so we have to include it as source.
+/// It seems System.CommandLine didn't consider having more than one help option as a use-case.
+/// </summary>
+internal class HelpResult : IInvocationResult {
+  public void Apply(InvocationContext context) {
+    var output = context.Console.Out.CreateTextWriter();
+    var helpBuilder = (HelpBuilder)context.BindingContext.GetService(typeof(HelpBuilder))!;
+    var helpContext = new HelpContext(helpBuilder,
+      context.ParseResult.CommandResult.Command,
+      output,
+      context.ParseResult);
+
+    helpBuilder.Write(helpContext);
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/Legacy/SynchronousCliCompilation.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/Legacy/SynchronousCliCompilation.cs
index d437630fe6c..6c7a02f9b60 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyDriver/Legacy/SynchronousCliCompilation.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/Legacy/SynchronousCliCompilation.cs
@@ -96,9 +96,9 @@ public static async Task<int> Run(DafnyOptions options) {
       var outputWriter = options.OutputWriter;
 
       if (options.UseStdin) {
-        var uri = new Uri("stdin:///");
-        options.CliRootSourceUris.Add(uri);
-        dafnyFiles.Add(await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(new ConsoleErrorReporter(options), OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, options, uri, Token.NoToken));
+        var dafnyFile = DafnyFile.HandleStandardInput(options, Token.NoToken);
+        dafnyFiles.Add(dafnyFile);
+        options.CliRootSourceUris.Add(dafnyFile.Uri);
       } else if (options.CliRootSourceUris.Count == 0) {
         await options.ErrorWriter.WriteLineAsync("*** Error: No input files were specified in command-line. " + options.Environment);
         return (ExitValue.PREPROCESSING_ERROR, dafnyFiles, otherFiles);
@@ -115,35 +115,33 @@ public static async Task<int> Run(DafnyOptions options) {
       }
 
       ISet<String> filesSeen = new HashSet<string>();
+      var libraryFiles = CommonOptionBag.SplitOptionValueIntoFiles(options.LibraryFiles).ToHashSet();
       foreach (var file in options.CliRootSourceUris.Where(u => u.IsFile).Select(u => u.LocalPath).
-                 Concat(CommonOptionBag.SplitOptionValueIntoFiles(options.LibraryFiles))) {
+                 Concat(libraryFiles)) {
         Contract.Assert(file != null);
         var extension = Path.GetExtension(file);
         if (extension != null) { extension = extension.ToLower(); }
 
-        bool isDafnyFile = false;
         var relative = Path.GetFileName(file);
         bool useRelative = options.UseBaseNameForFileName || relative.StartsWith("-");
         var nameToShow = useRelative ? relative
           : Path.GetRelativePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), file);
+        var supportedExtensions = options.Backend.SupportedExtensions;
+        bool isDafnyFile = false;
         try {
           var consoleErrorReporter = new ConsoleErrorReporter(options);
-          var df = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(consoleErrorReporter, OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, options, new Uri(Path.GetFullPath(file)), Token.Cli);
-          if (df == null) {
-            if (consoleErrorReporter.FailCompilation) {
-              return (ExitValue.PREPROCESSING_ERROR, dafnyFiles, otherFiles);
-            }
-          } else {
-            if (options.LibraryFiles.Contains(file)) {
-              df.IsPreverified = true;
-              df.IsPrecompiled = true;
-            }
+          await foreach (var df in DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(
+                           OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, consoleErrorReporter, options, new Uri(Path.GetFullPath(file)),
+                           Token.Cli, options.LibraryFiles.Contains(file))) {
             if (!filesSeen.Add(df.CanonicalPath)) {
               continue; // silently ignore duplicate
             }
             dafnyFiles.Add(df);
             isDafnyFile = true;
           }
+          if (consoleErrorReporter.FailCompilation) {
+            return (ExitValue.PREPROCESSING_ERROR, dafnyFiles, otherFiles);
+          }
         } catch (ArgumentException) {
           await options.ErrorWriter.WriteLineAsync($"*** Error: {nameToShow}: ");
           return (ExitValue.PREPROCESSING_ERROR, dafnyFiles, otherFiles);
@@ -152,7 +150,6 @@ public static async Task<int> Run(DafnyOptions options) {
           return (ExitValue.PREPROCESSING_ERROR, dafnyFiles, otherFiles);
         }
 
-        var supportedExtensions = options.Backend.SupportedExtensions;
         if (supportedExtensions.Contains(extension)) {
           // .h files are not part of the build, they are just emitted as includes
           // TODO: This should be delegated to the backend instead (i.e. the CppCompilerBackend)
@@ -165,20 +162,19 @@ public static async Task<int> Run(DafnyOptions options) {
         } else if (options.AllowSourceFolders && Directory.Exists(file)) {
           options.SourceFolders.Add(file);
         } else if (!isDafnyFile) {
+          string errorOnNotRecognized;
           if (options.UsingNewCli && string.IsNullOrEmpty(extension) && file.Length > 0) {
-            options.Printer.ErrorWriteLine(options.OutputWriter,
-              "*** Error: Command-line argument '{0}' is neither a recognized option nor a filename with a supported extension ({1}).",
-              nameToShow,
-              string.Join(", ", Enumerable.Repeat(".dfy", 1).Concat(supportedExtensions)));
+            errorOnNotRecognized =
+              $"*** Error: Command-line argument '{nameToShow}' is neither a recognized option nor a filename with a supported extension ({string.Join(", ", Enumerable.Repeat(".dfy", 1).Concat(supportedExtensions))}).";
           } else if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(extension) && file.Length > 0 && (file[0] == '/' || file[0] == '-')) {
-            options.Printer.ErrorWriteLine(options.OutputWriter,
-              "*** Error: Command-line argument '{0}' is neither a recognized option nor a filename with a supported extension ({1}).",
-              nameToShow, string.Join(", ", Enumerable.Repeat(".dfy", 1).Concat(supportedExtensions)));
+            errorOnNotRecognized =
+              $"*** Error: Command-line argument '{nameToShow}' is neither a recognized option nor a filename with a supported extension ({string.Join(", ", Enumerable.Repeat(".dfy", 1).Concat(supportedExtensions))}).";
           } else {
-            options.Printer.ErrorWriteLine(options.OutputWriter,
-              "*** Error: '{0}': Filename extension '{1}' is not supported. Input files must be Dafny programs (.dfy) or supported auxiliary files ({2})",
-              nameToShow, extension, string.Join(", ", supportedExtensions));
+            errorOnNotRecognized =
+              $"*** Error: '{nameToShow}': Filename extension '{extension}' is not supported. Input files must be Dafny programs (.dfy) or supported auxiliary files ({string.Join(", ", supportedExtensions)})";
           }
+
+          options.Printer.ErrorWriteLine(options.OutputWriter, errorOnNotRecognized);
           return (ExitValue.PREPROCESSING_ERROR, dafnyFiles, otherFiles);
         }
       }
@@ -201,20 +197,22 @@ public static async Task<int> Run(DafnyOptions options) {
       // only because if they are added first, one might be used as the program name,
       // which is not handled well.
       if (options.Get(CommonOptionBag.UseStandardLibraries)) {
+        // For now the standard libraries are still translated from scratch.
+        // This breaks separate compilation and will be addressed in https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/pull/4877
+        var asLibrary = false;
+
         var reporter = new ConsoleErrorReporter(options);
         if (options.CompilerName is null or "cs" or "java" or "go" or "py" or "js") {
           var targetName = options.CompilerName ?? "notarget";
           var stdlibDooUri = DafnyMain.StandardLibrariesDooUriTarget[targetName];
           options.CliRootSourceUris.Add(stdlibDooUri);
-          var targetSpecificFile = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(reporter, OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, options, stdlibDooUri, Token.Cli);
-          if (targetSpecificFile != null) {
+          await foreach (var targetSpecificFile in DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, reporter, options, stdlibDooUri, Token.Cli, asLibrary)) {
             dafnyFiles.Add(targetSpecificFile);
           }
         }
 
         options.CliRootSourceUris.Add(DafnyMain.StandardLibrariesDooUri);
-        var targetAgnosticFile = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(reporter, OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, options, DafnyMain.StandardLibrariesDooUri, Token.Cli);
-        if (targetAgnosticFile != null) {
+        await foreach (var targetAgnosticFile in DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, reporter, options, DafnyMain.StandardLibrariesDooUri, Token.Cli, asLibrary)) {
           dafnyFiles.Add(targetAgnosticFile);
         }
       }
@@ -265,7 +263,7 @@ public async Task<ExitValue> ProcessFilesAsync(IReadOnlyList<DafnyFile/*!*/>/*!*
           var snapshots = new List<DafnyFile>();
           foreach (var f in s) {
             var uri = new Uri(Path.GetFullPath(f));
-            snapshots.Add(await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(new ConsoleErrorReporter(options), OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, options, uri, Token.Cli));
+            snapshots.Add(DafnyFile.HandleDafnyFile(OnDiskFileSystem.Instance, new ConsoleErrorReporter(options), options, uri, Token.Cli));
             options.CliRootSourceUris.Add(uri);
           }
           var ev = await ProcessFilesAsync(snapshots, new List<string>().AsReadOnly(), options, depManager, false, programId);
@@ -308,9 +306,17 @@ public async Task<ExitValue> ProcessFilesAsync(IReadOnlyList<DafnyFile/*!*/>/*!*
           compiled = await Compile(dafnyFileNames[0], otherFileNames, dafnyProgram, outcome, moduleStats, verified);
         } catch (UnsupportedFeatureException e) {
           if (!options.Backend.UnsupportedFeatures.Contains(e.Feature)) {
-            throw new Exception($"'{e.Feature}' is not an element of the {options.Backend.TargetId} compiler's UnsupportedFeatures set");
+            throw new Exception(
+              $"'{e.Feature}' is not an element of the {options.Backend.TargetId} compiler's UnsupportedFeatures set");
           }
-          dafnyProgram.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Compiler, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.f_unsupported_feature, e.Token, e.Message);
+
+          dafnyProgram.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Compiler, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.f_unsupported_feature, e.Token,
+            e.Message);
+          compiled = false;
+        } catch (UnsupportedInvalidOperationException e) {
+          // Not having this catch makes all tests running for all compilers take 10-15x longer on Windows,
+          // just because of the Dafny compiler.
+          dafnyProgram.Reporter.Error(MessageSource.Compiler, GeneratorErrors.ErrorId.f_unsupported_feature, Token.NoToken, e.Message);
           compiled = false;
         }
 
@@ -334,6 +340,7 @@ public async Task<ExitValue> ProcessFilesAsync(IReadOnlyList<DafnyFile/*!*/>/*!*
       if (dafnyProgram != null && options.ExtractCounterexample && exitValue == ExitValue.VERIFICATION_ERROR) {
         PrintCounterexample(options);
       }
+
       return exitValue;
     }
 
@@ -391,7 +398,7 @@ private static string BoogieProgramSuffix(string printFile, string suffix) {
       var concurrentModuleStats = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, PipelineStatistics>();
       var writerManager = new ConcurrentToSequentialWriteManager(options.OutputWriter);
 
-      if (options.Verify) {
+      if (options.Verify || options.Get(BoogieOptionBag.HiddenNoVerify)) {
         var before = errorReporter.ErrorCount;
         options.ProcessSolverOptions(errorReporter, Token.Cli);
         if (before != errorReporter.ErrorCount) {
@@ -432,7 +439,7 @@ private static string BoogieProgramSuffix(string printFile, string suffix) {
       }
 
       var result =
-        await DafnyMain.BoogieOnce(errorReporter, options, output, engine, baseName, moduleName, program, programId);
+        await await DafnyMain.LargeStackFactory.StartNew(() => DafnyMain.BoogieOnce(errorReporter, options, output, engine, baseName, moduleName, program, programId));
 
       watch.Stop();
 
@@ -581,11 +588,11 @@ string NormalizeRelativeFilename(string fileName) {
         outputWriter.WriteLine("Wrote textual form of target program to {0}", relativeTarget);
       }
 
-      foreach (var entry in otherFiles) {
-        var filename = entry.Key;
-        WriteFile(Path.Join(paths.SourceDirectory, filename), entry.Value);
+      foreach (var (filename, value) in otherFiles) {
+        var absoluteFilename = Path.IsPathRooted(filename) ? filename : Path.Join(paths.SourceDirectory, filename);
+        WriteFile(absoluteFilename, value);
         if (options.Verbose) {
-          outputWriter.WriteLine("Additional target code written to {0}", NormalizeRelativeFilename(Path.Join(paths.RelativeDirectory, filename)));
+          outputWriter.WriteLine("Additional output written to {0}", NormalizeRelativeFilename(Path.Join(paths.RelativeDirectory, filename)));
         }
       }
     }
@@ -623,12 +630,11 @@ private static void CheckFilenameIsLegal(string filename) {
     }
 
     /// <summary>
-    /// Generate a C# program from the Dafny program and, if "invokeCompiler" is "true", invoke
-    /// the C# compiler to compile it.
+    /// Generate a target language program from the Dafny program and, if "invokeCompiler" is "true", invoke
+    /// the target language compiler to compile it.
     /// </summary>
     public static async Task<bool> CompileDafnyProgram(Program dafnyProgram, string dafnyProgramName,
                                            ReadOnlyCollection<string> otherFileNames, bool invokeCompiler) {
-
       var rewriters = RewriterCollection.GetRewriters(dafnyProgram.Reporter, dafnyProgram);
       foreach (var rewriter in rewriters) {
         rewriter.PostVerification(dafnyProgram);
@@ -643,20 +649,20 @@ public static async Task<bool> CompileDafnyProgram(Program dafnyProgram, string
       // Compile the Dafny program into a string that contains the target program
       var oldErrorCount = dafnyProgram.Reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error);
       var options = dafnyProgram.Options;
-      options.Backend.OnPreCompile(dafnyProgram.Reporter, otherFileNames);
+
+      var compiler = options.Backend;
+      compiler.OnPreCompile(dafnyProgram.Reporter, otherFileNames);
 
       // Now that an internal compiler is instantiated, apply any plugin instrumentation.
       foreach (var compilerInstrumenter in options.Plugins.SelectMany(p => p.GetCompilerInstrumenters(dafnyProgram.Reporter))) {
-        options.Backend.InstrumentCompiler(compilerInstrumenter, dafnyProgram);
+        compiler.InstrumentCompiler(compilerInstrumenter, dafnyProgram);
       }
 
       if (options.Get(CommonOptionBag.ExecutionCoverageReport) != null
-          && options.Backend.UnsupportedFeatures.Contains(Feature.RuntimeCoverageReport)) {
+          && compiler.UnsupportedFeatures.Contains(Feature.RuntimeCoverageReport)) {
         throw new UnsupportedFeatureException(dafnyProgram.GetStartOfFirstFileToken(), Feature.RuntimeCoverageReport);
       }
 
-      var compiler = options.Backend;
-
       var hasMain = SinglePassCodeGenerator.HasMain(dafnyProgram, out var mainMethod);
       if (hasMain) {
         mainMethod.IsEntryPoint = true;
@@ -666,7 +672,9 @@ public static async Task<bool> CompileDafnyProgram(Program dafnyProgram, string
       var otherFiles = new Dictionary<string, string>();
       {
         var output = new ConcreteSyntaxTree();
-        await DafnyMain.LargeStackFactory.StartNew(() => compiler.Compile(dafnyProgram, output));
+
+        await DafnyMain.LargeStackFactory.StartNew(() => compiler.Compile(dafnyProgram, dafnyProgramName, output));
+
         var writerOptions = new WriterState();
         var targetProgramTextWriter = new StringWriter();
         var files = new Queue<FileSyntax>();
diff --git a/Source/DafnyDriver/WritersConsole.cs b/Source/DafnyDriver/WritersConsole.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..471f41dbc7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyDriver/WritersConsole.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#nullable enable
+using System.CommandLine;
+using System.CommandLine.IO;
+using System.IO;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+class WritersConsole : IConsole {
+  public TextReader InputWriter { get; }
+  public TextWriter ErrWriter { get; }
+  public TextWriter OutWriter { get; }
+
+  public WritersConsole(TextReader inputWriter, TextWriter outWriter, TextWriter errWriter) {
+    InputWriter = inputWriter;
+    this.ErrWriter = errWriter;
+    this.OutWriter = outWriter;
+  }
+
+  public IStandardStreamWriter Out => StandardStreamWriter.Create(OutWriter ?? TextWriter.Null);
+
+  public bool IsOutputRedirected => OutWriter != null;
+  public IStandardStreamWriter Error => StandardStreamWriter.Create(ErrWriter ?? TextWriter.Null);
+  public bool IsErrorRedirected => ErrWriter != null;
+  public bool IsInputRedirected => false;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/CodeActions/CodeActionsTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/CodeActions/CodeActionsTest.cs
index 29caf83b152..c2a8b8162a1 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/CodeActions/CodeActionsTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/CodeActions/CodeActionsTest.cs
@@ -27,6 +27,55 @@ private async Task<CodeAction> RequestResolveCodeAction(CodeAction codeAction) {
       return await client.ResolveCodeAction(codeAction, CancellationToken);
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task MethodKeywordCodeAction() {
+      await SetUp(o => o.Set(CommonOptionBag.RelaxDefiniteAssignment, true));
+
+      MarkupTestFile.GetPositionsAndAnnotatedRanges(@"
+method><".TrimStart(), out var source, out var positions,
+        out var ranges);
+      var documentItem = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(source);
+      var position = positions[0];
+      var completionList = await RequestCodeActionAsync(documentItem, new Range(position, position));
+      Assert.Empty(completionList);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task TypeTestCodeAction() {
+      await SetUp(o => o.Set(CommonOptionBag.RelaxDefiniteAssignment, true));
+
+      MarkupTestFile.GetPositionsAndAnnotatedRanges(@"module M {
+  trait Object {
+   ghost function typeId() : (id: string)
+  }
+
+  type A extends Object {
+   ghost function typeId() : (id: string)  { ""A"" }
+  }
+
+  type B extends Object {
+   ghost function typeId() : (id: string)  { ""B"" }
+  }
+  type C extends Object {
+   ghost function typeId() : (id: string)  { ""C"" }
+  }
+
+  lemma test(x: Object)
+    ensures multiset{x is A, x is B, x is C}[true] == 1
+  {
+    var _ := x.typeId();
+    if (x is A) {
+      assert x !is B.><
+    }
+  }
+}".TrimStart(), out var source, out var positions,
+        out var ranges);
+      var documentItem = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(source);
+      var position = positions[0];
+      var completionList = await RequestCodeActionAsync(documentItem, new Range(position, position));
+      Assert.Empty(completionList);
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task GitIssue4401CorrectInsertionPlace() {
       await TestCodeAction(@"
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Completion/DotCompletionTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Completion/DotCompletionTest.cs
index f42e0127b6a..aafde7cc3e9 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Completion/DotCompletionTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Completion/DotCompletionTest.cs
@@ -23,6 +23,16 @@ private async Task<List<CompletionItem>> RequestCompletionAsync(TextDocumentItem
       return completionList.OrderBy(completion => completion.Label).ToList();
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task CodeCompletionInIncompleteTypeArgumentList() {
+      var source = @"
+function Foo<T>(): seq<".TrimStart();
+      var documentItem = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(source, "CompleteOnThisReturnsClassMembers.dfy");
+
+      var completionList = await RequestCompletionAsync(documentItem, (0, 23));
+      Assert.Empty(completionList);
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task CompleteOnThisReturnsClassMembers() {
       var source = @"
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/DafnyLanguageServer.Test.csproj b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/DafnyLanguageServer.Test.csproj
index 37c2aa54049..e25f0c91a99 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/DafnyLanguageServer.Test.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/DafnyLanguageServer.Test.csproj
@@ -47,12 +47,6 @@
     <None Update="Lookup\TestFiles\find-refs-b.dfy">
       <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
     </None>
-    <None Update="Lookup\TestFiles\ProofDependencies\LSPProofDependencyTest.dfy">
-      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
-    </None>
-    <None Update="Lookup\TestFiles\ProofDependencies\dfyconfig.toml">
-      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
-    </None>
     <None Update="Lookup\TestFiles\defines-foo.dfy">
       <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
     </None>
@@ -119,12 +113,6 @@
     <None Update="Synchronization\TestFiles\multi2.dfy">
       <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
     </None>
-    <None Update="Synchronization\TestFiles\ProofDependencies\LSPProofDependencyTest.dfy">
-      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
-    </None>
-    <None Update="Synchronization\TestFiles\ProofDependencies\dfyconfig.toml">
-      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
-    </None>
     <None Update="Formatting\TestFiles\empty.dfy">
       <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
     </None>
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/DafnyLanguageServerTestBase.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/DafnyLanguageServerTestBase.cs
index 3a00d293a66..de256011f11 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/DafnyLanguageServerTestBase.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/DafnyLanguageServerTestBase.cs
@@ -103,14 +103,15 @@ public AnonymousDisposable(Action action) {
     }
 
     private Action<LanguageServerOptions> GetServerOptionsAction(Action<DafnyOptions> modifyOptions) {
-      var dafnyOptions = DafnyOptions.Create(output);
+      var dafnyOptions = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(output);
       dafnyOptions.Set(ProjectManager.UpdateThrottling, 0);
+      dafnyOptions.Set(CachingProjectFileOpener.ProjectFileCacheExpiry, 0);
       modifyOptions?.Invoke(dafnyOptions);
       dafnyOptions.UsingNewCli = true;
       LanguageServer.ConfigureDafnyOptionsForServer(dafnyOptions);
       ApplyDefaultOptionValues(dafnyOptions);
       return options => {
-        options.WithDafnyLanguageServer(() => { });
+        options.WithDafnyLanguageServer(dafnyOptions, () => { });
         options.Services.AddSingleton(dafnyOptions);
         options.Services.AddSingleton<IProgramVerifier>(serviceProvider => new SlowVerifier(
           serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<ILogger<DafnyProgramVerifier>>()
@@ -137,18 +138,22 @@ private static void ApplyDefaultOptionValues(DafnyOptions dafnyOptions) {
       }
     }
 
+    protected static string GetFreshTempPath() {
+      return Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    }
+
     protected static TextDocumentItem CreateTestDocument(string source, string filePath = null, int version = 1) {
       DocumentUri uri;
       if (filePath == null) {
         var index = Interlocked.Increment(ref fileIndex);
-        filePath = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName(), $"testFile{index}.dfy");
+        filePath = Path.Combine(GetFreshTempPath(), $"testFile{index}.dfy");
       }
 
       if (filePath.StartsWith("untitled:")) {
         uri = DocumentUri.Parse(filePath);
       } else {
         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath))) {
-          filePath = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName(), filePath);
+          filePath = Path.Combine(GetFreshTempPath(), filePath);
         }
         filePath = Path.GetFullPath(filePath);
         uri = DocumentUri.FromFileSystemPath(filePath);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Diagnostics/DiagnosticsTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Diagnostics/DiagnosticsTest.cs
index 7c7f22a2842..df98c5a6c91 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Diagnostics/DiagnosticsTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Diagnostics/DiagnosticsTest.cs
@@ -18,14 +18,57 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Synchronization {
   public class DiagnosticsTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
     private readonly string testFilesDirectory = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "Synchronization/TestFiles");
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ResolutionErrorMigration() {
+      var source = @"module ResolutionError {
+  import   UnderlineComments2
+}";
+      var addition = @"module ParseError {
+  // I can underline comments in red.
+  function method Test() {
+  }
+}
+";
+      var documentItem = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(source);
+      var diagnostics1 = await GetLastDiagnostics(documentItem);
+      ApplyChange(ref documentItem, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), addition);
+      var diagnostics2 = await GetLastDiagnostics(documentItem);
+      Assert.DoesNotContain(diagnostics2, d => d.Range.Start.Line == 1);
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task RedundantAssumptionsGetWarnings() {
-      var path = Path.Combine(testFilesDirectory, "ProofDependencies/LSPProofDependencyTest.dfy");
-      var documentItem = CreateTestDocument(await File.ReadAllTextAsync(path), path);
+      var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+      Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
+      await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName), @"
+[options]
+warn-contradictory-assumptions = true
+warn-redundant-assumptions = true
+allow-axioms = false
+");
+
+      var source = @"
+method RedundantAssumeMethod(n: int)
+{
+    // either one or the other assumption shouldn't be covered
+    assume n > 4;
+    assume n > 3;
+    assert n > 1;
+}
+
+method ContradictoryAssumeMethod(n: int)
+{
+    assume n > 0;
+    assume n < 0;
+    assume n == 5; // shouldn't be covered
+    assert n < 10; // shouldn't be covered
+}
+".TrimStart();
+      var documentItem = CreateTestDocument(source, Path.Combine(directory, "RedundantAssumptionsGetWarnings.dfy"));
       await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(documentItem, CancellationToken);
 
       var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(documentItem);
-      Assert.Equal(3, diagnostics.Length);
+      Assert.Equal(8, diagnostics.Length);
       Assert.Contains(diagnostics, diagnostic =>
         diagnostic.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Warning &&
         diagnostic.Range == new Range(3, 11, 3, 16) &&
@@ -41,6 +84,7 @@ public async Task RedundantAssumptionsGetWarnings() {
         diagnostic.Range == new Range(12, 11, 12, 17) &&
         diagnostic.Message == "unnecessary (or partly unnecessary) assume statement"
       );
+      Directory.Delete(directory, true);
     }
 
     [Fact]
@@ -115,7 +159,7 @@ function HasResolutionError(): int {
       await AssertNoDiagnosticsAreComing(CancellationToken);
       ApplyChange(ref documentItem, new Range(1, 0, 1, 0), "disturbFunctionKeyword");
       var parseDiagnostics1 = await GetLastDiagnostics(documentItem);
-      Assert.Contains(parseDiagnostics1, d => d.Source == MessageSource.Resolver.ToString());
+      Assert.Contains(parseDiagnostics1, d => d.Source == MessageSource.Parser.ToString());
       ApplyChange(ref documentItem, new Range(1, 0, 1, "disturbFunctionKeyword".Length), "");
       var parseDiagnostics2 = await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextDiagnosticsAsync(CancellationToken);
       Assert.Single(parseDiagnostics2);
@@ -235,8 +279,9 @@ then bullspec(s[1..],u[1..])
       var diagnostics1 = diagnosticsReceiver.GetLatestAndClearQueue(documentItem);
       Assert.Equal(4, diagnostics1.Length);
       ApplyChange(ref documentItem, ((7, 25), (10, 17)), "");
+      await GetNextDiagnostics(documentItem); // Migrated verification diagnostics.
       var diagnostics2 = await GetNextDiagnostics(documentItem);
-      Assert.Equal(5, diagnostics2.Length);
+      Assert.Equal(3, diagnostics2.Length);
       Assert.Equal("Parser", diagnostics2[0].Source);
       Assert.Equal(DiagnosticSeverity.Error, diagnostics2[0].Severity);
       ApplyChange(ref documentItem, ((7, 20), (7, 25)), "");
@@ -960,8 +1005,10 @@ method test() {
       var documentItem = CreateTestDocument(source, "OpeningDocumentWithTimeoutReportsTimeoutDiagnostic.dfy");
       client.OpenDocument(documentItem);
       var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(documentItem);
-      Assert.Single(diagnostics);
-      Assert.Contains("timed out", diagnostics[0].Message);
+      Assert.True(diagnostics.Length is 1 or 2); // Ack and Test sometimes time out at the same time
+      for (var i = 0; i < diagnostics.Length; i++) {
+        Assert.Contains("timed out", diagnostics[i].Message);
+      }
     }
 
     [Fact]
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Diagnostics/ProjectFileDiagnosticsTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Diagnostics/ProjectFileDiagnosticsTest.cs
index 243d40ac7aa..7802308ba10 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Diagnostics/ProjectFileDiagnosticsTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Diagnostics/ProjectFileDiagnosticsTest.cs
@@ -20,24 +20,24 @@ public async Task ProjectFileErrorIsShown() {
     var projectFile = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(projectFileSource, DafnyProject.FileName);
     var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(projectFile, DiagnosticSeverity.Error);
     Assert.Single(diagnostics);
-    Assert.Equal(new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), diagnostics.First().Range);
-    Assert.Contains("contains the following errors", diagnostics.First().Message);
+    Assert.Equal(new Range(0, 12, 0, 12), diagnostics.First().Range);
+    Assert.Contains("Unexpected token", diagnostics.First().Message);
   }
 
   [Fact]
   public async Task ProjectFileErrorIsShownFromDafnyFile() {
     var projectFileSource = @"includes = [stringWithoutQuotes]";
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
     var projectFilePath = Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName);
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(projectFilePath, projectFileSource);
     await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("method Foo() { }", Path.Combine(directory, "ProjectFileErrorIsShownFromDafnyFile.dfy"));
-    var diagnostics = await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextNotificationAsync(CancellationToken);
+    var diagnostics = (await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextNotificationAsync(CancellationToken));
+    var errors = diagnostics.Diagnostics.Where(d => d.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error).ToList();
     Assert.Equal(DocumentUri.File(projectFilePath), diagnostics.Uri.GetFileSystemPath());
-    Assert.Equal(2, diagnostics.Diagnostics.Count());
-    Assert.Equal(new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), diagnostics.Diagnostics.First().Range);
-    Assert.Contains(diagnostics.Diagnostics, d => d.Message.Contains("contains the following errors"));
-    Assert.Contains(diagnostics.Diagnostics, d => d.Message.Contains($"Files referenced by project are:{Environment.NewLine}ProjectFileErrorIsShownFromDafnyFile.dfy"));
+    Assert.Single(errors);
+    Assert.Contains(errors, d => d.Message.Contains("Unexpected token"));
+    Directory.Delete(directory, true);
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ public async Task LibraryNotFound() {
 
     var project = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(projectFile, DafnyProject.FileName);
     var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(project, DiagnosticSeverity.Error);
-    Assert.Single(diagnostics);
-    Assert.Contains("not found", diagnostics[0].Message);
+    Assert.Equal(2, diagnostics.Length);
+    Assert.Contains(diagnostics, d => d.Message.Contains("not found"));
   }
 
   public ProjectFileDiagnosticsTest(ITestOutputHelper output, LogLevel dafnyLogLevel = LogLevel.Information)
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/DocumentSymbolTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/DocumentSymbolTest.cs
index cf21c86e532..239244abe25 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/DocumentSymbolTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/DocumentSymbolTest.cs
@@ -12,6 +12,27 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Lookup {
   public class DocumentSymbolTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ExportImport() {
+      var source = @"
+module Low {
+  const x := 3
+}
+
+module High {
+  import Low
+
+  export
+    provides
+      Low
+}
+".TrimStart();
+
+      var documentItem = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(source);
+      var symbols = (await RequestDocumentSymbol(documentItem)).ToList();
+      Assert.Equal(2, symbols.Count);
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task NamelessClass() {
       var source = @"class {
@@ -64,7 +85,7 @@ public async Task NamelessFunction() {
 
     [Fact]
     public async Task CanResolveSymbolsForMultiFileProjects() {
-      var temp = Path.GetTempPath();
+      var temp = GetFreshTempPath();
       await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("", Path.Combine(temp, DafnyProject.FileName));
       var file1 = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("method Foo() {}", Path.Combine(temp, "file1.dfy"));
       var file2 = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("method Bar() {}", Path.Combine(temp, "file2.dfy"));
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/GoToDefinitionTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/GoToDefinitionTest.cs
index 5c2b8874bf7..19c3c6a5d71 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/GoToDefinitionTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/GoToDefinitionTest.cs
@@ -98,12 +98,12 @@ module [>Used<] {
     public async Task ModuleImport2() {
       var source = @"
 module User {
- [>import<] Used
+ import Used
  
  const x := Us><ed.x
 }
 
-module Used {
+module [>Used<] {
   const x := 3
 }".TrimStart();
       await AssertPositionsLineUpWithRanges(source);
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ method DoIt() {
     [Fact]
     public async Task JumpToOtherModule() {
       var source = @"
-module Provider {
+module {>2:Provider<} {
   class A {
     var [>x<]: int;
 
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ method DoIt() returns (x: int) {
 }
 
 module Consumer2 {
-  [>import<] Provider
+  import Provider
 
   type A2 = Pro><vider.A
 }".TrimStart();
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/HoverTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/HoverTest.cs
index 7a8134831a1..cfe68398e5b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/HoverTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/HoverTest.cs
@@ -85,6 +85,26 @@ await SetUp(o => {
       Assert.True(hovers.Count > 0, "No hover expression detected.");
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Crash() {
+      var source = @"
+module M {
+  method m()
+}
+module P refines M {
+  method m ... {
+    while true { ...; }
+  }
+}";
+
+      var document = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(source);
+      var hoverResult = await client.RequestHover(new HoverParams() {
+        Position = new Position(0, 20),
+        TextDocument = document
+      }, CancellationToken);
+      Assert.Null(hoverResult);
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task RecoverableParseErrorTypeRhs() {
       var markup = @"
@@ -672,7 +692,7 @@ method test() {
 //         ^[Unformatted comment] // Does not work yet.
   var xf := f();
 //          ^[Rich comment\n|  |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| **Returns** | 1 no matter what |]
-}", true, o => o.Set(CommonOptionBag.UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriterOption, true));
+}", true, o => o.Set(InternalDocstringRewritersPluginConfiguration.UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriterOption, true));
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/HoverVerificationTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/HoverVerificationTest.cs
index c10d2dbaa4d..64a9c4bb905 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/HoverVerificationTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/HoverVerificationTest.cs
@@ -138,8 +138,8 @@ await AssertVerificationHoverMatches(documentItem, (0, 36),
 
 - Total resource usage: ??? RU  
 - Most costly [assertion batches](https://dafny-lang.github.io/dafny/DafnyRef/DafnyRef#sec-assertion-batches):  
-  - #???/??? with 1 assertion  at line ???, ??? RU  
-  - #???/??? with 1 assertion  at line ???, ??? RU  "
+  - #???/??? with 1 assertion at line ???, ??? RU  
+  - #???/??? with 1 assertion at line ???, ??? RU"
       );
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/ReferencesTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/ReferencesTest.cs
index 6a648f7399b..bba4e766cc8 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/ReferencesTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/ReferencesTest.cs
@@ -13,14 +13,17 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Lookup {
   public class ReferencesTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
     private async Task<LocationContainer> RequestReferences(
-      TextDocumentItem documentItem, Position position) {
+      TextDocumentItem documentItem, Position position, bool includeDeclaration = false) {
       // We don't want resolution errors, but other diagnostics (like a cyclic-include warning) are okay
       await AssertNoResolutionErrors(documentItem);
 
       return await client.RequestReferences(
         new ReferenceParams {
           TextDocument = documentItem.Uri,
-          Position = position
+          Position = position,
+          Context = new ReferenceContext() {
+            IncludeDeclaration = includeDeclaration
+          }
         }, CancellationToken).AsTask();
     }
 
@@ -28,8 +31,7 @@ private async Task<LocationContainer> RequestReferences(
     /// Assert that when finding-references at each cursor position and each regular span,
     /// the client returns all ranges marked with regular spans.
     /// </summary>
-    /// <param name="source"></param>
-    private async Task AssertReferences(string source, string fileName) {
+    private async Task AssertReferences(string source, string fileName, bool includeDeclaration = false) {
       MarkupTestFile.GetPositionsAndRanges(
         source, out var cleanSource, out var explicitPositions, out var expectedRangesArray);
       var expectedRanges = new HashSet<Range>(expectedRangesArray);
@@ -39,14 +41,75 @@ private async Task AssertReferences(string source, string fileName) {
 
       var documentItem = CreateTestDocument(cleanSource, fileName);
       await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(documentItem, CancellationToken);
+      await AssertNoResolutionErrors(documentItem);
 
       foreach (var position in allPositions) {
-        var result = await RequestReferences(documentItem, position);
+        var result = await RequestReferences(documentItem, position, includeDeclaration);
         var resultRanges = result.Select(location => location.Range).ToHashSet();
         Assert.Equal(expectedRanges, resultRanges);
       }
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task UnusedModule() {
+      var source = @"
+module [>><C<] {}
+".TrimStart();
+
+      await AssertReferences(source, "ExportNamedImport.dfy", true);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ExplicitTypeBoundVariableInLambda() {
+      var source = @"
+datatype ><C = Cons
+method Foo() {
+  var f := (x: [>C<]) => 3;
+  var c: [>C<] := Cons;
+}
+".TrimStart();
+
+      await AssertReferences(source, "ExportNamedImport.dfy");
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ExportNamedImport() {
+      var source = @"
+module Low {
+  const x := 3
+}
+
+module High {
+  import ><MyLow = Low
+
+  export
+    provides
+      [>MyLow<]
+}
+".TrimStart();
+
+      await AssertReferences(source, "ExportNamedImport.dfy");
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task ExportNamelessImport() {
+      var source = @"
+module ><Low {
+  const x := 3
+}
+
+module High {
+  import [>Low<]
+
+  export
+    provides
+      [>Low<]
+}
+".TrimStart();
+
+      await AssertReferences(source, "ExportImport.dfy");
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task AliasModuleDecl() {
       var source = @"
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/WorkspaceSymbolTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/WorkspaceSymbolTest.cs
index f85e501f978..5bc0f9ba29f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/WorkspaceSymbolTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Lookup/WorkspaceSymbolTest.cs
@@ -51,11 +51,13 @@ public async Task WorkspaceSymbolsAcrossFiles() {
     [Fact]
     public async Task AllRelevantSymbolKindsDetected() {
       var documentItem = await GetDocumentItem(@"
+
 class TestClass {}
 
 module TestModule {}
 
-function TestFunction(): int { 42 }
+function TransparentTestFunction(): int { 42 }
+opaque function OpaqueTestFunction(): int { 42 }
 
 method TestMethod() returns (x: int) {
   x := 42;
@@ -72,18 +74,25 @@ trait TestTrait {}
       var testSymbols = new List<string> {
         "TestClass",
         "TestModule",
-        "TestFunction",
+        "TestMethod",
+        "TransparentTestFunction",
+        "OpaqueTestFunction",
         "TestDatatype",
         "TestConstructor",
         "TestTrait",
         "TestPredicate",
       };
 
-      var response = await client.RequestWorkspaceSymbols(new WorkspaceSymbolParams {
+      var allResponse = await client.RequestWorkspaceSymbols(new WorkspaceSymbolParams {
         Query = "test"
       });
+      Assert.Equal(testSymbols.Count, allResponse.Count());
       foreach (var testSymbol in testSymbols) {
-        Assert.True(response.Any(symbol => symbol.Name.Contains(testSymbol)),
+        var singleResponse = await client.RequestWorkspaceSymbols(new WorkspaceSymbolParams() {
+          Query = testSymbol
+        });
+        Assert.Single(singleResponse);
+        Assert.True(allResponse.Count(symbol => symbol.Name == testSymbol) == 1,
           $"Could not find {testSymbol}");
       }
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Performance/LargeFilesTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Performance/LargeFilesTest.cs
index 52930891a44..359ab1ee16a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Performance/LargeFilesTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Performance/LargeFilesTest.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
@@ -6,6 +7,7 @@
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Util;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Language.Symbols;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 using Xunit;
 using Xunit.Abstractions;
 using Xunit.Sdk;
@@ -25,6 +27,9 @@ protected override Task SetUp(Action<DafnyOptions> modifyOptions) {
   }
 
   /// <summary>
+  /// When you run this test with a debugger, it grinds to a halt and will appear deadlocked.
+  /// Change all the numbers to smaller values (let's say 1) to workaround this problem.
+  /// 
   /// This test should complete in less than a second, because it opens a moderately sized file
   /// on which it makes edits so quickly that the edits should all be processed in a single compilation.
   /// And a single compilation should complete in less than 200ms.
@@ -43,12 +48,13 @@ public async Task QuickEditsInLargeFile() {
     }
     var source = contentBuilder.ToString();
 
-    double lowest = double.MaxValue;
     Exception lastException = null;
+    List<double> timeToScheduleHistory = new();
+    List<double> divisionHistory = new();
     try {
       for (int attempt = 0; attempt < 10; attempt++) {
-        var cancelSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
-        var measurementTask = AssertThreadPoolIsAvailable(cancelSource.Token);
+        var threadPoolSchedulingCancellationToken = new CancellationTokenSource();
+        var threadPoolSchedulingTimeTask = TrackThreadPoolSchedulingTime(threadPoolSchedulingCancellationToken.Token);
         var beforeOpen = DateTime.Now;
         var documentItem = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(source, "ManyFastEditsUsingLargeFiles.dfy",
           cancellationToken: CancellationTokenWithHighTimeout);
@@ -62,11 +68,12 @@ public async Task QuickEditsInLargeFile() {
         var afterChange = DateTime.Now;
         var changeMilliseconds = (afterChange - afterOpen).TotalMilliseconds;
         await AssertNoDiagnosticsAreComing(CancellationTokenWithHighTimeout);
-        cancelSource.Cancel();
-        var averageTimeToSchedule = await measurementTask;
+        threadPoolSchedulingCancellationToken.Cancel();
+        var averageTimeToSchedule = await threadPoolSchedulingTimeTask;
         var division = changeMilliseconds / openMilliseconds;
-        lowest = Math.Min(lowest, division);
 
+        timeToScheduleHistory.Add(averageTimeToSchedule);
+        divisionHistory.Add(division);
         // Commented code left in intentionally
         // await output.WriteLineAsync("openMilliseconds: " + openMilliseconds);
         // await output.WriteLineAsync("changeMilliseconds: " + changeMilliseconds);
@@ -88,18 +95,21 @@ public async Task QuickEditsInLargeFile() {
     } catch (OperationCanceledException) {
     }
 
-    await output.WriteLineAsync("lowest division " + lowest);
+    logger.LogInformation("Average time to schedule history: \n" + string.Join(", ", timeToScheduleHistory));
+    logger.LogInformation("Division history: \n" + string.Join(", ", divisionHistory));
     throw lastException!;
   }
 
-  private async Task<double> AssertThreadPoolIsAvailable(CancellationToken durationToken) {
+  private async Task<double> TrackThreadPoolSchedulingTime(CancellationToken durationToken) {
     int ticks = 0;
     var waitTime = 100;
     var start = DateTime.Now;
     while (!durationToken.IsCancellationRequested) {
+      // Measuring the time Task.Run takes is the point of this method.
       await Task.Run(() => {
         Thread.Sleep(waitTime);
       });
+
       ticks++;
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Performance/ThreadUsageTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Performance/ThreadUsageTest.cs
index 43971e01c27..91a9375cec8 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Performance/ThreadUsageTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Performance/ThreadUsageTest.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ public class ThreadUsageTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
   [Fact]
   public async Task NoExtraThreadAfterEachChange() {
     Exception lastException = null;
+    var history = new List<int>();
     for (var attempt = 0; attempt < 100; attempt++) {
       try {
         var source = "method Foo() { assert false; }";
@@ -29,16 +31,17 @@ public async Task NoExtraThreadAfterEachChange() {
 
         var threadCountAfter = Process.GetCurrentProcess().Threads.Count;
         const int maxThreadCountIncrease = 5;
-        Assert.InRange(threadCountAfter - threadCountBefore, -maxThreadCountIncrease, maxThreadCountIncrease);
-        break;
+        var difference = threadCountAfter - threadCountBefore;
+        history.Add(difference);
+        Assert.InRange(difference, -maxThreadCountIncrease, maxThreadCountIncrease);
+        return;
       } catch (InRangeException e) {
         lastException = e;
       }
     }
 
-    if (lastException != null) {
-      throw lastException;
-    }
+    logger.LogInformation("Difference history: " + string.Join(", ", history));
+    throw lastException!;
   }
 
   public ThreadUsageTest(ITestOutputHelper output, LogLevel dafnyLogLevel = LogLevel.Information)
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/CompetingProjectFilesTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/CompetingProjectFilesTest.cs
index 9a0353daa9f..f8dbc0f1ada 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/CompetingProjectFilesTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/CompetingProjectFilesTest.cs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Extensions;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Util;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 using Xunit;
 using Xunit.Abstractions;
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ public class CompetingProjectFilesTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
   /// </summary>
   [Fact]
   public async Task ProjectFileDoesNotOwnAllSourceFilesItUses() {
-    var tempDirectory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var tempDirectory = GetFreshTempPath();
     var nestedDirectory = Path.Combine(tempDirectory, "nested");
     Directory.CreateDirectory(nestedDirectory);
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(nestedDirectory, "source.dfy"), "hasErrorInSyntax");
@@ -33,7 +34,8 @@ public async Task ProjectFileDoesNotOwnAllSourceFilesItUses() {
     var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(project);
     var errors = diagnostics.Where(d => d.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error).ToList();
     Assert.Single(errors);
-    Assert.Contains("the referenced file", errors[0].Message);
+    Assert.Contains("but is part of a different project", errors[0].Message);
+    Directory.Delete(tempDirectory, true);
   }
 
   public readonly string hasShadowingSource = @"
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ method Foo() {
   /// </summary>
   [Fact]
   public async Task NewProjectFileGrabsSourceFileOwnership() {
-    var tempDirectory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var tempDirectory = GetFreshTempPath();
     var nestedDirectory = Path.Combine(tempDirectory, "nested");
     Directory.CreateDirectory(nestedDirectory);
     var sourceFilePath = Path.Combine(nestedDirectory, "source.dfy");
@@ -70,13 +72,13 @@ public async Task NewProjectFileGrabsSourceFileOwnership() {
     Assert.Contains("Shadowed", diagnostics0[0].Message);
 
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(nestedDirectory, DafnyProject.FileName), "");
-    await Task.Delay(ProjectManagerDatabase.ProjectFileCacheExpiryTime);
 
     ApplyChange(ref sourceFile, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), "//comment\n");
     var diagnostics1 = await GetLastDiagnostics(sourceFile);
     Assert.Empty(diagnostics1);
+    Directory.Delete(tempDirectory, true);
   }
 
-  public CompetingProjectFilesTest(ITestOutputHelper output) : base(output) {
+  public CompetingProjectFilesTest(ITestOutputHelper output) : base(output, LogLevel.Debug) {
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/MultipleFilesProjectTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/MultipleFilesProjectTest.cs
index f7146163d3d..75ad60c1b89 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/MultipleFilesProjectTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/MultipleFilesProjectTest.cs
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ method Bar() {
 }
 ";
 
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, "producer.dfy"), producerSource);
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName), "");
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ method Bar() {
     Assert.Single(diagnostics2.Diagnostics);
     Assert.Contains(diagnostics, d => d.Diagnostics.First().Message.Contains("char"));
     Assert.Contains(diagnostics, d => d.Diagnostics.First().Message.Contains("int"));
+    Directory.Delete(directory, true);
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ method Bar() {
 }
 ";
 
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, "OnDiskProducerVerificationErrors_producer.dfy"), producerSource);
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName), "");
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ method Bar() {
     Assert.Single(diagnostics1);
     Assert.Contains("assertion might not hold", diagnostics1.First().Message);
     await AssertNoDiagnosticsAreComing(CancellationToken);
+    Directory.Delete(directory, true);
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ method Bar() {
 }
 ";
 
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
     var producerPath = Path.Combine(directory, "OnDiskProducerVerificationErrors_producer.dfy");
     var producerUri = DocumentUri.File(producerPath);
@@ -112,6 +114,7 @@ method Bar() {
     Assert.Contains("assertion might not hold", consumerDiagnostics.First().Message);
     Assert.Single(producerDiagnostics);
     Assert.Contains("assertion might not hold", producerDiagnostics.First().Message);
+    Directory.Delete(directory, true);
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -126,7 +129,7 @@ method Consumes() {
 method Produces() {}
 ".TrimStart();
 
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
     var consumer = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(consumerSource, Path.Combine(directory, "firstFile.dfy"));
     await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(producer, Path.Combine(directory, "secondFile.dfy"));
@@ -135,10 +138,10 @@ method Produces() {}
     Assert.Empty(producesDefinition1);
 
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName), "includes = [\"*.dfy\"]");
-    await Task.Delay(ProjectManagerDatabase.ProjectFileCacheExpiryTime);
 
     var producesDefinition2 = await RequestDefinition(consumer, new Position(1, 3));
     Assert.Single(producesDefinition2);
+    Directory.Delete(directory, true);
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -162,8 +165,6 @@ method Produces() {}
 
     await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("", Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName));
 
-    await Task.Delay(ProjectManagerDatabase.ProjectFileCacheExpiryTime);
-
     var producesDefinition2 = await RequestDefinition(consumer, new Position(1, 3));
     Assert.Single(producesDefinition2);
   }
@@ -208,7 +209,7 @@ method Consumes() {
 method Produces() {}
 ".TrimStart();
 
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
     var projectFilePath = Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName);
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(projectFilePath, projectFileSource);
@@ -220,10 +221,10 @@ method Produces() {}
     Assert.Empty(producesDefinition1);
 
     await FileTestExtensions.WriteWhenUnlocked(projectFilePath, @"includes = [""firstFile.dfy"", ""secondFile.dfy""]");
-    await Task.Delay(ProjectManagerDatabase.ProjectFileCacheExpiryTime);
 
     var producesDefinition2 = await RequestDefinition(consumer, new Position(1, 3));
     Assert.Single(producesDefinition2);
+    Directory.Delete(directory, true);
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -256,7 +257,6 @@ method Foo() {
     Assert.Equal(2, diagnostics1.Count(d => d.Severity <= DiagnosticSeverity.Warning));
     Assert.Contains(diagnostics1, s => s.Message.Contains("Shadowed"));
 
-    await Task.Delay(ProjectManagerDatabase.ProjectFileCacheExpiryTime);
     ApplyChange(ref projectFile, new Range(3, 17, 3, 21), "false");
 
     var resolutionDiagnostics2 = await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextWarningOrErrorDiagnosticsAsync(CancellationToken);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/ProjectFilesTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/ProjectFilesTest.cs
index 09111981114..51b3d09a08c 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/ProjectFilesTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/ProjectFiles/ProjectFilesTest.cs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public class ProjectFilesTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
 
   [Fact]
   public async Task ProducerLibrary() {
-    var libraryDirectory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var libraryDirectory = GetFreshTempPath();
     var producerSource = @"
 module Producer {
   const x := 3
@@ -35,14 +35,15 @@ import opened Producer
 [options]
 library = [""{producerPath}""]".TrimStart();
 
-    var consumerDirectory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var consumerDirectory = GetFreshTempPath();
     Directory.CreateDirectory(consumerDirectory);
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(consumerDirectory, "consumer.dfy"), consumerSource);
     var projectFile = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(projectFileSource, Path.Combine(consumerDirectory, DafnyProject.FileName));
-    await Task.Delay(ProjectManagerDatabase.ProjectFileCacheExpiryTime);
 
     var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(projectFile);
     Assert.Single(diagnostics);
+    Directory.Delete(libraryDirectory, true);
+    Directory.Delete(consumerDirectory, true);
   }
 
   /// <summary>
@@ -66,7 +67,6 @@ import opened Pro><ducer
     MarkupTestFile.GetPositionAndRanges(consumerSourceMarkup, out var consumerSource, out var gotoPosition, out _);
     var consumer = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(consumerSource, Path.Combine(tempDirectory, "consumer.dfy"));
     await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("", Path.Combine(tempDirectory, DafnyProject.FileName));
-    await Task.Delay(ProjectManagerDatabase.ProjectFileCacheExpiryTime);
     // Let consumer.dfy realize it has a new project file 
     var definition1 = await RequestDefinition(consumer, gotoPosition);
     Assert.Empty(definition1);
@@ -82,14 +82,19 @@ public async Task ProjectFileByItselfDiagnostics() {
     var tempDirectory = Path.GetRandomFileName();
     var projectFile = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("", Path.Combine(tempDirectory, DafnyProject.FileName));
     var diagnostics = await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextDiagnosticsAsync(CancellationToken);
-    Assert.Single(diagnostics);
-    Assert.Equal("no Dafny source files were specified as input", diagnostics.First().Message);
+    var errors = diagnostics.Where(d => d.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error).ToList();
+    Assert.Single(errors);
+    Assert.Equal("no Dafny source files were specified as input", errors.First().Message);
   }
 
   [Fact]
   public async Task ProjectFileChangesArePickedUpAfterCacheExpiration() {
-    await SetUp(options => options.WarnShadowing = false);
-    var tempDirectory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    const int cacheExpiry = 1000;
+    await SetUp(options => {
+      options.WarnShadowing = false;
+      options.Set(CachingProjectFileOpener.ProjectFileCacheExpiry, cacheExpiry);
+    });
+    var tempDirectory = GetFreshTempPath();
     Directory.CreateDirectory(tempDirectory);
     var projectFilePath = Path.Combine(tempDirectory, DafnyProject.FileName);
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(projectFilePath, "");
@@ -111,12 +116,15 @@ method Foo() {
 warn-shadowing = true";
 
     await FileTestExtensions.WriteWhenUnlocked(projectFilePath, warnShadowingOn);
-    await Task.Delay(ProjectManagerDatabase.ProjectFileCacheExpiryTime);
+    ApplyChange(ref documentItem, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), "//touch comment\n");
+    await AssertNoDiagnosticsAreComing(CancellationToken);
+    await Task.Delay(cacheExpiry);
     ApplyChange(ref documentItem, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), "//touch comment\n");
     var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(documentItem);
 
     Assert.Single(diagnostics);
     Assert.Equal("Shadowed local-variable name: x", diagnostics[0].Message);
+    Directory.Delete(tempDirectory, true);
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -160,7 +168,7 @@ function Zoo(): set<(int,int)> {
 quantifier-syntax = 4
 function-syntax = 4";
 
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
 
     var noProjectFile = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(source, "orphaned.dfy");
@@ -171,6 +179,7 @@ function Zoo(): set<(int,int)> {
     var sourceFile = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(source, Path.Combine(directory, "source.dfy"));
     var diagnostics2 = await GetLastDiagnostics(sourceFile);
     Assert.Empty(diagnostics2.Where(d => d.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error));
+    Directory.Delete(directory, true);
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -181,7 +190,7 @@ public async Task FileOnlyAttachedToProjectFileThatIncludesIt() {
 [options]
 warn-shadowing = true
 ";
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     var outerProjectFile = CreateTestDocument(outerSource, Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName));
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(outerProjectFile, CancellationToken);
 
@@ -194,14 +203,15 @@ method Foo() {
   var x := 3;
   if (true) {
     var x := 4;
+    var y: int := true; 
   }
 }
 ";
     var documentItem = CreateTestDocument(source, Path.Combine(innerDirectory, "A.dfy"));
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(documentItem, CancellationToken);
     var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(documentItem);
-    Assert.Single(diagnostics);
-    Assert.Contains("Shadowed", diagnostics[0].Message);
+    Assert.Equal(2, diagnostics.Length);
+    Assert.Contains(diagnostics, d => d.Message.Contains("Shadowed"));
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -212,7 +222,7 @@ public async Task InMemoryProjectFileOverridesOptions() {
 [options]
 warn-shadowing = true
 ";
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     var projectFile = CreateTestDocument(projectFileSource, Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName));
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(projectFile, CancellationToken);
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Refactoring/RenameTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Refactoring/RenameTest.cs
index ab598a655a9..56e9a88c51f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Refactoring/RenameTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Refactoring/RenameTest.cs
@@ -24,6 +24,16 @@ public async Task ImplicitProjectFails() {
       await Assert.ThrowsAnyAsync<Exception>(() => RequestRename(documentItem, new Position(0, 6), "j"));
     }
 
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task EmptyModules() {
+      var source = @"
+module [>><C<] {}
+".TrimStart();
+
+      var tempDir = SetUpProjectFile();
+      await AssertRangesRenamed(source, tempDir, "foobar");
+    }
+
     [Fact]
     public async Task InvalidNewNameIsNoOp() {
       var documentItem = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("");
@@ -33,7 +43,7 @@ public async Task InvalidNewNameIsNoOp() {
 
     [Fact]
     public async Task RenameNonSymbolFails() {
-      var tempDir = await SetUpProjectFile();
+      var tempDir = SetUpProjectFile();
       var documentItem = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("module Foo {}", Path.Combine(tempDir, "tmp.dfy"));
       var workspaceEdit = await RequestRename(documentItem, new Position(0, 6), "space");
       Assert.Null(workspaceEdit);
@@ -48,7 +58,7 @@ method M() {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
 
-      var tempDir = await SetUpProjectFile();
+      var tempDir = SetUpProjectFile();
       await AssertRangesRenamed(source, tempDir, "foobar");
     }
 
@@ -59,7 +69,7 @@ public async Task RenameUsageRenamesDeclaration() {
 method U() { [>><foobar<](); }
 ".TrimStart();
 
-      var tempDir = await SetUpProjectFile();
+      var tempDir = SetUpProjectFile();
       await AssertRangesRenamed(source, tempDir, "M");
     }
 
@@ -72,7 +82,7 @@ module C { import [>><A<] }
 module D { import [>A<] }
 ".TrimStart();
 
-      var tempDir = await SetUpProjectFile();
+      var tempDir = SetUpProjectFile();
       await AssertRangesRenamed(source, tempDir, "AAA");
     }
 
@@ -90,7 +100,7 @@ method M(c: A.[>C<]) {}
 }
 ".TrimStart();
 
-      var tempDir = await SetUpProjectFile();
+      var tempDir = SetUpProjectFile();
       await AssertRangesRenamed(new[] { sourceA, sourceB }, tempDir, "CCC");
     }
 
@@ -103,18 +113,16 @@ abstract module [>A<] {}
 abstract module B { import [>><A<] }
 ".TrimStart();
 
-      var tempDir = await SetUpProjectFile();
+      var tempDir = SetUpProjectFile();
       await AssertRangesRenamed(new[] { sourceA, sourceB }, tempDir, "AAA");
     }
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Create an empty project file in a new temporary directory, and return the temporary directory's path.
     /// </summary>
-    protected async Task<string> SetUpProjectFile() {
-      var tempDir = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
-      Directory.CreateDirectory(tempDir);
-      var projectFilePath = Path.Combine(tempDir, DafnyProject.FileName);
-      await File.WriteAllTextAsync(projectFilePath, "");
+    protected string SetUpProjectFile() {
+      var tempDir = GetFreshTempPath();
+      CreateAndOpenTestDocument("", Path.Combine(tempDir, DafnyProject.FileName));
       return tempDir;
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/CachingTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/CachingTest.cs
index 260b1d17435..087514c8902 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/CachingTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/CachingTest.cs
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
+#nullable enable
+
 using System;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Extensions;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Util;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Extensions;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
@@ -13,6 +17,7 @@
 using Serilog.Sinks.InMemory;
 using Xunit;
 using Xunit.Abstractions;
+using XunitAssertMessages;
 using Range = OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models.Range;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Synchronization;
@@ -22,12 +27,41 @@ public class CachingTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
 
   protected override void ServerOptionsAction(LanguageServerOptions serverOptions) {
     sink = InMemorySink.Instance;
-    var logger = new LoggerConfiguration().MinimumLevel.Debug()
+    var memoryLogger = new LoggerConfiguration().MinimumLevel.Debug()
       .WriteTo.InMemory().CreateLogger();
-    var factory = LoggerFactory.Create(b => b.AddSerilog(logger));
+    var factory = LoggerFactory.Create(b => b.AddSerilog(memoryLogger));
     serverOptions.Services.Replace(new ServiceDescriptor(typeof(ILoggerFactory), factory));
   }
 
+  record CacheResults(int ParseHits, int ParseMisses, int ResolutionHits, int ResolutionMisses);
+
+  async Task<CacheResults> WaitAndCountHits(TextDocumentItem? documentItem, bool filterDocument = true) {
+    if (documentItem != null) {
+      await client.WaitForNotificationCompletionAsync(documentItem.Uri, CancellationToken);
+    }
+    var parseHits = 0;
+    var parseMisses = 0;
+    var resolutionHits = 0;
+    var resolutionMisses = 0;
+    foreach (var message in sink.Snapshot().LogEvents.Select(le => le.MessageTemplate.Text)) {
+      if (filterDocument && documentItem != null && !message.Contains(documentItem.Uri.GetFileSystemPath())) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      if (message.Contains("Parse cache hit")) {
+        parseHits++;
+      } else if (message.Contains("Parse cache miss")) {
+        parseMisses++;
+      } else if (message.Contains("Resolution cache hit")) {
+        resolutionHits++;
+      } else if (message.Contains("Resolution cache miss")) {
+        resolutionMisses++;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return new CacheResults(parseHits, parseMisses, resolutionHits, resolutionMisses);
+  }
+
   [Fact]
   public async Task ChangedImportAffectsExport() {
 
@@ -140,31 +174,24 @@ match x {
 ".TrimStart();
 
 
-    var temp = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var temp = GetFreshTempPath();
     var noCachingProject = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(@"[options]
 use-caching = false", Path.Combine(temp, "dfyconfig.toml"));
     var noCaching = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(source, Path.Combine(temp, "noCaching.dfy"));
     ApplyChange(ref noCaching, ((0, 0), (0, 0)), "// Pointless comment that triggers a reparse\n");
-    var hitCountForNoCaching = await WaitAndCountHits(noCaching);
+    var hitCountForNoCaching = await WaitAndCountHits(noCaching, false);
     Assert.Equal(0, hitCountForNoCaching.ParseHits);
-    Assert.Equal(0, hitCountForNoCaching.ResolveHits);
+    Assert.Equal(0, hitCountForNoCaching.ResolutionHits);
 
     var testFiles = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "Synchronization/TestFiles");
     var hasCaching = CreateTestDocument(source, Path.Combine(testFiles, "test.dfy"));
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(hasCaching, CancellationToken);
-    var hits0 = await WaitAndCountHits(hasCaching);
+    var hits0 = await WaitAndCountHits(hasCaching, false);
     Assert.Equal(0, hits0.ParseHits);
-    Assert.Equal(0, hits0.ResolveHits);
-
-    async Task<(int ParseHits, int ResolveHits)> WaitAndCountHits(TextDocumentItem documentItem) {
-      await client.WaitForNotificationCompletionAsync(documentItem.Uri, CancellationToken);
-      var parseHits = sink.Snapshot().LogEvents.Count(le => le.MessageTemplate.Text.Contains("Parse cache hit"));
-      var resolveHits = sink.Snapshot().LogEvents.Count(le => le.MessageTemplate.Text.Contains("Resolution cache hit"));
-      return (parseHits, resolveHits);
-    }
+    Assert.Equal(0, hits0.ResolutionHits);
 
     ApplyChange(ref hasCaching, ((0, 0), (0, 0)), "// Pointless comment that triggers a reparse\n");
-    var hitCount1 = await WaitAndCountHits(hasCaching);
+    var hitCount1 = await WaitAndCountHits(hasCaching, false);
     Assert.Equal(2, hitCount1.ParseHits);
     var modules = new[] {
       "System",
@@ -173,21 +200,21 @@ match x {
       "PrefixModuleInDefaultModule", "Content",
       "SpreadOverMultipleFiles", "Child1", "Child2"
     };
-    Assert.Equal(modules.Length, hitCount1.ResolveHits);
+    Assert.Equal(modules.Length, hitCount1.ResolutionHits);
 
     // Removes the comment and the include and usage of B.dfy, which will prune the cache for B.dfy
     ApplyChange(ref hasCaching, ((2, 0), (3, 0)), "");
-    var hitCount2 = await WaitAndCountHits(hasCaching);
+    var hitCount2 = await WaitAndCountHits(hasCaching, false);
     Assert.Equal(hitCount1.ParseHits + 1, hitCount2.ParseHits);
     // No resolution was done because the import didn't resolve.
-    Assert.Equal(hitCount1.ResolveHits, hitCount2.ResolveHits);
+    Assert.Equal(hitCount1.ResolutionHits, hitCount2.ResolutionHits);
 
     ApplyChange(ref hasCaching, ((0, 0), (0, 0)), "  include \"./B.dfy\"\n");
-    var hitCount3 = await WaitAndCountHits(hasCaching);
+    var hitCount3 = await WaitAndCountHits(hasCaching, false);
     // No hit for B.dfy, since it was previously pruned
     Assert.Equal(hitCount2.ParseHits + 1, hitCount3.ParseHits);
     // The resolution cache was pruned after the previous change, so no cache hits here, except for the system module
-    Assert.Equal(hitCount2.ResolveHits + 1, hitCount3.ResolveHits);
+    Assert.Equal(hitCount2.ResolutionHits + 1, hitCount3.ResolutionHits);
   }
 
   /// <summary>
@@ -234,23 +261,18 @@ public async Task CachingDetectsStartAndEndAndUriChanges() {
     var firstFile = CreateTestDocument(source, "firstFile");
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(firstFile, CancellationToken);
 
-    async Task<int> WaitAndCountHits() {
-      await client.WaitForNotificationCompletionAsync(firstFile.Uri, CancellationToken);
-      return sink.Snapshot().LogEvents.Count(le => le.MessageTemplate.Text.Contains("Parse cache hit"));
-    }
-
     var secondFile = CreateTestDocument(source, "secondFile");
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(secondFile, CancellationToken);
     // No hit because Uri has changed
-    Assert.Equal(0, await WaitAndCountHits());
+    Assert.Equal(0, (await WaitAndCountHits(firstFile)).ParseHits);
 
     ApplyChange(ref secondFile, ((0, 0), (0, 0)), "// Make the file larger\n");
     // No hit because start of the file has changed
-    Assert.Equal(0, await WaitAndCountHits());
+    Assert.Equal(0, (await WaitAndCountHits(firstFile)).ParseHits);
 
     // No hit because end of file has changed
     ApplyChange(ref secondFile, ((19, 0), (19, 0)), "// Make the file larger\n");
-    Assert.Equal(0, await WaitAndCountHits());
+    Assert.Equal(0, (await WaitAndCountHits(firstFile)).ParseHits);
   }
 
   [Fact(Skip = "need hashing on modules to work")]
@@ -273,23 +295,17 @@ module C {{
     var testFiles = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "Synchronization/TestFiles");
     var documentItem = CreateTestDocument(source, Path.Combine(testFiles, "test.dfy"));
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(documentItem, CancellationToken);
-    var hits0 = await WaitAndCountHits();
-    Assert.Equal(0, hits0);
+    var hits0 = await WaitAndCountHits(documentItem);
+    Assert.Equal(0, hits0.ResolutionHits);
 
-    async Task<int> WaitAndCountHits() {
-      await client.WaitForNotificationCompletionAsync(documentItem.Uri, CancellationToken);
-      var parseHits = sink.Snapshot().LogEvents.Count(le => le.MessageTemplate.Text.Contains("Parse cache hit"));
-      var resolveHits = sink.Snapshot().LogEvents.Count(le => le.MessageTemplate.Text.Contains("Resolve cache hit"));
-      return resolveHits;
-    }
 
     ApplyChange(ref documentItem, ((7, 17), (7, 18)), "22");
-    var hitCount1 = await WaitAndCountHits();
-    Assert.Equal(1, hitCount1);
+    var hitCount1 = await WaitAndCountHits(documentItem);
+    Assert.Equal(1, hitCount1.ResolutionHits);
 
     ApplyChange(ref documentItem, ((11, 17), (11, 18)), "32");
-    var hitCount2 = await WaitAndCountHits();
-    Assert.Equal(hitCount1 + 2, hitCount2);
+    var hitCount2 = await WaitAndCountHits(documentItem);
+    Assert.Equal(hitCount1.ResolutionHits + 2, hitCount2.ResolutionHits);
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -337,6 +353,88 @@ module ChangedClonedId {
     await AssertNoDiagnosticsAreComing(CancellationToken);
   }
 
-  public CachingTest(ITestOutputHelper output) : base(output) {
+  [Fact]
+  public async Task DocumentAddedToExistingProjectDoesNotCrash() {
+    var source1 = @"
+method Foo() {
+ var b: int := true;
+}";
+    var source2 = @"
+
+method Foo() {
+ var b: bool := 3;
+}";
+
+    var temp = GetFreshTempPath();
+    var file1 = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(source1, Path.Combine(temp, "source1.dfy"));
+    var file2 = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(source2, Path.Combine(temp, "source2.dfy"));
+    var project = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("", Path.Combine(temp, "dfyconfig.toml"));
+    // Change in file1 causes project detection to realize it's now part of project, so it is added there.
+    ApplyChange(ref file1, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), "// added this comment\n");
+    ApplyChange(ref file2, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), "// added this comment\n");
+    await client.WaitForNotificationCompletionAsync(project.Uri, CancellationToken);
+    var diagnostics0 = await GetLastDiagnostics(project);
+    var diagnostics1 = await GetLastDiagnostics(file1);
+    var diagnostics2 = await GetLastDiagnostics(file2);
+    var combined = diagnostics1.Concat(diagnostics2);
+    AssertM.Equal(3, combined.Count, $"diagnostics[{combined.Count},{diagnostics1.Length},{diagnostics2.Length},{diagnostics0.Length}]: " + string.Join("\n", combined.Concat(diagnostics0)));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public async Task CachingWorksWhenManyChangesAreMadeWithoutWaits() {
+    var largeImport1 = GetLargeFile("Imported1", 100);
+    var largeImport2 = GetLargeFile("Imported2", 100);
+
+    var importerSource = @"module Importer {
+  import Imported1
+  import Imported2
+  method Bar() {
+    Imported1.Foo0();
+    Imported2.Foo0();
+  }
+}";
+
+    var temp = GetFreshTempPath();
+    var project = CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("", Path.Combine(temp, "dfyconfig.toml"));
+    var imported1 = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(largeImport1, Path.Combine(temp, "imported1.dfy"));
+    var imported2 = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(largeImport2, Path.Combine(temp, "imported2.dfy"));
+    var importer = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(importerSource, Path.Combine(temp, "importer.dfy"));
+
+    var before1 = await WaitAndCountHits(imported1);
+    var before2 = await WaitAndCountHits(imported2);
+    var beforeImporter = await WaitAndCountHits(importer);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
+      ApplyChange(ref importer, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), "// added this comment\n");
+    }
+
+    var after1 = await WaitAndCountHits(imported1);
+    var after2 = await WaitAndCountHits(imported2);
+    var afterImporter = await WaitAndCountHits(importer);
+    Assert.Equal(before1.ParseMisses, after1.ParseMisses);
+    Assert.Equal(before1.ResolutionMisses, after1.ResolutionMisses);
+    Assert.Equal(before2.ParseMisses, after2.ParseMisses);
+    Assert.Equal(before2.ResolutionMisses, after2.ResolutionMisses);
+    // Testing shows that importer can have many parse hits, even though it always gets changed.
+    // One explanation is that
+    // Although ProjectManagerDatabase.UpdateDocument is executed serially,
+    // because parsing is scheduled on a separate thread, it might be possible for 
+    // parsing to trigger twice after two calls to UpdateDocument, so then both parse calls work with the updated file system.
+  }
+
+  private static string GetLargeFile(string moduleName, int lines) {
+    string GetLineContent(int index) => $"  method Foo{index}() {{ assume {{:axiom}} false; }}";
+    var contentBuilder = new StringBuilder();
+    contentBuilder.AppendLine($"module {moduleName} {{");
+    for (int lineNumber = 0; lineNumber < lines; lineNumber++) {
+      contentBuilder.AppendLine(GetLineContent(lineNumber));
+    }
+    contentBuilder.AppendLine("}");
+    var largeImport = contentBuilder.ToString();
+    return largeImport;
+  }
+
+  public CachingTest(ITestOutputHelper output) : base(output, LogLevel.Debug) {
+    sink = null!;
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/CloseDocumentTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/CloseDocumentTest.cs
index bb67dd0b8d6..d6a7136d9ca 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/CloseDocumentTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/CloseDocumentTest.cs
@@ -1,22 +1,43 @@
+using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Extensions;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Client;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Document;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Util;
 using Xunit;
 using Xunit.Abstractions;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Synchronization {
-  public class CloseDocumentTest : DafnyLanguageServerTestBase, IAsyncLifetime {
-    private ILanguageClient client;
+  public class CloseDocumentTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
 
-    public async Task InitializeAsync() {
-      (client, Server) = await Initialize(_ => { }, _ => { });
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task DiagnosticsAreClearedUponCloseWhenUsingProject() {
+      var source = "method Foo() { var c: int := true; }";
+      var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
+      Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
+      await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName), "");
+      var document = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(source, Path.Combine(directory, "DiagnosticsAreClearedUponCloseWhenUsingProject.dfy"));
+      var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(document);
+      Assert.Single(diagnostics);
+      client.CloseDocument(document);
+      var afterCloseDiagnostics = await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextNotificationAsync(CancellationToken);
+      var afterCloseDiagnostics2 = await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextNotificationAsync(CancellationToken);
+      Assert.Contains(new[] { afterCloseDiagnostics, afterCloseDiagnostics2 },
+        d => d.Uri == document.Uri && !d.Diagnostics.Any());
+      Directory.Delete(directory, true);
     }
 
-    public Task DisposeAsync() {
-      return Task.CompletedTask;
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task DiagnosticsAreClearedUponClose() {
+      var source = "method Foo() { var c: int := true; }";
+      var document = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(source);
+      var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(document);
+      Assert.Single(diagnostics);
+      client.CloseDocument(document);
+      var afterCloseDiagnostics = await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextDiagnosticsAsync(CancellationToken);
+      Assert.Empty(afterCloseDiagnostics);
     }
 
     [Fact]
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/EditDocumentTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/EditDocumentTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b0deb2ba224
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/EditDocumentTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Util;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Document;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
+using Xunit;
+using Xunit.Abstractions;
+using Range = OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models.Range;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Synchronization;
+
+[Collection("Sequential Collection")]
+public class EditDocumentTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
+
+  [Fact]
+  public async Task SlowlyTypeFile() {
+    var source = @"
+module Bla {
+  method Foo() { assume (0 decreases to 0);  }
+}
+
+module NoTypeArgs0 {
+
+
+  datatype List<+T> = Nil | Cons(T, List)
+  datatype Tree<+A,+B> = Leaf(A, B) | Node(Tree, Tree<B,A>)
+
+  method DoAPrefix0<A, B, C>(xs: List) returns (ys: List<A>)
+  {
+    ys := xs;
+  }
+
+  method DoAPrefix1<A, B, C>(xs: List) returns (ys: List<B>)
+  {
+    ys := xs;  // error: List<B> cannot be assign to a List<A>
+  }
+
+  method DoAPrefix2<A, B, C>(xs: List) returns (ys: List<B>)
+  {
+    ys := xs;  // error: List<B> cannot be assign to a List<A>
+  }
+
+  ghost function FTree0(t: Tree): Tree
+  {
+    match t
+    case Leaf(_,_) => t
+    case Node(x, y) => x
+  }
+
+  ghost function FTree1(t: Tree): Tree
+  {
+    match t
+    case Leaf(_,_) => t
+    case Node(x, y) => y  // error: y does not have the right type
+  }
+
+  ghost function FTree2<A,B,C>(t: Tree): Tree<A,B>
+  {
+    t
+  }
+}
+
+module NoTypeArgs1 {
+  datatype Tree<A,B> = Leaf(A, B) | Node(Tree, Tree<B,A>)
+
+  ghost function FTree3<T>(t: Tree): Tree<T,T>  // error: type of 't' does not have enough type parameters
+  {
+    t
+  }
+}
+
+// ----------- let-such-that expressions ------------------------
+
+module MiscMisc {
+  method LetSuchThat(ghost z: int, n: nat)
+  {
+    var x: int;
+    x := var y :| y < 0; y;  // fine for the resolver (but would give a verification error for not being deterministic)
+
+    x := var w :| w == 2*w; w;  // fine (even for the verifier, this one)
+    x := var w := 2*w; w;  // error: the 'w' in the RHS of the assignment is not in scope
+    ghost var xg := var w :| w == 2*w; w;
+  }
+}
+
+// ------------ quantified variables whose types are not inferred ----------
+
+module NonInferredType {
+  ghost predicate P<T>(x: T)
+
+  method InferredType(x: int)
+  {
+    var t;
+    assume forall z :: P(z) && z == t;
+    assume t == x;  // this statement determines the type of t and z
+  }
+
+  method NonInferredType(x: int)
+  {
+    var t;  // error: the type of t is not determined
+    assume forall z :: P(z) && z == t;  // error: the type of z is not determined
+  }
+}
+
+// ------------ Here are some tests that lemma contexts don't allocate objects -------------
+
+module GhostAllocationTests {
+  class G { }
+  iterator GIter() { }
+  class H { constructor () }
+  lemma GhostNew0()
+    ensures exists o: G :: fresh(o)
+  {
+    var p := new G;  // error: lemma context is not allowed to allocate state
+    p := new G;  // error: ditto
+  }
+
+  method GhostNew1(n: nat, ghost g: int) returns (t: G, z: int)
+  {
+    if n < 0 {
+      z, t := 5, new G;  // fine
+    }
+    if n < g {
+      var tt := new H();  // error: 'new' not allowed in ghost contexts
+    }
+  }
+
+  method GhostNew2(ghost b: bool)
+  {
+    if (b) {
+      var y := new GIter();  // error: 'new' not allowed in ghost contexts (and a non-ghost method is not allowed to be called here either)
+    }
+  }
+}
+module MoreGhostAllocationTests {
+  class G { }
+  method GhostNew3(n: nat) {
+    var g := new G;
+    calc {
+      5;
+      { var y := new G; }  // error: 'new' not allowed in lemma contexts
+      2 + 3;
+    }
+  }
+  ghost method GhostNew4(g: G)
+    modifies g
+  {
+  }
+}
+
+module NewForallAssign {
+  class G { }
+  method NewForallTest(n: nat) {
+    var a := new G[n];
+    forall i | 0 <= i < n {
+      a[i] := new G;  // error: 'new' is currently not supported in forall statements
+  } }
+}
+module NewForallProof {
+  class G { }
+  method NewForallTest(n: nat) { var a := new G[n];
+    forall i | 0 <= i < n ensures true { // this makes the whole 'forall' statement into a ghost statement
+      a[i] := new G;  // error: proof-forall cannot update state (and 'new' not allowed in ghost contexts, but that's checked at a later stage)
+  } }
+}
+
+// ------------------------- underspecified types ------------------------------
+
+module UnderspecifiedTypes {
+  method M(S: set<int>) {
+    var n, p, T0 :| 12 <= n && n in T0 && 10 <= p && p in T0 && T0 <= S && p % 2 != n % 2;
+    var T1 :| 12 in T1 && T1 <= S;
+    var T2 :| T2 <= S && 12 in T2;
+
+    var T3'0: set<int> :| 120 in T3'0;
+    var T3'1: multiset<int> :| 120 in T3'1;
+    var T3'2: map<int,bool> :| 120 in T3'2;
+    var T3'3: seq<int> :| 120 in T3'3;
+    var T3'4: bool :| 120 in T3'4;  // error: second argument to 'in' cannot be bool
+    var T4 :| T4 <= S;
+  }
+}
+
+module UnderspecifiedTypes' {
+  method M() {
+    var T3 :| 120 in T3;  // error: underspecified type
+  }
+}
+
+// ------------------------- lemmas ------------------------------
+
+module MiscLemma {
+  class L { }
+
+  // a lemma is allowed to have out-parameters, but not a modifies clause
+  lemma MyLemma(x: int, l: L) returns (y: int)
+    requires 0 <= x
+    modifies l
+    ensures 0 <= y
+  {
+    y := x;
+  }
+}
+";
+    await SlowlyTypeInSource(source, 200);
+  }
+
+  private async Task<TextDocumentItem> SlowlyTypeInSource(string source, int steps) {
+    await SetUp(dafnyOptions => {
+      dafnyOptions.Set(ProjectManager.UpdateThrottling, ProjectManager.DefaultThrottleTime);
+    });
+    var document = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("");
+
+    var sourceParts = Regex.Split(source, @"(?<=[\}])");
+    var stepSize = (int)Math.Ceiling(source.Length / (double)steps);
+
+    var index = 0;
+    var buffer = new TextBuffer("");
+    foreach (var midPart in sourceParts) {
+      for (var midIndex = 0; midIndex < midPart.Length; midIndex += stepSize) {
+        var part = midPart.Substring(midIndex, Math.Min(midPart.Length, midIndex + stepSize) - midIndex);
+        var cursorIndex = index + part.Length;
+
+        var position = buffer.FromIndex(index);
+        buffer = buffer.ApplyTextChange(new TextDocumentContentChangeEvent() {
+          Range = new Range(position, position),
+          Text = part
+        });
+        ApplyChange(ref document, new Range(position, position), part);
+
+        await WaitUntilResolutionFinished(document);
+        var completionItems = await RequestCompletionAsync(document, new Position(0, midIndex + stepSize));
+        var hover = await RequestHover(document, new Position(0, midIndex + stepSize));
+        index = cursorIndex;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return document;
+  }
+
+  private Task<Hover> RequestHover(TextDocumentItem documentItem, Position position) {
+    return client.RequestHover(
+      new HoverParams {
+        TextDocument = documentItem.Uri,
+        Position = position
+      },
+      CancellationToken
+    );
+  }
+
+  private async Task<List<CompletionItem>> RequestCompletionAsync(TextDocumentItem documentItem, Position position) {
+    // TODO at this time we do not set the context since it appears that's also the case when used within VSCode.
+    var completionList = await client.RequestCompletion(
+      new CompletionParams {
+        TextDocument = documentItem.Uri,
+        Position = position
+      },
+      CancellationToken
+    ).AsTask();
+    return completionList.OrderBy(completion => completion.Label).ToList();
+  }
+
+  public EditDocumentTest(ITestOutputHelper output, LogLevel dafnyLogLevel = LogLevel.Information) : base(output, dafnyLogLevel) {
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/IncludeFileTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/IncludeFileTest.cs
index c595c48bf14..3f80505b527 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/IncludeFileTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/IncludeFileTest.cs
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public async Task DirectlyIncludedFileFails() {
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(documentItem, CancellationToken);
     var diagnostics = await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextDiagnosticsAsync(CancellationToken);
     Assert.Single(diagnostics);
-    Assert.Contains("the referenced file", diagnostics[0].Message);
+    Assert.Contains("but is part of a different project", diagnostics[0].Message);
     Assert.Contains("syntaxError.dfy", diagnostics[0].Message);
   }
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ public async Task IndirectlyIncludedFileFailsSyntax() {
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(documentItem, CancellationToken);
     var diagnostics = await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextDiagnosticsAsync(CancellationToken);
     Assert.Single(diagnostics);
-    Assert.Contains("the referenced file", diagnostics[0].Message);
+    Assert.Contains("but is part of a different project", diagnostics[0].Message);
     Assert.Contains("The first error is:\nrbrace expected", diagnostics[0].Message);
     Assert.Contains("syntaxError.dfy", diagnostics[0].Message);
   }
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ public async Task IncludeCycle() {
     var resolutionDiagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(documentItem, DiagnosticSeverity.Hint);
     Assert.Equal(2, resolutionDiagnostics.Length);
     Assert.Contains(resolutionDiagnostics, d => d.Message.Contains("cycle of includes"));
-    Assert.Contains(resolutionDiagnostics, d => d.Message.Contains("the referenced file"));
-    Assert.Contains(resolutionDiagnostics, d => d.Message.Contains("the referenced file") && d.Message.Contains("cycleB.dfy"));
+    Assert.Contains(resolutionDiagnostics, d => d.Message.Contains("but is part of a different project"));
+    Assert.Contains(resolutionDiagnostics, d => d.Message.Contains("but is part of a different project") && d.Message.Contains("cycleB.dfy"));
   }
 
   [Fact]
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public async Task IndirectlyIncludedFileFailsSemantic() {
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(documentItem, CancellationToken);
     var diagnostics = await diagnosticsReceiver.AwaitNextDiagnosticsAsync(CancellationToken);
     Assert.Single(diagnostics);
-    Assert.Contains("the referenced file", diagnostics[0].Message);
+    Assert.Contains("but is part of a different project", diagnostics[0].Message);
     Assert.Contains("semanticError.dfy", diagnostics[0].Message);
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/OpenDocumentTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/OpenDocumentTest.cs
index 39df8140668..484268e21f7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/OpenDocumentTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/OpenDocumentTest.cs
@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ public async Task EmptyDocumentCanBeOpened() {
       var document = await Projects.GetResolvedDocumentAsyncNormalizeUri(documentItem.Uri);
       Assert.NotNull(document);
       // Empty files currently yield only a warning.
-      Assert.True((await GetLastDiagnostics(documentItem)).All(d => d.Severity != DiagnosticSeverity.Error));
+      var diagnostics = await GetLastDiagnostics(documentItem);
+      Assert.True(diagnostics.All(d => d.Severity != DiagnosticSeverity.Error));
     }
 
     [Fact]
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/ProjectManagerDatabaseTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/ProjectManagerDatabaseTest.cs
index 158c0ec2690..90bff1b8fb0 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/ProjectManagerDatabaseTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/ProjectManagerDatabaseTest.cs
@@ -8,12 +8,43 @@
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 using Xunit;
 using Xunit.Abstractions;
+using Range = OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models.Range;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Synchronization;
 
 [Collection("Sequential Collection")]
 public class ProjectManagerDatabaseTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
 
+  [Fact]
+  public async Task CloseAndReopenProject() {
+    var path = GetFreshTempPath();
+    var project = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("", Path.Combine(path, DafnyProject.FileName));
+    var file1 = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("method Foo() { }", Path.Combine(path, "file1.dfy"));
+
+    client.CloseDocument(project);
+    var project2 = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("", Path.Combine(path, DafnyProject.FileName));
+    ApplyChange(ref file1, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), @"syntaxError");
+    var error = await GetLastDiagnostics(file1);
+    Assert.NotEmpty(error);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public async Task ChangeAndUndoProjectWithMultipleFiles() {
+    var path = GetFreshTempPath();
+    var project = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("", Path.Combine(path, DafnyProject.FileName));
+    var file1 = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("method Foo() { }", Path.Combine(path, "file1.dfy"));
+    var file2 = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("method Bar() { }", Path.Combine(path, "file2.dfy"));
+
+    ApplyChange(ref project, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), @"includes = [""**/*.dfy""]
+");
+    ApplyChange(ref file1, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), @"//comment\n");
+    ApplyChange(ref project, new Range(0, 0, 1, 0), "");
+    var fine = await GetLastDiagnostics(project);
+    ApplyChange(ref file2, new Range(0, 0, 0, 0), @"syntaxError");
+    var error = await GetLastDiagnostics(file2);
+    Assert.NotEmpty(error);
+  }
+
   [Fact]
   public async Task OpenAndCloseConcurrentlySeparateProjects() {
     int documentsToLoadConcurrently = 50;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/TestFiles/ProofDependencies/LSPProofDependencyTest.dfy b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/TestFiles/ProofDependencies/LSPProofDependencyTest.dfy
deleted file mode 100644
index b3266b60248..00000000000
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/TestFiles/ProofDependencies/LSPProofDependencyTest.dfy
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-method RedundantAssumeMethod(n: int)
-{
-    // either one or the other assumption shouldn't be covered
-    assume n > 4;
-    assume n > 3;
-    assert n > 1;
-}
-
-method ContradictoryAssumeMethod(n: int)
-{
-    assume n > 0;
-    assume n < 0;
-    assume n == 5; // shouldn't be covered
-    assert n < 10; // shouldn't be covered
-}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/TestFiles/ProofDependencies/dfyconfig.toml b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/TestFiles/ProofDependencies/dfyconfig.toml
deleted file mode 100644
index 573a16d03af..00000000000
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/TestFiles/ProofDependencies/dfyconfig.toml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-[options]
-warn-contradictory-assumptions = true
-warn-redundant-assumptions = true
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/VerificationStatusTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/VerificationStatusTest.cs
index 5abe7114f5f..86803500d0e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/VerificationStatusTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Synchronization/VerificationStatusTest.cs
@@ -15,6 +15,25 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Synchronization;
 
 public class VerificationStatusTest : ClientBasedLanguageServerTest {
 
+  [Fact]
+  public async Task ParentModuleProjectFileVerification() {
+
+    await SetUp(options => {
+      options.Set(ProjectManager.Verification, VerifyOnMode.Never);
+    });
+    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
+    await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, "dfyconfig.toml"), "");
+    await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, "a.dfy"), "module A {}");
+    var b = CreateAndOpenTestDocument("module A.B { \n  method Test() { assert true; }\n}", Path.Combine(directory, "b.dfy"));
+
+    var methodHeader = new Position(1, 11);
+    verificationStatusReceiver.GetLatestAndClearQueue(_ => true);
+    await client.RunSymbolVerification(new TextDocumentIdentifier(b.Uri), methodHeader, CancellationToken);
+    var result = await WaitUntilAllStatusAreCompleted(b);
+    Assert.Equal(PublishedVerificationStatus.Correct, result.NamedVerifiables[0].Status);
+  }
+
   /// <summary>
   /// The client does not correctly migrate symbolStatus information,
   /// so we have to republish it if the positions change.
@@ -127,7 +146,7 @@ public async Task RunWithMultipleSimilarDocuments() {
     await SetUp(options => {
       options.Set(ProjectManager.Verification, VerifyOnMode.Never);
     });
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("", Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName));
     var documentItem1 = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(source, Path.Combine(directory, "RunWithMultipleDocuments1.dfy"));
     var documentItem2 = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(source.Replace("Foo", "Bar"), Path.Combine(directory, "RunWithMultipleDocuments2.dfy"));
@@ -173,7 +192,7 @@ await SetUp(options => {
       options.Set(CommonOptionBag.VerifyIncludedFiles, true);
 
     });
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     var documentItem1 = CreateTestDocument(source, Path.Combine(directory, "A.dfy"));
     await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(documentItem1, CancellationToken);
     var documentItem2 = CreateTestDocument(source2, Path.Combine(directory, "B.dfy"));
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/CompilationManagerTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/CompilationManagerTest.cs
index 38873b059e7..0d57683d44c 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/CompilationManagerTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/CompilationManagerTest.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Language;
@@ -12,13 +13,13 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Unit;
 public class CompilationManagerTest {
   [Fact]
   public async Task CancelUnstartedCompilationLeadsToCancelledTasks() {
-    var dafnyOptions = DafnyOptions.Create(TextWriter.Null, TextReader.Null);
+    var dafnyOptions = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(TextWriter.Null, TextReader.Null);
     var compilationManager = new Compilation(new Mock<ILogger<Compilation>>().Object,
       new Mock<IFileSystem>().Object,
       new Mock<ITextDocumentLoader>().Object,
       new Mock<IProgramVerifier>().Object,
-      null, new CompilationInput(dafnyOptions, 0,
-        new DafnyProject() { Uri = new Uri(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()) }));
+      null!, new CompilationInput(dafnyOptions, 0,
+        new DafnyProject(new Uri(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()), null, new HashSet<string>())));
     compilationManager.CancelPendingUpdates();
     await Assert.ThrowsAsync<TaskCanceledException>(() => compilationManager.ParsedProgram);
   }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/DafnyHoverHandlerTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/DafnyHoverHandlerTest.cs
index 5be278f1961..a87144c0327 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/DafnyHoverHandlerTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/DafnyHoverHandlerTest.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Unit;
 
 public class DafnyHoverHandlerTest {
+
   [Fact]
   public void FormatResourceUnitTest() {
     void OneTest(string expected, long input) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/TextDocumentLoaderTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/TextDocumentLoaderTest.cs
index 6047ac0a8d4..9a5a4b78416 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/TextDocumentLoaderTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Unit/TextDocumentLoaderTest.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Language;
-using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Language.Symbols;
-using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
 using Moq;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 using System;
@@ -62,7 +60,7 @@ public async Task LoadReturnsCanceledTaskIfOperationIsCanceled() {
           It.IsAny<Compilation>(),
           It.IsAny<CancellationToken>())).Callback(() => source.Cancel())
         .Throws<TaskCanceledException>();
-      var task = textDocumentLoader.ParseAsync(await GetCompilation(), source.Token);
+      var task = textDocumentLoader.ParseAsync(GetCompilation(), source.Token);
       try {
         await task;
         Assert.Fail("document load was not cancelled");
@@ -73,11 +71,11 @@ public async Task LoadReturnsCanceledTaskIfOperationIsCanceled() {
       }
     }
 
-    private async Task<Compilation> GetCompilation() {
+    private Compilation GetCompilation() {
       var versionedTextDocumentIdentifier = CreateTestDocumentId();
       var uri = versionedTextDocumentIdentifier.Uri.ToUri();
       var fs = new InMemoryFileSystem(ImmutableDictionary<Uri, string>.Empty.Add(uri, ""));
-      var file = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(new ErrorReporterSink(DafnyOptions.Default), fs, DafnyOptions.Default, uri, Token.NoToken);
+      var file = DafnyFile.HandleDafnyFile(fs, new ErrorReporterSink(DafnyOptions.Default), DafnyOptions.Default, uri, Token.NoToken, false);
       var input = new CompilationInput(DafnyOptions.Default, 0, ProjectManagerDatabase.ImplicitProject(uri));
       var engine = new ExecutionEngine(DafnyOptions.Default, new VerificationResultCache(),
         CustomStackSizePoolTaskScheduler.Create(0, 0));
@@ -92,7 +90,7 @@ public async Task LoadReturnsFaultedTaskIfAnyExceptionOccured() {
       parser.Setup(p => p.Parse(It.IsAny<Compilation>(),
           It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
         .Throws<InvalidOperationException>();
-      var task = textDocumentLoader.ParseAsync(await GetCompilation(), default);
+      var task = textDocumentLoader.ParseAsync(GetCompilation(), default);
       try {
         await task;
         Assert.Fail("document load did not fail");
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/ClientBasedLanguageServerTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/ClientBasedLanguageServerTest.cs
index 60a7268bf4f..836b8d0c59b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/ClientBasedLanguageServerTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/ClientBasedLanguageServerTest.cs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Client;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Document;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Window;
 using Xunit.Abstractions;
 using Xunit;
 using Xunit.Sdk;
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ public class ClientBasedLanguageServerTest : DafnyLanguageServerTestBase, IAsync
   protected ILanguageClient client;
   protected TestNotificationReceiver<FileVerificationStatus> verificationStatusReceiver;
   protected TestNotificationReceiver<CompilationStatusParams> compilationStatusReceiver;
+  protected TestNotificationReceiver<TelemetryEventParams> telemetryReceiver;
   protected DiagnosticsReceiver diagnosticsReceiver;
   protected TestNotificationReceiver<GhostDiagnosticsParams> ghostnessReceiver;
 
@@ -199,7 +201,7 @@ bool FinishedStatus(NamedVerifiableStatus method) {
   }
 
   public async Task<bool> WaitUntilResolutionFinished(TextDocumentItem documentId,
-    CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) {
+    CancellationToken cancellationToken = default, bool allowException = false) {
 
     CompilationStatusParams compilationStatusParams = compilationStatusReceiver.GetLatestAndClearQueue(s => s.Uri == documentId.Uri);
     while (compilationStatusParams == null || compilationStatusParams.Version != documentId.Version || compilationStatusParams.Uri != documentId.Uri ||
@@ -207,6 +209,9 @@ public async Task<bool> WaitUntilResolutionFinished(TextDocumentItem documentId,
       compilationStatusParams = await compilationStatusReceiver.AwaitNextNotificationAsync(cancellationToken);
     }
 
+    if (!allowException && compilationStatusParams.Status == CompilationStatus.InternalException) {
+      throw new Exception("Encountered internal exception");
+    }
     return compilationStatusParams.Status == CompilationStatus.ResolutionSucceeded;
   }
 
@@ -239,13 +244,13 @@ public Task DisposeAsync() {
   }
 
   protected virtual async Task SetUp(Action<DafnyOptions> modifyOptions) {
-
     // We use a custom cancellation token with a higher timeout to clearly identify where the request got stuck.
     cancellationSource = new();
     cancellationSource.CancelAfter(MaxRequestExecutionTimeMs);
 
     diagnosticsReceiver = new(logger);
     compilationStatusReceiver = new(logger);
+    telemetryReceiver = new(logger);
     verificationStatusReceiver = new(logger);
     ghostnessReceiver = new(logger);
     (client, Server) = await Initialize(InitialiseClientHandler, modifyOptions);
@@ -253,6 +258,7 @@ protected virtual async Task SetUp(Action<DafnyOptions> modifyOptions) {
 
   protected virtual void InitialiseClientHandler(LanguageClientOptions options) {
     options.OnPublishDiagnostics(diagnosticsReceiver.NotificationReceived);
+    options.OnTelemetryEvent(telemetryReceiver.NotificationReceived);
     options.AddHandler(DafnyRequestNames.CompilationStatus,
       NotificationHandler.For<CompilationStatusParams>(compilationStatusReceiver.NotificationReceived));
     options.AddHandler(DafnyRequestNames.GhostDiagnostics,
@@ -412,7 +418,7 @@ protected Task ApplyChangesAndWaitCompletionAsync(VersionedTextDocumentIdentifie
   }
 
   protected async Task<TextDocumentItem> GetDocumentItem(string source, string filename, bool includeProjectFile) {
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     source = source.TrimStart();
     if (includeProjectFile) {
       var projectFile = CreateTestDocument("", Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName));
@@ -435,7 +441,7 @@ protected async Task AssertPositionsLineUpWithRanges(string source, string fileP
     var documentItem = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve(cleanSource, filePath);
     for (var index = 0; index < positions.Count; index++) {
       var position = positions[index];
-      var range = ranges.ContainsKey(string.Empty) ? ranges[string.Empty][index] : ranges[index.ToString()].Single();
+      var range = ranges.ContainsKey(index.ToString()) ? ranges[index.ToString()].Single() : ranges[string.Empty][index];
       var result = (await RequestDefinition(documentItem, position)).Single();
       Assert.Equal(range, result.Location!.Range);
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/DiagnosticsReceiver.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/DiagnosticsReceiver.cs
index 0c2beac0ad8..024b117eab8 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/DiagnosticsReceiver.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/DiagnosticsReceiver.cs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using System;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ public async Task<Diagnostic[]> AwaitNextWarningOrErrorDiagnosticsAsync(Cancella
 
   public Diagnostic[] GetLatestAndClearQueue(TextDocumentIdentifier document, DiagnosticSeverity minimumSeverity = DiagnosticSeverity.Warning) {
     var last = GetLatestAndClearQueue(d => d.Uri == document.Uri);
-    return last.Diagnostics.Where(d => d.Severity <= minimumSeverity).ToArray();
+    return last?.Diagnostics.Where(d => d.Severity <= minimumSeverity).ToArray() ?? Array.Empty<Diagnostic>();
   }
 
   public async Task<Diagnostic[]> AwaitNextDiagnosticsAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken,
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/TestNotificationReceiver.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/TestNotificationReceiver.cs
index de2b43d2193..94d4d114fda 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/TestNotificationReceiver.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Util/TestNotificationReceiver.cs
@@ -45,17 +45,17 @@ public void ClearHistory() {
     public TNotification? GetLatestAndClearQueue(Func<TNotification, bool> predicate) {
       lock (this) {
         while (notifications.Size > 0) {
-          _ = notifications.Dequeue(CancellationToken.None);
+          _ = notifications.Dequeue();
         }
 
         return History.LastOrDefault(predicate);
       }
     }
 
-    public Task<TNotification> AwaitNextNotificationAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+    public async Task<TNotification> AwaitNextNotificationAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
       var start = DateTime.Now;
       try {
-        return notifications.Dequeue(cancellationToken);
+        return await notifications.Dequeue().WaitAsync(cancellationToken);
       } catch (OperationCanceledException) {
         var last = History.Any() ? History[^1].Stringify() : "none";
         logger.LogInformation($"Waited for {(DateTime.Now - start).Seconds} seconds for new notification.\n" +
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/CancelVerificationTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/CancelVerificationTest.cs
index 5f3e7af681c..ea89bc035ad 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/CancelVerificationTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/CancelVerificationTest.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Util;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 using Xunit;
 using Xunit.Abstractions;
@@ -24,6 +25,10 @@ await SetUp(options => {
 
       // Should cancel the previous request.
       ApplyChange(ref documentItem, new Range((12, 9), (12, 23)), "true");
+
+      // Next line is only to gather more information for solving https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/5436 
+      await WaitUntilResolutionFinished(documentItem);
+
       await AssertNothingIsQueued(documentItem);
     }
 
@@ -52,8 +57,7 @@ await SetUp(options => {
         options.Set(BoogieOptionBag.Cores, 2U);
         options.Set(ProjectManager.Verification, VerifyOnMode.Save);
       });
-      var documentItem = CreateTestDocument(SlowToVerify2, "ChangingTheDocumentStopsManualVerification.dfy");
-      client.OpenDocument(documentItem);
+      var documentItem = CreateAndOpenTestDocument(SlowToVerify2, "ChangingTheDocumentStopsManualVerification.dfy");
       Assert.True(await client.RunSymbolVerification(documentItem, new Position(11, 23), CancellationToken));
       Assert.True(await client.RunSymbolVerification(documentItem, new Position(0, 23), CancellationToken));
 
@@ -102,7 +106,7 @@ private async Task AssertNothingIsQueued(TextDocumentItem documentItem) {
       }
     }
 
-    public CancelVerificationTest(ITestOutputHelper output) : base(output) {
+    public CancelVerificationTest(ITestOutputHelper output) : base(output, LogLevel.Debug) {
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/CompilationStatusNotificationTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/CompilationStatusNotificationTest.cs
index 184a2388562..943c68195d2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/CompilationStatusNotificationTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/CompilationStatusNotificationTest.cs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ method Bar() {
 }
 ";
 
-      var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+      var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
       Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
       await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, "producer.dfy"), producerSource);
       await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName), "");
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ method Bar() {
       var somethingElse = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("method Foo() {}", "somethingElse");
       var a7 = await compilationStatusReceiver.AwaitNextNotificationAsync(CancellationToken);
       Assert.Equal(somethingElse.Uri, a7.Uri);
+      Directory.Delete(directory, true);
     }
 
     [Fact]
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ public async Task MultipleDocumentsFailedResolution() {
 method Foo() returns (x: int) {
   return 2;
 }".TrimStart();
-      var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+      var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
       Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
       var projectFile = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("", Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName));
       var status = await compilationStatusReceiver.AwaitNextNotificationAsync(CancellationToken);
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ method Foo() returns (x: int) {
       };
       var documents = new[] { projectFile.Uri, documentItem1.Uri, DocumentUri.File(secondFilePath) };
       await CheckExpectedStatuses(expectedStatuses, documents);
+      Directory.Delete(directory, true);
     }
 
     private async Task CheckExpectedStatuses(CompilationStatus[] expectedStatuses, DocumentUri[] documents) {
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ private async Task CheckExpectedStatuses(CompilationStatus[] expectedStatuses, D
 
     [Fact]
     public async Task MultipleDocumentsSuccessfulResolution() {
-      var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+      var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
       Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
       var projectFile = await CreateOpenAndWaitForResolve("", Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName));
       var status = await compilationStatusReceiver.AwaitNextNotificationAsync(CancellationToken);
@@ -112,6 +114,7 @@ method Foo() returns (x: int) {
       foreach (var _ in new[] { documentItem1.Uri, DocumentUri.File(secondFilePath) }) {
         await WaitForStatus(null, PublishedVerificationStatus.Stale, CancellationToken);
       }
+      Directory.Delete(directory, true);
     }
 
     [Fact(Timeout = MaxTestExecutionTimeMs)]
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/ConcurrentInteractionsTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/ConcurrentInteractionsTest.cs
index 96fe3cb2b33..bdccae98986 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/ConcurrentInteractionsTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/ConcurrentInteractionsTest.cs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.JsonRpc.Server;
 using Xunit;
 using Xunit.Abstractions;
+using XunitAssertMessages;
 using Range = OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models.Range;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Various {
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ DidChangeTextDocumentParams MakeChange(int? version, Range range, string text) {
       var diagnostics = await GetLatestDiagnosticsParams(documentItem, CancellationToken);
       Assert.Equal(documentItem.Version, diagnostics.Version);
       Assert.Single(diagnostics.Diagnostics);
-      Assert.Equal("assertion might not hold", diagnostics.Diagnostics.First().Message);
+      AssertM.Equal("assertion might not hold", diagnostics.Diagnostics.First().Message, "actual diagnostic message was: " + diagnostics.Diagnostics.First().Message);
     }
 
     [Fact]
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/PluginsHandlerTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/PluginsHandlerTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c7db1102d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/PluginsHandlerTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Extensions;
+using Xunit.Abstractions;
+using Xunit;
+using System.Threading;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.IntegrationTest.Various;
+
+public class PluginsHandlerTest : PluginsTestBase {
+
+  protected override string LibraryName =>
+    "PluginsHandlerTest";
+
+  protected override string[] CommandLineArgument =>
+    new[] { $"{LibraryPath}" };
+
+  [Fact]
+  public async Task EnsureWithPluginHandlersWorks() {
+    var documentItem = CreateTestDocument(@"
+method firstMethod() {
+}");
+    var cancellationToken = new CancellationToken();
+    await client.OpenDocumentAndWaitAsync(documentItem, CancellationToken);
+    var requestResult = await client.SendRequest("dafny/request/dummy").Returning<string>(cancellationToken);
+    Assert.Equal("dummy", requestResult);
+  }
+
+  public PluginsHandlerTest(ITestOutputHelper output) : base(output) {
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/PluginsTestBase.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/PluginsTestBase.cs
index e36aa55b85d..96e8e678295 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/PluginsTestBase.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/PluginsTestBase.cs
@@ -38,13 +38,15 @@ private static string GetLibrary(string assemblyName) {
       "DafnyCore",
       "System",
       "netstandard",
+      "OmniSharp.Extensions.JsonRpc",
       "OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer",
       "OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageProtocol",
       "System.Console",
       "DafnyLanguageServer",
       "System.Runtime",
       "Boogie.Core",
-      "System.Collections"
+      "System.Collections",
+      "MediatR"
     };
     compilation = compilation.AddReferences(standardLibraries.Select(fileName =>
         MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.Load((string)fileName).Location)))
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ private static string GetLibrary(string assemblyName) {
       .WithOptions(
         new CSharpCompilationOptions(OutputKind.DynamicallyLinkedLibrary)
       );
-    var syntaxTree = CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(code);
+    var syntaxTree = CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(code, CSharpParseOptions.Default.WithLanguageVersion(LanguageVersion.CSharp9));
     compilation = compilation.AddSyntaxTrees(syntaxTree);
     var assemblyPath = $"{temp}.dll";
     var result = compilation.Emit(assemblyPath);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/StandardLibraryTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/StandardLibraryTest.cs
index 1b692c71f40..908625e98aa 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/StandardLibraryTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/Various/StandardLibraryTest.cs
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ method Foo() returns (s: ><Option<int>) {
 [options]
 standard-libraries = true";
 
-    var directory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName());
+    var directory = GetFreshTempPath();
     Directory.CreateDirectory(directory);
     await File.WriteAllTextAsync(Path.Combine(directory, DafnyProject.FileName), projectSource);
 
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ method Foo() returns (s: ><Option<int>) {
     await AssertNoDiagnosticsAreComing(CancellationToken);
     var result = await RequestDefinition(documentItem, positions[0]);
     Assert.Equal(new Uri("dafny:DafnyStandardLibraries.dfy"), result.Single().Location.Uri);
+    Directory.Delete(directory, true);
   }
 
   public StandardLibraryTest(ITestOutputHelper output, LogLevel dafnyLogLevel = LogLevel.Information) : base(output, dafnyLogLevel) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/_plugins/PluginsHandlerTest.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/_plugins/PluginsHandlerTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ba8e20e8774
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer.Test/_plugins/PluginsHandlerTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Server;
+using MediatR;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.JsonRpc;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
+namespace PluginsHandlerTest {
+  /// <summary>
+  ///  Small plugin that adds a request to the language server, which simply returns a dummy string
+  /// </summary>
+  public class TestConfiguration : Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Plugins.PluginConfiguration {
+    public override LanguageServerOptions WithPluginHandlers(LanguageServerOptions options) {
+      return options.WithHandler<DummyHandler>();
+    }
+  }
+
+  [Parallel]
+  [Method("dafny/request/dummy", Direction.ClientToServer)]
+  public record DummyParams : IRequest<string>;
+
+  public class DummyHandler : IJsonRpcRequestHandler<DummyParams, string> {
+    public async Task<string> Handle(DummyParams request, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+      return "dummy";
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Caching/PruneIfNotUsedSinceLastPruneCache.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Caching/PruneIfNotUsedSinceLastPruneCache.cs
index b9cd078fcf9..5b439bd7b7e 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Caching/PruneIfNotUsedSinceLastPruneCache.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Caching/PruneIfNotUsedSinceLastPruneCache.cs
@@ -3,13 +3,20 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.Immutable;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny;
 
+public record PruneResult<T>(T Result, int Pruned, int Hits, int Total);
+
 public class PruneIfNotUsedSinceLastPruneCache<TKey, TValue>
   where TValue : class
   where TKey : notnull {
+  private SemaphoreSlim semaphoreSlim = new(1);
+
+
   class Item {
     public Item(TValue value) {
       Value = value;
@@ -29,7 +36,22 @@ public PruneIfNotUsedSinceLastPruneCache(IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer) {
     items = new(comparer);
   }
 
-  public int Prune() {
+  public async Task<PruneResult<T>> UseAndPrune<T>(Func<Task<T>> use, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+    await semaphoreSlim.WaitAsync(cancellationToken);
+    try {
+      var before = Count;
+      var result = await use();
+      var pruned = Prune();
+      var hits = before - pruned;
+
+      return new PruneResult<T>(result, pruned, hits, Count);
+    }
+    finally {
+      semaphoreSlim.Release();
+    }
+  }
+
+  private int Prune() {
     var keys = items.Keys.ToList();
     var removedCount = 0;
     foreach (var key in keys) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/DafnyLanguageServer.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/DafnyLanguageServer.cs
index 0753c9cfcec..556b3682d23 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/DafnyLanguageServer.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/DafnyLanguageServer.cs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ private static string DafnyVersion {
       }
     }
 
-    public static LanguageServerOptions WithDafnyLanguageServer(this LanguageServerOptions options, Action killLanguageServer) {
+    public static LanguageServerOptions WithDafnyLanguageServer(this LanguageServerOptions options, DafnyOptions dafnyOptions, Action killLanguageServer) {
       options.ServerInfo = new ServerInfo {
         Name = "Dafny",
         Version = DafnyVersion
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public static LanguageServerOptions WithDafnyLanguageServer(this LanguageServerO
       return options
         .WithDafnyLanguage()
         .WithDafnyWorkspace()
-        .WithDafnyHandlers()
+        .WithDafnyHandlers(dafnyOptions)
         .OnInitialize((server, @params, token) => InitializeAsync(server, @params, token, killLanguageServer))
         .OnStarted(StartedAsync);
     }
@@ -56,6 +56,10 @@ private static void PublishSolverPath(ILanguageServer server) {
       try {
         var proverOptions = new SMTLibSolverOptions(options);
         proverOptions.Parse(options.ProverOptions);
+        if (proverOptions.ProverName == "noop") {
+          telemetryPublisher.PublishSolverPath("noop solver");
+          return;
+        }
         solverPath = proverOptions.ExecutablePath();
         HandleZ3Version(telemetryPublisher, solverPath);
       } catch (Exception e) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/DafnyLanguageServer.csproj b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/DafnyLanguageServer.csproj
index dc0109c8446..2f6b6597870 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/DafnyLanguageServer.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/DafnyLanguageServer.csproj
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
   <PropertyGroup>
     <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+<RollForward>Major</RollForward>
     <GenerateAssemblyInfo>true</GenerateAssemblyInfo>
     <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
     <RootNamespace>Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer</RootNamespace>
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyDocumentSymbolHandler.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyDocumentSymbolHandler.cs
index 52055ff8cd9..e4db375af42 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyDocumentSymbolHandler.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyDocumentSymbolHandler.cs
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ private IEnumerable<DocumentSymbol> FromSymbol(ISymbol symbol) {
         }
       }
 
-      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(symbol.NameToken.val)) {
+      if (!symbol.Kind.HasValue || string.IsNullOrEmpty(symbol.NavigationToken.val)) {
         return children;
       }
 
@@ -63,11 +63,11 @@ private IEnumerable<DocumentSymbol> FromSymbol(ISymbol symbol) {
       return new DocumentSymbol[] {
         new() {
           Children = children,
-          Name = symbol.NameToken.val,
+          Name = symbol.NavigationToken.val,
           Detail = documentation,
           Range = range,
-          Kind = (SymbolKind)symbol.Kind,
-          SelectionRange = symbol.NameToken == Token.NoToken ? range : symbol.NameToken.ToRange().ToLspRange()
+          Kind = symbol.Kind.Value,
+          SelectionRange = symbol.NavigationToken == Token.NoToken ? range : symbol.NavigationToken.ToRange().ToLspRange()
         }
       };
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyHoverHandler.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyHoverHandler.cs
index 73ff07f442f..0fda0ac80bc 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyHoverHandler.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyHoverHandler.cs
@@ -68,16 +68,16 @@ protected override HoverRegistrationOptions CreateRegistrationOptions(HoverCapab
     }
 
     private (ISymbol? symbol, string? symbolHoverContent) GetStaticHoverContent(HoverParams request, IdeState state) {
-      IDeclarationOrUsage? declarationOrUsage =
-        state.ResolvedProgram.FindNode<IDeclarationOrUsage>(request.TextDocument.Uri.ToUri(), request.Position.ToDafnyPosition());
+      IHasNavigationToken? declarationOrUsage =
+        state.ResolvedProgram.FindNode<IHasNavigationToken>(request.TextDocument.Uri.ToUri(), request.Position.ToDafnyPosition());
       ISymbol? symbol;
 
-      if (declarationOrUsage is IHasUsages usage) {
-        symbol = state.SymbolTable.UsageToDeclaration.GetValueOrDefault(usage) as ISymbol;
+      if (declarationOrUsage is IHasReferences usage) {
+        symbol = state.SymbolTable.ReferenceToNode.GetValueOrDefault(usage) as ISymbol;
       } else {
         // If we hover over a usage, display the information of the declaration
         symbol = declarationOrUsage as ISymbol;
-        if (symbol != null && !symbol.NameToken.ToRange().ToLspRange().Contains(request.Position)) {
+        if (symbol != null && !symbol.NavigationToken.ToRange().ToLspRange().Contains(request.Position)) {
           symbol = null;
         }
       }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyReferencesHandler.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyReferencesHandler.cs
index e1043ca2cca..439464ec788 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyReferencesHandler.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyReferencesHandler.cs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
@@ -35,9 +36,15 @@ public override async Task<LocationContainer> Handle(ReferenceParams request, Ca
 
       var requestUri = request.TextDocument.Uri.ToUri();
       var declaration = state.SymbolTable.GetDeclaration(requestUri, request.Position);
-      return declaration == null
-        ? new LocationContainer()
-        : LocationContainer.From(state.SymbolTable.GetUsages(declaration.Uri.ToUri(), declaration.Range.Start));
+      if (declaration == null) {
+        return new LocationContainer();
+      }
+
+      var usages = state.SymbolTable.GetReferences(declaration.Uri.ToUri(), declaration.Range.Start).ToList();
+      if (request.Context.IncludeDeclaration) {
+        usages.Add(declaration);
+      }
+      return LocationContainer.From(usages);
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyRenameHandler.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyRenameHandler.cs
index 988f2fc7af4..49959112bc7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyRenameHandler.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyRenameHandler.cs
@@ -47,13 +47,17 @@ protected override RenameRegistrationOptions CreateRegistrationOptions(
         return null;
       }
 
-      var node = state.SymbolTable.GetNode(requestUri, request.Position);
-      if (node == null || node.NameToken.val == request.NewName) {
+      var node = state.SymbolTable.GetDeclarationNode(requestUri, request.Position);
+      if (node == null || node.NavigationToken.val == request.NewName) {
         return null;
       }
 
       var declaration = SymbolTable.NodeToLocation(node);
-      var usages = state.SymbolTable.GetUsages(declaration.Uri.ToUri(), declaration.Range.Start);
+      if (declaration == null) {
+        return null;
+      }
+
+      var usages = state.SymbolTable.GetReferences(declaration.Uri.ToUri(), declaration.Range.Start);
       var changes = usages
         .Append(declaration)
         .GroupBy(location => location.Uri)
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyTextDocumentHandler.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyTextDocumentHandler.cs
index 402771d01db..7bfb738d174 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyTextDocumentHandler.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyTextDocumentHandler.cs
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Handlers {
   /// </remarks>
   public class DafnyTextDocumentHandler : TextDocumentSyncHandlerBase {
     private const string DafnyLanguage = "dafny";
-    private const string DafnyProjectLanguage = "dafnyProject";
 
     private readonly ILogger logger;
     private readonly IProjectDatabase projects;
@@ -51,21 +50,27 @@ public DafnyTextDocumentHandler(
 
     protected override TextDocumentSyncRegistrationOptions CreateRegistrationOptions(SynchronizationCapability capability, ClientCapabilities clientCapabilities) {
       return new TextDocumentSyncRegistrationOptions {
-        DocumentSelector = DocumentSelector.ForLanguage(new[] { DafnyLanguage, DafnyProjectLanguage }),
+        DocumentSelector = new DocumentSelector(DocumentFilter.ForLanguage(DafnyLanguage), DocumentFilter.ForPattern("**/*dfyconfig.toml")),
         Change = TextDocumentSyncKind.Incremental
       };
     }
 
     public override TextDocumentAttributes GetTextDocumentAttributes(DocumentUri uri) {
-      return new TextDocumentAttributes(uri, uri.Path.EndsWith(DafnyProject.FileName) ? DafnyProjectLanguage : DafnyLanguage);
+      return new TextDocumentAttributes(uri, uri.Path.EndsWith(DafnyProject.FileName) ? "toml" : DafnyLanguage);
     }
 
     public override async Task<Unit> Handle(DidOpenTextDocumentParams notification, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
       logger.LogDebug("received open notification {DocumentUri}", notification.TextDocument.Uri);
       try {
         await projects.OpenDocument(new DocumentTextBuffer(notification.TextDocument));
+      } catch (InvalidOperationException e) {
+        if (!e.Message.Contains("because it is already open")) {
+          telemetryPublisher.PublishUnhandledException(e);
+        }
+        throw;
       } catch (Exception e) {
         telemetryPublisher.PublishUnhandledException(e);
+        throw;
       }
 
       logger.LogDebug($"Finished opening document {notification.TextDocument.Uri}");
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyWorkspaceSymbolHandler.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyWorkspaceSymbolHandler.cs
index 62004d65b0a..b82b0b5befd 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyWorkspaceSymbolHandler.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/DafnyWorkspaceSymbolHandler.cs
@@ -35,30 +35,40 @@ protected override WorkspaceSymbolRegistrationOptions CreateRegistrationOptions(
       foreach (var projectManager in projects.Managers) {
         cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
         var state = await projectManager.GetStateAfterParsingAsync();
-        foreach (var def in state.SymbolTable.Definitions) {
+        foreach (var symbol in state.SymbolTable.Symbols) {
           cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
+
+          if (!symbol.Kind.HasValue) {
+            logger.LogWarning($"Definition without kind in symbol table: {symbol}");
+            continue;
+          }
+
           // CreateLocation called below uses the .Uri field of Tokens which
           // seems to occasionally be null while testing this from VSCode
-          if (def.NameToken == null || def.NameToken.Uri == null) {
-            logger.LogWarning($"Definition without name token in symbol table: {def}");
+          if (symbol.NavigationToken == null || symbol.NavigationToken.Uri == null) {
+            logger.LogWarning($"Definition without name token in symbol table: {symbol}");
+            continue;
+          }
+
+          if (symbol.NavigationToken.val == null) {
+            logger.LogWarning($"Definition without name in symbol table: {symbol}");
             continue;
           }
-          if (def.NameToken.val == null) {
-            logger.LogWarning($"Definition without name in symbol table: {def}");
+          if (AutoGeneratedToken.Is(symbol.NavigationToken)) {
             continue;
           }
 
           // This matching could be improved by using the qualified name of the symbol here.
-          var name = def.NameToken.val;
+          var name = symbol.NavigationToken.val!;
           if (name.ToLower().Contains(queryText)) {
             // The fewer extra characters there are in the string, the
             // better the match.
             var matchDistance = name.Length - queryText.Length;
             result.TryAdd(new SymbolInformation {
               Name = name,
-              ContainerName = def.Kind.ToString(),
-              Kind = def.Kind,
-              Location = DiagnosticUtil.CreateLocation(def.NameToken)
+              ContainerName = symbol.Kind.ToString(),
+              Kind = symbol.Kind.Value,
+              Location = DiagnosticUtil.CreateLocation(symbol.NavigationToken)
             }, matchDistance);
           }
         }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/LanguageServerExtensions.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/LanguageServerExtensions.cs
index 7a5a5d43eb2..b7c9bba9ebd 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/LanguageServerExtensions.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/LanguageServerExtensions.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Handlers.Custom;
-using OmniSharp.Extensions.JsonRpc;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Plugins;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Server;
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Handlers {
   /// <summary>
@@ -12,7 +13,11 @@ public static class LanguageServerExtensions {
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="options">The language server where the handlers should be registered to.</param>
     /// <returns>The language server enriched with the dafny handlers.</returns>
-    public static LanguageServerOptions WithDafnyHandlers(this LanguageServerOptions options) {
+    public static LanguageServerOptions WithDafnyHandlers(this LanguageServerOptions options, DafnyOptions dafnyOptions) {
+      foreach (var plugin in dafnyOptions.Plugins) {
+        options = plugin is ConfiguredPlugin { Configuration: PluginConfiguration configuration } ?
+          configuration.WithPluginHandlers(options) : options;
+      }
       return options
         .WithHandler<DafnyTextDocumentHandler>()
         .WithHandler<DafnyDocumentSymbolHandler>()
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CacheExtensions.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CacheExtensions.cs
index 7a6b8af1a44..7475310fb94 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CacheExtensions.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CacheExtensions.cs
@@ -1,26 +1,23 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Language;
 
 static class CacheExtensions {
-  public static T ProfileAndPruneCache<T, Key, Value>(this PruneIfNotUsedSinceLastPruneCache<Key, Value> cache,
-    Func<T> useCache, TelemetryPublisherBase telemetryPublisher, string programName, string activity)
-    where Value : class where Key : notnull {
-    var beforeTotal = cache.Count;
-    var result = useCache();
-    var afterCount = cache.Count;
-    var added = afterCount - beforeTotal;
-    cache.Prune();
-    var hitsOrAdded = cache.Count;
-    var hits = hitsOrAdded - added;
-    telemetryPublisher.PublishTelemetry(ImmutableDictionary<string, object>.Empty.
-      Add("subject", "caching").
-      Add("activity", activity).
-      Add("resource", programName.ToString()).
-      Add("hits", hits).
-      Add("total", hitsOrAdded));
-    return result;
+  public static async Task<T> ProfileAndPruneCache<T, TKey, TValue>(this PruneIfNotUsedSinceLastPruneCache<TKey, TValue> cache,
+    Func<Task<T>> useCache, ILogger logger, TelemetryPublisherBase telemetryPublisher, string programName, string activity,
+    CancellationToken cancellationToken)
+    where TValue : class where TKey : notnull {
+    var result = await cache.UseAndPrune(useCache, cancellationToken);
+    telemetryPublisher.PublishTelemetry(ImmutableDictionary<string, object>.Empty.Add("subject", "caching")
+      .Add("activity", activity).Add("resource", programName).Add("hits", result.Hits).Add("pruned", result.Pruned)
+      .Add("total", result.Total));
+
+    return result.Result;
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CachingParser.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CachingParser.cs
index d198dbe2e65..2c161a075f0 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CachingParser.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CachingParser.cs
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public override Task<Program> ParseFiles(string programName, IReadOnlyList<Dafny
     CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
     return parseCache.ProfileAndPruneCache(() =>
       base.ParseFiles(programName, files, errorReporter, cancellationToken),
-      telemetryPublisher, programName, "parsing");
+      logger, telemetryPublisher, programName, "parsing", cancellationToken);
   }
 
   protected override DfyParseResult ParseFile(DafnyOptions options, Func<TextReader> getReader,
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CachingResolver.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CachingResolver.cs
index b05aa90dadb..1bfc9021266 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CachingResolver.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/CachingResolver.cs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Security.Cryptography;
 using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using MediatR;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
@@ -15,11 +16,8 @@ public class ResolutionCache {
   public PruneIfNotUsedSinceLastPruneCache<byte[], ModuleResolutionResult> Modules { get; } = new(new HashEquality());
   public SystemModuleManager? Builtins { get; set; }
   public Dictionary<TopLevelDeclWithMembers, Dictionary<string, MemberDecl>>? SystemClassMembers { get; set; }
-
-  public void Prune() {
-    Modules.Prune();
-  }
 }
+
 public class CachingResolver : ProgramResolver {
   private readonly ILogger<CachingResolver> logger;
   private readonly Dictionary<ModuleDecl, byte[]> hashes = new();
@@ -37,11 +35,11 @@ public CachingResolver(
     this.telemetryPublisher = telemetryPublisher;
   }
 
-  public override void Resolve(CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-    cache.Modules.ProfileAndPruneCache(() => {
-      base.Resolve(cancellationToken);
-      return Unit.Value;
-    }, telemetryPublisher, Program.FullName, "resolution");
+  public override Task Resolve(CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+    return cache.Modules.ProfileAndPruneCache(async () => {
+      await base.Resolve(cancellationToken);
+      return Task.FromResult(Unit.Value);
+    }, logger, telemetryPublisher, Program.FullName, "resolution", cancellationToken);
   }
 
   protected override Dictionary<TopLevelDeclWithMembers, Dictionary<string, MemberDecl>> ResolveSystemModule(Program program) {
@@ -64,8 +62,10 @@ protected override ModuleResolutionResult ResolveModuleDeclaration(CompilationDa
 
     if (!cache.Modules.TryGet(hash, out var result)) {
       logger.LogDebug($"Resolution cache miss for {decl}");
+      var beforeResolution = DateTime.Now;
       result = base.ResolveModuleDeclaration(compilation, decl);
       cache.Modules.Set(hash, result);
+      telemetryPublisher.PublishTime("ModuleResolution", decl.FullName, DateTime.Now - beforeResolution);
     } else {
       logger.LogDebug($"Resolution cache hit for {decl}");
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/DafnyProgramVerifier.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/DafnyProgramVerifier.cs
index 7ae1caf539d..4fbd978f122 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/DafnyProgramVerifier.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/DafnyProgramVerifier.cs
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ public async Task<IReadOnlyList<IVerificationTask>> GetVerificationTasksAsync(Ex
           ExecutionEngine.PrintBplFile(engine.Options, fileName, boogieProgram, false, false, engine.Options.PrettyPrint);
         }
 
-        return engine.GetVerificationTasks(boogieProgram);
+        return await engine.GetVerificationTasks(boogieProgram, cancellationToken);
       }
       finally {
         mutex.Release();
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/DafnyLangSymbolResolver.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/DafnyLangSymbolResolver.cs
index 7bdedc2e36a..6c8e0ab3a98 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/DafnyLangSymbolResolver.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/DafnyLangSymbolResolver.cs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 using System.CommandLine;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Language.Symbols {
@@ -31,26 +32,26 @@ public DafnyLangSymbolResolver(ILogger<DafnyLangSymbolResolver> logger, ILogger<
     }
 
     private readonly ResolutionCache resolutionCache = new();
-    public void ResolveSymbols(Compilation compilation, Program program, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+    public async Task ResolveSymbols(Compilation compilation, Program program, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
       // TODO The resolution requires mutual exclusion since it sets static variables of classes like Microsoft.Dafny.Type.
       //      Although, the variables are marked "ThreadStatic" - thus it might not be necessary. But there might be
       //      other classes as well.
-      resolverMutex.Wait(cancellationToken);
+      await resolverMutex.WaitAsync(cancellationToken);
       try {
-        RunDafnyResolver(compilation, program, cancellationToken);
+        await RunDafnyResolver(compilation, program, cancellationToken);
       }
       finally {
         resolverMutex.Release();
       }
     }
 
-    private void RunDafnyResolver(Compilation compilation, Program program, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+    private async Task RunDafnyResolver(Compilation compilation, Program program, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
       var beforeResolution = DateTime.Now;
       try {
         var resolver = program.Options.Get(UseCaching)
           ? new CachingResolver(program, innerLogger, telemetryPublisher, resolutionCache)
           : new ProgramResolver(program);
-        resolver.Resolve(cancellationToken);
+        await resolver.Resolve(cancellationToken);
         if (compilation.HasErrors) {
           logger.LogDebug($"encountered errors while resolving {compilation.Project.Uri}");
         }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/FunctionSymbol.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/FunctionSymbol.cs
index f0f9f73c5f3..980aaf158d3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/FunctionSymbol.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/FunctionSymbol.cs
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public FunctionSymbol(ILegacySymbol? scope, Function function) : base(scope, fun
     }
 
     public string GetDetailText(DafnyOptions options, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
-      return $"{Declaration.WhatKind} {TypePrefix}{Declaration.Name}({Declaration.Formals.AsCommaSeperatedText()}): {Declaration.ResultType.AsText(options)}";
+      return $"{Declaration.WhatKind} {TypePrefix}{Declaration.Name}({Declaration.Ins.AsCommaSeperatedText()}): {Declaration.ResultType.AsText(options)}";
     }
 
     public override TResult Accept<TResult>(ISymbolVisitor<TResult> visitor) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/ISymbolTableFactory.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/ISymbolTableFactory.cs
index e76fd166559..ba232f19cac 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/ISymbolTableFactory.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/ISymbolTableFactory.cs
@@ -1,7 +1,4 @@
-using System;
-using System.Threading;
-using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
-using Compilation = Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Compilation;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Language.Symbols {
   /// <summary>
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/SymbolDeclarationResolver.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/SymbolDeclarationResolver.cs
index 2695ab0b5ff..9d30f2a370a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/SymbolDeclarationResolver.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/Symbols/SymbolDeclarationResolver.cs
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ private void ProcessAndAddAllMembers(TypeWithMembersSymbolBase containingType, T
 
   private FunctionSymbol ProcessFunction(Symbol scope, Function function) {
     var functionSymbol = new FunctionSymbol(scope, function);
-    foreach (var parameter in function.Formals) {
+    foreach (var parameter in function.Ins) {
       cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
       functionSymbol.Parameters.Add(ProcessFormal(scope, parameter));
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/SyntaxTreeVisitor.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/SyntaxTreeVisitor.cs
index f0382e6f218..7a215cf552d 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/SyntaxTreeVisitor.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Language/SyntaxTreeVisitor.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Language {
+using Microsoft.Boogie;
+
+namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Language {
   /// <summary>
   /// Base syntax tree visitor implementation that visits all nodes,
   /// except auto-generated expressions and attributes.
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ public virtual void Visit(Function function) {
       foreach (var typeArgument in function.TypeArgs) {
         Visit(typeArgument);
       }
-      foreach (var formal in function.Formals) {
+      foreach (var formal in function.Ins) {
         Visit(formal);
       }
       if (function.Result != null) {
@@ -494,6 +496,9 @@ public virtual void Visit(Expression? expression) {
         case LetExpr letExpression:
           Visit(letExpression);
           break;
+        case DecreasesToExpr decreasesToExpr:
+          Visit(decreasesToExpr);
+          break;
         default:
           if (expression != null) {
             VisitUnknown(expression, expression.tok);
@@ -698,8 +703,13 @@ public virtual void Visit(LetExpr letExpression) {
       foreach (var rhs in letExpression.RHSs) {
         VisitNullableExpression(rhs);
       }
+
       VisitNullableAttributes(letExpression.Attributes);
       Visit(letExpression.Body);
     }
+
+    public virtual void Visit(DecreasesToExpr decreasesToExpr) {
+      decreasesToExpr.SubExpressions.ForEach(Visit);
+    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/LanguageServer.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/LanguageServer.cs
index 325ff180607..703fbc13e58 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/LanguageServer.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/LanguageServer.cs
@@ -24,12 +24,14 @@ public class LanguageServer {
         ProjectManager.Verification,
         GhostStateDiagnosticCollector.GhostIndicators,
         GutterIconAndHoverVerificationDetailsManager.LineVerificationStatus,
-        LanguageServer.VerifySnapshots,
+        VerifySnapshots,
         DafnyLangSymbolResolver.UseCaching,
         ProjectManager.UpdateThrottling,
+        CachingProjectFileOpener.ProjectFileCacheExpiry,
+        DeveloperOptionBag.SplitPrint,
+        DeveloperOptionBag.PassivePrint,
         DeveloperOptionBag.BoogiePrint,
-        CommonOptionBag.EnforceDeterminism,
-        CommonOptionBag.UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriterOption,
+        InternalDocstringRewritersPluginConfiguration.UseJavadocLikeDocstringRewriterOption,
         LegacySignatureAndCompletionTable.MigrateSignatureAndCompletionTable
       }.Concat(DafnyCommands.VerificationOptions).
       Concat(DafnyCommands.ResolverOptions);
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ public static async Task Start(DafnyOptions dafnyOptions) {
             .ConfigureLogging(SetupLogging)
             .WithUnhandledExceptionHandler(LogException)
             // ReSharper disable once AccessToModifiedClosure
-            .WithDafnyLanguageServer(() => shutdownServer!())
+            .WithDafnyLanguageServer(dafnyOptions, () => shutdownServer!())
         );
         // Prevent any other parts of the language server to actually write to standard output.
         await using var logWriter = new LogWriter();
@@ -89,10 +91,15 @@ private static void InitializeLogger(DafnyOptions options, IConfiguration config
       var logLevel = options.Get(CommonOptionBag.LogLevelOption);
       var logLocation = options.Get(CommonOptionBag.LogLocation) ?? Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
       Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("DAFNYLS_APP_DIR", logLocation);
-      Log.Logger = new LoggerConfiguration()
+      LoggerConfiguration config = new LoggerConfiguration()
         .ReadFrom.Configuration(configuration)
-        .MinimumLevel.Override("Microsoft.Dafny", logLevel)
-        .CreateLogger();
+        .MinimumLevel.Override("Microsoft.Dafny", logLevel);
+      if (logLocation != null) {
+        var logFile = Path.Combine(logLocation,
+          "DafnyLanguageServerLog" + DateTime.Now.ToString().Replace("/", "_").Replace("\\", "_") + ".txt");
+        config = config.WriteTo.File(logFile);
+      }
+      Log.Logger = config.CreateLogger();
     }
 
     private static void LogException(Exception exception) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/MarkupTestFile.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/MarkupTestFile.cs
index a423e68c9f6..6ad103b1706 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/MarkupTestFile.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/MarkupTestFile.cs
@@ -9,10 +9,8 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.Immutable;
 using System.Linq;
-using System.Security.Policy;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
-using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Text;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 using Range = OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models.Range;
@@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ private static void PopSpan(
         int finalIndex) {
       var (matchIndex, name) = spanStartStack.Pop();
 
-      var span = TextSpan.FromBounds(matchIndex, finalIndex);
+      var span = new TextSpan(matchIndex, finalIndex - matchIndex);
       spans.Add(new AnnotatedSpan(name, span));
     }
 
@@ -197,6 +195,10 @@ public static void GetPositionAndRanges(string input, out string output, out Pos
     // }
   }
 
+  public record TextSpan(int Start, int Length) {
+    public int End => Start + Length;
+  }
+
   public record AnnotatedSpan(string Annotation, TextSpan Span);
   public record AnnotatedRange(string Annotation, Range Range);
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Plugins/DafnyCodeActionProvider.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Plugins/DafnyCodeActionProvider.cs
index 30ec097663b..e5991eeb727 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Plugins/DafnyCodeActionProvider.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Plugins/DafnyCodeActionProvider.cs
@@ -89,6 +89,12 @@ public override IEnumerable<DafnyCodeAction> GetDafnyCodeActions(IDafnyCodeActio
   public RangeToken? FindTokenRangeFromLspRange(IDafnyCodeActionInput input, Range range) {
     var start = range.Start;
     var startNode = input.Program.FindNode<Node>(input.Uri.ToUri(), start.ToDafnyPosition());
+    if (startNode == null) {
+      // A program should have FileModuleDefinition nodes whose ranges span the entire contents of files,
+      // But currently those nodes are missing
+      return null;
+    }
+
     var startToken = startNode.CoveredTokens.FirstOrDefault(t => t.line - 1 == start.Line && t.col - 1 == start.Character);
     if (startToken == null) {
       logger.LogError($"Could not find starting token for position {start} in node {startNode}");
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Plugins/PluginConfiguration.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Plugins/PluginConfiguration.cs
index 7dd8c9e5851..fade531101c 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Plugins/PluginConfiguration.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Plugins/PluginConfiguration.cs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 using System;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Server;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Plugins;
 
@@ -21,4 +22,12 @@ public abstract class PluginConfiguration : Dafny.Plugins.PluginConfiguration {
   public virtual DafnyCodeActionProvider[] GetDafnyCodeActionProviders() {
     return Array.Empty<DafnyCodeActionProvider>();
   }
+
+  /// <summary>
+  /// Override this method to provide additional language server handlers
+  /// </summary>
+  /// <returns>The provided LanguageServerOptions with the additional handlers applied</returns>
+  public virtual LanguageServerOptions WithPluginHandlers(LanguageServerOptions options) {
+    return options;
+  }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/CachingProjectFileOpener.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/CachingProjectFileOpener.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..68750cab735
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/CachingProjectFileOpener.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+using System;
+using System.CommandLine;
+using System.Runtime.Caching;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using DafnyCore;
+using Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+public class CachingProjectFileOpener : ProjectFileOpener {
+  public const int DefaultProjectFileCacheExpiryTime = 100;
+  private readonly object nullRepresentative = new(); // Needed because you can't store null in the MemoryCache, but that's a value we want to cache.
+  private readonly DafnyOptions serverOptions;
+  private readonly MemoryCache projectFilePerFolderCache = new("projectFiles");
+
+
+  static CachingProjectFileOpener() {
+    OptionRegistry.RegisterOption(ProjectFileCacheExpiry, OptionScope.Cli);
+  }
+
+  public CachingProjectFileOpener(IFileSystem fileSystem, DafnyOptions serverOptions, IToken origin) : base(fileSystem, origin) {
+    this.serverOptions = serverOptions;
+  }
+
+  public static readonly Option<int> ProjectFileCacheExpiry = new("--project-file-cache-expiry", () => DefaultProjectFileCacheExpiryTime,
+    @"How many milliseconds the server will cache project file contents".TrimStart()) {
+    IsHidden = true
+  };
+
+  protected override async Task<DafnyProject?> OpenProjectInFolder(string folderPath) {
+    var cacheExpiry = serverOptions.Get(ProjectFileCacheExpiry);
+    if (cacheExpiry == 0) {
+      return await base.OpenProjectInFolder(folderPath);
+    }
+
+    var cachedResult = projectFilePerFolderCache.Get(folderPath);
+    if (cachedResult != null) {
+      return cachedResult == nullRepresentative ? null : ((DafnyProject?)cachedResult)?.Clone();
+    }
+
+    var result = await base.OpenProjectInFolder(folderPath);
+    projectFilePerFolderCache.Set(new CacheItem(folderPath, (object?)result ?? nullRepresentative), new CacheItemPolicy {
+      AbsoluteExpiration = new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.Now.Add(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(cacheExpiry)))
+    });
+    return result?.Clone();
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/GutterIconAndHoverVerificationDetailsManager.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/GutterIconAndHoverVerificationDetailsManager.cs
index 14f095438d2..1c22e7b77db 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/GutterIconAndHoverVerificationDetailsManager.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/GutterIconAndHoverVerificationDetailsManager.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.CommandLine;
 using System.Linq;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ public GutterIconAndHoverVerificationDetailsManager(ILogger logger) {
   public static DocumentVerificationTree UpdateTree(DafnyOptions options, Program program, DocumentVerificationTree rootVerificationTree) {
     var previousTrees = rootVerificationTree.Children;
 
-    List<VerificationTree> result = new List<VerificationTree>();
+    ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree> result = new();
 
     HashSet<Position> recordedPositions = new HashSet<Position>();
 
@@ -366,11 +367,12 @@ void AddChildOutcome(Counterexample? counterexample, AssertCmd assertCmd, IToken
                 secondaryOutcomePosition == child.SecondaryPosition), null);
           if (previousChild != null) {
             // Temporary update of children.
-            implementationNode.Children.Remove(previousChild);
-            implementationNode.Children.Add(previousChild with {
-              StatusCurrent = CurrentStatus.Current,
-              StatusVerification = status
-            });
+            implementationNode.Children = new ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree>(implementationNode.Children.Where(child => child != previousChild)) {
+              previousChild with {
+                StatusCurrent = CurrentStatus.Current,
+                StatusVerification = status
+              }
+            };
           } else {
             implementationNode.Children.Add(nodeDiagnostic);
           }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/IdeState.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/IdeState.cs
index ce4a2d7f091..9cea5b6b3f5 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/IdeState.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/IdeState.cs
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace.ChangeProcessors;
 using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace.Notifications;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
-using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
 using Range = OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models.Range;
 
@@ -35,8 +34,8 @@ public record IdeState(
   CompilationInput Input,
   CompilationStatus Status,
   Node Program,
-  ImmutableDictionary<IPhase, IReadOnlyList<FileDiagnostic>> OldDiagnostics,
-  ImmutableDictionary<IPhase, ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic>> NewDiagnostics,
+  ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic> PreviousFastDiagnostics,
+  ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic> CurrentFastDiagnostics,
   Node? ResolvedProgram,
   SymbolTable SymbolTable,
   LegacySignatureAndCompletionTable SignatureAndCompletionTable,
@@ -45,6 +44,11 @@ public record IdeState(
   IReadOnlyDictionary<Uri, IReadOnlyList<Range>> GhostRanges,
   ImmutableDictionary<Uri, DocumentVerificationTree> VerificationTrees
 ) {
+
+  public ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic> FastDiagnostics => Status is CompilationStatus.Parsing or CompilationStatus.ResolutionStarted
+    ? PreviousFastDiagnostics
+    : CurrentFastDiagnostics;
+
   public Uri Uri => Input.Uri.ToUri();
   public int Version => Input.Version;
 
@@ -63,8 +67,8 @@ public static IdeState InitialIdeState(CompilationInput input) {
       input,
       CompilationStatus.Parsing,
       program,
-      ImmutableDictionary<IPhase, IReadOnlyList<FileDiagnostic>>.Empty,
-      ImmutableDictionary<IPhase, ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic>>.Empty,
+      ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic>.Empty,
+      ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic>.Empty,
       program,
       SymbolTable.Empty(),
       LegacySignatureAndCompletionTable.Empty(input.Options, input.Project), ImmutableDictionary<Uri, ImmutableDictionary<Range, IdeCanVerifyState>>.Empty,
@@ -76,7 +80,7 @@ public static IdeState InitialIdeState(CompilationInput input) {
 
   public const string OutdatedPrefix = "Outdated: ";
 
-  public IdeState Migrate(DafnyOptions options, Migrator migrator, int newVersion, bool clientSide) {
+  public IdeState Migrate(DafnyOptions options, IMigrator migrator, int newVersion, bool clientSide) {
     var migratedVerificationTrees = VerificationTrees.ToImmutableDictionary(
       kv => kv.Key, kv =>
         (DocumentVerificationTree)migrator.RelocateVerificationTree(kv.Value));
@@ -85,22 +89,12 @@ public IdeState Migrate(DafnyOptions options, Migrator migrator, int newVersion,
       ? CanVerifyStates
       : MigrateImplementationViews(migrator, CanVerifyStates);
 
-    var oldDiagnostics = ImmutableDictionary<IPhase, IReadOnlyList<FileDiagnostic>>.Empty;
-    foreach (var phase in OldDiagnostics.Keys.Concat(NewDiagnostics.Keys)) {
-      if (phase.Parent == InternalExceptions.Instance) {
-        continue;
-      }
-
-      var diagnostics = OldDiagnostics.GetValueOrDefault(phase, ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic>.Empty).
-        Concat(NewDiagnostics.GetValueOrDefault(phase, ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic>.Empty));
-      oldDiagnostics = oldDiagnostics.Add(phase, diagnostics);
-    }
     return this with {
       Input = Input with {
         Version = newVersion
       },
-      OldDiagnostics = oldDiagnostics,
-      NewDiagnostics = ImmutableDictionary<IPhase, ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic>>.Empty,
+      PreviousFastDiagnostics = CurrentFastDiagnostics,
+      CurrentFastDiagnostics = ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic>.Empty,
       Status = CompilationStatus.Parsing,
       CanVerifyStates = verificationResults,
       SignatureAndCompletionTable = options.Get(LegacySignatureAndCompletionTable.MigrateSignatureAndCompletionTable)
@@ -110,7 +104,7 @@ public IdeState Migrate(DafnyOptions options, Migrator migrator, int newVersion,
   }
 
   private ImmutableDictionary<Uri, ImmutableDictionary<Range, IdeCanVerifyState>> MigrateImplementationViews(
-    Migrator migrator,
+    IMigrator migrator,
     ImmutableDictionary<Uri, ImmutableDictionary<Range, IdeCanVerifyState>> oldVerificationDiagnostics) {
     var uri = migrator.MigratedUri;
     var previous = oldVerificationDiagnostics.GetValueOrDefault(uri);
@@ -151,8 +145,7 @@ public IEnumerable<FileDiagnostic> GetAllDiagnostics() {
       s.Value.Values.SelectMany(cvs =>
         cvs.VerificationTasks.SelectMany(t => t.Value.Diagnostics.Select(d => new FileDiagnostic(s.Key, d))).
           Concat(cvs.Diagnostics.Select(d => new FileDiagnostic(s.Key, d)))));
-    var genericDiagnostics = (OldDiagnostics.Values.Concat(NewDiagnostics.Values)).SelectMany(x => x);
-    return genericDiagnostics.Concat(verificationDiagnostics).Concat(GetErrorLimitDiagnostics());
+    return FastDiagnostics.Concat(verificationDiagnostics).Concat(GetErrorLimitDiagnostics());
   }
 
   private IEnumerable<FileDiagnostic> GetErrorLimitDiagnostics() {
@@ -204,21 +197,16 @@ public async Task<IdeState> UpdateState(DafnyOptions options,
     }
   }
 
-  record RootFilesPhase : IPhase {
-    public static readonly RootFilesPhase Instance = new();
-    public IPhase? Parent => null;
-  }
-
   private async Task<IdeState> HandleDeterminedRootFiles(DafnyOptions options, ILogger logger,
     IProjectDatabase projectDatabase, DeterminedRootFiles determinedRootFiles) {
 
-    var errors = determinedRootFiles.Diagnostics.
-      Where(d => d.Diagnostic.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error);
+    var errors = CurrentFastDiagnostics.Where(d => d.Diagnostic.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error);
     var status = errors.Any() ? CompilationStatus.ParsingFailed : Status;
 
     var ownedUris = new HashSet<Uri>();
     foreach (var file in determinedRootFiles.Roots) {
       var uriProject = await projectDatabase.GetProject(file.Uri);
+      logger.LogDebug($"HandleDeterminedRootFiles found project for {file.Uri} to be {uriProject.Uri}");
       var ownedUri = uriProject.Equals(determinedRootFiles.Project);
       if (ownedUri) {
         ownedUris.Add(file.Uri);
@@ -228,21 +216,19 @@ private async Task<IdeState> HandleDeterminedRootFiles(DafnyOptions options, ILo
 
     return this with {
       OwnedUris = ownedUris,
-      OldDiagnostics = GetOldDiagnosticsAfterPhase(RootFilesPhase.Instance),
-      NewDiagnostics = NewDiagnostics.Add(RootFilesPhase.Instance, determinedRootFiles.Diagnostics),
       Status = status,
       VerificationTrees = determinedRootFiles.Roots.ToImmutableDictionary(
         file => file.Uri,
         file => VerificationTrees.GetValueOrDefault(file.Uri) ??
-                new DocumentVerificationTree(this.Program, file.Uri))
+                new DocumentVerificationTree(Program, file.Uri))
     };
   }
 
   private IdeState HandleScheduledVerification(ScheduledVerification scheduledVerification) {
     var previousState = this;
 
-    var uri = scheduledVerification.CanVerify.Tok.Uri;
-    var range = scheduledVerification.CanVerify.NameToken.GetLspRange();
+    var uri = scheduledVerification.CanVerify.NavigationToken.Uri;
+    var range = scheduledVerification.CanVerify.NavigationToken.GetLspRange();
     var previousVerificationResult = previousState.CanVerifyStates[uri][range];
     var previousImplementations = previousVerificationResult.VerificationTasks;
     var preparationProgress = new[]
@@ -259,24 +245,9 @@ private IdeState HandleScheduledVerification(ScheduledVerification scheduledVeri
   }
 
   private IdeState HandleNewDiagnostic(NewDiagnostic newDiagnostic) {
-    var previousState = this;
-
-    // Until resolution is finished, keep showing the old diagnostics. 
-    if (previousState.Status > CompilationStatus.ResolutionStarted) {
-      var phase = new SingletonPhase(new MessageSourceBasedPhase(newDiagnostic.Diagnostic.Source), newDiagnostic.Diagnostic);
-      var newDiagnostics = ImmutableList<FileDiagnostic>.Empty.Add(new FileDiagnostic(newDiagnostic.Uri, newDiagnostic.Diagnostic.ToLspDiagnostic()));
-      return previousState with {
-        OldDiagnostics = GetOldDiagnosticsAfterPhase(phase),
-        NewDiagnostics = NewDiagnostics.Add(phase, newDiagnostics)
-      };
-    }
-
-    return previousState;
-  }
-
-  public record InternalExceptions : IPhase {
-    public static readonly IPhase Instance = new InternalExceptions();
-    public IPhase? Parent => null;
+    return this with {
+      CurrentFastDiagnostics = CurrentFastDiagnostics.Add(new FileDiagnostic(newDiagnostic.Uri, newDiagnostic.Diagnostic.ToLspDiagnostic()))
+    };
   }
 
   private IdeState HandleInternalCompilationException(InternalCompilationException internalCompilationException) {
@@ -289,12 +260,9 @@ private IdeState HandleInternalCompilationException(InternalCompilationException
       Range = new Range(0, 0, 0, 1)
     };
 
-    var phase = new SingletonPhase(InternalExceptions.Instance, internalErrorDiagnostic);
-    var newDiagnostics = ImmutableList.Create(new FileDiagnostic(previousState.Input.Uri.ToUri(), internalErrorDiagnostic));
     return previousState with {
       Status = CompilationStatus.InternalException,
-      OldDiagnostics = OldDiagnostics,
-      NewDiagnostics = NewDiagnostics.Add(phase, newDiagnostics)
+      CurrentFastDiagnostics = CurrentFastDiagnostics.Add(new FileDiagnostic(previousState.Input.Uri.ToUri(), internalErrorDiagnostic)),
     };
   }
 
@@ -303,7 +271,7 @@ private IdeState HandleFinishedResolution(DafnyOptions options,
     TelemetryPublisherBase telemetryPublisher,
     FinishedResolution finishedResolution) {
     var previousState = this;
-    var errors = finishedResolution.Diagnostics.Where(d =>
+    var errors = CurrentFastDiagnostics.Where(d =>
       d.Diagnostic.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error && d.Diagnostic.Source != MessageSource.Compiler.ToString()).ToList();
     var status = errors.Any() ? CompilationStatus.ResolutionFailed : CompilationStatus.ResolutionSucceeded;
 
@@ -334,18 +302,15 @@ private IdeState HandleFinishedResolution(DafnyOptions options,
 
     var verificationResults = finishedResolution.Result.CanVerifies == null
       ? previousState.CanVerifyStates
-      : finishedResolution.Result.CanVerifies.GroupBy(l => l.NameToken.Uri).ToImmutableDictionary(k => k.Key,
-        k => k.GroupBy<ICanVerify, Range>(l => l.NameToken.GetLspRange()).ToImmutableDictionary(
+      : finishedResolution.Result.CanVerifies.GroupBy(l => l.NavigationToken.Uri).ToImmutableDictionary(k => k.Key,
+        k => k.GroupBy<ICanVerify, Range>(l => l.NavigationToken.GetLspRange()).ToImmutableDictionary(
           l => l.Key,
           l => MergeResults(l.Select(canVerify => MergeVerifiable(previousState, canVerify)))));
     var signatureAndCompletionTable = legacySignatureAndCompletionTable.Resolved
       ? legacySignatureAndCompletionTable
       : previousState.SignatureAndCompletionTable;
 
-    var phase = new MessageSourceBasedPhase(MessageSource.Resolver);
     return previousState with {
-      OldDiagnostics = GetOldDiagnosticsAfterPhase(phase),
-      NewDiagnostics = NewDiagnostics.Add(phase, finishedResolution.Diagnostics),
       Status = status,
       Counterexamples = Array.Empty<Counterexample>(),
       ResolvedProgram = finishedResolution.Result.ResolvedProgram,
@@ -374,8 +339,8 @@ private static PublishedVerificationStatus Combine(PublishedVerificationStatus f
   }
 
   private static IdeCanVerifyState MergeVerifiable(IdeState previousState, ICanVerify canVerify) {
-    var range = canVerify.NameToken.GetLspRange();
-    var previousIdeCanVerifyState = previousState.GetVerificationResults(canVerify.NameToken.Uri).GetValueOrDefault(range);
+    var range = canVerify.NavigationToken.GetLspRange();
+    var previousIdeCanVerifyState = previousState.GetVerificationResults(canVerify.NavigationToken.Uri).GetValueOrDefault(range);
     var previousImplementations =
       previousIdeCanVerifyState?.VerificationTasks ??
       ImmutableDictionary<string, IdeVerificationTaskState>.Empty;
@@ -396,37 +361,16 @@ private IdeState HandleFinishedParsing(FinishedParsing finishedParsing) {
         });
     }
 
-    var errors = finishedParsing.Diagnostics
-      .Where(d => d.Diagnostic.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error);
+    var errors = CurrentFastDiagnostics.Where(d => d.Diagnostic.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error);
     var status = errors.Any() ? CompilationStatus.ParsingFailed : CompilationStatus.ResolutionStarted;
 
-    IPhase completedPhase = new MessageSourceBasedPhase(MessageSource.Parser);
-    var newDiagnostics = finishedParsing.Diagnostics;
     return previousState with {
       Program = finishedParsing.Program,
-      OldDiagnostics = GetOldDiagnosticsAfterPhase(completedPhase),
-      NewDiagnostics = NewDiagnostics.Add(completedPhase, newDiagnostics),
       Status = status,
       VerificationTrees = trees
     };
   }
 
-  private ImmutableDictionary<IPhase, IReadOnlyList<FileDiagnostic>> GetOldDiagnosticsAfterPhase(IPhase completedPhase) {
-    return OldDiagnostics.Where(
-      kv => {
-        var phase = kv.Key;
-        while (phase != null) {
-          if (phase.Equals(completedPhase)) {
-            return false;
-          }
-
-          phase = phase.Parent;
-        }
-
-        return true;
-      }).ToImmutableDictionary(kv => kv.Key, kv => kv.Value);
-  }
-
   private IdeState HandleCanVerifyPartsUpdated(ILogger logger, CanVerifyPartsIdentified canVerifyPartsIdentified) {
     var previousState = this;
     var implementations = canVerifyPartsIdentified.Parts.Select(t => t.Split.Implementation).Distinct();
@@ -436,7 +380,7 @@ private IdeState HandleCanVerifyPartsUpdated(ILogger logger, CanVerifyPartsIdent
     gutterIconManager.ReportImplementationsBeforeVerification(previousState,
       canVerifyPartsIdentified.CanVerify, implementations.ToArray());
 
-    var range = canVerifyPartsIdentified.CanVerify.NameToken.GetLspRange();
+    var range = canVerifyPartsIdentified.CanVerify.NavigationToken.GetLspRange();
     var previousImplementations = previousState.CanVerifyStates[uri][range].VerificationTasks;
     var names = canVerifyPartsIdentified.Parts.Select(Compilation.GetTaskName);
     var verificationResult = new IdeCanVerifyState(PreparationProgress: VerificationPreparationState.Done,
@@ -458,7 +402,7 @@ private IdeState HandleBoogieException(BoogieException boogieException) {
 
     var name = Compilation.GetTaskName(boogieException.Task);
     var uri = boogieException.CanVerify.Tok.Uri;
-    var range = boogieException.CanVerify.NameToken.GetLspRange();
+    var range = boogieException.CanVerify.NavigationToken.GetLspRange();
 
     var previousVerificationResult = previousState.CanVerifyStates[uri][range];
     var previousImplementations = previousVerificationResult.VerificationTasks;
@@ -489,7 +433,7 @@ private IdeState HandleBoogieUpdate(DafnyOptions options, ILogger logger, Boogie
     var name = Compilation.GetTaskName(boogieUpdate.VerificationTask);
     var status = StatusFromBoogieStatus(boogieUpdate.BoogieStatus);
     var uri = boogieUpdate.CanVerify.Tok.Uri;
-    var range = boogieUpdate.CanVerify.NameToken.GetLspRange();
+    var range = boogieUpdate.CanVerify.NavigationToken.GetLspRange();
 
     var previousVerificationResult = previousState.CanVerifyStates[uri][range];
     var previousImplementations = previousVerificationResult.VerificationTasks;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/IdeStateObserver.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/IdeStateObserver.cs
index 581f483f4c0..7fddffdc555 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/IdeStateObserver.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/IdeStateObserver.cs
@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ public IdeStateObserver(ILogger logger,
 
   public void Clear() {
     var ideState = initialState with {
-      Input = initialState.Input with { Version = LastPublishedState.Version + 1 }
+      Input = initialState.Input with { Version = LastPublishedState.Version + 1 },
+      OwnedUris = LastPublishedState.OwnedUris
     };
     notificationPublisher.PublishNotifications(LastPublishedState, ideState);
     telemetryPublisher.PublishUpdateComplete();
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ public void OnNext(IdeState snapshot) {
     }
   }
 
-  public void Migrate(DafnyOptions options, Migrator migrator, int version) {
+  public void Migrate(DafnyOptions options, IMigrator migrator, int version) {
     lock (lastPublishedStateLock) {
       LastPublishedState = LastPublishedState.Migrate(options, migrator, version, true);
       logger.LogDebug($"Migrated LastPublishedState to version {version}, uri {initialState.Input.Uri.ToUri()}");
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/Migrator.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/Migrator.cs
index a0edf3dba7a..e7bb3600990 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/Migrator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/Migrator.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.Immutable;
 using System.Linq;
@@ -15,8 +16,39 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace.ChangeProcessors;
 
 public delegate Migrator CreateMigrator(DidChangeTextDocumentParams changeParams, CancellationToken cancellationToken);
 
-public class Migrator {
+public interface IMigrator {
+  VerificationTree RelocateVerificationTree(VerificationTree tree);
+  Uri MigratedUri { get; }
+  Range? MigrateRange(Range range, bool isFullRange = false);
+  IReadOnlyList<Diagnostic> MigrateDiagnostics(IReadOnlyList<Diagnostic> diagnostics);
+  LegacySignatureAndCompletionTable MigrateSymbolTable(LegacySignatureAndCompletionTable table);
+}
+
+class NoopMigrator : IMigrator {
+  public NoopMigrator(Uri migratedUri) {
+    MigratedUri = migratedUri;
+  }
+
+  public VerificationTree RelocateVerificationTree(VerificationTree tree) {
+    return tree;
+  }
+
+  public Uri MigratedUri { get; }
+  public Range MigrateRange(Range range, bool isFullRange = false) {
+    return range;
+  }
+
+  public IReadOnlyList<Diagnostic> MigrateDiagnostics(IReadOnlyList<Diagnostic> diagnostics) {
+    return diagnostics;
+  }
+
+  public LegacySignatureAndCompletionTable MigrateSymbolTable(LegacySignatureAndCompletionTable table) {
+    return table;
+  }
+}
+
 
+public class Migrator : IMigrator {
   private readonly ILogger<Migrator> logger;
   private readonly DidChangeTextDocumentParams changeParams;
   private readonly CancellationToken cancellationToken;
@@ -342,7 +374,7 @@ public VerificationTree RelocateVerificationTree(VerificationTree originalVerifi
     var migratedChildren = MigrateVerificationTrees(originalVerificationTree.Children);
     var migratedRange = MigrateRange(originalVerificationTree.Range, true);
     return originalVerificationTree with {
-      Children = migratedChildren.ToList(),
+      Children = new ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree>(migratedChildren),
       Range = migratedRange!,
       StatusCurrent = CurrentStatus.Obsolete
     };
@@ -363,7 +395,7 @@ private IEnumerable<VerificationTree> MigrateVerificationTrees(IEnumerable<Verif
       }
       var newNodeDiagnostic = verificationTree with {
         Range = newRange,
-        Children = MigrateVerificationTrees(verificationTree.Children, change).ToList(),
+        Children = new ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree>(MigrateVerificationTrees(verificationTree.Children, change)),
         StatusVerification = verificationTree.StatusVerification,
         StatusCurrent = CurrentStatus.Obsolete,
         Finished = false,
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/NotificationPublisher.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/NotificationPublisher.cs
index 92706e35b80..c830a83cfb1 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/NotificationPublisher.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/NotificationPublisher.cs
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ private void PublishDiagnostics(IdeState state, ImmutableDictionary<Uri, Immutab
 
           projectDiagnostics.Add(new Diagnostic {
             Range = new Range(0, 0, 0, 1),
-            Message = $"the referenced file {uri.LocalPath} contains error(s) but is not owned by this project. The first error is:\n{errors.First().Message}",
+            Message = $"the file {uri.LocalPath} contains error(s) when used by this project, but is part of a different project. The first error is:\n{errors.First().Message}",
             Severity = DiagnosticSeverity.Error,
             Source = MessageSource.Parser.ToString()
           });
@@ -201,42 +201,49 @@ private void PublishGutterIcons(Uri uri, IdeState state,
         return;
       }
 
-      bool verificationStarted = state.Status == CompilationStatus.ResolutionSucceeded;
+      try {
 
-      var errors = diagnosticsPerFile.GetOrDefault(uri, Enumerable.Empty<Diagnostic>).
-        Where(x => x.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error && x.Source != MessageSource.Verifier.ToString()).ToList();
-      var tree = state.VerificationTrees.GetValueOrDefault(uri);
-      if (tree == null) {
-        return;
-      }
+        bool verificationStarted = state.Status == CompilationStatus.ResolutionSucceeded;
 
-      var linesCount = tree.Range.End.Line + 1;
-      var fileVersion = filesystem.GetVersion(uri);
-      if (linesCount == 0) {
-        return;
-      }
+        var errors = diagnosticsPerFile.GetOrDefault(uri, Enumerable.Empty<Diagnostic>).Where(x =>
+          x.Severity == DiagnosticSeverity.Error && x.Source != MessageSource.Verifier.ToString()).ToList();
+        var tree = state.VerificationTrees.GetValueOrDefault(uri);
+        if (tree == null) {
+          return;
+        }
 
-      var verificationStatusGutter = VerificationStatusGutter.ComputeFrom(
-        DocumentUri.From(uri),
-        fileVersion,
-        tree.Children,
-        errors,
-        linesCount,
-        verificationStarted
-      );
-      if (logger.IsEnabled(LogLevel.Trace)) {
-        var icons = string.Join(' ', verificationStatusGutter.PerLineStatus.Select(s => LineVerificationStatusToString[s]));
-        logger.LogDebug($"Sending gutter icons for compilation {state.Input.Project.Uri}, comp version {state.Version}, file version {fileVersion}" +
-                        $"icons: {icons}\n" +
-                        $"stacktrace:\n{Environment.StackTrace}");
-      }
+        var linesCount = tree.Range.End.Line + 1;
+        var fileVersion = filesystem.GetVersion(uri);
+        if (linesCount == 0) {
+          return;
+        }
 
-      lock (previouslyPublishedIcons) {
-        var previous = previouslyPublishedIcons.GetValueOrDefault(uri);
-        if (previous == null || !previous.PerLineStatus.SequenceEqual(verificationStatusGutter.PerLineStatus)) {
-          previouslyPublishedIcons[uri] = verificationStatusGutter;
-          languageServer.TextDocument.SendNotification(verificationStatusGutter);
+        var verificationStatusGutter = VerificationStatusGutter.ComputeFrom(
+          DocumentUri.From(uri),
+          fileVersion,
+          tree.Children.ToList(),
+          errors,
+          linesCount,
+          verificationStarted
+        );
+        if (logger.IsEnabled(LogLevel.Trace)) {
+          var icons = string.Join(' ',
+            verificationStatusGutter.PerLineStatus.Select(s => LineVerificationStatusToString[s]));
+          logger.LogDebug(
+            $"Sending gutter icons for compilation {state.Input.Project.Uri}, comp version {state.Version}, file version {fileVersion}" +
+            $"icons: {icons}\n" +
+            $"stacktrace:\n{Environment.StackTrace}");
+        }
+
+        lock (previouslyPublishedIcons) {
+          var previous = previouslyPublishedIcons.GetValueOrDefault(uri);
+          if (previous == null || !previous.PerLineStatus.SequenceEqual(verificationStatusGutter.PerLineStatus)) {
+            previouslyPublishedIcons[uri] = verificationStatusGutter;
+            languageServer.TextDocument.SendNotification(verificationStatusGutter);
+          }
         }
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        logger.LogError(e, "Exception while publishing gutter icons");
       }
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/Notifications/VerificationDiagnosticsParams.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/Notifications/VerificationDiagnosticsParams.cs
index a52d222076b..7b55e999345 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/Notifications/VerificationDiagnosticsParams.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/Notifications/VerificationDiagnosticsParams.cs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.Immutable;
 using System.Diagnostics;
@@ -202,8 +203,8 @@ Position Position
     public List<TrackedNodeComponent> CoveredIds { get; set; } = new();
 
     // Sub-diagnostics if any
-    public List<VerificationTree> Children { get; set; } = new();
-    public List<VerificationTree> NewChildren { get; set; } = new();
+    public ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree> Children { get; set; } = new();
+    public ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree> NewChildren { get; set; } = new();
 
     public void Visit(Action<VerificationTree> action) {
       action(this);
@@ -354,7 +355,7 @@ public virtual void RenderInto(LineVerificationStatus[] perLineDiagnostics, bool
 
     public virtual VerificationTree GetCopyForNotification() {
       return this with {
-        Children = Children.Select(child => child.GetCopyForNotification()).ToList()
+        Children = new ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree>(Children.Select(child => child.GetCopyForNotification()))
       };
     }
   }
@@ -400,7 +401,7 @@ bool MarkedAsOnly
 
     public override VerificationTree GetCopyForNotification() {
       return this with {
-        Children = Children.Select(child => child.GetCopyForNotification()).ToList(),
+        Children = new ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree>(Children.Select(child => child.GetCopyForNotification())),
         AssertionBatches = AssertionBatches
           .Select(keyValuePair =>
             (keyValuePair.Key, (AssertionBatchVerificationTree)keyValuePair.Value.GetCopyForNotification()))
@@ -414,8 +415,8 @@ public void RecomputeAssertionBatchNodeDiagnostics() {
       foreach (var implementationNode in Children.OfType<ImplementationVerificationTree>()) {
         implementationNumber++;
         foreach (var vcNum in implementationNode.AssertionBatchMetrics.Keys.OrderBy(x => x)) {
-          var children = implementationNode.Children.OfType<AssertionVerificationTree>().Where(
-            assertionNode => assertionNode.AssertionBatchNum == vcNum).Cast<VerificationTree>().ToList();
+          var children = new ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree>(implementationNode.Children.OfType<AssertionVerificationTree>().Where(
+            assertionNode => assertionNode.AssertionBatchNum == vcNum));
           var minPosition = children.Count > 0 ? children.MinBy(child => child.Position)!.Range.Start : Range.Start;
           var maxPosition = children.Count > 0 ? children.MaxBy(child => child.Range.End)!.Range.End : Range.Start;
           result[new AssertionBatchIndex(implementationNumber, vcNum)] = new AssertionBatchVerificationTree(
@@ -476,7 +477,7 @@ public AssertionBatchVerificationTree WithDuration(DateTime parentStartTime, int
     }
     public override VerificationTree GetCopyForNotification() {
       return this with {
-        Children = Children.Select(child => child.GetCopyForNotification()).ToList()
+        Children = new ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree>(Children.Select(child => child.GetCopyForNotification()))
       };
     }
 
@@ -510,7 +511,7 @@ Position Position
 
     public override VerificationTree GetCopyForNotification() {
       return this with {
-        Children = Children.Select(child => child.GetCopyForNotification()).ToList(),
+        Children = new ConcurrentBag<VerificationTree>(Children.Select(child => child.GetCopyForNotification())),
         AssertionBatchMetrics = new Dictionary<int, AssertionBatchMetrics>(AssertionBatchMetrics).ToImmutableDictionary()
       };
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/ProjectManager.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/ProjectManager.cs
index 0ea45fda69b..9498e3ba546 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/ProjectManager.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/ProjectManager.cs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
 
 public delegate ProjectManager CreateProjectManager(
-  CustomStackSizePoolTaskScheduler scheduler,
+  TaskScheduler scheduler,
   VerificationResultCache verificationCache,
   DafnyProject project);
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public delegate ProjectManager CreateProjectManager(
 /// Handles operation on a single document.
 /// Handles migration of previously published document state
 /// </summary>
-public class ProjectManager : IDisposable {
+public class ProjectManager {
 
   public const int DefaultThrottleTime = 100;
   public static readonly Option<int> UpdateThrottling = new("--update-throttling", () => DefaultThrottleTime,
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public class ProjectManager : IDisposable {
   private readonly ILogger<ProjectManager> logger;
 
   private readonly VerificationResultCache cache;
-  private readonly CustomStackSizePoolTaskScheduler scheduler;
+  private readonly TaskScheduler scheduler;
 
   /// <summary>
   /// The version of this project.
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public ProjectManager(
     IProjectDatabase projectDatabase,
     CreateCompilation createCompilation,
     CreateIdeStateObserver createIdeStateObserver,
-    CustomStackSizePoolTaskScheduler scheduler,
+    TaskScheduler scheduler,
     VerificationResultCache cache,
     DafnyProject project) {
     Project = project;
@@ -134,16 +134,13 @@ private void StartNewCompilation(Uri triggeringFile, DidChangeTextDocumentParams
     observerSubscription.Dispose();
     version += 1;
 
-    Migrator? migrator = null;
-    if (changes != null) {
-      migrator = createMigrator(changes, CancellationToken.None);
-      // If we migrate the observer before accessing latestIdeState, we can be sure it's migrated before it receives new events.
-      observer.Migrate(options, migrator, version);
-      latestIdeState = latestIdeState.Migrate(options, migrator, version, false);
-    }
+    var input = new CompilationInput(options, version, Project);
+    IMigrator migrator = changes == null ? new NoopMigrator(triggeringFile) : createMigrator(changes, CancellationToken.None);
+    // If we migrate the observer before accessing latestIdeState, we can be sure it's migrated before it receives new events.
+    observer.Migrate(options, migrator, version);
+    latestIdeState = latestIdeState.Migrate(options, migrator, version, false);
 
     Compilation.Dispose();
-    var input = new CompilationInput(options, version, Project);
     Compilation = createCompilation(GetBoogie(), input);
     var migratedUpdates = GetStates(Compilation);
     states = new ReplaySubject<IdeState>(1);
@@ -174,7 +171,7 @@ private ExecutionEngine GetBoogie() {
     return boogieEngine;
   }
 
-  private void UpdateRecentChanges(DidChangeTextDocumentParams changes, Migrator? migrator) {
+  private void UpdateRecentChanges(DidChangeTextDocumentParams changes, IMigrator? migrator) {
     lock (RecentChanges) {
       var newChanges = changes.ContentChanges.Where(c => c.Range != null).
         Select(contentChange => new Location {
@@ -201,21 +198,28 @@ private void UpdateRecentChanges(DidChangeTextDocumentParams changes, Migrator?
 
   private IObservable<IdeState> GetStates(Compilation compilation) {
     var initialState = latestIdeState;
-    var latestCompilationState = initialState with {
+    var previousIdeState = initialState with {
       Input = compilation.Input,
     };
 
-    return compilation.Updates.ObserveOn(ideStateUpdateScheduler).SelectMany(ev => Update(ev).ToObservable());
+    return compilation.Updates.ObserveOn(ideStateUpdateScheduler).Select(ev => Update(ev));
 
-    async Task<IdeState> Update(ICompilationEvent ev) {
+    IdeState Update(ICompilationEvent ev) {
       if (ev is InternalCompilationException compilationException) {
         logger.LogError(compilationException.Exception, "error while handling document event");
         telemetryPublisher.PublishUnhandledException(compilationException.Exception);
       }
 
-      var newState = await latestCompilationState.UpdateState(options, logger, telemetryPublisher, projectDatabase, ev);
-      latestCompilationState = newState;
-      return newState;
+      try {
+#pragma warning disable VSTHRD002
+        previousIdeState = previousIdeState.UpdateState(options, logger, telemetryPublisher, projectDatabase, ev).Result;
+#pragma warning restore VSTHRD002
+        return previousIdeState;
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        logger.LogError(e, "error while updating IDE state");
+        telemetryPublisher.PublishUnhandledException(e);
+        throw;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -324,9 +328,9 @@ int TopToBottomPriority(ISymbol symbol) {
       .OrderByDescending(GetPriorityAttribute)
       .ThenBy(t => implementationOrder.GetOrDefault(t.Tok.GetFilePosition(), () => int.MaxValue))
       .ThenBy(TopToBottomPriority).ToList();
-    logger.LogDebug($"Ordered verifiables: {string.Join(", ", orderedVerifiables.Select(v => v.NameToken.val))}");
+    logger.LogDebug($"Ordered verifiables: {string.Join(", ", orderedVerifiables.Select(v => v.NavigationToken.val))}");
 
-    var orderedVerifiableLocations = orderedVerifiables.Select(v => v.NameToken.GetFilePosition()).ToList();
+    var orderedVerifiableLocations = orderedVerifiables.Select(v => v.NavigationToken.GetFilePosition()).ToList();
     if (GutterIconTesting) {
       foreach (var canVerify in orderedVerifiableLocations) {
         await compilation.VerifyLocation(canVerify, true);
@@ -349,7 +353,7 @@ IntervalTree<Position, Position> GetTree(Uri uri) {
           intervalTree.Add(
             canVerify.RangeToken.StartToken.GetLspPosition(),
             canVerify.RangeToken.EndToken.GetLspPosition(true),
-            canVerify.NameToken.GetLspPosition());
+            canVerify.NavigationToken.GetLspPosition());
         }
       }
       return intervalTree;
@@ -372,7 +376,10 @@ public void OpenDocument(Uri uri, bool triggerCompilation) {
     }
   }
 
+  public bool IsDisposed { get; private set; }
+
   public void Dispose() {
+    IsDisposed = true;
     boogieEngine?.Dispose();
     Compilation.Dispose();
     observerSubscription.Dispose();
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/ProjectManagerDatabase.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/ProjectManagerDatabase.cs
index f0297bebad1..5900c44617f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/ProjectManagerDatabase.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/ProjectManagerDatabase.cs
@@ -2,19 +2,22 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.Caching;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using DafnyCore;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
 using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol;
+using Token = Microsoft.Boogie.Token;
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace {
   /// <summary>
   /// Contains a collection of ProjectManagers
   /// </summary>
   public class ProjectManagerDatabase : IProjectDatabase {
+
     private readonly object myLock = new();
-    public const int ProjectFileCacheExpiryTime = 100;
 
     private readonly CreateProjectManager createProjectManager;
     private readonly ILogger<ProjectManagerDatabase> logger;
@@ -23,10 +26,9 @@ public class ProjectManagerDatabase : IProjectDatabase {
     private readonly Dictionary<Uri, ProjectManager> managersBySourceFile = new();
     private readonly LanguageServerFilesystem fileSystem;
     private readonly VerificationResultCache verificationCache = new();
-    private readonly CustomStackSizePoolTaskScheduler scheduler;
-    private readonly MemoryCache projectFilePerFolderCache = new("projectFiles");
-    private readonly object nullRepresentative = new(); // Needed because you can't store null in the MemoryCache, but that's a value we want to cache.
+    private readonly TaskScheduler scheduler;
     private readonly DafnyOptions serverOptions;
+    private CachingProjectFileOpener projectFileOpener;
 
     private const int stackSize = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
 
@@ -40,6 +42,7 @@ public ProjectManagerDatabase(
       this.fileSystem = fileSystem;
       this.serverOptions = serverOptions;
       this.scheduler = CustomStackSizePoolTaskScheduler.Create(stackSize, serverOptions.VcsCores);
+      projectFileOpener = new CachingProjectFileOpener(fileSystem, serverOptions, Token.Ide);
     }
 
     public async Task OpenDocument(TextDocumentItem document) {
@@ -112,6 +115,7 @@ public void CloseDocument(TextDocumentIdentifier documentId) {
 
     public async Task<IdeState?> GetResolvedDocumentAsyncInternal(TextDocumentIdentifier documentId) {
       var manager = await GetProjectManager(documentId, false);
+      logger.LogDebug($"project manager found for {documentId.Uri}");
       if (manager != null) {
         return await manager.GetStateAfterResolutionAsync();
       }
@@ -124,116 +128,85 @@ public void CloseDocument(TextDocumentIdentifier documentId) {
     }
 
     private async Task<ProjectManager?> GetProjectManager(TextDocumentIdentifier documentId, bool createOnDemand, bool changedOnOpen = false) {
-      if (!fileSystem.Exists(documentId.Uri.ToUri())) {
+      var uri = documentId.Uri.ToUri();
+      if (!fileSystem.Exists(uri)) {
         return null;
       }
 
-      var project = await GetProject(documentId.Uri.ToUri());
+      var project = await GetProject(uri);
 
       lock (myLock) {
-        var projectManagerForFile = managersBySourceFile.GetValueOrDefault(documentId.Uri.ToUri());
+        var projectManagerForFile = managersBySourceFile.GetValueOrDefault(uri);
+
+        if (projectManagerForFile is { IsDisposed: true }) {
+          // Defensive coding
+          logger.LogError("Found disposed project manager through managersBySourceFile.");
+          projectManagerForFile = null;
+        }
 
+        bool triggerCompilation = false;
         if (projectManagerForFile != null) {
+
           var filesProjectHasChanged = !projectManagerForFile.Project.Equals(project);
           if (filesProjectHasChanged) {
+            logger.LogDebug($"Migrating file {uri} from project {projectManagerForFile.Project.Uri} to project {project.Uri}");
+
             var projectFileContentHasChanged = projectManagerForFile.Project.Uri == project.Uri;
             if (projectFileContentHasChanged) {
-              // Scrap the project manager.
-              projectManagerForFile.CloseAsync();
               managersByProject.Remove(project.Uri);
-            } else {
-              var previousProjectHasNoDocuments = projectManagerForFile.CloseDocument(projectManagerForFile.Project.Uri);
-              if (previousProjectHasNoDocuments) {
-                // Enable garbage collection
-                managersByProject.Remove(projectManagerForFile.Project.Uri);
-              }
+            }
+            var previousProjectHasNoDocuments = projectManagerForFile.CloseDocument(projectManagerForFile.Project.Uri);
+            if (previousProjectHasNoDocuments) {
+              // Enable garbage collection
+              managersByProject.Remove(projectManagerForFile.Project.Uri);
             }
 
             projectManagerForFile = managersByProject.GetValueOrDefault(project.Uri) ??
                                     createProjectManager(scheduler, verificationCache, project);
-            projectManagerForFile.OpenDocument(documentId.Uri.ToUri(), true);
+            projectManagerForFile.OpenDocument(uri, true);
+            triggerCompilation = true;
           }
         } else {
           var managerForProject = managersByProject.GetValueOrDefault(project.Uri);
+          if (managerForProject is { IsDisposed: true }) {
+            // Defensive coding
+            logger.LogError("Found disposed project manager through managersByProject.");
+            managerForProject = null;
+          }
+
           if (managerForProject != null) {
             projectManagerForFile = managerForProject;
-            if (changedOnOpen) {
-              projectManagerForFile.UpdateDocument(new DidChangeTextDocumentParams {
-                ContentChanges = Array.Empty<TextDocumentContentChangeEvent>(),
-                TextDocument = new OptionalVersionedTextDocumentIdentifier {
-                  Uri = documentId.Uri
-                }
-              });
-            }
+            triggerCompilation = changedOnOpen;
           } else {
             if (createOnDemand) {
               projectManagerForFile = createProjectManager(scheduler, verificationCache, project);
-              projectManagerForFile.OpenDocument(documentId.Uri.ToUri(), true);
+              triggerCompilation = true;
             } else {
               return null;
             }
           }
         }
 
-        managersBySourceFile[documentId.Uri.ToUri()] = projectManagerForFile;
+        managersBySourceFile[uri] = projectManagerForFile;
         managersByProject[project.Uri] = projectManagerForFile;
+        projectManagerForFile.OpenDocument(uri, triggerCompilation);
         return projectManagerForFile;
       }
     }
 
     public async Task<DafnyProject> GetProject(Uri uri) {
-      return uri.LocalPath.EndsWith(DafnyProject.FileName)
-        ? await DafnyProject.Open(fileSystem, serverOptions, uri)
-        : (await FindProjectFile(uri) ?? ImplicitProject(uri));
+      return await projectFileOpener.TryFindProject(uri) ?? ImplicitProject(uri);
     }
 
     public static DafnyProject ImplicitProject(Uri uri) {
-      var implicitProject = new DafnyProject {
-        Includes = new[] { uri.LocalPath },
-        Uri = uri
-      };
+      var implicitProject = new DafnyProject(
+        uri, null,
+        new[] { uri.LocalPath }.ToHashSet(),
+        new HashSet<string>(),
+        new Dictionary<string, object>());
       return implicitProject;
     }
 
-    private async Task<DafnyProject?> FindProjectFile(Uri sourceUri) {
-      DafnyProject? projectFile = null;
-
-      var folder = Path.GetDirectoryName(sourceUri.LocalPath);
-      while (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(folder) && projectFile == null) {
-        projectFile = await OpenProjectInFolder(folder);
-
-        if (projectFile != null && projectFile.Uri != sourceUri && projectFile.ContainsSourceFile(sourceUri) == false) {
-          projectFile = null;
-        }
-
-        folder = Path.GetDirectoryName(folder);
-      }
-
-      return projectFile;
-    }
-
-    private async Task<DafnyProject?> OpenProjectInFolder(string folderPath) {
-      var cachedResult = projectFilePerFolderCache.Get(folderPath);
-      if (cachedResult != null) {
-        return cachedResult == nullRepresentative ? null : ((DafnyProject?)cachedResult)?.Clone();
-      }
-
-      var result = await OpenProjectInFolderUncached(folderPath);
-      projectFilePerFolderCache.Set(new CacheItem(folderPath, (object?)result ?? nullRepresentative), new CacheItemPolicy {
-        AbsoluteExpiration = new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.Now.Add(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(ProjectFileCacheExpiryTime)))
-      });
-      return result?.Clone();
-    }
-
-    private Task<DafnyProject?> OpenProjectInFolderUncached(string folderPath) {
-      var configFileUri = new Uri(Path.Combine(folderPath, DafnyProject.FileName));
-      if (!fileSystem.Exists(configFileUri)) {
-        return Task.FromResult<DafnyProject?>(null);
-      }
-
-      return DafnyProject.Open(fileSystem, serverOptions, configFileUri);
-    }
-
     public IEnumerable<ProjectManager> Managers => managersByProject.Values;
     public void Dispose() {
       foreach (var manager in Managers) {
@@ -241,4 +214,4 @@ public void Dispose() {
       }
     }
   }
-}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/SymbolTable.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/SymbolTable.cs
index 3121d196667..0d5abc385ad 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/SymbolTable.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/SymbolTable.cs
@@ -10,22 +10,49 @@
 
 namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
 
+record Reference(IHasNavigationToken Referer, IHasNavigationToken Referred);
+
 public class SymbolTable {
 
   public static SymbolTable CreateFrom(ILogger logger, Program program, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
     var visited = program.Visit(a => true, b => { });
 
-    var usages = visited.OfType<IHasUsages>().Where(v => !AutoGeneratedToken.Is(v.NameToken))
+    var references = visited.OfType<IHasReferences>().Where(v => !AutoGeneratedToken.Is(v.NavigationToken))
       .SelectMany(r => {
-        var usages = r.GetResolvedDeclarations();
+        var usages = r.GetReferences();
         if (usages == null) {
-          logger.LogError($"Value of type {r.GetType()} returned a null for ${nameof(IHasUsages.GetResolvedDeclarations)}");
-          usages = Array.Empty<IDeclarationOrUsage>();
+          logger.LogError($"Value of type {r.GetType()} returned a null for ${nameof(IHasReferences.GetReferences)}");
+          usages = Array.Empty<IHasNavigationToken>();
         }
         return usages.Where(d => d != null).Select(declaration =>
-          ((IDeclarationOrUsage)r, declaration));
+          new Reference(r, declaration));
       }).ToList();
 
+    var definitions = visited.OfType<IHasNavigationToken>();
+
+    return new SymbolTable(references, definitions.ToList());
+  }
+
+  public static SymbolTable Empty() {
+    return new SymbolTable();
+  }
+
+  private SymbolTable() {
+    NodeToReferences = ImmutableDictionary<IHasNavigationToken, ISet<IHasNavigationToken>>.Empty;
+    ReferenceToNode = ImmutableDictionary<IHasNavigationToken, IHasNavigationToken>.Empty;
+    Symbols = ImmutableList<ISymbol>.Empty;
+  }
+
+  private SymbolTable(IReadOnlyList<Reference> references, IReadOnlyList<IHasNavigationToken> hasNavigationTokens) {
+    var safeReferences = references.Where(k => k.Referer.NavigationToken.Uri != null).ToImmutableList();
+
+    var referencesAsKeyValuePairs = safeReferences.Select(k => KeyValuePair.Create(k.Referer, k.Referred));
+    ReferenceToNode = referencesAsKeyValuePairs.DistinctBy(pair => pair.Key).ToImmutableDictionary();
+
+    NodeToReferences = safeReferences.GroupBy(u => u.Referred).ToImmutableDictionary(
+      g => g.Key,
+      g => (ISet<IHasNavigationToken>)g.Select(k => k.Referer).ToHashSet());
+
     var relevantDafnySymbolKinds = new HashSet<SymbolKind> {
       SymbolKind.Function,
       SymbolKind.Class,
@@ -41,97 +68,76 @@ public static SymbolTable CreateFrom(ILogger logger, Program program, Cancellati
     // performance can be improved by storing their names in a
     // data structure that makes this operation cheaper, such as
     // a suffix tree.
-    var definitions = visited
-      .OfType<ISymbol>()
-      .Where(symbol => relevantDafnySymbolKinds.Contains(symbol.Kind))
-      .ToImmutableList();
-
-    return new SymbolTable(usages, definitions);
-  }
-
-  public static SymbolTable Empty() {
-    return new SymbolTable();
-  }
-
-  private SymbolTable() {
-    DeclarationToUsages = ImmutableDictionary<IDeclarationOrUsage, ISet<IDeclarationOrUsage>>.Empty;
-    UsageToDeclaration = ImmutableDictionary<IDeclarationOrUsage, IDeclarationOrUsage>.Empty;
-    Definitions = ImmutableList<ISymbol>.Empty;
-  }
-
-  public SymbolTable(IReadOnlyList<(IDeclarationOrUsage usage, IDeclarationOrUsage declaration)> usages, ImmutableList<ISymbol> definitions) {
-    var safeUsages1 = usages.Where(k => k.usage.NameToken.Uri != null).ToImmutableList();
-    var safeUsages = usages.Where(k => k.usage.NameToken.Uri != null && k.declaration.NameToken.Uri != null).ToImmutableList();
-
-    var usageDeclarations = safeUsages1.Select(k => KeyValuePair.Create(k.usage, k.declaration));
-    var selfDeclarations = safeUsages1.Select(k => KeyValuePair.Create(k.declaration, k.declaration));
-    UsageToDeclaration = usageDeclarations.Concat(selfDeclarations).DistinctBy(pair => pair.Key).ToImmutableDictionary();
-
-    DeclarationToUsages = safeUsages1.GroupBy(u => u.declaration).ToImmutableDictionary(
-      g => g.Key,
-      g => (ISet<IDeclarationOrUsage>)g.Select(k => k.usage).ToHashSet());
-
-    Definitions = definitions;
-
-    var symbols = safeUsages.Select(u => u.declaration).
-      Concat(safeUsages.Select(u => u.usage)).
-      Where(s => !AutoGeneratedToken.Is(s.NameToken));
-    var symbolsByFile = symbols.GroupBy(s => s.NameToken.Uri);
+    Symbols = hasNavigationTokens.OfType<ISymbol>().
+      Where(symbol => symbol.Kind.HasValue && relevantDafnySymbolKinds.Contains(symbol.Kind.Value)).
+      ToImmutableList();
+
+    var symbols = hasNavigationTokens
+      .Concat(safeReferences.Select(r => r.Referer))
+      .Concat(safeReferences.Select(r => r.Referred))
+      .Where(s => !AutoGeneratedToken.Is(s.NavigationToken)).Distinct();
+    var symbolsByFile = symbols.GroupBy(s => s.NavigationToken.Uri);
     foreach (var symbolsForFile in symbolsByFile) {
-      var nodePositions = new IntervalTree<Position, IDeclarationOrUsage>();
-      this.nodePositions.Add(symbolsForFile.Key, nodePositions);
+      if (symbolsForFile.Key == null) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      var nodePositionsForFile = new IntervalTree<Position, IHasNavigationToken>();
+      nodePositions.Add(symbolsForFile.Key, nodePositionsForFile);
       foreach (var symbolForFile in symbolsForFile) {
-        var range = symbolForFile.NameToken.GetLspRange();
-        nodePositions.Add(range.Start, range.End, symbolForFile);
+        var range = symbolForFile.NavigationToken.GetLspRange();
+        nodePositionsForFile.Add(range.Start, range.End, symbolForFile);
       }
     }
   }
 
-  private readonly Dictionary<Uri, IIntervalTree<Position, IDeclarationOrUsage>> nodePositions = new();
+  private readonly Dictionary<Uri, IIntervalTree<Position, IHasNavigationToken>> nodePositions = new();
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Maps each symbol declaration to itself, and each symbol usage to the symbol's declaration.
   /// </summary>
-  public ImmutableDictionary<IDeclarationOrUsage, IDeclarationOrUsage> UsageToDeclaration { get; }
+  public ImmutableDictionary<IHasNavigationToken, IHasNavigationToken> ReferenceToNode { get; }
 
   /// <summary>
   /// Maps each symbol declaration to usages of the symbol, not including the declaration itself.
   /// </summary>
-  public ImmutableDictionary<IDeclarationOrUsage, ISet<IDeclarationOrUsage>> DeclarationToUsages { get; }
+  public ImmutableDictionary<IHasNavigationToken, ISet<IHasNavigationToken>> NodeToReferences { get; }
 
   /// <summary>
   ///  A list of all definitions, such as methods, classes, functions, etc., used for workspace-wide symbol
   /// lookup.
   /// </summary>
-  public ImmutableList<ISymbol> Definitions { get; }
+  public ImmutableList<ISymbol> Symbols { get; }
 
-  public ISet<Location> GetUsages(Uri uri, Position position) {
+  public IEnumerable<Location> GetReferences(Uri uri, Position position) {
     if (nodePositions.TryGetValue(uri, out var forFile)) {
       return forFile.Query(position).
-        SelectMany(node => DeclarationToUsages.GetOrDefault(node, () => (ISet<IDeclarationOrUsage>)new HashSet<IDeclarationOrUsage>())).
-        Select(u => new Location { Uri = u.NameToken.Filepath, Range = u.NameToken.GetLspRange() }).ToHashSet();
+        SelectMany(node => NodeToReferences.GetOrDefault(node, () => (ISet<IHasNavigationToken>)new HashSet<IHasNavigationToken>())).
+        Select(u => new Location { Uri = u.NavigationToken.Filepath, Range = u.NavigationToken.GetLspRange() }).Distinct();
     }
-    return Sets.Empty<Location>();
+    return Enumerable.Empty<Location>();
   }
 
   public Location? GetDeclaration(Uri uri, Position position) {
-    var node = GetNode(uri, position);
+    var node = GetDeclarationNode(uri, position);
     return node == null ? null : NodeToLocation(node);
   }
 
-  internal static Location NodeToLocation(IDeclarationOrUsage node) {
+  internal static Location? NodeToLocation(IHasNavigationToken node) {
+    if (node.NavigationToken.Uri == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
     return new Location {
-      Uri = DocumentUri.From(node.NameToken.Uri),
-      Range = node.NameToken.GetLspRange()
+      Uri = DocumentUri.From(node.NavigationToken.Uri),
+      Range = node.NavigationToken.GetLspRange()
     };
   }
 
-  public IDeclarationOrUsage? GetNode(Uri uri, Position position) {
+  public IHasNavigationToken? GetDeclarationNode(Uri uri, Position position) {
     if (!nodePositions.TryGetValue(uri, out var forFile)) {
       return null;
     }
     return forFile.Query(position)
-      .Select(node => UsageToDeclaration.GetOrDefault(node, () => (IDeclarationOrUsage?)null))
+      .Select(node => node is ISymbol ? node : ReferenceToNode.GetValueOrDefault(node))
       .FirstOrDefault(x => x != null);
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/TelemetryPublisherBase.cs b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/TelemetryPublisherBase.cs
index 5def479d542..223465f7b89 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/TelemetryPublisherBase.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Workspace/TelemetryPublisherBase.cs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace {
   public abstract class TelemetryPublisherBase {
     protected ILogger<TelemetryPublisherBase> logger;
 
-    protected enum TelemetryEventKind {
+    public enum TelemetryEventKind {
       UpdateComplete,
       UnhandledException,
       SolverPath,
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public void PublishUpdateComplete() {
     public void PublishUnhandledException(Exception e) {
       logger.LogError(e, "exception occurred");
       PublishTelemetry(ImmutableDictionary.Create<string, object>().
-        Add("kind", TelemetryPublisherBase.TelemetryEventKind.UnhandledException).
+        Add("kind", TelemetryEventKind.UnhandledException).
         Add("payload", e.ToString()));
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/DafnyPipeline.Test.csproj b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/DafnyPipeline.Test.csproj
index 8dc6a8806e1..a98109bebaf 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/DafnyPipeline.Test.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/DafnyPipeline.Test.csproj
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="3.7.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="DiffPlex" Version="1.7.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk" Version="17.1.0" />
     <PackageReference Include="xunit" Version="2.4.2" />
diff --git a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/DocstringTest.cs b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/DocstringTest.cs
index c73878fc743..935b7454ed2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/DocstringTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/DocstringTest.cs
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@ protected Task DocstringWorksFor(string source, string nodeTokenValue, string? e
     }
 
     protected async Task DocstringWorksFor(string source, List<(string nodeTokenValue, string? expectedDocstring)> tests) {
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create((TextWriter)new WriterFromOutputHelper(output));
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser((TextWriter)new WriterFromOutputHelper(output));
       var newlineTypes = Enum.GetValues(typeof(Newlines));
       foreach (Newlines newLinesType in newlineTypes) {
         currentNewlines = newLinesType;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/FormatterBaseTest.cs b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/FormatterBaseTest.cs
index 3eaae257674..5fb693c5ff2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/FormatterBaseTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/FormatterBaseTest.cs
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ enum Newlines {
 
     protected async Task FormatterWorksFor(string testCase, string? expectedProgramString = null, bool expectNoToken = false,
       bool reduceBlockiness = true) {
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create(output);
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(output);
       options.DisallowIncludes = true;
       var newlineTypes = Enum.GetValues(typeof(Newlines));
       foreach (Newlines newLinesType in newlineTypes) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/IntraMethodVerificationStability.cs b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/IntraMethodVerificationStability.cs
index 100572a982c..7e4066fd740 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/IntraMethodVerificationStability.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/IntraMethodVerificationStability.cs
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ public IntraMethodVerificationStability(ITestOutputHelper testOutputHelper) {
 
     [Fact]
     public async Task NoUniqueLinesWhenConcatenatingUnrelatedPrograms() {
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create((TextWriter)new WriterFromOutputHelper(testOutputHelper));
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser((TextWriter)new WriterFromOutputHelper(testOutputHelper));
       Regex idAttributeRegex = new Regex("{:id \".*\"}");
 
       var regularBoogie = await GetBoogie(options, originalProgram);
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ public async Task NoUniqueLinesWhenConcatenatingUnrelatedPrograms() {
 
     [Fact]
     public async Task EqualProverLogWhenReorderingProgram() {
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create((TextWriter)new WriterFromOutputHelper(testOutputHelper));
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser((TextWriter)new WriterFromOutputHelper(testOutputHelper));
       options.ProcsToCheck.Add("SomeMethod*");
 
       var reorderedProverLog = await GetProverLogForProgramAsync(options, await GetBoogie(options, reorderedProgram));
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public async Task EqualProverLogWhenReorderingProgram() {
 
     [Fact]
     public async Task EqualProverLogWhenRenamingProgram() {
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create((TextWriter)new WriterFromOutputHelper(testOutputHelper));
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser((TextWriter)new WriterFromOutputHelper(testOutputHelper));
       options.ProcsToCheck.Add("*SomeMethod*");
 
       var renamedProverLog = await GetProverLogForProgramAsync(options, await GetBoogie(options, renamedProgram));
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ public async Task EqualProverLogWhenRenamingProgram() {
     [Fact]
     public async Task EqualProverLogWhenAddingUnrelatedProgram() {
 
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create((TextWriter)new WriterFromOutputHelper(testOutputHelper));
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser((TextWriter)new WriterFromOutputHelper(testOutputHelper));
       options.ProcsToCheck.Add("*SomeMethod *");
 
       var renamedProverLog = await GetProverLogForProgramAsync(options, await GetBoogie(options, renamedProgram + originalProgram));
@@ -221,6 +221,7 @@ private async IAsyncEnumerable<string> GetProverLogsForProgramAsync(DafnyOptions
       foreach (var proverFile in Directory.GetFiles(directory)) {
         yield return await File.ReadAllTextAsync(proverFile);
       }
+      Directory.Delete(directory, true);
     }
 
     ISet<string> UniqueNonCommentLines(string input) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/Issue1355.cs b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/Issue1355.cs
index e5e8c7f4c91..cbdcc292d67 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/Issue1355.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/Issue1355.cs
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ public Issue1355(ITestOutputHelper output) {
 
     [Fact]
     public async Task Test() {
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create(output);
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(output);
       options.DafnyPrelude = "../../../../../Binaries/DafnyPrelude.bpl";
 
       var programString = @"trait Trait<A, B> { }";
diff --git a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/PluginsTest.cs b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/PluginsTest.cs
index 2b2d10703cd..a509509a3ed 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/PluginsTest.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/PluginsTest.cs
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ private string GetLibrary(string name) {
   public async Task EnsurePluginIsExecuted() {
     var library = GetLibrary("rewriterPreventingVerificationWithArgument");
 
-    var options = DafnyOptions.Create(output);
+    var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(output);
     options.Plugins.Add(AssemblyPlugin.Load(library, new string[] { "because whatever" }));
 
     var programString = "function test(): int { 1 }";
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public async Task EnsurePluginIsExecuted() {
   public async Task EnsurePluginIsExecutedEvenWithoutConfiguration() {
     var library = GetLibrary("rewriterPreventingVerification");
 
-    var options = DafnyOptions.Create(output);
+    var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(output);
     options.Plugins.Add(AssemblyPlugin.Load(library, new string[] { "ignored arguments" }));
 
     var programString = "function test(): int { 1 }";
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public async Task EnsurePluginIsExecutedEvenWithoutConfiguration() {
   public async Task EnsurePluginIsExecutedAndAllowsVerification() {
     var library = GetLibrary("rewriterAllowingVerification");
 
-    var options = DafnyOptions.Create(output);
+    var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(output);
     options.Plugins.Add(AssemblyPlugin.Load(library, new string[] { "ignored arguments" }));
 
     var programString = "function test(): int { 1 }";
diff --git a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/ProverLogStability.cs b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/ProverLogStability.cs
index f56369a0150..7931d8118e4 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/ProverLogStability.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/ProverLogStability.cs
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public ProverLogStabilityTest(ITestOutputHelper testOutputHelper) {
     /// </summary>
     [Fact]
     public async Task ProverLogRegression() {
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create(new WriterFromOutputHelper(testOutputHelper));
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(new WriterFromOutputHelper(testOutputHelper));
 
       var filePath = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "expectedProverLog.smt2");
       var expectation = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(filePath);
@@ -149,6 +149,7 @@ private async IAsyncEnumerable<string> GetProverLogsForProgramAsync(DafnyOptions
       foreach (var proverFile in Directory.GetFiles(directory)) {
         yield return await File.ReadAllTextAsync(proverFile);
       }
+      Directory.Delete(directory, true);
     }
 
     async Task<IReadOnlyList<BoogieProgram>> GetBoogie(DafnyOptions options, string dafnyProgramText) {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/Trivia.cs b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/Trivia.cs
index 735198cec5d..4845c831d19 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/Trivia.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/Trivia.cs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ enum Newlines { LF, CR, CRLF };
 
     [Fact]
     public async Task TriviaSplitWorksOnLinuxMacAndWindows() {
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create(output);
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(output);
       foreach (Newlines newLinesType in Enum.GetValues(typeof(Newlines))) {
         currentNewlines = newLinesType;
         var programString = @"
diff --git a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/expectedProverLog.smt2 b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/expectedProverLog.smt2
index cff4b0e4b68..60c0b99a3c7 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/expectedProverLog.smt2
+++ b/Source/DafnyPipeline.Test/expectedProverLog.smt2
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@
 )))
 (assert (forall (($generated@@35 T@U) ($generated@@36 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@33 $generated@@28 $generated@@35 $generated@@34 $generated@@36) ($generated@@33 $generated@@28 $generated@@35 $generated@@29 $generated@@36))
  :pattern ( ($generated@@33 $generated@@28 $generated@@35 $generated@@34 $generated@@36))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@33 $generated@@28 $generated@@35 $generated@@29 $generated@@36))
 )))
 (assert (= ($generated@@24 $generated@@37) 0))
 (assert (= ($generated@@38 $generated@@4 $generated@@7) $generated@@37))
@@ -136,6 +137,7 @@
 )))
 (assert (forall (($generated@@87 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@27 $generated@@28 $generated@@87 $generated@@34)  (and ($generated@@27 $generated@@28 $generated@@87 $generated@@29) (or (not (= $generated@@87 $generated@@30)) (not true))))
  :pattern ( ($generated@@27 $generated@@28 $generated@@87 $generated@@34))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@27 $generated@@28 $generated@@87 $generated@@29))
 )))
 (assert (forall (($generated@@88 T@U) ($generated@@89 T@U) ($generated@@90 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or (not (= $generated@@88 $generated@@90)) (not true)) (=> (and ($generated@@67 $generated@@88 $generated@@89) ($generated@@67 $generated@@89 $generated@@90)) ($generated@@67 $generated@@88 $generated@@90)))
  :pattern ( ($generated@@67 $generated@@88 $generated@@89) ($generated@@67 $generated@@89 $generated@@90))
@@ -347,9 +349,11 @@ $generated@@157)))
 )))
 (assert (forall (($generated@@47 T@U) ($generated@@48 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@34 $generated@@39 $generated@@47 $generated@@46 $generated@@48) ($generated@@34 $generated@@39 $generated@@47 $generated@@40 $generated@@48))
  :pattern ( ($generated@@34 $generated@@39 $generated@@47 $generated@@46 $generated@@48))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@34 $generated@@39 $generated@@47 $generated@@40 $generated@@48))
 )))
 (assert (forall (($generated@@50 T@U) ($generated@@51 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@34 $generated@@39 $generated@@50 $generated@@49 $generated@@51) ($generated@@34 $generated@@39 $generated@@50 $generated@@44 $generated@@51))
  :pattern ( ($generated@@34 $generated@@39 $generated@@50 $generated@@49 $generated@@51))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@34 $generated@@39 $generated@@50 $generated@@44 $generated@@51))
 )))
 (assert (= ($generated@@31 $generated@@52) 0))
 (assert (= ($generated@@53 $generated@@5 $generated@@13) $generated@@52))
@@ -399,9 +403,11 @@ $generated@@157)))
 )))
 (assert (forall (($generated@@103 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@38 $generated@@39 $generated@@103 $generated@@46)  (and ($generated@@38 $generated@@39 $generated@@103 $generated@@40) (or (not (= $generated@@103 $generated@@41)) (not true))))
  :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@39 $generated@@103 $generated@@46))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@39 $generated@@103 $generated@@40))
 )))
 (assert (forall (($generated@@104 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@38 $generated@@39 $generated@@104 $generated@@49)  (and ($generated@@38 $generated@@39 $generated@@104 $generated@@44) (or (not (= $generated@@104 $generated@@41)) (not true))))
  :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@39 $generated@@104 $generated@@49))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@39 $generated@@104 $generated@@44))
 )))
 (assert (forall (($generated@@105 T@U) ($generated@@106 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@94 $generated@@105) (and (or (not (= $generated@@106 $generated@@41)) (not true)) (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@106) $generated@@40))) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@56 $generated@@16 ($generated@@57 $generated@@58 $generated@@59 ($generated@@57 $generated@@39 ($generated@@60 $generated@@58 $generated@@59) $generated@@105 $generated@@106) $generated@@1)))) ($generated@@34 $generated@@39 ($generated@@56 $generated@@39 ($generated@@57 $generated@@58 $generated@@59 ($generated@@57 $generated@@39 ($generated@@60 $generated@@58 $generated@@59) $generated@@105 $generated@@106) $generated@@52)) $generated@@49 $generated@@105))
  :pattern ( ($generated@@56 $generated@@39 ($generated@@57 $generated@@58 $generated@@59 ($generated@@57 $generated@@39 ($generated@@60 $generated@@58 $generated@@59) $generated@@105 $generated@@106) $generated@@52)))
@@ -564,443 +570,462 @@ $generated@@192))))))
 (declare-fun $generated@@19 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@20 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@21 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@22 (T@T) Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@23 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@22 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@23 (T@T) Int)
 (declare-fun $generated@@24 () T@T)
 (declare-fun $generated@@25 () T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@26 (Bool) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@27 (T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@28 (Int) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@29 (T@U) Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@30 (Real) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@31 (T@U) Real)
-(declare-fun $generated@@38 (T@U) Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@39 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@26 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@27 (Bool) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@28 (T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@29 (Int) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@30 (T@U) Int)
+(declare-fun $generated@@31 (Real) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@32 (T@U) Real)
+(declare-fun $generated@@39 (T@U) Int)
 (declare-fun $generated@@40 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@41 (T@T T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@42 (T@T T@T) T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@43 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@41 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@42 (T@T T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@43 (T@T T@T) T@T)
 (declare-fun $generated@@44 () T@T)
 (declare-fun $generated@@45 () T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@46 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@47 (T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@48 (T@T T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@49 (T@T T@T T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@50 (T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@51 (T@T) T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@46 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@47 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@48 (T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@49 (T@T T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@50 (T@T T@T T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@51 (T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@52 (T@T) T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@98 (T@T T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@99 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@53 (T@T) T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@99 (T@T T@U T@U) Bool)
 (declare-fun $generated@@100 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@101 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@103 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@105 () T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@106 (T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@114 (T@T T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@115 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@118 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@121 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@122 (T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@123 (T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@124 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@125 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@126 (T@T T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@133 (T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@137 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@141 (Int) Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@143 (T@T T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@146 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@147 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@148 (T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@149 (T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@150 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@156 (T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@157 (T@U Int T@U) Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@158 (T@U Int T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@165 (T@T T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@168 (Int) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@172 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@175 (T@T T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@176 () T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@182 (T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@201 (T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@206 (T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@211 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@212 (T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@229 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@235 (Bool) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@238 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@263 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@283 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@286 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@101 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@102 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@104 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@106 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@107 (T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@115 (T@T T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@116 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@117 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@120 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@123 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@126 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@127 (T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@128 (T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@129 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@130 (T@T T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@137 (T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@141 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@145 (Int) Int)
+(declare-fun $generated@@147 (T@T T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@150 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@151 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@152 (T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@153 (T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@154 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@160 (T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@161 (T@U Int T@U) Int)
+(declare-fun $generated@@162 (T@U Int T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@169 (T@T T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@172 (Int) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@176 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@179 (T@T T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@180 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@186 (T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@205 (T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@210 (T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@215 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@216 (T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@235 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@241 (Bool) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@244 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@269 (T@U) T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@289 (T@U) T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@292 (T@U) T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@295 (T@U) T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@298 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@302 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@317 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@330 () Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@335 (T@U T@U T@U Bool) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@342 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@413 (T@U) T@U)
-(assert  (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (= ($generated@@22 $generated@@23) 0) (= ($generated@@22 $generated@@24) 1)) (= ($generated@@22 $generated@@25) 2)) (forall (($generated@@32 Bool) ) (! (= ($generated@@27 ($generated@@26 $generated@@32)) $generated@@32)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@26 $generated@@32))
-))) (forall (($generated@@33 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@26 ($generated@@27 $generated@@33)) $generated@@33)
+(declare-fun $generated@@301 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@304 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@308 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@323 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@336 () Int)
+(declare-fun $generated@@341 (T@U T@U T@U Bool) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@348 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@419 (T@U) T@U)
+(assert  (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (= ($generated@@23 $generated@@24) 0) (= ($generated@@23 $generated@@25) 1)) (= ($generated@@23 $generated@@26) 2)) (forall (($generated@@33 Bool) ) (! (= ($generated@@28 ($generated@@27 $generated@@33)) $generated@@33)
  :pattern ( ($generated@@27 $generated@@33))
-))) (forall (($generated@@34 Int) ) (! (= ($generated@@29 ($generated@@28 $generated@@34)) $generated@@34)
+))) (forall (($generated@@34 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@27 ($generated@@28 $generated@@34)) $generated@@34)
  :pattern ( ($generated@@28 $generated@@34))
-))) (forall (($generated@@35 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@28 ($generated@@29 $generated@@35)) $generated@@35)
+))) (forall (($generated@@35 Int) ) (! (= ($generated@@30 ($generated@@29 $generated@@35)) $generated@@35)
  :pattern ( ($generated@@29 $generated@@35))
-))) (forall (($generated@@36 Real) ) (! (= ($generated@@31 ($generated@@30 $generated@@36)) $generated@@36)
+))) (forall (($generated@@36 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@29 ($generated@@30 $generated@@36)) $generated@@36)
  :pattern ( ($generated@@30 $generated@@36))
-))) (forall (($generated@@37 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@30 ($generated@@31 $generated@@37)) $generated@@37)
+))) (forall (($generated@@37 Real) ) (! (= ($generated@@32 ($generated@@31 $generated@@37)) $generated@@37)
  :pattern ( ($generated@@31 $generated@@37))
+))) (forall (($generated@@38 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@31 ($generated@@32 $generated@@38)) $generated@@38)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@32 $generated@@38))
 ))))
-(assert (distinct $generated $generated@@0 $generated@@1 $generated@@2 $generated@@3 $generated@@4 $generated@@5 $generated@@6 $generated@@7 $generated@@8 $generated@@9 $generated@@10 $generated@@11 $generated@@12 $generated@@13 $generated@@14 $generated@@15 $generated@@16 $generated@@17 $generated@@18 $generated@@19 $generated@@20 $generated@@21)
+(assert (distinct $generated $generated@@0 $generated@@1 $generated@@2 $generated@@3 $generated@@4 $generated@@5 $generated@@6 $generated@@7 $generated@@8 $generated@@9 $generated@@10 $generated@@11 $generated@@12 $generated@@13 $generated@@14 $generated@@15 $generated@@16 $generated@@17 $generated@@18 $generated@@19 $generated@@20 $generated@@21 $generated@@22)
 )
-(assert (= ($generated@@38 $generated@@2) 0))
-(assert (= ($generated@@39 $generated) $generated@@0))
-(assert (= ($generated@@40 $generated@@2) $generated@@3))
-(assert  (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (forall (($generated@@53 T@T) ($generated@@54 T@T) ($generated@@55 T@T) ($generated@@56 T@U) ($generated@@57 T@U) ($generated@@58 T@U) ($generated@@59 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@53 $generated@@54 $generated@@55 ($generated@@48 $generated@@53 $generated@@54 $generated@@55 $generated@@57 $generated@@58 $generated@@59 $generated@@56) $generated@@58 $generated@@59) $generated@@56)
+(assert (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@2) 0))
+(assert (= ($generated@@40 $generated) $generated@@0))
+(assert (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@2) $generated@@3))
+(assert  (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (forall (($generated@@54 T@T) ($generated@@55 T@T) ($generated@@56 T@T) ($generated@@57 T@U) ($generated@@58 T@U) ($generated@@59 T@U) ($generated@@60 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@54 $generated@@55 $generated@@56 ($generated@@49 $generated@@54 $generated@@55 $generated@@56 $generated@@58 $generated@@59 $generated@@60 $generated@@57) $generated@@59 $generated@@60) $generated@@57)
  :weight 0
-)) (and (forall (($generated@@60 T@T) ($generated@@61 T@T) ($generated@@62 T@T) ($generated@@63 T@U) ($generated@@64 T@U) ($generated@@65 T@U) ($generated@@66 T@U) ($generated@@67 T@U) ($generated@@68 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@65 $generated@@67) (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@60 $generated@@61 $generated@@62 ($generated@@48 $generated@@60 $generated@@61 $generated@@62 $generated@@64 $generated@@65 $generated@@66 $generated@@63) $generated@@67 $generated@@68) ($generated@@41 $generated@@60 $generated@@61 $generated@@62 $generated@@64 $generated@@67 $generated@@68)))
+)) (and (forall (($generated@@61 T@T) ($generated@@62 T@T) ($generated@@63 T@T) ($generated@@64 T@U) ($generated@@65 T@U) ($generated@@66 T@U) ($generated@@67 T@U) ($generated@@68 T@U) ($generated@@69 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@66 $generated@@68) (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@61 $generated@@62 $generated@@63 ($generated@@49 $generated@@61 $generated@@62 $generated@@63 $generated@@65 $generated@@66 $generated@@67 $generated@@64) $generated@@68 $generated@@69) ($generated@@42 $generated@@61 $generated@@62 $generated@@63 $generated@@65 $generated@@68 $generated@@69)))
  :weight 0
-)) (forall (($generated@@69 T@T) ($generated@@70 T@T) ($generated@@71 T@T) ($generated@@72 T@U) ($generated@@73 T@U) ($generated@@74 T@U) ($generated@@75 T@U) ($generated@@76 T@U) ($generated@@77 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@75 $generated@@77) (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 $generated@@71 ($generated@@48 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 $generated@@71 $generated@@73 $generated@@74 $generated@@75 $generated@@72) $generated@@76 $generated@@77) ($generated@@41 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 $generated@@71 $generated@@73 $generated@@76 $generated@@77)))
+)) (forall (($generated@@70 T@T) ($generated@@71 T@T) ($generated@@72 T@T) ($generated@@73 T@U) ($generated@@74 T@U) ($generated@@75 T@U) ($generated@@76 T@U) ($generated@@77 T@U) ($generated@@78 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@76 $generated@@78) (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@70 $generated@@71 $generated@@72 ($generated@@49 $generated@@70 $generated@@71 $generated@@72 $generated@@74 $generated@@75 $generated@@76 $generated@@73) $generated@@77 $generated@@78) ($generated@@42 $generated@@70 $generated@@71 $generated@@72 $generated@@74 $generated@@77 $generated@@78)))
  :weight 0
-)))) (forall (($generated@@78 T@T) ($generated@@79 T@T) ($generated@@80 T@U) ($generated@@81 T@U) ($generated@@82 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@78 $generated@@79 ($generated@@50 $generated@@78 $generated@@79 $generated@@81 $generated@@82 $generated@@80) $generated@@82) $generated@@80)
+)))) (forall (($generated@@79 T@T) ($generated@@80 T@T) ($generated@@81 T@U) ($generated@@82 T@U) ($generated@@83 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@79 $generated@@80 ($generated@@51 $generated@@79 $generated@@80 $generated@@82 $generated@@83 $generated@@81) $generated@@83) $generated@@81)
  :weight 0
-))) (forall (($generated@@83 T@T) ($generated@@84 T@T) ($generated@@85 T@U) ($generated@@86 T@U) ($generated@@87 T@U) ($generated@@88 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@87 $generated@@88) (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@83 $generated@@84 ($generated@@50 $generated@@83 $generated@@84 $generated@@86 $generated@@87 $generated@@85) $generated@@88) ($generated@@49 $generated@@83 $generated@@84 $generated@@86 $generated@@88)))
+))) (forall (($generated@@84 T@T) ($generated@@85 T@T) ($generated@@86 T@U) ($generated@@87 T@U) ($generated@@88 T@U) ($generated@@89 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@88 $generated@@89) (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@84 $generated@@85 ($generated@@51 $generated@@84 $generated@@85 $generated@@87 $generated@@88 $generated@@86) $generated@@89) ($generated@@50 $generated@@84 $generated@@85 $generated@@87 $generated@@89)))
  :weight 0
-))) (forall (($generated@@89 T@T) ($generated@@90 T@T) ) (= ($generated@@22 ($generated@@42 $generated@@89 $generated@@90)) 3))) (forall (($generated@@91 T@T) ($generated@@92 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@51 ($generated@@42 $generated@@91 $generated@@92)) $generated@@91)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@91 $generated@@92))
-))) (forall (($generated@@93 T@T) ($generated@@94 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@52 ($generated@@42 $generated@@93 $generated@@94)) $generated@@94)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@93 $generated@@94))
-))) (= ($generated@@22 $generated@@43) 4)) (= ($generated@@22 $generated@@44) 5)) (= ($generated@@22 $generated@@45) 6)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@95 T@U) ($generated@@96 T@U) ($generated@@97 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@27 ($generated@@41 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45)) $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@46 $generated@@95) $generated@@96 $generated@@97)) ($generated@@47 $generated@@97 $generated@@95))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45)) $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@46 $generated@@95) $generated@@96 $generated@@97))
-)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@102 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@102 $generated@@99)  (or (= $generated@@102 $generated@@100) (= ($generated@@101 $generated@@102) $generated@@99)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@102 $generated@@99))
-)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@104 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@104 $generated@@103)  (or (= $generated@@104 $generated@@100) (= ($generated@@101 $generated@@104) $generated@@103)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@104 $generated@@103))
-)))
-(assert (= ($generated@@22 $generated@@105) 7))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@107 T@U) ($generated@@108 T@U) ($generated@@109 T@U) ($generated@@110 T@U) ($generated@@111 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@107 ($generated@@106 $generated@@108 $generated@@109)) (forall (($generated@@112 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@112 $generated@@110) ($generated@@47 $generated@@112 $generated@@108))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@112 $generated@@110))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@112 $generated@@108))
-))) (forall (($generated@@113 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@113 $generated@@109) ($generated@@47 $generated@@113 $generated@@111))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@113 $generated@@109))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@113 $generated@@111))
-))) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@107 ($generated@@106 $generated@@110 $generated@@111)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@107 ($generated@@106 $generated@@108 $generated@@109)) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@107 ($generated@@106 $generated@@110 $generated@@111)))
-)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@116 T@U) ($generated@@117 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@116 $generated@@115 $generated@@117) ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@116 $generated@@99 $generated@@117))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@116 $generated@@115 $generated@@117))
-)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@119 T@U) ($generated@@120 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@119 $generated@@118 $generated@@120) ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@119 $generated@@103 $generated@@120))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@119 $generated@@118 $generated@@120))
-)))
-(assert (= ($generated@@38 $generated@@121) 0))
-(assert (= ($generated@@122 $generated@@9 $generated@@20) $generated@@121))
-(assert  (not ($generated@@123 $generated@@121)))
-(assert (= ($generated@@38 $generated@@124) 0))
-(assert (= ($generated@@122 $generated@@12 $generated@@21) $generated@@124))
-(assert  (not ($generated@@123 $generated@@124)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@127 T@U) ($generated@@128 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@127 $generated@@125 $generated@@128)  (or (= $generated@@127 $generated@@100) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@128 $generated@@127) $generated@@2)))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@127 $generated@@125 $generated@@128))
-)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@129 T@U) ($generated@@130 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@129 $generated@@99 $generated@@130)  (or (= $generated@@129 $generated@@100) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@130 $generated@@129) $generated@@2)))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@129 $generated@@99 $generated@@130))
-)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@131 T@U) ($generated@@132 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@131 $generated@@103 $generated@@132)  (or (= $generated@@131 $generated@@100) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@132 $generated@@131) $generated@@2)))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@131 $generated@@103 $generated@@132))
-)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@134 T@U) ($generated@@135 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@133 $generated@@134 $generated@@135) (forall (($generated@@136 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@134 $generated@@136) $generated@@2))) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@135 $generated@@136) $generated@@2))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@135 $generated@@136) $generated@@2))
+))) (forall (($generated@@90 T@T) ($generated@@91 T@T) ) (= ($generated@@23 ($generated@@43 $generated@@90 $generated@@91)) 3))) (forall (($generated@@92 T@T) ($generated@@93 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@52 ($generated@@43 $generated@@92 $generated@@93)) $generated@@92)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@43 $generated@@92 $generated@@93))
+))) (forall (($generated@@94 T@T) ($generated@@95 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@53 ($generated@@43 $generated@@94 $generated@@95)) $generated@@95)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@43 $generated@@94 $generated@@95))
+))) (= ($generated@@23 $generated@@44) 4)) (= ($generated@@23 $generated@@45) 5)) (= ($generated@@23 $generated@@46) 6)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@96 T@U) ($generated@@97 T@U) ($generated@@98 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@28 ($generated@@42 ($generated@@43 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46)) $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96) $generated@@97 $generated@@98)) ($generated@@48 $generated@@98 $generated@@96))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 ($generated@@43 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46)) $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96) $generated@@97 $generated@@98))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@134 $generated@@135))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@103 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@103 $generated@@100)  (or (= $generated@@103 $generated@@101) (= ($generated@@102 $generated@@103) $generated@@100)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@103 $generated@@100))
+)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@105 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@105 $generated@@104)  (or (= $generated@@105 $generated@@101) (= ($generated@@102 $generated@@105) $generated@@104)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@105 $generated@@104))
+)))
+(assert (= ($generated@@23 $generated@@106) 7))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@108 T@U) ($generated@@109 T@U) ($generated@@110 T@U) ($generated@@111 T@U) ($generated@@112 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@108 ($generated@@107 $generated@@109 $generated@@110)) (forall (($generated@@113 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@113 $generated@@111) ($generated@@48 $generated@@113 $generated@@109))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@113 $generated@@111))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@113 $generated@@109))
+))) (forall (($generated@@114 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@114 $generated@@110) ($generated@@48 $generated@@114 $generated@@112))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@114 $generated@@110))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@114 $generated@@112))
+))) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@108 ($generated@@107 $generated@@111 $generated@@112)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@108 ($generated@@107 $generated@@109 $generated@@110)) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@108 ($generated@@107 $generated@@111 $generated@@112)))
+)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@118 T@U) ($generated@@119 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@118 $generated@@116 $generated@@119) ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@118 $generated@@117 $generated@@119))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@118 $generated@@116 $generated@@119))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@118 $generated@@117 $generated@@119))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@138 T@U) ($generated@@139 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@98 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) $generated@@138 ($generated@@137 $generated@@139)) (forall (($generated@@140 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@138 $generated@@140)) ($generated@@47 $generated@@140 $generated@@139))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@138 $generated@@140))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@121 T@U) ($generated@@122 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@121 $generated@@120 $generated@@122) ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@121 $generated@@100 $generated@@122))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@121 $generated@@120 $generated@@122))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@121 $generated@@100 $generated@@122))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) $generated@@138 ($generated@@137 $generated@@139)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@124 T@U) ($generated@@125 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@124 $generated@@123 $generated@@125) ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@124 $generated@@104 $generated@@125))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@124 $generated@@123 $generated@@125))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@124 $generated@@104 $generated@@125))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@142 Int) ) (! (= ($generated@@141 $generated@@142) $generated@@142)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@141 $generated@@142))
+(assert (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@126) 0))
+(assert (= ($generated@@127 $generated@@10 $generated@@21) $generated@@126))
+(assert  (not ($generated@@128 $generated@@126)))
+(assert (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@129) 0))
+(assert (= ($generated@@127 $generated@@13 $generated@@22) $generated@@129))
+(assert  (not ($generated@@128 $generated@@129)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@131 T@U) ($generated@@132 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@131 $generated@@117 $generated@@132)  (or (= $generated@@131 $generated@@101) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@132 $generated@@131) $generated@@2)))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@131 $generated@@117 $generated@@132))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@144 T@U) ($generated@@145 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@143 $generated@@145 $generated@@144) $generated@@144)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@143 $generated@@145 $generated@@144))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@133 T@U) ($generated@@134 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@133 $generated@@100 $generated@@134)  (or (= $generated@@133 $generated@@101) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@134 $generated@@133) $generated@@2)))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@133 $generated@@100 $generated@@134))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@151 T@U) ($generated@@152 T@U) ($generated@@153 T@U) ($generated@@154 T@U) ($generated@@155 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@153) (and ($generated@@47 $generated@@155 $generated@@151) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@154 ($generated@@106 $generated@@151 $generated@@152)))) (= ($generated@@149 ($generated@@146 $generated@@151 $generated@@152 $generated@@147 $generated@@154 $generated@@155) $generated@@150) ($generated@@149 ($generated@@146 $generated@@151 $generated@@152 $generated@@153 $generated@@154 $generated@@155) $generated@@150)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@146 $generated@@151 $generated@@152 $generated@@147 $generated@@154 $generated@@155) ($generated@@148 $generated@@153))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@146 $generated@@151 $generated@@152 $generated@@153 $generated@@154 $generated@@155))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@135 T@U) ($generated@@136 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@135 $generated@@104 $generated@@136)  (or (= $generated@@135 $generated@@101) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@136 $generated@@135) $generated@@2)))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@135 $generated@@104 $generated@@136))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@159 T@U) ($generated@@160 T@U) ($generated@@161 Int) ($generated@@162 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@159) ($generated@@148 $generated@@160)) (or ($generated@@158 $generated@@159 $generated@@161 $generated@@162) ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@162 $generated@@115))) (and ($generated@@156 $generated@@159) ($generated@@133 $generated@@159 $generated@@160))) (=> (forall (($generated@@163 T@U) ($generated@@164 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@163 $generated@@100)) (not true)) (or (= $generated@@163 $generated@@162) (= $generated@@163 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@159 $generated@@162) $generated@@121))))) (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@159 $generated@@163) $generated@@164) ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@160 $generated@@163) $generated@@164)))) (= ($generated@@157 $generated@@159 $generated@@161 $generated@@162) ($generated@@157 $generated@@160 $generated@@161 $generated@@162))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@156 $generated@@159) ($generated@@133 $generated@@159 $generated@@160) ($generated@@157 $generated@@160 $generated@@161 $generated@@162))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@138 T@U) ($generated@@139 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@137 $generated@@138 $generated@@139) (forall (($generated@@140 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@138 $generated@@140) $generated@@2))) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@139 $generated@@140) $generated@@2))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@139 $generated@@140) $generated@@2))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@166 T@U) ($generated@@167 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@167 ($generated@@126 $generated@@167 $generated@@166)) $generated@@166)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@126 $generated@@167 $generated@@166))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@138 $generated@@139))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@169 Int) ($generated@@170 T@U) ($generated@@171 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@41 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45)) $generated@@45 $generated@@45 ($generated@@168 $generated@@169) $generated@@170 $generated@@171) ($generated@@165 $generated@@24 ($generated@@28 (+ ($generated@@29 ($generated@@126 $generated@@24 $generated@@171)) $generated@@169))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45)) $generated@@45 $generated@@45 ($generated@@168 $generated@@169) $generated@@170 $generated@@171))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@142 T@U) ($generated@@143 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@99 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) $generated@@142 ($generated@@141 $generated@@143)) (forall (($generated@@144 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@142 $generated@@144)) ($generated@@48 $generated@@144 $generated@@143))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@142 $generated@@144))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@173 T@U) ($generated@@174 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@172 $generated@@173) $generated@@174)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 $generated@@23 $generated@@173 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@174))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@172 $generated@@173) $generated@@174))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) $generated@@142 ($generated@@141 $generated@@143)))
 )))
-(assert (= ($generated@@22 $generated@@176) 8))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@177 T@U) ($generated@@178 T@U) ($generated@@179 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@175 $generated@@179 $generated@@177 $generated@@178) ($generated@@49 $generated@@176 $generated@@179 $generated@@177 $generated@@178))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@175 $generated@@179 $generated@@177 $generated@@178))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@146 Int) ) (! (= ($generated@@145 $generated@@146) $generated@@146)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@145 $generated@@146))
 )))
-(assert ($generated@@123 $generated@@2))
-(assert ($generated@@148 $generated@@147))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@180 T@U) ($generated@@181 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@180) (and (or (not (= $generated@@181 $generated@@100)) (not true)) (= ($generated@@101 $generated@@181) $generated@@103))) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@180 $generated@@181) $generated@@2)))) ($generated@@114 $generated@@24 ($generated@@126 $generated@@24 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@180 $generated@@181) $generated@@124)) $generated $generated@@180))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@126 $generated@@24 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@180 $generated@@181) $generated@@124)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@148 T@U) ($generated@@149 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@147 $generated@@149 $generated@@148) $generated@@148)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@147 $generated@@149 $generated@@148))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@183 T@U) ($generated@@184 T@U) ($generated@@185 T@U) ($generated@@186 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@182 ($generated@@165 $generated@@186 $generated@@183) $generated@@184 $generated@@185) ($generated@@114 $generated@@186 $generated@@183 $generated@@184 $generated@@185))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@182 ($generated@@165 $generated@@186 $generated@@183) $generated@@184 $generated@@185))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@155 T@U) ($generated@@156 T@U) ($generated@@157 T@U) ($generated@@158 T@U) ($generated@@159 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@157) (and ($generated@@48 $generated@@159 $generated@@155) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@158 ($generated@@107 $generated@@155 $generated@@156)))) (= ($generated@@153 ($generated@@150 $generated@@155 $generated@@156 $generated@@151 $generated@@158 $generated@@159) $generated@@154) ($generated@@153 ($generated@@150 $generated@@155 $generated@@156 $generated@@157 $generated@@158 $generated@@159) $generated@@154)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@150 $generated@@155 $generated@@156 $generated@@151 $generated@@158 $generated@@159) ($generated@@152 $generated@@157))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@150 $generated@@155 $generated@@156 $generated@@157 $generated@@158 $generated@@159))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@187 T@U) ($generated@@188 T@U) ($generated@@189 T@U) ($generated@@190 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@133 $generated@@187 $generated@@188) (=> ($generated@@182 $generated@@189 $generated@@190 $generated@@187) ($generated@@182 $generated@@189 $generated@@190 $generated@@188)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@187 $generated@@188) ($generated@@182 $generated@@189 $generated@@190 $generated@@187))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@163 T@U) ($generated@@164 T@U) ($generated@@165 Int) ($generated@@166 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@163) ($generated@@152 $generated@@164)) (or ($generated@@162 $generated@@163 $generated@@165 $generated@@166) ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@166 $generated@@120))) (and ($generated@@160 $generated@@163) ($generated@@137 $generated@@163 $generated@@164))) (=> (forall (($generated@@167 T@U) ($generated@@168 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@167 $generated@@101)) (not true)) (or (= $generated@@167 $generated@@166) (= $generated@@167 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@163 $generated@@166) $generated@@126))))) (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@163 $generated@@167) $generated@@168) ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@164 $generated@@167) $generated@@168)))) (= ($generated@@161 $generated@@163 $generated@@165 $generated@@166) ($generated@@161 $generated@@164 $generated@@165 $generated@@166))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@160 $generated@@163) ($generated@@137 $generated@@163 $generated@@164) ($generated@@161 $generated@@164 $generated@@165 $generated@@166))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@191 T@U) ($generated@@192 T@U) ($generated@@193 T@U) ($generated@@194 T@U) ($generated@@195 T@T) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@133 $generated@@191 $generated@@192) (=> ($generated@@114 $generated@@195 $generated@@193 $generated@@194 $generated@@191) ($generated@@114 $generated@@195 $generated@@193 $generated@@194 $generated@@192)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@191 $generated@@192) ($generated@@114 $generated@@195 $generated@@193 $generated@@194 $generated@@191))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@170 T@U) ($generated@@171 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@171 ($generated@@130 $generated@@171 $generated@@170)) $generated@@170)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@130 $generated@@171 $generated@@170))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@196 T@U) ($generated@@197 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@149 $generated@@196 $generated@@197) (forall (($generated@@198 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@196 $generated@@198)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@197 $generated@@198)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@196 $generated@@198))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@197 $generated@@198))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@173 Int) ($generated@@174 T@U) ($generated@@175 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@42 ($generated@@43 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46)) $generated@@46 $generated@@46 ($generated@@172 $generated@@173) $generated@@174 $generated@@175) ($generated@@169 $generated@@25 ($generated@@29 (+ ($generated@@30 ($generated@@130 $generated@@25 $generated@@175)) $generated@@173))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 ($generated@@43 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46)) $generated@@46 $generated@@46 ($generated@@172 $generated@@173) $generated@@174 $generated@@175))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@149 $generated@@196 $generated@@197))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@177 T@U) ($generated@@178 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@176 $generated@@177) $generated@@178)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 $generated@@24 $generated@@177 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@178))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@176 $generated@@177) $generated@@178))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@199 T@U) ($generated@@200 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@199) (and (or (not (= $generated@@200 $generated@@100)) (not true)) (= ($generated@@101 $generated@@200) $generated@@99))) ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@199 $generated@@200) $generated@@121)) $generated@@118))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@199 $generated@@200) $generated@@121)))
+(assert (= ($generated@@23 $generated@@180) 8))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@181 T@U) ($generated@@182 T@U) ($generated@@183 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@179 $generated@@183 $generated@@181 $generated@@182) ($generated@@50 $generated@@180 $generated@@183 $generated@@181 $generated@@182))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@179 $generated@@183 $generated@@181 $generated@@182))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@202 T@U) ($generated@@203 T@U) ($generated@@204 T@U) ($generated@@205 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@204 ($generated@@201 $generated@@202 $generated@@203) $generated@@205) ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@204 ($generated@@106 $generated@@202 $generated@@203) $generated@@205))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@204 ($generated@@201 $generated@@202 $generated@@203) $generated@@205))
+(assert ($generated@@128 $generated@@2))
+(assert ($generated@@152 $generated@@151))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@184 T@U) ($generated@@185 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@184) (and (or (not (= $generated@@185 $generated@@101)) (not true)) (= ($generated@@102 $generated@@185) $generated@@104))) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@184 $generated@@185) $generated@@2)))) ($generated@@115 $generated@@25 ($generated@@130 $generated@@25 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@184 $generated@@185) $generated@@129)) $generated $generated@@184))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@130 $generated@@25 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@184 $generated@@185) $generated@@129)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@207 T@U) ($generated@@208 T@U) ($generated@@209 T@U) ($generated@@210 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@209 ($generated@@206 $generated@@207 $generated@@208) $generated@@210) ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@209 ($generated@@201 $generated@@207 $generated@@208) $generated@@210))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@209 ($generated@@206 $generated@@207 $generated@@208) $generated@@210))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@187 T@U) ($generated@@188 T@U) ($generated@@189 T@U) ($generated@@190 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@186 ($generated@@169 $generated@@190 $generated@@187) $generated@@188 $generated@@189) ($generated@@115 $generated@@190 $generated@@187 $generated@@188 $generated@@189))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@186 ($generated@@169 $generated@@190 $generated@@187) $generated@@188 $generated@@189))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@213 T@U) ($generated@@214 T@U) ($generated@@215 T@U) ($generated@@216 T@U) ($generated@@217 T@U) ($generated@@218 T@U) ($generated@@219 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@211 $generated@@213 $generated@@214 $generated@@215 ($generated@@212 $generated@@216 $generated@@217 $generated@@218) $generated@@219) ($generated@@41 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45)) $generated@@45 $generated@@45 $generated@@216 $generated@@215 $generated@@219))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@211 $generated@@213 $generated@@214 $generated@@215 ($generated@@212 $generated@@216 $generated@@217 $generated@@218) $generated@@219))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@191 T@U) ($generated@@192 T@U) ($generated@@193 T@U) ($generated@@194 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@137 $generated@@191 $generated@@192) (=> ($generated@@186 $generated@@193 $generated@@194 $generated@@191) ($generated@@186 $generated@@193 $generated@@194 $generated@@192)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@191 $generated@@192) ($generated@@186 $generated@@193 $generated@@194 $generated@@191))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@220 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@220 $generated@@125) (and (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@220)) $generated@@220) ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@220) $generated@@125)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@220 $generated@@125))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@195 T@U) ($generated@@196 T@U) ($generated@@197 T@U) ($generated@@198 T@U) ($generated@@199 T@T) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@137 $generated@@195 $generated@@196) (=> ($generated@@115 $generated@@199 $generated@@197 $generated@@198 $generated@@195) ($generated@@115 $generated@@199 $generated@@197 $generated@@198 $generated@@196)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@195 $generated@@196) ($generated@@115 $generated@@199 $generated@@197 $generated@@198 $generated@@195))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@221 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@221 $generated@@115) (and (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@221)) $generated@@221) ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@221) $generated@@115)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@221 $generated@@115))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@200 T@U) ($generated@@201 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@153 $generated@@200 $generated@@201) (forall (($generated@@202 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@200 $generated@@202)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@201 $generated@@202)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@200 $generated@@202))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@201 $generated@@202))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@222 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@222 $generated@@99) (and (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@222)) $generated@@222) ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@222) $generated@@99)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@222 $generated@@99))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@153 $generated@@200 $generated@@201))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@223 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@223 $generated@@118) (and (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@223)) $generated@@223) ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@223) $generated@@118)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@223 $generated@@118))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@203 T@U) ($generated@@204 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@203) (and (or (not (= $generated@@204 $generated@@101)) (not true)) (= ($generated@@102 $generated@@204) $generated@@100))) ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@203 $generated@@204) $generated@@126)) $generated@@123))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@203 $generated@@204) $generated@@126)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@224 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@224 $generated@@103) (and (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@224)) $generated@@224) ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 $generated@@224) $generated@@103)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@224 $generated@@103))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@206 T@U) ($generated@@207 T@U) ($generated@@208 T@U) ($generated@@209 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@208 ($generated@@205 $generated@@206 $generated@@207) $generated@@209) ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@208 ($generated@@107 $generated@@206 $generated@@207) $generated@@209))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@208 ($generated@@205 $generated@@206 $generated@@207) $generated@@209))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@225 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@225 $generated@@115)  (and ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@225 $generated@@99) (or (not (= $generated@@225 $generated@@100)) (not true))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@225 $generated@@115))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@211 T@U) ($generated@@212 T@U) ($generated@@213 T@U) ($generated@@214 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@213 ($generated@@210 $generated@@211 $generated@@212) $generated@@214) ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@213 ($generated@@205 $generated@@211 $generated@@212) $generated@@214))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@213 ($generated@@210 $generated@@211 $generated@@212) $generated@@214))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@226 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@226 $generated@@118)  (and ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@226 $generated@@103) (or (not (= $generated@@226 $generated@@100)) (not true))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@226 $generated@@118))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@217 T@U) ($generated@@218 T@U) ($generated@@219 T@U) ($generated@@220 T@U) ($generated@@221 T@U) ($generated@@222 T@U) ($generated@@223 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@215 $generated@@217 $generated@@218 $generated@@219 ($generated@@216 $generated@@220 $generated@@221 $generated@@222) $generated@@223) ($generated@@42 ($generated@@43 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46)) $generated@@46 $generated@@46 $generated@@220 $generated@@219 $generated@@223))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@215 $generated@@217 $generated@@218 $generated@@219 ($generated@@216 $generated@@220 $generated@@221 $generated@@222) $generated@@223))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@227 T@U) ($generated@@228 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@227) (and (or (not (= $generated@@228 $generated@@100)) (not true)) (= ($generated@@101 $generated@@228) $generated@@99))) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@227 $generated@@228) $generated@@2)))) ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@227 $generated@@228) $generated@@121)) $generated@@118 $generated@@227))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@227 $generated@@228) $generated@@121)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@224 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@224 $generated@@117) (and (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@224)) $generated@@224) ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@224) $generated@@117)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@224 $generated@@117))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@230 T@U) ($generated@@231 T@U) ($generated@@232 T@U) ($generated@@233 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@233) ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@230 ($generated@@106 $generated@@231 $generated@@232) $generated@@233)) (forall (($generated@@234 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@182 $generated@@234 $generated@@231 $generated@@233) ($generated@@229 $generated@@231 $generated@@232 $generated@@233 $generated@@230 $generated@@234)) ($generated@@182 ($generated@@211 $generated@@231 $generated@@232 $generated@@233 $generated@@230 $generated@@234) $generated@@232 $generated@@233))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@211 $generated@@231 $generated@@232 $generated@@233 $generated@@230 $generated@@234))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@225 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@225 $generated@@116) (and (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@225)) $generated@@225) ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@225) $generated@@116)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@225 $generated@@116))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@230 ($generated@@106 $generated@@231 $generated@@232) $generated@@233))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@226 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@226 $generated@@120) (and (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@226)) $generated@@226) ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@226) $generated@@120)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@226 $generated@@120))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@236 Bool) ($generated@@237 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 $generated@@23 ($generated@@235 $generated@@236) $generated@@237)) $generated@@236)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 $generated@@23 ($generated@@235 $generated@@236) $generated@@237))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@227 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@227 $generated@@100) (and (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@227)) $generated@@227) ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@227) $generated@@100)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@227 $generated@@100))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@239 T@U) ($generated@@240 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@176 $generated@@105 ($generated@@238 $generated@@239) $generated@@240) $generated@@239)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@176 $generated@@105 ($generated@@238 $generated@@239) $generated@@240))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@228 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@228 $generated@@123) (and (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@228)) $generated@@228) ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@228) $generated@@123)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@228 $generated@@123))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@241 T@U) ($generated@@242 T@U) ($generated@@243 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@114 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) $generated@@241 ($generated@@137 $generated@@242) $generated@@243) (forall (($generated@@244 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@241 $generated@@244)) ($generated@@182 $generated@@244 $generated@@242 $generated@@243))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@241 $generated@@244))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@229 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@229 $generated@@104) (and (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@229)) $generated@@229) ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 $generated@@229) $generated@@104)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@229 $generated@@104))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) $generated@@241 ($generated@@137 $generated@@242) $generated@@243))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@230 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@230 $generated@@116)  (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@230 $generated@@117) (or (not (= $generated@@230 $generated@@101)) (not true))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@230 $generated@@116))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@230 $generated@@117))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@245 T@U) ($generated@@246 T@U) ($generated@@247 T@U) ($generated@@248 T@U) ($generated@@249 T@U) ($generated@@250 T@U) ($generated@@251 T@U) ($generated@@252 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@146 $generated@@245 $generated@@246 $generated@@247 ($generated@@212 $generated@@248 $generated@@249 $generated@@250) $generated@@251) $generated@@252)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@41 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45)) $generated@@45 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) $generated@@250 $generated@@247 $generated@@251) $generated@@252)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@146 $generated@@245 $generated@@246 $generated@@247 ($generated@@212 $generated@@248 $generated@@249 $generated@@250) $generated@@251) $generated@@252))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@231 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@231 $generated@@120)  (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@231 $generated@@100) (or (not (= $generated@@231 $generated@@101)) (not true))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@231 $generated@@120))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@231 $generated@@100))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@253 T@U) ($generated@@254 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@149 $generated@@253 $generated@@254) (= $generated@@253 $generated@@254))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@149 $generated@@253 $generated@@254))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@232 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@232 $generated@@123)  (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@232 $generated@@104) (or (not (= $generated@@232 $generated@@101)) (not true))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@232 $generated@@123))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@232 $generated@@104))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@255 T@U) ($generated@@256 T@U) ($generated@@257 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or (not (= $generated@@255 $generated@@257)) (not true)) (=> (and ($generated@@133 $generated@@255 $generated@@256) ($generated@@133 $generated@@256 $generated@@257)) ($generated@@133 $generated@@255 $generated@@257)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@255 $generated@@256) ($generated@@133 $generated@@256 $generated@@257))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@233 T@U) ($generated@@234 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@233) (and (or (not (= $generated@@234 $generated@@101)) (not true)) (= ($generated@@102 $generated@@234) $generated@@100))) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@233 $generated@@234) $generated@@2)))) ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@233 $generated@@234) $generated@@126)) $generated@@123 $generated@@233))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@233 $generated@@234) $generated@@126)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@258 T@U) ($generated@@259 T@U) ($generated@@260 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@258 ($generated@@106 $generated@@259 $generated@@260)) (forall (($generated@@261 T@U) ($generated@@262 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@261) ($generated@@47 $generated@@262 $generated@@259)) ($generated@@229 $generated@@259 $generated@@260 $generated@@261 $generated@@258 $generated@@262)) ($generated@@47 ($generated@@211 $generated@@259 $generated@@260 $generated@@261 $generated@@258 $generated@@262) $generated@@260))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@211 $generated@@259 $generated@@260 $generated@@261 $generated@@258 $generated@@262))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@236 T@U) ($generated@@237 T@U) ($generated@@238 T@U) ($generated@@239 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@239) ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@236 ($generated@@107 $generated@@237 $generated@@238) $generated@@239)) (forall (($generated@@240 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@186 $generated@@240 $generated@@237 $generated@@239) ($generated@@235 $generated@@237 $generated@@238 $generated@@239 $generated@@236 $generated@@240)) ($generated@@186 ($generated@@215 $generated@@237 $generated@@238 $generated@@239 $generated@@236 $generated@@240) $generated@@238 $generated@@239))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@215 $generated@@237 $generated@@238 $generated@@239 $generated@@236 $generated@@240))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@258 ($generated@@106 $generated@@259 $generated@@260)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@236 ($generated@@107 $generated@@237 $generated@@238) $generated@@239))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@264 T@U) ($generated@@265 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@263 ($generated@@122 $generated@@264 $generated@@265)) $generated@@264) (= ($generated@@40 ($generated@@122 $generated@@264 $generated@@265)) $generated@@265))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@122 $generated@@264 $generated@@265))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@242 Bool) ($generated@@243 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 $generated@@24 ($generated@@241 $generated@@242) $generated@@243)) $generated@@242)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 $generated@@24 ($generated@@241 $generated@@242) $generated@@243))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@266 T@U) ($generated@@267 T@U) ($generated@@268 T@U) ($generated@@269 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@148 $generated@@269) (= ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@266 ($generated@@106 $generated@@267 $generated@@268) $generated@@269) (forall (($generated@@270 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@47 $generated@@270 $generated@@267) ($generated@@182 $generated@@270 $generated@@267 $generated@@269)) ($generated@@229 $generated@@267 $generated@@268 $generated@@269 $generated@@266 $generated@@270)) (forall (($generated@@271 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@271 $generated@@100)) (not true)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@146 $generated@@267 $generated@@268 $generated@@269 $generated@@266 $generated@@270) ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 $generated@@271)))) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@269 $generated@@271) $generated@@2))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@146 $generated@@267 $generated@@268 $generated@@269 $generated@@266 $generated@@270) ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 $generated@@271)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@245 T@U) ($generated@@246 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@180 $generated@@106 ($generated@@244 $generated@@245) $generated@@246) $generated@@245)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@180 $generated@@106 ($generated@@244 $generated@@245) $generated@@246))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@211 $generated@@267 $generated@@268 $generated@@269 $generated@@266 $generated@@270))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@146 $generated@@267 $generated@@268 $generated@@269 $generated@@266 $generated@@270))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@247 T@U) ($generated@@248 T@U) ($generated@@249 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@115 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) $generated@@247 ($generated@@141 $generated@@248) $generated@@249) (forall (($generated@@250 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@247 $generated@@250)) ($generated@@186 $generated@@250 $generated@@248 $generated@@249))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@247 $generated@@250))
+)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) $generated@@247 ($generated@@141 $generated@@248) $generated@@249))
+)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@251 T@U) ($generated@@252 T@U) ($generated@@253 T@U) ($generated@@254 T@U) ($generated@@255 T@U) ($generated@@256 T@U) ($generated@@257 T@U) ($generated@@258 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@150 $generated@@251 $generated@@252 $generated@@253 ($generated@@216 $generated@@254 $generated@@255 $generated@@256) $generated@@257) $generated@@258)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@42 ($generated@@43 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46)) $generated@@46 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) $generated@@256 $generated@@253 $generated@@257) $generated@@258)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@150 $generated@@251 $generated@@252 $generated@@253 ($generated@@216 $generated@@254 $generated@@255 $generated@@256) $generated@@257) $generated@@258))
+)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@259 T@U) ($generated@@260 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@153 $generated@@259 $generated@@260) (= $generated@@259 $generated@@260))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@153 $generated@@259 $generated@@260))
+)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@261 T@U) ($generated@@262 T@U) ($generated@@263 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or (not (= $generated@@261 $generated@@263)) (not true)) (=> (and ($generated@@137 $generated@@261 $generated@@262) ($generated@@137 $generated@@262 $generated@@263)) ($generated@@137 $generated@@261 $generated@@263)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@261 $generated@@262) ($generated@@137 $generated@@262 $generated@@263))
+)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@264 T@U) ($generated@@265 T@U) ($generated@@266 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@264 ($generated@@107 $generated@@265 $generated@@266)) (forall (($generated@@267 T@U) ($generated@@268 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@267) ($generated@@48 $generated@@268 $generated@@265)) ($generated@@235 $generated@@265 $generated@@266 $generated@@267 $generated@@264 $generated@@268)) ($generated@@48 ($generated@@215 $generated@@265 $generated@@266 $generated@@267 $generated@@264 $generated@@268) $generated@@266))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@215 $generated@@265 $generated@@266 $generated@@267 $generated@@264 $generated@@268))
+)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@264 ($generated@@107 $generated@@265 $generated@@266)))
+)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@270 T@U) ($generated@@271 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@269 ($generated@@127 $generated@@270 $generated@@271)) $generated@@270) (= ($generated@@41 ($generated@@127 $generated@@270 $generated@@271)) $generated@@271))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@127 $generated@@270 $generated@@271))
+)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@272 T@U) ($generated@@273 T@U) ($generated@@274 T@U) ($generated@@275 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@152 $generated@@275) (= ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@272 ($generated@@107 $generated@@273 $generated@@274) $generated@@275) (forall (($generated@@276 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@48 $generated@@276 $generated@@273) ($generated@@186 $generated@@276 $generated@@273 $generated@@275)) ($generated@@235 $generated@@273 $generated@@274 $generated@@275 $generated@@272 $generated@@276)) (forall (($generated@@277 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@277 $generated@@101)) (not true)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@150 $generated@@273 $generated@@274 $generated@@275 $generated@@272 $generated@@276) ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 $generated@@277)))) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@275 $generated@@277) $generated@@2))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@150 $generated@@273 $generated@@274 $generated@@275 $generated@@272 $generated@@276) ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 $generated@@277)))
+)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@215 $generated@@273 $generated@@274 $generated@@275 $generated@@272 $generated@@276))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@150 $generated@@273 $generated@@274 $generated@@275 $generated@@272 $generated@@276))
 ))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@266 ($generated@@106 $generated@@267 $generated@@268) $generated@@269))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@272 ($generated@@107 $generated@@273 $generated@@274) $generated@@275))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@272 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@272 $generated) (and (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@24 ($generated@@126 $generated@@24 $generated@@272)) $generated@@272) ($generated@@98 $generated@@24 ($generated@@126 $generated@@24 $generated@@272) $generated)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@272 $generated))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@278 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@278 $generated) (and (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@25 ($generated@@130 $generated@@25 $generated@@278)) $generated@@278) ($generated@@99 $generated@@25 ($generated@@130 $generated@@25 $generated@@278) $generated)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@278 $generated))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@273 T@U) ($generated@@274 T@U) ($generated@@275 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@47 ($generated@@165 $generated@@275 $generated@@273) $generated@@274) ($generated@@98 $generated@@275 $generated@@273 $generated@@274))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 ($generated@@165 $generated@@275 $generated@@273) $generated@@274))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@279 T@U) ($generated@@280 T@U) ($generated@@281 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@48 ($generated@@169 $generated@@281 $generated@@279) $generated@@280) ($generated@@99 $generated@@281 $generated@@279 $generated@@280))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 ($generated@@169 $generated@@281 $generated@@279) $generated@@280))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@276 T@U) ($generated@@277 T@U) ($generated@@278 T@U) ($generated@@279 T@U) ($generated@@280 T@U) ($generated@@281 T@U) ($generated@@282 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@27 ($generated@@41 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45)) $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@280 $generated@@278 $generated@@282)) ($generated@@229 $generated@@276 $generated@@277 $generated@@278 ($generated@@212 $generated@@279 $generated@@280 $generated@@281) $generated@@282))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@229 $generated@@276 $generated@@277 $generated@@278 ($generated@@212 $generated@@279 $generated@@280 $generated@@281) $generated@@282))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@282 T@U) ($generated@@283 T@U) ($generated@@284 T@U) ($generated@@285 T@U) ($generated@@286 T@U) ($generated@@287 T@U) ($generated@@288 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@28 ($generated@@42 ($generated@@43 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46)) $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@286 $generated@@284 $generated@@288)) ($generated@@235 $generated@@282 $generated@@283 $generated@@284 ($generated@@216 $generated@@285 $generated@@286 $generated@@287) $generated@@288))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@235 $generated@@282 $generated@@283 $generated@@284 ($generated@@216 $generated@@285 $generated@@286 $generated@@287) $generated@@288))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@284 T@U) ($generated@@285 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@283 ($generated@@106 $generated@@284 $generated@@285)) $generated@@284)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@106 $generated@@284 $generated@@285))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@290 T@U) ($generated@@291 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@289 ($generated@@107 $generated@@290 $generated@@291)) $generated@@290)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@107 $generated@@290 $generated@@291))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@287 T@U) ($generated@@288 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@286 ($generated@@106 $generated@@287 $generated@@288)) $generated@@288)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@106 $generated@@287 $generated@@288))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@293 T@U) ($generated@@294 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@292 ($generated@@107 $generated@@293 $generated@@294)) $generated@@294)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@107 $generated@@293 $generated@@294))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@290 T@U) ($generated@@291 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@289 ($generated@@201 $generated@@290 $generated@@291)) $generated@@290)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@201 $generated@@290 $generated@@291))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@296 T@U) ($generated@@297 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@295 ($generated@@205 $generated@@296 $generated@@297)) $generated@@296)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@205 $generated@@296 $generated@@297))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@293 T@U) ($generated@@294 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@292 ($generated@@201 $generated@@293 $generated@@294)) $generated@@294)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@201 $generated@@293 $generated@@294))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@299 T@U) ($generated@@300 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@298 ($generated@@205 $generated@@299 $generated@@300)) $generated@@300)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@205 $generated@@299 $generated@@300))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@296 T@U) ($generated@@297 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@295 ($generated@@206 $generated@@296 $generated@@297)) $generated@@296)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@206 $generated@@296 $generated@@297))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@302 T@U) ($generated@@303 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@301 ($generated@@210 $generated@@302 $generated@@303)) $generated@@302)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@210 $generated@@302 $generated@@303))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@299 T@U) ($generated@@300 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@298 ($generated@@206 $generated@@299 $generated@@300)) $generated@@300)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@206 $generated@@299 $generated@@300))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@305 T@U) ($generated@@306 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@304 ($generated@@210 $generated@@305 $generated@@306)) $generated@@306)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@210 $generated@@305 $generated@@306))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@301 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@301 $generated@@125)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@301 $generated@@125))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@307 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@307 $generated@@117)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@307 $generated@@117))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@303 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@302 ($generated@@137 $generated@@303)) $generated@@303)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@303))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@309 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@308 ($generated@@141 $generated@@309)) $generated@@309)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@141 $generated@@309))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@304 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@39 ($generated@@137 $generated@@304)) $generated@@1)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@304))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@310 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@40 ($generated@@141 $generated@@310)) $generated@@1)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@141 $generated@@310))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@305 T@U) ($generated@@306 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@126 $generated@@306 ($generated@@165 $generated@@306 $generated@@305)) $generated@@305)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@165 $generated@@306 $generated@@305))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@311 T@U) ($generated@@312 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@130 $generated@@312 ($generated@@169 $generated@@312 $generated@@311)) $generated@@311)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@169 $generated@@312 $generated@@311))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@307 T@U) ($generated@@308 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@307) (and (or (not (= $generated@@308 $generated@@100)) (not true)) (= ($generated@@101 $generated@@308) $generated@@103))) ($generated@@98 $generated@@24 ($generated@@126 $generated@@24 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@307 $generated@@308) $generated@@124)) $generated))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@126 $generated@@24 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@307 $generated@@308) $generated@@124)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@313 T@U) ($generated@@314 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@313) (and (or (not (= $generated@@314 $generated@@101)) (not true)) (= ($generated@@102 $generated@@314) $generated@@104))) ($generated@@99 $generated@@25 ($generated@@130 $generated@@25 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@313 $generated@@314) $generated@@129)) $generated))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@130 $generated@@25 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@313 $generated@@314) $generated@@129)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@309 T@U) ($generated@@310 T@U) ($generated@@311 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@311 ($generated@@206 $generated@@309 $generated@@310))  (and ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@311 ($generated@@201 $generated@@309 $generated@@310)) (forall (($generated@@312 T@U) )  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@312 $generated@@309) ($generated@@229 $generated@@309 $generated@@310 $generated@@147 $generated@@311 $generated@@312)))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@311 ($generated@@206 $generated@@309 $generated@@310)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@315 T@U) ($generated@@316 T@U) ($generated@@317 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@317 ($generated@@210 $generated@@315 $generated@@316))  (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@317 ($generated@@205 $generated@@315 $generated@@316)) (forall (($generated@@318 T@U) )  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@318 $generated@@315) ($generated@@235 $generated@@315 $generated@@316 $generated@@151 $generated@@317 $generated@@318)))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@317 ($generated@@210 $generated@@315 $generated@@316)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@313 T@U) ($generated@@314 T@U) ($generated@@315 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@315 ($generated@@201 $generated@@313 $generated@@314))  (and ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@315 ($generated@@106 $generated@@313 $generated@@314)) (forall (($generated@@316 T@U) )  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@316 $generated@@313) ($generated@@149 ($generated@@146 $generated@@313 $generated@@314 $generated@@147 $generated@@315 $generated@@316) $generated@@150)))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@315 ($generated@@201 $generated@@313 $generated@@314)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@319 T@U) ($generated@@320 T@U) ($generated@@321 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@321 ($generated@@205 $generated@@319 $generated@@320))  (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@321 ($generated@@107 $generated@@319 $generated@@320)) (forall (($generated@@322 T@U) )  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@322 $generated@@319) ($generated@@153 ($generated@@150 $generated@@319 $generated@@320 $generated@@151 $generated@@321 $generated@@322) $generated@@154)))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@321 ($generated@@205 $generated@@319 $generated@@320)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@318 T@U) ($generated@@319 T@U) ($generated@@320 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@175 $generated@@320 $generated@@318 ($generated@@317 $generated@@319)) ($generated@@175 $generated@@320 $generated@@318 $generated@@319))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@175 $generated@@320 $generated@@318 ($generated@@317 $generated@@319)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@324 T@U) ($generated@@325 T@U) ($generated@@326 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@179 $generated@@326 $generated@@324 ($generated@@323 $generated@@325)) ($generated@@179 $generated@@326 $generated@@324 $generated@@325))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@179 $generated@@326 $generated@@324 ($generated@@323 $generated@@325)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@321 T@U) ($generated@@322 T@U) ($generated@@323 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@323 ($generated@@106 $generated@@321 $generated@@322)) (and (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@105 ($generated@@126 $generated@@105 $generated@@323)) $generated@@323) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 ($generated@@126 $generated@@105 $generated@@323) ($generated@@106 $generated@@321 $generated@@322))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@323 ($generated@@106 $generated@@321 $generated@@322)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@327 T@U) ($generated@@328 T@U) ($generated@@329 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@329 ($generated@@107 $generated@@327 $generated@@328)) (and (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@106 ($generated@@130 $generated@@106 $generated@@329)) $generated@@329) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 ($generated@@130 $generated@@106 $generated@@329) ($generated@@107 $generated@@327 $generated@@328))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@329 ($generated@@107 $generated@@327 $generated@@328)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@324 T@U) ($generated@@325 T@U) ($generated@@326 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@326 ($generated@@201 $generated@@324 $generated@@325)) (and (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@105 ($generated@@126 $generated@@105 $generated@@326)) $generated@@326) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 ($generated@@126 $generated@@105 $generated@@326) ($generated@@201 $generated@@324 $generated@@325))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@326 ($generated@@201 $generated@@324 $generated@@325)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@330 T@U) ($generated@@331 T@U) ($generated@@332 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@332 ($generated@@205 $generated@@330 $generated@@331)) (and (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@106 ($generated@@130 $generated@@106 $generated@@332)) $generated@@332) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 ($generated@@130 $generated@@106 $generated@@332) ($generated@@205 $generated@@330 $generated@@331))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@332 ($generated@@205 $generated@@330 $generated@@331)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@327 T@U) ($generated@@328 T@U) ($generated@@329 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@329 ($generated@@206 $generated@@327 $generated@@328)) (and (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@105 ($generated@@126 $generated@@105 $generated@@329)) $generated@@329) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 ($generated@@126 $generated@@105 $generated@@329) ($generated@@206 $generated@@327 $generated@@328))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@329 ($generated@@206 $generated@@327 $generated@@328)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@333 T@U) ($generated@@334 T@U) ($generated@@335 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@335 ($generated@@210 $generated@@333 $generated@@334)) (and (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@106 ($generated@@130 $generated@@106 $generated@@335)) $generated@@335) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 ($generated@@130 $generated@@106 $generated@@335) ($generated@@210 $generated@@333 $generated@@334))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@335 ($generated@@210 $generated@@333 $generated@@334)))
 )))
-(assert  (=> (<= 1 $generated@@330) (forall (($generated@@331 T@U) ($generated@@332 Int) ($generated@@333 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or ($generated@@158 $generated@@331 $generated@@332 $generated@@333) (and (< 1 $generated@@330) (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@331) (and ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@333 $generated@@115) ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@333 $generated@@115 $generated@@331))))) (and (= ($generated@@157 $generated@@331 $generated@@332 $generated@@333) ($generated@@29 ($generated@@126 $generated@@24 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@331 ($generated@@126 $generated@@43 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@331 $generated@@333) $generated@@121))) $generated@@124)))) (<= ($generated@@141 0) ($generated@@157 $generated@@331 $generated@@332 $generated@@333))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@157 $generated@@331 $generated@@332 $generated@@333))
+(assert  (=> (<= 1 $generated@@336) (forall (($generated@@337 T@U) ($generated@@338 Int) ($generated@@339 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or ($generated@@162 $generated@@337 $generated@@338 $generated@@339) (and (< 1 $generated@@336) (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@337) (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@339 $generated@@120) ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@339 $generated@@120 $generated@@337))))) (and (= ($generated@@161 $generated@@337 $generated@@338 $generated@@339) ($generated@@30 ($generated@@130 $generated@@25 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@337 ($generated@@130 $generated@@44 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@337 $generated@@339) $generated@@126))) $generated@@129)))) (<= ($generated@@145 0) ($generated@@161 $generated@@337 $generated@@338 $generated@@339))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@161 $generated@@337 $generated@@338 $generated@@339))
 ))))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@334 T@U) ) (!  (not ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@150 $generated@@334)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 $generated@@150 $generated@@334))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@340 T@U) ) (!  (not ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@154 $generated@@340)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 $generated@@154 $generated@@340))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@336 T@U) ($generated@@337 T@U) ($generated@@338 T@U) ($generated@@339 Bool) ($generated@@340 T@U) ($generated@@341 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@27 ($generated@@41 $generated@@43 $generated@@44 $generated@@23 ($generated@@335 $generated@@336 $generated@@337 $generated@@338 $generated@@339) $generated@@340 $generated@@341))  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@340 $generated@@336)) (not true)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@337 $generated@@340) $generated@@338)))) $generated@@339))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@43 $generated@@44 $generated@@23 ($generated@@335 $generated@@336 $generated@@337 $generated@@338 $generated@@339) $generated@@340 $generated@@341))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@342 T@U) ($generated@@343 T@U) ($generated@@344 T@U) ($generated@@345 Bool) ($generated@@346 T@U) ($generated@@347 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@28 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 $generated@@24 ($generated@@341 $generated@@342 $generated@@343 $generated@@344 $generated@@345) $generated@@346 $generated@@347))  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@346 $generated@@342)) (not true)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@343 $generated@@346) $generated@@344)))) $generated@@345))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 $generated@@24 ($generated@@341 $generated@@342 $generated@@343 $generated@@344 $generated@@345) $generated@@346 $generated@@347))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@343 T@U) ($generated@@344 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@39 ($generated@@106 $generated@@343 $generated@@344)) $generated@@5) (= ($generated@@342 ($generated@@106 $generated@@343 $generated@@344)) $generated@@15))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@106 $generated@@343 $generated@@344))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@349 T@U) ($generated@@350 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@40 ($generated@@107 $generated@@349 $generated@@350)) $generated@@6) (= ($generated@@348 ($generated@@107 $generated@@349 $generated@@350)) $generated@@16))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@107 $generated@@349 $generated@@350))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@345 T@U) ($generated@@346 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@39 ($generated@@201 $generated@@345 $generated@@346)) $generated@@6) (= ($generated@@342 ($generated@@201 $generated@@345 $generated@@346)) $generated@@16))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@201 $generated@@345 $generated@@346))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@351 T@U) ($generated@@352 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@40 ($generated@@205 $generated@@351 $generated@@352)) $generated@@7) (= ($generated@@348 ($generated@@205 $generated@@351 $generated@@352)) $generated@@17))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@205 $generated@@351 $generated@@352))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@347 T@U) ($generated@@348 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@39 ($generated@@206 $generated@@347 $generated@@348)) $generated@@7) (= ($generated@@342 ($generated@@206 $generated@@347 $generated@@348)) $generated@@17))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@206 $generated@@347 $generated@@348))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@353 T@U) ($generated@@354 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@40 ($generated@@210 $generated@@353 $generated@@354)) $generated@@8) (= ($generated@@348 ($generated@@210 $generated@@353 $generated@@354)) $generated@@18))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@210 $generated@@353 $generated@@354))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@349 T@U) ($generated@@350 T@U) ($generated@@351 T@U) ($generated@@352 T@U) ($generated@@353 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@351) (and ($generated@@47 $generated@@353 $generated@@349) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@352 ($generated@@106 $generated@@349 $generated@@350)))) ($generated@@149 ($generated@@146 $generated@@349 $generated@@350 $generated@@147 $generated@@352 $generated@@353) $generated@@150)) (= ($generated@@229 $generated@@349 $generated@@350 $generated@@147 $generated@@352 $generated@@353) ($generated@@229 $generated@@349 $generated@@350 $generated@@351 $generated@@352 $generated@@353)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@229 $generated@@349 $generated@@350 $generated@@147 $generated@@352 $generated@@353) ($generated@@148 $generated@@351))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@229 $generated@@349 $generated@@350 $generated@@351 $generated@@352 $generated@@353))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@355 T@U) ($generated@@356 T@U) ($generated@@357 T@U) ($generated@@358 T@U) ($generated@@359 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@357) (and ($generated@@48 $generated@@359 $generated@@355) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@358 ($generated@@107 $generated@@355 $generated@@356)))) ($generated@@153 ($generated@@150 $generated@@355 $generated@@356 $generated@@151 $generated@@358 $generated@@359) $generated@@154)) (= ($generated@@235 $generated@@355 $generated@@356 $generated@@151 $generated@@358 $generated@@359) ($generated@@235 $generated@@355 $generated@@356 $generated@@357 $generated@@358 $generated@@359)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@235 $generated@@355 $generated@@356 $generated@@151 $generated@@358 $generated@@359) ($generated@@152 $generated@@357))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@235 $generated@@355 $generated@@356 $generated@@357 $generated@@358 $generated@@359))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@354 T@U) ($generated@@355 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@47 $generated@@354 ($generated@@137 $generated@@355)) (and (= ($generated@@165 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) ($generated@@126 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) $generated@@354)) $generated@@354) ($generated@@98 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) ($generated@@126 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) $generated@@354) ($generated@@137 $generated@@355))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@354 ($generated@@137 $generated@@355)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@360 T@U) ($generated@@361 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@48 $generated@@360 ($generated@@141 $generated@@361)) (and (= ($generated@@169 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) ($generated@@130 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) $generated@@360)) $generated@@360) ($generated@@99 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) ($generated@@130 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) $generated@@360) ($generated@@141 $generated@@361))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@48 $generated@@360 ($generated@@141 $generated@@361)))
 )))
-(assert (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@125) $generated@@4))
-(assert (= ($generated@@342 $generated@@125) $generated@@14))
-(assert (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@115) $generated@@8))
-(assert (= ($generated@@342 $generated@@115) $generated@@18))
-(assert (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@99) $generated@@10))
-(assert (= ($generated@@342 $generated@@99) $generated@@18))
-(assert (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@118) $generated@@11))
-(assert (= ($generated@@342 $generated@@118) $generated@@19))
-(assert (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@103) $generated@@13))
-(assert (= ($generated@@342 $generated@@103) $generated@@19))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@356 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@98 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) ($generated@@172 $generated@@356) ($generated@@137 $generated@@125))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@172 $generated@@356))
+(assert (= ($generated@@40 $generated@@117) $generated@@4))
+(assert (= ($generated@@348 $generated@@117) $generated@@15))
+(assert (= ($generated@@40 $generated@@116) $generated@@5))
+(assert (= ($generated@@348 $generated@@116) $generated@@15))
+(assert (= ($generated@@40 $generated@@120) $generated@@9))
+(assert (= ($generated@@348 $generated@@120) $generated@@19))
+(assert (= ($generated@@40 $generated@@100) $generated@@11))
+(assert (= ($generated@@348 $generated@@100) $generated@@19))
+(assert (= ($generated@@40 $generated@@123) $generated@@12))
+(assert (= ($generated@@348 $generated@@123) $generated@@20))
+(assert (= ($generated@@40 $generated@@104) $generated@@14))
+(assert (= ($generated@@348 $generated@@104) $generated@@20))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@362 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@99 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) ($generated@@176 $generated@@362) ($generated@@141 $generated@@117))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@176 $generated@@362))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@357 T@U) ($generated@@358 T@U) ($generated@@359 T@U) ($generated@@360 T@U) ($generated@@361 T@U) ($generated@@362 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@133 $generated@@359 $generated@@360) (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@359) ($generated@@148 $generated@@360))) (and ($generated@@47 $generated@@362 $generated@@357) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@361 ($generated@@106 $generated@@357 $generated@@358)))) (forall (($generated@@363 T@U) ($generated@@364 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@363 $generated@@100)) (not true)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@146 $generated@@357 $generated@@358 $generated@@359 $generated@@361 $generated@@362) ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 $generated@@363)))) (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@359 $generated@@363) $generated@@364) ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@360 $generated@@363) $generated@@364))))) (= ($generated@@229 $generated@@357 $generated@@358 $generated@@359 $generated@@361 $generated@@362) ($generated@@229 $generated@@357 $generated@@358 $generated@@360 $generated@@361 $generated@@362)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@359 $generated@@360) ($generated@@229 $generated@@357 $generated@@358 $generated@@360 $generated@@361 $generated@@362))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@363 T@U) ($generated@@364 T@U) ($generated@@365 T@U) ($generated@@366 T@U) ($generated@@367 T@U) ($generated@@368 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@137 $generated@@365 $generated@@366) (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@365) ($generated@@152 $generated@@366))) (and ($generated@@48 $generated@@368 $generated@@363) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@367 ($generated@@107 $generated@@363 $generated@@364)))) (forall (($generated@@369 T@U) ($generated@@370 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@369 $generated@@101)) (not true)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@150 $generated@@363 $generated@@364 $generated@@365 $generated@@367 $generated@@368) ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 $generated@@369)))) (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@365 $generated@@369) $generated@@370) ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@366 $generated@@369) $generated@@370))))) (= ($generated@@235 $generated@@363 $generated@@364 $generated@@365 $generated@@367 $generated@@368) ($generated@@235 $generated@@363 $generated@@364 $generated@@366 $generated@@367 $generated@@368)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@365 $generated@@366) ($generated@@235 $generated@@363 $generated@@364 $generated@@366 $generated@@367 $generated@@368))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@365 T@U) ($generated@@366 T@U) ($generated@@367 T@U) ($generated@@368 T@U) ($generated@@369 T@U) ($generated@@370 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@133 $generated@@367 $generated@@368) (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@367) ($generated@@148 $generated@@368))) (and ($generated@@47 $generated@@370 $generated@@365) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@369 ($generated@@106 $generated@@365 $generated@@366)))) (forall (($generated@@371 T@U) ($generated@@372 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@371 $generated@@100)) (not true)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@146 $generated@@365 $generated@@366 $generated@@368 $generated@@369 $generated@@370) ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 $generated@@371)))) (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@367 $generated@@371) $generated@@372) ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@368 $generated@@371) $generated@@372))))) (= ($generated@@229 $generated@@365 $generated@@366 $generated@@367 $generated@@369 $generated@@370) ($generated@@229 $generated@@365 $generated@@366 $generated@@368 $generated@@369 $generated@@370)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@367 $generated@@368) ($generated@@229 $generated@@365 $generated@@366 $generated@@368 $generated@@369 $generated@@370))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@371 T@U) ($generated@@372 T@U) ($generated@@373 T@U) ($generated@@374 T@U) ($generated@@375 T@U) ($generated@@376 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@137 $generated@@373 $generated@@374) (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@373) ($generated@@152 $generated@@374))) (and ($generated@@48 $generated@@376 $generated@@371) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@375 ($generated@@107 $generated@@371 $generated@@372)))) (forall (($generated@@377 T@U) ($generated@@378 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@377 $generated@@101)) (not true)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@150 $generated@@371 $generated@@372 $generated@@374 $generated@@375 $generated@@376) ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 $generated@@377)))) (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@373 $generated@@377) $generated@@378) ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@374 $generated@@377) $generated@@378))))) (= ($generated@@235 $generated@@371 $generated@@372 $generated@@373 $generated@@375 $generated@@376) ($generated@@235 $generated@@371 $generated@@372 $generated@@374 $generated@@375 $generated@@376)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@373 $generated@@374) ($generated@@235 $generated@@371 $generated@@372 $generated@@374 $generated@@375 $generated@@376))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@373 Int) ) (! (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@24 ($generated@@28 ($generated@@141 $generated@@373))) ($generated@@143 $generated@@45 ($generated@@165 $generated@@24 ($generated@@28 $generated@@373))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@165 $generated@@24 ($generated@@28 ($generated@@141 $generated@@373))))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@379 Int) ) (! (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@25 ($generated@@29 ($generated@@145 $generated@@379))) ($generated@@147 $generated@@46 ($generated@@169 $generated@@25 ($generated@@29 $generated@@379))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@169 $generated@@25 ($generated@@29 ($generated@@145 $generated@@379))))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@374 T@U) ($generated@@375 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@165 $generated@@375 ($generated@@143 $generated@@375 $generated@@374)) ($generated@@143 $generated@@45 ($generated@@165 $generated@@375 $generated@@374)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@165 $generated@@375 ($generated@@143 $generated@@375 $generated@@374)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@380 T@U) ($generated@@381 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@381 ($generated@@147 $generated@@381 $generated@@380)) ($generated@@147 $generated@@46 ($generated@@169 $generated@@381 $generated@@380)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@169 $generated@@381 ($generated@@147 $generated@@381 $generated@@380)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@376 T@U) ($generated@@377 T@U) ($generated@@378 T@U) ($generated@@379 T@U) ($generated@@380 T@U) ($generated@@381 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@133 $generated@@378 $generated@@379) (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@378) ($generated@@148 $generated@@379))) (and ($generated@@47 $generated@@381 $generated@@376) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@380 ($generated@@106 $generated@@376 $generated@@377)))) (forall (($generated@@382 T@U) ($generated@@383 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@382 $generated@@100)) (not true)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@146 $generated@@376 $generated@@377 $generated@@378 $generated@@380 $generated@@381) ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 $generated@@382)))) (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@378 $generated@@382) $generated@@383) ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@379 $generated@@382) $generated@@383))))) (= ($generated@@146 $generated@@376 $generated@@377 $generated@@378 $generated@@380 $generated@@381) ($generated@@146 $generated@@376 $generated@@377 $generated@@379 $generated@@380 $generated@@381)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@378 $generated@@379) ($generated@@146 $generated@@376 $generated@@377 $generated@@379 $generated@@380 $generated@@381))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@382 T@U) ($generated@@383 T@U) ($generated@@384 T@U) ($generated@@385 T@U) ($generated@@386 T@U) ($generated@@387 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@137 $generated@@384 $generated@@385) (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@384) ($generated@@152 $generated@@385))) (and ($generated@@48 $generated@@387 $generated@@382) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@386 ($generated@@107 $generated@@382 $generated@@383)))) (forall (($generated@@388 T@U) ($generated@@389 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@388 $generated@@101)) (not true)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@150 $generated@@382 $generated@@383 $generated@@384 $generated@@386 $generated@@387) ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 $generated@@388)))) (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@384 $generated@@388) $generated@@389) ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@385 $generated@@388) $generated@@389))))) (= ($generated@@150 $generated@@382 $generated@@383 $generated@@384 $generated@@386 $generated@@387) ($generated@@150 $generated@@382 $generated@@383 $generated@@385 $generated@@386 $generated@@387)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@384 $generated@@385) ($generated@@150 $generated@@382 $generated@@383 $generated@@385 $generated@@386 $generated@@387))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@384 T@U) ($generated@@385 T@U) ($generated@@386 T@U) ($generated@@387 T@U) ($generated@@388 T@U) ($generated@@389 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@133 $generated@@386 $generated@@387) (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@386) ($generated@@148 $generated@@387))) (and ($generated@@47 $generated@@389 $generated@@384) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@388 ($generated@@106 $generated@@384 $generated@@385)))) (forall (($generated@@390 T@U) ($generated@@391 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@390 $generated@@100)) (not true)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@146 $generated@@384 $generated@@385 $generated@@387 $generated@@388 $generated@@389) ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 $generated@@390)))) (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@386 $generated@@390) $generated@@391) ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@387 $generated@@390) $generated@@391))))) (= ($generated@@146 $generated@@384 $generated@@385 $generated@@386 $generated@@388 $generated@@389) ($generated@@146 $generated@@384 $generated@@385 $generated@@387 $generated@@388 $generated@@389)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@386 $generated@@387) ($generated@@146 $generated@@384 $generated@@385 $generated@@387 $generated@@388 $generated@@389))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@390 T@U) ($generated@@391 T@U) ($generated@@392 T@U) ($generated@@393 T@U) ($generated@@394 T@U) ($generated@@395 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@137 $generated@@392 $generated@@393) (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@392) ($generated@@152 $generated@@393))) (and ($generated@@48 $generated@@395 $generated@@390) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@394 ($generated@@107 $generated@@390 $generated@@391)))) (forall (($generated@@396 T@U) ($generated@@397 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@396 $generated@@101)) (not true)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@150 $generated@@390 $generated@@391 $generated@@393 $generated@@394 $generated@@395) ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 $generated@@396)))) (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@392 $generated@@396) $generated@@397) ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@393 $generated@@396) $generated@@397))))) (= ($generated@@150 $generated@@390 $generated@@391 $generated@@392 $generated@@394 $generated@@395) ($generated@@150 $generated@@390 $generated@@391 $generated@@393 $generated@@394 $generated@@395)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@392 $generated@@393) ($generated@@150 $generated@@390 $generated@@391 $generated@@393 $generated@@394 $generated@@395))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@392 T@U) ($generated@@393 T@U) ($generated@@394 T@U) ($generated@@395 T@U) ($generated@@396 T@U) ($generated@@397 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@133 $generated@@394 $generated@@395) (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@394) ($generated@@148 $generated@@395))) (and ($generated@@47 $generated@@397 $generated@@392) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@396 ($generated@@106 $generated@@392 $generated@@393)))) (forall (($generated@@398 T@U) ($generated@@399 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@398 $generated@@100)) (not true)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@146 $generated@@392 $generated@@393 $generated@@394 $generated@@396 $generated@@397) ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 $generated@@398)))) (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@394 $generated@@398) $generated@@399) ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@395 $generated@@398) $generated@@399))))) (= ($generated@@211 $generated@@392 $generated@@393 $generated@@394 $generated@@396 $generated@@397) ($generated@@211 $generated@@392 $generated@@393 $generated@@395 $generated@@396 $generated@@397)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@394 $generated@@395) ($generated@@211 $generated@@392 $generated@@393 $generated@@395 $generated@@396 $generated@@397))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@398 T@U) ($generated@@399 T@U) ($generated@@400 T@U) ($generated@@401 T@U) ($generated@@402 T@U) ($generated@@403 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@137 $generated@@400 $generated@@401) (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@400) ($generated@@152 $generated@@401))) (and ($generated@@48 $generated@@403 $generated@@398) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@402 ($generated@@107 $generated@@398 $generated@@399)))) (forall (($generated@@404 T@U) ($generated@@405 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@404 $generated@@101)) (not true)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@150 $generated@@398 $generated@@399 $generated@@400 $generated@@402 $generated@@403) ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 $generated@@404)))) (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@400 $generated@@404) $generated@@405) ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@401 $generated@@404) $generated@@405))))) (= ($generated@@215 $generated@@398 $generated@@399 $generated@@400 $generated@@402 $generated@@403) ($generated@@215 $generated@@398 $generated@@399 $generated@@401 $generated@@402 $generated@@403)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@400 $generated@@401) ($generated@@215 $generated@@398 $generated@@399 $generated@@401 $generated@@402 $generated@@403))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@400 T@U) ($generated@@401 T@U) ($generated@@402 T@U) ($generated@@403 T@U) ($generated@@404 T@U) ($generated@@405 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@133 $generated@@402 $generated@@403) (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@402) ($generated@@148 $generated@@403))) (and ($generated@@47 $generated@@405 $generated@@400) ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@404 ($generated@@106 $generated@@400 $generated@@401)))) (forall (($generated@@406 T@U) ($generated@@407 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@406 $generated@@100)) (not true)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@49 $generated@@45 $generated@@23 ($generated@@146 $generated@@400 $generated@@401 $generated@@403 $generated@@404 $generated@@405) ($generated@@165 $generated@@43 $generated@@406)))) (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@402 $generated@@406) $generated@@407) ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@403 $generated@@406) $generated@@407))))) (= ($generated@@211 $generated@@400 $generated@@401 $generated@@402 $generated@@404 $generated@@405) ($generated@@211 $generated@@400 $generated@@401 $generated@@403 $generated@@404 $generated@@405)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@402 $generated@@403) ($generated@@211 $generated@@400 $generated@@401 $generated@@403 $generated@@404 $generated@@405))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@406 T@U) ($generated@@407 T@U) ($generated@@408 T@U) ($generated@@409 T@U) ($generated@@410 T@U) ($generated@@411 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@137 $generated@@408 $generated@@409) (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@408) ($generated@@152 $generated@@409))) (and ($generated@@48 $generated@@411 $generated@@406) ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@410 ($generated@@107 $generated@@406 $generated@@407)))) (forall (($generated@@412 T@U) ($generated@@413 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@412 $generated@@101)) (not true)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@50 $generated@@46 $generated@@24 ($generated@@150 $generated@@406 $generated@@407 $generated@@409 $generated@@410 $generated@@411) ($generated@@169 $generated@@44 $generated@@412)))) (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@408 $generated@@412) $generated@@413) ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@409 $generated@@412) $generated@@413))))) (= ($generated@@215 $generated@@406 $generated@@407 $generated@@408 $generated@@410 $generated@@411) ($generated@@215 $generated@@406 $generated@@407 $generated@@409 $generated@@410 $generated@@411)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@137 $generated@@408 $generated@@409) ($generated@@215 $generated@@406 $generated@@407 $generated@@409 $generated@@410 $generated@@411))
 )))
-(assert  (=> (<= 1 $generated@@330) (forall (($generated@@408 T@U) ($generated@@409 Int) ($generated@@410 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or ($generated@@158 $generated@@408 $generated@@409 $generated@@410) (and (< 1 $generated@@330) (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@408) ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@410 $generated@@115)))) (= ($generated@@157 $generated@@408 $generated@@409 $generated@@410) ($generated@@141 3)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@157 $generated@@408 $generated@@409 $generated@@410) ($generated@@148 $generated@@408))
+(assert  (=> (<= 1 $generated@@336) (forall (($generated@@414 T@U) ($generated@@415 Int) ($generated@@416 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or ($generated@@162 $generated@@414 $generated@@415 $generated@@416) (and (< 1 $generated@@336) (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@414) ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@416 $generated@@120)))) (= ($generated@@161 $generated@@414 $generated@@415 $generated@@416) ($generated@@145 3)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@161 $generated@@414 $generated@@415 $generated@@416) ($generated@@152 $generated@@414))
 ))))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@411 T@U) ($generated@@412 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@114 $generated@@24 $generated@@412 $generated $generated@@411)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@24 $generated@@412 $generated $generated@@411))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@417 T@U) ($generated@@418 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@115 $generated@@25 $generated@@418 $generated $generated@@417)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@115 $generated@@25 $generated@@418 $generated $generated@@417))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@414 T@U) ($generated@@415 T@U) ($generated@@416 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@41 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45)) $generated@@45 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) ($generated@@413 $generated@@414) $generated@@415 $generated@@416) $generated@@414)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45)) $generated@@45 ($generated@@42 $generated@@45 $generated@@23) ($generated@@413 $generated@@414) $generated@@415 $generated@@416))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@420 T@U) ($generated@@421 T@U) ($generated@@422 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@42 ($generated@@43 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46)) $generated@@46 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) ($generated@@419 $generated@@420) $generated@@421 $generated@@422) $generated@@420)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 ($generated@@43 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46)) $generated@@46 ($generated@@43 $generated@@46 $generated@@24) ($generated@@419 $generated@@420) $generated@@421 $generated@@422))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@417 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@98 $generated@@24 $generated@@417 $generated)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@98 $generated@@24 $generated@@417 $generated))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@423 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@99 $generated@@25 $generated@@423 $generated)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@25 $generated@@423 $generated))
 )))
 (push 1)
 (declare-fun ControlFlow (Int Int) Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@418 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@419 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@420 () Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@421 () Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@422 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@423 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@424 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@425 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@426 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@427 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@428 () Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@429 () Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@426 () Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@427 () Int)
+(declare-fun $generated@@428 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@429 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@430 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@431 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@432 () Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@432 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@433 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@434 () Int)
+(declare-fun $generated@@435 () Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@436 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@437 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@438 () Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@439 () T@U)
 (set-option :timeout 0)
 (set-option :rlimit 0)
 (set-option :auto_config false)
@@ -1016,18 +1041,18 @@ $generated@@192))))))
 (set-option :pp.bv_literals false)
 (set-option :smt.arith.solver 2)
 (assert (not
- (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 0) 9) (let (($generated@@434 true))
-(let (($generated@@435 true))
-(let (($generated@@436  (=> (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@418) (or (= $generated@@419 $generated@@418) ($generated@@133 $generated@@419 $generated@@418))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 7) 5) $generated@@435) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 7) 6) $generated@@434)))))
-(let (($generated@@437  (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 2) (- 0 1)) (= $generated@@420 (= $generated@@421 ($generated@@141 2))))))
-(let (($generated@@438  (=> (= $generated@@422 ($generated@@143 $generated@@105 ($generated@@175 $generated@@105 ($generated@@238 ($generated@@212 ($generated@@168 1) ($generated@@46 $generated) ($generated@@413 ($generated@@172 ($generated@@235 false))))) ($generated@@317 $generated@@423)))) (=> (and (and (or (not (= $generated@@424 $generated@@100)) (not true)) (and ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@424 $generated@@115) ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@424 $generated@@115 $generated@@425))) (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@426) ($generated@@156 $generated@@426))) (=> (and (and (and (or (not (= $generated@@427 $generated@@100)) (not true)) (and ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@427 $generated@@115) ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@427 $generated@@115 $generated@@426))) (not ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@419 $generated@@427) $generated@@2))))) (and (forall (($generated@@439 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@439 $generated@@100)) (not true)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@419 $generated@@439) $generated@@2)))) (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@426 $generated@@439) ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@419 $generated@@439)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@426 $generated@@439))
-)) ($generated@@133 $generated@@419 $generated@@426))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 3) (- 0 4)) true) (=> (and (and (and (= $generated@@428 ($generated@@141 42)) ($generated@@114 $generated@@24 ($generated@@28 $generated@@428) $generated $generated@@426)) (and ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@427 $generated@@115 $generated@@426) ($generated@@158 $generated@@426 ($generated@@141 42) $generated@@427))) (and (and ($generated@@158 $generated@@426 ($generated@@141 42) $generated@@427) (= $generated@@429 (= $generated@@421 ($generated@@157 $generated@@426 ($generated@@141 42) $generated@@427)))) (and (= $generated@@420 $generated@@429) (= (ControlFlow 0 3) 2)))) $generated@@437)))))))
-(let (($generated@@440  (=> (= $generated@@430 ($generated@@335 $generated@@100 $generated@@425 $generated@@2 false)) (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@419) ($generated@@156 $generated@@419)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@143 $generated@@23 ($generated@@26 false)))) (and (forall (($generated@@441 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@441 $generated@@100)) (not true)) ($generated@@27 ($generated@@126 $generated@@23 ($generated@@49 $generated@@44 $generated@@45 ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@425 $generated@@441) $generated@@2)))) (= ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@419 $generated@@441) ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@425 $generated@@441)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@49 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@44 $generated@@45) $generated@@419 $generated@@441))
-)) ($generated@@133 $generated@@425 $generated@@419))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 8) 7) $generated@@436) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 8) 3) $generated@@438))))))
-(let (($generated@@442  (=> (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@425) ($generated@@156 $generated@@425)) (=> (and (and ($generated@@98 $generated@@105 $generated@@431 ($generated@@206 $generated $generated)) ($generated@@114 $generated@@105 $generated@@431 ($generated@@206 $generated $generated) $generated@@425)) true) (=> (and (and (and (=> $generated@@432 (and ($generated@@98 $generated@@43 $generated@@433 $generated@@115) ($generated@@114 $generated@@43 $generated@@433 $generated@@115 $generated@@425))) true) (= 2 $generated@@330)) (and (= $generated@@421 ($generated@@141 2)) (= (ControlFlow 0 9) 8))) $generated@@440)))))
-$generated@@442))))))))
+ (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 0) 9) (let (($generated@@440 true))
+(let (($generated@@441 true))
+(let (($generated@@442  (=> (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@424) (or (= $generated@@425 $generated@@424) ($generated@@137 $generated@@425 $generated@@424))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 7) 5) $generated@@441) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 7) 6) $generated@@440)))))
+(let (($generated@@443  (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 2) (- 0 1)) (= $generated@@426 (= $generated@@427 ($generated@@145 2))))))
+(let (($generated@@444  (=> (= $generated@@428 ($generated@@147 $generated@@106 ($generated@@179 $generated@@106 ($generated@@244 ($generated@@216 ($generated@@172 1) ($generated@@47 $generated) ($generated@@419 ($generated@@176 ($generated@@241 false))))) ($generated@@323 $generated@@429)))) (=> (and (and (or (not (= $generated@@430 $generated@@101)) (not true)) (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@430 $generated@@120) ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@430 $generated@@120 $generated@@431))) (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@432) ($generated@@160 $generated@@432))) (=> (and (and (and (or (not (= $generated@@433 $generated@@101)) (not true)) (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@433 $generated@@120) ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@433 $generated@@120 $generated@@432))) (not ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@425 $generated@@433) $generated@@2))))) (and (and (forall (($generated@@445 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@445 $generated@@101)) (not true)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@425 $generated@@445) $generated@@2)))) (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@432 $generated@@445) ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@425 $generated@@445)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@432 $generated@@445))
+)) ($generated@@137 $generated@@425 $generated@@432)) (and (= $generated@@434 ($generated@@145 42)) ($generated@@115 $generated@@25 ($generated@@29 $generated@@434) $generated $generated@@432)))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 3) (- 0 4)) true) (=> (and ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@433 $generated@@120 $generated@@432) ($generated@@162 $generated@@432 ($generated@@145 42) $generated@@433)) (=> (and (and ($generated@@162 $generated@@432 ($generated@@145 42) $generated@@433) (= $generated@@435 (= $generated@@427 ($generated@@161 $generated@@432 ($generated@@145 42) $generated@@433)))) (and (= $generated@@426 $generated@@435) (= (ControlFlow 0 3) 2))) $generated@@443))))))))
+(let (($generated@@446  (=> (= $generated@@436 ($generated@@341 $generated@@101 $generated@@431 $generated@@2 false)) (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@425) ($generated@@160 $generated@@425)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@147 $generated@@24 ($generated@@27 false)))) (and (forall (($generated@@447 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@447 $generated@@101)) (not true)) ($generated@@28 ($generated@@130 $generated@@24 ($generated@@50 $generated@@45 $generated@@46 ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@431 $generated@@447) $generated@@2)))) (= ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@425 $generated@@447) ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@431 $generated@@447)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@50 $generated@@44 ($generated@@43 $generated@@45 $generated@@46) $generated@@425 $generated@@447))
+)) ($generated@@137 $generated@@431 $generated@@425))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 8) 7) $generated@@442) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 8) 3) $generated@@444))))))
+(let (($generated@@448  (=> (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@431) ($generated@@160 $generated@@431)) (=> (and (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@106 $generated@@437 ($generated@@210 $generated $generated)) ($generated@@115 $generated@@106 $generated@@437 ($generated@@210 $generated $generated) $generated@@431)) true) (=> (and (and (and (=> $generated@@438 (and ($generated@@99 $generated@@44 $generated@@439 $generated@@120) ($generated@@115 $generated@@44 $generated@@439 $generated@@120 $generated@@431))) true) (= 2 $generated@@336)) (and (= $generated@@427 ($generated@@145 2)) (= (ControlFlow 0 9) 8))) $generated@@446)))))
+$generated@@448))))))))
 ))
 (check-sat)
 (get-info :rlimit)
@@ -1452,428 +1477,443 @@ $generated@@295)))))))))
 (declare-fun $generated@@11 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@12 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@13 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@14 (T@T) Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@15 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@14 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@15 (T@T) Int)
 (declare-fun $generated@@16 () T@T)
 (declare-fun $generated@@17 () T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@18 (Bool) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@19 (T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@20 (Int) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@21 (T@U) Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@22 (Real) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@23 (T@U) Real)
-(declare-fun $generated@@30 () Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@31 (T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@32 (T@T T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@33 () T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@34 (T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@35 (T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@36 (T@T T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@37 (T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@38 (T@T T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@39 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@40 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@41 (T@T T@T T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@42 () T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@43 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@44 (T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@45 (T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@46 (T@T T@T) T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@47 () T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@48 (T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@49 (T@T) T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@18 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@19 (Bool) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@20 (T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@21 (Int) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@22 (T@U) Int)
+(declare-fun $generated@@23 (Real) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@24 (T@U) Real)
+(declare-fun $generated@@31 () Int)
+(declare-fun $generated@@32 (T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@33 (T@T T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@34 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@35 (T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@36 (T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@37 (T@T T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@38 (T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@39 (T@T T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@40 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@41 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@42 (T@T T@T T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@43 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@44 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@45 (T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@46 (T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@47 (T@T T@T) T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@48 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@49 (T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@50 (T@T) T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@77 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@78 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@79 (T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@87 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@51 (T@T) T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@78 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@79 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@80 (T@U T@U) T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@88 () T@T)
 (declare-fun $generated@@89 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@90 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@91 (T@T T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@92 () T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@95 (T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@100 (T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@104 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@93 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@94 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@95 (T@T T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@96 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@99 (T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@104 (T@U T@U) Bool)
 (declare-fun $generated@@108 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@114 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@115 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@116 (T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@117 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@123 (T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@129 (T@T T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@135 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@138 (T@T T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@139 () T@T)
-(declare-fun $generated@@148 (T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
-(declare-fun $generated@@169 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@170 (T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@171 (T@T T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@172 (T@T T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@212 (Bool) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@215 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@266 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@269 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@112 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@118 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@119 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@120 (T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@121 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@127 (T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@133 (T@T T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@139 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@142 (T@T T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@143 () T@T)
+(declare-fun $generated@@152 (T@U T@U T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@173 (T@U T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@174 (T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@175 (T@T T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@176 (T@T T@T T@T T@U T@U T@U T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@218 (Bool) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@221 (T@U) T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@272 (T@U) T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@275 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@280 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@283 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@291 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@293 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@295 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@300 (T@U) Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@308 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@322 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@324 (T@U T@U T@U Bool) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@331 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@406 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@410 (T@U) T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@414 (T@U Bool) T@U)
-(assert  (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (= ($generated@@14 $generated@@15) 0) (= ($generated@@14 $generated@@16) 1)) (= ($generated@@14 $generated@@17) 2)) (forall (($generated@@24 Bool) ) (! (= ($generated@@19 ($generated@@18 $generated@@24)) $generated@@24)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@18 $generated@@24))
-))) (forall (($generated@@25 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@18 ($generated@@19 $generated@@25)) $generated@@25)
+(declare-fun $generated@@278 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@281 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@286 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@289 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@297 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@299 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@301 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@306 (T@U) Int)
+(declare-fun $generated@@314 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@328 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@330 (T@U T@U T@U Bool) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@337 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@412 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@416 (T@U) T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@420 (T@U Bool) T@U)
+(assert  (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (= ($generated@@15 $generated@@16) 0) (= ($generated@@15 $generated@@17) 1)) (= ($generated@@15 $generated@@18) 2)) (forall (($generated@@25 Bool) ) (! (= ($generated@@20 ($generated@@19 $generated@@25)) $generated@@25)
  :pattern ( ($generated@@19 $generated@@25))
-))) (forall (($generated@@26 Int) ) (! (= ($generated@@21 ($generated@@20 $generated@@26)) $generated@@26)
+))) (forall (($generated@@26 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@19 ($generated@@20 $generated@@26)) $generated@@26)
  :pattern ( ($generated@@20 $generated@@26))
-))) (forall (($generated@@27 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@20 ($generated@@21 $generated@@27)) $generated@@27)
+))) (forall (($generated@@27 Int) ) (! (= ($generated@@22 ($generated@@21 $generated@@27)) $generated@@27)
  :pattern ( ($generated@@21 $generated@@27))
-))) (forall (($generated@@28 Real) ) (! (= ($generated@@23 ($generated@@22 $generated@@28)) $generated@@28)
+))) (forall (($generated@@28 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@21 ($generated@@22 $generated@@28)) $generated@@28)
  :pattern ( ($generated@@22 $generated@@28))
-))) (forall (($generated@@29 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@22 ($generated@@23 $generated@@29)) $generated@@29)
+))) (forall (($generated@@29 Real) ) (! (= ($generated@@24 ($generated@@23 $generated@@29)) $generated@@29)
  :pattern ( ($generated@@23 $generated@@29))
+))) (forall (($generated@@30 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@23 ($generated@@24 $generated@@30)) $generated@@30)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@24 $generated@@30))
 ))))
-(assert (distinct $generated $generated@@0 $generated@@1 $generated@@2 $generated@@3 $generated@@4 $generated@@5 $generated@@6 $generated@@7 $generated@@8 $generated@@9 $generated@@10 $generated@@11 $generated@@12 $generated@@13)
+(assert (distinct $generated $generated@@0 $generated@@1 $generated@@2 $generated@@3 $generated@@4 $generated@@5 $generated@@6 $generated@@7 $generated@@8 $generated@@9 $generated@@10 $generated@@11 $generated@@12 $generated@@13 $generated@@14)
 )
-(assert  (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (= ($generated@@14 $generated@@33) 3) (forall (($generated@@51 T@T) ($generated@@52 T@T) ($generated@@53 T@U) ($generated@@54 T@U) ($generated@@55 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@51 $generated@@52 ($generated@@48 $generated@@51 $generated@@52 $generated@@54 $generated@@55 $generated@@53) $generated@@55) $generated@@53)
+(assert  (and (and (and (and (and (and (and (= ($generated@@15 $generated@@34) 3) (forall (($generated@@52 T@T) ($generated@@53 T@T) ($generated@@54 T@U) ($generated@@55 T@U) ($generated@@56 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@52 $generated@@53 ($generated@@49 $generated@@52 $generated@@53 $generated@@55 $generated@@56 $generated@@54) $generated@@56) $generated@@54)
  :weight 0
-))) (forall (($generated@@56 T@T) ($generated@@57 T@T) ($generated@@58 T@U) ($generated@@59 T@U) ($generated@@60 T@U) ($generated@@61 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@60 $generated@@61) (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@56 $generated@@57 ($generated@@48 $generated@@56 $generated@@57 $generated@@59 $generated@@60 $generated@@58) $generated@@61) ($generated@@41 $generated@@56 $generated@@57 $generated@@59 $generated@@61)))
+))) (forall (($generated@@57 T@T) ($generated@@58 T@T) ($generated@@59 T@U) ($generated@@60 T@U) ($generated@@61 T@U) ($generated@@62 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@61 $generated@@62) (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@57 $generated@@58 ($generated@@49 $generated@@57 $generated@@58 $generated@@60 $generated@@61 $generated@@59) $generated@@62) ($generated@@42 $generated@@57 $generated@@58 $generated@@60 $generated@@62)))
  :weight 0
-))) (= ($generated@@14 $generated@@42) 4)) (forall (($generated@@62 T@T) ($generated@@63 T@T) ) (= ($generated@@14 ($generated@@46 $generated@@62 $generated@@63)) 5))) (forall (($generated@@64 T@T) ($generated@@65 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@49 ($generated@@46 $generated@@64 $generated@@65)) $generated@@64)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@46 $generated@@64 $generated@@65))
-))) (forall (($generated@@66 T@T) ($generated@@67 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@50 ($generated@@46 $generated@@66 $generated@@67)) $generated@@67)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@46 $generated@@66 $generated@@67))
-))) (= ($generated@@14 $generated@@47) 6)))
-(assert  (=> (<= 0 $generated@@30) (forall (($generated@@68 T@U) ($generated@@69 T@U) ($generated@@70 T@U) ($generated@@71 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or ($generated@@35 $generated@@68 $generated@@69 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 $generated@@71)) (and (< 0 $generated@@30) (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@70) (and ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 $generated@@71 ($generated@@37 $generated@@68 $generated@@69)) ($generated@@38 $generated@@33 $generated@@71 ($generated@@37 $generated@@68 $generated@@69) $generated@@70))))) (and (forall (($generated@@72 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@72 $generated@@68) (and ($generated@@45 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 $generated@@71)) (=> ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@32 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@43 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 $generated@@71))) $generated@@72)) (and ($generated@@45 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 $generated@@71)) true))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@68 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 ($generated@@40 $generated@@71) $generated@@72))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@43 $generated@@71) $generated@@72))
-)) (= ($generated@@31 $generated@@68 $generated@@69 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 $generated@@71)) (forall (($generated@@73 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@73 $generated@@68) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@32 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@43 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 $generated@@71))) $generated@@73))) ($generated@@39 $generated@@68 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 ($generated@@32 $generated@@47 ($generated@@40 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 $generated@@71))) $generated@@73))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@68 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 ($generated@@40 $generated@@71) $generated@@73))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@43 $generated@@71) $generated@@73))
+))) (= ($generated@@15 $generated@@43) 4)) (forall (($generated@@63 T@T) ($generated@@64 T@T) ) (= ($generated@@15 ($generated@@47 $generated@@63 $generated@@64)) 5))) (forall (($generated@@65 T@T) ($generated@@66 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@50 ($generated@@47 $generated@@65 $generated@@66)) $generated@@65)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@65 $generated@@66))
+))) (forall (($generated@@67 T@T) ($generated@@68 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@51 ($generated@@47 $generated@@67 $generated@@68)) $generated@@68)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@47 $generated@@67 $generated@@68))
+))) (= ($generated@@15 $generated@@48) 6)))
+(assert  (=> (<= 0 $generated@@31) (forall (($generated@@69 T@U) ($generated@@70 T@U) ($generated@@71 T@U) ($generated@@72 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or ($generated@@36 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 $generated@@72)) (and (< 0 $generated@@31) (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@71) (and ($generated@@37 $generated@@34 $generated@@72 ($generated@@38 $generated@@69 $generated@@70)) ($generated@@39 $generated@@34 $generated@@72 ($generated@@38 $generated@@69 $generated@@70) $generated@@71))))) (and (forall (($generated@@73 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@73 $generated@@69) (and ($generated@@46 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 $generated@@72)) (=> ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@33 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@44 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 $generated@@72))) $generated@@73)) (and ($generated@@46 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 $generated@@72)) true))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@40 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 $generated@@71 ($generated@@41 $generated@@72) $generated@@73))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@44 $generated@@72) $generated@@73))
+)) (= ($generated@@32 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 $generated@@72)) (forall (($generated@@74 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@74 $generated@@69) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@33 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@44 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 $generated@@72))) $generated@@74))) ($generated@@40 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 $generated@@71 ($generated@@33 $generated@@48 ($generated@@41 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 $generated@@72))) $generated@@74))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@40 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 $generated@@71 ($generated@@41 $generated@@72) $generated@@74))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@44 $generated@@72) $generated@@74))
 )))))
  :weight 3
- :pattern ( ($generated@@31 $generated@@68 $generated@@69 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 $generated@@71)) ($generated@@34 $generated@@70))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@32 $generated@@69 $generated@@70 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 $generated@@72)) ($generated@@35 $generated@@71))
 ))))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@74 T@U) ($generated@@75 T@U) ($generated@@76 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 $generated@@76 ($generated@@37 $generated@@74 $generated@@75)) ($generated@@45 $generated@@76))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@76) ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 $generated@@76 ($generated@@37 $generated@@74 $generated@@75)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@75 T@U) ($generated@@76 T@U) ($generated@@77 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@37 $generated@@34 $generated@@77 ($generated@@38 $generated@@75 $generated@@76)) ($generated@@46 $generated@@77))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@46 $generated@@77) ($generated@@37 $generated@@34 $generated@@77 ($generated@@38 $generated@@75 $generated@@76)))
+)))
+(assert (= ($generated@@78 $generated@@79) $generated@@6))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@81 T@U) ($generated@@82 T@U) ($generated@@83 T@U) ($generated@@84 T@U) ($generated@@85 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@81 ($generated@@80 $generated@@82 $generated@@83)) (forall (($generated@@86 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@86 $generated@@84) ($generated@@45 $generated@@86 $generated@@82))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@86 $generated@@84))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@86 $generated@@82))
+))) (forall (($generated@@87 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@87 $generated@@83) ($generated@@45 $generated@@87 $generated@@85))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@87 $generated@@83))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@87 $generated@@85))
+))) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@81 ($generated@@80 $generated@@84 $generated@@85)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@81 ($generated@@80 $generated@@82 $generated@@83)) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@81 ($generated@@80 $generated@@84 $generated@@85)))
 )))
-(assert (= ($generated@@77 $generated@@78) $generated@@5))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@80 T@U) ($generated@@81 T@U) ($generated@@82 T@U) ($generated@@83 T@U) ($generated@@84 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@80 ($generated@@79 $generated@@81 $generated@@82)) (forall (($generated@@85 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@85 $generated@@83) ($generated@@44 $generated@@85 $generated@@81))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@85 $generated@@83))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@85 $generated@@81))
-))) (forall (($generated@@86 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@86 $generated@@82) ($generated@@44 $generated@@86 $generated@@84))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@86 $generated@@82))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@86 $generated@@84))
-))) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@80 ($generated@@79 $generated@@83 $generated@@84)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@80 ($generated@@79 $generated@@81 $generated@@82)) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@80 ($generated@@79 $generated@@83 $generated@@84)))
+(assert (= ($generated@@15 $generated@@88) 7))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@91 T@U) ($generated@@92 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@88 $generated@@91 $generated@@89 $generated@@92) ($generated@@39 $generated@@88 $generated@@91 $generated@@90 $generated@@92))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@88 $generated@@91 $generated@@89 $generated@@92))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@88 $generated@@91 $generated@@90 $generated@@92))
 )))
-(assert ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 $generated@@78 $generated@@87))
-(assert  (and (= ($generated@@14 $generated@@88) 7) (= ($generated@@14 $generated@@92) 8)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@93 T@U) ($generated@@94 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@38 $generated@@88 $generated@@93 $generated@@89 $generated@@94)  (or (= $generated@@93 $generated@@90) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@91 $generated@@15 ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@94 $generated@@93) $generated@@1)))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@88 $generated@@93 $generated@@89 $generated@@94))
+(assert ($generated@@37 $generated@@34 $generated@@79 $generated@@93))
+(assert (= ($generated@@15 $generated@@96) 8))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@97 T@U) ($generated@@98 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@88 $generated@@97 $generated@@90 $generated@@98)  (or (= $generated@@97 $generated@@94) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@95 $generated@@16 ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@98 $generated@@97) $generated@@1)))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@88 $generated@@97 $generated@@90 $generated@@98))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@96 T@U) ($generated@@97 T@U) ($generated@@98 T@U) ($generated@@99 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@99) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@96) ($generated@@38 $generated@@33 $generated@@96 ($generated@@37 $generated@@97 $generated@@98) $generated@@99))) ($generated@@38 $generated@@47 ($generated@@40 $generated@@96) ($generated@@95 $generated@@97 $generated@@98) $generated@@99))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@47 ($generated@@40 $generated@@96) ($generated@@95 $generated@@97 $generated@@98) $generated@@99))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@100 T@U) ($generated@@101 T@U) ($generated@@102 T@U) ($generated@@103 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@103) (and ($generated@@46 $generated@@100) ($generated@@39 $generated@@34 $generated@@100 ($generated@@38 $generated@@101 $generated@@102) $generated@@103))) ($generated@@39 $generated@@48 ($generated@@41 $generated@@100) ($generated@@99 $generated@@101 $generated@@102) $generated@@103))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@48 ($generated@@41 $generated@@100) ($generated@@99 $generated@@101 $generated@@102) $generated@@103))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@101 T@U) ($generated@@102 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@100 $generated@@101 $generated@@102) (forall (($generated@@103 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@19 ($generated@@91 $generated@@15 ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@101 $generated@@103) $generated@@1))) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@91 $generated@@15 ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@102 $generated@@103) $generated@@1))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@102 $generated@@103) $generated@@1))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@105 T@U) ($generated@@106 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@104 $generated@@105 $generated@@106) (forall (($generated@@107 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@20 ($generated@@95 $generated@@16 ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@105 $generated@@107) $generated@@1))) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@95 $generated@@16 ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@106 $generated@@107) $generated@@1))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@106 $generated@@107) $generated@@1))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@100 $generated@@101 $generated@@102))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@105 $generated@@106))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@105 T@U) ($generated@@106 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@36 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@105 ($generated@@104 $generated@@106)) (forall (($generated@@107 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@105 $generated@@107)) ($generated@@44 $generated@@107 $generated@@106))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@105 $generated@@107))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@109 T@U) ($generated@@110 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@37 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@109 ($generated@@108 $generated@@110)) (forall (($generated@@111 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@109 $generated@@111)) ($generated@@45 $generated@@111 $generated@@110))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@109 $generated@@111))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@36 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@105 ($generated@@104 $generated@@106)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@37 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@109 ($generated@@108 $generated@@110)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@109 T@U) ($generated@@110 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@36 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@109 ($generated@@108 $generated@@110)) (forall (($generated@@111 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@109 $generated@@111)) ($generated@@44 $generated@@111 $generated@@110))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@109 $generated@@111))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@113 T@U) ($generated@@114 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@37 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@113 ($generated@@112 $generated@@114)) (forall (($generated@@115 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@113 $generated@@115)) ($generated@@45 $generated@@115 $generated@@114))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@113 $generated@@115))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@36 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@109 ($generated@@108 $generated@@110)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@37 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@113 ($generated@@112 $generated@@114)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@112 T@U) ($generated@@113 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@32 $generated@@113 $generated@@112) $generated@@112)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@32 $generated@@113 $generated@@112))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@116 T@U) ($generated@@117 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@33 $generated@@117 $generated@@116) $generated@@116)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@33 $generated@@117 $generated@@116))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@118 T@U) ($generated@@119 T@U) ($generated@@120 T@U) ($generated@@121 T@U) ($generated@@122 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@120) (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@122 $generated@@118) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@121 ($generated@@79 $generated@@118 $generated@@119)))) (= ($generated@@116 ($generated@@114 $generated@@118 $generated@@119 $generated@@115 $generated@@121 $generated@@122) $generated@@117) ($generated@@116 ($generated@@114 $generated@@118 $generated@@119 $generated@@120 $generated@@121 $generated@@122) $generated@@117)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@118 $generated@@119 $generated@@115 $generated@@121 $generated@@122) ($generated@@34 $generated@@120))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@118 $generated@@119 $generated@@120 $generated@@121 $generated@@122))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@122 T@U) ($generated@@123 T@U) ($generated@@124 T@U) ($generated@@125 T@U) ($generated@@126 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@124) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@126 $generated@@122) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@125 ($generated@@80 $generated@@122 $generated@@123)))) (= ($generated@@120 ($generated@@118 $generated@@122 $generated@@123 $generated@@119 $generated@@125 $generated@@126) $generated@@121) ($generated@@120 ($generated@@118 $generated@@122 $generated@@123 $generated@@124 $generated@@125 $generated@@126) $generated@@121)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@118 $generated@@122 $generated@@123 $generated@@119 $generated@@125 $generated@@126) ($generated@@35 $generated@@124))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@118 $generated@@122 $generated@@123 $generated@@124 $generated@@125 $generated@@126))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@124 T@U) ($generated@@125 T@U) ($generated@@126 T@U) ($generated@@127 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 ($generated@@123 $generated@@126 $generated@@127) ($generated@@37 $generated@@124 $generated@@125))  (and ($generated@@36 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@126 ($generated@@108 $generated@@124)) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@127 ($generated@@95 $generated@@124 $generated@@125))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 ($generated@@123 $generated@@126 $generated@@127) ($generated@@37 $generated@@124 $generated@@125)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@128 T@U) ($generated@@129 T@U) ($generated@@130 T@U) ($generated@@131 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@37 $generated@@34 ($generated@@127 $generated@@130 $generated@@131) ($generated@@38 $generated@@128 $generated@@129))  (and ($generated@@37 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@130 ($generated@@112 $generated@@128)) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@131 ($generated@@99 $generated@@128 $generated@@129))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@37 $generated@@34 ($generated@@127 $generated@@130 $generated@@131) ($generated@@38 $generated@@128 $generated@@129)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@128 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@45 $generated@@128) (= ($generated@@77 $generated@@128) $generated@@7))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@128))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@132 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@46 $generated@@132) (= ($generated@@78 $generated@@132) $generated@@8))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@46 $generated@@132))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@130 T@U) ($generated@@131 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@129 $generated@@131 ($generated@@91 $generated@@131 $generated@@130)) $generated@@130)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@91 $generated@@131 $generated@@130))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@134 T@U) ($generated@@135 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@133 $generated@@135 ($generated@@95 $generated@@135 $generated@@134)) $generated@@134)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@95 $generated@@135 $generated@@134))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@132 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@132) (exists (($generated@@133 T@U) ($generated@@134 T@U) ) (= $generated@@132 ($generated@@123 $generated@@133 $generated@@134))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@132))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@136 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@46 $generated@@136) (exists (($generated@@137 T@U) ($generated@@138 T@U) ) (= $generated@@136 ($generated@@127 $generated@@137 $generated@@138))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@46 $generated@@136))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@136 T@U) ($generated@@137 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@135 $generated@@136) $generated@@137)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 $generated@@15 $generated@@136 ($generated@@91 $generated@@88 $generated@@137))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@135 $generated@@136) $generated@@137))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@140 T@U) ($generated@@141 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@139 $generated@@140) $generated@@141)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 $generated@@16 $generated@@140 ($generated@@95 $generated@@88 $generated@@141))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@139 $generated@@140) $generated@@141))
 )))
-(assert (= ($generated@@14 $generated@@139) 9))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@140 T@U) ($generated@@141 T@U) ($generated@@142 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@138 $generated@@142 $generated@@140 $generated@@141) ($generated@@41 $generated@@139 $generated@@142 $generated@@140 $generated@@141))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@138 $generated@@142 $generated@@140 $generated@@141))
+(assert (= ($generated@@15 $generated@@143) 9))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@144 T@U) ($generated@@145 T@U) ($generated@@146 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@142 $generated@@146 $generated@@144 $generated@@145) ($generated@@42 $generated@@143 $generated@@146 $generated@@144 $generated@@145))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@142 $generated@@146 $generated@@144 $generated@@145))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@143 T@U) ($generated@@144 T@U) ($generated@@145 T@U) ($generated@@146 T@U) ($generated@@147 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@34 $generated@@147) (= ($generated@@38 $generated@@33 ($generated@@123 $generated@@145 $generated@@146) ($generated@@37 $generated@@143 $generated@@144) $generated@@147)  (and ($generated@@38 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@145 ($generated@@108 $generated@@143) $generated@@147) ($generated@@38 $generated@@47 $generated@@146 ($generated@@95 $generated@@143 $generated@@144) $generated@@147))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@33 ($generated@@123 $generated@@145 $generated@@146) ($generated@@37 $generated@@143 $generated@@144) $generated@@147))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@147 T@U) ($generated@@148 T@U) ($generated@@149 T@U) ($generated@@150 T@U) ($generated@@151 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@35 $generated@@151) (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@34 ($generated@@127 $generated@@149 $generated@@150) ($generated@@38 $generated@@147 $generated@@148) $generated@@151)  (and ($generated@@39 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@149 ($generated@@112 $generated@@147) $generated@@151) ($generated@@39 $generated@@48 $generated@@150 ($generated@@99 $generated@@147 $generated@@148) $generated@@151))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@34 ($generated@@127 $generated@@149 $generated@@150) ($generated@@38 $generated@@147 $generated@@148) $generated@@151))
 )))
-(assert ($generated@@34 $generated@@115))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@149 T@U) ($generated@@150 T@U) ($generated@@151 T@U) ($generated@@152 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@148 ($generated@@129 $generated@@152 $generated@@149) $generated@@150 $generated@@151) ($generated@@38 $generated@@152 $generated@@149 $generated@@150 $generated@@151))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@148 ($generated@@129 $generated@@152 $generated@@149) $generated@@150 $generated@@151))
+(assert ($generated@@35 $generated@@119))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@153 T@U) ($generated@@154 T@U) ($generated@@155 T@U) ($generated@@156 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@152 ($generated@@133 $generated@@156 $generated@@153) $generated@@154 $generated@@155) ($generated@@39 $generated@@156 $generated@@153 $generated@@154 $generated@@155))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@152 ($generated@@133 $generated@@156 $generated@@153) $generated@@154 $generated@@155))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@153 T@U) ($generated@@154 T@U) ($generated@@155 T@U) ($generated@@156 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@100 $generated@@153 $generated@@154) (=> ($generated@@148 $generated@@155 $generated@@156 $generated@@153) ($generated@@148 $generated@@155 $generated@@156 $generated@@154)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@100 $generated@@153 $generated@@154) ($generated@@148 $generated@@155 $generated@@156 $generated@@153))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@157 T@U) ($generated@@158 T@U) ($generated@@159 T@U) ($generated@@160 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@104 $generated@@157 $generated@@158) (=> ($generated@@152 $generated@@159 $generated@@160 $generated@@157) ($generated@@152 $generated@@159 $generated@@160 $generated@@158)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@157 $generated@@158) ($generated@@152 $generated@@159 $generated@@160 $generated@@157))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@157 T@U) ($generated@@158 T@U) ($generated@@159 T@U) ($generated@@160 T@U) ($generated@@161 T@T) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@100 $generated@@157 $generated@@158) (=> ($generated@@38 $generated@@161 $generated@@159 $generated@@160 $generated@@157) ($generated@@38 $generated@@161 $generated@@159 $generated@@160 $generated@@158)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@100 $generated@@157 $generated@@158) ($generated@@38 $generated@@161 $generated@@159 $generated@@160 $generated@@157))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@161 T@U) ($generated@@162 T@U) ($generated@@163 T@U) ($generated@@164 T@U) ($generated@@165 T@T) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@104 $generated@@161 $generated@@162) (=> ($generated@@39 $generated@@165 $generated@@163 $generated@@164 $generated@@161) ($generated@@39 $generated@@165 $generated@@163 $generated@@164 $generated@@162)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@161 $generated@@162) ($generated@@39 $generated@@165 $generated@@163 $generated@@164 $generated@@161))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@162 T@U) ($generated@@163 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@116 $generated@@162 $generated@@163) (forall (($generated@@164 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@162 $generated@@164)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@163 $generated@@164)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@162 $generated@@164))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@163 $generated@@164))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@166 T@U) ($generated@@167 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@120 $generated@@166 $generated@@167) (forall (($generated@@168 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@166 $generated@@168)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@167 $generated@@168)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@166 $generated@@168))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@167 $generated@@168))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@116 $generated@@162 $generated@@163))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@120 $generated@@166 $generated@@167))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@165 T@U) ($generated@@166 T@U) ($generated@@167 T@U) ($generated@@168 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@38 $generated@@47 $generated@@167 ($generated@@95 $generated@@165 $generated@@166) $generated@@168) ($generated@@38 $generated@@47 $generated@@167 ($generated@@79 $generated@@165 $generated@@166) $generated@@168))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@47 $generated@@167 ($generated@@95 $generated@@165 $generated@@166) $generated@@168))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@169 T@U) ($generated@@170 T@U) ($generated@@171 T@U) ($generated@@172 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@48 $generated@@171 ($generated@@99 $generated@@169 $generated@@170) $generated@@172) ($generated@@39 $generated@@48 $generated@@171 ($generated@@80 $generated@@169 $generated@@170) $generated@@172))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@48 $generated@@171 ($generated@@99 $generated@@169 $generated@@170) $generated@@172))
 )))
-(assert  (and (forall (($generated@@173 T@T) ($generated@@174 T@T) ($generated@@175 T@T) ($generated@@176 T@U) ($generated@@177 T@U) ($generated@@178 T@U) ($generated@@179 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@171 $generated@@173 $generated@@174 $generated@@175 ($generated@@172 $generated@@173 $generated@@174 $generated@@175 $generated@@177 $generated@@178 $generated@@179 $generated@@176) $generated@@178 $generated@@179) $generated@@176)
+(assert  (and (forall (($generated@@177 T@T) ($generated@@178 T@T) ($generated@@179 T@T) ($generated@@180 T@U) ($generated@@181 T@U) ($generated@@182 T@U) ($generated@@183 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@175 $generated@@177 $generated@@178 $generated@@179 ($generated@@176 $generated@@177 $generated@@178 $generated@@179 $generated@@181 $generated@@182 $generated@@183 $generated@@180) $generated@@182 $generated@@183) $generated@@180)
  :weight 0
-)) (and (forall (($generated@@180 T@T) ($generated@@181 T@T) ($generated@@182 T@T) ($generated@@183 T@U) ($generated@@184 T@U) ($generated@@185 T@U) ($generated@@186 T@U) ($generated@@187 T@U) ($generated@@188 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@185 $generated@@187) (= ($generated@@171 $generated@@180 $generated@@181 $generated@@182 ($generated@@172 $generated@@180 $generated@@181 $generated@@182 $generated@@184 $generated@@185 $generated@@186 $generated@@183) $generated@@187 $generated@@188) ($generated@@171 $generated@@180 $generated@@181 $generated@@182 $generated@@184 $generated@@187 $generated@@188)))
+)) (and (forall (($generated@@184 T@T) ($generated@@185 T@T) ($generated@@186 T@T) ($generated@@187 T@U) ($generated@@188 T@U) ($generated@@189 T@U) ($generated@@190 T@U) ($generated@@191 T@U) ($generated@@192 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@189 $generated@@191) (= ($generated@@175 $generated@@184 $generated@@185 $generated@@186 ($generated@@176 $generated@@184 $generated@@185 $generated@@186 $generated@@188 $generated@@189 $generated@@190 $generated@@187) $generated@@191 $generated@@192) ($generated@@175 $generated@@184 $generated@@185 $generated@@186 $generated@@188 $generated@@191 $generated@@192)))
  :weight 0
-)) (forall (($generated@@189 T@T) ($generated@@190 T@T) ($generated@@191 T@T) ($generated@@192 T@U) ($generated@@193 T@U) ($generated@@194 T@U) ($generated@@195 T@U) ($generated@@196 T@U) ($generated@@197 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@195 $generated@@197) (= ($generated@@171 $generated@@189 $generated@@190 $generated@@191 ($generated@@172 $generated@@189 $generated@@190 $generated@@191 $generated@@193 $generated@@194 $generated@@195 $generated@@192) $generated@@196 $generated@@197) ($generated@@171 $generated@@189 $generated@@190 $generated@@191 $generated@@193 $generated@@196 $generated@@197)))
+)) (forall (($generated@@193 T@T) ($generated@@194 T@T) ($generated@@195 T@T) ($generated@@196 T@U) ($generated@@197 T@U) ($generated@@198 T@U) ($generated@@199 T@U) ($generated@@200 T@U) ($generated@@201 T@U) ) (!  (or (= $generated@@199 $generated@@201) (= ($generated@@175 $generated@@193 $generated@@194 $generated@@195 ($generated@@176 $generated@@193 $generated@@194 $generated@@195 $generated@@197 $generated@@198 $generated@@199 $generated@@196) $generated@@200 $generated@@201) ($generated@@175 $generated@@193 $generated@@194 $generated@@195 $generated@@197 $generated@@200 $generated@@201)))
  :weight 0
 )))))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@198 T@U) ($generated@@199 T@U) ($generated@@200 T@U) ($generated@@201 T@U) ($generated@@202 T@U) ($generated@@203 T@U) ($generated@@204 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@198 $generated@@199 $generated@@200 ($generated@@170 $generated@@201 $generated@@202 $generated@@203) $generated@@204) ($generated@@171 ($generated@@46 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42)) $generated@@42 $generated@@42 $generated@@201 $generated@@200 $generated@@204))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@169 $generated@@198 $generated@@199 $generated@@200 ($generated@@170 $generated@@201 $generated@@202 $generated@@203) $generated@@204))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@202 T@U) ($generated@@203 T@U) ($generated@@204 T@U) ($generated@@205 T@U) ($generated@@206 T@U) ($generated@@207 T@U) ($generated@@208 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@173 $generated@@202 $generated@@203 $generated@@204 ($generated@@174 $generated@@205 $generated@@206 $generated@@207) $generated@@208) ($generated@@175 ($generated@@47 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43)) $generated@@43 $generated@@43 $generated@@205 $generated@@204 $generated@@208))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@173 $generated@@202 $generated@@203 $generated@@204 ($generated@@174 $generated@@205 $generated@@206 $generated@@207) $generated@@208))
+)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@209 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@209 $generated@@90) (and (= ($generated@@133 $generated@@88 ($generated@@95 $generated@@88 $generated@@209)) $generated@@209) ($generated@@37 $generated@@88 ($generated@@95 $generated@@88 $generated@@209) $generated@@90)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@209 $generated@@90))
+)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@210 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@210 $generated@@89) (and (= ($generated@@133 $generated@@88 ($generated@@95 $generated@@88 $generated@@210)) $generated@@210) ($generated@@37 $generated@@88 ($generated@@95 $generated@@88 $generated@@210) $generated@@89)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@210 $generated@@89))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@205 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@205 $generated@@89) (and (= ($generated@@129 $generated@@88 ($generated@@91 $generated@@88 $generated@@205)) $generated@@205) ($generated@@36 $generated@@88 ($generated@@91 $generated@@88 $generated@@205) $generated@@89)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@205 $generated@@89))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@211 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@211 $generated@@93) (and (= ($generated@@133 $generated@@34 ($generated@@95 $generated@@34 $generated@@211)) $generated@@211) ($generated@@37 $generated@@34 ($generated@@95 $generated@@34 $generated@@211) $generated@@93)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@211 $generated@@93))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@206 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@206 $generated@@87) (and (= ($generated@@129 $generated@@33 ($generated@@91 $generated@@33 $generated@@206)) $generated@@206) ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 ($generated@@91 $generated@@33 $generated@@206) $generated@@87)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@206 $generated@@87))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@212 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@37 $generated@@88 $generated@@212 $generated@@89)  (and ($generated@@37 $generated@@88 $generated@@212 $generated@@90) (or (not (= $generated@@212 $generated@@94)) (not true))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@37 $generated@@88 $generated@@212 $generated@@89))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@37 $generated@@88 $generated@@212 $generated@@90))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@207 T@U) ($generated@@208 T@U) ($generated@@209 T@U) ($generated@@210 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@210) ($generated@@38 $generated@@47 $generated@@207 ($generated@@79 $generated@@208 $generated@@209) $generated@@210)) (forall (($generated@@211 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@148 $generated@@211 $generated@@208 $generated@@210) ($generated@@39 $generated@@208 $generated@@209 $generated@@210 $generated@@207 $generated@@211)) ($generated@@148 ($generated@@169 $generated@@208 $generated@@209 $generated@@210 $generated@@207 $generated@@211) $generated@@209 $generated@@210))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@169 $generated@@208 $generated@@209 $generated@@210 $generated@@207 $generated@@211))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@213 T@U) ($generated@@214 T@U) ($generated@@215 T@U) ($generated@@216 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@216) ($generated@@39 $generated@@48 $generated@@213 ($generated@@80 $generated@@214 $generated@@215) $generated@@216)) (forall (($generated@@217 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@152 $generated@@217 $generated@@214 $generated@@216) ($generated@@40 $generated@@214 $generated@@215 $generated@@216 $generated@@213 $generated@@217)) ($generated@@152 ($generated@@173 $generated@@214 $generated@@215 $generated@@216 $generated@@213 $generated@@217) $generated@@215 $generated@@216))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@173 $generated@@214 $generated@@215 $generated@@216 $generated@@213 $generated@@217))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@47 $generated@@207 ($generated@@79 $generated@@208 $generated@@209) $generated@@210))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@48 $generated@@213 ($generated@@80 $generated@@214 $generated@@215) $generated@@216))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@213 Bool) ($generated@@214 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 $generated@@15 ($generated@@212 $generated@@213) $generated@@214)) $generated@@213)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 $generated@@15 ($generated@@212 $generated@@213) $generated@@214))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@219 Bool) ($generated@@220 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 $generated@@16 ($generated@@218 $generated@@219) $generated@@220)) $generated@@219)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 $generated@@16 ($generated@@218 $generated@@219) $generated@@220))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@216 T@U) ($generated@@217 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@139 $generated@@47 ($generated@@215 $generated@@216) $generated@@217) $generated@@216)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@139 $generated@@47 ($generated@@215 $generated@@216) $generated@@217))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@222 T@U) ($generated@@223 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@143 $generated@@48 ($generated@@221 $generated@@222) $generated@@223) $generated@@222)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@143 $generated@@48 ($generated@@221 $generated@@222) $generated@@223))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@218 T@U) ($generated@@219 T@U) ($generated@@220 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@38 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@218 ($generated@@104 $generated@@219) $generated@@220) (forall (($generated@@221 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@218 $generated@@221)) ($generated@@148 $generated@@221 $generated@@219 $generated@@220))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@218 $generated@@221))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@224 T@U) ($generated@@225 T@U) ($generated@@226 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@39 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@224 ($generated@@108 $generated@@225) $generated@@226) (forall (($generated@@227 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@224 $generated@@227)) ($generated@@152 $generated@@227 $generated@@225 $generated@@226))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@224 $generated@@227))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@218 ($generated@@104 $generated@@219) $generated@@220))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@224 ($generated@@108 $generated@@225) $generated@@226))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@222 T@U) ($generated@@223 T@U) ($generated@@224 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@38 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@222 ($generated@@108 $generated@@223) $generated@@224) (forall (($generated@@225 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@222 $generated@@225)) ($generated@@148 $generated@@225 $generated@@223 $generated@@224))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@222 $generated@@225))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@228 T@U) ($generated@@229 T@U) ($generated@@230 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@39 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@228 ($generated@@112 $generated@@229) $generated@@230) (forall (($generated@@231 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@228 $generated@@231)) ($generated@@152 $generated@@231 $generated@@229 $generated@@230))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@228 $generated@@231))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@222 ($generated@@108 $generated@@223) $generated@@224))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@228 ($generated@@112 $generated@@229) $generated@@230))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@226 T@U) ($generated@@227 T@U) ($generated@@228 T@U) ($generated@@229 T@U) ($generated@@230 T@U) ($generated@@231 T@U) ($generated@@232 T@U) ($generated@@233 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@114 $generated@@226 $generated@@227 $generated@@228 ($generated@@170 $generated@@229 $generated@@230 $generated@@231) $generated@@232) $generated@@233)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@171 ($generated@@46 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42)) $generated@@42 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@231 $generated@@228 $generated@@232) $generated@@233)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@114 $generated@@226 $generated@@227 $generated@@228 ($generated@@170 $generated@@229 $generated@@230 $generated@@231) $generated@@232) $generated@@233))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@232 T@U) ($generated@@233 T@U) ($generated@@234 T@U) ($generated@@235 T@U) ($generated@@236 T@U) ($generated@@237 T@U) ($generated@@238 T@U) ($generated@@239 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@118 $generated@@232 $generated@@233 $generated@@234 ($generated@@174 $generated@@235 $generated@@236 $generated@@237) $generated@@238) $generated@@239)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@175 ($generated@@47 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43)) $generated@@43 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@237 $generated@@234 $generated@@238) $generated@@239)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@118 $generated@@232 $generated@@233 $generated@@234 ($generated@@174 $generated@@235 $generated@@236 $generated@@237) $generated@@238) $generated@@239))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@234 T@U) ($generated@@235 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@116 $generated@@234 $generated@@235) (= $generated@@234 $generated@@235))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@116 $generated@@234 $generated@@235))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@240 T@U) ($generated@@241 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@120 $generated@@240 $generated@@241) (= $generated@@240 $generated@@241))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@120 $generated@@240 $generated@@241))
 )))
-(assert  (=> (<= 0 $generated@@30) (forall (($generated@@236 T@U) ($generated@@237 T@U) ($generated@@238 T@U) ($generated@@239 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or ($generated@@35 $generated@@236 $generated@@237 $generated@@239) (and (< 0 $generated@@30) (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@238) (and ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 $generated@@239 ($generated@@37 $generated@@236 $generated@@237)) ($generated@@38 $generated@@33 $generated@@239 ($generated@@37 $generated@@236 $generated@@237) $generated@@238))))) (and (forall (($generated@@240 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@240 $generated@@236) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@239) (=> ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@43 $generated@@239) $generated@@240)) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@239) true))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@236 $generated@@237 $generated@@238 ($generated@@40 $generated@@239) $generated@@240))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@43 $generated@@239) $generated@@240))
-)) (= ($generated@@31 $generated@@236 $generated@@237 $generated@@239) (forall (($generated@@241 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@241 $generated@@236) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@43 $generated@@239) $generated@@241))) ($generated@@39 $generated@@236 $generated@@237 $generated@@238 ($generated@@40 $generated@@239) $generated@@241))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@236 $generated@@237 $generated@@238 ($generated@@40 $generated@@239) $generated@@241))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@43 $generated@@239) $generated@@241))
+(assert  (=> (<= 0 $generated@@31) (forall (($generated@@242 T@U) ($generated@@243 T@U) ($generated@@244 T@U) ($generated@@245 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or ($generated@@36 $generated@@242 $generated@@243 $generated@@245) (and (< 0 $generated@@31) (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@244) (and ($generated@@37 $generated@@34 $generated@@245 ($generated@@38 $generated@@242 $generated@@243)) ($generated@@39 $generated@@34 $generated@@245 ($generated@@38 $generated@@242 $generated@@243) $generated@@244))))) (and (forall (($generated@@246 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@246 $generated@@242) (and ($generated@@46 $generated@@245) (=> ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@44 $generated@@245) $generated@@246)) (and ($generated@@46 $generated@@245) true))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@40 $generated@@242 $generated@@243 $generated@@244 ($generated@@41 $generated@@245) $generated@@246))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@44 $generated@@245) $generated@@246))
+)) (= ($generated@@32 $generated@@242 $generated@@243 $generated@@245) (forall (($generated@@247 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@247 $generated@@242) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@44 $generated@@245) $generated@@247))) ($generated@@40 $generated@@242 $generated@@243 $generated@@244 ($generated@@41 $generated@@245) $generated@@247))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@40 $generated@@242 $generated@@243 $generated@@244 ($generated@@41 $generated@@245) $generated@@247))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@44 $generated@@245) $generated@@247))
 )))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@31 $generated@@236 $generated@@237 $generated@@239) ($generated@@34 $generated@@238))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@32 $generated@@242 $generated@@243 $generated@@245) ($generated@@35 $generated@@244))
 ))))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@242 T@U) ($generated@@243 T@U) ($generated@@244 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or (not (= $generated@@242 $generated@@244)) (not true)) (=> (and ($generated@@100 $generated@@242 $generated@@243) ($generated@@100 $generated@@243 $generated@@244)) ($generated@@100 $generated@@242 $generated@@244)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@100 $generated@@242 $generated@@243) ($generated@@100 $generated@@243 $generated@@244))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@248 T@U) ($generated@@249 T@U) ($generated@@250 T@U) ) (!  (=> (or (not (= $generated@@248 $generated@@250)) (not true)) (=> (and ($generated@@104 $generated@@248 $generated@@249) ($generated@@104 $generated@@249 $generated@@250)) ($generated@@104 $generated@@248 $generated@@250)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@248 $generated@@249) ($generated@@104 $generated@@249 $generated@@250))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@245 T@U) ($generated@@246 T@U) ($generated@@247 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@245 ($generated@@79 $generated@@246 $generated@@247)) (forall (($generated@@248 T@U) ($generated@@249 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@248) ($generated@@44 $generated@@249 $generated@@246)) ($generated@@39 $generated@@246 $generated@@247 $generated@@248 $generated@@245 $generated@@249)) ($generated@@44 ($generated@@169 $generated@@246 $generated@@247 $generated@@248 $generated@@245 $generated@@249) $generated@@247))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@169 $generated@@246 $generated@@247 $generated@@248 $generated@@245 $generated@@249))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@251 T@U) ($generated@@252 T@U) ($generated@@253 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@251 ($generated@@80 $generated@@252 $generated@@253)) (forall (($generated@@254 T@U) ($generated@@255 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@254) ($generated@@45 $generated@@255 $generated@@252)) ($generated@@40 $generated@@252 $generated@@253 $generated@@254 $generated@@251 $generated@@255)) ($generated@@45 ($generated@@173 $generated@@252 $generated@@253 $generated@@254 $generated@@251 $generated@@255) $generated@@253))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@173 $generated@@252 $generated@@253 $generated@@254 $generated@@251 $generated@@255))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@245 ($generated@@79 $generated@@246 $generated@@247)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@251 ($generated@@80 $generated@@252 $generated@@253)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@250 T@U) ($generated@@251 T@U) ($generated@@252 T@U) ($generated@@253 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@34 $generated@@253) (= ($generated@@38 $generated@@47 $generated@@250 ($generated@@79 $generated@@251 $generated@@252) $generated@@253) (forall (($generated@@254 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@254 $generated@@251) ($generated@@148 $generated@@254 $generated@@251 $generated@@253)) ($generated@@39 $generated@@251 $generated@@252 $generated@@253 $generated@@250 $generated@@254)) (forall (($generated@@255 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@255 $generated@@90)) (not true)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@114 $generated@@251 $generated@@252 $generated@@253 $generated@@250 $generated@@254) ($generated@@129 $generated@@88 $generated@@255)))) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@91 $generated@@15 ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@253 $generated@@255) $generated@@1))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@114 $generated@@251 $generated@@252 $generated@@253 $generated@@250 $generated@@254) ($generated@@129 $generated@@88 $generated@@255)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@256 T@U) ($generated@@257 T@U) ($generated@@258 T@U) ($generated@@259 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@35 $generated@@259) (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@48 $generated@@256 ($generated@@80 $generated@@257 $generated@@258) $generated@@259) (forall (($generated@@260 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@260 $generated@@257) ($generated@@152 $generated@@260 $generated@@257 $generated@@259)) ($generated@@40 $generated@@257 $generated@@258 $generated@@259 $generated@@256 $generated@@260)) (forall (($generated@@261 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@261 $generated@@94)) (not true)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@118 $generated@@257 $generated@@258 $generated@@259 $generated@@256 $generated@@260) ($generated@@133 $generated@@88 $generated@@261)))) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@95 $generated@@16 ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@259 $generated@@261) $generated@@1))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@118 $generated@@257 $generated@@258 $generated@@259 $generated@@256 $generated@@260) ($generated@@133 $generated@@88 $generated@@261)))
 )))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@169 $generated@@251 $generated@@252 $generated@@253 $generated@@250 $generated@@254))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@114 $generated@@251 $generated@@252 $generated@@253 $generated@@250 $generated@@254))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@173 $generated@@257 $generated@@258 $generated@@259 $generated@@256 $generated@@260))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@118 $generated@@257 $generated@@258 $generated@@259 $generated@@256 $generated@@260))
 ))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@47 $generated@@250 ($generated@@79 $generated@@251 $generated@@252) $generated@@253))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@48 $generated@@256 ($generated@@80 $generated@@257 $generated@@258) $generated@@259))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@256 T@U) ($generated@@257 T@U) ($generated@@258 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@44 ($generated@@129 $generated@@258 $generated@@256) $generated@@257) ($generated@@36 $generated@@258 $generated@@256 $generated@@257))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 ($generated@@129 $generated@@258 $generated@@256) $generated@@257))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@262 T@U) ($generated@@263 T@U) ($generated@@264 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@45 ($generated@@133 $generated@@264 $generated@@262) $generated@@263) ($generated@@37 $generated@@264 $generated@@262 $generated@@263))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 ($generated@@133 $generated@@264 $generated@@262) $generated@@263))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@259 T@U) ($generated@@260 T@U) ($generated@@261 T@U) ($generated@@262 T@U) ($generated@@263 T@U) ($generated@@264 T@U) ($generated@@265 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@19 ($generated@@171 ($generated@@46 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42)) $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@263 $generated@@261 $generated@@265)) ($generated@@39 $generated@@259 $generated@@260 $generated@@261 ($generated@@170 $generated@@262 $generated@@263 $generated@@264) $generated@@265))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@259 $generated@@260 $generated@@261 ($generated@@170 $generated@@262 $generated@@263 $generated@@264) $generated@@265))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@265 T@U) ($generated@@266 T@U) ($generated@@267 T@U) ($generated@@268 T@U) ($generated@@269 T@U) ($generated@@270 T@U) ($generated@@271 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@20 ($generated@@175 ($generated@@47 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43)) $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@269 $generated@@267 $generated@@271)) ($generated@@40 $generated@@265 $generated@@266 $generated@@267 ($generated@@174 $generated@@268 $generated@@269 $generated@@270) $generated@@271))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@40 $generated@@265 $generated@@266 $generated@@267 ($generated@@174 $generated@@268 $generated@@269 $generated@@270) $generated@@271))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@267 T@U) ($generated@@268 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@266 ($generated@@79 $generated@@267 $generated@@268)) $generated@@267)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@79 $generated@@267 $generated@@268))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@273 T@U) ($generated@@274 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@272 ($generated@@80 $generated@@273 $generated@@274)) $generated@@273)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@80 $generated@@273 $generated@@274))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@270 T@U) ($generated@@271 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@269 ($generated@@79 $generated@@270 $generated@@271)) $generated@@271)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@79 $generated@@270 $generated@@271))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@276 T@U) ($generated@@277 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@275 ($generated@@80 $generated@@276 $generated@@277)) $generated@@277)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@80 $generated@@276 $generated@@277))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@273 T@U) ($generated@@274 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@272 ($generated@@95 $generated@@273 $generated@@274)) $generated@@273)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@95 $generated@@273 $generated@@274))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@279 T@U) ($generated@@280 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@278 ($generated@@99 $generated@@279 $generated@@280)) $generated@@279)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@279 $generated@@280))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@276 T@U) ($generated@@277 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@275 ($generated@@95 $generated@@276 $generated@@277)) $generated@@277)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@95 $generated@@276 $generated@@277))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@282 T@U) ($generated@@283 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@281 ($generated@@99 $generated@@282 $generated@@283)) $generated@@283)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@282 $generated@@283))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@278 T@U) ($generated@@279 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@77 ($generated@@123 $generated@@278 $generated@@279)) $generated@@7)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@123 $generated@@278 $generated@@279))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@284 T@U) ($generated@@285 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@78 ($generated@@127 $generated@@284 $generated@@285)) $generated@@8)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@127 $generated@@284 $generated@@285))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@281 T@U) ($generated@@282 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@280 ($generated@@37 $generated@@281 $generated@@282)) $generated@@281)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@37 $generated@@281 $generated@@282))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@287 T@U) ($generated@@288 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@286 ($generated@@38 $generated@@287 $generated@@288)) $generated@@287)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@287 $generated@@288))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@284 T@U) ($generated@@285 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@283 ($generated@@37 $generated@@284 $generated@@285)) $generated@@285)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@37 $generated@@284 $generated@@285))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@290 T@U) ($generated@@291 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@289 ($generated@@38 $generated@@290 $generated@@291)) $generated@@291)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@290 $generated@@291))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@286 T@U) ($generated@@287 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@43 ($generated@@123 $generated@@286 $generated@@287)) $generated@@286)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@123 $generated@@286 $generated@@287))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@292 T@U) ($generated@@293 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@44 ($generated@@127 $generated@@292 $generated@@293)) $generated@@292)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@127 $generated@@292 $generated@@293))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@288 T@U) ($generated@@289 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@40 ($generated@@123 $generated@@288 $generated@@289)) $generated@@289)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@123 $generated@@288 $generated@@289))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@294 T@U) ($generated@@295 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@41 ($generated@@127 $generated@@294 $generated@@295)) $generated@@295)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@127 $generated@@294 $generated@@295))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@290 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@36 $generated@@88 $generated@@290 $generated@@89)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@36 $generated@@88 $generated@@290 $generated@@89))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@296 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@37 $generated@@88 $generated@@296 $generated@@90)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@37 $generated@@88 $generated@@296 $generated@@90))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@292 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@291 ($generated@@104 $generated@@292)) $generated@@292)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@292))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@298 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@297 ($generated@@108 $generated@@298)) $generated@@298)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@108 $generated@@298))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@294 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@293 ($generated@@104 $generated@@294)) $generated)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@294))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@300 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@299 ($generated@@108 $generated@@300)) $generated)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@108 $generated@@300))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@296 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@295 ($generated@@108 $generated@@296)) $generated@@296)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@108 $generated@@296))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@302 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@301 ($generated@@112 $generated@@302)) $generated@@302)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@112 $generated@@302))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@297 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@293 ($generated@@108 $generated@@297)) $generated@@0)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@108 $generated@@297))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@303 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@299 ($generated@@112 $generated@@303)) $generated@@0)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@112 $generated@@303))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@298 T@U) ($generated@@299 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@91 $generated@@299 ($generated@@129 $generated@@299 $generated@@298)) $generated@@298)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@129 $generated@@299 $generated@@298))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@304 T@U) ($generated@@305 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@95 $generated@@305 ($generated@@133 $generated@@305 $generated@@304)) $generated@@304)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@305 $generated@@304))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@301 T@U) ($generated@@302 T@U) ($generated@@303 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@301 ($generated@@129 $generated@@33 $generated@@303))) (< ($generated@@300 $generated@@303) ($generated@@300 ($generated@@123 $generated@@301 $generated@@302))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@301 ($generated@@129 $generated@@33 $generated@@303)) ($generated@@123 $generated@@301 $generated@@302))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@307 T@U) ($generated@@308 T@U) ($generated@@309 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@307 ($generated@@133 $generated@@34 $generated@@309))) (< ($generated@@306 $generated@@309) ($generated@@306 ($generated@@127 $generated@@307 $generated@@308))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@307 ($generated@@133 $generated@@34 $generated@@309)) ($generated@@127 $generated@@307 $generated@@308))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@304 T@U) ($generated@@305 T@U) ($generated@@306 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@306 ($generated@@95 $generated@@304 $generated@@305))  (and ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@306 ($generated@@79 $generated@@304 $generated@@305)) (forall (($generated@@307 T@U) )  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@307 $generated@@304) ($generated@@116 ($generated@@114 $generated@@304 $generated@@305 $generated@@115 $generated@@306 $generated@@307) $generated@@117)))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@306 ($generated@@95 $generated@@304 $generated@@305)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@310 T@U) ($generated@@311 T@U) ($generated@@312 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@312 ($generated@@99 $generated@@310 $generated@@311))  (and ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@312 ($generated@@80 $generated@@310 $generated@@311)) (forall (($generated@@313 T@U) )  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@313 $generated@@310) ($generated@@120 ($generated@@118 $generated@@310 $generated@@311 $generated@@119 $generated@@312 $generated@@313) $generated@@121)))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@312 ($generated@@99 $generated@@310 $generated@@311)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@309 T@U) ($generated@@310 T@U) ($generated@@311 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@138 $generated@@311 $generated@@309 ($generated@@308 $generated@@310)) ($generated@@138 $generated@@311 $generated@@309 $generated@@310))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@138 $generated@@311 $generated@@309 ($generated@@308 $generated@@310)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@315 T@U) ($generated@@316 T@U) ($generated@@317 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@142 $generated@@317 $generated@@315 ($generated@@314 $generated@@316)) ($generated@@142 $generated@@317 $generated@@315 $generated@@316))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@142 $generated@@317 $generated@@315 ($generated@@314 $generated@@316)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@312 T@U) ($generated@@313 T@U) ($generated@@314 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@314 ($generated@@79 $generated@@312 $generated@@313)) (and (= ($generated@@129 $generated@@47 ($generated@@91 $generated@@47 $generated@@314)) $generated@@314) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 ($generated@@91 $generated@@47 $generated@@314) ($generated@@79 $generated@@312 $generated@@313))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@314 ($generated@@79 $generated@@312 $generated@@313)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@318 T@U) ($generated@@319 T@U) ($generated@@320 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@320 ($generated@@80 $generated@@318 $generated@@319)) (and (= ($generated@@133 $generated@@48 ($generated@@95 $generated@@48 $generated@@320)) $generated@@320) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 ($generated@@95 $generated@@48 $generated@@320) ($generated@@80 $generated@@318 $generated@@319))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@320 ($generated@@80 $generated@@318 $generated@@319)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@315 T@U) ($generated@@316 T@U) ($generated@@317 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@317 ($generated@@95 $generated@@315 $generated@@316)) (and (= ($generated@@129 $generated@@47 ($generated@@91 $generated@@47 $generated@@317)) $generated@@317) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 ($generated@@91 $generated@@47 $generated@@317) ($generated@@95 $generated@@315 $generated@@316))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@317 ($generated@@95 $generated@@315 $generated@@316)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@321 T@U) ($generated@@322 T@U) ($generated@@323 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@323 ($generated@@99 $generated@@321 $generated@@322)) (and (= ($generated@@133 $generated@@48 ($generated@@95 $generated@@48 $generated@@323)) $generated@@323) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 ($generated@@95 $generated@@48 $generated@@323) ($generated@@99 $generated@@321 $generated@@322))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@323 ($generated@@99 $generated@@321 $generated@@322)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@318 T@U) ($generated@@319 T@U) ($generated@@320 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@320 ($generated@@37 $generated@@318 $generated@@319)) (and (= ($generated@@129 $generated@@33 ($generated@@91 $generated@@33 $generated@@320)) $generated@@320) ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 ($generated@@91 $generated@@33 $generated@@320) ($generated@@37 $generated@@318 $generated@@319))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@320 ($generated@@37 $generated@@318 $generated@@319)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@324 T@U) ($generated@@325 T@U) ($generated@@326 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@326 ($generated@@38 $generated@@324 $generated@@325)) (and (= ($generated@@133 $generated@@34 ($generated@@95 $generated@@34 $generated@@326)) $generated@@326) ($generated@@37 $generated@@34 ($generated@@95 $generated@@34 $generated@@326) ($generated@@38 $generated@@324 $generated@@325))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@326 ($generated@@38 $generated@@324 $generated@@325)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@321 T@U) ) (!  (not ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@117 $generated@@321)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@117 $generated@@321))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@327 T@U) ) (!  (not ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@121 $generated@@327)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@121 $generated@@327))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@323 T@U) ) (!  (not ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@322 $generated@@323)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 $generated@@322 $generated@@323))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@329 T@U) ) (!  (not ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@328 $generated@@329)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 $generated@@328 $generated@@329))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@325 T@U) ($generated@@326 T@U) ($generated@@327 T@U) ($generated@@328 Bool) ($generated@@329 T@U) ($generated@@330 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@19 ($generated@@171 $generated@@88 $generated@@92 $generated@@15 ($generated@@324 $generated@@325 $generated@@326 $generated@@327 $generated@@328) $generated@@329 $generated@@330))  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@329 $generated@@325)) (not true)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@91 $generated@@15 ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@326 $generated@@329) $generated@@327)))) $generated@@328))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@171 $generated@@88 $generated@@92 $generated@@15 ($generated@@324 $generated@@325 $generated@@326 $generated@@327 $generated@@328) $generated@@329 $generated@@330))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@331 T@U) ($generated@@332 T@U) ($generated@@333 T@U) ($generated@@334 Bool) ($generated@@335 T@U) ($generated@@336 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@20 ($generated@@175 $generated@@88 $generated@@96 $generated@@16 ($generated@@330 $generated@@331 $generated@@332 $generated@@333 $generated@@334) $generated@@335 $generated@@336))  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@335 $generated@@331)) (not true)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@95 $generated@@16 ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@332 $generated@@335) $generated@@333)))) $generated@@334))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@175 $generated@@88 $generated@@96 $generated@@16 ($generated@@330 $generated@@331 $generated@@332 $generated@@333 $generated@@334) $generated@@335 $generated@@336))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@332 T@U) ($generated@@333 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@293 ($generated@@79 $generated@@332 $generated@@333)) $generated@@3) (= ($generated@@331 ($generated@@79 $generated@@332 $generated@@333)) $generated@@10))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@79 $generated@@332 $generated@@333))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@338 T@U) ($generated@@339 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@299 ($generated@@80 $generated@@338 $generated@@339)) $generated@@4) (= ($generated@@337 ($generated@@80 $generated@@338 $generated@@339)) $generated@@11))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@80 $generated@@338 $generated@@339))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@334 T@U) ($generated@@335 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@293 ($generated@@95 $generated@@334 $generated@@335)) $generated@@4) (= ($generated@@331 ($generated@@95 $generated@@334 $generated@@335)) $generated@@11))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@95 $generated@@334 $generated@@335))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@340 T@U) ($generated@@341 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@299 ($generated@@99 $generated@@340 $generated@@341)) $generated@@5) (= ($generated@@337 ($generated@@99 $generated@@340 $generated@@341)) $generated@@12))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@99 $generated@@340 $generated@@341))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@336 T@U) ($generated@@337 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@293 ($generated@@37 $generated@@336 $generated@@337)) $generated@@8) (= ($generated@@331 ($generated@@37 $generated@@336 $generated@@337)) $generated@@13))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@37 $generated@@336 $generated@@337))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@342 T@U) ($generated@@343 T@U) ) (!  (and (= ($generated@@299 ($generated@@38 $generated@@342 $generated@@343)) $generated@@9) (= ($generated@@337 ($generated@@38 $generated@@342 $generated@@343)) $generated@@14))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@342 $generated@@343))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@338 T@U) ($generated@@339 T@U) ($generated@@340 T@U) ($generated@@341 T@U) ($generated@@342 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@340) (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@342 $generated@@338) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@341 ($generated@@79 $generated@@338 $generated@@339)))) ($generated@@116 ($generated@@114 $generated@@338 $generated@@339 $generated@@115 $generated@@341 $generated@@342) $generated@@117)) (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@338 $generated@@339 $generated@@115 $generated@@341 $generated@@342) ($generated@@39 $generated@@338 $generated@@339 $generated@@340 $generated@@341 $generated@@342)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@338 $generated@@339 $generated@@115 $generated@@341 $generated@@342) ($generated@@34 $generated@@340))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@338 $generated@@339 $generated@@340 $generated@@341 $generated@@342))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@344 T@U) ($generated@@345 T@U) ($generated@@346 T@U) ($generated@@347 T@U) ($generated@@348 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@346) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@348 $generated@@344) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@347 ($generated@@80 $generated@@344 $generated@@345)))) ($generated@@120 ($generated@@118 $generated@@344 $generated@@345 $generated@@119 $generated@@347 $generated@@348) $generated@@121)) (= ($generated@@40 $generated@@344 $generated@@345 $generated@@119 $generated@@347 $generated@@348) ($generated@@40 $generated@@344 $generated@@345 $generated@@346 $generated@@347 $generated@@348)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@40 $generated@@344 $generated@@345 $generated@@119 $generated@@347 $generated@@348) ($generated@@35 $generated@@346))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@40 $generated@@344 $generated@@345 $generated@@346 $generated@@347 $generated@@348))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@343 T@U) ($generated@@344 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@343 ($generated@@104 $generated@@344)) (and (= ($generated@@129 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@91 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@343)) $generated@@343) ($generated@@36 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@91 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@343) ($generated@@104 $generated@@344))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@343 ($generated@@104 $generated@@344)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@349 T@U) ($generated@@350 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@349 ($generated@@108 $generated@@350)) (and (= ($generated@@133 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@95 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@349)) $generated@@349) ($generated@@37 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@95 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@349) ($generated@@108 $generated@@350))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@349 ($generated@@108 $generated@@350)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@345 T@U) ($generated@@346 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@44 $generated@@345 ($generated@@108 $generated@@346)) (and (= ($generated@@129 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@91 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@345)) $generated@@345) ($generated@@36 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@91 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@345) ($generated@@108 $generated@@346))))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@44 $generated@@345 ($generated@@108 $generated@@346)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@351 T@U) ($generated@@352 T@U) ) (!  (=> ($generated@@45 $generated@@351 ($generated@@112 $generated@@352)) (and (= ($generated@@133 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@95 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@351)) $generated@@351) ($generated@@37 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@95 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@351) ($generated@@112 $generated@@352))))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@45 $generated@@351 ($generated@@112 $generated@@352)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@347 T@U) ($generated@@348 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@348) ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 $generated@@347 $generated@@87)) ($generated@@38 $generated@@33 $generated@@347 $generated@@87 $generated@@348))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@33 $generated@@347 $generated@@87 $generated@@348))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@353 T@U) ($generated@@354 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@354) ($generated@@37 $generated@@34 $generated@@353 $generated@@93)) ($generated@@39 $generated@@34 $generated@@353 $generated@@93 $generated@@354))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@34 $generated@@353 $generated@@93 $generated@@354))
 )))
-(assert (= ($generated@@293 $generated@@89) $generated@@2))
-(assert (= ($generated@@331 $generated@@89) $generated@@9))
-(assert (= ($generated@@293 $generated@@87) $generated@@6))
-(assert (= ($generated@@331 $generated@@87) $generated@@12))
-(assert (= $generated@@78 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 $generated@@78)))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@349 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@36 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@135 $generated@@349) ($generated@@104 $generated@@89))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@135 $generated@@349))
+(assert (= ($generated@@299 $generated@@90) $generated@@2))
+(assert (= ($generated@@337 $generated@@90) $generated@@10))
+(assert (= ($generated@@299 $generated@@89) $generated@@3))
+(assert (= ($generated@@337 $generated@@89) $generated@@10))
+(assert (= ($generated@@299 $generated@@93) $generated@@7))
+(assert (= ($generated@@337 $generated@@93) $generated@@13))
+(assert (= $generated@@79 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 $generated@@79)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@355 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@37 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@139 $generated@@355) ($generated@@108 $generated@@90))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@139 $generated@@355))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@350 T@U) ($generated@@351 T@U) ($generated@@352 T@U) ($generated@@353 T@U) ($generated@@354 T@U) ($generated@@355 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@100 $generated@@352 $generated@@353) (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@352) ($generated@@34 $generated@@353))) (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@355 $generated@@350) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@354 ($generated@@79 $generated@@350 $generated@@351)))) (forall (($generated@@356 T@U) ($generated@@357 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@356 $generated@@90)) (not true)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@114 $generated@@350 $generated@@351 $generated@@352 $generated@@354 $generated@@355) ($generated@@129 $generated@@88 $generated@@356)))) (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@352 $generated@@356) $generated@@357) ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@353 $generated@@356) $generated@@357))))) (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@350 $generated@@351 $generated@@352 $generated@@354 $generated@@355) ($generated@@39 $generated@@350 $generated@@351 $generated@@353 $generated@@354 $generated@@355)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@100 $generated@@352 $generated@@353) ($generated@@39 $generated@@350 $generated@@351 $generated@@353 $generated@@354 $generated@@355))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@356 T@U) ($generated@@357 T@U) ($generated@@358 T@U) ($generated@@359 T@U) ($generated@@360 T@U) ($generated@@361 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@104 $generated@@358 $generated@@359) (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@358) ($generated@@35 $generated@@359))) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@361 $generated@@356) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@360 ($generated@@80 $generated@@356 $generated@@357)))) (forall (($generated@@362 T@U) ($generated@@363 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@362 $generated@@94)) (not true)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@118 $generated@@356 $generated@@357 $generated@@358 $generated@@360 $generated@@361) ($generated@@133 $generated@@88 $generated@@362)))) (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@358 $generated@@362) $generated@@363) ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@359 $generated@@362) $generated@@363))))) (= ($generated@@40 $generated@@356 $generated@@357 $generated@@358 $generated@@360 $generated@@361) ($generated@@40 $generated@@356 $generated@@357 $generated@@359 $generated@@360 $generated@@361)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@358 $generated@@359) ($generated@@40 $generated@@356 $generated@@357 $generated@@359 $generated@@360 $generated@@361))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@358 T@U) ($generated@@359 T@U) ($generated@@360 T@U) ($generated@@361 T@U) ($generated@@362 T@U) ($generated@@363 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@100 $generated@@360 $generated@@361) (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@360) ($generated@@34 $generated@@361))) (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@363 $generated@@358) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@362 ($generated@@79 $generated@@358 $generated@@359)))) (forall (($generated@@364 T@U) ($generated@@365 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@364 $generated@@90)) (not true)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@114 $generated@@358 $generated@@359 $generated@@361 $generated@@362 $generated@@363) ($generated@@129 $generated@@88 $generated@@364)))) (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@360 $generated@@364) $generated@@365) ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@361 $generated@@364) $generated@@365))))) (= ($generated@@39 $generated@@358 $generated@@359 $generated@@360 $generated@@362 $generated@@363) ($generated@@39 $generated@@358 $generated@@359 $generated@@361 $generated@@362 $generated@@363)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@100 $generated@@360 $generated@@361) ($generated@@39 $generated@@358 $generated@@359 $generated@@361 $generated@@362 $generated@@363))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@364 T@U) ($generated@@365 T@U) ($generated@@366 T@U) ($generated@@367 T@U) ($generated@@368 T@U) ($generated@@369 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@104 $generated@@366 $generated@@367) (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@366) ($generated@@35 $generated@@367))) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@369 $generated@@364) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@368 ($generated@@80 $generated@@364 $generated@@365)))) (forall (($generated@@370 T@U) ($generated@@371 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@370 $generated@@94)) (not true)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@118 $generated@@364 $generated@@365 $generated@@367 $generated@@368 $generated@@369) ($generated@@133 $generated@@88 $generated@@370)))) (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@366 $generated@@370) $generated@@371) ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@367 $generated@@370) $generated@@371))))) (= ($generated@@40 $generated@@364 $generated@@365 $generated@@366 $generated@@368 $generated@@369) ($generated@@40 $generated@@364 $generated@@365 $generated@@367 $generated@@368 $generated@@369)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@366 $generated@@367) ($generated@@40 $generated@@364 $generated@@365 $generated@@367 $generated@@368 $generated@@369))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@366 T@U) ($generated@@367 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@123 ($generated@@32 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@366) ($generated@@32 $generated@@47 $generated@@367)) ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 ($generated@@123 $generated@@366 $generated@@367)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@123 ($generated@@32 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@366) ($generated@@32 $generated@@47 $generated@@367)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@372 T@U) ($generated@@373 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@127 ($generated@@33 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@372) ($generated@@33 $generated@@48 $generated@@373)) ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 ($generated@@127 $generated@@372 $generated@@373)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@127 ($generated@@33 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@372) ($generated@@33 $generated@@48 $generated@@373)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@368 T@U) ($generated@@369 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@129 $generated@@369 ($generated@@32 $generated@@369 $generated@@368)) ($generated@@32 $generated@@42 ($generated@@129 $generated@@369 $generated@@368)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@129 $generated@@369 ($generated@@32 $generated@@369 $generated@@368)))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@374 T@U) ($generated@@375 T@T) ) (! (= ($generated@@133 $generated@@375 ($generated@@33 $generated@@375 $generated@@374)) ($generated@@33 $generated@@43 ($generated@@133 $generated@@375 $generated@@374)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@133 $generated@@375 ($generated@@33 $generated@@375 $generated@@374)))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@370 T@U) ($generated@@371 T@U) ($generated@@372 T@U) ($generated@@373 T@U) ($generated@@374 T@U) ($generated@@375 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@100 $generated@@372 $generated@@373) (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@372) ($generated@@34 $generated@@373))) (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@375 $generated@@370) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@374 ($generated@@79 $generated@@370 $generated@@371)))) (forall (($generated@@376 T@U) ($generated@@377 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@376 $generated@@90)) (not true)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@114 $generated@@370 $generated@@371 $generated@@372 $generated@@374 $generated@@375) ($generated@@129 $generated@@88 $generated@@376)))) (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@372 $generated@@376) $generated@@377) ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@373 $generated@@376) $generated@@377))))) (= ($generated@@114 $generated@@370 $generated@@371 $generated@@372 $generated@@374 $generated@@375) ($generated@@114 $generated@@370 $generated@@371 $generated@@373 $generated@@374 $generated@@375)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@100 $generated@@372 $generated@@373) ($generated@@114 $generated@@370 $generated@@371 $generated@@373 $generated@@374 $generated@@375))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@376 T@U) ($generated@@377 T@U) ($generated@@378 T@U) ($generated@@379 T@U) ($generated@@380 T@U) ($generated@@381 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@104 $generated@@378 $generated@@379) (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@378) ($generated@@35 $generated@@379))) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@381 $generated@@376) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@380 ($generated@@80 $generated@@376 $generated@@377)))) (forall (($generated@@382 T@U) ($generated@@383 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@382 $generated@@94)) (not true)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@118 $generated@@376 $generated@@377 $generated@@378 $generated@@380 $generated@@381) ($generated@@133 $generated@@88 $generated@@382)))) (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@378 $generated@@382) $generated@@383) ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@379 $generated@@382) $generated@@383))))) (= ($generated@@118 $generated@@376 $generated@@377 $generated@@378 $generated@@380 $generated@@381) ($generated@@118 $generated@@376 $generated@@377 $generated@@379 $generated@@380 $generated@@381)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@378 $generated@@379) ($generated@@118 $generated@@376 $generated@@377 $generated@@379 $generated@@380 $generated@@381))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@378 T@U) ($generated@@379 T@U) ($generated@@380 T@U) ($generated@@381 T@U) ($generated@@382 T@U) ($generated@@383 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@100 $generated@@380 $generated@@381) (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@380) ($generated@@34 $generated@@381))) (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@383 $generated@@378) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@382 ($generated@@79 $generated@@378 $generated@@379)))) (forall (($generated@@384 T@U) ($generated@@385 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@384 $generated@@90)) (not true)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@114 $generated@@378 $generated@@379 $generated@@381 $generated@@382 $generated@@383) ($generated@@129 $generated@@88 $generated@@384)))) (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@380 $generated@@384) $generated@@385) ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@381 $generated@@384) $generated@@385))))) (= ($generated@@114 $generated@@378 $generated@@379 $generated@@380 $generated@@382 $generated@@383) ($generated@@114 $generated@@378 $generated@@379 $generated@@381 $generated@@382 $generated@@383)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@100 $generated@@380 $generated@@381) ($generated@@114 $generated@@378 $generated@@379 $generated@@381 $generated@@382 $generated@@383))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@384 T@U) ($generated@@385 T@U) ($generated@@386 T@U) ($generated@@387 T@U) ($generated@@388 T@U) ($generated@@389 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@104 $generated@@386 $generated@@387) (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@386) ($generated@@35 $generated@@387))) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@389 $generated@@384) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@388 ($generated@@80 $generated@@384 $generated@@385)))) (forall (($generated@@390 T@U) ($generated@@391 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@390 $generated@@94)) (not true)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@118 $generated@@384 $generated@@385 $generated@@387 $generated@@388 $generated@@389) ($generated@@133 $generated@@88 $generated@@390)))) (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@386 $generated@@390) $generated@@391) ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@387 $generated@@390) $generated@@391))))) (= ($generated@@118 $generated@@384 $generated@@385 $generated@@386 $generated@@388 $generated@@389) ($generated@@118 $generated@@384 $generated@@385 $generated@@387 $generated@@388 $generated@@389)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@386 $generated@@387) ($generated@@118 $generated@@384 $generated@@385 $generated@@387 $generated@@388 $generated@@389))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@386 T@U) ($generated@@387 T@U) ($generated@@388 T@U) ($generated@@389 T@U) ($generated@@390 T@U) ($generated@@391 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@100 $generated@@388 $generated@@389) (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@388) ($generated@@34 $generated@@389))) (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@391 $generated@@386) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@390 ($generated@@79 $generated@@386 $generated@@387)))) (forall (($generated@@392 T@U) ($generated@@393 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@392 $generated@@90)) (not true)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@114 $generated@@386 $generated@@387 $generated@@388 $generated@@390 $generated@@391) ($generated@@129 $generated@@88 $generated@@392)))) (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@388 $generated@@392) $generated@@393) ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@389 $generated@@392) $generated@@393))))) (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@386 $generated@@387 $generated@@388 $generated@@390 $generated@@391) ($generated@@169 $generated@@386 $generated@@387 $generated@@389 $generated@@390 $generated@@391)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@100 $generated@@388 $generated@@389) ($generated@@169 $generated@@386 $generated@@387 $generated@@389 $generated@@390 $generated@@391))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@392 T@U) ($generated@@393 T@U) ($generated@@394 T@U) ($generated@@395 T@U) ($generated@@396 T@U) ($generated@@397 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@104 $generated@@394 $generated@@395) (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@394) ($generated@@35 $generated@@395))) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@397 $generated@@392) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@396 ($generated@@80 $generated@@392 $generated@@393)))) (forall (($generated@@398 T@U) ($generated@@399 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@398 $generated@@94)) (not true)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@118 $generated@@392 $generated@@393 $generated@@394 $generated@@396 $generated@@397) ($generated@@133 $generated@@88 $generated@@398)))) (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@394 $generated@@398) $generated@@399) ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@395 $generated@@398) $generated@@399))))) (= ($generated@@173 $generated@@392 $generated@@393 $generated@@394 $generated@@396 $generated@@397) ($generated@@173 $generated@@392 $generated@@393 $generated@@395 $generated@@396 $generated@@397)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@394 $generated@@395) ($generated@@173 $generated@@392 $generated@@393 $generated@@395 $generated@@396 $generated@@397))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@394 T@U) ($generated@@395 T@U) ($generated@@396 T@U) ($generated@@397 T@U) ($generated@@398 T@U) ($generated@@399 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@100 $generated@@396 $generated@@397) (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@396) ($generated@@34 $generated@@397))) (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@399 $generated@@394) ($generated@@36 $generated@@47 $generated@@398 ($generated@@79 $generated@@394 $generated@@395)))) (forall (($generated@@400 T@U) ($generated@@401 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@400 $generated@@90)) (not true)) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@41 $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@114 $generated@@394 $generated@@395 $generated@@397 $generated@@398 $generated@@399) ($generated@@129 $generated@@88 $generated@@400)))) (= ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@396 $generated@@400) $generated@@401) ($generated@@41 $generated@@92 $generated@@42 ($generated@@41 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42) $generated@@397 $generated@@400) $generated@@401))))) (= ($generated@@169 $generated@@394 $generated@@395 $generated@@396 $generated@@398 $generated@@399) ($generated@@169 $generated@@394 $generated@@395 $generated@@397 $generated@@398 $generated@@399)))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@100 $generated@@396 $generated@@397) ($generated@@169 $generated@@394 $generated@@395 $generated@@397 $generated@@398 $generated@@399))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@400 T@U) ($generated@@401 T@U) ($generated@@402 T@U) ($generated@@403 T@U) ($generated@@404 T@U) ($generated@@405 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@104 $generated@@402 $generated@@403) (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@402) ($generated@@35 $generated@@403))) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@405 $generated@@400) ($generated@@37 $generated@@48 $generated@@404 ($generated@@80 $generated@@400 $generated@@401)))) (forall (($generated@@406 T@U) ($generated@@407 T@U) )  (=> (and (or (not (= $generated@@406 $generated@@94)) (not true)) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@42 $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@118 $generated@@400 $generated@@401 $generated@@403 $generated@@404 $generated@@405) ($generated@@133 $generated@@88 $generated@@406)))) (= ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@402 $generated@@406) $generated@@407) ($generated@@42 $generated@@96 $generated@@43 ($generated@@42 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43) $generated@@403 $generated@@406) $generated@@407))))) (= ($generated@@173 $generated@@400 $generated@@401 $generated@@402 $generated@@404 $generated@@405) ($generated@@173 $generated@@400 $generated@@401 $generated@@403 $generated@@404 $generated@@405)))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@104 $generated@@402 $generated@@403) ($generated@@173 $generated@@400 $generated@@401 $generated@@403 $generated@@404 $generated@@405))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@402 T@U) ($generated@@403 T@U) ($generated@@404 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@404) (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@402) (exists (($generated@@405 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@38 $generated@@33 $generated@@402 ($generated@@37 $generated@@403 $generated@@405) $generated@@404)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 $generated@@33 $generated@@402 ($generated@@37 $generated@@403 $generated@@405) $generated@@404))
-)))) ($generated@@38 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@43 $generated@@402) ($generated@@108 $generated@@403) $generated@@404))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@38 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@43 $generated@@402) ($generated@@108 $generated@@403) $generated@@404))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@408 T@U) ($generated@@409 T@U) ($generated@@410 T@U) ) (!  (=> (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@410) (and ($generated@@46 $generated@@408) (exists (($generated@@411 T@U) ) (! ($generated@@39 $generated@@34 $generated@@408 ($generated@@38 $generated@@409 $generated@@411) $generated@@410)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 $generated@@34 $generated@@408 ($generated@@38 $generated@@409 $generated@@411) $generated@@410))
+)))) ($generated@@39 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@44 $generated@@408) ($generated@@112 $generated@@409) $generated@@410))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@39 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@44 $generated@@408) ($generated@@112 $generated@@409) $generated@@410))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@407 T@U) ($generated@@408 T@U) ($generated@@409 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@171 ($generated@@46 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42)) $generated@@42 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@406 $generated@@407) $generated@@408 $generated@@409) $generated@@407)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@171 ($generated@@46 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42)) $generated@@42 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) ($generated@@406 $generated@@407) $generated@@408 $generated@@409))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@413 T@U) ($generated@@414 T@U) ($generated@@415 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@175 ($generated@@47 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43)) $generated@@43 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@412 $generated@@413) $generated@@414 $generated@@415) $generated@@413)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@175 ($generated@@47 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43)) $generated@@43 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) ($generated@@412 $generated@@413) $generated@@414 $generated@@415))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@411 T@U) ($generated@@412 T@U) ($generated@@413 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@171 ($generated@@46 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42)) $generated@@42 $generated@@42 ($generated@@410 $generated@@411) $generated@@412 $generated@@413) $generated@@411)
- :pattern ( ($generated@@171 ($generated@@46 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42)) $generated@@42 $generated@@42 ($generated@@410 $generated@@411) $generated@@412 $generated@@413))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@417 T@U) ($generated@@418 T@U) ($generated@@419 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@175 ($generated@@47 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43)) $generated@@43 $generated@@43 ($generated@@416 $generated@@417) $generated@@418 $generated@@419) $generated@@417)
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@175 ($generated@@47 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43)) $generated@@43 $generated@@43 ($generated@@416 $generated@@417) $generated@@418 $generated@@419))
 )))
-(assert (forall (($generated@@415 T@U) ($generated@@416 Bool) ($generated@@417 T@U) ($generated@@418 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@19 ($generated@@171 ($generated@@46 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42)) $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@414 $generated@@415 $generated@@416) $generated@@417 $generated@@418))  (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@418 $generated@@415) $generated@@416))
- :pattern ( ($generated@@171 ($generated@@46 $generated@@88 ($generated@@46 $generated@@92 $generated@@42)) $generated@@42 $generated@@15 ($generated@@414 $generated@@415 $generated@@416) $generated@@417 $generated@@418))
+(assert (forall (($generated@@421 T@U) ($generated@@422 Bool) ($generated@@423 T@U) ($generated@@424 T@U) ) (! (= ($generated@@20 ($generated@@175 ($generated@@47 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43)) $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@420 $generated@@421 $generated@@422) $generated@@423 $generated@@424))  (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@424 $generated@@421) $generated@@422))
+ :pattern ( ($generated@@175 ($generated@@47 $generated@@88 ($generated@@47 $generated@@96 $generated@@43)) $generated@@43 $generated@@16 ($generated@@420 $generated@@421 $generated@@422) $generated@@423 $generated@@424))
 )))
 (push 1)
 (declare-fun ControlFlow (Int Int) Int)
-(declare-fun $generated@@419 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@420 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@421 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@422 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@423 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@424 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@425 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@426 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@427 () T@U)
-(declare-fun $generated@@428 (T@U) Bool)
+(declare-fun $generated@@428 () T@U)
 (declare-fun $generated@@429 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@430 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@431 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@432 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@433 () T@U)
+(declare-fun $generated@@434 (T@U) Bool)
 (set-option :timeout 0)
 (set-option :rlimit 0)
 (set-option :auto_config false)
@@ -1889,19 +1929,19 @@ $generated@@295)))))))))
 (set-option :pp.bv_literals false)
 (set-option :smt.arith.solver 2)
 (assert (not
- (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 0) 14) (let (($generated@@430 true))
-(let (($generated@@431  (=> (and (= ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 $generated@@78) $generated@@78) (= (ControlFlow 0 8) (- 0 7))) false)))
-(let (($generated@@432  (=> ($generated@@19 ($generated@@32 $generated@@15 ($generated@@18 false))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 10) 8) $generated@@431) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 10) 9) $generated@@430)))))
-(let (($generated@@433 true))
-(let (($generated@@434  (=> (and (not ($generated@@19 ($generated@@32 $generated@@15 ($generated@@18 false)))) (= (ControlFlow 0 6) 4)) $generated@@433)))
-(let (($generated@@435  (=> (and (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@419 $generated@@420) ($generated@@148 $generated@@419 $generated@@420 $generated@@421)) (= $generated@@422 ($generated@@324 $generated@@90 $generated@@421 $generated@@1 false))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 11) 10) $generated@@432) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 11) 6) $generated@@434)))))
-(let (($generated@@436  (=> (and (not (and ($generated@@44 $generated@@419 $generated@@420) ($generated@@148 $generated@@419 $generated@@420 $generated@@421))) (= (ControlFlow 0 5) 4)) $generated@@433)))
-(let (($generated@@437  (=> (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@421) (or (= $generated@@423 $generated@@421) ($generated@@100 $generated@@423 $generated@@421))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 12) 11) $generated@@435) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 12) 5) $generated@@436)))))
-(let (($generated@@438  (=> (and (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@420 $generated@@424 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 ($generated@@123 ($generated@@32 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@322) ($generated@@32 $generated@@47 ($generated@@138 $generated@@47 ($generated@@215 ($generated@@170 ($generated@@410 $generated@@425) ($generated@@414 $generated@@420 ($generated@@19 ($generated@@32 $generated@@15 ($generated@@18 false)))) ($generated@@406 ($generated@@135 ($generated@@212 false))))) ($generated@@308 $generated@@426)))))) (= (ControlFlow 0 3) (- 0 2))) ($generated@@35 $generated@@420 $generated@@424 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 ($generated@@123 ($generated@@32 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@322) ($generated@@32 $generated@@47 ($generated@@138 $generated@@47 ($generated@@215 ($generated@@170 ($generated@@410 $generated@@425) ($generated@@414 $generated@@420 ($generated@@19 ($generated@@32 $generated@@15 ($generated@@18 false)))) ($generated@@406 ($generated@@135 ($generated@@212 false))))) ($generated@@308 $generated@@426))))))) ($generated@@19 ($generated@@32 $generated@@15 ($generated@@18 ($generated@@31 $generated@@420 $generated@@424 ($generated@@32 $generated@@33 ($generated@@123 ($generated@@32 ($generated@@46 $generated@@42 $generated@@15) $generated@@322) ($generated@@32 $generated@@47 ($generated@@138 $generated@@47 ($generated@@215 ($generated@@170 ($generated@@410 $generated@@425) ($generated@@414 $generated@@420 ($generated@@19 ($generated@@32 $generated@@15 ($generated@@18 false)))) ($generated@@406 ($generated@@135 ($generated@@212 false))))) ($generated@@308 $generated@@426))))))))))))
-(let (($generated@@439 true))
-(let (($generated@@440  (=> (= $generated@@427 ($generated@@324 $generated@@90 $generated@@423 $generated@@1 false)) (and (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 13) 1) $generated@@439) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 13) 12) $generated@@437)) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 13) 3) $generated@@438)))))
-(let (($generated@@441  (=> (and (and (and ($generated@@34 $generated@@423) ($generated@@428 $generated@@423)) ($generated@@36 $generated@@33 $generated@@429 ($generated@@37 $generated@@420 $generated@@424))) (and (= 1 $generated@@30) (= (ControlFlow 0 14) 13))) $generated@@440)))
-$generated@@441)))))))))))))
+ (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 0) 14) (let (($generated@@435 true))
+(let (($generated@@436  (=> (and (= ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 $generated@@79) $generated@@79) (= (ControlFlow 0 8) (- 0 7))) false)))
+(let (($generated@@437  (=> ($generated@@20 ($generated@@33 $generated@@16 ($generated@@19 false))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 10) 8) $generated@@436) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 10) 9) $generated@@435)))))
+(let (($generated@@438 true))
+(let (($generated@@439  (=> (and (not ($generated@@20 ($generated@@33 $generated@@16 ($generated@@19 false)))) (= (ControlFlow 0 6) 4)) $generated@@438)))
+(let (($generated@@440  (=> (and (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@425 $generated@@426) ($generated@@152 $generated@@425 $generated@@426 $generated@@427)) (= $generated@@428 ($generated@@330 $generated@@94 $generated@@427 $generated@@1 false))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 11) 10) $generated@@437) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 11) 6) $generated@@439)))))
+(let (($generated@@441  (=> (and (not (and ($generated@@45 $generated@@425 $generated@@426) ($generated@@152 $generated@@425 $generated@@426 $generated@@427))) (= (ControlFlow 0 5) 4)) $generated@@438)))
+(let (($generated@@442  (=> (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@427) (or (= $generated@@429 $generated@@427) ($generated@@104 $generated@@429 $generated@@427))) (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 12) 11) $generated@@440) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 12) 5) $generated@@441)))))
+(let (($generated@@443  (=> (and (and ($generated@@36 $generated@@426 $generated@@430 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 ($generated@@127 ($generated@@33 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@328) ($generated@@33 $generated@@48 ($generated@@142 $generated@@48 ($generated@@221 ($generated@@174 ($generated@@416 $generated@@431) ($generated@@420 $generated@@426 ($generated@@20 ($generated@@33 $generated@@16 ($generated@@19 false)))) ($generated@@412 ($generated@@139 ($generated@@218 false))))) ($generated@@314 $generated@@432)))))) (= (ControlFlow 0 3) (- 0 2))) ($generated@@36 $generated@@426 $generated@@430 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 ($generated@@127 ($generated@@33 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@328) ($generated@@33 $generated@@48 ($generated@@142 $generated@@48 ($generated@@221 ($generated@@174 ($generated@@416 $generated@@431) ($generated@@420 $generated@@426 ($generated@@20 ($generated@@33 $generated@@16 ($generated@@19 false)))) ($generated@@412 ($generated@@139 ($generated@@218 false))))) ($generated@@314 $generated@@432))))))) ($generated@@20 ($generated@@33 $generated@@16 ($generated@@19 ($generated@@32 $generated@@426 $generated@@430 ($generated@@33 $generated@@34 ($generated@@127 ($generated@@33 ($generated@@47 $generated@@43 $generated@@16) $generated@@328) ($generated@@33 $generated@@48 ($generated@@142 $generated@@48 ($generated@@221 ($generated@@174 ($generated@@416 $generated@@431) ($generated@@420 $generated@@426 ($generated@@20 ($generated@@33 $generated@@16 ($generated@@19 false)))) ($generated@@412 ($generated@@139 ($generated@@218 false))))) ($generated@@314 $generated@@432))))))))))))
+(let (($generated@@444 true))
+(let (($generated@@445  (=> (= $generated@@433 ($generated@@330 $generated@@94 $generated@@429 $generated@@1 false)) (and (and (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 13) 1) $generated@@444) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 13) 12) $generated@@442)) (=> (= (ControlFlow 0 13) 3) $generated@@443)))))
+(let (($generated@@446  (=> (and (and ($generated@@35 $generated@@429) ($generated@@434 $generated@@429)) (and (= 1 $generated@@31) (= (ControlFlow 0 14) 13))) $generated@@445)))
+$generated@@446)))))))))))))
 ))
 (check-sat)
 (get-info :rlimit)
diff --git a/Source/DafnyPipeline/DafnyPipeline.csproj b/Source/DafnyPipeline/DafnyPipeline.csproj
index 46e2cea83f4..35baf4ddff4 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyPipeline/DafnyPipeline.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyPipeline/DafnyPipeline.csproj
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
     <OutputPath>..\..\Binaries\</OutputPath>
     <DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
     <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+<RollForward>Major</RollForward>
     <PackageLicenseExpression>MIT</PackageLicenseExpression>
   </PropertyGroup>
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime.Tests/CsRuntimeTest.cs b/Source/DafnyRuntime.Tests/CsRuntimeTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..001d5ed93e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime.Tests/CsRuntimeTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,551 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Numerics;
+using System.Threading;
+using Xunit;
+using Dafny;
+
+namespace DafnyRuntime.Tests;
+
+public class RuntimeTest {
+  [Fact]
+  public void TestConcatSequence() {
+    var c = new ConcatSequence<int>(Sequence<int>.FromElements(1, 2), Sequence<int>.FromElements(3, 4));
+    var x = c.ImmutableElements;
+    c.ComputeElements(); // For coverage
+    var left = new ConcatSequence<int>(Sequence<int>.FromElements(1), Sequence<int>.FromElements(2));
+    var tree = new ConcatSequence<int>(left, Sequence<int>.FromElements(3, 4));
+    left.left = null; // For coverage, we simulate multithreading
+    Thread t = new Thread(delegate () {
+      left.right = null;
+      Thread.Sleep(100); // Ensure ComputeElements() does not work immediately
+      left.elmts = new List<int>() { 1, 2 }.ToImmutableArray();
+    });
+    t.Start();
+    var result = tree.ComputeElements(); // Without the thread, will loop forever
+    Assert.Equal(Sequence<int>.FromArray(result.ToArray()), Sequence<int>.FromArray(x.ToArray()));
+  }
+
+  class Dummy { }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void TestSetAndCoverage() {
+    var x = Set<Dummy?>.FromCollectionPlusOne(new List<Dummy?>() { new Dummy(), null }, new Dummy());
+    var y = Set<Dummy?>.FromCollectionPlusOne(new List<Dummy?>() { new Dummy(), new Dummy() }, new Dummy());
+    var z = Set<Dummy?>.FromCollectionPlusOne(new List<Dummy?>() { new Dummy(), new Dummy() }, null);
+    Assert.Equal(3, x.Count);
+    Assert.Equal(3, y.Count);
+    Assert.Equal(3, z.Count);
+    Assert.Equal(3, x.LongCount);
+    Assert.Equal(3, y.LongCount);
+    Assert.Equal(3, z.LongCount);
+    Assert.Equal(8, x.AllSubsets.ToList().Count);
+    Assert.Equal(8, y.AllSubsets.ToList().Count);
+    Assert.Equal(8, z.AllSubsets.ToList().Count);
+    Dafny.ISet<Dummy?>? n = null;
+    Assert.False(x.Equals(n));
+    object? nObject = null;
+    Assert.False(x.Equals(nObject));
+    Assert.False(x.EqualsAux(n));
+    Assert.NotEqual(0, x.GetHashCode());
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void TestMapAndCoverage() {
+    Map<Dummy?, Dummy?>? n = null;
+    var x = Map<Dummy?, Dummy?>.FromElements(
+      new Pair<Dummy, Dummy>(new Dummy(), new Dummy()),
+      new Pair<Dummy?, Dummy>(null, new Dummy()),
+      new Pair<Dummy, Dummy?>(new Dummy(), null));
+
+    var nn = Map<Dummy?, Dummy?>.FromElements(
+      new Pair<Dummy, Dummy>(new Dummy(), new Dummy()));
+    Assert.Equal(3, x.Count);
+    Assert.Equal(3, x.LongCount);
+    Assert.Equal(1, nn.Count);
+    Assert.Equal(1, nn.LongCount);
+    Assert.False(nn.Equals(n));
+
+    var oo = Map<object?, object?>.FromElements(
+      new Pair<Dummy, Dummy>(new Dummy(), new Dummy()),
+      new Pair<Dummy?, Dummy>(null, new Dummy()),
+      new Pair<Dummy, Dummy?>(new Dummy(), null));
+    Assert.True(oo.EqualsObjObj(oo));
+    // TBC
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void TestHaltException() {
+    var x = new HaltException("Test failed");
+    Assert.Equal("Test failed", x.Message);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void RuneTest() {
+    Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => new Rune(0xD801));
+    Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => new Rune(0x11_0000));
+    Assert.False(new Rune(65).Equals(null));
+    Assert.True(new Rune(65).Equals(new Rune(65)));
+    Assert.Equal(-1, new Rune(65).CompareTo(new Rune(66)));
+    Assert.Equal(0, new Rune(65).CompareTo(new Rune(65)));
+    Assert.Equal(1, new Rune(65).CompareTo(new Rune(64)));
+    IComparable c = new Rune(65);
+    Assert.Equal(1, c.CompareTo(null));
+    Assert.Equal(0, c.CompareTo(new Rune(65)));
+    Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => c.CompareTo("abc"));
+    var input = "\uD800"; // High surrogate but no low surrogate afterward
+    Assert.Throws<IndexOutOfRangeException>(() => Rune.Enumerate(input).ToList());
+    input = "\uDC00"; // Low surrogate
+    Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => Rune.Enumerate(input).ToList());
+    input = "\uD800\uD800"; // High surrogate twice
+    Assert.Throws<ArgumentException>(() => Rune.Enumerate(input).ToList());
+  }
+
+  // The code below was partially generated by ChatGPT and reviewed manually. To regenerate this code, provide ChatGPT or any performant LLM with the first three tests and ask to generate the remaining.
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone0() {
+    Func<int> originalFunc = () => 42;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone(i => i.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("42", clonedFunc());
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone1() {
+    Func<int, double> originalFunc = x => x * 2.5;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, double, string, string>(int.Parse, d => d.ToString("F2"));
+    Assert.Equal("5.00", clonedFunc("2"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone2() {
+    Func<int, int, int> originalFunc = (x, y) => x + y;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("7", clonedFunc("3", "4"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone3() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (x, y, z) => x + y + z;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("10", clonedFunc("2", "3", "5"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone4() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d) => a + b + c + d;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("10", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone5() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e) => a + b + c + d + e;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("15", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone6() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f) => a + b + c + d + e + f;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("21", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone7() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) => a + b + c + d + e + f + g;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("28", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone8() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) => a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("36", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone9() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) => a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("45", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone10() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) => a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i + j;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("55", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone11() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) => a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("66", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone12() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) => a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("78", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone13() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) => a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l + m;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("91", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone14() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) => a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l + m + n;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("105", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone15() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) => a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l + m + n + o;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, sum => sum.ToString());
+    Assert.Equal("120", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15"));
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void DowncastClone16() {
+    Func<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int> originalFunc = (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p) => a + b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l + m + n + o + p;
+    var clonedFunc = originalFunc.DowncastClone<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>(
+        int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse,
+        int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse, int.Parse,
+        sum => sum.ToString()
+    );
+    Assert.Equal("136", clonedFunc("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "16"));
+  }
+
+
+  // The code was partially generated by ChatGPT and reviewed manually. To regenerate this code, provide ChatGPT or any performant LLM with the first three tests and ask to generate the remaining
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray1Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray1('a',
+      new BigInteger(2));
+    Assert.Equal(2, a.Length);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray2Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray2('a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2));
+    for (var i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 1 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray3Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray3('a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2));
+    for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 2 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray4Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray4(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 3 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray5Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray5(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 4 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray6Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray6(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 5 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray7Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray7(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 6 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray8Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray8(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 7 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray9Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray9(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 8 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray10Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray10(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 9 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray11Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray11(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 10 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray12Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray12(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 11 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray13Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray13(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 13; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 12 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray14Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray14(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 14; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 13 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray15Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray15(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 14 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+
+  [Fact]
+  public void InitNewArray16Test() {
+    var a = ArrayHelpers.InitNewArray16(
+      'a',
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(1),
+      new BigInteger(2)
+    );
+    for (var i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+      Assert.Equal(i == 15 ? 2 : 1, a.GetLength(i));
+    }
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+    Assert.Equal('a', a[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime.Tests/TupleTest.cs b/Source/DafnyRuntime.Tests/TupleTest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8373de145fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime.Tests/TupleTest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,824 @@
+using System;
+using Xunit;
+using Dafny;
+
+namespace DafnyRuntime.Tests {
+  public class TupleTests {
+
+    public Func<int, string> C = (int i) => i.ToString();
+    public Func<int, int> I = (int i) => i;
+    public Dafny.TypeDescriptor<int> D = new Dafny.TypeDescriptor<int>(0);
+
+    // The code below was partially generated by ChatGPT and reviewed manually. To regenerate this code, provide ChatGPT or any performant LLM with the first three tests and ask to generate the remaining.
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple0() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple0();
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      Assert.True(t.Equals(new _System.Tuple0()));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone());
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("()", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple0.Default());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple0.create____hMake0());
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple0.create(), _System.Tuple0._TypeDescriptor().Default());
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple1() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple1<int>(0);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 1; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 1, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple1<int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple1<string>("0"), t.DowncastClone(C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple1<int>.Default(0));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple1<int>.create____hMake1(0));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple1<int>.create(0), _System.Tuple1<int>._TypeDescriptor(D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple2() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple2<int, int>(0, 1);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 2; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 2, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple2<int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple2<string, string>("0", "1"), t.DowncastClone(C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple2<int, int>.Default(0, 1));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple2<int, int>.create____hMake2(0, 1));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple2<int, int>.create(0, 0), _System.Tuple2<int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+    }
+
+    // I am grateful for LLMs to generate all these tests.
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple3() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple3<int, int, int>(0, 1, 2);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 3; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 3, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple3<int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple3<string, string, string>("0", "1", "2"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple3<int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple3<int, int, int>.create____hMake3(0, 1, 2));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple3<int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0),
+        _System.Tuple3<int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple4() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple4<int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 4; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 4, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple4<int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple4<string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple4<int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple4<int, int, int, int>.create____hMake4(0, 1, 2, 3));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple4<int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0),
+        _System.Tuple4<int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple5() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple5<int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 5; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 5, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple5<int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple5<string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple5<int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple5<int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake5(0, 1, 2, 3, 4));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple5<int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+        _System.Tuple5<int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple6() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple6<int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 6; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 6, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple6<int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple6<string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple6<int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple6<int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake6(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple6<int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+        _System.Tuple6<int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple7() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple7<int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 7; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 7, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple7<int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple7<string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple7<int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple7<int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake7(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple7<int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+        _System.Tuple7<int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple8() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple8<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 8; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 8, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple8<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple8<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple8<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple8<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake8(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple8<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple8<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple9() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple9<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 9; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 9, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple9<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple9<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple9<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple9<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake9(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple9<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple9<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple10() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple10<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 10; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 10, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple10<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple10<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple10<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple10<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake10(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple10<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple10<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple11() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple11<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 11; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 11, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple11<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9,
+            i <= 10 ? 11 : 10)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple11<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple11<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple11<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake11(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple11<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple11<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+      Assert.Equal(10, t.dtor__10);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple12() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple12<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 12; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 12, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple12<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9,
+            i <= 10 ? 11 : 10,
+            i <= 11 ? 12 : 11)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple12<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple12<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple12<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake12(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple12<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple12<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+      Assert.Equal(10, t.dtor__10);
+      Assert.Equal(11, t.dtor__11);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple13() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple13<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 13; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 13, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple13<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9,
+            i <= 10 ? 11 : 10,
+            i <= 11 ? 12 : 11,
+            i <= 12 ? 13 : 12)));
+      }
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple13<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple13<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple13<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake13(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple13<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple13<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+      Assert.Equal(10, t.dtor__10);
+      Assert.Equal(11, t.dtor__11);
+      Assert.Equal(12, t.dtor__12);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple14() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple14<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 14; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 14, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple14<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9,
+            i <= 10 ? 11 : 10,
+            i <= 11 ? 12 : 11,
+            i <= 12 ? 13 : 12,
+            i <= 13 ? 14 : 13)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple14<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple14<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple14<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake14(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple14<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple14<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+      Assert.Equal(10, t.dtor__10);
+      Assert.Equal(11, t.dtor__11);
+      Assert.Equal(12, t.dtor__12);
+      Assert.Equal(13, t.dtor__13);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple15() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple15<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 15; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 15, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple15<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9,
+            i <= 10 ? 11 : 10,
+            i <= 11 ? 12 : 11,
+            i <= 12 ? 13 : 12,
+            i <= 13 ? 14 : 13,
+            i <= 14 ? 15 : 14)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple15<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple15<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple15<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake15(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple15<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple15<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+      Assert.Equal(10, t.dtor__10);
+      Assert.Equal(11, t.dtor__11);
+      Assert.Equal(12, t.dtor__12);
+      Assert.Equal(13, t.dtor__13);
+      Assert.Equal(14, t.dtor__14);
+    }
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple16() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple16<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 16; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 16, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple16<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9,
+            i <= 10 ? 11 : 10,
+            i <= 11 ? 12 : 11,
+            i <= 12 ? 13 : 12,
+            i <= 13 ? 14 : 13,
+            i <= 14 ? 15 : 14,
+            i <= 15 ? 16 : 15)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple16<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple16<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple16<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake16(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple16<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple16<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+      Assert.Equal(10, t.dtor__10);
+      Assert.Equal(11, t.dtor__11);
+      Assert.Equal(12, t.dtor__12);
+      Assert.Equal(13, t.dtor__13);
+      Assert.Equal(14, t.dtor__14);
+      Assert.Equal(15, t.dtor__15);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple17() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple17<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 17; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 17, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple17<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9,
+            i <= 10 ? 11 : 10,
+            i <= 11 ? 12 : 11,
+            i <= 12 ? 13 : 12,
+            i <= 13 ? 14 : 13,
+            i <= 14 ? 15 : 14,
+            i <= 15 ? 16 : 15,
+            i <= 16 ? 17 : 16)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple17<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "16"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple17<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple17<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake17(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple17<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple17<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+      Assert.Equal(10, t.dtor__10);
+      Assert.Equal(11, t.dtor__11);
+      Assert.Equal(12, t.dtor__12);
+      Assert.Equal(13, t.dtor__13);
+      Assert.Equal(14, t.dtor__14);
+      Assert.Equal(15, t.dtor__15);
+      Assert.Equal(16, t.dtor__16);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple18() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple18<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 18; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 18, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple18<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9,
+            i <= 10 ? 11 : 10,
+            i <= 11 ? 12 : 11,
+            i <= 12 ? 13 : 12,
+            i <= 13 ? 14 : 13,
+            i <= 14 ? 15 : 14,
+            i <= 15 ? 16 : 15,
+            i <= 16 ? 17 : 16,
+            i <= 17 ? 18 : 17)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple18<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple18<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple18<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake18(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple18<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple18<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+      Assert.Equal(10, t.dtor__10);
+      Assert.Equal(11, t.dtor__11);
+      Assert.Equal(12, t.dtor__12);
+      Assert.Equal(13, t.dtor__13);
+      Assert.Equal(14, t.dtor__14);
+      Assert.Equal(15, t.dtor__15);
+      Assert.Equal(16, t.dtor__16);
+      Assert.Equal(17, t.dtor__17);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple19() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple19<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 19; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 19, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple19<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9,
+            i <= 10 ? 11 : 10,
+            i <= 11 ? 12 : 11,
+            i <= 12 ? 13 : 12,
+            i <= 13 ? 14 : 13,
+            i <= 14 ? 15 : 14,
+            i <= 15 ? 16 : 15,
+            i <= 16 ? 17 : 16,
+            i <= 17 ? 18 : 17,
+            i <= 18 ? 19 : 18)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple19<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17", "18"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple19<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple19<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake19(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple19<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple19<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+      Assert.Equal(10, t.dtor__10);
+      Assert.Equal(11, t.dtor__11);
+      Assert.Equal(12, t.dtor__12);
+      Assert.Equal(13, t.dtor__13);
+      Assert.Equal(14, t.dtor__14);
+      Assert.Equal(15, t.dtor__15);
+      Assert.Equal(16, t.dtor__16);
+      Assert.Equal(17, t.dtor__17);
+      Assert.Equal(18, t.dtor__18);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public void TestTuple20() {
+      var t = new _System.Tuple20<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19);
+      Assert.False(t.Equals(null));
+      for (var i = 0; i <= 20; i++) {
+        Assert.Equal(i == 20, t.Equals(
+          new _System.Tuple20<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>(
+            i <= 0 ? 1 : 0,
+            i <= 1 ? 2 : 1,
+            i <= 2 ? 3 : 2,
+            i <= 3 ? 4 : 3,
+            i <= 4 ? 5 : 4,
+            i <= 5 ? 6 : 5,
+            i <= 6 ? 7 : 6,
+            i <= 7 ? 8 : 7,
+            i <= 8 ? 9 : 8,
+            i <= 9 ? 10 : 9,
+            i <= 10 ? 11 : 10,
+            i <= 11 ? 12 : 11,
+            i <= 12 ? 13 : 12,
+            i <= 13 ? 14 : 13,
+            i <= 14 ? 15 : 14,
+            i <= 15 ? 16 : 15,
+            i <= 16 ? 17 : 16,
+            i <= 17 ? 18 : 17,
+            i <= 18 ? 19 : 18,
+            i <= 19 ? 20 : 19)));
+      }
+
+      Assert.Equal(new _System.Tuple20<string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string, string>("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17", "18", "19"), t.DowncastClone(C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C, C));
+      Assert.Equal(t, t.DowncastClone(I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I));
+      Assert.NotEqual(0, t.GetHashCode());
+      Assert.Equal("(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)", t.ToString());
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple20<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.Default(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19));
+      Assert.Equal(t, _System.Tuple20<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create____hMake20(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19));
+      Assert.Equal(_System.Tuple20<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>.create(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0),
+          _System.Tuple20<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int>._TypeDescriptor(D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D).Default());
+      Assert.Equal(0, t.dtor__0);
+      Assert.Equal(1, t.dtor__1);
+      Assert.Equal(2, t.dtor__2);
+      Assert.Equal(3, t.dtor__3);
+      Assert.Equal(4, t.dtor__4);
+      Assert.Equal(5, t.dtor__5);
+      Assert.Equal(6, t.dtor__6);
+      Assert.Equal(7, t.dtor__7);
+      Assert.Equal(8, t.dtor__8);
+      Assert.Equal(9, t.dtor__9);
+      Assert.Equal(10, t.dtor__10);
+      Assert.Equal(11, t.dtor__11);
+      Assert.Equal(12, t.dtor__12);
+      Assert.Equal(13, t.dtor__13);
+      Assert.Equal(14, t.dtor__14);
+      Assert.Equal(15, t.dtor__15);
+      Assert.Equal(16, t.dtor__16);
+      Assert.Equal(17, t.dtor__17);
+      Assert.Equal(18, t.dtor__18);
+      Assert.Equal(19, t.dtor__19);
+    }
+
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/AssemblyInfo.cs b/Source/DafnyRuntime/AssemblyInfo.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0a7798c9929
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/AssemblyInfo.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+[assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("DafnyRuntime.Tests")]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntime.cs b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntime.cs
index ecb24f16fe4..675bd4155e3 100755
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntime.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntime.cs
@@ -1280,8 +1280,8 @@ public override int Count {
   internal class ConcatSequence<T> : Sequence<T> {
     // INVARIANT: Either left != null, right != null, and elmts's underlying array == null or
     // left == null, right == null, and elmts's underlying array != null
-    private volatile ISequence<T> left, right;
-    private ImmutableArray<T> elmts;
+    internal volatile ISequence<T> left, right;
+    internal ImmutableArray<T> elmts;
     private readonly int count;
 
     internal ConcatSequence(ISequence<T> left, ISequence<T> right) {
@@ -1311,7 +1311,7 @@ public override int Count {
       }
     }
 
-    private ImmutableArray<T> ComputeElements() {
+    internal ImmutableArray<T> ComputeElements() {
       // Traverse the tree formed by all descendants which are ConcatSequences
       var ansBuilder = ImmutableArray.CreateBuilder<T>(count);
       var toVisit = new Stack<ISequence<T>>();
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntime.csproj b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntime.csproj
index 2e549c10aa1..336bad0466b 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntime.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntime.csproj
@@ -24,6 +24,26 @@
 
   <ItemGroup>
     <Folder Include="DafnyRuntimeJava\build\libs" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+   <ItemGroup>
+    <InternalsVisibleTo Include="$(MSBuildProjectName).Tests" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Content Update="DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod\dafny\dafny.go">
+      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
+    </Content>
+    <Content Update="DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod\dafny\dafny_test.go">
+      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
+    </Content>
+    <Content Update="DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod\dafny\dafnyFromDafny.go">
+      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
+    </Content>
+    <Content Update="DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod\System_\System_.go">
+      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
+    </Content>
+    <Content Update="DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod\go.mod">
+      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
+    </Content>
   </ItemGroup>
   <PropertyGroup>
     <DafnyRuntimeJar>DafnyRuntimeJava/build/libs/DafnyRuntime-4.6.0.jar</DafnyRuntimeJar>
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeDafny/src/dafnyRuntime.dfy b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeDafny/src/dafnyRuntime.dfy
index 5cf543b6efb..75d93f5348a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeDafny/src/dafnyRuntime.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeDafny/src/dafnyRuntime.dfy
@@ -154,18 +154,18 @@ abstract module {:options "/functionSyntax:4"} Dafny {
       ensures |ret.values| as size_t == size
       ensures forall i | 0 <= i < size :: ret.values[i] == values[i].value
 
-    static method {:extern} Make<T>(length: size_t) returns (ret: NativeArray<T>)
+    static method {:axiom} {:extern} Make<T>(length: size_t) returns (ret: NativeArray<T>)
       ensures ret.Valid()
       ensures fresh(ret.Repr)
       ensures ret.Length() == length
 
-    static method {:extern} MakeWithInit<T>(length: size_t, initFn: size_t -> T) returns (ret: NativeArray<T>)
+    static method {:axiom} {:extern} MakeWithInit<T>(length: size_t, initFn: size_t -> T) returns (ret: NativeArray<T>)
       ensures ret.Valid()
       ensures fresh(ret.Repr)
       ensures ret.Length() == length
       ensures ret.values == seq(length, ((i: nat) requires 0 <= i < length as nat => Set(initFn(i as size_t))))
 
-    static method {:extern} Copy<T>(other: ImmutableArray<T>) returns (ret: NativeArray<T>)
+    static method {:axiom} {:extern} Copy<T>(other: ImmutableArray<T>) returns (ret: NativeArray<T>)
       ensures ret.Valid()
       ensures fresh(ret.Repr)
       ensures ret.values == other.CellValues()
@@ -362,12 +362,12 @@ abstract module {:options "/functionSyntax:4"} Dafny {
 
     ghost predicate Valid()
 
-    static method {:extern} Make(ghost inv: T -> bool, t: T) returns (ret: AtomicBox<T>)
+    static method {:axiom} {:extern} Make(ghost inv: T -> bool, t: T) returns (ret: AtomicBox<T>)
       requires inv(t)
       ensures ret.Valid()
       ensures ret.inv == inv
 
-    method {:extern} Get() returns (t: T)
+    method {:axiom} {:extern} Get() returns (t: T)
       requires Valid()
       ensures inv(t)
 
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ abstract module {:options "/functionSyntax:4"} Dafny {
     // targets, too) relies on the method being an instance method, there's a mismatch.
     // Thus, for now, the best way to proceed seems to be to include the additional type
     // parameter X here.
-    function {:extern} UniqueElements<X(==)>(ghost f: T -> X): set<X>
+    function {:axiom} {:extern} UniqueElements<X(==)>(ghost f: T -> X): set<X>
       requires Valid() /* AND X==T AND f is the identity function, see above */
       ensures UniqueElements(f) == set t | t in Value() :: f(t)
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeDafny/test/dafnyRuntimeFeasibility.dfy b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeDafny/test/dafnyRuntimeFeasibility.dfy
index 9aa10177bd8..7ec05003dea 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeDafny/test/dafnyRuntimeFeasibility.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeDafny/test/dafnyRuntimeFeasibility.dfy
@@ -193,14 +193,14 @@ module {:options "/functionSyntax:4"} FeasibilityImplementation refines Dafny {
       this.value := value;
     }
 
-    method {:extern} Get() returns (t: T)
+    method {:axiom} Get() returns (t: T) // Axiom is needed because this incorrectly inherits {:extern}
       requires Valid()
       ensures inv(t)
     {
       return value;
     }
 
-    method {:extern} Put(t: T)
+    method {:axiom} Put(t: T) // Axiom is needed because this incorrectly inherits {:extern}
       requires Valid()
       requires inv(t)
     {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/README.md b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c7d3a5f15b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod
+
+This directory holds the DafnyRuntimeGo library code compatible with Go modules. We need this apart from the regular
+`DafnyRuntimeGo` because the compiler supports generating code in both formats - GoPath and GoModule. In long term, this
+should be published as an independent Go module: https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/494 .
+
+This has been checked in to provide the library for testing and can serve as source-of-truth for publishing the final
+GoModule. And once compiler has deprecated the support for GoPath, we should remove the existing `DafnyRuntimeGo` and
+drop the `-gomod` from this directory to make it the sole runtime for Go.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/System_/System_.go b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/System_/System_.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..47efbe032b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/System_/System_.go
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// Package _System
+// Dafny module _System compiled into Go
+
+package _System
+
+import (
+	os "os"
+
+	_dafny "github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo/dafny"
+)
+
+var _ _dafny.Dummy__
+var _ = os.Args
+
+type Dummy__ struct{}
+
+// Definition of class Nat
+type Nat struct {
+}
+
+func New_Nat_() *Nat {
+	_this := Nat{}
+
+	return &_this
+}
+
+type CompanionStruct_Nat_ struct {
+}
+
+var Companion_Nat_ = CompanionStruct_Nat_{}
+
+func (*Nat) String() string {
+	return "_System.Nat"
+}
+
+// End of class Nat
+
+func Type_Nat_() _dafny.TypeDescriptor {
+	return type_Nat_{}
+}
+
+type type_Nat_ struct {
+}
+
+func (_this type_Nat_) Default() interface{} {
+	return _dafny.Zero
+}
+
+func (_this type_Nat_) String() string {
+	return "_System.Nat"
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/dafny/dafny.go b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/dafny/dafny.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b6ed0bced5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/dafny/dafny.go
@@ -0,0 +1,3176 @@
+// Copyright by the contributors to the Dafny Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package dafny
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	big "math/big"
+	"os"
+	refl "reflect"
+	"runtime"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+)
+
+func FromMainArguments(args []string) Sequence {
+	var size = len(args)
+	var dafnyArgs []interface{} = make([]interface{}, size)
+	for i, item := range args {
+		dafnyArgs[i] = SeqOfString(item)
+	}
+	return SeqOf(dafnyArgs...)
+}
+
+func UnicodeFromMainArguments(args []string) Sequence {
+	var size = len(args)
+	var dafnyArgs []interface{} = make([]interface{}, size)
+	for i, item := range args {
+		dafnyArgs[i] = UnicodeSeqOfUtf8Bytes(item)
+	}
+	return SeqOf(dafnyArgs...)
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Generic values
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// An EqualsGeneric can be compared to any other object.  This method should
+// *only* return true when the other value is of the same type.
+type EqualsGeneric interface {
+	EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool
+}
+
+// AreEqual compares two values for equality in a generic way.  Besides the
+// refl.DeepEqual logic (to which this method defers as a last resort), the
+// values are handled intelligently if their type is refl.Value or any type that
+// implements the EqualsGeneric interface.
+func AreEqual(x, y interface{}) bool {
+	if IsDafnyNull(x) {
+		return IsDafnyNull(y)
+	}
+	if IsDafnyNull(y) {
+		return false
+	}
+	switch x := x.(type) {
+	case refl.Value:
+		{
+			y, ok := y.(refl.Value)
+			return ok && x.CanInterface() && y.CanInterface() &&
+				AreEqual(x.Interface(), y.Interface())
+		}
+	case EqualsGeneric:
+		return x.EqualsGeneric(y)
+	default:
+		return refl.DeepEqual(x, y)
+	}
+}
+
+func IsDafnyNull(x interface{}) bool {
+	if x == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	v := refl.ValueOf(x)
+	if v.Kind() == refl.Ptr {
+		return v.IsNil()
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func isNil(v refl.Value) bool {
+	switch v.Kind() {
+	case refl.Chan, refl.Func, refl.Map, refl.Ptr, refl.Slice:
+		return v.IsNil()
+	case refl.Interface:
+		return v.IsNil() || v.Elem().IsNil()
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+// String formats the given value using fmt.Sprint, unless it's nil, in which
+// case it formats it as "null" to conform to other languages' output.
+func String(x interface{}) string {
+	if x == nil {
+		return "null"
+	}
+	v := refl.ValueOf(x)
+	if isNil(v) {
+		return "null"
+	}
+	if v.Kind() == refl.Func {
+		return v.Type().String()
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprint(x)
+}
+
+// Print prints the given value using fmt.Print, formatted using String.
+func Print(x interface{}) {
+	fmt.Print(String(x))
+}
+
+// SetFinalizer is a re-export of runtime.SetFinalizer.  Included here so that
+// only this module needs to be imported by every Dafny module.
+func SetFinalizer(x interface{}, f interface{}) {
+	runtime.SetFinalizer(x, f)
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Run-time type descriptors (RTDs)
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// A TypeDescriptor has the ability to produce a default value for an associated type.
+type TypeDescriptor interface {
+	Default() interface{}
+}
+
+func CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(value interface{}) TypeDescriptor {
+	return standardTypeDescriptor{value}
+}
+
+type standardTypeDescriptor struct {
+	defaultValue interface{}
+}
+
+func (rtd standardTypeDescriptor) Default() interface{} {
+	return rtd.defaultValue
+}
+
+// IntType is the RTD for int
+var IntType = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(Zero)
+
+// BoolType is the RTD of bool
+var BoolType = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(false)
+
+// CharType is the RTD of char
+var CharType = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(Char('D')) // See CharType.DefaultValue in Dafny source code
+
+// CodePointType is the RTD of char
+var CodePointType = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(CodePoint('D')) // See CharType.DefaultValue in Dafny source code
+
+// RealType is the RTD for real
+var RealType = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(ZeroReal)
+
+// Int64Type is the RTD of int64.
+var Int64Type = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(int64(0))
+
+// PossiblyNullType is the RTD of any possibly null reference type
+var PossiblyNullType = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor((*interface{})(nil))
+
+// Uint8Type is the RTD of uint8
+var Uint8Type = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(uint8(0))
+
+// Uint16Type is the RTD of uint16
+var Uint16Type = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(uint16(0))
+
+// Uint32Type is the RTD of uint32
+var Uint32Type = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(uint32(0))
+
+// Uint64Type is the RTD of uint64
+var Uint64Type = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(uint64(0))
+
+// SetType is the RTD for sets
+var SetType = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(EmptySet)
+
+// MultiSetType is the RTD for multisets
+var MultiSetType = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(EmptyMultiSet)
+
+// SeqType is the RTD for sequences
+var SeqType = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(EmptySeq)
+
+// MapType is the RTD for maps
+var MapType = CreateStandardTypeDescriptor(EmptyMap)
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Trait parent information
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// Every class gets compiled to have a ParentTraits_ method, which returns the
+// list of Dafny parent traits (including transitive parent traits). This is
+// used to determine, at run time, if a given object satisfies a particular trait.
+// While it is unusual that this information is needed, it is needed in a situation
+// like
+//   var s: set<UberTrait> := ...
+//   // the following line requires run-time check that t (of type UberTrait) is a Trait
+//   var ts := set t: Trait | t in s;
+// A more straightforward situation is the expression
+//   x is Trait
+
+type TraitID struct {
+	dummy byte
+}
+
+type TraitOffspring interface {
+	ParentTraits_() []*TraitID
+}
+
+func InstanceOfTrait(obj TraitOffspring, trait *TraitID) bool {
+	for _, parent := range obj.ParentTraits_() {
+		if parent == trait {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// Use this method to test if an object "p" has a given class type (denoted by the
+// type of "q"). More generally, this method returns true if p and q are of the
+// same type. It is assumed that neither "p" nor "q" denotes a Dafny "null" value.
+
+func InstanceOf(p interface{}, q interface{}) bool {
+	return refl.TypeOf(p) == refl.TypeOf(q)
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Object
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+type Object struct {
+	dummy byte
+}
+
+func New_Object() *Object {
+	_this := Object{}
+	return &_this
+}
+
+func (_this *Object) Equals(other *Object) bool {
+	return _this == other
+}
+
+func (_this *Object) EqualsGeneric(x interface{}) bool {
+	other, ok := x.(*Object)
+	return ok && _this.Equals(other)
+}
+
+func (*Object) String() string {
+	return "object"
+}
+
+func (_this *Object) ParentTraits_() []*TraitID {
+	return [](*TraitID){}
+}
+
+var _ TraitOffspring = &Object{}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Characters
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// A Char is a rune in a wrapper so that we can detect it and treat it
+// distinctly from int32.
+type Char rune
+
+func (char Char) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%c", rune(char))
+}
+
+// AllChars returns an iterator that returns all 16-bit characters.
+func AllChars() Iterator {
+	c := int32(0)
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		if c >= 0x10000 {
+			return -1, false
+		} else {
+			ans := Char(c)
+			c++
+			return ans, true
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+type CodePoint rune
+
+func (cp CodePoint) Escape() string {
+	switch rune(cp) {
+	case '\n':
+		return "\\n"
+	case '\r':
+		return "\\r"
+	case '\t':
+		return "\\t"
+	case '\x00':
+		return "\\0"
+	case '\'':
+		return "\\'"
+	case '"':
+		return "\\\""
+	case '\\':
+		return "\\\\"
+	default:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%c", rune(cp))
+	}
+}
+
+func (cp CodePoint) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("'%s'", cp.Escape())
+}
+
+// AllUnicodeChars returns an iterator that returns all Unicode scalar values.
+func AllUnicodeChars() Iterator {
+	c := int32(0)
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		if c >= 0x11_0000 {
+			return -1, false
+		} else {
+			if c == 0xD800 {
+				// Skip over the surrogates
+				c = 0xE000
+			}
+			ans := CodePoint(c)
+			c++
+			return ans, true
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Slices
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+func sliceEquals(s1, s2 []interface{}) bool {
+	return len(s1) == len(s2) && sliceIsPrefixAfterLengthCheck(s1, s2)
+}
+
+func sliceIsPrefixOf(s1, s2 []interface{}) bool {
+	return len(s1) <= len(s2) && sliceIsPrefixAfterLengthCheck(s1, s2)
+}
+
+func sliceIsProperPrefixOf(s1, s2 []interface{}) bool {
+	return len(s1) < len(s2) && sliceIsPrefixAfterLengthCheck(s1, s2)
+}
+
+func sliceIsPrefixAfterLengthCheck(s1, s2 []interface{}) bool {
+	for i, v := range s1 {
+		if !(AreEqual(v, s2[i])) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func sliceContains(s []interface{}, value interface{}) bool {
+	for _, v := range s {
+		if AreEqual(v, value) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// Iterator returns an iterator over the sequence.
+func sliceIterator(s []interface{}) Iterator {
+	i := 0
+	n := len(s)
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		if i >= n {
+			return nil, false
+		}
+		ans := s[i]
+		i++
+		return ans, true
+	}
+}
+
+func stringOfElements(iter interface{}) string {
+	str := ""
+	sep := ""
+	for i := Iterate(iter); ; {
+		v, ok := i()
+		if !ok {
+			break
+		}
+
+		str += sep
+		str += String(v)
+		sep = ", "
+	}
+	return str
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Iteration
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// An Iterator is a function that can be called multiple times to get successive
+// values, until the second value returned is false.
+type Iterator = func() (interface{}, bool)
+
+// An Iterable can produce an iterator, which we represent as a function which
+// can be called to get successive values.
+type Iterable interface {
+	Iterator() Iterator
+}
+
+// Iterate gets an iterator from a value that is either an iterator or an
+// iterable.
+func Iterate(over interface{}) Iterator {
+	switch over := over.(type) {
+	case Iterator:
+		return over
+	case Iterable:
+		return over.Iterator()
+	default:
+		if refl.TypeOf(over).Kind() != refl.Slice {
+			panic(fmt.Errorf("Not iterable: %v", over))
+		} else {
+			return anySliceIterator(over)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func anySliceIterator(slice interface{}) Iterator {
+	val := refl.ValueOf(slice)
+	n := val.Len()
+	i := 0
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		if i >= n {
+			return nil, false
+		} else {
+			ans := val.Index(i).Interface()
+			i++
+			return ans, true
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Quantifier calculates whether a predicate holds either for all values yielded
+// by an iterator or for at least one.
+func Quantifier(iter interface{}, isForAll bool, pred interface{}) bool {
+	predVal := refl.ValueOf(pred)
+
+	for i := Iterate(iter); ; {
+		v, ok := i()
+		if !ok {
+			return isForAll
+		}
+		if predVal.Call([]refl.Value{refl.ValueOf(v)})[0].Interface() != isForAll {
+			return !isForAll
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// SingleValue produces an iterator that yields only a single value.
+func SingleValue(value interface{}) Iterator {
+	done := false
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		if done {
+			return nil, false
+		} else {
+			done = true
+			return value, true
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// AllBooleans returns an iterator that returns false, then returns true.
+func AllBooleans() Iterator {
+	phase := 0
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		switch phase {
+		case 0:
+			phase = 1
+			return false, true
+		case 1:
+			phase = 2
+			return true, true
+		default:
+			return false, false
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Sequences
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// The sequence type is now defined in dafnyRuntime.dfy instead.
+// These declarations are just filling in the gaps to make sure
+// Dafny.Sequence is a well-behaved Dafny value in this runtime.
+
+// EmptySeq is the empty sequence.
+var EmptySeq = SeqOf()
+
+// Create a sequence from a length and an element initializer
+// This still exists because it's technically difficult
+// for the compiler to coerce the init function to a
+// func (uint32) interface{}.
+func SeqCreate(n uint32, init func(Int) interface{}) Sequence {
+	return Companion_Sequence_.Create(n, func(index uint32) interface{} {
+		return init(IntOfUint32(index))
+	})
+}
+
+func SeqFromArray(contents []interface{}, isString bool) Sequence {
+	arr := GoNativeArray{
+		contents: contents,
+	}
+	result := New_ArraySequence_()
+	result.Ctor__(arr, isString)
+	return result
+}
+
+// SeqOf returns a sequence containing the given values.
+func SeqOf(values ...interface{}) Sequence {
+	// Making a defensive copy here because variadic functions can get hinky
+	// if someone says SeqOf(slice...) and then mutates slice.
+	arr := make([]interface{}, len(values))
+	copy(arr, values)
+	return SeqFromArray(arr, false)
+}
+
+// SeqOfChars returns a sequence containing the given character values.
+func SeqOfChars(values ...Char) Sequence {
+	arr := make([]interface{}, len(values))
+	for i, v := range values {
+		arr[i] = v
+	}
+	return SeqFromArray(arr, true)
+}
+
+func SeqOfBytes(values []byte) Sequence {
+	arr := make([]interface{}, len(values))
+	for i, v := range values {
+		arr[i] = v
+	}
+	return SeqFromArray(arr, false)
+}
+
+// SeqOfString converts the given string into a sequence of characters.
+// The given string must contain only ASCII characters!
+func SeqOfString(str string) Sequence {
+	// Need to make sure the elements of the array are Chars
+	arr := make([]interface{}, len(str))
+	for i, v := range str {
+		arr[i] = Char(v)
+	}
+	return SeqFromArray(arr, true)
+}
+
+func UnicodeSeqOfUtf8Bytes(str string) Sequence {
+	// Need to make sure the elements of the array are CodePoints
+	arr := make([]interface{}, utf8.RuneCountInString(str))
+	i := 0
+	for _, v := range str {
+		arr[i] = CodePoint(v)
+		i++
+	}
+	return SeqFromArray(arr, false)
+}
+
+// Iterator returns an iterator over the sequence.
+// This could be implemented more efficiently
+// in the source Dafny code in the future,
+// by traversing the Sequence node structure rather than
+// forcing the lazy evaluation,
+// but will involve defining an Iterator trait of some kind.
+func SequenceIterator(seq Sequence) Iterator {
+	var i uint32 = 0
+	n := seq.Cardinality()
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		if i >= n {
+			return nil, false
+		}
+		ans := seq.Select(i)
+		i++
+		return ans, true
+	}
+}
+
+// Unfortunately when we want to provide a single common definition
+// for a trait function, we have to take care of the indirection
+// from the concrete structs to the trait implementation ourselves.
+// Ideally there would be a way of telling Dafny
+// an {:extern} trait method will be specifically implemented at the trait level
+// so the compiler could do this for us.
+func (seq *ArraySequence) Iterator() Iterator {
+	return SequenceIterator(seq)
+}
+func (seq *ConcatSequence) Iterator() Iterator {
+	return SequenceIterator(seq)
+}
+func (seq *LazySequence) Iterator() Iterator {
+	return SequenceIterator(seq)
+}
+
+// UniqueElements returns the set of elements in the sequence.
+// This should be in Dafny eventually but for now it's much more efficient
+// and convenient here.
+func (seq *ArraySequence) UniqueElements() Set {
+	return NewBuilderOf(seq).ToSet()
+}
+func (seq *ConcatSequence) UniqueElements() Set {
+	return NewBuilderOf(seq).ToSet()
+}
+func (seq *LazySequence) UniqueElements() Set {
+	return NewBuilderOf(seq).ToSet()
+}
+
+func SequenceString(seq Sequence) string {
+	if seq.IsString() {
+		s := ""
+		// FIXME: Note this doesn't produce the right string in UTF-8,
+		// since it converts surrogates independently.
+		for i := Iterate(seq); ; {
+			c, ok := i()
+			if !ok {
+				break
+			}
+			s += c.(Char).String()
+		}
+		return s
+	} else {
+		return "[" + stringOfElements(seq) + "]"
+	}
+}
+func (seq *ArraySequence) String() string {
+	return SequenceString(seq)
+}
+func (seq *ConcatSequence) String() string {
+	return SequenceString(seq)
+}
+func (seq *LazySequence) String() string {
+	return SequenceString(seq)
+}
+
+func SequenceVerbatimString(seq Sequence, asLiteral bool) string {
+	s := ""
+	if asLiteral {
+		s += "\""
+	}
+	for i := Iterate(seq); ; {
+		c, ok := i()
+		if !ok {
+			break
+		}
+
+		if asLiteral {
+			s += c.(CodePoint).Escape()
+		} else {
+			s += fmt.Sprintf("%c", c.(CodePoint))
+		}
+	}
+	if asLiteral {
+		s += "\""
+	}
+	return s
+}
+func (seq *ArraySequence) VerbatimString(asLiteral bool) string {
+	return SequenceVerbatimString(seq, asLiteral)
+}
+func (seq *ConcatSequence) VerbatimString(asLiteral bool) string {
+	return SequenceVerbatimString(seq, asLiteral)
+}
+func (seq *LazySequence) VerbatimString(asLiteral bool) string {
+	return SequenceVerbatimString(seq, asLiteral)
+}
+
+func (seq *ArraySequence) Equals(other Sequence) bool {
+	return Companion_Sequence_.Equal(seq, other)
+}
+func (seq *ConcatSequence) Equals(other Sequence) bool {
+	return Companion_Sequence_.Equal(seq, other)
+}
+func (seq *LazySequence) Equals(other Sequence) bool {
+	return Companion_Sequence_.Equal(seq, other)
+}
+
+func (seq *ArraySequence) EqualsGeneric(x interface{}) bool {
+	other, ok := x.(Sequence)
+	return ok && Companion_Sequence_.Equal(seq, other)
+}
+func (seq *ConcatSequence) EqualsGeneric(x interface{}) bool {
+	other, ok := x.(Sequence)
+	return ok && Companion_Sequence_.Equal(seq, other)
+}
+func (seq *LazySequence) EqualsGeneric(x interface{}) bool {
+	other, ok := x.(Sequence)
+	return ok && Companion_Sequence_.Equal(seq, other)
+}
+
+func (seq *ArraySequence) ToByteArray() []byte {
+	return ToByteArray(seq)
+}
+func (seq *ConcatSequence) ToByteArray() []byte {
+	return ToByteArray(seq)
+}
+func (seq *LazySequence) ToByteArray() []byte {
+	return ToByteArray(seq)
+}
+
+func ToByteArray(x Sequence) []byte {
+	nativeArray := x.ToArray().(GoNativeArray)
+	arr := make([]byte, len(nativeArray.contents))
+	for i, v := range nativeArray.contents {
+		arr[i] = v.(byte)
+	}
+	return arr
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Arrays
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// A GoNativeArray is a single dimensional Go slice,
+// wrapped up for the benefit of dafnyRuntime.dfy.
+// We should refactor to wrap an Array interface as defined below
+// to get the same optimization benefits for sequences of bytes and chars/CodePoints.
+type GoNativeArray struct {
+	contents []interface{}
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_NativeArray_) Make(length uint32) NativeArray {
+	contents := make([]interface{}, length)
+	return GoNativeArray{
+		contents: contents,
+	}
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_NativeArray_) MakeWithInit(length uint32, init func(uint32) interface{}) NativeArray {
+	contents := make([]interface{}, length)
+	for i := uint32(0); i < length; i++ {
+		contents[i] = init(i)
+	}
+	return GoNativeArray{
+		contents: contents,
+	}
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_NativeArray_) Copy(other ImmutableArray) NativeArray {
+	otherArray := other.(GoNativeArray)
+	contents := make([]interface{}, otherArray.Length())
+	copy(contents, otherArray.contents)
+	return GoNativeArray{
+		contents: contents,
+	}
+}
+
+func (array GoNativeArray) Length() uint32 {
+	return uint32(len(array.contents))
+}
+
+func (array GoNativeArray) Select(i uint32) interface{} {
+	return array.contents[i]
+}
+
+func (array GoNativeArray) Update(i uint32, t interface{}) {
+	array.contents[i] = t
+}
+
+func (array GoNativeArray) UpdateSubarray(i uint32, other ImmutableArray) {
+	otherArray := other.(GoNativeArray)
+	copy(array.contents[i:(i+otherArray.Length())], otherArray.contents)
+}
+
+func (array GoNativeArray) Freeze(size uint32) ImmutableArray {
+	return array.Subarray(0, size)
+}
+
+func (array GoNativeArray) Subarray(lo uint32, hi uint32) ImmutableArray {
+	return GoNativeArray{
+		contents: array.contents[lo:hi],
+	}
+}
+
+func (array GoNativeArray) String() string {
+	return "dafny.GoNativeArray"
+}
+
+// Array is the general interface for arrays. Conceptually, it contains some
+// underlying storage (a slice) of elements, together with a record of the length
+// of each dimension. Thus, this general interface supports 1- and multi-dimensional
+// Dafny arrays.
+//
+// All array indices are given as the Go type "int". This is what the Dafny implementation
+// refers to as "target-language array-index type". However, the dimension lengths
+// are given as "big.Int".
+
+type Array interface {
+	dimensionCount() int
+	dimensionLength(dim int) int
+	ArrayGet1(index int) interface{}
+	ArraySet1(value interface{}, index int)
+	anySlice(lo, hi Int) []interface{}
+	// specializations
+	ArrayGet1Byte(index int) byte
+	ArraySet1Byte(value byte, index int)
+	ArrayGet1Char(index int) Char
+	ArraySet1Char(value Char, index int)
+	ArrayGet1CodePoint(index int) CodePoint
+	ArraySet1CodePoint(value CodePoint, index int)
+}
+
+/***** newArray *****/
+
+// Multiply the numbers in "dims" and return the product as an "int".
+// If the produce doesn't fit in an "int", panic with the message that the
+// array-size limit has been exceeded.
+// It is expected that len(dims) is at least 1 and that each number in
+// dims is non-negative.
+func computeTotalArrayLength(dims ...Int) int {
+	product := dims[0]
+	for i := 1; i < len(dims); i++ {
+		product = product.Times(dims[i])
+	}
+	if IntOf(0x8000_0000).Cmp(product) <= 0 {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("array size exceeds memory limit: %v", String(product)))
+	}
+	totalLength := product.Int()
+	return totalLength
+}
+
+// NewArrayFromExample returns a new Array.
+// If "init" is non-nil, it is used to initialize all elements of the array.
+// "example" is used only to figure out the right kind of Array to return.
+// If "init" is non-nil, the types of "example" and "init" must agree.
+// All numbers in "dims" are expected to be non-negative and "len(dims)" is
+// expected to be at least 1 (this is not checked). The function checks that
+// the product of the numbers in "dims" lies within the limit of what array
+// lengths are supported; the code will panic if the limit is exceeded.
+func NewArrayFromExample(example interface{}, init interface{}, dims ...Int) Array {
+	numberOfDimensions := len(dims)
+	intDims := make([]int, len(dims))
+	totalLength := computeTotalArrayLength(dims...)
+	// If the previous line does not panic, then the .Int() conversions in
+	// the following loop will succeed.
+	for d := 0; d < numberOfDimensions; d++ {
+		intDims[d] = dims[d].Int()
+	}
+
+	if totalLength == 0 {
+		return newZeroLengthArray(intDims)
+	}
+
+	// Inspect the type of "example" to consider Array specialization
+	if _, ok := example.(byte); ok {
+		arr := make([]byte, totalLength)
+		if init != nil {
+			x := init.(byte)
+			for i := range arr {
+				arr[i] = x
+			}
+		}
+		return &arrayForByte{
+			contents: arr,
+			dims:     intDims,
+		}
+	}
+	if _, ok := example.(Char); ok {
+		arr := make([]Char, totalLength)
+		if init != nil {
+			x := init.(Char)
+			for i := range arr {
+				arr[i] = x
+			}
+		}
+		return &arrayForChar{
+			contents: arr,
+			dims:     intDims,
+		}
+	}
+	if _, ok := example.(CodePoint); ok {
+		arr := make([]CodePoint, totalLength)
+		if init != nil {
+			x := init.(CodePoint)
+			for i := range arr {
+				arr[i] = x
+			}
+		}
+		return &arrayForCodePoint{
+			contents: arr,
+			dims:     intDims,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Use the default representation
+	arr := make([]interface{}, totalLength)
+	if init != nil {
+		for i := range arr {
+			arr[i] = init
+		}
+	}
+	return &arrayStruct{
+		contents: arr,
+		dims:     intDims,
+	}
+}
+
+func newZeroLengthArray(intDims []int) Array {
+	// Use the default representation
+	return &arrayStruct{
+		contents: nil,
+		dims:     intDims,
+	}
+}
+
+// newArrayWithValues returns a new one-dimensional Array with the given initial
+// values. It is only used internally, by *Builder.ToArray().
+func newArrayWithValues(values ...interface{}) Array {
+	totalLength := len(values)
+	intDims := []int{totalLength}
+	if totalLength == 0 {
+		return newZeroLengthArray(intDims)
+	}
+
+	// Inspect the type of "values[0]" to consider Array specialization
+	if _, ok := values[0].(byte); ok {
+		arr := make([]byte, totalLength)
+		for i := range arr {
+			arr[i] = values[i].(byte)
+		}
+		return &arrayForByte{
+			contents: arr,
+			dims:     intDims,
+		}
+	}
+	if _, ok := values[0].(Char); ok {
+		arr := make([]Char, totalLength)
+		for i := range arr {
+			arr[i] = values[i].(Char)
+		}
+		return &arrayForChar{
+			contents: arr,
+			dims:     intDims,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Use the default representation
+	arr := make([]interface{}, totalLength)
+	copy(arr, values)
+	return &arrayStruct{
+		contents: arr,
+		dims:     intDims,
+	}
+}
+
+// NewArrayWithValue returns a new Array full of the given initial value.
+func NewArrayWithValue(init interface{}, dims ...Int) Array {
+	return NewArrayFromExample(init, init, dims...)
+}
+
+// NewArray returns a new Array full of the default value of the given type.
+func NewArray(dims ...Int) Array {
+	return NewArrayFromExample(nil, nil, dims...)
+}
+
+/***** arrayStruct is default implementation of the Array interface. *****/
+
+type arrayStruct struct {
+	contents []interface{} // stored as a flat one-dimensional slice
+	dims     []int
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) dimensionCount() int {
+	return len(_this.dims)
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) dimensionLength(dim int) int {
+	return _this.dims[dim]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) ArrayGet1(index int) interface{} {
+	return _this.contents[index]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) ArraySet1(value interface{}, index int) {
+	_this.contents[index] = value
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) ArrayGet1Byte(index int) byte {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains bytes, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) ArraySet1Byte(value byte, index int) {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains bytes, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) ArrayGet1Char(index int) Char {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains characters, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) ArraySet1Char(value Char, index int) {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains characters, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) ArrayGet1CodePoint(index int) CodePoint {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains code points, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) ArraySet1CodePoint(value CodePoint, index int) {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains code points, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayStruct) anySlice(lo, hi Int) []interface{} {
+	if lo.IsNilInt() && hi.IsNilInt() {
+		return _this.contents
+	}
+	if lo.IsNilInt() {
+		return _this.contents[:hi.Int()]
+	}
+	if hi.IsNilInt() {
+		return _this.contents[lo.Int():]
+	}
+	return _this.contents[lo.Int():hi.Int()]
+}
+
+// arrayStruct implements the EqualsGeneric interface.
+func (_this arrayStruct) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	otherArray, ok := other.(*arrayStruct)
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	// In the next line, we're sure to compare the references, not the addresses of the arrayStruct's.
+	return &_this.dims[0] == &otherArray.dims[0]
+}
+
+/***** arrayForByte is the Array interface specialized for byte. *****/
+
+type arrayForByte struct {
+	contents []byte // stored as a flat one-dimensional slice
+	dims     []int
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) dimensionCount() int {
+	return len(_this.dims)
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) dimensionLength(dim int) int {
+	return _this.dims[dim]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) ArrayGet1(index int) interface{} {
+	return _this.contents[index]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) ArraySet1(value interface{}, index int) {
+	_this.contents[index] = value.(byte)
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) ArrayGet1Byte(index int) byte {
+	return _this.contents[index]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) ArraySet1Byte(value byte, index int) {
+	_this.contents[index] = value
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) ArrayGet1Char(index int) Char {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains characters, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) ArraySet1Char(value Char, index int) {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains characters, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) ArrayGet1CodePoint(index int) CodePoint {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains code points, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) ArraySet1CodePoint(value CodePoint, index int) {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains code points, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForByte) anySlice(lo, hi Int) []interface{} {
+	if lo.IsNilInt() {
+		lo = Zero
+	}
+	if hi.IsNilInt() {
+		hi = IntOf(len(_this.contents))
+	}
+	iLo := lo.Int()
+	iHi := hi.Int()
+	anyArray := make([]interface{}, iHi-iLo)
+	for i := iLo; i < iHi; i++ {
+		anyArray[i] = _this.contents[i]
+	}
+	return anyArray
+}
+
+// arrayForByte implements the EqualsGeneric interface.
+func (_this arrayForByte) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	otherArray, ok := other.(*arrayForByte)
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	return &_this.dims[0] == &otherArray.dims[0]
+}
+
+/***** arrayForChar is the Array interface specialized for Char. *****/
+
+type arrayForChar struct {
+	contents []Char // stored as a flat one-dimensional slice
+	dims     []int
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) dimensionCount() int {
+	return len(_this.dims)
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) dimensionLength(dim int) int {
+	return _this.dims[dim]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) ArrayGet1(index int) interface{} {
+	return _this.contents[index]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) ArraySet1(value interface{}, index int) {
+	_this.contents[index] = value.(Char)
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) ArrayGet1Byte(index int) byte {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains bytes, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) ArraySet1Byte(value byte, index int) {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains bytes, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) ArrayGet1Char(index int) Char {
+	return _this.contents[index]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) ArraySet1Char(value Char, index int) {
+	_this.contents[index] = value
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) ArrayGet1CodePoint(index int) CodePoint {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains code points, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) ArraySet1CodePoint(value CodePoint, index int) {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains code points, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForChar) anySlice(lo, hi Int) []interface{} {
+	if lo.IsNilInt() {
+		lo = Zero
+	}
+	if hi.IsNilInt() {
+		hi = IntOf(len(_this.contents))
+	}
+	iLo := lo.Int()
+	iHi := hi.Int()
+	anyArray := make([]interface{}, iHi-iLo)
+	for i := iLo; i < iHi; i++ {
+		anyArray[i] = _this.contents[i]
+	}
+	return anyArray
+}
+
+// arrayForChar implements the EqualsGeneric interface.
+func (_this arrayForChar) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	otherArray, ok := other.(*arrayForChar)
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	return &_this.dims[0] == &otherArray.dims[0]
+}
+
+/***** arrayForCodePoint is the Array interface specialized for CodePoint. *****/
+
+type arrayForCodePoint struct {
+	contents []CodePoint // stored as a flat one-dimensional slice
+	dims     []int
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) dimensionCount() int {
+	return len(_this.dims)
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) dimensionLength(dim int) int {
+	return _this.dims[dim]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) ArrayGet1(index int) interface{} {
+	return _this.contents[index]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) ArraySet1(value interface{}, index int) {
+	_this.contents[index] = value.(CodePoint)
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) ArrayGet1Byte(index int) byte {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains bytes, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) ArraySet1Byte(value byte, index int) {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains bytes, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) ArrayGet1Char(index int) Char {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains characters, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) ArraySet1Char(value Char, index int) {
+	panic("Expected specialized array type that contains characters, but found general-purpose array of interface{}")
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) ArrayGet1CodePoint(index int) CodePoint {
+	return _this.contents[index]
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) ArraySet1CodePoint(value CodePoint, index int) {
+	_this.contents[index] = value
+}
+
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) anySlice(lo, hi Int) []interface{} {
+	if lo.IsNilInt() {
+		lo = Zero
+	}
+	if hi.IsNilInt() {
+		hi = IntOf(len(_this.contents))
+	}
+	iLo := lo.Int()
+	iHi := hi.Int()
+	anyArray := make([]interface{}, iHi-iLo)
+	for i := iLo; i < iHi; i++ {
+		anyArray[i] = _this.contents[i]
+	}
+	return anyArray
+}
+
+// arrayForCodePoint implements the EqualsGeneric interface.
+func (_this arrayForCodePoint) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	otherArray, ok := other.(*arrayForCodePoint)
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	return &_this.dims[0] == &otherArray.dims[0]
+}
+
+/***** other Array methods *****/
+
+// EmptyArray is an empty one-dimensional array.
+var EmptyArray = NewArray(Zero)
+
+func ArrayCastTo(x interface{}) Array {
+	var t Array
+	t, _ = x.(Array)
+	return t
+}
+
+// ArrayLen returns the length of the array in the given dimension.
+func ArrayLen(array Array, dim int) Int {
+	return IntOf(ArrayLenInt(array, dim))
+}
+
+// ArrayLenInt returns the length of the array in the given dimension, as an int.
+func ArrayLenInt(array Array, dim int) int {
+	return array.dimensionLength(dim)
+}
+
+func computeArrayIndex(array Array, ixs ...int) int {
+	dimensionCount := array.dimensionCount()
+	if len(ixs) != dimensionCount {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("Expected %d indices but got %d", dimensionCount, len(ixs)))
+	}
+	i := 0
+	size := 1
+	for d := dimensionCount - 1; d >= 0; d-- {
+		i += size * ixs[d]
+		size *= array.dimensionLength(d)
+	}
+	return i
+}
+
+func ArrayGet(array Array, ixs ...int) interface{} {
+	index := computeArrayIndex(array, ixs...)
+	return array.ArrayGet1(index)
+}
+
+func ArraySet(array Array, value interface{}, ixs ...int) {
+	index := computeArrayIndex(array, ixs...)
+	array.ArraySet1(value, index)
+}
+
+// RangeToSeq converts the selected portion of the array to a sequence.
+func ArrayRangeToSeq(array Array, lo, hi Int) Sequence {
+	if array.dimensionCount() != 1 {
+		panic("Can't take a slice of a multidimensional array")
+	}
+	isString := false
+	if array.dimensionLength(0) > 0 {
+		_, isString = array.ArrayGet1(0).(Char)
+	}
+
+	anySlice := array.anySlice(lo, hi)
+	seq := SeqOf(anySlice...)
+	seq.IsString_set_(isString)
+	return seq
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Tuples
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// A Tuple is a one-dimensional heterogeneous array.
+type Tuple struct {
+	contents []interface{}
+}
+
+// TupleOf creates a tuple with the given values.
+func TupleOf(values ...interface{}) Tuple {
+	arr := make([]interface{}, len(values))
+	copy(arr, values)
+	return Tuple{arr}
+}
+
+// Equals returns whether two tuples have the same values.
+func (tuple Tuple) Equals(other Tuple) bool {
+	return sliceEquals(tuple.contents, other.contents)
+}
+
+// Tuple implements the EqualsGeneric interface.
+func (tuple Tuple) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	tuple2, ok := other.(Tuple)
+	return ok && tuple.Equals(tuple2)
+}
+
+func (tuple Tuple) String() string {
+	return "(" + stringOfElements(tuple.contents) + ")"
+}
+
+// Index looks up the address of the ith element of the tuple.
+func (tuple Tuple) Index(i Int) *interface{} {
+	return tuple.IndexInt(i.Int())
+}
+
+// IndexInt looks up the address of the ith element of the tuple.
+func (tuple Tuple) IndexInt(i int) *interface{} {
+	return &tuple.contents[i]
+}
+
+// TupleType returns the type of a tuple with given element types.
+func TupleType(tys ...TypeDescriptor) TypeDescriptor {
+	arr := make([]TypeDescriptor, len(tys))
+	copy(arr, tys)
+	return tupleType{arr}
+}
+
+type tupleType struct {
+	eltTys []TypeDescriptor
+}
+
+func (tt tupleType) Default() interface{} {
+	values := make([]interface{}, len(tt.eltTys))
+	for i, ty := range tt.eltTys {
+		values[i] = ty.Default()
+	}
+	return TupleOf(values...)
+}
+
+func (tt tupleType) String() string {
+	s := "("
+	sep := ""
+	for _, ty := range tt.eltTys {
+		s += sep + String(ty)
+		sep = ", "
+	}
+	s += ")"
+	return s
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Collection building
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// A Builder holds values as they're imperatively accumulated in order to build
+// an Array, Set, or MultiSet.
+type Builder []interface{}
+
+// NewBuilder creates a new Builder.
+func NewBuilder() *Builder {
+	return new(Builder)
+}
+
+// NewBuilder creates a new Builder.
+func NewBuilderOf(iter interface{}) *Builder {
+	b := NewBuilder()
+	for i := Iterate(iter); ; {
+		v, ok := i()
+		if !ok {
+			break
+		}
+		b.Add(v)
+	}
+	return b
+}
+
+// Add adds a new value to a Builder.
+func (builder *Builder) Add(value interface{}) {
+	*builder = append(*builder, value)
+}
+
+// ToArray creates an Array with the accumulated values.
+func (builder *Builder) ToArray() Array {
+	return newArrayWithValues(*builder...)
+}
+
+// ToSet creates a Set with the accumulated values.
+func (builder *Builder) ToSet() Set {
+	return SetOf(*builder...)
+}
+
+// ToMultiset creates a MultiSet with the accumulated values.
+func (builder *Builder) ToMultiSet() MultiSet {
+	return MultiSetOf(*builder...)
+}
+
+// Iterator iterates over the accumulated values.
+func (builder *Builder) Iterator() Iterator {
+	return sliceIterator(*builder)
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Sets
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// A Set is a sequence without duplicates.
+type Set struct {
+	contents []interface{}
+}
+
+// EmptySet is the empty set.
+var EmptySet = SetOf()
+
+// SetOf creates a set with the given values.
+func SetOf(values ...interface{}) Set {
+	uniq := make([]interface{}, 0, len(values))
+NEXT_INPUT:
+	for _, v := range values {
+		for _, u := range uniq {
+			if AreEqual(u, v) {
+				continue NEXT_INPUT
+			}
+		}
+		uniq = append(uniq, v)
+	}
+	return Set{uniq}
+}
+
+// Cardinality returns the cardinality (size) of the set.
+func (set Set) Cardinality() Int {
+	return IntOf(set.CardinalityInt())
+}
+
+// CardinalityInt returns the cardinality (size) of the set as an int.
+func (set Set) CardinalityInt() int {
+	return len(set.contents)
+}
+
+// Contains returns whether the given value is an element of the set.
+func (set Set) Contains(value interface{}) bool {
+	return sliceContains(set.contents, value)
+}
+
+// Iterator returns an iterator over the elements of the set.
+func (set Set) Iterator() Iterator {
+	return sliceIterator(set.contents)
+}
+
+// Union makes a set containing each element contained by either input set.
+func (set Set) Union(set2 Set) Set {
+	if set.CardinalityInt() == 0 {
+		return set2
+	}
+	if set2.CardinalityInt() == 0 {
+		return set
+	}
+
+	n := set.CardinalityInt()
+	uniq := make([]interface{}, n)
+	copy(uniq, set.contents)
+NEXT_INPUT:
+	for _, v := range set2.contents {
+		for _, u := range uniq {
+			if AreEqual(u, v) {
+				continue NEXT_INPUT
+			}
+		}
+		uniq = append(uniq, v)
+	}
+
+	return Set{uniq}
+}
+
+// Intersection makes a set containing each element contained by both input
+// sets.
+func (set Set) Intersection(set2 Set) Set {
+	if set.CardinalityInt() == 0 || set2.CardinalityInt() == 0 {
+		return EmptySet
+	}
+
+	uniq := make([]interface{}, 0)
+	for _, v := range set.contents {
+		if set2.Contains(v) {
+			uniq = append(uniq, v)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return Set{uniq}
+}
+
+// Difference makes a set containing each element contained by set but not
+// by set2.
+func (set Set) Difference(set2 Set) Set {
+	if set.CardinalityInt() == 0 || set2.CardinalityInt() == 0 {
+		return set
+	}
+
+	elts := make([]interface{}, 0, max(0, set.CardinalityInt()-set2.CardinalityInt()))
+	for _, v := range set.contents {
+		if !set2.Contains(v) {
+			elts = append(elts, v)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return Set{elts}
+}
+
+// IsDisjointFrom returns true if the sets have no elements in common.
+func (set Set) IsDisjointFrom(set2 Set) bool {
+	if set.CardinalityInt() == 0 || set2.CardinalityInt() == 0 {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range set.contents {
+		if sliceContains(set2.contents, v) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+// Equals tests whether the sets contain the same elements.
+func (set Set) Equals(set2 Set) bool {
+	return set.CardinalityInt() == set2.CardinalityInt() &&
+		set.isSubsetAfterCardinalityCheck(set2)
+}
+
+// Set implements the EqualsGeneric interface.
+func (set Set) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	set2, ok := other.(Set)
+	return ok && set.Equals(set2)
+}
+
+// IsSubsetOf returns true if each element in this set is also in the other.
+func (set Set) IsSubsetOf(set2 Set) bool {
+	return set.CardinalityInt() <= set2.CardinalityInt() &&
+		set.isSubsetAfterCardinalityCheck(set2)
+}
+
+// IsProperSubsetOf returns true if each element in this set is also in the
+// other, and moreover the sets aren't equal.
+func (set Set) IsProperSubsetOf(set2 Set) bool {
+	return set.CardinalityInt() < set2.CardinalityInt() &&
+		set.isSubsetAfterCardinalityCheck(set2)
+}
+
+func (set Set) isSubsetAfterCardinalityCheck(set2 Set) bool {
+	for _, v := range set.contents {
+		if !sliceContains(set2.contents, v) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// Elements returns the set of elements (i.e. the set itself).
+func (set Set) Elements() Set {
+	return set
+}
+
+// AllSubsets returns an iterator over all subsets of the given set.
+func (set Set) AllSubsets() Iterator {
+	// Use a big integer to range from 0 to 2^n
+	r := new(big.Int)
+	limit := new(big.Int).Lsh(One.impl, uint(set.CardinalityInt()))
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		if r.Cmp(limit) == 0 {
+			return Set{}, false
+		} else {
+			values := make([]interface{}, 0, len(set.contents))
+			i := 0
+			s := new(big.Int).Set(r)
+			mod := new(big.Int)
+			for s.Cmp(Zero.impl) > 0 {
+				if mod.Mod(s, Two.impl).Cmp(Zero.impl) != 0 {
+					values = append(values, set.contents[i])
+				}
+				s.Div(s, Two.impl)
+				i++
+			}
+			r.Add(r, One.impl)
+
+			// Annoyingly, the other implementations reverse the order of the
+			// elements, so we have to as well
+			return Set{reverse(values)}, true
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func reverse(values []interface{}) []interface{} {
+	ans := make([]interface{}, len(values))
+	n := len(values)
+	for i, v := range values {
+		ans[n-1-i] = v
+	}
+	return ans
+}
+
+func (set Set) String() string {
+	return "{" + stringOfElements(set.contents) + "}"
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Multisets
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// A MultiSet is an unordered sequence of elements with possible duplication.
+type MultiSet struct {
+	elts []msetElt
+}
+
+type msetElt struct {
+	value interface{}
+	count Int
+}
+
+// EmptyMultiSet is the empty multiset.
+var EmptyMultiSet = MultiSetOf()
+
+// MultiSetOf creates a MultiSet with the given elements.
+func MultiSetOf(values ...interface{}) MultiSet {
+	elts := make([]msetElt, 0, len(values))
+NEXT_INPUT:
+	for _, v := range values {
+		for i, u := range elts {
+			if AreEqual(u.value, v) {
+				elts[i] = msetElt{value: u.value, count: u.count.Plus(One)}
+				continue NEXT_INPUT
+			}
+		}
+		elts = append(elts, msetElt{value: v, count: One})
+	}
+	return MultiSet{elts}
+}
+
+// MultiSetFromSeq creates a MultiSet from the elements in the given sequence.
+func MultiSetFromSeq(seq Sequence) MultiSet {
+	return NewBuilderOf(seq).ToMultiSet()
+}
+
+// MultiSetFromSet creates a MultiSet from the elements in the given set.
+func MultiSetFromSet(set Set) MultiSet {
+	elts := make([]msetElt, len(set.contents))
+	for i, v := range set.contents {
+		// No need to check whether it's already there because Set elements are
+		// assumed to be unique
+		elts[i] = msetElt{v, One}
+	}
+	return MultiSet{elts}
+}
+
+func (mset MultiSet) clone() MultiSet {
+	elts := make([]msetElt, len(mset.elts))
+	copy(elts, mset.elts)
+	return MultiSet{elts}
+}
+
+func (mset MultiSet) findIndex(value interface{}) (int, bool) {
+	for i, e := range mset.elts {
+		if AreEqual(e.value, value) {
+			return i, true
+		}
+	}
+	return -1, false
+}
+
+// Update changes the cardinality of the given value in the multiset, returning
+// a new multiset unless the cardinality did not actually change.
+func (mset MultiSet) Update(value interface{}, n Int) MultiSet {
+	i, found := mset.findIndex(value)
+	if found {
+		if mset.elts[i].count == n {
+			return mset
+		} else {
+			ans := mset.clone()
+			ans.elts[i] = msetElt{value, n}
+			return ans
+		}
+	} else if n.Cmp(Zero) == 0 {
+		return mset
+	} else {
+		return MultiSet{append(mset.clone().elts, msetElt{value, n})}
+	}
+}
+
+// Cardinality returns the number of elements in the multiset (counting
+// repetitions).
+func (mset MultiSet) Cardinality() Int {
+	n := new(big.Int)
+	for _, e := range mset.elts {
+		n.Add(n, e.count.impl)
+	}
+	return intOf(n)
+}
+
+// CardinalityInt returns the number of elements in the multiset (counting
+// repetitions) as an int.
+func (mset MultiSet) CardinalityInt() int {
+	n := 0
+	for _, e := range mset.elts {
+		n += e.count.Int()
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+// Index returns the ith element of the multiset, which is arbitrary except that
+// it is different from the jth element when i /= j.  (Repetitions are ignored.)
+func (mset MultiSet) Index(i Int) interface{} {
+	return mset.elts[i.Int()]
+}
+
+// Iterator returns an iterator over the multiset (including repetitions).
+func (mset MultiSet) Iterator() Iterator {
+	i := 0
+	n := new(big.Int)
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		for {
+			if i >= len(mset.elts) {
+				return nil, false
+			}
+			if n.Cmp(mset.elts[i].count.impl) >= 0 {
+				n.SetInt64(0)
+				i++
+			} else {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		ans := mset.elts[i].value
+		n.Add(n, One.impl)
+		return ans, true
+	}
+}
+
+// Contains returns whether the multiset contains the given element (at least
+// once).
+func (mset MultiSet) Contains(value interface{}) bool {
+	return mset.Multiplicity(value).Cmp(Zero) > 0
+}
+
+// Multiplicity returns the number of times a given element occurs in the
+// multiset.
+func (mset MultiSet) Multiplicity(value interface{}) Int {
+	i, found := mset.findIndex(value)
+	if found {
+		return mset.elts[i].count
+	} else {
+		return Zero
+	}
+}
+
+// Elements returns an iterator that yields each element in the multiset, as
+// many times as it appears.
+func (mset MultiSet) Elements() func() (interface{}, bool) {
+	i := 0
+	n := new(big.Int)
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		for {
+			if i >= len(mset.elts) {
+				return nil, false
+			}
+			if n.Cmp(mset.elts[i].count.impl) == 0 {
+				i++
+				n.SetInt64(0)
+			} else {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		n.Add(n, One.impl)
+		return mset.elts[i].value, true
+	}
+}
+
+// UniqueElements returns an iterator that yields each element in the multiset
+// once.
+func (mset MultiSet) UniqueElements() func() (interface{}, bool) {
+	i := 0
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		if i >= len(mset.elts) {
+			return nil, false
+		} else {
+			i++
+			return mset.elts[i-1].value, true
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Union returns a multiset including each element of either set.  Each value's
+// multiplicity will be the sum of its multiplicities in the original multisets.
+func (mset MultiSet) Union(mset2 MultiSet) MultiSet {
+	if len(mset.elts) == 0 {
+		return mset2
+	}
+	if len(mset2.elts) == 0 {
+		return mset
+	}
+
+	elts := make([]msetElt, 0, len(mset.elts)+len(mset2.elts))
+	for _, e := range mset.elts {
+		if e.count.Cmp(Zero) == 0 {
+			// e.value in mset2 will be added in the next separate for loop
+			continue
+		}
+		m := mset2.Multiplicity(e.value)
+		elts = append(elts, msetElt{e.value, e.count.Plus(m)})
+	}
+	for _, e := range mset2.elts {
+		if !mset.Contains(e.value) {
+			elts = append(elts, e)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return MultiSet{elts}
+}
+
+// Intersection returns a multiset including those elements which occur in both
+// sets.  Each value's multiplicity will be the minimum of its multiplicities
+// in the original multisets.
+func (mset MultiSet) Intersection(mset2 MultiSet) MultiSet {
+	if len(mset.elts) == 0 || len(mset2.elts) == 0 {
+		return EmptyMultiSet
+	}
+
+	elts := make([]msetElt, 0)
+	for _, e := range mset.elts {
+		m := mset2.Multiplicity(e.value)
+		if m.Cmp(Zero) != 0 {
+			elts = append(elts, msetElt{e.value, e.count.Min(m)})
+		}
+	}
+
+	return MultiSet{elts}
+}
+
+// Difference returns a multiset including those elements which occur in the
+// first argument but not the second.  Each value's multiplicity will be its
+// multiplicity in mset minus its multiplicity in mset2.
+func (mset MultiSet) Difference(mset2 MultiSet) MultiSet {
+	if len(mset.elts) == 0 || len(mset2.elts) == 0 {
+		return mset
+	}
+
+	elts := make([]msetElt, 0, max(0, len(mset.elts)-len(mset2.elts)))
+	for _, e := range mset.elts {
+		d := e.count.Minus(mset2.Multiplicity(e.value))
+		if d.Cmp(Zero) > 0 {
+			elts = append(elts, msetElt{e.value, d})
+		}
+	}
+
+	return MultiSet{elts}
+}
+
+// IsDisjointFrom returns whether two multisets contain no elements in common.
+func (mset MultiSet) IsDisjointFrom(mset2 MultiSet) bool {
+	if len(mset.elts) == 0 || len(mset2.elts) == 0 {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	for _, e := range mset.elts {
+		if (e.count.Cmp(Zero) != 0) && mset2.Contains(e.value) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+// Equals returns whether two multisets have the same values with the same
+// multiplicities.
+func (mset MultiSet) Equals(mset2 MultiSet) bool {
+	for _, e := range mset.elts {
+		m := mset2.Multiplicity(e.value)
+		if e.count.Cmp(m) != 0 {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return mset.CardinalityInt() == mset2.CardinalityInt()
+}
+
+// MultiSet implements the EqualsGeneric interface.
+func (mset MultiSet) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	mset2, ok := other.(MultiSet)
+	return ok && mset.Equals(mset2)
+}
+
+// IsSubsetOf returns whether one multiset has a subset of the elements of the
+// other, with lesser or equal multiplicities.
+func (mset MultiSet) IsSubsetOf(mset2 MultiSet) bool {
+	for _, e := range mset.elts {
+		m := mset2.Multiplicity(e.value)
+		if e.count.Cmp(m) > 0 {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// IsProperSubsetOf returns whether one multiset has a proper subset of the
+// elements of the other, with strictly lesser multiplicities.
+func (mset MultiSet) IsProperSubsetOf(mset2 MultiSet) bool {
+	return mset.IsSubsetOf(mset2) && mset.CardinalityInt() < mset2.CardinalityInt()
+}
+
+func (mset MultiSet) String() string {
+	s := "multiset{"
+	sep := ""
+	i := new(big.Int)
+	for _, e := range mset.elts {
+		for i.SetInt64(0); i.Cmp(e.count.impl) < 0; i.Add(i, One.impl) {
+			s += sep + String(e.value)
+			sep = ", "
+		}
+	}
+	s += "}"
+	return s
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Maps
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// A Map is an association between keys and values.
+type Map struct {
+	elts []mapElt
+}
+
+type mapElt struct {
+	key, value interface{}
+}
+
+// A MapBuilder creates a new Map by accumulating elements imperatively.
+type MapBuilder []mapElt
+
+// NewMapBuilder creates a new map builder.
+func NewMapBuilder() *MapBuilder {
+	return new(MapBuilder)
+}
+
+// Add adds a key and value to the map being built, used by map comprehension
+func (mb *MapBuilder) Add(k, v interface{}) *MapBuilder {
+	*mb = append(*mb, mapElt{k, v})
+	return mb
+}
+
+// ToMap gets the map out of the map builder.
+func (mb *MapBuilder) ToMap() Map {
+	return Map{*mb}
+}
+
+// EmptyMap is the empty map.
+var EmptyMap = NewMapBuilder().ToMap()
+
+func (m Map) clone() Map {
+	elts := make([]mapElt, len(m.elts))
+	copy(elts, m.elts)
+	return Map{elts}
+}
+
+func (m Map) findIndex(key interface{}) (int, bool) {
+	for i, e := range m.elts {
+		if AreEqual(e.key, key) {
+			return i, true
+		}
+	}
+	return -1, false
+}
+
+// Cardinality finds the number of elements in the map.
+func (m Map) Cardinality() Int {
+	return IntOf(m.CardinalityInt())
+}
+
+// CardinalityInt finds the number of elements in the map as an int.
+func (m Map) CardinalityInt() int {
+	return len(m.elts)
+}
+
+// Find finds the given key in the map, returning it and a success flag.
+func (m Map) Find(key interface{}) (interface{}, bool) {
+	i, found := m.findIndex(key)
+	if found {
+		return m.elts[i].value, true
+	} else {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+}
+
+// Get finds the given key in the map, returning it or nil.
+func (m Map) Get(key interface{}) interface{} {
+	v, _ := m.Find(key)
+	return v
+}
+
+// Contains returns whether the given key is in the map.
+func (m Map) Contains(key interface{}) bool {
+	_, found := m.findIndex(key)
+	return found
+}
+
+// Update returns a new Map which associates the given key and value.
+func (m Map) Update(key, value interface{}) Map {
+	ans := m.clone()
+	i, found := ans.findIndex(key)
+	if found {
+		ans.elts[i] = mapElt{key, value}
+	} else {
+		ans.elts = append(ans.elts, mapElt{key, value})
+	}
+	return ans
+}
+
+// Similar to Update, but make the modification in-place.
+// Meant to be used in the map constructor.
+func (m Map) UpdateUnsafe(key, value interface{}) Map {
+	ans := m
+	i, found := ans.findIndex(key)
+	if found {
+		ans.elts[i] = mapElt{key, value}
+	} else {
+		ans.elts = append(ans.elts, mapElt{key, value})
+	}
+	return ans
+}
+
+func (a Map) Merge(b Map) Map {
+	if a.CardinalityInt() == 0 {
+		return b
+	}
+	if b.CardinalityInt() == 0 {
+		return a
+	}
+
+	m := make([]mapElt, len(b.elts), len(a.elts)+len(b.elts))
+	copy(m, b.elts)
+	for _, e := range a.elts {
+		_, found := b.findIndex(e.key)
+		if !found {
+			m = append(m, e)
+		}
+	}
+	return Map{m}
+}
+
+func (a Map) Subtract(keys Set) Map {
+	if a.CardinalityInt() == 0 || keys.CardinalityInt() == 0 {
+		return a
+	}
+
+	mb := NewMapBuilder()
+	for _, e := range a.elts {
+		if !keys.Contains(e.key) {
+			*mb = append(*mb, e)
+		}
+	}
+	return mb.ToMap()
+}
+
+// Equals returns whether each map associates the same keys to the same values.
+func (m Map) Equals(m2 Map) bool {
+	if len(m.elts) != len(m2.elts) {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, e := range m.elts {
+		i, found := m2.findIndex(e.key)
+		if !found || !AreEqual(e.value, m2.elts[i].value) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// Map implements the EqualsGeneric interface.
+func (m Map) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	m2, ok := other.(Map)
+	return ok && m.Equals(m2)
+}
+
+// Keys returns the set of keys in the map.
+func (m Map) Keys() Set {
+	b := NewBuilder()
+	for _, e := range m.elts {
+		b.Add(e.key)
+	}
+	return b.ToSet()
+}
+
+// Values returns the set of values in the map.
+func (m Map) Values() Set {
+	b := NewBuilder()
+	for _, e := range m.elts {
+		b.Add(e.value)
+	}
+	return b.ToSet()
+}
+
+// Items returns the set of items in the map as a Set of Tuples.
+func (m Map) Items() Set {
+	b := NewBuilder()
+	for _, e := range m.elts {
+		b.Add(TupleOf(e.key, e.value))
+	}
+	return b.ToSet()
+}
+
+func (m Map) String() string {
+	s := "map["
+	for i, e := range m.elts {
+		if i > 0 {
+			s += ", "
+		}
+		s += fmt.Sprintf("%s := %s", String(e.key), String(e.value))
+	}
+	s += "]"
+	return s
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Integers
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// An Int is an immutable big integer.
+type Int struct {
+	impl *big.Int
+	// debug string
+} // Careful not to mutate!
+
+// A BV is an immutable big bitvector (presumed to be non-negative).
+type BV = Int
+
+func intOf(i *big.Int) Int {
+	return Int{
+		impl: i,
+		// debug: i.String(),
+	}
+}
+
+// IntOf turns the given int into an Int.  Common values are cached.  This is
+// simply a shorter form of IntOfInt.
+func IntOf(i int) Int {
+	return IntOfInt(i)
+}
+
+// IntOfInt turns the given int into an Int.  Common values are cached.
+func IntOfInt(i int) Int {
+	return IntOfInt64(int64(i))
+}
+
+// IntOfInt8 turns the given int8 into an Int.  Common values are cached.
+func IntOfInt8(i int8) Int {
+	return IntOfInt64(int64(i))
+}
+
+// IntOfInt16 turns the given int16 into an Int.  Common values are cached.
+func IntOfInt16(i int16) Int {
+	return IntOfInt64(int64(i))
+}
+
+// IntOfInt32 turns the given int32 into an Int.  Common values are cached.
+func IntOfInt32(i int32) Int {
+	return IntOfInt64(int64(i))
+}
+
+// IntOfInt64 turns the given int64 into an Int.  Common values are cached.
+func IntOfInt64(i int64) Int {
+	switch i {
+	case -1:
+		return NegativeOne
+	case 0:
+		return Zero
+	case 1:
+		return One
+	case 2:
+		return Two
+	case 5:
+		return Five
+	case 10:
+		return Ten
+	default:
+		return intOf(big.NewInt(i))
+	}
+}
+
+// IntOfUint turns the given uint into an Int.  Common values are cached.
+func IntOfUint(i uint) Int {
+	return IntOfUint64(uint64(i))
+}
+
+// IntOfUint8 turns the given uint8 into an Int.  Common values are cached.
+func IntOfUint8(i uint8) Int {
+	return IntOfUint64(uint64(i))
+}
+
+// IntOfUint16 turns the given uint16 into an Int.  Common values are cached.
+func IntOfUint16(i uint16) Int {
+	return IntOfUint64(uint64(i))
+}
+
+// IntOfUint32 turns the given uint32 into an Int.  Common values are cached.
+func IntOfUint32(i uint32) Int {
+	return IntOfUint64(uint64(i))
+}
+
+// IntOfUint64 turns the given uint64 into an Int.  Common values are cached.
+func IntOfUint64(i uint64) Int {
+	switch i {
+	case 0:
+		return Zero
+	case 1:
+		return One
+	case 2:
+		return Two
+	case 5:
+		return Five
+	case 10:
+		return Ten
+	default:
+		return intOf(new(big.Int).SetUint64(i))
+	}
+}
+
+// IntOfString parses the given string as an Int, panicking on failure.
+func IntOfString(s string) Int {
+	switch s {
+	case "-1":
+		return NegativeOne
+	case "0":
+		return Zero
+	case "1":
+		return One
+	case "2":
+		return Two
+	case "5":
+		return Five
+	case "10":
+		return Ten
+	default:
+		i, ok := new(big.Int).SetString(s, 0)
+		if !ok {
+			panic("Unable to parse string as int: " + s)
+		} else {
+			return intOf(i)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// IntOfAny converts from many different things to Int.  Note that
+// switch-on-type does a linear search, so this can be slow for less common
+// cases.
+func IntOfAny(x interface{}) Int {
+	switch x := x.(type) {
+	// Try and put the most common cases earliest.
+	case Int:
+		return x
+	case int:
+		return IntOfInt(x)
+	case string:
+		return IntOfString(x)
+	case uint:
+		return IntOfUint(x)
+	case Char:
+		return IntOfInt32(rune(x))
+	case int32:
+		return IntOfInt32(x)
+	case int64:
+		return IntOfInt64(x)
+	case uint32:
+		return IntOfUint32(x)
+	case uint64:
+		return IntOfUint64(x)
+	case int8:
+		return IntOfInt8(x)
+	case uint8:
+		return IntOfUint8(x)
+	case int16:
+		return IntOfInt16(x)
+	case uint16:
+		return IntOfUint16(x)
+	default:
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected type for IntToAny: %v", refl.TypeOf(x)))
+	}
+}
+
+// Int converts back into an int.  If the result is not within int range,
+// the value is undefined.
+func (i Int) Int() int {
+	return int(i.impl.Int64())
+}
+
+// Int8 converts back into an int8.  If the result is not within int8 range,
+// the value is undefined.
+func (i Int) Int8() int8 {
+	return int8(i.impl.Int64())
+}
+
+// Int16 converts back into an int16.  If the result is not within int16 range,
+// the value is undefined.
+func (i Int) Int16() int16 {
+	return int16(i.impl.Int64())
+}
+
+// Int32 converts back into an int32.  If the result is not within int32 range,
+// the value is undefined.
+func (i Int) Int32() int32 {
+	return int32(i.impl.Int64())
+}
+
+// Int64 converts back to an int64.  If the result is not within int64 range,
+// the value is undefined.
+func (i Int) Int64() int64 {
+	return i.impl.Int64()
+}
+
+// Uint converts back to a uint.  If the result is not within uint range, the
+// value is undefined.
+func (i Int) Uint() uint {
+	return uint(i.impl.Uint64())
+}
+
+// Uint8 converts back to a uint8.  If the result is not within uint8 range, the
+// value is undefined.
+func (i Int) Uint8() uint8 {
+	return uint8(i.impl.Uint64())
+}
+
+// Uint16 converts back to a uint16.  If the result is not within uint16 range,
+// the value is undefined.
+func (i Int) Uint16() uint16 {
+	return uint16(i.impl.Uint64())
+}
+
+// Uint32 converts back to a uint32.  If the result is not within uint32 range,
+// the value is undefined.
+func (i Int) Uint32() uint32 {
+	return uint32(i.impl.Uint64())
+}
+
+// Uint64 converts back to a uint64.  If the result is not within uint64 range,
+// the value is undefined.
+func (i Int) Uint64() uint64 {
+	return i.impl.Uint64()
+}
+
+func (i Int) String() string {
+	return i.impl.String()
+}
+
+// NegativeOne is the constant -1.
+var NegativeOne = intOf(big.NewInt(-1))
+
+// Zero is the constant 0.
+var Zero = intOf(big.NewInt(0))
+
+// One is the constant 1.
+var One = intOf(big.NewInt(1))
+
+// Two is the constant 2.
+var Two = intOf(big.NewInt(2))
+
+// Five is the constant 5.
+var Five = intOf(big.NewInt(5))
+
+// Ten is the constant 10.
+var Ten = intOf(big.NewInt(10))
+
+// NilInt is a missing int value.
+var NilInt = intOf(nil)
+
+// IsNilInt returns whether this Int is actually a missing value.
+func (i Int) IsNilInt() bool {
+	return i.impl == nil
+}
+
+func (i Int) binOp(j Int, f func(*big.Int, *big.Int, *big.Int) *big.Int) Int {
+	return intOf(f(new(big.Int), i.impl, j.impl))
+}
+
+// Plus adds two Ints.
+func (i Int) Plus(j Int) Int {
+	return i.binOp(j, (*big.Int).Add)
+}
+
+// Minus subtracts one Int from another.
+func (i Int) Minus(j Int) Int {
+	return i.binOp(j, (*big.Int).Sub)
+}
+
+// Times multiplies two Ints.
+func (i Int) Times(j Int) Int {
+	return i.binOp(j, (*big.Int).Mul)
+}
+
+// DivBy divides one Int by another.  (So named to distinguish from
+// big.Int.Div(), which is an in-place operation.)
+func (i Int) DivBy(j Int) Int {
+	return i.binOp(j, (*big.Int).Div)
+}
+
+// Modulo takes the remainder when dividing one Int by another.  (So named to
+// distinguish from big.Int.Mod(), which performs the operation in place.)
+func (i Int) Modulo(j Int) Int {
+	return i.binOp(j, (*big.Int).Mod)
+}
+
+// Negated negates an Int.
+func (i Int) Negated() Int {
+	return intOf(new(big.Int).Neg(i.impl))
+}
+
+// Lsh performs a left shift.
+func (i Int) Lsh(j Int) Int {
+	return intOf(new(big.Int).Lsh(i.impl, uint(j.Uint64())))
+}
+
+// Rsh performs a right shift.
+func (i Int) Rsh(j Int) Int {
+	return intOf(new(big.Int).Rsh(i.impl, uint(j.Uint64())))
+}
+
+// Lrot performs a left rotate on a BV with width w.
+func (i BV) Lrot(j Int, w uint) BV {
+	// (i <<< j) == ((i << j) % 2^w) | (i >> (w-j))
+
+	ju := uint(j.Uint64())
+	l := new(big.Int).Lsh(i.impl, ju)
+	modulus := new(big.Int).Lsh(One.impl, w)
+	l.Mod(l, modulus)
+	r := modulus.Rsh(i.impl, w-ju) // reuse memory from modulus
+	return intOf(l.Or(l, r))
+}
+
+// Rrot performs a right rotate on a BV with width w.
+func (i BV) Rrot(j BV, w uint) BV {
+	// (i >>> j) == ((i << (w-j)) % 2^w) | (i >> j)
+
+	ju := uint(j.Uint64())
+	l := new(big.Int).Lsh(i.impl, w-ju)
+	modulus := new(big.Int).Lsh(One.impl, w)
+	l.Mod(l, modulus)
+	r := modulus.Rsh(i.impl, ju) // reuse memory from modulus
+	return intOf(l.Or(l, r))
+}
+
+// Cmp compares two Ints, returning -1 for less, 0 for equal, or 1 for greater.
+func (i Int) Cmp(j Int) int {
+	return i.impl.Cmp(j.impl)
+}
+
+// Sign returns the sign of an Int, returning -1 for negative, 0 for zero, or
+// 1 for positive.
+func (i Int) Sign() int {
+	return i.impl.Sign()
+}
+
+// EqualsGeneric compares an int to another value.
+func (i Int) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	j, ok := other.(Int)
+	return ok && i.Cmp(j) == 0
+}
+
+// Min returns the minimum of two integers.
+func (i Int) Min(j Int) Int {
+	if i.Cmp(j) <= 0 {
+		return i
+	} else {
+		return j
+	}
+}
+
+// Max returns the maximum of two integers.
+func (i Int) Max(j Int) Int {
+	if i.Cmp(j) >= 0 {
+		return i
+	} else {
+		return j
+	}
+}
+
+// And performs bitwise AND.
+func (i Int) And(j Int) Int {
+	return i.binOp(j, (*big.Int).And)
+}
+
+// Or performs bitwise OR.
+func (i Int) Or(j Int) Int {
+	return i.binOp(j, (*big.Int).Or)
+}
+
+// Xor performs bitwise XOR.
+func (i Int) Xor(j Int) Int {
+	return i.binOp(j, (*big.Int).Xor)
+}
+
+// Not performs bitwise NOT.
+func (i Int) Not() Int {
+	return intOf(new(big.Int).Not(i.impl))
+}
+
+func (i Int) isPowerOf10() (bool, int) {
+	if i.Cmp(Zero) != 1 {
+		return false, -1
+	}
+	n := 0
+	j := i
+	for {
+		if j.Cmp(One) == 0 {
+			return true, n
+		} else if j.Modulo(Ten).Cmp(Zero) != 0 {
+			return false, -1
+		} else {
+			j = j.DivBy(Ten)
+			n++
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (i Int) dividesAPowerOf10() (yes bool, factor Int, log10 int) {
+	if i.Cmp(Zero) != 1 {
+		return false, Zero, -1
+		// okay, so technically you could multiply by a
+		// negative number, but that's not useful to
+		// Real.String().
+	}
+	n := 0
+	j := i
+	fact := One
+	for {
+		if j.Cmp(One) == 0 {
+			return true, One, n
+		} else if j.Modulo(Ten).Cmp(Zero) != 0 {
+			if j.Modulo(Five).Cmp(Zero) == 0 {
+				for {
+					fact = fact.Times(Two)
+					j = j.DivBy(Five)
+					n++
+					if j.Cmp(One) == 0 {
+						return true, fact, n
+					} else if j.Modulo(Five).Cmp(Zero) != 0 {
+						return false, NegativeOne, -1
+					}
+				}
+			} else if j.Modulo(Two).Cmp(Zero) == 0 {
+				for {
+					fact = fact.Times(Five)
+					j = j.DivBy(Two)
+					n++
+					if j.Cmp(One) == 0 {
+						return true, fact, n
+					} else if j.Modulo(Two).Cmp(Zero) != 0 {
+						return false, NegativeOne, -1
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				return false, NegativeOne, -1
+			}
+		} else {
+			j = j.DivBy(Ten)
+			n++
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// IntegerRange returns an iterator over the integers from lo up to (but not
+// including) hi.
+func IntegerRange(lo, hi Int) Iterator {
+	if lo.impl != nil {
+		i := lo
+		return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+			if hi.impl != nil && i.Cmp(hi) >= 0 {
+				return nil, false
+			} else {
+				ans := i
+				i = i.Plus(One)
+				return ans, true
+			}
+		}
+	} else if hi.impl != nil {
+		i := hi
+		return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+			ans := i
+			i = i.Minus(One)
+			return ans, true
+		}
+	} else {
+		return AllIntegers()
+	}
+}
+
+// AllIntegers returns an iterator over all integers, starting at zero and
+// alternating between positive and negative.
+func AllIntegers() Iterator {
+	type phase int
+	const (
+		zeroPhase int = iota
+		posPhase
+		negPhase
+	)
+
+	i := Zero
+	p := zeroPhase
+
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		switch p {
+		case zeroPhase:
+			i = One
+			p = posPhase
+			return Zero, true
+		case posPhase:
+			p = negPhase
+			return i, true
+		case negPhase:
+			ans := i.Negated()
+			i = i.Plus(One)
+			p = posPhase
+			return ans, true
+		default:
+			panic("unknown phase")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Ordinals
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// An Ord is an immutable big integer (presumed to be non-negative).
+type Ord = Int
+
+// IsLimitOrd returns true for a limit ordinal.
+func (ord Ord) IsLimitOrd() bool {
+	return ord.Cmp(Zero) == 0
+}
+
+// IsSuccOrd returns true for a successor ordinal.
+func (ord Ord) IsSuccOrd() bool {
+	return ord.Cmp(Zero) > 0
+}
+
+// OrdOffset returns the ordinal as an Int.
+func (ord Ord) OrdOffset() Int {
+	return ord
+}
+
+// IsNatOrd returns true if the ordinal represents a natural number.
+func (Ord) IsNatOrd() bool {
+	return true // at run time, every ORDINAL is a natural number
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Reals
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// A Real is an arbitrary-precision real number, represented as a ratio of
+// arbitrary-precision integers.
+type Real struct {
+	impl *big.Rat
+	// debug string
+}
+
+func realOf(r *big.Rat) Real {
+	return Real{
+		impl: r,
+		// debug: r.String()
+	}
+}
+
+// RealOf converts a float64 into a Real.  Common values are cached.
+func RealOf(f float64) Real {
+	if f == 0.0 {
+		return ZeroReal
+	}
+	return realOf(new(big.Rat).SetFloat64(f))
+}
+
+// RealOfFrac makes a Real of the ratio of two Ints.
+func RealOfFrac(num, denom Int) Real {
+	if num.Cmp(Zero) == 0 {
+		return ZeroReal
+	}
+	return realOf(new(big.Rat).SetFrac(num.impl, denom.impl))
+}
+
+// ZeroReal is the Real value zero.
+var ZeroReal = realOf(new(big.Rat))
+
+// NilReal is a missing Real value.
+var NilReal = realOf(nil)
+
+// IsNilReal returns whether this is actually a missing value.
+func (x Real) IsNilReal() bool {
+	return x.impl == nil
+}
+
+// RealOfString parses the given string in base 10 and panics if this is not
+// possible.
+func RealOfString(s string) Real {
+	x, ok := new(big.Rat).SetString(s)
+	if !ok {
+		panic("Can't parse generated string as ratio: \"" + s + "\"")
+	}
+	if x.Cmp(ZeroReal.impl) == 0 {
+		return ZeroReal
+	}
+	return realOf(x)
+}
+
+// Int converts the given real to an integer, rounding toward negative numbers.
+// (That is, returns floor(x).)
+func (x Real) Int() Int {
+	if x.Cmp(ZeroReal) == 0 || x.Denom().Cmp(One) == 0 {
+		return x.Num()
+	} else if x.Num().Cmp(Zero) > 0 {
+		return intOf(new(big.Int).Div(x.impl.Num(), x.impl.Denom()))
+	} else {
+		a := new(big.Int).Sub(x.impl.Num(), x.impl.Denom())
+		a.Add(a, One.impl)
+		return intOf(a.Quo(a, x.impl.Denom())) // note: *truncated* division
+	}
+}
+
+// Num returns the given Real's numerator as an Int
+func (x Real) Num() Int {
+	return intOf(x.impl.Num())
+}
+
+// Denom returns the given Real's denominator as an Int
+func (x Real) Denom() Int {
+	return intOf(x.impl.Denom())
+}
+
+func (x Real) String() string {
+	if x.Num().Cmp(Zero) == 0 || x.Denom().Cmp(One) == 0 {
+		return x.Num().String() + ".0"
+	}
+	divsPow10, fact, log10 := x.Denom().dividesAPowerOf10()
+	if divsPow10 {
+		num := x.Num().Times(fact)
+		var sign, digits string
+		if x.Cmp(ZeroReal) < 0 {
+			sign, digits = "-", num.Negated().String()
+		} else {
+			sign, digits = "", num.String()
+		}
+		if log10 < len(digits) {
+			n := len(digits) - log10
+			return sign + digits[0:n] + "." + digits[n:]
+		} else {
+			s := sign + "0."
+			for i := 0; i < log10-len(digits); i++ {
+				s = s + "0"
+			}
+			return s + digits
+		}
+	} else {
+		return "(" + x.Num().String() + ".0 / " + x.Denom().String() + ".0)"
+	}
+}
+
+func (x Real) isPowerOf10() (bool, int) {
+	if x.Num().Cmp(Zero) != 1 {
+		return false, -1
+	} else if x.Num().Cmp(One) == 1 {
+		b, i := x.Denom().isPowerOf10()
+		return b, -i
+	} else if x.Denom().Cmp(One) != 1 {
+		return false, -1
+	} else {
+		return x.Num().isPowerOf10()
+	}
+}
+
+// binOp lifts a binary operation on *big.Rat to one on Reals.  The second
+// argument is intended to be of the form (*big.Rat).Op.
+func (x Real) binOp(y Real, f func(*big.Rat, *big.Rat, *big.Rat) *big.Rat) Real {
+	return realOf(f(new(big.Rat), x.impl, y.impl))
+}
+
+// Plus adds two Reals.
+func (x Real) Plus(y Real) Real {
+	return x.binOp(y, (*big.Rat).Add)
+}
+
+// Minus subtracts one Real from another.
+func (x Real) Minus(y Real) Real {
+	return x.binOp(y, (*big.Rat).Sub)
+}
+
+// Times multiplies two Reals.
+func (x Real) Times(y Real) Real {
+	return x.binOp(y, (*big.Rat).Mul)
+}
+
+// DivBy divides one Real by another.
+func (x Real) DivBy(y Real) Real {
+	return x.binOp(y, (*big.Rat).Quo)
+}
+
+// Cmp compares one Real to another, returning -1 for less, 0 for equal, or 1
+// for greater.
+func (x Real) Cmp(y Real) int {
+	return x.impl.Cmp(y.impl)
+}
+
+// Sign returns the sign of a Real, returning -1 for negative, 0 for zero, or
+// 1 for positive.
+func (x Real) Sign() int {
+	return x.impl.Sign()
+}
+
+// EqualsGeneric compares an int to another value.
+func (x Real) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	y, ok := other.(Real)
+	return ok && x.Cmp(y) == 0
+}
+
+// Min returns the minimum of two reals.
+func (x Real) Min(y Real) Real {
+	if x.Cmp(y) <= 0 {
+		return x
+	} else {
+		return y
+	}
+}
+
+// Max returns the maximum of two reals.
+func (x Real) Max(y Real) Real {
+	if x.Cmp(y) >= 0 {
+		return x
+	} else {
+		return y
+	}
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Native math
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+// DivInt does Euclidean division on the given ints
+func DivInt(x int, y int) int {
+	if x >= 0 {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return x / y
+		} else {
+			return -(x / -y)
+		}
+	} else {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return -((-x - 1) / y) - 1
+		} else {
+			return ((-x - 1) / (-y)) + 1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// DivInt8 does Euclidean divison on the given int8s
+func DivInt8(x int8, y int8) int8 {
+	if x >= 0 {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return x / y
+		} else {
+			return -(x / -y)
+		}
+	} else {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return -((-x - 1) / y) - 1
+		} else {
+			return ((-x - 1) / (-y)) + 1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// DivInt16 does Euclidean divison on the given int16s
+func DivInt16(x int16, y int16) int16 {
+	if x >= 0 {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return x / y
+		} else {
+			return -(x / -y)
+		}
+	} else {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return -((-x - 1) / y) - 1
+		} else {
+			return ((-x - 1) / (-y)) + 1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// DivInt32 does Euclidean divison on the given int32s
+func DivInt32(x int32, y int32) int32 {
+	if x >= 0 {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return x / y
+		} else {
+			return -(x / -y)
+		}
+	} else {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return -((-x - 1) / y) - 1
+		} else {
+			return ((-x - 1) / (-y)) + 1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// DivInt64 does Euclidean divison on the given int64s
+func DivInt64(x int64, y int64) int64 {
+	if x >= 0 {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return x / y
+		} else {
+			return -(x / -y)
+		}
+	} else {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return -((-x - 1) / y) - 1
+		} else {
+			return ((-x - 1) / (-y)) + 1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// DivFloat32 does Euclidean division on the given float32s
+func DivFloat32(x float32, y float32) float32 {
+	if x >= 0 {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return x / y
+		} else {
+			return -(x / -y)
+		}
+	} else {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return -((-x - 1) / y) - 1
+		} else {
+			return ((-x - 1) / (-y)) + 1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// DivFloat64 does Euclidean division on the given float64s
+func DivFloat64(x float64, y float64) float64 {
+	if x >= 0 {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return x / y
+		} else {
+			return -(x / -y)
+		}
+	} else {
+		if y >= 0 {
+			return -((-x - 1) / y) - 1
+		} else {
+			return ((-x - 1) / (-y)) + 1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// LrotUint performs left rotation on the low w bits of an int
+func LrotUint(x uint, n Int, w uint) uint {
+	y := n.Uint()
+	return ((x << y) % (1 << w)) | (x >> (w - y))
+}
+
+// LrotUint8 performs left rotation on the low w bits of an int8
+func LrotUint8(x uint8, n Int, w uint) uint8 {
+	y := n.Uint()
+	return ((x << y) % (1 << w)) | (x >> (w - y))
+}
+
+// LrotUint16 performs left rotation on the low w bits of an int16
+func LrotUint16(x uint16, n Int, w uint) uint16 {
+	y := n.Uint()
+	return ((x << y) % (1 << w)) | (x >> (w - y))
+}
+
+// LrotUint32 performs left rotation on the low w bits of an int32
+func LrotUint32(x uint32, n Int, w uint) uint32 {
+	y := n.Uint()
+	return ((x << y) % (1 << w)) | (x >> (w - y))
+}
+
+// LrotUint64 performs left rotation on the low w bits of an int64
+func LrotUint64(x uint64, n Int, w uint) uint64 {
+	y := n.Uint()
+	return ((x << y) % (1 << w)) | (x >> (w - y))
+}
+
+// ModInt finds Euclidean remainder of the given ints
+func ModInt(x int, y int) int {
+	if y < 0 {
+		y = -y
+	}
+	if x >= 0 {
+		return x % y
+	} else {
+		z := (-x) % y
+		if z == 0 {
+			return 0
+		} else {
+			return y - z
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ModInt8 finds Euclidean remainder of the given int8s
+func ModInt8(x int8, y int8) int8 {
+	if y < 0 {
+		y = -y
+	}
+	if x >= 0 {
+		return x % y
+	} else {
+		z := (-x) % y
+		if z == 0 {
+			return 0
+		} else {
+			return y - z
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ModInt16 finds Euclidean remainder of the given int16s
+func ModInt16(x int16, y int16) int16 {
+	if y < 0 {
+		y = -y
+	}
+	if x >= 0 {
+		return x % y
+	} else {
+		z := (-x) % y
+		if z == 0 {
+			return 0
+		} else {
+			return y - z
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ModInt32 finds Euclidean remainder of the given int32s
+func ModInt32(x int32, y int32) int32 {
+	if y < 0 {
+		y = -y
+	}
+	if x >= 0 {
+		return x % y
+	} else {
+		z := (-x) % y
+		if z == 0 {
+			return 0
+		} else {
+			return y - z
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ModInt64 finds Euclidean remainder of the given int64s
+func ModInt64(x int64, y int64) int64 {
+	if y < 0 {
+		y = -y
+	}
+	if x >= 0 {
+		return x % y
+	} else {
+		z := (-x) % y
+		if z == 0 {
+			return 0
+		} else {
+			return y - z
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// RrotUint performs right rotation on the low w bits of an int
+func RrotUint(x uint, n Int, w uint) uint {
+	y := n.Uint()
+	return (x >> y) | ((x << (w - y)) % (1 << w))
+}
+
+// RrotUint8 performs right rotation on the low w bits of an int8
+func RrotUint8(x uint8, n Int, w uint) uint8 {
+	y := n.Uint()
+	return (x >> y) | ((x << (w - y)) % (1 << w))
+}
+
+// RrotUint16 performs right rotation on the low w bits of an int16
+func RrotUint16(x uint16, n Int, w uint) uint16 {
+	y := n.Uint()
+	return (x >> y) | ((x << (w - y)) % (1 << w))
+}
+
+// RrotUint32 performs right rotation on the low w bits of an int32
+func RrotUint32(x uint32, n Int, w uint) uint32 {
+	y := n.Uint()
+	return (x >> y) | ((x << (w - y)) % (1 << w))
+}
+
+// RrotUint64 performs right rotation on the low w bits of an int64
+func RrotUint64(x uint64, n Int, w uint) uint64 {
+	y := n.Uint()
+	return (x >> y) | ((x << (w - y)) % (1 << w))
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************
+ * Utility functions
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+func min(n, m int) int {
+	if n <= m {
+		return n
+	} else {
+		return m
+	}
+}
+
+func max(n, m int) int {
+	if n >= m {
+		return n
+	} else {
+		return m
+	}
+}
+
+func CatchHalt() {
+	if r := recover(); r != nil {
+		fmt.Println("[Program halted]", r)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+}
+
+type GoAtomicBox struct {
+	value interface{}
+}
+
+func (box GoAtomicBox) Get() interface{} {
+	return box.value
+}
+
+func (box GoAtomicBox) Put(value interface{}) {
+	box.value = value
+}
+
+func (box GoAtomicBox) String() string {
+	return "dafny.GoAtomicBox"
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_AtomicBox_) Make(value interface{}) AtomicBox {
+	return GoAtomicBox{
+		value: value,
+	}
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_Helpers_) DafnyValueToDafnyString(value interface{}) Sequence {
+	return SeqOfString(String(value))
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9b2237d782a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
@@ -0,0 +1,1305 @@
+// Package dafny
+// Dafny module dafny compiled into Go
+
+package dafny
+
+type Dummy__ struct{}
+
+// Definition of class Default__
+type Default__ struct {
+	dummy byte
+}
+
+func New_Default___() *Default__ {
+	_this := Default__{}
+
+	return &_this
+}
+
+type CompanionStruct_Default___ struct {
+}
+
+var Companion_Default___ = CompanionStruct_Default___{}
+
+func (_this *Default__) Equals(other *Default__) bool {
+	return _this == other
+}
+
+func (_this *Default__) EqualsGeneric(x interface{}) bool {
+	other, ok := x.(*Default__)
+	return ok && _this.Equals(other)
+}
+
+func (*Default__) String() string {
+	return "dafny.Default__"
+}
+func (_this *Default__) ParentTraits_() []*TraitID {
+	return [](*TraitID){}
+}
+
+var _ TraitOffspring = &Default__{}
+
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) SizeAdditionInRange(a uint32, b uint32) bool {
+	var _hresult bool = false
+	_ = _hresult
+	_hresult = (a) <= ((Companion_Default___.SIZE__T__MAX()) - (func() uint32 { return (b) })())
+	return _hresult
+	return _hresult
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) AppendRecursive(builder *Vector, e Sequence) {
+	if func(_is_0 Sequence) bool {
+		return InstanceOf(_is_0, (*ConcatSequence)(nil))
+	}(e) {
+		var _0_concat *ConcatSequence
+		_ = _0_concat
+		_0_concat = e.(*ConcatSequence)
+		Companion_Default___.AppendRecursive(builder, (_0_concat).Left())
+		Companion_Default___.AppendRecursive(builder, (_0_concat).Right())
+	} else if func(_is_1 Sequence) bool {
+		return InstanceOf(_is_1, (*LazySequence)(nil))
+	}(e) {
+		var _1_lazy *LazySequence
+		_ = _1_lazy
+		_1_lazy = e.(*LazySequence)
+		var _2_boxed Sequence
+		_ = _2_boxed
+		var _out0 interface{}
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = ((_1_lazy).Box()).Get()
+		_2_boxed = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out0)
+		Companion_Default___.AppendRecursive(builder, _2_boxed)
+	} else {
+		var _3_a ImmutableArray
+		_ = _3_a
+		var _out1 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out1
+		_out1 = (e).ToArray()
+		_3_a = _out1
+		(builder).Append(_3_a)
+	}
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) AppendOptimized(builder *Vector, e Sequence, stack *Vector) {
+	goto TAIL_CALL_START
+TAIL_CALL_START:
+	if func(_is_2 Sequence) bool {
+		return InstanceOf(_is_2, (*ConcatSequence)(nil))
+	}(e) {
+		var _4_concat *ConcatSequence
+		_ = _4_concat
+		_4_concat = e.(*ConcatSequence)
+		if !(Companion_Default___.SizeAdditionInRange(stack.Size, Companion_Default___.ONE__SIZE())) {
+			panic("dafnyRuntime.dfy[DafnyGo](766,6): " + (SeqOfString("expectation violation")).String())
+		}
+		(stack).AddLast((_4_concat).Right())
+		{
+			var _in0 *Vector = builder
+			_ = _in0
+			var _in1 Sequence = (_4_concat).Left()
+			_ = _in1
+			var _in2 *Vector = stack
+			_ = _in2
+			builder = _in0
+			e = _in1
+			stack = _in2
+			goto TAIL_CALL_START
+			goto L0_0
+		}
+	L0_0:
+	} else if func(_is_3 Sequence) bool {
+		return InstanceOf(_is_3, (*LazySequence)(nil))
+	}(e) {
+		var _5_lazy *LazySequence
+		_ = _5_lazy
+		_5_lazy = e.(*LazySequence)
+		var _6_boxed Sequence
+		_ = _6_boxed
+		var _out2 interface{}
+		_ = _out2
+		_out2 = ((_5_lazy).Box()).Get()
+		_6_boxed = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out2)
+		var _in3 *Vector = builder
+		_ = _in3
+		var _in4 Sequence = _6_boxed
+		_ = _in4
+		var _in5 *Vector = stack
+		_ = _in5
+		builder = _in3
+		e = _in4
+		stack = _in5
+		goto TAIL_CALL_START
+	} else if func(_is_4 Sequence) bool {
+		return InstanceOf(_is_4, (*ArraySequence)(nil))
+	}(e) {
+		var _7_a *ArraySequence
+		_ = _7_a
+		_7_a = e.(*ArraySequence)
+		(builder).Append((_7_a).Values())
+		if (uint32(0)) < (stack.Size) {
+			var _8_next Sequence
+			_ = _8_next
+			var _out3 interface{}
+			_ = _out3
+			_out3 = (stack).RemoveLast()
+			_8_next = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out3)
+			{
+				var _in6 *Vector = builder
+				_ = _in6
+				var _in7 Sequence = _8_next
+				_ = _in7
+				var _in8 *Vector = stack
+				_ = _in8
+				builder = _in6
+				e = _in7
+				stack = _in8
+				goto TAIL_CALL_START
+				goto L1_1_0_0_0
+			}
+		L1_1_0_0_0:
+		}
+	} else {
+		if !(false) {
+			panic("dafnyRuntime.dfy[DafnyGo](789,6): " + (SeqOfString("Unsupported Sequence implementation")).String())
+		}
+	}
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) MIN__SIZE__T__LIMIT() Int {
+	return IntOfInt64(128)
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) SIZE__T__LIMIT() Int {
+	return IntOfInt64(2147483648)
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) SIZE__T__MAX() uint32 {
+	return ((Companion_Default___.SIZE__T__LIMIT()).Minus(One)).Uint32()
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) ZERO__SIZE() uint32 {
+	return uint32(0)
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) ONE__SIZE() uint32 {
+	return uint32(1)
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) TWO__SIZE() uint32 {
+	return uint32(2)
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) TEN__SIZE() uint32 {
+	return uint32(10)
+}
+
+// End of class Default__
+
+// Definition of trait Sequence
+type Sequence interface {
+	String() string
+	Equals(other Sequence) bool
+	EqualsGeneric(x interface{}) bool
+	VerbatimString(isLiteral bool) string
+	SetString() Sequence
+	IsString() bool
+	IsString_set_(value bool)
+	Cardinality() uint32
+	Select(index uint32) interface{}
+	Drop(lo uint32) Sequence
+	Take(hi uint32) Sequence
+	Subsequence(lo uint32, hi uint32) Sequence
+	ToArray() ImmutableArray
+	Elements() Sequence
+	UniqueElements() Set
+}
+
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) SetString(_this Sequence) Sequence {
+	{
+		var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
+		_ = ret
+		(_this).IsString_set_(true)
+		ret = _this
+		return ret
+		return ret
+	}
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Select(_this Sequence, index uint32) interface{} {
+	{
+		var ret interface{} = (interface{})(nil)
+		_ = ret
+		var _9_a ImmutableArray
+		_ = _9_a
+		var _out4 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out4
+		_out4 = (_this).ToArray()
+		_9_a = _out4
+		ret = (_9_a).Select(index)
+		return ret
+		return ret
+	}
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Drop(_this Sequence, lo uint32) Sequence {
+	{
+		var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
+		_ = ret
+		var _out5 Sequence
+		_ = _out5
+		_out5 = (_this).Subsequence(lo, (_this).Cardinality())
+		ret = _out5
+		return ret
+	}
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Take(_this Sequence, hi uint32) Sequence {
+	{
+		var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
+		_ = ret
+		var _out6 Sequence
+		_ = _out6
+		_out6 = (_this).Subsequence(uint32(0), hi)
+		ret = _out6
+		return ret
+	}
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Subsequence(_this Sequence, lo uint32, hi uint32) Sequence {
+	{
+		var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
+		_ = ret
+		var _10_a ImmutableArray
+		_ = _10_a
+		var _out7 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out7
+		_out7 = (_this).ToArray()
+		_10_a = _out7
+		var _11_subarray ImmutableArray
+		_ = _11_subarray
+		var _out8 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out8
+		_out8 = (_10_a).Subarray(lo, hi)
+		_11_subarray = _out8
+		var _nw0 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
+		_ = _nw0
+		_nw0.Ctor__(_11_subarray, false)
+		ret = _nw0
+		return ret
+	}
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Elements(_this Sequence) Sequence {
+	{
+		return _this
+	}
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Create(cardinality uint32, initFn func(uint32) interface{}) Sequence {
+	var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
+	_ = ret
+	var _12_a NativeArray
+	_ = _12_a
+	var _out9 NativeArray
+	_ = _out9
+	_out9 = Companion_NativeArray_.MakeWithInit(cardinality, func(coer0 func(uint32) interface{}) func(uint32) interface{} {
+		return func(arg0 uint32) interface{} {
+			return coer0(arg0)
+		}
+	}(initFn))
+	_12_a = _out9
+	var _13_frozen ImmutableArray
+	_ = _13_frozen
+	var _out10 ImmutableArray
+	_ = _out10
+	_out10 = (_12_a).Freeze(cardinality)
+	_13_frozen = _out10
+	var _nw1 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
+	_ = _nw1
+	_nw1.Ctor__(_13_frozen, false)
+	ret = _nw1
+	return ret
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) EqualUpTo(left Sequence, right Sequence, index uint32) bool {
+	var ret bool = false
+	_ = ret
+	var _hi0 uint32 = index
+	_ = _hi0
+	for _14_i := uint32(0); _14_i < _hi0; _14_i++ {
+		var _15_leftElement interface{}
+		_ = _15_leftElement
+		var _out11 interface{}
+		_ = _out11
+		_out11 = (left).Select(_14_i)
+		_15_leftElement = _out11
+		var _16_rightElement interface{}
+		_ = _16_rightElement
+		var _out12 interface{}
+		_ = _out12
+		_out12 = (right).Select(_14_i)
+		_16_rightElement = _out12
+		if !AreEqual(_15_leftElement, _16_rightElement) {
+			ret = false
+			return ret
+		}
+	}
+	ret = true
+	return ret
+	return ret
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Equal(left Sequence, right Sequence) bool {
+	var ret bool = false
+	_ = ret
+	if ((left).Cardinality()) != ((right).Cardinality()) /* dircomp */ {
+		ret = false
+		return ret
+	}
+	var _out13 bool
+	_ = _out13
+	_out13 = Companion_Sequence_.EqualUpTo(left, right, (left).Cardinality())
+	ret = _out13
+	return ret
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) IsPrefixOf(left Sequence, right Sequence) bool {
+	var ret bool = false
+	_ = ret
+	if ((right).Cardinality()) < ((left).Cardinality()) {
+		ret = false
+		return ret
+	}
+	var _out14 bool
+	_ = _out14
+	_out14 = Companion_Sequence_.EqualUpTo(left, right, (left).Cardinality())
+	ret = _out14
+	return ret
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) IsProperPrefixOf(left Sequence, right Sequence) bool {
+	var ret bool = false
+	_ = ret
+	if ((right).Cardinality()) <= ((left).Cardinality()) {
+		ret = false
+		return ret
+	}
+	var _out15 bool
+	_ = _out15
+	_out15 = Companion_Sequence_.EqualUpTo(left, right, (left).Cardinality())
+	ret = _out15
+	return ret
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Contains(s Sequence, t interface{}) bool {
+	var _hresult bool = false
+	_ = _hresult
+	var _hi1 uint32 = (s).Cardinality()
+	_ = _hi1
+	for _17_i := Companion_Default___.ZERO__SIZE(); _17_i < _hi1; _17_i++ {
+		var _18_element interface{}
+		_ = _18_element
+		var _out16 interface{}
+		_ = _out16
+		_out16 = (s).Select(_17_i)
+		_18_element = _out16
+		if AreEqual(_18_element, t) {
+			_hresult = true
+			return _hresult
+		}
+	}
+	_hresult = false
+	return _hresult
+	return _hresult
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Update(s Sequence, i uint32, t interface{}) Sequence {
+	var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
+	_ = ret
+	var _19_a ImmutableArray
+	_ = _19_a
+	var _out17 ImmutableArray
+	_ = _out17
+	_out17 = (s).ToArray()
+	_19_a = _out17
+	var _20_newValue NativeArray
+	_ = _20_newValue
+	var _out18 NativeArray
+	_ = _out18
+	_out18 = Companion_NativeArray_.Copy(_19_a)
+	_20_newValue = _out18
+	(_20_newValue).Update(i, t)
+	var _21_newValueFrozen ImmutableArray
+	_ = _21_newValueFrozen
+	var _out19 ImmutableArray
+	_ = _out19
+	_out19 = (_20_newValue).Freeze((_20_newValue).Length())
+	_21_newValueFrozen = _out19
+	var _nw2 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
+	_ = _nw2
+	_nw2.Ctor__(_21_newValueFrozen, false)
+	ret = _nw2
+	return ret
+}
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Concatenate(left Sequence, right Sequence) Sequence {
+	var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
+	_ = ret
+	if !(Companion_Default___.SizeAdditionInRange((left).Cardinality(), (right).Cardinality())) {
+		panic("dafnyRuntime.dfy[DafnyGo](594,6): " + (Companion_Sequence_.Concatenate(Companion_Sequence_.Concatenate(SeqOfString("Concatenation result cardinality would be larger than the maximum ("), Companion_Helpers_.DafnyValueToDafnyString(Companion_Default___.SIZE__T__MAX())), SeqOfString(")"))).String())
+	}
+	var _22_left_k Sequence
+	_ = _22_left_k
+	_22_left_k = left
+	if func(_is_5 Sequence) bool {
+		return InstanceOf(_is_5, (*LazySequence)(nil))
+	}(left) {
+		var _23_lazyLeft *LazySequence
+		_ = _23_lazyLeft
+		_23_lazyLeft = left.(*LazySequence)
+		var _out20 interface{}
+		_ = _out20
+		_out20 = ((_23_lazyLeft).Box()).Get()
+		_22_left_k = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out20)
+	}
+	var _24_right_k Sequence
+	_ = _24_right_k
+	_24_right_k = right
+	if func(_is_6 Sequence) bool {
+		return InstanceOf(_is_6, (*LazySequence)(nil))
+	}(right) {
+		var _25_lazyRight *LazySequence
+		_ = _25_lazyRight
+		_25_lazyRight = right.(*LazySequence)
+		var _out21 interface{}
+		_ = _out21
+		_out21 = ((_25_lazyRight).Box()).Get()
+		_24_right_k = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out21)
+	}
+	var _26_c *ConcatSequence
+	_ = _26_c
+	var _nw3 *ConcatSequence = New_ConcatSequence_()
+	_ = _nw3
+	_nw3.Ctor__(_22_left_k, _24_right_k)
+	_26_c = _nw3
+	var _nw4 *LazySequence = New_LazySequence_()
+	_ = _nw4
+	_nw4.Ctor__(_26_c)
+	ret = _nw4
+	return ret
+}
+
+type CompanionStruct_Sequence_ struct {
+	TraitID_ *TraitID
+}
+
+var Companion_Sequence_ = CompanionStruct_Sequence_{
+	TraitID_: &TraitID{},
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_Sequence_) CastTo_(x interface{}) Sequence {
+	var t Sequence
+	t, _ = x.(Sequence)
+	return t
+}
+
+// End of trait Sequence
+
+// Definition of trait Validatable
+type Validatable interface {
+	String() string
+}
+type CompanionStruct_Validatable_ struct {
+	TraitID_ *TraitID
+}
+
+var Companion_Validatable_ = CompanionStruct_Validatable_{
+	TraitID_: &TraitID{},
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_Validatable_) CastTo_(x interface{}) Validatable {
+	var t Validatable
+	t, _ = x.(Validatable)
+	return t
+}
+
+// End of trait Validatable
+
+// Definition of class Size__t
+type Size__t struct {
+}
+
+func New_Size__t_() *Size__t {
+	_this := Size__t{}
+
+	return &_this
+}
+
+type CompanionStruct_Size__t_ struct {
+}
+
+var Companion_Size__t_ = CompanionStruct_Size__t_{}
+
+func (*Size__t) String() string {
+	return "dafny.Size__t"
+}
+func (_this *Size__t) ParentTraits_() []*TraitID {
+	return [](*TraitID){}
+}
+
+var _ TraitOffspring = &Size__t{}
+
+func (_this *CompanionStruct_Size__t_) IntegerRange(lo Int, hi Int) Iterator {
+	iter := IntegerRange(lo, hi)
+	return func() (interface{}, bool) {
+		next, ok := iter()
+		if !ok {
+			return uint32(0), false
+		}
+		return next.(Int).Uint32(), true
+	}
+}
+func (_this *CompanionStruct_Size__t_) Witness() uint32 {
+	return (Zero).Uint32()
+}
+
+// End of class Size__t
+
+func Type_Size__t_() TypeDescriptor {
+	return type_Size__t_{}
+}
+
+type type_Size__t_ struct {
+}
+
+func (_this type_Size__t_) Default() interface{} {
+	return Companion_Size__t_.Witness()
+}
+
+func (_this type_Size__t_) String() string {
+	return "dafny.Size__t"
+}
+
+// Definition of trait NativeArray
+type NativeArray interface {
+	String() string
+	Length() uint32
+	Select(i uint32) interface{}
+	Update(i uint32, t interface{})
+	UpdateSubarray(start uint32, other ImmutableArray)
+	Freeze(size uint32) ImmutableArray
+}
+type CompanionStruct_NativeArray_ struct {
+	TraitID_ *TraitID
+}
+
+var Companion_NativeArray_ = CompanionStruct_NativeArray_{
+	TraitID_: &TraitID{},
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_NativeArray_) CastTo_(x interface{}) NativeArray {
+	var t NativeArray
+	t, _ = x.(NativeArray)
+	return t
+}
+
+// End of trait NativeArray
+
+// Definition of datatype ArrayCell
+type ArrayCell struct {
+	Data_ArrayCell_
+}
+
+func (_this ArrayCell) Get_() Data_ArrayCell_ {
+	return _this.Data_ArrayCell_
+}
+
+type Data_ArrayCell_ interface {
+	isArrayCell()
+}
+
+type CompanionStruct_ArrayCell_ struct {
+}
+
+var Companion_ArrayCell_ = CompanionStruct_ArrayCell_{}
+
+type ArrayCell_Set struct {
+	Value interface{}
+}
+
+func (ArrayCell_Set) isArrayCell() {}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_ArrayCell_) Create_Set_(Value interface{}) ArrayCell {
+	return ArrayCell{ArrayCell_Set{Value}}
+}
+
+func (_this ArrayCell) Is_Set() bool {
+	_, ok := _this.Get_().(ArrayCell_Set)
+	return ok
+}
+
+type ArrayCell_Unset struct {
+}
+
+func (ArrayCell_Unset) isArrayCell() {}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_ArrayCell_) Create_Unset_() ArrayCell {
+	return ArrayCell{ArrayCell_Unset{}}
+}
+
+func (_this ArrayCell) Is_Unset() bool {
+	_, ok := _this.Get_().(ArrayCell_Unset)
+	return ok
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_ArrayCell_) Default() ArrayCell {
+	return Companion_ArrayCell_.Create_Unset_()
+}
+
+func (_this ArrayCell) Dtor_value() interface{} {
+	return _this.Get_().(ArrayCell_Set).Value
+}
+
+func (_this ArrayCell) String() string {
+	switch data := _this.Get_().(type) {
+	case nil:
+		return "null"
+	case ArrayCell_Set:
+		{
+			return "DafnyGo.ArrayCell.Set" + "(" + String(data.Value) + ")"
+		}
+	case ArrayCell_Unset:
+		{
+			return "DafnyGo.ArrayCell.Unset"
+		}
+	default:
+		{
+			return "<unexpected>"
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (_this ArrayCell) Equals(other ArrayCell) bool {
+	switch data1 := _this.Get_().(type) {
+	case ArrayCell_Set:
+		{
+			data2, ok := other.Get_().(ArrayCell_Set)
+			return ok && AreEqual(data1.Value, data2.Value)
+		}
+	case ArrayCell_Unset:
+		{
+			_, ok := other.Get_().(ArrayCell_Unset)
+			return ok
+		}
+	default:
+		{
+			return false // unexpected
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (_this ArrayCell) EqualsGeneric(other interface{}) bool {
+	typed, ok := other.(ArrayCell)
+	return ok && _this.Equals(typed)
+}
+
+func Type_ArrayCell_() TypeDescriptor {
+	return type_ArrayCell_{}
+}
+
+type type_ArrayCell_ struct {
+}
+
+func (_this type_ArrayCell_) Default() interface{} {
+	return Companion_ArrayCell_.Default()
+}
+
+func (_this type_ArrayCell_) String() string {
+	return "dafny.ArrayCell"
+}
+func (_this ArrayCell) ParentTraits_() []*TraitID {
+	return [](*TraitID){}
+}
+
+var _ TraitOffspring = ArrayCell{}
+
+// End of datatype ArrayCell
+
+// Definition of trait ImmutableArray
+type ImmutableArray interface {
+	String() string
+	Length() uint32
+	Select(index uint32) interface{}
+	Subarray(lo uint32, hi uint32) ImmutableArray
+}
+type CompanionStruct_ImmutableArray_ struct {
+	TraitID_ *TraitID
+}
+
+var Companion_ImmutableArray_ = CompanionStruct_ImmutableArray_{
+	TraitID_: &TraitID{},
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_ImmutableArray_) CastTo_(x interface{}) ImmutableArray {
+	var t ImmutableArray
+	t, _ = x.(ImmutableArray)
+	return t
+}
+
+// End of trait ImmutableArray
+
+// Definition of class Vector
+type Vector struct {
+	Storage NativeArray
+	Size    uint32
+}
+
+func New_Vector_() *Vector {
+	_this := Vector{}
+
+	_this.Storage = (NativeArray)(nil)
+	_this.Size = Companion_Size__t_.Witness()
+	return &_this
+}
+
+type CompanionStruct_Vector_ struct {
+}
+
+var Companion_Vector_ = CompanionStruct_Vector_{}
+
+func (_this *Vector) Equals(other *Vector) bool {
+	return _this == other
+}
+
+func (_this *Vector) EqualsGeneric(x interface{}) bool {
+	other, ok := x.(*Vector)
+	return ok && _this.Equals(other)
+}
+
+func (*Vector) String() string {
+	return "dafny.Vector"
+}
+
+func Type_Vector_(Type_T_ TypeDescriptor) TypeDescriptor {
+	return type_Vector_{Type_T_}
+}
+
+type type_Vector_ struct {
+	Type_T_ TypeDescriptor
+}
+
+func (_this type_Vector_) Default() interface{} {
+	return (*Vector)(nil)
+}
+
+func (_this type_Vector_) String() string {
+	return "dafny.Vector"
+}
+func (_this *Vector) ParentTraits_() []*TraitID {
+	return [](*TraitID){Companion_Validatable_.TraitID_}
+}
+
+var _ Validatable = &Vector{}
+var _ TraitOffspring = &Vector{}
+
+func (_this *Vector) Ctor__(length uint32) {
+	{
+		var _27_storage NativeArray
+		_ = _27_storage
+		var _out22 NativeArray
+		_ = _out22
+		_out22 = Companion_NativeArray_.Make(length)
+		_27_storage = _out22
+		(_this).Storage = _27_storage
+		(_this).Size = uint32(0)
+	}
+}
+func (_this *Vector) Select(index uint32) interface{} {
+	{
+		return (_this.Storage).Select(index)
+	}
+}
+func (_this *Vector) Last() interface{} {
+	{
+		return (_this.Storage).Select((_this.Size) - (func() uint32 { return (uint32(1)) })())
+	}
+}
+func (_this *Vector) AddLast(t interface{}) {
+	{
+		(_this).EnsureCapacity((_this.Size) + (Companion_Default___.ONE__SIZE()))
+		(_this.Storage).Update(_this.Size, t)
+		(_this).Size = (_this.Size) + (uint32(1))
+	}
+}
+func (_this *Vector) Max(a uint32, b uint32) uint32 {
+	{
+		if (a) < (b) {
+			return b
+		} else {
+			return a
+		}
+	}
+}
+func (_this *Vector) EnsureCapacity(newMinCapacity uint32) {
+	{
+		if ((_this.Storage).Length()) >= (newMinCapacity) {
+			return
+		}
+		var _28_newCapacity uint32
+		_ = _28_newCapacity
+		_28_newCapacity = newMinCapacity
+		if ((_this.Storage).Length()) <= ((Companion_Default___.SIZE__T__MAX()) / (Companion_Default___.TWO__SIZE())) {
+			_28_newCapacity = (_this).Max(_28_newCapacity, ((_this.Storage).Length())*(Companion_Default___.TWO__SIZE()))
+		}
+		var _29_newStorage NativeArray
+		_ = _29_newStorage
+		var _out23 NativeArray
+		_ = _out23
+		_out23 = Companion_NativeArray_.Make(_28_newCapacity)
+		_29_newStorage = _out23
+		var _30_values ImmutableArray
+		_ = _30_values
+		var _out24 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out24
+		_out24 = (_this.Storage).Freeze(_this.Size)
+		_30_values = _out24
+		(_29_newStorage).UpdateSubarray(uint32(0), _30_values)
+		(_this).Storage = _29_newStorage
+	}
+}
+func (_this *Vector) RemoveLast() interface{} {
+	{
+		var t interface{} = (interface{})(nil)
+		_ = t
+		t = (_this.Storage).Select((_this.Size) - (func() uint32 { return (uint32(1)) })())
+		(_this).Size = (_this.Size) - (func() uint32 { return (uint32(1)) })()
+		return t
+	}
+}
+func (_this *Vector) Append(other ImmutableArray) {
+	{
+		var _31_newSize uint32
+		_ = _31_newSize
+		_31_newSize = (_this.Size) + ((other).Length())
+		(_this).EnsureCapacity(_31_newSize)
+		(_this.Storage).UpdateSubarray(_this.Size, other)
+		(_this).Size = (_this.Size) + ((other).Length())
+	}
+}
+func (_this *Vector) Freeze() ImmutableArray {
+	{
+		var ret ImmutableArray = (ImmutableArray)(nil)
+		_ = ret
+		var _out25 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out25
+		_out25 = (_this.Storage).Freeze(_this.Size)
+		ret = _out25
+		return ret
+	}
+}
+
+// End of class Vector
+
+// Definition of trait AtomicBox
+type AtomicBox interface {
+	String() string
+	Get() interface{}
+	Put(t interface{})
+}
+type CompanionStruct_AtomicBox_ struct {
+	TraitID_ *TraitID
+}
+
+var Companion_AtomicBox_ = CompanionStruct_AtomicBox_{
+	TraitID_: &TraitID{},
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_AtomicBox_) CastTo_(x interface{}) AtomicBox {
+	var t AtomicBox
+	t, _ = x.(AtomicBox)
+	return t
+}
+
+// End of trait AtomicBox
+
+// Definition of class ArraySequence
+type ArraySequence struct {
+	_isString bool
+	_values   ImmutableArray
+}
+
+func New_ArraySequence_() *ArraySequence {
+	_this := ArraySequence{}
+
+	_this._isString = false
+	_this._values = (ImmutableArray)(nil)
+	return &_this
+}
+
+type CompanionStruct_ArraySequence_ struct {
+}
+
+var Companion_ArraySequence_ = CompanionStruct_ArraySequence_{}
+
+func Type_ArraySequence_(Type_T_ TypeDescriptor) TypeDescriptor {
+	return type_ArraySequence_{Type_T_}
+}
+
+type type_ArraySequence_ struct {
+	Type_T_ TypeDescriptor
+}
+
+func (_this type_ArraySequence_) Default() interface{} {
+	return (*ArraySequence)(nil)
+}
+
+func (_this type_ArraySequence_) String() string {
+	return "dafny.ArraySequence"
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) ParentTraits_() []*TraitID {
+	return [](*TraitID){Companion_Sequence_.TraitID_}
+}
+
+var _ Sequence = &ArraySequence{}
+var _ TraitOffspring = &ArraySequence{}
+
+func (_this *ArraySequence) SetString() Sequence {
+	var _out26 Sequence
+	_ = _out26
+	_out26 = Companion_Sequence_.SetString(_this)
+	return _out26
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) IsString() bool {
+	return _this._isString
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) IsString_set_(value bool) {
+	_this._isString = value
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) Select(index uint32) interface{} {
+	var _out27 interface{}
+	_ = _out27
+	_out27 = Companion_Sequence_.Select(_this, index)
+	return _out27
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) Drop(lo uint32) Sequence {
+	var _out28 Sequence
+	_ = _out28
+	_out28 = Companion_Sequence_.Drop(_this, lo)
+	return _out28
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) Take(hi uint32) Sequence {
+	var _out29 Sequence
+	_ = _out29
+	_out29 = Companion_Sequence_.Take(_this, hi)
+	return _out29
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) Subsequence(lo uint32, hi uint32) Sequence {
+	var _out30 Sequence
+	_ = _out30
+	_out30 = Companion_Sequence_.Subsequence(_this, lo, hi)
+	return _out30
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) Elements() Sequence {
+	return Companion_Sequence_.Elements(_this)
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) Ctor__(value ImmutableArray, isString bool) {
+	{
+		(_this)._values = value
+		(_this)._isString = isString
+	}
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) Cardinality() uint32 {
+	{
+		return ((_this).Values()).Length()
+	}
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) ToArray() ImmutableArray {
+	{
+		var ret ImmutableArray = (ImmutableArray)(nil)
+		_ = ret
+		ret = (_this).Values()
+		return ret
+		return ret
+	}
+}
+func (_this *ArraySequence) Values() ImmutableArray {
+	{
+		return _this._values
+	}
+}
+
+// End of class ArraySequence
+
+// Definition of class ConcatSequence
+type ConcatSequence struct {
+	_isString bool
+	_left     Sequence
+	_right    Sequence
+	_length   uint32
+}
+
+func New_ConcatSequence_() *ConcatSequence {
+	_this := ConcatSequence{}
+
+	_this._isString = false
+	_this._left = (Sequence)(nil)
+	_this._right = (Sequence)(nil)
+	_this._length = Companion_Size__t_.Witness()
+	return &_this
+}
+
+type CompanionStruct_ConcatSequence_ struct {
+}
+
+var Companion_ConcatSequence_ = CompanionStruct_ConcatSequence_{}
+
+func Type_ConcatSequence_(Type_T_ TypeDescriptor) TypeDescriptor {
+	return type_ConcatSequence_{Type_T_}
+}
+
+type type_ConcatSequence_ struct {
+	Type_T_ TypeDescriptor
+}
+
+func (_this type_ConcatSequence_) Default() interface{} {
+	return (*ConcatSequence)(nil)
+}
+
+func (_this type_ConcatSequence_) String() string {
+	return "dafny.ConcatSequence"
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) ParentTraits_() []*TraitID {
+	return [](*TraitID){Companion_Sequence_.TraitID_}
+}
+
+var _ Sequence = &ConcatSequence{}
+var _ TraitOffspring = &ConcatSequence{}
+
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) SetString() Sequence {
+	var _out31 Sequence
+	_ = _out31
+	_out31 = Companion_Sequence_.SetString(_this)
+	return _out31
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) IsString() bool {
+	return _this._isString
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) IsString_set_(value bool) {
+	_this._isString = value
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) Select(index uint32) interface{} {
+	var _out32 interface{}
+	_ = _out32
+	_out32 = Companion_Sequence_.Select(_this, index)
+	return _out32
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) Drop(lo uint32) Sequence {
+	var _out33 Sequence
+	_ = _out33
+	_out33 = Companion_Sequence_.Drop(_this, lo)
+	return _out33
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) Take(hi uint32) Sequence {
+	var _out34 Sequence
+	_ = _out34
+	_out34 = Companion_Sequence_.Take(_this, hi)
+	return _out34
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) Subsequence(lo uint32, hi uint32) Sequence {
+	var _out35 Sequence
+	_ = _out35
+	_out35 = Companion_Sequence_.Subsequence(_this, lo, hi)
+	return _out35
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) Elements() Sequence {
+	return Companion_Sequence_.Elements(_this)
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) Ctor__(left Sequence, right Sequence) {
+	{
+		(_this)._left = left
+		(_this)._right = right
+		(_this)._length = ((left).Cardinality()) + ((right).Cardinality())
+		(_this)._isString = (left.IsString()) || (right.IsString())
+	}
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) Cardinality() uint32 {
+	{
+		return (_this).Length()
+	}
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) ToArray() ImmutableArray {
+	{
+		var ret ImmutableArray = (ImmutableArray)(nil)
+		_ = ret
+		var _32_builder *Vector
+		_ = _32_builder
+		var _nw5 *Vector = New_Vector_()
+		_ = _nw5
+		_nw5.Ctor__((_this).Length())
+		_32_builder = _nw5
+		var _33_stack *Vector
+		_ = _33_stack
+		var _nw6 *Vector = New_Vector_()
+		_ = _nw6
+		_nw6.Ctor__(Companion_Default___.TEN__SIZE())
+		_33_stack = _nw6
+		Companion_Default___.AppendOptimized(_32_builder, _this, _33_stack)
+		var _out36 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out36
+		_out36 = (_32_builder).Freeze()
+		ret = _out36
+		return ret
+	}
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) Left() Sequence {
+	{
+		return _this._left
+	}
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) Right() Sequence {
+	{
+		return _this._right
+	}
+}
+func (_this *ConcatSequence) Length() uint32 {
+	{
+		return _this._length
+	}
+}
+
+// End of class ConcatSequence
+
+// Definition of class LazySequence
+type LazySequence struct {
+	_isString bool
+	_length   uint32
+	_box      AtomicBox
+}
+
+func New_LazySequence_() *LazySequence {
+	_this := LazySequence{}
+
+	_this._isString = false
+	_this._length = Companion_Size__t_.Witness()
+	_this._box = (AtomicBox)(nil)
+	return &_this
+}
+
+type CompanionStruct_LazySequence_ struct {
+}
+
+var Companion_LazySequence_ = CompanionStruct_LazySequence_{}
+
+func Type_LazySequence_(Type_T_ TypeDescriptor) TypeDescriptor {
+	return type_LazySequence_{Type_T_}
+}
+
+type type_LazySequence_ struct {
+	Type_T_ TypeDescriptor
+}
+
+func (_this type_LazySequence_) Default() interface{} {
+	return (*LazySequence)(nil)
+}
+
+func (_this type_LazySequence_) String() string {
+	return "dafny.LazySequence"
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) ParentTraits_() []*TraitID {
+	return [](*TraitID){Companion_Sequence_.TraitID_}
+}
+
+var _ Sequence = &LazySequence{}
+var _ TraitOffspring = &LazySequence{}
+
+func (_this *LazySequence) SetString() Sequence {
+	var _out37 Sequence
+	_ = _out37
+	_out37 = Companion_Sequence_.SetString(_this)
+	return _out37
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) IsString() bool {
+	return _this._isString
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) IsString_set_(value bool) {
+	_this._isString = value
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) Select(index uint32) interface{} {
+	var _out38 interface{}
+	_ = _out38
+	_out38 = Companion_Sequence_.Select(_this, index)
+	return _out38
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) Drop(lo uint32) Sequence {
+	var _out39 Sequence
+	_ = _out39
+	_out39 = Companion_Sequence_.Drop(_this, lo)
+	return _out39
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) Take(hi uint32) Sequence {
+	var _out40 Sequence
+	_ = _out40
+	_out40 = Companion_Sequence_.Take(_this, hi)
+	return _out40
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) Subsequence(lo uint32, hi uint32) Sequence {
+	var _out41 Sequence
+	_ = _out41
+	_out41 = Companion_Sequence_.Subsequence(_this, lo, hi)
+	return _out41
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) Elements() Sequence {
+	return Companion_Sequence_.Elements(_this)
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) Ctor__(wrapped Sequence) {
+	{
+		var _34_box AtomicBox
+		_ = _34_box
+		var _out42 AtomicBox
+		_ = _out42
+		_out42 = Companion_AtomicBox_.Make(wrapped)
+		_34_box = _out42
+		(_this)._box = _34_box
+		(_this)._length = (wrapped).Cardinality()
+		(_this)._isString = wrapped.IsString()
+	}
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) Cardinality() uint32 {
+	{
+		return (_this).Length()
+	}
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) ToArray() ImmutableArray {
+	{
+		var ret ImmutableArray = (ImmutableArray)(nil)
+		_ = ret
+		var _35_expr Sequence
+		_ = _35_expr
+		var _out43 interface{}
+		_ = _out43
+		_out43 = ((_this).Box()).Get()
+		_35_expr = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out43)
+		var _out44 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out44
+		_out44 = (_35_expr).ToArray()
+		ret = _out44
+		var _36_arraySeq *ArraySequence
+		_ = _36_arraySeq
+		var _nw7 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
+		_ = _nw7
+		_nw7.Ctor__(ret, false)
+		_36_arraySeq = _nw7
+		((_this).Box()).Put(_36_arraySeq)
+		return ret
+	}
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) Length() uint32 {
+	{
+		return _this._length
+	}
+}
+func (_this *LazySequence) Box() AtomicBox {
+	{
+		return _this._box
+	}
+}
+
+// End of class LazySequence
+
+// Definition of trait Helpers
+type Helpers interface {
+	String() string
+}
+type CompanionStruct_Helpers_ struct {
+	TraitID_ *TraitID
+}
+
+var Companion_Helpers_ = CompanionStruct_Helpers_{
+	TraitID_: &TraitID{},
+}
+
+func (CompanionStruct_Helpers_) CastTo_(x interface{}) Helpers {
+	var t Helpers
+	t, _ = x.(Helpers)
+	return t
+}
+
+// End of trait Helpers
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/dafny/dafny_test.go b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/dafny/dafny_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d2d73049353
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/dafny/dafny_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package dafny
+
+import "testing"
+
+// These tests are currently just useful sanity checks on the interface
+// between the manually-written and Dafny-generated Go code,
+// but could easily be expanded to include more unit tests in the future.
+
+func TestArraySequence(t *testing.T) {
+	arrSeq := MakeArraySequence()
+	AssertImplementsSequence(arrSeq, t)
+}
+
+func MakeArraySequence() Sequence {
+	arr := GoNativeArray{}
+	arrSeq := New_ArraySequence_()
+	arrSeq.Ctor__(arr, false)
+	return arrSeq
+}
+
+func TestConcatSequence(t *testing.T) {
+	left := MakeArraySequence()
+	right := MakeArraySequence()
+
+	concatSeq := New_ConcatSequence_()
+	concatSeq.Ctor__(left, right)
+
+	AssertImplementsSequence(concatSeq, t)
+}
+
+func TestLazySequence(t *testing.T) {
+	arrSeq := MakeArraySequence()
+
+	lazySeq := New_LazySequence_()
+	lazySeq.Ctor__(arrSeq)
+
+	AssertImplementsSequence(lazySeq, t)
+}
+
+func AssertImplementsSequence(s interface{}, t *testing.T) {
+	_, ok := s.(Sequence)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Errorf("Expected %v to implement the Sequence interface", s)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/go.mod b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/go.mod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5aa34e4cdcc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod/go.mod
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo
+
+go 1.21
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo/System_/System_.go b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo/System_/System_.go
index 7e10a672bb2..c71236b7b50 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo/System_/System_.go
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo/System_/System_.go
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ import (
 	os "os"
 )
 
-var _ _dafny.Dummy__
 var _ = os.Args
+var _ _dafny.Dummy__
 
 type Dummy__ struct{}
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
index c0f9d4d6870..cd434586dda 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
@@ -66,15 +66,15 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) AppendRecursive(builder *Vector, e Se
 		var _out0 interface{}
 		_ = _out0
 		_out0 = ((_1_lazy).Box()).Get()
-		_2_boxed = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out0)
+		_2_boxed = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out0))
 		Companion_Default___.AppendRecursive(builder, _2_boxed)
 	} else {
 		var _3_a ImmutableArray
 		_ = _3_a
 		var _out1 ImmutableArray
 		_ = _out1
-		_out1 = (e).ToArray()
-		_3_a = _out1
+		_out1 = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_((e).ToArray())
+		_3_a = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_(_out1)
 		(builder).Append(_3_a)
 	}
 }
@@ -84,17 +84,17 @@ TAIL_CALL_START:
 	if func(_is_2 Sequence) bool {
 		return InstanceOf(_is_2, (*ConcatSequence)(nil))
 	}(e) {
-		var _4_concat *ConcatSequence
-		_ = _4_concat
-		_4_concat = e.(*ConcatSequence)
+		var _0_concat *ConcatSequence
+		_ = _0_concat
+		_0_concat = e.(*ConcatSequence)
 		if !(Companion_Default___.SizeAdditionInRange(stack.Size, Companion_Default___.ONE__SIZE())) {
 			panic("dafnyRuntime.dfy[DafnyGo](766,6): " + (SeqOfString("expectation violation")).String())
 		}
-		(stack).AddLast((_4_concat).Right())
+		(stack).AddLast((_0_concat).Right())
 		{
 			var _in0 *Vector = builder
 			_ = _in0
-			var _in1 Sequence = (_4_concat).Left()
+			var _in1 Sequence = (_0_concat).Left()
 			_ = _in1
 			var _in2 *Vector = stack
 			_ = _in2
@@ -108,18 +108,18 @@ TAIL_CALL_START:
 	} else if func(_is_3 Sequence) bool {
 		return InstanceOf(_is_3, (*LazySequence)(nil))
 	}(e) {
-		var _5_lazy *LazySequence
-		_ = _5_lazy
-		_5_lazy = e.(*LazySequence)
-		var _6_boxed Sequence
-		_ = _6_boxed
-		var _out2 interface{}
-		_ = _out2
-		_out2 = ((_5_lazy).Box()).Get()
-		_6_boxed = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out2)
+		var _1_lazy *LazySequence
+		_ = _1_lazy
+		_1_lazy = e.(*LazySequence)
+		var _2_boxed Sequence
+		_ = _2_boxed
+		var _out0 interface{}
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = ((_1_lazy).Box()).Get()
+		_2_boxed = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out0))
 		var _in3 *Vector = builder
 		_ = _in3
-		var _in4 Sequence = _6_boxed
+		var _in4 Sequence = _2_boxed
 		_ = _in4
 		var _in5 *Vector = stack
 		_ = _in5
@@ -130,21 +130,21 @@ TAIL_CALL_START:
 	} else if func(_is_4 Sequence) bool {
 		return InstanceOf(_is_4, (*ArraySequence)(nil))
 	}(e) {
-		var _7_a *ArraySequence
-		_ = _7_a
-		_7_a = e.(*ArraySequence)
-		(builder).Append((_7_a).Values())
+		var _3_a *ArraySequence
+		_ = _3_a
+		_3_a = e.(*ArraySequence)
+		(builder).Append((_3_a).Values())
 		if (uint32(0)) < (stack.Size) {
-			var _8_next Sequence
-			_ = _8_next
-			var _out3 interface{}
-			_ = _out3
-			_out3 = (stack).RemoveLast()
-			_8_next = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out3)
+			var _4_next Sequence
+			_ = _4_next
+			var _out1 interface{}
+			_ = _out1
+			_out1 = (stack).RemoveLast()
+			_4_next = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out1))
 			{
 				var _in6 *Vector = builder
 				_ = _in6
-				var _in7 Sequence = _8_next
+				var _in7 Sequence = _4_next
 				_ = _in7
 				var _in8 *Vector = stack
 				_ = _in8
@@ -216,13 +216,13 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Select(_this Sequence, index uint32) i
 	{
 		var ret interface{} = (interface{})(nil)
 		_ = ret
-		var _9_a ImmutableArray
-		_ = _9_a
-		var _out4 ImmutableArray
-		_ = _out4
-		_out4 = (_this).ToArray()
-		_9_a = _out4
-		ret = (_9_a).Select(index)
+		var _0_a ImmutableArray
+		_ = _0_a
+		var _out0 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = (_this).ToArray()
+		_0_a = _out0
+		ret = (_0_a).Select(index)
 		return ret
 		return ret
 	}
@@ -231,10 +231,10 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Drop(_this Sequence, lo uint32) Sequen
 	{
 		var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
 		_ = ret
-		var _out5 Sequence
-		_ = _out5
-		_out5 = (_this).Subsequence(lo, (_this).Cardinality())
-		ret = _out5
+		var _out0 Sequence
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = (_this).Subsequence(lo, (_this).Cardinality())
+		ret = _out0
 		return ret
 	}
 }
@@ -242,10 +242,10 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Take(_this Sequence, hi uint32) Sequen
 	{
 		var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
 		_ = ret
-		var _out6 Sequence
-		_ = _out6
-		_out6 = (_this).Subsequence(uint32(0), hi)
-		ret = _out6
+		var _out0 Sequence
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = (_this).Subsequence(uint32(0), hi)
+		ret = _out0
 		return ret
 	}
 }
@@ -253,21 +253,21 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Subsequence(_this Sequence, lo uint32,
 	{
 		var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
 		_ = ret
-		var _10_a ImmutableArray
-		_ = _10_a
-		var _out7 ImmutableArray
-		_ = _out7
-		_out7 = (_this).ToArray()
-		_10_a = _out7
-		var _11_subarray ImmutableArray
-		_ = _11_subarray
-		var _out8 ImmutableArray
-		_ = _out8
-		_out8 = (_10_a).Subarray(lo, hi)
-		_11_subarray = _out8
+		var _0_a ImmutableArray
+		_ = _0_a
+		var _out0 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = (_this).ToArray()
+		_0_a = _out0
+		var _1_subarray ImmutableArray
+		_ = _1_subarray
+		var _out1 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out1
+		_out1 = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_((_0_a).Subarray(lo, hi))
+		_1_subarray = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_(_out1)
 		var _nw0 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
 		_ = _nw0
-		_nw0.Ctor__(_11_subarray, false)
+		_nw0.Ctor__(_1_subarray, false)
 		ret = _nw0
 		return ret
 	}
@@ -280,26 +280,26 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Elements(_this Sequence) Sequence {
 func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Create(cardinality uint32, initFn func(uint32) interface{}) Sequence {
 	var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
 	_ = ret
-	var _12_a NativeArray
-	_ = _12_a
-	var _out9 NativeArray
-	_ = _out9
-	_out9 = Companion_NativeArray_.MakeWithInit(cardinality, func(coer0 func(uint32) interface{}) func(uint32) interface{} {
+	var _0_a NativeArray
+	_ = _0_a
+	var _out0 NativeArray
+	_ = _out0
+	_out0 = Companion_NativeArray_.CastTo_(Companion_NativeArray_.MakeWithInit(cardinality, func(coer0 func(uint32) interface{}) func(uint32) interface{} {
 		return func(arg0 uint32) interface{} {
 			return coer0(arg0)
 		}
-	}(initFn))
-	_12_a = _out9
-	var _13_frozen ImmutableArray
-	_ = _13_frozen
-	var _out10 ImmutableArray
-	_ = _out10
-	_out10 = (_12_a).Freeze(cardinality)
-	_13_frozen = _out10
-	var _nw1 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
-	_ = _nw1
-	_nw1.Ctor__(_13_frozen, false)
-	ret = _nw1
+	}(initFn)))
+	_0_a = Companion_NativeArray_.CastTo_(_out0)
+	var _1_frozen ImmutableArray
+	_ = _1_frozen
+	var _out1 ImmutableArray
+	_ = _out1
+	_out1 = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_((_0_a).Freeze(cardinality))
+	_1_frozen = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_(_out1)
+	var _nw0 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
+	_ = _nw0
+	_nw0.Ctor__(_1_frozen, false)
+	ret = _nw0
 	return ret
 }
 func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) EqualUpTo(left Sequence, right Sequence, index uint32) bool {
@@ -307,20 +307,20 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) EqualUpTo(left Sequence, right Sequenc
 	_ = ret
 	var _hi0 uint32 = index
 	_ = _hi0
-	for _14_i := uint32(0); _14_i < _hi0; _14_i++ {
-		var _15_leftElement interface{}
-		_ = _15_leftElement
-		var _out11 interface{}
-		_ = _out11
-		_out11 = (left).Select(_14_i)
-		_15_leftElement = _out11
-		var _16_rightElement interface{}
-		_ = _16_rightElement
-		var _out12 interface{}
-		_ = _out12
-		_out12 = (right).Select(_14_i)
-		_16_rightElement = _out12
-		if !AreEqual(_15_leftElement, _16_rightElement) {
+	for _0_i := uint32(0); _0_i < _hi0; _0_i++ {
+		var _1_leftElement interface{}
+		_ = _1_leftElement
+		var _out0 interface{}
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = (left).Select(_0_i)
+		_1_leftElement = _out0
+		var _2_rightElement interface{}
+		_ = _2_rightElement
+		var _out1 interface{}
+		_ = _out1
+		_out1 = (right).Select(_0_i)
+		_2_rightElement = _out1
+		if !AreEqual(_1_leftElement, _2_rightElement) {
 			ret = false
 			return ret
 		}
@@ -336,10 +336,10 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Equal(left Sequence, right Sequence) b
 		ret = false
 		return ret
 	}
-	var _out13 bool
-	_ = _out13
-	_out13 = Companion_Sequence_.EqualUpTo(left, right, (left).Cardinality())
-	ret = _out13
+	var _out0 bool
+	_ = _out0
+	_out0 = Companion_Sequence_.EqualUpTo(left, right, (left).Cardinality())
+	ret = _out0
 	return ret
 }
 func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) IsPrefixOf(left Sequence, right Sequence) bool {
@@ -349,10 +349,10 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) IsPrefixOf(left Sequence, right Sequen
 		ret = false
 		return ret
 	}
-	var _out14 bool
-	_ = _out14
-	_out14 = Companion_Sequence_.EqualUpTo(left, right, (left).Cardinality())
-	ret = _out14
+	var _out0 bool
+	_ = _out0
+	_out0 = Companion_Sequence_.EqualUpTo(left, right, (left).Cardinality())
+	ret = _out0
 	return ret
 }
 func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) IsProperPrefixOf(left Sequence, right Sequence) bool {
@@ -362,25 +362,25 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) IsProperPrefixOf(left Sequence, right
 		ret = false
 		return ret
 	}
-	var _out15 bool
-	_ = _out15
-	_out15 = Companion_Sequence_.EqualUpTo(left, right, (left).Cardinality())
-	ret = _out15
+	var _out0 bool
+	_ = _out0
+	_out0 = Companion_Sequence_.EqualUpTo(left, right, (left).Cardinality())
+	ret = _out0
 	return ret
 }
 func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Contains(s Sequence, t interface{}) bool {
 	var _hresult bool = false
 	_ = _hresult
-	var _hi1 uint32 = (s).Cardinality()
-	_ = _hi1
-	for _17_i := Companion_Default___.ZERO__SIZE(); _17_i < _hi1; _17_i++ {
-		var _18_element interface{}
-		_ = _18_element
-		var _out16 interface{}
-		_ = _out16
-		_out16 = (s).Select(_17_i)
-		_18_element = _out16
-		if AreEqual(_18_element, t) {
+	var _hi0 uint32 = (s).Cardinality()
+	_ = _hi0
+	for _0_i := Companion_Default___.ZERO__SIZE(); _0_i < _hi0; _0_i++ {
+		var _1_element interface{}
+		_ = _1_element
+		var _out0 interface{}
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = (s).Select(_0_i)
+		_1_element = _out0
+		if AreEqual(_1_element, t) {
 			_hresult = true
 			return _hresult
 		}
@@ -392,29 +392,29 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Contains(s Sequence, t interface{}) bo
 func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Update(s Sequence, i uint32, t interface{}) Sequence {
 	var ret Sequence = (Sequence)(nil)
 	_ = ret
-	var _19_a ImmutableArray
-	_ = _19_a
-	var _out17 ImmutableArray
-	_ = _out17
-	_out17 = (s).ToArray()
-	_19_a = _out17
-	var _20_newValue NativeArray
-	_ = _20_newValue
-	var _out18 NativeArray
-	_ = _out18
-	_out18 = Companion_NativeArray_.Copy(_19_a)
-	_20_newValue = _out18
-	(_20_newValue).Update(i, t)
-	var _21_newValueFrozen ImmutableArray
-	_ = _21_newValueFrozen
-	var _out19 ImmutableArray
-	_ = _out19
-	_out19 = (_20_newValue).Freeze((_20_newValue).Length())
-	_21_newValueFrozen = _out19
-	var _nw2 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
-	_ = _nw2
-	_nw2.Ctor__(_21_newValueFrozen, false)
-	ret = _nw2
+	var _0_a ImmutableArray
+	_ = _0_a
+	var _out0 ImmutableArray
+	_ = _out0
+	_out0 = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_((s).ToArray())
+	_0_a = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_(_out0)
+	var _1_newValue NativeArray
+	_ = _1_newValue
+	var _out1 NativeArray
+	_ = _out1
+	_out1 = Companion_NativeArray_.CastTo_(Companion_NativeArray_.Copy(_0_a))
+	_1_newValue = Companion_NativeArray_.CastTo_(_out1)
+	(_1_newValue).Update(i, t)
+	var _2_newValueFrozen ImmutableArray
+	_ = _2_newValueFrozen
+	var _out2 ImmutableArray
+	_ = _out2
+	_out2 = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_((_1_newValue).Freeze((_1_newValue).Length()))
+	_2_newValueFrozen = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_(_out2)
+	var _nw0 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
+	_ = _nw0
+	_nw0.Ctor__(_2_newValueFrozen, false)
+	ret = _nw0
 	return ret
 }
 func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Concatenate(left Sequence, right Sequence) Sequence {
@@ -423,44 +423,44 @@ func (_static *CompanionStruct_Sequence_) Concatenate(left Sequence, right Seque
 	if !(Companion_Default___.SizeAdditionInRange((left).Cardinality(), (right).Cardinality())) {
 		panic("dafnyRuntime.dfy[DafnyGo](594,6): " + (Companion_Sequence_.Concatenate(Companion_Sequence_.Concatenate(SeqOfString("Concatenation result cardinality would be larger than the maximum ("), Companion_Helpers_.DafnyValueToDafnyString(Companion_Default___.SIZE__T__MAX())), SeqOfString(")"))).String())
 	}
-	var _22_left_k Sequence
-	_ = _22_left_k
-	_22_left_k = left
+	var _0_left_k Sequence
+	_ = _0_left_k
+	_0_left_k = left
 	if func(_is_5 Sequence) bool {
 		return InstanceOf(_is_5, (*LazySequence)(nil))
 	}(left) {
-		var _23_lazyLeft *LazySequence
-		_ = _23_lazyLeft
-		_23_lazyLeft = left.(*LazySequence)
-		var _out20 interface{}
-		_ = _out20
-		_out20 = ((_23_lazyLeft).Box()).Get()
-		_22_left_k = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out20)
+		var _1_lazyLeft *LazySequence
+		_ = _1_lazyLeft
+		_1_lazyLeft = left.(*LazySequence)
+		var _out0 interface{}
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = ((_1_lazyLeft).Box()).Get()
+		_0_left_k = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out0))
 	}
-	var _24_right_k Sequence
-	_ = _24_right_k
-	_24_right_k = right
+	var _2_right_k Sequence
+	_ = _2_right_k
+	_2_right_k = right
 	if func(_is_6 Sequence) bool {
 		return InstanceOf(_is_6, (*LazySequence)(nil))
 	}(right) {
-		var _25_lazyRight *LazySequence
-		_ = _25_lazyRight
-		_25_lazyRight = right.(*LazySequence)
-		var _out21 interface{}
-		_ = _out21
-		_out21 = ((_25_lazyRight).Box()).Get()
-		_24_right_k = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out21)
+		var _3_lazyRight *LazySequence
+		_ = _3_lazyRight
+		_3_lazyRight = right.(*LazySequence)
+		var _out1 interface{}
+		_ = _out1
+		_out1 = ((_3_lazyRight).Box()).Get()
+		_2_right_k = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out1))
 	}
-	var _26_c *ConcatSequence
-	_ = _26_c
-	var _nw3 *ConcatSequence = New_ConcatSequence_()
-	_ = _nw3
-	_nw3.Ctor__(_22_left_k, _24_right_k)
-	_26_c = _nw3
-	var _nw4 *LazySequence = New_LazySequence_()
-	_ = _nw4
-	_nw4.Ctor__(_26_c)
-	ret = _nw4
+	var _4_c *ConcatSequence
+	_ = _4_c
+	var _nw0 *ConcatSequence = New_ConcatSequence_()
+	_ = _nw0
+	_nw0.Ctor__(_0_left_k, _2_right_k)
+	_4_c = _nw0
+	var _nw1 *LazySequence = New_LazySequence_()
+	_ = _nw1
+	_nw1.Ctor__(_4_c)
+	ret = _nw1
 	return ret
 }
 
@@ -555,9 +555,9 @@ func (_this type_Size__t_) String() string {
 	return "dafny.Size__t"
 }
 func (_this *CompanionStruct_Size__t_) Is_(__source uint32) bool {
-	var _27_x Int = IntOfUint32(__source)
-	_ = _27_x
-	return ((_27_x).Sign() != -1) && ((_27_x).Cmp(Companion_Default___.SIZE__T__LIMIT()) < 0)
+	var _0_x Int = IntOfUint32(__source)
+	_ = _0_x
+	return ((_0_x).Sign() != -1) && ((_0_x).Cmp(Companion_Default___.SIZE__T__LIMIT()) < 0)
 }
 
 // Definition of trait NativeArray
@@ -784,13 +784,13 @@ var _ TraitOffspring = &Vector{}
 
 func (_this *Vector) Ctor__(length uint32) {
 	{
-		var _28_storage NativeArray
-		_ = _28_storage
-		var _out22 NativeArray
-		_ = _out22
-		_out22 = Companion_NativeArray_.Make(length)
-		_28_storage = _out22
-		(_this).Storage = _28_storage
+		var _0_storage NativeArray
+		_ = _0_storage
+		var _out0 NativeArray
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = Companion_NativeArray_.CastTo_(Companion_NativeArray_.Make(length))
+		_0_storage = Companion_NativeArray_.CastTo_(_out0)
+		(_this).Storage = _0_storage
 		(_this).Size = uint32(0)
 	}
 }
@@ -825,26 +825,26 @@ func (_this *Vector) EnsureCapacity(newMinCapacity uint32) {
 		if ((_this.Storage).Length()) >= (newMinCapacity) {
 			return
 		}
-		var _29_newCapacity uint32
-		_ = _29_newCapacity
-		_29_newCapacity = newMinCapacity
+		var _0_newCapacity uint32
+		_ = _0_newCapacity
+		_0_newCapacity = newMinCapacity
 		if ((_this.Storage).Length()) <= ((Companion_Default___.SIZE__T__MAX()) / (Companion_Default___.TWO__SIZE())) {
-			_29_newCapacity = (_this).Max(_29_newCapacity, ((_this.Storage).Length())*(Companion_Default___.TWO__SIZE()))
+			_0_newCapacity = (_this).Max(_0_newCapacity, ((_this.Storage).Length())*(Companion_Default___.TWO__SIZE()))
 		}
-		var _30_newStorage NativeArray
-		_ = _30_newStorage
-		var _out23 NativeArray
-		_ = _out23
-		_out23 = Companion_NativeArray_.Make(_29_newCapacity)
-		_30_newStorage = _out23
-		var _31_values ImmutableArray
-		_ = _31_values
-		var _out24 ImmutableArray
-		_ = _out24
-		_out24 = (_this.Storage).Freeze(_this.Size)
-		_31_values = _out24
-		(_30_newStorage).UpdateSubarray(uint32(0), _31_values)
-		(_this).Storage = _30_newStorage
+		var _1_newStorage NativeArray
+		_ = _1_newStorage
+		var _out0 NativeArray
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = Companion_NativeArray_.CastTo_(Companion_NativeArray_.Make(_0_newCapacity))
+		_1_newStorage = Companion_NativeArray_.CastTo_(_out0)
+		var _2_values ImmutableArray
+		_ = _2_values
+		var _out1 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out1
+		_out1 = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_((_this.Storage).Freeze(_this.Size))
+		_2_values = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_(_out1)
+		(_1_newStorage).UpdateSubarray(uint32(0), _2_values)
+		(_this).Storage = _1_newStorage
 	}
 }
 func (_this *Vector) RemoveLast() interface{} {
@@ -858,10 +858,10 @@ func (_this *Vector) RemoveLast() interface{} {
 }
 func (_this *Vector) Append(other ImmutableArray) {
 	{
-		var _32_newSize uint32
-		_ = _32_newSize
-		_32_newSize = (_this.Size) + ((other).Length())
-		(_this).EnsureCapacity(_32_newSize)
+		var _0_newSize uint32
+		_ = _0_newSize
+		_0_newSize = (_this.Size) + ((other).Length())
+		(_this).EnsureCapacity(_0_newSize)
 		(_this.Storage).UpdateSubarray(_this.Size, other)
 		(_this).Size = (_this.Size) + ((other).Length())
 	}
@@ -870,10 +870,10 @@ func (_this *Vector) Freeze() ImmutableArray {
 	{
 		var ret ImmutableArray = (ImmutableArray)(nil)
 		_ = ret
-		var _out25 ImmutableArray
-		_ = _out25
-		_out25 = (_this.Storage).Freeze(_this.Size)
-		ret = _out25
+		var _out0 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_((_this.Storage).Freeze(_this.Size))
+		ret = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_(_out0)
 		return ret
 	}
 }
@@ -944,10 +944,10 @@ var _ Sequence = &ArraySequence{}
 var _ TraitOffspring = &ArraySequence{}
 
 func (_this *ArraySequence) Drop(lo uint32) Sequence {
-	var _out26 Sequence
-	_ = _out26
-	_out26 = Companion_Sequence_.Drop(_this, lo)
-	return _out26
+	var _out1 Sequence
+	_ = _out1
+	_out1 = Companion_Sequence_.Drop(_this, lo)
+	return _out1
 }
 func (_this *ArraySequence) Elements() Sequence {
 	return Companion_Sequence_.Elements(_this)
@@ -959,28 +959,28 @@ func (_this *ArraySequence) IsString_set_(value bool) {
 	_this._isString = value
 }
 func (_this *ArraySequence) Select(index uint32) interface{} {
-	var _out27 interface{}
-	_ = _out27
-	_out27 = Companion_Sequence_.Select(_this, index)
-	return _out27
+	var _out1 interface{}
+	_ = _out1
+	_out1 = Companion_Sequence_.Select(_this, index)
+	return _out1
 }
 func (_this *ArraySequence) SetString() Sequence {
-	var _out28 Sequence
-	_ = _out28
-	_out28 = Companion_Sequence_.SetString(_this)
-	return _out28
+	var _out0 Sequence
+	_ = _out0
+	_out0 = Companion_Sequence_.SetString(_this)
+	return _out0
 }
 func (_this *ArraySequence) Subsequence(lo uint32, hi uint32) Sequence {
-	var _out29 Sequence
-	_ = _out29
-	_out29 = Companion_Sequence_.Subsequence(_this, lo, hi)
-	return _out29
+	var _out2 Sequence
+	_ = _out2
+	_out2 = Companion_Sequence_.Subsequence(_this, lo, hi)
+	return _out2
 }
 func (_this *ArraySequence) Take(hi uint32) Sequence {
-	var _out30 Sequence
-	_ = _out30
-	_out30 = Companion_Sequence_.Take(_this, hi)
-	return _out30
+	var _out1 Sequence
+	_ = _out1
+	_out1 = Companion_Sequence_.Take(_this, hi)
+	return _out1
 }
 func (_this *ArraySequence) Ctor__(value ImmutableArray, isString bool) {
 	{
@@ -1056,10 +1056,10 @@ var _ Sequence = &ConcatSequence{}
 var _ TraitOffspring = &ConcatSequence{}
 
 func (_this *ConcatSequence) Drop(lo uint32) Sequence {
-	var _out31 Sequence
-	_ = _out31
-	_out31 = Companion_Sequence_.Drop(_this, lo)
-	return _out31
+	var _out2 Sequence
+	_ = _out2
+	_out2 = Companion_Sequence_.Drop(_this, lo)
+	return _out2
 }
 func (_this *ConcatSequence) Elements() Sequence {
 	return Companion_Sequence_.Elements(_this)
@@ -1071,28 +1071,28 @@ func (_this *ConcatSequence) IsString_set_(value bool) {
 	_this._isString = value
 }
 func (_this *ConcatSequence) Select(index uint32) interface{} {
-	var _out32 interface{}
-	_ = _out32
-	_out32 = Companion_Sequence_.Select(_this, index)
-	return _out32
+	var _out2 interface{}
+	_ = _out2
+	_out2 = Companion_Sequence_.Select(_this, index)
+	return _out2
 }
 func (_this *ConcatSequence) SetString() Sequence {
-	var _out33 Sequence
-	_ = _out33
-	_out33 = Companion_Sequence_.SetString(_this)
-	return _out33
+	var _out1 Sequence
+	_ = _out1
+	_out1 = Companion_Sequence_.SetString(_this)
+	return _out1
 }
 func (_this *ConcatSequence) Subsequence(lo uint32, hi uint32) Sequence {
-	var _out34 Sequence
-	_ = _out34
-	_out34 = Companion_Sequence_.Subsequence(_this, lo, hi)
-	return _out34
+	var _out3 Sequence
+	_ = _out3
+	_out3 = Companion_Sequence_.Subsequence(_this, lo, hi)
+	return _out3
 }
 func (_this *ConcatSequence) Take(hi uint32) Sequence {
-	var _out35 Sequence
-	_ = _out35
-	_out35 = Companion_Sequence_.Take(_this, hi)
-	return _out35
+	var _out2 Sequence
+	_ = _out2
+	_out2 = Companion_Sequence_.Take(_this, hi)
+	return _out2
 }
 func (_this *ConcatSequence) Ctor__(left Sequence, right Sequence) {
 	{
@@ -1111,23 +1111,23 @@ func (_this *ConcatSequence) ToArray() ImmutableArray {
 	{
 		var ret ImmutableArray = (ImmutableArray)(nil)
 		_ = ret
-		var _33_builder *Vector
-		_ = _33_builder
-		var _nw5 *Vector = New_Vector_()
-		_ = _nw5
-		_nw5.Ctor__((_this).Length())
-		_33_builder = _nw5
-		var _34_stack *Vector
-		_ = _34_stack
-		var _nw6 *Vector = New_Vector_()
-		_ = _nw6
-		_nw6.Ctor__(Companion_Default___.TEN__SIZE())
-		_34_stack = _nw6
-		Companion_Default___.AppendOptimized(_33_builder, _this, _34_stack)
-		var _out36 ImmutableArray
-		_ = _out36
-		_out36 = (_33_builder).Freeze()
-		ret = _out36
+		var _0_builder *Vector
+		_ = _0_builder
+		var _nw0 *Vector = New_Vector_()
+		_ = _nw0
+		_nw0.Ctor__((_this).Length())
+		_0_builder = _nw0
+		var _1_stack *Vector
+		_ = _1_stack
+		var _nw1 *Vector = New_Vector_()
+		_ = _nw1
+		_nw1.Ctor__(Companion_Default___.TEN__SIZE())
+		_1_stack = _nw1
+		Companion_Default___.AppendOptimized(_0_builder, _this, _1_stack)
+		var _out0 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_((_0_builder).Freeze())
+		ret = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_(_out0)
 		return ret
 	}
 }
@@ -1193,10 +1193,10 @@ var _ Sequence = &LazySequence{}
 var _ TraitOffspring = &LazySequence{}
 
 func (_this *LazySequence) Drop(lo uint32) Sequence {
-	var _out37 Sequence
-	_ = _out37
-	_out37 = Companion_Sequence_.Drop(_this, lo)
-	return _out37
+	var _out3 Sequence
+	_ = _out3
+	_out3 = Companion_Sequence_.Drop(_this, lo)
+	return _out3
 }
 func (_this *LazySequence) Elements() Sequence {
 	return Companion_Sequence_.Elements(_this)
@@ -1208,38 +1208,38 @@ func (_this *LazySequence) IsString_set_(value bool) {
 	_this._isString = value
 }
 func (_this *LazySequence) Select(index uint32) interface{} {
-	var _out38 interface{}
-	_ = _out38
-	_out38 = Companion_Sequence_.Select(_this, index)
-	return _out38
+	var _out3 interface{}
+	_ = _out3
+	_out3 = Companion_Sequence_.Select(_this, index)
+	return _out3
 }
 func (_this *LazySequence) SetString() Sequence {
-	var _out39 Sequence
-	_ = _out39
-	_out39 = Companion_Sequence_.SetString(_this)
-	return _out39
+	var _out2 Sequence
+	_ = _out2
+	_out2 = Companion_Sequence_.SetString(_this)
+	return _out2
 }
 func (_this *LazySequence) Subsequence(lo uint32, hi uint32) Sequence {
-	var _out40 Sequence
-	_ = _out40
-	_out40 = Companion_Sequence_.Subsequence(_this, lo, hi)
-	return _out40
+	var _out4 Sequence
+	_ = _out4
+	_out4 = Companion_Sequence_.Subsequence(_this, lo, hi)
+	return _out4
 }
 func (_this *LazySequence) Take(hi uint32) Sequence {
-	var _out41 Sequence
-	_ = _out41
-	_out41 = Companion_Sequence_.Take(_this, hi)
-	return _out41
+	var _out3 Sequence
+	_ = _out3
+	_out3 = Companion_Sequence_.Take(_this, hi)
+	return _out3
 }
 func (_this *LazySequence) Ctor__(wrapped Sequence) {
 	{
-		var _35_box AtomicBox
-		_ = _35_box
-		var _out42 AtomicBox
-		_ = _out42
-		_out42 = Companion_AtomicBox_.Make(wrapped)
-		_35_box = _out42
-		(_this)._box = _35_box
+		var _0_box AtomicBox
+		_ = _0_box
+		var _out0 AtomicBox
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = Companion_AtomicBox_.CastTo_(Companion_AtomicBox_.Make(wrapped))
+		_0_box = Companion_AtomicBox_.CastTo_(_out0)
+		(_this)._box = _0_box
 		(_this)._length = (wrapped).Cardinality()
 		(_this)._isString = wrapped.IsString()
 	}
@@ -1253,23 +1253,23 @@ func (_this *LazySequence) ToArray() ImmutableArray {
 	{
 		var ret ImmutableArray = (ImmutableArray)(nil)
 		_ = ret
-		var _36_expr Sequence
-		_ = _36_expr
-		var _out43 interface{}
-		_ = _out43
-		_out43 = ((_this).Box()).Get()
-		_36_expr = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out43)
-		var _out44 ImmutableArray
-		_ = _out44
-		_out44 = (_36_expr).ToArray()
-		ret = _out44
-		var _37_arraySeq *ArraySequence
-		_ = _37_arraySeq
-		var _nw7 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
-		_ = _nw7
-		_nw7.Ctor__(ret, false)
-		_37_arraySeq = _nw7
-		((_this).Box()).Put(_37_arraySeq)
+		var _0_expr Sequence
+		_ = _0_expr
+		var _out0 interface{}
+		_ = _out0
+		_out0 = ((_this).Box()).Get()
+		_0_expr = Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(Companion_Sequence_.CastTo_(_out0))
+		var _out1 ImmutableArray
+		_ = _out1
+		_out1 = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_((_0_expr).ToArray())
+		ret = Companion_ImmutableArray_.CastTo_(_out1)
+		var _1_arraySeq *ArraySequence
+		_ = _1_arraySeq
+		var _nw0 *ArraySequence = New_ArraySequence_()
+		_ = _nw0
+		_nw0.Ctor__(ret, false)
+		_1_arraySeq = _nw0
+		((_this).Box()).Put(_1_arraySeq)
 		return ret
 	}
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeJava/src/main/java/dafny/Helpers.java b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeJava/src/main/java/dafny/Helpers.java
index 9e78dc8c177..a7642664e66 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeJava/src/main/java/dafny/Helpers.java
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeJava/src/main/java/dafny/Helpers.java
@@ -275,6 +275,11 @@ public static BigInteger unsignedToBigInteger(int i){
     public static BigInteger unsignedToBigInteger(long l){
         return unsignedToBigInteger_h(BigInteger.valueOf(l), ULONG_LIMIT);
     }
+    
+    // Alias maintained only for backwards compatability
+    public static BigInteger unsignedLongToBigInteger(long l) {
+        return unsignedToBigInteger(l);
+    }
 
     public static byte divideUnsignedByte(byte a, byte b) {
         return (byte)Integer.divideUnsigned(((int)a) & 0xFF, ((int)b) & 0xFF);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimePython/System_.py b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimePython/System_.py
index 2497b812f4c..d70b9c8c45c 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimePython/System_.py
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimePython/System_.py
@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
 from math import floor
 from itertools import count
 
-import module_
-import _dafny
+import _dafny as _dafny
 
 # Module: System_
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/Cargo.toml b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/Cargo.toml
index 08fbd06ff6e..3ddcbab7877 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,4 +8,4 @@ once_cell = "1.18.0"
 paste = "1.0"
 num = "0.4"
 itertools = "0.11.0"
-as-any = "0.3.1"
+as-any = "0.3.1"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/Makefile b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..27cf8fe9d6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+# Invoking the CLI this way just to stay platform-independent
+DAFNY = dotnet run --project ../../Dafny --no-build --
+
+GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_SOURCE=../obj/systemModulePopulator-rust/src/systemModulePopulator.rs
+GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_TARGET=src/system/mod.rs
+
+all: check-system-module test
+
+build-system-module:
+	$(DAFNY) translate rs --no-verify --use-basename-for-filename --optimize-erasable-datatype-wrapper:false --system-module:OmitAllOtherModules ../systemModulePopulator.dfy --output:../obj/systemModulePopulator
+	python -c "import sys; data = sys.stdin.read(); sys.stdout.write(data.replace('::dafny_runtime', 'crate'))" < $(GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_SOURCE) > $(GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_SOURCE).tmp && mv $(GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_SOURCE).tmp $(GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_SOURCE)
+
+check-system-module: build-system-module
+	diff $(GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_SOURCE) $(GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_TARGET)
+
+update-system-module: build-system-module
+	cp $(GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_SOURCE) $(GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_TARGET)
+
+test:
+	cargo test
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/src/lib.rs b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/src/lib.rs
index b8b531db4d0..f5ab2d2e894 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/src/lib.rs
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,1003 +1,3909 @@
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
-use std::{fmt::{Display, Formatter},
-          rc::Rc, ops::{Deref, Add},
-          collections::{HashSet, HashMap},
-          cell::RefCell, any::Any};
-use num::{Integer, Signed, One};
-use as_any::AsAny;
 
+mod system;
+pub use mem::MaybeUninit;
+use num::{bigint::ParseBigIntError, Integer, Num, One, Signed};
 pub use once_cell::unsync::Lazy;
+use std::{
+    any::Any,
+    borrow::Borrow,
+    cell::{RefCell, UnsafeCell},
+    cmp::Ordering,
+    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
+    fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter},
+    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
+    ptr::NonNull,
+    mem,
+    ops::{Add, Deref, Div, Mul, Neg, Rem, Sub},
+    rc::{Rc, Weak},
+};
+
+pub use system::*;
 
+pub use itertools;
 pub use num::bigint::BigInt;
 pub use num::rational::BigRational;
 pub use num::FromPrimitive;
 pub use num::NumCast;
+pub use num::ToPrimitive;
 pub use num::Zero;
-pub use itertools;
+pub use std::convert::Into;
 
 // An atomic box is just a RefCell in Rust
 pub type SizeT = usize;
 
-/******************************************************************************
- * Sequences
- ******************************************************************************/
+pub trait DafnyType: Clone + DafnyPrint + 'static {}
+
+impl<T> DafnyType for T where T: Clone + DafnyPrint + 'static {}
+pub trait DafnyTypeEq: DafnyType + Hash + Eq {}
+
+impl<T> DafnyTypeEq for T where T: DafnyType + Hash + Eq {}
 
-// Three elements
-// ArraySequence(var isString: bool, nodeCount: SizeT, immutable_array)
-// ConcatSequence(var isString: bool, nodeCount: SizeT, left: Sequence, right: Sequence)
-// LazySequence(length: BigInteger, box: RefCell<Rc<Sequence<T>>>)
-// We use the named version using {...}, and use snake_case format
+// Dafny's type (0) compiles to NontrivialDefault to prevent subset types from being considered as Default if their witness is nonzero
+pub trait NontrivialDefault {
+    fn nontrivial_default() -> Self;
+}
 
-// The T must be either a *const T (allocated) OR a Reference Counting (immutable)
+pub mod dafny_runtime_conversions {
+    use crate::DafnyType;
+    use crate::DafnyTypeEq;
+    pub type DafnyInt = crate::DafnyInt;
+    pub type DafnySequence<T> = crate::Sequence<T>;
+    pub type DafnyMap<K, V> = crate::Map<K, V>;
+    pub type DafnySet<T> = crate::Set<T>;
+    pub type DafnyMultiset<T> = crate::Multiset<T>;
+    pub type DafnyBool = bool;
+    pub type DafnyChar = crate::DafnyChar;
+    pub type DafnyCharUTF16 = crate::DafnyCharUTF16;
 
-#[allow(dead_code)]
-mod dafny_runtime_conversions {
     use num::BigInt;
+    use num::ToPrimitive;
 
-    use crate::Sequence;
-    use crate::Map;
-    use std::cell::RefCell;
     use std::collections::HashMap;
-    use std::rc::Rc;
+    use std::collections::HashSet;
     use std::hash::Hash;
-    pub fn dafny_int_to_bigint(i: &Rc<BigInt>) -> BigInt {
-        i.as_ref().clone()
+    use std::rc::Rc;
+
+    pub mod object {
+        pub type DafnyClass<T> = crate::Object<T>;
+        pub type DafnyArray<T> = crate::Object<[T]>;
+        pub type DafnyArray2<T> = crate::Object<crate::Array2<T>>;
+        pub type DafnyArray3<T> = crate::Object<crate::Array3<T>>;
+        // Conversion to and from Dafny reference-counted classes. All these methods take ownership of the class.
+        pub unsafe fn dafny_class_to_struct<T: Clone>(ptr: DafnyClass<T>) -> T {
+            let t: &T = crate::rd!(ptr);
+            t.clone()
+        }
+        pub unsafe fn dafny_class_to_boxed_struct<T: Clone>(ptr: DafnyClass<T>) -> Box<T> {
+            Box::new(dafny_class_to_struct(ptr))
+        }
+        pub unsafe fn dafny_class_to_rc_struct<T: Clone + ?Sized>(ptr: DafnyClass<T>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<T> {
+            crate::rcmut::to_rc(ptr.0.unwrap())
+        }
+        pub fn struct_to_dafny_class<T>(t: T) -> DafnyClass<T> {
+            crate::Object::new(t)
+        }
+        pub fn boxed_struct_to_dafny_class<T>(t: Box<T>) -> DafnyClass<T> {
+            struct_to_dafny_class(*t)
+        }
+        pub unsafe fn rc_struct_to_dafny_class<T>(t: ::std::rc::Rc<T>) -> DafnyClass<T> {
+            crate::Object::from_rc(t)
+        }
+        // Conversions to and from Dafny arrays. They all take ownership
+        pub unsafe fn dafny_array_to_vec<T: Clone>(ptr: DafnyArray<T>) -> Vec<T> {
+            ptr.as_ref().to_vec()
+        }
+        pub fn vec_to_dafny_array<T: Clone>(array: Vec<T>) -> DafnyArray<T> {
+            // SAFETY: We own the array
+            unsafe {
+              crate::Object::from_rc(::std::rc::Rc::from(array.into_boxed_slice()))
+            }
+        }
+        pub unsafe fn dafny_array2_to_vec<T: Clone>(ptr: DafnyArray2<T>) -> Vec<Vec<T>> {
+            crate::rd!(ptr).to_vec()
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub mod ptr {
+        pub type DafnyClass<T> = crate::Ptr<T>;
+        pub type DafnyArray<T> = crate::Ptr<[T]>;
+        pub type DafnyArray2<T> = crate::Ptr<crate::Array2<T>>;
+        pub type DafnyArray3<T> = crate::Ptr<crate::Array3<T>>;
+        // Conversion to and from Dafny reference-counted classes. All these methods take ownership of the class.
+        pub unsafe fn dafny_class_to_struct<T: Clone>(ptr: DafnyClass<T>) -> T {
+            *dafny_class_to_boxed_struct(ptr)
+        }
+        pub unsafe fn dafny_class_to_boxed_struct<T: Clone>(ptr: DafnyClass<T>) -> Box<T> {
+            Box::from_raw(crate::Ptr::into_raw(ptr))
+        }
+        pub fn struct_to_dafny_class<T>(t: T) -> DafnyClass<T> {
+            boxed_struct_to_dafny_class(Box::new(t))
+        }
+        pub fn boxed_struct_to_dafny_class<T>(t: Box<T>) -> DafnyClass<T> {
+            crate::Ptr::from_raw_nonnull(Box::into_raw(t))
+        }
+        // Conversions to and from Dafny arrays. They all take ownership
+        pub unsafe fn dafny_array_to_vec<T: Clone>(ptr: DafnyArray<T>) -> Vec<T> {
+            ptr.as_ref().to_vec()
+        }
+        pub fn vec_to_dafny_array<T: Clone>(array: Vec<T>) -> DafnyArray<T> {
+            crate::Ptr::from_box(array.into_boxed_slice())
+        }
+        pub unsafe fn dafny_array2_to_vec<T: Clone>(ptr: DafnyArray2<T>) -> Vec<Vec<T>> {
+            Box::from_raw(crate::Ptr::into_raw(ptr)).to_vec()
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn dafny_int_to_bigint(i: &DafnyInt) -> BigInt {
+        i.data.as_ref().clone()
     }
-    pub fn bigint_to_dafny_int(i: &BigInt) -> Rc<BigInt> {
-        Rc::new(i.clone())
+    pub fn bigint_to_dafny_int(i: &BigInt) -> DafnyInt {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(i.clone()),
+        }
     }
 
-    pub fn dafny_sequence_to_vec<T, X>(s: &Sequence<T>, elem_converter: fn(&T) -> X) -> Vec<X>
-      where T: Clone
+    pub fn dafny_sequence_to_vec<T, X>(s: &DafnySequence<T>, elem_converter: fn(&T) -> X) -> Vec<X>
+    where
+        T: DafnyType,
     {
-        let mut array: Vec<T> = Vec::with_capacity(s.cardinality());
-        Sequence::<T>::append_recursive(&mut array, s);
+        let mut array: Vec<T> = Vec::with_capacity(s.cardinality_usize());
+        DafnySequence::<T>::append_recursive(&mut array, s);
         array.iter().map(|x| elem_converter(x)).collect()
     }
 
     // Used for external conversions
-    pub fn vec_to_dafny_sequence<T, X>(array: &Vec<X>, elem_converter: fn(&X) -> T) -> Rc<Sequence<T>>
-      where T: Clone
+    pub fn vec_to_dafny_sequence<T, X>(
+        array: &Vec<X>,
+        elem_converter: fn(&X) -> T,
+    ) -> DafnySequence<T>
+    where
+        T: DafnyType,
     {
         let mut result: Vec<T> = Vec::with_capacity(array.len());
         for elem in array.iter() {
             result.push(elem_converter(elem));
         }
-        Sequence::<T>::new_array_sequence(&Rc::new(result))
-    }
-    
-    fn dafny_map_to_hashmap<K, V, K2, V2>(m: &Rc<Map<K, V>>, converter_k: fn(&K)->K2, converter_v: fn(&V)->V2) -> HashMap<K2, V2>
-      where
-          K: Eq + Clone + Hash, V: Clone,
-          K2: Eq + Hash, V2: Clone
+        DafnySequence::<T>::from_array_owned(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn dafny_map_to_hashmap<K, V, K2, V2>(
+        m: &DafnyMap<K, V>,
+        converter_k: fn(&K) -> K2,
+        converter_v: fn(&V) -> V2,
+    ) -> HashMap<K2, V2>
+    where
+        K: DafnyTypeEq,
+        V: DafnyTypeEq,
+        K2: Eq + Hash,
+        V2: Clone,
     {
         m.to_hashmap_owned(converter_k, converter_v)
     }
 
-    fn hashmap_to_dafny_map<K2, V2, K, V>(map: &HashMap<K2, V2>, converter_k: fn(&K2)->K, converter_v: fn(&V2)->V)
-        -> Rc<Map<K, V>>
-      where
-        K: Eq + Clone + Hash, V: Clone,
-        K2: Eq + Hash, V2: Clone
+    pub fn hashmap_to_dafny_map<K2, V2, K, V>(
+        map: &HashMap<K2, V2>,
+        converter_k: fn(&K2) -> K,
+        converter_v: fn(&V2) -> V,
+    ) -> DafnyMap<K, V>
+    where
+        K: DafnyTypeEq,
+        V: DafnyTypeEq,
+        K2: Eq + Hash,
+        V2: Clone,
     {
-        let mut result: Vec<(K, V)> = Vec::new();
-        for (k, v) in map.iter() {
-            result.push((converter_k(k), converter_v(v)));
-        }
-        let s = Sequence::<(K, V)>::new_array_sequence(&Rc::new(result));
-        Rc::new(Map {
-            data: s,
-            cache: RefCell::new(None)
-        })
+        DafnyMap::<K, V>::from_hashmap(map, converter_k, converter_v)
     }
 
     // --unicode-chars:true
     pub mod unicode_chars_true {
         use crate::Sequence;
-        use std::rc::Rc;
 
-        pub fn string_to_dafny_string(s: &str) -> Rc<Sequence<char>> {
-            Sequence::new_array_sequence(&Rc::new(s.chars().collect()))
+        type DafnyChar = crate::DafnyChar;
+        type DafnyString = Sequence<DafnyChar>;
+
+        pub fn string_to_dafny_string(s: &str) -> DafnyString {
+            Sequence::from_array_owned(s.chars().map(|v| crate::DafnyChar(v)).collect())
         }
-        pub fn dafny_string_to_string(s: &Rc<Sequence<char>>) -> String {
+        pub fn dafny_string_to_string(s: &DafnyString) -> String {
             let characters = s.to_array();
-            characters.iter().collect::<String>()
+            characters.iter().map(|v| v.0).collect::<String>()
         }
     }
-    
+
     // --unicode-chars:false
     pub mod unicode_chars_false {
         use crate::Sequence;
-        use std::rc::Rc;
-        pub fn string_to_dafny_string(s: &str) -> Rc<Sequence<u16>> {
-            Sequence::new_array_sequence(&Rc::new(s.encode_utf16().collect()))
+
+        type DafnyCharUTF16 = crate::DafnyCharUTF16;
+        type DafnyString = Sequence<DafnyCharUTF16>;
+
+        pub fn string_to_dafny_string(s: &str) -> DafnyString {
+            Sequence::from_array_owned(s.encode_utf16().map(|v| crate::DafnyCharUTF16(v)).collect())
         }
-        pub fn dafny_string_to_string(s: &Rc<Sequence<u16>>) -> String {
-            let characters = s.to_array();
-            String::from_utf16(&characters).unwrap()
+        pub fn dafny_string_to_string(s: &DafnyString) -> String {
+            let characters = s
+                .to_array()
+                .as_ref()
+                .iter()
+                .map(|v| v.0)
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+            String::from_utf16_lossy(&characters)
         }
     }
-    
-}
-
-#[allow(dead_code)]
-enum Sequence<T>
-  where T: Clone,
-{
-    ArraySequence {
-        // Values could be a native array because we will know statically that all 
-        // accesses are in bounds when using this data structure
-        values: Rc<Vec<T>>,
-    },
-    ConcatSequence {
-        left: Rc<Sequence<T>>,
-        right: Rc<Sequence<T>>,
-        length: SizeT,
-    },
-    LazySequence {
-        length: SizeT,
-        boxed: RefCell<Rc<Sequence<T>>>
-    }
-}
 
-#[allow(dead_code)]
-impl <T> Sequence<T>
-where T: Clone {
-    fn new_array_sequence(values: &Rc<Vec<T>>) -> Rc<Sequence<T>> {        
-        Rc::new(Sequence::ArraySequence {
-            values: Rc::clone(values),
-        })
-    }
-    fn new_concat_sequence(left: &Rc<Sequence<T>>, right: &Rc<Sequence<T>>) -> Rc<Sequence<T>> {
-       Rc::new(Sequence::ConcatSequence {
-            left: Rc::clone(&left),
-            right: Rc::clone(&right),
-            length: left.cardinality() + right.cardinality(),
-        })
-    }
-    fn new_lazy_sequence(boxed: &Rc<Sequence<T>>) -> Rc<Sequence<T>> {
-        Rc::new(Sequence::LazySequence {
-            length: boxed.cardinality(),
-            boxed: RefCell::new(Rc::clone(boxed)),
-        })
+    pub fn set_to_dafny_set<U, T: DafnyTypeEq>(
+        set: &HashSet<U>,
+        converter: fn(&U) -> T,
+    ) -> DafnySet<T> {
+        DafnySet::from_iterator(set.iter().map(converter))
     }
-
-    fn to_array(&self) -> Rc<Vec<T>> {
-        // We convert the match above to statements using the Rust "it" idiom
-        if let Sequence::ArraySequence { values, .. } = self {
-            // The length of the elements
-            Rc::clone(values)
-        } else if let Sequence::ConcatSequence { length, .. } = self {
-            let mut array: Vec<T> = Vec::with_capacity(*length);
-            Sequence::<T>::append_recursive(&mut array, self);
-            Rc::new(array)
-        } else if let Sequence::LazySequence { boxed, ..  } = self {
-            let result = boxed.borrow().to_array();
-            // Put the value back into boxed
-            boxed.replace(Rc::clone(
-                &Sequence::<T>::new_array_sequence(&result)));
-            result
-        } else {
-            panic!("This should never happen")
+    pub fn dafny_set_to_set<T, U>(set: &DafnySet<T>, converter: fn(&T) -> U) -> HashSet<U>
+    where
+        T: DafnyTypeEq,
+        U: Clone + Eq + Hash,
+    {
+        let mut result: HashSet<U> = HashSet::new();
+        for s in set.data.iter() {
+            result.insert(converter(s));
         }
+        result
     }
 
-    fn append_recursive(array: &mut Vec<T>, this: &Sequence<T>) {
-        match this {
-            Sequence::ArraySequence { values, .. } =>
-              // The length of the elements
-              for value in values.iter() {
-                array.push(value.clone());
-              },
-            Sequence::ConcatSequence { left, right, .. } =>
-              // Let's create an array of size length and fill it up recursively
-              {
-                Sequence::<T>::append_recursive(array, left);
-                Sequence::<T>::append_recursive(array, right);
-              }
-            Sequence::LazySequence { boxed, .. } =>
-            Sequence::<T>::append_recursive(array, boxed.borrow().as_ref()),
+    pub fn dafny_multiset_to_owned_vec<T, U>(
+        ms: &DafnyMultiset<T>,
+        converter: fn(&T) -> U,
+    ) -> Vec<U>
+    where
+        T: DafnyTypeEq,
+        U: Clone + Eq,
+    {
+        let mut result: Vec<U> = Vec::new();
+        for s in ms.data.iter() {
+            // Push T as many times as its size
+            for _ in 0..s.1.data.to_usize().unwrap() {
+                result.push(converter(&s.0));
+            }
         }
+        result
     }
 
-    /// Returns the cardinality of this [`Sequence<T>`].
-    // The cardinality returns the length of the sequence
-    fn cardinality(&self) -> SizeT {
-        match self {
-            Sequence::ArraySequence { values, .. } =>
-              // The length of the elements
-              values.len(),
-            Sequence::ConcatSequence { length, .. } =>
-              *length,
-            Sequence::LazySequence { length, .. } =>
-              *length,
-        }
-    }
-    fn select(&self, index: SizeT) -> T {
-        let array = self.to_array();
-        array[index].clone()
+    pub fn vec_to_dafny_multiset<T, U>(vec: &Vec<U>, converter: fn(&U) -> T) -> DafnyMultiset<T>
+    where
+        T: DafnyTypeEq,
+        U: Clone + Eq + Hash,
+    {
+        DafnyMultiset::from_iterator(vec.into_iter().map(|u: &U| converter(u)))
     }
-    
+}
+
+pub trait DafnyUsize {
+    fn into_usize(self) -> usize;
 }
 
 // **************
-// Immutable maps
+// Dafny integers
 // **************
 
-#[allow(dead_code)]
-struct Map<K, V> 
-  where K: Clone + Eq + std::hash::Hash, V: Clone
-{
-    data: Rc<Sequence<(K, V)>>,
-    // Any time we explicitly access this map, we index the data
-    cache: RefCell<Option<HashMap<K, V>>>
+// Zero-cost abstraction over a Rc<BigInt>
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct DafnyInt {
+    data: Rc<BigInt>,
 }
 
-#[allow(dead_code)]
-impl <K, V> Map<K, V>
-  where K: Clone + Eq + std::hash::Hash, V: Clone
-{
-    fn new_empty() -> Rc<Map<K, V>> {
-        Rc::new(Map {
-            data: Sequence::new_array_sequence(&Rc::new(Vec::new())),
-            cache: RefCell::new(None)
-        })
-    }
-    fn new_from_sequence(data: &Rc<Sequence<(K, V)>>) -> Rc<Map<K, V>> {
-        Rc::new(Map {
-            data: Rc::clone(data),
-            cache: RefCell::new(None)
-        })
-    }
-    fn to_hashmap_owned<K2, V2>(&self, converter_k: fn(&K)->K2, converter_v: fn(&V)->V2) -> HashMap<K2, V2>
-      where K2: Eq + std::hash::Hash, V2: Clone
-    {
-        let mut result: HashMap<K2, V2> = HashMap::new();
-        for (k, v) in self.data.to_array().iter() {
-            result.insert(converter_k(k), converter_v(v));
-        }
-        result
+impl DafnyInt {
+    pub fn new(data: Rc<BigInt>) -> DafnyInt {
+        DafnyInt { data }
     }
-    fn compute_hashmap(&self) {
-        let mut cache = self.cache.borrow_mut();
-        if cache.is_none() {
-            *cache = Some(self.to_hashmap_owned(
-                |x| x.clone(),
-                |x| x.clone()
-            ));
-        }
-    }
-    // Dafny will normally guarantee that the key exists.
-    fn get(&self, key: &K) -> V {
-        self.compute_hashmap();
-        self.cache.borrow_mut().as_ref().unwrap().get(key).unwrap().clone()
-    }
-    fn add(&self, key: K, value: V) -> Rc<Map<K, V>> {
-        let new_data = Sequence::<(K, V)>::new_array_sequence(
-            &Rc::new(vec![(key, value)]));
-        let combined_data = Sequence::<(K, V)>::new_concat_sequence(
-            &self.data, &new_data);
-        Rc::new(Map {
-            data: combined_data,
-            cache: RefCell::new(None)
-        })
+    pub fn as_usize(&self) -> usize {
+        self.to_usize().unwrap()
     }
-    fn add_multiple(&self, other: &Rc<Map<K, V>>) -> Rc<Map<K, V>> {
-        let new_data = Rc::clone(&other.data);
-        let combined_data = Sequence::<(K, V)>::new_concat_sequence(
-            &self.data, &new_data);
-        Rc::new(Map {
-            data: combined_data,
-            cache: RefCell::new(None)
-        })
-    
-    }
-    // TODO: Remaining methods + check names
 }
 
-// Generic function to allocate and return a raw pointer immediately
-#[inline]
-pub fn allocate<T>(value: Box<T>) -> *const T {
-    Box::into_raw(value)
+impl DafnyUsize for DafnyInt {
+    fn into_usize(self) -> usize {
+        self.as_usize()
+    }
 }
 
-// Generic function to safely deallocate a raw pointer
-#[inline]
-pub fn deallocate<T : ?Sized>(pointer: *const T) {
-    unsafe {
-        // Takes ownership of the reference,
-        // so that it's deallocated at the end of the method
-        let _ = Box::from_raw(pointer as *mut T);
+impl AsRef<BigInt> for DafnyInt {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &BigInt {
+        &self.data
     }
 }
 
-pub fn is_instance_of<T: ?Sized + Any, U: 'static>(theobject: *const T) -> bool {
-    unsafe { &*theobject }.as_any().downcast_ref::<U>().is_some()
+// truncate_u(x, u64)
+// = <DafnyInt as ToPrimitive>::to_u128(&x).unwrap() as u64;
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! truncate {
+    ($x:expr, $t:ty) => {
+        <$crate::DafnyInt as $crate::Into<$t>>::into($x)
+    };
 }
 
-pub fn dafny_rational_to_int(r: &BigRational) -> BigInt {
-    euclidian_division(r.numer().clone(), r.denom().clone())
+impl Into<u8> for DafnyInt {
+    fn into(self) -> u8 {
+        self.data.to_u8().unwrap()
+    }
 }
-
-pub fn nullable_referential_equality<T: ?Sized>(left: Option<Rc<T>>, right: Option<Rc<T>>) -> bool {
-    match (left, right) {
-        (Some(l), Some(r)) => {
-            Rc::ptr_eq(&l, &r)
-        }
-        (None, None) => true,
-        _ => false
+impl Into<u16> for DafnyInt {
+    fn into(self) -> u16 {
+        self.data.to_u16().unwrap()
     }
 }
-
-pub fn euclidian_division<A: Signed + Zero + One + Clone + PartialEq>(a: A, b: A) -> A {
-    if !a.is_negative() {
-        if !b.is_negative() {
-            a / b
-        } else {
-            -(a / -b)
-        }
-    } else {
-        if !b.is_negative() {
-            -((-(a + One::one())) / b) - One::one()
-        } else {
-            (-(a + One::one())) / (-b) + One::one()
-        }
+impl Into<u32> for DafnyInt {
+    fn into(self) -> u32 {
+        self.data.to_u32().unwrap()
     }
 }
-
-pub fn euclidian_modulo<A: Signed + Zero + One + Clone + PartialEq>(a: A, b: A) -> A {
-    if !a.is_negative() {
-        if !b.is_negative() {
-            a % b
-        } else {
-            a % -b
-        }
-    } else {
-        let bp = b.abs();
-        let c = (-a) % bp.clone();
-        if c == Zero::zero() {
-            Zero::zero()
-        } else {
-            bp - c
-        }
+impl Into<u64> for DafnyInt {
+    fn into(self) -> u64 {
+        self.data.to_u64().unwrap()
     }
 }
-
-pub struct IntegerRange<A: Add<Output = A> + One + Ord + Clone> {
-    hi: A,
-    current: A,
+impl Into<u128> for DafnyInt {
+    fn into(self) -> u128 {
+        self.data.to_u128().unwrap()
+    }
 }
-
-impl <A: Add<Output = A> + One + Ord + Clone> Iterator for IntegerRange<A> {
-    type Item = A;
-
-    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
-        if self.current < self.hi {
-            let result = self.current.clone();
-            self.current = self.current.clone() + One::one();
-            Some(result)
-        } else {
-            None
-        }
+impl Into<i8> for DafnyInt {
+    fn into(self) -> i8 {
+        self.data.to_i8().unwrap()
     }
 }
-
-pub fn integer_range<A: Add<Output = A> + One + Ord + Clone>(low: A, hi: A) -> impl Iterator<Item = A> {
-    IntegerRange {
-        hi,
-        current: low
+impl Into<i16> for DafnyInt {
+    fn into(self) -> i16 {
+        self.data.to_i16().unwrap()
     }
 }
-
-pub struct LazyFieldWrapper<A>(pub Lazy<A, Box<dyn 'static + FnOnce() -> A>>);
-
-impl <A: PartialEq> PartialEq for LazyFieldWrapper<A> {
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        self.0.deref() == other.0.deref()
+impl Into<i32> for DafnyInt {
+    fn into(self) -> i32 {
+        self.data.to_i32().unwrap()
     }
 }
-
-impl <A: Default + 'static> Default for LazyFieldWrapper<A> {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        Self(Lazy::new(Box::new(A::default)))
+impl Into<i64> for DafnyInt {
+    fn into(self) -> i64 {
+        self.data.to_i64().unwrap()
     }
 }
-
-impl <A: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for LazyFieldWrapper<A> {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        self.0.deref().fmt_print(f, in_seq)
+impl Into<i128> for DafnyInt {
+    fn into(self) -> i128 {
+        self.data.to_i128().unwrap()
     }
 }
 
-pub struct FunctionWrapper<A: ?Sized>(pub A);
-impl <A> DafnyPrint for FunctionWrapper<A> {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "<function>")
+impl ToPrimitive for DafnyInt {
+    fn to_i64(&self) -> Option<i64> {
+        self.data.to_i64()
     }
-}
 
-impl <A: Clone> Clone for FunctionWrapper<A> {
-    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
-        Self(self.0.clone())
+    fn to_u64(&self) -> Option<u64> {
+        self.data.to_u64()
     }
-}
 
-impl <A> DafnyErasable for FunctionWrapper<A> {
-    type Erased = FunctionWrapper<A>;
+    // Override of functions
+    fn to_u128(&self) -> Option<u128> {
+        self.data.to_u128()
+    }
 
-    fn erase(&self) -> &Self::Erased {
-        self
+    fn to_i128(&self) -> Option<i128> {
+        self.data.to_i128()
     }
+}
 
-    fn erase_owned(self) -> Self::Erased {
-        self
+impl Default for DafnyInt {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        DafnyInt::new(Rc::new(BigInt::zero()))
     }
 }
 
-impl <A> DafnyUnerasable<FunctionWrapper<A>> for FunctionWrapper<A> {
-    fn unerase(v: &FunctionWrapper<A>) -> &Self {
-        v
+impl NontrivialDefault for DafnyInt {
+    fn nontrivial_default() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
     }
+}
 
-    fn unerase_owned(v: FunctionWrapper<A>) -> Self {
-        v
+impl PartialEq<DafnyInt> for DafnyInt {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &DafnyInt) -> bool {
+        self.data.eq(&other.data)
+    }
+}
+impl Eq for DafnyInt {}
+impl Hash for DafnyInt {
+    fn hash<H: std::hash::Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        self.data.hash(state);
     }
 }
 
-impl <A: ?Sized> PartialEq for FunctionWrapper<Rc<A>> {
-    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
-        Rc::ptr_eq(&self.0, &other.0)
+impl DafnyPrint for DafnyInt {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", self.data)
     }
 }
 
-pub struct DafnyPrintWrapper<T>(pub T);
-impl <T: DafnyPrint> Display for DafnyPrintWrapper<&T> {
+impl ::std::fmt::Debug for DafnyInt {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        self.0.fmt_print(f, false)
+        write!(f, "{}", self.data)
     }
 }
 
-pub trait DafnyErasable: DafnyUnerasable<Self::Erased>
-where Self: Sized {
-    type Erased;
-
-    fn erase(&self) -> &Self::Erased {
-        unsafe { &*(self as *const Self as *const Self::Erased) }
-    }
+impl Add<DafnyInt> for DafnyInt {
+    type Output = DafnyInt;
 
-    fn erase_owned(self) -> Self::Erased {
-        unsafe { transmute_unchecked(self) }
+    fn add(self, rhs: DafnyInt) -> Self::Output {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(self.data.as_ref() + rhs.data.as_ref()),
+        }
     }
 }
 
-pub trait DafnyUnerasable<T>
-where Self: Sized {
-    fn unerase(v: &T) -> &Self {
-        unsafe { &*(v as *const T as *const Self) }
-    }
+impl Mul<DafnyInt> for DafnyInt {
+    type Output = DafnyInt;
 
-    fn unerase_owned(v: T) -> Self {
-        unsafe { transmute_unchecked(v) }
+    fn mul(self, rhs: DafnyInt) -> Self::Output {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(self.data.as_ref() * rhs.data.as_ref()),
+        }
     }
 }
 
-impl <T: DafnyErasable> DafnyErasable for Option<T> {
-    type Erased = Option<T::Erased>;
+impl Div<DafnyInt> for DafnyInt {
+    type Output = DafnyInt;
 
-    #[inline]
-    fn erase(&self) -> &Self::Erased {
-        unsafe { &*(self as *const Self as *const Self::Erased) }
+    fn div(self, rhs: DafnyInt) -> Self::Output {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(self.data.as_ref() / rhs.data.as_ref()),
+        }
     }
+}
 
-    #[inline]
-    fn erase_owned(self) -> Self::Erased {
-        unsafe { transmute_unchecked(self) }
+impl Sub<DafnyInt> for DafnyInt {
+    type Output = DafnyInt;
+
+    fn sub(self, rhs: DafnyInt) -> Self::Output {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(self.data.as_ref() - rhs.data.as_ref()),
+        }
     }
 }
+impl Rem<DafnyInt> for DafnyInt {
+    type Output = DafnyInt;
 
-impl <T: DafnyUnerasable<U>, U> DafnyUnerasable<Option<U>> for Option<T> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn unerase(v: &Option<U>) -> &Self {
-        unsafe { &*(v as *const Option<U> as *const Self) }
+    fn rem(self, rhs: DafnyInt) -> Self::Output {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(self.data.as_ref() % rhs.data.as_ref()),
+        }
     }
+}
+impl Neg for DafnyInt {
+    type Output = DafnyInt;
 
     #[inline]
-    fn unerase_owned(v: Option<U>) -> Self {
-        unsafe { transmute_unchecked(v) }
+    fn neg(self) -> Self::Output {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(-self.data.as_ref()),
+        }
     }
 }
-
-impl <T: DafnyErasable> DafnyErasable for Rc<T> {
-    type Erased = Rc<T::Erased>;
-
+impl Zero for DafnyInt {
     #[inline]
-    fn erase(&self) -> &Self::Erased {
-        unsafe { &*(self as *const Self as *const Self::Erased) }
+    fn zero() -> Self {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(BigInt::zero()),
+        }
     }
-
     #[inline]
-    fn erase_owned(self) -> Self::Erased {
-        unsafe { transmute_unchecked(self) }
+    fn is_zero(&self) -> bool {
+        self.data.is_zero()
     }
 }
-
-impl <T: DafnyUnerasable<U>, U> DafnyUnerasable<Rc<U>> for Rc<T> {
+impl One for DafnyInt {
     #[inline]
-    fn unerase(v: &Rc<U>) -> &Self {
-        unsafe { &*(v as *const Rc<U> as *const Self) }
+    fn one() -> Self {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(BigInt::one()),
+        }
     }
+}
+impl Num for DafnyInt {
+    type FromStrRadixErr = ParseBigIntError;
 
     #[inline]
-    fn unerase_owned(v: Rc<U>) -> Self {
-        unsafe { transmute_unchecked(v) }
+    fn from_str_radix(s: &str, radix: u32) -> Result<Self, Self::FromStrRadixErr> {
+        Ok(DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(BigInt::from_str_radix(s, radix)?),
+        })
     }
 }
-
-impl <T: DafnyErasable> DafnyErasable for Vec<T> {
-    type Erased = Vec<T::Erased>;
-}
-
-impl <T: DafnyUnerasable<U>, U> DafnyUnerasable<Vec<U>> for Vec<T> {}
-
-impl <T> DafnyErasable for HashSet<T> {
-    type Erased = HashSet<T>;
-
+impl Ord for DafnyInt {
     #[inline]
-    fn erase(&self) -> &Self::Erased {
-        self
+    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
+        self.data.cmp(&other.data)
     }
-
+}
+impl Signed for DafnyInt {
     #[inline]
-    fn erase_owned(self) -> Self::Erased {
-        self
+    fn abs(&self) -> Self {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(self.data.as_ref().abs()),
+        }
     }
-}
 
-impl <T> DafnyUnerasable<HashSet<T>> for HashSet<T> {
     #[inline]
-    fn unerase(v: &HashSet<T>) -> &Self {
-        v
+    fn abs_sub(&self, other: &Self) -> Self {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(self.data.as_ref().abs_sub(other.data.as_ref())),
+        }
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    fn unerase_owned(v: HashSet<T>) -> Self {
-        v
+    fn signum(&self) -> Self {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(self.data.as_ref().signum()),
+        }
     }
-}
-
-impl <K, V> DafnyErasable for HashMap<K, V> {
-    type Erased = HashMap<K, V>;
 
     #[inline]
-    fn erase(&self) -> &Self::Erased {
-        self
+    fn is_positive(&self) -> bool {
+        self.data.as_ref().is_positive()
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    fn erase_owned(self) -> Self::Erased {
-        self
+    fn is_negative(&self) -> bool {
+        self.data.as_ref().is_negative()
     }
 }
 
-impl <K, V> DafnyUnerasable<HashMap<K, V>> for HashMap<K, V> {
+// Comparison
+impl PartialOrd<DafnyInt> for DafnyInt {
     #[inline]
-    fn unerase(v: &HashMap<K, V>) -> &Self {
-        v
+    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &DafnyInt) -> Option<Ordering> {
+        self.data.partial_cmp(&other.data)
     }
+}
 
+impl DafnyInt {
     #[inline]
-    fn unerase_owned(v: HashMap<K, V>) -> Self {
-        v
+    pub fn parse_bytes(number: &[u8], radix: u32) -> DafnyInt {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: ::std::rc::Rc::new(BigInt::parse_bytes(number, radix).unwrap()),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_usize(usize: usize) -> DafnyInt {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(BigInt::from(usize)),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_i32(i: i32) -> DafnyInt {
+        DafnyInt {
+            data: Rc::new(BigInt::from(i)),
+        }
     }
 }
 
-impl <T> DafnyErasable for Box<T> {
-    type Erased = Box<T>;
+macro_rules! impl_dafnyint_from {
+    () => {};
+    ($type:ident) => {
+        impl From<$type> for DafnyInt {
+            fn from(n: $type) -> Self {
+                DafnyInt {
+                    data: Rc::new(n.into()),
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        impl DafnyUsize for $type {
+            fn into_usize(self) -> usize {
+                self as usize
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
 
-    #[inline]
-    fn erase(&self) -> &Self::Erased {
-        self
+impl_dafnyint_from! { u8 }
+impl_dafnyint_from! { u16 }
+impl_dafnyint_from! { u32 }
+impl_dafnyint_from! { u64 }
+impl_dafnyint_from! { u128 }
+impl_dafnyint_from! { i8 }
+impl_dafnyint_from! { i16 }
+impl_dafnyint_from! { i32 }
+impl_dafnyint_from! { i64 }
+impl_dafnyint_from! { i128 }
+impl_dafnyint_from! { usize }
+
+impl<'a> From<&'a [u8]> for DafnyInt {
+    fn from(number: &[u8]) -> Self {
+        DafnyInt::parse_bytes(number, 10)
     }
+}
 
-    #[inline]
-    fn erase_owned(self) -> Self::Erased {
-        self
+// Now the same but for &[u8, N] for any kind of such references
+impl<'a, const N: usize> From<&'a [u8; N]> for DafnyInt {
+    fn from(number: &[u8; N]) -> Self {
+        DafnyInt::parse_bytes(number, 10)
     }
 }
 
-impl <T> DafnyUnerasable<Box<T>> for Box<T> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn unerase(v: &Box<T>) -> &Self {
-        v
+impl From<char> for DafnyInt {
+    fn from(c: char) -> Self {
+        let cu32: u32 = c.into();
+        int!(cu32)
     }
+}
 
-    #[inline]
-    fn unerase_owned(v: Box<T>) -> Self {
-        v
+impl From<DafnyChar> for DafnyInt {
+    fn from(c: DafnyChar) -> Self {
+        int!(c.0)
     }
 }
 
-impl <T: DafnyErasable> DafnyErasable for RefCell<T> {
-    type Erased = RefCell<T::Erased>;
+impl From<DafnyCharUTF16> for DafnyInt {
+    fn from(c: DafnyCharUTF16) -> Self {
+        int!(c.0)
+    }
 }
 
-impl <T: DafnyUnerasable<U>, U> DafnyUnerasable<RefCell<U>> for RefCell<T> {}
+// **************
+// Immutable sequences
+// **************
 
-macro_rules! impl_already_erased {
-    ($name:ty) => {
-        impl DafnyErasable for $name {
-            type Erased = $name;
+impl<T: DafnyTypeEq> Eq for Sequence<T> {}
 
-            #[inline]
-            fn erase(&self) -> &Self::Erased {
-                self
-            }
+impl<T: DafnyType> Add<&Sequence<T>> for &Sequence<T> {
+    type Output = Sequence<T>;
 
-            #[inline]
-            fn erase_owned(self) -> Self::Erased {
-                self
+    fn add(self, rhs: &Sequence<T>) -> Self::Output {
+        Sequence::new_concat_sequence(self, rhs)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyType + Hash> Hash for Sequence<T> {
+    fn hash<H: std::hash::Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        self.cardinality_usize().hash(state);
+        let array = self.to_array();
+        // Iterate over the elements
+        for elt in array.iter() {
+            elt.hash(state);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Clone can be derived automatically
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub enum Sequence<T>
+where
+    T: DafnyType,
+{
+    ArraySequence {
+        // Values could be a native array because we will know statically that all
+        // accesses are in bounds when using this data structure
+        values: Rc<Vec<T>>,
+    },
+    ConcatSequence {
+        left: Rc<UnsafeCell<Sequence<T>>>,
+        right: Rc<UnsafeCell<Sequence<T>>>,
+        length: SizeT,
+        boxed: Rc<RefCell<Option<Rc<Vec<T>>>>>,
+    },
+}
+
+impl<T> Sequence<T>
+where
+    T: DafnyType,
+{
+    pub fn from_array(values: Ptr<[T]>) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let mut v = vec![];
+        v.extend_from_slice(read!(values));
+        Sequence::ArraySequence {
+            values: Rc::new(v),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_array_object(values: &Object<[T]>) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let mut v = vec![];
+        v.extend_from_slice(rd!(values));
+        Sequence::ArraySequence {
+            values: Rc::new(v),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_array_slice(values: Ptr<[T]>, start: &DafnyInt, end: &DafnyInt) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let mut v = vec![];
+        v.extend_from_slice(&read!(values)[start.to_usize().unwrap()..end.to_usize().unwrap()]);
+        Sequence::ArraySequence {
+            values: Rc::new(v),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_array_slice_object(values: &Object<[T]>, start: &DafnyInt, end: &DafnyInt) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let mut v = vec![];
+        v.extend_from_slice(&rd!(values)[start.to_usize().unwrap()..end.to_usize().unwrap()]);
+        Sequence::ArraySequence {
+            values: Rc::new(v),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_array_take(values: Ptr<[T]>, n: &DafnyInt) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let mut v = vec![];
+        v.extend_from_slice(&read!(values)[..n.to_usize().unwrap()]);
+        Sequence::ArraySequence {
+            values: Rc::new(v),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_array_take_object(values: &Object<[T]>, n: &DafnyInt) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let mut v = vec![];
+        v.extend_from_slice(&rd!(values)[..n.to_usize().unwrap()]);
+        Sequence::ArraySequence {
+            values: Rc::new(v),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_array_drop(values: Ptr<[T]>, n: &DafnyInt) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let mut v = vec![];
+        v.extend_from_slice(&read!(values)[n.to_usize().unwrap()..]);
+        Sequence::ArraySequence {
+            values: Rc::new(v),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_array_drop_object(values: &Object<[T]>, n: &DafnyInt) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let mut v = vec![];
+        v.extend_from_slice(&rd!(values)[n.to_usize().unwrap()..]);
+        Sequence::ArraySequence {
+            values: Rc::new(v),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_array_owned(values: Vec<T>) -> Sequence<T> {
+        Sequence::ArraySequence {
+            values: Rc::new(values),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn new_concat_sequence(left: &Sequence<T>, right: &Sequence<T>) -> Sequence<T> {
+        Sequence::ConcatSequence {
+            left: Rc::new(UnsafeCell::new(left.clone())),
+            right: Rc::new(UnsafeCell::new(right.clone())),
+            length: left.cardinality_usize() + right.cardinality_usize(),
+            boxed: Rc::new(RefCell::new(None)),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn to_array(&self) -> Rc<Vec<T>> {
+        // Let's convert the if then else below to a proper match statement
+        match self {
+            Sequence::ArraySequence { values, .. } =>
+            // The length of the elements
+            {
+                Rc::clone(values)
+            }
+            Sequence::ConcatSequence {
+                length,
+                boxed,
+                left,
+                right,
+            } => {
+                let into_boxed = boxed.as_ref().clone();
+                let into_boxed_borrowed = into_boxed.borrow();
+                let borrowed: Option<&Rc<Vec<T>>> = into_boxed_borrowed.as_ref();
+                if let Some(cache) = borrowed.as_ref() {
+                    return Rc::clone(cache);
+                }
+                // Let's create an array of size length and fill it up recursively
+                // We don't materialize nested arrays because most of the time they are forgotten
+                let mut array: Vec<T> = Vec::with_capacity(*length);
+                Sequence::<T>::append_recursive(&mut array, self);
+                let result = Rc::new(array);
+                let mut cache = boxed.borrow_mut();
+                let mutable_left: *mut Sequence<T> = left.get();
+                let mutable_right: *mut Sequence<T> = right.get();
+                // safety: Once the array is computed, left and right won't ever be read again.
+                unsafe { *mutable_left = seq!() };
+                unsafe { *mutable_right = seq!() };
+                *cache = Some(result.clone());
+                result
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn append_recursive(array: &mut Vec<T>, this: &Sequence<T>) {
+        match this {
+            Sequence::ArraySequence { values, .. } =>
+            // The length of the elements
+            {
+                for value in values.iter() {
+                    array.push(value.clone());
+                }
+            }
+            Sequence::ConcatSequence {
+                boxed, left, right, ..
+            } =>
+            // Let's create an array of size length and fill it up recursively
+            {
+                let into_boxed = boxed.as_ref().clone();
+                let into_boxed_borrowed = into_boxed.borrow();
+                let borrowed: Option<&Rc<Vec<T>>> = into_boxed_borrowed.as_ref();
+                if let Some(values) = borrowed.as_ref() {
+                    for value in values.iter() {
+                        array.push(value.clone());
+                    }
+                    return;
+                }
+                // safety: When a concat is initialized, the left and right are well defined
+                Sequence::<T>::append_recursive(array, unsafe { &mut *left.get() });
+                Sequence::<T>::append_recursive(array, unsafe { &mut *right.get() });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /// Returns the cardinality of this [`Sequence<T>`].
+    // The cardinality returns the length of the sequence
+    pub fn cardinality_usize(&self) -> SizeT {
+        match self {
+            Sequence::ArraySequence { values, .. } =>
+            // The length of the elements
+            {
+                values.len()
+            }
+            Sequence::ConcatSequence { length, .. } => *length,
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn cardinality(&self) -> DafnyInt {
+        DafnyInt::from_usize(self.cardinality_usize())
+    }
+    pub fn get_usize(&self, index: SizeT) -> T {
+        let array = self.to_array();
+        array[index].clone()
+    }
+
+    pub fn slice(&self, start: &DafnyInt, end: &DafnyInt) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let start_index = start.data.as_ref().to_usize().unwrap();
+        let end_index = end.data.as_ref().to_usize().unwrap();
+        let new_data = Sequence::from_array_owned(self.to_array()[start_index..end_index].to_vec());
+        new_data
+    }
+    pub fn take(&self, end: &DafnyInt) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let end_index = end.data.as_ref().to_usize().unwrap();
+        let new_data = Sequence::from_array_owned(self.to_array()[..end_index].to_vec());
+        new_data
+    }
+    pub fn drop(&self, start: &DafnyInt) -> Sequence<T> {
+        let start_index = start.data.as_ref().to_usize().unwrap();
+        let new_data = Sequence::from_array_owned(self.to_array()[start_index..].to_vec());
+        new_data
+    }
+
+    pub fn update_index(&self, index: &DafnyInt, value: &T) -> Self {
+        let mut result = self.to_array().as_ref().clone();
+        result[index.data.to_usize().unwrap()] = value.clone();
+        Sequence::from_array_owned(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn concat(&self, other: &Sequence<T>) -> Sequence<T> {
+        Sequence::new_concat_sequence(self, other)
+    }
+
+    pub fn get(&self, index: &DafnyInt) -> T {
+        self.get_usize(index.data.to_usize().unwrap())
+    }
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> SequenceIter<T> {
+        SequenceIter {
+            array: self.to_array(),
+            index: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct SequenceIter<T: Clone> {
+    array: Rc<Vec<T>>,
+    index: SizeT,
+}
+impl<T: Clone> Iterator for SequenceIter<T> {
+    type Item = T;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        if self.index < self.array.len() {
+            let result = self.array[self.index].clone();
+            self.index += 1;
+            Some(result)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyType> Default for Sequence<T> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Sequence::from_array_owned(vec![])
+    }
+}
+impl<T: DafnyType> NontrivialDefault for Sequence<T> {
+    fn nontrivial_default() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyTypeEq> Sequence<T> {
+    pub fn as_dafny_multiset(&self) -> Multiset<T> {
+        Multiset::from_array(&self.to_array())
+    }
+}
+
+// Makes it possible to write iterator.collect::<Sequence<T>> and obtain a sequence
+impl<T: DafnyType> FromIterator<T> for Sequence<T> {
+    fn from_iter<I: IntoIterator<Item = T>>(iter: I) -> Self {
+        Sequence::from_array_owned(iter.into_iter().collect())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyTypeEq> Sequence<T> {
+    pub fn contains(&self, value: &T) -> bool {
+        self.to_array().contains(value)
+    }
+}
+impl<T> PartialEq<Sequence<T>> for Sequence<T>
+where
+    T: DafnyType + PartialEq<T>,
+{
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Sequence<T>) -> bool {
+        // Iterate through both elements and verify that they are equal
+        let values: Rc<Vec<T>> = self.to_array();
+        if other.cardinality_usize() != values.len() {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let mut i: usize = 0;
+        for value in values.iter() {
+            if value != &other.get_usize(i) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            i += 1;
+        }
+        true
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyTypeEq> PartialOrd for Sequence<T> {
+    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Sequence<T>) -> Option<Ordering> {
+        // Comparison is only prefix-based
+        match self.cardinality_usize().cmp(&other.cardinality_usize()) {
+            Ordering::Equal => {
+                if self == other {
+                    Some(Ordering::Equal)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            Ordering::Less => {
+                for i in 0..self.cardinality_usize() {
+                    if self.get_usize(i) != other.get_usize(i) {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                }
+                Some(Ordering::Less)
+            }
+            Ordering::Greater => {
+                for i in 0..other.cardinality_usize() {
+                    if self.get_usize(i) != other.get_usize(i) {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                }
+                Some(Ordering::Greater)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<V: DafnyType> DafnyPrint for Sequence<V> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        if !V::is_char() {
+            write!(f, "[")?;
+        }
+        let mut first = true;
+        for value in self.to_array().iter() {
+            if !first && !V::is_char() {
+                write!(f, ", ")?;
+            }
+            first = false;
+            value.fmt_print(f, true)?;
+        }
+        if !V::is_char() {
+            write!(f, "]")
+        } else {
+            write!(f, "")
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<V: DafnyType> Debug for Sequence<V> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.fmt_print(f, false)
+    }
+}
+
+// **************
+// Immutable maps
+// **************
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Map<K, V>
+where
+    K: DafnyTypeEq,
+    V: DafnyType,
+{
+    data: Rc<HashMap<K, V>>,
+}
+
+impl<K: DafnyTypeEq, V: DafnyType> Default for Map<K, V> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Map {
+            data: Rc::new(HashMap::new()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<K: DafnyTypeEq, V: DafnyType> NontrivialDefault for Map<K, V> {
+    fn nontrivial_default() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<K: DafnyTypeEq, V: DafnyType> Hash for Map<K, V> {
+    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        self.data.len().hash(state); // Worst performance for things that are not hashable like maps
+    }
+}
+
+impl<K, V> PartialEq<Map<K, V>> for Map<K, V>
+where
+    K: DafnyTypeEq,
+    V: DafnyTypeEq,
+{
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Map<K, V>) -> bool {
+        if self.data.len() != other.data.len() {
+            return false;
+        }
+        for (k, v) in self.data.iter() {
+            if other.data.get(k) != Some(v) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+}
+
+impl<K: DafnyTypeEq, V: DafnyTypeEq> Eq for Map<K, V> {}
+
+impl<K: DafnyTypeEq, V: DafnyType> Map<K, V> {
+    pub fn new_empty() -> Map<K, V> {
+        Map {
+            data: Rc::new(HashMap::new()),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_array(values: &Vec<(K, V)>) -> Map<K, V> {
+        Self::from_iterator(values.iter().map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), v.clone())))
+    }
+    pub fn from_iterator<I>(data: I) -> Map<K, V>
+    where
+        I: Iterator<Item = (K, V)>,
+    {
+        let mut result: HashMap<K, V> = HashMap::new();
+        for (k, v) in data {
+            result.insert(k, v);
+        }
+        Self::from_hashmap_owned(result)
+    }
+    pub fn from_hashmap_owned(values: HashMap<K, V>) -> Map<K, V> {
+        Map {
+            data: Rc::new(values),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn to_hashmap_owned<K2, V2>(
+        &self,
+        converter_k: fn(&K) -> K2,
+        converter_v: fn(&V) -> V2,
+    ) -> HashMap<K2, V2>
+    where
+        K2: Eq + std::hash::Hash,
+        V2: Clone,
+    {
+        let mut result: HashMap<K2, V2> = HashMap::new();
+        for (k, v) in self.data.iter() {
+            result.insert(converter_k(k), converter_v(v));
+        }
+        result
+    }
+    pub fn cardinality_usize(&self) -> usize {
+        self.data.len()
+    }
+    pub fn cardinality(&self) -> DafnyInt {
+        DafnyInt::from_usize(self.cardinality_usize())
+    }
+    pub fn contains(&self, key: &K) -> bool {
+        self.data.contains_key(key)
+    }
+    pub fn get_or_none(&self, key: &K) -> Option<V> {
+        self.data.get(key).cloned()
+    }
+    // Dafny will normally guarantee that the key exists.
+    pub fn get(&self, key: &K) -> V {
+        self.data[key].clone()
+    }
+    pub fn merge(&self, other: &Map<K, V>) -> Map<K, V> {
+        if other.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return self.clone();
+        }
+        if self.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return other.clone();
+        }
+        let mut new_data = (*other.data).clone();
+        // Overriding self's keys with other's keys if there are some.
+        for (k, v) in self.data.iter() {
+            if !other.contains(k) {
+                new_data.insert(k.clone(), v.clone());
+            }
+        }
+        Self::from_hashmap_owned(new_data)
+    }
+    pub fn subtract(&self, keys: &Set<K>) -> Self {
+        if keys.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return self.clone();
+        }
+        let mut result: HashMap<K, V> = HashMap::new();
+        for (k, v) in self.data.iter() {
+            if !keys.contains(k) {
+                result.insert(k.clone(), v.clone());
+            }
+        }
+        Self::from_hashmap_owned(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_hashmap<K2, V2>(
+        map: &HashMap<K2, V2>,
+        converter_k: fn(&K2) -> K,
+        converter_v: fn(&V2) -> V,
+    ) -> Map<K, V>
+    where
+        K: DafnyTypeEq,
+        V: DafnyTypeEq,
+        K2: Eq + Hash,
+        V2: Clone,
+    {
+        let mut result: HashMap<K, V> = HashMap::new();
+        for (k, v) in map.iter() {
+            result.insert(converter_k(k), converter_v(v));
+        }
+        Map {
+            data: Rc::new(result),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn keys(&self) -> Set<K> {
+        let mut result: HashSet<K> = HashSet::new();
+        for (k, _) in self.data.iter() {
+            result.insert(k.clone());
+        }
+        Set::from_hashset_owned(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn update_index(&self, index: &K, value: &V) -> Self {
+        let mut result = self.data.as_ref().clone();
+        result.insert(index.clone(), value.clone());
+        Map::from_hashmap_owned(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn update_index_owned(&self, index: K, value: V) -> Self {
+        let mut result = self.data.as_ref().clone();
+        result.insert(index, value);
+        Map::from_hashmap_owned(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn iter_raw(&self) -> std::collections::hash_map::Iter<'_, K, V> {
+        self.data.iter()
+    }
+
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = K> + '_ {
+        self.data.iter().map(|(k, _v)| k).cloned()
+    }
+}
+
+
+impl<K: DafnyTypeEq, V: DafnyTypeEq> Map<K, V> {
+    pub fn values(&self) -> Set<V> {
+        let mut result: Vec<V> = Vec::new();
+        for (_, v) in self.data.iter() {
+            result.push(v.clone());
+        }
+        Set::from_array(&result)
+    }
+    pub fn items(&self) -> Set<(K, V)> {
+        let mut result: Vec<(K, V)> = Vec::new();
+        for (k, v) in self.data.iter() {
+            result.push((k.clone(), v.clone()));
+        }
+        Set::from_array(&result)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<K: DafnyTypeEq> Map<K, DafnyInt> {
+    pub fn as_dafny_multiset(&self) -> Multiset<K> {
+        Multiset::from_hashmap(&self.data)
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct MapBuilder<K, V>
+where
+    K: Clone + Eq + std::hash::Hash,
+    V: Clone,
+{
+    data: HashMap<K, V>,
+}
+
+impl<K, V> MapBuilder<K, V>
+where
+    K: DafnyTypeEq,
+    V: DafnyType,
+{
+    pub fn new() -> MapBuilder<K, V> {
+        MapBuilder {
+            data: HashMap::new(),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn add(&mut self, key: &K, value: &V) {
+        // Dafny will prove that overriding has the same value anyway
+        self.data.insert(key.clone(), value.clone());
+    }
+    pub fn build(self) -> Map<K, V> {
+        Map::from_hashmap_owned(self.data)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<K, V> DafnyPrint for Map<K, V>
+where
+    K: DafnyTypeEq,
+    V: DafnyType,
+{
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str("map[")?;
+        let mut first = true;
+        for (k, v) in self.data.iter() {
+            if !first {
+                f.write_str(", ")?;
+            }
+            first = false;
+            k.fmt_print(f, in_seq)?;
+            f.write_str(" := ")?;
+            v.fmt_print(f, in_seq)?;
+        }
+        f.write_str("]")
+    }
+}
+
+impl<K, V> Debug for Map<K, V>
+where
+    K: DafnyTypeEq,
+    V: DafnyTypeEq,
+{
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.fmt_print(f, false)
+    }
+}
+
+// **************
+// Immutable sets
+// **************
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Set<V: DafnyTypeEq> {
+    data: Rc<HashSet<V>>,
+}
+
+// Since there is no canonical way to iterate over a set to compute the hash.
+impl<T: DafnyTypeEq> ::std::hash::Hash for Set<T> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+        self.cardinality_usize().hash(_state)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyTypeEq> Eq for Set<T> {}
+
+impl<T> Default for Set<T>
+where
+    T: DafnyTypeEq,
+{
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new_empty()
+    }
+}
+impl<T: DafnyTypeEq> NontrivialDefault for Set<T> {
+    fn nontrivial_default() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<V> PartialEq<Set<V>> for Set<V>
+where
+    V: DafnyTypeEq,
+{
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Set<V>) -> bool {
+        // 1. Same cardinality
+        // 2. All the elements of self are in the other
+        if self.cardinality_usize() != other.cardinality_usize() {
+            false
+        } else {
+            for value in self.data.iter() {
+                if !other.contains(value) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            for value in other.data.iter() {
+                if !self.contains(value) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+            true
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyTypeEq> PartialOrd for Set<T> {
+    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
+        // Partial ordering is inclusion
+        if self.cardinality_usize() <= other.cardinality_usize() {
+            for value in self.data.iter() {
+                if !other.contains(value) {
+                    return None;
+                }
+            }
+            if self.cardinality_usize() == other.cardinality_usize() {
+                Some(Ordering::Equal)
+            } else {
+                Some(Ordering::Less)
+            }
+        } else {
+            for value in other.data.iter() {
+                if !self.contains(value) {
+                    return None;
+                }
+            }
+            Some(Ordering::Greater)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<V: DafnyTypeEq> Set<V> {
+    pub fn new_empty() -> Set<V> {
+        Self::from_hashset_owned(HashSet::new())
+    }
+    pub fn from_array(array: &Vec<V>) -> Set<V> {
+        Self::from_iterator(array.iter().map(|v| v.clone()))
+    }
+    pub fn from_iterator<I>(data: I) -> Set<V>
+    where
+        I: Iterator<Item = V>,
+    {
+        let mut set: HashSet<V> = HashSet::new();
+        for value in data {
+            set.insert(value);
+        }
+        Self::from_hashset_owned(set)
+    }
+    pub fn from_sequence(data: &Rc<Sequence<V>>) -> Set<V> {
+        Self::from_array(data.to_array().borrow())
+    }
+    pub fn from_hashset_owned(hashset: HashSet<V>) -> Set<V> {
+        Set {
+            data: Rc::new(hashset),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn cardinality_usize(&self) -> usize {
+        self.data.len()
+    }
+    pub fn cardinality(&self) -> DafnyInt {
+        DafnyInt::from_usize(self.data.len())
+    }
+    pub fn contains(&self, value: &V) -> bool {
+        self.data.contains(value)
+    }
+    pub fn merge(self: &Self, other: &Set<V>) -> Set<V> {
+        if self.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return other.clone();
+        }
+        if other.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return self.clone();
+        }
+        let mut result = self.data.as_ref().clone();
+        // iterate over the other, add only not contained elements
+        for value in other.data.iter() {
+            if !result.contains(value) {
+                result.insert(value.clone());
+            }
+        }
+        Set::from_hashset_owned(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn intersect(self: &Self, other: &Set<V>) -> Set<V> {
+        if self.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return self.clone();
+        }
+        if other.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return other.clone();
+        }
+        // Start with an empty vec with capacity the smallest of both sets
+        let mut result = HashSet::new();
+
+        // iterate over the other, take only elements in common
+        for value in self.data.iter() {
+            if other.data.contains(value) {
+                result.insert(value.clone());
+            }
+        }
+        Set::from_hashset_owned(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn subtract(&self, other: &Set<V>) -> Set<V> {
+        if self.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return self.clone();
+        }
+        if other.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return self.clone();
+        }
+        // Start with a vec the size of the first one
+        let mut result = HashSet::new();
+
+        // iterate over the other, take only elements not in second
+        for value in self.data.iter() {
+            if !other.contains(value) {
+                result.insert(value.clone());
+            }
+        }
+        Set::from_hashset_owned(result)
+    }
+
+    pub fn disjoint(&self, other: &Set<V>) -> bool {
+        if self.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if other.cardinality_usize() == 0 {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if other.data.len() < self.data.len() {
+            // iterate over the other, take only elements not in self
+            for value in other.data.iter() {
+                if self.contains(value) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            // iterate over the self, take only elements not in other
+            for value in self.data.iter() {
+                if other.contains(value) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        true
+    }
+
+    pub fn equals(&self, other: &Set<V>) -> bool {
+        if self.cardinality_usize() != other.cardinality_usize() {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // iterate over the other, take only elements not in second
+        for value in other.data.iter() {
+            if !self.contains(value) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        true
+    }
+
+    pub fn elements(self: &Self) -> Set<V> {
+        self.clone()
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_dafny_multiset(&self) -> Multiset<V> {
+        Multiset::from_set(self)
+    }
+
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> std::collections::hash_set::Iter<'_, V> {
+        self.data.iter()
+    }
+
+    pub fn peek(&self) -> V {
+        self.data.iter().next().unwrap().clone()
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct SetBuilder<T>
+where
+    T: Clone + Eq + std::hash::Hash,
+{
+    data: HashMap<T, bool>,
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyTypeEq> SetBuilder<T> {
+    pub fn new() -> SetBuilder<T> {
+        SetBuilder {
+            data: HashMap::new(),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn add(&mut self, value: &T) {
+        // Dafny will prove that overriding has the same value anyway
+        self.data.insert(value.clone(), true);
+    }
+    pub fn build(self) -> Set<T> {
+        // Iterate over all the key values of the hashmap and add them to an array
+        let mut result: Vec<T> = Vec::new();
+        for (k, _v) in self.data.iter() {
+            result.push(k.clone());
+        }
+
+        Set::from_array(&result)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<V: DafnyTypeEq> DafnyPrint for Set<V> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str("{")?;
+        let mut first = true;
+        for value in self.data.iter() {
+            if !first {
+                f.write_str(", ")?;
+            }
+            first = false;
+            value.fmt_print(f, in_seq)?;
+        }
+        f.write_str("}")
+    }
+}
+
+impl<V> Debug for Set<V>
+where
+    V: DafnyTypeEq,
+{
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.fmt_print(f, false)
+    }
+}
+
+// *******************
+// Immutable multisets
+// *******************
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct Multiset<V: DafnyTypeEq> {
+    pub data: HashMap<V, DafnyInt>,
+    pub size: DafnyInt,
+}
+
+impl<V: DafnyTypeEq> Multiset<V> {
+    pub fn new_empty() -> Multiset<V> {
+        Self::from_array(&vec![])
+    }
+    pub fn get_total(map: &HashMap<V, DafnyInt>) -> DafnyInt {
+        let mut total = DafnyInt::zero();
+        for (_, v) in map.iter() {
+            total = total + v.clone();
+        }
+        total
+    }
+    pub fn from_hashmap_owned(map: HashMap<V, DafnyInt>) -> Multiset<V> {
+        Multiset {
+            size: Self::get_total(&map),
+            data: map,
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_hashmap(map: &HashMap<V, DafnyInt>) -> Multiset<V> {
+        Self::from_hashmap_owned(map.clone())
+    }
+    pub fn from_array(data: &Vec<V>) -> Multiset<V> {
+        Self::from_iterator(data.iter().map(|x| x.clone()))
+    }
+    pub fn from_iterator<I>(data: I) -> Multiset<V>
+    where
+        I: Iterator<Item = V>,
+    {
+        let mut hashmap: HashMap<V, DafnyInt> = HashMap::new();
+        let mut total: DafnyInt = DafnyInt::zero();
+        for value in data {
+            let count = hashmap.entry(value.clone()).or_insert(DafnyInt::zero());
+            *count = count.clone() + DafnyInt::one();
+            total = total + DafnyInt::one();
+        }
+        Multiset {
+            data: hashmap,
+            size: total,
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn from_set(set: &Set<V>) -> Multiset<V> {
+        Self::from_iterator(set.data.iter().map(|v| v.clone()))
+    }
+
+    pub fn cardinality_usize(&self) -> SizeT {
+        self.size.data.to_usize().unwrap()
+    }
+    pub fn cardinality(&self) -> DafnyInt {
+        self.size.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn contains(&self, value: &V) -> bool {
+        self.data.contains_key(value) && self.data.get(value).unwrap() > &DafnyInt::zero()
+    }
+    pub fn get(&self, value: &V) -> DafnyInt {
+        if self.data.contains_key(value) {
+            self.data.get(value).unwrap().clone()
+        } else {
+            DafnyInt::zero()
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn update_count(&self, value: &V, new_count: &DafnyInt) -> Multiset<V> {
+        let mut result = self.clone();
+        let old_count = self.get(value);
+        if new_count == &DafnyInt::zero() {
+            result.data.remove(value);
+        } else {
+            result.data.insert(value.clone(), new_count.clone());
+        }
+        result.size = self.size.clone() + new_count.clone() - old_count;
+        result
+    }
+    pub fn merge(&self, other: &Multiset<V>) -> Multiset<V> {
+        if other.size.is_zero() {
+            return self.clone();
+        }
+        if self.size.is_zero() {
+            return other.clone();
+        }
+        let mut result = self.data.clone();
+        for (k, v) in other.data.iter() {
+            let old_count = self.get(k);
+            let new_count = old_count.clone() + v.clone();
+            result.insert(k.clone(), new_count);
+        }
+        Multiset {
+            data: result,
+            size: self.size.clone() + other.size.clone(),
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn intersect(&self, other: &Multiset<V>) -> Multiset<V> {
+        if other.size.is_zero() {
+            return other.clone();
+        }
+        if self.size.is_zero() {
+            return self.clone();
+        }
+        let mut result = HashMap::<V, DafnyInt>::new();
+        let mut total = DafnyInt::zero();
+        for (k, other_count) in other.data.iter() {
+            let self_count = self.get(k);
+            let resulting_count = if self_count < *other_count {
+                self_count
+            } else {
+                other_count.clone()
+            };
+            if resulting_count.is_positive() {
+                result.insert(k.clone(), resulting_count.clone());
+                total = total + resulting_count;
+            }
+        }
+        Multiset {
+            data: result,
+            size: total,
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn subtract(&self, other: &Multiset<V>) -> Multiset<V> {
+        if other.size.is_zero() {
+            return self.clone();
+        }
+        if self.size.is_zero() {
+            return self.clone();
+        }
+        let mut result = self.data.clone();
+        let mut total = self.size.clone();
+        for (k, v) in other.data.iter() {
+            let old_count = self.get(k);
+            let new_count = old_count.clone() - v.clone();
+            if !new_count.is_positive() {
+                total = total - old_count.clone();
+                result.remove(k);
+            } else {
+                total = total - v.clone();
+                result.insert(k.clone(), new_count);
+            }
+        }
+        Multiset {
+            data: result,
+            size: total,
+        }
+    }
+    pub fn disjoint(&self, other: &Multiset<V>) -> bool {
+        for value in other.data.keys() {
+            if self.contains(value) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        true
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_dafny_multiset(&self) -> Multiset<V> {
+        self.clone()
+    }
+
+    pub fn peek(&self) -> V {
+        self.data.iter().next().unwrap().0.clone()
+    }
+
+    pub fn iter_raw(&self) -> std::collections::hash_map::Iter<'_, V, DafnyInt> {
+        self.data.iter()
+    }
+
+    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = V> + '_ {
+        self.data.iter().map(|(k, _v)| k).cloned()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> Default for Multiset<T>
+where
+    T: DafnyTypeEq,
+{
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new_empty()
+    }
+}
+impl<T: DafnyTypeEq> NontrivialDefault for Multiset<T> {
+    fn nontrivial_default() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<V: DafnyTypeEq> PartialOrd<Multiset<V>> for Multiset<V> {
+    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Multiset<V>) -> Option<Ordering> {
+        match self.cardinality().cmp(&other.cardinality()) {
+            Ordering::Less => {
+                for value in self.data.keys() {
+                    if !other.contains(value) || self.get(value) > other.get(value) {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                }
+                Some(Ordering::Less)
+            }
+            Ordering::Equal => {
+                for value in self.data.keys() {
+                    if self.get(value) != other.get(value) {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                }
+                Some(Ordering::Equal)
+            }
+            Ordering::Greater => {
+                for value in other.data.keys() {
+                    if !self.contains(value) || self.get(value) < other.get(value) {
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                }
+                Some(Ordering::Greater)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<V: DafnyTypeEq> DafnyPrint for Multiset<V> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str("multiset{")?;
+        let mut first = true;
+        for value in self.data.iter() {
+            for _count in 0..value.1.data.to_usize().unwrap() {
+                if !first {
+                    f.write_str(", ")?;
+                }
+                first = false;
+                value.0.fmt_print(f, in_seq)?;
+            }
+        }
+        f.write_str("}")
+    }
+}
+
+impl<V> Debug for Multiset<V>
+where
+    V: DafnyTypeEq,
+{
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.fmt_print(f, false)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<V: DafnyTypeEq> PartialEq<Multiset<V>> for Multiset<V> {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Multiset<V>) -> bool {
+        if self.cardinality() != other.cardinality() {
+            return false;
+        }
+        // iterate over the other, take only elements not in second
+        for value in other.data.iter() {
+            if !self.contains(value.0) || self.get(value.0) != *value.1 {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        true
+    }
+}
+impl<V: DafnyTypeEq> Eq for Multiset<V> {}
+impl<V: DafnyTypeEq> Hash for Multiset<V> {
+    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        self.cardinality().hash(state);
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn dafny_rational_to_int(r: &BigRational) -> BigInt {
+    euclidian_division(r.numer().clone(), r.denom().clone())
+}
+
+pub fn nullable_referential_equality<T: ?Sized>(left: Option<Rc<T>>, right: Option<Rc<T>>) -> bool {
+    match (left, right) {
+        (Some(l), Some(r)) => Rc::ptr_eq(&l, &r),
+        (None, None) => true,
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn euclidian_division<A: Signed + Zero + One + Clone + PartialEq>(a: A, b: A) -> A {
+    if !a.is_negative() {
+        if !b.is_negative() {
+            a / b
+        } else {
+            -(a / -b)
+        }
+    } else {
+        if !b.is_negative() {
+            -((-(a + One::one())) / b) - One::one()
+        } else {
+            (-(a + One::one())) / (-b) + One::one()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn euclidian_modulo<A: Signed + Zero + One + Clone + PartialEq>(a: A, b: A) -> A {
+    if !a.is_negative() {
+        if !b.is_negative() {
+            a % b
+        } else {
+            a % -b
+        }
+    } else {
+        let bp = b.abs();
+        let c = (-a) % bp.clone();
+        if c == Zero::zero() {
+            Zero::zero()
+        } else {
+            bp - c
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct IntegerRange<A: Add<Output = A> + One + Ord + Clone> {
+    hi: A,
+    current: A,
+}
+
+impl<A: Add<Output = A> + One + Ord + Clone> Iterator for IntegerRange<A> {
+    type Item = A;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        if self.current < self.hi {
+            let result = self.current.clone();
+            self.current = self.current.clone() + One::one();
+            Some(result)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn integer_range<A: Add<Output = A> + One + Ord + Clone>(
+    low: A,
+    hi: A,
+) -> impl Iterator<Item = A> {
+    IntegerRange { hi, current: low }
+}
+
+pub struct IntegerRangeDown<A: Sub<Output = A> + One + Ord + Clone> {
+    current: A,
+    low: A,
+}
+
+impl<A: Sub<Output = A> + One + Ord + Clone> Iterator for IntegerRangeDown<A> {
+    type Item = A;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        if self.current > self.low {
+            self.current = self.current.clone() - One::one();
+            Some(self.current.clone())
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn integer_range_down<A: Sub<Output = A> + One + Ord + Clone>(
+    hi: A,
+    low: A,
+) -> impl Iterator<Item = A> {
+    IntegerRangeDown { current: hi, low }
+}
+
+// Unbounded versions
+
+pub struct IntegerRangeUnbounded<A: Add<Output = A> + One + Clone> {
+    current: A,
+}
+impl<A: Add<Output = A> + One + Clone> Iterator for IntegerRangeUnbounded<A> {
+    type Item = A;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        let result = self.current.clone();
+        self.current = self.current.clone() + One::one();
+        Some(result)
+    }
+}
+pub fn integer_range_unbounded<A: Add<Output = A> + One + Clone>(
+    low: A,
+) -> impl Iterator<Item = A> {
+    IntegerRangeUnbounded { current: low }
+}
+
+pub struct IntegerRangeDownUnbounded<A: Sub<Output = A> + One + Clone> {
+    current: A,
+}
+
+impl<A: Sub<Output = A> + One + Clone> Iterator for IntegerRangeDownUnbounded<A> {
+    type Item = A;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        self.current = self.current.clone() - One::one();
+        Some(self.current.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn integer_range_down_unbounded<A: Sub<Output = A> + One + Clone>(
+    hi: A,
+) -> impl Iterator<Item = A> {
+    IntegerRangeDownUnbounded { current: hi }
+}
+
+pub struct LazyFieldWrapper<A>(pub Lazy<A, Box<dyn 'static + FnOnce() -> A>>);
+
+impl<A: PartialEq> PartialEq for LazyFieldWrapper<A> {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        self.0.deref() == other.0.deref()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<A: Default + 'static> Default for LazyFieldWrapper<A> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self(Lazy::new(Box::new(A::default)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl<A: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for LazyFieldWrapper<A> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.0.deref().fmt_print(f, in_seq)
+    }
+}
+
+// Convert the DafnyPrint above into a macro so that we can create it for functions of any input arity
+macro_rules! dafny_print_function {
+    ($($n:tt)*) => {
+        impl <B, $($n),*> DafnyPrint for Rc<dyn Fn($($n),*) -> B> {
+            fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+                write!(f, "<function>")
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+// Now create a loop like impl_tuple_print_loop so that we can create functions up to size 32
+macro_rules! dafny_print_function_loop {
+    ($first:ident $($rest:ident)*) => {
+        dafny_print_function_loop! { $($rest)* }
+        dafny_print_function! { $first $($rest)* }
+    };
+    () => {
+    }
+}
+// Emit functions till 32 parameters
+dafny_print_function_loop! { A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A16
+A17 A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A23 A24 A25 A26 A27 A28 A29 A30 A31 A32 }
+
+pub struct FunctionWrapper<A: ?Sized>(pub A);
+impl<A> DafnyPrint for FunctionWrapper<A> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "<function>")
+    }
+}
+
+impl<A: Clone> Clone for FunctionWrapper<A> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        Self(self.0.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<A: ?Sized> PartialEq for FunctionWrapper<Rc<A>> {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        Rc::ptr_eq(&self.0, &other.0)
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct DafnyPrintWrapper<T>(pub T);
+impl<T: DafnyPrint> Display for DafnyPrintWrapper<&T> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.0.fmt_print(f, false)
+    }
+}
+
+// from gazebo
+#[inline]
+pub unsafe fn transmute_unchecked<A, B>(x: A) -> B {
+    assert_eq!(std::mem::size_of::<A>(), std::mem::size_of::<B>());
+    debug_assert_eq!(0, (&x as *const A).align_offset(std::mem::align_of::<B>()));
+    let b = std::ptr::read(&x as *const A as *const B);
+    std::mem::forget(x);
+    b
+}
+
+pub trait DafnyPrint {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result;
+
+    // Vec<char> gets special treatment so we carry that information here
+    #[inline]
+    fn is_char() -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> DafnyPrint for *const T {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "<{} object>", std::any::type_name::<T>())
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! impl_print_display {
+    ($name:ty) => {
+        impl DafnyPrint for $name {
+            fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+                std::fmt::Display::fmt(&self, f)
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+impl_print_display! { String }
+impl_print_display! { bool }
+impl_print_display! { u8 }
+impl_print_display! { u16 }
+impl_print_display! { u32 }
+impl_print_display! { u64 }
+impl_print_display! { u128 }
+impl_print_display! { i8 }
+impl_print_display! { i16 }
+impl_print_display! { i32 }
+impl_print_display! { i64 }
+impl_print_display! { i128 }
+impl_print_display! { usize }
+
+impl DafnyPrint for f32 {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{:.1}", self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl DafnyPrint for f64 {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{:.1}", self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl DafnyPrint for () {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "()")
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct DafnyCharUTF16(pub u16);
+pub type DafnyStringUTF16 = Sequence<DafnyCharUTF16>;
+
+impl Default for DafnyCharUTF16 {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self('a' as u16)
+    }
+}
+
+impl DafnyPrint for DafnyCharUTF16 {
+    #[inline]
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        let real_char = char::decode_utf16(vec![self.clone()].iter().map(|v| v.0))
+            .map(|r| r.map_err(|e| e.unpaired_surrogate()))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>()[0];
+        let rendered_char = match real_char {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(e) => {
+                return write!(f, "Invalid UTF-16 code point: {}", e);
+            }
+        };
+
+        if in_seq {
+            write!(f, "{}", rendered_char)
+        } else {
+            write!(f, "'{}'", rendered_char)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn is_char() -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+}
+
+impl Debug for DafnyCharUTF16 {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.fmt_print(f, false)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq<DafnyCharUTF16> for DafnyCharUTF16 {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &DafnyCharUTF16) -> bool {
+        self.0 == other.0
+    }
+}
+impl Eq for DafnyCharUTF16 {}
+impl Hash for DafnyCharUTF16 {
+    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        self.0.hash(state)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialOrd<DafnyCharUTF16> for DafnyCharUTF16 {
+    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &DafnyCharUTF16) -> Option<Ordering> {
+        (self.0).partial_cmp(&other.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Add<DafnyCharUTF16> for DafnyCharUTF16 {
+    type Output = DafnyCharUTF16;
+
+    fn add(self, rhs: DafnyCharUTF16) -> Self::Output {
+        DafnyCharUTF16(self.0 + rhs.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Sub<DafnyCharUTF16> for DafnyCharUTF16 {
+    type Output = DafnyCharUTF16;
+
+    fn sub(self, rhs: DafnyCharUTF16) -> Self::Output {
+        DafnyCharUTF16(self.0 - rhs.0)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct DafnyChar(pub char);
+pub type DafnyString = Sequence<DafnyChar>;
+
+impl Default for DafnyChar {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self('a')
+    }
+}
+
+impl DafnyPrint for DafnyChar {
+    #[inline]
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        if in_seq {
+            write!(f, "{}", self.0)
+        } else {
+            write!(f, "'{}'", self.0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn is_char() -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+}
+
+impl Debug for DafnyChar {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.fmt_print(f, false)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialEq<DafnyChar> for DafnyChar {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &DafnyChar) -> bool {
+        self.0 == other.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl PartialOrd<DafnyChar> for DafnyChar {
+    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &DafnyChar) -> Option<Ordering> {
+        (self.0 as u32).partial_cmp(&(other.0 as u32))
+    }
+}
+impl Eq for DafnyChar {}
+impl Hash for DafnyChar {
+    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        self.0.hash(state)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Add<DafnyChar> for DafnyChar {
+    type Output = DafnyChar;
+
+    fn add(self, rhs: DafnyChar) -> Self::Output {
+        DafnyChar(unsafe { char::from_u32_unchecked(self.0 as u32 + rhs.0 as u32) })
+    }
+}
+
+impl Sub<DafnyChar> for DafnyChar {
+    type Output = DafnyChar;
+
+    fn sub(self, rhs: DafnyChar) -> Self::Output {
+        DafnyChar(unsafe { char::from_u32_unchecked(self.0 as u32 - rhs.0 as u32) })
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for Option<T> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Some(x) => x.fmt_print(f, false),
+            None => write!(f, "null"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl DafnyPrint for BigInt {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{}", self)
+    }
+}
+
+fn divides_a_power_of_10(mut i: BigInt) -> (bool, BigInt, usize) {
+    let one: BigInt = One::one();
+
+    let mut factor = one.clone();
+    let mut log10 = 0;
+
+    let zero = Zero::zero();
+    let ten = BigInt::from_i32(10).unwrap();
+
+    if i <= zero {
+        return (false, factor, log10);
+    }
+
+    while i.is_multiple_of(&ten) {
+        i /= BigInt::from_i32(10).unwrap();
+        log10 += 1;
+    }
+
+    let two = BigInt::from_i32(2).unwrap();
+    let five = BigInt::from_i32(5).unwrap();
+
+    while i.is_multiple_of(&five) {
+        i /= &five;
+        factor *= &two;
+        log10 += 1;
+    }
+
+    while i.is_multiple_of(&two) {
+        i /= &two;
+        factor *= &two;
+        log10 += 1;
+    }
+
+    (i == one, factor, log10)
+}
+
+impl DafnyPrint for BigRational {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        if self.denom() == &One::one() || self.numer() == &Zero::zero() {
+            write!(f, "{}.0", self.numer())
+        } else {
+            let (divides, factor, log10) = divides_a_power_of_10(self.denom().clone());
+            if divides {
+                let mut num = self.numer().clone();
+                num *= factor;
+
+                if num.is_negative() {
+                    write!(f, "-")?;
+                    num = -num;
+                }
+
+                let digits = num.to_string();
+
+                if log10 < digits.len() {
+                    let digit_count = digits.len() - log10;
+                    write!(f, "{}", &digits[..digit_count])?;
+                    write!(f, ".")?;
+                    write!(f, "{}", &digits[digit_count..])
+                } else {
+                    let z = log10 - digits.len();
+                    write!(f, "0.")?;
+                    for _ in 0..z {
+                        write!(f, "0")?;
+                    }
+                    write!(f, "{}", digits)
+                }
+            } else {
+                write!(f, "({}.0 / {}.0)", self.numer(), self.denom())
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for Rc<T> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.as_ref().fmt_print(f, in_seq)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for Vec<T> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        if !T::is_char() {
+            write!(f, "[")?;
+        }
+
+        for (i, item) in self.iter().enumerate() {
+            if !T::is_char() {
+                if i > 0 {
+                    write!(f, ", ")?;
+                }
+
+                item.fmt_print(f, false)?;
+            } else {
+                item.fmt_print(f, true)?;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if !T::is_char() {
+            write!(f, "]")
+        } else {
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for RefCell<T> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.borrow().fmt_print(f, _in_seq)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for HashSet<T> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{{")?;
+
+        let mut i = 0;
+
+        for item in self.iter() {
+            if i > 0 {
+                write!(f, ", ")?;
+            }
+
+            item.fmt_print(f, false)?;
+
+            i += 1;
+        }
+
+        write!(f, "}}")
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn char_lt(left: char, right: char) -> bool {
+    let left_code = left as u32;
+    let right_code = right as u32;
+
+    left_code < right_code
+}
+
+pub fn string_of(s: &str) -> DafnyString {
+    s.chars()
+        .map(|v| DafnyChar(v))
+        .collect::<Sequence<DafnyChar>>()
+}
+
+pub fn string_utf16_of(s: &str) -> DafnyStringUTF16 {
+    Sequence::from_array_owned(s.encode_utf16().map(|v| DafnyCharUTF16(v)).collect())
+}
+
+macro_rules! impl_tuple_print {
+    ($($items:ident)*) => {
+        impl <$($items,)*> DafnyPrint for ($($items,)*)
+        where
+            $($items: DafnyPrint,)*
+        {
+            #[allow(unused_assignments)]
+            fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
+                let ($($items,)*) = self;
+
+                write!(f, "(")?;
+
+                let mut i = 0;
+
+                $(
+                    if (i > 0) {
+                        write!(f, ", ")?;
+                    }
+
+                    $items.fmt_print(f, false)?;
+
+                    i += 1;
+                )*
+
+                write!(f, ")")
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! impl_tuple_print_loop {
+    () => {};
+    ($first:ident $($rest:ident)*) => {
+        impl_tuple_print_loop! { $($rest)* }
+        impl_tuple_print! { $first $($rest)* }
+    };
+}
+
+// 32 elements ought to be enough for everyone
+impl_tuple_print_loop! {
+    A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10
+    A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20
+    A21 A22 A23 A24 A25 A26 A27 A28 A29 A30
+    A31
+}
+
+// seq!(1, 2, 3) is rewritten to Sequence::from_array_owned(vec!(1, 2, 3))
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! seq {
+    ($($x:expr),*) => {
+        $crate::Sequence::from_array_owned(vec![$($x), *])
+    }
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! set {
+    ($($x:expr), *) => {
+        {
+            // No warning about this variable not needing to be mut in the case of an empty set
+            #[allow(unused_mut)]
+            let mut temp_hash = ::std::collections::HashSet::new();
+            $(
+                temp_hash.insert($x);
+            )*
+            $crate::Set::from_hashset_owned(temp_hash)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! multiset {
+    ($($x:expr), *) => {
+        {
+            #[allow(unused_mut)]
+            let mut temp_hash = ::std::collections::HashMap::new();
+            #[allow(unused_mut)]
+            let mut total_size: usize = 0;
+            $( {
+                #[allow(unused_mut)]
+                let mut entry = temp_hash.entry($x).or_insert($crate::DafnyInt::from(0));
+                *entry = (*entry).clone() + $crate::DafnyInt::from(1);
+                total_size += 1;
+              }
+            )*
+            $crate::Multiset {
+                data: temp_hash,
+                size: $crate::DafnyInt::from(total_size),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// we enable the syntax map![k1 => v1, k2 => v2]
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! map {
+    ($($k:expr => $v:expr), *) => {
+        {
+            #[allow(unused_mut)]
+            let mut temp_hash = ::std::collections::HashMap::new();
+            $(
+                temp_hash.insert($k.clone(), $v.clone());
+            )*
+            $crate::Map::from_hashmap_owned(temp_hash)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! int {
+    ($x:expr) => {
+        $crate::DafnyInt::from($x)
+    };
+}
+
+//////////
+// Arrays
+//////////
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_GETTER_LENGTH0 {
+    () => {
+        #[inline]
+        pub fn length0(&self) -> DafnyInt {
+            DafnyInt::from(self.length0_usize())
+        }
+        #[inline]
+        pub fn length0_usize(&self) -> usize {
+            self.data.len()
+        }
+    }
+}
+macro_rules! ARRAY_GETTER_LENGTH {
+    ($field: ident, $field_usize: ident) => {
+        #[inline]
+        pub fn $field(&self) -> DafnyInt {
+            $crate::DafnyInt::from(self.$field_usize())
+        }
+        #[inline]
+        pub fn $field_usize(&self) -> usize {
+            self.$field
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// An 1-dimensional Dafny array is a zero-cost abstraction over a pointer on a native array
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! array {
+    ($($x:expr), *) => {
+        array::from_native(Box::new([$($x), *]))
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_INIT {
+    {$length: ident, $inner: expr} => {
+        $crate::array::initialize_box_usize($length, {
+            Rc::new(move |_| { $inner })
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_INIT_INNER {
+    ($length: ident) => {
+        $crate::array::placebos_box_usize::<T>($length)
+    }
+}
+
+// ARRAY_DATA_TYPE(length0, length1, length2) will return
+// Box<[Box<[Box<[T]>]>]>
+macro_rules! ARRAY_DATA_TYPE {
+    ($length:ident) => {
+        Box<[T]>
+    };
+    ($length:ident, $($rest_length:ident),+) => {
+        Box<[ARRAY_DATA_TYPE!($($rest_length),+)]>
+    };
+}
+
+// Macro to generate generalizations of the function placebos_usize to higher-dimensions arrays
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! INIT_ARRAY_DATA {
+    // Handle the innermost array initialization
+    ($ArrayType:ident, $last_length:ident) => {
+        ARRAY_INIT_INNER!($last_length)
+    };
+    // Handle recursive array initialization for multiple dimensions
+    ($ArrayType:ident, $first_length:ident, $($rest_length:ident),+) => {
+        ARRAY_INIT!($first_length, INIT_ARRAY_DATA!($ArrayType, $($rest_length),+))
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_METHODS {
+    // Accepts any number of length identifiers
+    ($ArrayType:ident, $length0: ident, $($length:ident),+) => {
+        pub fn placebos_box_usize(
+            $length0: usize,
+            $($length: usize),+
+        ) -> Box<$ArrayType<$crate::MaybeUninit<T>>> {
+            Box::new($ArrayType {
+                $($length: $length),+,
+                data: INIT_ARRAY_DATA!($ArrayType, $length0, $($length),+),
+            })
+        }
+        
+        pub fn placebos_usize(
+            $length0: usize,
+            $($length: usize),+
+        ) -> Ptr<$ArrayType<$crate::MaybeUninit<T>>> {
+            Ptr::from_box(Self::placebos_box_usize(
+                $length0,
+                $($length),+
+            ))
+        }
+
+        pub fn placebos_usize_object(
+            $length0: usize,
+            $($length: usize),+
+        ) -> $crate::Object<$ArrayType<$crate::MaybeUninit<T>>> {
+            // SAFETY: We know the object is owned and never referred to by anything else
+            $crate::Object::new($ArrayType {
+                $($length: $length),+,
+                data: INIT_ARRAY_DATA!($ArrayType, $length0, $($length),+),
+            })
+        }
+
+        pub fn placebos(
+            $length0: &$crate::DafnyInt,
+            $($length: &$crate::DafnyInt),+
+        ) -> Ptr<$ArrayType<$crate::MaybeUninit<T>>> {
+            Self::placebos_usize(
+                $length0.as_usize(),
+                $($length.as_usize()),+
+            )
+        }
+
+        // Once all the elements have been initialized, transform the signature of the pointer
+        pub fn construct(p: Ptr<$ArrayType<$crate::MaybeUninit<T>>>) -> Ptr<$ArrayType<T>> {
+            unsafe { std::mem::transmute(p) }
+        }
+        // Once all the elements have been initialized, transform the signature of the pointer
+        pub fn construct_object(p: $crate::Object<$ArrayType<MaybeUninit<T>>>) -> Object<$ArrayType<T>> {
+            unsafe { std::mem::transmute(p) }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_STRUCT {
+    ($ArrayType:ident, $length0: ident, $($length:ident),+) => {
+        pub struct $ArrayType<T> {
+            $($length: usize),+,
+            pub data: ARRAY_DATA_TYPE!($length0, $($length),+),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_TO_VEC_LOOP {
+    (@inner $self: ident, $tmp: ident, $data: expr) => {
+        $tmp.push($data.clone());
+    };
+    (@for $self: ident, $tmp: ident, $data: expr, $length_usize: ident $(, $rest_length_usize: ident)*) => {
+        for i in 0..$self.$length_usize() {
+            ARRAY_TO_VEC_LOOP!(@inner $self, $tmp, $data[i] $(, $rest_length_usize)*);
+        }
+    };
+    (@inner $self: ident, $outerTmp: ident, $data: expr $(, $rest_length_usize: ident)*) => {
+        {
+            let mut tmp = Vec::new();
+            ARRAY_TO_VEC_LOOP!(@for $self, tmp, $data $(, $rest_length_usize)*);
+            $outerTmp.push(tmp);
+        }
+    };
+    
+    ($self: ident, $data: expr $(, $rest_length_usize: ident)*) => {
+        {
+            let mut tmp = Vec::new();
+            ARRAY_TO_VEC_LOOP!(@for $self, tmp, $data $(, $rest_length_usize)*);
+            tmp
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_TO_VEC_TYPE {
+    ($length0: ident) => {
+        Vec<T>
+    };
+    ($length0: ident $(, $res_length: ident)*) => {
+        Vec<ARRAY_TO_VEC_TYPE!($($res_length), *)>
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_TO_VEC {
+    ($length0_usize: ident $(, $res_length_usize: ident)*) => {
+        pub fn to_vec(&self) -> ARRAY_TO_VEC_TYPE!($length0_usize, $($res_length_usize),*) {
+            ARRAY_TO_VEC_LOOP!(self, self.data, $length0_usize, $($res_length_usize),*)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_LENGTHS {
+    () => {
+
+    };
+    (($length0: ident, $length0_usize: ident) $(, $rest: tt)*) => {
+        ARRAY_GETTER_LENGTH0!();
+        ARRAY_LENGTHS!($(, $rest)*);
+    };
+    (, ($length: ident, $length_usize: ident) $(, $rest: tt)*) => {
+        ARRAY_GETTER_LENGTH!($length, $length_usize);
+        ARRAY_LENGTHS!($(, $rest)*);
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_METHODS_WRAPPER {
+    ($ArrayType:ident, $(($length:ident, $length_usize: ident)), +) => {
+        ARRAY_METHODS!($ArrayType, $($length), +);
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_TO_VEC_WRAPPER {
+    ($(($length:ident, $length_usize: ident)), +) => {
+        ARRAY_TO_VEC!($($length_usize), +);
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_STRUCT_WRAPPER {
+    ($ArrayType:ident, $(($length:ident, $length_usize: ident)), +) => {
+        ARRAY_STRUCT!($ArrayType, $($length), +);
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! ARRAY_DEF {
+    ($ArrayType:ident, $(($length:ident, $length_usize: ident)), +) => {
+        ARRAY_STRUCT_WRAPPER!($ArrayType, $(($length, $length_usize)), +);
+        impl<T> $ArrayType<T> {
+            ARRAY_LENGTHS!{
+                $(($length, $length_usize)), +
+            }
+            ARRAY_METHODS_WRAPPER!{$ArrayType,
+                $(($length, $length_usize)), +
+            }
+        }
+        impl<T: Clone> $ArrayType<T> {
+            ARRAY_TO_VEC_WRAPPER!{
+                $(($length, $length_usize)), +
             }
         }
+    }
+}
 
-        impl DafnyUnerasable<$name> for $name {
-            #[inline]
-            fn unerase(v: &$name) -> &Self {
-                v
-            }
-        
-            #[inline]
-            fn unerase_owned(v: $name) -> Self {
-                v
-            }
+// Array2 to Array16
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array2, 
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array3, 
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array4,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array5,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array6,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array7,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize),
+    (length6, length6_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array8,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize),
+    (length6, length6_usize),
+    (length7, length7_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array9,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize),
+    (length6, length6_usize),
+    (length7, length7_usize),
+    (length8, length8_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array10,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize),
+    (length6, length6_usize),
+    (length7, length7_usize),
+    (length8, length8_usize),
+    (length9, length9_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array11,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize),
+    (length6, length6_usize),
+    (length7, length7_usize),
+    (length8, length8_usize),
+    (length9, length9_usize),
+    (length10, length10_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array12,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize),
+    (length6, length6_usize),
+    (length7, length7_usize),
+    (length8, length8_usize),
+    (length9, length9_usize),
+    (length10, length10_usize),
+    (length11, length11_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array13,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize),
+    (length6, length6_usize),
+    (length7, length7_usize),
+    (length8, length8_usize),
+    (length9, length9_usize),
+    (length10, length10_usize),
+    (length11, length11_usize),
+    (length12, length12_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array14,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize),
+    (length6, length6_usize),
+    (length7, length7_usize),
+    (length8, length8_usize),
+    (length9, length9_usize),
+    (length10, length10_usize),
+    (length11, length11_usize),
+    (length12, length12_usize),
+    (length13, length13_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array15,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize),
+    (length6, length6_usize),
+    (length7, length7_usize),
+    (length8, length8_usize),
+    (length9, length9_usize),
+    (length10, length10_usize),
+    (length11, length11_usize),
+    (length12, length12_usize),
+    (length13, length13_usize),
+    (length14, length14_usize)
+}
+
+ARRAY_DEF!{Array16,
+    (length0, length0_usize),
+    (length1, length1_usize),
+    (length2, length2_usize),
+    (length3, length3_usize),
+    (length4, length4_usize),
+    (length5, length5_usize),
+    (length6, length6_usize),
+    (length7, length7_usize),
+    (length8, length8_usize),
+    (length9, length9_usize),
+    (length10, length10_usize),
+    (length11, length11_usize),
+    (length12, length12_usize),
+    (length13, length13_usize),
+    (length14, length14_usize),
+    (length15, length15_usize)
+}
+
+pub mod array {
+    use super::DafnyInt;
+    use num::ToPrimitive;
+    use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
+    use std::{boxed::Box, rc::Rc, vec::Vec};
+    use super::Ptr;
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn from_native<T>(v: Box<[T]>) -> Ptr<[T]> {
+        Ptr::from_box(v)
+    }
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn from_vec<T>(v: Vec<T>) -> Ptr<[T]> {
+        from_native(v.into_boxed_slice())
+    }
+    pub fn to_vec<T>(v: Ptr<[T]>) -> Vec<T> {
+        unsafe { Box::<[T]>::from_raw(v.into_raw()) }.into_vec()
+    }
+    pub fn initialize_usize<T>(n: usize, initializer: Rc<dyn Fn(usize) -> T>) -> Ptr<[T]> {
+        let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(n);
+        for i in 0..n {
+            v.push(initializer(i));
+        }
+        from_vec(v)
+    }
+
+    pub fn placebos<T>(n: &DafnyInt) -> Ptr<[MaybeUninit<T>]> {
+        placebos_usize(n.as_usize())
+    }
+    pub fn placebos_usize<T>(n: usize) -> Ptr<[MaybeUninit<T>]> {
+        Ptr::from_box(placebos_box_usize(n))
+    }
+    pub fn placebos_usize_object<T>(n: usize) -> super::Object<[MaybeUninit<T>]> {
+        super::rcmut::array_object_from_box(placebos_box_usize(n))
+    }
+    // Once all the elements have been initialized, transform the signature of the pointer
+    pub fn construct<T>(p: Ptr<[MaybeUninit<T>]>) -> Ptr<[T]> {
+        unsafe { std::mem::transmute(p) }
+    }
+    pub fn construct_object<T>(p: super::Object<[MaybeUninit<T>]>) -> super::Object<[T]> {
+        unsafe { std::mem::transmute(p) }
+    }
+
+    pub fn placebos_box<T>(n: &DafnyInt) -> Box<[MaybeUninit<T>]> {
+        placebos_box_usize(n.to_usize().unwrap())
+    }
+    pub fn placebos_box_usize<T>(n_usize: usize) -> Box<[MaybeUninit<T>]> {
+        // This code is optimized to take a constant time. See:
+        // https://users.rust-lang.org/t/allocate-a-boxed-array-of-maybeuninit/110169/7
+        std::iter::repeat_with(MaybeUninit::uninit)
+            .take(n_usize)
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    pub fn initialize<T>(n: &DafnyInt, initializer: Rc<dyn Fn(&DafnyInt) -> T>) -> Ptr<[T]> {
+        super::Ptr::from_box(initialize_box(n, initializer))
+    }
+
+    pub fn initialize_box<T>(n: &DafnyInt, initializer: Rc<dyn Fn(&DafnyInt) -> T>) -> Box<[T]> {
+        initialize_box_usize(n.to_usize().unwrap(), initializer)
+    }
+    pub fn initialize_box_usize<T>(
+        n_usize: usize,
+        initializer: Rc<dyn Fn(&DafnyInt) -> T>,
+    ) -> Box<[T]> {
+        let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(n_usize);
+        for i in 0..n_usize {
+            v.push(initializer(&int!(i)));
+        }
+        v.into_boxed_slice()
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn length_usize<T>(this: Ptr<[T]>) -> usize {
+        // safety: Dafny won't call this function unless it can guarantee the array is still allocated
+        super::read!(this).len()
+    }
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn length<T>(this: Ptr<[T]>) -> DafnyInt {
+        int!(length_usize(this))
+    }
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn get_usize<T: Clone>(this: Ptr<[T]>, i: usize) -> T {
+        // safety: Dafny won't call this function unless it can guarantee the array is still allocated
+        this.as_ref()[i].clone()
+    }
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn get<T: Clone>(this: Ptr<[T]>, i: &DafnyInt) -> T {
+        get_usize(this, i.to_usize().unwrap())
+    }
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn update_usize<T>(this: Ptr<[T]>, i: usize, val: T) {
+        // safety: Dafny won't call this function unless it can guarantee the array is still allocated
+        crate::modify!(this)[i] = val;
+    }
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn update<T>(this: Ptr<[T]>, i: &DafnyInt, val: T) {
+        update_usize(this, i.to_usize().unwrap(), val);
+    }
+}
+
+///////////////////
+// Class helpers //
+///////////////////
+pub fn allocate<T>() -> Ptr<T> {
+    let this_ptr = Box::into_raw(Box::new(MaybeUninit::uninit())) as *mut MaybeUninit<T> as *mut T;
+    Ptr::from_raw_nonnull(this_ptr)
+}
+// Generic function to safely deallocate a raw pointer
+#[inline]
+pub fn deallocate<T: ?Sized>(pointer: Ptr<T>) {
+    // safety: Dafny won't call this function unless it can guarantee the object is still allocated
+    unsafe {
+        // Takes ownership of the reference,
+        // so that it's deallocated at the end of the method
+        let _ = Box::from_raw(pointer.into_raw());
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct ExactPool<T: Clone> {
+    current: T,
+    yielded: bool,
+}
+
+// Implement iterator for an exact pool, yielding
+impl<T: Clone> Iterator for ExactPool<T> {
+    type Item = T;
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        if self.yielded {
+            None
+        } else {
+            self.yielded = true;
+            Some(self.current.clone())
         }
+    }
+}
+pub fn exact_range<T: Clone>(value: T) -> ExactPool<T> {
+    ExactPool {
+        current: value,
+        yielded: false,
+    }
+}
+
+// Any Dafny trait must require classes extending it to have a method "as_any_mut"
+// that can convert the reference from that trait to a reference of Any
+
+// 'is' is meant to be used on references only, to check if a trait reference is a class reference
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! is {
+    ($raw:expr, $id:ty) => {
+        $crate::modify!($crate::cast_any!($raw))
+            .downcast_mut::<$id>()
+            .is_some()
+    };
+}
+
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! is_object {
+    ($raw:expr, $id:ty) => {
+        $crate::md!($crate::cast_any_object!($raw))
+            .downcast_mut::<$id>()
+            .is_some()
     };
 }
 
-impl_already_erased! { String }
-impl_already_erased! { char }
-impl_already_erased! { bool }
-impl_already_erased! { u8 }
-impl_already_erased! { u16 }
-impl_already_erased! { u32 }
-impl_already_erased! { u64 }
-impl_already_erased! { u128 }
-impl_already_erased! { i8 }
-impl_already_erased! { i16 }
-impl_already_erased! { i32 }
-impl_already_erased! { i64 }
-impl_already_erased! { i128 }
-impl_already_erased! { f32 }
-impl_already_erased! { f64 }
-impl_already_erased! { () }
-impl_already_erased! { BigInt }
-impl_already_erased! { BigRational }
+// cast_any is meant to be used on references only, to convert any references (classes or traits)*
+// to an Any reference trait
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! cast_any {
+    ($raw:expr) => {
+        $crate::Upcast::<dyn Any>::upcast($crate::modify!($raw))
+    };
+}
+// cast_any_object is meant to be used on references only, to convert any references (classes or traits)*
+// to an Any reference trait
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! cast_any_object {
+    ($obj:expr) => {
+        $crate::UpcastObject::<dyn Any>::upcast($crate::md!($obj))
+    };
+}
 
-// from gazebo
-#[inline]
-unsafe fn transmute_unchecked<A, B>(x: A) -> B {
-    assert_eq!(std::mem::size_of::<A>(), std::mem::size_of::<B>());
-    debug_assert_eq!(0, (&x as *const A).align_offset(std::mem::align_of::<B>()));
-    let b = std::ptr::read(&x as *const A as *const B);
-    std::mem::forget(x);
-    b
+
+// When initializing an uninitialized field for the first time,
+// we ensure we don't drop the previous content
+// This is problematic if the same field is overwritten multiple times
+/// In that case, prefer to use update_uninit
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! update_field_nodrop {
+    ($ptr:expr, $field:ident, $value:expr) => {
+        $crate::update_nodrop!($crate::modify!($ptr).$field, $value)
+    };
 }
 
-macro_rules! impl_tuple_erased {
-    ($($items:ident)*) => {
-        impl <$($items,)*> DafnyErasable for ($($items,)*)
-        where
-            $($items: DafnyErasable,)*
+// When initializing an uninitialized field for the first time,
+// we ensure we don't drop the previous content
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! update_nodrop {
+    ($ptr:expr, $value:expr) => {
+        // safety: Dafny won't call this function unless it can guarantee the value at the address was not
+        // yet initialized, so that not dropping it won't create a memory leak
+        unsafe { ::std::ptr::addr_of_mut!($ptr).write($value) }
+    }
+}
+
+// Given a class or array pointer, transforms it to a mutable reference
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! modify {
+    ($ptr:expr) => {
         {
-            type Erased = ($($items::Erased,)*);
+            #[allow(unused_unsafe)]
+            let tmp = unsafe {&mut *(::std::cell::UnsafeCell::raw_get($ptr.0.unwrap_unchecked().as_ptr()))};
+            tmp
+        }
+    }
+}
 
-            #[inline]
-            fn erase(&self) -> &Self::Erased {
-                unsafe { &*(self as *const Self as *const Self::Erased) }
-            }
+// Given a class or array pointer, transforms it to a read-only reference
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! read {
+    ($ptr:expr) => {
+        {
+            #[allow(unused_unsafe)]
+            let tmp = unsafe {&*(::std::cell::UnsafeCell::raw_get($ptr.0.unwrap_unchecked().as_ptr()))};
+            tmp
+        }
+    }
+}
 
-            #[inline]
-            fn erase_owned(self) -> Self::Erased {
-                unsafe { transmute_unchecked(self) }
-            }
+// If the field is guaranteed to be assigned only once, update_field_nodrop is sufficient
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! update_field_uninit {
+    ($t:expr, $field:ident, $field_assigned:expr, $value:expr) => {{
+        let computed_value = $value;
+        #[allow(unused_assignments)]
+        if $field_assigned {
+            $crate::modify!($t).$field = computed_value;
+        } else {
+            $crate::update_field_nodrop!($t, $field, computed_value);
+            $field_assigned = true;
         }
+    }};
+}
 
-        paste::item! {
-            impl <$([<T $items>],)* $($items: DafnyUnerasable<[<T $items>]>,)*> DafnyUnerasable<($([<T $items>],)*)> for ($($items,)*)
-            {
-                #[inline]
-                fn unerase(v: &($([<T $items>],)*)) -> &Self {
-                    unsafe { &*(v as *const ($([<T $items>],)*) as *const Self) }
-                }
+// Macro to call at the end of the first new; constructor when not every field is guaranteed to be assigned.
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! update_field_if_uninit {
+    ($t:expr, $field:ident, $field_assigned:expr, $value:expr) => {{
+        let computed_value = $value;
+        if !$field_assigned {
+            $crate::update_field_nodrop!($t, $field, computed_value);
+            $field_assigned = true;
+        }
+    }};
+}
 
-                #[inline]
-                fn unerase_owned(v: ($([<T $items>],)*)) -> Self {
-                    unsafe { transmute_unchecked(v) }
-                }
+/////////////////
+// Raw pointers (require wrapping because of equality)
+/////////////////
+
+// This Ptr has the same run-time space as *mut
+pub struct Ptr<T: ?Sized>(pub Option<NonNull<UnsafeCell<T>>>);
+
+impl <T: ?Sized> Ptr<T> {
+    pub fn null() -> Self {
+        Ptr(None)
+    }
+    pub fn is_null(&self) -> bool {
+        self.0.is_none()
+    }
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn from_raw_nonnull(t: *mut T) -> Ptr<T> {
+        unsafe { Ptr(Some(::std::mem::transmute::<NonNull<T>, NonNull<UnsafeCell<T>>>(NonNull::new_unchecked(t)))) }
+    }
+    pub fn from_box(t: Box<T>) -> Ptr<T> {
+        Self::from_raw_nonnull(Box::into_raw(t))
+    }
+    pub fn into_raw(self) -> *mut T {
+        if self.is_null() {
+            panic!("Cannot turn a null pointer into a raw pointer");
+        }
+        let nonnull = unsafe { self.0.unwrap_unchecked() };
+        unsafe { ::std::mem::transmute::<_, *mut T>(nonnull.as_ptr()) }
+    }
+}
+
+impl <T: ?Sized + 'static + Upcast<dyn Any>> Ptr<T> {
+    pub fn is_instance_of<U: 'static>(self) -> bool {
+        if self.is_null() {
+            false
+        } else {
+            read!(Upcast::<dyn Any>::upcast(modify!(self)))
+                .downcast_ref::<U>()
+                .is_some()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> NontrivialDefault for Ptr<T> {
+    fn nontrivial_default() -> Self {
+        // Create a null pointer
+        Self::null()
+    }
+}
+
+impl <T> Ptr<T> {
+    pub fn new(val: T) -> Ptr<T> {
+        Self::from_box(Box::new(val))
+    }
+}
+
+
+impl<T: ?Sized> Eq for Ptr<T> {}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized> Clone for Ptr<T> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        *self
+    }
+}
+
+impl <T: ?Sized> Copy for Ptr<T> { }
+
+impl <T: ?Sized>Default for Ptr<T> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Ptr::null()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T: ?Sized> Debug for Ptr<T> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.fmt_print(f, false)
+    }
+}
+impl <T: ?Sized> DafnyPrint for Ptr<T> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "<object>")
+    }
+}
+
+
+impl <T: ?Sized, U: ?Sized> PartialEq<Ptr<U>> for Ptr<T> {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Ptr<U>) -> bool {
+        if !self.is_null() {
+            if !other.is_null() {
+                // To compare addresses, we need to ensure we only compare thin pointers
+                // https://users.rust-lang.org/t/comparing-addresses-between-fat-and-thin-pointers/89008
+                ::std::ptr::eq(
+                    self.clone().into_raw() as *const (), 
+                 other.clone().into_raw() as *const ())
+            } else {
+                false
             }
+        } else if !other.is_null() {
+            false
+        } else {
+            true
         }
-    };
+    }
 }
 
-macro_rules! impl_tuple_erased_loop {
-    () => {};
-    ($first:ident $($rest:ident)*) => {
-        impl_tuple_erased_loop! { $($rest)* }
-        impl_tuple_erased! { $first $($rest)* }
+impl <T: ?Sized> std::hash::Hash for Ptr<T> {
+    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        if !self.is_null() {
+            (read!(self.clone()) as *const T as *const ()).hash(state);
+        } else {
+            0.hash(state);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl <T: ?Sized> AsMut<T> for Ptr<T> {
+    fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T {
+        modify!(self.clone())
+    }
+}
+impl <T: ?Sized> AsRef<T> for Ptr<T> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &T {
+        read!(self.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl <T: ?Sized> Ptr<T> {
+    // Never use on local values, only on &self types previously called on Ptr types.
+    pub fn from_ref(r: &T) -> Ptr<T> {
+        Ptr(unsafe {::std::mem::transmute::<_, Option<NonNull<UnsafeCell<T>>>>(r as *const T)})
+    }
+}
+// cast is meant to be used on references only, to downcast a trait reference to a class reference
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! cast {
+    ($raw:expr, $id:ty) => {
+        {
+            #[allow(unused_unsafe)]
+            let tmp =
+                unsafe {
+                    let expr = $raw;
+                    let res: $crate::Ptr<$id> =
+                        if expr.is_null() {
+                            $crate::Ptr::null()
+                        } else {
+                            $crate::Ptr::from_raw_nonnull(expr.into_raw() as *mut $id)
+                        };
+                    res
+                };
+            tmp
+        }
     };
+    
 }
 
-// 32 elements ought to be enough for everyone
-impl_tuple_erased_loop! {
-    A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10
-    A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20
-    A21 A22 A23 A24 A25 A26 A27 A28 A29 A30
-    A31
+/////////////////
+// Reference-counted classes mode
+/////////////////
+
+pub struct Object<T: ?Sized>(pub Option<rcmut::RcMut<T>>);
+
+impl <T: ?Sized> Object<T> {
+    pub unsafe fn from_rc(rc: Rc<T>) -> Object<T> {
+        Object(Some(rcmut::from_rc(rc)))
+    }
+    pub fn null() -> Object<T> {
+        Object(None)
+    }
+    pub fn is_null(&self) -> bool {
+        self.0.is_none()
+    }
+}
+impl <T: ?Sized + 'static + UpcastObject<dyn Any>> Object<T> {
+    pub fn is_instance_of<U: 'static>(self) -> bool {
+    // safety: Dafny won't call this function unless it can guarantee the object is still allocated
+        rd!(UpcastObject::<dyn Any>::upcast(md!(self)))
+            .downcast_ref::<U>()
+            .is_some()
+    }
 }
+impl <T> Object<T> {
+    pub fn new(val: T) -> Object<T> {
+        Object(Some(rcmut::new(val)))
+    }
+}
+impl<T: ?Sized> Eq for Object<T> {}
 
-pub trait DafnyPrint {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result;
+impl<T: ?Sized> Clone for Object<T> {
+    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
+        Object(self.0.clone())
+    }
+}
 
-    // Vec<char> gets special treatment so we carry that information here
-    #[inline]
-    fn is_char() -> bool {
-        false
+impl <T: ?Sized>Default for Object<T> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Object(None)
     }
 }
 
-impl <T> DafnyPrint for *const T {
+impl<T: ?Sized> Debug for Object<T> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        self.fmt_print(f, false)
+    }
+}
+impl <T: ?Sized> DafnyPrint for Object<T> {
     fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "<{} object>", std::any::type_name::<T>())
+        write!(f, "<object>")
+    }
+}
+
+
+impl <T: ?Sized, U: ?Sized> PartialEq<Object<U>> for Object<T> {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Object<U>) -> bool {
+        if let Some(p) = &self.0 {
+            if let Some(q) = &other.0 {
+                // To compare addresses, we need to ensure we only compare thin pointers
+                // https://users.rust-lang.org/t/comparing-addresses-between-fat-and-thin-pointers/89008
+                ::std::ptr::eq(p.as_ref().get() as *const (), q.as_ref().get() as *const ())
+            } else {
+                false
+            }
+        } else if let Some(_q) = &other.0 {
+            false
+        } else {
+            true
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl <T: ?Sized> std::hash::Hash for Object<T> {
+    fn hash<H: Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
+        if let Some(p) = &self.0 {
+            (p.as_ref().get() as *const ()).hash(state);
+        } else {
+            0.hash(state);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl <T: ?Sized> AsMut<T> for Object<T> {
+    fn as_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T {
+        unsafe { &mut *(&self.0).as_ref().unwrap_unchecked().as_ref().get() }
+    }
+}
+impl <T: ?Sized> AsRef<T> for Object<T> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &T {
+        unsafe { &*(&self.0).as_ref().unwrap_unchecked().as_ref().get() }
+    }
+}
+
+
+impl <T: ?Sized> Object<T> {
+    pub fn from_ref(r: &mut T) -> Object<T> {
+        let pt = r as *mut T as *mut UnsafeCell<T>;
+        unsafe { ::std::rc::Rc::increment_strong_count(pt) }
+        let rebuilt = unsafe { Rc::from_raw(pt) };
+        Object(Some(rebuilt))
     }
 }
 
-macro_rules! impl_print_display {
-    ($name:ty) => {
-        impl DafnyPrint for $name {
-            fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-                self.fmt(f)
-            }
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! cast_object {
+    ($raw:expr, $id:ty) => {
+        unsafe {
+            let res: $crate::Object<$id> = 
+            $crate::Object(Some(::std::rc::Rc::from_raw(
+                ::std::rc::Rc::into_raw($raw.0.unwrap()) as _)));
+            res
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+// Returns an object whose fields are yet initialized. Only use update_field_uninit_object  and update_field_if_uninit_object to initialize fields.
+pub fn allocate_object<T>() -> Object<T> {
+    unsafe { mem::transmute(object::new::<MaybeUninit<T>>(MaybeUninit::uninit())) }
+}
+
+pub struct AllocationTracker {
+    allocations: Vec<Weak<dyn Any>>
+}
+
+pub fn allocate_object_track<T: 'static>(allocation_tracker: &mut AllocationTracker) -> Object<T> {
+    let res = allocate_object::<T>();
+    allocation_tracker.allocations.push(Rc::<UnsafeCell<T>>::downgrade(&res.0.clone().unwrap()));
+    res
+}
+
+// Equivalent of update_field_nodrop but for rcmut
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! update_field_nodrop_object {
+    ($ptr:expr, $field: ident, $value:expr) => {
+        $crate::update_nodrop_object!(($crate::rcmut::borrow_mut(&mut $ptr.0.clone().unwrap())).$field, $value)
+    };
+}
+
+// Equivalent of update_nodrop but for rcmut
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! update_nodrop_object {
+    ($ptr:expr, $value:expr) => {
+        unsafe { ::std::ptr::addr_of_mut!($ptr).write($value) }
+    };
+}
+
+// Equivalent of update_field_if_uninit but for rcmut
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! update_field_if_uninit_object {
+    ($t:expr, $field:ident, $field_assigned:expr, $value:expr) => {{
+        let computed_value = $value;
+        #[allow(unused_assignments)]
+        if !$field_assigned {
+            $crate::update_field_nodrop_object!($t, $field, computed_value);
+            $field_assigned = true;
         }
-    };
+    }};
 }
 
-impl_print_display! { String }
-impl_print_display! { &str }
-impl_print_display! { bool }
-impl_print_display! { u8 }
-impl_print_display! { u16 }
-impl_print_display! { u32 }
-impl_print_display! { u64 }
-impl_print_display! { u128 }
-impl_print_display! { i8 }
-impl_print_display! { i16 }
-impl_print_display! { i32 }
-impl_print_display! { i64 }
-impl_print_display! { i128 }
+// Equivalent of update_field_uninit but for rcmut
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! update_field_uninit_object {
+    ($t:expr, $field:ident, $field_assigned:expr, $value:expr) => {{
+        let computed_value = $value;
+        #[allow(unused_assignments)]
+        if $field_assigned {
+            $crate::md!($t).$field = computed_value;
+        } else {
+            $crate::update_field_nodrop_object!($t, $field, computed_value);
+            $field_assigned = true;
+        }
+    }};
+}
 
-impl DafnyPrint for f32 {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{:.1}", self)
-    }
+// Equivalent of modify but for rcmut
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! md {
+    ($x:expr) => {
+        $x.clone().as_mut()
+    };
 }
 
-impl DafnyPrint for f64 {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{:.1}", self)
-    }
+// Equivalent of read but for rcmut
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! rd {
+    ($x:expr) => {
+        $x.as_ref()
+    };
 }
 
-impl DafnyPrint for () {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "()")
-    }
+// Count the number of references to the given object
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! refcount {
+    ($x:expr) => {
+        Rc::strong_count(unsafe { rcmut::as_rc($x.0.as_ref().unwrap()) })
+    };
 }
 
-impl DafnyPrint for char {
-    #[inline]
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        if in_seq {
-            write!(f, "{}", self)
-        } else {
-            write!(f, "'{}'", self)
+pub mod object {
+    use std::any::Any;
+
+    pub fn new<T>(val: T) -> crate::Object<T> {
+        crate::Object(Some(crate::rcmut::new(val)))
+    }
+    pub fn downcast<T: 'static>(_self: crate::Object<dyn Any>) -> crate::Object<T> {
+        unsafe {
+          crate::Object(Some(crate::rcmut::downcast::<T>(_self.0.unwrap()).unwrap())) // Use unwrap_unchecked?
         }
     }
-
     #[inline]
-    fn is_char() -> bool {
-        true
+    pub fn is<T: 'static + ::std::any::Any>(_self: crate::Object<dyn Any>) -> bool {
+        is_object!(_self, T)
     }
 }
 
-impl <T: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for Option<T> {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        match self {
-            Some(x) => x.fmt_print(f, false),
-            None => write!(f, "null")
+// Inspired from https://crates.io/crates/rcmut
+pub mod rcmut {
+    use std::cell::UnsafeCell;
+    use std::mem::{self, MaybeUninit};
+    use std::rc::Rc;
+    use std::sync::Arc;
+
+    pub fn array_object_from_rc<T>(data: Rc<[T]>) -> crate::Object<[T]> {
+        crate::Object(Some(unsafe { crate::rcmut::from_rc(data) }))
+    }
+    pub fn array_object_from_box<T>(data: Box<[T]>) -> crate::Object<[T]> {
+        let data: Rc<[T]> = data.into();
+        crate::Object(Some(unsafe { crate::rcmut::from_rc(data) }))
+    }
+    pub struct Array<T> {
+        pub data: Box<[T]>,
+    }
+    impl<T> Array<T> {
+        pub fn new(data: Box<[T]>) -> crate::Object<Array<T>> {
+            crate::Object(Some(crate::rcmut::new(Array { data })))
+        }
+
+        pub fn placebos_usize_object(length: usize) -> crate::Object<Array<MaybeUninit<T>>> {
+            let x = crate::array::placebos_box_usize::<T>(length);
+            crate::rcmut::Array::<MaybeUninit<T>>::new(x)
         }
     }
-}
+    /// A reference counted smart pointer with unrestricted mutability.
+    pub type RcMut<T> = Rc<UnsafeCell<T>>;
 
-impl DafnyPrint for BigInt {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{}", self)
+    /// Create a new RcMut for a value.
+    pub fn new<T>(val: T) -> RcMut<T> {
+        Rc::new(UnsafeCell::new(val))
+    }
+    /// Retrieve the inner Rc as a reference.
+    pub unsafe fn from<T>(value: Box<T>) -> RcMut<T> {
+        mem::transmute(Rc::new(*value))
     }
-}
 
-fn divides_a_power_of_10(mut i: BigInt) -> (bool, BigInt, usize) {
-    let one: BigInt = One::one();
+    pub unsafe fn from_rc<T: ?Sized>(value: Rc<T>) -> RcMut<T> {
+        mem::transmute(value)
+    }
 
-    let mut factor = one.clone();
-    let mut log10 = 0;
+    pub unsafe fn as_rc<T: ?Sized>(this: &RcMut<T>) -> &Rc<T> {
+        mem::transmute(this)
+    }
+    pub unsafe fn to_rc<T: ?Sized>(this: RcMut<T>) -> Rc<T> {
+        mem::transmute(this)
+    }
 
-    let zero = Zero::zero();
-    let ten = BigInt::from_i32(10).unwrap();
+    /// Retrieve the inner Rc as a mutable reference.
+    pub unsafe fn as_rc_mut<T: ?Sized>(this: &mut RcMut<T>) -> &mut Rc<T> {
+        mem::transmute(this)
+    }
 
-    if i <= zero {
-        return (false, factor, log10);
+    /// Get a reference to the value.
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn borrow<T: ?Sized>(this: &RcMut<T>) -> &T {
+        mem::transmute(this.get())
     }
 
-    while i.is_multiple_of(&ten) {
-        i /= BigInt::from_i32(10).unwrap();
-        log10 += 1;
+    /// Get a mutable reference to the value.
+    #[inline]
+    pub unsafe fn borrow_mut<T: ?Sized>(this: &mut RcMut<T>) -> &mut T {
+        mem::transmute(this.get())
     }
 
-    let two = BigInt::from_i32(2).unwrap();
-    let five = BigInt::from_i32(5).unwrap();
+    pub unsafe fn downcast<T: 'static>(this: RcMut<dyn ::std::any::Any>) -> Option<RcMut<T>> {
+        let t: Rc<dyn ::std::any::Any> = to_rc(this);
+        let t: Rc<T> = Rc::downcast::<T>(t).ok()?;
+        mem::transmute(t)
+    }
 
-    while i.is_multiple_of(&five) {
-        i /= &five;
-        factor *= &two;
-        log10 += 1;
+    /// A reference counted smart pointer with unrestricted mutability.
+    pub struct ArcMut<T: ?Sized> {
+        inner: Arc<UnsafeCell<T>>,
     }
 
-    while i.is_multiple_of(&two) {
-        i /= &two;
-        factor *= &two;
-        log10 += 1;
+    impl<T: ?Sized> Clone for ArcMut<T> {
+        fn clone(&self) -> ArcMut<T> {
+            ArcMut {
+                inner: self.inner.clone(),
+            }
+        }
     }
 
-    (i == one, factor, log10)
-}
+    impl<T> ArcMut<T> {
+        /// Create a new ArcMut for a value.
+        pub fn new(val: T) -> ArcMut<T> {
+            ArcMut {
+                inner: Arc::new(UnsafeCell::new(val)),
+            }
+        }
+    }
 
-impl DafnyPrint for BigRational {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        if self.denom() == &One::one() || self.numer() == &Zero::zero() {
-            write!(f, "{}.0", self.numer())
-        } else {
-            let (divides, factor, log10) = divides_a_power_of_10(self.denom().clone());
-            if divides {
-                let mut num = self.numer().clone();
-                num *= factor;
+    impl<T: ?Sized> ArcMut<T> {
+        /// Retrieve the inner Rc as a reference.
+        pub unsafe fn as_arc(&self) -> &Arc<T> {
+            mem::transmute(&self.inner)
+        }
 
-                if num.is_negative() {
-                    write!(f, "-")?;
-                    num = -num;
-                }
+        /// Retrieve the inner Rc as a mutable reference.
+        pub unsafe fn as_arc_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Arc<T> {
+            mem::transmute(&mut self.inner)
+        }
 
-                let digits = num.to_string();
+        /// Get a reference to the value.
+        pub unsafe fn borrow(&self) -> &T {
+            mem::transmute(self.inner.get())
+        }
 
-                if log10 < digits.len() {
-                    let digit_count = digits.len() - log10;
-                    write!(f, "{}", &digits[..digit_count])?;
-                    write!(f, ".")?;
-                    write!(f, "{}", &digits[digit_count..])
-                } else {
-                    let z = log10 - digits.len();
-                    write!(f, "0.")?;
-                    for _ in 0..z {
-                        write!(f, "0")?;
-                    }
-                    write!(f, "{}", digits)
-                }
-            } else {
-                write!(f, "({}.0 / {}.0)", self.numer(), self.denom())
-            }
+        /// Get a mutable reference to the value.
+        pub unsafe fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T {
+            mem::transmute(self.inner.get())
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl <T: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for Rc<T> {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        self.as_ref().fmt_print(f, in_seq)
+/////////////////
+// Method helpers
+/////////////////
+
+// A MaybePlacebo is a value that is either a placebo or a real value.
+// It is a wrapper around a MaybeUninit<T> value, but knowing whether the value is a placebo or not.
+// That way, when it is dropped, the underlying value is only dropped if it is not a placebo.
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct MaybePlacebo<T>(Option<T>);
+impl<T: Clone> MaybePlacebo<T> {
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn read(&self) -> T {
+        // safety: Dafny will guarantee we will never read a placebo value
+        unsafe { self.0.clone().unwrap_unchecked() }
     }
 }
 
-impl <T: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for Vec<T> {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        if !T::is_char() {
-            write!(f, "[")?;
-        }
-
-        for (i, item) in self.iter().enumerate() {
-            if !T::is_char() {
-                if i > 0 {
-                    write!(f, ", ")?;
-                }
+impl<T> MaybePlacebo<T> {
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        MaybePlacebo(None)
+    }
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn from(v: T) -> Self {
+        MaybePlacebo(Some(v))
+    }
+}
 
-                item.fmt_print(f, false)?;
-            } else {
-                item.fmt_print(f, true)?;
-            }
-        }
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! tuple_extract_index {
+    ($x:expr, $i:expr) => {
+        $x.$i
+    };
+}
 
-        if !T::is_char() {
-            write!(f, "]")
-        } else {
-            Ok(())
+// A macro that maps tuple (a, b, c...) to produce (MaybePlacebo::from(a), MaybePlacebo::from(b), MaybePlacebo::from(c))
+// maybe_placebos_from!(expr, 0, 1, 2, 3)
+// = let x = expr;
+//   (MaybePlacebo::from(x.0), MaybePlacebo::from(x.1), MaybePlacebo::from(x.2), MaybePlacebo::from(x.3))
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! maybe_placebos_from {
+    ($x:expr, $($i:tt), *) => {
+        {
+            let x = $x;
+            (
+                $( $crate::MaybePlacebo::from(x.$i), )*
+            )
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl <T: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for RefCell<T> {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        self.borrow().fmt_print(f, _in_seq)
-    }
+////////////////
+// Coercion
+////////////////
+
+pub fn upcast_object<A: ?Sized, B: ?Sized>() -> Rc<impl Fn(Object<A>) -> Object<B>>
+  where A : UpcastObject<B>
+{
+    Rc::new(|mut x: Object<A>| x.as_mut().upcast())
 }
 
-impl <T: DafnyPrint> DafnyPrint for HashSet<T> {
-    fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{{")?;
+pub fn upcast<A: ?Sized, B: ?Sized>() -> Rc<impl Fn(Ptr<A>) -> Ptr<B>>
+  where A: Upcast<B>
+{
+    Rc::new(|x: Ptr<A>| modify!(x).upcast())
+}
 
-        let mut i = 0;
+pub fn upcast_id<A>() -> Rc<impl Fn(A) -> A>
+{
+    Rc::new(|x: A| x)
+}
 
-        for item in self.iter() {
-            if i > 0 {
-                write!(f, ", ")?;
-            }
+pub fn rc_coerce<T: Clone, U: Clone>(f: Rc<impl Fn(T) -> U>) -> Rc<impl Fn(Rc<T>) -> Rc<U>> {
+    Rc::new(move |x: Rc<T>| Rc::new(f.as_ref()(x.as_ref().clone())))
+}
+pub fn box_coerce<T: Clone, U: Clone>(f: Box<impl Fn(T) -> U>) -> Box<impl Fn(Box<T>) -> Box<U>> {
+    Box::new(move |x: Box<T>| Box::new(f.as_ref()(x.as_ref().clone())))
+}
 
-            item.fmt_print(f, false)?;
+pub fn fn1_coerce<T: Clone + 'static, A: Clone + 'static, R: Clone + 'static>(
+    a_to_r: Rc<impl Fn(A) -> R + 'static>) ->
+  Rc<impl Fn(Rc<dyn Fn(&T) -> A>) -> Rc<dyn Fn(&T) -> R> + 'static> {
+    Rc::new(move |t_to_a: Rc<dyn Fn(&T) -> A>| {
+        let a_to_r = a_to_r.clone();
+        let t_to_a = t_to_a.clone();
+        let r: Rc<dyn Fn(&T) -> R + 'static> = Rc::new(move |t: &T| a_to_r(t_to_a(t)));
+        r
+    })
+}
 
-            i += 1;
-        }
+// For pointers
+pub trait Upcast<T: ?Sized> {
+    fn upcast(&mut self) -> Ptr<T>;
+}
+pub trait UpcastObject<T: ?Sized> {
+    fn upcast(&mut self) -> Object<T>;
+}
 
-        write!(f, "}}")
+impl <T: ?Sized> Upcast<T> for T {
+    fn upcast(&mut self) -> Ptr<T> {
+        Ptr::from_raw_nonnull(self as *mut T)
+    }
+}
+impl <T: ?Sized> UpcastObject<T> for T {
+    fn upcast(&mut self) -> Object<T> {
+        Object::from_ref(self)
     }
 }
 
-macro_rules! impl_tuple_print {
-    ($($items:ident)*) => {
-        impl <$($items,)*> DafnyPrint for ($($items,)*)
-        where
-            $($items: DafnyPrint,)*
-        {
-            #[allow(unused_assignments)]
-            fn fmt_print(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
-                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
-                let ($($items,)*) = self;
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! Extends {
+    ($traitType: tt) => {
+        $traitType + ::dafny_runtime::Upcast<dyn $traitType>
+    }
+}
 
-                write!(f, "(")?;
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! UpcastFn {
+    ($B:ty) => {
+        fn upcast(&mut self) -> $crate::Ptr<$B> {
+            $crate::Ptr::from_raw_nonnull(self as *mut Self as *mut $B)
+        }
+    };
+}
 
-                let mut i = 0;
-                
-                $(
-                    if (i > 0) {
-                        write!(f, ", ")?;
-                    }
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! UpcastObjectFn {
+    ($B:ty) => {
+        fn upcast(&mut self) -> $crate::Object<$B> {
+            $crate::Object::from_ref(self as &mut $B)
+        }
+    };
+}
 
-                    $items.fmt_print(f, false)?;
 
-                    i += 1;
-                )*
 
-                write!(f, ")")
-            }
+// It works only when there is no type parameters for $A...
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! UpcastDef {
+    ($A:ty, $B:ty) => {
+        impl $crate::Upcast<$B> for $A {
+            $crate::UpcastFn!($B);
         }
     };
+    
+    ($A:ty, $B:ty, $($C: ty),*) => {
+        UpcastDef!($A, $B);
+        UpcastDef!($A, $($C),*);
+    }
 }
 
-macro_rules! impl_tuple_print_loop {
-    () => {};
-    ($first:ident $($rest:ident)*) => {
-        impl_tuple_print_loop! { $($rest)* }
-        impl_tuple_print! { $first $($rest)* }
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! UpcastDefObject {
+    ($A:ty, $B:ty) => {
+        impl $crate::UpcastObject<$B> for $A {
+            $crate::UpcastObjectFn!($B);
+        }
     };
+    
+    ($A:ty, $B:ty, $($C: ty),*) => {
+        UpcastDefObject!($A, $B);
+        UpcastDefObject!($A, $($C),*);
+    }
 }
 
-// 32 elements ought to be enough for everyone
-impl_tuple_print_loop! {
-    A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10
-    A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20
-    A21 A22 A23 A24 A25 A26 A27 A28 A29 A30
-    A31
+// Coercions for sets
+impl<U: DafnyTypeEq> Set<U>
+{
+    pub fn coerce<V: DafnyTypeEq>(f: Rc<impl Fn(U) -> V>) -> Rc<impl Fn(Set<U>) -> Set<V>> {
+        Rc::new(move |x: Set<U>| {
+            // We need to upcast individual elements
+            let f2 = f.clone();
+            let mut new_set: HashSet<V> = HashSet::<V>::default();
+            for value in x.data.iter() {
+                new_set.insert(f2(value.clone()));
+            }
+            Set::from_hashset_owned(new_set)
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+// Coercions for sequences
+impl<U: DafnyType> Sequence<U>
+{
+    pub fn coerce<V: DafnyType>(f: Rc<impl Fn(U) -> V>) -> Rc<impl Fn(Sequence<U>) -> Sequence<V>> {
+        // We need to upcast individual elements
+        Rc::new(move |x: Sequence<U>| {
+            let mut new_seq: Vec<V> = Vec::<V>::default();
+            let f2 = f.clone();
+            for value in x.to_array().iter() {
+                new_seq.push(f2(value.clone()));
+            }
+            Sequence::from_array_owned(new_seq)
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+// Coercions for multisets
+impl<U: DafnyTypeEq> Multiset<U>
+{
+    pub fn coerce<V: DafnyTypeEq>(f: Rc<impl Fn(U) -> V>) -> Rc<impl Fn(Multiset<U>) -> Multiset<V>> {
+        // We need to upcast individual elements
+        Rc::new(move |x: Multiset<U>| {
+                let f2 = f.clone();
+            // We need to upcast individual elements
+            let mut new_multiset: HashMap<V, DafnyInt> = HashMap::<V, DafnyInt>::default();
+            for (value, count) in x.data.into_iter() {
+                new_multiset.insert(f2(value), count.clone());
+            }
+            Multiset::from_hashmap_owned(new_multiset)
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+// Coercions for Maps
+impl<K: DafnyTypeEq, U: DafnyTypeEq> Map<K, U>
+{
+    pub fn coerce<V: DafnyTypeEq>(f: Rc<impl Fn(U) -> V>) -> Rc<impl Fn(Map<K, U>) -> Map<K, V>> {
+        // We need to upcast individual elements
+        Rc::new(move |x: Map<K, U>| {
+            let f2 = f.clone();
+            let mut new_map: HashMap<K, V> = HashMap::<K, V>::default();
+            for (key, value) in x.data.iter() {
+                new_map.insert(key.clone(), f2(value.clone()));
+            }
+            Map::from_hashmap_owned(new_map)
+        })
+    }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/src/system/mod.rs b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/src/system/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..953d3640d48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/src/system/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,3764 @@
+#![allow(warnings, unconditional_panic)]
+#![allow(nonstandard_style)]
+
+pub mod _System {
+  pub use crate::DafnyType;
+  pub use ::std::fmt::Debug;
+  pub use crate::DafnyPrint;
+  pub use ::std::cmp::Eq;
+  pub use ::std::hash::Hash;
+  pub use ::std::default::Default;
+  pub use ::std::convert::AsRef;
+
+  pub type nat = crate::DafnyInt;
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple2<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T2 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType> Tuple2<T0, T1> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple2::_T2{_0, _1, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple2::_T2{_0, _1, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple2<T0, T1> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple2<T0, T1> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple2::_T2{_0, _1, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType> Tuple2<T0, T1> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple2<T0, T1>) -> Tuple2<r#__T0, r#__T1>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple2<r#__T0, r#__T1>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple2::_T2{_0, _1, } => {
+              Tuple2::_T2 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple2<T0, T1> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple2<T0, T1> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple2::_T2{_0, _1, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple2<T0, T1> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple2<T0, T1> {
+      Tuple2::_T2 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple2<T0, T1>>
+    for &Tuple2<T0, T1> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple0 {
+    _T0 {}
+  }
+
+  impl Tuple0 {}
+
+  impl Debug
+    for Tuple0 {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple0 {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple0::_T0{} => {
+          write!(_formatter, "")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl Tuple0 {
+    pub fn _AllSingletonConstructors() -> crate::SequenceIter<::std::rc::Rc<Tuple0>> {
+      crate::seq![::std::rc::Rc::new(Tuple0::_T0 {})].iter()
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl Eq
+    for Tuple0 {}
+
+  impl Hash
+    for Tuple0 {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple0::_T0{} => {
+          
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl Default
+    for Tuple0 {
+    fn default() -> Tuple0 {
+      Tuple0::_T0 {}
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl AsRef<Tuple0>
+    for &Tuple0 {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple1<T0: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T1 {
+      _0: T0
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType> Tuple1<T0> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple1::_T1{_0, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple1<T0> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple1<T0> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple1::_T1{_0, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType> Tuple1<T0> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple1<T0>) -> Tuple1<r#__T0>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple1<r#__T0>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple1::_T1{_0, } => {
+              Tuple1::_T1 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple1<T0> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple1<T0> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple1::_T1{_0, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple1<T0> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple1<T0> {
+      Tuple1::_T1 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple1<T0>>
+    for &Tuple1<T0> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple3<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T3 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType> Tuple3<T0, T1, T2> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple3::_T3{_0, _1, _2, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple3::_T3{_0, _1, _2, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple3::_T3{_0, _1, _2, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple3<T0, T1, T2> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple3<T0, T1, T2> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple3::_T3{_0, _1, _2, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType> Tuple3<T0, T1, T2> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple3<T0, T1, T2>) -> Tuple3<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple3<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple3::_T3{_0, _1, _2, } => {
+              Tuple3::_T3 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple3<T0, T1, T2> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple3<T0, T1, T2> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple3::_T3{_0, _1, _2, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple3<T0, T1, T2> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple3<T0, T1, T2> {
+      Tuple3::_T3 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple3<T0, T1, T2>>
+    for &Tuple3<T0, T1, T2> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple4<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T4 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType> Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple4::_T4{_0, _1, _2, _3, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple4::_T4{_0, _1, _2, _3, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple4::_T4{_0, _1, _2, _3, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple4::_T4{_0, _1, _2, _3, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple4::_T4{_0, _1, _2, _3, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType> Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3>) -> Tuple4<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple4<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple4::_T4{_0, _1, _2, _3, } => {
+              Tuple4::_T4 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple4::_T4{_0, _1, _2, _3, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3> {
+      Tuple4::_T4 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3>>
+    for &Tuple4<T0, T1, T2, T3> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple5<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T5 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType> Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple5::_T5{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple5::_T5{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple5::_T5{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple5::_T5{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple5::_T5{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple5::_T5{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType> Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4>) -> Tuple5<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple5<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple5::_T5{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, } => {
+              Tuple5::_T5 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple5::_T5{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4> {
+      Tuple5::_T5 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4>>
+    for &Tuple5<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple6<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T6 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType> Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple6::_T6{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple6::_T6{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple6::_T6{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple6::_T6{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple6::_T6{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple6::_T6{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple6::_T6{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType> Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>) -> Tuple6<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple6<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple6::_T6{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, } => {
+              Tuple6::_T6 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple6::_T6{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> {
+      Tuple6::_T6 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>>
+    for &Tuple6<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple7<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T7 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType> Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple7::_T7{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple7::_T7{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple7::_T7{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple7::_T7{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple7::_T7{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple7::_T7{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple7::_T7{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple7::_T7{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType> Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6>) -> Tuple7<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple7<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple7::_T7{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, } => {
+              Tuple7::_T7 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple7::_T7{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> {
+      Tuple7::_T7 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6>>
+    for &Tuple7<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple8<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T8 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType> Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType> Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7>) -> Tuple8<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple8<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => {
+              Tuple8::_T8 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple8::_T8{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> {
+      Tuple8::_T8 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7>>
+    for &Tuple8<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple9<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T9 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType> Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType> Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8>) -> Tuple9<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple9<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => {
+              Tuple9::_T9 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple9::_T9{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> {
+      Tuple9::_T9 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8>>
+    for &Tuple9<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple10<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T10 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType> Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType> Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9>) -> Tuple10<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple10<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => {
+              Tuple10::_T10 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple10::_T10{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> {
+      Tuple10::_T10 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9>>
+    for &Tuple10<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple11<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType, T10: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T11 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9,
+      _10: T10
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType> Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _10(&self) -> &T10 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => _10,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_10, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType> Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType, r#__T10: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>, f_10: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T10) -> r#__T10 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10>) -> Tuple11<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple11<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => {
+              Tuple11::_T11 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9),
+                _10: f_10.clone()(_10)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq, T10: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash, T10: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple11::_T11{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_10, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default, T10: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> {
+      Tuple11::_T11 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _10: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10>>
+    for &Tuple11<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple12<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType, T10: crate::DafnyType, T11: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T12 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9,
+      _10: T10,
+      _11: T11
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType> Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _10(&self) -> &T10 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _10,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _11(&self) -> &T11 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => _11,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_10, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_11, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType> Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType, r#__T10: crate::DafnyType, r#__T11: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>, f_10: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T10) -> r#__T10 + 'static>, f_11: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T11) -> r#__T11 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11>) -> Tuple12<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple12<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => {
+              Tuple12::_T12 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9),
+                _10: f_10.clone()(_10),
+                _11: f_11.clone()(_11)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq, T10: DafnyType + Eq, T11: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash, T10: DafnyType + Hash, T11: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple12::_T12{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_10, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_11, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default, T10: DafnyType + Default, T11: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11> {
+      Tuple12::_T12 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _10: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _11: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11>>
+    for &Tuple12<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple13<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType, T10: crate::DafnyType, T11: crate::DafnyType, T12: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T13 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9,
+      _10: T10,
+      _11: T11,
+      _12: T12
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType> Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _10(&self) -> &T10 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _10,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _11(&self) -> &T11 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _11,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _12(&self) -> &T12 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => _12,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_10, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_11, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_12, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType> Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType, r#__T10: crate::DafnyType, r#__T11: crate::DafnyType, r#__T12: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>, f_10: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T10) -> r#__T10 + 'static>, f_11: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T11) -> r#__T11 + 'static>, f_12: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T12) -> r#__T12 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12>) -> Tuple13<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple13<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => {
+              Tuple13::_T13 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9),
+                _10: f_10.clone()(_10),
+                _11: f_11.clone()(_11),
+                _12: f_12.clone()(_12)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq, T10: DafnyType + Eq, T11: DafnyType + Eq, T12: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash, T10: DafnyType + Hash, T11: DafnyType + Hash, T12: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple13::_T13{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_10, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_11, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_12, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default, T10: DafnyType + Default, T11: DafnyType + Default, T12: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12> {
+      Tuple13::_T13 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _10: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _11: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _12: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12>>
+    for &Tuple13<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple14<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType, T10: crate::DafnyType, T11: crate::DafnyType, T12: crate::DafnyType, T13: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T14 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9,
+      _10: T10,
+      _11: T11,
+      _12: T12,
+      _13: T13
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType> Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _10(&self) -> &T10 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _10,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _11(&self) -> &T11 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _11,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _12(&self) -> &T12 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _12,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _13(&self) -> &T13 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => _13,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_10, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_11, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_12, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_13, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType> Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType, r#__T10: crate::DafnyType, r#__T11: crate::DafnyType, r#__T12: crate::DafnyType, r#__T13: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>, f_10: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T10) -> r#__T10 + 'static>, f_11: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T11) -> r#__T11 + 'static>, f_12: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T12) -> r#__T12 + 'static>, f_13: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T13) -> r#__T13 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13>) -> Tuple14<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple14<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => {
+              Tuple14::_T14 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9),
+                _10: f_10.clone()(_10),
+                _11: f_11.clone()(_11),
+                _12: f_12.clone()(_12),
+                _13: f_13.clone()(_13)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq, T10: DafnyType + Eq, T11: DafnyType + Eq, T12: DafnyType + Eq, T13: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash, T10: DafnyType + Hash, T11: DafnyType + Hash, T12: DafnyType + Hash, T13: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple14::_T14{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_10, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_11, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_12, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_13, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default, T10: DafnyType + Default, T11: DafnyType + Default, T12: DafnyType + Default, T13: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13> {
+      Tuple14::_T14 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _10: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _11: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _12: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _13: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13>>
+    for &Tuple14<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple15<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType, T10: crate::DafnyType, T11: crate::DafnyType, T12: crate::DafnyType, T13: crate::DafnyType, T14: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T15 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9,
+      _10: T10,
+      _11: T11,
+      _12: T12,
+      _13: T13,
+      _14: T14
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType> Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _10(&self) -> &T10 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _10,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _11(&self) -> &T11 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _11,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _12(&self) -> &T12 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _12,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _13(&self) -> &T13 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _13,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _14(&self) -> &T14 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => _14,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_10, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_11, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_12, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_13, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_14, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType> Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType, r#__T10: crate::DafnyType, r#__T11: crate::DafnyType, r#__T12: crate::DafnyType, r#__T13: crate::DafnyType, r#__T14: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>, f_10: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T10) -> r#__T10 + 'static>, f_11: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T11) -> r#__T11 + 'static>, f_12: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T12) -> r#__T12 + 'static>, f_13: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T13) -> r#__T13 + 'static>, f_14: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T14) -> r#__T14 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14>) -> Tuple15<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple15<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => {
+              Tuple15::_T15 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9),
+                _10: f_10.clone()(_10),
+                _11: f_11.clone()(_11),
+                _12: f_12.clone()(_12),
+                _13: f_13.clone()(_13),
+                _14: f_14.clone()(_14)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq, T10: DafnyType + Eq, T11: DafnyType + Eq, T12: DafnyType + Eq, T13: DafnyType + Eq, T14: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash, T10: DafnyType + Hash, T11: DafnyType + Hash, T12: DafnyType + Hash, T13: DafnyType + Hash, T14: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple15::_T15{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_10, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_11, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_12, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_13, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_14, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default, T10: DafnyType + Default, T11: DafnyType + Default, T12: DafnyType + Default, T13: DafnyType + Default, T14: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14> {
+      Tuple15::_T15 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _10: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _11: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _12: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _13: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _14: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14>>
+    for &Tuple15<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple16<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType, T10: crate::DafnyType, T11: crate::DafnyType, T12: crate::DafnyType, T13: crate::DafnyType, T14: crate::DafnyType, T15: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T16 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9,
+      _10: T10,
+      _11: T11,
+      _12: T12,
+      _13: T13,
+      _14: T14,
+      _15: T15
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType> Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _10(&self) -> &T10 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _10,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _11(&self) -> &T11 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _11,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _12(&self) -> &T12 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _12,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _13(&self) -> &T13 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _13,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _14(&self) -> &T14 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _14,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _15(&self) -> &T15 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => _15,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_10, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_11, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_12, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_13, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_14, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_15, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType> Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType, r#__T10: crate::DafnyType, r#__T11: crate::DafnyType, r#__T12: crate::DafnyType, r#__T13: crate::DafnyType, r#__T14: crate::DafnyType, r#__T15: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>, f_10: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T10) -> r#__T10 + 'static>, f_11: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T11) -> r#__T11 + 'static>, f_12: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T12) -> r#__T12 + 'static>, f_13: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T13) -> r#__T13 + 'static>, f_14: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T14) -> r#__T14 + 'static>, f_15: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T15) -> r#__T15 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15>) -> Tuple16<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14, r#__T15>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple16<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14, r#__T15>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => {
+              Tuple16::_T16 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9),
+                _10: f_10.clone()(_10),
+                _11: f_11.clone()(_11),
+                _12: f_12.clone()(_12),
+                _13: f_13.clone()(_13),
+                _14: f_14.clone()(_14),
+                _15: f_15.clone()(_15)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq, T10: DafnyType + Eq, T11: DafnyType + Eq, T12: DafnyType + Eq, T13: DafnyType + Eq, T14: DafnyType + Eq, T15: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash, T10: DafnyType + Hash, T11: DafnyType + Hash, T12: DafnyType + Hash, T13: DafnyType + Hash, T14: DafnyType + Hash, T15: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple16::_T16{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_10, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_11, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_12, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_13, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_14, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_15, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default, T10: DafnyType + Default, T11: DafnyType + Default, T12: DafnyType + Default, T13: DafnyType + Default, T14: DafnyType + Default, T15: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15> {
+      Tuple16::_T16 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _10: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _11: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _12: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _13: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _14: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _15: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15>>
+    for &Tuple16<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple17<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType, T10: crate::DafnyType, T11: crate::DafnyType, T12: crate::DafnyType, T13: crate::DafnyType, T14: crate::DafnyType, T15: crate::DafnyType, T16: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T17 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9,
+      _10: T10,
+      _11: T11,
+      _12: T12,
+      _13: T13,
+      _14: T14,
+      _15: T15,
+      _16: T16
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType> Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _10(&self) -> &T10 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _10,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _11(&self) -> &T11 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _11,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _12(&self) -> &T12 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _12,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _13(&self) -> &T13 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _13,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _14(&self) -> &T14 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _14,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _15(&self) -> &T15 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _15,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _16(&self) -> &T16 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => _16,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_10, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_11, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_12, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_13, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_14, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_15, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_16, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType> Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType, r#__T10: crate::DafnyType, r#__T11: crate::DafnyType, r#__T12: crate::DafnyType, r#__T13: crate::DafnyType, r#__T14: crate::DafnyType, r#__T15: crate::DafnyType, r#__T16: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>, f_10: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T10) -> r#__T10 + 'static>, f_11: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T11) -> r#__T11 + 'static>, f_12: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T12) -> r#__T12 + 'static>, f_13: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T13) -> r#__T13 + 'static>, f_14: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T14) -> r#__T14 + 'static>, f_15: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T15) -> r#__T15 + 'static>, f_16: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T16) -> r#__T16 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16>) -> Tuple17<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14, r#__T15, r#__T16>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple17<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14, r#__T15, r#__T16>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => {
+              Tuple17::_T17 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9),
+                _10: f_10.clone()(_10),
+                _11: f_11.clone()(_11),
+                _12: f_12.clone()(_12),
+                _13: f_13.clone()(_13),
+                _14: f_14.clone()(_14),
+                _15: f_15.clone()(_15),
+                _16: f_16.clone()(_16)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq, T10: DafnyType + Eq, T11: DafnyType + Eq, T12: DafnyType + Eq, T13: DafnyType + Eq, T14: DafnyType + Eq, T15: DafnyType + Eq, T16: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash, T10: DafnyType + Hash, T11: DafnyType + Hash, T12: DafnyType + Hash, T13: DafnyType + Hash, T14: DafnyType + Hash, T15: DafnyType + Hash, T16: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple17::_T17{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_10, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_11, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_12, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_13, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_14, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_15, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_16, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default, T10: DafnyType + Default, T11: DafnyType + Default, T12: DafnyType + Default, T13: DafnyType + Default, T14: DafnyType + Default, T15: DafnyType + Default, T16: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16> {
+      Tuple17::_T17 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _10: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _11: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _12: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _13: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _14: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _15: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _16: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16>>
+    for &Tuple17<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple18<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType, T10: crate::DafnyType, T11: crate::DafnyType, T12: crate::DafnyType, T13: crate::DafnyType, T14: crate::DafnyType, T15: crate::DafnyType, T16: crate::DafnyType, T17: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T18 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9,
+      _10: T10,
+      _11: T11,
+      _12: T12,
+      _13: T13,
+      _14: T14,
+      _15: T15,
+      _16: T16,
+      _17: T17
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType> Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _10(&self) -> &T10 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _10,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _11(&self) -> &T11 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _11,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _12(&self) -> &T12 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _12,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _13(&self) -> &T13 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _13,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _14(&self) -> &T14 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _14,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _15(&self) -> &T15 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _15,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _16(&self) -> &T16 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _16,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _17(&self) -> &T17 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => _17,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_10, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_11, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_12, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_13, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_14, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_15, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_16, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_17, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType> Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType, r#__T10: crate::DafnyType, r#__T11: crate::DafnyType, r#__T12: crate::DafnyType, r#__T13: crate::DafnyType, r#__T14: crate::DafnyType, r#__T15: crate::DafnyType, r#__T16: crate::DafnyType, r#__T17: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>, f_10: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T10) -> r#__T10 + 'static>, f_11: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T11) -> r#__T11 + 'static>, f_12: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T12) -> r#__T12 + 'static>, f_13: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T13) -> r#__T13 + 'static>, f_14: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T14) -> r#__T14 + 'static>, f_15: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T15) -> r#__T15 + 'static>, f_16: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T16) -> r#__T16 + 'static>, f_17: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T17) -> r#__T17 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17>) -> Tuple18<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14, r#__T15, r#__T16, r#__T17>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple18<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14, r#__T15, r#__T16, r#__T17>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => {
+              Tuple18::_T18 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9),
+                _10: f_10.clone()(_10),
+                _11: f_11.clone()(_11),
+                _12: f_12.clone()(_12),
+                _13: f_13.clone()(_13),
+                _14: f_14.clone()(_14),
+                _15: f_15.clone()(_15),
+                _16: f_16.clone()(_16),
+                _17: f_17.clone()(_17)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq, T10: DafnyType + Eq, T11: DafnyType + Eq, T12: DafnyType + Eq, T13: DafnyType + Eq, T14: DafnyType + Eq, T15: DafnyType + Eq, T16: DafnyType + Eq, T17: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash, T10: DafnyType + Hash, T11: DafnyType + Hash, T12: DafnyType + Hash, T13: DafnyType + Hash, T14: DafnyType + Hash, T15: DafnyType + Hash, T16: DafnyType + Hash, T17: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple18::_T18{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_10, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_11, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_12, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_13, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_14, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_15, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_16, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_17, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default, T10: DafnyType + Default, T11: DafnyType + Default, T12: DafnyType + Default, T13: DafnyType + Default, T14: DafnyType + Default, T15: DafnyType + Default, T16: DafnyType + Default, T17: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17> {
+      Tuple18::_T18 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _10: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _11: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _12: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _13: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _14: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _15: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _16: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _17: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17>>
+    for &Tuple18<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple19<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType, T10: crate::DafnyType, T11: crate::DafnyType, T12: crate::DafnyType, T13: crate::DafnyType, T14: crate::DafnyType, T15: crate::DafnyType, T16: crate::DafnyType, T17: crate::DafnyType, T18: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T19 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9,
+      _10: T10,
+      _11: T11,
+      _12: T12,
+      _13: T13,
+      _14: T14,
+      _15: T15,
+      _16: T16,
+      _17: T17,
+      _18: T18
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType, T18: DafnyType> Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _10(&self) -> &T10 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _10,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _11(&self) -> &T11 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _11,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _12(&self) -> &T12 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _12,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _13(&self) -> &T13 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _13,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _14(&self) -> &T14 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _14,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _15(&self) -> &T15 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _15,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _16(&self) -> &T16 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _16,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _17(&self) -> &T17 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _17,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _18(&self) -> &T18 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => _18,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType, T18: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType, T18: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_10, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_11, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_12, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_13, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_14, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_15, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_16, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_17, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_18, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType, T18: DafnyType> Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType, r#__T10: crate::DafnyType, r#__T11: crate::DafnyType, r#__T12: crate::DafnyType, r#__T13: crate::DafnyType, r#__T14: crate::DafnyType, r#__T15: crate::DafnyType, r#__T16: crate::DafnyType, r#__T17: crate::DafnyType, r#__T18: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>, f_10: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T10) -> r#__T10 + 'static>, f_11: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T11) -> r#__T11 + 'static>, f_12: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T12) -> r#__T12 + 'static>, f_13: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T13) -> r#__T13 + 'static>, f_14: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T14) -> r#__T14 + 'static>, f_15: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T15) -> r#__T15 + 'static>, f_16: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T16) -> r#__T16 + 'static>, f_17: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T17) -> r#__T17 + 'static>, f_18: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T18) -> r#__T18 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18>) -> Tuple19<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14, r#__T15, r#__T16, r#__T17, r#__T18>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple19<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14, r#__T15, r#__T16, r#__T17, r#__T18>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => {
+              Tuple19::_T19 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9),
+                _10: f_10.clone()(_10),
+                _11: f_11.clone()(_11),
+                _12: f_12.clone()(_12),
+                _13: f_13.clone()(_13),
+                _14: f_14.clone()(_14),
+                _15: f_15.clone()(_15),
+                _16: f_16.clone()(_16),
+                _17: f_17.clone()(_17),
+                _18: f_18.clone()(_18)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq, T10: DafnyType + Eq, T11: DafnyType + Eq, T12: DafnyType + Eq, T13: DafnyType + Eq, T14: DafnyType + Eq, T15: DafnyType + Eq, T16: DafnyType + Eq, T17: DafnyType + Eq, T18: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash, T10: DafnyType + Hash, T11: DafnyType + Hash, T12: DafnyType + Hash, T13: DafnyType + Hash, T14: DafnyType + Hash, T15: DafnyType + Hash, T16: DafnyType + Hash, T17: DafnyType + Hash, T18: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple19::_T19{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_10, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_11, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_12, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_13, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_14, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_15, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_16, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_17, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_18, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default, T10: DafnyType + Default, T11: DafnyType + Default, T12: DafnyType + Default, T13: DafnyType + Default, T14: DafnyType + Default, T15: DafnyType + Default, T16: DafnyType + Default, T17: DafnyType + Default, T18: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18> {
+      Tuple19::_T19 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _10: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _11: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _12: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _13: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _14: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _15: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _16: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _17: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _18: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType, T18: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18>>
+    for &Tuple19<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+
+  #[derive(PartialEq, Clone)]
+  pub enum Tuple20<T0: crate::DafnyType, T1: crate::DafnyType, T2: crate::DafnyType, T3: crate::DafnyType, T4: crate::DafnyType, T5: crate::DafnyType, T6: crate::DafnyType, T7: crate::DafnyType, T8: crate::DafnyType, T9: crate::DafnyType, T10: crate::DafnyType, T11: crate::DafnyType, T12: crate::DafnyType, T13: crate::DafnyType, T14: crate::DafnyType, T15: crate::DafnyType, T16: crate::DafnyType, T17: crate::DafnyType, T18: crate::DafnyType, T19: crate::DafnyType> {
+    _T20 {
+      _0: T0,
+      _1: T1,
+      _2: T2,
+      _3: T3,
+      _4: T4,
+      _5: T5,
+      _6: T6,
+      _7: T7,
+      _8: T8,
+      _9: T9,
+      _10: T10,
+      _11: T11,
+      _12: T12,
+      _13: T13,
+      _14: T14,
+      _15: T15,
+      _16: T16,
+      _17: T17,
+      _18: T18,
+      _19: T19
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType, T18: DafnyType, T19: DafnyType> Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19> {
+    pub fn _0(&self) -> &T0 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _0,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _1(&self) -> &T1 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _1,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _2(&self) -> &T2 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _2,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _3(&self) -> &T3 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _3,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _4(&self) -> &T4 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _4,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _5(&self) -> &T5 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _5,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _6(&self) -> &T6 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _6,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _7(&self) -> &T7 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _7,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _8(&self) -> &T8 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _8,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _9(&self) -> &T9 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _9,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _10(&self) -> &T10 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _10,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _11(&self) -> &T11 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _11,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _12(&self) -> &T12 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _12,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _13(&self) -> &T13 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _13,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _14(&self) -> &T14 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _14,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _15(&self) -> &T15 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _15,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _16(&self) -> &T16 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _16,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _17(&self) -> &T17 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _17,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _18(&self) -> &T18 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _18,
+      }
+    }
+    pub fn _19(&self) -> &T19 {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => _19,
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType, T18: DafnyType, T19: DafnyType> Debug
+    for Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter) -> ::std::fmt::Result {
+      crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(self, f, true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType, T18: DafnyType, T19: DafnyType> DafnyPrint
+    for Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19> {
+    fn fmt_print(&self, _formatter: &mut ::std::fmt::Formatter, _in_seq: bool) -> std::fmt::Result {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => {
+          write!(_formatter, "(")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_0, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_1, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_2, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_3, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_4, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_5, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_6, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_7, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_8, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_9, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_10, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_11, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_12, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_13, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_14, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_15, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_16, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_17, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_18, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ", ")?;
+          crate::DafnyPrint::fmt_print(_19, _formatter, false)?;
+          write!(_formatter, ")")?;
+          Ok(())
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType, T18: DafnyType, T19: DafnyType> Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19> {
+    pub fn coerce<r#__T0: crate::DafnyType, r#__T1: crate::DafnyType, r#__T2: crate::DafnyType, r#__T3: crate::DafnyType, r#__T4: crate::DafnyType, r#__T5: crate::DafnyType, r#__T6: crate::DafnyType, r#__T7: crate::DafnyType, r#__T8: crate::DafnyType, r#__T9: crate::DafnyType, r#__T10: crate::DafnyType, r#__T11: crate::DafnyType, r#__T12: crate::DafnyType, r#__T13: crate::DafnyType, r#__T14: crate::DafnyType, r#__T15: crate::DafnyType, r#__T16: crate::DafnyType, r#__T17: crate::DafnyType, r#__T18: crate::DafnyType, r#__T19: crate::DafnyType>(f_0: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T0) -> r#__T0 + 'static>, f_1: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T1) -> r#__T1 + 'static>, f_2: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T2) -> r#__T2 + 'static>, f_3: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T3) -> r#__T3 + 'static>, f_4: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T4) -> r#__T4 + 'static>, f_5: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T5) -> r#__T5 + 'static>, f_6: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T6) -> r#__T6 + 'static>, f_7: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T7) -> r#__T7 + 'static>, f_8: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T8) -> r#__T8 + 'static>, f_9: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T9) -> r#__T9 + 'static>, f_10: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T10) -> r#__T10 + 'static>, f_11: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T11) -> r#__T11 + 'static>, f_12: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T12) -> r#__T12 + 'static>, f_13: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T13) -> r#__T13 + 'static>, f_14: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T14) -> r#__T14 + 'static>, f_15: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T15) -> r#__T15 + 'static>, f_16: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T16) -> r#__T16 + 'static>, f_17: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T17) -> r#__T17 + 'static>, f_18: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T18) -> r#__T18 + 'static>, f_19: ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(T19) -> r#__T19 + 'static>) -> ::std::rc::Rc<impl ::std::ops::Fn(Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19>) -> Tuple20<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14, r#__T15, r#__T16, r#__T17, r#__T18, r#__T19>> {
+      ::std::rc::Rc::new(move |this: Self| -> Tuple20<r#__T0, r#__T1, r#__T2, r#__T3, r#__T4, r#__T5, r#__T6, r#__T7, r#__T8, r#__T9, r#__T10, r#__T11, r#__T12, r#__T13, r#__T14, r#__T15, r#__T16, r#__T17, r#__T18, r#__T19>{
+          match this {
+            Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => {
+              Tuple20::_T20 {
+                _0: f_0.clone()(_0),
+                _1: f_1.clone()(_1),
+                _2: f_2.clone()(_2),
+                _3: f_3.clone()(_3),
+                _4: f_4.clone()(_4),
+                _5: f_5.clone()(_5),
+                _6: f_6.clone()(_6),
+                _7: f_7.clone()(_7),
+                _8: f_8.clone()(_8),
+                _9: f_9.clone()(_9),
+                _10: f_10.clone()(_10),
+                _11: f_11.clone()(_11),
+                _12: f_12.clone()(_12),
+                _13: f_13.clone()(_13),
+                _14: f_14.clone()(_14),
+                _15: f_15.clone()(_15),
+                _16: f_16.clone()(_16),
+                _17: f_17.clone()(_17),
+                _18: f_18.clone()(_18),
+                _19: f_19.clone()(_19)
+              }
+            },
+          }
+        })
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Eq, T1: DafnyType + Eq, T2: DafnyType + Eq, T3: DafnyType + Eq, T4: DafnyType + Eq, T5: DafnyType + Eq, T6: DafnyType + Eq, T7: DafnyType + Eq, T8: DafnyType + Eq, T9: DafnyType + Eq, T10: DafnyType + Eq, T11: DafnyType + Eq, T12: DafnyType + Eq, T13: DafnyType + Eq, T14: DafnyType + Eq, T15: DafnyType + Eq, T16: DafnyType + Eq, T17: DafnyType + Eq, T18: DafnyType + Eq, T19: DafnyType + Eq> Eq
+    for Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19> {}
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Hash, T1: DafnyType + Hash, T2: DafnyType + Hash, T3: DafnyType + Hash, T4: DafnyType + Hash, T5: DafnyType + Hash, T6: DafnyType + Hash, T7: DafnyType + Hash, T8: DafnyType + Hash, T9: DafnyType + Hash, T10: DafnyType + Hash, T11: DafnyType + Hash, T12: DafnyType + Hash, T13: DafnyType + Hash, T14: DafnyType + Hash, T15: DafnyType + Hash, T16: DafnyType + Hash, T17: DafnyType + Hash, T18: DafnyType + Hash, T19: DafnyType + Hash> Hash
+    for Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19> {
+    fn hash<_H: ::std::hash::Hasher>(&self, _state: &mut _H) {
+      match self {
+        Tuple20::_T20{_0, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, } => {
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_0, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_1, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_2, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_3, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_4, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_5, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_6, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_7, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_8, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_9, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_10, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_11, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_12, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_13, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_14, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_15, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_16, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_17, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_18, _state);
+          ::std::hash::Hash::hash(_19, _state)
+        },
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType + Default, T1: DafnyType + Default, T2: DafnyType + Default, T3: DafnyType + Default, T4: DafnyType + Default, T5: DafnyType + Default, T6: DafnyType + Default, T7: DafnyType + Default, T8: DafnyType + Default, T9: DafnyType + Default, T10: DafnyType + Default, T11: DafnyType + Default, T12: DafnyType + Default, T13: DafnyType + Default, T14: DafnyType + Default, T15: DafnyType + Default, T16: DafnyType + Default, T17: DafnyType + Default, T18: DafnyType + Default, T19: DafnyType + Default> Default
+    for Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19> {
+    fn default() -> Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19> {
+      Tuple20::_T20 {
+        _0: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _1: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _2: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _3: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _4: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _5: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _6: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _7: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _8: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _9: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _10: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _11: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _12: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _13: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _14: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _15: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _16: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _17: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _18: ::std::default::Default::default(),
+        _19: ::std::default::Default::default()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  impl<T0: DafnyType, T1: DafnyType, T2: DafnyType, T3: DafnyType, T4: DafnyType, T5: DafnyType, T6: DafnyType, T7: DafnyType, T8: DafnyType, T9: DafnyType, T10: DafnyType, T11: DafnyType, T12: DafnyType, T13: DafnyType, T14: DafnyType, T15: DafnyType, T16: DafnyType, T17: DafnyType, T18: DafnyType, T19: DafnyType> AsRef<Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19>>
+    for &Tuple20<T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, T16, T17, T18, T19> {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> Self {
+      self
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/src/tests/mod.rs b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/src/tests/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..48dc924d582
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeRust/src/tests/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,861 @@
+// Test module
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_int() {
+        let x = int!(37);
+        assert_eq!(x.to_u8().unwrap(), truncate!(x.clone(), u8));
+        assert_eq!(x.to_u16().unwrap(), truncate!(x.clone(), u16));
+        assert_eq!(x.to_u32().unwrap(), truncate!(x.clone(), u32));
+        assert_eq!(x.to_u64().unwrap(), truncate!(x.clone(), u64));
+        assert_eq!(x.to_u128().unwrap(), truncate!(x.clone(), u128));
+        assert_eq!(x.to_i8().unwrap(), truncate!(x.clone(), i8));
+        assert_eq!(x.to_i16().unwrap(), truncate!(x.clone(), i16));
+        assert_eq!(x.to_i32().unwrap(), truncate!(x.clone(), i32));
+        assert_eq!(x.to_i64().unwrap(), truncate!(x.clone(), i64));
+        assert_eq!(x.to_i128().unwrap(), truncate!(x.clone(), i128));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_sequence() {
+        let values = vec![1, 2, 3];
+        let seq = Sequence::<i32>::from_array_owned(values.clone());
+        assert_eq!(seq.cardinality_usize(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(seq.to_array(), values.into());
+
+        // Create a concat array, wrap it into a lazy one, get the i-th element,
+        // and verify that this operation flattened the array
+        let left = Sequence::<i32>::from_array_owned(vec![1, 2, 3]);
+        let right = Sequence::<i32>::from_array_owned(vec![4, 5, 6]);
+        let concat = Sequence::<i32>::new_concat_sequence(&left, &right);
+
+        assert_eq!(concat.cardinality_usize(), 6);
+        match &concat {
+            Sequence::ConcatSequence {
+                boxed,
+                length,
+                left,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                assert_eq!(*length, 6);
+                assert_eq!(unsafe { &*left.get() }.cardinality_usize(), 3);
+                // Test that boxed is None
+                assert!(boxed.as_ref().clone().borrow().as_ref().is_none());
+            }
+            _ => panic!("This should never happen"),
+        }
+        let value = concat.get_usize(0);
+        assert_eq!(value, 1);
+        match &concat {
+            crate::Sequence::ConcatSequence { boxed, .. } => {
+                assert_eq!(
+                    *boxed.as_ref().clone().borrow().as_ref().unwrap().as_ref(),
+                    vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+                );
+            }
+            _ => panic!("This should never happen"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dafny_int() {
+        assert_eq!(int!(0).to_usize(), Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(int!(42).to_usize(), Some(42));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dafny_sequence_print() {
+        let hello: DafnyString = seq![
+            DafnyChar('H'),
+            DafnyChar('e'),
+            DafnyChar('l'),
+            DafnyChar('l'),
+            DafnyChar('o')
+        ];
+        assert_eq!(DafnyPrintWrapper(&hello).to_string(), "Hello");
+        let hello: DafnyStringUTF16 = seq![
+            DafnyCharUTF16(0x0048),
+            DafnyCharUTF16(0x0065),
+            DafnyCharUTF16(0x006c),
+            DafnyCharUTF16(0x006c),
+            DafnyCharUTF16(0x006f)
+        ];
+        assert_eq!(DafnyPrintWrapper(&hello).to_string(), "Hello");
+        assert_eq!(DafnyPrintWrapper(&string_of("Hello")).to_string(), "Hello");
+        let hello = seq![1, 2, 3];
+        assert_eq!(DafnyPrintWrapper(&hello).to_string(), "[1, 2, 3]");
+    }
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dafny_sequence() {
+        let s = seq![55, 56, 57];
+        assert_eq!(seq![55, 56] != s, true);
+        assert_eq!(s.cardinality_usize(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(s.cardinality(), int!(3));
+        assert_eq!(s.get(&int!(1)), 56);
+        assert_eq!(s.slice(&int!(1), &int!(2)), seq![56]);
+        assert_eq!(s.take(&int!(2)), seq![55, 56]);
+        assert_eq!(s.drop(&int!(1)), seq![56, 57]);
+        assert_eq!(s.update_index(&int!(1), &8), seq![55, 8, 57]);
+        assert_eq!(s.concat(&seq![58, 59]), seq!(55, 56, 57, 58, 59));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dafny_set() {
+        let s = set! {55, 56, 57, 56, 58};
+        let t = set! {59, 58, 57};
+        assert_eq!(s.cardinality_usize(), 4);
+        assert_eq!(s.cardinality(), int!(4));
+        assert_eq!(s.contains(&55), true);
+        assert_eq!(s.contains(&54), false);
+        assert_eq!(s.merge(&set! {}), s);
+        assert_eq!(set! {}.merge(&s), s);
+        assert_eq!(s.merge(&t), set! {59, 58, 57, 56, 55});
+        assert_eq!(s.intersect(&t), set! {57, 58});
+        assert_eq!(s.subtract(&set! {}), s);
+        assert_eq!(set! {}.subtract(&s), set! {});
+        let smt = s.subtract(&t);
+        assert_eq!(smt, set! {55, 56});
+        assert_eq!(t.subtract(&s), set! {59});
+        assert_eq!(s.disjoint(&set! {}), true);
+        assert_eq!(set! {}.disjoint(&s), true);
+        assert_eq!(s.disjoint(&t), false);
+        assert_eq!(t.disjoint(&s), false);
+        assert_eq!(smt.disjoint(&t), true);
+        assert_eq!(t.disjoint(&smt), true);
+        assert_eq!(s.elements(), s);
+        assert_eq!(
+            s.as_dafny_multiset(),
+            Multiset::from_array(&vec!(55, 56, 57, 58))
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dafny_multisubset() {
+        let s = multiset! {55, 56, 57, 58, 59};
+        let t = multiset! {55, 56, 57, 58};
+        assert!(t < s);
+        assert!(t <= s);
+        assert!(s > t);
+        assert!(s >= t);
+        assert!(s != t);
+        assert!(t != s);
+
+        assert!(!(t > s));
+        assert!(!(t >= s));
+        assert!(!(s < t));
+        assert!(!(s <= t));
+        assert!(!(s == t));
+        assert!(!(t == s));
+
+        let s = multiset! {55, 56, 57, 58, 58};
+        let t = multiset! {55, 56, 57, 58};
+        assert!(t < s);
+        assert!(t <= s);
+        assert!(s > t);
+        assert!(s >= t);
+        assert!(s != t);
+        assert!(t != s);
+
+        assert!(!(t > s));
+        assert!(!(t >= s));
+        assert!(!(s < t));
+        assert!(!(s <= t));
+        assert!(!(s == t));
+        assert!(!(t == s));
+
+        let s = multiset! {55, 56, 57, 58, 59};
+        let t = multiset! {55, 56, 57, 58, 59};
+        assert!(t <= s);
+        assert!(s <= t);
+        assert!(s >= t);
+        assert!(t >= s);
+        assert!(s == t);
+        assert!(t == s);
+
+        assert!(!(t < s));
+        assert!(!(t > s));
+        assert!(!(s > t));
+        assert!(!(s < t));
+        assert!(!(s != t));
+        assert!(!(t != s));
+
+        let s = multiset! {55, 56, 57, 58, 59};
+        let t = multiset! {55, 56, 57, 58, 58};
+        assert!(s != t);
+        assert!(t != s);
+
+        assert!(!(t < s));
+        assert!(!(t <= s));
+        assert!(!(t > s));
+        assert!(!(t >= s));
+        assert!(!(s < t));
+        assert!(!(s <= t));
+        assert!(!(s > t));
+        assert!(!(s >= t));
+        assert!(!(s == t));
+        assert!(!(t == s));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dafny_multiset() {
+        let s = multiset! {55, 56, 57, 56, 58};
+        let t = multiset! {59, 58, 57, 56};
+        assert_eq!(s.cardinality_usize(), 5);
+        assert_eq!(s.cardinality(), int!(5));
+        assert_eq!(s.contains(&55), true);
+        assert_eq!(s.contains(&54), false);
+        assert_eq!(s.get(&54), int!(0));
+        assert_eq!(s.get(&55), int!(1));
+        assert_eq!(s.get(&56), int!(2));
+        assert_eq!(s.get(&57), int!(1));
+        assert_eq!(s.merge(&multiset! {}), s);
+        assert_eq!(multiset! {}.merge(&s), s);
+        let merged = multiset! {59, 58, 58, 57, 57, 56, 56, 56, 55};
+        assert_eq!(s.merge(&t), merged);
+        assert_eq!(merged.cardinality_usize(), 9);
+        assert_eq!(s.intersect(&t), multiset! {57, 58, 56});
+        assert_eq!(s.subtract(&multiset! {}), s);
+        assert_eq!(multiset! {}.subtract(&s), multiset! {});
+        let smt = s.subtract(&t);
+        assert_eq!(smt, multiset! {55, 56});
+        let tms = t.subtract(&s);
+        assert_eq!(tms, multiset! {59});
+        assert_eq!(s.disjoint(&multiset! {}), true);
+        assert_eq!(multiset! {}.disjoint(&s), true);
+        assert_eq!(s.disjoint(&t), false);
+        assert_eq!(t.disjoint(&s), false);
+        assert_eq!(smt.disjoint(&t), false);
+        assert_eq!(t.disjoint(&smt), false);
+        assert_eq!(tms.disjoint(&s), true);
+        assert_eq!(s.disjoint(&tms), true);
+        assert_eq!(s.as_dafny_multiset(), s);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dafny_map() {
+        let m_empty: Map<i32, i32> = map![];
+        let m_3 = map![1 => 2, 3 => 6, 5 => 10];
+        let k_3 = set! {1, 3, 5};
+        let v_3 = set! {2, 6, 10};
+        assert_eq!(m_empty.cardinality_usize(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(m_empty.cardinality(), int!(0));
+        assert_eq!(m_3.cardinality_usize(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(m_3.cardinality(), int!(3));
+        assert_eq!(m_3.contains(&1), true);
+        assert_eq!(m_3.contains(&0), false);
+        assert_eq!(m_3.keys(), k_3);
+        assert_eq!(m_3.values(), v_3);
+        assert_eq!(m_3.get(&1), 2);
+        assert_eq!(m_3.get_or_none(&1), Some(2));
+        assert_eq!(m_3.get_or_none(&0), None);
+        let mut m_4 = m_3.update_index(&0, &2);
+        assert_eq!(m_3.contains(&0), false);
+        assert_eq!(m_4.contains(&0), true);
+        m_4 = m_4.update_index_owned(0, 7);
+        assert_eq!(m_4.contains(&0), true);
+
+        assert_eq!(m_4.get(&0), 7);
+        assert_eq!(m_4.cardinality_usize(), 4);
+        assert_eq!(m_4.merge(&map![]), m_4);
+        assert_eq!(map![].merge(&m_4), m_4);
+        let m_5 = m_4.merge(&map![3 => 9, 6 => 12]);
+        assert_eq!(m_5.cardinality_usize(), 5);
+        println!("m_4 is {:?}", m_4);
+        assert_eq!(m_4.get(&3), 6);
+        assert_eq!(m_5.get(&3), 9);
+        assert_eq!(m_5.subtract(&set! {}), m_5);
+        let m_4b = m_5.subtract(&set! {3});
+        assert_eq!(m_4b.cardinality_usize(), 4);
+        assert_eq!(m_4b.contains(&3), false)
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dafny_array() {
+        let a = array![1, 2, 3];
+        assert_eq!(crate::array::length_usize(a), 3);
+        assert_eq!(crate::array::length(a), int!(3));
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(a, 0), 1);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(a, 1), 2);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(a, 2), 3);
+        array::update_usize(a, 0, 4);
+        array::update_usize(a, 1, 5);
+        array::update_usize(a, 2, 6);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(a, 0), 4);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(a, 1), 5);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(a, 2), 6);
+        deallocate(a);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_dafny_array_init() {
+        // test from_vec, and initialize
+        let mut v = Vec::new();
+        v.push(1);
+        v.push(2);
+        v.push(3);
+        let a = array::from_vec(v);
+        assert_eq!(array::length_usize(a), 3);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(a, 0), 1);
+        let v2 = array::initialize_usize(3, Rc::new(|i| i + 1));
+        assert_eq!(array::length_usize(v2), 3);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(v2, 0), 1);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(v2, 1), 2);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(v2, 2), 3);
+        array::update_usize(v2, 1, 10);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(v2, 1), 10);
+
+
+        let v3 = array::initialize(&int!(3), Rc::new(|i| i.clone() + int!(1)));
+        assert_eq!(array::length_usize(v3), 3);
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(v3, 0), int!(1));
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(v3, 1), int!(2));
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(v3, 2), int!(3));
+        array::update(v3, &int!(1), int!(10));
+        assert_eq!(array::get_usize(v3, 1), int!(10));
+
+        deallocate(a);
+        deallocate(v2);
+        deallocate(v3);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_array2() {
+        let p = Array2::<DafnyInt>::placebos(&int!(3), &int!(4));
+        for i in 0..3 {
+            for j in 0..4 {
+                modify!(p).data[i][j] = MaybeUninit::new(int!(i + j));
+            }
+        }
+        let p = Array2::construct(p);
+        assert_eq!(read!(p).length0_usize(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(read!(p).length1_usize(), 4);
+        let v = read!(p).to_vec();
+        assert_eq!(v.len(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(v, vec![
+            vec![int!(0), int!(1), int!(2), int!(3)],
+              vec![int!(1), int!(2), int!(3), int!(4)],
+              vec![int!(2), int!(3), int!(4), int!(5)]]);
+
+        deallocate(p);
+        // Allocate an array whose first dimension is zero
+        let p = Array2::<DafnyInt>::placebos(&int!(0), &int!(4));
+        let p = Array2::construct(p);
+        assert_eq!(read!(p).length0_usize(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(read!(p).length1_usize(), 4);
+        deallocate(p);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_array3() {
+        let a = Array3::<DafnyInt>::placebos(&int!(3), &int!(2), &int!(4));
+        for i in 0..3 {
+            for j in 0..2 {
+                for k in 0..4 {
+                    modify!(a).data[i][j][k] = MaybeUninit::new(DafnyInt::from(i * j + k));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        let a = Array3::construct(a);
+        assert_eq!(read!(a).length0(), int!(3));
+        assert_eq!(read!(a).length1(), int!(2));
+        assert_eq!(read!(a).length2(), int!(4));
+        let v = read!(a).to_vec();
+        assert_eq!(v.len(), 3);
+        for i in 0..3 {
+            for j in 0..2 {
+                for k in 0..4 {
+                    assert_eq!(read!(a).data[i][j][k], DafnyInt::from(i * j + k));
+                    assert_eq!(v[i][j][k], DafnyInt::from(i * j + k));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        deallocate(a);
+        // Even if the first two dimensions are zero, the third dimension should not be zero
+        let a = Array3::<DafnyInt>::placebos(&int!(0), &int!(0), &int!(4));
+        let a = Array3::construct(a);
+        assert_eq!(read!(a).length0(), int!(0));
+        assert_eq!(read!(a).length1(), int!(0));
+        assert_eq!(read!(a).length2(), int!(4));
+        deallocate(a);
+    }
+
+    struct ClassWrapper<T> {
+        /*var*/ t: T,
+        /*var*/ x: crate::DafnyInt,
+        /*const*/ next: Ptr<ClassWrapper<T>>,
+        /*const*/ constant: crate::DafnyInt,
+    }
+    impl<T: Clone> ClassWrapper<T> {
+        fn constant_plus_x(&self) -> crate::DafnyInt {
+            self.constant.clone() + self.x.clone()
+        }
+        fn increment_x(&mut self) {
+            self.x = self.x.clone() + int!(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl<T: Clone + Display> ClassWrapper<T> {
+        fn constructor(t: T) -> Ptr<ClassWrapper<T>> {
+            let this = crate::allocate::<ClassWrapper<T>>();
+            update_field_nodrop!(this, t, t);
+            update_field_nodrop!(this, next, this);
+            // If x is assigned twice, we need to keep track of whether it's assigned
+            // like in methods.
+            let mut x_assigned = false;
+            update_field_uninit!(this, x, x_assigned, int!(2));
+            update_field_uninit!(this, x, x_assigned, int!(1));
+            // If we can prove that x is assigned, we can even write this
+            modify!(this).x = int!(0);
+            update_field_nodrop!(this, constant, int!(42));
+            this
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl <T: DafnyType> Upcast<dyn Any> for ClassWrapper<T> {
+        UpcastFn!(dyn Any);
+    }
+    impl <T: DafnyType> UpcastObject<dyn Any> for ClassWrapper<T> {
+        UpcastObjectFn!(dyn Any);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[allow(unused_unsafe)]
+    fn test_class_wrapper() {
+        let c: Ptr<ClassWrapper<i32>> = ClassWrapper::constructor(53);
+        assert_eq!(read!(c).constant, int!(42));
+        assert_eq!(read!(c).t, 53);
+        assert_eq!(read!(c).x, int!(0));
+        assert_eq!(read!(read!(c).next).t, 53);
+        assert_eq!(read!(c).constant_plus_x(), int!(42));
+        modify!(c).increment_x();
+        assert_eq!(read!(c).constant_plus_x(), int!(43));
+        modify!(c).x = int!(40);
+        assert_eq!(read!(c).constant_plus_x(), int!(82));
+        modify!(c).t = 54;
+        assert_eq!(read!(c).t, 54);
+        let x_copy = read!(c).x.clone();
+        assert_eq!(Rc::strong_count(&x_copy.data), 2);
+        deallocate(c);
+        assert_eq!(Rc::strong_count(&x_copy.data), 1);
+    }
+
+    // Requires test1 || test2
+    // We will not do that as it enables the compiler to assume that t contains a valid Rc<i32> when it does not.
+    // Prefer MaybePlacebo
+    fn assign_lazy_in_method(test1: bool, test2: bool) -> Rc<i32> {
+        let mut t = MaybePlacebo::<Rc<i32>>::new();
+        if test1 {
+            t = MaybePlacebo::from(Rc::new(5 as i32));
+        }
+        if test2 {
+            t = MaybePlacebo::from(Rc::new(
+                7 as i32 + if test1 { *MaybePlacebo::read(&t) } else { 0 },
+            ));
+        }
+        println!("{}", MaybePlacebo::read(&t));
+        MaybePlacebo::read(&t)
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn assign_lazy_in_method_test() {
+        let mut t = assign_lazy_in_method(true, false);
+        assert_eq!(*t, 5);
+        t = assign_lazy_in_method(false, true);
+        assert_eq!(*t, 7);
+        t = assign_lazy_in_method(true, true);
+        assert_eq!(*t, 12);
+    }
+
+    fn override_placebo<T: Clone>(o: T, do_override: bool) {
+        let mut _x: MaybePlacebo<T> = MaybePlacebo::<T>::new();
+        if do_override {
+            _x = MaybePlacebo::from(o.clone());
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_placebo() {
+        override_placebo::<Rc<BigInt>>(Rc::new(BigInt::from(1)), false);
+        override_placebo::<Rc<BigInt>>(Rc::new(BigInt::from(1)), true);
+        override_placebo::<DafnyInt>(int!(1), false);
+        override_placebo::<DafnyInt>(int!(1), true);
+        let _x: MaybePlacebo<Ptr<ClassWrapper<DafnyInt>>> =
+            MaybePlacebo::<Ptr<ClassWrapper<DafnyInt>>>::new();
+        //let mut f: Rc<dyn Fn(Class) -> Class> = <Rc<dyn Fn(Class) -> Class> as Placebo>::new();
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_maybe_placebos_from() {
+        let x = (1, 2, 3, 4);
+        let (a, b, c, d) = maybe_placebos_from!(x, 0, 1, 2, 3);
+        assert_eq!(a.read(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(b.read(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(c.read(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(d.read(), 4);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_coercion_immutable() {
+        let o = ClassWrapper::<i32>::constructor(1);
+        let a: Ptr<dyn Any> = Upcast::<dyn Any>::upcast(modify!(o));
+        assert_eq!(cast!(a, ClassWrapper<i32>), o);
+        let seq_o = seq![o];
+        let seq_a = Sequence::<Ptr<ClassWrapper<i32>>>::coerce(upcast::<ClassWrapper<i32>, dyn Any>())(seq_o);
+        assert_eq!(cast!(seq_a.get_usize(0), ClassWrapper<i32>), o);
+        let set_o = set! {o};
+        let set_a = Set::<Ptr<ClassWrapper<i32>>>::coerce(upcast::<ClassWrapper<i32>, dyn Any>())(set_o);
+        assert_eq!(cast!(set_a.peek(), ClassWrapper<i32>), o);
+        let multiset_o = multiset! {o, o};
+        let multiset_a = Multiset::<Ptr<ClassWrapper<i32>>>::coerce(upcast::<ClassWrapper<i32>, dyn Any>())(multiset_o);
+        assert_eq!(cast!(multiset_a.peek(), ClassWrapper<i32>), o);
+        let map_o = map![1 => o, 2 => o];
+        let map_a = Map::<i32, Ptr<ClassWrapper<i32>>>::coerce(upcast::<ClassWrapper<i32>, dyn Any>())(map_o);
+        assert_eq!(cast!(map_a.get(&1), ClassWrapper<i32>), o);
+        deallocate(o);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_defaults() {
+        let set_i32 = <Set<i32> as Default>::default();
+        let seq_i32 = <Sequence<i32> as Default>::default();
+        let map_i32 = <Map<i32, i32> as Default>::default();
+        let multiset_i32 = <Multiset<i32> as Default>::default();
+        assert_eq!(set_i32.cardinality_usize(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(seq_i32.cardinality_usize(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(map_i32.cardinality_usize(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(multiset_i32.cardinality_usize(), 0);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_nontrivial_defaults() {
+        let set_i32 = <Set<i32> as NontrivialDefault>::nontrivial_default();
+        let seq_i32 = <Sequence<i32> as NontrivialDefault>::nontrivial_default();
+        let map_i32 = <Map<i32, i32> as NontrivialDefault>::nontrivial_default();
+        let multiset_i32 = <Multiset<i32> as NontrivialDefault>::nontrivial_default();
+        assert_eq!(set_i32.cardinality_usize(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(seq_i32.cardinality_usize(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(map_i32.cardinality_usize(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(multiset_i32.cardinality_usize(), 0);
+        let ptr_i32 = <Ptr<i32> as NontrivialDefault>::nontrivial_default();
+        assert_eq!(ptr_i32, Ptr::<i32>::null());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_function_wrappers() {
+        let f: Rc<dyn Fn(i32) -> i32> = Rc::new(|i: i32| i + 1);
+        let g = f.clone();
+        let _h = seq![g];
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_forall_exists() {
+        assert!(integer_range(int!(0), int!(10))
+            .all(Rc::new(|i: DafnyInt| i.clone() < int!(10)).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!integer_range(int!(0), int!(11))
+            .all(Rc::new(|i: DafnyInt| i.clone() < int!(10)).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!integer_range(int!(0), int!(10))
+            .any(Rc::new(|i: DafnyInt| i.clone() >= int!(10)).as_ref()));
+        assert!(integer_range(int!(0), int!(11))
+            .any(Rc::new(|i: DafnyInt| i.clone() >= int!(10)).as_ref()));
+
+        assert!(integer_range(int!(0), int!(10)).all(
+            Rc::new(|i: DafnyInt| !(i.clone() % int!(4) == int!(0))
+                || i.clone() < int!(10) && i.clone() % int!(2) == int!(0))
+            .as_ref()
+        ));
+        assert!(integer_range(int!(0), int!(11)).all(
+            Rc::new(|i: DafnyInt| !(i.clone() % int!(4) == int!(0))
+                || i.clone() < int!(10) && i.clone() % int!(2) == int!(0))
+            .as_ref()
+        ));
+        assert!(!integer_range(int!(0), int!(10)).any(
+            Rc::new(|i: DafnyInt| i.clone() % int!(4) == int!(0)
+                && i.clone() >= int!(10)
+                && i.clone() % int!(2) == int!(0))
+            .as_ref()
+        ));
+        assert!(!integer_range(int!(0), int!(11)).any(
+            Rc::new(|i: DafnyInt| i.clone() % int!(4) == int!(0)
+                && i.clone() >= int!(10)
+                && i.clone() % int!(2) == int!(0))
+            .as_ref()
+        ));
+
+        assert!(exact_range(10).all(Rc::new(|i: i32| i == 10).as_ref()));
+        assert!(exact_range(10).any(Rc::new(|i: i32| i == 10).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!exact_range(10).all(Rc::new(|i: i32| i != 10).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!exact_range(10).any(Rc::new(|i: i32| i != 10).as_ref()));
+
+        assert!(seq![1, 3, 5, 7]
+            .iter()
+            .all(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 1).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!seq![1, 3, 5, 7]
+            .iter()
+            .any(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 0).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!seq![1, 3, 5, 7, 8]
+            .iter()
+            .all(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 1).as_ref()));
+        assert!(seq![1, 3, 5, 7, 8]
+            .iter()
+            .any(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 0).as_ref()));
+
+        assert!(set! {1, 3, 5, 7}
+            .iter()
+            .cloned()
+            .all(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 1).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!set! {1, 3, 5, 7}
+            .iter()
+            .cloned()
+            .any(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 0).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!set! {1, 3, 5, 7, 8}
+            .iter()
+            .cloned()
+            .all(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 1).as_ref()));
+        assert!(set! {1, 3, 5, 7, 8}
+            .iter()
+            .cloned()
+            .any(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 0).as_ref()));
+
+        for i in set! {1, 3, 5, 7}.iter() {
+            println!("{}", i);
+        }
+
+        assert!(multiset! {1, 1, 5, 7}
+            .iter()
+            .all(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 1).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!multiset! {1, 1, 5, 7}
+            .iter()
+            .any(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 0).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!multiset! {1, 1, 5, 7, 8}
+            .iter()
+            .all(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 1).as_ref()));
+        assert!(multiset! {1, 1, 5, 7, 8}
+            .iter()
+            .any(Rc::new(|i: u32| i % 2 == 0).as_ref()));
+
+        let m = map![1 => 4, 3 => 6, 5 => 8];
+        let m2 = m.clone();
+        let m3 = m.clone();
+        assert!(m
+            .clone()
+            .iter()
+            .all(Rc::new(move |i: u32| i + 3 == m2.get(&i)).as_ref()));
+        assert!(!m
+            .iter()
+            .any(Rc::new(move |i: u32| i + 2 == m3.get(&i)).as_ref()));
+        let m = map![1 => 4, 3 => 7, 5 => 7];
+        let m2 = m.clone();
+        let m3 = m.clone();
+        assert!(!m
+            .clone()
+            .iter()
+            .all(Rc::new(move |i: u32| i + 3 == m2.get(&i)).as_ref()));
+        assert!(m
+            .iter()
+            .any(Rc::new(move |i: u32| i + 2 == m3.get(&i)).as_ref()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_for_loops() {
+        let mut sum: i32 = 0;
+        for i in integer_range(1, 11) {
+            sum += i;
+        }
+        assert_eq!(sum, 55);
+
+        let mut sum: i32 = 0;
+        for i in integer_range_down(11, 1) {
+            sum += i;
+        }
+        assert_eq!(sum, 55);
+
+        let mut sum: i32 = 0;
+        for i in integer_range_unbounded(1) {
+            sum += i;
+            if i == 10 {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        assert_eq!(sum, 55);
+
+        let mut sum: i32 = 0;
+        for i in integer_range_down_unbounded(11) {
+            sum += i;
+            if i == 1 {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        assert_eq!(sum, 55);
+    }
+
+    trait SuperTrait: Upcast<dyn Any> + UpcastObject<dyn Any> {
+    }
+
+    trait NodeRcMutTrait: SuperTrait + Upcast<dyn SuperTrait> + UpcastObject<dyn SuperTrait>{
+    }
+
+    pub struct NodeRcMut {
+        val: DafnyInt,
+        next: Object<NodeRcMut>,
+    }
+    impl NodeRcMut {
+        fn _ctor(this: Object<NodeRcMut>, val: DafnyInt) {
+            let mut val_assign = false;
+            let mut next_assign = false;
+            update_field_uninit_object!(this.clone(), val, val_assign, val);
+            update_field_if_uninit_object!(this.clone(), next, next_assign, Object(None));
+        }
+    }
+    impl SuperTrait for NodeRcMut {}
+    impl UpcastObject<dyn Any> for NodeRcMut {
+        UpcastObjectFn!(dyn Any);
+    }
+    impl Upcast<dyn Any> for NodeRcMut {
+        UpcastFn!(dyn Any);
+    }
+    impl UpcastObject<dyn NodeRcMutTrait> for NodeRcMut {
+        UpcastObjectFn!(dyn NodeRcMutTrait);
+    }
+    impl Upcast<dyn NodeRcMutTrait> for NodeRcMut {
+        UpcastFn!(dyn NodeRcMutTrait);
+    }
+    impl UpcastObject<dyn SuperTrait> for NodeRcMut {
+        UpcastObjectFn!(dyn SuperTrait);
+    }
+    impl Upcast<dyn SuperTrait> for NodeRcMut {
+        UpcastFn!(dyn SuperTrait);
+    }
+    impl NodeRcMutTrait for NodeRcMut {}
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_object() {
+        let mut x: Object<NodeRcMut> = allocate_object::<NodeRcMut>();
+        NodeRcMut::_ctor(x.clone(), int!(42));
+        assert_eq!(refcount!(x), 1);
+        assert_eq!(x.as_ref().val, int!(42));
+        x.as_mut().next = x.clone();
+        assert_eq!(refcount!(x), 2);
+        assert_eq!(x.as_ref().next.as_ref().val, int!(42));
+        md!(rd!(x).next).next = Object(None);
+        assert_eq!(refcount!(x), 1);
+        let y: Object<dyn Any> = upcast_object::<_, _>()(x.clone());
+        assert_eq!(refcount!(x), 2);
+        let z: Object<dyn NodeRcMutTrait> = upcast_object::<_, _>()(x.clone());
+        assert_eq!(refcount!(x), 3);
+        let a2: Object<NodeRcMut> = cast_object!(y.clone(), NodeRcMut);
+        assert_eq!(refcount!(x), 4);
+        assert_eq!(rd!(a2).val, int!(42));
+        let a3: Object<NodeRcMut> = cast_object!(z.clone(), NodeRcMut);
+        assert_eq!(refcount!(x), 5);
+        assert_eq!(rd!(a3).val, int!(42));
+
+        // Other way to create objects
+        let direct: Object<NodeRcMut> = Object::<NodeRcMut>::new(NodeRcMut {val: int!(1), next: Object::<NodeRcMut>::null()});
+        assert_eq!(rd!(direct).val, int!(1));
+        let tail: Object<NodeRcMut> = Object::<NodeRcMut>::null();
+        assert_eq!(tail, rd!(direct).next);
+        assert!(tail.is_null());
+        assert!(!direct.is_null());
+        
+        let a: Object<[i32]> = rcmut::array_object_from_rc(Rc::new([42, 43, 44]));
+        assert_eq!(rd!(a).len(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(rd!(a)[0], 42);
+        assert_eq!(rd!(a)[1], 43);
+        assert_eq!(rd!(a)[2], 44);
+        let b: Object<[i32]> = a.clone();
+        md!(b)[0] = 45;
+        assert_eq!(rd!(a)[0], 45);
+
+        let previous_count = refcount!(x);
+        {
+            let z = Object::<NodeRcMut>::from_ref(x.as_mut());
+            assert_eq!(refcount!(z), previous_count + 1);
+            assert_eq!(refcount!(x), previous_count + 1);
+        }
+        assert_eq!(refcount!(x), previous_count);
+
+        let objects: Set<Object<dyn ::std::any::Any>> = crate::set!{y.clone(), cast_any_object!(x.clone())};
+        assert_eq!(objects.cardinality_usize(), 1);
+    }
+
+    pub struct NodeRawMut {
+        val: DafnyInt,
+        next: Ptr<NodeRawMut>,
+    }
+    impl NodeRawMut {
+        fn _ctor(this: Ptr<NodeRawMut>, val: DafnyInt) {
+            let mut val_assign = false;
+            update_field_uninit!(this, val, val_assign, val);
+        }
+    }
+    impl NodeRcMutTrait for NodeRawMut {}
+    UpcastDefObject!(NodeRawMut, dyn NodeRcMutTrait, dyn SuperTrait, dyn Any);
+    UpcastDef!(NodeRawMut, dyn NodeRcMutTrait, dyn SuperTrait, dyn Any);
+
+    impl SuperTrait for NodeRawMut {}
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_rawmut() {
+        let x: Ptr<NodeRawMut> = allocate::<NodeRawMut>();
+        NodeRawMut::_ctor(x.clone(), int!(42));
+        assert_eq!(read!(x.clone()).val, int!(42));
+        modify!(x.clone()).next = x.clone();
+        assert_eq!(read!(read!(x.clone()).next.clone()).val, int!(42));
+        modify!(read!(x.clone()).next.clone()).next = Ptr::null();
+        let y: Ptr<dyn Any> = upcast::<_, _>()(x);
+        assert!(y.is_instance_of::<NodeRawMut>());
+        assert!(!y.is_instance_of::<NodeRcMut>());
+        let z: Ptr<dyn NodeRcMutTrait> = upcast::<_, _>()(x);
+        let _a2: Ptr<NodeRawMut> = cast!(y, NodeRawMut);
+        let _a3: Ptr<NodeRawMut> = cast!(z, NodeRawMut);
+        deallocate(x);
+
+        let a = array::from_native(Box::new([42, 43, 44]));
+        assert_eq!(read!(a.clone()).len(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(read!(a.clone())[0], 42);
+        assert_eq!(read!(a.clone())[1], 43);
+        assert_eq!(read!(a.clone())[2], 44);
+        let b = a.clone();
+        modify!(b.clone())[0] = 45;
+        assert_eq!(read!(a.clone())[0], 45);
+
+        deallocate(a);
+    }
+
+    // Conversion of any usize-compatible value into usize
+    #[test]
+    fn test_usize() {
+        let a: u128 = 1;
+        let b: i8 = 1;
+        let u: usize = 1;
+        assert_eq!(DafnyUsize::into_usize(int!(a)), u);
+        assert_eq!(DafnyUsize::into_usize(a), u);
+        assert_eq!(DafnyUsize::into_usize(b), u);
+        assert_eq!(DafnyUsize::into_usize(int!(b)), u);
+    }
+
+    // Tests that we can compose Dafny types, like a sequence of maps
+    fn _test<X: DafnyTypeEq, Y: DafnyType>(_input: Sequence<Map<X, Y>>) {
+    }
+
+    #[derive(Clone)]
+    pub struct InternalOpaqueError {
+        pub message: String,
+    }
+
+    crate::UpcastDefObject!(InternalOpaqueError, dyn Any);
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_native_string_upcast() {
+        let s = InternalOpaqueError { message: "Hello, World!".to_string() };
+        let o: Object<InternalOpaqueError> = Object::new(s);
+        let n: Object<dyn ::std::any::Any> = upcast_object::<InternalOpaqueError, dyn ::std::any::Any>()(o);
+        let x = cast_object!(n, InternalOpaqueError);
+        let s2 = unsafe {
+            crate::dafny_runtime_conversions::object::dafny_class_to_struct(x)
+        };
+        assert_eq!(s2.message, "Hello, World!");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Source/DafnyRuntime/Makefile b/Source/DafnyRuntime/Makefile
index 1db59c10e66..77543dbab30 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyRuntime/Makefile
+++ b/Source/DafnyRuntime/Makefile
@@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ check-system-module: build-system-module
 
 update-system-module: build-system-module
 	cp $(GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_SOURCE) $(GENERATED_SYSTEM_MODULE_TARGET)
-	
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyServer/DafnyHelper.cs b/Source/DafnyServer/DafnyHelper.cs
index 0dae8e20a00..b3aaa713200 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyServer/DafnyHelper.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyServer/DafnyHelper.cs
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ private async Task<bool> Parse() {
       var uri = new Uri("transcript:///" + fname);
       reporter = new ConsoleErrorReporter(options);
       var fs = new InMemoryFileSystem(ImmutableDictionary<Uri, string>.Empty.Add(uri, source));
-      var file = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(reporter, fs, reporter.Options, uri, Token.NoToken);
-      var program = await new ProgramParser().ParseFiles(fname, file == null ? Array.Empty<DafnyFile>() : new[] { file },
+      var file = DafnyFile.HandleDafnyFile(fs, reporter, reporter.Options, uri, Token.NoToken, false);
+      var program = await new ProgramParser().ParseFiles(fname, new[] { file },
         reporter, CancellationToken.None);
 
       var success = !reporter.HasErrors;
@@ -58,7 +58,9 @@ private async Task<bool> Parse() {
 
     private bool Resolve() {
       var resolver = new ProgramResolver(dafnyProgram);
-      resolver.Resolve(CancellationToken.None);
+#pragma warning disable VSTHRD002
+      resolver.Resolve(CancellationToken.None).Wait();
+#pragma warning restore VSTHRD002
       return reporter.Count(ErrorLevel.Error) == 0;
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyServer/DafnyServer.csproj b/Source/DafnyServer/DafnyServer.csproj
index a37c79c0618..38ee3311f28 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyServer/DafnyServer.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyServer/DafnyServer.csproj
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
       <GenerateAssemblyInfo>false</GenerateAssemblyInfo>
       <DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
       <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+<RollForward>Major</RollForward>
       <OutputPath>..\..\Binaries\</OutputPath>
       <PackageLicenseExpression>MIT</PackageLicenseExpression>
   </PropertyGroup>
diff --git a/Source/DafnyServer/Server.cs b/Source/DafnyServer/Server.cs
index 1b02d5c8e47..6f956ec1c38 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyServer/Server.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyServer/Server.cs
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ public static Task<int> Main(string[] args) {
     }
 
     public static async Task<int> MainWithWriters(TextWriter outputWriter, TextWriter errorWriter, TextReader inputReader, string[] args) {
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create(outputWriter);
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(outputWriter);
       options.Printer = new DafnyConsolePrinter(options);
       options.Set(CommonOptionBag.AllowAxioms, true);
       Console.SetError(outputWriter);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/Makefile b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/Makefile
index cb915f53774..c33e85b8949 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/Makefile
+++ b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/Makefile
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 
 # Invoking the CLI this way just to stay platform-independent
-DAFNY = dotnet run --project ../Dafny --no-build --
+DAFNY = dotnet run --project ../Dafny --no-build --roll-forward LatestMajor --
 
+NO_VERIFY := false
 DOO_FILE_SOURCE=build/DafnyStandardLibraries.doo
 DOO_FILE_TARGET=binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries.doo
 
@@ -12,7 +13,7 @@ verify:
 	make -C src/Std/TargetSpecific verify-all
 
 build-binary:
-	$(DAFNY) build -t:lib src/Std/dfyconfig.toml --output:${DOO_FILE_SOURCE}
+	$(DAFNY) build -t:lib --hidden-no-verify=$(NO_VERIFY) src/Std/dfyconfig.toml --output:${DOO_FILE_SOURCE}
 
 check-binary: build-binary
 	unzip -o ${DOO_FILE_SOURCE} -d build/current
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-cs.doo b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-cs.doo
index 787e89f1e6a..6af37b2b136 100644
Binary files a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-cs.doo and b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-cs.doo differ
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-go.doo b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-go.doo
index c5d9005a6fe..cbeb0d853eb 100644
Binary files a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-go.doo and b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-go.doo differ
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-java.doo b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-java.doo
index 3aa17087629..1365b60e2d0 100644
Binary files a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-java.doo and b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-java.doo differ
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-js.doo b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-js.doo
index 0065402198f..fc7388086e2 100644
Binary files a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-js.doo and b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-js.doo differ
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-notarget.doo b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-notarget.doo
index 5e01c906990..345ab82161d 100644
Binary files a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-notarget.doo and b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-notarget.doo differ
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-py.doo b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-py.doo
index 62006e2faf7..ef763f12bf0 100644
Binary files a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-py.doo and b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-py.doo differ
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries.doo b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries.doo
index 3769084ecb5..7e06b30aa2b 100644
Binary files a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries.doo and b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries.doo differ
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/scripts/check-examples b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/scripts/check-examples
index 72f22dc9035..55704e82a16 100755
--- a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/scripts/check-examples
+++ b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/scripts/check-examples
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ do
               fi
               msg=
               if [ "$actualec" != "$ec" ]; then
-                echo EXPECTED EXIT CODE $ec, got $actualec
+                echo EXPECTED EXIT CODE $ec, got "$actualec"
                 FAIL=1
               fi
             else 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Arithmetic/LittleEndianNat.dfy b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Arithmetic/LittleEndianNat.dfy
index df45d6cb3a4..79da13c75d1 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Arithmetic/LittleEndianNat.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Arithmetic/LittleEndianNat.dfy
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ abstract module {:disableNonlinearArithmetic} Std.Arithmetic.LittleEndianNat {
 
   /* The nat representation of a sequence and its least significant position are
   congruent. */
-  lemma LemmaSeqLswModEquivalence(xs: seq<digit>)
+  lemma {:isolate_assertions} LemmaSeqLswModEquivalence(xs: seq<digit>)
     requires |xs| >= 1
     ensures IsModEquivalent(ToNatRight(xs), First(xs), BASE())
   {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Base64.dfy b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Base64.dfy
index 1bb33df8ad1..1b02b77f7fc 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Base64.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Base64.dfy
@@ -69,11 +69,11 @@ module Std.Base64 {
     // Dafny 1.9.9 added support for char to int conversion
     // https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/releases/tag/v1.9.9
     // 0 - 9
-    else if 52 <= i <= 61 then (i - 4) as char
+    else if 52 <= i <= 61 then (i - 4) as int as char
     // a - z
-    else if 26 <= i <= 51 then i as char + 71 as char
+    else if 26 <= i <= 51 then i as int as char + 71 as char
     // A - Z
-    else i as char + 65 as char
+    else i as int as char + 65 as char
   }
 
   lemma IndexToCharIsBase64(i: index)
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ module Std.Base64 {
     // Perform the inverse operations of IndexToChar
     if c == '/' then 63
     else if c == '+' then 62
-    else if '0' <= c <= '9' then (c + 4 as char) as index
-    else if 'a' <= c <= 'z' then (c - 71 as char) as index
-    else (c - 65 as char) as index
+    else if '0' <= c <= '9' then (c + 4 as char) as int as index
+    else if 'a' <= c <= 'z' then (c - 71 as char) as int as index
+    else (c - 65 as char) as int as index
   }
 
   lemma {:resource_limit 2000000} {:isolate_assertions} CharToIndexToChar(c: char)
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIOInternalExterns-go.dfy b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO1InternalExterns-go.dfy
similarity index 100%
rename from Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIOInternalExterns-go.dfy
rename to Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO1InternalExterns-go.dfy
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIOInternalExterns-java-cs-js.dfy b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO2InternalExterns-java-cs-js.dfy
similarity index 100%
rename from Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIOInternalExterns-java-cs-js.dfy
rename to Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO2InternalExterns-java-cs-js.dfy
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIOInternalExterns-notarget-java-cs-js-go-py.dfy b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO3InternalExterns-notarget-java-cs-js-go-py.dfy
similarity index 100%
rename from Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIOInternalExterns-notarget-java-cs-js-go-py.dfy
rename to Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO3InternalExterns-notarget-java-cs-js-go-py.dfy
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIOInternalExterns-py.dfy b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO4InternalExterns-py.dfy
similarity index 100%
rename from Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIOInternalExterns-py.dfy
rename to Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO4InternalExterns-py.dfy
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO-notarget-java-cs-js-go-py.dfy b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO5-notarget-java-cs-js-go-py.dfy
similarity index 100%
rename from Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO-notarget-java-cs-js-go-py.dfy
rename to Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/FileIO5-notarget-java-cs-js-go-py.dfy
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/Makefile b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/Makefile
index a292067ca45..eea7d40b13a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/Makefile
+++ b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/Makefile
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@
 # such as `dafny verify`.
 
 # Invoking the CLI this way just to stay platform-independent
-DAFNY = dotnet run --project ../../../../Dafny --no-build --
+DAFNY = dotnet run --project ../../../../Dafny --no-build --roll-forward LatestMajor --
 
+NO_VERIFY := false
 DOO_FILE_SOURCE=../../../build/DafnyStandardLibraries-${TARGETLANG}.doo
 DOO_FILE_TARGET=../../../binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries-${TARGETLANG}.doo
 
@@ -17,8 +18,8 @@ verify: build-binary
 verify-all: update-binary-all
 
 build-binary:
-	$(DAFNY) build -t:lib dfyconfig.toml \
-		`find . -name '*-${TARGETLANG}*.dfy'` \
+	$(DAFNY) build -t:lib --hidden-no-verify=$(NO_VERIFY) dfyconfig.toml \
+		`find . -name '*-${TARGETLANG}*.dfy' | sort` \
 		--output:${DOO_FILE_SOURCE}
 
 check-binary: build-binary
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/README.md b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/README.md
index dc0ec146d7b..b4349bc604a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/README.md
+++ b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/README.md
@@ -40,3 +40,8 @@ is shared between concurrent executions
 (see [the `{:concurrent}` attribute](https://dafny.org/dafny/DafnyRef/DafnyRef#sec-concurrent-attribute)).
 It cannot currently offer any other guarantees related to concurrent execution,
 such as freedom from deadlocks.
+
+## Notes about naming
+
+Currently, replacement modules should appear in files before the files containing modules that include them, [issue tracked here](https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/5728).
+Therefore, until that issue is fixed, it might be advisable to add a number in your files to make the order deterministic, as the "find" command might have different outputs based on the OS.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/dfyconfig.toml b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/dfyconfig.toml
index a5a548b4c48..461c37199c3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/dfyconfig.toml
+++ b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/TargetSpecific/dfyconfig.toml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ includes = []
 # Options that help support more values of consuming context options
 # (mostly turning on any more restrictive verification)
 track-print-effects = true
-enforce-determinism = true
+enforce-determinism = false
 reads-clauses-on-methods = true
 
 # Options important for sustainable development
@@ -17,5 +17,5 @@ warn-redundant-assumptions = true
 warn-contradictory-assumptions = true
 
 library = [
-  "../Wrappers.dfy"
+  "../../../binaries/DafnyStandardLibraries.doo"
 ]
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Unicode/UnicodeStringsWithUnicodeChar.dfy b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Unicode/UnicodeStringsWithUnicodeChar.dfy
index e0ea3c7871c..0b5ea0ca7dc 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Unicode/UnicodeStringsWithUnicodeChar.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Unicode/UnicodeStringsWithUnicodeChar.dfy
@@ -16,15 +16,16 @@ module Std.Unicode.UnicodeStringsWithUnicodeChar refines AbstractUnicodeStrings
 
   lemma {:isolate_assertions} CharIsUnicodeScalarValue(c: char)
     ensures
-      && var asBits := c as bv24;
+      && var asBits := c as int as bv24;
       && asBits <= 0x10_FFFF
       && (0 <= asBits < Base.HIGH_SURROGATE_MIN || Base.LOW_SURROGATE_MAX < asBits)
   {
     assert c as int < 0x11_0000;
     // This seems to be just too expensive to verify for such a wide bit-vector type,
     // but is clearly true given the above.
-    assume {:axiom} c as bv24 < 0x11_0000 as bv24;
+    assume {:axiom} c as int as bv24 < 0x11_0000 as bv24;
     var asBits := c as int as bv24;
+    assert asBits < 0x11_0000 as bv24;
     assert (asBits < Base.HIGH_SURROGATE_MIN || asBits > Base.LOW_SURROGATE_MAX);
     assert asBits <= 0x10_FFFF;
   }
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ module Std.Unicode.UnicodeStringsWithUnicodeChar refines AbstractUnicodeStrings
 
   function CharAsUnicodeScalarValue(c: char): Base.ScalarValue {
     CharIsUnicodeScalarValue(c);
-    c as Base.ScalarValue
+    c as int as Base.ScalarValue
   }
 
   function CharFromUnicodeScalarValue(sv: Base.ScalarValue): char {
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Unicode/Utf8EncodingForm.dfy b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Unicode/Utf8EncodingForm.dfy
index 98f73258179..5ecf0d5b65c 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Unicode/Utf8EncodingForm.dfy
+++ b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/Unicode/Utf8EncodingForm.dfy
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ module Std.Unicode.Utf8EncodingForm refines UnicodeEncodingForm {
   }
 
   function
-    {:resource_limit 4000000}
+    {:isolate_assertions}
   DecodeMinimalWellFormedCodeUnitSubsequenceQuadrupleByte(m: MinimalWellFormedCodeUnitSeq): (v: ScalarValue)
     requires |m| == 4
     ensures 0x10000 <= v <= 0x10FFFF
@@ -247,6 +247,11 @@ module Std.Unicode.Utf8EncodingForm refines UnicodeEncodingForm {
     var y := (thirdByte & 0x3F) as bv24;
     var x := (fourthByte & 0x3F) as bv24;
     assert {:split_here} true;
-    (u1 << 18) | (u2 << 16) | (z << 12) | (y << 6) | x as ScalarValue
+    var r := (u1 << 18) | (u2 << 16) | (z << 12) | (y << 6) | x as ScalarValue;
+    assert EncodeScalarValueQuadrupleByte(r)[0] == m[0];
+    assert EncodeScalarValueQuadrupleByte(r)[1] == m[1];
+    assert EncodeScalarValueQuadrupleByte(r)[2] == m[2];
+    assert EncodeScalarValueQuadrupleByte(r)[3] == m[3];
+    r
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/dfyconfig.toml b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/dfyconfig.toml
index a7e65f28638..9270d335637 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/dfyconfig.toml
+++ b/Source/DafnyStandardLibraries/src/Std/dfyconfig.toml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ excludes = [
 # Options that help support more values of consuming context options
 # (mostly turning on any more restrictive verification)
 track-print-effects = true
-enforce-determinism = true
+enforce-determinism = false
 reads-clauses-on-methods = true
 
 # Options important for sustainable development
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/BasicTypes.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/BasicTypes.cs
index 57526d71c92..a7507a3fa83 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/BasicTypes.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/BasicTypes.cs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using DafnyCore.Test;
 using Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -37,8 +38,8 @@ module SimpleTest {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(3 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m =>
         m.MethodName == "SimpleTest.compareToZero"));
@@ -67,8 +68,8 @@ module SimpleTest {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(2 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "SimpleTest.checkIfTrue"));
       Assert.True(methods.All(m =>
@@ -103,8 +104,8 @@ module SimpleTest {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(7 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(
         methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "SimpleTest.compareToZero"));
@@ -138,8 +139,8 @@ module SimpleTest {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(3 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(
         methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "SimpleTest.compareToBase"));
@@ -171,8 +172,8 @@ module SimpleTest {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(3 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "SimpleTest.compareToB"));
       Assert.True(methods.All(m =>
@@ -204,8 +205,8 @@ module SimpleTest {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(2 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "SimpleTest.compareToB"));
       Assert.True(methods.All(m =>
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Collections.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Collections.cs
index dcbbf8288b6..abc557bbede 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Collections.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Collections.cs
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ module SimpleTest {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(3 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m =>
         m.MethodName == "SimpleTest.tuple"));
@@ -84,8 +84,8 @@ module C {
 
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(3 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m =>
         m.MethodName == "C.compareStringLengthToOne"));
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Setup.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Setup.cs
index 3bb347870f4..43c5142477a 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Setup.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Setup.cs
@@ -4,23 +4,45 @@
 #nullable disable
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Collections.Immutable;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Boogie;
 using Microsoft.Dafny;
 using Xunit;
+using Program = Microsoft.Dafny.Program;
 using Token = Microsoft.Dafny.Token;
 
+// These tests are frequently hanging and timing out for reasons unknown.
+// It seems to be much harder to reproduce locally if tests are run sequentially
+// (as they are in debugging mode by default)
+// so as a stop gap we're trying disabling parallel execution
+// in the hopes it at least reduces the frequency of hanging.
+// See https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/5488.
+[assembly: CollectionBehavior(DisableTestParallelization = true)]
+
 namespace DafnyTestGeneration.Test {
 
   public class Setup {
+    private readonly CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource = new();
+
+    public Setup() {
+      cancellationTokenSource.CancelAfter(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(50));
+    }
+
+    public CancellationToken CancellationToken => cancellationTokenSource.Token;
+
     protected static DafnyOptions GetDafnyOptions(List<Action<DafnyOptions>> optionSettings, TextWriter writer, params string[] arguments) {
-      var options = DafnyOptions.Create(writer, TextReader.Null, arguments ?? System.Array.Empty<string>());
+      var options = DafnyOptions.CreateUsingOldParser(writer, TextReader.Null, arguments ?? System.Array.Empty<string>());
       options.DefiniteAssignmentLevel = 3;
       options.WarnShadowing = true;
       options.VerifyAllModules = true;
       options.TestGenOptions.SeqLengthLimit = 3;
       options.TestGenOptions.Mode = TestGenerationOptions.Modes.Block;
       options.TestGenOptions.WarnDeadCode = false;
+      options.TestGenOptions.IgnoreWarnings = false;
       options.TimeLimit = 10;
       foreach (var optionSetting in optionSettings) {
         optionSetting(options);
@@ -33,5 +55,16 @@ public static TheoryData<List<Action<DafnyOptions>>> OptionSettings() {
       optionSettings.Add(new() { options => options.TypeEncodingMethod = CoreOptions.TypeEncoding.Predicates });
       return optionSettings;
     }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Parse a string read (from a certain file) to a Dafny Program
+    /// </summary>
+    public Task<Program> /*?*/ Parse(ErrorReporter reporter, string source, bool resolve = true, Uri uri = null) {
+      return Utils.Parse(reporter, source, resolve, uri, cancellationToken: CancellationToken);
+    }
+
+    protected Task<List<TestMethod>> GetTestMethodsForProgram(Program program) {
+      return TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync(CancellationToken).AsTask().WaitAsync(CancellationToken);
+    }
   }
 }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/ShortCircuitRemoval.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/ShortCircuitRemoval.cs
index fe691ad482b..3ad54186dbd 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/ShortCircuitRemoval.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/ShortCircuitRemoval.cs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ private async Task<Method> ShortCircuitRemovalTest(string source, string expecte
     // If the following assertion fails, rename the corresponding variables in expected output of each test
     Assert.Equal(RemoveShortCircuitingRewriter.TmpVarPrefix, "#tmp");
     var options = GetDafnyOptions(new List<Action<DafnyOptions>>(), output);
-    var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+    var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
     var success = InliningTranslator.TranslateForFutureInlining(program, options, out var boogieProgram);
     Assert.True(success);
     var method = program.DefaultModuleDef.Children
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Various.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Various.cs
index e502d0b1275..b2b5adf22e2 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Various.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration.Test/Various.cs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using DafnyCore.Test;
 using Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -40,8 +41,8 @@ module M {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(3 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(2 <= methods.Count(m => m.MethodName == "M.b"));
       Assert.Equal(1, methods.Count(m => m.MethodName == "M.a"));
@@ -73,8 +74,8 @@ module M {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(methods.Count >= 2);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "M.a"));
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.DafnyInfo.IsStatic("M.a")));
@@ -102,8 +103,8 @@ module M {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(methods.Count >= 2);
     }
 
@@ -124,8 +125,8 @@ function max (a:int, b:int):int {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.Single(methods);
     }
 
@@ -143,8 +144,8 @@ module M {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(2 <= methods.Count);
     }
 
@@ -170,8 +171,8 @@ decreases n
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(methods.Count >= 3);
     }
 
@@ -197,8 +198,8 @@ decreases n
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(methods.Count < 3);
     }
 
@@ -220,10 +221,10 @@ module Paths {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
       options.TestGenOptions.Mode =
         TestGenerationOptions.Modes.Path;
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(8 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "Paths.eightPaths"));
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.DafnyInfo.IsStatic("Paths.eightPaths")));
@@ -261,10 +262,10 @@ module Paths {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
       options.TestGenOptions.Mode =
         TestGenerationOptions.Modes.InlinedBlock;
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(methods.Count is >= 2 and <= 6);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "Paths.eightPaths"));
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.DafnyInfo.IsStatic("Paths.eightPaths")));
@@ -300,8 +301,8 @@ module Paths {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(methods.Count is >= 1 and <= 2);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "Paths.eightPaths"));
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.DafnyInfo.IsStatic("Paths.eightPaths")));
@@ -343,8 +344,8 @@ class List {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(methods.Count >= 5);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m =>
         m.MethodName == "Objects.List.IsACircleOfTwoOrLessNodes"));
@@ -408,8 +409,8 @@ class LoopingList {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.Single(methods);
     }
 
@@ -433,8 +434,8 @@ class List {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(3 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m =>
         m.MethodName == "DataTypes.List.Depth"));
@@ -470,8 +471,8 @@ class Value<T> {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.Single(methods);
       var m = methods[0];
       Assert.Equal("Module.ignoreNonNullableObject", m.MethodName);
@@ -497,7 +498,7 @@ requires a > 0
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
       options.TestGenOptions.WarnDeadCode = true;
       var stats = await TestGenerator.GetDeadCodeStatistics(program, new Modifications(options)).ToListAsync();
       Assert.Contains(stats, s => s.Contains("(6,14) is potentially unreachable."));
@@ -551,7 +552,7 @@ public async Task NoDeadCode(List<Action<DafnyOptions>> optionSettings) {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
       options.TestGenOptions.WarnDeadCode = true;
       var stats = await TestGenerator.GetDeadCodeStatistics(program, new Modifications(options)).ToListAsync();
       Assert.Single(stats); // the only line with stats
@@ -573,9 +574,9 @@ module Test {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
       options.TestGenOptions.SeqLengthLimit = 1;
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(2 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "Test.IsEvenLength"));
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.DafnyInfo.IsStatic("Test.IsEvenLength")));
@@ -601,8 +602,8 @@ module Math {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(2 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "Math.Min"));
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.DafnyInfo.IsStatic("Math.Min")));
@@ -629,8 +630,8 @@ module ShortCircuit {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.True(2 <= methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.MethodName == "ShortCircuit.Or"));
       Assert.True(methods.All(m => m.DafnyInfo.IsStatic("ShortCircuit.Or")));
@@ -659,8 +660,8 @@ module C {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.Equal(3, methods.Count);
       Assert.True(methods.Exists(m => m.MethodName == "A.m" &&
                                         m.DafnyInfo.IsStatic("A.m") &&
@@ -700,8 +701,8 @@ modifies this
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.Single(methods);
       Assert.True(methods.All(m =>
         m.MethodName == "M.Instance.setI"));
@@ -730,8 +731,8 @@ assert true by {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
     }
 
     [Theory]
@@ -743,8 +744,8 @@ module M {
 }
 ".TrimStart();
       var options = GetDafnyOptions(optionSettings, output);
-      var program = await Utils.Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
-      var methods = await TestGenerator.GetTestMethodsForProgram(program).ToListAsync();
+      var program = await Parse(new BatchErrorReporter(options), source, false);
+      var methods = await GetTestMethodsForProgram(program);
       Assert.Single(methods);
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/DafnyInfo.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/DafnyInfo.cs
index aaef143ea0a..fd7b6fd7158 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/DafnyInfo.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/DafnyInfo.cs
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public IList<Type> GetFormalsTypes(string callable) {
           Utils.UseFullName(arg.Type)).ToList(); ;
       }
       if (functions.ContainsKey(callable)) {
-        return functions[callable].Formals.Select(arg =>
+        return functions[callable].Ins.Select(arg =>
           Utils.UseFullName(arg.Type)).ToList(); ;
       }
 
@@ -197,8 +197,8 @@ public IEnumerable<Expression> GetEnsures(List<string> ins, List<string> outs, s
           .Where(e => e != null);
       }
       if (functions.ContainsKey(callableName)) {
-        for (int i = 0; i < functions[callableName].Formals.Count; i++) {
-          subst[functions[callableName].Formals[i]] = ins[i];
+        for (int i = 0; i < functions[callableName].Ins.Count; i++) {
+          subst[functions[callableName].Ins[i]] = ins[i];
         }
 
         if (functions[callableName].Result != null) {
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ public IEnumerable<Expression> GetRequires(List<string> ins, string callableName
           .Where(e => e != null);
       }
       if (functions.ContainsKey(callableName)) {
-        for (int i = 0; i < functions[callableName].Formals.Count; i++) {
-          subst[functions[callableName].Formals[i]] = ins[i];
+        for (int i = 0; i < functions[callableName].Ins.Count; i++) {
+          subst[functions[callableName].Ins[i]] = ins[i];
         }
         return functions[callableName].Req.Select(e =>
             new ClonerWithSubstitution(this, subst, receiver).CloneValidOrNull(e.E))
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/DafnyTestGeneration.csproj b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/DafnyTestGeneration.csproj
index ff8036f7a30..6631561a0ed 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/DafnyTestGeneration.csproj
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/DafnyTestGeneration.csproj
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
     <IsPackable>true</IsPackable>
     <DefineConstants>TRACE</DefineConstants>
     <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+<RollForward>Major</RollForward>
     <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
     <ValidateExecutableReferencesMatchSelfContained>false</ValidateExecutableReferencesMatchSelfContained>
     <PackageLicenseExpression>MIT</PackageLicenseExpression>
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/FirstPass.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/FirstPass.cs
index d1120d4d309..91cb0af156f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/FirstPass.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/FirstPass.cs
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ namespace DafnyTestGeneration;
 
 // This AST pass is run before test generation to detect any potential issues and report them to the user
 public class FirstPass {
-  private static readonly IPhase Phase = new MessageSourceBasedPhase(MessageSource.TestGeneration);
   private List<DafnyDiagnostic> diagnostics;
   private IEnumerable<DafnyDiagnostic> Errors => diagnostics.Where(diagnostic => diagnostic.Level == ErrorLevel.Error);
   private IEnumerable<DafnyDiagnostic> Warnings => diagnostics.Where(diagnostic => diagnostic.Level == ErrorLevel.Warning);
@@ -77,7 +76,7 @@ private void PrintWarningsAndErrors(ErrorReporter errorReporter, Program program
         errorReporter.Error(MessageSource.TestGeneration, errorId, error.Token, error.Message);
       }
     }
-    if (Warnings.Count() != 0) {
+    if (Warnings.Count() != 0 && !options.TestGenOptions.IgnoreWarnings) {
       errorReporter.Warning(MessageSource.TestGeneration, "", program.StartToken,
         $"Test generation returned {Warnings.Count()} warnings:");
       foreach (var warning in Warnings) {
@@ -102,11 +101,11 @@ private bool CheckVerificationTimeLimit(Program program) {
       }
     }
     if (callableWithMaxTimeLimit != null) {
-      diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, SmallTimeLimitWarning, callableWithMaxTimeLimit.Tok,
+      diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, SmallTimeLimitWarning, callableWithMaxTimeLimit.Tok,
         $"Method/function {callableWithMaxTimeLimit} is annotated with {{:timeLimit {maxTimeLimit}}} but test " +
         $"generation is called with --{BoogieOptionBag.VerificationTimeLimit.Name}:{options.TimeLimit}." +
         $"\nConsider increasing the time limit for test generation",
-        MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+        ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
       return false;
     }
     return true;
@@ -123,11 +122,11 @@ private void CheckInlineAttributes(Program program) {
           (attribute.Args.Count == 1 && uint.TryParse(attribute.Args.First().ToString(), out uint result) && result > 0)) {
         continue;
       }
-      diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, MalformedAttributeError, toInline.Tok,
+      diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, MalformedAttributeError, toInline.Tok,
         $"{{:{TestGenerationOptions.TestInlineAttribute}}} attribute on the {toInline.FullDafnyName} method/function " +
         $"can only take one argument, which must be a positive integer specifying the recursion unrolling limit " +
         $"(absence of such an argument or 1 means no unrolling)",
-        MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Error, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+        ErrorLevel.Error, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
       return;
     }
   }
@@ -171,8 +170,8 @@ callee is MemberDecl memberDecl &&
       } else {
         message = $"Found a {{:{TestGenerationOptions.TestInlineAttribute}}}-annotated declaration that is neither a method nor a function";
       }
-      diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, InlinedMethodNotReachableWarning, toInline.Tok, message,
-        MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+      diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, InlinedMethodNotReachableWarning, toInline.Tok, message,
+        ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
       result = false;
     }
     return result;
@@ -184,9 +183,9 @@ callee is MemberDecl memberDecl &&
   /// </summary>
   private bool CheckIsWrappedInAModule(Program program) {
     if (program.DefaultModuleDef.Children.OfType<ClassLikeDecl>().Any() || program.DefaultModuleDef.Children.OfType<DefaultClassDecl>().Any(decl => decl.Children.Any())) {
-      diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, NoExternalModuleError, program.Tok,
+      diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, NoExternalModuleError, program.Tok,
         "Program is not wrapped in a module. Put your code inside \"module M {}\" or equivalent",
-        MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Error, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+        ErrorLevel.Error, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
       return false;
     }
     return true;
@@ -200,18 +199,18 @@ private bool CheckInputTypesAreSupported(Program program) {
     var result = true;
     foreach (MemberDecl declaration in Utils.AllMemberDeclarationsWithAttribute(program.DefaultModule, TestGenerationOptions.TestEntryAttribute)) {
       if (declaration.EnclosingClass is TraitDecl or ArrayClassDecl or IteratorDecl) {
-        diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, UnsupportedInputTypeError, declaration.Tok,
+        diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, UnsupportedInputTypeError, declaration.Tok,
           $"Test Generation does not support trait, array, or iterator types as receivers of " +
           $"{{:{TestGenerationOptions.TestEntryAttribute}}}-annotated methods.\n" +
           $"Consider writing a wrapper method that creates a receiver and passes on the arguments to it",
-          MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Error, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+          ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
         result = false;
       } else if (declaration.EnclosingClass is ClassDecl) {
-        diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, NotFullySupportedInputTypeWarning, declaration.Tok,
+        diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, NotFullySupportedInputTypeWarning, declaration.Tok,
           $"Test Generation does not fully support class types as receivers of " +
           $"{{:{TestGenerationOptions.TestEntryAttribute}}}-annotated methods.\n" +
           $"Consider writing a wrapper method that creates a receiver and passes on the arguments to it",
-          MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+          ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
         result = false;
       }
       if (declaration is Method method) {
@@ -221,7 +220,7 @@ private bool CheckInputTypesAreSupported(Program program) {
           }
         }
       } else if (declaration is Function function) {
-        foreach (var formal in function.Formals) {
+        foreach (var formal in function.Ins) {
           if (!TypeIsSupported(formal.Type, function.Name)) {
             result = false; // No short-circuiting here to emit all possible errors/warnings
           }
@@ -250,43 +249,43 @@ private bool TypeIsSupported(Type type, string testEntry) {
         $"Consider modelling values of type {userDefinedType} with a datatype and passing them as input to " +
         $"{{:{TestGenerationOptions.TestEntryAttribute}}} annotated method/function {testEntry}";
       if (userDefinedType.IsAbstractType || userDefinedType.IsArrayType || userDefinedType.IsTraitType) {
-        diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, UnsupportedInputTypeError, type.Tok,
+        diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, UnsupportedInputTypeError, type.Tok,
           $"Test Generation does not support abstract types, array types, and trait types as inputs.\n{genericMessage}",
-          MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Error, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+          ErrorLevel.Error, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
       } else if (userDefinedType.IsRefType) {
         if (userDefinedType.ResolvedClass is ClassDecl classDecl) {
           foreach (var field in classDecl.Members.Union(classDecl.InheritedMembers).OfType<Field>()) {
             TypeIsSupported(field.Type, testEntry);
           }
         }
-        diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, NotFullySupportedInputTypeWarning, type.Tok,
+        diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, NotFullySupportedInputTypeWarning, type.Tok,
           $"Test Generation does not fully support class types as inputs.\n{genericMessage}",
-          MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+          ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
       } else if (userDefinedType.IsArrowType) {
-        diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, NotFullySupportedInputTypeWarning, type.Tok,
+        diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, NotFullySupportedInputTypeWarning, type.Tok,
           $"Test Generation does not fully support function types as inputs.\n{genericMessage}",
-          MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+          ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
       } else if (userDefinedType.AsNewtype != null) {
         if (userDefinedType.AsNewtype.Witness == null) {
-          diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, NoWitnessWarning, type.Tok,
+          diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, NoWitnessWarning, type.Tok,
             $"Cannot find witness for type {userDefinedType}. Please consider adding a witness to the declaration",
-            MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+            ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
         }
         isSupported = TypeIsSupported(userDefinedType.AsNewtype.BaseType, testEntry);
       } else if (userDefinedType.AsSubsetType != null) {
         if (userDefinedType.AsSubsetType.Witness == null) {
-          diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, NoWitnessWarning, type.Tok,
+          diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, NoWitnessWarning, type.Tok,
             $"Cannot find witness for type {userDefinedType}. Please consider adding a witness to the declaration",
-            MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+            ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
         }
         isSupported = TypeIsSupported(userDefinedType.AsSubsetType.Rhs, testEntry);
       } else if (userDefinedType.AsTypeSynonym != null) {
         isSupported = TypeIsSupported(userDefinedType.AsTypeSynonym.Rhs, testEntry);
       } else if (userDefinedType.IsDatatype) {
         if (userDefinedType.IsCoDatatype) {
-          diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, NotFullySupportedInputTypeWarning, type.Tok,
+          diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, NotFullySupportedInputTypeWarning, type.Tok,
             $"Test Generation has not been properly tested with co-inductive datatypes.\n{genericMessage}",
-            MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+            ErrorLevel.Warning, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
         } else {
           isSupported = true;
         }
@@ -315,9 +314,9 @@ private bool TypeIsSupported(Type type, string testEntry) {
   /// </summary>
   private bool CheckHasTestEntry(Program program) {
     if (!Utils.ProgramHasAttribute(program, TestGenerationOptions.TestEntryAttribute)) {
-      diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(Phase, NoTestEntryError, program.Tok,
+      diagnostics.Add(new DafnyDiagnostic(MessageSource.TestGeneration, NoTestEntryError, program.Tok,
         $"Cannot find a method or function annotated with {{:{TestGenerationOptions.TestEntryAttribute}}}",
-        MessageSource.TestGeneration, ErrorLevel.Error, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
+        ErrorLevel.Error, new List<DafnyRelatedInformation>()));
       return false;
     }
     return true;
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/AddImplementationForCallsRewriter.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/AddImplementationForCallsRewriter.cs
index d6844fa3c7b..9513ddb806f 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/AddImplementationForCallsRewriter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/AddImplementationForCallsRewriter.cs
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@
 namespace DafnyTestGeneration.Inlining;
 
 /// <summary>
-/// Create implementations for all "Call$$" procedures by making them
+/// Create implementations for all "CallPost$$" procedures by making them
 /// call the respective "Impl$$ implementations. This allows to implement
 /// inlining of Dafny methods further down the road.
 /// </summary>
 public class AddImplementationsForCallsRewriter : ReadOnlyVisitor {
 
-  private const string CallPrefix = "Call$$";
+  private const string CallPrefix = "CallPost$$";
   private readonly DafnyOptions options;
   private List<Implementation> implsToAdd = new();
 
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/FunctionCallToMethodCallRewriter.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/FunctionCallToMethodCallRewriter.cs
index fe5c3484bb0..2fdfe1c8c68 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/FunctionCallToMethodCallRewriter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/FunctionCallToMethodCallRewriter.cs
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public override Statement CloneStmt(Statement stmt, bool isReference) {
           CloneExpr(funcCallExpr.Receiver.Resolved),
           funcCallExpr.Function.ByMethodDecl.Name);
         memberSelectExpr.Member = funcCallExpr.Function.ByMethodDecl;
-        memberSelectExpr.TypeApplication_JustMember = funcCallExpr.TypeApplication_JustFunction;
+        memberSelectExpr.TypeApplicationJustMember = funcCallExpr.TypeApplication_JustFunction;
         newResolvedStmts.Add(new CallStmt(stmt.RangeToken,
           updateStmt.Lhss.Select(lhs => CloneExpr(lhs.Resolved)).ToList(), memberSelectExpr,
           funcCallExpr.Args.ConvertAll(e => CloneExpr(e.Resolved))));
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/InliningTranslator.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/InliningTranslator.cs
index 9be33d91d8b..c0a9c33ccd3 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/InliningTranslator.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/InliningTranslator.cs
@@ -27,7 +27,9 @@ public static bool TranslateForFutureInlining(Program dafnyProgram, DafnyOptions
     // Remove short-circuiting expressions from method and byMethod bodies
     new RemoveShortCircuitingRewriter(ShouldProcessForInlining).PreResolve(dafnyProgram);
     // Resolve the program (in particular, resolve all function calls)
-    new ProgramResolver(dafnyProgram).Resolve(CancellationToken.None); // now resolved
+#pragma warning disable VSTHRD002
+    new ProgramResolver(dafnyProgram).Resolve(CancellationToken.None).Wait(); // now resolved
+#pragma warning restore VSTHRD002
     if (dafnyProgram.Reporter.HasErrors) {
       return false;
     }
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/RemoveShortCircuitRewriter.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/RemoveShortCircuitRewriter.cs
index 394b007f236..18fac9df0a9 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/RemoveShortCircuitRewriter.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Inlining/RemoveShortCircuitRewriter.cs
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ public override Statement CloneStmt(Statement statement, bool isReference) {
         return CloneForLoopStmt(forLoopStmt);
       case CallStmt callStmt:
         return CloneCallStmt(callStmt);
-      case PredicateStmt or ForallStmt or RevealStmt: // always ghost?
+      case PredicateStmt or ForallStmt or HideRevealStmt: // always ghost?
         return statement;
       default:
         return base.CloneStmt(statement, isReference);
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/TestMethod.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/TestMethod.cs
index 65fedd9fb87..bf6d42d1791 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/TestMethod.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/TestMethod.cs
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ private List<string> ExtractInputs(PartialState state, IReadOnlyList<string> pri
           } else {
             baseValue = printOutput[i];
           }
-          result.Add(GetPrimitiveAsType(baseValue, type));
+          result.Add(GetPrimitiveAsType(baseValue, type, type));
           continue;
         }
         foreach (var variable in vars) {
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ private string ExtractVariable(PartialValue variable, Type/*?*/ asType) {
         case BoolType:
         case CharType:
         case BitvectorType:
-          return GetPrimitiveAsType(variable.PrimitiveLiteral, asType);
+          return GetPrimitiveAsType(variable.PrimitiveLiteral, variableType, asType);
         case SeqType seqType:
           var asBasicSeqType = GetBasicType(asType, type => type is SeqType) as SeqType;
           if (variable?.Cardinality() == -1) {
@@ -478,16 +478,19 @@ private string GetFieldValue((string name, Type type, bool mutable, string/*?*/
       return GetDefaultValue(field.type, field.type);
     }
 
-    private static string GetPrimitiveAsType(string value, Type/*?*/ asType) {
-      if ((asType is null or IntType or RealType or BoolType or CharType
-          or BitvectorType) || value is "[]" or "{}" or "map[]") {
+    private static string GetPrimitiveAsType(string value, Type type, Type/*?*/ asType) {
+      if ((type is null) || (asType is null) || value is "[]" or "{}" or "map[]") {
         return value;
       }
-      var typeString = asType.ToString();
-      if (typeString.StartsWith("_System.")) {
-        typeString = typeString[8..];
+      var typeString = type.ToString();
+      var asTypeString = asType.ToString();
+      if (typeString == asTypeString) {
+        return value;
+      }
+      if (asTypeString.StartsWith("_System.")) {
+        asTypeString = asTypeString[8..];
       }
-      return $"({value} as {typeString})";
+      return $"({value} as {asTypeString})";
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -508,15 +511,15 @@ private string GetDefaultValue(Type type, Type/*?*/ asType = null) {
       }
       switch (type) {
         case IntType:
-          return GetPrimitiveAsType("0", asType);
+          return GetPrimitiveAsType("0", type, asType);
         case RealType:
-          return GetPrimitiveAsType("0.0", asType);
+          return GetPrimitiveAsType("0.0", type, asType);
         case BoolType:
-          return GetPrimitiveAsType("false", asType);
+          return GetPrimitiveAsType("false", type, asType);
         case CharType:
-          return GetPrimitiveAsType("\'a\'", asType);
+          return GetPrimitiveAsType("\'a\'", type, asType);
         case BitvectorType bitvectorType:
-          return GetPrimitiveAsType($"(0 as bv{bitvectorType.Width})", asType);
+          return GetPrimitiveAsType($"(0 as bv{bitvectorType.Width})", type, asType);
         case SeqType seqType:
           return seqType.Arg is CharType ? "\"\"" : AddValue(asType ?? type, "[]");
         case SetType:
diff --git a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Utils.cs b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Utils.cs
index e86777c0200..f244c914be9 100644
--- a/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Utils.cs
+++ b/Source/DafnyTestGeneration/Utils.cs
@@ -84,18 +84,18 @@ public static Type CopyWithReplacements(Type type, List<string> from, List<Type>
     /// <summary>
     /// Parse a string read (from a certain file) to a Dafny Program
     /// </summary>
-    public static async Task<Program> /*?*/ Parse(ErrorReporter reporter, string source, bool resolve = true, Uri uri = null) {
+    public static async Task<Program> /*?*/ Parse(ErrorReporter reporter, string source, bool resolve = true, Uri uri = null, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) {
       uri ??= new Uri(Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), "parseUtils.dfy"));
 
       var fs = new InMemoryFileSystem(ImmutableDictionary<Uri, string>.Empty.Add(uri, source));
-      var dafnyFile = await DafnyFile.CreateAndValidate(reporter, fs, reporter.Options, uri, Token.NoToken);
+      var dafnyFile = DafnyFile.HandleDafnyFile(fs, reporter, reporter.Options, uri, Token.NoToken, false);
       var program = await new ProgramParser().ParseFiles(uri.LocalPath,
-        new[] { dafnyFile }, reporter, CancellationToken.None);
+        new[] { dafnyFile }, reporter, cancellationToken);
 
       if (!resolve) {
         return program;
       }
-      new ProgramResolver(program).Resolve(CancellationToken.None);
+      await new ProgramResolver(program).Resolve(cancellationToken);
       return program;
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/Directory.Build.props b/Source/Directory.Build.props
index d242d9b4fbe..df8725f3a0f 100644
--- a/Source/Directory.Build.props
+++ b/Source/Directory.Build.props
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <Project>
 
   <PropertyGroup>
-    <VersionPrefix>4.6.0</VersionPrefix>
+    <VersionPrefix>4.8.0</VersionPrefix>
     <NoWarn>1701;1702;VSTHRD200</NoWarn>
   </PropertyGroup>
  
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/LitTests.cs b/Source/IntegrationTests/LitTests.cs
index f770c2141f2..b91a4b5fa44 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/LitTests.cs
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/LitTests.cs
@@ -132,6 +132,12 @@ IEnumerable<string> AddExtraArgs(IEnumerable<string> args, IEnumerable<string> l
           "%diff", (args, config) => DiffCommand.Parse(args.ToArray())
         }, {
           "%sed", (args, config) => SedCommand.Parse(args.ToArray())
+        }, {
+          "%mv", (args, config) => MvCommand.Parse(args.ToArray())
+        }, {
+          "%rm", (args, config) => RmCommand.Parse(args.ToArray())
+        }, {
+          "%cp", (args, config) => CpCommand.Parse(args.ToArray())
         }, {
           "%OutputCheck", OutputCheckCommand.Parse
         }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/README.md b/Source/IntegrationTests/README.md
index 65ac0de6e87..b17c76a5b41 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/README.md
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/README.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # IntegrationTests
 
-This .NET test project executes all of the LIT integration tests under the [`Test`](../../Test/) directory
+This .NET test project executes all of the LIT integration tests under the [`LitTest`](TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest) directory
 using the [xUnit-based LIT interpreter](../XUnitExtensions/).
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/README.md b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/README.md
index 76cf0f69249..d630eb72a7b 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/README.md
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/README.md
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ the default command for any test that compiles and/or executes a valid Dafny pro
 
 This command will run the program with each backend
 and assert that the program output matches the content of `<test file>.expect`.
-See [the TestDafny utility](../Source/TestDafny/) for more details.
+See [the TestDafny utility](../../../../TestDafny/README.md) for more details.
 
 Any test that manually compiles and/or executes a program against one or more backends
 will be flagged by CI, and should be fixed by either converting it to use
@@ -104,4 +104,17 @@ and then right-click the test you wish to debug and select
 so you may wish to remove the calls you are not interested in first, e.g. if you are debugging an issue with a specific compiler.
 
 ## Updating test expect files
-If you set the static field `DiffCommand.UpdateExpectFile` to true instead of false, then the `diff` command in tests will not do a comparison but instead overwrite the expected file with the actual contents. This can be useful when you need to update expect files.
+If you set the environment variable `DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_UPDATE_EXPECT_FILE` to `true`, then the `diff` command in tests will not do a comparison but instead overwrite the expected file with the actual contents. This can be useful when you need to update expect files.
+
+## Updating compiler-specific test expect files
+To update compiler-specific error-aware output files for tests running with `%forEachDafnyCompiler`,
+do the following:
+
+1. Set the environment variable `DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_UPDATE_EXPECT_FILE` to `true` (See the Debugging Tests section above on how to set the environment variables)
+2. Set the environment variable `DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ROOT_DIR` to the path to the  `dafny\Source\IntegrationTests` folder
+3. To additionally run only the foreach compiler tests, and specifically on one single compiler:
+  * Set the environment variable `DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_MODE` to `only-multi-backend`
+  * Set the environment variable `DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ONLY_COMPILERS` to `rs` for rust for example. It's a comma-separated list of compiler IDs for which the tests should run
+
+With 1. and 2. every time a compiler encounters errors on a `file.dfy`, it will emit a `file.dfy.ID.error.expect` next to that file so that we know what this file is not supported by the compiler.
+Make sure you set `DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_UPDATE_EXPECT_FILE` back to false when you don't need to update these files!
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VSComp2010/Problem4-Queens.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VSComp2010/Problem4-Queens.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c17262a423d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VSComp2010/Problem4-Queens.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>ForLoops</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VSI-Benchmarks/b4.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VSI-Benchmarks/b4.dfy.expect
index ef71487de53..b94f4205220 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VSI-Benchmarks/b4.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VSI-Benchmarks/b4.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 74 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 72 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VerifyThis2015/Problem1.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VerifyThis2015/Problem1.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..00ff9dc923b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VerifyThis2015/Problem1.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type parameter Equality support Required not supported for type parameters</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VerifyThis2015/Problem2.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VerifyThis2015/Problem2.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fbb03b77111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VerifyThis2015/Problem2.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VerifyThis2015/Problem3.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VerifyThis2015/Problem3.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4f94dbab1ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/VerifyThis2015/Problem3.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0369]: binary operation `!=` cannot be applied to type `Sequence<Rc<Node>>`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/expression/functionCall.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/expression/functionCall.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9a8fd2fdd15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/expression/functionCall.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify %s &> "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function Callee(x: nat): nat {
+  x
+}
+
+method Caller(b: bool) {
+  var r := Callee(if b then
+    10 else
+    -10);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/expression/functionCall.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/expression/functionCall.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9acd41004d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/expression/functionCall.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+functionCall.dfy(11,4): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/function.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/function.dfy
index e075afe77be..be9537f29ec 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/function.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/function.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // RUN: ! %verify --allow-axioms:false --type-system-refresh "%s" &> "%t"
+// RUN: ! %verify --allow-axioms:false --type-system-refresh "%s" &>> "%t"
 // NONUNIFORM: warning will be the same for all back-end
 // RUN: ! %run --allow-axioms:false "%s" &>> "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/function.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/function.dfy.expect
index f42d7c92817..b7989de4cc5 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/function.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/function.dfy.expect
@@ -1,17 +1,30 @@
-function.dfy(7,33): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
-function.dfy(7,47): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
-function.dfy(8,36): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
-function.dfy(8,50): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(8,33): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(8,47): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(9,36): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(9,50): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(12,19): Warning: when a function is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+function.dfy(13,25): Warning: when a function is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 9 verified, 0 errors
 Compilation failed because warnings were found and --allow-warnings is false
-function.dfy(7,33): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
-function.dfy(7,47): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
-function.dfy(8,36): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
-function.dfy(8,50): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(8,33): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(8,47): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(9,36): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(9,50): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(12,19): Warning: when a function is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+function.dfy(13,25): Warning: when a function is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 9 verified, 0 errors
-function.dfy(7,9): Error: Function _module._default.Compiled has no body so it cannot be compiled
-function.dfy(9,18): Error: Function _module._default.Axiom has no body so it cannot be compiled
-function.dfy(16,9): Error: Function _module._default.Fonk has no body so it cannot be compiled
+Compilation failed because warnings were found and --allow-warnings is false
+function.dfy(8,33): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(8,47): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(9,36): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(9,50): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless function. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing function to suppress this warning
+function.dfy(12,19): Warning: when a function is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+function.dfy(13,25): Warning: when a function is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 9 verified, 0 errors
+function.dfy(8,9): Error: Function _module._default.Compiled has no body so it cannot be compiled
+function.dfy(10,18): Error: Function _module._default.Axiom has no body so it cannot be compiled
+function.dfy(17,9): Error: Function _module._default.Fonk has no body so it cannot be compiled
 Translation was aborted because errors were found
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/functions/ensuresReporting.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/functions/ensuresReporting.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ef31e255dbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/functions/ensuresReporting.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify %s &> "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function ElseError(x: int): int
+  ensures ElseError(x) == 0
+{
+  if x == 0 then
+    0 
+  else 
+    1 // error
+}
+function ThenError(x: int): int
+  ensures ThenError(x) == 0
+{
+  if x == 0 then
+    1 // error
+  else 
+    0 
+}
+
+function CaseError(x: int): int
+  ensures CaseError(x) == 1
+{
+  match x {
+    case 0 => 1
+    case 1 => 0 // error
+    case _ => 1 
+  }
+}
+
+function LetError(x: int): int
+  ensures LetError(x) == 1
+{
+  var r := 3;
+  r
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/functions/ensuresReporting.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/functions/ensuresReporting.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8eaf561c25b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/functions/ensuresReporting.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+ensuresReporting.dfy(10,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+ensuresReporting.dfy(5,23): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
+ensuresReporting.dfy(16,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+ensuresReporting.dfy(13,23): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
+ensuresReporting.dfy(26,14): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+ensuresReporting.dfy(22,23): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
+ensuresReporting.dfy(35,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+ensuresReporting.dfy(32,22): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 4 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/method.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/method.dfy
index d944cbeaeed..a2b47a71c3b 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/method.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/method.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 // RUN: %verify --allow-axioms:false --type-system-refresh --allow-warnings "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %verify --allow-axioms:false --type-system-refresh --allow-external-contracts --allow-warnings "%s" >> "%t"
+ 
 // NONUNIFORM: warning will be the same for all back-ends
 // RUN: ! %run --allow-axioms:false "%s" >> "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
@@ -15,3 +17,12 @@ ghost method {:axiom} {:extern} GhostAxiomExtern() ensures false
 method BodylessLoop() ensures false {
   while(true) invariant true || false
 }
+
+method {:verify false} Brap() {
+  assert false;
+}
+
+method {:extern} Brrr() ensures false
+method {:extern} Booo() requires false {
+  assert false;
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/method.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/method.dfy.expect
index f2715703841..614011e79bc 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/method.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/method.dfy.expect
@@ -1,18 +1,36 @@
-method.dfy(6,26): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
-method.dfy(6,40): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
-method.dfy(7,29): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
-method.dfy(7,43): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
-method.dfy(16,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body
+method.dfy(8,26): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(8,40): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(9,29): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(9,43): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(12,17): Warning: when a method is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+method.dfy(13,23): Warning: when a method is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+method.dfy(21,23): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless method together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+method.dfy(25,17): Warning: when a method is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+method.dfy(26,17): Warning: when a method is exported, meaning it has a body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that it is called with arguments that satisfy its preconditions (its requires clauses and inputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'
+method.dfy(18,2): Warning: this loop has no body
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
-method.dfy(6,26): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
-method.dfy(6,40): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
-method.dfy(7,29): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
-method.dfy(7,43): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
-method.dfy(16,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
+method.dfy(8,26): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(8,40): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(9,29): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(9,43): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(21,23): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless method together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+method.dfy(18,2): Warning: this loop has no body
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
-method.dfy(6,7): Error: Method _module._default.Compiled has no body so it cannot be compiled
-method.dfy(8,16): Error: Method _module._default.Axiom has no body so it cannot be compiled
-method.dfy(16,2): Error: a loop without a body cannot be compiled
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
+method.dfy(8,26): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(8,40): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(9,29): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(9,43): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+method.dfy(12,17): Warning: when a method is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+method.dfy(13,23): Warning: when a method is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+method.dfy(21,23): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless method together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+method.dfy(25,17): Warning: when a method is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+method.dfy(26,17): Warning: when a method is exported, meaning it has a body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that it is called with arguments that satisfy its preconditions (its requires clauses and inputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'
+method.dfy(18,2): Warning: this loop has no body
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
+method.dfy(8,7): Error: Method _module._default.Compiled has no body so it cannot be compiled
+method.dfy(10,16): Error: Method _module._default.Axiom has no body so it cannot be compiled
+method.dfy(18,2): Error: a loop without a body cannot be compiled
 Translation was aborted because errors were found
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/focus.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/focus.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c06332e965a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/focus.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// RUN: %verify --type-system-refresh --allow-axioms --isolate-assertions %s > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method doFocus1(x: bool) returns (y: int) {
+  y := 1;                     // Batch 1    Batch 2
+  assert y == 1;              // Assertion  --
+  if x {
+    if false {
+      assert y >= 0;          // --         Assertion
+      assert {:focus} y <= 2; // --         Assertion
+      y := 2;
+      assert y == 2;          // --         Assertion
+    }
+  } else {
+    assert y == 1;            // Assertion  --
+  }
+  assert y == 1;              // Assertion  Assertion
+  if !x {
+    assert y >= 1;            // Assertion  Assertion
+  } else {
+    assert y <= 1;            // Assertion  Assertion
+  }
+}
+
+method doFocus2(x: bool) returns (y: int) {
+  y := 1;                     // Batch 1    Batch 2
+  assert y == 1;              // Assertion  --
+  if x {
+    while false {
+      assert y >= 0;          // --         Assertion
+      assert {:focus} y <= 2; // --         Assertion
+      y := 2;
+      assert y == 2;          // --         Assertion
+    }
+  } else {
+    assert y == 1;            // Assertion  --
+  }
+  assert y == 1;              // Assertion  --
+  if !x {
+    assert y >= 1;            // Assertion  --
+  } else {
+    assert y <= 1;            // Assertion  --
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/focus.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/focus.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..842d05da0e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/focus.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 20 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealConstants.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealConstants.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6983c76359a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealConstants.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify --type-system-refresh --bprint=%t.bpl --allow-axioms --isolate-assertions %s > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+const someConst: nat := 10
+
+method Constant() {
+  hide *;
+
+  assert someConst >= 0; // pass because of nat type
+  assert someConst > 8; // error, hidden
+  reveal someConst;
+  assert someConst > 9; // success
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealConstants.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealConstants.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..08e4e6c0579
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealConstants.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+revealConstants.dfy(10,19): Error: assertion might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealFunctions.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealFunctions.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8233d2f066e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealFunctions.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify --type-system-refresh --allow-axioms --isolate-assertions %s > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function P(x: int): bool {
+  true
+}
+
+method HideAndRevealHappyFlow() {
+  hide *;
+  
+  if (*) {
+    reveal P;
+    assert P(0);
+  } else {
+    assert P(0); // error
+  }
+  reveal P;
+  if (*) {
+    assert P(1);
+  } else {
+    hide *;
+    assert P(1); // error
+  }
+}
+
+function EnsuresFuncFoo(): bool
+  ensures EnsuresFuncFoo()
+
+method UseEnsuresFuncFoo() {
+  hide *;
+  if (*) {
+    reveal EnsuresFuncFoo;
+    assert EnsuresFuncFoo();
+  } else {
+    assert EnsuresFuncFoo(); // no error. Could be changed in the future
+  }
+}
+
+opaque predicate OpaqueFunc() {
+  true
+}
+
+method OpaqueUser() {
+  hide *;
+  if (*) {
+    reveal OpaqueFunc;
+    assert OpaqueFunc();
+  } else {
+    assert OpaqueFunc(); // error
+  }
+}
+
+// Subset results
+method FunctionSubsetResult() {
+  hide *;
+  var x: nat := Natty();
+  assert x >= 0; // no error
+
+  var y: int := Natty();
+  assert y >= 0; // no error
+}
+
+function Natty(): nat {
+  3
+}
+
+// Reads clause
+class O { var x: int }
+function Obj(o: O): int 
+  ensures Obj(o) > 0
+{
+  3
+}
+
+method ReadsClause() {
+  hide *;
+  var o := new O;
+  var before := Obj(o);
+  o.x := 3;
+  if (*) {
+    assert Obj(o) == before; // passes, because at the moment reads clauses are never hidden
+  } else {
+    assert Obj(o) == before by { // passes
+      reveal Obj;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module M1 {
+    ghost function RecFunc(x: nat): nat { 
+        if x == 0 then 0
+        else 1 + RecFunc(x - 1)
+    }
+}
+module M2 {
+    import opened M1
+    lemma Lemma(x: nat) 
+    ensures RecFunc(0) == 0
+    {
+        // Because RecFunc is recursive, it uses the fuel related $LS function, 
+        // this was previously hidden by 'hide *', so that the ensures could not be proven
+        hide *;
+        reveal RecFunc;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealFunctions.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealFunctions.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..875e3bafe09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealFunctions.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+revealFunctions.dfy(15,12): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealFunctions.dfy(22,12): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealFunctions.dfy(49,21): Error: assertion might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 22 verified, 3 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInBlock.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInBlock.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..372e9d8d332
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInBlock.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify --type-system-refresh --allow-axioms --isolate-assertions %s > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function P(x: int): bool {
+  true
+}
+
+function Q(): int 
+  requires P(0) {
+  3
+}
+
+method IfScope() {
+  hide *;
+  if (*) {
+    reveal P;
+  } else {
+    reveal P;
+  }
+  assert P(2); // error, since the previous two reveal statements are out of scope
+}
+
+method MatchStatementScope(x: int) {
+  hide *;
+  match x {
+    case 0 =>
+      reveal P;
+      assert P(0);
+    case _ =>
+      assert P(0); // error
+  }
+  assert P(0); // no error because the previous assertions create an assume
+  assert P(1); // error
+}
+
+method BlockScope() {
+  hide *;
+  {
+    reveal P;
+    assert P(0);
+  }
+  assert P(0); // no error because the previous assertion creates an assume
+  assert P(1); // error
+}
+
+method Forall() {
+  hide *;
+  var aa := new int[3];
+  forall i | 0 <= i < aa.Length
+  {
+    aa[i] := 0;
+    // Somehow the next two lines cause the entire forall to become a ghost context
+    // reveal P;
+    // assert P(0);
+  }
+  assert P(1); // error
+}
+
+method While() {
+  hide *;
+  var x := 3;
+  while(x > 0) {
+    reveal P;
+    assert P(0);
+    x := x - 1;
+  }
+  assert P(1); // error
+}
+
+// If-alternative statement. Does anyone use that?
+method IfAlternative(x: int) {
+  hide *;
+  if {
+    case x == 0 => 
+      reveal P;
+      assert P(0);
+    case x == 1 =>
+      assert P(1); // error
+    case true =>
+  }
+  assert P(2); // error
+}
+
+// Calc statement
+method Calc() {
+  hide *;
+  calc {
+    2;
+    { reveal P; assert P(0); }
+    1 + 1;
+    { assert P(1); } // error
+    1 + 1 + 0;
+  }
+  assert P(2); // error
+}
+
+// Check that we can still call a method hide
+method hide() 
+  decreases *
+{
+  hide();  
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInBlock.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInBlock.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a8368f07c62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInBlock.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+revealInBlock.dfy(20,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInBlock.dfy(30,14): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInBlock.dfy(33,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInBlock.dfy(43,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInBlock.dfy(56,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInBlock.dfy(67,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInBlock.dfy(78,14): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInBlock.dfy(81,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInBlock.dfy(91,14): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInBlock.dfy(94,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 19 verified, 10 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInExpression.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInExpression.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cfefad3571e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInExpression.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// RUN: echo 'turned off for the moment'
+// NOOP: ! %verify --type-system-refresh --allow-axioms --isolate-assertions %s > %t
+// NOOP: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function P(x: int): bool {
+  true
+}
+
+function Q(x: int): bool 
+  requires P(0) {
+  true
+}
+
+method RevealExpressionScope()
+{
+  hide *;
+  var a := (reveal P; assert P(0); true);
+  assert P(1); // error
+  var b := (var x := (reveal P; assert P(2); true); 
+            assert P(3); x); // error
+  var c := (var x: bool :| (reveal P; assert P(4); x); 
+            assert P(5); x); // error
+  var d := (forall x: int :: reveal P; assert P(x); Q(x)) || 
+           (assert P(7); true); // error
+  var e := ((x: bool) => reveal P; assert P(7); x)(true) || 
+           (assert P(8); true); // error
+}
+
+function MatchExpressionScope(x: int): int {
+  hide *;
+  var x := match x {
+    case 0 =>
+      reveal P; assert P(0); 1
+    case _ =>
+      assert P(0); 2 // error
+  };
+  assert P(1); // error
+  x
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInExpression.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInExpression.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..13f764b3e1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealInExpression.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+revealInExpression.dfy(18,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInExpression.dfy(20,20): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInExpression.dfy(22,20): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInExpression.dfy(24,20): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInExpression.dfy(35,14): Error: assertion might not hold
+revealInExpression.dfy(37,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 12 verified, 6 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealMethods.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealMethods.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e20f4b29389
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealMethods.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify --type-system-refresh --allow-axioms --isolate-assertions %s > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method MethodEnsuresAreHidden() {
+  hide Bar;
+  var x := Bar();
+  if (*) {
+    reveal Bar;
+    assert x;
+  } else {
+    assert x; // error
+  }
+  assert x;
+}
+
+method Bar() returns (x: bool) 
+  ensures x
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealMethods.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealMethods.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4311307def5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealMethods.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+revealMethods.dfy(5,7): Error: only functions and constants can be hidden
+revealMethods.dfy(8,11): Error: only functions and constants can be revealed
+2 resolution/type errors detected in revealMethods.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealQualified.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealQualified.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a92f15d9e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealQualified.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// RUN: %resolve --type-system-refresh --allow-axioms %s > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module Prod {
+  class Foo {
+    function P(x: int): bool {
+      true
+    }
+
+    static function Q(x: int): bool {
+      true
+    }
+  }
+
+  method StaticRevealWorks() {
+    hide *;
+      
+    reveal Foo.P;
+    reveal Foo.Q;
+  }
+
+  method InstanceRevealWorks(foo: Foo) {
+    hide *;
+      
+    reveal foo.P;
+    reveal foo.Q;
+  }
+}
+
+module Cons {
+  import Prod
+
+  method StaticRevealWorks() {
+    hide *;
+      
+    reveal Prod.Foo.P;
+    reveal Prod.Foo.Q;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealQualified.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealQualified.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f829807e3d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealQualified.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealSubsets.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealSubsets.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d35ad436d50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealSubsets.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify --type-system-refresh --allow-axioms --isolate-assertions %s > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function P(): nat
+
+method Foo(x: nat) {
+  hide nat;
+  if (*) {
+    assert x > 0; // Fails because nat is hidden
+  } else {
+    reveal nat;
+    assert x > 0; // No error
+  }
+  var y := P();
+  assert y > 0; // Fails because nat is hidden, even though P is revealed
+  
+  var z: int := P();
+  reveal nat;
+  assert z > 0; // Fails because z is an int
+  
+  hide P;
+  var a: nat := P();
+  assert a > 0; // Passes, because nat is revealed, even though P is hidden.
+  
+  var b: nat := *;
+  assert b >= 0; // Passes
+  
+  var c: int := *;
+  if (*) {
+    assert c > 0; // Fails
+  }
+  var d: nat := c by { // New syntax
+    assume c >= 0;
+  }
+  assert d > 0; // Passes
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealSubsets.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealSubsets.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bfbb72865ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/reveal/revealSubsets.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+revealSubsets.dfy(7,7): Error: invalid NameSegment
+1 parse errors detected in revealSubsets.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/localAssignment.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/localAssignment.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8e344fb85d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/localAssignment.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify %s &> "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method AssignToNat(b: bool) {
+  var r: nat := if b then
+    10 else
+    -10;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/localAssignment.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/localAssignment.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..54f553fdee4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/localAssignment.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+localAssignment.dfy(7,4): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/opaqueBlock.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/opaqueBlock.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1347dc780c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/opaqueBlock.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify --standard-libraries=true %s &> "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method Foo() returns (x: int)
+  ensures x > 4 
+{
+  x := 1;
+  var y := 1;
+  opaque
+    ensures x > 3 
+  {
+    x := x + y;
+    x := x + 2;
+  }
+  assert x == 4; // error
+  x := x + 1;
+}
+
+method StructuredCommandsIf(t: bool)
+{
+  var x := 1;
+  opaque 
+  {
+    if (t) {
+      x := x + 2;
+    } 
+  }
+  assert x >= 1; // error
+}
+
+method StructuredCommandsWhile()
+{
+  var x := 1;
+  opaque 
+  {
+    while (x > 0)
+      decreases x 
+    {
+      x := x - 1;
+    } 
+  }
+  assert x >= 1; // error
+}
+
+method BadlyFormedSpec()
+{
+  var x := 1;
+  opaque 
+    ensures 3 / x == 1 // error: possible division by zero
+  {
+    x := 3;
+  }
+  var y;
+  opaque ensures y == y { } // error: y is not assigned
+  y := 1;
+}
+
+class Wrapper {
+ var x: int
+}
+
+method ContainingMethodModifies(wrapper: Wrapper, unchangedWrapper: Wrapper) returns (x: int)
+  modifies wrapper
+  ensures x > 4 
+{
+  wrapper.x := 2;
+  opaque
+    ensures wrapper.x > 3 
+  {
+    wrapper.x := wrapper.x + 2;
+    unchangedWrapper.x := 10; // error
+  }
+  x := wrapper.x + 1;
+}
+
+method ExplicitModifies(wrapper: Wrapper) returns (x: int)
+  modifies wrapper
+  ensures x > 4 
+{
+  wrapper.x := 2;
+  opaque
+    ensures wrapper.x > 3 
+    modifies {}
+  {
+    wrapper.x := wrapper.x + 2; // error
+  }
+  x := wrapper.x + 1;
+}
+
+method ModifiesTooMuch(wrapper: Wrapper, unchangedWrapper: Wrapper)
+  modifies wrapper
+{
+  opaque
+    modifies wrapper, unchangedWrapper // error
+  {
+    unchangedWrapper.x := 10;
+  }
+}
+
+method Nested(w1: Wrapper, w2: Wrapper)
+  modifies w1, w2
+{
+  opaque
+    modifies w1 
+  {
+    opaque modifies w2 // error 
+    {
+      w2.x := 10;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+method DefiniteAssignment()
+{
+  var x: int; 
+  opaque
+    ensures x == 3
+  {
+    x := 3;
+  } 
+  var target := x;
+  var y: int;
+  opaque
+  {
+    y := 4;
+  }
+  target := y; // error: !assigned(y) 
+  var z: int;
+  opaque 
+    ensures z == z // error !assigned(z)
+  {
+    if (*) {
+      z := 5;
+    }
+  }
+  target := z;
+}
+
+method EnsuresDoesNotHold() {
+  var x: int;
+  opaque 
+    ensures false
+  {
+    x := 3;
+  }
+}
+
+import opened Std.Wrappers
+method Returns(input: Option<int>) returns (r: Option<int>)
+  requires input.Some? ==> input == Some(3)
+{
+  var x: int; 
+  opaque
+    ensures x == 3
+  {
+    x :- input;
+  } 
+  var y: int;
+  opaque
+  {
+    y := 4;
+    return Some(y);
+  }
+  var z: int;
+  opaque
+    ensures z > 5
+  {
+    z :| z > 10;
+  }
+  r := Some(z);
+}
+
+method MultipleAssignment() returns (r: int) {
+  var tuple := (3,2);
+  var x: int;
+  var y: int;  
+  opaque
+    ensures x == 3
+  {
+    x, y := tuple.0, tuple.1;
+  }
+  r := x;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/opaqueBlock.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/opaqueBlock.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a063323faee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/statement/opaqueBlock.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+opaqueBlock.dfy(15,11): Error: assertion might not hold
+opaqueBlock.dfy(28,11): Error: assertion might not hold
+opaqueBlock.dfy(42,11): Error: assertion might not hold
+opaqueBlock.dfy(49,14): Error: possible division by zero
+opaqueBlock.dfy(54,17): Error: variable 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+opaqueBlock.dfy(71,21): Error: assignment might update an object not in the enclosing context's modifies clause
+opaqueBlock.dfy(85,12): Error: assignment might update an object not in the enclosing context's modifies clause
+opaqueBlock.dfy(93,2): Error: opaque block might violate context's modifies clause
+opaqueBlock.dfy(106,4): Error: opaque block might violate context's modifies clause
+opaqueBlock.dfy(127,12): Error: variable 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+opaqueBlock.dfy(130,17): Error: variable 'z', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+opaqueBlock.dfy(142,12): Error: ensures might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 12 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/subsetTypes/errorReporting.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/subsetTypes/errorReporting.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c78b69a9aff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/subsetTypes/errorReporting.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify %s &> "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+type ten = x: int | x == 10 witness if true then
+  11 else
+  10
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/subsetTypes/errorReporting.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/subsetTypes/errorReporting.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c4f213a1fba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ast/subsetTypes/errorReporting.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+errorReporting.dfy(5,2): Error: the given witness expression might not satisfy constraint
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/auditor/TestAuditor.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/auditor/TestAuditor.dfy
index fcf7ce8f03e..9b790d0b992 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/auditor/TestAuditor.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/auditor/TestAuditor.dfy
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// RUN: %baredafny audit --reads-clauses-on-methods --report-file "%t.md" "%s"
-// RUN: %baredafny audit --reads-clauses-on-methods --report-file "%t.md" --compare-report "%s"
-// RUN: %baredafny audit --reads-clauses-on-methods --report-file "%t.html" "%s"
-// RUN: %baredafny audit --reads-clauses-on-methods --report-file "%t-ietf.md" --report-format markdown-ietf "%s"
-// RUN: %baredafny audit --reads-clauses-on-methods --use-basename-for-filename "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %baredafny audit --reads-clauses-on-methods --allow-external-contracts --report-file "%t.md" "%s"
+// RUN: %baredafny audit --reads-clauses-on-methods --allow-external-contracts --report-file "%t.md" --compare-report "%s"
+// RUN: %baredafny audit --reads-clauses-on-methods --allow-external-contracts --report-file "%t.html" "%s"
+// RUN: %baredafny audit --reads-clauses-on-methods --allow-external-contracts --report-file "%t-ietf.md" --report-format markdown-ietf "%s"
+// RUN: %baredafny audit --reads-clauses-on-methods --allow-external-contracts --use-basename-for-filename "%s" > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.md.expect" "%t.md"
 // RUN: %diff "%s-ietf.md.expect" "%t-ietf.md"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.html.expect" "%t.html"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/auditor/TestAuditor.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/auditor/TestAuditor.dfy.expect
index acffcfbdc08..ff81640d3a4 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/auditor/TestAuditor.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/auditor/TestAuditor.dfy.expect
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ TestAuditor.dfy(38,2): Warning: assume statement has no {:axiom} annotation
 TestAuditor.dfy(136,2): Warning: assume statement has no {:axiom} annotation
 TestAuditor.dfy(150,9): Warning: Assertion with {:only} temporarily transforms other assertions into assumptions
 TestAuditor.dfy(154,7): Warning: Members with {:only} temporarily disable the verification of other members in the entire file
-TestAuditor.dfy(95,4): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-TestAuditor.dfy(102,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-TestAuditor.dfy(139,2): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-TestAuditor.dfy(143,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+TestAuditor.dfy(95,4): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+TestAuditor.dfy(102,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+TestAuditor.dfy(139,2): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+TestAuditor.dfy(143,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
 TestAuditor.dfy(93,10): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 TestAuditor.dfy(95,4): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 TestAuditor.dfy(139,2): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/autoRevealDependencies/func-depth-fail.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/autoRevealDependencies/func-depth-fail.dfy.expect
index 49a66e17ae7..2f69d3fbc83 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/autoRevealDependencies/func-depth-fail.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/autoRevealDependencies/func-depth-fail.dfy.expect
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-func-depth-fail.dfy(9,37): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+func-depth-fail.dfy(12,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 func-depth-fail.dfy(10,10): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/arrays.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/arrays.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3d586af71fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/arrays.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0061]: this function takes 1 argument but 0 arguments were supplied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/class.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/class.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..36fc3c768d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/class.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: arguments to this function are incorrect
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/datatypes.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/datatypes.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ecac43e42e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/datatypes.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Static\ methods\ with\ type\ arguments</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/extern.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/extern.dfy
index d3207091368..95f9749c908 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/extern.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/extern.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %run --target cpp --unicode-char false "%s" --input ExternDefs.h > "%t"
+// RUN: %run --target cpp --allow-external-contracts --unicode-char false "%s" --input ExternDefs.h > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
 module {:extern "Extern"} Extern {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/functions.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/functions.dfy
index a5a0c657210..29ea1b37d80 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/functions.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/functions.dfy
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ module {:extern "Extern"} Extern {
   method {:extern "Extern", "Caller"} Caller(inc:uint64-->uint64, x:uint64) returns (y:uint64)
     requires inc.requires(x)
 
-  method {:extern "Extern", "GenericCaller"} GenericCaller<A>(inc:A-->A, x:A) returns (y:A)
+method {:extern "Extern", "GenericCaller"} GenericCaller<A>(inc:A-->A, x:A) returns (y:A)
     requires inc.requires(x)
 
   class {:extern} GenericClass<A>
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/maps.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/maps.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f7364f653d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/maps.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `_V: Hash` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/seqs.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/seqs.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3d586af71fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/c++/seqs.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0061]: this function takes 1 argument but 0 arguments were supplied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/customMain.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/customMain.dfy
index 766c00388c8..456497d074c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/customMain.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/customMain.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --main-method:HappyModule.NewMain
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --main-method:HappyModule.NewMain --spill-translation
 
 method Main() {
   print "not printed";
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/measure-complexity.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/measure-complexity.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..62e786470c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/measure-complexity.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %baredafny measure-complexity --show-snippets false --use-basename-for-filename --isolate-assertions --worst-amount 100 "%s" > %t.raw
+// RUN: %sed 's#\): \d+#): <redacted>#g' %t.raw > %t.raw2
+// RUN: %sed 's#are \d+#are <redacted>#g' %t.raw2 > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+method Foo() {
+  assert Ack(0,0) == 10;
+  assert Ack(1,3) == 10;
+  assert Ack(3,3) == 10;
+  assert Ack(3,4) == 10;
+}
+
+function Ack(m: nat, n: nat): nat
+{
+  if m == 0 then
+    n + 1
+  else if n == 0 then
+    Ack(m - 1, 1)
+  else
+    Ack(m - 1, Ack(m, n - 1))
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/measure-complexity.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/measure-complexity.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8050a00fdc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/measure-complexity.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+Starting verification of iteration 1/1 with seed 0
+measure-complexity.dfy(6,18): Error: assertion might not hold
+The total consumed resources are <redacted>
+The most demanding 100 verification tasks consumed these resources:
+measure-complexity.dfy(9,18): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(8,18): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(9,15): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(7,18): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(19,4): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(6,18): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(7,15): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(7,13): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(19,15): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(17,4): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(19,24): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(17,15): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(17,10): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(19,10): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(15,6): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(19,4): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(19,4): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(9,13): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(17,4): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(8,15): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(19,15): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(6,13): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(8,13): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(17,4): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(6,15): <redacted>
+measure-complexity.dfy(19,15): <redacted>
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/high.dfyconfig.toml b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/high.dfyconfig.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6045709227c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/high.dfyconfig.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+base = "./mid.dfyconfig.toml"
+
+includes = ["../included.dfy"]
+
+[options]
+warn-shadowing = true
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/mid.dfyconfig.toml b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/mid.dfyconfig.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c1a91005713
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/mid.dfyconfig.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+base = "./nested/low.dfyconfig.toml"
+
+excludes = ["../included.dfy", "./nested/excluded.dfy"]
+
+[options]
+warn-shadowing = false
+allow-warnings=true
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/nested/excluded.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/nested/excluded.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8edb64d5805
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/nested/excluded.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// RUN: echo ""
+complete garbage
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/nested/low.dfyconfig.toml b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/nested/low.dfyconfig.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..581c5868271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/Input/nested/low.dfyconfig.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+includes = ["../../included.dfy", "./excluded.dfy"]
+
+[options]
+warn-shadowing = true
+show-snippets = false
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/included.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/included.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a195c47596a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/included.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// RUN: %resolve %S/Input/high.dfyconfig.toml > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method Foo(x: int) {
+  if (x == 0) {
+    var x := 3;
+    print x, "\n";
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/included.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/included.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6c9c4c459b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/base/included.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+high.dfyconfig.toml(1,0): Warning: only Dafny project files named dfyconfig.toml are recognised by the Dafny IDE.
+included.dfy(6,8): Warning: Shadowed local-variable name: x
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/usesLibrary.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/usesLibrary.dfy.expect
deleted file mode 100644
index fc50822baec..00000000000
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/usesLibrary.dfy.expect
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-dfyconfig.toml(1,0): Warning: The file 'wrappersLib.dfy' was passed to --library. Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used
-
-Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/high/projectAsLibrary.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/high/projectAsLibrary.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5c182403b43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/high/projectAsLibrary.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// RUN: %resolve --library "%S/../mid/dfyconfig.toml" --library %S/../low/wrappersLib.dfy --allow-warnings --function-syntax 3 %s > "%t"
+// RUN: ! %resolve --library "%S/../mid/dfyconfig.toml" --library %S/../low/wrappersLib.dfy --allow-warnings --function-syntax 3 --unicode-char false %s >> "%t"
+// RUN: %verify --library "%S/../mid/dfyconfig.toml" --library %S/../low/wrappersLib.dfy --dont-verify-dependencies --allow-warnings --function-syntax 3 %s >> "%t"
+// RUN: ! %verify --library "%S/../mid/dfyconfig.toml" --library %S/../low/wrappersLib.dfy --verbose --allow-warnings --function-syntax 3 %s >> "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module ConsumerConsumer {
+  import opened Consumer
+  import opened Wrappers
+
+  function UsesMaybeInt(): Option<int> {
+    MaybeInt()
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/high/projectAsLibrary.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/high/projectAsLibrary.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a5f206b818d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/high/projectAsLibrary.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
+CLI: Error: cannot load dfyconfig.toml: --unicode-char is set locally to False, but the library was built with True
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
+Building dependency dfyconfig.toml
+CLI: Warning: The file 'wrappersLib.dfy' was passed to --library. Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used
+usesLibrary.dfy(13,11): Error: assertion might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
+CLI: Error: Failed to build dependency dfyconfig.toml
+CLI: Warning: The file 'wrappersLib.dfy' was passed to --library. Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/wrappersLib.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/low/wrappersLib.dfy
similarity index 100%
rename from Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/wrappersLib.dfy
rename to Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/low/wrappersLib.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/dfyconfig.toml b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/mid/dfyconfig.toml
similarity index 52%
rename from Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/dfyconfig.toml
rename to Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/mid/dfyconfig.toml
index 03fd41d67f7..a069d5f5691 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/dfyconfig.toml
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/mid/dfyconfig.toml
@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@ includes = ["usesLibrary.dfy"]
 
 [options]
 library = [
-  "wrappersLib.dfy"
-]
\ No newline at end of file
+  "../low/wrappersLib.dfy"
+]
+allow-warnings=true
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/usesLibrary.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/mid/usesLibrary.dfy
similarity index 80%
rename from Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/usesLibrary.dfy
rename to Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/mid/usesLibrary.dfy
index 2e14c622981..f26bfcfba54 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libraries/usesLibrary.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/mid/usesLibrary.dfy
@@ -8,4 +8,8 @@ module Consumer {
   function MaybeInt(): Option<int> {
     Some(42)
   }
+
+  method AssertFalse() {
+    assert false;
+  }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/mid/usesLibrary.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/mid/usesLibrary.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f829807e3d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/libs/mid/usesLibrary.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/projectFile.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/projectFile.dfy
index 187680cf63e..d34eaacd6a7 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/projectFile.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/projectFile.dfy
@@ -1,40 +1,55 @@
 // Invalid value gives error and stops compilation
+// RUN: echo '1' >> %t
 // RUN: ! %resolve --warn-shadowing=true %S/broken/invalidValue.toml &> "%t"
-
+// RUN: echo '2' >> %t
 // A project file can specify input files and configure options
 // RUN: ! %resolve "%S/dfyconfig.toml" &>> "%t"
-
+// RUN: echo '3' >> %t
 // Test using a URL instead of a local file as a project file
 // RUN: ! %resolve "https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/blob/master/web.toml" &>> %t
+// RUN: echo '4' >> %t
 
 // Test option override behavior
 // RUN: %resolve "%S/dfyconfig.toml" --warn-shadowing=false &>> "%t"
+// RUN: echo '5' >> %t
 
 // Test option with default override behavior
 // RUN: ! %resolve "%S/dfyconfig.toml" --function-syntax=3 &>> "%t"
+// RUN: echo '6' >> %t
 
 // Multiple project files are not allowed
 // RUN: ! %resolve "%S/dfyconfig.toml" "%S/broken/dfyconfig.toml" &>> %t
+// RUN: echo '7' >> %t
 
 // Project files may not contain unknown properties
 // RUN: ! %resolve "%S/broken/dfyconfig.toml" &>> %t
+// RUN: echo '8' >> %t
 
 // Warn if file contains options that don't exist
 // RUN: ! %resolve "%S/broken/invalidOption.toml" &>> "%t"
+// RUN: echo '9' >> %t
 
 // Project files must be files on disk.
 // RUN: ! %resolve "%S/doesNotExist.toml" &>> %t
+// RUN: echo '10' >> %t
 
 // Project file options must have the right type
 // RUN: ! %resolve "%S/badTypes/dfyconfig.toml" &>> "%t"
+// RUN: echo '11' >> %t
 
 // A project file without includes will take all .dfy files as input
 // RUN: ! %resolve "%S/noIncludes/dfyconfig.toml" &>> "%t"
 
+// RUN: echo '12' >> %t
 // Files included by the project file and on the CLI, duplicate is ignored.
 // RUN: ! %resolve "%S/dfyconfig.toml" "%S/src/input.dfy" &>> "%t"
 
+// RUN: echo '13' >> %t
 // Files excluded by the project file and included on the CLI, are included
 // RUN: ! %resolve "%S/dfyconfig.toml" "%S/src/excluded.dfy" &>> "%t"
 
+// RUN: echo '14' >> %t
+// A project file can be found from an input file
+// RUN: ! %resolve --find-project %S/src/input.dfy &>> "%t"
+
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/projectFile.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/projectFile.dfy.expect
index 6a3f7ba9852..397e1c21594 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/projectFile.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/cli/projectFile/projectFile.dfy.expect
@@ -1,28 +1,40 @@
-Error: The Dafny project file invalidValue.toml contains the following errors: (3,14) : error : Unexpected token `NoIncludes` for a value
-
-Warning: only Dafny project files named dfyconfig.toml are recognised by the Dafny IDE.
+invalidValue.toml(3,13): Error: Unexpected token `NoIncludes` for a value
+invalidValue.toml(1,0): Warning: only Dafny project files named dfyconfig.toml are recognised by the Dafny IDE.
+2
 input.dfy(6,8): Warning: Shadowed local-variable name: x
 Compilation failed because warnings were found and --allow-warnings is false
+3
 Error: file web.toml not found
+4
 
 Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
+5
 input.dfy(10,0): Error: a function cannot be declared 'ghost' (it is 'ghost' by default when using --function-syntax:3)
 1 parse errors detected in dfyconfig.toml
+6
 Only one project file can be used at a time. Both dfyconfig.toml and dfyconfig.toml were specified
-Error: The Dafny project file dfyconfig.toml contains the following errors: (1,1): the property includdddes does not exist.
-
-Warning: only Dafny project files named dfyconfig.toml are recognised by the Dafny IDE.
+7
+dfyconfig.toml(1,0): Error: Dafny project files do not have the property includdddes
+8
 Warning: option 'does-not-exist' that was specified in the project file, is not a valid Dafny option.
 invalidOption.toml(1,0): Warning: only Dafny project files named dfyconfig.toml are recognised by the Dafny IDE.
 Compilation failed because warnings were found and --allow-warnings is false
+9
 Error: file doesNotExist.toml not found
+10
 dfyconfig.toml(1,0): Error: could not parse value '3' for option 'warn-shadowing' that has type 'Boolean'
+11
 input.dfy(6,8): Warning: Shadowed local-variable name: x
 moreInput.dfy(6,8): Warning: Shadowed local-variable name: x
 Compilation failed because warnings were found and --allow-warnings is false
+12
 input.dfy(6,8): Warning: Shadowed local-variable name: x
 Compilation failed because warnings were found and --allow-warnings is false
-excluded.dfy(3,7): Error: Duplicate member name: Foo
-input.dfy(6,8): Warning: Shadowed local-variable name: x
+13
+input.dfy(3,7): Error: Duplicate member name: Foo
 excluded.dfy(6,8): Warning: Shadowed local-variable name: z
+input.dfy(6,8): Warning: Shadowed local-variable name: x
 1 resolution/type errors detected in dfyconfig.toml
+14
+input.dfy(6,8): Warning: Shadowed local-variable name: x
+Compilation failed because warnings were found and --allow-warnings is false
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Arrays.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Arrays.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..66736e40df8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Arrays.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>MultiSelectLValue</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile-Expanded.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile-Expanded.dfy
index 1d9abea6780..b8215cff1e6 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile-Expanded.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile-Expanded.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --type-system-refresh
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --type-system-refresh=true
 
 method Main() {
   Is.Test();
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile-Expanded.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile-Expanded.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f84c3397b2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile-Expanded.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: AsIs-Compile-Expanded.dfy(18,10): Error: Feature not supported for this compilation target: Type test expressions (`x is T`)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile.dfy
index 319847564e2..995610808a0 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile.dfy
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ method Main() {
   IsTests();
 }
 
-trait A<X> { }
-trait B<Y0, Y1> { }
+trait A<X> extends object { }
+trait B<Y0, Y1> extends object { }
 trait C<Z> extends B<int, Z> { }
 
 class K<U> extends object, B<int, U> { }
@@ -23,19 +23,19 @@ method AssignBackAndForth<W>(a: A<W>, b: B<int, W>, c: C<W>, k: K<W>, l: L<W>) r
   var o: object?;
 
   o := a;
-  a' := o;
+  a' := o as A<W>;
 
   o := b;
-  b' := o;
+  b' := o as B<int, W>;
 
   o := c;
-  c' := o;
+  c' := o as C<W>;
 
   o := k;
-  k' := o;
+  k' := o as K<W>;
 
   o := l;
-  l' := o;
+  l' := o as L<W>;
 }
 
 method AsBackAndForth<W>(a: A<W>, b: B<int, W>, c: C<W>, k: K<W>, l: L<W>) returns (a': object, b': object, c': object, k': object, l': object)
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ method IsTests() {
   // TODO: SubsetConstraints();
 }
 
-trait TraitA<X> { }
+trait TraitA<X> extends object { }
 trait TraitB<X> { }
 
 class ClassP { }
@@ -122,11 +122,11 @@ method TestNullIs<U>(o: object, oo: object?, t: TraitA<U>, tt: TraitA?<U>, q: Cl
   print qq is object, " ", qq is object?, " ", qq is TraitA<U>, " ", qq is TraitA?<U>, " ", qq is ClassQ<U>, " ", qq is ClassQ?<U>, "\n";
 }
 
-trait XA { }
-trait XB { }
+trait XA extends object { }
+trait XB extends object { }
 trait XC extends XA, XB { }
 trait XD extends XC { }
-trait XE { }
+trait XE extends object { }
 class XX extends XD { }
 
 method TestFromTraits0(x: XX?) {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..96d3f9ff702
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AsIs-Compile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error: prefix `ClassR` is unknown
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AutoInit.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AutoInit.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e8698a70160
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/AutoInit.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Bitvector\ types</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/BranchCoverage.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/BranchCoverage.dfy.expect
index f32f724a969..9fd2a371b41 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/BranchCoverage.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/BranchCoverage.dfy.expect
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ Dafny program verifier finished with 6 verified, 0 errors
 32: BranchCoverage.dfy(147,4): then branch
 33: BranchCoverage.dfy(147,4): else branch
 34: BranchCoverage.dfy(156,2): entry to function _module._default.Factorial
-35: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,12): then branch
-36: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,12): else branch
+35: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,2): case body
+36: BranchCoverage.dfy(158,2): case body
 37: BranchCoverage.dfy(163,0): entry to method _module._default.ComputeFactorial
-38: BranchCoverage.dfy(166,2): then branch
-39: BranchCoverage.dfy(168,2): else branch
+38: BranchCoverage.dfy(166,2): case body
+39: BranchCoverage.dfy(168,2): case body
 40: BranchCoverage.dfy(174,14): entry to method _module._default.Main
 41: BranchCoverage.dfy(14,17): entry to method _module.MyClass._ctor
 0: 0
@@ -123,11 +123,11 @@ Dafny program verifier finished with 6 verified, 0 errors
 32: BranchCoverage.dfy(147,4): then branch
 33: BranchCoverage.dfy(147,4): else branch
 34: BranchCoverage.dfy(156,2): entry to function _module._default.Factorial
-35: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,12): then branch
-36: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,12): else branch
+35: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,2): case body
+36: BranchCoverage.dfy(158,2): case body
 37: BranchCoverage.dfy(163,0): entry to method _module._default.ComputeFactorial
-38: BranchCoverage.dfy(166,2): then branch
-39: BranchCoverage.dfy(168,2): else branch
+38: BranchCoverage.dfy(166,2): case body
+39: BranchCoverage.dfy(168,2): case body
 40: BranchCoverage.dfy(174,14): entry to method _module._default.Main
 41: BranchCoverage.dfy(14,17): entry to method _module.MyClass._ctor
 0: 0
@@ -210,11 +210,11 @@ Dafny program verifier finished with 6 verified, 0 errors
 32: BranchCoverage.dfy(147,4): then branch
 33: BranchCoverage.dfy(147,4): else branch
 34: BranchCoverage.dfy(156,2): entry to function _module._default.Factorial
-35: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,12): then branch
-36: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,12): else branch
+35: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,2): case body
+36: BranchCoverage.dfy(158,2): case body
 37: BranchCoverage.dfy(163,0): entry to method _module._default.ComputeFactorial
-38: BranchCoverage.dfy(166,2): then branch
-39: BranchCoverage.dfy(168,2): else branch
+38: BranchCoverage.dfy(166,2): case body
+39: BranchCoverage.dfy(168,2): case body
 40: BranchCoverage.dfy(174,14): entry to method _module._default.Main
 41: BranchCoverage.dfy(14,17): entry to method _module.MyClass._ctor
 0: 0
@@ -384,11 +384,11 @@ Dafny program verifier finished with 6 verified, 0 errors
 32: BranchCoverage.dfy(147,4): then branch
 33: BranchCoverage.dfy(147,4): else branch
 34: BranchCoverage.dfy(156,2): entry to function _module._default.Factorial
-35: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,12): then branch
-36: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,12): else branch
+35: BranchCoverage.dfy(157,2): case body
+36: BranchCoverage.dfy(158,2): case body
 37: BranchCoverage.dfy(163,0): entry to method _module._default.ComputeFactorial
-38: BranchCoverage.dfy(166,2): then branch
-39: BranchCoverage.dfy(168,2): else branch
+38: BranchCoverage.dfy(166,2): case body
+39: BranchCoverage.dfy(168,2): case body
 40: BranchCoverage.dfy(174,14): entry to method _module._default.Main
 41: BranchCoverage.dfy(14,17): entry to method _module.MyClass._ctor
 0: 0
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/BuiltIns.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/BuiltIns.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0cd4d62f991
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/BuiltIns.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0433]: failed to resolve: unresolved import
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/BuiltIns_Unsupported.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/BuiltIns_Unsupported.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..442259c6e2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/BuiltIns_Unsupported.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Array\ of\ dimensions\ greater\ than\ 16</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ByMethodCompilation.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ByMethodCompilation.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a9e2dc9c5c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ByMethodCompilation.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0425]: cannot find value `_hresult` in this scope
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Calls.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Calls.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a0f83900f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Calls.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: (0,-1): Error: Feature not supported for this compilation target: The /runAllTests option
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Class.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Class.dfy
index 23591e43450..80f7826303c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Class.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Class.dfy
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class MyClass {
   static method N() returns (r: int) { r := 70; }
 }
 
-trait MyTrait {
+trait MyTrait extends object {
   var a: int
   const b: int
   const c := 17
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Class.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Class.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Class.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Collections.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Collections.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3dec7f442bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Collections.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitIndexCollectionUpdate for multiset<uint32></i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CompileWithArguments.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CompileWithArguments.dfy
index 7475394416e..447f5df8b3a 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CompileWithArguments.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CompileWithArguments.dfy
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 // RUN: %run --no-verify --target:js "%s" -- Javascript 2 >> "%t"
 // RUN: %run --no-verify --target py "%s" Python 1 >> "%t"
 // RUN: %run --no-verify --target go "%s" "Go go" 1 >> "%t"
-// RUN: %build --no-verify --target:cs "%s" --output:%s.dll
-// RUN: dotnet %s.dll "dotnet" "howdy" >> "%t"
-// RUN: dotnet %s.dll "dotnet" "hello" >> "%t"
-// RUN: dotnet %s.dll "dotnet" "aloha" >> "%t"
+// RUN: %build --no-verify --target:cs "%s" --output:%S/Output/CompileWithArgument.dll
+// RUN: dotnet %S/Output/CompileWithArgument.dll "dotnet" "howdy" >> "%t"
+// RUN: dotnet %S/Output/CompileWithArgument.dll "dotnet" "hello" >> "%t"
+// RUN: dotnet %S/Output/CompileWithArgument.dll "dotnet" "aloha" >> "%t"
 // RUN: %build --no-verify --target:js "%s" --output=%s.js
 // RUN: node %s.js "javascript" 2 >> "%t"
 // RUN: node %s.js "javascript" 1 >> "%t"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Comprehensions.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Comprehensions.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Comprehensions.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ComprehensionsNewSyntax.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ComprehensionsNewSyntax.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ComprehensionsNewSyntax.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CovariantCollections.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CovariantCollections.dfy
index 6dd73ee7fea..a0565555b09 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CovariantCollections.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CovariantCollections.dfy
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ method Main() {
   CovarianceRegressions.Test();
 }
 
-trait Number {
+trait Number extends object {
   const value: int
   method Print()
 }
@@ -342,7 +342,8 @@ method Downcasts() {
   s, s' := DowncastM2(m);  // cast in, cast out
   s := var v: set<Integer> := m; v;  // regression test -- this once tripped up the compilation to Java, whereas the next line had not
   s' := var u: set<Number> := var v: set<Integer> := m; v; u;
-  var eq := s == m && m == s;
+  var s'' := DowncastFunction(a, b); // regression test -- the same error was later discovered in top-level function bodies
+  var eq := s == m && m == s && s == s'';
   print eq, "\n";  // true
 
   s := FId<Integer>(m);  // cast in
@@ -367,6 +368,12 @@ method Create<T>(a: T, b: T) returns (m: set<T>, n: multiset<T>, o: seq<T>, p: m
   p := map[a := b, b := a];
 }
 
+function DowncastFunction(a: Integer, b: Integer): set<Integer> {
+  var m: set<Number> := {a, b};
+  var v: set<Integer> := m;
+  v
+}
+
 function DowncastF(s: set<Integer>): set<Number> { s }
 method DowncastM(s: set<Integer>) returns (r: set<Number>)
   ensures r == s
@@ -454,7 +461,7 @@ function MapOfSeqOf<T(==), U>(t: T, u: U): map<seq<T>, U> {
 // -------------------- some regression tets --------------------
 
 module CovarianceRegressions {
-  trait Trait { }
+  trait Trait extends object { }
 
   method Test() {
     var a: set<Trait>;
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CovariantCollections.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CovariantCollections.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5dd8bb6a194
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CovariantCollections.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Unsupported:\ DAST_dBinOp_dAnd\ with\ not\ 2\ elements</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CoverageReport.dfy_tests_actual.html.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CoverageReport.dfy_tests_actual.html.expect
index 50b452d2ad2..6e794a63d7b 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CoverageReport.dfy_tests_actual.html.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/CoverageReport.dfy_tests_actual.html.expect
@@ -172,8 +172,8 @@ function {:tailrecursion} Factorial(n: nat): nat {
   // 11 times
 </span><span class="fc" id="156:1">  match n
   case 0 => 1  // 1 time
-</span><span class="na" id="158:1">  case _ => n * Factorial(n - 1)  // 10 times
-}
+  case _ => n * Factorial(n - 1)  // 10 times
+</span><span class="na" id="159:1">}
 
 method {:tailrecursion} ComputeFactorial(n: nat, acc: nat) returns (f: nat)
   ensures f == Factorial(n) * acc
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Datatype.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Datatype.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9be48cfdfeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Datatype.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitDatatypeBoundedPool</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/DowncastClone.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/DowncastClone.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..690b413b47b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/DowncastClone.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Coercion\ from\ ::dafny_runtime::Object<dyn\ super::_module::X>\ to\ ::dafny_runt\.\.\..*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/DuplicateArrowNames.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/DuplicateArrowNames.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..34a952a5453
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/DuplicateArrowNames.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// CHECK-L: thread 'main' panicked at library\core\src\panicking.rs:156:5:
+// CHECK-L: unsafe precondition(s) violated: hint::unreachable_unchecked must never be reached
+// CHECK-L: note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace
+// CHECK-L: thread caused non-unwinding panic. aborting.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ErasableTypeWrappers.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ErasableTypeWrappers.dfy
index fc5f494d48f..de79e80473c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ErasableTypeWrappers.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ErasableTypeWrappers.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s" -- --relax-definite-assignment --spill-translation --allow-deprecation --unicode-char false --type-system-refresh --general-traits=datatype
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s" -- --relax-definite-assignment --spill-translation --allow-deprecation --unicode-char false --type-system-refresh=true --general-traits=datatype
 
 datatype SingletonRecord = SingletonRecord(u: int)
 datatype GhostOrNot = ghost Ghost(a: int, b: int) | Compiled(x: int)
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ErasableTypeWrappers.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ErasableTypeWrappers.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d831924e7ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ErasableTypeWrappers.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error: expected identifier, found `<`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/EuclideanDivision.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/EuclideanDivision.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..030d3bbdc4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/EuclideanDivision.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
+// CHECK: .*expected `I1`, found `DafnyInt`.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Extern.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Extern.dfy
index 7d1e55c39f4..6f925a10523 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Extern.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Extern.dfy
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ module {:extern "Library"} Library {
   class {:extern "LibClass"} LibClass {
     static method {:extern} CallMeInt(x: int) returns (y: int, z: int)
     static method {:extern} CallMeNative(x: MyInt, b: bool) returns (y: MyInt)
-    static method {:extern "Library.OtherClass", "CallMe"} CallMeInAnotherClass() returns (w : object)
+    static method {:axiom} {:extern "Library.OtherClass", "CallMe"} CallMeInAnotherClass() returns (w : object)
   }
 
   class {:extern} AllDafny {
@@ -80,13 +80,13 @@ module {:extern "Library"} Library {
 
   class {:extern} SingletonOptimization {
     // The in-parameter and out-parameter of these methods are optimized to just an "MyInt"
-    static method {:extern} SingletonTuple(a: (ghost MyInt, MyInt)) returns (b: (MyInt, ghost MyInt, ghost MyInt))
+    static method {:axiom} {:extern} SingletonTuple(a: (ghost MyInt, MyInt)) returns (b: (MyInt, ghost MyInt, ghost MyInt))
       requires a.1 < 0x7fff_ffff
       ensures b.0 == a.1 + 1
-    static method {:extern} NoWrapper(a: ErasableWrapper) returns (b: ErasableWrapper)
+    static method {:axiom} {:extern} NoWrapper(a: ErasableWrapper) returns (b: ErasableWrapper)
       requires a.x < 0x7fff_ffff
       ensures b.x == a.x + 1
-    static method {:extern} GhostWrapper(a: Ghost<MyInt>) returns (b: Ghost<MyInt>)
+    static method {:axiom} {:extern} GhostWrapper(a: Ghost<MyInt>) returns (b: Ghost<MyInt>)
       requires a.Something? && a.x < 0x7fff_ffff
       ensures b.Something? && b.x == a.x + 1
   }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ExternDLL.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ExternDLL.dfy
index 08c53152e67..f7b370db2cd 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ExternDLL.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ExternDLL.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %baredafny build --target=cs %args "%s" %S/ExternDLL2.cs %S/ExternHelloLibrary.dll > "%t"
+// RUN: %baredafny build --target=cs %args --allow-external-contracts "%s" %S/ExternDLL2.cs %S/ExternHelloLibrary.dll > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
 method Main() {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ExternJavaString.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ExternJavaString.dfy
index a051bb27b5c..c12e701c271 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ExternJavaString.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ExternJavaString.dfy
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ class {:extern "java.lang.String"} JavaString {
 
 // Note, the following has to be a method, not a function, because the reference it
 // returns is not determined functionally from the input argument.
-method {:extern "Util.Conversions", "ToJavaString"} ToJavaString(s: string) returns (js: JavaString)
+method {:axiom} {:extern "Util.Conversions", "ToJavaString"} ToJavaString(s: string) returns (js: JavaString)
   ensures js.value == s
 
 // The conversion this way can be a function.
-function {:extern "dafny.DafnySequence", "asUnicodeString"} ToDafnyString(js: JavaString): string
+function {:axiom} {:extern "dafny.DafnySequence", "asUnicodeString"} ToDafnyString(js: JavaString): string
   ensures ToDafnyString(js) == js.value
 
-method {:extern "dafny.ExternJavaString", "getStringFromFile"} GetStringFromFile() returns (js: JavaString)
+method {:axiom} {:extern "dafny.ExternJavaString", "getStringFromFile"} GetStringFromFile() returns (js: JavaString)
 
 method Main() {
   var js := GetStringFromFile();
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ForLoops-Compilation.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ForLoops-Compilation.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c17262a423d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ForLoops-Compilation.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>ForLoops</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Forall.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Forall.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Forall.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ForallNewSyntax.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ForallNewSyntax.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/ForallNewSyntax.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy
index 0f1d5f4004f..9bd1467a018 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --relax-definite-assignment --type-system-refresh --general-newtypes
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --relax-definite-assignment --type-system-refresh=true --general-newtypes=true
 
 method Main() {
   Numerics.Test();
@@ -11,6 +11,10 @@ method Main() {
   SubsetTypeIsTests.Test();
   NewtypeIsTests.Test();
   NewBehaviors.Test();
+  TypeParameters.Test();
+  AutoInit.Test();
+  RefinementB.Test(2.0, 3.0);
+  SimpleNewtypeWitness.Test();
 }
 
 module Numerics {
@@ -580,3 +584,78 @@ module NewBehaviors {
     print mIs, " ", mAs, " ", w0, " ", w1, "\n"; // true false true false
   }
 }
+
+module TypeParameters {
+  newtype Wrapper<G> = g: G | true witness *
+  newtype int32 = x: int | -0x8000_0000 <= x < 0x8000_0000
+
+  method Test() {
+    var b: Wrapper<bool>;
+    b := true ==> false;
+    var i: Wrapper<Wrapper<int>>;
+    i := Wrap3(25) as Wrapper<Wrapper<int>>;
+    var j: Wrapper<Wrapper<Wrapper<int32>>>;
+    j := Wrap3(30);
+    print b, " ", i, " ", j, "\n"; // false 25 30
+
+    print Unwrap3(j) < 2, " "; // false
+    print Unwrap3(j) < 32, " | "; // true |
+    var w: int32 := 299;
+    b := Unwrap3(j) < w;
+    print b, "\n"; // true
+  }
+
+  function Wrap3(x: int32): Wrapper<Wrapper<Wrapper<int32>>> {
+    x as Wrapper<int32> as Wrapper<Wrapper<int32>> as Wrapper<Wrapper<Wrapper<int32>>>
+  }
+
+  function Unwrap3(x: Wrapper<Wrapper<Wrapper<int32>>>): int32 {
+    x as Wrapper<Wrapper<int32>> as Wrapper<int32> as int32
+  }
+}
+
+module AutoInit {
+  newtype A<Unused> = x: int | 5 <= x witness 5
+  newtype B<Unused> = z: real | true
+  newtype Int32<Unused> = x | -0x8000_0000 <= x < 0x8000_0000 witness 7
+
+  newtype pos = x: int | 0 < x witness 19
+
+  method TestOne<X(0)>() {
+    var x: X := *;
+    print x, "\n";
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    TestOne<A<pos>>(); // 5
+    TestOne<B<pos>>(); // 0.0
+    TestOne<Int32<pos>>(); // 7
+  }
+}
+
+abstract module RefinementA {
+  type AbstractType
+  newtype NAT = AbstractType witness *
+  newtype NATx = x: AbstractType | true witness *
+
+  method Test(n: NAT, nx: NATx) {
+    print n, " ", nx, "\n";
+  }
+}
+
+module RefinementB refines RefinementA {
+  type AbstractType = real
+}
+
+module SimpleNewtypeWitness {
+  newtype A = x: int | 100 <= x witness 102
+  newtype B = a: A | true witness 103
+  newtype C = A witness 104
+
+  method Test() {
+    var a: A := *;
+    var b: B := *;
+    var c: C := *;
+    print a, " ", b, " ", c, "\n"; // 102 103 104
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy.expect
index 5ef914b2c22..50bff3e3a2e 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy.expect
@@ -59,3 +59,10 @@ done
  true true false false true false false false false
 done
 true false true false
+false 25 30
+false true | true
+5
+0.0
+7
+2.0 3.0
+102 103 104
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/GeneralNewtypes.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Iterators.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Iterators.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f4be69b267
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Iterators.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Builder not StatementContainer</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/JsModule.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/JsModule.dfy
index 3a2cb649cbb..5cfa15e4d69 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/JsModule.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/JsModule.dfy
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ module {:extern "url", "url"} URL {
     var search: string
   }
   // Note that passing a Dafny string directly as a JS string only works in --unicode-char false mode
-  method {:extern "parse"} Parse(address: string, b: bool) returns (u: Url)
+  method {:axiom} {:extern "parse"} Parse(address: string, b: bool) returns (u: Url)
 }
 
 method Main() {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Let.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Let.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Let.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Libraries/consumer.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Libraries/consumer.dfy
index 45bc8e4a225..8603e432373 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Libraries/consumer.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Libraries/consumer.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %translate cs --library "%S/Inputs/directLibrary.dfy" --library "%S/Inputs/secondLibrary.dfy" "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %translate cs --allow-warnings --library "%S/Inputs/directLibrary.dfy" --library "%S/Inputs/secondLibrary.dfy" "%s" > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 // RUN: %OutputCheck "%s" --file-to-check="%S/consumer.cs"
 // CHECK: GloballyUniqueProducer
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Libraries/consumer.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Libraries/consumer.dfy.expect
index 012f5b99379..6908abf6374 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Libraries/consumer.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Libraries/consumer.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+CLI: Warning: The file 'directLibrary.dfy' was passed to --library. Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used
+CLI: Warning: The file 'secondLibrary.dfy' was passed to --library. Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/MoreAutoInit.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/MoreAutoInit.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7ba64d0e832
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/MoreAutoInit.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Coercion</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/NativeNumbers.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/NativeNumbers.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/NativeNumbers.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/NestedArrays.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/NestedArrays.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..45a237e6339
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/NestedArrays.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: cannot add `nat` to `BigInt`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Numbers.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Numbers.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fbb03b77111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Numbers.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Poly.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Poly.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Poly.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/StaticMembersOfGenericTypes.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/StaticMembersOfGenericTypes.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c4268a75ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/StaticMembersOfGenericTypes.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Expected a buffered value to have been populated because rhs != null
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/TailRecursion.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/TailRecursion.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d131d585c89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/TailRecursion.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type\ name\ for\ ORDINAL\ \(Microsoft_dDafny_dBigOrdinalType\)</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/TypeDescriptors.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/TypeDescriptors.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d131d585c89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/TypeDescriptors.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type\ name\ for\ ORDINAL\ \(Microsoft_dDafny_dBigOrdinalType\)</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/TypeParams.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/TypeParams.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c4268a75ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/TypeParams.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Expected a buffered value to have been populated because rhs != null
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/UnicodeStrings.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/UnicodeStrings.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d2d31cd8d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/UnicodeStrings.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Unsupported:\ Cannot\ emit\ literal\ expression\ 0\ outside\ of\ expression\ context:\ Microsoft_dDafny_dCompilers_dBuilderSyntaxTree'1\[Microsoft_dDafny_dCompilers_dStatementContainer]</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Uninitialized.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Uninitialized.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..158d9484360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Uninitialized.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>QuantifierExpr</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/UnoptimizedErasableTypeWrappers.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/UnoptimizedErasableTypeWrappers.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..13112028fd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/UnoptimizedErasableTypeWrappers.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0609]: no field `0` on type `DafnyInt`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Variance.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Variance.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Variance.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Various.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Various.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/Various.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/compile1verbose/CompileAndThenRun.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/compile1verbose/CompileAndThenRun.dfy.expect
index ce6eb176e3d..e6db659bdd6 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/compile1verbose/CompileAndThenRun.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/compile1verbose/CompileAndThenRun.dfy.expect
@@ -5,97 +5,102 @@ hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to CompileAndThenRun.js
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-js.dtr
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to CompileAndThenRun-go/src/CompileAndThenRun.go
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-go/src/dafny/dafny.go
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-go/src/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-go/src/System_/System_.go
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-go/src/CompileAndThenRun-go.dtr
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-go/src/dafny/dafny.go
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-go/src/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-go/src/System_/System_.go
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to CompileAndThenRun-java/CompileAndThenRun.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/BigOrdinal.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/BigRational.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/CodePoint.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnyEuclidean.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnyHaltException.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnyMap.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnyMultiset.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnySequence.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnySet.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Helpers.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/TypeDescriptor.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array1.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array10.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array11.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array12.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array13.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array14.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array15.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array16.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array2.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array3.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array4.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array5.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array6.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array7.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array8.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array9.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function0.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function1.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function10.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function11.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function12.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function13.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function14.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function15.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function16.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function2.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function3.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function4.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function5.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function6.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function7.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function8.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function9.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple0.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple1.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple10.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple11.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple12.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple13.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple14.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple15.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple16.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple17.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple18.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple19.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple2.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple20.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple3.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple4.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple5.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple6.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple7.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple8.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple9.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/_System/nat.java
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-java/_System/__default.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/CompileAndThenRun-java.dtr
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/BigOrdinal.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/BigRational.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/CodePoint.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnyEuclidean.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnyHaltException.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnyMap.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnyMultiset.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnySequence.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/DafnySet.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Helpers.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/TypeDescriptor.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array1.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array10.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array11.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array12.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array13.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array14.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array15.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array16.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array2.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array3.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array4.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array5.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array6.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array7.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array8.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Array9.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function0.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function1.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function10.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function11.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function12.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function13.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function14.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function15.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function16.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function2.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function3.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function4.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function5.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function6.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function7.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function8.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Function9.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple0.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple1.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple10.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple11.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple12.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple13.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple14.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple15.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple16.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple17.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple18.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple19.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple2.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple20.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple3.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple4.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple5.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple6.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple7.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple8.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/dafny/Tuple9.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/_System/nat.java
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-java/_System/__default.java
 Wrote executable jar CompileAndThenRun.jar
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to CompileAndThenRun.cpp
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun.h
-Additional target code written to DafnyRuntime.h
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-cpp.dtr
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun.h
+Additional output written to DafnyRuntime.h
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to CompileAndThenRun-py/__main__.py
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-py/System_.py
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-py/_dafny.py
-Additional target code written to CompileAndThenRun-py/module_.py
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-py/CompileAndThenRun-py.dtr
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-py/System_.py
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-py/_dafny.py
+Additional output written to CompileAndThenRun-py/module_.py
 hello, Dafny
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/compile3/JustRun.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/compile3/JustRun.dfy.expect
index 6a44bc98d33..9a175e6acda 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/compile3/JustRun.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/compile3/JustRun.dfy.expect
@@ -12,83 +12,85 @@ hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to JustRun-go/src/JustRun.go
-Additional target code written to JustRun-go/src/dafny/dafny.go
-Additional target code written to JustRun-go/src/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
-Additional target code written to JustRun-go/src/System_/System_.go
+Additional output written to JustRun-go/src/JustRun-go.dtr
+Additional output written to JustRun-go/src/dafny/dafny.go
+Additional output written to JustRun-go/src/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
+Additional output written to JustRun-go/src/System_/System_.go
 Running...
 
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to JustRun-java/JustRun.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/BigOrdinal.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/BigRational.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/CodePoint.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnyEuclidean.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnyHaltException.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnyMap.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnyMultiset.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnySequence.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnySet.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Helpers.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/TypeDescriptor.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array1.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array10.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array11.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array12.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array13.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array14.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array15.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array16.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array2.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array3.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array4.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array5.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array6.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array7.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array8.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array9.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function0.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function1.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function10.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function11.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function12.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function13.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function14.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function15.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function16.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function2.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function3.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function4.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function5.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function6.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function7.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function8.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function9.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple0.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple1.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple10.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple11.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple12.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple13.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple14.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple15.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple16.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple17.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple18.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple19.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple2.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple20.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple3.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple4.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple5.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple6.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple7.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple8.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple9.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/_System/nat.java
-Additional target code written to JustRun-java/_System/__default.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/JustRun-java.dtr
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/BigOrdinal.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/BigRational.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/CodePoint.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnyEuclidean.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnyHaltException.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnyMap.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnyMultiset.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnySequence.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/DafnySet.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Helpers.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/TypeDescriptor.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array1.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array10.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array11.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array12.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array13.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array14.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array15.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array16.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array2.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array3.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array4.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array5.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array6.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array7.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array8.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Array9.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function0.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function1.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function10.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function11.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function12.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function13.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function14.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function15.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function16.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function2.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function3.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function4.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function5.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function6.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function7.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function8.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Function9.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple0.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple1.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple10.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple11.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple12.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple13.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple14.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple15.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple16.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple17.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple18.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple19.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple2.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple20.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple3.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple4.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple5.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple6.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple7.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple8.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/dafny/Tuple9.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/_System/nat.java
+Additional output written to JustRun-java/_System/__default.java
 Wrote executable jar JustRun.jar
 Running...
 
@@ -96,17 +98,19 @@ hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to JustRun.cpp
-Additional target code written to JustRun.h
-Additional target code written to DafnyRuntime.h
+Additional output written to JustRun-cpp.dtr
+Additional output written to JustRun.h
+Additional output written to DafnyRuntime.h
 Running...
 
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to JustRun-py/__main__.py
-Additional target code written to JustRun-py/System_.py
-Additional target code written to JustRun-py/_dafny.py
-Additional target code written to JustRun-py/module_.py
+Additional output written to JustRun-py/JustRun-py.dtr
+Additional output written to JustRun-py/System_.py
+Additional output written to JustRun-py/_dafny.py
+Additional output written to JustRun-py/module_.py
 Running...
 
 hello, Dafny
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/4_Calls-FunctionsValues-Class+NT.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/4_Calls-FunctionsValues-Class+NT.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a0f83900f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/4_Calls-FunctionsValues-Class+NT.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: (0,-1): Error: Feature not supported for this compilation target: The /runAllTests option
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/6_Calls-VariableCapture.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/6_Calls-VariableCapture.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3af9b33776f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/6_Calls-VariableCapture.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>SubtypeConstraintsInQuantifiers</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/7_Arrays.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/7_Arrays.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3d586af71fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/7_Arrays.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0061]: this function takes 1 argument but 0 arguments were supplied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/7_Dt_Algebraic.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/7_Dt_Algebraic.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9be48cfdfeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/firstSteps/7_Dt_Algebraic.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitDatatypeBoundedPool</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/manualcompile/ManualCompile.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/manualcompile/ManualCompile.dfy.expect
index 5fb4df5cbc3..4c7fa20c8bb 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/manualcompile/ManualCompile.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/manualcompile/ManualCompile.dfy.expect
@@ -1,100 +1,106 @@
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to ManualCompile.cs
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-cs.dtr
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to ManualCompile.js
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-js.dtr
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to ManualCompile-go/src/ManualCompile.go
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-go/src/dafny/dafny.go
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-go/src/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-go/src/System_/System_.go
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-go/src/ManualCompile-go.dtr
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-go/src/dafny/dafny.go
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-go/src/dafny/dafnyFromDafny.go
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-go/src/System_/System_.go
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to ManualCompile-java/ManualCompile.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/BigOrdinal.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/BigRational.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/CodePoint.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnyEuclidean.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnyHaltException.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnyMap.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnyMultiset.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnySequence.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnySet.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Helpers.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/TypeDescriptor.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array1.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array10.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array11.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array12.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array13.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array14.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array15.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array16.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array2.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array3.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array4.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array5.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array6.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array7.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array8.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array9.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function0.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function1.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function10.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function11.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function12.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function13.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function14.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function15.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function16.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function2.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function3.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function4.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function5.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function6.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function7.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function8.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function9.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple0.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple1.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple10.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple11.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple12.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple13.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple14.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple15.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple16.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple17.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple18.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple19.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple2.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple20.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple3.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple4.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple5.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple6.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple7.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple8.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple9.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/_System/nat.java
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-java/_System/__default.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/ManualCompile-java.dtr
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/BigOrdinal.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/BigRational.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/CodePoint.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnyEuclidean.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnyHaltException.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnyMap.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnyMultiset.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnySequence.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/DafnySet.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Helpers.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/TypeDescriptor.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array1.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array10.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array11.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array12.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array13.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array14.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array15.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array16.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array2.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array3.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array4.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array5.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array6.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array7.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array8.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Array9.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function0.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function1.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function10.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function11.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function12.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function13.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function14.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function15.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function16.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function2.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function3.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function4.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function5.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function6.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function7.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function8.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Function9.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple0.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple1.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple10.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple11.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple12.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple13.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple14.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple15.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple16.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple17.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple18.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple19.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple2.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple20.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple3.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple4.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple5.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple6.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple7.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple8.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/dafny/Tuple9.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/_System/nat.java
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-java/_System/__default.java
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to ManualCompile.cpp
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile.h
-Additional target code written to DafnyRuntime.h
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-cpp.dtr
+Additional output written to ManualCompile.h
+Additional output written to DafnyRuntime.h
 hello, Dafny
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 Wrote textual form of target program to ManualCompile-py/__main__.py
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-py/System_.py
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-py/_dafny.py
-Additional target code written to ManualCompile-py/module_.py
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-py/ManualCompile-py.dtr
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-py/System_.py
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-py/_dafny.py
+Additional output written to ManualCompile-py/module_.py
 hello, Dafny
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/complex/Inputs/randomCSharp.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/complex/Inputs/randomCSharp.dfy
index 8760c6dadbe..697b66ea9dd 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/complex/Inputs/randomCSharp.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/complex/Inputs/randomCSharp.dfy
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ module Interop {
   import opened CSharpSystem
   import opened Std.Wrappers
   
-  function {:extern} IntToInt32(value: int): Option<Int32>
+  function {:axiom} {:extern} IntToInt32(value: int): Option<Int32>
     ensures var r := IntToInt32(value); 
       if value <= Int32.MaxValue.value 
         then r.Some? && r.Extract().value == value
         else r.None?
     
-  function {:extern} Int32ToInt(value: Int32): int
+  function {:axiom} {:extern} Int32ToInt(value: Int32): int
     ensures Int32ToInt(value) == value.value
 }
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ module {:extern "System"} CSharpSystem {
   class {:extern "Random" } Random {
     constructor {:extern} () { }
     
-    method {:extern} Next(minValue: Int32, maxValue: Int32) returns (r: Int32)
+    method {:axiom} {:extern} Next(minValue: Int32, maxValue: Int32) returns (r: Int32)
       ensures minValue.value <= r.value && r.value < maxValue.value
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/complex/Inputs/randomJava.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/complex/Inputs/randomJava.dfy
index c717d397dbb..ebf8b4f4718 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/complex/Inputs/randomJava.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/complex/Inputs/randomJava.dfy
@@ -21,16 +21,16 @@ module Interop {
   
   const int32MaxValue := 2147483647
   
-  function {:extern} IntToInt32(value: int): Option<Integer>
+  function {:axiom} {:extern} IntToInt32(value: int): Option<Integer>
     ensures var r := IntToInt32(value); 
       if value <= int32MaxValue 
         then r.Some? && r.Extract().value == value
         else r.None?
     
-  function {:extern} Int32ToInt(value: Integer): int
+  function {:axiom} {:extern} Int32ToInt(value: Integer): int
     ensures Int32ToInt(value) == value.value
   
-  function {:extern} IntegerMaxValue(): Integer
+  function {:axiom} {:extern} IntegerMaxValue(): Integer
     ensures IntegerMaxValue().value == int32MaxValue
 }
   
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ module {:extern "java.util"} JavaRest {
   class {:extern "Random" } JavaRandom {
     constructor {:extern} () { }
     
-    method {:extern "nextInt"} Next(bound: Integer) returns (r: Integer)
+    method {:axiom} {:extern "nextInt"} Next(bound: Integer) returns (r: Integer)
       ensures 0 <= r.value && r.value < bound.value
   }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/externErrors.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/externErrors.dfy
index 5a30d0a7bbd..84c649de9a6 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/externErrors.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/replaceables/externErrors.dfy
@@ -2,29 +2,29 @@
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
 replaceable module {:extern "FooNameOverride"} Foo {
-  method {:extern "ZazOverride1"} Zaz() returns (i: int) 
+  method {:axiom} {:extern "ZazOverride1"} Zaz() returns (i: int) 
     ensures i >= 2
 
-  method {:extern "ZapOverride1"} Zap() returns (i: int) 
+  method {:axiom} {:extern "ZapOverride1"} Zap() returns (i: int) 
     ensures i >= 2
 }
 
 module {:extern "BarNameOverride1"} TwoErrors replaces Foo { 
   // missing error
-  method {:extern "BarNameOverride2", "ZazOverride2"} Zaz() returns (i: int) 
+  method {:axiom} {:extern "BarNameOverride2", "ZazOverride2"} Zaz() returns (i: int) 
     ensures i >= 2
 
   // missing error
-  method {:extern "ZapOverride2"} Zap() returns (i: int) 
+  method {:axiom} {:extern "ZapOverride2"} Zap() returns (i: int) 
     ensures i >= 2
 }
 
 replaceable module {:extern "FaaNameOverride"} Faa {
-  method {:extern "ZazOverride1"} Zaz() returns (i: int) 
+  method {:axiom} {:extern "ZazOverride1"} Zaz() returns (i: int) 
     ensures i >= 2
 }
 
 module {:extern} NoErrors replaces Faa { 
-  method {:extern} Zaz() returns (i: int) 
+  method {:axiom} {:extern} Zaz() returns (i: int) 
     ensures i >= 2
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/arrays.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/arrays.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f11c241c18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/arrays.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module Origin.Imported {
+  trait {:termination false} SuperTrait {
+    method X()
+  }
+}
+module Importing {
+  import Origin.Imported
+  class TheClass extends Imported.SuperTrait {
+    var x: int
+    constructor() {
+      x := 0;
+    }
+    method X() {
+      print "ok";
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+newtype Index = x: int | 0 <= x < 3
+method Main() {
+  var dummy := new Importing.TheClass();
+  dummy.X();
+  var intWrappers := new Importing.TheClass[3]((i: int) requires 0 <= i < 3 => dummy);
+  var intWrappers2 := new Importing.TheClass[3, 3]((i: int, j: int)
+    reads intWrappers requires 0 <= i < 3 => intWrappers[i]);
+  var index := 1 as Index;
+  expect intWrappers[index] == intWrappers2[1, 1];
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/arrays.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/arrays.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2f22d47cee8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/arrays.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 0 errors
+ok
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/autoinit.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/autoinit.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aae1bce74e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/autoinit.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Can't create class instances without constructors as Rust does not support Dafny defaults since subset types are erased
+// RUN: %exits-with 3 %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+class Test<T(0)> {
+  var x: T
+}
+
+type Positive = x: int | x > 0 witness 1
+
+method Main() {
+  var x: Test := new Test<Positive>;
+  print x.x, "\n";
+  if x.x == 0 {
+    assert false;
+    expect false;
+  }
+  x.x := 2;
+  expect x.x == 2;
+}
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/autoinit.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/autoinit.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..37c2ed71ea8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/autoinit.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
+(0,-1): Error: Microsoft.Dafny.UnsupportedInvalidOperationException: Creation of object of type Test<Positive> requires a constructor
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/borrowing.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/borrowing.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e9759a8df57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/borrowing.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs --emit-uncompilable-code "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+newtype U8 = x: int | 0 <= x <= 255
+
+datatype Test = Test() {
+  predicate At(x: U8) {
+    true
+  }
+}
+
+/* Converts a sequence to a set. */
+function {:opaque} ToSet<T>(xs: seq<T>): set<T>
+{
+  set x: T | x in xs
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  var z := Test().At(0);
+  var x := ["abc", "def", "abc"];
+  var w := ToSet(x);
+  expect |w| == 2;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/borrowing.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/borrowing.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ebe2328e072
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/borrowing.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/bymethod.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/bymethod.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..913b7d42298
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/bymethod.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+
+abstract module ReverseHolder {
+  newtype U8 = x: int | 0 <= x < 256
+  type U8Seq = seq<U8>
+  type WellFormedSequence = s: U8Seq | |s| == 0 || |s| != 0 witness []
+
+  function Reverse(vs: seq<U8>): (s: WellFormedSequence) {
+    if |vs| == 0 then [] else
+    Reverse(vs[1..]) + [vs[0]]
+  } by method {
+    s := [];
+    assert vs == vs[0..|vs|];
+    for i := |vs| downto 0
+      invariant s == Reverse(vs[i..])
+    {
+      s := s + [vs[i]];
+    }
+  }
+}
+module Reverser refines ReverseHolder {
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  expect Reverser.Reverse([1, 2]) == [2, 1];
+  print "Everything ok";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/bymethod.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/bymethod.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..585ba6c28b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/bymethod.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 8 verified, 0 errors
+Everything ok
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..be2eee7921d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Test of cargo test to support Dafny tests
+// RUN: %baredafny build --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %exits-with 101 "%S/cargotest-rust/cargo" test >> "%t"
+// RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%t" "%S/cargotest1.check"
+// RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%t" "%S/cargotest2.check"
+// RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%t" "%S/cargotest3.check"
+// RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%S/cargotest-rust/src/cargotest.rs" "%S/cargotestoutput.check"
+
+module {:rust_cfg_test} Tests {
+  method {:test} TestFail1() {
+    expect true == false;
+  }
+
+  method {:test} TestFail2() {
+    expect false == true;
+  }
+
+  method {:test} TestSucceed3() {
+    expect true == true;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest1.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest1.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d5ad83a98a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest1.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: test Tests::TestFail1 ... FAILED
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest2.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest2.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..932619e778b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest2.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: test Tests::TestFail2 ... FAILED
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest3.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest3.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..10d9d0f1dc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotest3.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: test Tests::TestSucceed3 ... ok
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotestoutput.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotestoutput.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b60de400f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/cargotestoutput.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: #[cfg(test)]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/classes.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/classes.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6086f7a6b19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/classes.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs --raw-pointers "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+class Y {
+  var c: int
+  ghost var Repr: set<object>
+  constructor(c: int) ensures this.c == c {
+    this.c := c;
+    this.Repr := {this};
+  }
+
+  constructor Two() ensures c == 2 {
+    this.c := 2;
+    this.Repr := {this};
+  }
+}
+
+datatype FunWrap<!T, +R> = FunWrap(
+  fn: int -> Tuple2<T, R>)
+
+datatype Tuple2<+A, +B> = Tuple2(A, B)
+method Main() {
+  var x := new Y(3);
+  var y := new Y.Two();
+  expect x.c == 3;
+  expect y.c == 2;
+  var z := ([1], [2]);
+  var w := z.0;
+  var fw := FunWrap<Y, Y>.FunWrap((z: int) => Tuple2(x, y));
+  var fx: FunWrap<Y, object> := fw;
+  print "Everything is ok.";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/classes.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/classes.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..839df7554a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/classes.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 0 errors
+Everything is ok.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/constants.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/constants.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aa003792960
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/constants.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Tests that references to function constants are eta-expanded with an additional call and type annotations in Rust backend
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+const f: int -> int := x => x
+const g: int -> int := f
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/constants.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/constants.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..012f5b99379
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/constants.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/continue.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/continue.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f964dbdb778
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/continue.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs --raw-pointers "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method Main() {
+  var valuesArray := new int[8](i => i);
+  var values1a := valuesArray[1..];
+  expect values1a == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7];
+  var values1b := valuesArray[..7];
+  expect values1b == [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6];
+  var values1c := valuesArray[..];
+  expect values1c == [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7];
+  var values1 := valuesArray[1..8];
+  expect values1 == values1a;
+  var values2 := values1[1..];
+  expect values2 == [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7];
+  var values3 := values1[..5];
+  expect values3 == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
+  var values4 := values1[..];
+  expect values4 == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7];
+  var values := values1[0..6];
+  expect values == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6];
+  var acc := 0;
+  for i := 0 to |values|
+  {
+    if values[i] % 3 == 0 {
+      acc := acc + 3;
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (5 <= values[i]) == true {
+       break;
+    }
+    acc := acc + values[i];
+  }
+  print acc, "\n";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/continue.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/continue.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aef9e05f0b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/continue.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
+10
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/conversions.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/conversions.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a655ada01ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/conversions.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+newtype Uint8 = x: int | 0 <= x < 256
+
+datatype Option<T> = Some(value: T) | None {
+  predicate IsFailure() {
+    None?
+  }
+  function PropagateFailure<U>(): Option<U> {
+    None
+  }
+  function Extract(): T
+    requires !IsFailure() {
+    value
+  }
+  method ExtractMethod() returns (r: T)
+    requires !IsFailure() {
+    return value;
+  }
+}
+
+method TestCompile(input: Option<Uint8>) returns (output: Option<Uint8>) {
+  var middle :- input;
+  var middleMethod := Some(middle).ExtractMethod();
+  return None;
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  var x: Uint8 := 2;
+  // Correct rendering of expressions that can interpret the first '<' as a generic argument
+  var y: bv16 := (x as bv16) << 2;
+  expect y == 8;
+  expect (x as bv16) < 3;
+  expect (x as bv16) <= 3;
+  print "Everything is ok.";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/conversions.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/conversions.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ce38ef0ce55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/conversions.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 5 verified, 0 errors
+Everything is ok.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-impl.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-impl.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..643a2592ec0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-impl.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Tests generation of print, and equality in Rust for function / non-(==) type members
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype F = F(i: nat, f: int -> int)
+datatype X<A> = X(x: A)
+
+method Main()
+{
+  print X(3) == X(3), "\n",
+        F(3, x => x), "\n";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-impl.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-impl.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1112fa4d900
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-impl.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
+true
+F.F(3, <function>)
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-scoping.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-scoping.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4bde1628787
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-scoping.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Tests that datatype members like hash do not shadow those generated by Rust backend
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype Loop = Loop(loop: Loop) | Point() {
+  function hash(): string {
+    "uh-oh!"
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-scoping.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-scoping.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..012f5b99379
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes-scoping.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f89e6a2c2fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Demonstration of the use of the external Rust Option<> type
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module {:compile false} {:extern "std"} RustStd {
+  // Define the Rust option type
+  datatype {:extern "option::Option"} {:compile false} {:rust_rc false} Option<T> =
+    Some({:extern "0"} {:extern_extract "unwrap"} value: T) | None {
+  }
+}
+
+module RustStdCompare {
+  // Define the Rust option type
+  datatype {:rust_rc false} Option<T> =
+    Some({:extern "0"} {:extern_extract "unwrap"} value: T) | None {
+  }
+}
+
+module DatatypeTests {
+  import opened RustStd
+  import RustStdCompare
+
+  newtype u8 = x: int | 0 <= x < 255
+
+  // Raw Rust enum
+  datatype {:rust_rc false} NoArg = OptionA | OptionB | OptionC
+
+  // Raw Rust enum
+  datatype {:rust_rc false} AlmostOption = Nothing | ThereItIs(u: u8) {
+    static function default(): AlmostOption {
+      ThereItIs(0 as u8)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Raw Rust enum
+  datatype {:rust_rc false} AlmostOptionWrapper = StillNothing | AlmostThere(u: AlmostOption)  
+
+  // Raw Rust enum
+  datatype {:rust_rc false} GenericOption<T> = GenericNothing | GenericSome(value: T)  
+
+  // Putting {:rust_rc false} would create a compilation issue because there should be an indirection
+  datatype Peano = Zero | One(p: Peano)
+
+  // Raw Rust struct
+  datatype {:rust_rc false} Struct = StructConstructor(a: u8, b: bool) {
+    function BTrue(): Struct {
+      if b then this else this.(b := true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Raw Rust enum
+  datatype {:rust_rc false} Multiple =
+    | ConstructorA(a: u8)
+    | ConstructorB(b: bool)
+    | ConstructorAB(a: u8, b: bool)
+  {
+    function Gather(other: Multiple): Multiple {
+      match this {
+        case ConstructorAB(a, b) => this
+        case ConstructorA(a) =>
+          if other.ConstructorB? then
+            ConstructorAB(a, other.b)
+          else
+            this
+        case ConstructorB(b) =>
+          if other.ConstructorA? then
+            ConstructorAB(other.a, b)
+          else
+            this
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Rc-wrapped Rust struct
+  datatype RcStruct = RcStructConstructor(a: u8, b: bool) {
+    function BTrue(): RcStruct {
+      if b then this else this.(b := true)
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Rc-wrapped Rust enum
+  datatype RcMultiple =
+    | RcConstructorA(a: u8)
+    | RcConstructorB(b: bool)
+    | RcConstructorAB(a: u8, b: bool)
+  {
+    function Gather(other: RcMultiple): RcMultiple {
+      if RcConstructorAB? then this
+      else if RcConstructorA? then
+        if other.RcConstructorB? then
+          RcConstructorAB(a, other.b)
+        else
+          this
+      else if RcConstructorB? then
+        if other.RcConstructorA? then
+          RcConstructorAB(other.a, b)
+        else
+          this
+      else
+        this
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Rc-wrapped struct
+  datatype Recursive = Recursive(head: int, tail: Option<Recursive>)
+
+  method PrintOption(o: Option<u8>) {
+    match o {
+      case Some(u) => print u, "\n";
+      case None => print "None\n";
+    }
+  }
+
+  method Main() {
+    var n: NoArg := OptionA;
+    n := OptionB;
+    expect !n.OptionC?;
+
+    var d: AlmostOption := Nothing;
+    d := ThereItIs(4 as u8);
+
+    var p: Peano := Zero;
+    p := One(p);
+    var q: Peano := p;
+    p := One(p);
+    q := One(q);
+    expect p == q;
+
+    var c := ConstructorA(0); // Raw struct creation
+    c := c.(a := 2);  // Since the variable is the same and c owns the value, we can update in place.
+    c := c.Gather(ConstructorA(1)); // Ignored
+    expect c.ConstructorA? && !c.ConstructorB? && !c.ConstructorAB?;
+    expect c.a == 2;
+    c := c.Gather(ConstructorB(true));
+    expect c.ConstructorAB? && !c.ConstructorA? && !c.ConstructorB?;
+    expect c.a == 2 && c.b;
+    var a := StructConstructor(1, false);
+    expect a.BTrue() == StructConstructor(1, true);
+
+    var c2 := RcConstructorA(0); // Raw struct creation
+    c2 := c2.(a := 2);  // Since the variable is the same and c owns the value, we can update in place.
+    c2 := c2.Gather(RcConstructorA(1)); // Ignored
+    expect c2.RcConstructorA? && !c2.RcConstructorB? && !c2.RcConstructorAB?;
+    c2 := c2.Gather(RcConstructorB(true));
+    expect c2.RcConstructorAB? && !c2.RcConstructorA? && !c2.RcConstructorB?;
+    var rc_a := RcStructConstructor(1, false);
+    expect rc_a.BTrue() == RcStructConstructor(1, true);
+
+    var r := Recursive(0, None);
+    r := Recursive(1, Some(r));
+    print r, "\n"; // Recursive(1, Some(Recursive(0, None)))
+    
+    // Interfacing with native types
+    var x := Some(3 as u8);
+    var u := x.value;
+    expect u == 3;
+    match x {
+      case Some(i) =>
+        expect i == 3;
+    }
+    expect x.value == 3;
+    PrintOption(x);
+    PrintOption(None);
+    print x, "\n";
+    var no: Option<u8> := None;
+    print no, "\n";
+
+    var homeMadeOption := RustStdCompare.Some(3);
+    if homeMadeOption.Some? {
+      print homeMadeOption.value, "\n";
+    }
+    homeMadeOption := RustStdCompare.None;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..30316b1512f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/datatypes.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 5 verified, 0 errors
+DatatypeTests.Recursive.Recursive(1, DatatypeTests.Recursive.Recursive(0, null))
+3
+None
+3
+null
+3
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/elephant.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/elephant.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ec117b68b5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/elephant.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Tests generation of elephant assignment to shadowed variable
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype Option = Some(value: string) | None() {
+  function IsFailure(): bool { None? }
+  function PropagateFailure(): Option
+    requires IsFailure()
+  { None() }
+  function Extract(): string
+    requires !IsFailure()
+  { value }
+}
+
+function Foo(j: int): Option {
+  Some("foo")
+}
+
+method Test1(j: int) returns (o: Option) {
+  var j :- Foo(j);
+  return Some(j);
+}
+
+method Test2(j: int) returns (o: Option) {
+  var s := "";
+  s :- Foo(j);
+  return Some(s);
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  var o := Test1(0);
+  expect o == Some("foo");
+  o := Test2(0);
+  expect o == Some("foo");
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/elephant.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/elephant.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ba00363fc08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/elephant.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 4 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses-errors.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses-errors.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ebec1203fcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses-errors.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %exits-with 3 %baredafny run --target=rs --input "%S/externalclasses.rs" "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module {:extern} ExternalClassContainer {
+  method {:extern} Test() returns (i: int)
+  trait GetValueHolder {
+    function GetValue(): int
+    function GetValue2(): int
+  }
+
+  class {:extern} ExternalPartialClass extends GetValueHolder {
+    constructor {:extern} ()
+    function {:extern} GetValue(): int // Error
+    function GetValue2(): int {
+      1
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  var c := new ExternalClassContainer.ExternalPartialClass();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses-errors.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses-errors.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5a1931fc905
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses-errors.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 0 errors
+(0,-1): Error: Microsoft.Dafny.UnsupportedInvalidOperationException: Error: In the class ExternalClassContainer.ExternalPartialClass, some proper methods of crate::ExternalClassContainer::GetValueHolder are marked {:extern} and some are not. For the Rust compiler, please make all methods (GetValue, GetValue2)  bodiless and mark as {:extern} and implement them in a Rust file, or mark none of them as {:extern} and implement them in Dafny. Alternatively, you can insert an intermediate trait that performs the partial implementation if feasible.
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c6d50772615
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs --input "%S/externalclasses.rs" "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module {:extern "External.Class.Container"} ExternalClassContainer {
+  class {:extern} ExternalClass {
+    constructor {:extern} (i: int)
+  }
+  method {:extern} Test() returns (i: int)
+  trait GetValueHolder {
+    function GetValue(): int
+  }
+
+  class {:extern} ExternalPartialClass extends GetValueHolder {
+    constructor {:extern} ()
+    function {:extern} GetValue(): int
+    method Print() {
+      print GetValue();
+    }
+  }
+  class {:extern} ExternalPartialClass2 extends GetValueHolder {
+    constructor {:extern} ()
+    function GetValue(): int {
+      2
+    }
+    method Print() {
+      print GetValue();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module Dafny.FileIO {
+  method ReadBytesFromFile(path: string) returns (res: string) {
+    res := INTERNAL_ReadBytesFromFile(path);
+    INTERNAL_WriteBytesToFile(path, res);
+  }
+
+  method {:extern "DafnyLibraries.FileIO", "INTERNAL_WriteBytesToFile"}
+  INTERNAL_WriteBytesToFile(path: string, content: string)
+  
+  function {:extern "DafnyLibraries.FileIO", "INTERNAL_ReadBytesFromFile"}
+  INTERNAL_ReadBytesFromFile(path: string): (bytes: string)
+}
+
+module {:extern} ExternButEverythingImplemented {
+  function test(): int { 1 }
+}
+
+module {:extern "ExternWithOnlyAStaticMethodUninmplemented"} ExternWithOnlyAStaticMethodUninmplemented {
+  method {:extern} DoThis(i: int) returns (res: int)
+}
+
+module {:extern "ExternModuleWithOneClassToImport"} ExternModuleWithOneClassToImport {
+  trait {:termination false} TraitDefinedInModule {
+    function Get(): string
+      reads this
+
+    method Put(s: string)
+      modifies this
+      ensures this.Get() == s
+  }
+
+  class {:extern} NonShareableBox extends TraitDefinedInModule {
+    constructor {:extern} {:axiom} ()
+      ensures this.Get() == ""
+
+    function {:extern} Get(): string
+      reads this
+
+    method {:extern} {:axiom} Put(s: string)
+      modifies this
+      ensures this.Get() == s
+
+    function GetOpt(): (o: string)
+      reads this
+    {
+      if Get() == "" then "None" else "Some("+Get()+")"
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+
+method Main() {
+  var i := ExternalClassContainer.Test();
+  expect i == 2;
+  var j := new ExternalClassContainer.ExternalClass(i);
+  var message := Dafny.FileIO.ReadBytesFromFile("hello.dfy");
+  var c := new ExternalClassContainer.ExternalPartialClass();
+  c.Print();
+  var c2 := new ExternalClassContainer.ExternalPartialClass2();
+  c2.Print();
+  expect ExternButEverythingImplemented.test() == 1;
+  var x := ExternWithOnlyAStaticMethodUninmplemented.DoThis(1);
+  expect x == 2;
+  var n: ExternModuleWithOneClassToImport.NonShareableBox := new ExternModuleWithOneClassToImport.NonShareableBox();
+  expect n as object as ExternModuleWithOneClassToImport.NonShareableBox == n;
+  expect n.Get() == "";
+  expect n.GetOpt() == "None";
+  n.Put("x");
+  expect n.Get() == "x";
+  expect n.GetOpt() == "Some(x)";
+  print message;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..86c68713487
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 7 verified, 0 errors
+22Everything is ok.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses.rs b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5ebbf6a48b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/externalclasses.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#![allow(warnings, unconditional_panic)]
+#![allow(nonstandard_style)]
+
+pub mod External {
+  pub mod Class {
+    pub mod Container {
+      use crate::*;
+
+      pub struct ExternalClass {}
+      impl ExternalClass {
+        pub fn _allocate_object(_cmc: ::dafny_runtime::DafnyInt) -> ::dafny_runtime::Object<Self> {
+          // SAFETY: The Rc has not been shared before
+          unsafe {
+            ::dafny_runtime::Object::from_rc(::std::rc::Rc::new(ExternalClass {}))
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      pub struct ExternalPartialClass {}
+      impl ExternalPartialClass {
+        pub fn _allocate_object() -> ::dafny_runtime::Object<Self> {
+          // SAFETY: The Rc has not been shared before
+          unsafe {
+            ::dafny_runtime::Object::from_rc(::std::rc::Rc::new(ExternalPartialClass {}))
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      impl crate::External::Class::Container::GetValueHolder
+        for ExternalPartialClass {
+        fn GetValue(&mut self) -> dafny_runtime::DafnyInt {
+          ::dafny_runtime::int!(2)
+        }
+      }
+
+      impl ::dafny_runtime::UpcastObject<dyn crate::External::Class::Container::GetValueHolder>
+        for ExternalPartialClass {
+        ::dafny_runtime::UpcastObjectFn!(dyn crate::External::Class::Container::GetValueHolder);
+      }
+
+      pub struct ExternalPartialClass2 {}
+      impl ExternalPartialClass2 {
+        pub fn _allocate_object() -> ::dafny_runtime::Object<Self> {
+          // SAFETY: The Rc has not been shared before
+          unsafe {
+            ::dafny_runtime::Object::from_rc(::std::rc::Rc::new(ExternalPartialClass2 {}))
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      pub struct _default {}
+
+      impl _default {
+        pub fn Test() -> ::dafny_runtime::DafnyInt {
+          ::dafny_runtime::int!(2)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+pub mod ExternWithOnlyAStaticMethodUninmplemented {
+  pub struct _default {}
+  
+  impl _default {
+    pub fn DoThis(i: &::dafny_runtime::DafnyInt) -> ::dafny_runtime::DafnyInt {
+      i.clone() + ::dafny_runtime::int!(1)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+pub mod DafnyLibraries {
+  pub mod FileIO {
+    pub fn INTERNAL_ReadBytesFromFile(path: &::dafny_runtime::DafnyString)
+      -> ::dafny_runtime::DafnyString {
+      return ::dafny_runtime::string_of("Everything is ok.");
+    }
+    
+    pub fn INTERNAL_WriteBytesToFile(path: &::dafny_runtime::DafnyString, content: &::dafny_runtime::DafnyString) {
+      // Nothing to do, we mock writing to a file
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+pub mod ExternModuleWithOneClassToImport {
+  pub struct NonShareableBox {
+    s: ::dafny_runtime::DafnyString
+  }
+  impl NonShareableBox {
+    pub fn _allocate_object() -> ::dafny_runtime::Object<Self> {
+      // SAFETY: The Rc has not been shared before
+      unsafe {
+        ::dafny_runtime::Object::from_rc(::std::rc::Rc::new(NonShareableBox {
+          s: ::dafny_runtime::string_of("")
+        }))
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  impl crate::ExternModuleWithOneClassToImport::TraitDefinedInModule
+    for NonShareableBox {
+    fn Get(&mut self) -> ::dafny_runtime::DafnyString {
+      self.s.clone()
+    }
+    fn Put(&mut self, c: &::dafny_runtime::DafnyString) {
+      self.s = c.clone();
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/lambda.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/lambda.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..48c223f62e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/lambda.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s"
+
+newtype uint8 = x: int | 0 <= x < 256 
+
+predicate F(f: bool -> bool) { f(false) }
+
+predicate p(b: bool) { !b }
+
+predicate Fn<T>(f: (T, T) -> bool, a: T) { f(a, a) }
+
+predicate X() { F(p) }
+
+predicate X'() { var f := x => !x; F(f) }
+
+predicate F'(f: seq<bool> -> bool) { f([false]) }
+
+predicate p'(b: seq<bool>) { if |b| > 0 then !b[0] else false }
+
+predicate X''() { F'(p') }
+
+method Main() {
+  print Fn((a: uint8, b: uint8) => a == b, 2 as uint8), "\n"; 
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/lambda.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/lambda.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..27ba77ddaf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/lambda.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+true
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/loops.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/loops.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d2a38c59431
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/loops.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+newtype u8 = x: int | 0 <= x < 10
+
+method ToSet<T>(s: seq<T>) returns (r: set<T>) {
+  if |s| == 0 {
+    return {};
+  }
+  return {s[0]};
+}
+
+newtype U8 = x: int | 0 <= x <= 255
+type ByteSequence = seq<U8>
+
+datatype Result<T> = Success(value: T) | Failure(msg: string)
+
+const CONST1: string := "1"
+const CONST3: string := "3"
+const CONST5: string := "5"
+const PREFIX: string := "p_"
+
+function PrependPrefix(p: string): string {
+  PREFIX + p
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  var x := map[1 := "hello", 2 := "world"];
+  expect forall k <- x :: |x[k]| == 5;
+  print x[1], " ", x[2], "\n";
+  var z := map k <- x :: (k + 1) := x[k];
+  print z[2], " ", z[3];
+  var t := ToSet([1]);
+  print t;
+
+  var u8toInt := map[1 as u8 := 1, 2 as u8 := 2];
+  var IntToU8 := map k <- u8toInt :: u8toInt[k] := k;
+  var helloWorldAgain := map k <- u8toInt :: x[u8toInt[k]] := Success(k);
+
+  assert {:split_here} true;
+  var successbool := Success(Success(true));
+  expect successbool.value.value == true;
+  var s := map[1 := Success("hello"), 2 := Success("world")];
+  var is_result := forall k, k' | k in s && k' in s:: k != k' ==> s[k].value != s[k'].value;
+  expect is_result;
+
+  var zBefore := map["3" := "5", "5" := "7"];
+  assert {:split_here} true;
+
+  forall k <- zBefore, k' <- zBefore ensures k != k' ==> PrependPrefix(k) != PrependPrefix(k') {
+    if PrependPrefix(k) == PrependPrefix(k') {
+      assert k == PrependPrefix(k)[2..];
+      assert k' == PrependPrefix(k')[2..];
+      assert k == k';
+    }
+  }
+  var zAfter := map[
+      CONST1 := "b",
+      CONST3 := CONST1 + "c",
+      CONST5 := "1"
+    ] + map k <- zBefore :: PrependPrefix(k) := zBefore[k];
+  expect "p_3" in zAfter && zAfter["p_3"] == "5";
+
+  var zeroContainer := new ZeroContainer();
+  zeroContainer.i := 0;
+  expect exists i: int | zeroContainer.i <= i < 10 :: i % 3 == 2;
+  expect forall i: int | 1 <= i <= 10 :: i % 11 != 0;
+  var c := "abcdaa";
+  expect forall ch <- c :: ch !in "e";
+
+  Remap();
+
+  expect forall i: int | i == 1 :: i % 2 == 1;
+  expect (map i: int | i == 1 :: i % 2 := 2) == map[1 := 2];
+}
+
+method Remap() {
+  var sResults: map<ByteSequence, Result<(string, string)>> := map[
+    [2 as U8] := Success(("abc", "def")),
+    [3 as U8, 4 as U8] := Success(("abc2", "def2"))
+  ];
+  var remapped := map r | r in sResults.Values :: r.value.0 := r.value.1;
+  expect "abc" in remapped && remapped["abc"] == "def";
+  expect "abc2" in remapped && remapped["abc2"] == "def2";
+}
+
+class ZeroContainer {
+  var i: int
+  constructor() {
+    i := 0;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/loops.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/loops.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..565ec0b036a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/loops.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 5 verified, 0 errors
+hello world
+hello world{1}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/mapsubsets.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/mapsubsets.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c8fa58fd67f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/mapsubsets.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs --unicode-char=false "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function Map<T, U>(m: map<T, U>): map<T, U> {
+  m
+}
+
+datatype Test_ = Test(i: int) {
+  ghost const Valid?: bool := 0 <= i < 4
+
+  predicate Char?(c: char)
+    requires Valid?
+    requires c as int < 256
+  {
+    c < 3 as char
+  }
+}
+
+datatype NeedsTypeParameter_<!T> = NeedsTypeParameter(t: T -> bool)
+
+type NeedsTypeParameter<!T> = x: NeedsTypeParameter_<T> | true witness NeedsTypeParameter((t: T) => false)
+
+type Test = t: Test_ | t.Valid? witness Test(0)
+
+newtype UInt16 = x: int | 0 <= x < 65536
+
+newtype Int16 = x: int | -32768 <= x < 32768
+
+type CodeUnit = bv16
+
+method CharToString(c: char, s: map<char, string>) returns (r: string) {
+  if c in s {
+    return "inside:" + s[c];
+  }
+  return "not inside";
+}
+
+function LastCharToNat(str: string, digits: map<char, nat>) : (n: nat)
+  requires forall c | c in str :: c in digits
+{
+  if str == [] then 0
+  else
+    digits[str[|str| - 1]]
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  var m := map[1 := 2];
+  var s: set<set<int>> := {{}};
+  expect |s| == 1;
+  var z := (c => c as CodeUnit)('a');
+  var t: Test := Test(2);
+  var x := CharToString('a', map['a' := "hello"]);
+  expect x == "inside:hello";
+  var y := CharToString('z', map['a' := "hello"]);
+  expect y == "not inside";
+  if t.Char?(2 as char) {
+    print "Everything is ok.";
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/mapsubsets.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/mapsubsets.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e13d6aad42b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/mapsubsets.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 8 verified, 0 errors
+Everything is ok.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/methods.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/methods.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..816c9ca9f03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/methods.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+newtype NativeNotZero = x: int | 1 <= x < 255 witness 1
+
+// k0 is initialized using var_init!<T>
+// A tracker starts before the second if to determine if k needs to be cleaned up
+method TestResourceCleanup<T(0)>(return_first: bool, update_value: bool, thn: T)
+  requires return_first ==> !update_value
+{
+  var k0: T;
+  if return_first {
+    return; // No assignment, need to forget unconditionally about k0;
+  }
+  if update_value {
+    k0 := thn;
+  }
+  // Need to forget conditionally about k0 using the tracker
+}
+
+
+// j1 and k1 are initialized using var_init!<T>
+// Both j1 and k1 use assign_nodrop! the first time and regular assignment the second time.
+// No cleanup is necessary
+method TakeAssignNoDrop<T>(b: bool, thn: T, els: T) returns (j1: T, k1: T)
+{
+  if b {
+    var x: T;
+    k1 := thn;
+    // Here x must be forgotten
+  } else {
+    var y: T;
+    k1 := els;
+    // Here y must be forgotten
+  }
+  j1 := k1;
+  // Regular assignments
+  k1 := j1;
+  j1 := k1;
+  // No cleanup necessary
+}
+
+// k02 are initialized using var_init!<T>
+// A tracker starts before the second if to determine if k needs to be cleaned up
+method TestResourceCleanupLoop<T>(return_first: bool, update_value: bool, thn: T)
+{
+  var k2: T;
+  var tmp := update_value;
+  while return_first {
+    return; // No assignment, need to forget unconditionally about k2;
+  }
+  while tmp decreases tmp {
+    k2 := thn;
+    tmp := false;
+  }
+  // Need to forget conditionally about k0 using the tracker
+}
+
+
+// k02 are initialized using var_init!<T>
+// A tracker starts before the second if to determine if k needs to be cleaned up
+method TestResourceCleanupLoopComplex<T>(return_first: bool, update_value: bool, thn: T)
+{
+  var k2: T;
+  var tmp := update_value;
+  var i := 1;
+  // The assignment tracker should be emitted before the while statement.
+  while return_first && i >= 0 decreases i {
+    if i == 0 {
+      return; // No assignment, need to forget unconditionally about k0;
+    } else {
+      k2 := thn;
+    }
+    i := i -1;
+  }
+  i := 2;
+  while i >= 0 decreases i {
+    var local_var: T;
+    if i == 1 {
+      local_var := thn;
+    }
+    if(!update_value) { // Here both k2 and local_var must be forgotten
+      return;
+    }
+    k2 := thn;
+    i := i - 1;
+     // local_var should be forgotten if it was never assigned here.
+  }
+  // Need to forget conditionally about k0 using the tracker
+}
+
+
+
+
+// k3 is initialized using 0. We don't care because we won't read this value before it's written to.
+// A tracker starts before the second if to determine if k needs to be cleaned up
+method TestResourceCleanupNative(return_first: bool, update_value: bool, thn: NativeNotZero)
+{
+  var k3: NativeNotZero;
+  if return_first {
+    return; //No need to forget numbers
+  }
+  if update_value {
+    k3 := thn;
+  }
+  // No need to forget conditionally
+}
+
+
+// No tracking, no initialization needed.
+method TakeAssignNoDropNative(b: bool, thn: NativeNotZero, els: NativeNotZero) returns (j4: NativeNotZero)
+{
+  var k4: NativeNotZero;
+  if b {
+    k4 := thn;
+  } else {
+    k4 := els;
+  }
+  j4 := k4;
+  // Regular assignments
+  k4 := j4;
+  j4 := k4;
+  // No cleanup necessary
+}
+
+// k0 are initialized using var_init!<T>
+// A tracker starts before the second if to determine if k needs to be cleaned up
+method TestResourceCleanupLoopNative(return_first: bool, update_value: bool, thn: NativeNotZero)
+{
+  var k5: NativeNotZero;
+  var tmp := update_value;
+  while return_first {
+    return; // No assignment, need to forget unconditionally about k0;
+  }
+  while tmp decreases tmp {
+    k5 := thn;
+    tmp := false;
+  }
+  // Need to forget conditionally about k0 using the tracker
+}
+
+// j1 is a DafnyInt which uses the default value of a .
+method AssignNoDropTwice(x: bool) returns (j6: int)
+{
+  if x {
+    j6 := 3; // Assigned with assign_nodrop!
+    return;  // No need to clean up
+  }
+  j6 := 1; // Assigned with assign_nodrop!
+  // No need to clean up
+}
+
+method AssignNoDropTwiceNative(x: bool) returns (j7: NativeNotZero)
+{
+  if x {
+    j7 := 3; // Assigned with regular assignment
+    return;
+  }
+  j7 := 1;
+}
+
+method InitiateInt(x: bool, y: bool) returns (j8: int)
+  requires x == y
+{
+  var k8: int;
+  // Assignment tracking starts here for k
+  if x {
+    k8 := 3;
+  }
+  // Assignment tracking starts here for j
+  if y {
+    j8 := k8;
+    return;
+  } else {
+    j8 := 3;
+  }
+  // J determined to be deterministically assigned here.
+  // Normal assignment
+  j8 := 1;
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  TestResourceCleanup(true, false, 1);
+  TestResourceCleanup(false, true, 1);
+  TestResourceCleanup(false, false, 1);
+  
+  TestResourceCleanupLoop(true, false, 1);
+  TestResourceCleanupLoop(false, true, 1);
+  TestResourceCleanupLoop(false, false, 1);
+
+  TestResourceCleanupLoopComplex(true, false, 1);
+  TestResourceCleanupLoopComplex(false, true, 1);
+  TestResourceCleanupLoopComplex(false, false, 1);
+  
+  TestResourceCleanupNative(true, false, 1);
+  TestResourceCleanupNative(false, true, 1);
+  TestResourceCleanupNative(false, false, 1);
+  
+  TestResourceCleanupLoopNative(true, false, 1);
+  TestResourceCleanupLoopNative(false, true, 1);
+  TestResourceCleanupLoopNative(false, false, 1);
+
+  var x: int, x2: int := TakeAssignNoDrop(true, 2, 3);
+  expect x == 2 == x2;
+  x, x2 := TakeAssignNoDrop(false, 2, 3);
+  expect x == 3;
+
+  var y: NativeNotZero := TakeAssignNoDropNative(true, 2, 3);
+  expect y == 2;
+  y := TakeAssignNoDropNative(false, 2, 3);
+  expect y == 3;
+
+  x := AssignNoDropTwice(true);
+  expect x == 3;
+  x := AssignNoDropTwice(false);
+  expect x == 1;
+  y := AssignNoDropTwiceNative(true);
+  expect y == 3;
+  y := AssignNoDropTwiceNative(false);
+  expect y == 1;
+
+  x := InitiateInt(true, true);
+  expect x == 3;
+  x := InitiateInt(false, false);
+  expect x == 1;
+  print "Everything ok";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/methods.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/methods.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cf2265d5715
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/methods.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 10 verified, 0 errors
+Everything ok
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/moduleordering.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/moduleordering.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..543a05b0e48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/moduleordering.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Test of the Rust compiler to ensure it emits modules in a deterministic order.
+// RUN: %baredafny translate rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%S/moduleordering-rust/src/moduleordering.rs" "%s"
+// CHECK-L: pub mod A {
+// CHECK-L: pub mod B {
+// CHECK-L: pub mod C {
+// CHECK-L: pub mod D {
+// CHECK-L: pub mod E {
+// CHECK-L: pub mod F {
+// CHECK-L: pub mod G {
+// CHECK-L: pub mod H {
+
+module B { const X := "B" }
+module D { import B const X := B.X }
+module C { import A const X := A.X }
+module E { import C const X := C.X }
+module A { import G const X := G.X }
+module G { const X := "G" }
+module F { const X := "F" }
+module H { const X := "H" }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/nestedmodules.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/nestedmodules.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..77dcfa19320
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/nestedmodules.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*pub mod B \{.*
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/nestedmodules.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/nestedmodules.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c8284779462
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/nestedmodules.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// Checks that, despite module B being prefixed with A, there will be a "mod B" somewhere
+// and not an encoding like "mod A_B".
+// This module will automatically be in mod A and referred to as "A::B"
+// RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%S/nestedmodules-rust/src/nestedmodules.rs" "%S/nestedmodules.check"
+
+module A.B {
+  import opened C
+  method Test() {
+    print "A.B.Test-";
+    Bar();
+  }
+}
+
+module A {
+  import opened B
+  module B.C {
+    method Bar() {
+      print "A.B.C.Bar-";
+    }
+  }
+
+  method Foo() {
+    print "A.Foo-";
+    Test();
+    B.C.Bar();
+  }
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  print "main-";
+  A.Foo();
+  print "end";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/nestedmodules.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/nestedmodules.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e4a65f263e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/nestedmodules.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 0 errors
+main-A.Foo-A.B.Test-A.B.C.Bar-A.B.C.Bar-end
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtype-set-comp.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtype-set-comp.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fe08c8d50e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtype-set-comp.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Testing explicit newtype conversion of bounded ranges in Rust backend
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+newtype uint8  = x: int | 0 <= x < 0x100
+newtype uint16 = x: int | 0 <= x < 0x10000
+
+function UInt16ToSeq(x: uint16): seq<uint8> {
+  var b0 := (x / 0x100) as uint8;
+  var b1 := (x % 0x100) as uint8;
+  [b0, b1]
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  var a := set x: uint16 | 0 <= x < 0xFFFF :: UInt16ToSeq(x);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtype-set-comp.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtype-set-comp.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ba00363fc08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtype-set-comp.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 4 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtypes.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtypes.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..080ec70510b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtypes.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s"
+
+newtype int2 = x: int | -2 <= x < 2
+newtype int16 = x: int | -32768 <= x < 32768
+const INT2_MAX: int2 := 1
+type zero = x: int2 | x == 0 witness 0
+const Zero: zero := 0
+const DChar : char := 68 as char
+type CodeUnit = bv8
+const cu: CodeUnit := 0
+newtype uint8  = x: int | 0 <= x < 0x100
+type byte = uint8
+newtype uint32 = x: int | 0 <= x < 0x1_00000000
+
+method Main(){
+  print INT2_MAX as int, "\n";
+  print Zero as int16, "\n";
+  print DChar, "\n";
+  print [0, 1, 2][Zero], "\n";
+  print [0, 1, 2][Zero..INT2_MAX], "\n";
+  var f: CodeUnit -> byte := c => c as byte;
+  var arr := new bool[INT2_MAX];
+  print arr.Length, "\n";
+  print DChar as uint32, "\n";
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtypes.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtypes.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e1ec30b7a61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/newtypes.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+1
+0
+'D'
+0
+[0]
+1
+68
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/operators.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/operators.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..663b59551c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/operators.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+ghost const TWO_TO_THE_8:   int := 0x100
+ghost const TWO_TO_THE_16:  int := 0x10000
+ghost const TWO_TO_THE_32:  int := 0x1_00000000
+ghost const TWO_TO_THE_64:  int := 0x1_00000000_00000000
+ghost const TWO_TO_THE_128:  int := 0x1_00000000_00000000_00000000_00000000
+newtype uint8  = x: int | 0 <= x < TWO_TO_THE_8
+newtype uint16 = x: int | 0 <= x < TWO_TO_THE_16
+newtype uint32 = x: int | 0 <= x < TWO_TO_THE_32
+newtype uint64 = x: int | 0 <= x < TWO_TO_THE_64
+newtype uint128 = x: int | 0 <= x < TWO_TO_THE_128
+
+newtype int8  = x: int  | -0x80 <= x < 0x80
+newtype int16 = x: int  | -0x8000 <= x < 0x8000
+newtype int32 = x: int  | -0x8000_0000 <= x < 0x8000_0000
+newtype int64 = x: int  | -0x8000_0000_0000_0000 <= x < 0x8000_0000_0000_0000
+newtype int128 = x: int  | -0x8000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000 <= x < 0x8000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000_0000
+
+method TestU8() {
+  var o8: uint8 := 1 as uint8;
+  var s8: uint8 := 2 as uint8;
+  var w8: uint8 := 5 as uint8;
+  var x8: uint8 := 8 as uint8;
+  var y8: uint8 := 13 as uint8;
+  var z8: uint8 := 21 as uint8;
+  var m8: uint8 := 24 as uint8;
+  var t8: uint8 := 16 as uint8;
+  expect x8 + y8 == z8;
+  expect y8 - x8 == w8;
+  expect x8 as bv8 & y8 as bv8 == x8 as bv8;
+  expect x8 as bv8 | y8 as bv8 == y8 as bv8;
+  expect x8 as bv8 ^ y8 as bv8 == w8 as bv8;
+  expect x8 * 3 == m8;
+  expect x8 as bv8 >> s8 == s8 as bv8;
+  expect x8 as bv8 << o8 == t8 as bv8;
+  print "operators(u8) ";
+}
+method TestI8() {
+  var o8: int8 := 1 as int8;
+  var s8: int8 := 2 as int8;
+  var w8: int8 := 5 as int8;
+  var x8: int8 := 8 as int8;
+  var y8: int8 := 13 as int8;
+  var z8: int8 := 21 as int8;
+  var m8: int8 := 24 as int8;
+  var t8: int8 := 16 as int8;
+  expect x8 + y8 == z8;
+  expect x8 - y8 == -w8;
+  expect x8 * 3 == m8;
+  print "operators(i8) ";
+}
+method TestU16() {
+  var o16: uint16 := 1 as uint16;
+  var s16: uint16 := 2 as uint16;
+  var w16: uint16 := 5 as uint16;
+  var x16: uint16 := 8 as uint16;
+  var y16: uint16 := 13 as uint16;
+  var z16: uint16 := 21 as uint16;
+  var m16: uint16 := 24 as uint16;
+  var t16: uint16 := 16 as uint16;
+  expect x16 + y16 == z16;
+  expect y16 - x16 == w16;
+  expect x16 as bv16 & y16 as bv16 == x16 as bv16;
+  expect x16 as bv16 | y16 as bv16 == y16 as bv16;
+  expect x16 as bv16 ^ y16 as bv16 == w16 as bv16;
+  expect x16 * 3 == m16;
+  expect x16 as bv16 >> s16 as bv16 == s16 as bv16;
+  expect x16 as bv16 << o16 as bv16 == t16 as bv16;
+  print "operators(u16) ";
+}
+
+method TestI16() {
+  var o16: int16 := 1 as int16;
+  var s16: int16 := 2 as int16;
+  var w16: int16 := 5 as int16;
+  var x16: int16 := 8 as int16;
+  var y16: int16 := 13 as int16;
+  var z16: int16 := 21 as int16;
+  var m16: int16 := 24 as int16;
+  var t16: int16 := 16 as int16;
+  expect x16 + y16 == z16;
+  expect x16 - y16 == -w16;
+  expect x16 * 3 == m16;
+  print "operators(i16) ";
+}
+method TestU32() {
+  var o32: uint32 := 1 as uint32;
+  var s32: uint32 := 2 as uint32;
+  var w32: uint32 := 5 as uint32;
+  var x32: uint32 := 8 as uint32;
+  var y32: uint32 := 13 as uint32;
+  var z32: uint32 := 21 as uint32;
+  var m32: uint32 := 24 as uint32;
+  var t32: uint32 := 16 as uint32;
+  expect x32 + y32 == z32;
+  expect y32 - x32 == w32;
+  expect x32 as bv32 & y32 as bv32 == x32 as bv32;
+  expect x32 as bv32 | y32 as bv32 == y32 as bv32;
+  expect x32 as bv32 ^ y32 as bv32 == w32 as bv32;
+  expect x32 * 3 == m32;
+  expect x32 as bv32 >> s32 as bv32 == s32 as bv32;
+  expect x32 as bv32 << o32 as bv32 == t32 as bv32;
+  print "operators(u32) ";
+}
+
+method TestI32() {
+  var o32: int32 := 1 as int32;
+  var s32: int32 := 2 as int32;
+  var w32: int32 := 5 as int32;
+  var x32: int32 := 8 as int32;
+  var y32: int32 := 13 as int32;
+  var z32: int32 := 21 as int32;
+  var m32: int32 := 24 as int32;
+  var t32: int32 := 16 as int32;
+  expect x32 + y32 == z32;
+  expect x32 - y32 == -w32;
+  expect x32 * 3 == m32;
+  print "operators(i32) ";
+}
+method TestU64() {
+  var o64: uint64 := 1 as uint64;
+  var s64: uint64 := 2 as uint64;
+  var w64: uint64 := 5 as uint64;
+  var x64: uint64 := 8 as uint64;
+  var y64: uint64 := 13 as uint64;
+  var z64: uint64 := 21 as uint64;
+  var m64: uint64 := 24 as uint64;
+  var t64: uint64 := 16 as uint64;
+  expect x64 + y64 == z64;
+  expect y64 - x64 == w64;
+  expect x64 as bv64 & y64 as bv64 == x64 as bv64;
+  expect x64 as bv64 | y64 as bv64 == y64 as bv64;
+  expect x64 as bv64 ^ y64 as bv64 == w64 as bv64;
+  expect x64 * 3 == m64;
+  expect x64 as bv64 >> s64 as bv64 == s64 as bv64;
+  expect x64 as bv64 << o64 as bv64 == t64 as bv64;
+  print "operators(u64) ";
+}
+method TestI64() {
+  var o64: int64 := 1 as int64;
+  var s64: int64 := 2 as int64;
+  var w64: int64 := 5 as int64;
+  var x64: int64 := 8 as int64;
+  var y64: int64 := 13 as int64;
+  var z64: int64 := 21 as int64;
+  var m64: int64 := 24 as int64;
+  var t64: int64 := 16 as int64;
+  expect x64 + y64 == z64;
+  expect x64 - y64 == -w64;
+  expect x64 * 3 == m64;
+  print "operators(i64) ";
+}
+method TestU128() {
+  var o128: uint128 := 1 as uint128;
+  var s128: uint128 := 2 as uint128;
+  var w128: uint128 := 5 as uint128;
+  var x128: uint128 := 8 as uint128;
+  var y128: uint128 := 13 as uint128;
+  var z128: uint128 := 21 as uint128;
+  var m128: uint128 := 24 as uint128;
+  var t128: uint128 := 16 as uint128;
+  expect x128 + y128 == z128;
+  expect y128 - x128 == w128;
+  expect x128 as bv128 & y128 as bv128 == x128 as bv128;
+  expect x128 as bv128 | y128 as bv128 == y128 as bv128;
+  expect x128 as bv128 ^ y128 as bv128 == w128 as bv128;
+  expect x128 * 3 == m128;
+  expect x128 as bv128 >> s128 as bv128 == s128 as bv128;
+  expect x128 as bv128 << o128 as bv128 == t128 as bv128;
+  print "operators(u128)\n";
+}
+
+method TestI128() {
+  var o128: int128 := 1 as int128;
+  var s128: int128 := 2 as int128;
+  var w128: int128 := 5 as int128;
+  var x128: int128 := 8 as int128;
+  var y128: int128 := 13 as int128;
+  var z128: int128 := 21 as int128;
+  var m128: int128 := 24 as int128;
+  var t128: int128 := 16 as int128;
+  expect x128 + y128 == z128;
+  expect x128 - y128 == -w128;
+  expect x128 * 3 == m128;
+  print "operators(i128)\n";
+}
+method {:resource_limit "1e6"}  Main() {
+  var t := true;
+  var f := false;
+  expect ((t && f) || f) ==> f;
+  print "&& || ==> ";
+  expect t && f <==> f && t;
+  print "<==> ";
+
+  expect 2 <= 3;
+  expect 2 < 3;
+  expect 3 >= 2;
+  expect 3 > 2;
+  expect 3 != 2;
+  expect 2 == 2;
+  print "<= < >= > != ==\n";
+
+  expect 2 + 2 == 4;
+  expect 2 * 2 == 4;
+  expect 2 - 2 == 0;
+  expect -1 / 2 == -1;
+  expect 5 % 2 == 1;
+  print "+ * - / %\n";
+  TestU8();
+  TestU16();
+  TestU32();
+  TestU64();
+  TestU128();
+  TestI8();
+  TestI16();
+  TestI32();
+  TestI64();
+  TestI128();
+  
+  var a := 'a';
+  var z := 'z';
+  expect a < z;
+  expect z > a;
+  expect a <= a;
+  expect a >= a;
+  expect a != z;
+  expect a == a;
+  expect !(a < a);
+  expect !(z < a);
+  expect !(z <= a);
+  expect !(a >= z);
+  print "char comparison\n";
+  
+  var m := map[1 := 2];
+  expect 1 in m;
+  expect 2 !in m;
+  expect m[1] == 2;
+  print "map contains acccess ";
+  var m2 := m[2 := 4] - {1};
+  expect 1 !in m2;
+  expect 2 in m2;
+  print "update union diff ";
+  var m3 := map k | 2 <= k < 4 :: k := 2*k;
+  expect m3 == map[3 := 6, 2 := 4];
+  expect |m3| == 2;
+  print "comprehension equality cardinality ";
+  
+  expect m3.Keys == {2, 3};
+  expect m3.Values == {4, 6};
+  expect m3.Items == {(2, 4), (3, 6)};
+  print ".Keys .Values .Items\n";
+
+  var st := {1};
+  expect 1 in st;
+  expect 2 !in st;
+  print "set contains ";
+  var t2 := st + {2} - {1};
+  expect 1 !in t2;
+  expect 2 in t2;
+  print "union diff ";
+  var t3 := set k | 2 <= k < 4 :: 2*k;
+  expect t3 == {6, 4};
+  expect |t3| == 2;
+  expect {4, 6} <= t3;
+  expect {4} < t3;
+  expect t3 >= {4, 6};
+  expect t3 > {6};
+  print "comprehension equality cardinality ";
+  expect t2 != t3;
+  expect t2 * t3 == {};
+  expect t2 !! t3;
+  print "inequality and intersection\n";
+  
+  var s1 := seq(2, i => 1 + i);
+  var s2 := s1 + [3];
+  expect s1 <= s2;
+  expect s1 < s2;
+  expect s1 != s2;
+  expect !(s2 <= s1);
+  expect !(s2 < s1);
+  expect s2 != s1;
+  expect !(s1 == s2);
+  print "sequence prefix ";
+  var s3 := if |s2| == 3 then s2[2 := 4] else s2;
+  expect s3[1] == 2;
+  expect s3 == [1, 2, 4];
+  expect |s3| == 3;
+  print "sequence update cardinality ";
+
+  var s4 := if |s3| >= 3 then s3[1..3] else s3;
+  expect s4 == [2, 4];
+  print "sequence slice\n";
+
+  var h := multiset{1, 1, 2};
+  var k := multiset([1, 2]);
+  expect k < h;
+  expect k <= h;
+  expect h > k;
+  expect h >= k;
+  print "multiset comparison ";
+  expect k + h == multiset{1, 1, 1, 2, 2};
+  print "union equality ";
+  expect 1 in h;
+  expect h[1] == 2;
+  expect |h| == 3;
+  print "access and cardinality\n";
+  
+  var seq1: seq<int> := [1, 2, 3, 4];
+  var seq2: int := seq1[0];
+  var seq3: seq<int> := seq1[1..4];
+  var seq4: seq<int> := seq3 + [seq2];
+  expect seq4[0] == 2;
+  expect seq4[3] == 1;
+  expect seq4[0..3] == seq3;
+  print "Sequence index slice comparison";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/operators.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/operators.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8923b8864bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/operators.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 21 verified, 0 errors
+&& || ==> <==> <= < >= > != ==
++ * - / %
+operators(u8) operators(u16) operators(u32) operators(u64) operators(u128)
+operators(i8) operators(i16) operators(i32) operators(i64) operators(i128)
+char comparison
+map contains acccess update union diff comprehension equality cardinality .Keys .Values .Items
+set contains union diff comprehension equality cardinality inequality and intersection
+sequence prefix sequence update cardinality sequence slice
+multiset comparison union equality access and cardinality
+Sequence index slice comparison
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/reserved-names.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/reserved-names.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e90b5bc69af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/reserved-names.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Tests output of Rust translation from input Dafny that uses Rust reserved names
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype X =
+| X(fn: int, self: int, Self: int)
+| None(None: int)
+| H(hash: int)
+
+method Main()
+{
+  var f := X(0, 0, 0);
+  var self := 0;
+  var Self := 0;
+  expect None(3).None == 3;
+  var None := 0;
+  expect None == 0;
+  var hash := H(3).hash;
+  expect hash == 3;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/reserved-names.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/reserved-names.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..823a60a105c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/reserved-names.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings-unicode.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings-unicode.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b0477141512
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings-unicode.check
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// CHECK: .*DafnyChar\(.*
+// CHECK-NOT: .*DafnyCharUTF16\(.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings-utf16.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings-utf16.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c277a4216d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings-utf16.check
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// CHECK: .*DafnyCharUTF16\(.*
+// CHECK-NOT: .*DafnyChar\(.*
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..44b1a168f10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Test of the output of the Rust translation
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs --unicode-char=true "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%S/strings-rust/src/strings.rs" "%S/strings-unicode.check"
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs --unicode-char=false "%s"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%S/strings-rust/src/strings.rs" "%S/strings-utf16.check"
+
+newtype uint8 = x: int | 0 <= x < 255
+newtype uint7 = x: int | 0 <= x < 128
+
+method Main() {
+  print 'H', 'e', "llo\n";
+  var x8 := 'H' as uint8;
+  var x7 := x8 as uint7;
+  print x7;
+  var y8 := x7 as uint8;
+  var h := y8 as char;
+  expect h == 'H';
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..03d00c0888e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/strings.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 0 errors
+'H''e'llo
+72
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/subsetconstraints.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/subsetconstraints.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..48ed719da2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/subsetconstraints.check
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// CHECK: .*AcceptSubsetAndType\(x, y\).*
+// CHECK: .*AcceptSubsetAndType2\(x, y\).*
+// CHECK: .*AcceptSubsetAndType\(x, y1\).*
+// CHECK: .*AcceptSubsetAndType2\(x, y1\).*
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/subsetconstraints.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/subsetconstraints.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cad15372a6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/subsetconstraints.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%S/subsetconstraints-rust/src/subsetconstraints.rs" "%S/subsetconstraints.check"
+
+newtype uint8 = x: int | 0 <= x < 256
+
+type ValidSeqUint8 = i: seq<uint8> | SubtypePredicate(i) witness []
+predicate SubtypePredicate(i: seq<uint8>) { true }
+type SeqUint8 = ValidSeqUint8
+type SeqSeqUInt8 = seq<SeqUint8>
+type MoreThanOne = x: uint8 | x > 1 witness 2
+type DummyType<T> = x: T | true witness *
+
+predicate Test(contextKeys: SeqSeqUInt8, result: SeqSeqUInt8) {
+  forall k <- contextKeys :: k in result
+}
+
+method AcceptSubsetAndType(x: MoreThanOne, y: uint8) {
+  AcceptType(x);
+}
+method AcceptType(y: uint8) {
+}
+
+method AcceptSubsetAndType2(x: DummyType<MoreThanOne>, y: uint8) {
+  AcceptType(x);
+}
+class TestOwnershipConstructor {
+  constructor(a: SeqSeqUInt8, b: seq<seq<uint8>>, c: MoreThanOne, d: MoreThanOne) {
+  }
+}
+method Main() {
+  var s := [[1 as uint8]];
+  var sSub: SeqSeqUInt8 := s;
+  expect Test(s, [[1 as uint8], [2 as uint8]]);
+  expect !Test([[1 as uint8], [3 as uint8]], [[1 as uint8], [2 as uint8]]);
+  var col := [-1, 1, 2];
+  expect forall n: nat <- col :: n > 0;
+  var x := 2 as uint8;
+  var y: MoreThanOne := 2;
+  var y1: DummyType<MoreThanOne> := y;
+  AcceptSubsetAndType(x, y); // Note that subset types are reversed
+  AcceptSubsetAndType2(x, y); // Note that subset types are reversed
+  AcceptSubsetAndType(x, y1); // Note that subset types are reversed
+  AcceptSubsetAndType2(x, y1); // Note that subset types are reversed
+  var z := new TestOwnershipConstructor(s, sSub, x, y);
+  print "Everything is ok.";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/subsetconstraints.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/subsetconstraints.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..753ce264737
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/subsetconstraints.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 6 verified, 0 errors
+Everything is ok.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/tests.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/tests.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1b83a453b58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/tests.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Demonstration of the use of the external Rust Option<> type
+// RUN: %baredafny test --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method {:test} TestIfTestsAreWorking() {
+  expect 1 == 1, "Ok";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/tests.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/tests.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f5269b4546c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/tests.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
+TestIfTestsAreWorking: PASSED
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/traits.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/traits.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..952050e36b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/traits.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Rust-specific tests
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module InterfaceHolder {
+  trait {:termination false} Interface {
+    method PutCacheEntry'()
+  }
+}
+
+module InterfaceWrapper {
+  import InterfaceHolder
+  class InterfaceExtender extends InterfaceHolder.Interface {
+    constructor () {
+    }
+    method PutCacheEntry'() {
+    }
+  }
+
+  method PutCacheEntry(ex: InterfaceExtender) {
+    ex.PutCacheEntry'();
+  }
+}
+
+module TraitDefinitions {
+  datatype Option<+T> = Some(value: T) | None {
+    function Negate(t: T): Option<T> {
+      match this {
+        case Some(v) => None
+        case None => Some(t)
+      }
+    }
+    predicate IsFailure() {
+      None?
+    }
+    function PropagateFailure<U>(): Option<U> {
+      None
+    }
+    function Extract(): T
+      requires !IsFailure() {
+      value
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  trait NoMemberTrait {}
+  
+  trait NoMemberTrait2 {}
+  trait SuperTrait extends NoMemberTrait, NoMemberTrait2 {
+    method GetC() returns (c: int)
+    method SetC(newC: int)
+      modifies this
+  }
+
+  trait {:termination false} SubTrait<T, I> extends SuperTrait {
+    method GetC() returns (c: int)
+      ensures c >= 0
+
+    method GetCTwicePlusD() returns (c2: int) {
+      var c := GetC();
+      var d := GetD();
+      return c + c + d;
+    }
+    method GetD()  returns (d: int)
+
+    function GetDFunc(): int
+  }
+}
+
+module All {
+  import opened TraitDefinitions
+  
+  class Y<I> extends SubTrait<int, I> {
+    var c: int
+    var z: int
+    const d: int := 2
+    constructor(c: int) {
+      this.c := c;
+    }
+    method AddZ()
+      modifies this
+    {
+      this.Add(this.z);
+    }
+    method Add(extra: int)
+      modifies this
+    {
+      c := c + extra;
+    }
+    method Swap()
+      modifies this
+    {
+      this.c, this.z := this.z, this.c;
+    }
+    method SetC(newC: int)
+      modifies this
+    {
+      c := newC;
+    }
+    method GetC() returns (c: int)
+      ensures c >= 0
+    {
+      return if this.c <= 0 then 37 else this.c;
+    }
+    method GetD() returns (d: int) {
+      return this.d;
+    }
+    method Convert(i: I, i2: I) returns (j: I) {
+      if c == 0 {
+        return i;
+      } else {
+        return i2;
+      }
+    }
+    method ClosureConvert() returns (f: int ~> int)
+      ensures forall i :: f.requires(i) == true && f.reads(i) == {this}
+    {
+      return (i: int) reads this => this.c + this.d + i;
+    }
+
+    function GetDFunc(): int {
+      d
+    }
+  }
+
+  method Test(x: Option<int>) returns (r: Option<bool>) {
+    r := Some(true);
+  }
+
+  method Main() {
+    var rts := Test(Some(2));
+    expect rts == Some(true);
+
+    var y := new Y<int>(7);
+    expect y.GetDFunc() == 2;
+    var z: SubTrait<int, int> := y as SubTrait<int, int>;
+    var w: SuperTrait := z;
+    var p: SuperTrait := y;
+    /*var zy := z as Y<int>;
+    var wy := w as Y<int>;
+    var pzy := p as SubTrait<int, int> as Y<int>;
+    expect zy == wy == pzy;*/
+    var zc := z.GetC();
+    var wc := w.GetC();
+    var pc := p.GetC();
+    expect 7 == y.c == zc == wc == pc;
+    var zd := z.GetD();
+    var yd := y.GetD();
+    expect yd == zd == 2;
+    var zc2d := z.GetCTwicePlusD();
+    expect zc2d == 16;
+    var yc2d := y.GetCTwicePlusD();
+    expect yc2d == 16;
+    var f := y.Convert(42, 37);
+    expect f == 37;
+    w.SetC(0);
+    f := y.Convert(42, 37);
+    expect f == 42;
+    expect y as object == w as object;
+    expect y as object == p as object;
+    var objects := {y as object, w as object, p as object};
+    expect |objects| == 1;
+    var q := y as NoMemberTrait;
+    expect y as NoMemberTrait == y;
+    expect y as NoMemberTrait2 == y;
+    expect y as NoMemberTrait as object == y as NoMemberTrait2;
+    var yn := (q as object as Y<int>);
+    expect yn.d == y.d;
+    expect (q as object as Y<int>) == y;
+    var yp: Y?<int> := null;
+    expect yp == null;
+    yp := y;
+    expect yp == y;
+    var ff := y.ClosureConvert();
+    expect ff(1) == 1 + y.c + y.d;
+
+    var seqY := [y];
+    var setY := {y};
+    var mulY := multiset{y};
+    var mapY := map[1 := y];
+
+    var seqYU: seq<SubTrait<int, int>> := seqY;
+    var setYU: set<SubTrait<int, int>> := setY;
+    var mulYU: multiset<SubTrait<int, int>> := mulY;
+    var mapYU: map<int, SubTrait<int, int>> := mapY;
+
+    var seqYS: seq<SuperTrait> := seqY;
+    var setYS: set<SuperTrait> := setY;
+    var mulYS: multiset<SuperTrait> := mulY;
+    var mapYS: map<int, SuperTrait> := mapY;
+
+    var seqYO: seq<object> := seqY;
+    var seaYO: set<object> := setY;
+    var mulYO: multiset<object> := mulY;
+    var mapYO: map<int, object> := mapY;
+
+    var seqYSO: seq<object> := seqYS;
+    var seaYSO: set<object> := setYS;
+    var mulYSO: multiset<object> := mulYS;
+    var mapYSO: map<int, object> := mapYS;
+
+    var optY := Some(y);
+    var optYU: Option<SubTrait<int, int>> := optY;
+    var optYS: Option<SuperTrait> := optY;
+    var optYO: Option<object> := optY;
+    var optYSO: Option<object> := optYS;
+
+    print "Main passed all the tests\n";
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/traits.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/traits.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2123d1f24c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/traits.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 20 verified, 0 errors
+Main passed all the tests
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/more_dafny.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/more_dafny.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e4facc514b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/more_dafny.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// RUN: %baredafny translate rs --rust-module-name additional_module "%s"
+// RUN: %exits-with -any %rm -f "%S/project_depending_on_dafny/src/additional_module.rs"
+// RUN: %mv "%S/more_dafny-rust/src/more_dafny.rs" "%S/project_depending_on_dafny/src/additional_module.rs"
+// RUN: "%S/project_depending_on_dafny/cargo" run > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module SubModule {
+  function reverse(input: bv16): bv16 {
+    ((input & 0xFF) << 8) | ((input & 0xFF00) >> 8)
+  }
+}
+
+function reverse(input: bv16): (result: bv16) {
+  SubModule.reverse(input)
+}
+
+lemma reverseDoubleIsIdentity(input: bv16)
+  ensures reverse(reverse(input)) == input
+{
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/more_dafny.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/more_dafny.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3617feec37f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/more_dafny.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Intermediate result is 2560
+Result should be 10, got 10
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/.gitignore b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bc950be1152
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+src/additional_module.rs
+target/
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/Cargo.lock b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..af315037a76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/Cargo.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
+# It is not intended for manual editing.
+version = 3
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ProjectDependingOnDafny"
+version = "0.1.0"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/Cargo.toml b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f7079b63c99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "ProjectDependingOnDafny"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "projectdependingondafny"
+path = "src/project_depending_on_dafny.rs"
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/src/project_depending_on_dafny.rs b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/src/project_depending_on_dafny.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3dc44c6beae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/translate-additional/project_depending_on_dafny/src/project_depending_on_dafny.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+pub mod additional_module;
+
+fn main() {
+  let x = additional_module::_module::_default::reverse(10);
+  println!("Intermediate result is {:?}", x);
+  let y = additional_module::_module::_default::reverse(x);
+  println!("Result should be 10, got {:?}", y);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/type-test.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/type-test.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..75ee7a0c39c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/type-test.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Tests that type tests work in the Rust backend
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %baredafny run --target=rs --raw-pointers "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+trait T { }
+class A extends T { constructor() {} }
+class B extends T { }
+
+method Main() {
+  var v: T := new A();
+  expect !(v is B), "v shouldn't be B";
+  expect v is A, "v should be A";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/type-test.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/type-test.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..823a60a105c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/rust/type-test.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy
index 6b6afcc2076..b8ec817b6e6 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy
@@ -1,8 +1,25 @@
-module {:options "--function-syntax:4"} LibraryModule {
+module {:options "--function-syntax:4"} CoolLibraryName {
 
-  function TimesTwo(x: nat): nat
-  {
-    x * 2
-  }
+  // Ensuring this module is not empty,
+  // or else it will be omitted from the translation record.
+  const FOO := 42
+
+  module LibraryModule {
+
+    function TimesTwo(x: nat): nat
+    {
+      x * 2
+    }
+
+    datatype Result<+T, +E> = Success(value: T) | Failure(error: E)
 
+    // Record type
+    datatype Pair<+T, +U> = Pair(first: T, second: U)
+
+    datatype NestedTypeConstructorRecord<+T> = First(value: Pair<T, T>)
+    datatype NestedTypeConstructorClass<+T> = First2(value: Pair<T, T>) | Second2(value: Pair<T, T>)
+
+    datatype NoTypeArgs = Success2 | Failure2
+
+  }
 }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/README.md b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..49d881508d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+This code was created using Dafny 4.2 in order to capture the existing code that
+`--legacy-data-constructors` needs to still satisfy:
+
+```
+dafny translate java --output=fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo --allow-warnings --library=Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy usesTimesTwo.dfy
+```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java/ConsumerModule/__default.java b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java/ConsumerModule/__default.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..592e3a1aa86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java/ConsumerModule/__default.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+// Class __default
+// Dafny class __default compiled into Java
+package ConsumerModule;
+
+
+@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "deprecation"})
+public class __default {
+  public __default() {
+  }
+  public static void Main(dafny.DafnySequence<? extends dafny.DafnySequence<? extends dafny.CodePoint>> __noArgsParameter)
+  {
+    java.math.BigInteger _0_n = java.math.BigInteger.ZERO;
+    _0_n = java.math.BigInteger.valueOf(21L);
+    java.math.BigInteger _1_TwoN = java.math.BigInteger.ZERO;
+    _1_TwoN = CoolLibraryName_mLibraryModule.__default.TimesTwo(_0_n);
+    System.out.print((dafny.DafnySequence.asUnicodeString("Two times ")).verbatimString());
+    System.out.print(java.lang.String.valueOf(_0_n));
+    System.out.print((dafny.DafnySequence.asUnicodeString(" is ")).verbatimString());
+    System.out.print(java.lang.String.valueOf(_1_TwoN));
+    System.out.print((dafny.DafnySequence.asUnicodeString("\n")).verbatimString());
+    java.math.BigInteger _2_aNat = java.math.BigInteger.ZERO;
+    java.math.BigInteger _out0 = java.math.BigInteger.ZERO;
+    _out0 = __default.PickANat();
+    _2_aNat = _out0;
+  }
+  public static void __Main(dafny.DafnySequence<? extends dafny.DafnySequence<? extends dafny.CodePoint>> args) {
+    __default.Main(args);
+  }
+  public static java.math.BigInteger PickANat()
+  {
+    java.math.BigInteger n = java.math.BigInteger.ZERO;
+    if(true) {
+      java.math.BigInteger _out1 = java.math.BigInteger.ZERO;
+      _out1 = __default.<java.math.BigInteger>PickSomething(_System.nat._typeDescriptor());
+      n = _out1;
+    }
+    return n;
+  }
+  public static <__T> __T PickSomething(dafny.TypeDescriptor<__T> _td___T)
+  {
+    @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "deprecation"})
+    __T t = _td___T.defaultValue();
+    if(true) {
+    }
+    return t;
+  }
+  public static void MakeAResult()
+  {
+    CoolLibraryName_mLibraryModule.Result<java.math.BigInteger, dafny.DafnySequence<? extends dafny.CodePoint>> _3_r;
+    _3_r = CoolLibraryName_mLibraryModule.Result.<java.math.BigInteger, dafny.DafnySequence<? extends dafny.CodePoint>>create_Success(java.math.BigInteger.valueOf(42L));
+  }
+  public static void MakeAPair()
+  {
+    CoolLibraryName_mLibraryModule.Pair<java.math.BigInteger, dafny.DafnySequence<? extends dafny.CodePoint>> _4_p;
+    _4_p = CoolLibraryName_mLibraryModule.Pair.<java.math.BigInteger, dafny.DafnySequence<? extends dafny.CodePoint>>create(java.math.BigInteger.ONE, dafny.DafnySequence.asUnicodeString("partridge in a pair tree"));
+  }
+  @Override
+  public java.lang.String toString() {
+    return "ConsumerModule._default";
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java/_System/nat.java b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java/_System/nat.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3bfb410ceac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java/_System/nat.java
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Class nat
+// Dafny class nat compiled into Java
+package _System;
+
+import ConsumerModule.*;
+
+@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "deprecation"})
+public class nat {
+  public nat() {
+  }
+  private static final dafny.TypeDescriptor<java.math.BigInteger> _TYPE = dafny.TypeDescriptor.<java.math.BigInteger>referenceWithInitializer(java.math.BigInteger.class, () -> java.math.BigInteger.ZERO);
+  public static dafny.TypeDescriptor<java.math.BigInteger> _typeDescriptor() {
+    return (dafny.TypeDescriptor<java.math.BigInteger>) (dafny.TypeDescriptor<?>) _TYPE;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java/usesTimesTwo.java b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java/usesTimesTwo.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c5279fd4bd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java/usesTimesTwo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// Dafny program the_program compiled into Java
+
+import ConsumerModule.*;
+import _System.*;
+
+
+
+
+public class usesTimesTwo {
+  public static void main(String[] args) {
+    dafny.Helpers.withHaltHandling(() -> { ConsumerModule.__default.__Main(dafny.Helpers.UnicodeFromMainArguments(args)); } );
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/DuplicateModules.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/DuplicateModules.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..737a7280dd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/DuplicateModules.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// RUN: %baredafny translate cs %args %S/Inputs/Foo.dfy &> %t
+// RUN: %baredafny translate cs %args %S/Inputs/Bar.dfy &>> %t
+
+// Valid
+// RUN: %baredafny translate cs %args %S/Inputs/Foo.dfy --translation-record %S/Inputs/Bar-cs.dtr &>> %t
+
+// Invalid: Foo can't be previously translated and to translate now
+// RUN: %exits-with 3 %baredafny translate cs %args %S/Inputs/Foo.dfy --translation-record %S/Inputs/Foo-cs.dtr &>> %t
+
+// Invalid: Bar can't appear in more than one translation record at the same time
+// RUN: %exits-with 3 %baredafny translate cs %args %S/Inputs/Foo.dfy --translation-record %S/Inputs/Bar-cs.dtr --translation-record %S/Inputs/Bar-cs.dtr &>> %t
+
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/DuplicateModules.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/DuplicateModules.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..34fc9248a67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/DuplicateModules.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
+CLI: Error: cannot load Foo-cs.dtr: it contains translation metadata for the module Parent.Foo, which is in scope for translation in the current program
+Translation was aborted because errors were found
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
+CLI: Error: cannot load Bar-cs.dtr: module Parent.Bar already appears in another translation record
+Translation was aborted because errors were found
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/DuplicateModules.dtr b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/DuplicateModules.dtr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ecc7675d19a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/DuplicateModules.dtr
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+file_format_version = "1.0"
+dafny_version = "4.7.0.0"
+[options_by_module.Foo]
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/Inputs/Bar.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/Inputs/Bar.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aa63b04504c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/Inputs/Bar.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module Parent.Bar {
+  const blah: nat := 42
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/Inputs/Foo.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/Inputs/Foo.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a4c2ed946d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/Inputs/Foo.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module Parent.Foo {
+  const blah: nat := 42
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/InvalidFormat.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/InvalidFormat.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..161262c4116
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/InvalidFormat.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 3 %baredafny translate cs %args %s --translation-record %S/NoGood.dtr &> %t
+// RUN: %exits-with 3 %baredafny translate cs %args %s --translation-record %S/WrongDafnyVersion.dtr &>> %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method Main() {
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/InvalidFormat.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/InvalidFormat.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e6ff8236390
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/InvalidFormat.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
+CLI: Error: malformed dtr file NoGood.dtr
+Translation was aborted because errors were found
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
+CLI: Error: cannot load WrongDafnyVersion.dtr: it was built with Dafny 10.6.0.0, which cannot be used by Dafny 4.8.0.0
+Translation was aborted because errors were found
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/NoGood.dtr b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/NoGood.dtr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4925891c42b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/NoGood.dtr
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Not even close
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/WrongDafnyVersion.dtr b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/WrongDafnyVersion.dtr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c2c53d3def8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/translation-records/WrongDafnyVersion.dtr
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+file_format_version = "1.0"
+dafny_version = "10.6.0.0"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/usesTimesTwo-oldDafnyCompatability.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/usesTimesTwo-oldDafnyCompatability.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..99ef13d97d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/usesTimesTwo-oldDafnyCompatability.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Highly target language specific
+
+// Alternate version of usesTimesTwo.dfy as a regression test for https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/5555.
+// Relies on having checked in the compilation of the library using Dafny 4.2.
+
+// Java
+
+// RUN: %baredafny translate java --output=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy --legacy-data-constructors --legacy-module-names
+// RUN: javac -cp %binaryDir/DafnyRuntime.jar%{pathsep}%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java/**/*.java
+
+// Already run using Dafny 4.2: %baredafny translate java --output=%S/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo --allow-warnings --library=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy %S/usesTimesTwo.dfy
+// RUN: javac -cp %binaryDir/DafnyRuntime.jar%{pathsep}%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java%{pathsep}%S/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java %S/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java/**/*.java
+
+// RUN: java -cp %binaryDir/DafnyRuntime.jar%{pathsep}%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java%{pathsep}%S/fromDafny42/usesTimesTwo-java usesTimesTwo > "%t"
+
+// (Other languages could be added in the future too.)
+
+// Final output check for all runs
+
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/usesTimesTwo-oldDafnyCompatability.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/usesTimesTwo-oldDafnyCompatability.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a54a4dab148
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/usesTimesTwo-oldDafnyCompatability.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Two times 21 is 42
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/usesTimesTwo.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/usesTimesTwo.dfy
index e9392e5809e..f5e120978a4 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/usesTimesTwo.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/comp/separate-compilation/usesTimesTwo.dfy
@@ -2,20 +2,20 @@
 
 // C#
 
-// RUN: %baredafny translate cs %args --output=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy
+// RUN: %baredafny translate cs %args --output=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy --outer-module TestProducer.DafnyInternal
 // RUN: dotnet build %S/Inputs/producer
 
-// RUN: %baredafny translate cs %args --output=%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo --library=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy %s
+// RUN: %baredafny translate cs %args --output=%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo --allow-warnings --library=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy %s --translation-record %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-cs.dtr
 
 // RUN: dotnet run --project %S/consumer > "%t"
 
 // Java
 
-// RUN: %baredafny translate java --output=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy
-// RUN: javac -cp %binaryDir/DafnyRuntime.jar%{pathsep}%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java/timesTwo.java %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java/*/*.java
+// RUN: %baredafny translate java --output=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy --outer-module testproducer.dafnyinternal --translation-record-output %S/timesTwo-customName.dtr
+// RUN: javac -cp %binaryDir/DafnyRuntime.jar%{pathsep}%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java/**/*.java
 
-// RUN: %baredafny translate java --output=%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo --library=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy %s
-// RUN: javac -cp %binaryDir/DafnyRuntime.jar%{pathsep}%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java%{pathsep}%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo-java %S/consumer/usesTimesTwo-java/usesTimesTwo.java %S/consumer/usesTimesTwo-java/*/*.java
+// RUN: %baredafny translate java --output=%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo --allow-warnings --library=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy %s --translation-record %S/timesTwo-customName.dtr
+// RUN: javac -cp %binaryDir/DafnyRuntime.jar%{pathsep}%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java%{pathsep}%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo-java %S/consumer/usesTimesTwo-java/**/*.java
 
 // RUN: java -cp %binaryDir/DafnyRuntime.jar%{pathsep}%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-java%{pathsep}%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo-java usesTimesTwo >> "%t"
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 // TODO: Can we refer to the runtime separately?
 // RUN: %baredafny translate py --output=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy --include-runtime
 
-// RUN: %baredafny translate py --output=%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo --library=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy %s
+// RUN: %baredafny translate py --output=%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo --allow-warnings --library=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy %s
 
 // TODO: Won't work on windows
 // RUN: env PYTHONPATH=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-py python3 %S/consumer/usesTimesTwo-py >> "%t"
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 // https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/494
 // RUN: %baredafny translate go --output=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo %S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy --include-runtime
 
-// RUN: %baredafny translate go --output=%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo --library=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy %s
+// RUN: %baredafny translate go --output=%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo --allow-warnings --library=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy %s
 
 // RUN: env GO111MODULE=auto GOPATH=%S/Inputs/producer/timesTwo-go%{pathsep}%S/consumer/usesTimesTwo-go go run %S/consumer/usesTimesTwo-go/src/usesTimesTwo.go >> "%t"
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ include "Inputs/producer/timesTwo.dfy"
 
 module ConsumerModule {
 
-  import opened LibraryModule
+  import opened CoolLibraryName.LibraryModule
 
   method Main() {
     var n := 21;
@@ -68,4 +68,12 @@ module ConsumerModule {
   method PickSomething<T(0)>() returns (t: T) {
     t := *;
   }
+
+  method MakeAResult() {
+    var r: Result<nat, string> := Success(42);
+  }
+
+  method MakeAPair() {
+    var p: Pair<nat, string> := Pair(1, "partridge in a pair tree");
+  }
 }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/06-ThreadOwnership.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/06-ThreadOwnership.dfy
index af67f8c6a76..c5146ec389b 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/06-ThreadOwnership.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/06-ThreadOwnership.dfy
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ trait Universe {
   // without having to check the object invariants.
   ghost predicate globalBaseInv() reads this, content {
     && (forall o: Object | o in content :: && o.universe == this && o as object != this)
-    && (forall o: OwnedObject | o in content :: o.owner in content && (!o.closed ==> o.owner is Thread))
+    && (forall o: OwnedObject | o in content :: o.owner in this.content && (!o.closed ==> o.owner is Thread))
   }
 
   // Global 1-state invariant: all objects satisfy their individual invariants.
@@ -82,11 +82,10 @@ trait Object {
   // Join the universe
   ghost method join()
     requires universe.globalBaseInv() && this as object != universe
-    requires this is OwnedObject ==> (
+    requires this is OwnedObject ==>
       var o := this as OwnedObject;
       && o.owner in universe.content
       && (!o.closed ==> o.owner is Thread)
-    )
     modifies universe
     ensures baseInv() && universe.content == old(universe.content) + { this }
     ensures unchanged(universe.content) // This method doesnt modify fields of objects in the universe
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/09-CounterNoStateMachine.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/09-CounterNoStateMachine.dfy.expect
index 4fd36a1d403..a18f6ffc547 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/09-CounterNoStateMachine.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/09-CounterNoStateMachine.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 597 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 590 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/10-SequenceInvariant.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/10-SequenceInvariant.dfy.expect
index f3e2b391bdf..1a4b8ec4f05 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/10-SequenceInvariant.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/10-SequenceInvariant.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 491 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 486 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/12-MutexLifetime-short.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/12-MutexLifetime-short.dfy
index c213afc2470..0b931ef0ae4 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/12-MutexLifetime-short.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/12-MutexLifetime-short.dfy
@@ -761,7 +761,7 @@ class Mutex extends OwnedObject {
 
   ghost predicate volatileOwns() { true }
   ghost function objectUserFields(): set<Object> reads this {
-    guards + { data }
+    var r: set<object> := guards + { data }; r
   }
 
   twostate predicate unchangedNonvolatileUserFields() reads this { true }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/12-MutexLifetime-short.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/12-MutexLifetime-short.dfy.expect
index c2bb304608c..79537616855 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/12-MutexLifetime-short.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/concurrency/12-MutexLifetime-short.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 444 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 434 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/Inputs/CheckExtern.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/Inputs/CheckExtern.dfy
index 5beeb2bd0e9..740deb74e59 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/Inputs/CheckExtern.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/Inputs/CheckExtern.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-method {:extern} Foo(x: int) returns (y: int)
+method {:axiom} {:extern} Foo(x: int) returns (y: int)
   requires 1 < x < 10
   ensures y >= 10
 
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ method {:test} FooTest()
   expect y == 30;
 }
 
-function {:extern} Bar(x: int, ghost z: int): (y: int)
+function {:axiom} {:extern} Bar(x: int, ghost z: int): (y: int)
   requires 1 < x < 10
   requires z > x
   ensures y >= 10
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ method {:test} BarTest()
   expect y == 30;
 }
 
-function {:extern} FunctionWithUnnamedResult(x: int): int 
+function {:axiom} {:extern} FunctionWithUnnamedResult(x: int): int 
   requires x > 3
   ensures x > 3
 
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ method {:test} GenMethodTest()
   expect false;
 }
 
-function {:extern} Baz(x: int): (y: int)
+function {:axiom} {:extern} Baz(x: int): (y: int)
   ensures y == x
 
 method {:test} BazTest()
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/RefineContract.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/RefineContract.dfy
index 367e125a9b3..26af314a2b2 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/RefineContract.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/RefineContract.dfy
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// RUN: %run "%s" --input "%S/AbstractExtern1.cs" --test-assumptions Externs > %t
-// RUN: %exits-with 3 %run "%s" --input "%S/AbstractExtern2.cs" --test-assumptions Externs >> %t
+// RUN: %run "%s" --input "%S/AbstractExtern1.cs" --allow-external-contracts --test-assumptions Externs > %t
+// RUN: %exits-with 3 %run "%s" --input "%S/AbstractExtern2.cs" --allow-external-contracts --test-assumptions Externs >> %t
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 abstract module A {
     method {:extern "ExternMethod"} Method() returns (r: int)
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/TestedExterns.legacy.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/TestedExterns.legacy.dfy
index 1668615abab..2126c0c1570 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/TestedExterns.legacy.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/TestedExterns.legacy.dfy
@@ -7,5 +7,5 @@
 // CHECK: .*Bar____dafny__checked\(new BigInteger\(3\)\).*
 include "Inputs/CheckExtern.dfy"
 
-method {:extern} NotCalled(x: int) returns (y: int)
+method {:axiom} {:extern} NotCalled(x: int) returns (y: int)
   ensures y != x
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/TestedExterns.legacy.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/TestedExterns.legacy.dfy.expect
index a2ac9a5b79f..5370859dfb6 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/TestedExterns.legacy.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/contract-wrappers/TestedExterns.legacy.dfy.expect
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Warning: this way of using the CLI is deprecated. Use 'dafny --help' to see help
 Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
 CheckExtern.dfy(20,13): Warning: The requires clause at this location cannot be compiled to be tested at runtime because it references ghost state.
 CheckExtern.dfy(22,12): Warning: The ensures clause at this location cannot be compiled to be tested at runtime because it references ghost state.
-TestedExterns.legacy.dfy(10,17): Warning: No :test code calls NotCalled
+TestedExterns.legacy.dfy(10,26): Warning: No :test code calls NotCalled
 FooTest: FAILED
 	CheckExtern.dfy(3,12): Runtime failure of ensures clause from CheckExtern.dfy(3,12)
 BarTest: FAILED
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ArrayElementInitCompile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ArrayElementInitCompile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c17262a423d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ArrayElementInitCompile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>ForLoops</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-Resolve.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-Resolve.dfy.expect
index e0446296fd1..a2a9906566e 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-Resolve.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-Resolve.dfy.expect
@@ -54,10 +54,7 @@ AsIs-Resolve.dfy(212,11): Error: type test for type 'int -> real' must be from a
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(213,11): Error: type test for type 'int -> Odd' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'int -> nat') (covariant type parameter 1 would require nat <: Odd)
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(220,11): Error: type test for type 'int ~> real' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'int ~> nat') (covariant type parameter 1 would require nat <: real)
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(185,11): Error: type cast to reference type 'C<(int, real)>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'M<string>') (non-variant type parameter would require (int, real) = (string, string)) (covariant type parameter 0 would require string <: int)
-AsIs-Resolve.dfy(185,11): Error: type cast to reference type 'C<(int, real)>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'M<string>') (non-variant type parameter would require (int, real) = (string, string)) (covariant type parameter 0 would require int <: string)
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(196,9): Error: incorrect argument type at index 0 for datatype constructor parameter (expected real, found int)
-AsIs-Resolve.dfy(211,11): Error: type test for type 'real -> nat' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'int -> nat') (contravariance for type parameter at index 0 expects int <: real)
-AsIs-Resolve.dfy(221,11): Error: type test for type 'real --> nat' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'int ~> nat') (contravariance for type parameter at index 0 expects int <: real)
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(229,15): Error: type test for type 'object' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'T')
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(230,18): Error: type test for type 'array<object>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'array<T>') (nonvariance for type parameter expects object = T)
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(231,18): Error: type test for type 'array<int>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'array<T>') (nonvariance for type parameter expects int = T)
@@ -65,16 +62,12 @@ AsIs-Resolve.dfy(232,16): Error: type test for type 'T' must be from an expressi
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(234,16): Error: type test for type 'object' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'U')
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(235,16): Error: type test for type 'object?' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'U')
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(238,20): Error: type test for type 'U' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'object')
-AsIs-Resolve.dfy(230,18): Error: type test for type 'array<object>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'array<T>') (non-variant type parameter would require object = T)
-AsIs-Resolve.dfy(231,18): Error: type test for type 'array<int>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'array<T>') (non-variant type parameter would require int = T)
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(247,18): Error: type test for type 'array<TraitX>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'array<ClassX>') (nonvariance for type parameter expects TraitX = ClassX)
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(248,18): Error: type test for type 'array<ClassX>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'array<TraitX>') (nonvariance for type parameter expects ClassX = TraitX)
-AsIs-Resolve.dfy(247,18): Error: type test for type 'array<TraitX>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'array<ClassX>') (non-variant type parameter would require TraitX = ClassX)
-AsIs-Resolve.dfy(248,18): Error: type test for type 'array<ClassX>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'array<TraitX>') (non-variant type parameter would require ClassX = TraitX)
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(270,12): Error: an expression of type 'D<X>' is not run-time checkable to be a 'F<X, X>'
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(273,12): Error: an expression of type 'T<int>' is not run-time checkable to be a 'I<X>'
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(280,12): Error: an expression of type 'D<real>' is not run-time checkable to be a 'F<real, real>'
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(283,12): Error: an expression of type 'T<int>' is not run-time checkable to be a 'I<real>'
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(306,11): Error: an expression of type 'object' is not run-time checkable to be a 'TriviallyObject<real>'
 AsIs-Resolve.dfy(308,21): Error: an expression of type 'object' is not run-time checkable to be a 'TriviallyObject<real>'
-79 resolution/type errors detected in AsIs-Resolve.dfy
+72 resolution/type errors detected in AsIs-Resolve.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..96479ca5f70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=2 --refresh-exit-code=4 "%s"
+
+module UnusedTypeParametersOfSubtypeTypes {
+  trait T<X> { }
+  class D<X1> extends T<(int, seq<X1>)> { }
+  type F<X2, Unused> = d: D<X2> | true witness * // the legacy resolver treats F as a reference type, and bogusly wants all parameters to be equal in order to have type compatibility
+
+  method Test<X>(f: F<X, X>, g: F<X, int>) {
+    if * {
+      var h: F<X, X>;
+      h := f;
+      h := g;
+    } else {
+      var h: F<X, int>;
+      h := g;
+      h := f;
+    }
+
+    var s0: seq<F<X, X>> := [f, f, f];
+    var s1: seq<F<X, int>> := [g, g, g];
+    if * {
+      s0 := s1;
+    } else {
+      s1 := s0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  method Test1<X>(f: F<X, X>, g: F<X, int>) {
+    var c0: C<F<X, int>> := new C<F<X, int>>(g);
+    var c1: C<F<X, X>> := new C<F<X, X>>(f);
+
+    // The resolver should treat the following three consistently. That is, it should either disallow all three
+    // or allow all three. (It allows all three.) The verifier should also treat the three consistently (which,
+    // for the way unused type parameters in subset types are currently treated, is to say that all three branches
+    // causes a verification error).
+    if
+    case true =>
+      var b: bool := c1 is C<F<X, int>>;
+      assert b; // error: this may not hold
+    case true =>
+      c0 := c1; // error: RHS value not assignable to LHS
+    case true =>
+      c0 := c1 as C<F<X, int>>; // error: precondition of "as" may not be satisfied
+  }
+
+  method Test2<X>(f: F<X, X>, g: F<X, int>) {
+    var c0: C<F<X, int>> := new C<F<X, int>>(g);
+    var c1: C<F<X, X>> := new C<F<X, X>>(f);
+
+    // The resolver should treat the following three consistently. That is, it should either disallow all three
+    // or allow all three. (It allows all three.) The verifier should also treat the three consistently (which,
+    // for the way unused type parameters in subset types are currently treated, is to say that all three branches
+    // causes a verification error).
+    if
+    case true =>
+      var b: bool := c0 is C<F<X, X>>;
+      assert b; // error: this may not hold
+    case true =>
+      c1 := c0; // error: RHS value not assignable to LHS
+    case true =>
+      c1 := c0 as C<F<X, X>>; // error: precondition of "as" may not be satisfied
+  }
+
+  class C<Y> {
+    var y: Y
+    constructor (y: Y) {
+      this.y := y;
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..92bf8181aef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy(38,24): Error: a type test to 'C<F<X, int>>' must be from a compatible type (got 'C<F<X, X>>')
+AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy(43,15): Error: a type cast to a reference type (C<F<X, int>>) must be from a compatible type (got C<F<X, X>>); this cast could never succeed
+AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy(56,24): Error: a type test to 'C<F<X, X>>' must be from a compatible type (got 'C<F<X, int>>')
+AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy(61,15): Error: a type cast to a reference type (C<F<X, X>>) must be from a compatible type (got C<F<X, int>>); this cast could never succeed
+4 resolution/type errors detected in AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9ab8dec464b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy(39,13): Error: assertion might not hold
+AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy(41,12): Error: value of expression (of type 'C<F<X, X>>') is not known to be an instance of type 'C<F<X, int>>'
+AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy(43,15): Error: value of expression (of type 'C<F<X, X>>') is not known to be an instance of type 'C<F<X, int>>'
+AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy(57,13): Error: assertion might not hold
+AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy(59,12): Error: value of expression (of type 'C<F<X, int>>') is not known to be an instance of type 'C<F<X, X>>'
+AsIs-UnusedTypeParameters.dfy(61,15): Error: value of expression (of type 'C<F<X, int>>') is not known to be an instance of type 'C<F<X, X>>'
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 6 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Assigned.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Assigned.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d0d575bdf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Assigned.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// RUN: %verify --relax-definite-assignment "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+class C<G>
+{
+  var x: G
+  const y: G
+  
+  constructor Con0(i: int, a: G, b: G)
+  {
+    x := a;
+    y := b;
+    assert assigned(x);
+    assert assigned(y);
+    new;
+    if i > 0 {
+      x := y;
+    }
+  }
+  
+  constructor Con1(i: int, a: G, b: G)
+  {
+    x := a;
+    assert assigned(x);
+    assume {:axiom} assigned(y);
+    new;
+    if i > 0 {
+      x := y;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+method M0<G>(x: int, a: G, b: G) returns (y: G)
+{
+  if x < 10 {
+    y := a;
+  } else if x < 20 {
+    return b;
+  } else {
+    assume {:axiom} assigned(y);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Assigned.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Assigned.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..00a51f822da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Assigned.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Bitvectors.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Bitvectors.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..34601dcae40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Bitvectors.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitBitvectorTruncation</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismCompilation.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismCompilation.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aba91847aa4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismCompilation.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --type-system-refresh=true --general-traits=datatype
+
+method Main() {
+  As.Test();
+  Is.Test();
+  Basic.Test();
+  Bounds.Test();
+  BoundsAndCasts.Test();
+  Conversions.Test();
+  Operators.Test();
+  ReturnExpr.Test();
+}
+
+module As {
+  trait Parent {
+    const k: int
+  }
+  trait Trait extends Parent { }
+  class Class extends Trait {
+    constructor (n: int) {
+      k := n;
+    }
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var c := new Class(14);
+    M(c);
+    var b := N(c);
+    O(c);
+    P(c);
+  }
+  
+  method M<X extends Trait>(x: X) {
+    var a0 := x as X;
+    var a1 := x as Trait;
+    var a2 := x as Parent;
+    print a1.k, " "; // 14
+  }
+
+  method N<X(==) extends Trait>(x: X) returns (b: bool) {
+    var t: Trait := x as Trait;
+    b := x == t as X;
+    print b, " "; // true
+  }
+
+  method O<Z extends object?>(z: Z) {
+    var a := z as object?;
+    print a != null, " "; // true
+  }
+
+  method P<Z extends object>(z: Z) {
+    var a := z as object?;
+    var b := z as object;
+    print b == a != null, "\n"; // true
+  }
+}
+
+module Is {
+  trait Parent {
+    const k: int
+  }
+  trait Trait extends Parent { }
+  class Class extends Trait {
+    constructor (n: int) {
+      k := n;
+    }
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var c := new Class(14);
+    M(c);
+    O(c); // true true
+    O(null); // true false
+    P(c);
+  }
+  
+  method M<X extends Trait>(x: X) {
+    print x is X, " "; // true
+    print x is Trait, " "; // true
+    print x is Parent, " "; // true
+    print (x as Trait) is Class, "\n"; // false
+  }
+
+  method O<Z extends object?>(z: Z) {
+    print z is object?, " ";
+    print z is object, " ";
+  }
+
+  method P<Z extends object>(z: Z) {
+    print z is object?, " "; // true
+    print z is object, "\n"; // true
+  }
+}
+
+module Basic {
+  trait Parent extends object {
+    const k: int
+  }
+  trait Trait extends Parent { }
+  class Class extends Trait {
+    constructor (n: int) {
+      k := n;
+    }
+  }
+
+  method TestMethod<X extends Trait? extends Parent>(x: X) returns (obj: object?)
+    ensures obj != null
+  {
+    var b := x is Trait;
+    assert b;
+    print b, " "; // true
+
+    b := x is Parent;
+    assert b;
+    print b, " "; // true
+
+    var t: Trait := x as Trait;
+    obj := t;
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var c := new Class(18);
+    var obj := TestMethod(c);
+    print obj != null, "\n"; // true
+  }
+}
+
+module Bounds {
+  trait Trait<X> {
+    function Value(): X
+  }
+
+  datatype Dt extends Trait<string> = Dt(s: string)
+  {
+    function Value(): string { s }
+  }
+
+  method MyMethod<Y extends Trait<string>>(y: Y) {
+    var s := (y as Trait<string>).Value();
+    print "(", s, ")\n";
+  }
+
+  class RandomClass<R> extends Trait<R> {
+    const r: R
+    constructor (r: R) {
+      this.r := r;
+    }
+    function Value(): R { r }
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var d := Dt("hello");
+    MyMethod(d);
+
+    var c := new RandomClass("you don't say");
+    MyMethod(c);
+
+    var v := *; // inferred to be of type string (pretty cool, huh!)
+    var i := new RandomClass(v);
+    MyMethod(i);
+  }
+}
+
+module BoundsAndCasts {
+  method Test() {
+    var rx := Record("X thing");
+    var ry := Record("Y thing");
+    var rp := Record("P thing");
+    var d := Dt(rx);
+    d.M(ry, rp);
+    print d.F(ry, rp), "\n";
+    print d.K(rp), "\n";
+  }
+
+  trait Parent { }
+  trait XTrait extends Parent { }
+  trait YTrait extends Parent { }
+
+  datatype Record extends XTrait, YTrait = Record(s: string)
+
+  datatype Dt<X extends XTrait> = Dt(x: X)
+  {
+    method M<Y extends YTrait>(y: Y, p: X) {
+      var parent: Parent;
+
+      parent := x;
+      print parent, "\n";
+      assert parent is XTrait;
+
+      parent := p;
+      assert parent is XTrait;
+      print parent, "\n";
+
+      parent := y;
+      assert parent is YTrait;
+      print parent, "\n";
+    }
+
+    function F<Y extends YTrait>(y: Y, p: X): int {
+      var parentX: Parent := x;
+      assert parentX is XTrait;
+      var parentP: Parent := p;
+      assert parentP is XTrait;
+      var parentY: Parent := y;
+      assert parentY is YTrait;
+      15
+    }
+
+    const K := (p: X) =>
+      var parentX: Parent := x;
+      assert parentX is XTrait;
+      var parentP: Parent := p;
+      assert parentP is XTrait;
+      17
+  }
+}
+
+module Conversions {
+  trait Trait {
+    function F(): int
+  }
+
+  datatype Dt extends Trait = Dt(u: int) {
+    function F(): int {
+      u
+    }
+  }
+
+  datatype Covariant<+X> = Make(value: X)
+
+  method TestCovarianceZ<Z extends Trait>(z: Z) {
+    var h: Covariant<Z> := Covariant<Z>.Make(z);
+
+    var g: Covariant<Trait>;
+    g := h;
+    g := h as Covariant<Trait>;
+    print (z as Trait).F(), " ", g, " ", h, "\n"; // 5 Dt.Dt(5) Dt.Dt(5)
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var d := Dt(5);
+    TestCovarianceZ(d);
+  }
+}
+
+module Operators {
+  trait Trait extends object { }
+
+  method P8<Z extends Trait>(z: Z, t: Trait) returns (s: seq<Trait>) {
+    s := [z];
+    s := [z as Trait, t];
+    s := s[0 := z];
+    s := s[0 := z as Trait];
+    var zt: Trait := s[0];
+  }
+
+  method P9<Z(==) extends Trait>(z: Z, t: Trait) returns (m: map<Trait, Trait>, mi: map<Trait, Trait>) {
+    m := map[z := z];
+    m := m[z as Trait := z as Trait]; // TODO: these casts should not be needed
+    mi := map[z := z];
+    mi := mi[z as Trait := z as Trait]; // TODO: these casts should not be needed
+
+    m := map[z as Trait := t];
+    m := m[z as Trait := t];
+    mi := map[z as Trait := t];
+    mi := mi[z as Trait := t];
+
+    m := map[t := z as Trait];
+    m := m[t := z as Trait];
+    mi := map[t := z as Trait];
+    mi := mi[t := z as Trait];
+
+    var zt: Trait := m[t];
+    zt := mi[t];
+  }
+
+  method P10<Z(==) extends Trait>(z: Z, t: Trait) returns (m: multiset<Trait>) {
+    m := multiset{z, z};
+    m := multiset{z as Trait, t}; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+    m := m[z as Trait := 13]; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+
+    var count := m[z];
+    count := m[t];
+  }
+
+  class CC extends Trait { }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var cc := new CC;
+    var _ := P8(cc, cc);
+    var _, _ := P9(cc, cc);
+    var _ := P10(cc, cc);
+    print "done\n";
+  }
+}
+
+module ReturnExpr {
+  trait Trait {}
+
+  function F<X extends Trait>(x: X): Trait {
+    assert x is Trait;
+    x
+  }
+
+  function G<X extends Trait>(x: X): Trait {
+    x as Trait
+  }
+
+  trait ReferenceTrait extends object {}
+
+  function H<X extends ReferenceTrait>(x: X): ReferenceTrait {
+    assert x is ReferenceTrait;
+    x
+  }
+
+  class C extends Trait, ReferenceTrait {
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var c := new C;
+    for i := 0 to 2 {
+      var t: Trait := if i == 0 then F(c) else G(c);
+      assert c == t;
+      var tc: C := t as C;
+      expect c == tc;
+    }
+
+    var h: ReferenceTrait := H(c);
+    expect c == h;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismCompilation.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismCompilation.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0d195fb86e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismCompilation.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+14 true true true
+true true true true
+true true true false true true
+true true true
+(hello)
+(you don't say)
+()
+BoundsAndCasts.Record.Record("X thing")
+BoundsAndCasts.Record.Record("P thing")
+BoundsAndCasts.Record.Record("Y thing")
+15
+17
+5 Conversions.Dt.Dt(5) Conversions.Dt.Dt(5)
+done
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismCompilation.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismCompilation.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ccd85524941
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismCompilation.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// L-CHECK: error: `_` cannot be a raw identifier
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..388cba864ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,465 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=2 "%s" -- --general-traits=datatype
+
+module BadTypeNames {
+  datatype DT<W extends Unknown> = Dt(w: W) // error: what is Unknown?
+
+  type Syn<X extends Unknown> = DT<X> // error: what is Unknown?
+
+  class Class<Y extends Unknown> { // error: what is Unknown?
+  }
+
+  trait AnotherTrait<Z extends Unknown> { // error: what is Unknown?
+  }
+
+  type Abstract<V extends Unknown> // error: what is Unknown?
+
+  trait Generic<Q> { }
+
+  codatatype Mutual<A extends Generic<Z>, B extends Generic<A>> = More(Mutual) // error: what is Z?
+
+  function Function<K extends Unknown>(k: K): int { 2 } // error: what is Unknown?
+
+  method Method<L extends Unknown>(l: L) { } // error: what is Unknown?
+
+  least predicate Least<M extends Unknown>(m: M) { true } // error: what is Unknown?
+
+  greatest lemma Greatest<N extends Unknown>(n: N) { } // error: what is Unknown?
+
+  iterator Iter<O extends Unknown>(o: O) { } // error: what is Unknown?
+}
+
+module AsIsResolve0 {
+  trait Trait extends object {
+    const n: int
+  }
+  trait AnotherTrait { }
+
+  method M<X extends Trait>(x: X) returns (b: bool, t: Trait, u: int) {
+    t := x; // (legacy error)
+    b := x is Trait; // (legacy error)
+    b := x is AnotherTrait; // error: AnotherTrait is not compatible with X
+    b := x is object; // (legacy error)
+    t := x as Trait; // (legacy error)
+    u := t.n;
+    assert x == t; // (legacy error)
+  }
+}
+
+module AsIsResolve1 {
+  trait Trait {
+    const n: int
+  }
+
+  method Q<Y(==) extends Trait>(y: Y) returns (t: Trait, u: int) {
+    t := y as Trait; // (legacy error)
+    u := (y as Trait).n; // (legacy error)
+    u := y.n; // error: y needs to be cast to Trait before .n can be accessed
+  }
+
+  method Nullable<Z extends object>(z: Z) returns (b: bool) {
+    var n;
+    n := z;
+    b := (z as object) as object? == null; // (legacy error)
+    n := null; // error: although n is a reference type, there is no type Z?
+  }
+
+  method T<Z extends object?>(z: Z) {
+    var n;
+    n := z;
+    n := null; // error: although n extends object?, Z may have constraints that exclude "null"
+  }
+
+  trait XTrait<X> { }
+
+  method U<T extends XTrait<int>>(t: T) {
+    var a := t as XTrait<int>; // (legacy error)
+    var b := t as XTrait<bool>; // error: non-compatible types
+  }
+}
+  
+module AsIsResolve2 {
+  trait Trait {
+    const n: int
+  }
+
+  method A<X(==) extends Trait>(x: X, t: Trait) returns (b: bool) {
+    b := x is X;
+    b := x is Trait; // (legacy error)
+    b := t is X; // error: not allowed in compiled code
+    b := t is Trait;
+  }
+
+  method B<X(==) extends Trait>(x: X, t: Trait) returns (ghost g: bool, b: bool) {
+    b := x is X;
+    b := x is Trait; // (legacy error)
+    g := t is X; // (legacy error)
+    b := t is Trait;
+  }
+
+  method N<X extends Trait>(x: X) returns (b: bool, t: Trait) {
+    t := x as Trait; // (legacy error)
+    assert x == t; // (legacy error)
+    ghost var gb := t is X; // (legacy error)
+    b := t is X; // error: this is not allowed in compiled code
+  }
+}
+
+module AsIsResolve3 {
+  trait Trait {
+    const n: int
+  }
+
+  method P<Y extends Trait>(y: Y) returns (b: bool, t: Trait) {
+    t := y as Trait; // (legacy error)
+    assert y == t; // (legacy error)
+    b := y == t; // error: we don't know if y supports equality
+  }
+
+  method R<Y(==) extends Trait>(y: Y) returns (b: bool, t: Trait) {
+    t := y as Trait; // (legacy error)
+    b := y == t; // error: Trait not known to support equality
+  }
+
+  method S<Y extends object>(y: Y) returns (b: bool, obj: object) {
+    obj := y as object; // (legacy error)
+    b := y == obj; // error: Y not known to support equality
+  }
+
+  method Finally<Y(==) extends object>(y: Y) returns (b: bool, obj: object) {
+    obj := y as object; // (legacy error)
+    b := y == obj; // both Y and object support equality, so we're good // (legacy error)
+  }
+}
+
+module AsIsResolve4 {
+  trait Trait { }
+  class Class extends Trait { }
+  
+  method M<X extends Trait>(x: X) {
+    var a0 := x as X; // (legacy error)
+    var a1 := x as Trait; // (legacy error)
+    var a2 := x as Class; // error
+    var a3 := x as int; // error
+  }
+}
+
+module BoundMustBeTrait {
+  trait Trait extends object {
+    const n: int
+  }
+
+  datatype Color = Brown | Peach
+  class Class { }
+  type Synonym = Trait
+  type Subset = t: Trait | t.n == 8 witness *
+
+  datatype D0<W extends int> = Make(w: W) // error: bound must be a trait
+  datatype D1<W extends array<Trait>> = Make(w: W) // error: bound must be a trait
+  datatype D2<W extends Color> = Make(w: W) // error: bound must be a trait
+  datatype D3<W extends Class?> = Make(w: W) // error: bound must be a trait
+  datatype D4<W extends Synonym> = Make(w: W)
+  datatype D5<W extends Subset> = Make(w: W)
+  datatype D6<W extends Trait?> = Make(w: W)
+  datatype D7<W extends Trait> = Make(w: W)
+}
+
+module Refinement {
+  module AA {
+    trait Trait { }
+    trait GenericTrait<X> { }
+
+    type SoonSubsetType0<A>
+    type SoonSubsetType1<A>
+    type SoonSubsetType2<A extends Trait>
+
+    type AbstractType0<A>
+    type AbstractType1<A extends Trait>
+    type AbstractType2<A>
+
+    type AbstractType3<A extends Trait extends object>
+    type AbstractType4<A extends Trait extends object>
+    type AbstractType5<A extends Trait extends object>
+    type AbstractType6<A extends Trait extends object>
+
+    type AbstractType7<A extends GenericTrait<B>, B extends GenericTrait<A>>
+
+    type ToBeReplaced0<A extends Trait>
+    type ToBeReplaced1<A extends Trait>
+    type ToBeReplaced2<A extends Trait>
+    type ToBeReplaced3<A extends Trait>
+    type ToBeReplaced4<A extends Trait>
+    type ToBeReplaced5<A extends Trait>
+
+    method M0<A extends Trait>(u: int)
+    method M1<A extends Trait>(u: int)
+  }
+
+  module BB refines AA {
+    type SoonSubsetType0<B> = int // error: name change not allowed
+    type SoonSubsetType1<B extends Trait> = int // error: name change not allowed
+    type SoonSubsetType2<B> = int // error: name change not allowed
+
+    type AbstractType0<A> // error: name change not allowed
+    type AbstractType1<A> // error: type bounds don't match the ones in AA.AbstractType1
+    type AbstractType2<A extends Trait> // error: type bounds don't match the ones in AAAbstractType2
+
+    type AbstractType3<A extends Trait> // error: wrong number of type bounds
+    type AbstractType4<A extends Trait extends object>
+    type AbstractType5<A extends Trait extends Trait> // error: mismatched bound
+    type AbstractType6<A extends object extends Trait> // error (x2): the order has to be the same (because the checking is rather simplistic)
+
+    type AbstractType7<A extends GenericTrait<B>, B extends GenericTrait<A>>
+
+    datatype ToBeReplaced0<A extends Trait> = Record(a: A)
+    datatype ToBeReplaced1<A extends object> = Record(a: A) // error: mismatched bound
+    type ToBeReplaced2<A extends Trait> = int
+    type ToBeReplaced3<A> = int // error: mismatched bound
+    class ToBeReplaced4<A extends Trait> { }
+    class ToBeReplaced5<A extends object> { } // error: mismatched bound
+
+    method M0<A extends object>(u: int) // error: mismatched bound
+    method M1<A extends Trait>(u: int)
+  }
+}
+
+module CheckArguments {
+  trait Trait<X> {
+    function Value(): X
+  }
+
+  datatype Dt extends Trait<string> = Dt(s: string)
+  {
+    function Value(): string { s }
+  }
+
+  class RandomClass<R> extends Trait<R> {
+    const r: R
+    constructor (r: R) {
+      this.r := r;
+    }
+    function Value(): R { r }
+  }
+
+  method MyMethod<Y extends Trait<string>>(y0: Y)
+  function MyFunction<Y extends Trait<string>>(y1: Y): int
+  class MyClass<Y extends Trait<string>> {
+    constructor (y2: Y)
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var m := new RandomClass(3.14);
+    MyMethod(m); // error: type parameter is RandomClass<real>, which is not a Trait<string> as required by type bound
+
+    var n := new RandomClass('x');
+    var _ := MyFunction(n); // error: type parameter is RandomClass<char>, which is not a Trait<string> as required by type bound
+
+    var o := new RandomClass(500);
+    var oo := new MyClass(o); // error: type parameter is RandomClass<int>, which is not a Trait<string> as required by type bound
+  }
+}
+
+module Overrides {
+  trait Base {
+    function F<X extends object>(): int
+    method M<X extends object>()
+  }
+
+  class Class extends Base {
+    function F<X extends object extends object>(): int { 2 } // error: number of bounds is different
+    method M<X extends object?>() { } // error: bound is different
+  }
+
+  type ObjectSynonym = object
+
+  type AbstractType extends Base {
+    function F<Y extends object>(): int { 2 } // error: type parameter has been renamed
+    method M<X extends ObjectSynonym>() { } // the synonym here is okay
+  }
+
+  // ---
+
+  trait GenericBound<Z> { }
+
+  trait Parent {
+    function F<X extends GenericBound<Y>, Y extends GenericBound<X>>(): int
+    method M<X extends GenericBound<Y>, Y extends GenericBound<X>>()
+    greatest lemma L<X extends GenericBound<int>, Y extends IntGenericBound>()
+  }
+
+  type IntGenericBound = GenericBound<int>
+
+  codatatype SomeGood extends Parent = More
+  {
+    function F<X extends GenericBound<Y>, Y extends GenericBound<X>>(): int { 2 }
+    method M<X extends GenericBound<Y>, Y extends GenericBound<int>>() { } // error: bound of Y is different
+    greatest lemma L<X extends IntGenericBound, Y extends GenericBound<int>>() { }
+  }
+
+  datatype CoSomeGood extends Parent = More
+  {
+    function F<Y extends GenericBound<X>, X extends GenericBound<Y>>(): int { 2 } // error (x2): type parameters have been renamed
+    method M<X extends IntGenericBound, Y extends GenericBound<X>>() { } // error: bound is different
+    greatest lemma L<X extends GenericBound<X>, Y extends IntGenericBound>() { } // error: bound is different
+  }
+
+  trait AnotherTrait extends Parent {
+    greatest lemma L<X extends GenericBound<int>, Y extends GenericBound<X>>() { } // error: bound is different
+  }
+}
+
+module VariousBounds {
+  trait Parent { }
+  trait XTrait extends Parent { }
+  trait YTrait extends Parent { }
+
+  datatype Dt<X extends XTrait> = Dt(x: X)
+  {
+    method M<Y extends YTrait>(y: Y) {
+      var parent: Parent;
+      parent := x; // (legacy error)
+      assert parent is XTrait; // (legacy error)
+      parent := y; // (legacy error)
+      assert parent is YTrait; // (legacy error)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module MoreRefinement {
+  module AA {
+    trait Trait { }
+    trait G<X> { }
+    trait H<X> { }
+
+    type AbstractType0<A extends G<A>, B>
+    type AbstractType1<A, B extends G<A>>
+    type AbstractType2<A extends G<A>, B extends G<A>>
+    type AbstractType3<A extends G<A>, B extends G<A>>
+
+    function F0<A, B extends G<A>>(): int
+    function F1<A, B extends G<A>>(): int
+    function F2<A, B>(): A
+    function F3<A, B>(a: A): int
+    function F4<A, B>(a: A): A
+
+    method M0<A, B extends G<A>>()
+    method M1<A, B extends G<A>>()
+    method M2<A, B>() returns (a: A)
+    method M3<A, B>(a: A)
+    method M4<A, B>(a: A) returns (r: A)
+  }
+
+  module BB refines AA {
+    type AbstractType0<A extends G<B>, B> // error: the type bounds are not the same
+    type AbstractType1<A, B extends G<B>> // error: the type bounds are not the same
+    type AbstractType2<A extends G<A>, B extends G<A>>
+    type AbstractType3<A extends G<A>, B extends H<A>> // error: the type bounds are not the same
+
+    function F0<A, B extends G<B>>(): int // error: the type bounds are not the same
+    function F1<A, B extends G<A>>(): int
+    function F2<A, B>(): B // error: mismatched result type
+    function F3<A, B>(b: B): int // error: mismatched in-parameter type
+    function F4<A, B>(a: A): A
+
+    method M0<A, B extends G<B>>() // error: the type bounds are not the same
+    method M1<A, B extends G<A>>()
+    method M2<A, B>() returns (b: B) // error: mismatched out-parameter type
+    method M3<A, B>(b: B) // error: mismatched in-parameter type
+    method M4<A, B>(a: A) returns (r: A)
+  }
+}
+
+module RefinementRegressions {
+  module AA {
+    datatype D<X> = D(x: X)
+  }
+
+  module BB refines AA {
+    type X = int
+    datatype D<Y> ... // error: not allowed to rename type parameter
+  }
+
+  abstract module XX {
+    type D<X>
+    class C<X> {
+      var x: X
+      constructor Orig(x: X) {
+        this.x := x;
+      }
+      method Print() {
+        print x, "\n";
+      }
+    }
+
+    method G() returns (r: C<char>) {
+      r := new C<char>.Orig('h'); // error (reported as part of YY): 'h' used when an 'int' is expected (strange error, caused by the renaming error in YY)
+    }
+  }
+
+  module YY refines XX {
+    type D<Z> = X // error: not allowed to rename type parameter
+    type X = int
+    class C<Y> ... { // error: not allowed to rename type parameter
+      var y: Y
+      constructor Alt(y: Y) {
+        this.x := 15;
+        this.y := y;
+      }
+    }
+
+    method Test() {
+      var c := new C<real>.Alt(3.2);
+      var d := new C<real>.Orig(3);
+      c.Print();
+      d.Print();
+    }
+  }
+
+}
+
+module BadBounds {
+  trait GoodTrait { }
+
+  method M<G extends GoodTrait>(g: G) { }
+
+  method MCaller(r: real, n: nat) {
+    M(r); // error: type argument does not satisfy bound GoodTrait
+    M(n); // error: type argument does not satisfy bound GoodTrait
+  }
+
+  trait ReferenceTrait extends object {
+    const u: int
+  }
+
+  type ConstrainedReferenceTrait = r: ReferenceTrait | r.u < 100 witness *
+
+  method P<R extends ReferenceTrait?, S extends ReferenceTrait, T extends ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(r: R, s: S, t: T) { }
+
+  method PCaller(r: ReferenceTrait?, s: ReferenceTrait, t: ConstrainedReferenceTrait) {
+    P(r, s, t);
+    P(t, t, t);
+    P(s, s, s); // error: type argument 2 is not a ConstrainedReferenceTrait
+    P(r, r, t); // error: type argument 1 is not a ReferenceTrait
+    P(r, s, r); // error: type argument 2 is not a ConstrainedReferenceTrait
+
+    P<ReferenceTrait?, ReferenceTrait, ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(r, s, t);
+    P<ReferenceTrait?, ReferenceTrait, ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(t, t, t);
+    // The value parameters passed into the following three calls are incorrect. However, these are checked
+    // by the verifier, so the resolver does not flag these. (See BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy.)
+    P<ReferenceTrait?, ReferenceTrait, ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(s, s, s);
+    P<ReferenceTrait?, ReferenceTrait, ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(r, r, t);
+    P<ReferenceTrait?, ReferenceTrait, ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(r, s, r);
+  }
+
+  class E extends GoodTrait { }
+
+  method Q<G extends GoodTrait>(g: G) { }
+
+  method QCaller(e: E, eMaybe: E?) {
+    Q(e);
+    Q(eMaybe); // error: type E? does not satisfy GoodTrait (because an E? may be null)
+    Q<E>(e);
+    Q<E>(eMaybe); // parameter "eMaybe" might not be of the type E, but that's checked by the verifier
+    Q<E?>(e); // error: type E? does not satisfy GoodTrait (because an E? may be null)
+    Q<E?>(eMaybe); // error: type E? does not satisfy GoodTrait (because an E? may be null)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b1e0d888a7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(20,30): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(22,26): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(24,34): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(26,36): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(4,24): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(6,21): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(8,24): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(8,24): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(11,31): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(14,26): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(18,38): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Z (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(28,26): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(28,26): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(38,6): Error: RHS (of type X) not assignable to LHS (of type Trait)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(39,11): Error: type test for type 'Trait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(40,11): Error: type test for type 'AnotherTrait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(41,11): Error: type test for type 'object' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(42,11): Error: type cast to reference type 'Trait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(44,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got X and Trait)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(56,11): Error: type Y does not have a member n
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(54,11): Error: type cast to trait type 'Trait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(55,12): Error: type cast to trait type 'Trait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(62,12): Error: type cast to reference type 'object' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Z')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(63,9): Error: type of 'null' is a reference type, but it is used as Z
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(69,9): Error: type of 'null' is a reference type, but it is used as Z
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(75,15): Error: type cast to trait type 'XTrait<int>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'T')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(76,15): Error: type cast to trait type 'XTrait<bool>' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'T')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(87,11): Error: type test for type 'Trait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(88,11): Error: type test for type 'X' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Trait')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(94,11): Error: type test for type 'Trait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(95,11): Error: type test for type 'X' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Trait')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(100,11): Error: type cast to trait type 'Trait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(101,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got X and Trait)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(102,22): Error: type test for type 'X' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Trait')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(103,11): Error: type test for type 'X' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Trait')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(113,11): Error: type cast to trait type 'Trait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(114,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got Y and Trait)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(115,11): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got Y and Trait)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(119,11): Error: type cast to trait type 'Trait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(120,11): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got Y and Trait)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(124,13): Error: type cast to reference type 'object' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(125,11): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got Y and object)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(129,13): Error: type cast to reference type 'object' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(130,11): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got Y and object)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(139,16): Error: type conversions are not supported to this type (got X)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(140,16): Error: type cast to trait type 'Trait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(141,16): Error: type cast to reference type 'Class' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(142,16): Error: type conversion to an int-based type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got X)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(156,11): Error: type bound must be a trait or a subset type based on a trait (got int)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(157,11): Error: type bound must be a trait or a subset type based on a trait (got array<Trait>)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(158,11): Error: type bound must be a trait or a subset type based on a trait (got Color)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(159,11): Error: type bound must be a trait or a subset type based on a trait (got Class?)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(220,14): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of method 'M0' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding method in the module it refines (expected 'Trait', found 'object')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(198,25): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the type in the module being refined (expected 'A', found 'B')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(199,25): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the type in the module being refined (expected 'A', found 'B')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(200,25): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the type in the module being refined (expected 'A', found 'B')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(203,23): Error: type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType1' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 1, found 0)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(204,23): Error: type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType2' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 0, found 1)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(206,23): Error: type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType3' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 2, found 1)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(208,23): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType5' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'object', found 'Trait')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(209,23): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType6' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'Trait', found 'object')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(209,23): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType6' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'object', found 'Trait')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(214,27): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of datatype 'ToBeReplaced1' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding datatype in the module it refines (expected 'Trait', found 'object')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(216,23): Error: type parameter 'A' of type 'ToBeReplaced3' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the corresponding type in the module it refines (expected 1, found 0)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(218,24): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of class 'ToBeReplaced5' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding class in the module it refines (expected 'Trait', found 'object')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(218,10): Error: type parameter ('A') passed to type 'ToBeReplaced5' must meet type bound 'object' (got 'A')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(251,12): Error: type parameter ('Y') passed to method 'MyMethod' must meet type bound 'Trait<string>' (got 'RandomClass<real>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(254,13): Error: type parameter ('Y') passed to function 'MyFunction' must meet type bound 'Trait<string>' (got 'RandomClass<char>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(257,18): Error: type parameter ('Y') passed to type 'MyClass' must meet type bound 'Trait<string>' (got 'RandomClass<int>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(257,18): Error: type parameter ('Y') passed to type 'MyClass' must meet type bound 'Trait<string>' (got 'RandomClass<int>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(268,15): Error: type parameter 'X' of function 'F' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the function it overrides (expected 1, found 2)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(269,13): Error: type bound for type parameter 'X' of method 'M' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the method it overrides (expected 'object', found 'object?')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(275,15): Error: type parameters in this function override are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the the function it overrides (expected 'X', got 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(294,40): Error: type bound for type parameter 'Y' of method 'M' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the method it overrides (expected 'GenericBound<X>', found 'GenericBound<int>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(300,15): Error: type parameters in this function override are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the the function it overrides (expected 'X', got 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(300,42): Error: type parameters in this function override are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the the function it overrides (expected 'Y', got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(301,13): Error: type bound for type parameter 'X' of method 'M' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the method it overrides (expected 'GenericBound<Y>', found 'GenericBound<int>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(302,21): Error: type bound for type parameter 'X' of method 'L' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the method it overrides (expected 'GenericBound<int>', found 'GenericBound<X>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(306,50): Error: type bound for type parameter 'Y' of method 'L' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the method it overrides (expected 'GenericBound<int>', found 'GenericBound<X>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(319,13): Error: RHS (of type X) not assignable to LHS (of type Parent)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(320,20): Error: type test for type 'XTrait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Parent')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(321,13): Error: RHS (of type Y) not assignable to LHS (of type Parent)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(322,20): Error: type test for type 'YTrait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'Parent')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(357,19): Error: type bound for type parameter 'B' of function 'F0' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding function in the module it refines (expected 'G<A>', found 'G<B>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(359,13): Error: the result type of function 'F2' (B) differs from the result type of the corresponding function in the module it refines (A)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(360,22): Error: there is a difference in name of parameter 0 ('b' versus 'a') of function F3 compared to corresponding function in the module it refines
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(363,17): Error: type bound for type parameter 'B' of method 'M0' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding method in the module it refines (expected 'G<A>', found 'G<B>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(365,31): Error: there is a difference in name of out-parameter 0 ('b' versus 'a') of method M2 compared to corresponding method in the module it refines
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(366,20): Error: there is a difference in name of in-parameter 0 ('b' versus 'a') of method M3 compared to corresponding method in the module it refines
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(352,23): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType0' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'G<A>', found 'G<B>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(353,26): Error: type bound for type parameter 'B' of abstract type 'AbstractType1' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'G<A>', found 'G<B>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(355,39): Error: type bound for type parameter 'B' of abstract type 'AbstractType3' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'G<A>', found 'H<A>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(378,15): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the datatype in the module being refined (expected 'X', found 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(399,11): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the type in the module being refined (expected 'X', found 'Z')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(401,12): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the class in the module being refined (expected 'X', found 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy[YY](394,23): Error: incorrect argument type for constructor in-parameter 'x' (expected X, found char)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(425,5): Error: type parameter ('G') passed to method 'M' must meet type bound 'GoodTrait' (got 'real')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(426,5): Error: type parameter ('G') passed to method 'M' must meet type bound 'GoodTrait' (got 'nat')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(440,5): Error: type parameter 2 ('T') passed to method 'P' must meet type bound 'ConstrainedReferenceTrait' (got 'ReferenceTrait')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(441,5): Error: type parameter 1 ('S') passed to method 'P' must meet type bound 'ReferenceTrait' (got 'ReferenceTrait?')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(442,5): Error: type parameter 2 ('T') passed to method 'P' must meet type bound 'ConstrainedReferenceTrait' (got 'ReferenceTrait?')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(459,5): Error: type parameter ('G') passed to method 'Q' must meet type bound 'GoodTrait' (got 'E?')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(462,9): Error: type parameter ('G') passed to method 'Q' must meet type bound 'GoodTrait' (got 'E?')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(463,9): Error: type parameter ('G') passed to method 'Q' must meet type bound 'GoodTrait' (got 'E?')
+104 resolution/type errors detected in BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..43f285bca79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(20,30): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(22,26): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(24,34): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(26,36): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(4,24): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(6,21): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(8,24): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(8,24): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(11,31): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(14,26): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(18,38): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Z (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(28,26): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(28,26): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: Unknown (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(40,11): Error: type test for type 'AnotherTrait' must be from an expression assignable to it (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(56,11): Error: member 'n' does not exist in type parameter 'Y'
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(63,9): Error: type of 'null' is a reference type, but it is used as Z
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(69,9): Error: type of 'null' is a reference type, but it is used as Z
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(76,15): Error: type cast to trait type 'XTrait<bool>' must be from an expression of a compatible type (got 'T')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(88,11): Error: an expression of type 'Trait' is not run-time checkable to be a 'X'
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(103,11): Error: an expression of type 'Trait' is not run-time checkable to be a 'X'
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(115,9): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 112 as 'Y(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(120,14): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got Trait)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(125,9): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 123 as 'Y(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(141,16): Error: type cast to reference type 'Class' must be from an expression of a compatible type (got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(142,16): Error: type conversion to an int-based type is allowed only from numeric and bitvector types, char, and ORDINAL (got X)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(156,11): Error: type bound must be a trait or a subset type based on a trait (got int)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(157,11): Error: type bound must be a trait or a subset type based on a trait (got array<Trait>)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(158,11): Error: type bound must be a trait or a subset type based on a trait (got Color)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(159,11): Error: type bound must be a trait or a subset type based on a trait (got Class?)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(220,14): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of method 'M0' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding method in the module it refines (expected 'Trait', found 'object')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(198,25): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the type in the module being refined (expected 'A', found 'B')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(199,25): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the type in the module being refined (expected 'A', found 'B')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(200,25): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the type in the module being refined (expected 'A', found 'B')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(203,23): Error: type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType1' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 1, found 0)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(204,23): Error: type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType2' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 0, found 1)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(206,23): Error: type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType3' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 2, found 1)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(208,23): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType5' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'object', found 'Trait')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(209,23): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType6' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'Trait', found 'object')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(209,23): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType6' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'object', found 'Trait')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(214,27): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of datatype 'ToBeReplaced1' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding datatype in the module it refines (expected 'Trait', found 'object')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(216,23): Error: type parameter 'A' of type 'ToBeReplaced3' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the corresponding type in the module it refines (expected 1, found 0)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(218,24): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of class 'ToBeReplaced5' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding class in the module it refines (expected 'Trait', found 'object')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(218,10): Error: type parameter ('A') passed to type 'ToBeReplaced5' must meet type bound 'object' (got 'A')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(251,12): Error: incorrect argument type for method in-parameter 'y0' (expected RandomClass?<string>, found RandomClass?<real>) (non-variant type parameter 'R' would require string = real)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(254,23): Error: incorrect argument type for function parameter 'y1' (expected RandomClass?<string>, found RandomClass?<char>) (non-variant type parameter 'R' would require string = char)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(257,14): Error: incorrect argument type for constructor in-parameter 'y2' (expected RandomClass?<string>, found RandomClass?<int>) (non-variant type parameter 'R' would require string = int)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(268,15): Error: type parameter 'X' of function 'F' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the function it overrides (expected 1, found 2)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(269,13): Error: type bound for type parameter 'X' of method 'M' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the method it overrides (expected 'object', found 'object?')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(275,15): Error: type parameters in this function override are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the the function it overrides (expected 'X', got 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(294,40): Error: type bound for type parameter 'Y' of method 'M' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the method it overrides (expected 'GenericBound<X>', found 'GenericBound<int>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(300,15): Error: type parameters in this function override are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the the function it overrides (expected 'X', got 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(300,42): Error: type parameters in this function override are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the the function it overrides (expected 'Y', got 'X')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(301,13): Error: type bound for type parameter 'X' of method 'M' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the method it overrides (expected 'GenericBound<Y>', found 'GenericBound<int>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(302,21): Error: type bound for type parameter 'X' of method 'L' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the method it overrides (expected 'GenericBound<int>', found 'GenericBound<X>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(306,50): Error: type bound for type parameter 'Y' of method 'L' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the method it overrides (expected 'GenericBound<int>', found 'GenericBound<X>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(357,19): Error: type bound for type parameter 'B' of function 'F0' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding function in the module it refines (expected 'G<A>', found 'G<B>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(359,13): Error: the result type of function 'F2' (B) differs from the result type of the corresponding function in the module it refines (A)
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(360,22): Error: there is a difference in name of parameter 0 ('b' versus 'a') of function F3 compared to corresponding function in the module it refines
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(363,17): Error: type bound for type parameter 'B' of method 'M0' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding method in the module it refines (expected 'G<A>', found 'G<B>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(365,31): Error: there is a difference in name of out-parameter 0 ('b' versus 'a') of method M2 compared to corresponding method in the module it refines
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(366,20): Error: there is a difference in name of in-parameter 0 ('b' versus 'a') of method M3 compared to corresponding method in the module it refines
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(352,23): Error: type bound for type parameter 'A' of abstract type 'AbstractType0' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'G<A>', found 'G<B>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(353,26): Error: type bound for type parameter 'B' of abstract type 'AbstractType1' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'G<A>', found 'G<B>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(355,39): Error: type bound for type parameter 'B' of abstract type 'AbstractType3' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding abstract type in the module it refines (expected 'G<A>', found 'H<A>')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(378,15): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the datatype in the module being refined (expected 'X', found 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(399,11): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the type in the module being refined (expected 'X', found 'Z')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(401,12): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the class in the module being refined (expected 'X', found 'Y')
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy[YY](394,28): Error: character literal used as if it had type int
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(425,4): Error: actual type argument 'real' for formal type parameter 'G' must satisfy the type bound 'GoodTrait'
+BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy(425,5): Error: actual type argument 'real' for formal type parameter 'G' must satisfy the type bound 'GoodTrait'
+70 resolution/type errors detected in BoundedPolymorphismResolution.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f2322ccf4f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,422 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --type-system-refresh --general-traits=datatype "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module As {
+  trait Parent { }
+  trait Trait extends Parent { }
+  trait TheOther extends Parent { }
+
+  method M<X extends Trait>(x: X) {
+    var a0 := x as X;
+    var a1 := x as Trait;
+    var a2 := x as Parent;
+    var a3 := (x as Parent) as TheOther; // error: cannot prove "as TheOther"
+  }
+
+  method N<X(==) extends Trait>(x: X) returns (b: bool) {
+    var t: Trait := x as Trait;
+    if * {
+      b := x == t as X; // fine
+    } else {
+      t := *;
+      b := x == t as X; // error: cannot prove the cast, because not every Trait is an X
+    }
+  }
+
+  method O<Z extends object?>(z: Z) {
+    var a := z as object?;
+    var b := z as object; // error: cannot verify correctness of cast
+  }
+
+  method P<Z extends object>(z: Z) {
+    var a := z as object?;
+    var b := z as object;
+  }
+}
+
+module Is {
+  trait Parent { }
+  trait Trait extends Parent { }
+  trait TheOther extends Parent { }
+
+  method M<X extends Trait>(x: X) {
+    var a0 := x is X;
+    var a1 := x is Trait;
+    var a2 := x is Parent;
+    var a3 := (x as Parent) is TheOther;
+
+    assert a0 && a1 && a2;
+    assert a3; // error: not known if a3 is a TheOther
+  }
+
+  method N<X(==) extends Trait>(x: X) returns (ghost b: bool) {
+    var t: Trait := x as Trait;
+    if * {
+      b := t is X;
+      assert b;
+    } else {
+      t := *;
+      b := t is X;
+      assert b; // error: not every Trait is an X
+    }
+  }
+
+  method O<Z extends object?>(z: Z) {
+    var a := z is object?;
+    assert a;
+    var b := z is object;
+    assert b; // error: assertion not provable
+  }
+
+  method P<Z extends object>(z: Z) {
+    var a := z is object?;
+    var b := z is object;
+    assert a && b;
+  }
+}
+
+module Equality {
+  method Eq<Y(==) extends object>(y: Y) returns (b: bool, obj: object) {
+    obj := y as object;
+    b := y == obj; // both Y and object support equality, so we're good to compare
+    assert b;
+  }
+}
+
+module TypeBoundKnowledge {
+  trait Parent { }
+  trait XTrait extends Parent { }
+  trait YTrait extends Parent { }
+
+  datatype Dt<X extends XTrait> = Dt(x: X)
+  {
+    method M<Y extends YTrait>(y: Y) {
+      var parent: Parent;
+      parent := x;
+      assert parent is XTrait;
+      parent := y;
+      assert parent is YTrait;
+    }
+
+    function F<Y extends YTrait>(y: Y): int {
+      var parentX: Parent := x;
+      assert parentX is XTrait;
+      var parentY: Parent := y;
+      assert parentY is YTrait;
+      15
+    }
+
+    const K := (x: X) =>
+      var parentX: Parent := x;
+      assert parentX is XTrait;
+      17
+
+    method Negative(xtrait: XTrait) {
+      assert xtrait is X; // error
+    }
+  }
+
+  trait Base<X extends XTrait, W extends XTrait> {
+    method M<Y extends YTrait>(z: int, y: Y, x: X, w: W)
+      requires z == 5
+      requires x is Parent && w is XTrait // this is always true
+    twostate function F<Y extends YTrait>(z: int, y: Y, x: X, w: W): int
+      requires z == 5
+  }
+
+  class XClass extends XTrait { }
+
+  class Class<XX extends XTrait> extends Base<XX, XClass> {
+    method M<Y extends YTrait>(z: int, y: Y, x: XX, w: XClass)
+      requires z == if y is YTrait then 5 else 7
+      requires z == if x is XTrait then 5 else 7
+    {
+    }
+    twostate function F<Y extends YTrait>(z: int, y: Y, x: XX, w: XClass): int
+      requires z == if y is YTrait then 5 else 7
+      requires z == if x is XTrait then 5 else 7
+    {
+      17
+    }
+  }
+
+  class Nope<XX extends XTrait> extends Base<XX, XClass> {
+    method M<Y extends YTrait>(z: int, y: Y, x: XX, w: XClass) // error: precondition does not follow from parent trait
+      requires z == if y as Parent is YTrait then 100 else 700
+    {
+    }
+    twostate function F<Y extends YTrait>(z: int, y: Y, x: XX, w: XClass): int // error: precondition does not follow from parent trait
+      requires z == if y as Parent is XTrait then 100 else 700
+    {
+      17
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module Boxing {
+  trait Trait extends object { }
+  
+  method P<Z extends Trait>(z: Z) {
+    var a := z as Trait?;
+    var b := z as Trait;
+    
+    var obj: object? := z;
+    assert obj is Trait?;
+    assert obj is Trait;
+  }
+
+  method O<Z extends Trait?>(z: Z) {
+    var a := z as Trait?;
+    if z as object? != null {
+      var b0 := z as Trait;
+    }
+    var b1 := z as Trait; // error: since z may be null
+  }
+}
+
+module MoreBoxing {
+  trait Trait extends object { }
+
+  method P0<Z extends Trait>(z: Z) returns (obj: object?) {
+    obj := z;
+    assert true;
+  }
+
+  class Cell { var obj: object? }
+
+  method P1<Z extends Trait>(z: Z) returns (c: Cell) {
+    c := new Cell;
+    c.obj := z;
+    assert true;
+  }
+
+  method P2<Z extends Trait>(z: Z) returns (obj: array<object?>) {
+    obj := new object?[1];
+    obj[0] := z as object?; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+    assert true;
+  }
+
+  method P3<Z extends Trait>(z: Z) returns (obj: array2<object?>) {
+    obj := new object?[1, 1];
+    obj[0, 0] := z as object?; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+    assert true;
+  }
+
+  datatype Record = Record(obj: object?)
+
+  method P4<Z extends Trait>(z: Z) returns (r: Record) {
+    r := Record(z);
+    r := r.(obj := z);
+    assert true;
+  }
+
+  method M<Z extends Trait>(obj: object?, z: Z) returns (r: object?) {
+    return z;
+  }
+
+  method P5<Z extends Trait>(z: Z) returns (obj: object?) {
+    obj := M(z, z);
+    assert true;
+  }
+
+  function F(obj: object?): int { 4 }
+
+  method P6<Z extends Trait>(z: Z) returns (u: int) {
+    u := F(z);
+    assert true;
+  }
+
+  method P7<Z extends Trait>(z: Z) returns (u: int) {
+    u := var obj: object? := z;
+      assert obj == null || obj != null;
+      14;
+    assert true;
+  }
+
+  method P8<Z extends Trait>(z: Z, t: Trait) returns (s: seq<Trait>) {
+    s := [z];
+    s := [z as Trait, t]; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+    s := s[0 := z];
+    assert s[0] == z as Trait;
+    assert z in s;
+    assert !(z !in s);
+    assert true;
+  }
+
+  method P9<Z(==) extends Trait>(z: Z, t: Trait) returns (m: map<Trait, Trait>, mi: map<Trait, Trait>) {
+    m := map[z := z];
+    m := m[z as Trait := z as Trait]; // TODO: these casts should not be needed
+    mi := map[z := z];
+    mi := mi[z as Trait := z as Trait]; // TODO: these casts should not be needed
+
+    m := map[z as Trait := t];
+    m := m[z as Trait := t];
+    mi := map[z as Trait := t];
+    mi := mi[z as Trait := t];
+
+    m := map[t := z as Trait];
+    m := m[t := z as Trait];
+    mi := map[t := z as Trait];
+    mi := mi[t := z as Trait];
+
+    if t == z as Trait {
+      assert z in m;
+      assert !(z !in m);
+      assert z in mi;
+      assert !(z !in mi);
+    }
+  }
+
+  method P10<Z(==) extends Trait>(z: Z, t: Trait) returns (m: multiset<Trait>) {
+    m := multiset{z, z};
+    m := multiset{z as Trait, t}; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+    m := m[z as Trait := 13]; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+    assert z in m;
+    assert !(z !in m);
+  }
+
+  method P11<Z(==) extends Trait>(z: Z, t: Trait) returns (s: set<Trait>, si: iset<Trait>) {
+    s := {z};
+    s := {z as Trait, t}; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+    assert z in s;
+    assert !(z !in s);
+
+    si := iset{z};
+    si := iset{z as Trait, t}; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+    assert z in si;
+    assert !(z !in si);
+  }
+
+  method P12<Z(==) extends Trait>(z: Z, t: Trait) returns (s: set<Trait>, si: iset<Trait>) {
+    var A := {z};
+    var B := {z as Trait, t};
+    s := set u: Trait | u in A;
+    s := set u: Trait | u in B; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+    si := iset u: Trait | u in A;
+    si := iset u: Trait | u in B; // TODO: this cast should not be needed
+  }
+
+  method P14<Z(==) extends Trait>(z: Z, t: Trait) {
+    assert allocated(z);
+  }
+
+  method P15<Z(==) extends Trait>(s: set<Z>)
+    modifies s as set<Trait>
+  {
+  }
+
+  function F16<Z(==) extends Trait>(s: set<Z>): int
+    reads s as set<Trait>
+  {
+    10
+  }
+}
+
+module TestThatOverrideCheckHasEnoughInformationAboutTypeBounds {
+  trait TrTrParent { }
+  trait TrTr extends TrTrParent { }
+
+  trait Parent extends object {
+    function F<W extends TrTr>(u: nat, w: W): W
+      requires u % 5 == 0
+      reads this
+      ensures w == w
+
+    method M<W extends TrTr>(u: nat, w: W) returns (wo: W)
+      requires u % 5 == 0
+      modifies this
+      ensures w == wo
+  }
+
+  class Cell extends Parent {
+    var data: int
+
+    function F<W extends TrTr>(u: nat, w: W): W
+      requires u % 5 == 0
+      requires w as TrTrParent is TrTr // the proof that this condition is "true" requires the type-bound axioms
+      reads this
+      ensures w == w
+    {
+      var m := u + data;
+      var o := 2 * if m < 0 then -m else m;
+      w
+    }
+
+    method M<W extends TrTr>(u: nat, w: W) returns (wo: W)
+      requires u % 5 == 0
+      modifies this
+      ensures wo as TrTrParent is TrTr ==> wo == w
+    {
+      return w;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module Variance {
+  class Generic<X> { }
+  datatype Covariant<+X> = Make(value: X)
+
+  method TestAutoConversions()
+  {
+    var g: Generic<int> := new Generic<int>;
+    var h: Generic<nat> := new Generic<nat>;
+    if * {
+      g := h; // error: non-compatible types
+    } else {
+      h := g; // error: non-compatible types
+    }
+  }
+
+  method TestExplicitConversions()
+  {
+    var g: Generic<int> := new Generic<int>;
+    var h: Generic<nat> := new Generic<nat>;
+    if * {
+      g := h as Generic<int>; // error: non-compatible types
+    } else {
+      h := g as Generic<nat>; // error: non-compatible types
+    }
+  }
+
+  method TestCovariance() {
+    var g: Covariant<int> := Covariant<int>.Make(5);
+    var h: Covariant<nat> := Covariant<nat>.Make(5);
+    if * {
+      g := h;
+      g := h as Covariant<int>; // (legacy error)
+    } else {
+      h := g;
+      h := g as Covariant<nat>; // (legacy error)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module BadBounds {
+  trait ReferenceTrait extends object {
+    const u: int
+  }
+
+  type ConstrainedReferenceTrait = r: ReferenceTrait | r.u < 100 witness *
+
+  method P<R extends ReferenceTrait?, S extends ReferenceTrait, T extends ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(r: R, s: S, t: T) { }
+
+  method PCaller(r: ReferenceTrait?, s: ReferenceTrait, t: ConstrainedReferenceTrait) {
+    P<ReferenceTrait?, ReferenceTrait, ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(r, s, t);
+    P<ReferenceTrait?, ReferenceTrait, ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(t, t, t);
+    // The following errors are ordinary parameter-type-mismatch errors; the explicit type arguments do satisfy their required bounds
+    P<ReferenceTrait?, ReferenceTrait, ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(s, s, s); // error: argument 2 is not a ConstrainedReferenceTrait
+    P<ReferenceTrait?, ReferenceTrait, ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(r, r, t); // error: argument 1 is not a ReferenceTrait
+    P<ReferenceTrait?, ReferenceTrait, ConstrainedReferenceTrait>(r, s, r); // error: argument 2 is not a ConstrainedReferenceTrait
+  }
+
+  trait GoodTrait { }
+
+  class E extends GoodTrait { }
+
+  method Q<G extends GoodTrait>(g: G) { }
+
+  method QCaller(e: E, eMaybe: E?) {
+    Q<E>(e);
+    Q<E>(eMaybe); // error: eMaybe may be null
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bcfd350ccb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(13,28): Error: value of expression (of type 'Parent') is not known to be an instance of type 'TheOther'
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(22,18): Error: value of expression (of type 'Trait') is not known to be an instance of type 'X'
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(28,15): Error: value of expression (of type 'Z') is not known to be an instance of type 'object'
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(49,11): Error: assertion might not hold
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(60,13): Error: assertion might not hold
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(68,11): Error: assertion might not hold
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(115,20): Error: assertion might not hold
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(144,4): Error: the method must provide an equal or more permissive precondition than in its parent trait
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(148,22): Error: the function must provide an equal or more permissive precondition than in its parent trait
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(173,16): Error: value of expression (of type 'Z') is not known to be an instance of type 'Trait'
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(364,11): Error: value of expression (of type 'Generic<nat>') is not known to be an instance of type 'Generic<int>'
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(366,11): Error: value of expression (of type 'Generic<int>') is not known to be an instance of type 'Generic<nat>'
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(375,13): Error: value of expression (of type 'Generic<nat>') is not known to be an instance of type 'Generic<int>'
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(377,13): Error: value of expression (of type 'Generic<int>') is not known to be an instance of type 'Generic<nat>'
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(407,72): Error: value of expression (of type 'ReferenceTrait') is not known to be an instance of type 'ConstrainedReferenceTrait'
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(408,69): Error: value of expression (of type 'ReferenceTrait?') is not known to be an instance of type 'ReferenceTrait', because it might be null
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(409,72): Error: value of expression (of type 'ReferenceTrait?') is not known to be an instance of type 'ConstrainedReferenceTrait'
+BoundedPolymorphismVerification.dfy(420,9): Error: value of expression (of type 'E?') is not known to be an instance of type 'E', because it might be null
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 33 verified, 18 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ByMethod.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ByMethod.dfy.expect
index aedb5a1ea5c..0b4010a5344 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ByMethod.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ByMethod.dfy.expect
@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@ ByMethod.dfy(38,18): Error: this invariant could not be proved to be maintained
  Related message: loop invariant violation
 ByMethod.dfy(42,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 ByMethod.dfy(35,4): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-ByMethod.dfy(47,11): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+ByMethod.dfy(50,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 ByMethod.dfy(48,12): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-ByMethod.dfy(55,11): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+ByMethod.dfy(58,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 ByMethod.dfy(56,12): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 ByMethod.dfy(60,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 ByMethod.dfy(59,4): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-ByMethod.dfy(63,12): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+ByMethod.dfy(66,12): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 ByMethod.dfy(64,27): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 ByMethod.dfy(68,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 ByMethod.dfy(67,4): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-ByMethod.dfy(71,12): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+ByMethod.dfy(74,12): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 ByMethod.dfy(72,27): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 ByMethod.dfy(93,11): Error: decreases clause might not decrease
 ByMethod.dfy(102,11): Error: decreases clause might not decrease
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallBy.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallBy.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6d83e1da819
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallBy.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=4 "%s" -- --standard-libraries
+
+import opened Std.Wrappers
+
+opaque predicate P() { true }
+
+lemma ProveP() ensures P() {
+  reveal P();
+}
+
+method NeedsP()
+  requires P()
+{}
+
+method NeedsPAndReturns3() returns (r: int)
+  requires P()
+  ensures r == 3
+{ r := 3; }
+
+method NeedsPAndReturnsNone() returns (r: Option<int>)
+  requires P()
+{ r := None; }
+
+method A() {
+  NeedsP() by { ProveP(); }
+  assert P(); // Should fail
+}
+
+method B() {
+  var v: int;
+  v := NeedsPAndReturns3() by { reveal P(); }
+  assert P(); // Should fail
+}
+
+method C() {
+  assert p: P() by { ProveP(); }
+  var v := NeedsPAndReturns3() by { reveal p; }
+  assert v == 3;  // should pass
+  assert P(); // should fail
+}
+
+method D() returns (r: Option<int>){
+  var v: int;
+  v :- NeedsPAndReturnsNone() by {
+    match false {
+      case true => assert true;
+      case false => ProveP();
+    }
+  }
+  assert P(); // should fail
+  r := None;
+}
+
+method E() returns (r: Option<int>){
+  var v :- NeedsPAndReturnsNone() by { reveal P(); }
+  assert P(); //  should fail
+  r := None;
+}
+
+greatest predicate G(x: int) { x == 0 || G(x-2) }
+
+greatest lemma F(x: int)
+  ensures G(x)
+{
+  F(x-2) by { ProveP(); }
+  assert P(); // should fail
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallBy.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallBy.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b4849841fcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallBy.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+CallBy.dfy(26,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+CallBy.dfy(32,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+CallBy.dfy(39,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+CallBy.dfy(50,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+CallBy.dfy(56,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+CallBy.dfy(66,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 6 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByHide.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByHide.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..31e5fe5fb51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByHide.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// RUN: ! %verify --type-system-refresh %s > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+predicate P() { true }
+
+method NeedsP()
+  requires P()
+{}
+
+method M()
+  ensures P()
+{
+  hide P;
+  NeedsP() by { reveal P(); }
+  assert P(); // should fail
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByHide.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByHide.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ef939499206
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByHide.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+CallByHide.dfy(15,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution0.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution0.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b41b04b16ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution0.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=2 "%s"
+
+method M() {}
+
+method A() {
+  var i: int := 0;
+  M() by {
+    i := 1;
+    return;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution0.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution0.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d6ed0c40058
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution0.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+CallByResolution0.dfy(8,6): Error: assignment to non-ghost variable is not allowed in this context, because the statement is in a ghost context; e.g., it may be guarded by a specification-only expression
+CallByResolution0.dfy(9,4): Error: return statement is not allowed in this context (because it is guarded by a specification-only expression)
+2 resolution/type errors detected in CallByResolution0.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution1.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution1.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..334dacf2fa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution1.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=2 "%s"
+
+method M() {}
+
+method B() {
+  var i := 0;
+  while i < 3 {
+    M() by {
+      break;
+    }
+    i := i + 1;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution1.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution1.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..66d1c739208
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CallByResolution1.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+CallByResolution1.dfy(9,6): Error: a non-labeled 'break' statement is allowed only in loops
+1 resolution/type errors detected in CallByResolution1.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CoinductiveProofs.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CoinductiveProofs.dfy
index 0dd23e75d94..f89bf98bb9d 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CoinductiveProofs.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CoinductiveProofs.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=4 "%s" -- --allow-deprecation
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=4 "%s" -- --allow-deprecation --performance-stats=1
 
 
 codatatype Stream<T> = Cons(head: T, tail: Stream)
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CoinductiveProofs.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CoinductiveProofs.dfy.expect
index c20c2c38b64..d56b584921a 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CoinductiveProofs.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CoinductiveProofs.dfy.expect
@@ -31,3 +31,5 @@ CoinductiveProofs.dfy(208,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that
 CoinductiveProofs.dfy(4,23): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 23 verified, 12 errors
+Total resources used is 770796
+Max resources used by VC is 60436
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CompilationErrors.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CompilationErrors.dfy.expect
index 5427dd2dd02..f7fdd8b5b6e 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CompilationErrors.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CompilationErrors.dfy.expect
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ CompilationErrors.dfy(43,6): Warning: assume statement has no {:axiom} annotatio
 CompilationErrors.dfy(55,11): Warning: assume keyword in update-with-failure statement has no {:axiom} annotation
 CompilationErrors.dfy(60,16): Warning: assume keyword in assign-such-that statement has no {:axiom} annotation
 CompilationErrors.dfy(12,6): Warning: assume statement has no {:axiom} annotation
-CompilationErrors.dfy(71,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: x)
-CompilationErrors.dfy(73,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, x)
-CompilationErrors.dfy(83,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: x)
-CompilationErrors.dfy(85,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, x)
+CompilationErrors.dfy(71,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: x)
+CompilationErrors.dfy(73,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, x)
+CompilationErrors.dfy(83,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: x)
+CompilationErrors.dfy(85,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, x)
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 7 verified, 0 errors
 CompilationErrors.dfy(7,7): Error: Method _module._default.P has no body so it cannot be compiled
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Constant.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Constant.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Constant.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CustomErrorMesage.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CustomErrorMesage.dfy.expect
index bfe1cb69107..4a8e4870fe4 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CustomErrorMesage.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/CustomErrorMesage.dfy.expect
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ CustomErrorMesage.dfy(6,45): Error: m: x must be positive
 CustomErrorMesage.dfy(10,45): Error: f: x must be positive
 CustomErrorMesage.dfy(15,2): Error: when calling foo, you must supply a positive x
 CustomErrorMesage.dfy(19,71): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
-CustomErrorMesage.dfy(18,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+CustomErrorMesage.dfy(22,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 CustomErrorMesage.dfy(20,85): Related location: cannot establish that return value of foo is always negative
 CustomErrorMesage.dfy(26,14): Error: a precondition for this call could not be proved
 CustomErrorMesage.dfy(30,71): Related location: when calling bar, you must supply a positive x
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo1.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo1.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..abe3deebe5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo1.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+method GoodInstances(x: int, y: int) {
+  assert (true decreases to false);
+  assert (1 decreases to 0);
+  assert (x decreases to x - 1);
+  assert (x, y decreases to x, y - 1);
+  var s := {x, y, x*y};
+  var s' := s - {x};
+  assert  (s, s, s decreases to s, s, s') ;
+  assert (0 nonincreases to 0);
+}
+
+method Nested() {
+  assert (true, (true decreases to false)) == (true, true);
+}
+
+method BadInstance1() {
+  assert (0 decreases to 1);
+}
+
+method BadInstance2(x: int) {
+  assert (x - 1 decreases to x);
+}
+
+method BadInstance3(x: int, y: int) {
+  assert (x, y - 1 decreases to x, y);
+}
+
+// The following are failures in termination proofs, used to test the
+// assertions printed with `--show-proof-obligation-expressions`
+
+datatype List = Nil | Cons(head: int, tail: List)
+
+function BadUp(m: nat, n: nat): List
+  requires m <= n
+  decreases n + m
+{
+  if m == n then Nil else Cons(m, BadUp(m+1, n))
+}
+
+method BadUpM(m: nat, n: nat) returns (r: List)
+  requires m <= n
+  decreases n + m
+{
+  if m == n {
+    r := Nil;
+  } else {
+    var r' := BadUpM(m+1, n);
+    r := Cons(m, r');
+  }
+}
+
+method BadLoop(x: int, y: int) {
+  var x' := x;
+  var y' := x;
+  while x' + y' > 0
+    decreases x'
+  {
+    if x' > y' {
+      x' := x' - 1;
+    } else {
+      y' := y' - 1;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+method BadInstance4() {
+  assert (0 nonincreases to 1);
+}
+
+method BadInstance5(i: int, b: bool) {
+  assert (i decreases to b);
+}
+
+method BadInstance6() {
+  assert (0 decreases to false);
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo1.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo1.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b8e59009151
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo1.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+DecreasesTo1.dfy(19,9): Error: assertion might not hold
+ Asserted expression: 0 decreases to 1
+DecreasesTo1.dfy(23,9): Error: assertion might not hold
+ Asserted expression: x - 1 decreases to x
+DecreasesTo1.dfy(27,9): Error: assertion might not hold
+ Asserted expression: x, y - 1 decreases to x, y
+DecreasesTo1.dfy(39,34): Error: decreases clause might not decrease
+ Asserted expression: n + m decreases to n + m + 1
+DecreasesTo1.dfy(49,20): Error: decreases clause might not decrease
+ Asserted expression: old(n + m) decreases to n + m + 1
+DecreasesTo1.dfy(57,2): Error: decreases expression might not decrease
+ Asserted expression: old@LoopEntry(prev_x') decreases to x'
+   with the label `LoopEntry` applied to the loop
+   and with the following declarations at the beginning of the loop body:
+     var prev_x': int := x';
+     var prev_y': int := y';
+DecreasesTo1.dfy(69,9): Error: assertion might not hold
+ Asserted expression: 0 nonincreases to 1
+DecreasesTo1.dfy(73,9): Error: assertion might not hold
+ Asserted expression: i decreases to b
+DecreasesTo1.dfy(77,9): Error: assertion might not hold
+ Asserted expression: 0 decreases to false
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 9 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo2.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo2.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4282eaf5cb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo2.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 2 %resolve "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method BadParse1() {
+  assert (1 decreases to);
+}
+
+method BadParse3() {
+  assert (1 decreases);
+}
+
+method BadParse2() {
+  assert (decreases to);
+}
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo2.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo2.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0249f33edcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo2.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+DecreasesTo2.dfy(5,24): Error: invalid UnaryExpression
+DecreasesTo2.dfy(9,21): Error: ident expected
+DecreasesTo2.dfy(9,12): Error: expected 'to'
+DecreasesTo2.dfy(13,10): Error: invalid ParensExpression
+4 parse errors detected in DecreasesTo2.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo3.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo3.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..14397e9dbaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo3.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method M1() {
+  assert (1 decreases to 0) && (0 decreases to 1);
+}
+
+method M2() {
+  assert (0 decreases to 1);
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo3.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo3.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..070cc77e7cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo3.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+DecreasesTo3.dfy(5,32): Error: assertion might not hold
+ Asserted expression: 1 decreases to 0 && 0 decreases to 1
+DecreasesTo3.dfy(9,9): Error: assertion might not hold
+ Asserted expression: 0 decreases to 1
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 2 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo4.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo4.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..06485e9a3b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo4.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 2 %resolve "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+//
+method M3(x: int) {
+  assert (x := 1 decreases to x - 1);
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo4.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo4.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a2fa6a2e0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo4.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+DecreasesTo4.dfy(5,10): Error: bindings are not allowed in `decreases to` expressions.
+1 parse errors detected in DecreasesTo4.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo5.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo5.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..143f6a6c655
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo5.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 2 %resolve "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+//
+method NonGhost(x: int) {
+  expect (x - 1 decreases to x);
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo5.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo5.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ab4e0a5f6b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DecreasesTo5.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+DecreasesTo5.dfy(5,16): Error: a `decreases to` expression is allowed only in specification and ghost contexts
+1 resolution/type errors detected in DecreasesTo5.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DefaultParameters.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DefaultParameters.dfy.expect
index 374679dc3f9..91e6a31a26e 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DefaultParameters.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DefaultParameters.dfy.expect
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ DefaultParameters.dfy(178,41): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constrai
 DefaultParameters.dfy(179,33): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
 DefaultParameters.dfy(180,35): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
 DefaultParameters.dfy(180,35): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
-DefaultParameters.dfy(181,40): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
+DefaultParameters.dfy(181,37): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
 DefaultParameters.dfy(194,39): Error: default-value expression is not allowed to involve recursive or mutually recursive calls
 DefaultParameters.dfy(200,40): Error: default-value expression is not allowed to involve recursive or mutually recursive calls
 DefaultParameters.dfy(211,62): Error: default-value expression is not allowed to involve recursive or mutually recursive calls
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Definedness.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Definedness.dfy.expect
index 22b363ea16b..9a6e1e5b3d8 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Definedness.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Definedness.dfy.expect
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ Definedness.dfy(196,18): Error: possible division by zero
 Definedness.dfy(196,22): Error: this loop invariant could not be proved on entry
  Related message: loop invariant violation
 Definedness.dfy(196,27): Error: possible division by zero
-Definedness.dfy(215,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+Definedness.dfy(219,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Definedness.dfy(217,45): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 Definedness.dfy(224,21): Error: target object might be null
-Definedness.dfy(237,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+Definedness.dfy(242,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Definedness.dfy(240,23): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 9 verified, 37 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DirtyLoops.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DirtyLoops.dfy.expect
index 6b336d73260..f02001767cf 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DirtyLoops.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DirtyLoops.dfy.expect
@@ -1,47 +1,47 @@
 DirtyLoops.dfy(515,2): Warning: the conclusion of the body of this forall statement will not be known outside the forall statement; consider using an 'ensures' clause
-DirtyLoops.dfy(26,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(35,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(46,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(55,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(68,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(80,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s, r)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(88,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body
-DirtyLoops.dfy(106,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(118,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(130,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(145,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(159,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(173,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(189,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(203,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(216,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(229,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(242,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(251,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(260,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(268,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(279,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(293,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(305,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(319,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(332,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(343,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(354,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(365,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(377,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(388,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(400,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(413,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(497,2): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-DirtyLoops.dfy(504,2): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-DirtyLoops.dfy(512,2): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-DirtyLoops.dfy(515,2): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-DirtyLoops.dfy(531,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: x)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(427,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(436,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(452,6): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(468,6): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy(485,6): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: j, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(26,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(35,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(46,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(55,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(68,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(80,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s, r)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(88,2): Warning: this loop has no body
+DirtyLoops.dfy(106,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(118,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(130,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(145,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(159,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(173,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(189,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(203,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(216,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(229,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(242,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(251,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(260,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(268,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(279,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(293,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(305,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(319,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(332,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(343,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(354,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(365,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(377,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(388,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(400,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(413,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(497,2): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+DirtyLoops.dfy(504,2): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+DirtyLoops.dfy(512,2): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+DirtyLoops.dfy(515,2): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+DirtyLoops.dfy(531,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: x)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(427,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(436,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(452,6): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(468,6): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy(485,6): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: j, $Heap)
 DirtyLoops.dfy(515,2): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 DirtyLoops.dfy(30,11): Error: assertion might not hold
 DirtyLoops.dfy(39,11): Error: assertion might not hold
@@ -93,49 +93,49 @@ DirtyLoops.dfy(533,11): Error: assertion might not hold
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 22 verified, 46 errors
 DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(408,2): Warning: the conclusion of the body of this forall statement will not be known outside the forall statement; consider using an 'ensures' clause
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(6,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(16,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(27,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(36,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(50,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(63,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s, r)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(72,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(82,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(94,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(106,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(121,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(135,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(149,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(165,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(179,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(192,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(205,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(218,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(227,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(236,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(244,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(254,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(267,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(280,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(294,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(307,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(318,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(329,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(340,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(352,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(363,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(373,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(384,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(390,2): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(397,2): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(406,2): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(408,2): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(414,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: x)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(444,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(453,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(469,6): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(485,6): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
-DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(502,6): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: j, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(6,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(16,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(27,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(36,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(50,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(63,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, s, r)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(72,2): Warning: this loop has no body
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(82,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(94,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(106,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(121,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(135,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(149,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(165,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(179,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(192,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(205,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(218,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(227,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(236,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(244,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(254,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(267,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(280,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(294,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(307,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(318,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(329,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(340,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(352,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(363,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(373,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(384,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, k, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(390,2): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(397,2): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(406,2): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(408,2): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(414,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: x)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(444,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(453,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(469,6): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(485,6): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(502,6): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: j, $Heap)
 DirtyLoops.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(408,2): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 
 Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DiscoverBounds.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DiscoverBounds.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9aef9ec31ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DiscoverBounds.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Unsupported:\ <i>Cannot\ assign\ null\ value\ to\ variable</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DividedConstructors.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DividedConstructors.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/DividedConstructors.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/EqualityTypesCompile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/EqualityTypesCompile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cf9f9aeeafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/EqualityTypesCompile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0369]: binary operation `==` cannot be applied to type `Rc<List<_A>>`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy.expect
index ff000428363..cc5719be68f 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy.expect
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy(293,7): Error: == can only be applied to expressi
 EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy(318,7): Error: type 'A' declared as supporting equality, but the RHS type (QQQ1.Syn<int>) might not
 EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy(333,7): Error: type 'ExportedType' declared as supporting equality, but the RHS type (PrivateType<A>) might not
 EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy(381,4): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got List<A>)
-EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy(401,9): Warning: note, this export set is empty (did you perhaps forget the 'provides' or 'reveals' keyword?)
+EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy(401,9): Warning: this export set is empty (did you perhaps forget the 'provides' or 'reveals' keyword?)
 EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy(444,7): Error: type 'Synonym' declared as being nonempty, but the RHS type (Empty) may be empty
 EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy(445,7): Error: type 'AnotherSynonym' declared as being nonempty, but the RHS type (Empty) may be empty
 EqualityTypesModuleExports.dfy(448,7): Error: type 'NESynonym' declared as auto-initialization type, but the RHS type (NonEmpty) does not support auto-initialization
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ExternNegative2.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ExternNegative2.dfy
index bd56ec404d3..642a04d6cc0 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ExternNegative2.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ExternNegative2.dfy
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ module {:extern "Modx"} Mod1
 {
   class {:extern "classx"} Class1
   {
-    static ghost function {:extern "Fun1x"} Fun1() : int
+    static ghost function {:axiom} {:extern "Fun1x"} Fun1() : int
       ensures Fun1() > 0
-    static method {:extern "Method1x"} Method1() returns (x: int)
+    static method {:axiom} {:extern "Method1x"} Method1() returns (x: int)
       ensures x > 0
     static ghost function Fun2() : int
       ensures Fun2() > 0
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForLoops-Resolution.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForLoops-Resolution.dfy.expect
index 76de5773c2e..2cd1feee1f3 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForLoops-Resolution.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForLoops-Resolution.dfy.expect
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(148,8): Error: index variable is expected to be of an in
 ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(153,8): Error: index variable is expected to be of an integer type (got ORDINAL)
 ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(158,8): Error: index variable is expected to be of an integer type (got char)
 ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(167,6): Error: LHS of assignment must denote a mutable variable
-ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(199,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(204,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, y)
-ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(210,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
+ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(199,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(204,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, y)
+ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(210,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, $Heap)
 ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(243,8): Error: a 'break break' statement is allowed only in contexts with 2 enclosing loops, but the current context only has 1
 ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(256,10): Error: a 'break break break' statement is allowed only in contexts with 3 enclosing loops, but the current context only has 2
 ForLoops-Resolution.dfy(297,16): Error: break label is undefined or not in scope: D
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForLoops.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForLoops.dfy.expect
index 320febf7549..57e9a18b9a9 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForLoops.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForLoops.dfy.expect
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-ForLoops.dfy(333,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, j)
-ForLoops.dfy(342,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, j)
-ForLoops.dfy(351,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, j)
-ForLoops.dfy(360,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, j)
-ForLoops.dfy(369,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, x)
+ForLoops.dfy(333,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, j)
+ForLoops.dfy(342,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, j)
+ForLoops.dfy(351,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, j)
+ForLoops.dfy(360,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, j)
+ForLoops.dfy(369,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, x)
 ForLoops.dfy(19,13): Error: assertion might not hold
 ForLoops.dfy(24,11): Error: lower bound must not exceed upper bound
 ForLoops.dfy(116,11): Error: assertion might not hold
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForallCompilationNewSyntax.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForallCompilationNewSyntax.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForallCompilationNewSyntax.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminism.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminism.dfy
index 48ed58160d2..024565ee406 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminism.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminism.dfy
@@ -1,62 +1,6 @@
-// RUN: ! %verify "%s" > "%t"
-// RUN: ! %baredafny run %args --enforce-determinism "%s" >> "%t"
+// RUN: ! %verify --enforce-determinism "%s" > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
-class C {
-  var f: real
-}
-
-predicate P(z: int) { true }
-
-method M(c: C, u: int) returns (r: int)
-  modifies c
-  decreases *
-{
-  var x := 3;  // fine
-  var y;  // this statement by itself is nondeterministic, but by itself is not an error
-  if u < 10 {
-    r := y;  // error: definite-assignment violation
-  } else if u < 20 {
-    y := 4;
-    r := y;  // fine
-  } else if u < 30 {
-    y := 4;
-    y := *;  // compiler error under deterministic rules
-    r := y;  // allowed by definite-assignment rules, but the previous line is reported by compiler
-  }
-  r := x;
-}
-
-method OutputParameters0(x: int) returns (s: int, t: int)
-{
-  return x, x+45;  // yes, this is legal
-}
-
-method OutputParameters1(x: int) returns (s: int, t: int)
-{
-  if x < 100 {
-    return;  // error (x2): this may leave s and t undefined
-  } else {
-    var y := x + s;  // error: this uses s before it may be defined
-  }
-}  // error: this may leave t undefined (s, too, but it has been checked on all paths leading here)
-
-method DeclWithHavoc()
-{
-  var a: int := *; // this counts as a definite assignment
-  var b: int;  // fine, since b is never used
-  var c := a;
-}
-
-type PossiblyEmpty = x: int | true witness *
-
-method MoreDeclWithHavoc()
-{
-  var a: PossiblyEmpty := *; // this does NOT count as a definite assignment for a possibly-empty type
-  var b: PossiblyEmpty;  // fine, since b is never used
-  var c := a; // error: a is used without being definitely assigned
-}
-
 class CK {
   var x: int
   var y: int
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminism.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminism.dfy.expect
index 3a3b095195c..2cd5cf89b77 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminism.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminism.dfy.expect
@@ -1,20 +1,6 @@
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(18,9): Error: variable 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(38,4): Error: out-parameter 's', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(38,4): Error: out-parameter 't', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(40,17): Error: variable 's', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(42,0): Error: out-parameter 't', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(57,11): Error: variable 'a', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(9,2): Error: field 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this point in the constructor body
+ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(14,11): Error: unless an initializer is provided for the array elements, a new array of 'int' must have empty size
+ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(15,11): Error: unless an initializer is provided for the array elements, a new array of 'bool' must have empty size
+ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(23,2): Error: field 'data', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this point in the constructor body
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 6 errors
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(18,9): Error: variable 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(38,4): Error: out-parameter 's', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(38,4): Error: out-parameter 't', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(40,17): Error: variable 's', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(42,0): Error: out-parameter 't', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(57,11): Error: variable 'a', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(70,11): Error: unless an initializer is provided for the array elements, a new array of 'int' must have empty size
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(71,11): Error: unless an initializer is provided for the array elements, a new array of 'bool' must have empty size
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(65,2): Error: field 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this point in the constructor body
-ForbidNondeterminism.dfy(79,2): Error: field 'data', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this point in the constructor body
-
-Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 10 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 4 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy.expect
deleted file mode 100644
index c796a1a3252..00000000000
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy.expect
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(51,11): Warning: the modify statement with a block statement is deprecated
-
-Dafny program verifier finished with 6 verified, 0 errors
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(17,7): Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(18,13): Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(19,4): Error: assign-such-that statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(20,2): Error: nondeterministic if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(23,2): Error: case-based if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(32,2): Error: binding if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(35,2): Error: nondeterministic loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(40,2): Error: case-based loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(48,12): Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by --enforce-determinism
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(50,2): Error: modify statement without a body forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(64,16): Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(4,6): Error: since fields are initialized arbitrarily, constructor-less classes are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(79,9): Error: since yield parameters are initialized arbitrarily, iterators are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy(90,6): Error: since fields are initialized arbitrarily, constructor-less classes are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-Translation was aborted because errors were found
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy
similarity index 67%
rename from Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy
rename to Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy
index c4920644933..df1f67bd3d4 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismCompile.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: ! %baredafny build %args --enforce-determinism "%s" --target cs > "%t"
+// RUN: ! %resolve --enforce-determinism "%s" > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
 class C { // error: constructor-less class not allowed by determinism rules
@@ -101,3 +101,49 @@ class D {
     u := 90;
   }
 }
+
+ghost method M2(c: C)
+  modifies c
+{
+  var x := 3;  // fine
+  var y;  // this statement by itself is nondeterministic, but the verifier catches bad uses of "y"
+  y := 4;
+  y := *;  // error: nondeterministic
+  x, y := x, *;  // error: nondeterministic
+  y :| true;  // error: nondeterministic
+  if * {  // error: nondeterministic
+    x := x + 1;
+  }
+  if {  // error: nondeterministic
+    case true =>  x := x + 1;
+    case true =>  x := x + 2;
+  }
+  if c.f < 500.0 {
+    if {  // a one-case if is always deterministic
+      case c.f < 1000.0 => x := x + 1;
+    }
+  }
+  if z :| 10 <= z < 15 && P(z) {  // error: nondeterministic
+    x := z;
+  }
+  while *  // error: nondeterministic
+    decreases *
+  {
+    x := x + 1;
+  }
+  while  // error: nondeterministic
+    decreases if x <= 100 then 100-x else x
+  {
+    case x < 100 => x := x + 1;
+    case 100 < x => x := x - 1;
+  }
+  var a := new int[100](_ => 750);
+  forall i | 0 <= i < a.Length {
+    a[i] := *;  // error: nondeterministic
+  }
+  modify c;  // error: nondeterministic
+}
+
+trait t { // no error: traits can't have constructors
+  var f: real
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0559c3b613f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(51,11): Warning: the modify statement with a block statement is deprecated
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(17,7): Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(18,13): Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(19,4): Error: assign-such-that statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(20,2): Error: nondeterministic if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(23,2): Error: case-based if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(32,2): Error: binding if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(35,2): Error: nondeterministic loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(40,2): Error: case-based loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(48,12): Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(50,2): Error: modify statement without a body forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(64,16): Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(130,14): Error: a possibly infinite loop is allowed only if the enclosing method is declared (with 'decreases *') to be possibly non-terminating
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(79,9): Error: since yield parameters are initialized arbitrarily, iterators are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(4,6): Error: since fields are initialized arbitrarily, constructor-less classes are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy(90,6): Error: since fields are initialized arbitrarily, constructor-less classes are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
+15 resolution/type errors detected in ForbidNondeterminismResolve.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Fuel.legacy.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Fuel.legacy.dfy.expect
index cedc561422a..a13a5837473 100755
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Fuel.legacy.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Fuel.legacy.dfy.expect
@@ -21,19 +21,19 @@ Fuel.legacy.dfy(324,21): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(313,41): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(335,26): Error: function precondition could not be proved
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(324,21): Related location
-Fuel.legacy.dfy(314,72): Related location
+Fuel.legacy.dfy(312,43): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(335,26): Error: function precondition could not be proved
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(324,21): Related location
-Fuel.legacy.dfy(314,93): Related location
+Fuel.legacy.dfy(312,58): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(335,26): Error: function precondition could not be proved
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(324,21): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(314,46): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(335,26): Error: function precondition could not be proved
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(324,21): Related location
-Fuel.legacy.dfy(312,43): Related location
+Fuel.legacy.dfy(314,72): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(335,26): Error: function precondition could not be proved
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(324,21): Related location
-Fuel.legacy.dfy(312,58): Related location
+Fuel.legacy.dfy(314,93): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(335,49): Error: destructor 't' can only be applied to datatype values constructed by 'VTuple'
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(335,50): Error: index out of range
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(336,38): Error: index out of range
@@ -46,16 +46,16 @@ Fuel.legacy.dfy(329,21): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(312,43): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(336,45): Error: function precondition could not be proved
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(329,21): Related location
-Fuel.legacy.dfy(314,72): Related location
+Fuel.legacy.dfy(313,41): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(336,45): Error: function precondition could not be proved
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(329,21): Related location
-Fuel.legacy.dfy(314,93): Related location
+Fuel.legacy.dfy(312,58): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(336,45): Error: function precondition could not be proved
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(329,21): Related location
-Fuel.legacy.dfy(313,41): Related location
+Fuel.legacy.dfy(314,72): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(336,45): Error: function precondition could not be proved
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(329,21): Related location
-Fuel.legacy.dfy(312,58): Related location
+Fuel.legacy.dfy(314,93): Related location
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(336,71): Error: index out of range
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(397,22): Error: assertion might not hold
 Fuel.legacy.dfy(398,22): Error: assertion might not hold
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/FunctionSpecifications.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/FunctionSpecifications.dfy.expect
index 6bc52c3a0c8..b20a56e2f1c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/FunctionSpecifications.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/FunctionSpecifications.dfy.expect
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
-FunctionSpecifications.dfy(35,24): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+FunctionSpecifications.dfy(35,45): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(31,12): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-FunctionSpecifications.dfy(45,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+FunctionSpecifications.dfy(45,16): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(40,23): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(61,10): Error: cannot prove termination; try supplying a decreases clause
-FunctionSpecifications.dfy(68,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+FunctionSpecifications.dfy(71,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(69,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(117,22): Error: assertion might not hold
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(120,22): Error: assertion might not hold
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(135,26): Error: assertion might not hold
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(139,26): Error: assertion might not hold
-FunctionSpecifications.dfy(144,25): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+FunctionSpecifications.dfy(148,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(146,28): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(155,2): Error: decreases clause might not decrease
 FunctionSpecifications.dfy(162,2): Error: decreases clause might not decrease
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollections.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollections.dfy
index a870668b4d5..5353b2992e0 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollections.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollections.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --type-system-refresh --general-newtypes --general-traits=datatype --reads-clauses-on-methods
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --type-system-refresh=true --general-newtypes=true --general-traits=datatype --reads-clauses-on-methods
 
 method Main() {
   Set.Test();
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollections.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollections.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fbb03b77111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollections.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollectionsGeneric.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollectionsGeneric.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e848766ed2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollectionsGeneric.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,513 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --type-system-refresh=true --general-newtypes=true --general-traits=datatype --reads-clauses-on-methods
+
+method Main() {
+  Set.Test();
+  Set.TestSpecialCase();
+  Iset.Test();
+  Frames.CallEm();
+  Decreases.Test();
+  Multiset.Test();
+  Seq.Test();
+  SeqToMultisetConversion.Test();
+  Map.Test();
+  Imap.Test();
+}
+
+module Set {
+  newtype IntSet<X> = s: set<X> | true
+
+  method Test() {
+    var s: IntSet<int>;
+    s := {};
+    print s, " "; // {}
+    s := {6, 19};
+    print |s|, " "; // 2
+    s := set x: int | 6 <= x < 10 && 2 * x < 300;
+    print |s|, " ", 7 in s, " "; // 4 true
+    s := set x: int | 6 <= x < 10 :: 2 * x;
+    print |s|, " ", 7 in s, "\n"; // 4 false
+
+    var bb := [5 in s, 12 in s, 19 !in s];
+
+    var t: IntSet := s;
+
+    s := s + t;
+    s := s - t;
+    s := s * t;
+    var disjoint := s !! t;
+
+    print bb, " ", s, " ", disjoint, "\n"; // [false, true, true] {} true
+
+    var u: set<int>;
+    u := s as set<int>;
+    s := u as IntSet;
+    var b0 := s is set<int>;
+    var b1 := u is IntSet<int>;
+
+    print |s|, " ", |u|, " ", b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // 0 0 true true
+
+    b0 := s <= t;
+    b1 := s < t;
+    var b2 := s > s;
+    var b3 := s >= s;
+    print b0, " ", b1, " ", b2, " ", b3, "\n"; // true true false true
+
+    b0 := s == t;
+    b1 := s != t;
+    print b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // false true
+  }
+
+  method TestSpecialCase() {
+    var dt := Dt;
+    print |dt.FFF(15)|, "\n"; // 15
+  }
+
+  // auto-accumulator tail recursive function in trait (this has a special case in the compiler code)
+  trait Trait {
+    function FFF(n: nat): IntSet<int> {
+      if n == 0 then {} else {n} + FFF(n - 1)
+    }
+  }
+
+  datatype Dt extends Trait = Dt
+}
+
+module Iset {
+  newtype IntIset<!X> = s: iset<X> | true
+
+  method Test() {
+    var s: IntIset<int>;
+    s := iset{};
+    print "iset: ", s, " "; // {}
+    s := iset{6, 19};
+    print s - iset{6}, " "; // {19}
+    s := iset x: int | 6 <= x < 10 && 2 * x < 300;
+    s := iset x: int | 6 <= x < 10 :: 2 * x;
+
+    var t: IntIset := s;
+
+    s := s + t;
+    s := s - t;
+    s := s * t;
+    var disjoint := s !! t;
+
+    print s, " ", disjoint, "\n"; // {} true
+
+    var u: iset<int>;
+    u := s as iset<int>;
+    s := u as IntIset;
+    var b0 := s is iset<int>;
+    var b1 := u is IntIset<int>;
+
+    print s, " ", u, " ", b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // {} {} true true
+
+    b0 := s <= t;
+    b1 := s < t;
+    var b2 := s > s;
+    var b3 := s >= s;
+    print b0, " ", b1, " ", b2, " ", b3, "\n"; // true true false true
+
+    b0 := s == t;
+    b1 := s != t;
+    print b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // false true
+  }
+}
+
+module Frames {
+  method CallEm() {
+    var o := new object;
+    label Recently:
+    M({o}, iset{o}, multiset{o, o}, [o, o, o]);
+    var u := F({o}, iset{o}, multiset{o, o}, [o, o, o]);
+    ghost var b := P2@Recently({o}, iset{o}, multiset{o, o}, [o, o, o]);
+  }
+  
+  newtype ObjectSet<X> = s: set<X> | true
+  newtype ObjectISet<!X> = ss: iset<X> | true
+  newtype ObjectMultiset<X> = m: multiset<X> | true
+  newtype ObjectSeq<X> = q: seq<X> | true
+
+  function R(x: int): ObjectSet {
+    {}
+  }
+
+  method M(s: ObjectSet<object>, ss: ObjectISet<object>, m: ObjectMultiset<object>, q: ObjectSeq<object>)
+    modifies s
+    modifies ss
+    modifies m
+    modifies q
+    reads s
+    reads ss
+    reads m
+    reads q
+  {
+    assert unchanged(s);
+    assert unchanged(ss);
+    assert unchanged(m);
+    assert unchanged(q);
+    modify s;
+    modify ss;
+    modify m;
+    modify q;
+    for i := 0 to 100
+      modifies s
+      modifies ss
+      modifies m
+      modifies q
+    {
+    }
+    ghost var g: bool;
+    g := fresh(s);
+    g := fresh(ss);
+    g := fresh(q);
+  }
+
+  function F(s: ObjectSet<object>, ss: ObjectISet<object>, m: ObjectMultiset<object>, q: ObjectSeq<object>): int
+    reads s
+    reads ss
+    reads m
+    reads q
+    reads R
+  {
+    6
+  }
+
+  twostate predicate P2(s: ObjectSet<object>, ss: ObjectISet<object>, m: ObjectMultiset<object>, q: ObjectSeq<object>)
+    reads s
+    reads ss
+    reads m
+    reads q
+    reads R
+  {
+    true
+  }
+}
+
+module Decreases {
+  newtype MyInt = int
+  newtype BoundedInt = x: int | 0 <= x < 10_000
+  newtype BoolSet<X> = s: set<X> | true
+
+  method Test() {
+    A(100);
+    K({true, true});
+  }
+
+  method A(x: int)
+    requires x < 10_000
+    decreases x
+  {
+    if 0 < x {
+      B((x - 1) as MyInt);
+    } else if x == 0 {
+      print "Ends in A\n";
+    }
+  }
+
+  method B(y: MyInt)
+    requires y < 10_000
+    decreases y
+  {
+    if 0 < y {
+      C((y - 1) as BoundedInt);
+    } else if y == 0 {
+      print "Ends in B\n";
+    }
+  }
+
+  method C(z: BoundedInt)
+    decreases z
+  {
+    if 0 < z {
+      A((z - 1) as int);
+    } else if z == 0 {
+      print "Ends in C\n";
+    }
+  }
+
+  method K(s: set<bool>)
+    decreases s
+  {
+    if s == {} {
+      print "K is done\n";
+    } else {
+      L(s as BoolSet);
+    }
+  }
+
+  method L(t: BoolSet<bool>)
+    requires t != {}
+    decreases t, 0 as MyInt
+  {
+    var b :| b in t;
+    var t' := t - {b};
+    K(t' as set<bool>);
+  }
+}
+
+module Multiset {
+  newtype IntMultiset<X> = s: multiset<X> | true
+
+  method Test() {
+    var s: IntMultiset;
+    s := multiset{};
+    print s, " "; // multiset{}
+    s := multiset{6, 19, 6};
+    print |s|, " "; // 3
+    print 7 in s, " ", 6 in s, "\n"; // false true
+    print s[6], " ", s[19], " ", s[20], "\n"; // 2 1 0
+    s := s[17 := 3][1800 := 0][6 := 1];
+    print s[6], " ", s[17], " ", s[20], "\n"; // 1 3 0
+
+    var t: IntMultiset := s;
+
+    s := s + t;
+    s := s - t;
+    s := s * t;
+    expect s == t;
+    print |s|, "\n"; // 5
+    s := s - t;
+
+    var disjoint := s !! t;
+    print s, " ", disjoint, "\n"; // multiset{} true
+
+    var u: multiset<int>;
+    u := s as multiset<int>;
+    s := u as IntMultiset;
+    var b0 := s is multiset<int>;
+    var b1 := u is IntMultiset<int>;
+
+    print |s|, " ", |u|, " ", b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // 0 0 true true
+
+    b0 := s <= t;
+    b1 := s < t;
+    var b2 := s > s;
+    var b3 := s >= s;
+    print b0, " ", b1, " ", b2, " ", b3, "\n"; // true true false true
+
+    b0 := s == t;
+    b1 := s != t;
+    print b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // false true
+  }
+}
+
+module Seq {
+  newtype IntSeq<X> = s: seq<X> | true
+
+  method Test() {
+    var s: IntSeq;
+    s := [];
+    print s, " "; // []
+    s := [6, 19, 6];
+    print |s|, " "; // 3
+    print 7 in s, " ", 6 in s, "\n"; // false true
+    print s[0], " ", s[1], " ", s[2], "\n"; // 6 19 6
+    s := s[1 := 3][0 := 0][2 := 1];
+    print s[0], " ", s[1], " ", s[2], "\n"; // 0 3 1
+
+    var t: IntSeq := s;
+
+    s := s + t;
+    print |s|, " ", s, "\n"; // 6 [0, 3, 1, 0, 3, 1]
+
+    var u: seq<int>;
+    u := s as seq<int>;
+    s := u as IntSeq;
+    var b0 := s is seq<int>;
+    var b1 := u is IntSeq<int>;
+
+    print |s|, " ", |u|, " ", |t|, " ", b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // 6 6 3 true true
+
+    b0 := s <= t;
+    b1 := s < t;
+    var b2 := s <= s;
+    var b3 := t < s;
+    print b0, " ", b1, " ", b2, " ", b3, "\n"; // false false true true
+
+    b0 := s == t;
+    b1 := s != t;
+    print b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // false true
+
+    s := seq(4, i => 8 * i + 3);
+    print s, "\n"; // [3, 11, 19, 27]
+
+    SubSequences(s);
+  }
+
+  method SubSequences(s: IntSeq)
+    requires |s| == 4
+  {
+    Print(s[..2], " "); // [3, 11]
+    Print(s[2..], " "); // [19, 27]
+    Print(s[1..3], " "); // [11, 19]
+    Print(s[..], "\n"); // [3, 11, 19, 27]
+
+    var arr := new int[4] [11, 13, 17, 19];
+    Print(arr[..2], " "); // [11, 13]
+    Print(arr[2..], " "); // [17, 19]
+    Print(arr[1..3], " "); // [13, 17]
+    Print(arr[..], "\n"); // [11, 13, 17, 19];
+  }
+
+  method Print(s: IntSeq, suffix: string) {
+    print s, suffix;
+  }
+}
+
+module SeqToMultisetConversion {
+  newtype XSet<X> = s: set<X> | true
+  newtype XSeq<X> = s: seq<X> | true
+  newtype XMultiset<X> = s: multiset<X> | true
+
+  method Test() {
+    TestFromSet();
+    TestFromSeq();
+  }
+
+  method TestFromSet() {
+    var s: set<int>;
+    var s': XSet;
+    var m0: multiset<int>;
+    var m1: multiset<int>;
+    var m0': XMultiset;
+    var m1': XMultiset;
+
+    s := {37, 43, 37, 47};
+    s' := {47, 43, 37};
+
+    m0 := multiset(s);
+    m1 := multiset(s');
+    assert m0 == m1;
+    print m0 == m1, " ", |m0|, "\n"; // true 3
+
+    m0' := multiset(s);
+    m1' := multiset(s');
+    assert m0' == m1';
+    print m0' == m1', " ", |m0'|, "\n"; // true 3
+  }
+
+  method TestFromSeq() {
+    var s: seq<int>;
+    var s': XSeq;
+    var m0: multiset<int>;
+    var m1: multiset<int>;
+    var m0': XMultiset;
+    var m1': XMultiset;
+
+    s := [37, 43, 37, 47];
+    s' := s as XSeq;
+    s' := s'[0 := s'[1]][1 := s'[0]]; // swap elements 0 and 1, just to be a little different
+
+    m0 := multiset(s);
+    m1 := multiset(s');
+    assert m0 == m1;
+    print m0 == m1, " ", |m0|, "\n"; // true 4
+
+    m0' := multiset(s);
+    m1' := multiset(s');
+    assert m0' == m1';
+    print m0' == m1', " ", |m0'|, "\n"; // true 4
+  }
+}
+
+module Map {
+  newtype IntMap<X, Y> = m: map<X, Y> | true
+  newtype IntSet<X> = s: set<X> | true
+
+  method Test() {
+    var m: IntMap<int, real>;
+    m := map[];
+    print m, " "; // map[]
+    m := map[6 := 2.0, 19 := 2.1];
+    var n: IntMap := m;
+    print |m|, " "; // 2
+    print 7 in m, " ", 6 in m, "\n"; // false true
+    print m[6], " ", m[19], "\n"; // 2.0 2.1
+    m := m[17 := 3.0][1800 := 0.0][6 := 1.0];
+    print m[6], " ", m[19], " ", m[17], "\n"; // 1.0 2.1 3.0
+
+    m := m + n;
+    // m is now:  map[6 := 2.0, 17 := 3.0, 19 := 2.1, 1800 := 0.0]
+    print |m|, " ", m[6], "\n"; // 4 2.0
+
+    var sf: set<int> := {3, 4, 5, 17, 20};
+    m := m - sf;
+    var nf: IntSet := {3, 1800, 4, 5};
+    m := m - nf;
+    // m is now:  map[6 := 2.0, 19 := 2.1]
+    print |m|, " ", m[6] + m[19], "\n"; // 2 4.1
+
+    var u: map<int, real>;
+    u := m as map<int, real>;
+    m := u as IntMap;
+    var b0 := m is map<int, real>;
+    var b1 := u is IntMap<int, real>;
+
+    print |m|, " ", |u|, " ", b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // 2 2 true true
+
+    b0 := m == n;
+    b1 := m != n;
+    print b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // true false
+
+    TestComprehensions();
+  }
+
+  method TestComprehensions() {
+    var m: IntMap := map x: int | 2 <= x < 5 :: (2 * x) as real;
+    var n: IntMap := map x: int | 2 <= x < 5 :: 2 * x := 10.0 - x as real;
+    expect |m| == |n| == 3;
+    print 2 in m, " ", 2 in n, " ", 4 in m, " ", 4 in n, "\n"; // true false true true
+    assert 2 * 3 in n;
+    print m[3], " ", n[6], "\n"; // 6.0 7.0
+  }
+}
+
+module Imap {
+  newtype IntImap<!X, Y> = m: imap<X, Y> | true
+  newtype IntSet<X> = s: set<X> | true
+
+  method Test() {
+    var m: IntImap;
+    m := imap[];
+    print m, " "; // imap[]
+    m := imap[6 := 2.0, 19 := 2.1];
+    var n: IntImap := m;
+    print 7 in m, " ", 6 in m, "\n"; // false true
+    print m[6], " ", m[19], "\n"; // 2.0 2.1
+    m := m[17 := 3.0][1800 := 0.0][6 := 1.0];
+    print m[6], " ", m[19], " ", m[17], "\n"; // 1.0 2.1 3.0
+
+    m := m + n;
+    // m is now:  imap[6 := 2.0, 17 := 3.0, 19 := 2.1, 1800 := 0.0]
+    print m[6], "\n"; // 2.0
+
+    var sf: set<int> := {3, 4, 5, 17, 20};
+    m := m - sf;
+    var nf: IntSet := {3, 1800, 4, 5};
+    m := m - nf;
+    // m is now:  imap[6 := 2.0, 19 := 2.1]
+    print m[6] + m[19], "\n"; // 4.1
+
+    var u: imap<int, real>;
+    u := m as imap<int, real>;
+    m := u as IntImap;
+    var b0 := m is imap<int, real>;
+    var b1 := u is IntImap<int, real>;
+
+    print b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // true true
+
+    b0 := m == n;
+    b1 := m != n;
+    print b0, " ", b1, "\n"; // true false
+
+    TestComprehensions();
+  }
+
+  method TestComprehensions() {
+    var m: IntImap := imap x: int | 2 <= x < 5 :: (2 * x) as real;
+    var n: IntImap := imap x: int | 2 <= x < 5 :: 2 * x := 10.0 - x as real;
+    print 2 in m, " ", 2 in n, " ", 4 in m, " ", 4 in n, "\n"; // true false true true
+    assert 2 * 3 in n;
+    print m[3], " ", n[6], "\n"; // 6.0 7.0
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollectionsGeneric.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollectionsGeneric.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5b1d5d665c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeCollectionsGeneric.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+{} 2 4 true 4 false
+[false, true, true] {} true
+0 0 true true
+true true false true
+false true
+15
+iset: {} {19} {} true
+{} {} true true
+true true false true
+false true
+Ends in B
+K is done
+multiset{} 3 false true
+2 1 0
+1 3 0
+5
+multiset{} true
+0 0 true true
+true true false true
+false true
+[] 3 false true
+6 19 6
+0 3 1
+6 [0, 3, 1, 0, 3, 1]
+6 6 3 true true
+false false true true
+false true
+[3, 11, 19, 27]
+[3, 11] [19, 27] [11, 19] [3, 11, 19, 27]
+[11, 13] [17, 19] [13, 17] [11, 13, 17, 19]
+true 3
+true 3
+true 4
+true 4
+map[] 2 false true
+2.0 2.1
+1.0 2.1 3.0
+4 2.0
+2 4.1
+2 2 true true
+true false
+true false true true
+6.0 7.0
+map[] false true
+2.0 2.1
+1.0 2.1 3.0
+2.0
+4.1
+true true
+true false
+true false true true
+6.0 7.0
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeMemberCompile.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeMemberCompile.dfy
index 7ffe35c44a2..2547b6f8c7e 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeMemberCompile.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeMemberCompile.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --type-system-refresh --general-newtypes
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s" -- --type-system-refresh=true --general-newtypes=true
 
 
 method Main() {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeMemberCompile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeMemberCompile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a0f83900f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeMemberCompile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: (0,-1): Error: Feature not supported for this compilation target: The /runAllTests option
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy
index f48444bef02..b5354f3711d 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy
@@ -642,3 +642,315 @@ module SubSequences {
     r := arr[..];
   }
 }
+
+module TLAStyleOperators {
+  newtype MyBool = bool
+
+  function A(): MyBool {
+    && true
+  }
+
+  function B(b: MyBool): MyBool {
+    && b
+  }
+
+  function C(b: bool): MyBool {
+    && b // error: got bool, expected MyBool
+  }
+
+  function D(x: int): MyBool {
+    && x // error: got int, expected MyBool
+  }
+
+  function E(): MyBool {
+    && true
+    && false
+  }
+
+  function F(b: bool): MyBool {
+    && true
+    && b // error: got bool, expected MyBool
+  }
+
+  predicate P(b: MyBool) {
+    b // error: got bool, expected MyBool
+  }
+
+  predicate Q(b: MyBool) {
+    && b // error: got bool, expected MyBool
+  }
+
+  predicate R(b: MyBool) {
+    && b && b // error: got bool, expected MyBool
+  }
+
+  predicate S(b: MyBool) {
+    && b as bool
+  }
+
+  predicate T(b: MyBool) {
+    && (b as bool) // same as in S
+  }
+
+  predicate U(b: MyBool) {
+    (&& b) as bool
+  }
+}
+
+module TypeParametersForNewtypes {
+  newtype Wrapper<G> = g: G | true witness *  // (error under /generalNewtypes:0)
+
+  method Test0() {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := true; // error: cannot assign bool to a Wrapper
+  }
+
+  method Test1(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := b; // error: cannot assign bool to a Wrapper
+  }
+
+  method Test2(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper<bool>;
+    wb := b; // error: cannot assign bool to a Wrapper<bool>
+  }
+
+  method Test3(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := b as Wrapper; // error: not enough is known about the target type to determine if this is legal
+  }
+
+  method Test4(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper<bool>;
+    wb := b as Wrapper;
+  }
+
+  method Test5(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := b as Wrapper<bool>;
+  }
+
+  method Test6(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper<bool>;
+    wb := b as Wrapper<bool>;
+  }
+}
+
+module TypeParametersForSubsetTypes {
+  type Wrapper<G> = g: G | true witness *
+
+  method Test0() {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := true;
+  }
+
+  method Test1(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := b;
+  }
+
+  method Test2(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper<bool>;
+    wb := b;
+  }
+
+  method Test3(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := b as Wrapper; // error: not enough is known about the target type to determine if this is legal
+  }
+
+  method Test4(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper<bool>;
+    wb := b as Wrapper;
+  }
+
+  method Test5(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := b as Wrapper<bool>;
+  }
+
+  method Test6(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper<bool>;
+    wb := b as Wrapper<bool>;
+  }
+}
+
+module TypeParametersForTypeSynonyms {
+  type Wrapper<G> = G
+
+  method Test0() {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := true;
+  }
+
+  method Test1(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := b;
+  }
+
+  method Test2(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper<bool>;
+    wb := b;
+  }
+
+  method Test3(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := b as Wrapper; // error: not enough is known about the target type to determine if this is legal
+  }
+
+  method Test4(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper<bool>;
+    wb := b as Wrapper;
+  }
+
+  method Test5(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper;
+    wb := b as Wrapper<bool>;
+  }
+
+  method Test6(b: bool) {
+    var wb: Wrapper<bool>;
+    wb := b as Wrapper<bool>;
+  }
+}
+
+module TypeVarianceIsUsedCorrectly {
+  datatype P0<X> = R(f: int -> X)
+  datatype P1<!X> = R(f: int -> X)
+  datatype P2<+X> = R(f: int -> X)
+  datatype P3<*X> = R(f: int -> X)
+  datatype P4<-X> = R(f: int -> X) // error
+
+  datatype M0<X> = R(f: X -> int) // error
+  datatype M1<!X> = R(f: X -> int)
+  datatype M2<+X> = R(f: X -> int) // error
+  datatype M3<*X> = R(f: X -> int) // error
+  datatype M4<-X> = R(f: X -> int)
+
+  newtype Co0<X> = s: seq<int -> X> | true
+  newtype Co1<!X> = s: seq<int -> X> | true
+  newtype Co2<+X> = s: seq<int -> X> | true
+  newtype Co3<*X> = s: seq<int -> X> | true
+  newtype Co4<-X> = s: seq<int -> X> | true // error: X is not used properly
+
+  newtype Contra0<X> = s: seq<X -> int> | true // error: X is not used properly
+  newtype Contra1<!X> = s: seq<X -> int> | true
+  newtype Contra2<+X> = s: seq<X -> int> | true // error: X is not used properly
+  newtype Contra3<*X> = s: seq<X -> int> | true // error: X is not used properly
+  newtype Contra4<-X> = s: seq<X -> int> | true
+}
+
+module TypeCharacteristicsAreUsedCorrectly {
+  export
+    provides A0, A1, A2, A3, B0, B1, B2, B3
+    provides G0, G1, G2, G3, H0, H1, H2, H3
+
+  type NeedsEq<X(==)>
+  type NeedsAutoInit<X(0)>
+  type NeedsNonempty<X(00)>
+  type NeedsNoReferences<X(!new)>
+
+  newtype A0<Y> = NeedsEq<Y> // error: Y does not support (==)
+  newtype A1<Y> = NeedsAutoInit<Y> // error: Y does not support (0)
+  newtype A2<Y> = NeedsNonempty<Y> // error: Y does not support (00)
+  newtype A3<Y> = NeedsNoReferences<Y> // error: Y does not support (!new)
+
+  newtype B0<Z(==)> = NeedsEq<Z>
+  newtype B1<Z(0)> = NeedsAutoInit<Z>
+  newtype B2<Z(00)> = NeedsNonempty<Z>
+  newtype B3<Z(!new)> = NeedsNoReferences<Z>
+
+  type G0<Y> = NeedsEq<Y> // error: Y does not support (==)
+  type G1<Y> = NeedsAutoInit<Y> // error: Y does not support (0)
+  type G2<Y> = NeedsNonempty<Y> // error: Y does not support (00)
+  type G3<Y> = NeedsNoReferences<Y> // error: Y does not support (!new)
+
+  type H0<Z(==)> = NeedsEq<Z>
+  type H1<Z(0)> = NeedsAutoInit<Z>
+  type H2<Z(00)> = NeedsNonempty<Z>
+  type H3<Z(!new)> = NeedsNoReferences<Z>
+}
+
+module EqualitySupportInference {
+  export
+    reveals *
+
+  type NeedsEq<X(==)>
+
+  type Z0<Y> = NeedsEq<Y> // no problem, because Y is inferred to be (==)
+  newtype A0<Y> = NeedsEq<Y> // no problem, because Y is inferred to be (==)
+}
+
+module RefinementBase {
+  type A<T>
+
+  type N<V, W(0), X(00), Y(==), YY, Z(!new), ZZ>
+  type O<V, W(0), X(00), Y(==), YY, Z(!new), ZZ>
+
+  type V<+A, B, -C>
+  type W<+A, B, -C>
+}
+
+module RefinementSubsetTypes refines RefinementBase {
+  type A<U> = x: int | true // error: type-parameter renaming is not allowed in refinement
+
+  type N<V, W(0), X(00), Y(==), YY, Z(!new), ZZ> = x: int | true
+  type O<
+    V(0), // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    W(00), // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    X, // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    Y, // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    YY(==), // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    Z, // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    ZZ(!new) // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+  > = x: int | true
+
+  type V<+A, B, -C> = x: int | true
+  type W<
+    -A, // error: refinement cannot change variance
+    +B, // error: refinement cannot change variance
+    C // error: refinement cannot change variance
+  > = x: int | true
+}
+
+module RefinementNewtypes refines RefinementBase {
+  newtype A<U> = x: int | true // error: type-parameter renaming is not allowed in refinement
+
+  newtype N<V, W(0), X(00), Y(==), YY, Z(!new), ZZ> = x: int | true
+  newtype O<
+    V(0), // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    W(00), // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    X, // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    Y, // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    YY(==), // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    Z, // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+    ZZ(!new) // error: refinement cannot change type characteristics
+  > = x: int | true
+
+  newtype V<+A, B, -C> = x: int | true
+  newtype W<
+    -A, // error: refinement cannot change variance
+    +B, // error: refinement cannot change variance
+    C // error: refinement cannot change variance
+  > = x: int | true
+}
+
+module Cycle0 {
+  newtype W<X> = X
+  newtype A = w: W<A> | true // error: cycle: A -> A
+}
+
+module Cycle1 {
+  newtype W<X> = X
+  newtype A = W<A> // error: cycle: A -> A
+}
+
+module Cycle2 {
+  newtype W<X> = X
+  type A = W<A> // error: cycle: A -> A
+}
+
+module Cycle3 {
+  type W<X> = X
+  newtype A = W<A> // error: cycle: A -> A
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy.expect
index 73dfb5a29b8..60ec73a31a3 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy.expect
@@ -134,7 +134,68 @@ GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(621,10): Error: resulting sequence (seq<?94>) type
 GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(622,10): Error: resulting sequence (seq<?95>) type does not agree with source sequence type (MySequence)
 GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(623,10): Error: resulting sequence (seq<?96>) type does not agree with source sequence type (MySequence)
 GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(624,10): Error: resulting sequence (seq<?97>) type does not agree with source sequence type (MySequence)
-136 resolution/type errors detected in GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(647,10): Error: a newtype ('MyBool') must be based on some numeric type (got bool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(657,11): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected MyBool, got bool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(661,11): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected MyBool, got int)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(662,4): Error: boolean literal used as if it had type int
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(662,4): Error: type of && must be a boolean (got int)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(670,11): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected MyBool, got bool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(675,12): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected bool, got MyBool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(679,12): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected bool, got MyBool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(683,12): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected bool, got MyBool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(701,10): Error: a newtype ('Wrapper') must be based on some numeric type (got G)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(705,10): Error: boolean literal used as if it had type Wrapper<?0>
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(710,7): Error: RHS (of type bool) not assignable to LHS (of type Wrapper<?2>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(715,7): Error: RHS (of type bool) not assignable to LHS (of type Wrapper<bool>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(720,12): Error: type conversion target type not determined (got 'Wrapper<?4>')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(759,12): Error: type conversion target type not determined (got '?4')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(798,12): Error: type conversion target type not determined (got '?4')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(830,10): Error: a newtype ('Co0') must be based on some numeric type (got seq<int -> X>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(831,10): Error: a newtype ('Co1') must be based on some numeric type (got seq<int -> X>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(832,10): Error: a newtype ('Co2') must be based on some numeric type (got seq<int -> X>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(833,10): Error: a newtype ('Co3') must be based on some numeric type (got seq<int -> X>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(834,10): Error: a newtype ('Co4') must be based on some numeric type (got seq<int -> X>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(836,10): Error: a newtype ('Contra0') must be based on some numeric type (got seq<X -> int>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(837,10): Error: a newtype ('Contra1') must be based on some numeric type (got seq<X -> int>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(838,10): Error: a newtype ('Contra2') must be based on some numeric type (got seq<X -> int>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(839,10): Error: a newtype ('Contra3') must be based on some numeric type (got seq<X -> int>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(840,10): Error: a newtype ('Contra4') must be based on some numeric type (got seq<X -> int>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(853,10): Error: a newtype ('A0') must be based on some numeric type (got NeedsEq<Y>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(854,10): Error: a newtype ('A1') must be based on some numeric type (got NeedsAutoInit<Y>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(855,10): Error: a newtype ('A2') must be based on some numeric type (got NeedsNonempty<Y>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(856,10): Error: a newtype ('A3') must be based on some numeric type (got NeedsNoReferences<Y>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(858,10): Error: a newtype ('B0') must be based on some numeric type (got NeedsEq<Z>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(859,10): Error: a newtype ('B1') must be based on some numeric type (got NeedsAutoInit<Z>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(860,10): Error: a newtype ('B2') must be based on some numeric type (got NeedsNonempty<Z>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(861,10): Error: a newtype ('B3') must be based on some numeric type (got NeedsNoReferences<Z>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(881,10): Error: a newtype ('A0') must be based on some numeric type (got NeedsEq<Y>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(895,9): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the type in the module being refined (expected 'T', found 'U')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(899,4): Error: type parameter 'V' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(900,4): Error: type parameter 'W' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(901,4): Error: type parameter 'X' is not allowed to change the requirement of being nonempty
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(902,4): Error: type parameter 'Y' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(903,4): Error: type parameter 'YY' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(904,4): Error: type parameter 'Z' is not allowed to change the no-reference-type requirement
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(905,4): Error: type parameter 'ZZ' is not allowed to change the no-reference-type requirement
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(910,5): Error: type parameter 'A' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '+' to '-')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(911,5): Error: type parameter 'B' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '=' to '+')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(912,4): Error: type parameter 'C' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '-' to '=')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(917,12): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the newtype in the module being refined (expected 'T', found 'U')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(921,4): Error: type parameter 'V' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(922,4): Error: type parameter 'W' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(923,4): Error: type parameter 'X' is not allowed to change the requirement of being nonempty
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(924,4): Error: type parameter 'Y' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(925,4): Error: type parameter 'YY' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(926,4): Error: type parameter 'Z' is not allowed to change the no-reference-type requirement
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(927,4): Error: type parameter 'ZZ' is not allowed to change the no-reference-type requirement
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(932,5): Error: type parameter 'A' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '+' to '-')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(933,5): Error: type parameter 'B' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '=' to '+')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(934,4): Error: type parameter 'C' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '-' to '=')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(940,10): Error: recursive constraint dependency involving a newtype: A -> A
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(945,10): Error: recursive constraint dependency involving a newtype: A -> A
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(950,7): Error: type-synonym cycle: A -> A
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(955,10): Error: recursive constraint dependency involving a newtype: A -> A
+197 resolution/type errors detected in GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy
 GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(34,10): Error: a newtype ('MyOrdinal') must be based on some non-reference, non-trait, non-arrow, non-ORDINAL, non-datatype type (got ORDINAL)
 GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(40,10): Error: a newtype ('MyObject') must be based on some non-reference, non-trait, non-arrow, non-ORDINAL, non-datatype type (got object)
 GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(41,10): Error: a newtype ('MyTrait') must be based on some non-reference, non-trait, non-arrow, non-ORDINAL, non-datatype type (got Trait)
@@ -245,4 +306,60 @@ GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(621,10): Error: resulting sequence (seq<?94>) type
 GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(622,10): Error: resulting sequence (seq<?95>) type does not agree with source sequence type (MySequence)
 GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(623,10): Error: resulting sequence (seq<?96>) type does not agree with source sequence type (MySequence)
 GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(624,10): Error: resulting sequence (seq<?97>) type does not agree with source sequence type (MySequence)
-109 resolution/type errors detected in GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(657,11): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected MyBool, got bool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(661,11): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected MyBool, got int)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(662,4): Error: boolean literal used as if it had type int
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(662,4): Error: type of && must be a boolean (got int)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(670,11): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected MyBool, got bool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(675,12): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected bool, got MyBool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(679,12): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected bool, got MyBool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(683,12): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected bool, got MyBool)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(705,10): Error: boolean literal used as if it had type Wrapper<?0>
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(710,7): Error: RHS (of type bool) not assignable to LHS (of type Wrapper<?2>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(715,7): Error: RHS (of type bool) not assignable to LHS (of type Wrapper<bool>)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(720,12): Error: type conversion target type not determined (got 'Wrapper<?4>')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(759,12): Error: type conversion target type not determined (got '?4')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(798,12): Error: type conversion target type not determined (got '?4')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(822,32): Error: formal type parameter 'X' is not used according to its variance specification
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(824,24): Error: formal type parameter 'X' is not used according to its variance specification (it is used left of an arrow) (perhaps try declaring 'X' as '-X' or '!X')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(826,25): Error: formal type parameter 'X' is not used according to its variance specification
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(827,25): Error: formal type parameter 'X' is not used according to its variance specification
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(834,34): Error: formal type parameter 'X' is not used according to its variance specification
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(836,30): Error: formal type parameter 'X' is not used according to its variance specification (it is used left of an arrow) (perhaps try declaring 'X' as '-X' or '!X')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(838,31): Error: formal type parameter 'X' is not used according to its variance specification
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(839,31): Error: formal type parameter 'X' is not used according to its variance specification
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(853,18): Error: type parameter (X) passed to type NeedsEq must support equality (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 853 as 'Y(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(854,18): Error: type parameter (X) passed to type NeedsAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 854 as 'Y(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(855,18): Error: type parameter (X) passed to type NeedsNonempty must be nonempty (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 855 as 'Y(00)', which says it can only be instantiated with a nonempty type)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(856,18): Error: type parameter (X) passed to type NeedsNoReferences must contain no references (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 856 as 'Y(!new)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that contains no references)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(863,15): Error: type parameter (X) passed to type NeedsEq must support equality (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 863 as 'Y(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(864,15): Error: type parameter (X) passed to type NeedsAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 864 as 'Y(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(865,15): Error: type parameter (X) passed to type NeedsNonempty must be nonempty (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 865 as 'Y(00)', which says it can only be instantiated with a nonempty type)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(866,15): Error: type parameter (X) passed to type NeedsNoReferences must contain no references (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 866 as 'Y(!new)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that contains no references)
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(895,9): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the type in the module being refined (expected 'T', found 'U')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(899,4): Error: type parameter 'V' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(900,4): Error: type parameter 'W' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(901,4): Error: type parameter 'X' is not allowed to change the requirement of being nonempty
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(902,4): Error: type parameter 'Y' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(903,4): Error: type parameter 'YY' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(904,4): Error: type parameter 'Z' is not allowed to change the no-reference-type requirement
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(905,4): Error: type parameter 'ZZ' is not allowed to change the no-reference-type requirement
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(910,5): Error: type parameter 'A' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '+' to '-')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(911,5): Error: type parameter 'B' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '=' to '+')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(912,4): Error: type parameter 'C' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '-' to '=')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(917,12): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the newtype in the module being refined (expected 'T', found 'U')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(921,4): Error: type parameter 'V' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(922,4): Error: type parameter 'W' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(923,4): Error: type parameter 'X' is not allowed to change the requirement of being nonempty
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(924,4): Error: type parameter 'Y' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(925,4): Error: type parameter 'YY' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(926,4): Error: type parameter 'Z' is not allowed to change the no-reference-type requirement
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(927,4): Error: type parameter 'ZZ' is not allowed to change the no-reference-type requirement
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(932,5): Error: type parameter 'A' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '+' to '-')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(933,5): Error: type parameter 'B' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '=' to '+')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(934,4): Error: type parameter 'C' is not allowed to change variance (here, from '-' to '=')
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(940,10): Error: recursive constraint dependency involving a newtype: A -> A
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(945,10): Error: recursive constraint dependency involving a newtype: A -> A
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(950,7): Error: type-synonym cycle: A -> A
+GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy(955,10): Error: recursive constraint dependency involving a newtype: A -> A
+165 resolution/type errors detected in GeneralNewtypeResolution.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy
index a848c77e646..38df2d5f333 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy
@@ -451,6 +451,116 @@ module Bitvectors {
     se3 := set x | x in dd;
   }
 }
+
+module TypeParametersForNewtype {
+  newtype Wrapper<G> = g: G | true witness *
+  method CallMe<U>(u: Wrapper<U>) returns (v: Wrapper<U>)
+
+  method Test(x: bool) returns (y: Wrapper<bool>) {
+    var b: Wrapper<bool>;
+    b := x as Wrapper<bool>;
+    y := CallMe(b);
+  }
+}
+
+module TypeParametersForSubsetType {
+  type Wrapper<G> = g: G | true witness *
+  method CallMe<U>(u: Wrapper<U>) returns (v: Wrapper<U>)
+
+  method Test(x: bool) returns (y: Wrapper<bool>) {
+    var b: Wrapper<bool>;
+    b := x as Wrapper<bool>;
+    y := CallMe(b);
+  }
+}
+
+module TypeParametersForTypeSynonym {
+  type Wrapper<G> = G
+  method CallMe<U>(u: Wrapper<U>) returns (v: Wrapper<U>)
+
+  method Test(x: bool) returns (y: Wrapper<bool>) {
+    var b: Wrapper<bool>;
+    b := x as Wrapper<bool>;
+    y := CallMe(b);
+  }
+}
+
+module ExpandToTypeParameterWithoutWitness {
+  // The following two lines once had caused a crash in the verifier
+  type A<Y> = y: Y | true // error: 
+  newtype B<Z> = z: Z | true // error: 
+}
+
+module AutoInitValueSubsetType {
+  type Never = x: int | false witness *
+  type Impossible = n: Never | true // error: default witness 0 does not satisfy constraint of base type
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: Impossible := *;
+    assert false;
+    print 10 / x;
+  }
+}
+
+module AutoInitValueNewtype {
+  newtype Never = x: int | false witness *
+  newtype Impossible = n: Never | true // error: default witness 0 does not satisfy constraint of base type
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: Impossible := *;
+    assert false;
+    print 10 / x;
+  }
+}
+
+module AutoInitValueNewtypeWithoutVar {
+  newtype Never = x: int | false witness *
+  newtype Impossible = Never // error: default witness 0 does not satisfy constraint of base type
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: Impossible := *;
+    assert false;
+    print 10 / x;
+  }
+}
+
+module BaseTypeConstraintHelpsWellformednessSubsetType {
+  predicate P(x: NotSeven)
+    requires x != 6
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  type NotSeven = x: int | x != 7 witness *
+  type Okay = n: NotSeven | P(if 8 <= n then n else n - 1)
+  type NotWellformed = n: NotSeven | P(n) // error: precondition violation
+}
+
+module BaseTypeConstraintHelpsWellformednessNewtype {
+  predicate P(x: NotSeven)
+    requires x != 6
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  newtype NotSeven = x: int | x != 7 witness *
+  newtype Okay = n: NotSeven | P(if 8 <= n then n else n - 1)
+  newtype NotWellformed = n: NotSeven | P(n) // error: precondition violation
+}
+
+module SimpleNewtypeWitness {
+  newtype A = x: int | 100 <= x witness 102
+  newtype B = a: A | true witness 103
+
+  newtype C = A // error: default witness 0 does not satisfy constraint
+  newtype D = A witness 104
+  newtype E = A ghost witness 104
+  newtype F = A witness *
+
+  newtype G = A witness 13 // error: 13 does not satisfy constraint
+  newtype H = A ghost witness 13 // error: 13 does not satisfy constraint
+}
+
 /*
 module RealConversions {
   method TestRealIsInt0(r: real)
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy.expect
index 5996628cae8..d5c70f936c9 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy.expect
@@ -36,5 +36,17 @@ GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(361,13): Error: rotate amount must be non-negative
 GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(364,11): Error: rotate amount must not exceed the width of the result (5)
 GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(367,27): Error: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'nat'
 GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(371,35): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'BV'
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(490,7): Error: cannot find witness that shows type is inhabited; try giving a hint through a 'witness' or 'ghost witness' clause, or use 'witness *' to treat as a possibly empty type
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(491,10): Error: cannot find witness that shows type is inhabited; try giving a hint through a 'witness' or 'ghost witness' clause, or use 'witness *' to treat as a possibly empty type
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(496,7): Error: trying witness 0: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'Never'
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(507,10): Error: trying witness 0: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'Never'
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(518,10): Error: trying witness 0: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'Never'
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(536,37): Error: function precondition could not be proved
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(529,15): Related location
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(548,40): Error: function precondition could not be proved
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(541,15): Related location
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(555,10): Error: trying witness 0: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'A'
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(560,24): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'A'
+GeneralNewtypeVerify.dfy(561,30): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'A'
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 27 verified, 38 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 40 verified, 48 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GhostITECompilation.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GhostITECompilation.dfy
index e8fd19e95e7..aa42cd1050c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GhostITECompilation.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GhostITECompilation.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s" -- --function-syntax:4 --relax-definite-assignment
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s" -- --function-syntax:4 --relax-definite-assignment --allow-warnings
 
 function F(x: nat, ghost y: nat): nat
 {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GhostITECompilation.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GhostITECompilation.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GhostITECompilation.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GhostITECompilation.dfy.verifier.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GhostITECompilation.dfy.verifier.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..54185781e88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/GhostITECompilation.dfy.verifier.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+GhostITECompilation.dfy(52,25): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless function together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Include.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Include.dfy.expect
index 2533bfdace8..00551fbdf26 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Include.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Include.dfy.expect
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Include.dfy(32,7): Warning: the ... refinement feature in statements is deprecated
-Include.dfy(20,11): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+Include.dfy(22,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Includee.dfy(17,19): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 Includee.dfy[Concrete](22,15): Error: assertion might not hold
 Include.dfy(28,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Includee.dfy(7,0): Error: out-parameter 'y', which is subject to definite-assign
 Includee.dfy(21,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Includee.dfy(20,14): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 Includee.dfy(24,17): Error: assertion might not hold
-Include.dfy(20,11): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+Include.dfy(22,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Includee.dfy(17,19): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 Includee.dfy[Concrete](22,15): Error: assertion might not hold
 Include.dfy(28,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/InitialValues.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/InitialValues.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e2c2d7720f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/InitialValues.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: cannot add `Rc<num_rational::Ratio<BigInt>>` to `num_rational::Ratio<BigInt>`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/LhsDuplicates.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/LhsDuplicates.dfy.expect
index cce3b48be71..2f10a8dcc21 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/LhsDuplicates.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/LhsDuplicates.dfy.expect
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-LhsDuplicates.dfy(21,9): Error: left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location
-LhsDuplicates.dfy(36,11): Error: left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location
+LhsDuplicates.dfy(21,9): Error: left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location (and right-hand sides might not be equivalent)
+LhsDuplicates.dfy(36,11): Error: left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location (and right-hand sides might not be equivalent)
 LhsDuplicates.dfy(42,5): Error: left-hand sides a and a refer to the same location
 LhsDuplicates.dfy(51,11): Error: left-hand sides c0.f and c0.f might refer to the same location
 LhsDuplicates.dfy(60,9): Error: left-hand sides a[i] and a[i] might refer to the same location
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/LiberalEquality.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/LiberalEquality.dfy.expect
index 769250d1355..321b6cdf46c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/LiberalEquality.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/LiberalEquality.dfy.expect
@@ -11,15 +11,9 @@ LiberalEquality.dfy(73,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got T ~
 LiberalEquality.dfy(74,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got int ~> T and int ~> int)
 LiberalEquality.dfy(84,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got Syn<int> and Syn<bool>)
 LiberalEquality.dfy(95,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<List<int>> and array<List<bool>>) (non-variant type parameter would require int = bool)
-LiberalEquality.dfy(95,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<List<int>> and array<List<bool>>) (non-variant type parameter would require bool = int)
 LiberalEquality.dfy(97,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<List<bool>> and array<ListSynonym<T, int>>) (non-variant type parameter would require bool = int)
-LiberalEquality.dfy(97,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<List<bool>> and array<ListSynonym<T, int>>) (non-variant type parameter would require int = bool)
 LiberalEquality.dfy(99,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<List<int>> and array<ListSynonym<int, T>>) (non-variant type parameter would require int = T)
-LiberalEquality.dfy(99,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<List<int>> and array<ListSynonym<int, T>>) (non-variant type parameter would require T = int)
 LiberalEquality.dfy(100,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<List<bool>> and array<ListSynonym<int, T>>) (non-variant type parameter would require bool = T)
-LiberalEquality.dfy(100,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<List<bool>> and array<ListSynonym<int, T>>) (non-variant type parameter would require T = bool)
 LiberalEquality.dfy(101,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<ListSynonym<bool, int>> and array<ListSynonym<int, T>>) (non-variant type parameter would require int = T)
-LiberalEquality.dfy(101,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<ListSynonym<bool, int>> and array<ListSynonym<int, T>>) (non-variant type parameter would require T = int)
 LiberalEquality.dfy(103,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<List<bool>> and array<ListSynonym<real, Wrapper<int>>>) (non-variant type parameter would require bool = Wrapper<int>)
-LiberalEquality.dfy(103,13): Error: arguments must have comparable types (got array<List<bool>> and array<ListSynonym<real, Wrapper<int>>>) (non-variant type parameter would require Wrapper<int> = bool)
-24 resolution/type errors detected in LiberalEquality.dfy
+18 resolution/type errors detected in LiberalEquality.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/MatchBraces.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/MatchBraces.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/MatchBraces.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/MoForallCompilation.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/MoForallCompilation.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/MoForallCompilation.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ModulePrint.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ModulePrint.dfy.expect
deleted file mode 100644
index f8754fb3413..00000000000
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ModulePrint.dfy.expect
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-
-Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
-
-Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
-
-Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NameclashesCompile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NameclashesCompile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a0f83900f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NameclashesCompile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: (0,-1): Error: Feature not supported for this compilation target: The /runAllTests option
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NatTypes.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NatTypes.dfy.expect
index dea384654bd..593777cfcbd 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NatTypes.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NatTypes.dfy.expect
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ NatTypes.dfy(74,15): Error: assertion might not hold
 NatTypes.dfy(91,15): Error: assertion might not hold
 NatTypes.dfy(105,15): Error: assertion might not hold
 NatTypes.dfy(141,44): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
-NatTypes.dfy(164,34): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
+NatTypes.dfy(164,20): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
 NatTypes.dfy(184,16): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 7 verified, 13 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Newtypes.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Newtypes.dfy
index ea451650a30..7252276c91f 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Newtypes.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Newtypes.dfy
@@ -359,3 +359,16 @@ module SeqTests {
   {
   }
 }
+
+module SimpleNewtypeWitness {
+  newtype A = x: int | 100 <= x witness 102
+  newtype B = a: A | true witness 103
+
+  newtype C = A // error: default witness 0 does not satisfy constraint
+  newtype D = A witness 104
+  newtype E = A ghost witness 104
+  newtype F = A witness *
+
+  newtype G = A witness 13 // error: 13 does not satisfy constraint
+  newtype H = A ghost witness 13 // error: 13 does not satisfy constraint
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Newtypes.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Newtypes.dfy.expect
index 227ebc833a3..ebbd5134d99 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Newtypes.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Newtypes.dfy.expect
@@ -11,5 +11,8 @@ Newtypes.dfy(223,21): Error: new number of occurrences might be negative
 Newtypes.dfy(226,39): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'Even'
 Newtypes.dfy(238,18): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'N'
 Newtypes.dfy(278,18): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'R'
+Newtypes.dfy(367,10): Error: trying witness 0: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'A'
+Newtypes.dfy(372,24): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'A'
+Newtypes.dfy(373,30): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'A'
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 37 verified, 13 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 43 verified, 16 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitialization.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitialization.dfy
index 005c03bd5e0..2dd7714219f 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitialization.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitialization.dfy
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ ghost predicate Yes(six: NewSix) {
   4 <= six as int
 }
 
-newtype YetAnotherNewSix = NewSix
+newtype YetAnotherNewSix = NewSix witness 80
 
 // Now with some type parameters
 datatype List<G> = Nil | Cons(G, List<G>)
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitialization.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitialization.dfy.expect
index a89662782f9..8a6b1dbd89c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitialization.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitialization.dfy.expect
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ NonZeroInitialization.dfy(17,61): Error: result of operation might violate newty
 NonZeroInitialization.dfy(18,46): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'NewSix'
 NonZeroInitialization.dfy(19,8): Error: trying witness 0: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'NewSix'
 NonZeroInitialization.dfy(37,5): Error: cannot find witness that shows type is inhabited; try giving a hint through a 'witness' or 'ghost witness' clause, or use 'witness *' to treat as a possibly empty type
-NonZeroInitialization.dfy(38,70): Error: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'ListTwo'
+NonZeroInitialization.dfy(38,66): Error: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'ListTwo'
 NonZeroInitialization.dfy(39,5): Error: cannot find witness that shows type is inhabited; try giving a hint through a 'witness' or 'ghost witness' clause, or use 'witness *' to treat as a possibly empty type
 NonZeroInitialization.dfy(53,0): Error: out-parameter 'g', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
 NonZeroInitialization.dfy(58,7): Error: unless an initializer is provided for the array elements, a new array of 'Yt<GW>' must have empty size
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 11 verified, 13 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 12 verified, 13 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitializationCompile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitializationCompile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NonZeroInitializationCompile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NullComparisonWarnings.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NullComparisonWarnings.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..158d9484360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/NullComparisonWarnings.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>QuantifierExpr</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/OlderVerification.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/OlderVerification.dfy.expect
index 43573c979eb..038ab364589 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/OlderVerification.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/OlderVerification.dfy.expect
@@ -1,15 +1,28 @@
-OlderVerification.dfy(34,16): Error: the 'older' parameter might be newer than the other parameter when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(42,16): Error: the 'older' parameter might be newer than the other parameter when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(89,18): Error: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(141,18): Error: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(168,18): Error: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(263,18): Error: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(267,18): Error: the 'older' parameter might be newer than the other parameter when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(271,18): Error: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(275,18): Error: an 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(279,18): Error: an 'older' parameter might be newer than the non-'older' parameter when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(283,18): Error: an 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(288,20): Error: the 'older' parameter might be newer than the other parameter when the predicate returns 'true'
-OlderVerification.dfy(292,20): Error: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(35,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(34,16): Related location: the 'older' parameter might be newer than the other parameter when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(43,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(42,16): Related location: the 'older' parameter might be newer than the other parameter when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(95,66): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(89,18): Related location: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(145,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(141,18): Related location: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(174,66): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(168,18): Related location: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(264,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(263,18): Related location: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(268,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(267,18): Related location: the 'older' parameter might be newer than the other parameter when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(272,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(271,18): Related location: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(276,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(275,18): Related location: an 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(280,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(279,18): Related location: an 'older' parameter might be newer than the non-'older' parameter when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(284,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(283,18): Related location: an 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(289,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(288,20): Related location: the 'older' parameter might be newer than the other parameter when the predicate returns 'true'
+OlderVerification.dfy(293,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OlderVerification.dfy(292,20): Related location: the 'older' parameter might be newer than all non-'older' parameters when the predicate returns 'true'
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 19 verified, 13 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Parallel.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Parallel.dfy.expect
index 0e7469851b5..2025fe08040 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Parallel.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Parallel.dfy.expect
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Parallel.dfy(46,18): Error: assertion might not hold
 Parallel.dfy(91,18): Error: assertion might not hold
 Parallel.dfy(97,19): Error: possible violation of postcondition of forall statement
 Parallel.dfy(119,11): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
-Parallel.dfy(182,11): Error: left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location
+Parallel.dfy(182,11): Error: left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location (and right-hand sides might not be equivalent)
 Parallel.dfy(293,21): Error: assertion might not hold
 Parallel.dfy(342,9): Error: assertion might not hold
 Parallel.dfy(329,32): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrecedenceLinter.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrecedenceLinter.dfy
index 5eb498de61c..f267e25eef9 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrecedenceLinter.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrecedenceLinter.dfy
@@ -581,3 +581,12 @@ module MatchAcrossMultipleLines {
     }
   }
 }
+
+datatype Result = Success | Failure(s: string)
+  
+function ValidateAction(b: bool): Result
+{
+  if b then Success
+  else Failure(
+      "hello")
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrettyPrinting.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrettyPrinting.dfy
index 76911f0b872..1e7910c7da8 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrettyPrinting.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrettyPrinting.dfy
@@ -168,3 +168,43 @@ module New {
     a := new [] [20, 50, 70];
   }
 }
+
+module BoundedPolymorphism {
+  trait Trait { }
+
+  datatype DT<W extends Trait> = Dt(w: W)
+
+  type Syn<X extends Trait> = DT<X>
+
+  class Class<Y extends Trait> {
+  }
+
+  trait AnotherTrait<Z extends Trait> {
+  }
+
+  type Abstract<V extends Trait extends AnotherTrait<Trait>>
+
+  trait Generic<Q> { }
+
+  codatatype Mutual<A extends Generic<B>, B extends Generic<A>> = More(Mutual)
+
+  function Function<K extends Trait>(k: K): int { 2 }
+
+  method Method<L extends Trait>(l: L) { }
+
+  least predicate Least<M extends Trait>(m: M) { true }
+
+  greatest lemma Greatest<N extends Trait>(n: N) { }
+
+  iterator Iter<O extends Trait>(o: O) { }
+}
+
+module SimpleNewtypeWitness {
+  newtype A = x: int | 100 <= x witness 102
+  newtype B = a: A | true witness 103
+
+  newtype C = A
+  newtype D = A witness 104
+  newtype E = A ghost witness 104
+  newtype F = A witness *
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrettyPrinting.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrettyPrinting.dfy.expect
index 3c1e5bb11ef..3d419383a24 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrettyPrinting.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/PrettyPrinting.dfy.expect
@@ -189,6 +189,67 @@ module New {
     a := new [] [20, 50, 70];
   }
 }
+
+module BoundedPolymorphism {
+  function Function<K extends Trait>(k: K): int
+  {
+    2
+  }
+
+  method Method<L extends Trait>(l: L)
+  {
+  }
+
+  least predicate Least<M extends Trait>(m: M)
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  greatest lemma Greatest<N extends Trait>(n: N)
+  {
+  }
+
+  trait Trait { }
+
+  datatype DT<W extends Trait> = Dt(w: W)
+
+  type Syn<X extends Trait> = DT<X>
+
+  class Class<Y extends Trait> { }
+
+  trait AnotherTrait<Z extends Trait> { }
+
+  type Abstract<V extends Trait extends AnotherTrait<Trait>>
+
+  trait Generic<Q> { }
+
+  codatatype Mutual<A extends Generic<B>, B extends Generic<A>> = More(Mutual)
+
+  iterator Iter<O extends Trait>(o: O)
+  {
+  }
+}
+
+module SimpleNewtypeWitness {
+  newtype A = x: int
+    | 100 <= x
+    witness 102
+
+  newtype B = a: A
+    | true
+    witness 103
+
+  newtype C = A
+
+  newtype D = A
+    witness 104
+
+  newtype E = A
+    ghost witness 104
+
+  newtype F = A
+    witness *
+}
 PrettyPrinting.dfy(20,4): Error: skeleton statements are allowed only in refining methods
 PrettyPrinting.dfy(21,4): Error: skeleton statements are allowed only in refining methods
 PrettyPrinting.dfy(75,16): Error: a possibly infinite loop is allowed only if the enclosing method is declared (with 'decreases *') to be possibly non-terminating
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/RangeCompilation.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/RangeCompilation.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/RangeCompilation.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ReadsOnMethods.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ReadsOnMethods.dfy.expect
index e41ecaaa551..42efd38ffad 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ReadsOnMethods.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ReadsOnMethods.dfy.expect
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+ReadsOnMethods.dfy(293,19): Warning: when a method is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+ReadsOnMethods.dfy(297,21): Warning: when a function is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+ReadsOnMethods.dfy(323,19): Warning: when a method is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
 ReadsOnMethods.dfy(279,8): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 ReadsOnMethods.dfy(280,11): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 ReadsOnMethods.dfy(19,16): Error: insufficient reads clause to read field; Consider adding 'reads c' or 'reads c`u' in the enclosing method specification for resolution
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Refinement.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Refinement.dfy.expect
index e012c09cd7f..eba5fb51b86 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Refinement.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Refinement.dfy.expect
@@ -15,14 +15,14 @@ Refinement.dfy(262,9): Warning: the ... refinement feature in statements is depr
 Refinement.dfy(264,7): Warning: the ... refinement feature in statements is deprecated
 Refinement.dfy(269,7): Warning: the ... refinement feature in statements is deprecated
 Refinement.dfy(276,7): Warning: the ... refinement feature in statements is deprecated
-Refinement.dfy(233,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+Refinement.dfy(233,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
 Refinement.dfy(15,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Refinement.dfy(14,16): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 Refinement.dfy[B](15,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Refinement.dfy(33,19): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 Refinement.dfy(69,15): Error: assertion might not hold
 Refinement.dfy(80,16): Error: assertion might not hold
-Refinement.dfy(99,17): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+Refinement.dfy(100,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Refinement.dfy(78,14): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 Refinement.dfy(102,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Refinement.dfy(83,14): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors2.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors2.dfy.expect
index 9144d802d55..acb24b31d16 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors2.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors2.dfy.expect
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ ResolutionErrors2.dfy(291,28): Error: member 'x' does not exist in datatype '_tu
 ResolutionErrors2.dfy(290,18): Error: condition is expected to be of type bool, but is int
 ResolutionErrors2.dfy(284,39): Error: RHS (of type (int, real, int)) not assignable to LHS (of type (int, real, int, real))
 ResolutionErrors2.dfy(283,34): Error: RHS (of type (int, int, real)) not assignable to LHS (of type (int, real, int)) (covariant type parameter 1 would require int <: real)
-ResolutionErrors2.dfy(283,34): Error: RHS (of type (int, int, real)) not assignable to LHS (of type (int, real, int)) (covariant type parameter 2 would require real <: int)
 ResolutionErrors2.dfy(315,12): Error: type of left argument to % (int) must agree with the result type (real)
 ResolutionErrors2.dfy(315,12): Error: arguments to % must be integer-numeric or bitvector types (got real)
 ResolutionErrors2.dfy(314,19): Error: type of right argument to / (int) must agree with the result type (real)
@@ -70,4 +69,4 @@ ResolutionErrors2.dfy(489,27): Error: set comprehensions in non-ghost contexts m
 ResolutionErrors2.dfy(497,15): Error: arguments to / must be numeric or bitvector types (got set<bool>)
 ResolutionErrors2.dfy(504,20): Error: a call to a possibly non-terminating method is allowed only if the calling method is also declared (with 'decreases *') to be possibly non-terminating
 ResolutionErrors2.dfy(519,16): Error: a possibly infinite loop is allowed only if the enclosing method is declared (with 'decreases *') to be possibly non-terminating
-70 resolution/type errors detected in ResolutionErrors2.dfy
+69 resolution/type errors detected in ResolutionErrors2.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors4.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors4.dfy
index a97eb9be64e..0bad62d5e36 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors4.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors4.dfy
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 2 %verify "%s" > "%t"
-// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=2 "%s"
+
 
 // ------------------- infer array types for Indexable and MultiIndexable XConstraints ----------
 // ------------------- using weaker subtyping constraints                              ----------
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ module AdvancedIndexableInference {
       var xx := c[25].x;
     } else if * {
       var c := d;
-      var xx := c[25..50][10].x;
+      var xx := c[25..50][10].x; // Unfortunately, this gives an error with the new resolver, because it doesn't see to get the element type of c[25..50]
+                                // The best way to improve this is to make name lookups be GuardedConstraints in the resolver, so this may change in the future.
     } else if * {
       var c := e;
       var xx := c[25].x;
@@ -25,7 +26,6 @@ module AdvancedIndexableInference {
     }
   }
 }
-
 // --------------------------
 
 module TypeConversions {
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ module TypeConversions {
   method M() returns (x: int, n: nat, o: object, j: J, c: C) {
     n := x as nat;  // yes, this is allowed now
     o := j;
-    j := o;  // OK for type resolution, but must be proved
+    j := o;  // OK for type resolution, but must be proved (new resolver: error, because it requires an explicit cast here)
     j := o as J;  // yes, this is allowed now
     j := c;
-    c := j;  // OK for type resolution, but must be proved
+    c := j;  // OK for type resolution, but must be proved (new resolver: error, because it requires an explicit cast here)
     c := j as C;  // yes, this is allowed now
     var oo := o as realint;  // error: there's no such type as "realint" (this once used to crash Dafny)
   }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors4.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors4.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1a4bdfb913f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors4.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(153,15): Warning: constructors no longer need 'this' to be listed in modifies clauses
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(18,30): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(43,19): Error: Type or type parameter is not declared in this scope: realint (did you forget to qualify a name or declare a module import 'opened'?) (note that names in outer modules are not visible in contained modules)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(38,6): Error: RHS (of type object) not assignable to LHS (of type J)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(41,6): Error: RHS (of type J) not assignable to LHS (of type C)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(51,44): Error: range of comprehension must be of type bool (instead got C)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(58,21): Error: Duplicate member name: P
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(60,17): Error: Duplicate member name: L
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(68,4): Error: boolean literal used as if it had type int
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(68,4): Error: type of && must be a boolean (got int)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(73,4): Error: type of right argument to && (int) must agree with the result type (bool)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(78,4): Error: boolean literal used as if it had type int
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(78,4): Error: type of || must be a boolean (got int)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(83,4): Error: type of right argument to || (int) must agree with the result type (bool)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(88,4): Error: boolean literal used as if it had type int
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(88,8): Error: boolean literal used as if it had type int
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(88,8): Error: type of || must be a boolean (got int)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(88,4): Error: type of && must be a boolean (got int)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(108,6): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(109,11): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(109,15): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(110,16): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(111,6): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(114,6): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(115,19): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(116,8): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(118,8): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(119,13): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(120,13): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(121,14): Error: in the first division of the constructor body (before 'new;'), 'this' can only be used to assign to its fields
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(152,15): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(154,16): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(171,8): Error: return statement is not allowed before 'new;' in a constructor
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(198,5): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got F) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'F' on line 191 as 'F(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(200,5): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got Y) (perhaps try declaring abstract type 'Y' on line 187 as 'Y(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(238,5): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got SixOrMore)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(239,5): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got AnotherSixOrMore)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(240,5): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got MySixOrMore)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(241,5): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got UnclearA)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(257,17): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got SSixOrMore)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(258,24): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got SAnotherSixOrMore)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(259,19): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got SMySixOrMore)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(260,16): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got SUnclearA)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(292,7): Error: to be a refinement of abstract type 'ZI_RefinementAbstract.B2' declared with (0), type synonym 'ZI_RefinementConcrete0.B2' must support auto-initialization
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(293,7): Error: to be a refinement of abstract type 'ZI_RefinementAbstract.B3' declared with (0), type synonym 'ZI_RefinementConcrete0.B3' must support auto-initialization
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(297,7): Error: to be a refinement of abstract type 'ZI_RefinementAbstract.C3' declared with (00), type synonym 'ZI_RefinementConcrete0.C3' must be nonempty
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(318,4): Error: type parameter 'Q' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(321,4): Error: type parameter 'R' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting auto-initialization
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(314,5): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must support auto-initialization (got XYZ)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(328,7): Error: to be a refinement of abstract type 'ZI_RefinementAbstract.B0' declared with (0), abstract type 'ZI_RefinementConcrete2.B0' must support auto-initialization (perhaps try declaring abstract type 'B0' on line 328 as 'B0(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(330,7): Error: to be a refinement of abstract type 'ZI_RefinementAbstract.B2' declared with (0), abstract type 'ZI_RefinementConcrete2.B2' must support auto-initialization (perhaps try declaring abstract type 'B2' on line 330 as 'B2(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors4.dfy(331,7): Error: to be a refinement of abstract type 'ZI_RefinementAbstract.C0' declared with (00), abstract type 'ZI_RefinementConcrete2.C0' must be nonempty (perhaps try declaring abstract type 'C0' on line 331 as 'C0(00)', which says it can only be instantiated with a nonempty type)
+51 resolution/type errors detected in ResolutionErrors4.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors5.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors5.dfy
index 5a1973feb51..759ea2d29d4 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors5.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors5.dfy
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 2 %verify --allow-axioms "%s" > "%t"
-// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=2 "%s" -- --allow-axioms
+
 
 // ----- constructor-less classes with need for initialization -----
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors5.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors5.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..da6eaa0c35c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors5.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(50,33): Error: type of yield-parameter must support auto-initialization (got 'T')
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(58,13): Error: a ghost function is allowed only in specification contexts
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(72,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(73,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(75,19): Error: type parameter 'G' (passed in as 'ORDINAL') to function call 'F' is not allowed to use ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(76,9): Error: type parameter 'G' (passed in as 'ORDINAL') to function call 'F'' is not allowed to use ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(77,9): Error: type parameter 'G' (passed in as '(char, ORDINAL)') to function call 'F'' is not allowed to use ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(78,18): Error: type parameter 'G' (passed in as 'ORDINAL') to the function 'F'' is not allowed to use ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(79,4): Error: type parameter 'G' (passed in as 'ORDINAL') to the method 'ParameterizedMethod' is not allowed to use ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(83,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(85,14): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(86,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(87,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(88,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(90,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(93,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(93,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(94,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(94,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(94,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(94,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(96,25): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(127,36): Error: Name of yield-parameter is used by another member of the iterator: u
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(128,37): Error: Name of implicit yield-history variable 'u' is already used by another member of the iterator
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(142,13): Error: prefix-equality limit argument must be an ORDINAL or integer expression (got ?5)
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(153,15): Error: To access members of class 'MyClass', write 'MyClass', not 'MyClass?'
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(167,15): Error: name of type (MyClass) is used as a variable
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(168,15): Error: name of type (MyClass?) is used as a variable
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(182,17): Error: To access members of class 'MyClass', write 'MyClass', not 'MyClass?'
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(196,17): Error: name of type (MyClass) is used as a variable
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(197,17): Error: name of type (MyClass?) is used as a variable
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(206,8): Error: static non-ghost const field 'X' of type 'Odd' (which does not have a default compiled value) must give a defining value
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(209,8): Error: static non-ghost const field 'Y' of type 'MyClass' (which does not have a default compiled value) must give a defining value
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(210,14): Error: static ghost const field 'Y'' of type 'MyClass' (which may be empty) must give a defining value
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(214,17): Error: static non-ghost const field 'W' of type 'MyClass' (which does not have a default compiled value) must give a defining value
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(216,17): Error: static non-ghost const field 'O' of type 'Odd' (which does not have a default compiled value) must give a defining value
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(222,17): Error: static non-ghost const field 'W' of type 'MyClass' (which does not have a default compiled value) must give a defining value
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(224,17): Error: static non-ghost const field 'O' of type 'Odd' (which does not have a default compiled value) must give a defining value
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(234,8): Error: class 'Instance' with fields without known initializers, like 'w' of type 'MyClass', must declare a constructor
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(241,8): Error: class 'GhostCl' with fields without known initializers, like 'z' of type 'MyClass', must declare a constructor
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(251,6): Error: LHS of assignment must denote a mutable field
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(252,10): Error: LHS of assignment must denote a mutable field
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(260,6): Error: LHS of assignment must denote a mutable field
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(268,8): Error: LHS of assignment must denote a mutable field of 'this'
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(287,18): Error: a ghost const field is allowed only in specification contexts
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(283,20): Error: a ghost const field is allowed only in specification contexts
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(305,9): Error: quantifiers in non-ghost contexts must be compilable, but Dafny's heuristics can't figure out how to produce or compile a bounded set of values for 'i'
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(309,9): Error: quantifiers in non-ghost contexts must be compilable, but Dafny's heuristics can't figure out how to produce or compile a bounded set of values for 'i'
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(318,22): Error: a set comprehension involved in a const field definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references, but values of 'c' (of type 'Class') may contain references (see documentation for 'older' parameters)
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(315,24): Error: a set comprehension involved in a const field definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references, but values of 'c' (of type 'Class') may contain references (see documentation for 'older' parameters)
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(320,36): Error: a set comprehension involved in a newtype definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references, but values of 'c' (of type 'Class') may contain references (see documentation for 'older' parameters)
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(321,34): Error: a set comprehension involved in a subset type definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references, but values of 'c' (of type 'Class') may contain references (see documentation for 'older' parameters)
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(328,18): Error: set comprehensions in non-ghost contexts must be compilable, but Dafny's heuristics can't figure out how to produce or compile a bounded set of values for 'c'
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(329,18): Error: set comprehensions in non-ghost contexts must be compilable, but Dafny's heuristics can't figure out how to produce or compile a bounded set of values for 'c'
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(337,19): Error: a set comprehension involved in a predicate definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references, but values of 'c' (of type 'Class') may contain references (see documentation for 'older' parameters)
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(346,35): Error: a const field definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(343,37): Error: a const field definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(348,49): Error: a newtype definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(349,47): Error: a subset type definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(356,32): Error: a predicate definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(365,39): Error: a const field definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(362,41): Error: a const field definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(367,53): Error: a newtype definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(368,51): Error: a subset type definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(375,36): Error: a predicate definition is not allowed to depend on the set of allocated references
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(382,31): Error: the value returned by an abstemious function must come from invoking a co-constructor
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(418,31): Error: the value returned by an abstemious function must come from invoking a co-constructor
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(425,32): Error: an abstemious function is allowed to invoke a codatatype destructor only on its parameters
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(430,12): Error: an abstemious function is allowed to codatatype-match only on its parameters
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(437,9): Error: an abstemious function is not allowed to check codatatype equality
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(439,14): Error: an abstemious function is not allowed to check codatatype equality
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(464,19): Error: type parameter 'G' (passed in as 'ORDINAL') to function call 'F' is not allowed to use ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(465,13): Error: type parameter 'G' (passed in as 'ORDINAL') to function call 'F'' is not allowed to use ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(466,13): Error: type parameter 'G' (passed in as '(char, ORDINAL)') to function call 'F'' is not allowed to use ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(467,18): Error: type parameter 'G' (passed in as 'ORDINAL') to the function 'F'' is not allowed to use ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(472,17): Error: type of bound variable 'r' ('ORDINAL') is not allowed to use type ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(473,18): Error: type of bound variable 'r' ('ORDINAL') is not allowed to use type ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(474,24): Error: type of bound variable 'r' ('ORDINAL') is not allowed to use type ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(485,25): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(487,17): Error: type of bound variable 'yt' ('ORDINAL') is not allowed to use type ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(483,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(483,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(482,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(479,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(477,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(476,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(475,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(474,14): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(472,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(471,26): Error: type of bound variable 'r' ('ORDINAL') is not allowed to use type ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(470,18): Error: type of bound variable 'r' ('(ORDINAL, int)') is not allowed to use type ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(469,18): Error: type of bound variable 'r' ('ORDINAL') is not allowed to use type ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(468,4): Error: type parameter 'G' (passed in as 'ORDINAL') to the lemma 'ParameterizedLemma' is not allowed to use ORDINAL
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(462,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(461,8): Error: an ORDINAL type is not allowed to be used as a type argument
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(522,11): Error: no label 'L' in scope at this time
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(525,10): Error: label shadows a dominating label
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(533,10): Error: label shadows a dominating label
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(607,23): Error: no label 'Treasure' in scope at this time
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(608,19): Error: no label 'WonderfulLabel' in scope at this time
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(610,23): Error: no label 'FutureLabel' in scope at this time
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(620,13): Error: no label 'Treasure' in scope at this time
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(621,13): Error: no label 'WonderfulLabel' in scope at this time
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(623,13): Error: no label 'FutureLabel' in scope at this time
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(633,13): Error: no label 'Treasure' in scope at this time
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(634,13): Error: no label 'WonderfulLabel' in scope at this time
+ResolutionErrors5.dfy(636,13): Error: no label 'FutureLabel' in scope at this time
+107 resolution/type errors detected in ResolutionErrors5.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors6.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors6.dfy
index e4970a3baf0..ebed1de2a11 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors6.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors6.dfy
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 2 %verify "%s" > "%t"
-// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=2 "%s"
+
 
 // ----- bad use of types without auto-initializers -----
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors6.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors6.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..09a91ef2e9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors6.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(31,26): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method GimmieOne must support auto-initialization (got Yt<GW>)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(44,50): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(44,50): Error: the argument of a fresh expression must denote an object or a set or sequence of objects (instead got ?10)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(71,11): Error: name of type (Cache) is used as a variable
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(79,13): Warning: the quantifier has the form 'exists x :: A ==> B', which most often is a typo for 'exists x :: A && B'; if you think otherwise, rewrite as 'exists x :: (A ==> B)' or 'exists x :: !A || B' to suppress this warning
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(89,13): Warning: the quantifier has the form 'exists x :: A ==> B', which most often is a typo for 'exists x :: A && B'; if you think otherwise, rewrite as 'exists x :: (A ==> B)' or 'exists x :: !A || B' to suppress this warning
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(123,13): Error: a call to a ghost function is allowed only in specification contexts (consider declaring the function without the 'ghost' keyword)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(124,13): Error: a call to a ghost function is allowed only in specification contexts (consider declaring the function without the 'ghost' keyword)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(126,11): Error: ghost variables such as g are allowed only in specification contexts. g was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(147,4): Error: ghost variables such as g are allowed only in specification contexts. g was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(157,15): Error: a call to a ghost function is allowed only in specification contexts (consider declaring the function without the 'ghost' keyword)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(158,22): Error: a call to a ghost function is allowed only in specification contexts (consider declaring the function without the 'ghost' keyword)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(164,15): Error: a call to a ghost function is allowed only in specification contexts (consider declaring the function without the 'ghost' keyword)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(165,22): Error: a call to a ghost function is allowed only in specification contexts (consider declaring the function without the 'ghost' keyword)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(182,23): Error: type of right argument to * (bool) must agree with the result type (int)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(181,13): Error: not resolving module 'V' because there were errors in resolving its nested module 'W'
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(191,21): Error: type of right argument to * (bool) must agree with the result type (int)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(190,11): Error: not resolving module 'V' because there were errors in resolving its nested module 'W'
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(177,9): Error: not resolving module 'ErrorsFromNestedModules' because there were errors in resolving its nested module 'U'
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(199,11): Error: duplicate name of top-level declaration: G
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(202,10): Related location
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(205,11): Error: duplicate name of top-level declaration: H
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(203,10): Related location
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(221,4): Error: ghost variables such as y are allowed only in specification contexts. y was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(223,20): Error: ghost variables such as y are allowed only in specification contexts. y was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(232,6): Error: ghost variables such as i are allowed only in specification contexts. i was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(233,4): Error: ghost variables such as b are allowed only in specification contexts. b was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(242,6): Error: ghost variables such as i are allowed only in specification contexts. i was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(243,8): Error: ghost variables such as i are allowed only in specification contexts. i was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(244,4): Error: ghost variables such as b are allowed only in specification contexts. b was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(256,13): Error: expression is not allowed to refer to constant field x
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(258,22): Error: expression is not allowed to refer to constant field x
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(269,13): Error: arguments must be of a set or multiset type (got map<X, Y>)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(278,4): Error: expect statement is not allowed in this context (because this is a ghost method or because the statement is guarded by a specification-only expression)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(284,11): Error: quantifiers in non-ghost contexts must be compilable, but Dafny's heuristics can't figure out how to produce or compile a bounded set of values for 'i'
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(285,21): Error: ghost variables such as g are allowed only in specification contexts. g was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(297,15): Error: RHS (of type X) not assignable to LHS (of type X)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(302,10): Error: type of corresponding source/RHS (X) does not match type of bound variable (X)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(330,16): Error: sequence update requires the value to have the element type of the sequence (got Trait)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(335,11): Error: multiset update requires domain element to be of type Elem (got Trait)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(341,13): Error: map update requires domain element to be of type Elem (got Trait)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(343,18): Error: map update requires the value to have the range type Elem (got Trait)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(368,5): Error: type parameter (F) passed to method Q must support auto-initialization (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 363 as 'Y(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(371,5): Error: type parameter (F) passed to method Q must support auto-initialization (got Z) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Z' on line 363 as 'Z(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(372,5): Error: type parameter (G) passed to method P must be nonempty (got Z) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Z' on line 363 as 'Z(00)', which says it can only be instantiated with a nonempty type)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(381,9): Error: type parameter (F) passed to function FQ must support auto-initialization (got Y) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Y' on line 376 as 'Y(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(384,9): Error: type parameter (F) passed to function FQ must support auto-initialization (got Z) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Z' on line 376 as 'Z(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors6.dfy(385,9): Error: type parameter (G) passed to function FP must be nonempty (got Z) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Z' on line 376 as 'Z(00)', which says it can only be instantiated with a nonempty type)
+44 resolution/type errors detected in ResolutionErrors6.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors7.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors7.dfy
index 6ef93602379..72e70c455f9 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors7.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors7.dfy
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 2 %verify "%s" > "%t"
-// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=2 "%s"
+
 
 // --------------- ghost function error messages ------------------------------
 
@@ -189,8 +189,8 @@ module TypeCharacteristicsInGhostCode {
     var d := m == n;  // fine, since d is implicitly ghost
     d, c, d := m == n, k == l, m == n;  // error: "k == l" requires T to support equality
 
-    var q' := QuadEq([x], [x], [0], [0]);  // error: seq<T> requires T to support equality
-    var q'' := QuadEq([0], [0], [x], [x]); // error: seq<T> requires T to support equality
+    var q' := QuadEq([x], [x], [0], [0]);  // error: seq<T> requires T to support equality (1 error for local var, 1 for datatype ctor)
+    var q'' := QuadEq([0], [0], [x], [x]); // error: seq<T> requires T to support equality (1 error for local var, 1 for datatype ctor)
   }
 
   newtype NT = x | var s: set<NoEquality> := {}; |s| <= x  // fine, since constraint is a ghost context
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors7.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors7.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1626ac48908
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors7.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(16,9): Error: a call to a ghost function is allowed only in specification contexts (consider declaring the function without the 'ghost' keyword)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(17,9): Error: a call to a ghost predicate is allowed only in specification contexts (consider declaring the predicate without the 'ghost' keyword)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(18,9): Error: a call to a least predicate is allowed only in specification contexts
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(19,9): Error: a call to a greatest predicate is allowed only in specification contexts
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(20,9): Error: a call to a twostate function is allowed only in specification contexts
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(21,9): Error: a call to a twostate predicate is allowed only in specification contexts
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(38,9): Error: function 'F0' expects 0 type arguments (got 1)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(40,9): Error: function 'F2' expects 2 type arguments (got 1)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(41,9): Error: function 'F0' expects 0 type arguments (got 2)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(42,9): Error: function 'F1' expects 1 type argument (got 2)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(50,4): Error: method 'M0' expects 0 type arguments (got 1)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(52,4): Error: method 'M2' expects 2 type arguments (got 1)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(53,4): Error: method 'M0' expects 0 type arguments (got 2)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(54,4): Error: method 'M1' expects 1 type argument (got 2)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(67,10): Error: ghost variables such as c are allowed only in specification contexts. c was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(71,14): Error: ghost variables such as t are allowed only in specification contexts. t was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(76,10): Error: ghost variables such as a' are allowed only in specification contexts. a' was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(77,10): Error: ghost variables such as c' are allowed only in specification contexts. c' was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(101,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(106,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got Z) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Z' on line 97 as 'Z(00)', which says it can only be instantiated with a nonempty type)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(108,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(109,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got Nonempty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(113,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got Z) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Z' on line 97 as 'Z(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(117,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustSupportEquality must support equality (got NoEquality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(120,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustSupportEquality must support equality (got Z) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Z' on line 97 as 'Z(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(125,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function NoReferences must contain no references (got Class?)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(127,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function NoReferences must contain no references (got Z) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'Z' on line 97 as 'Z(!new)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that contains no references)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(134,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(140,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(155,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function NoReferences must contain no references (got Class?)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(165,12): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got T) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'T' on line 163 as 'T(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(167,7): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got T) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'T' on line 163 as 'T(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(170,12): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function GetInt must support equality (got NoEquality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(172,7): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function GetInt must support equality (got NoEquality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(175,19): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function GetInt must support equality (got NoEquality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(183,13): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got T) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'T' on line 182 as 'T(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(188,13): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got T) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'T' on line 182 as 'T(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(190,23): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got T) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'T' on line 182 as 'T(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(192,14): Error: type parameter 0 (T) passed to type QuadEq must support equality (got seq<T>)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(192,14): Error: type parameter 0 (T) passed to type QuadEq must support equality (got seq<T>)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(193,15): Error: type parameter 1 (U) passed to type QuadEq must support equality (got seq<T>)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(193,15): Error: type parameter 1 (U) passed to type QuadEq must support equality (got seq<T>)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(202,15): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got T) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'T' on line 199 as 'T(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(211,15): Error: == can only be applied to expressions of types that support equality (got T) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'T' on line 199 as 'T(==)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports equality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(229,11): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(230,11): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(231,11): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got Nonempty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(232,11): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustSupportEquality must support equality (got NoEquality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(233,11): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function NoReferences must contain no references (got Class?)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(237,47): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(238,12): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(242,11): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(243,11): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(244,11): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got Nonempty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(245,11): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustSupportEquality must support equality (got NoEquality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(246,11): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function NoReferences must contain no references (got Class?)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(250,50): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(251,12): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(254,12): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustSupportEquality must support equality (got NoEquality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(258,12): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustSupportEquality must support equality (got NoEquality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(263,53): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(266,63): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(283,6): Error: ghost variables such as m are allowed only in specification contexts. m was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(287,8): Error: non-ghost variable cannot be assigned a value that depends on a ghost
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(291,18): Error: ghost variables such as m are allowed only in specification contexts. m was inferred to be ghost based on its declaration or initialization.
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(317,6): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(323,6): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(324,6): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got Nonempty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(331,6): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustSupportEquality must support equality (got NoEquality)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(338,6): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function NoReferences must contain no references (got Class?)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(344,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeNonempty must be nonempty (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(350,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function MustBeAutoInit must support auto-initialization (got PossiblyEmpty)
+ResolutionErrors7.dfy(365,9): Error: type parameter (T) passed to function NoReferences must contain no references (got Class?)
+73 resolution/type errors detected in ResolutionErrors7.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors9.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors9.dfy
index 966e099ed22..6f3bb69b40c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors9.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors9.dfy
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 2 %verify --allow-axioms "%s" > "%t"
-// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=2 "%s" -- --allow-axioms
+
 
 // --------------- regressions: using "this" in places where there is no enclosing class/type ------------------------------
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors9.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors9.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9e3286dc385
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ResolutionErrors9.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(41,22): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(9,22): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(9,27): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(13,25): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(13,30): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(14,13): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(14,18): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(15,12): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(15,17): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(20,22): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(20,27): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(22,22): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(22,27): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(23,13): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(23,18): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(24,12): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(24,17): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(26,23): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(26,28): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(30,23): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(30,28): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(40,32): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(43,29): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(42,33): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(45,29): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(44,41): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(49,21): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(49,26): Error: type of the receiver is not fully determined at this program point
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(58,20): Error: type parameter (G) passed to type AutoStream must support auto-initialization (got G) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'G' on line 58 as 'G(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(59,25): Error: type parameter (G) passed to type AutoStream must support auto-initialization (got G) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'G' on line 59 as 'G(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(61,17): Error: type parameter (G) passed to type AutoStream must support auto-initialization (got G) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'G' on line 61 as 'G(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(62,32): Error: type parameter (G) passed to type AutoStream must support auto-initialization (got G) (perhaps try declaring type parameter 'G' on line 62 as 'G(0)', which says it can only be instantiated with a type that supports auto-initialization)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(85,6): Error: when allocating an object of type 'ClassWithConstructor', one of its constructor methods must be called
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(86,6): Error: when allocating an object of type 'ClassWithConstructor', one of its constructor methods must be called
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(99,8): Error: when allocating an object of type 'Y', one of its constructor methods must be called
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(104,8): Error: when allocating an object of type 'Luci', one of its constructor methods must be called
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(105,8): Error: when allocating an object of type 'Luci', one of its constructor methods must be called
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(129,46): Error: boolean literal used as if it had type int
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(210,16): Error: array selection requires integer- or bitvector-based numeric indices (got bool for index 0)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(210,23): Error: array selection requires integer- or bitvector-based numeric indices (got real for index 1)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(212,17): Error: multi-element selection position expression must have an integer or bitvector type (got real)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(212,22): Error: multi-element selection position expression must have an integer or bitvector type (got real)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(213,17): Error: multi-element selection position expression must have an integer or bitvector type (got real)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(214,19): Error: multi-element selection position expression must have an integer or bitvector type (got real)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(215,15): Error: multi-element selection position expression must have an integer or bitvector type (got real)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(215,20): Error: multi-element selection position expression must have an integer or bitvector type (got real)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(216,15): Error: multi-element selection position expression must have an integer or bitvector type (got real)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(217,17): Error: multi-element selection position expression must have an integer or bitvector type (got real)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(208,13): Error: index expression must have an integer or bitvector type (got real)
+ResolutionErrors9.dfy(209,11): Error: index expression must have an integer or bitvector type (got real)
+50 resolution/type errors detected in ResolutionErrors9.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/RevealConsistency.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/RevealConsistency.dfy.expect
index d441109d535..4f47a8bab56 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/RevealConsistency.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/RevealConsistency.dfy.expect
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-RevealConsistency.dfy(7,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+RevealConsistency.dfy(11,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 RevealConsistency.dfy(8,14): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/RuntimeTypeTests0.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/RuntimeTypeTests0.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a3237e853cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/RuntimeTypeTests0.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+//CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SeqFromArray.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SeqFromArray.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3d586af71fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SeqFromArray.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0061]: this function takes 1 argument but 0 arguments were supplied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SharedDestructorsCompile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SharedDestructorsCompile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SharedDestructorsCompile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SmallTests.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SmallTests.dfy
index 7402392fd87..b14b1b2aa90 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SmallTests.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SmallTests.dfy
@@ -880,7 +880,7 @@ module DatatypeTestZ {
 module ConstantFieldReceiverNonNull {
   newtype Six = x | 6 <= x witness 6
 
-  trait Trait {
+  trait Trait extends object {
     const x0: Six
     const x1: Six := 7
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SmallTests.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SmallTests.dfy.expect
index ff19928a29b..13af3fb09b0 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SmallTests.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SmallTests.dfy.expect
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 SmallTests.dfy(920,4): Warning: You have written an assert statement with a negated condition, but the lack of whitespace between 'assert' and '!' suggests you may be used to Rust and have accidentally negated the asserted condition. If you did not intend the negation, remove the '!' and the parentheses; if you do want the negation, please add a space between the 'assert' and '!'.
 SmallTests.dfy(926,4): Warning: You have written an assert statement with a negated condition, but the lack of whitespace between 'assert' and '!' suggests you may be used to Rust and have accidentally negated the asserted condition. If you did not intend the negation, remove the '!' and the parentheses; if you do want the negation, please add a space between the 'assert' and '!'.
+SmallTests.dfy(389,23): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless method together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+SmallTests.dfy(399,31): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless function together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+SmallTests.dfy(411,25): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless method together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+SmallTests.dfy(421,30): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless constructor together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+SmallTests.dfy(431,33): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless function together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
 SmallTests.dfy(599,12): Warning: Argument to 'old' does not dereference the mutable heap, so this use of 'old' has no effect
 SmallTests.dfy(548,4): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 SmallTests.dfy(34,11): Error: index out of range
@@ -36,7 +41,7 @@ SmallTests.dfy(396,3): Error: cannot prove termination; try supplying a decrease
 SmallTests.dfy(408,11): Error: assertion might not hold
 SmallTests.dfy(418,11): Error: assertion might not hold
 SmallTests.dfy(428,5): Error: cannot prove termination; try supplying a decreases clause
-SmallTests.dfy(440,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+SmallTests.dfy(445,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 SmallTests.dfy(443,40): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 SmallTests.dfy(604,11): Error: assertion might not hold
 SmallTests.dfy(618,19): Error: left-hand sides n.next and n.next.next might refer to the same location
@@ -57,6 +62,11 @@ SmallTests.dfy(920,10): Error: assertion might not hold
 SmallTests.dfy(926,10): Error: assertion might not hold
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 56 verified, 50 errors
+SmallTests.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(65,23): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless method together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+SmallTests.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(75,31): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless function together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+SmallTests.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(590,25): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless method together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+SmallTests.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(600,30): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless constructor together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
+SmallTests.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(610,33): Warning: The {:verify false} attribute should only be used during development. Consider using a bodyless function together with the {:axiom} attribute instead
 SmallTests.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(121,12): Warning: Argument to 'old' does not dereference the mutable heap, so this use of 'old' has no effect
 SmallTests.dfy.tmp.dprint.dfy(685,4): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Strings.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Strings.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..294d69868c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Strings.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitCharBoundedPool</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SubsetTypes.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SubsetTypes.dfy
index 0e7e8a516af..1a450dbf14f 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SubsetTypes.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SubsetTypes.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 4 %build "%s" --relax-definite-assignment --allow-axioms > "%t"
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify "%s" --performance-stats=10 --relax-definite-assignment --allow-axioms > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
 module AssignmentToNat {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SubsetTypes.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SubsetTypes.dfy.expect
index cf5e7e416cd..c26e020b6a6 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SubsetTypes.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/SubsetTypes.dfy.expect
@@ -63,10 +63,10 @@ SubsetTypes.dfy(318,18): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of
 SubsetTypes.dfy(323,20): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
 SubsetTypes.dfy(330,20): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'Nat'
 SubsetTypes.dfy(337,20): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'Nat'
-SubsetTypes.dfy(343,18): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'Nat'
 SubsetTypes.dfy(342,7): Error: cannot find witness that shows type is inhabited (only tried 0); try giving a hint through a 'witness' or 'ghost witness' clause, or use 'witness *' to treat as a possibly empty type
-SubsetTypes.dfy(348,18): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'Nat'
+SubsetTypes.dfy(343,18): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'Nat'
 SubsetTypes.dfy(347,10): Error: cannot find witness that shows type is inhabited (only tried 0); try giving a hint through a 'witness' or 'ghost witness' clause, or use 'witness *' to treat as a possibly empty type
+SubsetTypes.dfy(348,18): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'Nat'
 SubsetTypes.dfy(352,7): Error: cannot find witness that shows type is inhabited (only tried 0); try giving a hint through a 'witness' or 'ghost witness' clause, or use 'witness *' to treat as a possibly empty type
 SubsetTypes.dfy(360,21): Error: possible division by zero
 SubsetTypes.dfy(365,23): Error: possible division by zero
@@ -91,3 +91,5 @@ SubsetTypes.dfy(459,15): Error: assertion might not hold
 SubsetTypes.dfy(464,13): Error: assertion might not hold
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 13 verified, 91 errors
+Total resources used is 775020
+Max resources used by VC is 101850
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Superposition.legacy.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Superposition.legacy.dfy.expect
index c6273819d6e..d2c642f6533 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Superposition.legacy.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Superposition.legacy.dfy.expect
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ Verifying M0.C.M (correctness) ...
 
 Verifying M0.C.Q (well-formedness) ...
   [3 proof obligations]  error
-Superposition.legacy.dfy(20,20): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+Superposition.legacy.dfy(23,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Superposition.legacy.dfy(21,25): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 
 Verifying M0.C.R (well-formedness) ...
   [3 proof obligations]  error
-Superposition.legacy.dfy(26,20): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+Superposition.legacy.dfy(29,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Superposition.legacy.dfy(27,25): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 
 Verifying M1.C.M (correctness) ...
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TailCalls.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TailCalls.dfy.expect
index fd15ff0a3ca..0571cf4009c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TailCalls.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TailCalls.dfy.expect
@@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ TailCalls.dfy(449,14): Error: a recursive call in this context is not recognized
 TailCalls.dfy(451,19): Error: a recursive call in this context is not recognized as a tail call
 TailCalls.dfy(462,11): Error: a recursive call in this context is not recognized as a tail call
 TailCalls.dfy(110,14): Error: the recursive call to '_ctor' is not tail recursive, because the assignment of the LHS happens after the call
-TailCalls.dfy(126,19): Error: the recursive call to 'Compute' is not tail recursive because the actual type parameter is not the formal type parameter 'G'
-TailCalls.dfy(139,17): Error: the recursive call to 'Run' is not tail recursive because the actual type parameter 1 is not the formal type parameter 'G'
+TailCalls.dfy(126,19): Error: the recursive call to 'Compute' is not tail recursive because the actual type argument is not the formal type parameter 'G'
+TailCalls.dfy(139,17): Error: the recursive call to 'Run' is not tail recursive because the actual type argument 1 is not the formal type parameter 'G'
 30 resolution/type errors detected in TailCalls.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Termination.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Termination.dfy.expect
index 0d2842886fd..0106799b5a5 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Termination.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Termination.dfy.expect
@@ -22,4 +22,4 @@ Termination.dfy(806,2): Error: cannot prove termination; try supplying a decreas
 Termination.dfy(1178,2): Error: cannot prove termination; try supplying a decreases clause for the loop
 Termination.dfy(1194,2): Error: cannot prove termination; try supplying a decreases clause for the loop
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 112 verified, 23 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 108 verified, 23 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Termination.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Termination.dfy.refresh.expect
index 65c547aff38..e617b14d52a 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Termination.dfy.refresh.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Termination.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@ Termination.dfy(923,2): Error: cannot prove termination; try supplying a decreas
 Termination.dfy(1178,2): Error: cannot prove termination; try supplying a decreases clause for the loop
 Termination.dfy(1194,2): Error: cannot prove termination; try supplying a decreases clause for the loop
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 111 verified, 24 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 107 verified, 24 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Tooltips.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Tooltips.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2f490445ec4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Tooltips.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// RUN: %dafny /compile:0 /typeSystemRefresh:1 /generalNewtypes:1 /printTooltips "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+type D<X> = set
+
+type B0<Y> = (int, B1<Y>)
+type B1<YY> = y: set | true
+
+newtype NN<!Y3> = iset<Y3>
+datatype B2<!Y2> = Something(NN<Y2>)
+
+newtype OO<!Y5> = y: iset<Y5> | true
+codatatype B3<!Y4> = Something(OO<Y4>)
+
+method M<T>(s: set)
+method N<W>() returns (s: set<W>)
+function F<U>(s: set): U
+function G<U>(x: U): set
+
+method M'(s: set)
+method N'() returns (s: set)
+function F'(s: set): int
+function G'(x: int): set
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Tooltips.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Tooltips.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..db3d6ab324c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Tooltips.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Warning: this way of using the CLI is deprecated. Use 'dafny --help' to see help for the new Dafny CLI format
+Tooltips.dfy(4,7): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(6,8): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(7,8): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(9,12): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(10,13): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(12,12): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(13,15): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(15,9): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(16,9): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(17,11): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(18,11): Info: (==)
+Tooltips.dfy(20,7): Info: <_T0(==)>
+Tooltips.dfy(21,7): Info: <_T0(==)>
+Tooltips.dfy(22,9): Info: <_T0(==)>
+Tooltips.dfy(23,9): Info: <_T0(==)>
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Twostate-Resolution.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Twostate-Resolution.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2de5f62f282
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Twostate-Resolution.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,765 @@
+// Twostate-Resolution.dfy
+
+
+module M0 {
+  twostate lemma L8(a: A, new b: A)
+    requires unchanged(a.g)
+    modifies a.g
+    decreases old(a.f)
+  {
+  }
+
+  class A {
+    var f: int
+    var g: A
+  }
+}
+
+module M1 {
+  class C {
+    var f: int
+  }
+
+  class K {
+    var g: int
+
+    method M(c: C)
+      requires unchanged(c)
+      ensures unchanged(c)
+
+    lemma L(c: C)
+      requires unchanged(c)
+      ensures unchanged(c)
+
+    ghost function F(c: C): bool
+      requires unchanged(c)
+      ensures unchanged(c)
+
+    twostate lemma L2(c: C, d: C)
+      requires unchanged(c, d`f, `g, this`g)
+      ensures unchanged(c)
+    {
+      assert g == this.g == this.g == d.f;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module PrettyPrinting {
+  twostate function F(x: int, new u: object): real
+  {
+    x as real
+  }
+
+  twostate predicate P(y: real, new u: object)
+  {
+    y.Floor as real == y
+  }
+
+  class U {
+    twostate function G(x: int, new u: object): real
+    {
+      x as real
+    }
+
+    twostate predicate Q(y: real, new u: object)
+    {
+      y.Floor as real == y
+    }
+
+    static twostate function H(x: int, new u: object): real
+    {
+      x as real
+    }
+
+    static twostate predicate R(y: real, new u: object)
+    {
+      y.Floor as real == y
+    }
+
+    function MF(y: real, ghost g: int): char
+    {
+      'G'
+    }
+
+    twostate lemma LL(y: real, new u: object)
+    {
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module F {
+  class U {
+    var aa: int
+    var bb: int
+    var next: U
+
+    static twostate function H(x: int, new u: object): real
+    {
+      assert u == this;
+      x as real
+    }
+
+    twostate predicate R(y: real, new u: object)
+    {
+      y.Floor
+    }
+
+    twostate function G(x: int, new u: object): real
+      requires this != u
+      requires old(aa) <= aa && unchanged(`bb)
+      reads this, old(next)
+      ensures old(aa) <= aa && old(G(x, u)) == G(x, u)
+      decreases old(aa) - old(aa) + x
+    {
+      if 0 < x then
+        G(x - 1, u)
+      else
+        x as real
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module G {
+  twostate predicate P()
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  ghost function Fu(): int
+    requires P()
+    reads if P() then {null} else {}
+    ensures P()
+    decreases P(), old(c.f)
+
+  method Me(c: C) returns (b: bool)
+    requires P()
+    modifies if P() then {null} else {}
+    ensures P()
+    decreases P(), old(c.f)
+
+  twostate function TF(c: C): int
+    requires P()
+    reads if P() then {null} else {}
+    ensures P()
+    decreases P(), old(c.f), c.f
+
+  twostate lemma TL(c: C)
+    requires P()
+    ensures P()
+    decreases P(), old(c.f), c.f
+
+  class C {
+    var f: int
+  }
+
+  iterator Iter(c: C)
+    requires P()
+    reads if P() then {null} else {}
+    modifies if P() then {null} else {}
+    yield requires P()
+    yield ensures P()
+    ensures P()
+    decreases P(), old(c.f)
+}
+
+module H {
+  twostate predicate P()
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  ghost function Fu(): int
+  {
+    ghost var p: () -> bool := P;
+    ghost var q: () -> bool := YY.Sp;
+    if P() then
+      5
+    else
+      7
+  }
+
+  method Me(c: C) returns (b: bool)
+    ensures P()
+  {
+    assert P();
+    ghost var p: () -> bool := P;
+    ghost var q: () -> bool := YY.Sp;
+  }
+
+  twostate function TF(c: C): int
+    requires P()
+    ensures P()
+    decreases P(), old(c.f), c.f
+  {
+    if P() then
+      5
+    else
+      var p: () -> bool := P; if p() then 7 else 9
+  }
+
+  twostate lemma TL(c: C)
+    requires P()
+    ensures P()
+    decreases P(), old(c.f), c.f
+  {
+    assert P();
+    var p: () -> bool := P;
+  }
+
+  ghost function K(c: C): int
+  {
+    TL(c);
+    5
+  }
+
+  class C {
+    var f: int
+  }
+
+  class YY {
+    static twostate predicate Sp()
+    {
+      false
+    }
+  }
+
+  class D {
+    ghost function G(): int
+
+    static method Sm(c: C) returns (ghost b: bool)
+      ensures P()
+    {
+      ghost var u := G();
+      ghost var g := G;
+      assert P();
+      b := P();
+      ghost var p: () -> bool := P;
+      ghost var q: () -> bool := YY.Sp;
+    }
+  }
+
+  iterator Iter(c: C)
+    yield ensures P()
+    ensures P()
+  {
+  }
+}
+
+module J {
+  twostate predicate P()
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  method Me() returns (b: bool)
+    ensures P()
+  {
+    assert P();
+    b := P();
+    var p': () -> bool;
+    p' := P;
+  }
+}
+
+module OldWithinOld {
+  class C {
+    var data: int
+    var next: C
+
+    twostate function F(): int
+
+    twostate lemma L()
+
+    method M()
+    {
+      ghost var x0 := old(F());
+      ghost var x1 := old(L(); 5);
+      ghost var x2 := old(unchanged(this));
+      ghost var x3 := unchanged(old(next));
+      ghost var x4 := old(fresh(this));
+      ghost var x5 := fresh(old(next));
+      ghost var x6 := old(old(data));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module TraitsAndOldParameters {
+  class C { }
+
+  trait Tr {
+    twostate predicate A(c: C)
+
+    twostate predicate B(new c: C)
+
+    twostate predicate P(c: C, new d: C)
+
+    twostate lemma L(c: C)
+
+    twostate lemma M(new c: C)
+
+    twostate lemma N(c: C, new d: C)
+  }
+
+  class Cl extends Tr {
+    twostate predicate A(new c: C)
+
+    twostate predicate B(c: C)
+
+    twostate predicate P(c: C, new d: C)
+
+    twostate lemma L(new c: C)
+
+    twostate lemma M(c: C)
+
+    twostate lemma N(c: C, new d: C)
+  }
+}
+
+module PrintTest {
+  function Five(): int
+  {
+    5
+  }
+
+  ghost function Six(): int
+  {
+    6
+  }
+
+  function Ten(): int
+  {
+    var f := Five();
+    ghost var s := Six();
+    assert s == 6;
+    f + f
+  }
+
+  function TenAgain(): int
+  {
+    var ten := var f := Five(); ghost var s := Six(); assert s == 6; f + f;
+    ten
+  }
+
+  ghost function TenOnceMore(): int
+  {
+    var ten := var f := Five(); ghost var s := Six(); assert s == 6; f + f;
+    ten
+  }
+
+  ghost function Eleven(): int
+  {
+    var f, s := Five(), Six();
+    f + s
+  }
+
+  ghost function Twelve(): int
+  {
+    var s, t := Six(), Six();
+    s + t
+  }
+
+  function Twenty(): int
+  {
+    var x :| x == 10;
+    x + x
+  }
+
+  function TwentyOne(): int
+  {
+    ghost var x :| x == 10 && Yes(x);
+    assert x + x + 1 == 21;
+    21
+  }
+
+  ghost predicate Yes(x: int)
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  type Odd = x
+    | var rr := 2; x % rr == 1
+    witness var ww := 2; ww + 7
+
+  newtype NewOdd = x
+    | var rr := 2; x % rr == 1
+    witness var ww := 2; ww + 7
+
+  type Even = x
+    | var rr := 2; x % rr == 0
+    ghost witness var ww := 2; ww + 8
+
+  newtype NewEven = x
+    | var rr := 2; x % rr == 0
+    ghost witness var ww := 2; ww + 8
+}
+
+module TwoStateAt {
+  twostate function SP<Y>(c: Cell, y: Y): int
+    reads c
+  {
+    old(c.data) + c.data
+  }
+
+  ghost function F(): int
+  {
+    9
+  }
+
+  method Test<Y>(c: Cell, b: bool, y: Y)
+    requires c.data == 2
+    modifies c
+  {
+    assert c.Plus(0) == 4;
+    c.data := c.data + 3;
+    label Five:
+    assert Cell.Sum(c, y) == 7;
+    assert Cell.Sum<int>@Five(c, 0) == 10;
+    assert Cell.Sum@Five(c, 0) == 10;
+    assert Cell.Sum<Y>@Five(c, y) == 10;
+    assert Cell.Sum@Five(c, y) == 10;
+    c.data := c.data + 1;
+    assert SP<bv3>(c, 0) == 8;
+    assert SP<Y>@DoesNotExist(c, y) == 11;
+    if b {
+      label OnlyB:
+      c.data := c.data + 10;
+    } else {
+      c.data := c.data + 20;
+    }
+    label PostIf:
+    assert c.Plus<Y>@OnlyB(y) == 16 || c.Plus<int>@Five(0) == 26;
+    assert b ==> Cell.Sum@PostIf(c, y) == 32;
+    ghost var z := F@Five();
+  }
+
+  twostate lemma TwoLemma<Y>(c: Cell, y: Y)
+    requires 2 * old(c.data) <= Cell.Sum<Y>(c, y)
+    ensures old(c.data) <= SP<int>(c, 0) == SP<Y>(c, y) == c.Plus(0)
+  {
+  }
+
+  method CallLemmas<Y>(c: Cell, b: bool, y: Y)
+    modifies c
+  {
+    c.data := c.data + 1;
+    label OneMore:
+    if -1 <= old(c.data) {
+      TwoLemma<Y>(c, y);
+    }
+    c.data := c.data + 4;
+    label FiveMore:
+    TwoLemma<int>@OneMore(c, 0);
+    if b {
+      c.data := c.data - 10;
+      TwoLemma<Y>@FiveMore(c, y);
+    } else {
+      c.data := c.data + 2;
+      TwoLemma<int>@After(c, 0);
+    }
+    c.LL(y);
+    c.LL<Y>(y);
+    c.LL<bv3>(0);
+    label After:
+    var g := c.G@FiveMore();
+    c.Theorem@OneMore();
+  }
+
+  method ExprAt(c: Cell, f: int -> int, g: int -> int, b: bool)
+  {
+    label L:
+    var plus := c.Plus<int>;
+    var xL := plus@L(0);
+  }
+
+  twostate lemma ReturnSomething(c: Cell) returns (x: int, d: Cell)
+  {
+    d := c;
+  }
+
+  method CallTwo(c: Cell)
+    modifies c
+  {
+    c.data := 16;
+    label L:
+    var x, d := ReturnSomething@L(c);
+  }
+
+  ghost function {:opaque} OrdinaryOpaque(): int
+  {
+    12
+  }
+
+  method UseOrdinaryOpaque()
+  {
+    label L:
+    reveal OrdinaryOpaque();
+    reveal OrdinaryOpaque;
+    reveal OrdinaryOpaque@K();
+    reveal OrdinaryOpaque@L();
+  }
+
+  ghost function FuncUseOrdinaryOpaque(): int
+  {
+    reveal OrdinaryOpaque();
+    reveal OrdinaryOpaque;
+    reveal OrdinaryOpaque@K();
+    10
+  }
+
+  twostate function {:opaque} Opaque(): int
+  {
+    12
+  }
+
+  method UseOpaque()
+  {
+    label L:
+    reveal Opaque();
+    reveal Opaque;
+    reveal Opaque@K();
+    reveal Opaque@L();
+  }
+
+  ghost function FuncUseOpaque(): int
+  {
+    reveal Opaque();
+    reveal Opaque;
+    reveal Opaque@K();
+    10
+  }
+
+  twostate function TwoFuncUseOpaque(): int
+  {
+    reveal Opaque();
+    reveal Opaque;
+    reveal Opaque@K();
+    10
+  }
+
+  twostate lemma EasyTwo()
+    ensures true
+
+  ghost function CallEasy(): int
+  {
+    EasyTwo();
+    9
+  }
+
+  class Cell {
+    var data: int
+
+    constructor (x: int)
+      ensures data == x
+    {
+      data := x;
+    }
+
+    static twostate function Sum<Y>(c: Cell, y: Y): int
+      reads c
+    {
+      c.Plus<Y>(y)
+    }
+
+    twostate function Plus<Y>(y: Y): int
+      reads this
+    {
+      SP<Y>(this, y)
+    }
+
+    twostate lemma LL<Y>(y: Y)
+      ensures old(data) < data
+    {
+      var g := data;
+      IdentityLemma<Y>(this, y);
+      Cell.IdentityLemma<int>(this, 0);
+      this.IdentityLemma<Y>(this, y);
+      assert data == g;
+    }
+
+    static twostate lemma IdentityLemma<Y>(c: Cell, y: Y)
+    {
+      assert old(c.data) == c.data;
+    }
+
+    function G(): int
+    {
+      32
+    }
+
+    lemma Theorem()
+    {
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+module OlderParameters {
+  class C { }
+
+  trait Tr {
+    ghost predicate P(a: C)
+
+    ghost predicate Q(older a: C)
+
+    twostate predicate X(a: C)
+
+    twostate predicate Y(new a: C)
+  }
+
+  class Good extends Tr {
+    ghost predicate P(a: C)
+
+    ghost predicate Q(older a: C)
+
+    twostate predicate X(a: C)
+
+    twostate predicate Y(new a: C)
+  }
+
+  class Bad extends Tr {
+    ghost predicate P(older a: C)
+
+    ghost predicate Q(a: C)
+
+    twostate predicate X(new a: C)
+
+    twostate predicate Y(a: C)
+  }
+}
+
+module RefinementBase {
+  ghost predicate P(a: C)
+
+  ghost predicate Q(older a: C)
+
+  twostate predicate X(a: C)
+
+  twostate predicate Y(new a: C)
+
+  class C { }
+}
+
+module GoodRefinement refines RefinementBase {
+  ghost predicate P(a: C)
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  ghost predicate Q(older a: C)
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  twostate predicate X(a: C)
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  twostate predicate Y(new a: C)
+  {
+    true
+  }
+}
+
+module BadRefinement refines RefinementBase {
+  ghost predicate P(older a: C)
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  ghost predicate Q(a: C)
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  twostate predicate X(new a: C)
+  {
+    true
+  }
+
+  twostate predicate Y(a: C)
+  {
+    true
+  }
+}
+
+module RevealInsideIterator {
+  ghost function {:opaque} G(): int
+  {
+    2
+  }
+
+  iterator Iter(x: int) yields (r: int)
+  {
+    reveal G();
+  }
+}
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(13,15): Error: twostate lemmas are not allowed to have modifies clauses
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(25,15): Error: unchanged expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(28,15): Error: unchanged expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(31,15): Error: unchanged expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(32,14): Error: unchanged expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(93,18): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(97,23): Error: Function body type mismatch (expected bool, got int)
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(106,12): Error: old expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(107,35): Error: two-state function ('G') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(122,13): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(123,13): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(124,12): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(125,14): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(126,14): Error: old expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(126,18): Error: unresolved identifier: c
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(129,13): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(130,16): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(132,14): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(133,14): Error: old expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(147,13): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(142,14): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(143,14): Error: old expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(138,13): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(139,16): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(136,13): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(137,19): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(165,31): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(166,34): Error: two-state function ('Sp') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(167,7): Error: two-state function ('P') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(218,6): Error: two-state lemmas can only be used in two-state contexts
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(183,21): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(184,21): Error: 'this' is not allowed in a 'static' context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(229,9): Error: a call to a twostate predicate is allowed only in specification contexts
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(230,30): Error: a twostate predicate is allowed only in specification contexts
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(242,26): Error: two-state function ('F') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(243,27): Error: two-state lemmas can only be used in two-state contexts
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(244,26): Error: unchanged expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(246,26): Error: fresh expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(248,26): Error: old expressions are not allowed in this context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(264,29): Error: parameter 'c' of function A cannot be changed, compared to in the overridden function, from non-new to new
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(265,25): Error: parameter 'c' of function B cannot be changed, compared to in the overridden function, from new to non-new
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(267,25): Error: in-parameter 'c' of method L cannot be changed, compared to in the overridden method, from non-new to new
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(268,21): Error: in-parameter 'c' of method M cannot be changed, compared to in the overridden method, from new to non-new
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(405,17): Error: no label 'DoesNotExist' in scope at this time
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(415,21): Error: no label 'OnlyB' in scope at this time
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(418,21): Error: an @-label can only be applied to a two-state function
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(445,20): Error: no label 'After' in scope at this time
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(452,17): Error: an @-label can only be applied to a two-state function
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(453,14): Error: an @-label can only be applied to a two-state lemma
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(459,19): Error: an @-label can only be applied to a two-state function
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(482,27): Error: an @-label can not be used in a hide or reveal statement
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(483,27): Error: an @-label can not be used in a hide or reveal statement
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(488,27): Error: an @-label can not be used in a hide or reveal statement
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(496,19): Error: an @-label can not be used in a hide or reveal statement
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(497,19): Error: an @-label can not be used in a hide or reveal statement
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(500,11): Error: two-state function ('Opaque') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(501,11): Error: two-state function ('Opaque') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(502,19): Error: an @-label can not be used in a hide or reveal statement
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(502,11): Error: two-state function ('Opaque') can only be called in a two-state context
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(508,19): Error: an @-label can not be used in a hide or reveal statement
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(515,11): Error: two-state lemmas can only be used in two-state contexts
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(535,28): Error: parameter 'a' of function P cannot be changed, compared to in the overridden function, from non-older to older
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(536,22): Error: parameter 'a' of function Q cannot be changed, compared to in the overridden function, from older to non-older
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(537,29): Error: parameter 'a' of function X cannot be changed, compared to in the overridden function, from non-new to new
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(538,25): Error: parameter 'a' of function Y cannot be changed, compared to in the overridden function, from new to non-new
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(558,26): Error: parameter 'a' of function P cannot be changed, compared to the corresponding function in the module it refines, from non-older to older
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(559,20): Error: parameter 'a' of function Q cannot be changed, compared to the corresponding function in the module it refines, from older to non-older
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(560,27): Error: parameter 'a' of function X cannot be changed, compared to the corresponding function in the module it refines, from non-new to new
+Twostate-Resolution.dfy(561,23): Error: parameter 'a' of function Y cannot be changed, compared to the corresponding function in the module it refines, from new to non-new
+69 resolution/type errors detected in Twostate-Resolution.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeConversionsCompile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeConversionsCompile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d131d585c89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeConversionsCompile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type\ name\ for\ ORDINAL\ \(Microsoft_dDafny_dBigOrdinalType\)</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy
index b76128e5e31..fb785503221 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ function Qf(x: int, a: array<int>): bool
   forall i :: 0 <= i < x ==> m[i] == true // error: index might be outside domain
 }
 
-trait AsTr { }
+trait AsTr extends object { }
 class AsCl extends AsTr { }
 
 method Is(clIn: AsCl) {
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ method As(clIn: AsCl, ch: char) returns (cl: AsCl) {
   var x: int;
   var ord: ORDINAL;
   x := ch as int;
-  ord := ch as ORDINAL;
+
 }
 
 method As?(clIn: AsCl) returns (cl: AsCl?) {
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ method Mxy(x: int, y: int) {
 }
 
 module Inheritance {
-  trait Trait { }
+  trait Trait extends object { }
   class A extends Trait { }
   class B extends Trait { }
   class C<X, Y, Z> extends Trait { }
@@ -1010,6 +1010,26 @@ module UnaryMinus {
   }
 }
 
+module TypeInferenceViaInAndEquals {
+  trait GrandParent { }
+  trait Parent extends GrandParent { const data: int }
+  trait Child extends Parent { }
+
+  method Test(ghost s: set<Parent>, n: Parent) returns (ghost b: bool)
+  {
+    // type inference uses "in" to obtain type
+    b := forall y :: y in s ==> y.data == 19;
+    b := forall y :: y in s ==> P(y);
+
+    // type inference uses "==" to obtain type
+    b := forall y :: y == n ==> y.data == 19;
+    var z := MagicAssign();
+    b := z == n;
+  }
+
+  predicate P<X>(x: X)
+  method MagicAssign<X>() returns (r: X)
+}
 
 /****************************************************************************************
  ******** TO DO *************************************************************************
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy.expect
index d4f42c52c0c..0844dd8c4c1 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy.expect
@@ -11,4 +11,4 @@ TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy(633,18): Error: value does not satisfy the subset const
 TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy(633,21): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
 TypeInferenceRefresh.dfy(633,24): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 83 verified, 10 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 84 verified, 10 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy
index fe5f1e5c9f9..24414c7f3f9 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy
@@ -269,3 +269,13 @@ module GreaterRegression {
     var u := s >= s; // error: >= is not for seq
   }
 }
+
+module ArrayInitializer {
+  method TestFunctionInit(n: nat, init: nat -> nat) {
+    var a: array<bool> := new [n](init); // error: array<int> and array<bool> are incompatible
+  }
+
+  method TestDisplayInit(n: nat, init: nat -> nat) {
+    var a: array<bool> := new [n] [23]; // error: array<int> and array<bool> are incompatible
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy.expect
index 05294844e05..98fc6b86e56 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy.expect
@@ -45,4 +45,6 @@ TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy(261,15): Error: type of - must be of a numeric ty
 TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy(262,15): Error: type of - must be of a numeric type, a bitvector type, ORDINAL, char, or a set-like or map-like type (instead got seq<int>)
 TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy(269,15): Error: arguments to >= must be of a numeric type, bitvector type, ORDINAL, char, or a set-like type (instead got seq<int>)
 TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy(268,15): Error: arguments to > must be of a numeric type, bitvector type, ORDINAL, char, or a set-like type (instead got bool)
-44 resolution/type errors detected in TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy
+TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy(275,34): Error: array-allocation initialization expression expected to have type 'nat ~> bool' (instead got 'nat -> nat') (covariant type parameter 'R' would require bool :> nat)
+TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy(279,35): Error: integer literal used as if it had type bool
+46 resolution/type errors detected in TypeInferenceRefreshErrors.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInstantiations.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInstantiations.dfy
index 623ae9c3717..54aad21f2cc 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInstantiations.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInstantiations.dfy
@@ -44,17 +44,17 @@ module M1 refines M0 {
   type K0<W> = List<W>  // error: change in (==)
   type K1<W>  // error: change in (==)
   type L<V(==)> = List<V>  // error: change in (==)
-  type M<U'> = int  // fine, because M<U'> does support equality
-  type N<U'> = List<U'>  // error: N<U'> does not support equality
-  type O<U'(==)> = List<U'>  // error: change in (==)
-  type P<U'> = List<U'>  // fine
+  type M<U> = int  // fine, because M<U> does support equality
+  type N<U> = List<U>  // error: N<U> does not support equality
+  type O<U(==)> = List<U>  // error: change in (==)
+  type P<U> = List<U>  // fine
   class R { }  // error: wrong number of type arguments
-  class S<T> { }  // error: not allowed to rename type parameter (U -> T)
+  class S<T> { }  // error: in refinements, not allowed to rename type parameter (U -> T)
   class T<T> { }  // error: wrong number of type arguments
 
   type TP0<E0>  // error: wrong number of type arguments
   type TP1  // error: wrong number of type arguments
-  type TP2<Y0, E1>  // error: not allowed to rename type parameter (Y1 -> E1)
+  type TP2<Y0, E1>  // error: in refinements, not allowed to rename type parameter (Y1 -> E1)
 }
 
 module ListLibrary {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInstantiations.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInstantiations.dfy.expect
index 76f43160f7e..505d7f7f15a 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInstantiations.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeInstantiations.dfy.expect
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ TypeInstantiations.dfy(42,7): Error: type 'J' is declared with a different numbe
 TypeInstantiations.dfy(44,10): Error: type parameter 'W' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
 TypeInstantiations.dfy(45,10): Error: type parameter 'W' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
 TypeInstantiations.dfy(46,9): Error: type parameter 'V' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
-TypeInstantiations.dfy(49,9): Error: type parameter 'U'' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
+TypeInstantiations.dfy(49,9): Error: type parameter 'U' is not allowed to change the requirement of supporting equality
 TypeInstantiations.dfy(51,8): Error: class 'R' is declared with a different number of type parameters (0 instead of 1) than the corresponding class in the module it refines
 TypeInstantiations.dfy(52,10): Error: type parameters are not allowed to be renamed from the names given in the class in the module being refined (expected 'U', found 'T')
 TypeInstantiations.dfy(53,8): Error: class 'T' is declared with a different number of type parameters (1 instead of 0) than the corresponding class in the module it refines
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeMembers.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeMembers.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a0f83900f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/TypeMembers.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: (0,-1): Error: Feature not supported for this compilation target: The /runAllTests option
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Wellfounded.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Wellfounded.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..158d9484360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/Wellfounded.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>QuantifierExpr</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots0.run.legacy.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots0.run.legacy.dfy.expect
index e1e675464dc..bc7f9c7e992 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots0.run.legacy.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots0.run.legacy.dfy.expect
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-Processing command (at Snapshots0.v0.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id1"} Lit(false);
+Processing command (at Snapshots0.v0.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id2"} Lit(false);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
-Processing call to procedure bar (call) in implementation foo (correctness) (at Snapshots0.v1.dfy(3,6)):
+Processing call to procedure bar (call precondtion) in implementation foo (correctness) (at Snapshots0.v1.dfy(3,6)):
+  >>> added after: a##cached##0 := a##cached##0 && true;
+Processing call to procedure bar (call postcondition) in implementation foo (correctness) (at Snapshots0.v1.dfy(3,6)):
   >>> added axiom: (forall call0old#AT#$Heap: Heap, $Heap: Heap :: {:weight 30} { ##extracted_function##1(call0old#AT#$Heap, $Heap) } ##extracted_function##1(call0old#AT#$Heap, $Heap) == (true && Lit(false) && (forall $o: ref :: { $Heap[$o] } $o != null && $Unbox(read(call0old#AT#$Heap, $o, alloc)): bool ==> $Heap[$o] == call0old#AT#$Heap[$o]) && $HeapSucc(call0old#AT#$Heap, $Heap)))
-  >>> added after: a##cached##0 := a##cached##0 && ##extracted_function##1(call0old#AT#$Heap, $Heap);
-Processing command (at <unknown location>) a##cached##0 := a##cached##0 && ##extracted_function##1(call0old#AT#$Heap, $Heap);
-  >>> AssumeNegationOfAssumptionVariable
-Processing command (at Snapshots0.v1.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id5"} Lit(false);
+  >>> added after: a##cached##1 := a##cached##1 && ##extracted_function##1(call0old#AT#$Heap, $Heap);
+Processing command (at Snapshots0.v1.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id7"} Lit(false);
   >>> MarkAsPartiallyVerified
 Snapshots0.v1.dfy(4,9): Error: assertion might not hold
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots1.run.legacy.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots1.run.legacy.dfy.expect
index a2ef2d3d341..6c278ab5388 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots1.run.legacy.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots1.run.legacy.dfy.expect
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-Processing command (at Snapshots1.v0.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id1"} Lit(false);
+Processing command (at Snapshots1.v0.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id2"} Lit(false);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
-Processing call to procedure N (call) in implementation M (correctness) (at Snapshots1.v1.dfy(3,4)):
+Processing call to procedure N (call postcondition) in implementation M (correctness) (at Snapshots1.v1.dfy(3,4)):
   >>> added after: a##cached##0 := a##cached##0 && false;
-Processing command (at Snapshots1.v1.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id6"} Lit(false);
+Processing command (at Snapshots1.v1.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id8"} Lit(false);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 Snapshots1.v1.dfy(4,9): Error: assertion might not hold
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots2.run.legacy.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots2.run.legacy.dfy.expect
index a9c4bb828b8..401acbc1f66 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots2.run.legacy.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots2.run.legacy.dfy.expect
@@ -1,31 +1,31 @@
-Processing command (at Snapshots2.v0.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id1"} Lit(false);
+Processing command (at Snapshots2.v0.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id2"} Lit(false);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots2.v0.dfy(11,11)) assert {:id "id5"} true;
+Processing command (at Snapshots2.v0.dfy(11,11)) assert {:id "id6"} Lit(true);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots2.v0.dfy(11,15)) assert {:id "id4"} _module.__default.P() <==> _module.__default.Q();
+Processing command (at Snapshots2.v0.dfy(11,15)) assert {:id "id5"} _module.__default.P() <==> _module.__default.Q();
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots2.v0.dfy(14,11)) assert {:id "id8"} true;
+Processing command (at Snapshots2.v0.dfy(14,11)) assert {:id "id9"} Lit(true);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots2.v0.dfy(14,15)) assert {:id "id7"} _module.__default.Q() <==> Lit(_module.__default.R());
+Processing command (at Snapshots2.v0.dfy(14,15)) assert {:id "id8"} _module.__default.Q() <==> Lit(_module.__default.R());
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 0 errors
-Processing call to procedure N (call) in implementation M (correctness) (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(3,4)):
+Processing call to procedure N (call postcondition) in implementation M (correctness) (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(3,4)):
   >>> added after: a##cached##0 := a##cached##0 && false;
 Processing implementation P (well-formedness) (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(10,11)):
   >>> added after assuming the current precondition: a##cached##0 := a##cached##0 && false;
 Processing implementation Q (well-formedness) (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(13,11)):
   >>> added after assuming the current precondition: a##cached##0 := a##cached##0 && false;
-Processing command (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id12"} Lit(false);
+Processing command (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(4,10)) assert {:id "id14"} Lit(false);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 Snapshots2.v1.dfy(4,9): Error: assertion might not hold
-Processing command (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(11,11)) assert {:id "id16"} true;
+Processing command (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(11,11)) assert {:id "id18"} Lit(true);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(11,15)) assert {:id "id15"} _module.__default.P() <==> _module.__default.Q();
+Processing command (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(11,15)) assert {:id "id17"} _module.__default.P() <==> _module.__default.Q();
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(14,11)) assert {:id "id19"} true;
+Processing command (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(14,11)) assert {:id "id21"} Lit(true);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(14,15)) assert {:id "id18"} _module.__default.Q() <==> Lit(_module.__default.R());
+Processing command (at Snapshots2.v1.dfy(14,15)) assert {:id "id20"} _module.__default.Q() <==> Lit(_module.__default.R());
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots5.run.legacy.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots5.run.legacy.dfy.expect
index 5566f116ad4..8a6d82c8b15 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots5.run.legacy.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots5.run.legacy.dfy.expect
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ Snapshots5.v0.dfy(10,12): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier.
 Snapshots5.v0.dfy(13,10): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 Snapshots5.v0.dfy(20,12): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 Snapshots5.v0.dfy(26,11): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
-Processing command (at Snapshots5.v0.dfy(10,40)) assert {:id "id1"} (forall b#1_1: bool :: b#1_1 || !b#1_1) || 0 != 0;
+Processing command (at Snapshots5.v0.dfy(10,40)) assert {:id "id2"} (forall b#1_1: bool :: b#1_1 || !b#1_1) || 0 != 0;
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots5.v0.dfy(13,38)) assert {:id "id3"} (forall b#1: bool :: b#1 || !b#1) || 3 != 3;
+Processing command (at Snapshots5.v0.dfy(13,38)) assert {:id "id5"} (forall b#1: bool :: b#1 || !b#1) || 3 != 3;
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots5.v0.dfy(20,40)) assert {:id "id4"} (forall b#3_1: bool :: b#3_1 || !b#3_1) || 1 != 1;
+Processing command (at Snapshots5.v0.dfy(20,40)) assert {:id "id6"} (forall b#3_1: bool :: b#3_1 || !b#3_1) || 1 != 1;
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
@@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ Snapshots5.v1.dfy(13,10): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier.
 Snapshots5.v1.dfy(20,12): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 Snapshots5.v1.dfy(22,10): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 Snapshots5.v1.dfy(27,11): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
-Processing command (at Snapshots5.v1.dfy(10,40)) assert {:id "id10"} (forall b#1_1: bool :: b#1_1 || !b#1_1) || 0 != 0;
+Processing command (at Snapshots5.v1.dfy(10,40)) assert {:id "id13"} (forall b#1_1: bool :: b#1_1 || !b#1_1) || 0 != 0;
   >>> MarkAsFullyVerified
-Processing command (at Snapshots5.v1.dfy(13,38)) assert {:id "id12"} (forall b#1: bool :: b#1 || !b#1) || 3 != 3;
+Processing command (at Snapshots5.v1.dfy(13,38)) assert {:id "id16"} (forall b#1: bool :: b#1 || !b#1) || 3 != 3;
   >>> MarkAsFullyVerified
-Processing command (at Snapshots5.v1.dfy(20,37)) assert {:id "id13"} (exists b#3_1: bool :: Lit(true)) || 4 != 4;
+Processing command (at Snapshots5.v1.dfy(20,37)) assert {:id "id17"} (exists b#3_1: bool :: Lit(true)) || 4 != 4;
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots5.v1.dfy(22,35)) assert {:id "id14"} (exists b#3: bool :: Lit(true)) || 5 != 5;
+Processing command (at Snapshots5.v1.dfy(22,35)) assert {:id "id18"} (exists b#3: bool :: Lit(true)) || 5 != 5;
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots8.run.legacy.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots8.run.legacy.dfy.expect
index 0b3564e7be2..114c1a89a2e 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots8.run.legacy.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/snapshots/Snapshots8.run.legacy.dfy.expect
@@ -3,40 +3,40 @@ Processing command (at Snapshots8.v0.dfy(2,37)) assert {:id "id0"} x#0 < 20 || L
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 Processing command (at Snapshots8.v0.dfy(3,12)) assert {:id "id1"} x#0 < 10;
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v0.dfy(4,8)) assert {:id "id4$id2$requires"} {:id "id2"} LitInt(0) <= call0formal#AT#y#0;
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v0.dfy(4,8)) assert {:id "id5$id2$requires"} {:id "id2"} LitInt(0) <= call0formal#AT#y#0;
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 Snapshots8.v0.dfy(3,11): Error: assertion might not hold
 Snapshots8.v0.dfy(4,7): Error: a precondition for this call could not be proved
 Snapshots8.v0.dfy(8,13): Related location: this is the precondition that could not be proved
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v0.dfy(13,13)) assert {:id "id8"} LitInt(2) <= z#0;
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v0.dfy(13,13)) assert {:id "id9"} LitInt(2) <= z#0;
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 Snapshots8.v0.dfy(17,9): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Snapshots8.v0.dfy(13,12): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v0.dfy(23,12)) assert {:id "id10"} u#0 != 53;
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v0.dfy(23,12)) assert {:id "id11"} u#0 != 53;
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 Snapshots8.v0.dfy(23,11): Error: assertion might not hold
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v0.dfy(28,10)) assert {:id "id11"} Lit(true);
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v0.dfy(28,10)) assert {:id "id12"} Lit(true);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 4 errors
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(30,17)) assert {:id "id24"} u#0 != 53;
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(30,17)) assert {:id "id26"} u#0 != 53;
   >>> RecycleError
 Snapshots8.v1.dfy(30,16): Error: assertion might not hold
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(3,15)) assert {:id "id12"} x#0 < 20 || LitInt(10) <= x#0;
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(3,15)) assert {:id "id13"} x#0 < 20 || LitInt(10) <= x#0;
   >>> MarkAsFullyVerified
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(5,17)) assert {:id "id13"} x#0 < 10;
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(5,17)) assert {:id "id14"} x#0 < 10;
   >>> RecycleError
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(6,8)) assert {:id "id17$id14$requires"} {:id "id14"} LitInt(0) <= call0formal#AT#y#0;
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(6,8)) assert {:id "id19$id15$requires"} {:id "id15"} LitInt(0) <= call0formal#AT#y#0;
   >>> RecycleError
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(7,12)) assert {:id "id15"} x#0 == LitInt(7);
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(7,12)) assert {:id "id17"} x#0 == LitInt(7);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 Snapshots8.v1.dfy(5,16): Error: assertion might not hold
 Snapshots8.v1.dfy(6,7): Error: a precondition for this call could not be proved
 Snapshots8.v1.dfy(12,20): Related location: this is the precondition that could not be proved
 Snapshots8.v1.dfy(7,11): Error: assertion might not hold
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(23,12)) assert {:id "id23"} Lit(true);
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(23,12)) assert {:id "id25"} Lit(true);
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
-Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(19,13)) assert {:id "id21"} LitInt(2) <= z#0;
+Processing command (at Snapshots8.v1.dfy(19,13)) assert {:id "id23"} LitInt(2) <= z#0;
   >>> DoNothingToAssert
 Snapshots8.v1.dfy(24,9): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Snapshots8.v1.dfy(19,12): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/MoreInduction.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/MoreInduction.dfy.expect
index 638376bfd6c..45df7d21223 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/MoreInduction.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/MoreInduction.dfy.expect
@@ -7,4 +7,4 @@ MoreInduction.dfy(87,10): Related location: this is the postcondition that could
 MoreInduction.dfy(93,0): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 MoreInduction.dfy(92,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 28 verified, 4 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 26 verified, 4 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite-stages.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite-stages.dfy.expect
index 851aaf58286..1981561ca00 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite-stages.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite-stages.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 7 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 10 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy
index 93b09e6e221..640bea35d5a 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver "%s"
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver "%s" -- --performance-stats=1 --bprint=%t.bpl
 
 
 // Rustan Leino
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ ghost predicate ReachableVia(source: Node, older p: Path, sink: Node, S: set<Nod
   case Extend(prefix, n) => n in S && sink in n.children && ReachableVia(source, prefix, n, S)
 }
 
-method SchorrWaite(root: Node, ghost S: set<Node>)
+method {:isolate_assertions} SchorrWaite(root: Node, ghost S: set<Node>)
   requires root in S
   // S is closed under 'children':
   requires forall n :: n in S ==>
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy.expect
index 4b0fec566c0..a51243d4611 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 15 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 272 verified, 0 errors
+Total resources used is 30906777
+Max resources used by VC is 2048364
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9cdf2735095
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny1/SchorrWaite.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 276 verified, 0 errors
+Total resources used is 29059580
+Max resources used by VC is 974212
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/MinWindowMax.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/MinWindowMax.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2f52477d3de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/MinWindowMax.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the type `[DafnyInt]` cannot be indexed by `&DafnyInt`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/SmallestMissingNumber-functional.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/SmallestMissingNumber-functional.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..172ffa95066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/SmallestMissingNumber-functional.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Coercion\ from\ ::std::rc::Rc<super::_module::List<::dafny_runtime::DafnyInt>>\ to\ ::std::rc::Rc<super::_module::List<super::_System::nat>></i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/SmallestMissingNumber-imperative.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/SmallestMissingNumber-imperative.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c17262a423d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/SmallestMissingNumber-imperative.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>ForLoops</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/StoreAndRetrieve.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/StoreAndRetrieve.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/StoreAndRetrieve.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/pq-intrinsic-extrinsic.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/pq-intrinsic-extrinsic.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny2/pq-intrinsic-extrinsic.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny3/Abstemious.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny3/Abstemious.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny3/Abstemious.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny3/CachedContainer.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny3/CachedContainer.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a9c36a1379d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny3/CachedContainer.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `T: Default` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny3/Iter.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny3/Iter.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ca001e7600e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny3/Iter.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Cannot declare local var outside of a statement container: 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/ACL2-extractor.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/ACL2-extractor.dfy.expect
index 023b0990012..b49c1470365 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/ACL2-extractor.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/ACL2-extractor.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 33 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 32 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Ackermann.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Ackermann.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..36fc3c768d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Ackermann.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: arguments to this function are incorrect
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug107.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug107.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3aeb8ed7e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug107.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a DafnyInt) -> DafnyInt: Default` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug108.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug108.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a79815c2f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug108.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitMapBoundedPool</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug116.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug116.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug116.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug140.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug140.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dae9bb332ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug140.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug148.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug148.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug148.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug160.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug160.dfy.expect
index 885e8ba5c59..adf98276d91 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug160.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug160.dfy.expect
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Bug160.dfy(26,18): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+Bug160.dfy(29,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 Bug160.dfy(27,13): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug49.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug49.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c4268a75ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug49.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Expected a buffered value to have been populated because rhs != null
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug60.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug60.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a79815c2f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug60.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitMapBoundedPool</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug68.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug68.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6935e65ddc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Bug68.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `Set<DafnyInt>: DafnyTypeEq` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/ClassRefinement.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/ClassRefinement.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/ClassRefinement.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/ExpandedGuardedness.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/ExpandedGuardedness.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d2c004c65de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/ExpandedGuardedness.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+//CHECK: .*<i>Unsupported: Datatype constructor ML expects 2 arguments, but 3 were provided</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/FlyingRobots.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/FlyingRobots.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0a3c4598790
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/FlyingRobots.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0369]: binary operation `!=` cannot be applied to type `Sequence<Rc<Bot>>`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Leq.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Leq.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a3387c44492
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Leq.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `LazyFieldWrapper<Rc<Nat>>: Clone` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/McCarthy91.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/McCarthy91.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/McCarthy91.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/NatList.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/NatList.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ed0f1773816
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/NatList.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type\ variance\ Co\ not\ supported</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression2.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression2.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression2.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression3.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression3.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..86b007ed165
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression3.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Special field: Floor</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression6.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression6.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2f52477d3de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression6.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the type `[DafnyInt]` cannot be indexed by `&DafnyInt`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression7.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression7.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression7.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression9.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression9.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2aa97fc7205
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/Regression9.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a DafnyInt) -> DafnyChar: Default` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/SoftwareFoundations-Basics.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/SoftwareFoundations-Basics.dfy.expect
index 35e54b59f6f..e7cc92d0e90 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/SoftwareFoundations-Basics.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/SoftwareFoundations-Basics.dfy.expect
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 SoftwareFoundations-Basics.dfy(41,11): Error: assertion might not hold
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 53 verified, 1 error
+Dafny program verifier finished with 52 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/UnionFind.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/UnionFind.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7259f2ea2bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/UnionFind.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0599]: no method named `borrow` found for struct `Rc<Contents>` in the current scope
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/gcd.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/gcd.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/gcd.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue104.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue104.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..158d9484360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue104.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>QuantifierExpr</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue15.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue15.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0fbad1462f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue15.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `foo: Hash` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue195.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue195.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d6c2fd331e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue195.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type name for ORDINAL \(Microsoft_dDafny_dBigOrdinalType\)</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue196.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue196.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..66736e40df8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue196.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>MultiSelectLValue</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue245.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue245.dfy.expect
index 3e75899048f..78d5583cf15 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue245.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue245.dfy.expect
@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ git-issue245.dfy(64,11): Error: the function must provide an equal or more detai
 git-issue245.dfy(68,11): Error: the function must provide an equal or more detailed postcondition than in its parent trait
 git-issue245.dfy(72,11): Error: the function must provide an equal or more detailed postcondition than in its parent trait
 git-issue245.dfy(76,11): Error: the function must provide an equal or more detailed postcondition than in its parent trait
-git-issue245.dfy(84,11): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue245.dfy(86,7): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue245.dfy(85,17): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue245.dfy(88,11): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue245.dfy(90,7): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue245.dfy(89,19): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue245.dfy(92,11): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue245.dfy(94,7): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue245.dfy(93,19): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue245.dfy(96,11): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue245.dfy(98,7): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue245.dfy(97,17): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 
 Dafny program verifier finished with 24 verified, 12 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue4.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue4.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue4.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue76.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue76.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6c32e0626af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue76.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitWiggleWaggleBoundedPool</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue88.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue88.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..66736e40df8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny4/git-issue88.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>MultiSelectLValue</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/Test4.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/Test4.dfy
index 9029c829b2a..65ad94d2de4 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/Test4.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/Test4.dfy
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-// RUN: %baredafny build -t:lib --use-basename-for-filename "%s" --output "%S/test2" > "%t"
-// RUN: %baredafny resolve --use-basename-for-filename "%s"  "%S/test2.doo" >> "%t"
+// RUN: %build -t:lib "%s" --output "%S/test2" > "%t"
+// RUN: ! %resolve "%s"  "%S/test2.doo" >> "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
-// XFAIL: *
 
 // Combining a file with a .doo of itself -- was a crash
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/Test4.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/Test4.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..664e4b49644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/Test4.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
+test2.doo(3,6): Error: Duplicate member name: c
+1 resolution/type errors detected in Test4.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/semanticOptions.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/semanticOptions.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4c7c09ed52c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/semanticOptions.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// RUN: %build -t:lib %s --function-syntax:3 --output=%t3.doo &> %t
+// RUN: %build -t:lib %s --function-syntax:4 --output=%t4.doo &>> %t
+// RUN: %resolve %t3.doo --function-syntax:3 &>> %t
+// RUN: %resolve %t4.doo --function-syntax:3 &>> %t
+// RUN: %resolve %t3.doo --function-syntax:4 &>> %t 
+// RUN: %resolve %t4.doo --function-syntax:4 &>> %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+ 
+predicate Foo() {
+  true
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/semanticOptions.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/semanticOptions.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..802e3000c6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/doofiles/semanticOptions.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/examples/Simple_compiler/Compiler.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/examples/Simple_compiler/Compiler.dfy
index 8fe4e84487d..d542a65ea1b 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/examples/Simple_compiler/Compiler.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/examples/Simple_compiler/Compiler.dfy
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // RUN: cp %S/Simple.g4 %S/csharp/Simple.g4
-// RUN: %translate cs --include-runtime --output:%S/csharp/Compiler.cs "%s"
+// RUN: %translate cs --include-runtime --allow-warnings --output:%S/csharp/Compiler.cs "%s"
 // RUN: dotnet run --project %S/csharp/SimpleCompiler.csproj -- %S/example_input.calc > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
@@ -399,7 +399,7 @@ module {:extern "SimpleCompiler.CSharpUtils"} CSharpUtils {
     static function {:extern}
       StringAsDafnyString(s: String): string
     
-    static method {:extern}
+    static method {:axiom} {:extern}
       DafnyStringAsString(ds: string) returns (s: String)
   }
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exceptions/Exceptions1.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exceptions/Exceptions1.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exceptions/Exceptions1.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exceptions/Exceptions1Expressions.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exceptions/Exceptions1Expressions.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exceptions/Exceptions1Expressions.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/ExportRefinement.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/ExportRefinement.dfy
index 0be60f13bb2..e06cf0a86d5 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/ExportRefinement.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/ExportRefinement.dfy
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 // NONUNIFORM: Multiple testing scenarios (could be split)
-// RUN: %run --print:"%t.dfy" "%s" &> "%t.result"
-// RUN: %build --print-mode Serialization --print:"%t1.dfy" "%t.dfy" &> "%t"
-// RUN: %run --print-mode Serialization --print:"%t2.dfy" "%t1.dfy" &>> "%t"
-// RUN: %diff "%t1.dfy" "%t2.dfy"
+// RUN: %run --print:"%t1.dfy" "%s" &> "%t.result"
+// RUN: %build --print-mode Serialization --print:"%t2.dfy" "%t1.dfy" &> "%t"
+// RUN: %run --print-mode Serialization --print:"%t3.dfy" "%t2.dfy" &>> "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%t2.dfy" "%t3.dfy"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
 abstract module A {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/OpaqueFunctions.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/OpaqueFunctions.dfy.expect
index 2748ea237d8..8c7c7f11ac5 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/OpaqueFunctions.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/OpaqueFunctions.dfy.expect
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-OpaqueFunctions.dfy(16,17): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+OpaqueFunctions.dfy(18,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 OpaqueFunctions.dfy(17,14): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 OpaqueFunctions.dfy(58,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 OpaqueFunctions.dfy(57,16): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/xrefine2.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/xrefine2.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0cba51517cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/exports/xrefine2.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0369]: cannot add `DafnyInt` to `nat`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ghost/Comp.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ghost/Comp.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/ghost/Comp.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1029.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1029.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1029.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1093.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1093.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1093.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1130.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1130.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1130.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1150.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1150.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1150.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1180b.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1180b.dfy.expect
index e7c31658280..531ba00737a 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1180b.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1180b.dfy.expect
@@ -1,40 +1,40 @@
-git-issue-1180b.dfy(28,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-1180b.dfy(28,32): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(12,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(29,40): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(15,18): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-1180b.dfy(34,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-1180b.dfy(34,32): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(12,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(35,40): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(15,18): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-1180b.dfy(40,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-1180b.dfy(40,32): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(12,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(41,40): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(15,18): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-1180b.dfy(46,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-1180b.dfy(46,32): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(12,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(47,40): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(15,18): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-1180b.dfy(56,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-1180b.dfy(56,32): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(12,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(57,40): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(15,18): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-1180b.dfy(63,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-1180b.dfy(63,32): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(12,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(64,40): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(15,18): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-1180b.dfy(83,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-1180b.dfy(83,32): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(75,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(84,40): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(78,18): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-1180b.dfy(103,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-1180b.dfy(103,32): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(95,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(104,40): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(98,18): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-1180b.dfy(123,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-1180b.dfy(123,32): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(115,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(124,40): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(118,18): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-1180b.dfy(143,15): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-1180b.dfy(143,32): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(135,21): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(144,40): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-1180b.dfy(138,18): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1185.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1185.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..023f6254d9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1185.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `_T0: Hash` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1514.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1514.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d2d31cd8d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1514.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Unsupported:\ Cannot\ emit\ literal\ expression\ 0\ outside\ of\ expression\ context:\ Microsoft_dDafny_dCompilers_dBuilderSyntaxTree'1\[Microsoft_dDafny_dCompilers_dStatementContainer]</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1514b.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1514b.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d2d31cd8d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1514b.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Unsupported:\ Cannot\ emit\ literal\ expression\ 0\ outside\ of\ expression\ context:\ Microsoft_dDafny_dCompilers_dBuilderSyntaxTree'1\[Microsoft_dDafny_dCompilers_dStatementContainer]</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1514c.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1514c.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d2d31cd8d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1514c.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Unsupported:\ Cannot\ emit\ literal\ expression\ 0\ outside\ of\ expression\ context:\ Microsoft_dDafny_dCompilers_dBuilderSyntaxTree'1\[Microsoft_dDafny_dCompilers_dStatementContainer]</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1553.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1553.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..feefa7e7f6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1553.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `_R: Default` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1604.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1604.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9aef9ec31ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1604.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Unsupported:\ <i>Cannot\ assign\ null\ value\ to\ variable</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1604b.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1604b.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..158d9484360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1604b.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>QuantifierExpr</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1637.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1637.dfy.expect
index e2f5f60300e..60f35b398d3 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1637.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1637.dfy.expect
@@ -1,3 +1,2 @@
 git-issue-1637.dfy(19,5): Error: incorrect argument type for predicate parameter 'f' (expected Thing -> seq<uint8>, found Thing -> Fii) (covariance for type parameter at index 1 expects seq<uint8> :> Fii)
-git-issue-1637.dfy(19,5): Error: incorrect argument type for predicate parameter 'f' (expected Thing -> seq<uint8>, found Thing -> Fii) (covariance for type parameter at index 1 expects real :> seq<uint8>)
-2 resolution/type errors detected in git-issue-1637.dfy
+1 resolution/type errors detected in git-issue-1637.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1714.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1714.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1714.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1815a.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1815a.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1815a.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1815b.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1815b.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-1815b.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2013.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2013.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2013.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2026.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2026.dfy
index 9c250624fb8..9c6c1ff274d 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2026.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2026.dfy
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ method foo(n: nat) returns (ret: array<string>)
     var i := 0;
     while i < n - 1
         invariant 0 <= i < n
-        invariant forall j :: 0 <= j < i ==> j % 2 == 0 ==> ret[j] == "even"
         invariant forall j :: 0 <= j < i ==> j % 2 == 1 ==> ret[j] == "odd"
+        invariant forall j :: 0 <= j < i ==> j % 2 == 0 ==> ret[j] == "even"
     {
         if i % 2 == 0 {
             ret[i] := "odd";
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2026.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2026.dfy.expect
index cad8bc15090..83094f7432c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2026.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2026.dfy.expect
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-git-issue-2026.dfy(18,18): Error: this invariant could not be proved to be maintained by the loop
+git-issue-2026.dfy(19,18): Error: this invariant could not be proved to be maintained by the loop
  Related message: loop invariant violation
  Related counterexample:
  WARNING: the following counterexample may be inconsistent or invalid. See dafny.org/dafny/DafnyRef/DafnyRef#sec-counterexamples
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2103.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2103.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2b5a27013a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2103.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type variance Co not supported</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2510.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2510.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ed0f1773816
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2510.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type\ variance\ Co\ not\ supported</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-258.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-258.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3d586af71fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-258.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0061]: this function takes 1 argument but 0 arguments were supplied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2581.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2581.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bdbb19a602c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2581.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0369]: binary operation `==` cannot be applied to type `Sequence<_T>`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-261.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-261.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-261.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-262.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-262.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0cba51517cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-262.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0369]: cannot add `DafnyInt` to `nat`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2672.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2672.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a7107d30768
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2672.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error: `_` cannot be a raw identifier
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2792.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2792.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c6d479b2997
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2792.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Static\ functions\ with\ type\ arguments</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-283.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-283.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-283.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2959.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2959.dfy
index bce0d4ff9b8..e5cf712259c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2959.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2959.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 3 %baredafny build --show-snippets:false --use-basename-for-filename --enforce-determinism "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: ! %baredafny resolve --show-snippets:false --use-basename-for-filename --enforce-determinism "%s" > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
 method NondetIf() returns (x: int) {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2959.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2959.dfy.expect
index d02e6eada6c..c0df67e0608 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2959.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-2959.dfy.expect
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-
-Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
 git-issue-2959.dfy(5,2): Error: nondeterministic if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
 git-issue-2959.dfy(13,7): Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option
-Translation was aborted because errors were found
+2 resolution/type errors detected in git-issue-2959.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3059.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3059.dfy
index 6471c3acb04..7452e805da9 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3059.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3059.dfy
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ ghost function ReplaceInSeq0_Rejects(s: seq0): seq0
 {
   var s' := s[0 := 1];
   assert s'[0] != 0;
-  s'
+  s' // error: s' does not satisfy subset-type constraint
 }
 
 ghost function ReplaceInSeq0_Accepts(s: seq0): seq<int>
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ type map0 = m: map<int, int> | forall k <- m :: m[k] == 0
 ghost function AddInMap0_Rejects(m: map0): map0
   ensures false
 {
-  m[0 := 1]
+  m[0 := 1] // error: s' does not satisfy subset-type constraint
 }
 
 ghost function AddInMap0_Accepts(m: map0): map<int, int>
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ method AddInMap0_Proxy_Rejects() returns (r: map0)
 {
   var m; // The type of m is to be inferred, but that won't happen until
          // after type inference has processed the assignment to r.
-  r := m[1 := 7];
+  r := m[1 := 7]; // error: s' does not satisfy subset-type constraint
   // To trigger the unsoundness, the verifier needs to be reminded that
   // r is a variable of type map0. That is done by the following little
   // trick:
@@ -57,3 +57,20 @@ method AddInMap0_Proxy_Accepts() returns (r: map<int, int>)
   // trick:
   ghost var u := RecoverType<map<int, int>>(r);
 }
+
+type multiset2 = s: multiset<int> | forall n <- s :: s[n] == 2 // everything in the multiset has multiplicity 2
+
+ghost function ReplaceInMultiset2_Rejects(s: multiset2): multiset2
+  ensures false
+{
+  var s' := s[0 := 1];
+  assert s'[0] != 2;
+  s' // error: s' does not satisfy subset-type constraint
+}
+
+ghost function ReplaceInMultiset2_Accepts(s: multiset2): multiset<int>
+{
+  var s' := s[0 := 1];
+  assert s'[0] != 0;
+  s'
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3059.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3059.dfy.expect
index 90a9984aca4..dd5ff5579b5 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3059.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3059.dfy.expect
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 git-issue-3059.dfy(12,2): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'seq0'
 git-issue-3059.dfy(28,3): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'map0'
 git-issue-3059.dfy(43,8): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'map0'
+git-issue-3059.dfy(68,2): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'multiset2'
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 3 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 5 verified, 4 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy
index 3cf6aadecaa..cfe2b2b62d0 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 2 %verify "%s" > "%t"
-// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=2 --refresh-exit-code=4 "%s"
+
 
 method h(n: nat) {
-  var a: array<nat> := new [n](i => i); // OK - i is nat, RHS is array<nat>
+  var a: array<nat> := new [n](i => i); // OK, element type inferred as "nat" (in legacy resolver, i is nat, which gives gives RHS as nat)
 }
 
 method k(n: nat) {
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ method p(n: nat) {
 
 method q(n: nat) {
   var init: int -> int := i => i;
-  var a: array<nat> := new [n](init); // ERROR
+  var a: array<nat> := new [n](init); // ERROR with legacy resolver, which inferred RHS element type as "int"; new resolver infers "nat", so no error
   var b: array<nat> := new nat[n](init); // OK
+  var c: array<nat> := new int[n](init); // ERROR (resolver error for old resolver; verifier error for new resolver)
 }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy.expect
index 468e123b7c1..2e2ca8b6826 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 git-issue-321.dfy(19,20): Error: type array<int> is not assignable to LHS (of type array<nat>) (nonvariance for type parameter expects nat = int)
-1 resolution/type errors detected in git-issue-321.dfy
+git-issue-321.dfy(21,20): Error: type array<int> is not assignable to LHS (of type array<nat>) (nonvariance for type parameter expects nat = int)
+2 resolution/type errors detected in git-issue-321.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d60b8878aa8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-321.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+git-issue-321.dfy(21,23): Error: value of expression (of type 'array<int>') is not known to be an instance of type 'array<nat>'
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3243.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3243.dfy.expect
index af2dfcb39ae..20eaabef906 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3243.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3243.dfy.expect
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-git-issue-3243.dfy(19,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+git-issue-3243.dfy(19,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
 git-issue-3243.dfy(10,16): Error: this loop invariant could not be proved on entry
  Related message: loop invariant violation
 git-issue-3243.dfy(21,16): Error: this loop invariant could not be proved on entry
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-332.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-332.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-332.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3320.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3320.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..df24629f2b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3320.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s"
+
+datatype Dt = A | B(b: set<nat>)
+
+function SetComprehension(s: seq<Dt>): set<nat> {
+  set i, b | 0 <= i < |s| && s[i].B? && b in s[i].b && 1 != 2 :: b
+}
+
+function MapComprehension(s: seq<Dt>): map<int, int> {
+  map i, b | 0 <= i < |s| && s[i].B? && b in s[i].b && 1 != 2 :: b := b
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  var s := [A, B({0})];
+  print SetComprehension(s), "\n";
+  print MapComprehension(s), "\n";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3320.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3320.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..036b7385b5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3320.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+{0}
+map[0 := 0]
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3320.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3320.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b2ef1d91c39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3320.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+CHECK: error: expected identifier, found `<`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3461.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3461.dfy.expect
index 72379bc71f5..a0eb81388b9 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3461.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3461.dfy.expect
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ git-issue-3461.dfy(11,0): Error: a class cannot be declared 'opaque'
 git-issue-3461.dfy(12,0): Error: a datatype or codatatype cannot be declared 'opaque'
 git-issue-3461.dfy(13,0): Error: a newtype cannot be declared 'opaque'
 git-issue-3461.dfy(14,0): Error: a subset type cannot be declared 'opaque'
-git-issue-3461.dfy(17,2): Warning: opaque is deprecated as an identifier. It will soon become a reserved word. Use a different name.
-git-issue-3461.dfy(17,2): Error: missing semicolon at end of statement
+git-issue-3461.dfy(17,9): Error: lbrace expected
 git-issue-3461.dfy(18,0): Error: this symbol not expected in VarDeclStatement
 7 parse errors detected in git-issue-3461.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3513/git-issue-3513.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3513/git-issue-3513.dfy
index b5445ebd542..fc1638088bf 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3513/git-issue-3513.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3513/git-issue-3513.dfy
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 2 %baredafny resolve --show-snippets:false --use-basename-for-filename --allow-warnings "%s" > "%t"
-// RUN: %exits-with 2 %baredafny resolve --show-snippets:false --use-basename-for-filename --allow-warnings --library:"%S/src/A.dfy" "%s" >> "%t"
-// RUN: %baredafny resolve --show-snippets:false --use-basename-for-filename --allow-warnings --library:"%S/src/A.dfy,%S/src/sub/B.dfy" "%s" >> "%t"
-// RUN: %baredafny resolve --show-snippets:false --use-basename-for-filename --allow-warnings --library:"%S/src/A.dfy , %S/src/sub/B.dfy" "%s" >> "%t"
-// RUN: %baredafny resolve --show-snippets:false --use-basename-for-filename --allow-warnings --library:"%S/src" "%s" >> "%t"
+// RUN: %exits-with 2 %resolve --allow-warnings "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %exits-with 2 %resolve --allow-warnings --library:"%S/src/A.dfy" "%s" >> "%t"
+// RUN: %resolve --allow-warnings --library:"%S/src/A.dfy,%S/src/sub/B.dfy" "%s" >> "%t"
+// RUN: %resolve --allow-warnings --library:"%S/src/A.dfy , %S/src/sub/B.dfy" "%s" >> "%t"
+// RUN: %resolve --allow-warnings --library:"%S/src" "%s" >> "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
 module M {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3513/git-issue-3513.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3513/git-issue-3513.dfy.expect
index dddcfe2fca2..14179a1b9ac 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3513/git-issue-3513.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3513/git-issue-3513.dfy.expect
@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
 git-issue-3513.dfy(9,9): Error: module A does not exist
 1 resolution/type errors detected in git-issue-3513.dfy
-CLI: Warning: The file 'A.dfy' was passed to --library. Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used
 A.dfy(4,9): Error: module B does not exist
 1 resolution/type errors detected in git-issue-3513.dfy
-CLI: Warning: The file 'B.dfy' was passed to --library. Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used
 
 Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
-CLI: Warning: The file 'B.dfy' was passed to --library. Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used
 
 Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
-CLI: Warning: The file 'B.dfy' was passed to --library. Verification for that file might have used options incompatible with the current ones, or might have been skipped entirely. Use a .doo file to enable Dafny to check that compatible options were used
 
 Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-354.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-354.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b50001a6c91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-354.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Static\ fields\ with\ type\ arguments</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-356.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-356.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d6c2fd331e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-356.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type name for ORDINAL \(Microsoft_dDafny_dBigOrdinalType\)</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-364.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-364.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-364.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3734.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3734.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3734.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-374.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-374.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-374.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3804b.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3804b.dfy.expect
index 04076ef15b3..4f107c71bec 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3804b.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3804b.dfy.expect
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-git-issue-3804b.dfy(14,9): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-3804b.dfy(18,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-3804b.dfy(16,12): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-3804b.dfy(23,9): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+git-issue-3804b.dfy(27,2): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 git-issue-3804b.dfy(25,12): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 git-issue-3804b.dfy(40,20): Error: assertion might not hold
 git-issue-3804b.dfy(48,21): Error: assertion might not hold
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3855.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3855.dfy
index ae5046374ba..d1bc619d003 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3855.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3855.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 4 %baredafny verify --show-snippets:false --allow-axioms --allow-deprecation --use-basename-for-filename "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %baredafny verify --show-snippets:false --allow-axioms --allow-deprecation --use-basename-for-filename "%s" > "%t".raw
+// RUN: %sed 's/after \d+ seconds/after <redacted> seconds/' %t.raw > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 // Nearly verbatim copy of the text case given in the issue
 //SIMULADA 
@@ -466,8 +467,6 @@ assert heapExternalsZeroOrOneEdges(xedges);
       o.fields := o.fields[f := t];   ///who designed this fucking syntax?
 
       assert ObjectsAreValid({o});
-
-      assert edges(objects) == old( edges(objects) ) + {Edge(o,f,t)};
           
       var zedges := edges(objects);  //or could hand in if necessary?
       var zisos := justTheIsos(objects);
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3855.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3855.dfy.expect
index 7ea9364805f..e7965e56414 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3855.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3855.dfy.expect
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-git-issue-3855.dfy(800,0): Warning: attribute :ignore is deprecated
-git-issue-3855.dfy(800,11): Error: Verification of 'Memory.dynMove' timed out after 1 seconds
-git-issue-3855.dfy(943,17): Error: a precondition for this call could not be proved
-git-issue-3855.dfy(429,29): Related location: this is the precondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-3855.dfy(943,17): Error: a precondition for this call could not be proved
-git-issue-3855.dfy(433,36): Related location: this is the precondition that could not be proved
-git-issue-3855.dfy(1336,20): Error: a precondition for this call could not be proved
-git-issue-3855.dfy(433,36): Related location: this is the precondition that could not be proved
+git-issue-3855.dfy(799,0): Warning: attribute :ignore is deprecated
+git-issue-3855.dfy(799,11): Error: Verification of 'Memory.dynMove' timed out after <redacted> seconds
+git-issue-3855.dfy(942,17): Error: a precondition for this call could not be proved
+git-issue-3855.dfy(430,29): Related location: this is the precondition that could not be proved
+git-issue-3855.dfy(942,17): Error: a precondition for this call could not be proved
+git-issue-3855.dfy(434,36): Related location: this is the precondition that could not be proved
+git-issue-3855.dfy(1335,20): Error: a precondition for this call could not be proved
+git-issue-3855.dfy(434,36): Related location: this is the precondition that could not be proved
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 101 verified, 3 errors, 1 time out
+Dafny program verifier finished with 99 verified, 3 errors, 1 time out
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy
index a5b424ee52e..df3753fe200 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ method Main() {
   print WoahThat'sDeepToo(AA("i", "ii", "iii", "iv", "v", "vi", "vii", "viii", "ix", "x"), "555"), "\n";
   print "Recur: ", recur.Follow0(A, 12, 80), "\n"; // 116 (that is, 80 + 12*(2 + 1)
   print "Recur: ", recur.Follow1(A, 12, 80), "\n"; // 116 (that is, 80 + 12*(2 + 1)
+  var w := DeepAssignment(25);
+  print w, "\n"; // 25
+  MatchExpressions.Test();
 }
 
 method NotOptimized(s: string) returns (r: int) {
@@ -163,3 +166,128 @@ datatype Option<+T> = None | Some(value: T) {
     value
   }
 }
+
+method DeepAssignment(x: int) returns (r: int) {
+  r :=
+    var x0 := x;
+    var x1 := x0;
+    var x2 := x1;
+    var x3 := x2;
+    var x4 := x3;
+    var x5 := x4;
+    var x6 := x5;
+    var x7 := x6;
+    if x0 == x7 then
+      var y0 := x;
+      var y1 := y0;
+      y1
+    else
+      var y2 := x;
+      var y3 := y2;
+      y3;
+  return r;
+}
+
+module MatchExpressions {
+  datatype Color = Red | Green | Blue
+  datatype AB = A | B
+  datatype ABC = AA | BB | CC
+
+  method Test() {
+    M(Green);
+    N(Red);
+    var r := O(Blue, 10);
+    print r, "\n"; // 12
+    P(7, 2);
+    label L: {
+      var abc := 0;
+      break L;
+    }
+    print TailRecursive(A, 19), " ", AutoAccumulator(A, 19), "\n"; // 6 25
+    print LastCaseIsDisjunctive(BB), "\n"; // 22
+    print F(A, 12, 80), "\n"; // 80
+    print "It's done\n";
+  }
+
+  method M(c: Color) {
+    var x := match c
+      case Red => 5
+      case Green => 7
+      case Blue => 11;
+    print x, "\n"; // 5
+  }
+
+  method N(c: Color)
+    requires c == Red
+  {
+    var x := match c
+      case Red => 5;
+    print x, "\n"; // 5
+  }
+
+  method O(c: Color, y: int) returns (r: int)
+    requires 0 <= y
+  {
+    if y < 0 {
+      // unreachable
+      var x: int := match c;
+    }
+    r := 12;
+  }
+
+  method P(s: int, t: int)
+    requires t == 0 || t == 2
+  {
+    var x: int := match s
+      case 0 => 100
+      case 2 => 200
+      case _ => 400;
+    var y: int := match t
+      case 0 => 60
+      case 2 => 80;
+    if t == 1 {
+      // unreachable
+      var z: int := match s + t;
+    }
+    print x, " ", y, "\n"; // 400 80
+  }
+
+  function TailRecursive(o: AB, n: nat): int {
+    if n == 0 then 6 else
+      match o
+      case A | B => TailRecursive(o, n - 1)
+  }
+
+  function AutoAccumulator(o: AB, n: nat): int {
+    if n == 0 then 6 else
+      match o
+      case A | B => AutoAccumulator(o, n - 1) + 1
+  }
+
+  function LastCaseIsDisjunctive(o: ABC): int {
+    match o
+    case CC =>
+      777
+    case AA | BB =>
+      22
+  }
+
+  function F(o: AB, n: nat, m: int): int
+  {
+    if n == 0 then
+      m
+    else if n == 1 then
+      var ff := () => match o { // for Java, make sure o is copied
+        case A => 20
+        case B => 999
+      };
+      var s := ff();
+      F(o, n - 1, m)
+    else
+      var u := match o {
+        case A => 20
+        case B => 999
+      };
+      F(o, n - 1, m)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy.expect
index 71f58061f67..883c085d988 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy.expect
@@ -4,3 +4,12 @@ Option.Some(['4', '2'])
 Option.Some(['x'])
 Recur: 116
 Recur: 116
+25
+7
+5
+12
+400 80
+6 25
+22
+80
+It's done
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ed0f1773816
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type\ variance\ Co\ not\ supported</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868b.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868b.dfy
index 7d58d9ce524..69b0295513c 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868b.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3868b.dfy
@@ -51,3 +51,27 @@ datatype Option<+T> = None | Some(value: T) {
     value
   }
 }
+
+// The following method includes an assignment whose RHS is a deeply nested expression.
+// We optimize such assignments, too. By including this test here, we make sure the Java
+// we generate doesn't contain any occurrences of "Let(".
+method DeepAssignment(x: int) returns (r: int) {
+  r :=
+    var x0 := x;
+    var x1 := x0;
+    var x2 := x1;
+    var x3 := x2;
+    var x4 := x3;
+    var x5 := x4;
+    var x6 := x5;
+    var x7 := x6;
+    if x0 == x7 then
+      var y0 := x;
+      var y1 := y0;
+      y1
+    else
+      var y2 := x;
+      var y3 := y2;
+      y3;
+  return r;
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3873.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3873.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2a79815c2f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3873.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitMapBoundedPool</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3883.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3883.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3883.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3956.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3956.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b684d0589e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3956.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `DafnyChar: Default` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3962.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3962.dfy.expect
index 4cec2d6e258..76775842353 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3962.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3962.dfy.expect
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ git-issue-3962.dfy(18,4): Info: ==
 git-issue-3962.dfy(20,4): Info: ==
 git-issue-3962.dfy(22,4): Info: ==
 git-issue-3962.dfy(24,4): Info: ==
+git-issue-3962.dfy(4,7): Info: <_T0(==)>
 git-issue-3962.dfy(20,16): Error: the calculation step between the previous line and this line could not be proved
 git-issue-3962.dfy(24,17): Error: the calculation step between the previous line and this line could not be proved
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3978.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3978.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c17262a423d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3978.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>ForLoops</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3987.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3987.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c17262a423d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-3987.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>ForLoops</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4007.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4007.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c17262a423d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4007.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>ForLoops</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4012.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4012.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a6f8bf72073
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4012.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitIndexCollectionUpdate for multiset<\(\)></i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4141.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4141.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b0832adda14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4141.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `RefCell<Vec<bool>>: Hash` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4152.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4152.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d6c2fd331e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4152.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Type name for ORDINAL \(Microsoft_dDafny_dBigOrdinalType\)</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4188.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4188.dfy.expect
index 00a51f822da..ba00363fc08 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4188.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4188.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 4 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4233.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4233.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b4eb808140
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4233.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0369]: cannot divide `Rc<num_rational::Ratio<BigInt>>` by `Rc<num_rational::Ratio<BigInt>>`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4309.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4309.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4309.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4449.dfy.cs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4449.dfy.cs.check
index 2d923e3bc6e..a8dfdf5ec16 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4449.dfy.cs.check
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4449.dfy.cs.check
@@ -1 +1 @@
-CHECK: Errors compiling program into .*
\ No newline at end of file
+CHECK: Failed to compile C# source code .*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4449.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4449.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4449.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-446a.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-446a.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-446a.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4684.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4684.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4ae03f4c481
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4684.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s"
+
+class C {
+  var data: nat
+  var next: C?
+
+  constructor (n: nat) {
+    data := n;
+    if n == 0 {
+      next := null;
+    } else {
+      next := new C(n - 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  function FWithoutTailRecursion(n: nat, g: () ~> int): int
+    requires g.requires()
+    reads *
+  {
+    if n == 0 || next == null then
+      g()
+    else
+      var h := () reads this => this.data;
+      var r := next.FWithoutTailRecursion(n - 1, if n < 20 then g else h);
+      r
+  }
+
+  function F(n: nat, g: () ~> int): int
+    requires g.requires()
+    reads *
+  {
+    if n == 0 || next == null then
+      g()
+    else
+      var h := () reads this => this.data;
+      next.F(n - 1, if n < 20 then g else h)
+  }
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  var c := new C(25);
+  print c.FWithoutTailRecursion(25, () => -1), "\n"; // 20
+  print c.F(25, () => -1), "\n"; // 20
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4684.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4684.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b611ed20cf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4684.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+20
+20
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4684.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4684.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8f800076642
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4684.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+CHECK: error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4939c.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4939c.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-4939c.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5017b.dfy.refresh.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5017b.dfy.refresh.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0e903fbdd61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5017b.dfy.refresh.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(31,14): Error: fully defined predicate 'Valid' is inherited from trait 'B' and is not allowed to be re-declared
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(34,21): Error: fully defined predicate 'Valid' is inherited from trait 'B' and is not allowed to be re-declared
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(34,21): Error: static lemma 'reveal_Valid' is inherited from trait 'B' and is not allowed to be re-declared
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(38,14): Error: overridden predicate 'Valid' in 'M0' must be 'opaque' since the member is 'opaque' in trait 'C'
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(44,14): Error: overridden predicate 'Valid' in 'M2' must be 'opaque' since the member is 'opaque' in trait 'C'
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(66,14): Error: overridden predicate 'Valid' in 'Y0' must be 'opaque' since the member is 'opaque' in trait 'C'
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(69,14): Error: overridden predicate 'Valid' in 'Y1' must be 'opaque' since the member is 'opaque' in trait 'C'
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(94,13): Error: predicate 'Valid' cannot be revealed, because it has no body in trait 'A'
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(132,11): Error: unresolved identifier: x
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(133,13): Error: member 'UnknownFunction' does not exist in trait 'A'
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(134,13): Error: member 'UnknownFunction' does not exist in trait 'A'
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(135,13): Error: only functions and constants can be revealed
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(136,13): Error: only functions and constants can be revealed
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(140,13): Error: predicate 'Valid' cannot be revealed, because it has no body in trait 'A'
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(141,13): Error: predicate 'Valid' cannot be revealed, because it has no body in trait 'A'
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(117,13): Error: unresolved identifier: UnknownFunction
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(118,13): Error: unresolved identifier: UnknownFunction
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(119,13): Error: only functions and constants can be revealed
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(120,13): Error: only functions and constants can be revealed
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(124,13): Error: cannot reveal 'Valid' because no revealable constant, function, assert label, or requires label in the current scope is named 'Valid'
+git-issue-5017b.dfy(125,13): Error: cannot reveal 'Valid' because no revealable constant, function, assert label, or requires label in the current scope is named 'Valid'
+21 resolution/type errors detected in git-issue-5017b.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-506.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-506.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..66736e40df8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-506.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>MultiSelectLValue</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5065.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5065.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..efeb4f10e7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5065.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0107]: method takes 0 generic arguments but 1 generic argument was supplied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5092.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5092.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5092.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5283.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5283.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..980aea74c5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5283.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s"
+
+/* Obtained from
+https://pkg.go.dev/std
+by running on the console
+copy([...document.querySelectorAll(
+    "td > div.UnitDirectories-pathCell > div > span, "+
+    "td > div.UnitDirectories-pathCell > div > a")]
+    .map(e => "module " + e.textContent + " {}").join("\n"))
+*/
+module archive {}
+module bufio {}
+module builtin {}
+module bytes {}
+module cmp {}
+module compress {}
+module container {}
+module context {}
+module crypto {}
+module database {}
+module debug {}
+module embed {}
+module encoding {}
+module errors {}
+module expvar {}
+module flag {}
+module fmt {}
+module go {}
+module hash {}
+module html {}
+module image {}
+module index {}
+module internal {}
+module io {}
+module log {}
+module maps {}
+module math {}
+module mime {}
+module net {}
+module os {}
+module path {}
+module plugin {}
+module reflect {}
+module regexp {}
+module runtime {}
+module slices {}
+module sort {}
+module strconv {}
+module strings {}
+module sync {}
+module syscall {}
+module testing {}
+module text {}
+module time {}
+module unicode {}
+module unsafe {}
+
+method Main(){
+    print "done\n";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5283.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5283.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..19f86f493ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5283.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+done
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5285.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5285.dfy
index 905e63e3dab..1c8afbdf542 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5285.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5285.dfy
@@ -16,5 +16,7 @@ const someMap :=
 
 method Main() {
   print someSet, "\n";
-  print someMap, "\n";
+  // Avoid non-determinism in map printing
+  print someMap - {2}, "\n";
+  print someMap - {1}, "\n";
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5285.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5285.dfy.expect
index c7b79cf39a3..66be4a9c325 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5285.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5285.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 {'D'}
-map[1 := 1, 2 := 4]
+map[1 := 1]
+map[2 := 4]
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-532.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-532.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-532.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5331.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5331.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c3d29769fdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5331.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// RUN: %baredafny verify %args --type-system-refresh "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+trait Ins {
+    function step(s:State):State //requires safe?(s)
+}
+type Code = seq<Ins>
+datatype State = S(
+    clock:nat
+) {
+    function fetch_():Ins
+    const fetch := fetch_()
+    const step := fetch.step(this)
+    function run():State decreases clock {
+        if clock == 0 then this else step.(clock := clock - 1).run()
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5331.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5331.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ebe2328e072
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5331.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5365.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5365.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..75c3bd0997a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5365.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// RUN: %baredafny verify %args --type-system-refresh "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype S  = S(
+    n:nat
+) {
+    function f():S { this }
+    function g():S { this.(n := 0).f() }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5365.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5365.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..823a60a105c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5365.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5369.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5369.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f21887b8a19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5369.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 2 %baredafny verify %args --type-system-refresh "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+ghost function f2(items: set<nat>): (r:nat)
+  requires |items| > 0 {
+    var item :| item in items;
+    item
+}
+
+function f(items: set<nat>) : (r:nat)
+requires |items| > 0 {
+    //assume exists item :: item in items && forall other <- items :: item == other || item < other;
+    //assert exists item Smallest()
+    var item :| IsSmallest(items, item);
+    item
+}
+
+predicate IsSmallest(s: set<nat>, item: nat) 
+  requires item in s {
+  m in s && forall y: nat :: y in s ==> m <= y
+}
+
+lemma Smallest(s: set<nat>) returns (m: nat)
+  requires s != {}
+  ensures m in s && IsSmallest(s, m)
+  decreases s
+{
+  m :| m in s;
+  if y: nat :| y in s && y < m {
+    ghost var s' := s - {m};
+    assert y in s';
+    m := ThereIsASmallest(s');
+  }
+}
+
+function smallest(items: set<nat>): (r: nat)
+  requires |items| > 0
+
+method m(items: set<nat>) returns (r:nat)
+requires |items| > 0 {
+    var item :| item in items;
+    return item;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5369.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5369.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c4144a73574
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5369.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+git-issue-5369.dfy(20,2): Error: expression is not allowed to invoke a method (m)
+git-issue-5369.dfy(20,40): Error: expression is not allowed to invoke a method (m)
+git-issue-5369.dfy(32,9): Error: unresolved identifier: ThereIsASmallest
+3 resolution/type errors detected in git-issue-5369.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5469.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5469.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f55fe494d52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5469.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s"
+
+module SomeDependencyModule {
+  datatype None = None
+}
+
+module SomeModule {
+  import SomeDependencyModule
+
+  const test := SomeDependencyModule.None
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  print SomeModule.test, "\n";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5469.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5469.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2954079eab2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5469.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+SomeDependencyModule.None.None
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-549.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-549.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-549.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5520.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5520.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4dfe5c0982e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5520.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=4 "%s"
+
+module SubsetTypeSubsetType {
+  type Empty = x: int | false witness *
+
+  method OperateOnEmpty(x: Empty)
+    ensures false
+  {
+  }
+
+  type PurportsToBeNonempty = x: Empty | true
+    witness 506 // error: this is not a witness
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: PurportsToBeNonempty := *;
+    OperateOnEmpty(x);
+    print 10 / 0;
+  }
+}
+
+module SubsetTypeNewtype {
+  type Empty = x: int | false witness *
+
+  newtype PurportsToBeNonempty = x: Empty | true
+    witness 506 // error: this is not a witness
+
+  method OperateOnEmpty(x: PurportsToBeNonempty)
+    ensures false
+  {
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: PurportsToBeNonempty := *;
+    OperateOnEmpty(x);
+    print 10 / 0;
+  }
+}
+
+module NewtypeSubsetType {
+  type Empty = x: int | false witness *
+
+  method OperateOnEmpty(x: Empty)
+    ensures false
+  {
+  }
+
+  type PurportsToBeNonempty = x: Empty | true
+    witness 506 // error: this is not a witness
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: PurportsToBeNonempty := *;
+    OperateOnEmpty(x);
+    print 10 / 0;
+  }
+}
+
+module NewtypeNewtype {
+  type Empty = x: int | false witness *
+
+  newtype PurportsToBeNonempty = x: Empty | true
+    witness 506 // error: this is not a witness
+
+  method OperateOnEmpty(x: PurportsToBeNonempty)
+    ensures false
+  {
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: PurportsToBeNonempty := *;
+    OperateOnEmpty(x);
+    print 10 / 0;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5520.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5520.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4d932b10f8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5520.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+git-issue-5520.dfy(12,12): Error: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'Empty'
+git-issue-5520.dfy(25,12): Error: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'Empty'
+git-issue-5520.dfy(48,12): Error: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'Empty'
+git-issue-5520.dfy(61,12): Error: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'Empty'
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 8 verified, 4 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5521.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5521.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..514b6470ac3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5521.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=4 "%s"
+
+module WithoutWitnessClause {
+  type Empty = x: int | false witness *
+
+  newtype NewEmpty = Empty // error: the default-witness 0 is not a witness
+
+  method OperateOnNewEmpty(x: NewEmpty)
+    ensures false
+  {
+    var y: Empty := x as Empty;
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: NewEmpty := *;
+    OperateOnNewEmpty(x);
+    print 10 / 0;
+  }
+}
+
+module WithWitnessClause {
+  type Empty = x: int | false witness *
+
+  newtype NewEmpty = Empty witness 506 // error: 506 is not a witness
+
+  method OperateOnNewEmpty(x: NewEmpty)
+    ensures false
+  {
+    var y: Empty := x as Empty;
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: NewEmpty := *;
+    OperateOnNewEmpty(x);
+    print 10 / 0;
+  }
+}
+
+module WithGhostWitnessClause {
+  type Empty = x: int | false witness *
+
+  newtype NewEmpty = Empty ghost witness 506 // error: 506 is not a ghost witness
+
+  method OperateOnNewEmpty(x: NewEmpty)
+    ensures false
+  {
+    var y: Empty := x as Empty;
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: NewEmpty := *;
+    OperateOnNewEmpty(x); // error: x is used before it has really been initialized
+    print 10 / 0;
+  }
+}
+
+module DeclaredAsPossiblyEmpty {
+  type Empty = x: int | false witness *
+
+  newtype NewEmpty = Empty witness *
+
+  method OperateOnNewEmpty(x: NewEmpty)
+    ensures false
+  {
+    var y: Empty := x as Empty;
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var x: NewEmpty := *;
+    OperateOnNewEmpty(x); // error: x is used before it has really been initialized
+    print 10 / 0;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5521.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5521.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..38696de0ef1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5521.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+git-issue-5521.dfy(6,10): Error: trying witness 0: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'Empty'
+git-issue-5521.dfy(24,35): Error: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'Empty'
+git-issue-5521.dfy(42,41): Error: result of operation might violate subset type constraint for 'Empty'
+git-issue-5521.dfy(52,22): Error: variable 'x', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+git-issue-5521.dfy(70,22): Error: variable 'x', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 6 verified, 5 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5523.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5523.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d1512f7b9b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5523.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s"
+
+function Loop(xs: seq<()>): ()
+{
+  if |xs| == 0
+  then ()
+  else
+    var _: bool -> bool := e => e;
+    Loop(xs[1..])
+}
+
+method Main(){
+    print Loop([(), ()]), "\n";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5523.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5523.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6a452c185a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5523.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+()
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5523.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5523.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1bbaea9d839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5523.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0631]: type mismatch in closure arguments
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5570.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5570.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0d48531a014
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5570.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// RUN: %verify --type-system-refresh --general-traits=datatype "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module Class {
+  trait Parent { }
+
+  class Record extends Parent {}
+
+  function Pick(b: bool, r: Record, d: Parent): Parent {
+    if b then r else d
+  }
+
+  method Select(b: bool, r: Record, d: Parent) returns (p: Parent) {
+    p := if b then r else d;
+  }
+}
+
+module Datatype {
+  trait Parent { }
+
+  datatype Record extends Parent = Record
+
+  function Pick(b: bool, r: Record, d: Parent): Parent {
+    if b then r else d
+  }
+
+  method Select(b: bool, r: Record, d: Parent) returns (p: Parent) {
+    p := if b then r else d;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5570.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5570.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ebe2328e072
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5570.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5572.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5572.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e73be31b7f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5572.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s"
+
+datatype D = A(int) | C(int) {
+  function Test(): D {
+    match this{
+      case A(_) | C(_) =>
+        this
+    }
+  }
+}
+method Main() {
+  var x := C(0).Test();
+  print "ok";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5572.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5572.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b5754e20373
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5572.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ok
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5586.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5586.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6b8feebbe4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5586.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --type-system-refresh "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+
+trait Trait { }
+
+class Class extends Trait { }
+
+predicate P(t: Trait) {
+  t is Class // this is the related location of the error below
+}
+
+method M(u: Trait) {
+  assert P(u); // error
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5586.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5586.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4f50ec8af07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5586.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+git-issue-5586.dfy(14,9): Error: assertion might not hold
+git-issue-5586.dfy(10,4): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5597.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5597.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..52ae2d329a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5597.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s"
+
+// Note, these tests seem to be specific to the old type system. With the new type system,
+// assignments that, in some way, involve a conversion from Number to Integer require an
+// explicit "as" type conversion.
+
+method Main() {
+  var n: set<Number> := {};
+  var s: set<Integer>;
+  s := DoItWithAssignment(n);
+  print |s|, " ";
+  s := DoItWithPlainLet(n);
+  print |s|, " ";
+  s := DoItWithOptimizedLet(n);
+  print |s|, " ";
+  s := DoItViaFunctionBodyResult(n);
+  print |s|, "\n";
+}
+
+trait Number {
+  const value: int
+}
+
+class Integer extends Number {
+  constructor(value: int) {
+    this.value := value;
+  }
+}
+
+method DoItWithAssignment(numbers: set<Number>) returns (integers00: set<Integer>)
+  requires |numbers| == 0
+{
+  integers00 := numbers;
+}
+
+function DoItWithPlainLet(numbers: set<Number>): set<Integer>
+  requires |numbers| == 0
+{
+  {} +
+  var integers11: set<Integer> := numbers;
+  integers11
+}
+
+function DoItWithOptimizedLet(numbers: set<Number>): set<Integer>
+  requires |numbers| == 0
+{
+  var integers22: set<Integer> := numbers;
+  integers22
+}
+
+function DoItViaFunctionBodyResult(numbers: set<Number>): set<Integer>
+  requires |numbers| == 0
+{
+  numbers
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5597.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5597.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6a20ce40185
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5597.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+0 0 0 0
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5637.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5637.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..20f766e2cbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5637.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// RUN: %translate cs --include-test-runner --allow-warnings %s > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5637.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5637.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b9c7e092eb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5637.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+git-issue-5637.dfy(1,0): Warning: File contains no code
+  |
+1 | // RUN: %translate cs --include-test-runner --allow-warnings %s > "%t"
+  | ^
+
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5642.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5642.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..55b40c2bbab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5642.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s"
+
+class Cl {
+  const c: bool
+  constructor(c: bool) {
+    this.c := c;
+    this.c := c;
+  }
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  var cl := new Cl(false);
+  print cl.c, "\n";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5642.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5642.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c508d5366f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5642.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+false
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5643.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5643.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4046c77c914
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5643.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s"
+
+datatype D = A | B
+
+const c := set d: D | true :: d
+
+datatype {:rust_rc false} E = F | G
+
+const h := set e: E | true :: e
+
+method Main() {
+  print |c|, |h|, "\n";
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5643.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5643.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2bd5a0a98a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5643.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+22
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5644.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5644.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5be7c59ea24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5644.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// NONUNIFORM: Testing robustness of Dafny/Rust backends wrt set comprehension
+// RUN: %baredafny -noVerify -compileTarget:rs -compile:0 -functionSyntax:3 -spillTargetCode:3 "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+module Spoo {
+
+  newtype uint8 = x: int | 0 <= x < 0x100
+  newtype uint16 = x: int | 0 <= x < 0x10000
+  function method UInt16ToSeq(x: uint16): (ret: seq<uint8>)
+    ensures |ret| == 2
+    ensures 0x100 * ret[0] as uint16 + ret[1] as uint16 == x
+  {
+    var b0 := (x / 0x100) as uint8;
+    var b1 := (x % 0x100) as uint8;
+    [b0, b1]
+  }
+
+  method {:test} TestSetToOrderedSequenceManyItems() {
+    var a := set x:uint16 | 0 <= x < 0xFFFF :: UInt16ToSeq(x);
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5644.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5644.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..39be9965f21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5644.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Warning: this way of using the CLI is deprecated. Use 'dafny --help' to see help for the new Dafny CLI format
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
+Wrote textual form of target program to git-issue-5644-rust/src/git_issue_5644.rs
+Additional output written to git-issue-5644-rust/src/git-issue-5644-rs.dtr
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5647.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5647.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cb86f223c2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5647.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler "%s"
+
+// Verify shadowing
+
+function {:tailrecursion} GetSum(
+  a_b': nat,
+  ac_c: string)
+  : string
+{
+  if a_b' == 0 then
+    ac_c
+  else
+    var j := a_b';
+    var a_b' := if a_b' % 2 == 0 then "1" else "0";
+    GetSum(j - 1, ac_c + a_b')
+}
+
+function GetSumAuto(x: nat, y: nat): nat
+  decreases y - x
+{
+  if x >= y then y else
+  1 + GetSumAuto(x + 1, y)
+}
+
+method Main() {
+  print GetSum(10, ""), "\n";
+  print GetSumAuto(0, 5);
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5647.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5647.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..739a8f781f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5647.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+1010101010
+10
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5719.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5719.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..efbd8a4ea15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5719.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// RUN: %verify --type-system-refresh --general-traits=datatype "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+trait G {}
+
+trait Thing<A, G1 extends G> {
+  function Get(): (a: A)
+    ensures P(a)
+
+  predicate P(a: A) {
+    Q(a)
+  }
+
+  predicate Q(a: A) 
+}
+
+datatype D extends G = Dd
+
+method TestD<A>(thing: Thing<A, D>) {
+  var a := thing.Get();
+  // assert thing.P(a); // this assertion was once needed to prove the next line
+  assert thing.Q(a);
+}
+
+class E extends G { }
+
+method TestE<A>(thing: Thing<A, E>) {
+  var a := thing.Get();
+  // assert thing.P(a); // this assertion was once needed to prove the next line
+  assert thing.Q(a);
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5719.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5719.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..00a51f822da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5719.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726a.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726a.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..98a36be86a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726a.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 2 %verify --type-system-refresh --general-traits=datatype "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+// Type errors from Issue 5726 (see also git-issue-5726b.dfy)
+
+module Example0 {
+  trait G {
+    const Three := 3
+    const Six := Three + Three
+  }
+
+  class E extends G { }
+
+  method DoIt<G1 extends G>(g1: G1) {
+    var g := g1 as G;
+    print g.Six, "\n";
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    DoIt<E?>(null); // error: E? does not extend G
+  }
+}
+
+module Example3 {
+  trait G {
+    const Three := 3
+    const Six := Three + Three
+  }
+
+  class E extends G { }
+
+  trait Thing<G1 extends G> {
+    function GetG(): (g: G1)
+
+    method PrintGSix() {
+      var g1 := GetG();
+      var g := g1 as G;
+      print g.Six, "\n";
+    }
+  }
+
+  class MyThing extends Thing<E?> { // error: E? does not extend G
+    function GetG(): (g: E?) {
+      null
+    }
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    var thing := new MyThing;
+    thing.PrintGSix();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726a.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726a.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..21de5995035
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726a.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+git-issue-5726a.dfy(20,12): Error: type parameter ('G1') passed to method 'DoIt' must meet type bound 'G' (got 'E?')
+git-issue-5726a.dfy(42,24): Error: type parameter ('G1') passed to type 'Thing' must meet type bound 'G' (got 'E?')
+2 resolution/type errors detected in git-issue-5726a.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726b.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726b.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7b8ee51f565
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726b.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --type-system-refresh --general-traits=datatype "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+// Verification errors from Issue 5726 (see also git-issue-5726a.dfy)
+
+module Example1 {
+  trait G extends object {
+    const Three := 3
+    const Six := Three + Three
+  }
+
+  class E extends G { }
+
+  method DoIt<G1 extends G?>(g1: G1) {
+    var g := g1 as G; // error: g1 is a G?, but it might not be a G (because it might be null)
+    print g.Six, "\n";
+  }
+
+  method CheckIt0<G1 extends G?>(g1: G1) {
+    assert g1 is G?;
+  }
+
+  method CheckIt1<G1 extends G?>(g1: G1) {
+    assert g1 is G; // error: g1 is a G?, but it might not be a G (because it might be null)
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    DoIt<E?>(null);
+  }
+}
+
+module Example2 {
+  trait G extends object {
+    const Three := 3
+    const Six := Three + Three
+  }
+
+  class E extends G { }
+
+  method DoIt<G1 extends G?>(g1: G1) {
+    var g := g1 as G?;
+    print g.Six, "\n"; // error: this is trying to deference a G?, but it is not known whether or not g is null
+  }
+
+  method Test() {
+    DoIt<E?>(null);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726b.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726b.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..44b86369d63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-5726b.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+git-issue-5726b.dfy(15,16): Error: value of expression (of type 'G1') is not known to be an instance of type 'G'
+git-issue-5726b.dfy(24,14): Error: assertion might not hold
+git-issue-5726b.dfy(42,12): Error: target object might be null
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 3 verified, 3 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-588.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-588.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-588.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-604.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-604.dfy.expect
index 7df9f25f13d..ad597f20f64 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-604.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-604.dfy.expect
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-git-issue-604.dfy(6,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: x)
+git-issue-604.dfy(6,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: x)
 git-issue-604.dfy(8,11): Error: assertion might not hold
 git-issue-604.dfy(20,11): Error: assertion might not hold
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-610.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-610.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-610.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-674.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-674.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-674.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..158d9484360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>QuantifierExpr</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697b.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697b.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9aef9ec31ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697b.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Unsupported:\ <i>Cannot\ assign\ null\ value\ to\ variable</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697d.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697d.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..158d9484360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697d.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>QuantifierExpr</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697e.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697e.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..158d9484360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697e.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>QuantifierExpr</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697f.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697f.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..05679bb3674
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697f.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `EvenCell: num_traits::sign::Signed` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697g.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697g.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1132949004e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697g.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Cannot\ assign\ null\ value\ to\ variable</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697j.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697j.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..45270a849b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697j.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*Unsupported: <i>Cannot assign null value to variable</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697k.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697k.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-697k.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-698.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-698.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..158d9484360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-698.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>QuantifierExpr</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-698b.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-698b.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..158d9484360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-698b.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>QuantifierExpr</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-701.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-701.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-701.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-731.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-731.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-731.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-731b.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-731b.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f12da961eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-731b.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Traits</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-817.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-817.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7ba64d0e832
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-817.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Coercion</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-817a.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-817a.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f67d57ed044
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-817a.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0599]: no method named `borrow_mut` found for struct `DafnyInt` in the current scope
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-847.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-847.dfy
index d3c916daadb..4419ae4d101 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-847.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-847.dfy
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // RUN: %exits-with 2 %verify "%s" > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
-trait O {
+trait O extends object {
   var rep:set<O>
   ghost function union<T>(s:set<set<T>>):set<T> {
     set o,o1 | o in s && o1 in o :: o1
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-851.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-851.dfy
index 8b39f2c8e4c..e0e95b42670 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-851.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-851.dfy
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ module ExampleB {
   export
     provides Test
 
-  trait D {
+  trait D extends object {
     lemma False()
       ensures false
   }
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ module OtherBindersInStatements {
     lemma False()
       ensures false
   }
-  trait C {
+  trait C extends object {
     lemma False()
       ensures false
   }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-859.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-859.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-859.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-953.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-953.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/git-issue-953.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-2928.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-2928.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-2928.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3766-a.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3766-a.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..50ba523378e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3766-a.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0369]: binary operation `==` cannot be applied to type `Sequence<Rc<Tree>>`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3766-b.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3766-b.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..50ba523378e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3766-b.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0369]: binary operation `==` cannot be applied to type `Sequence<Rc<Tree>>`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3766-c.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3766-c.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..50ba523378e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3766-c.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0369]: binary operation `==` cannot be applied to type `Sequence<Rc<Tree>>`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3871.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3871.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..86f268872b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3871.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `RefCell<Vec<DafnyInt>>: Hash` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3874.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3874.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ddab6a3cd43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/git-issues/github-issue-3874.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>EmitIndexCollectionUpdate for multiset<bool></i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/DafnyModule1/DafnyModule1.go b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/DafnyModule1/DafnyModule1.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..36d7533ca2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/DafnyModule1/DafnyModule1.go
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Package DafnyModule1
+// Dafny module DafnyModule1 compiled into Go
+
+package DafnyModule1
+
+import (
+	os "os"
+
+	_System "github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo/System_"
+	_dafny "github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo/dafny"
+)
+
+var _ = os.Args
+var _ _dafny.Dummy__
+var _ _System.Dummy__
+
+type Dummy__ struct{}
+
+// Definition of class Default__
+type Default__ struct {
+	dummy byte
+}
+
+func New_Default___() *Default__ {
+	_this := Default__{}
+
+	return &_this
+}
+
+type CompanionStruct_Default___ struct {
+}
+
+var Companion_Default___ = CompanionStruct_Default___{}
+
+func (_this *Default__) Equals(other *Default__) bool {
+	return _this == other
+}
+
+func (_this *Default__) EqualsGeneric(x interface{}) bool {
+	other, ok := x.(*Default__)
+	return ok && _this.Equals(other)
+}
+
+func (*Default__) String() string {
+	return "DafnyModule1.Default__"
+}
+func (_this *Default__) ParentTraits_() []*_dafny.TraitID {
+	return [](*_dafny.TraitID){}
+}
+
+var _ _dafny.TraitOffspring = &Default__{}
+
+func (_static *CompanionStruct_Default___) HelloWorld() {
+	_dafny.Print(_dafny.UnicodeSeqOfUtf8Bytes("Hello World").VerbatimString(false))
+}
+
+// End of class Default__
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/go.mod b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/go.mod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f30079ec90f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/go.mod
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module GoModule1
+
+go 1.21
+
+require github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo v0.0.0-20231204230030-1d44519b5706
+
+replace github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo v0.0.0-20231204230030-1d44519b5706 => ../DafnyRuntimeGo
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/go.sum b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/go.sum
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e69de29bb2d
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/test.go b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fb0a412a301
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DafnyModule1/test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Dafny program helloworld.dfy compiled into Go
+package helloworld
+
+import (
+	DafnyModule1 "GoModule1/DafnyModule1"
+	os "os"
+
+	_System "github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo/System_"
+	_dafny "github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo/dafny"
+)
+
+var _ = os.Args
+var _ _dafny.Dummy__
+var _ _System.Dummy__
+var _ DafnyModule1.Dummy__
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b95ecb1d1b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// RUN: %baredafny translate go  --go-module-name=GoModule2 --library="%S/test.doo" --translation-record "%S/test-go.dtr" --output "%S/test3" "%s"
+// RUN: %cp -rf "%S/go.mod" "%S/test3-go/go.mod"
+// RUN: %cp -rf "%S/go.sum" "%S/test3-go/go.sum"
+// RUN: %cp -rf "%S/../../../../../../../../../DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod" "%S"
+// RUN: %cp -rf "%S/DafnyModule1" "%S/test3-go/"
+// RUN: go run -C %S/test3-go/ test3.go > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+module DafnyModule3 {
+import DafnyModule1
+
+method Main() {
+        DafnyModule1.HelloWorld();
+}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e1c309dae7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello World
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..75e0ff227c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// This file is used to regenerate PythonModule1.doo
+// RUN: echo 'lit should ignore this file' 
+
+module DafnyModule1 {
+  method HelloWorld()
+  {
+    print "Hello World";
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/go.mod b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/go.mod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..165af73f139
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/go.mod
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+module GoModule2
+
+go 1.21
+
+require github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo v0.0.0-20231204230030-1d44519b5706
+        
+require GoModule1 v0.0.0
+
+replace github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo v0.0.0-20231204230030-1d44519b5706 => ../DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod
+
+replace GoModule1 v0.0.0 => ./DafnyModule1
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/go.sum b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/go.sum
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e69de29bb2d
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/test-go.dtr b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/test-go.dtr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d9d364ca0a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/test-go.dtr
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+file_format_version = "1.0"
+dafny_version = "4.8.0.0"
+[options_by_module.DafnyModule1]
+go-module-name = "GoModule1"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/test.doo b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/test.doo
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..507fc7e0335
Binary files /dev/null and b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/multimodule/test.doo differ
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/go.mod b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/go.mod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..feb8522cff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/go.mod
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module GoModule1
+
+go 1.21
+
+require github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo v0.0.0-20231204230030-1d44519b5706
+
+replace github.com/dafny-lang/DafnyRuntimeGo v0.0.0-20231204230030-1d44519b5706 => ../DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/go.sum b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/go.sum
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e69de29bb2d
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..07344c82f78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// RUN: %baredafny translate go  --go-module-name=GoModule1 "%s" --output "%S/test"
+// RUN: %cp -rf "%S/go.mod" "%S/test-go/go.mod"
+// RUN: %cp -rf "%S/go.sum" "%S/test-go/go.sum"
+// RUN: %cp -rf "%S/../../../../../../../../../../DafnyRuntime/DafnyRuntimeGo-gomod" "%S"
+// RUN: go run -C %S/test-go/ test.go > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+module DafnyModule1 {
+
+    method Main() {
+        print "Hello World";
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e1c309dae7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/gomodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello World
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/ArrowTypeOptimizations.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/ArrowTypeOptimizations.dfy.expect
index a7d4037754a..a360a1d34af 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/ArrowTypeOptimizations.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/ArrowTypeOptimizations.dfy.expect
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ ArrowTypeOptimizations.dfy(10,2): Error: function precondition could not be prov
 ArrowTypeOptimizations.dfy(10,2): Error: insufficient reads clause to invoke function
 ArrowTypeOptimizations.dfy(16,2): Error: function precondition could not be proved
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 17 verified, 3 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 10 verified, 3 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/Compilation.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/Compilation.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3aeb8ed7e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/Compilation.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a DafnyInt) -> DafnyInt: Default` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/Fold.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/Fold.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e8341277b48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/Fold.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `dyn for<'a, 'b> Fn(&'a Rc<Expr>, &'b Rc<Expr>) -> Rc<Expr>: Default` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/Renaming.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/Renaming.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1bbaea9d839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/Renaming.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0631]: type mismatch in closure arguments
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/TreeMapSimple.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/TreeMapSimple.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d3aeb8ed7e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/TreeMapSimple.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0277]: the trait bound `dyn for<'a> Fn(&'a DafnyInt) -> DafnyInt: Default` is not satisfied
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/VectorUpdate.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/VectorUpdate.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6199c112309
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/VectorUpdate.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>NonSequentializableForallStatements</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/WhileLoop.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/WhileLoop.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/hofs/WhileLoop.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/lambdas/MatrixAssoc.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/lambdas/MatrixAssoc.dfy.expect
index caca1722291..36b67dbf599 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/lambdas/MatrixAssoc.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/lambdas/MatrixAssoc.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 47 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 46 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/JsonLogger.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/JsonLogger.dfy
index 30b324a028a..9aada7e7404 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/JsonLogger.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/JsonLogger.dfy
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 // Also test old CLI
 // RUN: %exits-with 4 %baredafny /compile:0 /verificationLogger:json /vcsSplitOnEveryAssert "%s" >> "%t"
 // RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%t" "%s"
-// CHECK: vcNum.:1,.outcome.:.Valid.*vcNum.:3,.outcome.:.Invalid
-// CHECK: vcNum.:1,.outcome.:.Valid.*vcNum.:3,.outcome.:.Invalid
+// CHECK: vcNum.:1,.outcome.:.Valid.*vcNum.:2,.outcome.:.Invalid
+// CHECK: vcNum.:1,.outcome.:.Valid.*vcNum.:2,.outcome.:.Invalid
 method M(x: int, y: int)
   requires y > 0
   requires x > 0
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy
index 97359697131..43a9d2428cc 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy
@@ -437,6 +437,7 @@ method {:testEntry} DontWarnAboutVacuousAssertFalse(x: int) {
 
 class C {
   var x: int
+  constructor() {}
 }
 
 function {:testEntry} GetX(c: C): int
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_combined.html.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_combined.html.expect
index 16096f0920b..d62764dd7ab 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_combined.html.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_combined.html.expect
@@ -454,17 +454,18 @@ method {:testEntry} DontWarnAboutVacuousAssertFalse(x: int) {
 
 class C {
   var x: int
+  constructor() {}
 }
 
 function {:testEntry} GetX(c: C): int
   reads c
 {
-  </span><span class="pc" id="445:3">c.x
-</span><span class="na" id="446:1">}
+  </span><span class="pc" id="446:3">c.x
+</span><span class="na" id="447:1">}
 
 method {:testEntry} DontWarnAboutUnusedAssumeTrue(x: int) {
-  assume </span><span class="pc" id="449:10">t</span><span class="na" id="449:11">rue;
-  assert 1 + x </span><span class="fc" id="450:16">=</span><span class="na" id="450:17">= x + 1;
+  assume </span><span class="pc" id="450:10">t</span><span class="na" id="450:11">rue;
+  assert 1 + x </span><span class="fc" id="451:16">=</span><span class="na" id="451:17">= x + 1;
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_combined_limited.html.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_combined_limited.html.expect
index 10bf59ea072..1709907f977 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_combined_limited.html.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_combined_limited.html.expect
@@ -454,16 +454,17 @@ method {:testEntry} ObviouslyUnreachableMatchStatementCaseMethod(t: T) returns (
 
 </span><span class="na" id="438:1">class C {
   var x: int
+  constructor() {}
 }
 
 function {:testEntry} GetX(c: C): int
   reads c
 {
-  </span><span class="nc" id="445:3">c.</span><span class="na" id="445:5">x
+  </span><span class="nc" id="446:3">c.</span><span class="na" id="446:5">x
 }
 
 method {:testEntry} DontWarnAboutUnusedAssumeTrue(x: int) {
-  assume </span><span class="nc" id="449:10">t</span><span class="na" id="449:11">rue;
+  assume </span><span class="nc" id="450:10">t</span><span class="na" id="450:11">rue;
   assert 1 + x == x + 1;
 }
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_tests_expected.html.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_tests_expected.html.expect
index 34830695408..a953198340b 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_tests_expected.html.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_tests_expected.html.expect
@@ -454,12 +454,13 @@ method {:testEntry} CalcStatementWithSideConditions(x: int) {
 
 </span><span class="na" id="438:1">class C {
   var x: int
+  constructor() {}
 }
 
-</span><span class="fc" id="442:1">function {:testEntry} GetX(c: C): int
-</span><span class="na" id="443:1">  reads c
+</span><span class="fc" id="443:1">function {:testEntry} GetX(c: C): int
+</span><span class="na" id="444:1">  reads c
 {
-</span><span class="fc" id="445:1">  c.x
+</span><span class="fc" id="446:1">  c.x
 }
 
 method {:testEntry} DontWarnAboutUnusedAssumeTrue(x: int) {
@@ -467,7 +468,7 @@ method {:testEntry} DontWarnAboutUnusedAssumeTrue(x: int) {
   assert 1 + x == x + 1;
 }
 
-</span><span class="na" id="453:1">}
+</span><span class="na" id="454:1">}
 
 </span></pre>
 <div class="footer">
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_verification.html.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_verification.html.expect
index af02650fdbd..190aaf70aed 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_verification.html.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencies.dfy_verification.html.expect
@@ -454,17 +454,18 @@ method {:testEntry} DontWarnAboutVacuousAssertFalse(x: int) {
 
 class C {
   var x: int
+  constructor() {}
 }
 
 function {:testEntry} GetX(c: C): int
   reads c
 {
-  </span><span class="nc" id="445:3">c.</span><span class="pc" id="445:5">x
-</span><span class="na" id="446:1">}
+  </span><span class="nc" id="446:3">c.</span><span class="pc" id="446:5">x
+</span><span class="na" id="447:1">}
 
 method {:testEntry} DontWarnAboutUnusedAssumeTrue(x: int) {
-  assume </span><span class="nc" id="449:10">t</span><span class="na" id="449:11">rue;
-  assert 1 + x </span><span class="fc" id="450:16">=</span><span class="na" id="450:17">= x + 1;
+  assume </span><span class="nc" id="450:10">t</span><span class="na" id="450:11">rue;
+  assert 1 + x </span><span class="fc" id="451:16">=</span><span class="na" id="451:17">= x + 1;
 }
 
 }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencyLogging.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencyLogging.dfy
index c85ea5d9b9b..1c2dbb7fde8 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencyLogging.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/logger/ProofDependencyLogging.dfy
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 // CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(250,11\)-\(250,17\): ensures clause
 // CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(252,7\)-\(252,7\): let expression binding
 // CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(252,12\)-\(252,16\): let expression binding RHS well-formed
-// CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(254,3\)-\(254,3\): let expression result
+// CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(254,3\)-\(254,3\): function call result
 //
 // CHECK: Results for M.ObviouslyUnconstrainedCodeMethod \(correctness\)
 // CHECK:     Proof dependencies:
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
 // CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(373,1\)-\(380,1\): function definition for ObviouslyUnreachableIfExpressionBranchFunc
 // CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(374,12\)-\(374,16\): requires clause
 // CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(375,11\)-\(375,15\): ensures clause
-// CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(379,8\)-\(379,12\): if expression else branch
+// CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(379,8\)-\(379,12\): function call result
 //
 // CHECK: Results for M.ObviouslyUnreachableIfStatementBranchMethod \(correctness\)
 // CHECK:     Proof dependencies:
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
 // CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(395,1\)-\(403,1\): function definition for ObviouslyUnreachableMatchExpressionCaseFunction
 // CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(396,12\)-\(396,17\): requires clause
 // CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(397,11\)-\(397,15\): ensures clause
-// CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(401,15\)-\(401,15\): match expression branch result
+// CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(401,15\)-\(401,15\): function call result
 //
 // CHECK: Results for M.ObviouslyUnreachableMatchStatementCaseMethod \(correctness\)
 // CHECK:     Proof dependencies:
@@ -172,6 +172,6 @@
 //
 // CHECK: Results for M.GetX \(well-formedness\)
 // CHECK:     Proof dependencies:
-// CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(445,5\)-\(445,5\): target object is never null
+// CHECK:       ProofDependencies.dfy\(446,5\)-\(446,5\): target object is never null
 
 include "ProofDependencies.dfy"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/ConsistentWhenSupported.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/ConsistentWhenSupported.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..94cce2fbf30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/ConsistentWhenSupported.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Iterators</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/InconsistentCompilerBehavior.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/InconsistentCompilerBehavior.dfy
index b7d4f29734a..d0a9d5c6332 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/InconsistentCompilerBehavior.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/InconsistentCompilerBehavior.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-// RUN: ! %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s" > "%t"
+// Note we specify the set of compilers to test explicitly since we're looking at the actual output,
+// and otherwise using DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ONLY_COMPILERS breaks this test.
+
+// RUN: ! %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 --compilers cs,java,go,js,cpp,dfy,py,rs "%s" > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.testdafny.expect" "%t"
 
 // A %testdafny test case expected to fail, since the given
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/InconsistentCompilerBehavior.dfy.testdafny.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/InconsistentCompilerBehavior.dfy.testdafny.expect
index 2bd757b6262..7e24d9e430a 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/InconsistentCompilerBehavior.dfy.testdafny.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/InconsistentCompilerBehavior.dfy.testdafny.expect
@@ -50,4 +50,5 @@ Diff (changing expected into actual):
 +0
  
 
+(non-blocking) The Rust code generator is internal. Not having a '*.rs.check' file is acceptable for now.
 Executing on ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny...
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/OutputEncoding.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/OutputEncoding.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/OutputEncoding.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy
index 75feb08efcf..bda4fbd421e 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
-// RUN: ! %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s" -- --allow-warnings > "%t"
+// Note we specify the set of compilers to test explicitly since we're looking at the actual output,
+// and otherwise using DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ONLY_COMPILERS breaks this test.
+
+// RUN: ! %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 --compilers cs,java,go,js,cpp,dfy,py,rs "%s" -- --allow-warnings > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.testdafny.expect" "%t"
 
 method Main() {
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy.testdafny.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy.testdafny.expect
index ce5735dda4c..a881545e3bb 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy.testdafny.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy.testdafny.expect
@@ -50,4 +50,5 @@ Diff (changing expected into actual):
 +hello
  
 
+(non-blocking) The Rust code generator is internal. Not having a '*.rs.check' file is acceptable for now.
 Executing on ResolvedDesugaredExecutableDafny...
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy.verifier.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy.verifier.expect
index 2d8130bc485..14b278fe2ec 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy.verifier.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/metatests/TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy.verifier.expect
@@ -1 +1 @@
-TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy(6,5): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
+TestBeyondVerifierExpect.dfy(9,5): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/OrPatterns.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/OrPatterns.dfy
index 8a4b0f8b75f..ab52479f90f 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/OrPatterns.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/OrPatterns.dfy
@@ -123,6 +123,30 @@ method Main() {
   var b6 := F2(A);
   var b7 := F2(B);
   expect 1 == b0 == b1 == b2 == b3 == b4 == b5 == b6 == b7;
+
+  MoreOrTests.Test();
   
   print "OK\n";
 }
+
+module MoreOrTests {
+  datatype Dt = A | B | C | D | E | F | G
+
+  method Test() {
+    M(A);
+    M(B);
+    M(C);
+    M(D);
+    M(E);
+    M(F);
+    M(G);
+  }
+
+  method M(d: Dt) {
+    match d
+    case A | B => print "AB\n";
+    case C => print "C\n";
+    case D | E => print "DE\n";
+    case F | G => print "FG\n";
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/OrPatterns.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/OrPatterns.dfy.expect
index d86bac9de59..225f08e4fcb 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/OrPatterns.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/OrPatterns.dfy.expect
@@ -1 +1,8 @@
+AB
+AB
+C
+DE
+DE
+FG
+FG
 OK
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/PatternMatching.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/PatternMatching.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..172ffa95066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/PatternMatching.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Coercion\ from\ ::std::rc::Rc<super::_module::List<::dafny_runtime::DafnyInt>>\ to\ ::std::rc::Rc<super::_module::List<super::_System::nat>></i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/constructorInsteadOfTuple.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/constructorInsteadOfTuple.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2193c829843
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/constructorInsteadOfTuple.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// RUN: ! %resolve "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype Expr =
+    | Const(value: int)
+    | Var(name: string)
+    | Add(left: Expr, right: Expr)
+    | Mult(left: Expr, right: Expr)
+
+function Optimize(expr: Expr): Expr
+{
+    match expr
+        case Const(value) => Const(value)
+        case Var(name) => Var(name)
+        case Add(left, right) =>
+            match (Optimize(left), Optimize(right))
+                case (Const(lv), Const(rv)) => Const(lv + rv)
+                case (Const(0), rv) => rv
+                case (lv, Const(0)) => lv
+                case (lv, rv) => Add(lv, rv)
+                case Mult(left, right) =>
+                    match (Optimize(left), Optimize(right))
+                        case (Const(lv), Const(rv)) => Const(lv * rv)
+                        case (Const(0), _) => Const(0)
+                        case (_, Const(0)) => Const(0)
+                        case (Const(1), rv) => rv
+                        case (lv, Const(1)) => lv
+                        case (lv, rv) => Mult(lv, rv)
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/constructorInsteadOfTuple.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/constructorInsteadOfTuple.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4c346e0489a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/constructorInsteadOfTuple.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+constructorInsteadOfTuple.dfy(21,21): Error: found constructor Mult but expected a 2-tuple
+1 resolution/type errors detected in constructorInsteadOfTuple.dfy
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/nested.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/nested.dfy.expect
index d49ac978b0c..29233716c2b 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/nested.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/patterns/nested.dfy.expect
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-nested.dfy(8,6): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
+nested.dfy(8,6): Warning: this forall statement has no body
 nested.dfy(8,6): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 nested.dfy(16,11): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 nested.dfy(8,28): Error: match has no cases and this is only allowed when the verifier can prove the match is unreachable
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/printing/Inputs/included.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/printing/Inputs/included.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..844a5f2234b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/printing/Inputs/included.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+method Foo() {
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ModulePrint.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/printing/ModulePrint.dfy
similarity index 73%
rename from Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ModulePrint.dfy
rename to Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/printing/ModulePrint.dfy
index 1fa8255bd14..b0d5a64a1d7 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/dafny0/ModulePrint.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/printing/ModulePrint.dfy
@@ -2,9 +2,15 @@
 // RUN: %resolve --print "%t.dfy" "%s" > "%t"
 // RUN: %resolve --print-mode Serialization --print:"%t1.dfy" "%t.dfy" >> "%t"
 // RUN: %run --print-mode Serialization --print:"%t2.dfy" "%t1.dfy" >> "%t"
+// RUN: %resolve --print-mode NoGhostOrIncludes --print:"%t3.dfy" %s >> "%t"
+// RUN: %resolve --print-mode NoIncludes --print:"%t4.dfy" %s >> "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%t1.dfy" "%t2.dfy" >> "%t"
+// RUN: ! %diff "%t.dfy" "%t3.dfy" >> "%t"
+// RUN: ! %diff "%t.dfy" "%t4.dfy" >> "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
+include "./Inputs/included.dfy"
+
 abstract module S {
   class C {
     var f: int
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/printing/ModulePrint.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/printing/ModulePrint.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..20a4b7452ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/printing/ModulePrint.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 0 errors
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
+
+Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
+AssertEqualWithDiff() Failure
+Diff (changing expected into actual):
+ // ModulePrint.dfy
+ 
+ method Main()
+ {
+   var c := new T.C();
+   c.m();
+ }
+ 
+-method Foo()
+-{
+-}
+-
+ abstract module S {
+   class C {
+     var f: int
+     ghost var g: int
+     var h: int
+ 
+     method m()
+       modifies this
+   }
+ }
+ 
+ module T refines S {
+   class C ... {
+     ghost var h: int
+     ghost var j: int
+     var k: int
+ 
+     constructor ()
+     {
+     }
+ 
+     method m()
+-      ensures h == h
+-      ensures j == j
+     {
+-      assert k == k;
++      
+     }
+   }
+ }
+ 
+AssertEqualWithDiff() Failure
+Diff (changing expected into actual):
+ // ModulePrint.dfy
+ 
+ method Main()
+ {
+   var c := new T.C();
+   c.m();
+ }
+ 
+-method Foo()
+-{
+-}
+-
+ abstract module S {
+   class C {
+     var f: int
+     ghost var g: int
+     var h: int
+ 
+     method m()
+       modifies this
+   }
+ }
+ 
+ module T refines S {
+   class C ... {
+     ghost var h: int
+     ghost var j: int
+     var k: int
+ 
+     constructor ()
+     {
+     }
+ 
+     method m()
+       ensures h == h
+       ensures j == j
+     {
+       assert k == k;
+     }
+   }
+ }
+ 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/alternative-is-complete.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/alternative-is-complete.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..800b5b6ed4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/alternative-is-complete.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype D = D0 | D1
+
+method F(d: D) returns (res: D) {
+  if {
+    case d == D0 => return D1;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/alternative-is-complete.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/alternative-is-complete.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1257d10674b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/alternative-is-complete.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+alternative-is-complete.dfy(7,2): Error: alternative cases fail to cover all possibilities
+ Asserted expression: false
+   in an added catch-all case:
+     case true => ...
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-empty.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-empty.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ca7e77f42f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-empty.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method ArrayInitEmpty<T>() {
+    var a := new T[1];
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-empty.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-empty.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..6066b299e72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-empty.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+array-init-empty.dfy(5,13): Error: unless an initializer is provided for the array elements, a new array of 'T' must have empty size
+ Asserted expression: 1 == 0
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-size-valid.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-size-valid.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b31dea25cac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-size-valid.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method ArrayInitSizeValid() {
+    var a := new int[1] [];
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-size-valid.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-size-valid.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..385ff209fa2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/array-init-size-valid.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+array-init-size-valid.dfy(5,21): Error: given array size must agree with the number of expressions in the initializing display (0)
+ Asserted expression: 1 == |[]|
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/assignment-shrinks.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/assignment-shrinks.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..31f190a4c66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/assignment-shrinks.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+iterator Repeat(val: int, count: nat) yields (res: int)
+  yield ensures res == val
+{
+  for i := 0 to count { yield val; }
+}
+
+class C {}
+
+method Main() {
+  var repeat := new Repeat(0, 10);
+  var c := new C;
+  while true
+     invariant repeat.Valid() && fresh(repeat._new)
+  {
+    repeat._new := repeat._new + { c };
+    var next := repeat.MoveNext();
+    if (!next) { break; }
+    print next;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/assignment-shrinks.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/assignment-shrinks.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c69f2d8ad78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/assignment-shrinks.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+assignment-shrinks.dfy(18,11): Error: an assignment to _new is only allowed to shrink the set
+ Asserted expression: old(allocated(repeat)) && repeat._new <= old(repeat._new)
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/bounded-below.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/bounded-below.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2e137b60319
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/bounded-below.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachResolver --expect-exit-code=4 "%s" -- --show-proof-obligation-expressions
+
+method Termination(start: int, up: bool) {
+    for i := start downto *
+      invariant start - 768 < i
+      decreases i - start + 765 // error: not bounded below
+    {
+      if i == start - 768 {
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/bounded-below.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/bounded-below.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1d6dfaaf678
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/bounded-below.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+bounded-below.dfy(6,26): Error: decreases expression must be bounded below by 0 at end of loop iteration
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= old@LoopEntry(i - start + 765) || i - start + 765 == old@LoopEntry(i - start + 765)
+   with the label `LoopEntry` applied to the loop
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/calc-step.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/calc-step.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4fb28b73746
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/calc-step.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+ghost function f(x: int, y: int): int
+
+lemma {:axiom} Associativity(x: int, y: int, z: int)
+  ensures f(x, f(y, z)) == f(f(x, y), z)
+
+lemma {:axiom} Monotonicity(y: int, z: int)
+  requires y <= z
+  ensures forall x :: f(x, y) <= f(x, z)
+
+lemma {:axiom} DiagonalIdentity(x: int)
+  ensures f(x, x) == x
+
+// From these axioms, we can prove a lemma about "f":
+
+method CalculationalStyleProof(a: int, b: int, c: int, x: int)
+  requires c <= x == f(a, b)
+  ensures f(a, f(b, c)) <= x
+{
+  calc == {
+    f(a, f(b, c));
+    { Associativity(a, b, c); }
+    f(f(a, b), c);
+    { assert f(a, b) == x; }
+    f(x, c);
+    { assert c <= x; Monotonicity(c, x); }
+    // Error, because the relation here should be <=, not ==
+    f(x, x);
+    { DiagonalIdentity(x); }
+    x;
+  }
+}
+
+method NoHintProof(x: int) {
+  calc == {
+    x - 1 + 1;
+    x + 1;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/calc-step.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/calc-step.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f477369fd7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/calc-step.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+calc-step.dfy(29,5): Error: the calculation step between the previous line and this line could not be proved
+ Asserted expression: f(x, c) == f(x, x)
+   asserted after the following statements:
+     assert c <= x;
+     Monotonicity(c, x);
+calc-step.dfy(38,6): Error: the calculation step between the previous line and this line could not be proved
+ Asserted expression: x - 1 + 1 == x + 1
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 2 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-non-unicode.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-non-unicode.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..67a9c494f99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-non-unicode.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --unicode-char=false --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function CanOverflow(c0: char, c1: char): char {
+    c0 + c1
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-non-unicode.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-non-unicode.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..e9ef169fb45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-non-unicode.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+CLI: Warning: the option unicode-char has been deprecated.
+char-overflow-non-unicode.dfy(5,7): Error: char addition might overflow
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= c0 as int + c1 as int && c0 as int + c1 as int < 65536
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-unicode.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-unicode.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..322ce3f0eac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-unicode.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function CanOverflow(c0: char, c1: char): char {
+    c0 + c1
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-unicode.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-unicode.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..45fec41a241
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-overflow-unicode.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+char-overflow-unicode.dfy(5,7): Error: char addition might overflow
+ Asserted expression: (0 <= c0 as int + c1 as int && c0 as int + c1 as int < 55296) || (57344 <= c0 as int + c1 as int && c0 as int + c1 as int < 1114112)
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-non-unicode.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-non-unicode.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..be48ec85354
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-non-unicode.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --unicode-char=false --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function CanUnderflow(c0: char, c1: char): char {
+    c0 - c1
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-non-unicode.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-non-unicode.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..ed2b2f3c1ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-non-unicode.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+CLI: Warning: the option unicode-char has been deprecated.
+char-underflow-non-unicode.dfy(5,7): Error: char subtraction might underflow
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= c0 as int - c1 as int && c0 as int - c1 as int < 65536
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-unicode.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-unicode.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f24d042b5f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-unicode.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function CanUnderflow(c0: char, c1: char): char {
+    c0 - c1
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-unicode.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-unicode.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..5a010370340
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/char-underflow-unicode.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+char-underflow-unicode.dfy(5,7): Error: char subtraction might underflow
+ Asserted expression: (0 <= c0 as int - c1 as int && c0 as int - c1 as int < 55296) || (57344 <= c0 as int - c1 as int && c0 as int - c1 as int < 1114112)
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/comprehension-no-alias.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/comprehension-no-alias.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fda25077fdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/comprehension-no-alias.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function ComprehensionNoAlias(i: nat, j: nat): map<int, nat>
+{
+    map x: nat, y: nat | x < i && y < j :: x + y := x
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/comprehension-no-alias.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/comprehension-no-alias.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0f95b84faf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/comprehension-no-alias.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+comprehension-no-alias.dfy(6,4): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
+comprehension-no-alias.dfy(6,45): Error: key expressions might be referring to the same value
+ Asserted expression: forall x: nat, y: nat, x': nat, y': nat | x < i && y < j && x' < i && y' < j && (x != x' || y != y') :: x + y != x' + y' || x == x'
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/concurrent-frame-empty.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/concurrent-frame-empty.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..93d7c04163f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/concurrent-frame-empty.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions --reads-clauses-on-methods "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+class C<T> {}
+
+function {:concurrent} ReadsEmpty<T>(c: C<T>): bool
+    reads {c}
+{
+    true
+}
+
+method {:concurrent} ModifiesEmpty<T>(c: C<T>)
+    reads {}
+    modifies {c}
+{}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/concurrent-frame-empty.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/concurrent-frame-empty.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a0150a7b405
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/concurrent-frame-empty.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+concurrent-frame-empty.dfy(6,23): Error: reads clause could not be proved to be empty ({:concurrent} restriction)
+ Asserted expression: forall c: C<T> :: ReadsEmpty.reads(c) == {}
+concurrent-frame-empty.dfy(12,21): Error: modifies clause could not be proved to be empty ({:concurrent} restriction)
+ Asserted expression: forall c: C<T> :: ModifiesEmpty.modifies(c) == {}
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 2 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-fit.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-fit.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..22354e6c09e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-fit.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function ConversionFit(i: int): bv8
+{
+    i as bv8
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-fit.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-fit.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..0e4a896a303
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-fit.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+conversion-fit.dfy(6,6): Error: value to be converted might not fit in bv8
+ Asserted expression: 0 < i && i <= 1 << 8
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-is-natural.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-is-natural.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fe73c1edf43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-is-natural.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function ConversionIsNatural(ord: ORDINAL): int
+{
+    ord as int
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-is-natural.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-is-natural.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..c0725c64dc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-is-natural.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+conversion-is-natural.dfy(6,8): Error: value to be converted might be bigger than every natural number
+ Asserted expression: ord is nat
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-positive.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-positive.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7388fe8f59e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-positive.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function ConversionPositive(i: int): ORDINAL
+{
+    i as ORDINAL
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-positive.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-positive.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..bbc52694b9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-positive.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+conversion-positive.dfy(6,6): Error: a negative integer cannot be converted to an ORDINAL
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= i
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-satisfies-constraints.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-satisfies-constraints.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f4669c1b8a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-satisfies-constraints.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+newtype uint8 = x: int | 0 <= x < 0x100
+
+function ConversionSatisfiesConstraints(i: int): uint8
+{
+    i as uint8
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-satisfies-constraints.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-satisfies-constraints.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..cef9b70b74c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/conversion-satisfies-constraints.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+conversion-satisfies-constraints.dfy(8,6): Error: result of operation might violate newtype constraint for 'uint8'
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= i && i < 256
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/definite-assignment.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/definite-assignment.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d0483aa3ee5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/definite-assignment.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+class C<G>
+{
+  var x: G
+  const y: G
+  
+  constructor Con0(i: int, a: G, b: G)
+  {
+    if i > 0 {
+      x := a;
+    } else {
+      y := b;
+    }
+    new;
+    if i > 10 {
+      x := y;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+method M0<G>(i: int, a: G, b: G) returns (x: G, y: G)
+{
+  if i < 0 {
+    x := a;
+  } else if i < 10 {
+    y := b;
+  } else if i < 20 {
+    x := a;
+    y := x;
+  } else if i < 30 {
+    x := y;
+    y := b;
+  }
+}
+
+method M1<G>(i: int, a: G, b: G) returns (x: G, y: G)
+{
+  if i < 0 {
+    return x, y;
+  }
+  return a, b;
+}
+
+method M2<G>(i: int, a: G, b: G) returns (x: G, y: G)
+{
+  if i < 0 {
+    x := a;
+    return x, y;
+  }
+  return a, b;
+}
+
+method M3<G>(i: int, a: G, b: G, c: G) returns (x: G, y: G, z: G)
+{
+  if i < 0 {
+    x := y;
+    return x, y, z;
+  }
+  return a, b, c;
+}
+
+method M4<G>(i: int, a: G, b: G) returns (x: G, y: G)
+{
+  if i < 0 {
+    x := a;
+    return;
+  }
+  return a, b;
+}
+
+method M5<G>(i: int, a: G, b: G, c: G) returns (x: G, y: G, z: G)
+{
+  if i < 0 {
+    x := y;
+    return;
+  }
+  return a, b, c;
+}
+
+method M6<G>(i: int, a: G, b: G) returns (x: G, y: G)
+{
+  if i < 0 {
+    x, y := y, x;
+    return;
+  }
+  return a, b;
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/definite-assignment.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/definite-assignment.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7654cd20210
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/definite-assignment.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+definite-assignment.dfy(16,4): Error: field 'x', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this point in the constructor body
+ Asserted expression: assigned(x)
+definite-assignment.dfy(16,4): Error: field 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this point in the constructor body
+ Asserted expression: assigned(y)
+definite-assignment.dfy(33,9): Error: variable 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+ Asserted expression: assigned(y)
+definite-assignment.dfy(36,0): Error: out-parameter 'x', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
+ Asserted expression: assigned(x)
+definite-assignment.dfy(36,0): Error: out-parameter 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
+ Asserted expression: assigned(y)
+definite-assignment.dfy(41,11): Error: variable 'x', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+ Asserted expression: assigned(x)
+definite-assignment.dfy(41,14): Error: variable 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+ Asserted expression: assigned(y)
+definite-assignment.dfy(50,14): Error: variable 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+ Asserted expression: assigned(y)
+definite-assignment.dfy(58,9): Error: variable 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+ Asserted expression: assigned(y)
+definite-assignment.dfy(59,17): Error: variable 'z', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+ Asserted expression: assigned(z)
+definite-assignment.dfy(68,4): Error: out-parameter 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
+ Asserted expression: assigned(y)
+definite-assignment.dfy(76,9): Error: variable 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+ Asserted expression: assigned(y)
+definite-assignment.dfy(77,4): Error: out-parameter 'z', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized at this return point
+ Asserted expression: assigned(z)
+definite-assignment.dfy(85,12): Error: variable 'y', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+ Asserted expression: assigned(y)
+definite-assignment.dfy(85,15): Error: variable 'x', which is subject to definite-assignment rules, might be uninitialized here
+ Asserted expression: assigned(x)
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 15 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/destructor-valid.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/destructor-valid.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..db8e084b6df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/destructor-valid.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype D = D0(n: nat) | D1 | D2(b: bool, n: nat)
+
+method F(d: D) {
+  var n := d.n;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/destructor-valid.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/destructor-valid.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..932aae382c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/destructor-valid.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+destructor-valid.dfy(7,13): Error: destructor 'n' can only be applied to datatype values constructed by 'D0' or 'D2'
+ Asserted expression: d.D0? || d.D2?
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/distinct-lhs.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/distinct-lhs.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..453e9442c60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/distinct-lhs.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method AssignArray(i: nat, j: nat, a: array<int>, x: int)
+    requires 0 <= i < a.Length
+    requires 0 <= j < a.Length
+    modifies a
+{
+  a[i], a[j] := x, x + 1;
+}
+ 
+method AssignMultiArray(i0: nat, i1: nat, j0: nat, j1: nat, a: array2<int>, x: int)
+    requires 0 <= i0 < a.Length0
+    requires 0 <= i1 < a.Length1
+    requires 0 <= j0 < a.Length0
+    requires 0 <= j1 < a.Length1
+    modifies a
+{
+     a[i0, i1], a[j0, j1] := x, x + 1;
+}
+
+class C { var f: int }
+method AssignField(c: C, x: int)
+    modifies c
+{
+    c.f, c.f := x, x + 1;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/distinct-lhs.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/distinct-lhs.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..802b0258bb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/distinct-lhs.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+distinct-lhs.dfy(9,9): Error: when left-hand sides a[j] and a[i] refer to the same location, they must be assigned the same value
+ Asserted expression: a != a || j != i
+distinct-lhs.dfy(19,17): Error: when left-hand sides a[j0, j1] and a[i0, i1] refer to the same location, they must be assigned the same value
+ Asserted expression: a != a || j0 != i0 || j1 != i1
+distinct-lhs.dfy(26,11): Error: when left-hand sides c.f and c.f refer to the same location, they must be assigned the same value
+ Asserted expression: c != c
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 3 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ensures-stronger.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ensures-stronger.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..60120ddbb3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ensures-stronger.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+predicate P(i: int)
+predicate Q(i: int)
+
+trait T {
+  method M(b: bool)
+    returns (res: int)
+    ensures P(res)
+    ensures P(res + 1)
+    ensures b ==> Q(res)
+}
+
+class C extends T {
+  method M(b': bool)
+    returns (res': int)
+    ensures P(res')
+  {
+    assume {:axiom} P(0);
+    return 0;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ensures-stronger.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ensures-stronger.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..132fb0002c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ensures-stronger.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+ensures-stronger.dfy(16,2): Error: the method must provide an equal or more detailed postcondition than in its parent trait
+ Asserted expression: P(res') ==> b' ==> Q(res')
+ensures-stronger.dfy(16,2): Error: the method must provide an equal or more detailed postcondition than in its parent trait
+ Asserted expression: P(res') ==> P(res' + 1)
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 2 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-assignable.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-assignable.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4f66b4fc727
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-assignable.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method ForRangeAssignable()
+{
+    for i: nat := -1 to 0 {}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-assignable.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-assignable.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..386f4f55eb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-assignable.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+for-range-assignable.dfy(6,8): Error: entire range must be assignable to index variable, but some value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
+ Asserted expression: forall i: nat | -1 <= i && i <= 0 :: i is nat
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-bounds-valid.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-bounds-valid.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a3e9447ffc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-bounds-valid.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method ForRangeBoundsValid()
+{
+    for _ := 1 to 0 {}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-bounds-valid.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-bounds-valid.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..99dba8e7d15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/for-range-bounds-valid.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+for-range-bounds-valid.dfy(6,13): Error: lower bound must not exceed upper bound
+ Asserted expression: 1 <= 0
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-lhs-unique.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-lhs-unique.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7b90ced250e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-lhs-unique.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method ForallLHSUniqueArray(a: array<int>)
+    modifies a
+{
+    forall i | 0 <= i < a.Length {
+        a[0] := i;
+    }
+}
+
+method ForallLHSUniqueArray2(a: array2<int>)
+    modifies a
+{
+    forall i, j | 0 <= i < a.Length0 && 0 <= j < a.Length1 {
+        a[0, 0] := i + j;
+    }
+}
+
+class C { var f: int }
+
+method ForallLHSUniqueObj(a: array<C>)
+    modifies a
+    modifies set i | 0 <= i < a.Length :: a[i]`f
+{
+    forall i | 0 <= i < a.Length {
+        a[i].f := i;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-lhs-unique.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-lhs-unique.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..206b7943a5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-lhs-unique.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+forall-lhs-unique.dfy(7,4): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
+forall-lhs-unique.dfy(15,4): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
+forall-lhs-unique.dfy(8,13): Error: left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location (and right-hand sides might not be equivalent)
+ Asserted expression: forall i: int, i': int | 0 <= i < a.Length && 0 <= i' && i' < a.Length && i != i' :: a != a || 0 != 0 || i == i'
+forall-lhs-unique.dfy(16,16): Error: left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location (and right-hand sides might not be equivalent)
+ Asserted expression: forall i: int, j: int, i': int, j': int | 0 <= i < a.Length0 && 0 <= j < a.Length1 && 0 <= i' && i' < a.Length0 && 0 <= j' && j' < a.Length1 && (i != i' || j != j') :: a != a || 0 != 0 || 0 != 0 || i + j == i' + j'
+forall-lhs-unique.dfy(27,15): Error: left-hand sides for different forall-statement bound variables might refer to the same location (and right-hand sides might not be equivalent)
+ Asserted expression: forall i: int, i': int | 0 <= i < a.Length && 0 <= i' && i' < a.Length && i != i' :: a[i] != a[i] || i == i'
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 3 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-postcondition.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-postcondition.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e463bb0f901
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-postcondition.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method ForallPostcondition()
+{
+    forall b: bool ensures b {}
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-postcondition.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-postcondition.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..148c4c27f58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/forall-postcondition.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+forall-postcondition.dfy(6,4): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
+forall-postcondition.dfy(6,27): Error: possible violation of postcondition of forall statement
+ Asserted expression: b
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/frame-dereference-non-null.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/frame-dereference-non-null.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..afdfd643dc2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/frame-dereference-non-null.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+class C { var f: int }
+
+function FrameDereferenceNonNull(c: C?): bool
+    reads c`f
+{ true }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/frame-dereference-non-null.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/frame-dereference-non-null.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..502abcad366
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/frame-dereference-non-null.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+frame-dereference-non-null.dfy(7,12): Error: frame expression might dereference null
+ Asserted expression: c != null
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/function-contract-override.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/function-contract-override.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a42cc573c12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/function-contract-override.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+predicate P(x: int)
+
+trait T {
+  function F(i: int): int
+    requires i < 10
+    ensures F(i) < 5
+    ensures P(F(i))
+}
+
+trait T' extends T {
+  function F(i': int): int
+    requires i' < 5
+    requires P(i')
+    ensures F(i') < 10
+  {
+    0
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/function-contract-override.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/function-contract-override.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e9f4f1459d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/function-contract-override.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+function-contract-override.dfy(14,11): Error: the function must provide an equal or more detailed postcondition than in its parent trait
+ Asserted expression: F(i') < 10 ==> this.F(i') < 5
+function-contract-override.dfy(14,11): Error: the function must provide an equal or more detailed postcondition than in its parent trait
+ Asserted expression: F(i') < 10 ==> P(this.F(i'))
+function-contract-override.dfy(14,11): Error: the function must provide an equal or more permissive precondition than in its parent trait
+ Asserted expression: i' < 10 ==> P(i')
+function-contract-override.dfy(14,11): Error: the function must provide an equal or more permissive precondition than in its parent trait
+ Asserted expression: i' < 10 ==> i' < 5
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 4 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/indices-in-domain.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/indices-in-domain.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fba1158d979
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/indices-in-domain.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method IndicesInDomain() {
+    var a1 := new int[1](i requires i > 0 => 1);
+    var a2 := new int[1, 1]((i, j) requires i > 0 && j < 0 => 1);
+    var s := seq(1, i requires i > 0 => 1);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/indices-in-domain.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/indices-in-domain.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c56d6bf7762
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/indices-in-domain.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+indices-in-domain.dfy(5,14): Error: all array indices must be in the domain of the initialization function
+ Asserted expression: forall i0: int | 0 <= i0 < 1 :: ((i: nat) requires i > 0 => 1).requires(i0)
+indices-in-domain.dfy(6,14): Error: all array indices must be in the domain of the initialization function
+ Asserted expression: forall i0: int, i1: int | (0 <= i0 < 1) && (0 <= i1 < 1) :: ((i: nat, j: int) requires i > 0 && j < 0 => 1).requires(i0, i1)
+indices-in-domain.dfy(7,13): Error: all sequence indices must be in the domain of the initialization function
+ Asserted expression: forall i0: int | 0 <= i0 < 1 :: ((i: int) requires i > 0 => 1).requires(i0)
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 3 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-allocated.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-allocated.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7828e206188
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-allocated.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+class C {
+    var f: int
+}
+
+method IsAllocated()
+{
+    var c := new C;
+    var f := old(c.f);
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-allocated.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-allocated.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..af8dfd963aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-allocated.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+is-allocated.dfy(11,19): Error: receiver could not be proved to be allocated in the state in which its fields are accessed
+ Asserted expression: old(allocated(c))
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-integer.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-integer.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..037fca826f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-integer.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function IsInteger(r: real): int
+{
+    r as int
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-integer.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-integer.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..a2dcddc6189
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/is-integer.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+is-integer.dfy(6,6): Error: the real-based number must be an integer (if you want truncation, apply .Floor to the real-based number)
+ Asserted expression: r == r.Floor as real
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/loop-invariant.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/loop-invariant.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..46e9cf822c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/loop-invariant.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method LoopInvariant() {
+  var i := 10;
+  while 0 <= i
+    invariant 0 <= i <= 10
+    decreases i
+  {
+    i := i - 1;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/loop-invariant.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/loop-invariant.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..89f7acddaca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/loop-invariant.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+loop-invariant.dfy(7,16): Error: this invariant could not be proved to be maintained by the loop
+ Related message: loop invariant violation
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= i <= 10
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/match-is-complete.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/match-is-complete.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5db53eaf43a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/match-is-complete.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype D = D0 | D1
+
+function F(d: D): D {
+  match d
+    case D0 => D1
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/match-is-complete.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/match-is-complete.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bcbc9af65eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/match-is-complete.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+match-is-complete.dfy(7,2): Error: missing case in match expression: D1
+ Asserted expression: false
+   in an added catch-all case:
+     case _ => ...
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modifiable.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modifiable.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5ec7f9746df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modifiable.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+class C {
+  var x: int
+  var y: int
+  method ModifyClassField()
+    modifies this`y
+  {
+    x := 0;
+  }
+}
+
+class C2 {
+  var x: int
+  var y: int
+}
+
+method ModifyObject(s: seq<C>, t: seq<C2>)
+  requires |s| > 1
+  requires |t| > 0
+  // singletons
+  modifies s[1]           // no field
+  modifies (s[1] as C)`x  // right field
+  modifies (s[0] as C)`y  // right object, wrong field
+  modifies (t[0] as C2)`x // wrong type, right field name
+  // sets
+  modifies {s[1]}         // no field
+  modifies {s[1] as C}`x  // right field
+  modifies {s[0] as C}`y  // right object, wrong field
+  modifies {t[0] as C2}`x // wrong type, right field name
+{
+  s[0].x := 1;
+}
+
+method ModifyObjects(s: seq<C>)
+  requires |s| > 1
+  modifies s[1]
+  modifies (set c | c in s)`y
+{
+  forall c | c in s {
+    c.x := 1;
+  }
+}
+
+method ModifyArray(a: array<int>, b: array<int>)
+  modifies b
+{
+  if a.Length > 0 {
+    a[0] := 1;
+  }
+}
+
+method ModifyArrays(s: seq<array<int>>)
+  requires |s| > 1
+  modifies s[1]
+{
+  forall a | a in s && a.Length > 0 {
+    a[0] := 1;
+  }
+}
+
+method ModifyMultiDimArray(a: array2<int>)
+{
+  if a.Length0 > 0 && a.Length1 > 0 {
+    a[0, 0] := 1;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modifiable.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modifiable.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d68b9142c9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modifiable.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+modifiable.dfy(10,4): Error: assignment might update an object not in the enclosing context's modifies clause
+ Asserted expression: this in {}
+modifiable.dfy(33,7): Error: assignment might update an object not in the enclosing context's modifies clause
+ Asserted expression: s[0] == s[1] || s[0] == s[1] as C || s[0] in {s[1]} || s[0] in {s[1] as C}
+modifiable.dfy(42,6): Error: assignment might update an object field not in the enclosing context's modifies clause
+ Asserted expression: c == s[1]
+modifiable.dfy(50,5): Error: assignment might update an array element not in the enclosing context's modifies clause
+ Asserted expression: a == b
+modifiable.dfy(59,5): Error: assignment might update an array element not in the enclosing context's modifies clause
+ Asserted expression: a == s[1]
+modifiable.dfy(66,5): Error: assignment might update an array element not in the enclosing context's modifies clause
+ Asserted expression: a in {}
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 4 verified, 6 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modify-frame-subset.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modify-frame-subset.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0b654d0bdf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modify-frame-subset.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+class C {
+  var x: int
+  var y: int
+}
+
+method ModifyStmt(s: seq<C>)
+  requires |s| > 5
+  modifies s[3]
+  modifies {s[4]}`x
+  modifies {s[5]}`y
+{
+  modify s[0], {s[1]}`x, {s[2]}`y;
+}
+
+method LoopModifies(s: seq<C>)
+  requires |s| > 5
+  modifies s[3]
+  modifies {s[4]}`x
+  modifies {s[5]}`y
+{
+  for i := 0 to 3
+    modifies s[0], {s[1]}`x, {s[2]}`y
+  { }
+}
+
+method Callee(s': seq<C>)
+  requires |s'| > 5
+  modifies s'[0], {s'[1]}`x, {s'[2]}`y
+
+method Caller(s: seq<C>)
+  requires |s| > 5
+  modifies s[3]
+  modifies {s[4]}`x
+  modifies {s[5]}`y
+{
+  Callee(s);
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modify-frame-subset.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modify-frame-subset.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..240d6a6c23f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/modify-frame-subset.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+modify-frame-subset.dfy(15,2): Error: modify statement might violate context's modifies clause
+ Asserted expression: (s[0] == s[3] || s[0] in {s[4]} || s[0] in {s[5]}) && (forall obj: C | obj in {s[1]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[4]}) && forall obj: C | obj in {s[2]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[5]}
+modify-frame-subset.dfy(24,2): Error: loop modifies clause might violate context's modifies clause
+ Asserted expression: (s[0] == s[3] || s[0] in {s[4]} || s[0] in {s[5]}) && (forall obj: C | obj in {s[1]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[4]}) && forall obj: C | obj in {s[2]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[5]}
+modify-frame-subset.dfy(39,8): Error: call might violate context's modifies clause
+ Asserted expression: (s[0] == s[3] || s[0] in {s[4]} || s[0] in {s[5]}) && (forall obj: C | obj in {s[1]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[4]}) && forall obj: C | obj in {s[2]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[5]}
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 4 verified, 3 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-negative.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-negative.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4ebd45cdc97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-negative.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function NonNegative(): seq<int>
+{
+    seq(-1, i => 0)
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-negative.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-negative.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..2a53adab9ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-negative.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+non-negative.dfy(6,8): Error: sequence size might be negative
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= -1
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-null.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-null.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..60ddad634d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-null.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function NonNull(a: array?<int>): int
+{
+    a.Length
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-null.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-null.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..f3e3b6f05b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/non-null.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+non-null.dfy(6,6): Error: target object might be null
+ Asserted expression: a != null
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/not-ghost-variant.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/not-ghost-variant.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5469d876b2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/not-ghost-variant.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype D = ghost G0 | ghost G1 | C0 | C1
+
+method NotGhostVariantDiscriminator(d: D) returns (res: nat) {
+  res := 0;
+  if d.C0? {
+    res := 1;
+  }
+}
+
+method NotGhostVariantEquality(d: D) returns (res: nat) {
+  res := 0;
+  if d == d {
+    res := 1;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/not-ghost-variant.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/not-ghost-variant.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1541b910526
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/not-ghost-variant.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+not-ghost-variant.dfy(8,7): Error: in a compiled context, discriminator 'C0?' cannot be applied to a datatype value of a ghost variant (ghost constructor 'G0' or 'G1')
+ Asserted expression: !(d.G0? || d.G1?)
+not-ghost-variant.dfy(15,7): Error: in a compiled context, equality cannot be applied to a datatype value of a ghost variant (ghost constructor 'G0' or 'G1')
+ Asserted expression: !(d.G0? || d.G1?)
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 2 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-is-natural.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-is-natural.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..718073c345c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-is-natural.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function OrdinalSubtractionIsNatural(o0: ORDINAL, o1: ORDINAL): ORDINAL
+    requires o1.Offset <= o0.Offset
+{
+    o0 - o1
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-is-natural.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-is-natural.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..10bb3b11cc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-is-natural.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+ordinal-subtraction-is-natural.dfy(7,7): Error: RHS of ORDINAL subtraction must be a natural number, but the given RHS might be larger
+ Asserted expression: o1.IsNat
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-underflow.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-underflow.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a852a5b3134
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-underflow.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function OrdinalSubtractionUnderflow(o0: ORDINAL, o1: ORDINAL): ORDINAL
+    requires o1.IsNat
+{
+    o0 - o1
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-underflow.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-underflow.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..f5854e35307
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/ordinal-subtraction-underflow.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+ordinal-subtraction-underflow.dfy(7,7): Error: ORDINAL subtraction might underflow a limit ordinal (that is, RHS might be too large)
+ Asserted expression: o1.Offset <= o0.Offset
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/pattern-shape-is-valid.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/pattern-shape-is-valid.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..36bc1aad4c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/pattern-shape-is-valid.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype D = D0(n: nat) | D1
+
+method F(d: D) {
+  assert d.D0?;
+  var D0(n) := d;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/pattern-shape-is-valid.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/pattern-shape-is-valid.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9e5186d8b9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/pattern-shape-is-valid.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+pattern-shape-is-valid.dfy(7,11): Error: assertion might not hold
+ Asserted expression: d.D0?
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/precondition-satisfied.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/precondition-satisfied.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..56601a8f311
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/precondition-satisfied.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function Div(x: int, y: int): int
+    requires y != 0
+{
+    x / y
+}
+
+function BadDiv(a: int, b: int): int
+{
+    Div(a, b)
+}
+
+function DivErrorMsg(x: int, y: int): int
+    requires {:error "divisor must be nonzero", "divisor is nonzero"} y != 0
+{
+    x / y
+}
+
+function BadDivErrorMsg(a: int, b: int): int
+{
+    DivErrorMsg(a, b)
+}
+
+function BadNamedLambdaDiv(a: int, b: int): int
+{
+    var lam := (x, y) requires y != 0 => x / y;
+    lam(a, b)
+}
+
+function BadAnonLambdaDiv(a: int, b: int): int
+{
+    ((x, y) requires y != 0 => x / y)(a, b)
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/precondition-satisfied.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/precondition-satisfied.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d9523f61b87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/precondition-satisfied.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+precondition-satisfied.dfy(12,4): Error: function precondition could not be proved
+ Asserted expression: b != 0
+precondition-satisfied.dfy(5,15): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
+precondition-satisfied.dfy(23,4): Error: divisor must be nonzero
+ Asserted expression: b != 0
+precondition-satisfied.dfy(16,72): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
+precondition-satisfied.dfy(29,4): Error: function precondition could not be proved
+ Asserted expression: lam.requires(a, b)
+precondition-satisfied.dfy(34,4): Error: function precondition could not be proved
+ Asserted expression: ((x: int, y: int) requires y != 0 => x / y).requires(a, b)
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 4 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/prefix-equality-limit.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/prefix-equality-limit.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..63528a63aa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/prefix-equality-limit.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+codatatype Stream = More(Stream)
+
+method PrefixEqualityLimit(s: Stream, i: int) {
+  ghost var g := s ==#[i] s;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/prefix-equality-limit.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/prefix-equality-limit.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5c36e030712
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/prefix-equality-limit.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+prefix-equality-limit.dfy(7,19): Error: prefix-equality limit must be at least 0
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= i
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/read-frame-subset.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/read-frame-subset.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0cc1d05d6cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/read-frame-subset.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --reads-clauses-on-methods --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+class C {
+  var x: int
+  var y: int
+}
+
+function ReadField(s: seq<C>, c': C): bool
+  requires |s| > 4
+  reads s[2]
+  reads {s[3]}`x
+  reads {s[4]}`y
+{
+  s[0].x == 1 || s[1].y == 1
+}
+
+function ReadArrayElement(s: seq<array<int>>): bool
+  requires |s| > 2
+  reads s[1]
+  reads set a | a in s[2..]
+{
+  if s[0].Length > 0 then s[0][0] == 1 else false
+}
+
+function ReadRangeOfArrayElements(s: seq<array<int>>): bool
+  requires |s| > 2
+  reads s[1]
+  reads set a | a in s[2..]
+{
+  if s[0].Length > 0 then s[0][0..1] == [2, 3] else false
+}
+
+function ReadMultiDimArrayElement(s: seq<array2<int>>): bool
+  requires |s| > 2
+  reads s[1]
+  reads set a | a in s[2..]
+{
+  if s[0].Length0 > 0 && s[0].Length1 > 1 then s[0][0, 1] == 2 else false
+}
+
+function ReadByApply(s: seq<C>): bool
+  requires |s| > 5
+  reads s[3]
+  reads {s[4]}`x
+  reads {s[5]}`y
+{
+  var lam := (s': seq<C>)
+    requires |s'| > 2
+    reads if |s'| > 0 then {s'[0]} else {}
+    reads (if |s'| > 1 then {s'[1]} else {})`x
+    reads (if |s'| > 2 then {s'[2]} else {})`y
+    => false;
+  lam(s)
+}
+
+function ReadingFunction(s': seq<C>): bool
+  requires |s'| > 2
+  reads s'[0]
+  reads {s'[1]}`x
+  reads {s'[2]}`y
+{
+  false
+}
+
+function ReadByFunctionCall(s: seq<C>): bool
+  requires |s| > 5
+  reads s[3]
+  reads {s[4]}`x
+  reads {s[5]}`y
+{
+  ReadingFunction(s)
+}
+
+function ReadByReadsCall(s: seq<C>): bool
+  requires |s| > 5
+  reads s[3]
+  reads {s[4]}`x
+  reads {s[5]}`y
+{
+  ghost var r := ReadingFunction.reads(s);
+  false
+}
+
+method ReadByUnchanged(s: seq<C>)
+  requires |s| > 5
+  reads s[3]
+  reads {s[4]}`x
+  reads {s[5]}`y
+{
+  assert unchanged(s[0], {s[1]}`x, {s[2]}`y);
+}
+
+method ReadBySeqInit(s: seq<C>)
+  requires |s| > 5
+  reads s[3]
+  reads {s[4]}`x
+  reads {s[5]}`y
+{
+  var init := i
+    reads s[0]
+    reads {s[1]}`x
+    reads {s[2]}`y
+    => false;
+  var s' := seq(1, init);
+}
+
+method ReadingMethod(s': seq<C>)
+  requires |s'| > 2
+  reads s'[0]
+  reads {s'[1]}`x
+  reads {s'[2]}`y
+{ }
+
+method ReadByCall(s: seq<C>)
+  requires |s| > 5
+  reads s[3]
+  reads {s[4]}`x
+  reads {s[5]}`y
+{
+  ReadingMethod(s);
+}
+
+// tests successful handling of FunctionCallExpr where the receiver isn't a method or function
+function Sum(f: int ~> real, lo: int, hi: int): real
+  requires lo <= hi
+  requires forall i :: lo <= i < hi ==> f.requires(i)
+  reads set i, o | lo <= i < hi && o in f.reads(i) :: o
+  decreases hi - lo
+{
+  if lo == hi then 0.0 else
+    f(lo) + Sum(f, lo + 1, hi)
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/read-frame-subset.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/read-frame-subset.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1c6c5d75bd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/read-frame-subset.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+read-frame-subset.dfy(15,7): Error: insufficient reads clause to read field; Consider adding 'reads s[0]' or 'reads s[0]`x' in the enclosing function specification for resolution
+ Asserted expression: s[0] == s[2] || s[0] in {s[3]} || s[0] in {s[4]}
+read-frame-subset.dfy(15,22): Error: insufficient reads clause to read field; Consider adding 'reads s[1]' or 'reads s[1]`y' in the enclosing function specification for resolution
+ Asserted expression: s[1] == s[2] || s[1] in {s[3]} || s[1] in {s[4]}
+read-frame-subset.dfy(23,30): Error: insufficient reads clause to read array element; Consider adding 'reads s[0]' in the enclosing function specification for resolution
+ Asserted expression: s[0] == s[1] || s[0] in set a: array<int> {:trigger a in s[2..]} | a in s[2..]
+read-frame-subset.dfy(31,30): Error: insufficient reads clause to read the indicated range of array elements; Consider adding 'reads s[0]' in the enclosing function specification for resolution
+ Asserted expression: s[0] == s[1] || s[0] in set a: array<int> {:trigger a in s[2..]} | a in s[2..]
+read-frame-subset.dfy(39,51): Error: insufficient reads clause to read array element; Consider adding 'reads s[0]' in the enclosing function specification for resolution
+ Asserted expression: s[0] == s[1] || s[0] in set a: array2<int> {:trigger a in s[2..]} | a in s[2..]
+read-frame-subset.dfy(54,2): Error: insufficient reads clause to invoke function
+ Asserted expression: forall obj: object? | obj in lam.reads(s) :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[4]} || obj in {s[5]}
+read-frame-subset.dfy(72,2): Error: insufficient reads clause to invoke function
+ Asserted expression: (s[0] == s[3] || s[0] in {s[4]} || s[0] in {s[5]}) && (forall obj: C | obj in {s[1]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[4]}) && forall obj: C | obj in {s[2]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[5]}
+read-frame-subset.dfy(81,33): Error: insufficient reads clause to invoke function
+ Asserted expression: (s[0] == s[3] || s[0] in {s[4]} || s[0] in {s[5]}) && (forall obj: C | obj in {s[1]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[4]}) && forall obj: C | obj in {s[2]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[5]}
+read-frame-subset.dfy(91,20): Error: insufficient reads clause to read state of 'unchanged' object
+ Asserted expression: s[0] == s[3] || s[0] in {s[4]} || s[0] in {s[5]}
+read-frame-subset.dfy(91,25): Error: insufficient reads clause to read state of 'unchanged' set element
+ Asserted expression: forall obj: C | obj in {s[1]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[4]}
+read-frame-subset.dfy(91,35): Error: insufficient reads clause to read state of 'unchanged' set element
+ Asserted expression: forall obj: C | obj in {s[2]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[5]}
+read-frame-subset.dfy(105,12): Error: insufficient reads clause to invoke the function passed as an argument to the sequence constructor
+ Asserted expression: forall i0: int | 0 <= i0 < 1 :: forall obj: object? | obj in init.reads(i0) :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[4]} || obj in {s[5]}
+read-frame-subset.dfy(121,15): Error: insufficient reads clause to call
+ Asserted expression: (s[0] == s[3] || s[0] in {s[4]} || s[0] in {s[5]}) && (forall obj: C | obj in {s[1]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[4]}) && forall obj: C | obj in {s[2]} :: obj == s[3] || obj in {s[5]}
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 6 verified, 13 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/requires-weaker.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/requires-weaker.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..22553421aa6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/requires-weaker.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+predicate P(i: int)
+predicate Q(i: int)
+
+trait T {
+  method M(i: int)
+    returns (res: bool)
+    requires P(i)
+    requires Q(i)
+}
+
+class C extends T {
+  method M(i': int)
+    returns (res': bool)
+    requires P(i')
+    requires Q(i' * 2)
+    requires P(i' + 1) ==> Q(i' + 1)
+  {
+    res' := true;
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/requires-weaker.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/requires-weaker.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3feaf43d46f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/requires-weaker.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+requires-weaker.dfy(15,2): Error: the method must provide an equal or more permissive precondition than in its parent trait
+ Asserted expression: P(i') && Q(i') ==> P(i' + 1) ==> Q(i' + 1)
+requires-weaker.dfy(15,2): Error: the method must provide an equal or more permissive precondition than in its parent trait
+ Asserted expression: P(i') && Q(i') ==> Q(i' * 2)
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 1 verified, 2 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-lower-bound.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-lower-bound.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..cb0e542d943
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-lower-bound.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function ShiftLowerBound(b: bv2): bv2 {
+    b.RotateLeft(-1)
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-lower-bound.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-lower-bound.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..b59657a0906
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-lower-bound.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+shift-lower-bound.dfy(5,6): Error: rotate amount must be non-negative
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= -1
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-upper-bound.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-upper-bound.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..35160e2c87d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-upper-bound.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+function ShiftUpperBound(b: bv2): bv2 {
+    b.RotateLeft(3)
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-upper-bound.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-upper-bound.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..fd55a173d16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/shift-upper-bound.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+shift-upper-bound.dfy(5,6): Error: rotate amount must not exceed the width of the result (2)
+ Asserted expression: 3 <= 2
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check-no-type-system-refresh.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check-no-type-system-refresh.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a76c023b66d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check-no-type-system-refresh.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method SubrangeCheck<T, U>(o: object?, p: T --> U, r: T ~> U, i: int) {
+    var nonNullVar: object := o;
+    var totalVar: T -> U := p;
+    var partialVar: T --> U := r;
+    var natVar: nat := i;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check-no-type-system-refresh.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check-no-type-system-refresh.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e075451038b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check-no-type-system-refresh.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+subrange-check-no-type-system-refresh.dfy(5,30): Error: value of expression (of type 'object?') is not known to be an instance of type 'object', because it might be null
+ Asserted expression: o is object
+subrange-check-no-type-system-refresh.dfy(6,28): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'T -> U' (possible cause: it may be partial or have read effects)
+subrange-check-no-type-system-refresh.dfy(7,31): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'T --> U' (possible cause: it may have read effects)
+subrange-check-no-type-system-refresh.dfy(8,23): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
+ Asserted expression: i is nat
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 4 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9b829998566
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions --type-system-refresh "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+method SubrangeCheck<T, U>(o: object?, p: T --> U, r: T ~> U, i: int) {
+    var nonNullVar: object := o;
+    var totalVar: T -> U := p;
+    var partialVar: T --> U := r;
+    var natVar: nat := i;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a6a14bc0988
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/subrange-check.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+subrange-check.dfy(5,30): Error: value of expression (of type 'object?') is not known to be an instance of type 'object', because it might be null
+ Asserted expression: o is object
+subrange-check.dfy(6,28): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'T -> U' (possible cause: it may be partial or have read effects)
+ Asserted expression: p is T -> U
+subrange-check.dfy(7,31): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'T --> U' (possible cause: it may have read effects)
+ Asserted expression: r is T --> U
+subrange-check.dfy(8,23): Error: value does not satisfy the subset constraints of 'nat'
+ Asserted expression: i is nat
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 4 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-decreases.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-decreases.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b5d0af67b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-decreases.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+trait T {
+  method M0(x: nat, y: bool) decreases x, y
+  method M1(x: nat, y: bool) decreases y, x
+  method M2(x: nat, y: bool) decreases false, x
+}
+
+class C extends T {
+  method M0(x: nat, y: bool) decreases y, x
+  { }
+  method M1(x: nat, y: bool) decreases y
+  { }
+  method M2(x: nat, y: bool) decreases y, x
+  { }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-decreases.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-decreases.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3c3ea9c0d14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-decreases.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+trait-decreases.dfy(11,2): Error: method's (possibly automatically generated) decreases clause must be below or equal to that in the trait
+ Asserted expression: x, y nonincreases to y, x
+trait-decreases.dfy(13,2): Error: method's (possibly automatically generated) decreases clause must be below or equal to that in the trait
+ Asserted expression: y, x nonincreases to y
+trait-decreases.dfy(15,2): Error: method's (possibly automatically generated) decreases clause must be below or equal to that in the trait
+ Asserted expression: false, x nonincreases to y, x
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 3 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-frame.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-frame.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e68eb6e7860
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-frame.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+trait T {
+  method M()
+  function F(): bool
+}
+
+class C extends T {
+  method M() modifies this
+  function F(): bool reads this
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-frame.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-frame.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a1f7bfc17da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/trait-frame.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+trait-frame.dfy(10,2): Error: method might modify an object not in the parent trait context's modifies clause
+ Asserted expression: this in {}
+trait-frame.dfy(11,11): Error: function might read an object not in the parent trait context's reads clause
+ Asserted expression: this in {}
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 2 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/valid-constructor-names.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/valid-constructor-names.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8872cb25510
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/valid-constructor-names.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+datatype D = D0(n: nat) | D1 | D2(b: bool, n: nat)
+
+method F(d: D) {
+  var d' := d.(n := 0);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/valid-constructor-names.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/valid-constructor-names.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..61c9c4ac0d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/valid-constructor-names.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+valid-constructor-names.dfy(7,14): Error: source of datatype update must be constructed by 'D2' or 'D0'
+ Asserted expression: d.D2? || d.D0?
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/witness-check.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/witness-check.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e713741a557
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/witness-check.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+newtype Pos = i: int | i > 0
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/witness-check.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/witness-check.dfy.expect
new file mode 100755
index 00000000000..30e2252e2bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/witness-check.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+witness-check.dfy(4,8): Error: cannot find witness that shows type is inhabited (only tried 0); try giving a hint through a 'witness' or 'ghost witness' clause, or use 'witness *' to treat as a possibly empty type
+ Asserted expression: 0 > 0
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/yield-ensures.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/yield-ensures.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..76cf26b31ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/yield-ensures.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify --show-proof-obligation-expressions "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+
+iterator Repeat0(val: int, count: nat) yields (out: int, index: int)
+  yield ensures this.out == val
+  yield ensures 0 <= index <= count
+{
+  for i := 0 to count { yield count, -i; }
+}
+
+iterator Repeat1(val: int, count: nat) yields (out: int, index: int)
+  yield ensures this.out == val
+  yield ensures 0 <= index <= count
+{
+  for i := 0 to count {
+    out := count;
+    index := -i;
+    yield;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/yield-ensures.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/yield-ensures.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..840540c52b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/proof-obligation-desc/yield-ensures.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+yield-ensures.dfy(8,24): Error: possible violation of yield-ensures condition
+ Asserted expression: count == val
+yield-ensures.dfy(5,25): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
+yield-ensures.dfy(8,24): Error: possible violation of yield-ensures condition
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= -i && -i <= count
+yield-ensures.dfy(6,18): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
+yield-ensures.dfy(18,4): Error: possible violation of yield-ensures condition
+ Asserted expression: this.out == val
+yield-ensures.dfy(12,25): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
+yield-ensures.dfy(18,4): Error: possible violation of yield-ensures condition
+ Asserted expression: 0 <= this.index && this.index <= count
+yield-ensures.dfy(13,18): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 4 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a826a16f675
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// RUN: %baredafny translate py  --python-module-name=PythonModule2 --library="%S/PythonModule1.doo" --translation-record "%S/PythonModule1-py.dtr" --output "%S/PythonModule2" "%s" --include-runtime
+// RUN: %exits-with -any %rm -rf "%S/PythonModule2"
+// RUN: %mv "%S/PythonModule2-py" "%S/PythonModule2"
+// RUN: pip3 install "%S"
+// RUN: %S/python3 PythonModule2/ > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+module DafnyModule3 {
+import DafnyModule1
+
+method Main() {
+        DafnyModule1.HelloWorld();
+}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e1c309dae7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/DerivedModule.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello World
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1-py.dtr b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1-py.dtr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8875c24a626
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1-py.dtr
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+file_format_version = "1.0"
+dafny_version = "4.8.0.0"
+[options_by_module.DafnyModule1]
+python-module-name = "PythonModule1"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1.doo b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1.doo
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d02fd1ee749
Binary files /dev/null and b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1.doo differ
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1/DafnyModule1.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1/DafnyModule1.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e5f622a26fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1/DafnyModule1.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import sys
+from typing import Callable, Any, TypeVar, NamedTuple
+from math import floor
+from itertools import count
+
+import PythonModule1.module_ as module_
+import _dafny as _dafny
+import System_ as System_
+
+# Module: PythonModule1.DafnyModule1
+
+class default__:
+    def  __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def HelloWorld():
+        _dafny.print((_dafny.SeqWithoutIsStrInference(map(_dafny.CodePoint, "Hello World"))).VerbatimString(False))
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1/__main__.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9092b7de99e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Dafny program helloworld.dfy compiled into Python
+import sys
+from typing import Callable, Any, TypeVar, NamedTuple
+from math import floor
+from itertools import count
+
+import PythonModule1.module_ as module_
+import _dafny as _dafny
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1/module_.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1/module_.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..25c55c61744
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/PythonModule1/module_.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import sys
+from typing import Callable, Any, TypeVar, NamedTuple
+from math import floor
+from itertools import count
+
+import PythonModule1.module_ as module_
+import _dafny as _dafny
+import System_ as System_
+import PythonModule1.DafnyModule1 as DafnyModule1
+
+# Module: PythonModule1.module_
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..75e0ff227c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// This file is used to regenerate PythonModule1.doo
+// RUN: echo 'lit should ignore this file' 
+
+module DafnyModule1 {
+  method HelloWorld()
+  {
+    print "Hello World";
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/setup.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e8a736e7d14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/multimodule/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# setup.py
+# installs the committed PythonModule1 and generated PythonModule2 as a Python module
+from setuptools import setup
+
+setup(
+    name="testpythonmodulemultimodule",
+    version="0.1.0",
+    packages=["PythonModule1", "PythonModule2"],
+    python_requires='>=3.6',
+    install_requires=[
+        'DafnyRuntimePython',
+    ],
+)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule.doo b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule.doo
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..984fce8d142
Binary files /dev/null and b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule.doo differ
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/Some.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/Some.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3b9e9374ae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/Some.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import sys
+from typing import Callable, Any, TypeVar, NamedTuple
+from math import floor
+from itertools import count
+
+import SomeNestedModule.module_ as module_
+import _dafny as _dafny
+import System_ as System_
+import SomeNestedModule.Some_Nested_Module as Some_Nested_Module
+import SomeNestedModule.Some_Nested as Some_Nested
+
+# Module: Some
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/SomeNestedModule-py.dtr b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/SomeNestedModule-py.dtr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b5896b46691
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/SomeNestedModule-py.dtr
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+file_format_version = "1.0"
+dafny_version = "4.8.0.0"
+[options_by_module."Some.Nested.Module"]
+python-module-name = "SomeNestedModule"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/Some_Nested.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/Some_Nested.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..31b5634a411
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/Some_Nested.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import sys
+from typing import Callable, Any, TypeVar, NamedTuple
+from math import floor
+from itertools import count
+
+import SomeNestedModule.module_ as module_
+import _dafny as _dafny
+import System_ as System_
+import SomeNestedModule.Some_Nested_Module as Some_Nested_Module
+
+# Module: Some_Nested
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/Some_Nested_Module.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/Some_Nested_Module.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e1bbf368761
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/Some_Nested_Module.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import sys
+from typing import Callable, Any, TypeVar, NamedTuple
+from math import floor
+from itertools import count
+
+import SomeNestedModule.module_ as module_
+import _dafny as _dafny
+import System_ as System_
+
+# Module: Some_Nested_Module
+
+class default__:
+    def  __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def HelloWorld():
+        _dafny.print((_dafny.SeqWithoutIsStrInference(map(_dafny.CodePoint, "Hello World"))).VerbatimString(False))
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/__main__.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b88c9409b6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# Dafny program SomeNestedModule.dfy compiled into Python
+import sys
+from typing import Callable, Any, TypeVar, NamedTuple
+from math import floor
+from itertools import count
+
+import SomeNestedModule.module_ as module_
+import _dafny as _dafny
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/module_.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/module_.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a3e2e5c9377
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeNestedModule/module_.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import sys
+from typing import Callable, Any, TypeVar, NamedTuple
+from math import floor
+from itertools import count
+
+import SomeNestedModule.module_ as module_
+import _dafny as _dafny
+import System_ as System_
+import SomeNestedModule.Some_Nested_Module as Some_Nested_Module
+import SomeNestedModule.Some_Nested as Some_Nested
+import SomeNestedModule.Some as Some
+
+# Module: module_
+
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeTestModule.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeTestModule.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..077d23f3902
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeTestModule.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// RUN: pip3 install "%S"
+// RUN: %baredafny translate py --output "%S/SomeTestModule" --library="%S/SomeNestedModule.doo" --translation-record "%S/SomeNestedModule/SomeNestedModule-py.dtr" "%s" --include-runtime
+// RUN: %S/python3 SomeTestModule-py/ > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+module SomeTestModule {
+
+    import Other = Some.Nested.Module
+
+    method Main() {
+        Other.HelloWorld();
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeTestModule.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeTestModule.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e1c309dae7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/SomeTestModule.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello World
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/dafnysource/SomeNestedModule.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/dafnysource/SomeNestedModule.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5f5d4774b84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/dafnysource/SomeNestedModule.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// This file is used to regenerate SomeNestedModule.doo
+// RUN: echo 'lit should ignore this file' 
+
+module Some.Nested.Module {
+  method HelloWorld()
+  {
+    print "Hello World";
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/setup.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7e1a7bf94e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/nestedmodule/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# setup.py
+# installs the committed PythonModule1 and generated PythonModule2 as a Python module
+from setuptools import setup
+
+setup(
+    name="testpythonmodulenestedmodule",
+    version="0.1.0",
+    packages=["SomeNestedModule"],
+    python_requires='>=3.6',
+    install_requires=[
+        'DafnyRuntimePython',
+    ],
+)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..957ee79b501
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// RUN: %baredafny translate py  --python-module-name=PythonModule1 "%s" --output "%S/PythonModule1" --include-runtime
+// RUN: %exits-with -any %rm -rf "%S/PythonModule1"
+// RUN: %mv "%S/PythonModule1-py/" "%S/PythonModule1"
+// RUN: pip3 install "%S"
+// RUN: %S/python3 PythonModule1/ > %t
+// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
+module DafnyModule1 {
+    
+    method Main() {
+        print "Hello World";
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5e1c309dae7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/helloworld.dfy.expect
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello World
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/setup.py b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d82f5523ff0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/pythonmodule/singlemodule/dafnysource/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# setup.py
+# installs the generated PythonModule1 as a Python module
+from setuptools import setup
+
+setup(
+    name="testpythonmodulesinglemodule",
+    version="0.1.0",
+    packages=["PythonModule1"],
+    python_requires='>=3.6',
+    install_requires=[
+        'DafnyRuntimePython',
+    ],
+)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/separate-verification/assumptions.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/separate-verification/assumptions.dfy
index 2ba40eedcf2..31c3d276abc 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/separate-verification/assumptions.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/separate-verification/assumptions.dfy
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Passing --no-verify because TestAuditor.dfy intentionally has a failing assertion,
 // but that would otherwise mean we don't get far enough to exercise the LibraryBackend.
-// RUN: ! %baredafny build -t:lib --no-verify --reads-clauses-on-methods %args %s > %t
+// RUN: ! %build -t:lib --allow-axioms false --no-verify --reads-clauses-on-methods %args %s > %t
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" %t
 
 include "../auditor/TestAuditor.dfy"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/separate-verification/assumptions.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/separate-verification/assumptions.dfy.expect
index cf9abb8196d..0983351f342 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/separate-verification/assumptions.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/separate-verification/assumptions.dfy.expect
@@ -1,32 +1,18 @@
+TestAuditor.dfy(24,25): Warning: This ensures clause is part of a bodyless method. Add the {:axiom} attribute to it or the enclosing method to suppress this warning
+TestAuditor.dfy(38,2): Warning: assume statement has no {:axiom} annotation
+TestAuditor.dfy(45,17): Warning: when a method is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+TestAuditor.dfy(50,17): Warning: when a method is exported, meaning it has a body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that it is called with arguments that satisfy its preconditions (its requires clauses and inputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'
+TestAuditor.dfy(72,19): Warning: when a function is imported, meaning it has no body and an {:extern} annotation, Dafny can not guarantee that its implementation satisfies its post-conditions (its ensures clauses and outputs that are subset types). To silence this warning, please add an {:axiom} attribute or use the option '--allow-external-contracts'.
+TestAuditor.dfy(136,2): Warning: assume statement has no {:axiom} annotation
 TestAuditor.dfy(150,9): Warning: Assertion with {:only} temporarily transforms other assertions into assumptions
 TestAuditor.dfy(154,7): Warning: Members with {:only} temporarily disable the verification of other members in the entire file
-TestAuditor.dfy(95,4): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-TestAuditor.dfy(102,4): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
-TestAuditor.dfy(139,2): Warning: note, this forall statement has no body
-TestAuditor.dfy(143,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+TestAuditor.dfy(95,4): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+TestAuditor.dfy(102,4): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+TestAuditor.dfy(139,2): Warning: this forall statement has no body
+TestAuditor.dfy(143,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
 TestAuditor.dfy(93,10): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 TestAuditor.dfy(95,4): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 TestAuditor.dfy(139,2): Warning: Could not find a trigger for this quantifier. Without a trigger, the quantifier may cause brittle verification. To silence this warning, add an explicit trigger using the {:trigger} attribute. For more information, see the section quantifier instantiation rules in the reference manual.
 
 Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
-TestAuditor.dfy(22,6): Error: Ghost declaration has no body and has an ensures clause.
-TestAuditor.dfy(38,2): Error: Definition has [assume] statement in body.
-TestAuditor.dfy(45,17): Error: Declaration with [{:extern}] has a ensures clause.
-TestAuditor.dfy(45,17): Error: Declaration with [{:extern}] has a requires clause.
-TestAuditor.dfy(50,17): Error: Declaration with [{:extern}] has a ensures clause.
-TestAuditor.dfy(50,17): Error: Declaration with [{:extern}] has a requires clause.
-TestAuditor.dfy(68,17): Error: Declaration with [{:extern}] has a requires clause.
-TestAuditor.dfy(72,19): Error: Function with [{:extern}] attribute.
-TestAuditor.dfy(72,19): Error: Declaration with [{:extern}] has a ensures clause.
-TestAuditor.dfy(95,4): Error: Definition contains [forall] statement with no body.
-TestAuditor.dfy(102,4): Error: Definition contains loop with no body.
-TestAuditor.dfy(128,27): Error: Reads clause has [{:assume_concurrent}] attribute.
-TestAuditor.dfy(128,27): Error: Modifies clause has [{:assume_concurrent}] attribute.
-TestAuditor.dfy(136,2): Error: Definition has [assume] statement in body.
-TestAuditor.dfy(139,2): Error: Definition contains [forall] statement with no body.
-TestAuditor.dfy(143,2): Error: Definition contains loop with no body.
-TestAuditor.dfy(150,2): Error: Assertion has explicit temporary [{:only}] attribute.
-TestAuditor.dfy(154,15): Error: Member has explicit temporary [{:only}] attribute.
-TestAuditor.dfy(164,28): Error: Function with [{:extern}] attribute.
-TestAuditor.dfy(89,27): Error: Trait method calls may not terminate (uses [{:termination false}]).
-Translation was aborted because errors were found
+Translation was aborted because warnings were found and --allow-warnings was not specified
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/server/counterexample_commandline.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/server/counterexample_commandline.dfy.expect
index 1a0deba5dfa..e13eaa030b7 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/server/counterexample_commandline.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/server/counterexample_commandline.dfy.expect
@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@ counterexample_commandline.dfy(31,20): Error: a postcondition could not be prove
  Temporary variables to describe counterexamples: 
  ghost var counterexampleLoopGuard0 : bool := false;
  counterexample_commandline.dfy(21,8): initial state:
- assume this != null && |this.p| > 0 && |s| > 0 && 1 == |s| && '\U{0002}' == s[0] && 1 == |this.p| && '?' == this.p[0];
+ assume this != null && |this.p| > 0 && |s| > 0 && 1 == |s| && '\0' == s[0] && 1 == |this.p| && '?' == this.p[0];
  counterexample_commandline.dfy(22,22):
- assume this != null && |this.p| > 0 && |s| > 0 && 1 == |s| && '\U{0002}' == s[0] && false == b && 1 == |this.p| && '?' == this.p[0];
+ assume this != null && |this.p| > 0 && |s| > 0 && 1 == |s| && '\0' == s[0] && false == b && 1 == |this.p| && '?' == this.p[0];
  counterexample_commandline.dfy(23,22):
- assume this != null && |this.p| > 0 && |s| > 0 && 1 == |s| && '\U{0002}' == s[0] && false == b && 0 == i && '?' == this.p[0] && 1 == |this.p|;
+ assume this != null && |this.p| > 0 && |s| > 0 && 1 == |s| && '\0' == s[0] && false == b && 0 == i && '?' == this.p[0] && 1 == |this.p|;
  counterexample_commandline.dfy(24,12): after some loop iterations:
- counterexampleLoopGuard0 := this != null && |this.p| > 0 && |s| > 0 && 1 == |s| && '\U{0002}' == s[0] && false == b && 0 == i && '?' == this.p[0] && 1 == |this.p|;
+ counterexampleLoopGuard0 := this != null && |this.p| > 0 && |s| > 0 && 1 == |s| && '\0' == s[0] && false == b && 0 == i && '?' == this.p[0] && 1 == |this.p|;
  
 counterexample_commandline.dfy(18,22): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/stdlibs/StandardLibraries.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/stdlibs/StandardLibraries.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d2d31cd8d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/stdlibs/StandardLibraries.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Unsupported:\ Cannot\ emit\ literal\ expression\ 0\ outside\ of\ expression\ context:\ Microsoft_dDafny_dCompilers_dBuilderSyntaxTree'1\[Microsoft_dDafny_dCompilers_dStatementContainer]</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/GeneralTraitsCompile.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/GeneralTraitsCompile.dfy
index d07e96f64f7..05baf25a0ba 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/GeneralTraitsCompile.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/GeneralTraitsCompile.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s" -- --general-traits=full --type-system-refresh
+// RUN: %testDafnyForEachCompiler --refresh-exit-code=0 "%s" -- --general-traits=full --type-system-refresh=true
 
 method Main() {
   Tests.Test();
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/GeneralTraitsCompile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/GeneralTraitsCompile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/GeneralTraitsCompile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/NonReferenceTraitsCompile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/NonReferenceTraitsCompile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/NonReferenceTraitsCompile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy.expect
index 8391abdb033..6e76a955be6 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy.expect
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(33,13): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(37,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(35,22): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(43,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(42,16): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(49,13): Error: the function must provide an equal or more permissive precondition than in its parent trait
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(56,4): Error: the method must provide an equal or more detailed postcondition than in its parent trait
-NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(103,13): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(107,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(105,22): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(113,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(112,16): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(119,13): Error: the function must provide an equal or more permissive precondition than in its parent trait
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(126,4): Error: the method must provide an equal or more detailed postcondition than in its parent trait
-NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(173,13): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
+NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(177,6): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(175,22): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(183,4): Error: a postcondition could not be proved on this return path
 NonReferenceTraitsVerify.dfy(182,16): Related location: this is the postcondition that could not be proved
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitCompile.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitCompile.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitCompile.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitExample.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitExample.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitExample.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitVerify.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitVerify.dfy
index 1c3f3b90bdf..a2a7c4b97c8 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitVerify.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitVerify.dfy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// RUN: %exits-with 4 %build "%s" > "%t"
+// RUN: %exits-with 4 %verify "%s" > "%t"
 // RUN: %diff "%s.expect" "%t"
 
 trait Tr<X> { }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/Traits-Fields.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/Traits-Fields.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/Traits-Fields.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitsMultipleInheritance.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitsMultipleInheritance.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/traits/TraitsMultipleInheritance.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Arrays.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Arrays.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8387e57c199
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Arrays.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Arrays.dfy(493,5): Error: Feature not supported for this compilation target: Multi-dimensional arrays
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Collections.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Collections.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1132949004e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Collections.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK: .*<i>Cannot\ assign\ null\ value\ to\ variable</i>.*
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/CompileWithArguments.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/CompileWithArguments.dfy
index 3a288777615..14547a9a51e 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/CompileWithArguments.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/CompileWithArguments.dfy
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@
 // RUN: %baredafny run %args --allow-deprecation --unicode-char false --no-verify --target:js "%s" -- Javascript 2 >> "%t"
 // RUN: %run --no-verify --allow-deprecation --unicode-char false --target py "%s" Python 1 >> "%t"
 // RUN: %run --no-verify --allow-deprecation --unicode-char false --target go "%s" "Go go" 1 >> "%t"
-// RUN: %baredafny build %args --allow-deprecation --unicode-char false --no-verify --target:cs "%s" --output:%s.dll
-// RUN: dotnet %s.dll "dotnet" "howdy" >> "%t"
-// RUN: dotnet %s.dll "dotnet" "hello" >> "%t"
-// RUN: dotnet %s.dll "dotnet" "aloha" >> "%t"
+// RUN: %baredafny build %args --allow-deprecation --unicode-char false --no-verify --target:cs "%s" --output:%S/Output/CompileWithArgument.dll
+// RUN: dotnet %S/Output/CompileWithArgument.dll "dotnet" "howdy" >> "%t"
+// RUN: dotnet %S/Output/CompileWithArgument.dll "dotnet" "hello" >> "%t"
+// RUN: dotnet %S/Output/CompileWithArgument.dll "dotnet" "aloha" >> "%t"
 // RUN: %baredafny build %args --allow-deprecation --unicode-char false --no-verify --target:js "%s" --output=%s.js
 // RUN: node %s.js "javascript" 2 >> "%t"
 // RUN: node %s.js "javascript" 1 >> "%t"
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Comprehensions.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Comprehensions.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..323dbedbafa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Comprehensions.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.InvalidOperationException: Operation is not valid due to the current state of the object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/ExternJavaString.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/ExternJavaString.dfy
index 16585c64c99..449d2040a16 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/ExternJavaString.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/ExternJavaString.dfy
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ class {:extern "java.lang.String"} JavaString {
 
 // Note, the following has to be a method, not a function, because the reference it
 // returns is not determined functionally from the input argument.
-method {:extern "Util.Conversions", "ToJavaString"} ToJavaString(s: string) returns (js: JavaString)
+method {:axiom} {:extern "Util.Conversions", "ToJavaString"} ToJavaString(s: string) returns (js: JavaString)
   ensures js.value == s
 
 // The conversion this way can be a function.
-function {:extern "dafny.DafnySequence", "asString"} ToDafnyString(js: JavaString): string
+function {:axiom} {:extern "dafny.DafnySequence", "asString"} ToDafnyString(js: JavaString): string
   ensures ToDafnyString(js) == js.value
 
-method {:extern "dafny.ExternJavaString", "getStringFromFile"} GetStringFromFile() returns (js: JavaString)
+method {:axiom} {:extern "dafny.ExternJavaString", "getStringFromFile"} GetStringFromFile() returns (js: JavaString)
 
 method Main() {
   var js := GetStringFromFile();
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/NativeNumbers.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/NativeNumbers.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/NativeNumbers.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Numbers.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Numbers.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fbb03b77111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/comp/Numbers.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: Unhandled exception: System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/git-issues/github-issue-2928.dfy.rs.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/git-issues/github-issue-2928.dfy.rs.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d59836f7d8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/unicodecharsFalse/git-issues/github-issue-2928.dfy.rs.check
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// CHECK-L: error[E0308]: mismatched types
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/Inputs/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/Inputs/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.check
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f44eb680a92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/Inputs/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.check
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+CHECK: Verified 0/2 symbols. Waiting for f to verify.
+CHECK: Verified part #0, 1/10 of f, on line 5, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #1, 2/10 of f, on line 5, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #2, 3/10 of f, on line 5, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #3, 4/10 of f, on line 5, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #4, 5/10 of f, on line 5, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #5, 6/10 of f, on line 5, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #6, 7/10 of f, on line 5, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #7, 8/10 of f, on line 5, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #8, 9/10 of f, on line 5, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #9, 10/10 of f, on line 5, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified 1/2 symbols. Waiting for L to verify.
+CHECK: Verified part #0, 1/8 of L, on line 9, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #1, 2/8 of L, on line 10, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #2, 3/8 of L, on line 10, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #3, 4/8 of L, on line 10, ran out of resources \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #4, 5/8 of L, on line 11, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #5, 6/8 of L, on line 12, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #6, 7/8 of L, on line 12, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+CHECK: Verified part #7, 8/8 of L, on line 12, ran out of resources
+outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy\(10,18\): Error: Verification out of resource \(L\)
+outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy\(12,18\): Error: Verification out of resource \(L\)
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 18 verified, 0 errors, 2 out of resource
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/Inputs/progressSecondSequence.check b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/Inputs/progressSecondSequence.check
index 2884ac1aaa9..d0b202595a1 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/Inputs/progressSecondSequence.check
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/Inputs/progressSecondSequence.check
@@ -1,12 +1,7 @@
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 1/3 of Foo, on line 6, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 2/3 of Foo, on line 8, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 3/3 of Foo, on line 9, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 2.8E+003 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 1/2 of Faz, on line 12, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 2/2 of Faz, on line 12, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 1/2 of Fopple, on line 14, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 2/2 of Fopple, on line 14, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 1/3 of Burp, on line 16, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 2/3 of Burp, on line 18, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 3/3 of Burp, on line 19, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 2.8E+003 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 1/2 of Blanc, on line 22, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 2/2 of Blanc, on line 22, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
+// CHECK:Verified part #0, 1/2 of Foo, on line 8, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+// CHECK:Verified part #1, 2/2 of Foo, on line 9, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+// CHECK:Verified part #0, 1/1 of Faz, on line 12, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+// CHECK:Verified part #0, 1/1 of Fopple, on line 14, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+// CHECK:Verified part #0, 1/2 of Burp, on line 18, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+// CHECK:Verified part #1, 2/2 of Burp, on line 19, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+// CHECK:Verified part #0, 1/1 of Blanc, on line 22, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/isolate-assertions.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/isolate-assertions.dfy
index ac8fab24ac5..9fdfcd621bd 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/isolate-assertions.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/isolate-assertions.dfy
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-// RUN: %verify --progress --cores=1 %s &> %t.raw
-// RUN: %sed 's/taking \d*ms/redacted/g' %t.raw > %t
+// RUN: %verify --progress --cores=1 %s &> %t
 // RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%t" "%s"
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 1/3 of Foo, on line 10, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 2/3 of Foo, on line 11, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 3/3 of Foo, on line 12, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 2.8E+003 resources
-// CHECK-L:Verified 1/2 symbols. Waiting for Bar to verify.
-// CHECK-L:Verification part 1/1 of Bar, on line 15, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
+// CHECK:Verified part #0, 1/2 of Foo, on line 9, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+// CHECK:Verified part #1, 2/2 of Foo, on line 10, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
+// CHECK:Verified 1/2 symbols. Waiting for Bar to verify.
+// CHECK:Verified part #0, 1/1 of Bar, on line 13, verified successfully \(time: .*, resource count: .*\)
 
 method {:isolate_assertions} Foo() {
   assert true;
@@ -15,4 +13,4 @@ method {:isolate_assertions} Foo() {
 method Bar() {
   assert true;
   assert true;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/isolate-assertions.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/isolate-assertions.dfy.expect
deleted file mode 100644
index 66919320ee4..00000000000
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/isolate-assertions.dfy.expect
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-Verified 0/2 symbols. Waiting for Foo to verify.
-Verification part 1/3 of Foo, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-Verification part 2/3 of Foo, on line 6, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-Verification part 3/3 of Foo, on line 7, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 2.8E+003 resources
-Verified 1/2 symbols. Waiting for Bar to verify.
-Verification part 1/1 of Bar, on line 10, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-
-Dafny program verifier finished with 4 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy
index 099fea64ca0..89b2e46ac9b 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-// RUN: ! %verify --isolate-assertions --cores=1 --progress "%s" &> %t.raw
-// RUN: %sed 's/taking \d*ms/redacted/g' %t.raw > %t
-// RUN: %diff "%s.expect" %t
+// RUN: ! %verify --isolate-assertions --cores=1 --progress "%s" &> "%t"
+// RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%t" "%S/Inputs/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.check"
+
 
 ghost function f(i:nat, j:nat):int {if i == 0 then 0 else f(i - 1, i * j + 1) + f(i - 1, 2 * i * j)}
 
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy.expect
deleted file mode 100644
index 312e7ad0ed3..00000000000
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy.expect
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-Verified 0/2 symbols. Waiting for f to verify.
-Verification part 1/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 9.5E+002 resources
-Verification part 2/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 6.2E+003 resources
-Verification part 3/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 6.7E+003 resources
-Verification part 4/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 6.6E+003 resources
-Verification part 5/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 5.8E+003 resources
-Verification part 6/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 5.8E+003 resources
-Verification part 7/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 5.8E+003 resources
-Verification part 8/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 7.8E+003 resources
-Verification part 9/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 6.0E+003 resources
-Verification part 10/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 6.0E+003 resources
-Verification part 11/11 of f, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 6.0E+003 resources
-Verified 1/2 symbols. Waiting for L to verify.
-Verification part 1/9 of L, on line 7, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-Verification part 2/9 of L, on line 9, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 5.6E+003 resources
-Verification part 3/9 of L, on line 10, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 5.7E+003 resources
-Verification part 4/9 of L, on line 10, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 6.0E+003 resources
-Verification part 5/9 of L, on line 10, ran out of resources, redacted and consuming 1.0E+007 resources
-Verification part 6/9 of L, on line 11, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 5.4E+003 resources
-Verification part 7/9 of L, on line 12, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 5.5E+003 resources
-Verification part 8/9 of L, on line 12, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 6.8E+003 resources
-Verification part 9/9 of L, on line 12, ran out of resources, redacted and consuming 1.0E+007 resources
-outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy(10,18): Error: Verification out of resource (L)
-outOfResourceAndIsolateAssertions.dfy(12,18): Error: Verification out of resource (L)
-
-Dafny program verifier finished with 18 verified, 0 errors, 2 out of resource
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/progress.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/progress.dfy
index 2e84fdaed13..dc479d31aaf 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/progress.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/progress.dfy
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// RUN: %verify --progress --isolate-assertions --cores=1 %s > %t.raw
-// RUN: %sed 's/taking \d*ms/redacted/g' %t.raw > %t
+// RUN: %verify --progress --isolate-assertions --cores=1 %s > %t
 // RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check %t "%S/Inputs/progressFirstSequence.check"
 // RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check %t "%S/Inputs/progressSecondSequence.check"
 
+
 method Foo() 
 {
   assert true;
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ method Burp()
   assert true;
 }
 
-method Blanc() ensures true { }
\ No newline at end of file
+method Blanc() ensures true { }
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/progress.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/progress.dfy.expect
deleted file mode 100644
index 3110aa5d723..00000000000
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/verification/progress.dfy.expect
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-Verified 0/5 symbols. Waiting for Foo to verify.
-Verification part 1/3 of Foo, on line 5, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-Verification part 2/3 of Foo, on line 7, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-Verification part 3/3 of Foo, on line 8, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 2.8E+003 resources
-Verified 1/5 symbols. Waiting for Faz to verify.
-Verification part 1/2 of Faz, on line 11, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-Verification part 2/2 of Faz, on line 11, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-Verified 2/5 symbols. Waiting for Fopple to verify.
-Verification part 1/2 of Fopple, on line 13, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-Verification part 2/2 of Fopple, on line 13, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-Verified 3/5 symbols. Waiting for Burp to verify.
-Verification part 1/3 of Burp, on line 15, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-Verification part 2/3 of Burp, on line 17, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-Verification part 3/3 of Burp, on line 18, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 2.8E+003 resources
-Verified 4/5 symbols. Waiting for Blanc to verify.
-Verification part 1/2 of Blanc, on line 21, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 8.7E+002 resources
-Verification part 2/2 of Blanc, on line 21, verified successfully, redacted and consuming 3.1E+003 resources
-
-Dafny program verifier finished with 12 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/vstte2012/BreadthFirstSearch.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/vstte2012/BreadthFirstSearch.dfy.expect
index 5436a7e7dc4..e352fc10535 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/vstte2012/BreadthFirstSearch.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/vstte2012/BreadthFirstSearch.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 164 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 142 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/vstte2012/Tree.dfy.expect b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/vstte2012/Tree.dfy.expect
index 42324885fd1..3b71b05bfb8 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/vstte2012/Tree.dfy.expect
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/vstte2012/Tree.dfy.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
 
-Dafny program verifier finished with 56 verified, 0 errors
+Dafny program verifier finished with 55 verified, 0 errors
diff --git a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/wishlist/GoModule.dfy b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/wishlist/GoModule.dfy
index d6a141edb86..b54e0640d31 100644
--- a/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/wishlist/GoModule.dfy
+++ b/Source/IntegrationTests/TestFiles/LitTests/LitTest/wishlist/GoModule.dfy
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // NONUNIFORM: Go-specific extern test
-// RUN: %exits-with 3 %run --target go "%s" &> "%t"
+// RUN: %exits-with 3 %run --allow-external-contracts --target go "%s" &> "%t"
 // RUN: %OutputCheck --file-to-check "%t" "%s"
 // CHECK: undefined: GoModuleConversions.ParseURL
 
diff --git a/Source/TestDafny/MultiBackendTest.cs b/Source/TestDafny/MultiBackendTest.cs
index 3741df1f1b6..4824d57b296 100644
--- a/Source/TestDafny/MultiBackendTest.cs
+++ b/Source/TestDafny/MultiBackendTest.cs
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ public class ForEachCompilerOptions {
 
   [Option("refresh-exit-code", HelpText = "If present, also run with --type-system-refresh and expect the given exit code.")]
   public int? RefreshExitCode { get; set; } = null;
+
+  [Option("compilers", HelpText = "Test on only the given compilers.")]
+  public string? Compilers { get; set; } = null;
 }
 
 [Verb("features", HelpText = "Print the Markdown content documenting feature support for each compiler.")]
@@ -57,6 +60,10 @@ public class MultiBackendTest {
   private readonly TextWriter output;
   private readonly TextWriter errorWriter;
 
+  private static readonly string? IntegrationTestsRootDir =
+    Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ROOT_DIR");
+  private static readonly bool UpdateTargetExpectFile = DiffCommand.UpdateExpectFile;
+
   public MultiBackendTest(TextReader input, TextWriter output, TextWriter errorWriter) {
     this.input = input;
     this.output = output;
@@ -101,6 +108,14 @@ private async Task<int> ForEachCompiler(ForEachCompilerOptions options) {
     var pluginArguments = pluginParseResult.GetValueForOption(CommonOptionBag.PluginOption);
     var plugins = DafnyOptions.ComputePlugins(new List<Plugin>(), pluginArguments ?? new List<string>());
 
+    string rawCompilerFilter = options.Compilers ??
+                               Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ONLY_COMPILERS")
+                               ?? "";
+    string[] CompilerFilter = rawCompilerFilter
+      .Split(",")
+      .Where(name => name.Trim() != "").ToArray();
+
+
     // First verify the file (and assume that verification should be successful).
     // Older versions of test files that now use %testDafnyForEachCompiler were sensitive to the number
     // of verification conditions (i.e. the X in "Dafny program verifier finished with X verified, 0 errors"),
@@ -120,13 +135,12 @@ private async Task<int> ForEachCompiler(ForEachCompilerOptions options) {
       $"--print:{tmpDPrint}",
       options.OtherArgs.Any(option => option.StartsWith("--print")) ? "" : $"--rprint:{tmpRPrint}",
       $"--bprint:{tmpPrint}"
-    }.Concat(DafnyCliTests.NewDefaultArgumentsForTesting).
-      Concat(options.OtherArgs.Where(OptionAppliesToVerifyCommand)).ToArray();
+    }.Concat(DafnyCliTests.NewDefaultArgumentsForTesting).ToArray();
 
     var resolutionOptions = new List<ResolutionSetting>() {
       new ResolutionSetting(
         "legacy",
-        new string[] { },
+        new string[] { "--type-system-refresh=false", "--general-traits=legacy", "--general-newtypes=false" },
         new string[] { ".verifier.expect" },
         0)
     };
@@ -143,7 +157,11 @@ private async Task<int> ForEachCompiler(ForEachCompilerOptions options) {
     foreach (var resolutionOption in resolutionOptions) {
       await output.WriteLineAsync($"Using {resolutionOption.ReadableName} resolver and verifying...");
 
-      var (exitCode, outputString, error) = await RunDafny(options.DafnyCliPath, dafnyArgs.Concat(resolutionOption.AdditionalOptions));
+      var arguments = dafnyArgs
+        .Concat(resolutionOption.AdditionalOptions)
+        .Concat(options.OtherArgs.Where(OptionAppliesToVerifyCommand))
+        .ToArray();
+      var (exitCode, outputString, error) = await RunDafny(options.DafnyCliPath, arguments);
 
       // If there is a file with extension "suffix", where the alternatives for "suffix" are supplied in order in
       // ExpectFileSuffixes, then we expect the output to match the contents of that file. Otherwise, we expect the output to be empty.
@@ -184,23 +202,23 @@ await output.WriteLineAsync(
     var success = true;
     foreach (var plugin in plugins) {
       foreach (var compiler in plugin.GetCompilers(DafnyOptions.Default)) {
-        if (!compiler.IsStable) {
-          // Some tests still fail when using the lib back-end, for example due to disallowed assumptions being present in the test,
-          // Such as empty constructors with ensures clauses, generated from iterators
+        if (!compiler.IsStable || CompilerFilter.Any() && !CompilerFilter.Contains(compiler.TargetId)) {
           continue;
         }
 
         // Check for backend-specific exceptions (because of known bugs or inconsistencies)
         var expectedOutput = commonExpectedOutput;
         string? checkFile = null;
-        var expectFileForBackend = $"{options.TestFile}.{compiler.TargetId}.expect";
+        var expectFileForBackend = ExpectFileForBackend(options, compiler);
         if (File.Exists(expectFileForBackend)) {
           expectedOutput = await File.ReadAllTextAsync(expectFileForBackend);
         }
 
-        var checkFileForBackend = $"{options.TestFile}.{compiler.TargetId}.check";
+        var checkFileForBackend = CheckFileForBackend(options, compiler);
         if (File.Exists(checkFileForBackend)) {
           checkFile = checkFileForBackend;
+        } else if (GetSourceCheckFile(checkFileForBackend, out var originalCheckFile)) {
+          checkFile = originalCheckFile;
         }
 
         var result = await RunWithCompiler(options, compiler, expectedOutput, checkFile);
@@ -230,6 +248,25 @@ await output.WriteLineAsync(
     return -1;
   }
 
+  private static bool GetSourceCheckFile(string checkFileForBackend, out string originalCheckFile) {
+    if (IntegrationTestsRootDir is var x && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(x)
+        && Path.Combine(x, checkFileForBackend) is var s && File.Exists(s)) {
+      originalCheckFile = s;
+      return true;
+    } else {
+      originalCheckFile = "";
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static string CheckFileForBackend(ForEachCompilerOptions options, IExecutableBackend compiler) {
+    return $"{options.TestFile}.{compiler.TargetId}.check";
+  }
+
+  private static string ExpectFileForBackend(ForEachCompilerOptions options, IExecutableBackend compiler) {
+    return $"{options.TestFile}.{compiler.TargetId}.expect";
+  }
+
   public async Task<int> ForEachResolver(ForEachResolverOptions options) {
     // We also use --(r|b)print to catch bugs with valid but unprintable programs.
     string fileName = Path.GetFileName(options.TestFile!);
@@ -244,19 +281,25 @@ public async Task<int> ForEachResolver(ForEachResolverOptions options) {
       $"--print:{tmpDPrint}",
       options.OtherArgs.Any(option => option.StartsWith("--print")) ? "" : $"--rprint:{tmpRPrint}",
       $"--bprint:{tmpPrint}"
-    }.Concat(DafnyCliTests.NewDefaultArgumentsForTesting).Concat(options.OtherArgs.Where(OptionAppliesToVerifyCommand)).ToArray();
+    }.Concat(DafnyCliTests.NewDefaultArgumentsForTesting).ToArray();
 
     var resolutionOptions = new List<ResolutionSetting>() {
-      new("legacy", new string[] { }, new string[] { ".expect" },
+      new("legacy", new string[] { "--type-system-refresh=false", "--general-traits=legacy", "--general-newtypes=false" },
+        new string[] { ".expect" },
         options.ExpectExitCode ?? 0),
-      new("refresh", new string[] { "--type-system-refresh" }, new string[] { ".refresh.expect", ".expect" },
+      new("refresh", new string[] { "--type-system-refresh" },
+        new string[] { ".refresh.expect", ".expect" },
         options.RefreshExitCode ?? options.ExpectExitCode ?? 0)
     };
 
     foreach (var resolutionOption in resolutionOptions) {
       await output.WriteLineAsync($"Using {resolutionOption.ReadableName} resolver and verifying...");
 
-      var (exitCode, actualOutput, error) = await RunDafny(options.DafnyCliPath, dafnyArgs.Concat(resolutionOption.AdditionalOptions));
+      var arguments = dafnyArgs
+        .Concat(resolutionOption.AdditionalOptions)
+        .Concat(options.OtherArgs.Where(OptionAppliesToVerifyCommand))
+        .ToArray();
+      var (exitCode, actualOutput, error) = await RunDafny(options.DafnyCliPath, arguments);
 
       // The expected output is indicated by a file with extension "suffix", where the alternatives for "suffix" are supplied in order in
       // ExpectFileSuffixes.
@@ -305,7 +348,8 @@ private static bool OptionAppliesToVerifyCommand(string option) {
     return !compileOptions.Contains(name);
   }
 
-  private async Task<int> RunWithCompiler(ForEachCompilerOptions options, IExecutableBackend backend, string expectedOutput, string? checkFile, bool includeRuntime = true) {
+  private async Task<int> RunWithCompiler(ForEachCompilerOptions options, IExecutableBackend backend, string expectedOutput,
+    string? checkFile, bool includeRuntime = true) {
     await output.WriteAsync($"Executing on {backend.TargetName}");
     if (!includeRuntime) {
       await output.WriteAsync(" (with --include-runtime:false)");
@@ -316,15 +360,18 @@ private async Task<int> RunWithCompiler(ForEachCompilerOptions options, IExecuta
     // The path will be something like "<user temp directory>/<random name>/<random name>"
     // to ensure that all artifacts are put in a dedicated directory,
     // which just "<user temp directory>/<random name>" would not.
-    var randomName = Path.ChangeExtension(Path.GetRandomFileName(), null);
-    var tempOutputDirectory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), randomName, randomName);
+    var randomDirectory = Path.ChangeExtension(Path.GetRandomFileName(), null);
+    var randomFilename = Path.ChangeExtension(Path.GetRandomFileName(), null);
+    // Attempts at making this path longer will likely crash javac on Windows with issues like "path too long"
+    var tempOutputDirectory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), randomDirectory);
     Directory.CreateDirectory(tempOutputDirectory);
 
     IEnumerable<string> dafnyArgs = new List<string> {
       "run",
       "--no-verify",
+      "--emit-uncompilable-code",
       $"--target:{backend.TargetId}",
-      $"--build:{tempOutputDirectory}",
+      $"--build:{Path.Combine(tempOutputDirectory, randomFilename)}",
       options.TestFile!,
     }.Concat(DafnyCliTests.NewDefaultArgumentsForTesting).Concat(options.OtherArgs);
     if (!includeRuntime) {
@@ -336,21 +383,62 @@ private async Task<int> RunWithCompiler(ForEachCompilerOptions options, IExecuta
       var libPath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
       var runtimePath = Path.Join(libPath, "DafnyRuntime.dll");
       dafnyArgs = dafnyArgs.Concat(new[] { "--include-runtime:false", "--input", runtimePath });
+      Directory.Delete(tempOutputDirectory);
+    }
+
+    int exitCode;
+    string outputString;
+    string error;
+    try {
+      (exitCode, outputString, error) = await RunDafny(options.DafnyCliPath, dafnyArgs);
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      // When DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_IN_PROCESS is set to true, Dafny runs in the same process
+      // so we catch the exception manually
+      (exitCode, outputString, error) = (3, "", e.ToString());
     }
 
-    var (exitCode, outputString, error) = await RunDafny(options.DafnyCliPath, dafnyArgs);
     var compilationOutputPrior = new Regex("\r?\nDafny program verifier[^\r\n]*\r?\n").Match(outputString);
     if (compilationOutputPrior.Success) {
       outputString = outputString.Remove(0, compilationOutputPrior.Index + compilationOutputPrior.Length);
     }
 
+    var diffMessage = exitCode == 0 ? AssertWithDiff.GetDiffMessage(expectedOutput, outputString) : null;
+    if (checkFile == null && exitCode != 0) {
+      if (UpdateTargetExpectFile && backend.TargetName != "dfy") {
+        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(IntegrationTestsRootDir)) {
+          await output.WriteLineAsync(
+            "DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_UPDATE_EXPECT_FILE is true but DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ROOT_DIR is not set");
+        } else {
+          return await UpdateBackendCheckFile(options, backend, expectedOutput, outputString, error, exitCode, false);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     if (exitCode == 0) {
-      var diffMessage = AssertWithDiff.GetDiffMessage(expectedOutput, outputString);
       if (diffMessage == null) {
+        if (checkFile != null) {
+          // The test now works, we delete the check file
+          if (UpdateTargetExpectFile) {
+            if ((IntegrationTestsRootDir ?? "") == "") {
+              await output.WriteLineAsync(
+                "DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_UPDATE_EXPECT_FILE is true but DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ROOT_DIR is not set");
+            } else {
+              var sourcePath = Path.Join(IntegrationTestsRootDir,
+                CheckFileForBackend(options, backend));
+              File.Delete(sourcePath);
+            }
+          }
+        }
         return 0;
       }
 
       await output.WriteLineAsync(diffMessage);
+      if (backend.IsInternal) {
+        await output.WriteLineAsync(
+          $"(non-blocking) The {backend.TargetName} code generator is internal. Not having a '*.{backend.TargetId}.check' file is acceptable for now.");
+        return 0;
+      }
+
       return 1;
     }
 
@@ -358,6 +446,10 @@ private async Task<int> RunWithCompiler(ForEachCompilerOptions options, IExecuta
     if (error == "" && OnlyAllowedOutputLines(backend, outputString)) {
       return 0;
     }
+    // If we hit errors, check for known unsupported features or bugs for this compilation target
+    if (outputString == "" && OnlyAllowedOutputLines(backend, error)) {
+      return 0;
+    }
 
     if (checkFile != null) {
       var outputLines = new List<string>();
@@ -367,13 +459,38 @@ private async Task<int> RunWithCompiler(ForEachCompilerOptions options, IExecuta
       var checkDirectives = OutputCheckCommand.ParseCheckFile(checkFile);
       var checkResult = OutputCheckCommand.Execute(errorWriter, outputLines, checkDirectives);
       if (checkResult != 0) {
-        await output.WriteLineAsync($"OutputCheck on {checkFile} failed:");
-        await output.WriteLineAsync("Error:");
+        await output.WriteLineAsync($"OutputCheck on {checkFile} failed. Output was:");
+        await output.WriteLineAsync(string.Join("\n", outputLines));
+
+        if (UpdateTargetExpectFile) {
+          if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(IntegrationTestsRootDir)) {
+            await output.WriteLineAsync(
+              "DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_UPDATE_EXPECT_FILE is true but DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_ROOT_DIR is not set");
+          } else {
+            return await UpdateBackendCheckFile(options, backend, expectedOutput, outputString, error, exitCode, true);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (backend.IsInternal && checkResult != 0) {
+        await output.WriteLineAsync(
+          $"(non-blocking) The {backend.TargetName} code generator is internal. An unmatched '*.{backend.TargetId}.check' file is acceptable for now.");
+        return 0;
       }
 
       return checkResult;
     }
 
+
+    if (backend.IsInternal) {
+      await output.WriteLineAsync($"(non-blocking) Execution failed for the internal {backend.TargetName} code generator, for reasons other than known unsupported features. Output:");
+      await output.WriteLineAsync(outputString);
+      await output.WriteLineAsync("Error:");
+      await output.WriteLineAsync(error);
+      await output.WriteLineAsync(
+        $"The {backend.TargetName} code generator is internal. An unmatched '*.{backend.TargetId}.check' file is acceptable for now.");
+      return 0;
+    }
     await output.WriteLineAsync("Execution failed, for reasons other than known unsupported features. Output:");
     await output.WriteLineAsync(outputString);
     await output.WriteLineAsync("Error:");
@@ -381,6 +498,60 @@ private async Task<int> RunWithCompiler(ForEachCompilerOptions options, IExecuta
     return exitCode;
   }
 
+  private async Task<int> UpdateBackendCheckFile(ForEachCompilerOptions options, IExecutableBackend backend,
+    string expectedOutput, string outputString, string error, int exitCode, bool expectedCheckFile) {
+    var sourcePath = Path.Join(IntegrationTestsRootDir,
+      CheckFileForBackend(options, backend));
+    // outputString == error iff something crashed
+    var contentCheck = outputString == error ? outputString.Trim() : (outputString + "\n" + error).Trim();
+    var checkOutput = "";
+    var shouldSuffice = true;
+    if (contentCheck == "") {
+      shouldSuffice = false;
+      checkOutput = string.Join("\n",
+        expectedOutput.Split("\n").Select(line => "// CHECK-NOT: " + line));
+    } else {
+      // A few heuristics to create the .ext.check files
+      if (new Regex("<i>.*?</i>").Matches(contentCheck) is { Count: > 0 } m1) {
+        checkOutput = "// CHECK: .*" + Regex.Escape(m1[0].Value.Trim()) + ".*";
+      } else if (new Regex("<i>.*").Matches(contentCheck) is { Count: > 0 } m2) {
+        checkOutput = "// CHECK: .*" + Regex.Escape(m2[0].Value.Trim()) + ".*";
+      } else if (new Regex("^Unhandled exception.*$", RegexOptions.Multiline).Matches(contentCheck) is { Count: > 0 } m3) {
+        checkOutput = "// CHECK-L: " + m3[0].Value.Trim();
+      } else if (new Regex(@"^(error(?:\[\w+\])?:(?: \w+)*).*$", RegexOptions.Multiline).Matches(contentCheck) is { Count: > 0 } m4) {
+        checkOutput = "// CHECK-L: " + m4[0].Value.Trim();
+      } else {
+        shouldSuffice = false;
+        checkOutput = string.Join("\n",
+          contentCheck.Split("\n")
+            .Where(line => line != "")
+            .Select(line => "// CHECK-L: " + line));
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!File.Exists(sourcePath) || expectedCheckFile) {
+      await File.WriteAllTextAsync(sourcePath, checkOutput);
+      if (shouldSuffice) {
+        await output.WriteLineAsync(
+          $"The new .check file {sourcePath} should capture this error. Please relaunch this test");
+      } else {
+        await output.WriteLineAsync(
+          $"Please modify the new check file {sourcePath} so that it's valid no matter what.");
+      }
+    } else {
+      await output.WriteLineAsync(
+        $"Apparently, the file {sourcePath} already exists so the process isn't going to create one " +
+        $" despite DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_UPDATE_EXPECT_FILE set to true and the file {CheckFileForBackend(options, backend)} not existing.\n" +
+        " To avoid this message, please rebuild the solution (modifying a .cs file or a .dfy can help).");
+    }
+
+    await output.WriteLineAsync(outputString);
+    await output.WriteLineAsync("Error:");
+    await output.WriteLineAsync(error);
+
+    return exitCode;
+  }
+
   public static IList<string> ReadAllLines(string s) {
     var result = new List<string>();
     var reader = new StringReader(s);
@@ -389,7 +560,6 @@ public static IList<string> ReadAllLines(string s) {
     }
     return result;
   }
-
   private static async Task<(int, string, string)> RunDafny(IEnumerable<string> arguments) {
     var outputWriter = new StringWriter();
     var errorWriter = new StringWriter();
@@ -413,6 +583,15 @@ public static IList<string> ReadAllLines(string s) {
   }
 
   private static bool OnlyAllowedOutputLines(IExecutableBackend backend, string output) {
+    var prefixRecoverable = output.IndexOf(typeof(UnsupportedInvalidOperationException).FullName!, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+    if (prefixRecoverable > 0) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    prefixRecoverable = output.IndexOf(typeof(RecoverableUnsupportedFeatureException).FullName!, StringComparison.Ordinal);
+    if (prefixRecoverable > 0) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
     using StringReader sr = new StringReader(output);
     if (output == "") {
       return false;
@@ -449,6 +628,9 @@ private static bool IsAllowedOutputLine(IExecutableBackend backend, string line)
     }
 
     var featureDescription = line[(prefixIndex + UnsupportedFeatureException.MessagePrefix.Length)..];
+    if (featureDescription.IndexOf(RecoverableUnsupportedFeatureException.MessageSuffix) is var i and > 0) {
+      featureDescription = featureDescription[..i];
+    }
     var feature = FeatureDescriptionAttribute.ForDescription(featureDescription);
     if (backend.UnsupportedFeatures.Contains(feature)) {
       return true;
diff --git a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/CpCommand.cs b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/CpCommand.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..add922a2ddf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/CpCommand.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+using System;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Xunit;
+using Xunit.Abstractions;
+using Xunit.Sdk;
+
+namespace XUnitExtensions.Lit {
+  public class CpCommand : ILitCommand {
+
+    private readonly string options;
+    private readonly string fileOrFolder;
+    private readonly string destination;
+
+    private CpCommand(string options, string fileOrFolder, string destination) {
+      this.options = options;
+      this.fileOrFolder = fileOrFolder;
+      this.destination = destination;
+    }
+
+    public static ILitCommand Parse(string[] args) {
+      if (args.Length != 2 && args.Length != 3) {
+        throw new ArgumentException($"Wrong number of arguments for cp, expected 2 or 3 but got {args.Length}: " + string.Join(", ", args));
+      }
+
+      string fileOrFolder;
+      string destination;
+      string options;
+
+      if (args.Length == 2) {
+        options = "";
+        fileOrFolder = args[0];
+        destination = args[1];
+      } else {
+        options = args[0];
+        fileOrFolder = args[1];
+        destination = args[2];
+      }
+      return new CpCommand(options, fileOrFolder, destination);
+    }
+    static void CopyDirectory(string sourceDir, string destinationDir, bool recursive, bool force) {
+      // Get information about the source directory
+      var dir = new DirectoryInfo(sourceDir);
+
+      // Check if the source directory exists
+      if (!dir.Exists)
+        throw new DirectoryNotFoundException($"Source directory not found: {dir.FullName}");
+
+      // Cache directories before we start copying
+      DirectoryInfo[] dirs = dir.GetDirectories();
+
+      // Create the destination directory
+      Directory.CreateDirectory(destinationDir);
+
+      // Get the files in the source directory and copy to the destination directory
+      foreach (FileInfo file in dir.GetFiles()) {
+        string targetFilePath = Path.Combine(destinationDir, file.Name);
+        if (force && File.Exists(targetFilePath)) {
+          File.Delete(targetFilePath);
+        }
+        file.CopyTo(targetFilePath);
+      }
+
+      // If recursive and copying subdirectories, recursively call this method
+      if (recursive) {
+        foreach (DirectoryInfo subDir in dirs) {
+          string newDestinationDir = Path.Combine(destinationDir, subDir.Name);
+          CopyDirectory(subDir.FullName, newDestinationDir, true, force);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    public async Task<int> Execute(TextReader inputReader,
+      TextWriter outputWriter, TextWriter errorWriter) {
+      if (File.Exists(fileOrFolder)) {
+        try {
+          if (File.Exists(destination) && options.Contains('f')) {
+            File.Delete(destination);
+          }
+          File.Copy(fileOrFolder, destination);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+          await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync(e.ToString());
+          return 1;
+        }
+      } else if (Directory.Exists(fileOrFolder)) {
+        try {
+          var actualDestination = Directory.Exists(destination)
+            ? Path.Combine(destination, Path.GetFileName(fileOrFolder))
+            : destination;
+          CopyDirectory(fileOrFolder, actualDestination, options.Contains('r'), options.Contains('f'));
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+          await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync(e.ToString());
+          return 1;
+        }
+      } else {
+        throw new ArgumentException("File or folder " + fileOrFolder + " not found");
+      }
+
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return $"%cp {(options != "" ? options + " " : "")}{fileOrFolder} {destination}";
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/DiffCommand.cs b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/DiffCommand.cs
index fbc0f868936..0fc0d11e4a9 100644
--- a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/DiffCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/DiffCommand.cs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace XUnitExtensions.Lit {
   /// because 'diff' does not exist on Windows.
   /// </summary>
   public class DiffCommand : ILitCommand {
-    public static readonly bool UpdateExpectFile = false;
+    public static readonly bool UpdateExpectFile = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("DAFNY_INTEGRATION_TESTS_UPDATE_EXPECT_FILE") == "true";
 
     public string ExpectedPath { get; }
     public string ActualPath { get; }
diff --git a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/ExitCommand.cs b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/ExitCommand.cs
index ccbd6b8948b..ba119cf6694 100644
--- a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/ExitCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/ExitCommand.cs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+using System.ComponentModel;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
@@ -5,18 +6,27 @@ namespace XUnitExtensions.Lit;
 
 
 public class ExitCommand : ILitCommand {
-  private readonly int expectedExitCode;
+  private readonly string expectedExitCode;
   private readonly ILitCommand operand;
 
-  public ExitCommand(int exitCode, ILitCommand operand) {
+  public ExitCommand(string exitCode, ILitCommand operand) {
     this.expectedExitCode = exitCode;
     this.operand = operand;
   }
 
   public async Task<int> Execute(TextReader inputReader,
     TextWriter outputWriter, TextWriter errorWriter) {
-    var exitCode = await operand.Execute(inputReader, outputWriter, errorWriter);
-    if (exitCode == expectedExitCode) {
+    var exitCode = 1;
+    try {
+      exitCode = await operand.Execute(inputReader, outputWriter, errorWriter);
+    } catch (Win32Exception) {
+      if (expectedExitCode == "-any") {
+      } else {
+        throw;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (expectedExitCode == "-any" || exitCode.ToString() == expectedExitCode) {
       return 0;
     }
 
diff --git a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/LitRunCommand.cs b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/LitRunCommand.cs
index 1281639d27e..7c15266857f 100644
--- a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/LitRunCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/LitRunCommand.cs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ private static ILitCommand ParseArguments(Token[] tokens, LitTestConfiguration c
         return new NotCommand(operand);
       }
       if (tokens[0].Value == "%exits-with") {
-        var ec = Int32.Parse(tokens[1].Value);
+        var ec = tokens[1].Value;
         var operand = ParseArguments(tokens[2..], config);
         return new ExitCommand(ec, operand);
       }
diff --git a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/MvCommand.cs b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/MvCommand.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..8ab0a593516
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/MvCommand.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+using System;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Xunit;
+using Xunit.Abstractions;
+using Xunit.Sdk;
+
+namespace XUnitExtensions.Lit {
+  public class MvCommand : ILitCommand {
+
+    private readonly string fileOrFolder;
+    private readonly string destination;
+
+    private MvCommand(string fileOrFolder, string destination) {
+      this.fileOrFolder = fileOrFolder;
+      this.destination = destination;
+    }
+
+    public static ILitCommand Parse(string[] args) {
+      if (args.Length != 2) {
+        throw new ArgumentException($"Wrong number of arguments for mv, expected 2 but got {args.Length}");
+      }
+      var fileOrFolder = args[0];
+      var destination = args[1];
+
+      return new MvCommand(fileOrFolder, destination);
+    }
+
+    public async Task<int> Execute(TextReader inputReader,
+      TextWriter outputWriter, TextWriter errorWriter) {
+      if (File.Exists(fileOrFolder)) {
+        try {
+          File.Move(fileOrFolder, destination);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+          await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync(e.ToString());
+          return 1;
+        }
+      } else if (Directory.Exists(fileOrFolder)) {
+        try {
+          Directory.Move(fileOrFolder, destination);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+          await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync(e.ToString());
+          return 1;
+        }
+      } else {
+        throw new ArgumentException("File or folder " + fileOrFolder + " not found");
+      }
+
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return $"%mv {fileOrFolder} {destination}";
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/OutputCheckCommand.cs b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/OutputCheckCommand.cs
index be9bd64095d..9a89c5ec9a0 100644
--- a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/OutputCheckCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/OutputCheckCommand.cs
@@ -236,7 +236,8 @@ public static int Execute(TextWriter errorWriter, IEnumerable<string> linesToChe
         } else {
           var enumerator = notCheckingEnumerator ?? lineEnumerator;
           if (!directive.FindMatch(enumerator)) {
-            errorWriter.WriteLine($"ERROR: Could not find a match for {directive}");
+            errorWriter.WriteLine($"ERROR: Could not find any match for {directive}. The output is above.");
+            errorWriter.WriteLine();
             return 1;
           }
 
diff --git a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/RmCommand.cs b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/RmCommand.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6b1cee23842
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/RmCommand.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+using System;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Xunit;
+using Xunit.Abstractions;
+using Xunit.Sdk;
+
+namespace XUnitExtensions.Lit {
+  public class RmCommand : ILitCommand {
+
+    private readonly string options;
+    private readonly string fileOrFolder;
+
+    private RmCommand(string options, string fileOrFolder) {
+      this.options = options;
+      this.fileOrFolder = fileOrFolder;
+    }
+
+    public static ILitCommand Parse(string[] args) {
+      if (args.Length != 1 && args.Length != 2) {
+        throw new ArgumentException($"Wrong number of arguments for rm, expected 1 or 2 but got {args.Length}");
+      }
+
+      string fileOrFolder;
+      string options;
+      if (args.Length == 2) {
+        options = args[0];
+        fileOrFolder = args[1];
+      } else {
+        options = "";
+        fileOrFolder = args[0];
+      }
+
+      return new RmCommand(options, fileOrFolder);
+    }
+    private static void RecursiveDelete(DirectoryInfo baseDir) {
+      if (!baseDir.Exists) {
+        return;
+      }
+
+      foreach (var dir in baseDir.EnumerateDirectories()) {
+        RecursiveDelete(dir);
+      }
+      baseDir.Delete(true);
+    }
+    public async Task<int> Execute(TextReader inputReader,
+      TextWriter outputWriter, TextWriter errorWriter) {
+      if (File.Exists(fileOrFolder)) {
+        try {
+          File.Delete(fileOrFolder);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+          await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync(e.ToString());
+          return 1;
+        }
+      } else if (Directory.Exists(fileOrFolder)) {
+        if (Directory.EnumerateFiles(fileOrFolder).Any()) {
+          if (options == "-rf") {
+            RecursiveDelete(new DirectoryInfo(fileOrFolder));
+          } else {
+            await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync("Directory is not empty. Please supply rm with -rf to force deletion");
+            return 1;
+          }
+        } else {
+          try {
+            Directory.Delete(fileOrFolder);
+          } catch (Exception e) {
+            await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync(e.ToString());
+            return 1;
+          }
+        }
+      } else {
+        await outputWriter.WriteLineAsync($"File or folder {fileOrFolder} not found");
+        return 1;
+      }
+
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    public override string ToString() {
+      return $"%rm {(options != "" ? options + " " : "")}{fileOrFolder}";
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/SedCommand.cs b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/SedCommand.cs
index ecffc218cfd..5cb212cb2c8 100644
--- a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/SedCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/SedCommand.cs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ private SedCommand(string regexp, string replaceBy, string file) {
 
     public static ILitCommand Parse(string[] args) {
       if (args.Length != 2) {
-        throw new ArgumentException($"Wrong number of arguments for sed: {args.Length}");
+        throw new ArgumentException($"Wrong number of arguments for sed, expected 2 but got {args.Length}");
       }
       var regexpReplace = args[0];
       var delimitCharacter = regexpReplace[1];
diff --git a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/ShellLitCommand.cs b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/ShellLitCommand.cs
index 3a3cd052ecc..8f87d3e8bd9 100644
--- a/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/ShellLitCommand.cs
+++ b/Source/XUnitExtensions/Lit/ShellLitCommand.cs
@@ -23,6 +23,12 @@ public async Task<int> Execute(TextReader inputReader,
       TextWriter outputWriter, TextWriter errorWriter) {
       using var process = new Process();
 
+      if (shellCommand.Contains('/') && Path.GetFileName(shellCommand) is var command and ("python3" or "cargo")) {
+        var workingDir = Path.GetDirectoryName(shellCommand);
+        process.StartInfo.WorkingDirectory = workingDir;
+        shellCommand = command;
+      }
+
       process.StartInfo.FileName = shellCommand;
       foreach (var argument in Arguments) {
         process.StartInfo.ArgumentList.Add(argument);
diff --git a/customBoogie.patch b/customBoogie.patch
index 4bb29486f56..7763dd9801c 100644
--- a/customBoogie.patch
+++ b/customBoogie.patch
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ index 4a8b2f89b..a308be9bf 100644
        <PackageReference Include="System.CommandLine" Version="2.0.0-beta4.22272.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="System.Runtime.Numerics" Version="4.3.0" />
        <PackageReference Include="System.Collections.Immutable" Version="1.7.1" />
--      <PackageReference Include="Boogie.ExecutionEngine" Version="3.1.3" />
+-      <PackageReference Include="Boogie.ExecutionEngine" Version="3.2.5" />
 +      <ProjectReference Include="..\..\boogie\Source\ExecutionEngine\ExecutionEngine.csproj" />
 +      <ProjectReference Include="..\..\boogie\Source\BaseTypes\BaseTypes.csproj" />
 +      <ProjectReference Include="..\..\boogie\Source\Core\Core.csproj" />
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Attributes.md b/docs/DafnyRef/Attributes.md
index 60748d37ae3..baf0bbf484b 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/Attributes.md
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Attributes.md
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ using integration with the target language environment.
 Currently, the only way to satisfy this requirement is to ensure that the specification
 of the function or method includes the equivalent of `reads {}` and `modifies {}`.
 This ensures that the code does not read or write any shared mutable state,
-although it is free to write and write newly allocated objects.
+although it is free to read and write newly allocated objects.
 
 ### 11.2.7. `{:extern <name>}` {#sec-extern-method}
 See [`{:extern <name>}`](#sec-extern).
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Expressions.5.expect b/docs/DafnyRef/Expressions.5.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d39f9016fb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Expressions.5.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+text.dfy(2,9): Error: assertion might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Expressions.md b/docs/DafnyRef/Expressions.md
index b3f1f92b245..be5b4c4f603 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/Expressions.md
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Expressions.md
@@ -632,6 +632,7 @@ old(x)
 allocated(x)
 unchanged(x)
 fresh(e)
+assigned(x)
 ```
 
 These expressions are never l-values. They include
@@ -644,6 +645,7 @@ These expressions are never l-values. They include
 - [unchanged expressions](#sec-unchanged-expression)
 - [old expressions](#sec-old-expression)
 - [cardinality expressions](#sec-cardinality-expression)
+- [assigned expressions](#sec-assigned-expression)
 
 ## 9.20. Literal Expressions ([grammar](#g-literal-expression)} {#sec-literal-expression}
 
@@ -1851,7 +1853,53 @@ value for each optional parameter, and must never name
 non-existent formals. Any optional parameter that is not given a value
 takes on the default value declared in the callee for that optional parameter.
 
-## 9.37. Compile-Time Constants {#sec-compile-time-constants}
+## 9.37. Assigned Expressions {#sec-assigned-expression}
+
+Examples:
+<!-- %no-check -->
+```dafny
+assigned(x)
+```
+
+For any variable, constant, out-parameter, or object field `x`,
+the expression `assigned(x)` evaluates to `true` in a state
+if `x` is definitely assigned in that state.
+
+See [Section 12.6](#sec-definite-assignment) for more details on definite assignment.
+
+## 9.38. Termination Ordering Expressions {#sec-termination-ordering-expressions}
+
+When proving that a loop or recursive callable terminates, Dafny
+automatically generates a proof obligation that the sequence of
+expressions listed in a `decreases` clause gets smaller (in the
+[lexicographic termination ordering](#sec-decreases-clause)) with each
+iteration or recursive call. Normally, this proof obligation is purely
+internal. However, it can be written as a Dafny expression using the
+`decreases to` operator.
+
+The Boolean expression `(a, ..., b decreases to a', ..., b')` encodes
+this ordering. For example, the following assertions are valid:
+<!-- %check-verify -->
+```dafny
+method M(x: int, y: int) {
+  assert (1 decreases to 0);
+  assert (true, false decreases to false, true);
+  assert (x, y decreases to x - 1, y);
+}
+```
+
+Conversely, the following assertion is invalid:
+<!-- %check-verify Expressions.5.expect -->
+```dafny
+method M(x: int, y: int) {
+  assert (x decreases to x + 1);
+}
+```
+
+Currently, `decreases to` expressions must be written in parentheses to
+avoid parsing ambiguities.
+
+## 9.39. Compile-Time Constants {#sec-compile-time-constants}
 
 In certain situations in Dafny it is helpful to know what the value of a
 constant is during program analysis, before verification or execution takes
@@ -1892,7 +1940,7 @@ In Dafny, the following expressions are compile-time constants[^CTC], recursivel
 
 [^CTC]: This set of operations that are constant-folded may be enlarged in future versions of `dafny`.
 
-## 9.38. List of specification expressions {#sec-list-of-specification-expressions}
+## 9.40. List of specification expressions {#sec-list-of-specification-expressions}
 
 The following is a list of expressions that can only appear in specification contexts or in ghost blocks.
 
@@ -1900,5 +1948,7 @@ The following is a list of expressions that can only appear in specification con
 * [Allocated expressions](#sec-allocated-expression)
 * [Unchanged expressions](#sec-unchanged-expression)
 * [Old expressions](#sec-old-expression)
+- [Assigned expressions](#sec-assigned-expression)
 * [Assert and calc expressions](#sec-statement-in-an-expression)
 * [Hash Calls](#sec-hash-call)
+* [Termination ordering expression](#sec-termination-ordering-expressions)
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/GrammarDetails.md b/docs/DafnyRef/GrammarDetails.md
index 79d8be47d26..af6ed32b078 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/GrammarDetails.md
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/GrammarDetails.md
@@ -1142,6 +1142,19 @@ CalcOp =
   )
 ````
 
+#### 17.2.6.24. Opaque block {#g-opaque-block}
+
+([discussion](#sec-opaque-block))
+
+````grammar
+OpaqueBlock = "opaque" OpaqueSpec BlockStmt
+  
+OpaqueSpec = {
+  | ModifiesClause(allowLambda: false)
+  | EnsuresClause(allowLambda: false)
+}
+````
+
 ### 17.2.7. Expressions
 
 #### 17.2.7.1. Top-level expression {#g-top-level-expression}
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Options.txt b/docs/DafnyRef/Options.txt
index cac09ed2ed4..7c3402da97a 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/Options.txt
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Options.txt
@@ -180,6 +180,11 @@ Usage: dafny [ option ... ] [ filename ... ]
   /verifyAllModules
       Verify modules that come from an include directive.
   
+  /emitUncompilableCode
+      Allow compilers to emit uncompilable code that usually contain useful
+      information about what feature is missing, rather than
+      stopping on the first problem
+  
   /separateModuleOutput
       Output verification results for each module separately, rather than
       aggregating them after they are all finished.
@@ -443,6 +448,10 @@ Usage: dafny [ option ... ] [ filename ... ]
 
   /loopUnroll:<n>
                 unroll loops, following up to n back edges (and then some)
+                default is -1, which means loops are not unrolled
+  /extractLoops
+                extract reducible loops into recursive procedures and
+                inline irreducible loops using the bound supplied by /loopUnroll:<n>
   /soundLoopUnrolling
                 sound loop unrolling
   /doModSetAnalysis
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Plugins.md b/docs/DafnyRef/Plugins.md
index f2dffc26733..6cb7c29f1df 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/Plugins.md
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Plugins.md
@@ -6,18 +6,19 @@ without concern for verifying or compiling the program. Or it might modify the p
 and then continue on with verification and compilation with the core Dafny tool. A user plugin might also be used
 in the Language Server and thereby be available in the VSCode (or other) IDE.
 
-_ **This is an experimental aspect of Dafny.**
+_**This is an experimental aspect of Dafny.**
 The plugin API directly exposes the Dafny AST, which is constantly evolving.
 Hence, always recompile your plugin against the binary of Dafny that will be importing your plugin._
 
-Plugins are libraries linked to a `Dafny.dll` of the same version as the language server.
+Plugins are libraries linked to a `Dafny.dll` of the same version as the Language Server.
 A plugin typically defines:
 
 * Zero or one class extending `Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins.PluginConfiguration`, which receives plugins arguments in its method `ParseArguments`, and
-  1) Can return a list of `Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins.Rewriter`s when its method `GetRewriters()` is called by Dafny,
-  2) Can return a list of `Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins.Compiler`s when its method `GetCompilers()` is called by Dafny,
-  3) If the configuration extends the subclass `Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Plugins.PluginConfiguration`,
-     then it can return a list of `Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Plugins.DafnyCodeActionProvider`s when its method `GetDafnyCodeActionProviders()` is called by the Dafny Language Server.
+  1. Can return a list of `Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins.Rewriter`s when its method `GetRewriters()` is called by Dafny,
+  2. Can return a list of `Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins.Compiler`s when its method `GetCompilers()` is called by Dafny,
+  3. If the configuration extends the subclass `Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Plugins.PluginConfiguration`:
+      1. Can return a list of `Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Plugins.DafnyCodeActionProvider`s when its method `GetDafnyCodeActionProviders()` is called by the Dafny Language Server.
+      2. Can return a modified version of `OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Server.LanguageServerOptions` when its method `WithPluginHandlers()` is called by the Dafny Language Server.
 
 * Zero or more classes extending `Microsoft.Dafny.Plugins.Rewriter`.
   If a configuration class is provided, it is responsible for instantiating them and returning them in `GetRewriters()`.
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ A plugin typically defines:
   Only a configuration class of type `Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Plugins.PluginConfiguration` can be responsible for instantiating them and returning them in `GetDafnyCodeActionProviders()`.
 
 The most important methods of the class `Rewriter` that plugins override are
+
 * (experimental) `PreResolve(ModuleDefinition)`: Here you can optionally modify the AST before it is resolved.
 * `PostResolve(ModuleDefinition)`: This method is repeatedly called with every resolved and type-checked module, before verification.
   Plugins override this method typically to report additional diagnostics.
@@ -38,11 +40,12 @@ Plugins are typically used to report additional diagnostics such as unsupported
 
 Note that all plugin errors should use the original program's expressions' token and NOT `Token.NoToken`, else no error will be displayed in the IDE.
 
-## 15.1. Code actions plugin tutorial
+## 15.1. Language Server plugin tutorial
+
+In this section, we will create a plugin that enhances the functionality of the Language Server.
+We will start by showing the steps needed to create a plugin, followed by an example implementation that demonstrates how to provide more code actions and add custom request handlers.
 
-In this section, we will create a plugin to provide more code actions to Dafny.
-The code actions will be simple: Add a dummy comment in front of the first method name,
-if the selection is on the line of the method.
+### 15.1.1. Create plugin project
 
 Assuming the Dafny source code is installed in the folder `dafny/`
 start by creating an empty folder next to it, e.g. `PluginTutorial/`
@@ -51,22 +54,33 @@ start by creating an empty folder next to it, e.g. `PluginTutorial/`
 mkdir PluginTutorial
 cd PluginTutorial
 ```
+
 Then, create a dotnet class project
+
 ```bash
 dotnet new classlib
 ```
+
 It will create a file `Class1.cs` that you can rename
+
 ```bash
-mv Class1.cs PluginAddComment.cs
+mv Class1.cs MyPlugin.cs
 ```
+
 Open the newly created file `PluginTutorial.csproj`, and add the following after `</PropertyGroup>`:
+
 ```xml
   <ItemGroup>
     <ProjectReference Include="../dafny/source/DafnyLanguageServer/DafnyLanguageServer.csproj" />
   </ItemGroup>
 ```
+### 15.1.2. Implement plugin
+
+#### 15.1.2.1. Code actions plugin
 
-Then, open the file `PluginAddComment.cs`, remove everything, and write the imports and a namespace:
+This code action plugin will add a code action that allows you to place a dummy comment in front of the first method name, only if the selection is on the line of the method.
+
+Open the file `MyPlugin.cs`, remove everything, and write the imports and a namespace:
 
 ```csharp
 using Microsoft.Dafny;
@@ -76,11 +90,12 @@ using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Language;
 using System.Linq;
 using Range = OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models.Range;
 
-namespace PluginAddComment;
+namespace MyPlugin;
 ```
 
 After that, add a `PluginConfiguration` that will expose all the quickfixers of your plugin.
 This class will be discovered and instantiated automatically by Dafny.
+
 ```csharp
 public class TestConfiguration : PluginConfiguration {
   public override DafnyCodeActionProvider[] GetDafnyCodeActionProviders() {
@@ -88,6 +103,7 @@ public class TestConfiguration : PluginConfiguration {
   }
 }
 ```
+
 Note that you could also override the methods `GetRewriters()` and `GetCompilers()` for other purposes, but this is out of scope for this tutorial.
 
 Then, we need to create the quickFixer `AddCommentDafnyCodeActionProvider` itself:
@@ -102,6 +118,7 @@ public class AddCommentDafnyCodeActionProvider : DafnyCodeActionProvider {
 
 For now, this quick fixer returns nothing. `input` is the program state, and `selection` is where the caret is.
 We replace the return statement with a conditional that tests whether the selection is on the first line:
+
 ```csharp
     var firstTokenRange = input.Program?.GetFirstTopLevelToken()?.GetLspRange();
     if(firstTokenRange != null && firstTokenRange.Start.Line == selection.Start.Line) {
@@ -118,6 +135,7 @@ A `DafnyCodeActionEdit` has a `Range` to remove and some `string` to insert inst
 of the same `DafnyCodeAction` are applied at the same time if selected.
 
 To create a `DafnyCodeAction`, we can either use the easy-to-use `InstantDafnyCodeAction`, which accepts a title and an array of edits:
+
 ```csharp
   return new DafnyCodeAction[] {
     new InstantDafnyCodeAction("Insert comment", new DafnyCodeActionEdit[] {
@@ -127,6 +145,7 @@ To create a `DafnyCodeAction`, we can either use the easy-to-use `InstantDafnyCo
 ```
 
 or we can implement our custom inherited class of `DafnyCodeAction`:
+
 ```csharp
 public class CustomDafnyCodeAction: DafnyCodeAction {
   public Range whereToInsert;
@@ -141,14 +160,72 @@ public class CustomDafnyCodeAction: DafnyCodeAction {
   }
 }
 ```
+
 In that case, we could return:
+
 ```csharp
   return new DafnyCodeAction[] {
     new CustomDafnyCodeAction(firstTokenRange)
   };
 ```
 
+#### 15.1.2.2. Request handler plugin
+
+This request handler plugin enhances the Language Server to support a request with a `TextDocumentIdentifier` as parameter, which will return a `bool` value denoting whether the provided `DocumentUri` has any `LoopStmt`'s in it.
+
+Open the file `MyPlugin.cs`, remove everything, and write the imports and a namespace:
+
+```csharp
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.JsonRpc;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Server;
+using OmniSharp.Extensions.LanguageServer.Protocol.Models;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Plugins;
+using Microsoft.Dafny.LanguageServer.Workspace;
+using MediatR;
+using Microsoft.Dafny;
+
+namespace MyPlugin;
+```
+
+After that, add a `PluginConfiguration` that will add all the request handlers of your plugin.
+This class will be discovered and instantiated automatically by Dafny.
+
+```csharp
+public class TestConfiguration : PluginConfiguration {
+  public override LanguageServerOptions WithPluginHandlers(LanguageServerOptions options) {
+    return options.WithHandler<DummyHandler>();
+  }
+}
+```
+
+Then, we need to create the request handler `DummyHandler` itself:
+
+```csharp
+[Parallel]
+[Method("dafny/request/dummy", Direction.ClientToServer)]
+public record DummyParams : TextDocumentIdentifier, IRequest<bool>;
+
+public class DummyHandler : IJsonRpcRequestHandler<DummyParams, bool> {
+  private readonly IProjectDatabase projects;
+  public DummyHandler(IProjectDatabase projects) {
+    this.projects = projects;
+  }
+  public async Task<bool> Handle(DummyParams request, CancellationToken cancellationToken) {
+    var state = await projects.GetParsedDocumentNormalizeUri(request);
+    if (state == null) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return state.Program.Descendants().OfType<LoopStmt>().Any();
+  }
+}
+```
+
+For more advanced example implementations of request handlers, look at `dafny/Source/DafnyLanguageServer/Handlers/*`.
+
+### 15.1.3. Building plugin
+
 That's it! Now, build your library while inside your folder:
+
 ```bash
 > dotnet build
 ```
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Specifications.2.expect b/docs/DafnyRef/Specifications.2.expect
index 636d76a6761..6d4e1a7fc37 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/Specifications.2.expect
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Specifications.2.expect
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-text.dfy(4,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+text.dfy(4,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
 
 Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Specifications.md b/docs/DafnyRef/Specifications.md
index cce1719cd2f..0c3159bddc1 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/Specifications.md
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Specifications.md
@@ -366,9 +366,9 @@ the decreases clause, the decreases tuple automatically decreases on any
 calls in a non-recursive context.
 
 Though Dafny fixes a well-founded order that it uses when checking
-termination, Dafny does not surface this ordering directly in
-expressions. That is, syntactically, there is no single operator that
-stands for the well-founded ordering.
+termination, Dafny does not normally surface this ordering directly in
+expressions. However, it is possible to write such ordering constraints
+using [`decreases to` expressions](#sec-termination-ordering-expressions).
 
 ### 7.1.4. Framing ([grammar](#g-frame-expression)) {#sec-frame-expression}
 
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.15.expect b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.15.expect
index 90942e24622..a6b281c16d0 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.15.expect
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.15.expect
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-text.dfy(6,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
+text.dfy(6,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i)
 
 Dafny program verifier did not attempt verification
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.16.expect b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.16.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6bbd3b36f5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.16.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+text.dfy(17,10): Error: assertion might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 2 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.3.expect b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.3.expect
index a41c9f26b4a..f267a4c81e9 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.3.expect
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.3.expect
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-text.dfy(12,2): Warning: note, this loop has no body (loop frame: i, a, $Heap)
+text.dfy(12,2): Warning: this loop has no body (loop frame: i, a, $Heap)
 text.dfy(16,11): Error: assertion might not hold
 text.dfy(18,16): Error: assertion might not hold
 
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.8b.expect b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.8b.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7e599dfb192
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.8b.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+text.dfy(6,12): Error: function precondition could not be proved
+text.dfy(3,30): Related location: this proposition could not be proved
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 8 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.md b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.md
index a426a098d92..a47fc45aa9e 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.md
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.md
@@ -179,8 +179,7 @@ a, b.e().f := m() {:attr};
 
 In this case, the right-hand-side must be a method call and the number of
 left-hand sides must match the number of out-parameters of the
-method that is called or there must be just one ``Lhs`` to the left of
-the `:=`, which then is assigned a tuple of the out-parameters.
+method that is called.
 Note that the result of a method call is not allowed to be used as an argument of
 another method call, as if it were an expression.
 
@@ -258,6 +257,38 @@ Note that the syntax
 
 is interpreted as a label in which the user forgot the `label` keyword.
 
+### 8.5.6. Method call with a `by` proof
+
+The purpose of this form of a method call is to seperate the called method's
+precondition and its proof from the rest of the correctness proof of the
+calling method.
+
+<!-- %check-verify Statements.16.expect -->
+```dafny
+opaque predicate P() { true }
+
+lemma ProveP() ensures P() {
+  reveal P();
+}
+
+method M(i: int) returns (r: int)
+  requires P()
+  ensures r == i
+{ r := i; }
+
+method C() {
+  var v := M(1/3) by { // We prove 3 != 0 outside of the by proof
+    ProveP();          // Prove precondtion  
+  }
+  assert v == 0;       // Use postcondition
+  assert P();          // Fails
+}
+```
+
+By placing the call to lemma `ProveP` inside of the by block, we can not use
+`P` after the method call. The well-formedness checks of the arguments to the
+method call are not subject to the separation.
+
 ## 8.6. Update with Failure Statement (`:-`) ([grammar](#g-update-with-failure-statement)) {#sec-update-with-failure-statement}
 
 See the subsections below for examples.
@@ -1931,7 +1962,7 @@ it cannot be verified that `Random` actually satisfies this specification.
 
 To mitigate this situation somewhat, we can define a wrapper function, `Random'`,
 that calls `Random` but in which we can put some run-time checks:
-<!-- %check-resolve -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --allow-external-contracts -->
 ```dafny
 method {:extern} Random(n: nat) returns (r: nat)
 
@@ -2031,7 +2062,7 @@ is not used subsequently.  For example, consider
 ```dafny
 method m(i: int) {
   assert x: i == 0; // Fails
-  assert i == 0; // Fails also because the x: makes the first assertion opaque
+  assert i == 0; // Fails also because the label 'x:' hides the first assertion
 }
 ```
 The first assertion fails. Without the label `x:`, the second would succeed because after a failing assertion, the 
@@ -2099,27 +2130,75 @@ relevant information.
 Section 7 of [http://leino.science/papers/krml276.html](http://leino.science/papers/krml276.html) provides 
 an extended illustration of this technique to make all the dependencies of an `assert` explicit.
 
-### 8.20.3. Revealing function bodies
+### 8.20.3. Hiding and revealing function bodies {#hide-statement}
 
-By default, function bodies are transparent and available for constructing proofs of assertions that use those functions. 
-This can be changed using the `--defaul-function-opacity` commandline flag, or by using the [`:{opaque}`](#sec-opaque) attribute and treat it as an uninterpreted function, whose properties are
-just its specifications.  This action limits the information available to the logical reasoning engine and may make a proof 
-possible where there might be information overload otherwise.
+By default, function bodies are revealed and available for constructing proofs of assertions that use those functions.
+However, if a function body is not necessary for a proof, the runtime of the proof can be improved by hiding that body.
+To do this, use the hide statement. Here's an example:
 
-But then there may be specific instances where the definition of that opaque function is needed. In that situation, the
-body of the function can be _revealed_ using the reveal statement. Here is an example:
-<!-- %check-verify Statements.9.expect -->
+<!-- %check-verify %options --isolate-assertions --type-system-refresh -->
 ```dafny
-opaque function f(i: int): int { i + 1 }
+// We are using the options --isolate-assertions and --type-system-refresh
+method Outer(x: int)
+  requires ComplicatedBody(x) 
+{
+  hide ComplicatedBody; // This hides the body of ComplicatedBody for the remainder of the method.
+  
+  // The body of ComplicatedBody is not needed to prove the requires of Inner
+  var y := Inner(x);
+  
+  // We reveal ComplicatedBody inside the following expression, to prove that we are not dividing by zero
+  var z := (reveal ComplicatedBody; 10 / x);
+}
 
-method m(i: int) {
-  assert f(i) == i + 1;
+method Inner(x: int) returns (r: int)
+  requires ComplicatedBody(x)
+
+predicate ComplicatedBody(x: int) {
+  x != 0 && true // pretend true is complicated 
+}
+```
+
+Here is a larger example that shows the rules for hide and reveal statements when used on functions:
+
+<!-- %check-verify Statements.8b.expect %options --isolate-assertions --type-system-refresh -->
+```dafny
+// We are using the options --isolate-assertions and --type-system-refresh
+predicate P() { true }
+predicate Q(x: bool) requires x
+
+method Foo() {
+  var q1 := Q(hide P; P()); // error, precondition not satisfied
+  var q2 := Q(hide P; reveal P; P()); // no error
+  
+  hide *;
+  
+  var q3 := Q(P()); // error, precondition not satisfied
+  var q4 := Q(reveal P; P()); // no error
+  
+  if (*) {
+    reveal P;
+    assert P();
+  } else {
+    assert P(); // error
+  }
+  reveal P;
+  if (*) {
+    assert P();
+  } else {
+    hide *;
+    assert P(); // error
+  }
+  
+  hide *;
+  if (*) {
+    reveal P;
+  } else {
+    reveal P;
+  }
+  assert P(); // error, since the previous two reveal statements are out of scope
 }
 ```
-Without the [`opaque`] modifier, the assertion is valid; with the modifier it cannot be proved because the body of the
-function is not visible. However if a `reveal f();` statement is inserted before the assertion, the proof succeeds.
-Note that the pseudo-function-call in the `reveal` statement is written without arguments and serves to mark `f` as a function name
-instead of a label.
 
 ### 8.20.4. Revealing constants
 
@@ -2397,4 +2476,27 @@ the expressions is to provide hints to aid Dafny in proving that
 step. As shown in the example, comments can also be used to aid
 the human reader in cases where Dafny can prove the step automatically.
 
+## 8.24. Opaque Block ([grammar](#g-opaque-block)) {#sec-opaque-block}
+As a Dafny sequence of statements grows in length, it can become harder to verify later statements in the block. With each statement, new information can become available, and with each modification of the heap, it becomes more expensive to access information from an older heap version. To reduce the verification complexity of long lists of statements, Dafny users can extract part of this block into a separate method or lemma. However, doing so introduces some boilerplate, which is where opaque blocks come in. They achieve a similar effect on verification performance as extracting code, but without the boilerplate. 
+
+An opaque block is similar to a block statement: it contains a sequence of zero or more statements, enclosed by curly braces. However, an opaque block is preceded by the keyword 'opaque', and may define ensures and modifies clauses before the curly braces. Anything that happens inside the block is invisible to the statements that come after it, unless it is specified by the ensures clause. Here is an example:
+
+<!-- %check-verify Statements.opaqueBlock.expect -->
+```dafny
+method OpaqueBlockUser() returns (x: int)
+  ensures x > 4 
+{
+  x := 1;
+  var y := 1;
+  opaque
+    ensures x > 3 
+  {
+    x := x + y;
+    x := x + 2;
+  }
+  assert x == 4; // error
+  x := x + 1;
+}
+```
 
+By default, the modifies clause of an opaque block is the same as that of the enclosing context. Opaque blocks may be nested.
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.opaqueBlock.expect b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.opaqueBlock.expect
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dd8065e0784
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Statements.opaqueBlock.expect
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+text.dfy(12,11): Error: assertion might not hold
+
+Dafny program verifier finished with 0 verified, 1 error
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/Types.md b/docs/DafnyRef/Types.md
index 008f5b2637b..9bbf61a3135 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/Types.md
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/Types.md
@@ -1294,7 +1294,7 @@ The `-` operator implements a map difference operator. Here the LHS
 is a `map<K,V>` or `imap<K,V>` and the RHS is a `set<K>` (but not an `iset`); the operation removes
 from the LHS all the (key,value) pairs whose key is a member of the RHS set.
 
-To avoid cuasing circular reasoning chains or providing too much informatino that might
+To avoid causing circular reasoning chains or providing too much information that might
 complicate Dafny's prover finding proofs, not all properties of maps are known by the prover by default.
 For example, the following does not prove:
 <!-- %check-verify Types.25.expect -->
@@ -1937,7 +1937,7 @@ Furthermore, for the compiler to be able to make an appropriate choice of
 representation, the constants in the defining expression as shown above must be
 known constants at compile-time. They need not be numeric literals; combinations
 of basic operations and symbolic constants are also allowed as described
-in [Section 9.37](#sec-compile-time-constants).
+in [Section 9.39](#sec-compile-time-constants).
 
 ### 5.7.1. Conversion operations {#sec-conversion}
 
@@ -4210,16 +4210,6 @@ default. To make it ghost, replace the keyword `function` with the two keywords
 (See the [--function-syntax option](#sec-function-syntax) for a description 
 of the migration path for this change in behavior.}
 
-By default, the body of a function is transparent to its users, but
-sometimes it is useful to hide it. Functions (including predicates, function-by-methods, two-state functions, and extreme predicates) may be
-declared opaque using either the `opaque` keyword, or using the `--default-function-opacity` argument. If a function `foo` or `bar` is opaque, then Dafny hides the body of the function,
-so that it can only be seen within its recursive clique (if any),
-or if the programmer specifically asks to see it via the statement `reveal foo(), bar();`.
-
-In that case, only the signature and specification of the method
-is known at its points of use, not its body. The body can be _revealed_ for reasoning
-purposes using the [reveal statment](#sec-reveal-statement).
-
 Like methods, functions can be either _instance_ (which they are by default when declared within a type) or
 _static_ (when the function declaration contains the keyword `static` or is declared in a module).
 An instance function, but not a static function, has an implicit receiver parameter, `this`.  
@@ -4297,22 +4287,13 @@ This means that the run-time evaluation of an expression may have print effects.
 If `--track-print-effects` is enabled, this use of print in a function context
 will be disallowed.
 
-### 6.4.4. Function Transparency {#sec-opaque}
-A function is said to be _transparent_ in a location if the
-body of the function is visible at that point.
-A function is said to be _opaque_ at a location if it is not
-transparent. However the specification of a function
-is always available.
+### 6.4.4. Function Hiding {#sec-opaque}
+A function is said to be _revealed_ at a location if the
+body of the function is visible for verification at that point, otherwise it is considered _hidden_.
 
-A function is usually transparent up to some unrolling level (up to
-1, or maybe 2 or 3). If its arguments are all literals it is
-transparent all the way.
+Functions are revealed by default, but can be hidden using the `hide` statement, which takes either a specific function or a wildcard, to hide all functions. Hiding a function can speed up verification of a proof if the body of that function is not needed for the proof. See the [hide statement](#hide-statement) for more information.
 
-The default transparency of a function can be set with the `--default-function-opacity` commandline flag. By default, the `--default-function-opacity` is transparent.
-The transparency of a function is also affected by
-whether the function was declared with an `opaque` modifier or [`transparent` attribute](#sec-transparent),
-the ([reveal statement](#sec-reveal-statement)),
-and whether it was `reveal`ed in an export set.
+Although mostly made obsolete by the hide statement, a function can also be hidden using the `opaque` keyword, or using the option `default-function-opacity`. Here are the rules regarding those:
 
 Inside the module where the function is declared:
   - If `--default-function-opacity` is set to `transparent` (default), then:
@@ -4328,13 +4309,12 @@ Inside the module where the function is declared:
     - if there is no [`{:transparent}` attribute](#sec-transparent), the function is opaque. However, the body of the function is available inside any callable that depends on this function via an implicitly inserted `reveal` statement, unless the callable has the [`{autoRevealDependencies k}` attribute](#sec-autorevealdependencies) for some natural number `k` which is too low.
     - if there is a [`{:transparent}` attribute](#sec-transparent), then the function is transparent.
 
-
 Outside the module where the function is declared, the function is
   visible only if it was listed in the export set by which the contents
   of its module was imported. In that case, if the function was exported
   with `reveals`, the rules are the same within the importing module as when the function is used inside
   its declaring module. If the function is exported only with `provides` it is
-  always opaque and is not permitted to be used in a reveal statement.
+  always hidden and is not permitted to be used in a reveal statement.
 
 More information about the Boogie implementation of opaquenes is [here](https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/blob/master/docs/Compilation/Boogie.md).
 
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/UserGuide.md b/docs/DafnyRef/UserGuide.md
index 6ad372623c0..04fb92525d0 100644
--- a/docs/DafnyRef/UserGuide.md
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/UserGuide.md
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ These commands are described in [Section 13.6.1](#sec-dafny-commands).
 [^fn-duplicate-files]: Files may be included more than once or both included and listed on the command line. Duplicate inclusions are detected and each file processed only once.
 For the purpose of detecting duplicates, file names are considered equal if they have the same absolute path, compared as case-sensitive strings (regardless of whether the underlying file-system is case sensitive).  Using symbolic links may make the same file have a different absolute path; this will generally cause duplicate declaration errors.
 
-### 13.3.1. Dafny Build Artifacts: the Library Backend and .doo Files {#sec-doo-files}
+### 13.3.1. Dafny Verification Artifacts: the Library Backend and .doo Files {#sec-doo-files}
 
 As of Dafny 4.1, `dafny` now supports outputting a single file containing
 a fully-verified program along with metadata about how it was verified.
@@ -131,6 +131,33 @@ The exact file format is internal and may evolve over time to support additional
 
 Note that the library backend only supports the [newer command-style CLI interface](#sec-dafny-commands).
 
+### 13.3.2. Dafny Translation Artifacts: .dtr Files {#sec-dtr-files}
+
+Some options, such as `--outer-module` or `--optimize-erasable-datatype-wrapper`,
+affect what target language code the same Dafny code is translated to.
+In order to translate Dafny libaries separately from their consuming codebases,
+the translation process for consuming code needs to be aware
+of what options were used when translating the library.
+
+For example, if a library defines a `Foo()` function in an `A` module,
+but `--outer-module org.coolstuff.foolibrary.dafnyinternal` is specified when translating the library to Java,
+then a reference to `A.Foo()` in a consuming Dafny project
+needs to be translated to `org.coolstuff.foolibrary.dafnyinternal.A.Foo()`,
+independently of what value of `--outer-module` is used for the consuming project.
+
+To meet this need,
+`dafny translate` also outputs a `<program-name>-<target id>.dtr` Dafny Translation Record file.
+Like `.doo` files, `.dtr` files record all the relevant options that were used,
+in this case relevant to translation rather than verification.
+These files can be provided to future calls to `dafny translate` using the `--translation-record` option,
+in order to provide the details of how various libraries provided with the `--library` flag were translated.
+
+Currently `--outer-module` is the only option recorded in `.dtr` files,
+but more relevant options will be added in the future.
+A later version of Dafny will also require `.dtr` files that cover all modules
+that are defined in `--library` options,
+to support checking that all relevant options are compatible.
+
 ## 13.4. Dafny Standard Libraries
 
 As of Dafny 4.4, the `dafny` tool includes standard libraries that any Dafny code base can depend on.
@@ -825,10 +852,11 @@ Here's an example of a Dafny project file:
 includes = ["src/**/*.dfy"]
 excludes = ["**/ignore.dfy"]
 
+base = ["../commonOptions.dfyconfig.toml"]
+
 [options]
 enforce-determinism = true
 warn-shadowing = true
-default-function-opacity = "Opaque"
 ```
 
 - At most one `.toml` file may be named on the command-line; when using the command-line no `.toml` file is used by default.
@@ -840,6 +868,8 @@ The `excludes` does not remove any files that are listed explicitly on the comma
 - Options specified on the command-line take precedence over any specified in the project file, no matter the order of items on the command-line.
 - When using a Dafny IDE based on the `dafny server` command, the IDE will search for project files by traversing up the file tree looking for the closest `dfyconfig.toml` file to the dfy being parsed that it can find. Options from the project file will override options passed to `dafny server`.
 
+- The field 'base' can be used to let one project file inherit options from another. If an option is specified in both, then the value specified in the inheriting project is used. Includes from the inheritor override excludes from the base.
+
 It's not possible to use Dafny project files in combination with the legacy CLI UI.
 
 ## 13.7. Verification {#sec-verification}
@@ -1001,9 +1031,6 @@ This list is not exhaustive but can definitely be useful to provide the next ste
  <br><br>`assert A == B;`<br>`callLemma(x);`<br>`assert B == C;`<br> | [`calc == {`](#sec-calc-statement)<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;`  A;`<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;`  B;`<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;`  { callLemma(x); }`<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;`  C;`<br>`};`<br>`assert A == B;`<br>where the [`calc`](#sec-calc-statement) statement can be used to make intermediate computation steps explicit. Works with `<`, `>`, `<=`, `>=`, `==>`, `<==` and `<==>` for example.
  <br><br><br>`assert A ==> B;` | `if A {`<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;`  assert B;`<br>`};`<br>`assert A ==> B;`
  <br><br>`assert A && B;` | `assert A;`<br>`assert B;`<br>`assert A && B;`
- <br>`assert P(x);`<br>where `P` is an [`{:opaque}`](#sec-opaque) predicate | [`reveal P();`](#sec-reveal-statement)<br>`assert P(x);`<br><br>
- `assert P(x);`<br>where `P` is an [`{:opaque}`](#sec-opaque) predicate<br><br> | [`assert P(x) by {`](#sec-assert-statement)<br>[&nbsp;&nbsp;`  reveal P();`](#sec-reveal-statement)<br>`}`
- `assert P(x);`<br>where `P` is not an [`{:opaque}`](#sec-opaque) predicate with a lot of `&&` in its body and is assumed | Make `P` [`{:opaque}`](#sec-opaque) so that if it's assumed, it can be proven more easily. You can always [reveal](#sec-reveal-statement) it when needed.
  `ensures P ==> Q` on a lemma<br> | `requires P ensures Q` to avoid accidentally calling the lemma on inputs that do not satisfy `P`
  `seq(size, i => P)` | `seq(size, i requires 0 <= i < size => P);`
   <br><br>`assert forall x :: G(i) ==> R(i);` |  `assert G(i0);`<br>`assert R(i0);`<br>`assert forall i :: G(i) ==> R(i);` with a guess of the `i0` that makes the second assert to fail.
diff --git a/docs/DafnyRef/integration- rust/IntegrationRust.md b/docs/DafnyRef/integration- rust/IntegrationRust.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6eb44ff9d4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/DafnyRef/integration- rust/IntegrationRust.md	
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+---
+title: Integrating Dafny and Rust code
+---
+
+## THIS FILE IS A WORK IN PROGRESS, IT CAN BE MODIFIED AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE
+** The Dafny-to-Rust compiler is not an officially supported backend yet**
+
+The `dafny build` and `dafny run` currently translate a entry Dafny program `<program>.dfy`
+or project file like `program/dfyconfig.toml` into the following architecture,
+where the program depends on the Dafny runtime crate explicitly.
+```
+program-rust/   // Can be changed with --output:
+  runtime/
+    src/
+      lib.rs    // The Dafny runtime
+    cargo.lock
+    cargo.toml
+  src/
+    program.rs  // The generated program
+  cargo.lock
+  cargo.toml
+```
+
+With `dafny translate`, only `program-rust/src/program.rs` is emitted.
+
+## **Matching Dafny and Rust types**
+
+It's worth recalling that Rust has two semantics for variables:
+
+* *Copy semantics* are the one everyone used to `C#`, `Java`, `JavaScript`, `Go` understand.
+At run-time, it means the actual bits of memory are copied from one location to the other.
+Primitive types like `bool`, `u8`, `i8`, `u16`... but also any references `& T`, `&mut T`, `*const T`, `*mut T` or structs of these types have copy semantics.
+* *Move semantics* or *owned semantics* indicate that once a variable or a field is used without borrowing, it can no longer be used afterwards. These are the semantics that allow Rust to forget the garbage collector, by cleaning up resources Rust can statically determine they are not longer used.
+Move semantics are the default for any type that does not implement the `Copy` trait.
+
+Dafny has only Copy semantics, which as said offer a straight encoding for primitive types and reference types.
+However, immutable types and datatypes are a bit harder, because variables containing them would have
+move semantics by default. Fortunately, there exist a method `Cloneable::clone(&self)` that borrows an object of a struct or enum that implements the trait `Clone` and can create a duplicate. That method is a no-op for types implementing the `Copy` trait.
+
+Hence, whenever a variable with move semantics (borrowed or owned) is used in a place that expects an owned value (such as an addition), Dafny inserts a `.Clone()` call in Rust so that the result can be used independently of the variable. Moreover, to pass a variable to any function, it must be either borrowed (prefixed with `&`) or cloned, unless Dafny could theoretically determine it's the last occurrence of this variable.
+
+For maximum flexibility, Dafny follows these rules to encode types in Rust:
+- Function parameters always take primitive types without borrowing them (`bool`, `u32`, etc.) 
+- Function parameters always borrow variables of other types (`DafnyString`, structs, etc.), because
+  borrowing is always cheaper than cloning for non-Copy types.  
+  Open question: There are at least two more possible alternatives
+  - We could actually have parameters be always owned, which require `.clone()` also to be used at the call site
+  - We could have parameter attributes like `{:rc_owned true}` so that users can choose which API to precisely give to their functions.
+- Functions always return an owned type, otherwise we would need to have an automated theory about lifetimes of returned borrowed references, which Dafny does not support yet. Moreover, borrowing a variable makes its lifetime not `'static`, so it's not possible to use that trait.
+- `& T` and `&mut T` annotations only appear at the top-level of types, never nested.
+- Class types are encoded in reference-counted pointers by default, but there is a command-line flag `--raw-pointers` that encodes class type into an equivalent of a raw pointer. The Dafny team will have to make a deallocation statement available in the future, as it is not available yet. Please weight in on [this issue](https://github.com/dafny-lang/dafny/issues/5257) if you are interested.
+
+For each construct, the third column indicates if it's in the Dafny runtime, is native built-in in Rust, or is a Rust crate.
+If runtime, it also indicates in parentheses what it is roughly equivalent to. `[[U]]` notation indicates the Rust equivalent of the Dafny type `U`.
+The exact runtime types are subject to change, and code that is not Dafny-generated should not rely on those details.
+
+For guaranteed stability, code interfacting with Dafny structures should use types and conversions from `pub mod dafny_runtime_conversions`, such as `::dafny_runtime::dafny_runtime_conversions::DafnySequence<T>` and `::dafny_runtime::dafny_runtime_conversions::vec_to_dafny_sequence(array: &Vec<X>, elem_converter: fn(&X) -> T) -> DafnySequence<T>` for example.
+
+|  Dafny type                   |   Rust type                 | Defined in       |
+|-------------------------------|-----------------------------|------------------|
+| `bool`                        | `bool`                      | Native           |
+| `int`                         | `DafnyInt`                  | Runtime (`Rc<num::BigInt>`) |
+| `int64`                       | `i64`                       | Native           |
+| `int32`                       | `i32`                       | Native           |
+| `int16`                       | `i16`                       | Native           |
+| `int8`                        | `i8`                        | Native           |
+| `char`                        | `DafnyChar`                 | Runtime (`char`) |
+| `char` (`--unicode-chars=false`)| `DafnyCharUTF16`          | Runtime (`u16`)  |
+| `bv8` ... `bv128`             | `u8` ... `u128`             | Native           |
+| `type T = u: U | <range>`     | `[[U]]`                     | Native           |
+| `newtype T = u: U | range`    | `struct T([[U]])`           | Native           |
+| `newtype T = u: int | <range>`| `u8` ... `i128`             | Native           |
+| `ORDINAL`                     | N/A                         | TODO             |
+| `real`                        | Partially supported         | TODO             |
+| `seq<T>`                      | `Sequence<[[T]]>           `| Runtime |
+| `set<T>`, `iset<T>`           | `Set<[[T]]>`                | Runtime |
+| `multiset<T>`                 | `Multiset<[[T]]>`           | Runtime |
+| `map<T>`, `imap<T>`           | `Map<[[T]]>`                | Runtime |
+| `string`                      | `DafnyString`           | Runtime (`Sequence<DafnyCharUTF16>`) |
+| `string` (`--unicode-chars=false`)| `DafnyStringUTF16`      | Runtime (`Sequence<DafnyCharUTF16>`) |
+| (co)datatype `D`              | `std::rc::Rc<D>`            | Native wrapped struct |
+| (co)datatype `D` with attribute `{:rust_rc false}` | `D`    | Native struct    |
+| `(T1, T2...)`  (Up to size 12)| `(T1, T2...)`               | Native           |
+| `(T1, T2..., TN)` (13<=N<=20) | `_System.TupleN`            | Runtime because Rust limitations |
+| `A -> B`                      | `Rc<dyn Fn([[A]]) -> [[B]]>`| Native (note: arguments always borrowed) |
+
+## Encoding of classes and arrays (default)
+By default, Dafny uses reference counting to compile class and array references.
+
+|  Dafny type                   |   Rust type             | Defined in       |
+|-------------------------------|-------------------------|------------------|
+| `C`, `C?` (for class, iterator C) | `Object<C>`         | Runtime (`Option<Rc<UnsafeCell<C>>>`) |
+| (trait) `T`                   | (trait) `Object<dyn T>` | Runtime (`Option<Rc<UnsafeCell<dyn T>>>`) |
+| `array<T>`                    | `Object<[T]>`           | Runtime (`Option<Rc<UnsafeCell<[T]>>>`) |
+| `array2<T>`                   | `Object<array2<T>>`     | Runtime (`struct array2 {length0: usize, length1: usize, data: Box<[Box<[T]>]>}`)     |
+| `array3<T>` ... `array16<T>`  | `Object<array3<T>>` ... `Object<array16<T>>` | Runtime (`struct arrayN {length0: usize, ... lengthN-1: usize, data: Box<[...Box<[T]>...]>}`)     |
+| `c.x` if `c: C`               | `rd!(c).x`              | Runtime         |
+| `c.x := 2` if `c: C`          | `md!(c).x = 2`          | Runtime         |
+| `a[0]` if `a: array<T>`       | `rd!(a)[0]`             | Runtime         |
+| `a[1] := 2` if  `a: array<T>` | `md!(a)[1] = 2`         | Runtime         |
+
+
+## Encoding of classes and arrays with the option --raw-pointers
+The option `--raw-pointers` ensures that classes only have 8 bytes pointers,
+and array only have 8 bytes pointers + information about the length,
+and point to raw memory. Therefore, pointers have copy semantics and
+no call to any clone method needs to be made.
+However, since pointer comparison in Rust normally compares vtables,
+which is brittle, Dafny use its own pointer types which are wrappers:
+```rs
+pub struct Ptr<T: ?Sized>(pub Option<NonNull<UnsafeCell<T>>>);
+```
+
+|  Dafny type                   |   Rust type             | Defined in       |
+|-------------------------------|-------------------------|------------------|
+| `C`, `C?` (for class, iterator C) | `Ptr<C>`            | Runtime (`Option<NonNull<UnsafeCell<C>>>`) |
+| (trait) `T`                   | (trait) `Ptr<dyn T>`    | Runtime (`Option<NonNull<UnsafeCell<dyn T>>>`) |
+| `array<T>`                    | `Ptr<[T]>`              | Runtime (`Option<NonNull<UnsafeCell<[T]>>>`) |
+| `array2<T>`                   | `Ptr<array2<T>>`        | Runtime (`struct array2 {length0: usize, length1: usize, data: Box<[Box<[T]>]>}`)     |
+| `array3<T>` ... `array16<T>`  | `Ptr<array3<T>>` ... `Ptr<array16<T>>` | Runtime (`struct arrayN {length0: usize, ... lengthN-1: usize, data: Box<[...Box<[T]>...]>}`)     |
+| `c.x` if `c: C`               | `read!(c).x`            | Runtime         |
+| `c.x := 2` if `c: C`          | `modify!(c).x = 2`      | Runtime         |
+| `a[0]` if `a: array<T>`       | `read!(a)[0]`           | Runtime         |
+| `a[1] := 2` if  `a: array<T>` | `modify!(a)[1] = 2`     | Runtime         |
+
+# Externs
+
+You can provide additional `*.rs` files to `dafny translate`, `dafny build` and even `dafny run` (via the `--input` option)
+
+The best way to see what you have to implement as an extern Rust file is to compile your code with extern attributes and adding an external Rust file. For extra methods or static methods, you would then define an additional implementation in the extern Rust file. For other class or struct types, you just need to define them without any `mod` wrapper, or using the module structure as defined in the `{:extern}` attribute.
+
+When using simple 1-argument externs, the compilation follows Dafny conventions: static methods are static instance methods of a `pub struct _default {}` which is defined in the module itself, or must be defined externally if all static methods are labelled as externs.
+When using 2-argument extern methods or functions, the compilation follows Rust convention: The first argument is a path of Rust module names separated by `::` (or `.` for cross-compilation with e.g. the Java compiler). The second argument is the name of a static `pub fn` of that module.
+
+Let's assume you provide an additional input file `external.rs` with the following content:
+```
+pub mod rust {
+  pub mod module {
+    fn outsideMethod()
+  }
+}
+pub mod Test {
+  pub struct _default {}
+  impl _default {
+    pub fn extern_y() {
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+Assuming that your Dafny program looks like:
+
+```
+
+module Test {
+  method {:extern "rust.module", "externalMethod"} outsideMethod()
+  method {:extern "extern_y"} dafny_y();
+}
+method Main() {
+  Test.outsideMethod();
+  Test.dafny_y();
+}
+```
+
+As of today, Dafny will generate the following for you (internal names not guaranteed):
+
+```
+pub mod external;         // from the additional external.rs input file
+
+pub mod _dafny_externs {  // from the additional external.rs input file
+  import opened external::*;
+}
+pub mod Test {
+  pub use super::_dafny_externs::Test::*; // Imports the _default
+}
+fn main() {
+  crate::rust::module::externalMethod();
+  super::Test::_default::extern_y();
+}
+```
+
+# Tests
+
+* Methods with the `{:test}` attribute will produce an equivalent `#[test]` method that can be run via `cargo test` on the code produced by `dafny build`.
+* Modules with the `{:rust_cfg_test}` attribute will have the attribute `#[cfg(test)]` when translated to Rust.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/Gemfile.lock b/docs/Gemfile.lock
index 50462dcd0be..f09372bb99a 100644
--- a/docs/Gemfile.lock
+++ b/docs/Gemfile.lock
@@ -60,13 +60,15 @@ GEM
     rb-fsevent (0.11.2)
     rb-inotify (0.10.1)
       ffi (~> 1.0)
-    rexml (3.2.6)
+    rexml (3.3.6)
+      strscan
     rouge (4.2.0)
     safe_yaml (1.0.5)
     sass-embedded (1.69.7-arm64-darwin)
       google-protobuf (~> 3.25)
     sass-embedded (1.69.7-x86_64-linux-gnu)
       google-protobuf (~> 3.25)
+    strscan (3.1.0)
     terminal-table (3.0.2)
       unicode-display_width (>= 1.1.1, < 3)
     unicode-display_width (2.5.0)
diff --git a/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Compiler.md b/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Compiler.md
index 4203dd1e349..da243df24e4 100644
--- a/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Compiler.md
+++ b/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Compiler.md
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ For example, [`type T(00)` indicates that the type `T` is non-empty](../DafnyRef
 
 ## **Error: since yield parameters are initialized arbitrarily, iterators are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_iterators_are_not_deterministic}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 iterator Gen(start: int) yields (x: int)
   yield ensures |xs| <= 10 && x == start + |xs| - 1
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Furthermore, if the iterator is non-ghost, it cannot be compiled if it does not
 
 ## **Error: since fields are initialized arbitrarily, constructor-less classes are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_constructorless_class_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 class A { var j: int }
 ```
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ Body-less loops in ghost methods are similar to unchecked assumptions.
 
 ## **Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_nondeterminism_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m() {
   var x: int;
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ There are a few different forms of this kind of assignment:
 
 ## **Error: assign-such-that statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_assign_such_that_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m() {
   var x: int;
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ However, in this case the expression is too complex for Dafny's heuristics.
 
 ## **Error: nondeterministic if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_nondeterministic_if_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m() {
 var y: int;
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ whether there is a reasonable way to compute a value.)
 
 ## **Error: case-based if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_case_based_if_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m(k: int) {
   var i := k;
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ To enforce a deterministic order to the evaluation, use a chain of if-then-else
 
 ## **Error: nondeterministic loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_non_deterministic_loop_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m(b: bool) decreases * {
   while * 
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ Hence this 'non-deterministic while' (`while *`) statement is not permitted with
 
 ## **Error: case-based loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_case_based_loop_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m(k: int) {
   var i := k;
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ _The documentation of this problem is in progress._
 
 ## **Error: modify statement without a body forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_bodyless_modify_statement_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 class A { constructor A(){}}
 
diff --git a/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Compiler.template b/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Compiler.template
index 93e5e82df8e..c6591bd1bce 100644
--- a/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Compiler.template
+++ b/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Compiler.template
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ type T
 
 ## **Error: since yield parameters are initialized arbitrarily, iterators are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_iterators_are_not_deterministic}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 iterator Gen(start: int) yields (x: int)
   yield ensures |xs| <= 10 && x == start + |xs| - 1
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ iterator Gen(start: int) yields (x: int)
 
 ## **Error: since fields are initialized arbitrarily, constructor-less classes are forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_constructorless_class_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 class A { var j: int }
 ```
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ ghost method m(i: int) {
 
 ## **Error: nondeterministic assignment forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_nondeterminism_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m() {
   var x: int;
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ method m() {
 
 ## **Error: assign-such-that statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_assign_such_that_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m() {
   var x: int;
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ method m() {
 
 ## **Error: nondeterministic if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_nondeterministic_if_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m() {
 var y: int;
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ method m(k: int) {
 
 ## **Error: case-based if statement forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_case_based_if_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m(k: int) {
   var i := k;
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ method m(k: int) {
 
 ## **Error: nondeterministic loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_non_deterministic_loop_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m(b: bool) decreases * {
   while * 
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ method m(b: bool) decreases * {
 
 ## **Error: case-based loop forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_case_based_loop_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 method m(k: int) {
   var i := k;
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ method m(k: int) {
 
 ## **Error: modify statement without a body forbidden by the --enforce-determinism option** {#c_bodyless_modify_statement_forbidden}
 
-<!-- %check-run %options --enforce-determinism -->
+<!-- %check-resolve %options --enforce-determinism -->
 ```dafny
 class A { constructor A(){}}
 
diff --git a/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Refinement.md b/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Refinement.md
index 8bde41d77e7..eb4b6dd7142 100644
--- a/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Refinement.md
+++ b/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Refinement.md
@@ -765,6 +765,32 @@ There are restrictions on what can be changed in a refinement.
 In particular, the variance of type parameters must remain the same.
 
 
+## **Error: type parameter '_name_' of _what_ '_declarationname_' is declared with a different number of type bounds than in the corresponding _what_ in the module it refines (expected _oldnum_, found _num_)** {#ref_mismatched_type_bounds_count}
+
+``` dafny
+module A {
+  type AbstrType<X extends object>
+}
+
+module B refines A {
+  type AbstrType<X>
+}
+```
+
+## **Error: type bound for type parameter '_name_' of _what_ '_declarationname_' is different from the corresponding type bound of the corresponding type parameter of the corresponding _what_ in the module it refines (expected '_oldbound_', found '_bound_'** {#ref_mismatched_type_parameter_bound}
+
+``` dafny
+module A {
+  type AbstrType<X extends object>
+}
+
+module B refines A {
+  trait Trait { }
+  type AbstrType<X extends Trait>
+}
+```
+
+
 ## **Error: _kind_ '_name_' is declared with a different number of _what_ (_num_ instead of _oldnum_) than the corresponding _kind_ in the module it refines** {#ref_mismatched_kind_count}
 
 ```dafny
diff --git a/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Resolver2.md b/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Resolver2.md
index c64504a5a68..8fd0c832ac0 100644
--- a/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Resolver2.md
+++ b/docs/HowToFAQ/Errors-Resolver2.md
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ Part of the pattern that is amenable to this optimization is that the last thing
 in the body of a recursive method (or function) is a call of the recursive function with the
 value returned being assigned to the out-parameter.
 
-## **Error: the recursive call to '_name_' is not tail recursive because the actual type parameter _typeparam_ is not the formal type parameter '_formal_'**
+## **Error: the recursive call to '_name_' is not tail recursive because the actual type argument _typeparam_ is not the formal type parameter '_formal_'**
 
 ```dafny
 method {:tailrecursion} m<T,U>(n: nat) returns (r: nat)
diff --git a/docs/check-examples b/docs/check-examples
index 5096728128d..58264f735bc 100755
--- a/docs/check-examples
+++ b/docs/check-examples
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ do
                  FAIL=1
               fi
               if [ "$actualExit" != "$expectedExit" ]; then
-                echo EXPECTED EXIT CODE $expectedExit, got $actualec
+                echo EXPECTED EXIT CODE $expectedExit, got $actualExit
                 FAIL=1
               fi
             else 
diff --git a/docs/dafny.sty b/docs/dafny.sty
index f6a747b70c7..013d31d24bb 100644
--- a/docs/dafny.sty
+++ b/docs/dafny.sty
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@
       bool,char,nat,int,real,object,set,iset,multiset,seq,string,map,imap,array,array2,array3,
       bv0,bv1,bv2,bv3,bv4,bv5,bv6,bv7,bv8,bv12,bv16,bv20,bv24,bv32,bv48,bv64,bv128,
       function,predicate,copredicate,inductive,
-      ghost,var,static,refines,
+      ghost,var,const,static,refines,
       method,lemma,constructor,colemma,twostate,
-      returns,yields,abstract,module,import,default,opened,as,in,
+      returns,yields,abstract,module,export,import,default,opened,as,in,
       requires,modifies,ensures,reads,decreases,include,provides,reveals,witness,
       % expressions
       match,case,false,true,null,old,fresh,allocated,unchanged,this,
       % statements
-      assert,by,assume,print,new,if,then,else,while,invariant,break,label,return,yield,
+      assert,by,assume,expect,print,new,if,then,else,while,invariant,break,label,return,yield,
       where,calc,modify
       },
   literate=%
diff --git a/docs/dev/RELEASE.md b/docs/dev/RELEASE.md
index 136817118ce..832f751ae22 100644
--- a/docs/dev/RELEASE.md
+++ b/docs/dev/RELEASE.md
@@ -14,12 +14,19 @@
    to be updated. However, you may want to increment them further
    depending the types of changes that are in the release.
 
-1. Run `Scripts/prepare_release.py $VER prepare --source-branch <this branch>`
-   (`--source-branch` is optional and defaults to 'master')
-   from the root of the repository. The script will check that the repository is in a good
-   state, create and check out a new release branch, update
-   `Source/Directory.Build.props` and `RELEASE_NOTES.md`, prepare a release commit,
-   and push it.
+1. Run `Scripts/prepare_release.py $VER prepare --source-branch <this
+   branch>` (`--source-branch` is optional and defaults to 'master')
+   from the root of the repository. The script will check that the
+   repository is in a good state, create and check out a new release
+   branch, update `Source/Directory.Build.props` and `RELEASE_NOTES.md`.
+
+1. Ensure that all `.doo` files use the new version. Start by running
+   `make -C Source/DafnyStandardLibraries update-binary`. Then search
+   for any `.doo` files outside of `Source/DafnyStandardLibraries` and
+   re-build them manually. Note: this is currently way too manual!
+
+1. Prepare a release commit containing the changes from the last two
+   steps and push it.
 
 1. Run `./Scripts/prepare_release.py $VER
    release` from the root of the repository. The script will tag the
@@ -44,6 +51,12 @@
 1. Create a pull request to merge the newly created branch into the source branch (the
    script will give you a link to do so).  Get it approved and merged.
 
+1. Check out the source branch and run `./Scripts/prepare_release.py
+   $NEXT_VER set-next version` to set the version number for the next
+   release, where `$NEXT_VER` is `$VER` with the patch incremented.
+   Create a new pull request for this change. Get it approved and
+   merged.
+
 1. Clone <https://github.com/dafny-lang/ide-vscode> and run `publish_process.js`
    to create a new release of the VSCode plugin.
 
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/4181.fix b/docs/dev/news/4181.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 26788364524..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/4181.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Reserved module identifiers correctly escaped in GoLang
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/4700.fix b/docs/dev/news/4700.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 1f3b18c3908..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/4700.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Fix a soundness issue that could be triggered by calling ensures fresh in the post-condition of a constructor
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/4823.fix b/docs/dev/news/4823.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 400cee8379b..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/4823.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Ability to cast a datatype to its trait when overriding functions
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/4844.fix b/docs/dev/news/4844.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 29dc060bae6..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/4844.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-(soundness issue) Twostate predicate now check if their not new arguments are allocated in the previous heap
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5097.feat b/docs/dev/news/5097.feat
deleted file mode 100644
index b275d72aea1..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5097.feat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Add a check to `dafny run` that notifies the user when a value that was parsed as a user program argument, and which occurs before a `--` token, starts with `--`, since this indicates they probably mistyped a Dafny option name.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5146.fix b/docs/dev/news/5146.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index e3279703489..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5146.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Add uniform checking of type characteristics in refinement modules
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5150.feat b/docs/dev/news/5150.feat
deleted file mode 100644
index e377e69fa5e..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5150.feat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Add an option --progress that can be used to track the progress of verification.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5175.feat b/docs/dev/news/5175.feat
deleted file mode 100644
index 66ab4044b0c..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5175.feat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Support newtypes based on map and imap
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5176.fix b/docs/dev/news/5176.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 9c980829d02..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5176.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Fixed links associated with the standard libraries.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5209.fix b/docs/dev/news/5209.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 0ed141d88c4..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5209.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-No longer emit an incorrect internal error while waiting for verification message
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5234.fix b/docs/dev/news/5234.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 826c4a015ef..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5234.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-fix: Disable the "erase datatype wrappers" optimization if the datatype implements any traits.
-feat: Allow the "erase datatype wrappers" optimization if the only fields in the datatype are ghost fields.
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5239.fix b/docs/dev/news/5239.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 901cf9369ba..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5239.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Fix the default string value emitted for JavaScript
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5247.feat b/docs/dev/news/5247.feat
deleted file mode 100644
index b203266de28..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5247.feat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Add the attribute `{:isolate_assertions}`, which does the same as `{:vcs_split_on_every_assert}`. Deprecated `{:vcs_split_on_every_assert}`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5262.fix b/docs/dev/news/5262.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 07d10bb16fc..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5262.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-More helpful error messages when read fields not mentioned in reads clauses
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5278.fix b/docs/dev/news/5278.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 0252a1f02c0..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5278.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Check datatype constructors for bad type-parameter instantiations
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5281.feat b/docs/dev/news/5281.feat
deleted file mode 100644
index 1eacc1e7826..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5281.feat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Improved error reporting when verification times out or runs out of resources, so that when using `--isolate-assertions`, the error message points to the problematic assertion.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5287.fix b/docs/dev/news/5287.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index a2ec2300548..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5287.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Invalid Python code for nested set and map comprehensions
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5295.fix b/docs/dev/news/5295.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 410408824ca..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5295.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Stop incorrectly emitting the error message "Dafny encountered an internal error while waiting for this symbol to verify"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5301.fix b/docs/dev/news/5301.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 708a1579e40..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5301.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Rename the `dafny generate-tests` option `--coverage-report` to `--expected-coverage-report`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5302.feat b/docs/dev/news/5302.feat
deleted file mode 100644
index ac20c5b4edb..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5302.feat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Deprecated the unicode-char option
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5306.fix b/docs/dev/news/5306.fix
deleted file mode 100644
index 889b1680aea..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5306.fix
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-Stop giving an incorrect warning about a missing {:axiom} clause on an opaque constant. 
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5313.feat b/docs/dev/news/5313.feat
deleted file mode 100644
index 7ee380d96e0..00000000000
--- a/docs/dev/news/5313.feat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-- Warn when passing something other than a doo file to `--library`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5495.feat b/docs/dev/news/5495.feat
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bd115483951
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/dev/news/5495.feat
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+feat: allow type parameters of `newtype` declarations
+feat: support optional `witness` clause of constraint-less `newtype` declarations
+feat: show tool tips for auto-completed type parameters
+feat: show tool tips for inferred `(==)` characteristics
+fix: Don't let `newtype` well-formedness checking affect witness checking (fixes ##5520)
+fix: Check the emptiness status of constraint-less `newtype` declarations (fixes #5521)
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5621.feat b/docs/dev/news/5621.feat
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0c7705f9a5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/dev/news/5621.feat
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+New feature: model extractor
+
+### CLI option
+
+The `dafny verify` command now has an option `--extract:<file>`, where (just like for the various print options) `<file>` is allowed to be `-` to denote standard output.
+
+### Extract mechanism
+
+Upon successful verification, the new extract mechanism visits the AST of the given program. For any module marked with `{:extract}`, the extract-worthy material from the module is output. The output declarations will be in the same order as they appear textually in the module (in particular, the fact that module-level Dafny declarations are collected in an internal class `_default` has no bearing on the output order).
+
+Three kinds of declarations are extract-worthy:
+
+* A type declaration `A<X, Y, Z>` that bears an attribute `{:extract_name B}` is extracted into a Boogie type declaration `type B _ _ _;`.
+
+    The definition of the type is ignored. (The intended usage for an extracted type is that the Dafny program give a definition for the type, which goes to show the existence of such a type.)
+
+* A function declaration `F(x: X, y: Y): Z` that bears an attribute `{:extract_name G}` is extracted into a Boogie function declaration `function G(x: X, y: Y): Z;`.
+
+    The body of the Dafny function is ignored. (The intended usage for an extracted function is that the Dafny program give a definition for the function, which goes to show the existence of such a function.)
+
+* A lemma declaration `L(x: X, y: Y) requires P ensures Q` that bears an attribute `{:extract_pattern ...}` or an attribute `{:extract_used_by ...}` is extracted into a Boogie `axiom`. The axiom has the basic form `axiom (forall x: X, y: Y :: P ==> Q);`.
+
+    If the lemma has an attribute `{:extract_used_by F}`, then the axiom will be emitted into the `uses` clause of the Boogie function generated for Dafny function `F`.
+
+    If the lemma has no in-parameters, the axiom is just `P ==> Q`.
+
+    If the lemma has in-parameters, then any attribute `{:extract_pattern E, F, G}` adds a matching pattern `{ E, F, G }` to the emitted quantifier. Also, any attribute `{:extract_attribute "name", E, F, G}` adds an attribute `{:name E, F, G}` to the quantifier.
+
+### Expressions
+
+The pre- and postconditions of extracted lemmas turn into analogous Boogie expressions, and the types of function/lemma parameters and bound variables are extracted into analogous Boogie types. The intended usage of the extract mechanism is that these expressions and types do indeed have analogous Boogie types.
+
+At this time, only a limited set of expressions and types are supported, but more can be added in the future.
+
+Any `forall` and `exists` quantifiers in expressions are allowed to use `:extract_pattern` and `:extract_attribute` attributes, as described above for lemmas.
+
+Some extracted expressions are simplified. For example, `true && !!P` is simplified to `P`.
+
+### Soundness
+
+The Dafny program that is used as input for the extraction is treated like any other Dafny program. The intended usage of the extraction mechanism is to prove parts of the axiomatization in `DafnyPrelude.bpl` to be logically consistent. Whether or not the extracted Boogie declarations meet this goal depends on the given Dafny program. For example, if the given Dafny program formalizes sequences in terms of maps and formalizes maps in terms of sequences, then the extraction probably does not provide guarantees of consistency.
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5642.fix b/docs/dev/news/5642.fix
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b8dbeb1f2af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/dev/news/5642.fix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Support for double constant initialization in Dafny-to-Rust
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5643.fix b/docs/dev/news/5643.fix
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e56ef6e2f20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/dev/news/5643.fix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Support for enumerating datatypes in the Rust backend
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5647.fix b/docs/dev/news/5647.fix
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..72275f0e32f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/dev/news/5647.fix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Tail-Recursion for the Dafny-to-Rust compiler
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5676.feat b/docs/dev/news/5676.feat
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0617d12494a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/dev/news/5676.feat
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Dafny-to-Rust: `{:test}` methods generate `#[test]` wrappers in Rust that can be invoked using `cargo test`.
+Similarly, `{:rust_cfg_test}` on modules generates a `#[cfg(test)]` in the resulting rust module.
diff --git a/docs/dev/news/5760.fix b/docs/dev/news/5760.fix
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..60ee2dd58e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/dev/news/5760.fix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+The new resolver (accessible using `--type-system-refresh`) can now handle revealing instance functions using a static receiver, as it is the case for the current resolver
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/dotnet-tools.json b/dotnet-tools.json
index c263d70700e..3c54d779830 100644
--- a/dotnet-tools.json
+++ b/dotnet-tools.json
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
   "isRoot": true,
   "tools": {
     "cocor": {
-      "version": "2014.12.24",
+      "version": "2014.12.25",
       "commands": [
         "coco"
       ]
     },
     "boogie": {
-      "version": "3.1.3",
+      "version": "3.2.5",
       "commands": [
         "boogie"
       ]