feat: explore dbt Core 1.12 v2 parser support (fixes #770)

- add dbt-core 1.12.0 + dbt-core-experimental-parser>=2.0.0a5 dev dep
- add v2-parser-tests CI job (blocking, push/PR only)
- add 13 xfail tests: parse, compile, build, docs generate, adapter features
- add devops/scripts/compare_manifests.py for v1 vs v2 manifest diffing
- add docs/contributing/v2-parser.md with finding: sqlserver not yet supported
- add make v2-parser-test target

Finding: v2 parser rejects type=sqlserver in profiles.yml. All tests xfail
strict=True -- will auto-pass when upstream adds sqlserver adapter support.

Author: axellpadilla

.github/workflows/integration-tests-sqlserver.yml

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ on:  # yamllint disable-line rule:truthy
     paths:
       - 'dbt/**'
       - 'tests/functional/**'
+      - 'tests/functional/adapter/v2_parser/**'
       - 'devops/**'
       - 'docker-compose.yml'
       - '**/*.lock'
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ on:  # yamllint disable-line rule:truthy
     paths:
       - 'dbt/**'
       - 'tests/functional/**'
+      - 'tests/functional/adapter/v2_parser/**'
       - 'devops/**'
       - 'docker-compose.yml'
       - '**/*.lock'
@@ -132,3 +134,53 @@ jobs:
           DBT_TEST_USER_3: DBT_TEST_USER_3
           SQLSERVER_TEST_DRIVER: "ODBC Driver ${{ matrix.msodbc_version }} for SQL Server"
           SQLSERVER_TEST_BACKEND: ${{ matrix.backend }}
+
+  v2-parser-tests:
+    name: V2 Parser / Py${{ matrix.python_version }} / ${{ matrix.backend }} / SQL${{ matrix.sqlserver_version }} / ODBC${{ matrix.msodbc_version }}
+    if: github.event_name != 'schedule' && github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]'
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        python_version: ["3.13"]
+        backend: [pyodbc]
+        sqlserver_version: ["2025"]
+        msodbc_version: ["18"]
+        collation: [SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    container:
+      image: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}:CI-${{ matrix.python_version }}-${{ matrix.backend == 'pyodbc' && format('msodbc{0}', matrix.msodbc_version) || 'mssql' }}
+      credentials:
+        username: ${{ github.actor }}
+        password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+    services:
+      sqlserver:
+        image: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}:server-${{ matrix.sqlserver_version }}
+        env:
+          ACCEPT_EULA: 'Y'
+          SA_PASSWORD: 5atyaNadella
+          DBT_TEST_USER_1: DBT_TEST_USER_1
+          DBT_TEST_USER_2: DBT_TEST_USER_2
+          DBT_TEST_USER_3: DBT_TEST_USER_3
+          COLLATION: ${{ matrix.collation }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+
+      - name: Install uv
+        run: pip install uv
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        env:
+          INSTALL_EXTRA: ${{ matrix.backend == 'pyodbc' && 'pyodbc' || 'mssql' }}
+        run: uv pip install --system -e ".[$INSTALL_EXTRA]" --group dev
+
+      - name: Install dbt-core-experimental-parser
+        run: uv pip install --system dbt-core-experimental-parser
+
+      - name: Run v2 parser tests
+        run: pytest -n auto -ra -v tests/functional/adapter/v2_parser --profile "ci_sql_server"
+        env:
+          DBT_TEST_USER_1: DBT_TEST_USER_1
+          DBT_TEST_USER_2: DBT_TEST_USER_2
+          DBT_TEST_USER_3: DBT_TEST_USER_3
+          SQLSERVER_TEST_DRIVER: "ODBC Driver ${{ matrix.msodbc_version }} for SQL Server"
+          SQLSERVER_TEST_BACKEND: ${{ matrix.backend }}

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ All CI/CD pipelines are using GitHub Actions. The following pipelines are availa
 
 * `publish-docker`: publishes the image we use in all other pipelines.
 * `unit-tests`: runs the unit tests for each supported Python version.
-* `integration-tests-sqlserver`: runs the integration tests for SQL Server.
+* `integration-tests-sqlserver`: runs the integration tests for SQL Server (includes the `v2-parser-tests` job).
 * `release-version`: publishes the adapter to PyPI.
 
 There is an additional [Pre-commit](https://pre-commit.ci/) pipeline that validates the code style.
@@ -131,3 +131,7 @@ Make sure the version number is bumped in `dbt/adapters/sqlserver/__version__.py
 A GitHub Actions workflow will be triggered to build the package and push it to PyPI.
 
 If you're releasing support for a new version of `dbt-core`, also bump the `dbt-core` constraint in `dependencies` in `pyproject.toml`.
+
+## V2 Parser (Experimental)
+
+See [docs/contributing/v2-parser.md](docs/contributing/v2-parser.md) for details on the experimental Rust-based v2 parser, local setup, CI integration, known limitations, and manifest comparison.

Makefile

@@ -43,6 +43,11 @@ functional: ## Runs functional tests.
 	@\
 	uv run pytest -n $(THREADS) -ra -v tests/functional
 
+.PHONY: v2-parser-test
+v2-parser-test: ## Runs v2 parser functional tests. Requires dbt-core-experimental-parser on PATH and a running SQL Server.
+	@\
+	uv run pytest -m v2_parser tests/functional/adapter/v2_parser -v
+
 .PHONY: test
 test: ## Runs unit tests and code checks against staged changes.
 	@status=0; \