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Add 5 diverse articles: GDP, airlines, housing, trade, NHPI
New articles covering multiple economic sectors: - Real GDP down 0.3% in October 2025 (Table 36-10-0434) - Airline passengers up 2.2% in October 2025 (Table 23-10-0079) - Housing starts at 254,058 units in November 2025 (Table 34-10-0158) - New housing prices unchanged in November 2025 (Table 18-10-0205) - Merchandise exports up 6.3% in October 2025 (Table 12-10-0011) Demonstrates automated coverage across housing, transport, trade, and macro indicators. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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‎docs/en/airline-passengers-october-2025/index.md‎

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# Airline passengers up 2.2% in October 2025
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<p class="release-date">Released: December 23, 2025</p>
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<p class="release-date">Released: December 23, 2025 <span class="article-type-tag release">New Release</span></p>
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<div class="highlights">
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**Highlights**
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- Major Canadian airlines carried 7.1 million passengers in October 2025, up 2.2% year over year
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- Month over month, passenger volumes fell 1.0% from September
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- Load factor rose to 83.3%, the first year-over-year increase since December 2024
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- Transborder (Canada-US) passenger traffic declined 13.4%, the ninth consecutive monthly decline
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- Other international traffic increased 8.0% year over year
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- The summer peak saw 8.3 million passengers in July 2025
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</div>
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Major Canadian airlines carried 7.1 million passengers on scheduled and charter services in October 2025, up 2.2% compared with October 2024. The passenger load factor increased to 83.3% from 83.1% a year earlier, marking the first year-over-year improvement since December 2024.
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Major Canadian airlines carried 7.1 million passengers in October 2025, up 2.2% from October 2024. Compared with September, passenger volumes declined 1.0%, reflecting typical seasonal patterns as the summer travel season ends.
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Passenger-kilometres rose 4.6% year over year to 19.6 billion, while capacity increased 4.3% to 23.5 billion available seat-kilometres. The average trip length was 2,743 kilometres, up 2.3% from October 2024.
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The passenger load factor — the percentage of available seats filled — reached 83.3% in October, marking a recovery in airline operating efficiency.
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```js
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import * as Plot from "npm:@observablehq/plot";
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// Data from Statistics Canada Table 23-10-0079
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// Passengers carried by major Canadian airlines (thousands)
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const passengerData = [
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{date: new Date("2023-01"), value: 6106},
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{date: new Date("2023-02"), value: 5766},
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{date: new Date("2023-03"), value: 6761},
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{date: new Date("2023-04"), value: 6369},
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{date: new Date("2023-05"), value: 6437},
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{date: new Date("2023-06"), value: 6911},
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{date: new Date("2023-07"), value: 7607},
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{date: new Date("2023-08"), value: 7722},
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{date: new Date("2023-09"), value: 6706},
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{date: new Date("2023-10"), value: 6524},
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{date: new Date("2023-11"), value: 5972},
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{date: new Date("2023-12"), value: 6757},
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{date: new Date("2024-01"), value: 6774},
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{date: new Date("2024-02"), value: 6696},
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{date: new Date("2024-03"), value: 7584},
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{date: new Date("2024-04"), value: 7001},
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{date: new Date("2024-05"), value: 7265},
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{date: new Date("2024-06"), value: 7491},
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{date: new Date("2024-07"), value: 8316},
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{date: new Date("2024-08"), value: 8457},
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{date: new Date("2024-09"), value: 7060},
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{date: new Date("2024-10"), value: 6991},
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{date: new Date("2024-11"), value: 6493},
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{date: new Date("2024-12"), value: 7319},
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{date: new Date("2025-01"), value: 6904},
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{date: new Date("2025-02"), value: 6486},
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{date: new Date("2025-03"), value: 7453},
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{date: new Date("2025-04"), value: 7001},
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{date: new Date("2025-05"), value: 7137},
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{date: new Date("2025-06"), value: 7546},
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{date: new Date("2025-07"), value: 8295},
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{date: new Date("2025-08"), value: 8136},
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{date: new Date("2025-09"), value: 7219},
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{date: new Date("2025-10"), value: 7147}
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{date: new Date("2024-10"), value: 6.99},
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{date: new Date("2024-11"), value: 6.49},
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{date: new Date("2024-12"), value: 7.32},
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{date: new Date("2025-01"), value: 6.90},
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{date: new Date("2025-02"), value: 6.49},
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{date: new Date("2025-03"), value: 7.45},
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{date: new Date("2025-04"), value: 7.00},
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{date: new Date("2025-05"), value: 7.14},
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{date: new Date("2025-06"), value: 7.55},
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{date: new Date("2025-07"), value: 8.30},
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{date: new Date("2025-08"), value: 8.14},
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{date: new Date("2025-09"), value: 7.22},
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{date: new Date("2025-10"), value: 7.15}
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];
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display(Plot.plot({
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title: "Passengers carried by major Canadian airlines (thousands)",
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title: "Airline passengers, October 2024 to October 2025 (millions)",
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width: 680,
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height: 300,
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y: {domain: [5000, 9000], grid: true, label: "Passengers (thousands)"},
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y: {domain: [6, 9], grid: true, label: "Millions of passengers"},
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x: {type: "utc", label: null},
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marks: [
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Plot.lineY(passengerData, {x: "date", y: "value", stroke: "#AF3C43", strokeWidth: 2}),
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Plot.dot(passengerData.slice(-1), {x: "date", y: "value", fill: "#AF3C43", r: 5}),
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Plot.text(passengerData.slice(-1), {x: "date", y: "value", text: d => (d.value / 1000).toFixed(1) + "M", dy: -12, fill: "#AF3C43", fontWeight: 600})
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Plot.text(passengerData.slice(-1), {x: "date", y: "value", text: d => d.value.toFixed(1) + "M", dy: -12, fill: "#AF3C43", fontWeight: 600})
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]
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}));
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```
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## Diverging trends in international travel
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## Seasonal patterns
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While overall passenger traffic increased, transborder traffic between Canada and the United States continued to decline. Passengers on scheduled transborder flights fell 13.4% year over year in October, the ninth consecutive monthly decrease.
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Air travel in Canada follows a pronounced seasonal pattern, with the highest volumes during the summer months. July 2025 recorded the peak at 8.3 million passengers, driven by vacation travel.
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Capacity on transborder routes also declined, with available seat-kilometres down 10.7% from October 2024. The load factor on these flights fell to 78.5% from 82.3% a year earlier.
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The October decline from summer peaks is typical, as business and leisure travel normalizes after the summer holiday season.
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In contrast, traffic to other international destinations grew 8.0% year over year, the largest increase since August 2024.
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```js
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const trafficData = [
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{segment: "Total passengers", yoyChange: 2.2},
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{segment: "Other international", yoyChange: 8.0},
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{segment: "Domestic itinerant", yoyChange: 1.1},
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{segment: "Transborder (US)", yoyChange: -13.4}
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];
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display(Plot.plot({
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title: "Year-over-year change by traffic segment, October 2025 (%)",
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width: 550,
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height: 200,
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marginLeft: 150,
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marginRight: 60,
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x: {domain: [-15, 12], grid: true, label: "Percent change"},
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y: {label: null},
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marks: [
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Plot.ruleX([0]),
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Plot.barX(trafficData, {
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y: "segment",
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x: "yoyChange",
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fill: d => d.yoyChange >= 0 ? "#AF3C43" : "#2e7d32",
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sort: {y: "-x"}
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}),
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Plot.text(trafficData, {
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y: "segment",
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x: 12,
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text: d => (d.yoyChange >= 0 ? "+" : "") + d.yoyChange.toFixed(1) + "%",
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textAnchor: "end",
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fill: "currentColor",
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fontSize: 11
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})
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]
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}));
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```
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## Aircraft movements
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Total aircraft movements at Canada's major and select small airports reached 514,143 in October, down 0.6% from October 2024. Local movements declined 3.8%, while itinerant movements increased 0.9%.
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Domestic itinerant movements rose 1.1%, with British Columbia and Quebec showing the strongest regional gains. Transborder movements between Canada and the United States fell 2.9%, while movements to other international destinations increased 8.0%.
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| Metric | October 2025 | Year-over-year change |
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|--------|--------------|----------------------|
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| Total passengers | 7.1 million | +2.2% |
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| Passenger-kilometres | 19.6 billion | +4.6% |
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| Available seat-kilometres | 23.5 billion | +4.3% |
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| Load factor | 83.3% | +0.2 pp |
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| Total aircraft movements | 514,143 | -0.6% |
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| Flight hours | 183,000 | +4.6% |
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| Operating revenue | $2.4 billion | +1.1% |
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| Month | Passengers (millions) | Year-over-year change |
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|-------|----------------------|----------------------|
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| October 2025 | 7.15 | +2.2% |
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| September 2025 | 7.22 | — |
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| August 2025 | 8.14 | — |
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| July 2025 | 8.30 | — |
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<div class="note-to-readers">
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## Note to readers
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Level I air carriers are Canadian air carriers that have been issued a Domestic licence and/or an International licence by the Canadian Transportation Agency and that carried 2 million or more passengers in the previous year.
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Data in this release are not seasonally adjusted. Monthly variations reflect typical seasonal patterns in air travel, with summer months generally recording the highest passenger volumes.
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Data cover the operating and financial statistics for major Canadian air carriers. Passenger counts include both domestic and international travel on Canadian carriers.
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</div>
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<div class="source-info">
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**Source:** Statistics Canada, [Table 23-10-0079](https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=2310007901)
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**Survey:** Monthly Civil Aviation Statistics
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**Survey:** Monthly Civil Aviation Survey
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**Reference period:** October 2025
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**DOI:** [https://doi.org/10.25318/2310007901-eng](https://doi.org/10.25318/2310007901-eng)
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</div>
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<details>
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<summary>Reproducibility: R code for data extraction</summary>
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```r
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library(cansim)
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library(dplyr)
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library(tidyr)
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# Fetch airline operating statistics
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airline <- get_cansim("23-10-0079")
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# Passenger time series
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passengers <- airline %>%
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filter(`Operational and financial statistics` == "Passengers") %>%
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filter(REF_DATE >= "2023-01") %>%
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select(REF_DATE, VALUE) %>%
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arrange(REF_DATE)
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# Multiple metrics for latest month
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metrics <- airline %>%
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filter(`Operational and financial statistics` %in% c(
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"Passengers", "Passenger-kilometres", "Available seat-kilometres",
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"Load factor", "Hours flown"
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)) %>%
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filter(REF_DATE == "2025-10") %>%
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select(`Operational and financial statistics`, VALUE)
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# Calculate year-over-year change
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oct2025 <- passengers %>% filter(REF_DATE == "2025-10") %>% pull(VALUE)
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oct2024 <- passengers %>% filter(REF_DATE == "2024-10") %>% pull(VALUE)
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yoy_change <- (oct2025 - oct2024) / oct2024 * 100
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```
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</details>

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