beam_bounds: Tighten bounds for logical operations

Handle negative bounds for `bor` and `bxor`, and simplify handling of
`band`.

Also simplify all logical operators by canonicalizing the input
ranges: converting `any` to `{'-inf','+inf'} and replacing to large
integer with infinity. This reduces the number of special cases.

Thanks to Nelson Vides for the idea to replace large integers
with infinity.

Author: bjorng