learn-quizzes.json

{
  "add-quiz": "Add a question/quiz",
  "average-score": "Average score:",
  "basics": "Ethereum basics",
  "basics-description": "This section covers the fundamental concepts of Ethereum, ensuring you have a strong foundation.",
  "completed": "Completed:",
  "community-stats": "Community stats",
  "contribute": "Contribute to our library.",
  "correct": "Correct",
  "explanation": "Explanation",
  "next-question": "Next question",
  "next-quiz": "Next quiz",
  "question-number": "Question number {{number}}:",
  "page-assets-merge": "The Merge",
  "passed": "You passed the quiz!",
  "questions": "Questions",
  "questions-answered": "Questions answered:",
  "quizzes-subtitle": "Find out how well you understand Ethereum and cryptocurrencies. Are you ready to become an expert?",
  "retry": "Retry rate:",
  "score": "Score",
  "see-results": "See results",
  "share-results": "Share results",
  "start": "Start",
  "submit-answer": "Check answer",
  "test-your-knowledge": "Test your Ethereum knowledge",
  "try-again": "Try again",
  "using-ethereum": "Using Ethereum",
  "using-ethereum-description": "Delve into the real-world applications of Ethereum and uncover how this revolutionary blockchain platform is reshaping industries. This is a great way to make sure you understand things well enough before you start using cryptocurrencies actively.",
  "want-more-quizzes": "Want to see more quizzes here?",
  "your-results": "Your results",
  "your-total": "Your total points",
  "what-is-ethereum-1-prompt": "The biggest difference between Ethereum and Bitcoin is:",
  "what-is-ethereum-1-a-label": "Ethereum doesn’t let you make payments to other people",
  "what-is-ethereum-1-a-explanation": "Both Bitcoin and Ethereum let you make payments to other people.",
  "what-is-ethereum-1-b-label": "You can run computer programs on Ethereum",
  "what-is-ethereum-1-b-explanation": "Ethereum is programmable. This means you can put any computer program on the Ethereum blockchain.",
  "what-is-ethereum-1-c-label": "You can run computer programs on Bitcoin",
  "what-is-ethereum-1-c-explanation": "Unlike Ethereum, Bitcoin isn’t programmable and cannot run arbitrary computer programs.",
  "what-is-ethereum-1-d-label": "They have different logos",
  "what-is-ethereum-1-d-explanation": "They do have different logos! But this isn’t the biggest difference between them.",
  "what-is-ethereum-2-prompt": "Ethereum’s native cryptocurrency is called:",
  "what-is-ethereum-2-a-label": "Ether",
  "what-is-ethereum-2-a-explanation": "Ether is the cryptocurrency native to the Ethereum network.",
  "what-is-ethereum-2-b-label": "Ethereum",
  "what-is-ethereum-2-b-explanation": "Ethereum is the blockchain, but its native currency is not called Ethereum. This is a common misconception.",
  "what-is-ethereum-2-c-label": "Ethercoin",
  "what-is-ethereum-2-c-explanation": "Unlike many other cryptocurrencies, Ethereum’s native cryptocurrency doesn’t contain the word ‘coin’.",
  "what-is-ethereum-2-d-label": "Bitcoin",
  "what-is-ethereum-2-d-explanation": "Bitcoin (uppercase B) was the first blockchain created, bitcoin (lowercase B) is it’s native cryptocurrency.",
  "what-is-ethereum-3-prompt": "Who runs Ethereum?",
  "what-is-ethereum-3-a-label": "Developers",
  "what-is-ethereum-3-a-explanation": "Developers are crucial to building and improving Ethereum, but they are not the group who keep Ethereum running.",
  "what-is-ethereum-3-b-label": "Miners",
  "what-is-ethereum-3-b-explanation": "Mining hasn’t been possible since The Merge. There are no longer ‘miners’ on Ethereum.",
  "what-is-ethereum-3-c-label": "The Ethereum Foundation",
  "what-is-ethereum-3-c-explanation": "The Ethereum Foundation does not play any significant role in the day-to-day running of Ethereum nodes.",
  "what-is-ethereum-3-d-label": "Anyone running a node",
  "what-is-ethereum-3-d-explanation": "Anyone running a node is a crucial part of Ethereum’s infrastructure. If you haven’t already, consider running an Ethereum node.",
  "what-is-ethereum-4-prompt": "Since Ethereum launched, how many times has the network been offline?",
  "what-is-ethereum-4-a-label": "Never",
  "what-is-ethereum-4-a-explanation": "Ethereum has never gone completely offline (stopped producing blocks) since it launched.",
  "what-is-ethereum-4-b-label": "Once",
  "what-is-ethereum-4-c-label": "Four times",
  "what-is-ethereum-4-d-label": "More than ten times",
  "what-is-ethereum-5-prompt": "Ethereum consumes more electricity than:",
  "what-is-ethereum-5-a-label": "Gold mining",
  "what-is-ethereum-5-a-explanation": "Gold mining uses ~131 Terawatt hours per year. Ethereum uses about 0.0026 Terawatt hours per year.",
  "what-is-ethereum-5-b-label": "Netflix",
  "what-is-ethereum-5-b-explanation": "Netflix uses ~0.451 Terawatt hours per year. Ethereum uses about 0.0026 Terawatt hours per year.",
  "what-is-ethereum-5-c-label": "PayPal",
  "what-is-ethereum-5-c-explanation": "PayPal uses ~0.26 Terawatt hours per year. Ethereum uses about 0.0026 Terawatt hours per year.",
  "what-is-ethereum-5-d-label": "None of the above",
  "what-is-ethereum-5-d-explanation": "Ethereum uses about 0.0026 Terawatt hours per year. Less than Gold mining (~131 TWh/yr), Netflix (~0.451 TWh/yr), and Paypal (~0.26 TWh/yr).",
  "what-is-ether-1-prompt": "Ether is also known as:",
  "what-is-ether-1-a-label": "ETC",
  "what-is-ether-1-a-explanation": "ETC is the ticker for Ethereum Classic.",
  "what-is-ether-1-b-label": "ETR",
  "what-is-ether-1-b-explanation": "ETR is not a ticker for ether or any significant cryptocurrency.",
  "what-is-ether-1-c-label": "ETH",
  "what-is-ether-1-c-explanation": "ETH is the ticker for ether on Ethereum.",
  "what-is-ether-1-d-label": "BTC",
  "what-is-ether-1-d-explanation": "BTC is the ticker for bitcoin on the Bitcoin network.",
  "what-is-ether-2-prompt": "On Ethereum, network fees are paid in:",
  "what-is-ether-2-a-label": "bitcoin",
  "what-is-ether-2-a-explanation": "Lowercase “bitcoin” is the native cryptocurrency of the Bitcoin network.",
  "what-is-ether-2-b-label": "ETH",
  "what-is-ether-2-b-explanation": "Ether (ETH) is native cryptocurrency of Ethereum. All network fees on Ethereum are paid in ETH.",
  "what-is-ether-2-c-label": "USD",
  "what-is-ether-2-c-explanation": "It is not possible to pay network fees on Ethereum in USD (US Dollars), or any other FIAT currency.",
  "what-is-ether-2-d-label": "Ethereum",
  "what-is-ether-2-d-explanation": "Ethereum is the network, but Ethereum’s network fees are paid in ETH.",
  "what-is-ether-3-prompt": "Staking on Ethereum helps secure the network because:",
  "what-is-ether-3-a-label": "Stakers can ban people if they don’t like what they are doing",
  "what-is-ether-3-a-explanation": "Stakers are not able to arbitrarily censor users.",
  "what-is-ether-3-b-label": "If a staker tries to cheat the network, they risk losing their ETH",
  "what-is-ether-3-b-explanation": "Stakers risk losing a significant amount of their ETH if they are shown to be behaving maliciously against the network. This is known as slashing.",
  "what-is-ether-3-c-label": "Stakers run powerful computers to demonstrate proof-of-work",
  "what-is-ether-3-c-explanation": "Stakers do not need powerful hardware to stake their ETH. Ethereum stopped using proof-of-work at The Merge.",
  "what-is-ether-3-d-label": "Stakers undergo KYC before being accepted as a validator",
  "what-is-ether-3-d-explanation": "Staking on Ethereum is permissionless and does not require KYC.",
  "what-is-ether-4-prompt": "ETH can be used for:",
  "what-is-ether-4-a-label": "Paying transaction fees on Ethereum",
  "what-is-ether-4-a-explanation": "This answer is partially correct, but it's only one of the many things ETH can be used for.",
  "what-is-ether-4-b-label": "Un-censorable peer-to-peer payments",
  "what-is-ether-4-b-explanation": "This answer is partially correct, but it's only one of the many things ETH can be used for.",
  "what-is-ether-4-c-label": "Collateral for crypto loans",
  "what-is-ether-4-c-explanation": "This answer is partially correct, but it's only one of the many things ETH can be used for.",
  "what-is-ether-4-d-label": "All of the above",
  "what-is-ether-4-d-explanation": "Ethereum transactions cannot be censored, ETH is required to make any transaction on Ethereum, and it is crucial to the stability of the DeFi ecosystem.",
  "web3-1-prompt": "Web3 allows users to own digital assets through:",
  "web3-1-a-label": "Tokens",
  "web3-1-a-explanation": "Tokens provide a way to represent units of value that are interchangeable with one another, owned by an Ethereum account. While they represent ownership, there are more ways to own digital assets on Ethereum.",
  "web3-1-b-label": "NFTs",
  "web3-1-b-explanation": "NFTs (Non-fungible tokens) provide a way to represent anything unique as an Ethereum-based asset. While they represent ownership, there are more ways to own digital assets on Ethereum.",
  "web3-1-c-label": "ENS",
  "web3-1-c-explanation": "ENS (Ethereum Name Service) is a decentralized naming service for the Ethereum blockchain. While they represent ownership, there are more ways to own digital assets on Ethereum.",
  "web3-1-d-label": "All of the above",
  "web3-1-d-explanation": "All of the options provide ways to own digital assets on Ethereum. Tokens, NFTs, and ENS are all ways to represent ownership of digital assets.",
  "web3-2-prompt": "Web1 was read-only, Web2 is read-write, Web3 has been described as:",
  "web3-2-a-label": "read-write-sell",
  "web3-2-a-explanation": "Web3 has not been described in this way.",
  "web3-2-b-label": "read-write-store",
  "web3-2-b-explanation": "Web3 has not been described in this way.",
  "web3-2-c-label": "read-write-own",
  "web3-2-c-explanation": "Web3 allows users to own their data and has therefore been described as ‘read-write-own’, any improvement on Web2’s, which is only ‘read-write’.",
  "web3-2-d-label": "read-write-buy",
  "web3-2-d-explanation": "Web3 has not been described in this way.",
  "web3-3-prompt": "Which iteration of the web does not rely on third-party payment providers?",
  "web3-3-a-label": "Web1",
  "web3-3-a-explanation": "Web1 did not have native, built-in payments.",
  "web3-3-b-label": "Web2",
  "web3-3-b-explanation": "Web2 does not have native, built-in payments.",
  "web3-3-c-label": "Web3",
  "web3-3-c-explanation": "Web3 has native, built-in payments with cryptocurrencies, such as ETH.",
  "web3-3-d-label": "All of the above",
  "web3-3-d-explanation": "Web1 and Web2 do not have native, built-in payments.",
  "web3-4-prompt": "The term ‘Web3’ was first coined by:",
  "web3-4-a-label": "Gavin Wood",
  "web3-4-a-explanation": "Gavin Wood, a co-founder of Ethereum, is credited with coining the term Web3 shortly after Ethereum launched in 2015.",
  "web3-4-b-label": "Steve Jobs",
  "web3-4-b-explanation": "Steve Jobs did not coin the phrase ‘Web3’.",
  "web3-4-c-label": "Vitalik Buterin",
  "web3-4-c-explanation": "Vitalik Buterin, although the original founder of Ethereum, did not coin the phrase ‘Web3’.",
  "web3-4-d-label": "Elon Musk",
  "web3-4-d-explanation": "Elon Musk did not coin the phrase ‘Web3’.",
  "web3-5-prompt": "You can have a single, censorship-resistant login across all of the web through the use of:",
  "web3-5-a-label": "Sign-in with Facebook",
  "web3-5-a-explanation": "Sign-in with Facebook is not censorship resistant.",
  "web3-5-b-label": "Sign-in with Google",
  "web3-5-b-explanation": "Sign-in with Google is not censorship resistant.",
  "web3-5-c-label": "Sign-in with Ethereum",
  "web3-5-c-explanation": "Sign-in with Ethereum is the only option that is censorship-resistant and usable on any web application.",
  "web3-5-d-label": "Sign-in with Twitter",
  "web3-5-d-explanation": "Sign-in with Twitter is not censorship resistant.",
  "wallets-1-prompt": "The most secure type of wallet is:",
  "wallets-1-a-label": "A mobile wallet",
  "wallets-1-a-explanation": "Mobile wallets hold private keys on a mobile device, which typically has connections to the internet, and potentially compromised by other software.",
  "wallets-1-b-label": "A hardware wallet",
  "wallets-1-b-explanation": "A hardware wallet’s private keys are stored on a dedicated device that can be kept off of the internet and are isolated from other applications on your devices.",
  "wallets-1-c-label": "A web wallet",
  "wallets-1-c-explanation": "Web wallets have less security than hardware wallets because the private keys are stored on an internet-connected device.",
  "wallets-1-d-label": "A desktop wallet",
  "wallets-1-d-explanation": "Desktop wallets hold private keys on a computer hard drive, which typically has connections to the internet, and potentially compromised by other software.",
  "wallets-2-prompt": "How should you store your seed phrase?",
  "wallets-2-a-label": "In a photo on your phone",
  "wallets-2-a-explanation": "This is not the most secure option. If this photo is uploaded to cloud storage then a hacker gets this image and gains access to your account.",
  "wallets-2-b-label": "In a file on your computer",
  "wallets-2-b-explanation": "This is not the most secure option. Hacker are increasingly looking for cryptocurrency related information on target devices. If a hacker accesses the file with your seed phrase they will gain access to your account.",
  "wallets-2-c-label": "In a text message to a trusted family member",
  "wallets-2-c-explanation": "You should never text your seed phrase to anyone. The message could be intercepted by a third party, and even if you trust this person absolutely, you do not know who may be able to access their phone.",
  "wallets-2-d-label": "None of the above",
  "wallets-2-d-explanation": "Your seed phrase should be stored in a secure manner, ideally offline. Writing it down on paper is often recommended for this reason, but secure password managers are a good alternative.",
  "wallets-3-prompt": "Who should you give your seed phrase / private keys to?",
  "wallets-3-a-label": "Someone you’re paying",
  "wallets-3-a-explanation": "You should never give your seed phrase or private keys to anyone. Instead, send tokens to their wallet address via a transaction.",
  "wallets-3-b-label": "To login to a dapp or wallet",
  "wallets-3-b-explanation": "You should never give your seed phrase / private keys to login to your wallet or dapp.",
  "wallets-3-c-label": "Support staff",
  "wallets-3-c-explanation": "You should never give your seed phrase / private keys to anyone claiming to be support staff. Anyone asking you for this is a scammer.",
  "wallets-3-d-label": "No one",
  "wallets-3-d-explanation": "Ideally, you should never give your seed phrase or private keys to anyone. If you trust someone completely with absolute access to your funds (such as a spouse), then you may decide to share this information with them.",
  "wallets-4-prompt": "A wallet and an account on Ethereum are the same thing.",
  "wallets-4-a-label": "True",
  "wallets-4-a-explanation": "A wallet is a visual interface used to interact with an Ethereum account.",
  "wallets-4-b-label": "False",
  "wallets-4-b-explanation": "A wallet is a visual interface used to interact with an Ethereum account.",
  "security-1-prompt": "Why should you use unique passwords for all of your accounts?",
  "security-1-a-label": "In case one of the platforms has a data breach",
  "security-1-a-explanation": "This answer is correct, but there are also other correct answers.",
  "security-1-b-label": "In case someone looking over your shoulder works out your password",
  "security-1-b-explanation": "This answer is correct, but there are also other correct answers.",
  "security-1-c-label": "In case malware, such as a key-logger, steals your password",
  "security-1-c-explanation": "This answer is correct, but there are also other correct answers.",
  "security-1-d-label": "All of the above",
  "security-1-d-explanation": "All answers are correct. Using unique passwords is the best way to prevent anyone else from accessing your account.",
  "security-2-prompt": "Following The Merge, ETH must be upgraded to ETH2.",
  "security-2-a-label": "True",
  "security-2-a-explanation": "You do not need to upgrade your ETH to ETH2. There is no ETH2 and this is a common narrative used by scammers.",
  "security-2-b-label": "False",
  "security-2-b-explanation": "You do not need to upgrade your ETH to ETH2. There is no ETH2 and this is a common narrative used by scammers.",
  "security-3-prompt": "ETH giveaways are:",
  "security-3-a-label": "A good way to get more ETH",
  "security-3-a-explanation": "ETH giveaways are scams designed to steal your ETH and other tokens. They are never a good way to get more ETH.",
  "security-3-b-label": "Always genuine",
  "security-3-b-explanation": "ETH giveaways are never genuine.",
  "security-3-c-label": "Commonly performed by prominent members of the community",
  "security-3-c-explanation": "Prominent community members do not do ETH giveaways. Scammers pretend well-know individuals, such as Elon Musk, are doing giveaways to give them the scam a sense of legitimacy.",
  "security-3-d-label": "Are very likely to be a scam",
  "security-3-d-explanation": "ETH giveaways are always scams. Reporting and ignoring scammers is best.",
  "security-4-prompt": "Ethereum transactions are reversible.",
  "security-4-a-label": "True",
  "security-4-a-explanation": "Ethereum transactions cannot be reversed. Anyone who tells you otherwise might be trying to scam you.",
  "security-4-b-label": "False",
  "security-4-b-explanation": "Ethereum transactions cannot be reversed. Anyone who tells you otherwise might be trying to scam you.",
  "nfts-1-prompt": "NFTs are most comprehensively defined as:",
  "nfts-1-a-label": "unique digital assets",
  "nfts-1-a-explanation": "NFTs represent a unique digital asset.",
  "nfts-1-b-label": "digital artwork",
  "nfts-1-b-explanation": "NFTs represent a unique digital asset, this is commonly digital artwork, but it isn’t limited to art.",
  "nfts-1-c-label": "tickets to exclusive events",
  "nfts-1-c-explanation": "NFTs represent a unique digital asset, this could be a ticketing system, but it isn't limited to tickets.",
  "nfts-1-d-label": "legally binding contracts",
  "nfts-1-d-explanation": "Although a legal contract could be represented as an NFT, NFTs are not exclusive to legally binding contracts.",
  "nfts-2-prompt": "Two NFTs representing the same artwork are the same thing.",
  "nfts-2-a-label": "True",
  "nfts-2-a-explanation": "NFTs are non-fungible. This means even if they represent the piece of digital art, they are still uniquely identifiable. In the traditional artworld, this might be similar to originals and prints.",
  "nfts-2-b-label": "False",
  "nfts-2-b-explanation": "NFTs are non-fungible. This means even if they represent the piece of digital art, they are still uniquely identifiable. In the traditional artworld, this might be similar to originals and prints.",
  "nfts-3-prompt": "NFTs most commonly represent:",
  "nfts-3-a-label": "The password to your wallet",
  "nfts-3-a-explanation": "This is a security risk and generally a bad idea!",
  "nfts-3-b-label": "Ownership of a unique digital item",
  "nfts-3-b-explanation": "NFTs commonly represent ownership of a unique digital item.",
  "nfts-3-c-label": "Your current ETH balance",
  "nfts-3-c-explanation": "NFTs cannot represent your ETH balance arbitrarily.",
  "nfts-3-d-label": "All of the above",
  "nfts-3-d-explanation": "NFTs commonly represent ownership of a unique digital item, not ETH balances or wallet passwords.",
  "nfts-4-prompt": "NFTs have helped create a new:",
  "nfts-4-a-label": "curator economy",
  "nfts-4-a-explanation": "NFTs helped create a new economy for creators, not curators.",
  "nfts-4-b-label": "carbon economy",
  "nfts-4-b-explanation": "NFTs helped create a new economy for creators, not carbon.",
  "nfts-4-c-label": "creator economy",
  "nfts-4-c-explanation": "NFTs helped create the creator economy.",
  "nfts-4-d-label": "doge economy",
  "nfts-4-d-explanation": "NFTs helped create a new economy for creators, not doges 🐶.",
  "nfts-5-prompt": "NFTs on Ethereum are harmful to the environment",
  "nfts-5-a-label": "True",
  "nfts-5-a-explanation": "Since The Merge (transition to proof-of-stake), any transaction has been a negligible impact on the environment.",
  "nfts-5-b-label": "False",
  "nfts-5-b-explanation": "Since The Merge (transition to proof-of-stake), any transaction has been a negligible impact on the environment.",
  "rollups-1-prompt": "Layer 2 blockchain networks are for:",
  "rollups-1-a-label": "Scaling Ethereum",
  "rollups-1-a-explanation": "The primary purpose of rollups and other layer 2 solutions is for scaling Ethereum.",
  "rollups-1-b-label": "Making payments",
  "rollups-1-b-explanation": "The primary purpose of rollups and other layer 2 solutions is for scaling Ethereum.",
  "rollups-1-c-label": "Buying NFTs",
  "rollups-1-c-explanation": "The primary purpose of rollups and other layer 2 solutions is for scaling Ethereum.",
  "rollups-1-d-label": "Decentralizing Ethereum",
  "rollups-1-d-explanation": "The primary purpose of rollups and other layer 2 solutions is for scaling Ethereum.",
  "rollups-2-prompt": "To scale, most alternative layer 1 networks have primarily sacrificed on:",
  "rollups-2-a-label": "Security",
  "rollups-2-a-explanation": "Most alternative Layer 1 networks sacrifice on security and something else in order to scale.",
  "rollups-2-b-label": "Decentralization",
  "rollups-2-b-explanation": "Most alternative Layer 1 networks sacrifice on decentralization and something else in order to scale.",
  "rollups-2-c-label": "Token price",
  "rollups-2-c-explanation": "Token price does not have any impact on scaling ability.",
  "rollups-2-d-label": "Security and decentralization",
  "rollups-2-d-explanation": "Most alternative layer 1 networks sacrifice on both security and decentralization in order to scale.",
  "rollups-3-prompt": "Which of the following are not considered to be layer 2?",
  "rollups-3-a-label": "Validiums",
  "rollups-3-a-explanation": "Validiums are not considered to be layer 2 solutions as they do not derive security or data availability from Ethereum. This is not the only correct answer.",
  "rollups-3-b-label": "Sidechains",
  "rollups-3-b-explanation": "Sidechains are not considered to be layer 2 solutions as they do not derive security or data availability from Ethereum. This is not the only correct answer.",
  "rollups-3-c-label": "Alternative layer 1 blockchains",
  "rollups-3-c-explanation": "Alternative layer 1 blockchains are not considered to be layer 2 solutions. This is not the only correct answer.",
  "rollups-3-d-label": "All of the above",
  "rollups-3-d-explanation": "Validiums, Sidechains, and alternative layer 1 blockchains are not considered to be layer 2 solutions as they do not derive security or data availability from Ethereum.",
  "rollups-4-prompt": "Why does Ethereum not have an ‘official’ layer 2?",
  "rollups-4-a-label": "Core developers are too busy working on Ethereum",
  "rollups-4-a-explanation": "There are no plans for an ‘official’ layer 2 on Ethereum as we’ll benefit from a wide-variety of approaches to designing layer 2 solutions.",
  "rollups-4-b-label": "As an L1, Ethereum will eventually reach mass scaling on its own",
  "rollups-4-b-explanation": "There are no plans for an ‘official’ layer 2 on Ethereum as we’ll benefit from a wide-variety of approaches to designing layer 2 solutions.",
  "rollups-4-c-label": "Core developers are still debating between optimistic and zk-rollups",
  "rollups-4-c-explanation": "There are no plans for an ‘official’ layer 2 on Ethereum as we’ll benefit from a wide-variety of approaches to designing layer 2 solutions.",
  "rollups-4-d-label": "Ethereum will benefit from a wide-variety of approaches to designing an L2",
  "rollups-4-d-explanation": "There are no plans for an ‘official’ layer 2 on Ethereum as we’ll benefit from a wide-variety of approaches to designing layer 2 solutions.",
  "merge-1-prompt": "The Merge moved Ethereum onto which consensus mechanism?",
  "merge-1-a-label": "Proof-of-work",
  "merge-1-a-explanation": "Proof-of-work was the consensus mechanism used before The Merge.",
  "merge-1-b-label": "Proof-of-stake",
  "merge-1-b-explanation": "Correct! The Merge moved Ethereum onto proof-of-stake.",
  "merge-1-c-label": "Proof-of-authority",
  "merge-1-c-explanation": "Ethereum does not, and has never used proof-of-authority on Ethereum Mainnet.",
  "merge-1-d-label": "All of the above",
  "merge-1-d-explanation": "It would not be possible for Ethereum to have all of these consensus mechanisms at once.",
  "merge-2-prompt": "The Merge reduced Ethereum’s energy consumption by:",
  "merge-2-a-label": "50%",
  "merge-2-a-explanation": "Ethereum’s energy consumption was reduced by 99.95% after The Merge enabled the transition from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake.",
  "merge-2-b-label": "62.5%",
  "merge-2-b-explanation": "Ethereum’s energy consumption was reduced by 99.95% after The Merge enabled the transition from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake.",
  "merge-2-c-label": "90%",
  "merge-2-c-explanation": "Ethereum’s energy consumption was reduced by 99.95% after The Merge enabled the transition from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake.",
  "merge-2-d-label": "99.95%",
  "merge-2-d-explanation": "Ethereum’s energy consumption was reduced by 99.95% after The Merge enabled the transition from proof-of-work to proof-of-stake.",
  "merge-3-prompt": "When did The Merge happen?",
  "merge-3-a-label": "September 15th 2022",
  "merge-3-a-explanation": "The Merge happened on September 15th 2022 at 06:42:42 AM (UTC).",
  "merge-3-b-label": "December 1st 2020",
  "merge-3-b-explanation": "The Merge happened later than this. December 1st 2020 was when the Beacon Chain was launched.",
  "merge-3-c-label": "November 27 2013",
  "merge-3-c-explanation": "The Merge happened later than this. November 27, 2013 was when the Ethereum whitepaper was released.",
  "merge-3-d-label": "October 31st 2008",
  "merge-3-d-explanation": "The Merge happened later than this. October 31st is the day the Bitcoin Whitepaper was released.",
  "merge-4-prompt": "The Merge meant users had to exchange their ETH for ETH2:",
  "merge-4-a-label": "True",
  "merge-4-a-explanation": "ETH did not change at any point before, during, or after The Merge. The idea of ‘upgrading’ ETH to ETH2 was a common tactic by malicious actors to scam users.",
  "merge-4-b-label": "False",
  "merge-4-b-explanation": "ETH did not change at any point before, during, or after The Merge. The idea of ‘upgrading’ ETH to ETH2 was a common tactic by malicious actors to scam users.",
  "merge-5-prompt": "Ethereum’s consensus layer was formerly known as:",
  "merge-5-a-label": "Proof-of-work",
  "merge-5-a-explanation": "Proof-of-work was the consensus mechanism used before The Merge.",
  "merge-5-b-label": "Eth2",
  "merge-5-b-explanation": "Before being renamed the consensus layer, it was originally called ‘Eth2’.",
  "merge-5-c-label": "Eth1",
  "merge-5-c-explanation": "Eth1 was the original name given to the execution layer, not the consensus layer.",
  "merge-5-d-label": "Staking",
  "merge-5-d-explanation": "Staking is depositing ETH into a smart contract to help secure the chain.",
  "gas-1-prompt": "What are gas fees?",
  "gas-1-a-label": "A fee associated with transactions and smart contract operations",
  "gas-1-a-explanation": "Partially correct, gas fees represent the cost of transactions and smart contract operations.",
  "gas-1-b-label": "The amount of gas used to perform an operation, multiplied by the cost per unit of gas",
  "gas-1-b-explanation": "Partially correct, while gas is a unit that measures computation, gas fees are the actual cost required to pay for that computation.",
  "gas-1-c-label": "A payment that includes a priority fee to potentially expedite transaction processing",
  "gas-1-c-explanation": "Partially correct, the total gas fee includes a base fee and a priority fee that can influence transaction processing speed",
  "gas-1-d-label": "All of the above",
  "gas-1-d-explanation": "Gas fees encompass all these aspects: they compensate for computation (B), apply to both transactions and smart contracts (A), and can include priority fees for faster inclusion (C).",
  "gas-2-prompt": "Which of the following is the LEAST effective strategy for reducing the cost of gas?",
  "gas-2-a-label": " Executing transactions during low-congestion periods",
  "gas-2-a-explanation": "Timing transactions during off-peak hours can lower gas costs.",
  "gas-2-b-label": "Waiting for gas prices to decrease",
  "gas-2-b-explanation": "Waiting for gas prices to decrease is a valid strategy since gas fluctuates based on congestion.",
  "gas-2-c-label": "Using layer-2 chains for lower fees",
  "gas-2-c-explanation": "Layer-2 solutions reduce fees and are an effective way to save on gas.",
  "gas-2-d-label": "Using complex smart contract logic that increases computational requirements",
  "gas-2-d-explanation": "Complex smart contract logic increases gas costs by requiring more computation. Efficient design minimizes steps, storage, and redundant operations to reduce fees.",
  "gas-3-prompt": "What causes gas fees to be high?",
  "gas-3-a-label": "Network computation exceeding a specific threshold",
  "gas-3-a-explanation": "When computation on Ethereum exceeds a threshold, gas fees increase, especially during high activity periods like dApps or NFT drops.",
  "gas-3-b-label": "Validators increasing the base fee manually",
  "gas-3-b-explanation": "Validators do not manually set base fees; they are determined by the protocol.",
  "gas-3-c-label": "Well-written, optimized smart contracts",
  "gas-3-c-explanation": "Well-written smart contract logic such as efficient use of storage and loops can lead to lower gas consumption.",
  "gas-3-d-label": "A lack of available ETH on the network",
  "gas-3-d-explanation": "Gas fees are not affected by the amount of ETH available on the network.",
  "gas-4-prompt": "How do gas fees help keep Ethereum secure?",
  "gas-4-a-label": "By incentivizing validators to act honestly",
  "gas-4-a-explanation": "Validators are compensated in a few ways, but gas fees primarily discourage spam and excessive resource use.",
  "gas-4-b-label": "By disincentivizing spam and malicious activity with financial costs",
  "gas-4-b-explanation": "Gas fees make spam or malicious activity expensive, preventing abuse and helping maintain network stability.",
  "gas-4-c-label": "By ensuring transactions are processed in order of priority",
  "gas-4-c-explanation": "Priority can be determined by the tip, not the gas fees themselves.",
  "gas-4-d-label": "By increasing the total amount of ETH in circulation",
  "gas-4-d-explanation": "The base fee (part of the total gas fee) is burned, reducing ETH in circulation, not increasing it",
  "gas-5-prompt": "How are gas fees calculated?",
  "gas-5-a-label": "Gas price × transaction size",
  "gas-5-a-explanation": "Gas fees are based on computation, not transaction size.",
  "gas-5-b-label": "Units of gas used × (base fee + priority fee)",
  "gas-5-b-explanation": "Gas fees are determined using the formula: units of gas used × (base fee + priority fee).",
  "gas-5-c-label": "Block size × validator tip cap",
  "gas-5-c-explanation": "Block size does not directly factor into this formula.",
  "gas-5-d-label": "Base fee + priority fee + tip",
  "gas-5-d-explanation": "The base fee and priority fee are part of the formula; the tip is the priority fee.",
  "daos-1-prompt": "What is true about DAOs?",
  "daos-1-a-label": "DAOs are collectively owned via governance tokens",
  "daos-1-a-explanation": "DAOs are collectively owned, but that’s not the only correct statement.",
  "daos-1-b-label": "They are governed by their members",
  "daos-1-b-explanation": "DAOs are governed by their members, but that’s not the only correct statement.",
  "daos-1-c-label": "They are working towards a shared mission",
  "daos-1-c-explanation": "DAOs are working towards a shared mission, but that’s not the only correct statement.",
  "daos-1-d-label": "All of the above",
  "daos-1-d-explanation": "Correct, a DAO is a collectively-owned, blockchain-governed organization working towards a shared mission.",
  "daos-2-prompt": "What are practical examples of how to use a DAO?",
  "daos-2-a-label": "Decentralized protocols, members vote on the matters of the protocol or how to develop the product",
  "daos-2-a-explanation": "Protocol DAOs are one example, but DAOs are not limited to that.",
  "daos-2-b-label": "Collective ownership, e.g., for NFTs or physical assets",
  "daos-2-b-explanation": "Collector DAOs are one example, but DAOs are not limited to that.",
  "daos-2-c-label": "Ventures and grants, pool capital and vote on projects to fund",
  "daos-2-c-explanation": "Venture or grants DAOs are one example, but DAOs are not limited to that.",
  "daos-2-d-label": "All of the above",
  "daos-2-d-explanation": "A DAO can have a multitude of 'missions'.",
  "daos-3-prompt": "Unlike traditional organizations, DAOs are…",
  "daos-3-a-label": "Usually hierarchical",
  "daos-3-a-explanation": "DAOs are usually flat, and fully democratized.",
  "daos-3-b-label": "Transparent and fully public about their activities",
  "daos-3-b-explanation": "Thanks to onchain voting, decisions are transparent on the blockchain. Discussions and other elements of the decision-making process are open to all members.",
  "daos-3-c-label": "Controlled by a central party",
  "daos-3-c-explanation": "Changes require voting by the members. Services offered are handled automatically in a decentralized manner.",
  "daos-3-d-label": "Restricted regarding who can suggest changes",
  "daos-3-d-explanation": "Usually, every DAO member can suggest changes.",
  "daos-4-prompt": "What is essential about smart contracts for DAOs?",
  "daos-4-a-label": "The smart contract code can be modified",
  "daos-4-a-explanation": "Once the contract is live on Ethereum, no one can change the rules except by a vote. This allows the DAO to run by the rules it was programmed with.",
  "daos-4-b-label": "It has an individual owner who retains authority to make changes and send from the treasury.",
  "daos-4-b-explanation": "The treasury is defined by the smart contract. To spend money, the group's approval is needed.",
  "daos-4-c-label": "Trust in the underlying blockchain's distributed consensus",
  "daos-4-c-explanation": "It’s important for a DAO that the underlying blockchain cannot be manipulated. Ethereum’s own consensus is distributed and established enough for organizations to trust the network.",
  "daos-4-d-label": "DAOs don’t need smart contracts",
  "daos-4-d-explanation": "The backbone of a DAO is its smart contract, which defines the rules of the organization and holds the group's treasury.",
  "daos-5-prompt": "What is not a mechanism to govern a DAO?",
  "daos-5-a-label": "Token-based membership",
  "daos-5-a-explanation": "Token-based governance is very widely used. It’s usually fully permissionless and is typically used to govern broad decentralized protocols and/or tokens themselves.",
  "daos-5-b-label": "Share-based membership",
  "daos-5-b-explanation": "Share-based DAOs are more permissioned but still quite open. Any prospective member can submit a proposal to join the DAO, usually offering a tribute of some value in the form of tokens or work.",
  "daos-5-c-label": "Reputation-based membership",
  "daos-5-c-explanation": "Unlike token or share-based membership, reputation-based DAOs don't transfer ownership to contributors. DAO members must earn reputation through participation.",
  "daos-5-d-label": "Executive board and offchain treasury management",
  "daos-5-d-explanation": "This approach uses highly centralized and opaque mechanisms of governing. On the contrary, DAOs use verifiable voting mechanisms and onchain treasury management to ensure transparency and accountability.",
  "staking-solo-1-prompt": "Which is true about slashing?",
  "staking-solo-1-a-label": "Penalty for being offline, rewards resume when back online",
  "staking-solo-1-a-explanation": "Being offline does NOT result in slashing. Small penalties are incurred for being offline, and rewards resume when the validator returns online and resumes attestations.",
  "staking-solo-1-b-label": "Penalty for being offline, validator is immediately prohibited from attesting ever again",
  "staking-solo-1-b-explanation": "Being offline does NOT result in slashing. While slashing will result in the validator being prohibited from ever attesting again and is ultimately forcefully ejected, being offline will NOT result in ejection from the network.",
  "staking-solo-1-c-label": "Penalty for breaking specific consensus rules, rewards resume after slashing",
  "staking-solo-1-c-explanation": "Slashing is a serious penalty for breaking specific consensus rules that present a threat to the network. As such, once a validator is slashed they are immediately prohibited from attesting any further, and are ultimately forcefully ejected from the network and remaining ETH is withdrawn to the owner.",
  "staking-solo-1-d-label": "Penalty for breaking specific consensus rules, validator is immediately prohibited from attesting ever again",
  "staking-solo-1-d-explanation": "Slashing is a serious penalty for breaking specific consensus rules that present a threat to the network. As such, once a validator is slashed they are immediately prohibited from attesting any further, and are ultimately forcefully ejected from the network and remaining ETH is withdrawn to the owner.",
  "staking-solo-2-prompt": "What happens if a validator goes offline?",
  "staking-solo-2-a-label": "No affect on rewards",
  "staking-solo-2-a-explanation": "Penalties are incurred when a validator is unavailable to attest to the state of the chain for any given epoch. The size of these penalties is approximately equal to 75% of what the reward for a proper attestation would have been. Rewards resume when validator goes back online, and NO slashing occurs.",
  "staking-solo-2-b-label": "Inactivity penalties are incurred only while unavailable",
  "staking-solo-2-b-explanation": "While unavailable, a validator will incur small inactivity penalties, approximately equal to 75% of what the reward would have been for a proper attestation. In rare/extreme cases where the network is not finalizing (i.e. over 1/3 of the network is also offline), these penalties are significantly greater. Rewards resume when validator goes back online, and no slashing occurs.",
  "staking-solo-2-c-label": "Immediate slashing and removal from the network",
  "staking-solo-2-c-explanation": "This is a common misconception, but going offline does NOT result in slashing! Slashing is a specific type of penalty for more serious offense, with larger penalties and also results in removal from the validator set.",
  "staking-solo-2-d-label": "One week delay before slashing and ejection",
  "staking-solo-2-d-explanation": "Being offline does NOT result in slashing, even after extended period of time. A validator could theoretically be offline for years without being slashed, though inactivity penalties would mount if the validator does not exit.",
  "staking-solo-3-prompt": "What is the max effective balance of a validator?",
  "staking-solo-3-a-label": "16",
  "staking-solo-3-a-explanation": "Validators who drop to an effective balance of 16 ETH are automatically exited from the Beacon Chain.",
  "staking-solo-3-b-label": "32",
  "staking-solo-3-b-explanation": "32 ETH is both the minimum ETH required to activate a new validator, and also the maximum 'effective balance' (vote weight) for that validator. Rewards above 32 can be accrued, but this balance does not contribute to the weight of that validators vote on the network and rewards are not increased.",
  "staking-solo-3-c-label": "Variable depending on the operator",
  "staking-solo-3-c-explanation": "The rules of consensus apply to every validator account equally and are not dependent upon the individual operating the node. The max effective balance of all validators is 32 ETH.",
  "staking-solo-3-d-label": "No limit",
  "staking-solo-3-d-explanation": "Each validator account is limited to an effective balance of 32 ETH, limiting the overall power of any single validator on the network. This also limits how much ETH can be staked or un-staked in a given time period, as validator activations and exits are processed through a rate-limited queue.",
  "staking-solo-4-prompt": "Which is NOT a reward received as a validator?",
  "staking-solo-4-a-label": "Block reward",
  "staking-solo-4-a-explanation": "Validators receive rewards in the form of new ETH issuance for proposing a valid block when randomly selected by the protocol. These rewards are separate from the fees and MEV that are also earned when proposing blocks.",
  "staking-solo-4-b-label": "Fee tips / MEV",
  "staking-solo-4-b-explanation": "Fee tips (unburnt portion of fees) and MEV earnings are distributed to the block proposer (staker/validator) via the fee recipient address provided by that validator. These rewards are separate from the block reward also earned when proposing blocks.",
  "staking-solo-4-c-label": "Head of chain attestation reward",
  "staking-solo-4-c-explanation": "Validators receive rewards in the form of new ETH issuance for correctly and promptly attesting to the head of the chain, the current justified epoch head, and the current finalized epoch head.",
  "staking-solo-4-d-label": "Uniswap trading fees",
  "staking-solo-4-d-explanation": "Trading fees generated by trading platforms and exchanges are not received by Ethereum validators.",
  "staking-solo-5-prompt": "What uptime is required for a validator to be profitable?",
  "staking-solo-5-a-label": "100%",
  "staking-solo-5-a-explanation": "Although an ideal target, achieving 100% uptime is not the minimum requirement for a validator to remain profitable.",
  "staking-solo-5-b-label": "~99%",
  "staking-solo-5-b-explanation": "Although an excellent target, achieving 99% uptime is not the minimum requirement for a validator to remain profitable.",
  "staking-solo-5-c-label": "~50%",
  "staking-solo-5-c-explanation": "Validators are penalized approximately 75% of what they would have been rewarded for correctly and promptly attesting to the state of the chain. This means for a given time period, being offline 50% of that time will still be net profitable, albeit less profitable than a more reliably available validator.",
  "staking-solo-5-d-label": "~25%",
  "staking-solo-5-d-explanation": "A validator with only 25% uptime will be incurring penalties for the other 75% of the time. Given the similar size of rewards and penalties, being offline for 3x the amount of time online will result in a net loss of ETH for that time period.",
  "staking-solo-6-prompt": "Which of the following is NOT a slashable offense?",
  "staking-solo-6-a-label": "Being offline",
  "staking-solo-6-a-explanation": "Simply being offline does not result in slashing. It will result in small inactivity penalties while offline, but will resume attesting when back online.",
  "staking-solo-6-b-label": "Proposing and signing two different blocks for the same slot",
  "staking-solo-6-b-explanation": "This threatens the integrity of the network and will result in slashing and ejection from the network.",
  "staking-solo-6-c-label": "Attesting to a block that 'surrounds' another one (effectively changing history)",
  "staking-solo-6-d-label": "'Double voting' by attesting to two candidates for the same block",
  "staking-solo-7-prompt": "Which is NOT a way to protect/prevent your validator from being slashed?",
  "staking-solo-7-a-label": "Avoid overly redundant setups, and only store your keys with one validator client at a time",
  "staking-solo-7-a-explanation": "The majority of slashing to date are from operators storing their signing keys on more than one machine, as a redundant backup. This is highly risky, as any malfunction can result in double voting and slashing.",
  "staking-solo-7-b-label": "Run client software as-is without altering the code yourself",
  "staking-solo-7-b-explanation": "Client software is written and tested to protect against performing slashable actions. To execute a slashable action, this would typically require altering the client code yourself in a malicious manner.",
  "staking-solo-7-c-label": "Run a client that is being used by the majority of other validators",
  "staking-solo-7-c-explanation": "Using the same client as a majority of the rest of the network puts you at risk for being slashed in the event of a software bug in that client. Running a minority client protects against this.",
  "staking-solo-7-d-label": "Disable validator for 2-4 epochs before migrating keys to a new machine",
  "staking-solo-7-d-explanation": "This allows time to allow the chain to finalize while your node is offline, to minimize any risk of accidental double voting and slashing during key migration.",
  "staking-solo-8-prompt": "Which is NOT required to receive reward payments / partial withdrawals?",
  "staking-solo-8-a-label": "Providing an execution withdrawal address one time",
  "staking-solo-8-a-explanation": "This is required once for the withdrawal process to know where to send any consensus layer funds to",
  "staking-solo-8-b-label": "Having an effective balance of 32 ETH",
  "staking-solo-8-b-explanation": "Your effective balance must be maxed out at 32 ETH before any partial withdrawals will trigger.",
  "staking-solo-8-c-label": "Having a total balance over 32 ETH",
  "staking-solo-8-c-explanation": "Your total balance must have rewards above 32 ETH for any partial withdrawals to trigger.",
  "staking-solo-8-d-label": "Submitting requested withdrawal amount with gas payment",
  "staking-solo-8-d-explanation": "Once the other criteria are met, reward payments are automatic. Recipients do not need to submit a transaction or pay gas. Amount withdrawn is equal to validator's balance in excess of 32. Custom amounts cannot be requested.",
  "scaling-1-prompt": "Which of the following is Ethereum using to scale?",
  "scaling-1-a-label": "Layer 2 rollups",
  "scaling-1-a-explanation": "These help Ethereum scale by bundling transactions, executing them, and then posting the results to Ethereum for validation and securing. Examples or rollups include Arbitrum or Optimism. This is not the only way Ethereum is scaling.",
  "scaling-1-b-label": "Proto-Danksharding",
  "scaling-1-b-explanation": "This provides a temporary and inexpensive storage option for saving rollup data to Mainnet, which currently is responsible for approximately 90% of the cost a user encounters on a rollup. This is not the only way Ethereum is scaling.",
  "scaling-1-c-label": "Danksharding",
  "scaling-1-c-explanation": "This removes the need for every validator and node on the network from being required to store 100% of the data for all rollups, reducing hardware requirements for node operators. This is not the only way Ethereum is scaling.",
  "scaling-1-d-label": "All of the above",
  "scaling-1-d-explanation": "Layer 2 rollups bundle transactions, Proto-Danksharding creates cheap temporary storage for this data, and Danksharding shares the storage burden across all validators—all helping Ethereum scale.",
  "scaling-2-prompt": "After bundling transactions and executing them, what do layer 2 rollups do next?",
  "scaling-2-a-label": "Store the data on a private server",
  "scaling-2-a-explanation": "Results are posted to Mainnet for transparency and public availability, and are not reliant on private servers.",
  "scaling-2-b-label": "Sends the proof to the user for storage",
  "scaling-2-b-explanation": "Users are not expected to hold onto the results of their transaction. This information is posted to Mainnet.",
  "scaling-2-c-label": "Submit the results to Ethereum",
  "scaling-2-c-explanation": "Layer 2 rollups post the results of their transaction execution to Mainnet, securing it in Ethereum's history",
  "scaling-2-d-label": "Delete the result to reduce costs",
  "scaling-2-d-explanation": "Layer 2 rollups post the results of their transaction execution to Mainnet. The cost savings achieved with this approach is by bundling and compressing transaction data, and ultimately storing it in cheap storage that expires once made available to those who need it.",
  "scaling-3-prompt": "How does Proto-Danksharding reduce rollup transaction costs on rollups?",
  "scaling-3-a-label": "Directly increasing the block size",
  "scaling-3-a-explanation": "Proto-Danksharding does not directly increase the gas limit, but does make the storage of rollup data less expensive by making temporary storage available",
  "scaling-3-b-label": "Splitting up which validators are required to store the data",
  "scaling-3-b-explanation": "Although full Danksharding is expected to reduce the need for all validators to store all of the data, this is preceded by Proto-Danksharding which forms a less-expensive, temporary storage option for the data produced by rollups.",
  "scaling-3-c-label": "Significantly increasing hardware requirements for node operators",
  "scaling-3-c-explanation": "This is generally not considered an acceptable option for scaling Ethereum. Great efforts are taken to minimize hardware requirements for operating a node to keep it as accessible as possible.",
  "scaling-3-d-label": "Storing its data in cheaper, temporary 'blob' storage",
  "scaling-3-d-explanation": "Proto-Danksharding introduces a temporary data storage option for rollups to allow them to more cheaply post its results to Mainnet",
  "scaling-4-prompt": "What is a critical next step for rollups to scale Ethereum?",
  "scaling-4-a-label": "Incentivize entities with powerful computers to handle all of the sequencing",
  "scaling-4-a-explanation": "One of the problems with current rollups is the centralized nature of those running the sequencers (those who decide the inclusion and ordering of transactions within a rollup). The goal is to allow anyone to participate, and not rely on a single group or entity in any way.",
  "scaling-4-b-label": "Distribute responsibility for running sequencers and provers across more people",
  "scaling-4-b-explanation": "Control over a rollup typically starts off centralized, which helps get things started, but leaves the network prone to censorship. Decentralizing the process of including transactions so anyone can participate is essential to prevent the possibility of network compromise.",
  "scaling-4-c-label": "Make all rollups conform to the same method of security",
  "scaling-4-c-explanation": "Ethereum benefits from having a wide range of approaches to security within its rollup ecosystem as a form of resiliency.",
  "scaling-4-d-label": "Data oracles to confirm storage of transaction data on private servers",
  "scaling-4-d-explanation": "Rollup data is stored on Ethereum, and does not rely on private servers or databases.",
  "run-a-node-1-prompt": "What is required to run a node?",
  "run-a-node-1-a-label": "Running client software with modest hardware while staying online.",
  "run-a-node-1-a-explanation": "Operating a node consists of running software that communicates using the language of the Ethereum protocol with other computers doing the same. This software downloads a copy of the Ethereum blockchain, verifies the validity of every block, then keeps it up-to-date with new blocks and transactions, while helping others download and update their own copies.",
  "run-a-node-1-b-label": "Deposit 32 ETH to earn rewards",
  "run-a-node-1-b-explanation": "This is a requirement for staking—the process of becoming an active participant in network consensus. This is not required to simply run a sovereign copy of the blockchain, which requires NO ETH.",
  "run-a-node-1-c-label": "Operate powerful ASIC mining machines to reach network consensus",
  "run-a-node-1-c-explanation": "Although Ethereum previously used mining with powerful computers to reach consensus, this process has been replaced entirely by staking. Neither mining in the past, nor staking currently, are required to simply operate a sovereign copy of the blockchain.",
  "run-a-node-1-d-label": "Work full time in blockchain infrastructure",
  "run-a-node-1-d-explanation": "Software tooling has continued to improve over time making running a node from home as a novice much more approachable. Working full-time in blockchain infrastructure is by no means a requirement to get involved.",
  "run-a-node-2-prompt": "How much ETH do you need to stake to run a node?",
  "run-a-node-2-a-label": "0",
  "run-a-node-2-a-explanation": "Operating an Ethereum node does not require any ETH. In contrast to operating a staking validator as part of a node setup, anyone is free to run client software and sync their own sovereign copy of the blockchain—no ETH required.",
  "run-a-node-2-b-label": "8",
  "run-a-node-2-c-label": "16",
  "run-a-node-2-d-label": "32",
  "run-a-node-2-d-explanation": "Operating an Ethereum node does not require any ETH. In contrast to the 32 ETH required to activate a staking validator that participates directly in network consensus, anyone is free to run client software and sync their own sovereign copy of the blockchain—no ETH required.",
  "run-a-node-3-prompt": "What benefits do you get from running your own node?",
  "run-a-node-3-a-label": "Censorship resistance",
  "run-a-node-3-a-explanation": "This is a benefit to users, but is not the only one. By running node software that communicates directly with other peers on the network, your transactions get mixed in with every other transaction your node is propagating. As such, it's nearly impossible to differentiate and censor a valid transaction that your node has shared.",
  "run-a-node-3-b-label": "Sovereignty",
  "run-a-node-3-b-explanation": "This is a benefit to users, but not the only one. By having your own copy of the Ethereum blockchain, you no longer depend on any single external party to interact with the network. You never have to ask permission to look up your balance, or to execute a transaction, and all transactions are verified using software you're running yourself. When network upgrades occur, you're in charge of whether to support the upgrade or not.",
  "run-a-node-3-c-label": "Privacy",
  "run-a-node-3-c-explanation": "This is a benefit to users, but is not the only one. Without your own node, simply looking up your account balances typically requires sending a list of your accounts from your wallet, attached to your IP address, to a third-party provider who then is being trusted to provide you with the correct information.",
  "run-a-node-3-d-label": "All of the above",
  "run-a-node-3-d-explanation": "Running a node gives you full control and sovereignty over the data you're relying on, allowing you to privately view and verify the contents of the chain, and effectively guarantee that any valid transactions are not censored.",
  "run-a-node-4-prompt": "What hard drive storage is required for an Ethereum node?",
  "run-a-node-4-a-label": "512 GB SSD",
  "run-a-node-4-a-explanation": "Currently, no client software is capable of storing the chain using only 512 GB",
  "run-a-node-4-b-label": "2 TB Rotating",
  "run-a-node-4-b-explanation": "Generally speaking, rotating hard disks do not support the read/write speeds needed to keep up with processing requirements for an Ethereum node, and an SSD drive is recommended",
  "run-a-node-4-c-label": "2 TB SSD",
  "run-a-node-4-c-explanation": "At time of writing, a 2 TB SSD drive should satisfy the storage and read/write speed requirements for a full Ethereum node.",
  "run-a-node-4-d-label": "8 TB SSD",
  "run-a-node-4-d-explanation": "At time of writing, a 2 TB SSD drive should satisfy the storage and read/write speed requirements for a full Ethereum node. An 8 TB SSD would allow for more future-proofing, and the ability to also sync layer 2 chains, but is not currently a requirement for Mainnet.",
  "run-a-node-5-prompt": "What happens if your node goes offline?",
  "run-a-node-5-a-label": "Your node drops out of sync with the current state of the network",
  "run-a-node-5-a-explanation": "When your node is not available online, it is unable to receive new transactions and blocks from peers, and as such falls out-of-sync with the current state of the chain. Connecting back online will allow your node software to get synced back up to be fully functional again.",
  "run-a-node-5-b-label": "The ETH in your cold storage is slashed",
  "run-a-node-5-b-explanation": "ETH held in your cold storage has nothing to do with your node being online or not. If your node is offline, you won't be able to use it to look up the latest balance of your accounts, but being offline does not put your secured funds at risk. If you're also running validator software with your node as a staker, small penalties will be incurred to this validator balance while unavailable to the network.",
  "run-a-node-5-c-label": "The energy used looking for proof-of-work is wasted",
  "run-a-node-5-c-explanation": "Ethereum no longer uses proof-of-work, and this was never a requirement of all node operators. Being offline simply means your node is no longer in sync with the latest changes on the network, and can re-sync by returning online.",
  "run-a-node-5-d-label": "Chain data is removed, and re-syncing from scratch is required",
  "run-a-node-5-d-explanation": "Simply going offline does not typically delete any saved chain data. Connecting back to the internet will allow the software to resume where it left off to sync up with the latest transactions.",
  "run-a-node-6-prompt": "Running a node earns network rewards",
  "run-a-node-6-a-label": "True",
  "run-a-node-6-a-explanation": "Simply running client software does not earn you rewards. To earn rewards, you must also be staking.",
  "run-a-node-6-b-label": "False",
  "stablecoins-1-prompt": "What are stablecoins?",
  "stablecoins-1-a-label": "Cryptocurrencies with low price volatility, their value is steady and similar to traditional currencies",
  "stablecoins-1-a-explanation": "Correct! Stablecoins are designed to address the volatility issue common in many cryptocurrencies.",
  "stablecoins-1-b-label": "Digital representations of gold",
  "stablecoins-1-b-explanation": "This is incorrect. While some stablecoins might be backed by precious metals, they can also be backed by fiat currency or other cryptocurrencies.",
  "stablecoins-1-c-label": "A new type of credit card",
  "stablecoins-1-c-explanation": "This is incorrect. Stablecoins are a type of cryptocurrency, not a credit card.",
  "stablecoins-1-d-label": "A replacement for ether",
  "stablecoins-1-d-explanation": "This is incorrect. Stablecoins are not designed to replace ether (ETH). They are another token on the Ethereum network designed to maintain steady value over time.",
  "stablecoins-2-prompt": "Which of the following is a stablecoin?",
  "stablecoins-2-a-label": "US Dollar",
  "stablecoins-2-a-explanation": "This is incorrect. While stablecoins can represent the US dollar, a US dollar is not a cryptocurrency.",
  "stablecoins-2-b-label": "AAVE token",
  "stablecoins-2-b-explanation": "This is incorrect. AAVE is a governance token for the Aave protocol, which provides marketplaces for stablecoins, but AAVE itself is not a stablecoin.",
  "stablecoins-2-c-label": "Dai",
  "stablecoins-2-c-explanation": "Correct! Dai is probably the most famous decentralized stablecoin, and its value is roughly 1 US Dollar.",
  "stablecoins-2-d-label": "Ether",
  "stablecoins-2-d-explanation": "This is incorrect. Ether is the native currency of the Ethereum network, but it is not intended to be stable.",
  "stablecoins-3-prompt": "What can stablecoins be used for?",
  "stablecoins-3-a-label": "To protect its users from volatile changes in price",
  "stablecoins-3-a-explanation": "Not quite. This answer is partially correct, but it's only one of the many things stablecoins can be used for.",
  "stablecoins-3-b-label": "To buy things on the internet anywhere in the world",
  "stablecoins-3-b-explanation": "Not quite. This answer is partially correct, but it's only one of the many things stablecoins can be used for.",
  "stablecoins-3-c-label": "To earn money by lending to others",
  "stablecoins-3-c-explanation": "Not quite. This answer is partially correct, but it's only one of the many things stablecoins can be used for.",
  "stablecoins-3-d-label": "All of the above",
  "stablecoins-3-d-explanation": "Correct! Stablecoins can be used to hold cryptocurrency with less volatility, transact globally on the internet, and earn interest when you lend them out.",
  "stablecoins-4-prompt": "What makes stablecoins unique?",
  "stablecoins-4-a-label": "It is a token that is tied to an asset in the real world",
  "stablecoins-4-a-explanation": "This is incorrect. While many stablecoins are pegged to real-world assets, this characteristic is not exclusive to stablecoins (e.g., ETH-collateralized tokens).",
  "stablecoins-4-b-label": "It is a cryptocurrency token specifically designed to keep its value steady",
  "stablecoins-4-b-explanation": "Correct! Stablecoins are designed to keep their value relatively stable, typically pegged to assets like currencies (e.g., 1 USDC = 1 US dollar), but not all stablecoins follow this model (e.g., RAI).",
  "stablecoins-4-c-label": "It is capable of being sent over the internet",
  "stablecoins-4-c-explanation": "This is incorrect. While this is a capability, it is not unique to stablecoins.",
  "stablecoins-4-d-label": "It can be used on the Ethereum network.",
  "stablecoins-4-d-explanation": "This is incorrect. Many other cryptocurrency tokens can be used on the Ethereum network.",
  "stablecoins-5-prompt": "What is NOT a way to get stablecoins?",
  "stablecoins-5-a-label": "Swap them with other tokens",
  "stablecoins-5-a-explanation": "Incorrect, this is a way to get stablecoins. One of the most common ways people acquire stablecoins is by swapping their existing cryptocurrencies for stablecoins.",
  "stablecoins-5-b-label": "Borrow them",
  "stablecoins-5-b-explanation": "Incorrect, this is a way to get stablecoins. You can borrow some stablecoins by using your existing cryptocurrencies, such as ether, as collateral. You will need to pay the borrowed stablecoins back to reclaim your locked collateral.",
  "stablecoins-5-c-label": "Buy them from an exchange",
  "stablecoins-5-c-explanation": "Incorrect, this is a way to get stablecoins. Many exchanges and wallets let you buy stablecoins directly. Geographical restrictions may apply for centralized exchanges.",
  "stablecoins-5-d-label": "Mine them",
  "stablecoins-5-d-explanation": "Correct! Unlike bitcoin, you are unable to mine stablecoins.",
  "defi-1-prompt": "What does DeFi stand for?",
  "defi-1-a-label": "Decentralized Finance",
  "defi-1-a-explanation": "Correct! DeFi refers to Decentralized Finance, a financial system built on Ethereum that operates without intermediaries like banks or financial institutions.",
  "defi-1-b-label": "Digital Finance",
  "defi-1-b-explanation": "This is incorrect. Digital Finance refers to financial services that are provided through digital platforms, but it doesn’t specifically imply decentralization.",
  "defi-1-c-label": "Distributed Finance",
  "defi-1-c-explanation": "This is incorrect. While 'distributed' could imply decentralization, the term used in the industry is 'Decentralized Finance,' not Distributed Finance.",
  "defi-1-d-label": "Development Finance",
  "defi-1-d-explanation": "This is incorrect. Development Finance typically refers to financial support provided for projects aimed at economic development, often in developing countries, and is unrelated to blockchain or DeFi.",
  "defi-2-prompt": "What CAN'T you do with DeFi?",
  "defi-2-a-label": "Send money around the globe.",
  "defi-2-a-explanation": "This is incorrect. With DeFi, you can send value to anybody anywhere in the world, without any limits.",
  "defi-2-b-label": "Ask customer support to revert your mistakes.",
  "defi-2-b-explanation": "Correct! In DeFi, transactions are final and controlled by code rather than a company. If a mistake happens, like sending funds to the wrong address, there’s no customer support to help fix it. You need to be extra careful.",
  "defi-2-c-label": "Borrow funds with collateral.",
  "defi-2-c-explanation": "This is incorrect. With DeFi, you can borrow money instantly, avoiding the days-long approval process of traditional banks.",
  "defi-2-d-label": "Trade your tokens 24/7.",
  "defi-2-d-explanation": "This is incorrect. DeFi allows you to trade tokens 24/7. Markets are always open, and you can trade your ETH against USDT or any other currency anytime.",
  "defi-3-prompt": "Which DeFi platform is known for allowing users to swap tokens directly with one another?",
  "defi-3-a-label": "Uniswap",
  "defi-3-a-explanation": "Correct! Uniswap is a decentralized exchange that allows users to trade (swap) tokens directly with each other using automated market-making mechanisms.",
  "defi-3-b-label": "Aave",
  "defi-3-b-explanation": "This is incorrect. Aave is a DeFi protocol focused on lending and borrowing, not token swaps.",
  "defi-3-c-label": "PoolTogether",
  "defi-3-c-explanation": "This is incorrect. PoolTogether runs no-loss lotteries which offer a new innovative way to save money.",
  "defi-3-d-label": "MakerDao",
  "defi-3-d-explanation": "This is incorrect. MakerDAO is a decentralized platform that allows users to issue and manage the DAI stablecoin, but it doesn’t focus on token swaps.",
  "defi-4-prompt": "When you use a DeFi app and make a transaction, where is the transaction information kept?",
  "defi-4-a-label": "ETH",
  "defi-4-a-explanation": "This is incorrect. Data is not stored in ether (ETH). ETH is the native asset of the Ethereum blockchain.",
  "defi-4-b-label": "My wallet",
  "defi-4-b-explanation": "This is incorrect. A wallet is an application that manages your Ethereum account by connecting to the Ethereum blockchain. It doesn't store any data about your transaction history.",
  "defi-4-c-label": "DeFi apps",
  "defi-4-c-explanation": "This is incorrect. DeFi apps don’t store your transaction history directly. Instead, your transaction details are recorded on the Ethereum blockchain.",
  "defi-4-d-label": "Ethereum blockchain",
  "defi-4-d-explanation": "Correct! Ethereum as a blockchain stores all the data made by its users and apps. This allows validators to maintain the same state across the P2P network.",
  "defi-5-prompt": "What makes Decentralized Finance (DeFi) possible on Ethereum?",
  "defi-5-a-label": "Smart Contracts",
  "defi-5-a-explanation": "Correct! Smart contracts are like digital 'if-then' statements written into Ethereum. They replace traditional contracts and middlemen, automatically executing transactions if certain conditions are met.",
  "defi-5-b-label": "Middlemen",
  "defi-5-b-explanation": "This is incorrect. Ethereum doesn't need middlemen for transactions to run. Everything runs on the chain through smart contracts.",
  "defi-5-c-label": "Bitcoin",
  "defi-5-c-explanation": "This is incorrect. Bitcoin is a simple network for storing value, not for running advanced programs. DeFi requires a more flexible system, like Ethereum, that can run complex programs to handle loans and trades automatically.",
  "defi-5-d-label": "Traditional financial institutions",
  "defi-5-d-explanation": "This is incorrect. DeFi apps don’t need traditional financial institutions. They use blockchain programs called smart contracts to handle transactions automatically."
}