docs: 📚 write about results and background

Author: HofmannZ

Diff for: README.md

@@ -1,20 +1,33 @@
-# Protobuf benchmarks
+# Protobuf Benchmarks
 
-This project contains benchmarks for the [ts-proto](https://www.npmjs.com/package/ts-proto), [google-protobuf](https://www.npmjs.com/package/google-protobuf), and [protobuf-ts](https://www.npmjs.com/package/protobuf-ts) libraries.
+This project benchmarks the performance of the following Protocol Buffers libraries for JavaScript and TypeScript:
 
-## Running the benchmarks
+- [ts-proto](https://www.npmjs.com/package/ts-proto)
+- [google-protobuf](https://www.npmjs.com/package/google-protobuf)
+- [protobuf-ts](https://www.npmjs.com/package/protobuf-ts)
 
-To run the benchmarks, clone this repository and run the following commands:
+## Getting Started
+
+To run the benchmarks, clone this repository and execute the following script:
 
 ```bash
 ./run_all.sh
 ```
 
-This script will install the dependencies and run the benchmarks for each library.
+This script installs the dependencies and runs the benchmarks for each library.
+
 
 ## Results
 
-### Read inputs
+### Environment
+
+- **Machine**: MacBook Pro 16-inch, 2023  
+- **Chip**: Apple M2 Max  
+- **Memory**: 64 GB  
+- **macOS**: 15.2  
+- **Node.js**: 22.13.1  
+
+### Read Inputs
 
 | Library         | ops/sec | Average Time (ns) | Margin | Samples |
 | --------------- | ------- | ----------------- | ------ | ------- |
@@ -23,7 +36,7 @@ This script will install the dependencies and run the benchmarks for each librar
 | google-protobuf | 7,578   | 146,999.69        | ±0.82% | 68,028  |
 | protobuf-ts     | 6,746   | 158,944.02        | ±0.59% | 62,916  |
 
-### Update inputs
+### Update Inputs
 
 | Library         | ops/sec | Average Time (ns) | Margin | Samples |
 | --------------- | ------- | ----------------- | ------ | ------- |
@@ -32,10 +45,36 @@ This script will install the dependencies and run the benchmarks for each librar
 | google-protobuf | 6,314   | 179,756.73        | ±0.84% | 55,638  |
 | protobuf-ts     | 4,919   | 216,651.99        | ±0.53% | 46,157  |
 
-## Environment
+## Analysis
 
-- **Machine**: MacBook Pro 16-inch, 2023  
-- **Chip**: Apple M2 Max  
-- **Memory**: 64 GB  
-- **macOS**: 15.2 (24C101)  
-- **Node.js**: 22.13.1  
+### Background
+
+Approximately one year ago, we migrated from `google-protobuf` to `ts-proto (V1)` to take advantage of its improved performance and modern TypeScript compatibility. With the recent release of `ts-proto (V2)`, we included it in our benchmarks, expecting further performance enhancements. However, the results reveal a **performance regression** in `ts-proto (V2)` compared to its predecessor.
+
+### Key Insights
+
+#### Read Inputs
+- **`ts-proto (V1)`** achieves the best performance with **8,078 ops/sec** and the lowest average latency of **131,998.64 ns**.
+- **`ts-proto (V2)`** shows a **13.7% decrease in throughput** compared to V1, achieving only **6,972 ops/sec**, with an average latency of **153,027.88 ns**.
+- **`google-protobuf`** performs competitively, achieving **7,578 ops/sec**, just slightly behind `ts-proto (V1)`.
+- **`protobuf-ts`** lags behind, delivering **6,746 ops/sec** and the highest latency of **158,944.02 ns**.
+
+#### Update Inputs
+- **`ts-proto (V1)`** leads again, achieving **7,090 ops/sec** with an average latency of **148,810.31 ns**.
+- **`ts-proto (V2)`** suffers a significant **26.5% drop in throughput** compared to V1, with only **5,209 ops/sec** and a latency increase to **204,076.29 ns**.
+- **`google-protobuf`** performs better than `ts-proto (V2)` with **6,314 ops/sec**, but trails behind `ts-proto (V1)`.
+- **`protobuf-ts`** ranks the lowest, with **4,919 ops/sec** and the highest average latency of **216,651.99 ns**.
+
+### Observations
+- The migration from `google-protobuf` to `ts-proto (V1)` last year proved to be a clear performance improvement.
+- The release of `ts-proto (V2)`, however, introduces regressions:
+  - **Read Inputs:** Throughput drops by **13.7%**, and latency increases by **16%** compared to V1.
+  - **Update Inputs:** Throughput drops by **26.5%**, and latency increases by **37%** compared to V1.
+- Despite its age, **`google-protobuf`** remains competitive, especially for read operations.
+- **`protobuf-ts`** shows consistently poor performance across both tasks, highlighting room for optimization.
+
+## Conclusion
+
+While `ts-proto (V2)` was expected to outperform its predecessor, the benchmarks reveal clear regressions in both throughput and latency. Any potential feature improvements in V2 should be carefully weighed against these performance drawbacks.
+
+For now, **`ts-proto (V1)`** remains the best choice for performance in our use case.