When you want to send user a message then you need to call function to send the message.
In this artice, we'll talk about how can we send a message using our bot.
See also: official reference to sendMessage
bot.hears("hello",async ctx=>{
ctx.reply("Hi");
})// You can get chatId from update
bot.telegram.sendMessage(chatId,"Hello World!")You can pass options to do more actions like reply_to_message_id and many more.
You can see official reference given by Telegram to know about usage of options.
The Bot API supports basic formatting for messages. You can use bold, italic, underlined, strikethrough, and spoiler text, as well as inline links and pre-formatted code in your bots' messages. Telegram clients will render them accordingly. [Read more]
There are 3 ways to format messages sent to Telegram with Telegraf:
- Markdown
- HTML
- fmt helpers (recommended!)
Markdown is the easiest answer to formatting, but it comes with its downsides.
For supported Markdown syntax, refer to https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#markdownv2-style
"Markdown" (before MarkdownV2) is a legacy mode, and must not be used. Use "MarkdownV2" instead.
// Inside a handler
ctx.replyWithMarkdownV2("*Bold*, _italic_, and __underlines__\\!");
// Anywhere
bot.telegram.sendMessage("*Bold*, _italic_, and __underlines__\\!", { parse_mode: "MarkdownV2" });Since a variety of characters are reserved for Markdown syntax, if you want to use the character as-is in your text, you must escape it with a \. Since \ by itself is an escape character, it must be escaped again, with \\. For example:
// Inside a handler
ctx.replyWithMarkdownV2("Sending an asterisk: \\*"); // sends "Sending an asterisk: *"While HTML is more verbose than Markdown, fewer characters need escaping.
For a list of supported tags, refer to https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#html-style
// Inside a handler
ctx.replyWithHTML("`<b>`Bold</b>, <i>italic</i>, and <u>underlines</u>!");
// Anywhere
bot.telegram.sendMessage("`<b>`Bold</b>, <i>italic</i>, and <u>underlines</u>!", { parse_mode: "HTML" });While HTML and Markdown are the most popular options, a new feature (since v4.10.0) called fmt is recommended. While using fmt, you may write native-JavaScript template strings, and Telegraf will construct entities for you, and you'll require no escaping and no parse_mode!
Internally, fmt creates entities. Read more about entities here: https://core.telegram.org/bots/api#formatting-options
import { fmt, bold, italic, underline } from "telegraf/format";
// Inside a handler
ctx.sendMessage(fmt`
${bold`Bold`}, ${italic`italic`}, and ${underline`underline`}!
`);You can also naturally nest according to Formatting options.
import { fmt, bold, italics, mention } from "telegraf/format";
// Inside a handler
ctx.reply(fmt`
Ground control to ${bold`${mention("Major Tom", ctx.from.id)}`}
${bold`Lock your ${italic`Soyuz hatch`}`}
And ${italic`put your helmet on`}
— ${link("David Bowie", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bowie")}
`);This is what that looks like:
fmt also just works with captions, and even with only one of the helpers!
// Inside a handler, different variants of using fmt and bold
ctx.replyWithPhoto(file.id, { caption: fmt`File name: ${bold(fileName)}` });
ctx.replyWithPhoto(file.id, { caption: bold`File name: ${fileName}` });
ctx.replyWithPhoto(file.id, { caption: bold(fileName) });You need to import the helpers from "telegraf/format". Example:
import { fmt, bold } from "telegraf/format";Once imported, you can use them as documented below:
All of these fmt helpers are used in the exact same way. Each of them can be nested and can contain any of the others.
// As a tagged template literal, allows string interpolation and nested formatting
// Here, only `name` is underlined
fmt`Hello, ${underline`${name}`}`;
// The entire text is bold, but `name` is also italic
bold`Hello, ${italic`${name}`}`;
// As a function, accepts a single string, and does not support nesting
bold("Hello, " + name);code does not support nesting! Used to format as inline monospaced text.
// As a tagged template literal, allows string interpolation.
code`Hello, ${name}`;
// As a function, accepts a single string, and does not support nesting
code("Hello, " + name);pre accepts language as a first-parameter, and like code, does not support nesting! Used to format as pre-formatted code block.
// As a tagged template literal, allows string interpolation.
pre("TypeScript")`Hello, ${name}`;
// As a function, accepts a single string, and does not support nesting
pre("TS")("Hello, " + name);link is used to create an inline link, which is similar to an anchor <a href="url"> in HTML. This helper can only be used as a function, and does not support nesting:
link("Link text", URL);mention is used to link to a user by their ID. To use their username, simply use @username without any entity. This helper can only be used as a function, and does not support nesting:
mention("User", userId);You can pass reply_markup in options.
There are two types of markup available (as of Bot API 6.6)
-
Inline Keyboard
Inline Keyboard looks like this :
You can use Telegraf's Markup for making Inline Keyboard easily.
import { Markup } from "telegraf" bot.on("message",async ctx=>{ await ctx.reply("This is a awsome Inline Keyboard",Markup.inlineKeyboard([ Markup.button.callback('Hey','hey') ])) });
How to use More Options with Markup?
bot.on("message", async (ctx) => { await ctx.reply("<b>This is a awsome Inline Keyboard</b>", { reply_markup: Markup.inlineKeyboard([Markup.button.callback("Hey", "hey")]), parse_mode: "HTML", }); });
-
Keyboard
Keyboard Looks Like this:
You can just do same as inline but Keyboard doesn't support Markup (by Telegraf)
bot.on("message", async (ctx) => { await ctx.reply("<b>This is a awsome Keyboard</b>", { reply_markup: { keyboard:[ ['Row'], // row 1 ['Row 2'] // row 2 ] }, parse_mode: "HTML", }); });
You can even send keyboard with options.
bot.on("message", async (ctx) => { await ctx.reply("<b>This is a awsome Keyboard</b>", { reply_markup: { keyboard:[ ['Row'], // row 1 [{text:'Share Contact',request_contact:true}] // row 2 ] }, parse_mode: "HTML", }); });
You can use all these options also in calling bot.telegram.sendMessage()
bot.telegram.sendMessage(chatId,"<b>Wow</b>",{
parse_mode:"HTML"
});