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Carbon Monoxide is a diatomic molecule and as such, it has only one vibrational mode \cite{Herzberg:1949}. RADCAL includes one distinct band, see Table \ref{Table::CO}.
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\begin{table}[h!]
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\centering
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\caption{Spectral bands of $\rm CO$ included in RADCAL.}
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\caption[Spectral bands of $\rm CO$ included in RADCAL]{Spectral bands of $\rm CO$ included in RADCAL.}
\caption[Multiple-mesh geometry]{An example of a multiple-mesh geometry.}
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\label{fig:domain}
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\end{figure}
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outlines drawn at blockage edges and mesh interfaces&outlines drawn as specified in the input file
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\end{tabular}
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\end{center}
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\caption[Blockage outlines drawn at mesh interfaces and as specified in the input file.]{Blockage outlines drawn at mesh interfaces and as specified in the input file.}
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\caption[Blockage outlines at mesh interfaces and as specified in the input file]{Blockage outlines drawn at mesh interfaces and as specified in the input file.}
The HVAC outputs under the namelist group \ct{HVAC} are written out unformatted to the file \ct{CHID.hvac}. These files are written out from \ct{dump.f90} with the following lines:
where \ct{DUCT_CELL} is the number of mass transport cells for a duct (if a duct doesn't have mass transport, then the value 1 is written), and the second block of output is written for each \ct{DT_HVAC} output interval.
The cup-burner is a widely used experimental apparatus for studying the effectiveness of flame extinguishing agents. Typically, these experiments feature a steady fuel-air co-flow diffusion flame that is established above the cup. The extinguishing agent is gradually introduced into the air stream to determine the minimum concentration of the agent that leads to lift off. One hundred and ten experimental data sets are examined. The data sets include sixteen fuels: acetone, acetylene, benzene, butane, dodecane, ethanol, ethylene, heptane, hexane, hydrogen, methane, methanol, octane, propanol, and toluene, and five inert gases: argon (Ar), carbon dioxide (CO$_2$), helium (He), and nitrogen (N$_2$), and sulfur hexaflouride (SF$_6$). A STANJAN\footnote{STANJAN is a program for chemical equilibrium calculations.} calculation has been performed to determine the equilibrium temperature using the measured minimum extinguishing concentration for each experiment. The calculation assumes constant pressure and enthalpy using a stoichiometric mixture of fuel and air plus agent. For combinations of fuel and agent with multiple experiments, the average extinguishing concentration and the average flame temperature is taken, resulting in forty-six unique combinations of fuel and agent listed in Table~\ref{Cup_Table}.
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\begin{table}[p]
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\caption{Summary of Cup Burner Data}
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\caption[Summary of Cup Burner Data]{Summary of Cup Burner Data}
\caption{Lattimer fire impinging on a corridor ceiling experiments~\cite{Lattimer:FTJ:2013}.}
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\caption[Lattimer fire impinging on a corridor ceiling experiments]{Lattimer fire impinging on a corridor ceiling experiments~\cite{Lattimer:FTJ:2013}.}
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: Manuals/FDS_Verification_Guide/FDS_Verification_Guide.tex
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@@ -3023,7 +3023,7 @@ \section{Radiation inside a Box (\texorpdfstring{\ct{radiation_box}}{radiation\_
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\begin{figure}[ht]
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=4.0in]{FIGURES/box}
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\caption{\label{fig_box_radiation} Radiation inside a box geometry.}
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\caption[Radiation inside a box geometry]{\label{fig_box_radiation} Radiation inside a box geometry.}
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\end{figure}
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The configuration factors are calculated at the diagonal of the cold wall opposite to the hot wall. The exact values of the configuration factor from plane element $\d A$ to parallel rectangle $H$ are calculated using the analytical solution~\cite{Siegel:1}
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\begin{center}
@@ -3044,7 +3044,7 @@ \section{Radiation inside a Box (\texorpdfstring{\ct{radiation_box}}{radiation\_
The results provide an illustration of numerical errors due to both angular resolution and spatial resolution. With 20$^3$ cells (5-cm spatial resolution), the discrepancies between the FDS and analytical solutions decrease when increasing the number of radiation angles used in the Radiation Transfer Equation (RTE) solver: this decrease may be explained by the increasingly accurate description of the angular region occupied by the hot wall when viewed from the selected opposite wall locations. The results also show that at 5-cm spatial resolution (20$^3$ cells), the discrepancies between the FDS and analytical solutions do not totally vanish and feature a residual error of approximately 10$\%$ even when using a large number of radiation angles: this residual error may be explained by inaccuracies in the numerical description of the configuration factors (configuration factors are defined as spatial integrals over the hot wall surface of an expression that features two cosine angles and a separation distance; the implicit evaluation of configuration factors in the RTE solver is subject to spatial integration errors). Consistent with this explanation, the results show that at 1-cm spatial resolution (100$^3$ cells), the discrepancies between the FDS and analytical solutions decrease to very small levels and feature a residual error of less than 1$\%$.
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