Merge pull request #14091 from mcgratta/master

FDS Validation Guide: Add TUS diagrams

Author: mcgratta

Manuals/FDS_Validation_Guide/Experiment_Chapter.tex

@@ -3004,13 +3004,13 @@ \section{TUS Facade Experiments}
 
 Yoshioka and co-workers~\cite{Yoshioka:FST2012} at the Tokyo University of Science (TUS) conducted experiments in a large-scale facade apparatus based on ISO~13785-2. In the experiments, a gas-fueled fire within a compartment extends outside of an opening and impinges on a non-combustible vertical lining above the opening. Quasi-steady measurements of temperature and heat flux were taken.
 
-The compartment dimension were 4.0 m $\times$ 4.0 m $\times$ 1.7 m. (Note that the dimensions were wrong in \cite{Yoshioka:FST2012}. The facade was 5.7 m tall, with a 1.2 m wide wing made of the same material as the main facade. Compartment had one 1.2 m tall and 2.0 m wide window in the facade wall, but the window was partially closed in two of the tests. Back of the compartment had four 0.5 m $\times$ 0.6 m windows, which were open or closed according to the desired ventilation condition. These vents were closed by heavy fire blankets, but not by solid objects. There is considerable uncertainty in the process and quality of opening and closing these vents.
+The compartment dimension were 4.0~m by 4.0~m by 1.7~m. Note that the dimensions are incorrect in Ref.~\cite{Yoshioka:FST2012}. The facade was 5.7~m tall, with a 1.2~m wide side wall made of the same material as the main facade. The fire compartment had one 1.2~m tall and 2.0~m wide window in the facade wall, but the window was partially closed in two of the experiments. The rear of the fire compartment had four 0.5~m by 0.6~m openings that were open or closed according to the desired ventilation condition. These openings were closed by heavy fire blankets, and there was considerable uncertainty in the actual opening area.
 
-City gas was used as a fuel. It was lead to the compartment through four, room-wide burner pipes with holes on top surface, about 20 cm above the floor. Tests were carried out as three series, named I, 1 and 2, so that in each series, several ignitions were performed with changing ventilation and HRR. Test duration was 5 min and 10 min of cooling was allowed to take place between tets. 
+A mixture of gaseous fuels supplied by the local utility was used as a fuel. It was supplied to the compartment through four, room-wide burner pipes with holes on the top surface, approximately 20~cm above the floor. The experiments were conducted in three series, named I, 1 and 2. For each, multiple fires were generated between which changes were made to the ventilation and HRR. The test duration was 5~min with 10~min of cooling between each. 
 
 \subsubsection{Modeling Notes}
 
-Gleb Bytskov at the University of Aalto, Finland, performed numerical simulations of these experiments using FDS as part of his master's thesis~\cite{Bytskov:Thesis}.
+Gleb Bytskov at the University of Aalto, Finland, performed numerical simulations of these experiments using FDS as part of his master's thesis~\cite{Bytskov:Thesis}. The grid resolution is 10~cm. The fuel is assumed to be propane with a soot yield of 0.015, CO yield of 0.015, and radiative fraction of 0.20. 
 
 
 \section{UL/NIST Vent Experiments}

Manuals/FDS_Validation_Guide/Heat_Flux_Chapter.tex

@@ -664,7 +664,39 @@ \subsection{PRISME SOURCE Experiments}
 \subsection{TUS Facade Experiments}
 \label{TUS_Facade_Heat_Flux}
 
-Figures~\ref{TUS Facade_Heat_Flux_1} through \ref{TUS Facade_Heat_Flux_4} display measured and predicted heat flux to the surface above a window out of which emanates a fire plume. The measurements have been made along three vertical lines, a, b, and c, where b is along the centerline, and a and c are along the outer edges of the window.
+Figure~\ref{TUS_Facade_HF_Positions} indicates the location of the heat flux gauges on the outer wall of the TUS Facade experiments, described in Sec.~\ref{TUS_Facade_Description}. Figures~\ref{TUS Facade_Heat_Flux_1} through \ref{TUS Facade_Heat_Flux_4} display measured and predicted heat flux to the surface above a window out of which emanates a fire plume. The measurements have been made along three vertical lines, a, b, and c, where b is along the centerline, and a and c are along the outer edges of the window.
+
+\begin{figure}[!ht]
+\begin{minipage}{16cm}
+\setlength{\unitlength}{1.0in}
+\begin{picture}(4.0,6.0)(-1.2,0.0)
+
+\put(0.0,0.0){\framebox(3.0,5.7){ }}
+\put(0.95,0.5){\framebox(2.0,1.2){Window}}
+
+\put(1.05,2.6){\makebox(0.0,0.0){10}}
+\put(1.05,3.2){\makebox(0.0,0.0){5}}
+\put(1.05,5.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){a}}
+
+
+\put(1.95,2.6){\makebox(0.0,0.0){9}}
+\put(1.95,2.9){\makebox(0.0,0.0){7}}
+\put(1.95,3.2){\makebox(0.0,0.0){4}}
+\put(1.95,3.7){\makebox(0.0,0.0){2}}
+\put(1.95,5.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){b}}
+
+\put(2.85,2.6){\makebox(0.0,0.0){8}}
+\put(2.85,2.9){\makebox(0.0,0.0){6}}
+\put(2.85,3.2){\makebox(0.0,0.0){3}}
+\put(2.85,3.7){\makebox(0.0,0.0){1}}
+\put(2.85,5.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){c}}
+
+
+\end{picture}
+\end{minipage}
+\caption[tUS Facade, position of heat flux guages]{Positions of the heat flux gauges on the exterior wall of the TUS Facade experiments. The wall is 3~m wide and 5.7~m tall. The window is 2~m wide by 1.2~m tall and 0.5~m above the floor and 0.05~m to the left of an adjacent wall. The letters a, b, and c at top denote the vertical line.}
+\label{TUS_Facade_HF_Positions}
+\end{figure}
 
 
 \newpage

Manuals/FDS_Validation_Guide/Plume_Chapter.tex

@@ -433,7 +433,50 @@ \subsection{SP Adiabatic Surface Temperature Experiments}
 \subsection{TUS Facade Experiments}
 \label{TUS_Facade_Plume_Temperature}
 
-Figures~\ref{TUS Facade_Plume_Temp_1} through \ref{TUS Facade_Plume_Temp_4} display measured and predicted gas temperature above a window out of which emanates a fire plume. The measurements have been made along three vertical lines, a, b, and c, where b is along the centerline, and a and c are along the outer edges of the window. The sheathed thermocouples were 5~cm away from the wall.
+Figure~\ref{TUS_Facade_TC_Positions} indicates the locations of the sheathed thermocouples that are 5~cm off the exterior wall of the TUS Facade experiments, described in Section~\ref{TUS_Facade_Description}. Figures~\ref{TUS Facade_Plume_Temp_1} through \ref{TUS Facade_Plume_Temp_4} display measured and predicted gas temperature above a window out of which emanates a fire plume. The measurements have been made along three vertical lines, a, b, and c, where b is along the centerline, and a and c are along the outer edges of the window.
+
+\begin{figure}[!ht]
+\begin{minipage}{16cm}
+\setlength{\unitlength}{1.0in}
+\begin{picture}(4.0,6.0)(-1.2,0.0)
+
+\put(0.0,0.0){\framebox(3.0,5.7){ }}
+\put(0.95,0.5){\framebox(2.0,1.2){Window}}
+
+\put(1.05,1.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){23}}
+\put(1.05,2.6){\makebox(0.0,0.0){20}}
+\put(1.05,2.9){\makebox(0.0,0.0){17}}
+\put(1.05,3.2){\makebox(0.0,0.0){14}}
+\put(1.05,5.6){\makebox(0.0,0.0){3}}
+\put(1.05,5.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){a}}
+
+\put(1.95,1.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){22}}
+\put(1.95,2.6){\makebox(0.0,0.0){19}}
+\put(1.95,2.9){\makebox(0.0,0.0){16}}
+\put(1.95,3.2){\makebox(0.0,0.0){13}}
+\put(1.95,3.7){\makebox(0.0,0.0){11}}
+\put(1.95,4.3){\makebox(0.0,0.0){9}}
+\put(1.95,4.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){7}}
+\put(1.95,5.3){\makebox(0.0,0.0){5}}
+\put(1.95,5.6){\makebox(0.0,0.0){2}}
+\put(1.95,5.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){b}}
+
+\put(2.85,1.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){21}}
+\put(2.85,2.6){\makebox(0.0,0.0){18}}
+\put(2.85,2.9){\makebox(0.0,0.0){15}}
+\put(2.85,3.2){\makebox(0.0,0.0){12}}
+\put(2.85,3.7){\makebox(0.0,0.0){10}}
+\put(2.85,4.3){\makebox(0.0,0.0){8}}
+\put(2.85,4.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){6}}
+\put(2.85,5.3){\makebox(0.0,0.0){4}}
+\put(2.85,5.6){\makebox(0.0,0.0){1}}
+\put(2.85,5.8){\makebox(0.0,0.0){c}}
+
+\end{picture}
+\end{minipage}
+\caption[tUS Facade, position of thermocouples]{Positions of the thermocouples on the exterior wall of the TUS Facade experiments. The wall is 3~m wide and 5.7~m tall. The window is 2~m wide by 1.2~m tall and 0.5~m above the floor and 0.05~m to the left of an adjacent wall. The letters a, b, and c at top denote the vertical line.}
+\label{TUS_Facade_TC_Positions}
+\end{figure}
 
 \newpage