diff --git a/FormalConjectures/GreensOpenProblems/82.lean b/FormalConjectures/GreensOpenProblems/82.lean new file mode 100644 index 000000000..800b4e4c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/FormalConjectures/GreensOpenProblems/82.lean @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +/- +Copyright 2026 The Formal Conjectures Authors. + +Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); +you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. +You may obtain a copy of the License at + + https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + +Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software +distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, +WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. +See the License for the specific language governing permissions and +limitations under the License. +-/ + +import FormalConjectures.Util.ProblemImports + +/-! +# Ben Green's Open Problem 82 + +Let $A \subset \mathbb{Z}$ be a set of size $n$. For how many $\theta \in \mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$ +must we have $\sum_{a \in A} \cos(2\pi a\theta) = 0$? + +It is known that there must be at least $\Omega(\log n / \log \log n)$ zeros. + +*Reference:* +- [Gr24] [Ben Green's Open Problem 82](https://people.maths.ox.ac.uk/greenbj/papers/open-problems.pdf#problem.82) +-/ + +open Real Set +open scoped Finset + +namespace Green82 + +/-- +Let $A \subset \mathbb{Z}$ be a set of size $n$. For how many $\theta \in \mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$ +must we have $\sum_{a \in A} \cos(2\pi a\theta) = 0$? +-/ +@[category research open, AMS 11 42] +theorem green_82 : + answer(sorry) ↔ ∃ f : ℕ → ℕ, ∀ n > 0, ∀ A : Finset ℤ, A.card = n → + f n ≤ ({θ : ℝ | θ ∈ Ico 0 1 ∧ ∑ a ∈ A, cos (2 * π * a * θ) = 0} : Set ℝ).ncard := by + sorry + +/-- There must be at least $\Omega(\log n / \log \log n)$ zeros. -/ +@[category research solved, AMS 11 42] +theorem green_82_lower_bound : + ∃ c > 0, ∀ n ≥ 2, ∀ A : Finset ℤ, A.card = n → + c * log n / log (log n) ≤ + ({θ : ℝ | θ ∈ Ico 0 1 ∧ ∑ a ∈ A, cos (2 * π * a * θ) = 0} : Set ℝ).ncard := by + sorry + +end Green82